plowdens_n argument_n against_o it_o in_o m._n tates_n hand_n but_o their_o resolution_n be_v not_o where_o to_o be_v find_v at_o least_o by_o we_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o if_o they_o have_v give_v judgement_n for_o the_o queen_n it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v keep_v close_o but_o howsoever_o the_o profit_n be_v too_o great_a to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o therefore_o it_o continue_v till_o this_o day_n howsoever_o the_o reason_n in_o equity_n in_o the_o lay_v this_o imposition_n upon_o cloth_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v sound_n unto_o some_o man_n and_o so_o to_o allow_v of_o this_o imposition_n as_o differ_v from_o we_o yet_o for_o my_o part_n i_o hold_v it_o not_o so_o when_o i_o consider_v what_o course_n be_v take_v by_o ed._n 3._o upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n a_o 11._o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o &_o 2._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o wool_n shall_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o england_n but_o by_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v wear_v cloth_n other_o than_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v make_v in_o england_n this_o law_n take_v such_o effect_n as_o within_o ten_o year_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wool_n in_o england_n be_v make_v into_o cloth_n and_o it_o become_v to_o be_v transport_v in_o such_o abundance_n by_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n at_o all_o due_a upon_o cloth_n and_o the_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n upon_o wool_n be_v very_o high_a that_o in_o the_o 21_o year_n the_o king_n find_v his_o custom_n of_o wool_n so_o much_o decrease_v do_v seek_v to_o remedy_v it_o not_o by_o impose_v a_o new_a charge_n upon_o cloth_n by_o his_o absolute_a power_n as_o qu._n mary_n do_v but_o do_v it_o by_o assent_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o full_a parliament_n as_o i_o collect_v partly_o by_o my_o l._n dyer_n in_o the_o place_n last_o mention_v but_o more_o full_o by_o a_o recital_n in_o a_o record_n among_o we_o of_o 24._o e_o 3._o ro_o 13._o orig_v de_fw-fr scaccar_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o whereas_o the_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n due_a and_o grant_v upon_o wool_n be_v much_o decrease_v because_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wool_n of_o england_n be_v make_v into_o cloth_n for_o which_o no_o custom_n be_v due_a and_o whereas_o in_o consideration_n thereof_o at_o our_o council_n hold_v the_o 21_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n by_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o accord_v that_o 14d._o by_o denizen_n and_o 20d._o by_o stranger_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o every_o cloth_n of_o assize_n etc._n etc._n make_v of_o english_a wool_n and_o transport_v upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o clothes_n and_o so_o follow_v a_o authority_n give_v to_o collect_v the_o same_o the_o next_o imposition_n lay_v by_o q._n mary_n be_v forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o tun_n of_o french_a wine_n impose_v in_o the_o 5_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v first_o a_o proclamation_n make_v that_o no_o wine_n at_o all_o shall_v be_v bring_v from_o france_n be_v then_o in_o enmity_n with_o england_n upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o wine_n which_o by_o the_o way_n be_v a_o strange_a clause_n in_o a_o proclamation_n immediate_o after_o this_o restraint_n there_o be_v a_o order_n make_v by_o the_o qu._n and_o her_o privy_a counsel_n that_o such_o as_o will_v may_v bring_v in_o french_a wine_n notwithstanding_o the_o proclamation_n pay_v forty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o tun_n by_o the_o name_n of_o impost_n as_o do_v appear_v by_o record_n in_o the_o roll_n of_o easter_n term_n 1_o eliz._n in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o k._n remembrancer_n of_o the_o exchequer_n in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o germane_a ciol_n case_n german_n ciol_n case_n against_o who_o a_o information_n be_v exhibit_v for_o not_o pay_v the_o say_a imposition_n whereunto_o take_v it_o by_o way_n of_o traverse_n that_o there_o be_v any_o law_n of_o the_o land_n by_o which_o he_o may_v be_v charge_v with_o impost_n he_o plead_v a_o licence_n make_v unto_o he_o an_z 1._o &_o 2._o ph._n &_o mar._n to_o import_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o ton_n of_o wine_n within_o a_o certain_a time_n any_o restraint_n then_o make_v or_o afterward_o to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o provide_v always_o that_o the_o custom_n subsidy_n and_o other_o duty_n due_a and_o accustom_a to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n be_v due_o satisfy_v he_o show_v that_o for_o all_o wine_n bring_v in_o by_o he_o during_o the_o life_n of_o queen_n mary_n he_o pay_v the_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n viz._n three_o shilling_n for_o every_o tun_n which_o be_v all_o that_o be_v due_a and_o accustom_a to_o be_v pay_v upon_o this_o plea_n a_o demurrer_n be_v join_v and_o judgement_n give_v thereupon_o against_o the_o queen_n this_o judgement_n have_v be_v enforce_v in_o the_o maintenance_n of_o imposition_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o make_v not_o rather_o against_o they_o i_o leave_v to_o your_o censure_n near_o about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v imposition_n lay_v also_o by_o queen_n mary_n upon_o all_o french_a commodity_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v import_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o port-booke_n of_o those_o time_n in_o the_o exchequer_n which_o imposition_n be_v receive_v to_o the_o use_n of_o queen_n eliz._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o 1_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n but_o ere_o the_o year_n end_v they_o be_v all_o take_v away_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o same_o port-booke_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v a_o great_a argument_n that_o they_o be_v not_o then_o hold_v lawful_a for_o prince_n do_v not_o so_o easy_o give_v over_o their_o hold_n in_o matter_n of_o profit_n if_o they_o be_v any_o way_n able_a to_o maintain_v it_o what_o have_v hitherto_o uphold_v the_o imposition_n upon_o wine_n i_o know_v not_o except_o it_o be_v the_o great_a profit_n that_o come_v by_o it_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o because_o there_o be_v never_o any_o late_a judgement_n give_v direct_o against_o imposition_n you_o have_v hitherto_o hear_v what_o reason_n and_o direct_v proof_n i_o have_v use_v statute_n admit_v the_o king_n have_v power_n by_o the_o common-lawe_n to_o lay_v imposition_n yet_o he_o be_v bar_v by_o statute_n to_o maintain_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o king_n can_v at_o he_o will_v increase_v his_o custom_n by_o way_n of_o imposition_n you_o have_v second_o hear_v what_o the_o practice_n of_o former_a age_n have_v be_v in_o this_o kind_n till_o this_o day_n from_o which_o i_o have_v also_o draw_v reason_n of_o inference_n that_o prove_v the_o common-law_n so_o to_o be_v but_o now_o admit_v that_o by_o the_o common-law_n it_o have_v be_v clear_a and_o without_o question_n that_o the_o king_n may_v at_o he_o will_v have_v lay_v imposition_n and_o that_o also_o the_o same_o can_v have_v be_v clear_o prove_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n yet_o i_o affirm_v that_o so_o stand_v the_o law_n of_o england_n at_o this_o day_n by_o reason_n of_o statute_n direct_o in_o the_o point_n as_o the_o king_n power_n if_o ever_o he_o have_v any_o to_o impose_v be_v not_o only_o limit_v but_o utter_o take_v away_o as_o i_o hope_v i_o shall_v be_v able_a evident_o to_o prove_v notwithstanding_o any_o objection_n that_o have_v be_v make_v against_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o statute_n to_o this_o sense_n the_o first_o statute_n be_v in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o answer_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o enforce_a and_o the_o objection_n make_v against_o it_o answer_v the_o word_n be_v all_o merchant_n if_o they_o be_v not_o open_o prohibit_v before_o shall_v have_v their_o safe_a and_o sure_a conduct_n to_o enter_v and_o depart_v to_o go_v and_o tarry_v in_o the_o realm_n as_o well_o by_o land_n as_o by_o water_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v without_o any_o evil_a toll_n by_o the_o old_a and_o rightful_a custom_n except_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n and_o if_o they_o be_v of_o the_o land_n make_v war_n against_o we_o and_o be_v find_v in_o our_o realm_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n they_o shall_v be_v attach_v without_o harm_n of_o body_n or_o good_n until_o it_o be_v know_v to_o we_o or_o our_o justice_n how_o our_o merchant_n be_v entreat_v there_o in_o the_o land_n make_v war_n against_o we_o etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n of_o which_o this_o be_v a_o branch_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a statute-law_n we_o have_v win_v and_o seal_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o ancestor_n so_o reverence_v in_o former_a time_n that_o it_o have_v be_v by_o parliament_n provide_v that_o transcript_n thereof_o shall_v be_v send_v to_o all_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o england_n there_o to_o remain_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v twice_o every_o
these_o indeed_o and_o only_o these_o be_v mere_a imposition_n and_o may_v be_v apt_o compare_v with_o these_o of_o our_o time_n of_o this_o kind_n among_o all_o the_o record_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n i_o find_v only_o two_o which_o i_o will_v true_o open_v unto_o you_o the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o twenty_o one_o of_o his_o reign_n where_o it_o appear_v that_o lionel_n afterward_o duke_n of_o clarence_n name_v upon_o the_o record_n parliam_fw-la 21._o ed._n 3_o not_o 11_o ro._n parliam_fw-la lionel_n of_o antwerp_n because_o i_o suppose_v he_o be_v there_o bear_v the_o king_n second_o son_n be_v then_o guardian_n of_o england_n while_o the_o king_n his_o father_n be_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calais_n at_o a_o counsel_n by_o he_o hold_v the_o same_o year_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o privy_a counsel_n assess_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n upon_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n two_o shilling_n upon_o every_o tun_n of_o wine_n two_o shilling_n upon_o every_o pound_n of_o aver_n de_fw-fr boy_n of_o merchandize_n import_v impose_v poundage_n impose_v six_o penny_n this_o imposition_n be_v i_o must_v confess_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v to_o the_o contrary_a such_o as_o our_o present_a imposition_n be_v i_o mean_v in_o that_o it_o be_v impose_v only_o and_o simple_o by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n and_o may_v in_o that_o respect_n be_v the_o four_o of_o that_o number_n of_o six_o which_o i_o tell_v you_o be_v all_o that_o can_v be_v find_v in_o any_o degree_n like_a to_o we_o ever_o to_o have_v be_v practise_v in_o this_o commonwealth_n from_o the_o conquest_n till_o queen_n mary_n time_n but_o though_o in_o the_o authority_n of_o impose_v it_o be_v like_a yet_o in_o circumstance_n very_o material_a you_o shall_v find_v a_o apparent_a difference_n between_o they_o first_o this_o imposition_n be_v very_o moderate_a in_o the_o sum_n as_o you_o may_v perceive_v for_o it_o be_v but_o two_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n whereas_o in_o 13._o ed._n 3._o forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n be_v usual_a and_o sometime_o fifty_o shilling_n second_o it_o be_v to_o continue_v no_o long_o then_o till_o michaelmas_n follow_v three_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o most_o chargeable_a war_n and_o ordain_v to_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o ship_n of_o war_n at_o sea_n for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o merchant_n in_o their_o passage_n of_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a there_o be_v at_o this_o instant_n very_o great_a necessity_n for_o it_o be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v impose_v then_o when_o king_n ed._n 3._o lay_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calais_n beside_o such_o as_o it_o be_v and_o so_o qualify_v as_o you_o perceive_v it_o be_v nevertheless_o complain_v of_o in_o parliament_n by_o a_o petition_n from_o the_o commons_o as_o may_v appear_v be_v the_o record_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n of_o 21._o ed._n 3._o to_o which_o petition_n or_o complaint_n this_o answer_n be_v give_v that_o all_o the_o say_a imposition_n be_v already_o take_v away_o save_v only_o the_o two_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n which_o shall_v last_v no_o long_o than_o easter_n and_o see_v the_o same_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o merchant_n in_o which_o there_o have_v be_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n expend_v by_o the_o king_n then_o can_v be_v collect_v between_o that_o and_o michaelmas_n therefore_o to_o continue_v the_o same_o till_o easter_n he_o hope_v it_o will_v not_o seem_v over-burdensome_a or_o grievous_a unto_o they_o in_o the_o parliament_n follow_v viz._n anno_fw-la 22._o the_o commons_o pray_v that_o writ_n may_v be_v direct_v to_o the_o customer_n to_o forbear_v at_o easter_n next_o to_o take_v the_o two_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n par._n 22_o e._n 3._o n_o 16._o ro._n par._n according_a as_o it_o be_v grant_v at_o the_o last_o parliament_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o any_o long_o continue_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o any_o merchant_n the_o king_n answer_v let_v it_o cease_v at_o easter_n as_o it_o be_v agree_v the_o last_o parliament_n here_o you_o see_v it_o be_v absolute_o take_v away_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o have_v want_v these_o qualification_n and_o circumstance_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v it_o have_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o public_o condemn_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v of_o little_a force_n with_o you_o to_o justify_v these_o present_a imposition_n but_o that_o which_o i_o observe_v out_o of_o this_o last_o record_n make_v i_o rather_o to_o incline_v that_o this_o imposition_n be_v only_o by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n then_o that_o it_o be_v a_o absolute_a imposition_n such_o as_o we_o be_v for_o to_o what_o end_n i_o pray_v you_o shall_v the_o commons_o pray_v that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v any_o long_o continue_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o any_o merchant_n except_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o merchant_n for_o their_o benefit_n shall_v pray_v the_o long_a continuance_n thereof_o and_o what_o benefit_n can_v any_o imposition_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o a_o merchant_n except_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n to_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o trade_v where_o before_o such_o dispensation_n give_v he_o stand_v altogether_o restrain_v if_o then_o it_o be_v a_o imposition_n by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n with_o a_o penal_a statute_n of_o restraint_n then_o be_v it_o no_o precedent_n for_o our_o present_a imposition_n but_o whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v a_o dispensation_n or_o absolute_a imposition_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o judgement_n you_o have_v hear_v my_o observation_n and_o so_o i_o come_v to_o the_o next_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o produce_v for_o maintenance_n of_o our_o imposition_n scac._n 24_o e._n 3._o n._n 12._o orig._n de_fw-fr scac._n which_o be_v in_o the_o 24_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o record_n of_o which_o and_o that_o which_o follow_v thereupon_o i_o will_v without_o any_o enforcement_n at_o all_o open_v unto_o you_o and_o so_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o censure_n the_o king_n recite_v that_o whereas_o the_o spaniard_n and_o french_a have_v join_v in_o league_n to_o make_v war_n against_o he_o and_o that_o for_o the_o withstand_v of_o his_o say_a adversary_n as_o also_o for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o merchant_n against_o pirate_n he_o have_v ordain_v that_o certain_a ship_n shall_v be_v set_v forth_o and_o that_o for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n there_o shall_v be_v pay_v by_o merchant_n two_o shilling_n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n two_o shilling_n for_o three_o hundred_o woolfel_n four_o shilling_n for_o a_o last_o of_o leather_n a_o scute_n of_o gold_n or_o four_o shil_n impose_v poundage_n impose_v for_o a_o ton_n of_o wine_n and_o six_o penny_n of_o the_o pound_n upon_o all_o other_o merchandize_v for_o one_o year_n follow_v he_o command_v his_o customer_n to_o levy_v the_o same_o according_o the_o very_a next_o year_n and_o parliament_n follow_v par._n 25_o ed_n 3_o no._n 12_o rot_v par._n the_o commons_o exhibit_v a_o petition_n in_o parliament_n against_o imposition_n and_o other_o like_a charge_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n to_o which_o answer_n be_v give_v that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o king_n intion_n they_o shall_v be_v charge_v i_o have_v now_o go_v through_o all_o the_o material_a record_n here_o among_o we_o of_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o in_o which_o though_o his_o reign_n be_v very_o long_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o war_n and_o other_o excessive_a charge_n more_o occasion_n be_v give_v he_o to_o try_v the_o strength_n of_o this_o point_n of_o the_o prerogative_n than_o ever_o any_o king_n before_o or_o since_o though_o oftentimes_o and_o by_o many_o politic_a invention_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v he_o attempt_v to_o establish_v this_o prerogative_n of_o lay_v imposition_n without_o assent_n in_o parliament_n yet_o can_v there_o not_o be_v produce_v in_o all_o his_o time_n any_o more_o than_o two_o precedent_n of_o imposition_n like_v to_o these_o of_o we_o that_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a authority_n and_o yet_o these_o two_o be_v also_o as_o you_o perceive_v qualify_v with_o such_o circumstance_n as_o if_o we_o be_v such_o we_o shall_v have_v hold_v they_o tolerable_a though_o perhaps_o not_o lawful_a yet_o they_o such_o as_o they_o be_v escape_v not_o without_o be_v complain_v of_o and_o condemn_v also_o in_o parliament_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v that_o some_o one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o imposition_n which_o be_v by_o assent_n or_o grant_v of_o merchant_n in_o this_o time_n of_o ed._n 3._o be_v in_o time_n when_o the_o passage_n be_v open_a and_o not_o restrain_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o so_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o our_o imposition_n but_o whosoever_o shall_v by_o look_v over_o the_o statute_n
nunnery_n and_o all_o other_o religious_a house_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o throughout_o england_n by_o which_o mean_n and_o by_o the_o sale_n of_o their_o good_n he_o gather_v such_o a_o mass_n of_o treasure_n as_o it_o may_v have_v be_v imagine_v that_o never_o any_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n shall_v have_v need_v to_o have_v seek_v relief_n at_o his_o subject_n hand_n yet_o he_o himself_o no_o long_o than_o within_o 3._o year_n after_o follow_v crave_v and_o obtain_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o that_o time_n a_o excessive_a great_a aid_n by_o parliament_n and_o yet_o the_o year_n follow_v he_o do_v also_o abase_v his_o coin_n more_o than_o half_a in_o half_n such_o a_o abasement_n as_o never_o before_o or_o since_o be_v hear_v of_o and_o can_v not_o but_o be_v very_o grievous_a to_o the_o people_n but_o because_o perhaps_o they_o hold_v it_o lawful_a so_o to_o do_v they_o make_v no_o pubilque_fw-fr complaint_n thereof_o and_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o observe_n 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fourteen_o twelve_o year_n her_o age_n of_o consent_n and_o nine_o year_n capable_a to_o be_v endow_v a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n give_v to_o sue_v a_o appeal_n the_o like_a limitation_n of_o a_o year_n and_o day_n in_o very_a many_o other_o case_n in_o effect_n who_o reduce_v all_o the_o know_a ground_n of_o the_o common_a law_n to_o that_o certainty_n that_o now_o they_o be_v because_o we_o can_v tell_v how_o or_o when_o they_o begin_v shall_v we_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o they_o begin_v by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n and_o infer_v that_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n they_o may_v be_v change_v at_o his_o pleasure_n if_o the_o king_n may_v increase_v his_o fine_n upon_o the_o purchase_n of_o original_a writt_n which_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n he_o may_v do_v that_o he_o may_v do_v his_o custom_n nay_o he_o have_v more_o colour_n for_o this_o then_o for_o that_o because_o there_o be_v no_o statute_n against_o this_o he_o may_v easy_o raise_v that_o revenue_n to_o the_o 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the_o time_n of_o inas_fw-la king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a i_o assure_v myself_o there_o be_v parliament_n hold_v and_o that_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n as_o at_o this_o day_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o these_o word_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o law_n of_o king_n inas_fw-la in_o mr._n lambert_n suasu_fw-la &_o instituto_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la senatorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la &_o natu_fw-la majorum_fw-la populi_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o frequentia_fw-la magna_fw-la and_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o some_o other_o of_o his_o law_n hoc_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la common_a consilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sapientium_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o latin_a which_o we_o be_v in_o english_a by_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o 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par._n 2_o e_o 1._o m._n 17._o ro._n fin_n 31_o e._n 1._o n._n 44._o ro._n pat._n 17_o h._n 6._o ro._n clo._n in_o dorso_fw-la upon_o which_o they_o infer_v that_o if_o he_o may_v restrain_v a_o merchant_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o pass_v at_o all_o he_o may_v much_o more_o so_o restrain_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o pass_v except_o he_o pay_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o this_o say_v they_o be_v less_o than_o total_o to_o restrain_v he_o and_o cui_fw-la licet_fw-la quod_fw-la majus_fw-la licet_fw-la etiam_fw-la quod_fw-la minus_fw-la of_o this_o argument_n my_o l._n dyer_n give_v light_a in_o his_o case_n of_o imposition_n 1_o eliz._n and_o this_o have_v be_v diverse_o enforce_v by_o all_o that_o have_v argue_v for_o imposition_n in_o answer_n of_o which_o i_o will_v consider_v how_o far_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v the_o passage_n of_o merchant_n and_o then_o will_v examine_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o argument_n for_o my_o part_n i_o think_v the_o king_n can_v 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king_n to_o sustain_v any_o public_a charge_n except_o it_o be_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n in_o parliament_n i_o proceed_v from_o ed._n 4._o to_o hen._n 7._o 7._o hen._n 7._o omit_v ed._n 5._o and_o ric._n 3._o because_o of_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o reign_n hen._n 7._o book_n h._n 7._o have_v a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n grant_v to_o he_o for_o his_o life_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o parl._n roll_v 1_o h._n 7._o which_o appear_v no_o where_n in_o our_o print_a book_n have_v indeed_o a_o more_o peaceable_a time_n than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v not_o altogether_o free_a from_o trouble_n both_o within_o the_o realm_n and_o from_o abroad_o but_o his_o natural_a inclination_n be_v rather_o to_o embrace_v peace_n he_o be_v so_o provident_a and_o politic_a in_o the_o gather_n and_o store_v up_o of_o treasure_n as_o never_o any_o prince_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v therein_o to_o be_v compare_v to_o he_o he_o do_v himself_o take_v the_o 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move_v i_o herein_o be_v that_o there_o be_v in_o h._n 7._o time_n such_o a_o occasion_n offer_v of_o make_v use_n of_o this_o prerogative_n as_o there_o can_v not_o possible_o happen_v any_o other_o that_o may_v better_o have_v justify_v the_o lay_n of_o imposition_n which_o be_v this_o the_o venetian_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o drive_v our_o merchant_n from_o fetch_v sweet_a wine_n at_o candy_n that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o employ_v their_o own_o ship_n and_o merchant_n do_v impose_v upon_o every_o but_o of_o malmsey_n bring_v thence_o by_o english_a merchant_n four_o ducat_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o english_a whole_o lose_v that_o trade_n and_o the_o venetian_n make_v the_o whole_a profit_n thereof_o this_o mischief_n be_v no_o other_o way_n better_o to_o be_v remedy_v than_o by_o impose_v the_o like_a or_o a_o great_a charge_n upon_o merchant_n of_o candy_n bring_v malmsey_n into_o england_n that_o so_o they_o of_o candy_n not_o be_v able_a to_o afford_v they_o better_o 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open_v it_o unto_o you_o and_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n that_o for_o the_o counterpoyse_v of_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n lay_v by_o the_o venetian_n upon_o our_o merchant_n there_o be_v impose_v 18s._o for_o a_o but_o of_o malmsey_n upon_o their_o merchant_n bring_v it_o hither_o to_o last_o as_o long_o as_o the_o imposition_n of_o four_o ducat_n which_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o act_n come_v but_o to_o 18s._o of_o our_o money_n shall_v endure_v it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o this_o king_n consider_v his_o other_o action_n will_v have_v suffer_v this_o to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o parliament_n if_o he_o have_v think_v he_o may_v have_v lawful_o do_v it_o by_o his_o absolute_a power_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v almost_o be_v gainsaid_a that_o in_o these_o time_n this_o pretend_a prerogative_n of_o lay_v imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v against_o law_n hen._n 8._o his_o son_n and_o successor_n 8._o 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which_o not_o answer_v his_o expectation_n he_o do_v the_o same_o year_n raise_v unto_o himself_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o treasure_n by_o abase_v his_o gold_n such_o thing_n as_o these_o prince_n never_o put_v in_o practice_n but_o when_o all_o other_o mean_n fail_v they_o and_o yet_o he_o go_v many_o degree_n beyond_o this_o for_o in_o the_o 27._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o suppress_v above_o 370_o religious_a house_n the_o yearly_a value_n of_o who_o revenue_n i_o have_v read_v to_o be_v no_o less_o than_o 32000l._o per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o those_o day_n and_o that_o of_o their_o good_n sell_v at_o very_o low_a prize_n he_o make_v above_o 100000l._o in_o present_a money_n about_o 4._o year_n after_o he_o dissolve_v all_o the_o monastery_n abbey_v priory_n
of_o 52._o hen._n 3._o this_o title_n consuetudo_fw-la mercandizorum_n and_o by_o divers_a other_o record_n of_o hen._n 3._o time_n the_o roll_n and_o record_n of_o the_o begin_n of_o ed._n 1_o do_v likewise_o prove_v the_o same_o very_o evident_o insomuch_o that_o not_o only_o that_o which_o in_o this_o kind_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o ancient_a prescription_n be_v call_v consuetudo_fw-la but_o in_o late_a time_n if_o any_o increase_n be_v of_o that_o duty_n though_o it_o come_v not_o by_o prescription_n but_o by_o grant_n in_o parliament_n or_o otherwise_o yet_o it_o still_o retain_v the_o name_n consuetudo_fw-la which_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n come_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a name_n to_o that_o kind_n of_o duty_n howsoever_o it_o begin_v and_o therefore_o in_o 3._o ed._n 1._o you_o shall_v find_v that_o after_o the_o old_a custom_n of_o wool_n be_v increase_v to_o a_o demy-marke_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n yet_o the_o word_n 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custuma_n but_o that_o which_o be_v due_a upon_o the_o staple_n commodity_n and_o so_o be_v it_o use_v at_o this_o day_n except_o only_a cloth_n for_o if_o it_o be_v lay_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v call_v a_o subsidy_n if_o without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n impost_n you_o see_v in_o what_o sense_n the_o word_n malum_fw-la tolnetum_n and_o the_o word_n consuetudo_fw-la have_v be_v use_v in_o former_a time_n and_o be_v thereby_o able_a to_o judge_v how_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o this_o present_a statute_n which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v aught_o to_o have_v the_o most_o benign_a interpretation_n that_o the_o word_n may_v bear_v but_o it_o have_v be_v likewise_o object_v that_o in_o this_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o special_a clause_n of_o exception_n which_o leave_v the_o king_n at_o his_o liberty_n to_o lay_v what_o imposition_n he_o please_v answer_v the_o three_o objection_n against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o that_o by_o the_o exception_n the_o king_n prerogative_n to_o lay_v imposition_n be_v salve_v answer_v this_o statute_n notwithstanding_o and_o that_o be_v the_o word_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o statute_n all_o merchant_n if_o they_o be_v not_o open_o prohibit_v before_o shall_v have_v their_o passage_n etc._n etc._n which_o imply_v say_v they_o that_o if_o they_o be_v prohibit_v which_o rest_v whole_o in_o the_o king_n power_n than_o they_o be_v not_o to_o have_v benefit_n of_o this_o stat._n touch_v the_o freedom_n from_o imposition_n and_o they_o say_v far_o that_o the_o very_o lay_v of_o imposition_n do_v imply_v a_o restraint_n sub_fw-la modo_fw-la though_o i_o purpose_v to_o speak_v more_o full_o in_o answer_n of_o this_o objection_n when_o i_o come_v to_o show_v you_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o reason_n allege_v for_o imposition_n yet_o i_o can_v forbear_v in_o this_o place_n to_o speak_v a_o word_n or_o two_o in_o answer_n thereof_o have_v the_o statute_n now_o before_o we_o except_o they_o be_v prohibit_v they_o shall_v have_v free_a passage_n say_v the_o statute_n without_o pay_v evill-toll_a this_o do_v imply_v say_v they_o that_o if_o they_o be_v prohibit_v they_o may_v be_v compel_v to_o pay_v imposition_n but_o that_o can_v be_v necessary_o conclude_v it_o imply_v indeed_o somewhat_o strong_o that_o they_o may_v be_v prohibit_v the_o statute_n of_o 1_o r._n 2._o cap._n 12._o inhibit_v the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n to_o deliver_v any_o prisoner_n out_o of_o execution_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o writ_n or_o other_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n it_o may_v be_v as_o strong_o imply_v out_o of_o this_o statute_n that_o the_o king_n may_v by_o his_o commandment_n without_o writ_n dyer_n 4_o &_o 5_o p._n &_o m._n foe_n 162._o b._n dyer_n deliver_v a_o prisoner_n out_o of_o execution_n but_o the_o contrary_n have_v always_o be_v hold_v the_o same_o objection_n be_v make_v and_o the_o same_o answer_n may_v be_v give_v to_o another_o exception_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o branch_n except_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n i_o come_v to_o the_o second_o statute_n against_o imposition_n clear_v the_o second_o statute_n against_o imposition_n the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la expound_v and_o clear_v which_o be_v the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la touch_v the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o which_o there_o be_v great_a variety_n of_o opinion_n for_o it_o be_v not_o for_o aught_o i_o can_v ever_o learn_v find_v any_o where_n upon_o record_n justice_n rastall_a account_n it_o to_o have_v be_v make_v 51_o of_o h._n 3._o and_o with_o he_o agree_v a_o old_a manuscript_n which_o i_o have_v see_v it_o may_v well_o be_v for_o in_o one_o of_o the_o statute_n you_o shall_v find_v a_o pardon_n to_o humphrey_n earl_n of_o boham_n earl_n of_o hertford_n and_o essex_n constable_n of_o england_n and_o to_o roger_n bygott_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n and_o suffolk_n marshal_v of_o england_n who_o both_o live_v in_o that_o time_n tho._n of_o walsingham_n in_o his_o history_n of_o england_n say_v it_o be_v make_v in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o ed._n 1._o he_o recite_v the_o statute_n de_fw-fr verbo_fw-la in_o verbum_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o print_a book_n otherwise_o i_o shall_v have_v think_v he_o have_v mean_v another_o statute_n against_o imposition_n make_v indeed_o 25_o ed._n 1_o and_o find_v upon_o the_o record_n of_o that_o year_n in_o our_o print_a statute_n at_o large_a it_o be_v place_v last_o of_o all_o the_o statute_n of_o e._n 1._o though_o there_o be_v some_o disagreement_n about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n yet_o they_o all_o agree_v the_o occasion_n to_o be_v the_o lay_n of_o a_o great_a imposition_n upon_o wool_n the_o word_n of_o tho._n walsingham_n auxit_fw-la rex_fw-la tributum_fw-la lanae_fw-la ad_fw-la 40s._o cum_fw-la prius_fw-la ultra_fw-la dimidiam_fw-la mercam_fw-la non_fw-la daretur_fw-la tota_fw-la autem_fw-la comunitas_fw-la
year_n public_o read_v before_o the_o people_n that_o likewise_o twice_o every_o year_n there_o shall_v be_v excommunication_n solemn_o denounce_v to_o the_o breaker_n thereof_o that_o all_o statute_n and_o all_o judgement_n give_v against_o it_o shall_v be_v hold_v as_o void_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v receive_v and_o allow_v as_o the_o common-law_n by_o all_o such_o as_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n 1.2.3.4_o 25_o e._n 1_o cap._n 1.2.3.4_o and_o it_o have_v be_v no_o less_o than_o 29_o time_n solemn_o confirm_v in_o parliament_n i_o will_v therefore_o with_o so_o much_o the_o more_o care_n endeavour_n to_o free_v this_o law_n from_o all_o the_o objection_n that_o have_v be_v make_v against_o it_o the_o first_o objection_n do_v tend_v to_o the_o diminish_n of_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o statute_n answer_v the_o first_o objection_n that_o it_o extend_v only_o to_o merchant-stranger_n answer_v as_o touch_v the_o person_n who_o it_o may_v concern_v for_o it_o have_v be_v collect_v out_o of_o the_o latter_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n that_o it_o shall_v extend_v only_o to_o merchants-aliens_a and_o not_o to_o denizen_n first_o it_o be_v improbable_a that_o the_o maker_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v more_o careful_a to_o provide_v for_o the_o indemnity_n of_o merchant-stranger_n than_o of_o english_a except_o perhaps_o they_o may_v imagine_v that_o english_a merchant_n be_v already_o sufficient_o provide_v for_o by_o the_o common-law_n if_o that_o be_v their_o reason_n as_o there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o that_o i_o can_v imagine_v it_o do_v as_o much_o maintain_v my_o opinion_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v contain_v within_o the_o statute_n again_o the_o word_n be_v general_a all_o merchant_n and_o qui_fw-la omnes_fw-la dixerit_fw-la nullos_fw-la excipit_fw-la beside_o the_o statute_n be_v a_o beneficial_a law_n in_o which_o case_n particular_a and_o special_a word_n do_v always_o admit_v a_o general_a extent_n and_o therefore_o to_o restrain_v general_a word_n as_o the_o objector_n will_v be_v against_o all_o reason_n and_o rule_v of_o law_n as_o for_o the_o latter_a word_n it_o be_v true_a they_o do_v indeed_o extend_v only_o to_o merchant-stranger_n but_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o first_o sentence_n be_v perfect_a without_o this_o and_o as_o long_o as_o no_o absurdity_n nor_o contradiction_n do_v follow_v by_o interpret_n the_o first_o word_n to_o extend_v to_o all_o merchant_n in_o general_a and_o the_o latter_a only_o to_o merchant-stranger_n the_o most_o ample_a and_o beneficial_a construction_n be_v ever_o the_o best_a as_o in_o all_o other_o statute_n of_o this_o nature_n but_o this_o objection_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n clear_o remove_v by_o 2._o statute_n make_v by_o ed._n 3._o in_o declaration_n of_o this_o very_a clause_n the_o first_o be_v 2_o ed._n 3._o c._n 8._o the_o word_n be_v all_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o privy_n may_v go_v and_o come_v with_o their_o merchandize_n into_o england_n after_o the_o tenure_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n i_o take_v it_o that_o privy_n in_o this_o place_n be_v the_o very_a word_n that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o original_a which_o be_v in_o french_a aught_o to_o be_v understand_v denizen_n for_o otherwise_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v have_v be_v join_v to_o the_o word_n stranger_n by_o a_o conjunction_n disjunctive_a which_o be_v usual_a where_o the_o word_n be_v of_o one_o sense_n and_o not_o by_o a_o copulative_a as_o here_o it_o be_v beside_o i_o take_v the_o word_n privy_a to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o latin_a privatus_fw-la which_o signify_v a_o particular_a property_n as_o res_fw-la privata_fw-la a_o man_n own_o private_a estate_n so_o mercatores_fw-la privati_fw-la our_o own_o merchant_n that_o merchant-stranger_n shall_v be_v first_o name_v be_v common_a in_o statute_n and_o record_n the_o next_o statute_n explain_v this_o of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v 14_o ed._n 3._o c._n 2._o the_o word_n be_v whereas_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o great_a charter_n that_o all_o merchant_n shall_v have_v safe_a conduct_n etc._n etc._n we_o grant_v that_o all_o merchant_n denizen_n and_o forrein_n may_v free_o pass_v etc._n etc._n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o mere_a declaration_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o second_o objection_n make_v against_o this_o branch_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la answer_v the_o second_o objection_n that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap_n 30._o be_v make_v only_o against_o tax_n within_o the_o land_n answer_v be_v that_o the_o meaning_n thereof_o be_v to_o secure_v the_o merchant_n not_o from_o a_o new_a increase_n of_o custom_n to_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o king_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o their_o entrance_n or_o go_v out_o of_o the_o port_n such_o as_o our_o imposition_n be_v but_o from_o certain_a petty_a exaction_n as_o toll_v and_o such_o like_a which_o be_v then_o usual_o demand_v of_o they_o within_o the_o land_n by_o the_o town_n through_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v and_o where_o they_o sell_v their_o merchandise_n for_o the_o far_a remedy_n of_o which_o there_o be_v afterward_o divers_a statute_n make_v which_o do_v evident_o manifest_v that_o such_o be_v the_o mischief_n and_o they_o do_v the_o rather_o make_v this_o collection_n because_o of_o the_o word_n buy_v and_o sell_v without_o evil_a tolt_n for_o say_v they_o imposition_n be_v not_o pay_v upon_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o merchandise_n but_o when_o they_o be_v to_o ship_n or_o unship_v they_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o word_n toll_n which_o proper_o be_v a_o exaction_n for_o passage_n within_o the_o land_n or_o for_o sale_n in_o market_n or_o fair_n these_o objection_n notwithstanding_o i_o hold_v it_o somewhat_o clear_a that_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v principal_o to_o secure_a merchant_n touch_v imposition_n my_o first_o argument_n be_v draw_v ab_fw-la authoritate_fw-la from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o sage_a man_n in_o great_a place_n and_o office_n within_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o time_n wherein_o they_o live_v and_o who_o also_o can_v so_o much_o the_o better_a judge_n of_o the_o true_a meaneng_n of_o this_o statute_n in_o that_o they_o live_v so_o near_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_v thereof_o even_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o next_o king_n save_o one_o to_o he_o that_o make_v this_o statute_n i_o mean_v those_o who_o make_v the_o ordinance_n in_o 5._o ed._n 2._o heretofore_o divers_a time_n mention_v by_o i_o who_o in_o allege_v their_o reason_n against_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la do_v among_o other_o thing_n say_v that_o the_o same_o be_v make_v against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o grief_n conceive_v against_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la other_o than_o the_o imposition_n by_o colour_n thereof_o lay_v upon_o foreign_a commodity_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o ordinance_n that_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n if_o then_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la be_v by_o they_o 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only_o to_o the_o next_o precedent_n word_n buy_v and_o sell_v but_o also_o to_o the_o former_a word_n enter_v and_o return_v and_o more_o principal_o to_o they_o then_o to_o any_o other_o for_o to_o have_v provide_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o those_o petty_a exaction_n of_o toll_n in_o market_n and_o for_o pass_v through_o city_n and_o town_n and_o to_o leave_v they_o subject_n to_o imposition_n to_o be_v lay_v on_o at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n have_v be_v but_o a_o slender_a security_n this_o exposition_n of_o i_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o record_n here_o among_o we_o of_o 16._o hen._n 3._o no_o long_o than_o seven_o year_n after_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n command_v his_o officer_n at_o the_o port_n to_o signify_v to_o all_o merchant_n that_o they_o may_v with_o safety_n enter_v into_o his_o kingdom_n pay_v the_o rightful_a and_o ancient_a custom_n nec_fw-la timeant_fw-la