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A45696 The history of the union of the four famous kingdoms of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland wherein is demonstrated that by the prowess and prudence of the English, those four distinct and discordant nations have upon several conquests been entirely united and devolved into one commonwealth, and that by the candor of clemency and deduction of colonies, alteration of laws, and communication of language, according to the Roman rule, they have been maintained & preserved in peace and union / by a Lover of truth and his country. M. H. 1659 (1659) Wing H91B; ESTC R40537 48,954 164

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by sentence confirmed and by arms and reasons approved Especially against Edward the third King of England who for that he drew his pedigree by a female though he was the nearer in blood Philip. le Bell the next Heir Male was by the law Salique preferred before him which excluding females was adjudged to exclude all the descendents by females and therefore was Philip received and crowned King of France and Edward the third because his Kingdome was not then setled and he but young did homage to King Philip for the Dutchy of Guyen and other territories in France though afterwards when he had arrived to the years of maturity and manhood upon more mature deliberation of the partial interpretation of that law and the instigation of the Earl of Artois a great Peer of France affirming that he had more right to that Crown then the other he by Armes attempted to recover and conjoyn that Kingdome to the Crown of England and by his invincible sword obtained many wondrous victories But he yielding to Fate before he had accomplished his intention his successors Henry the 5th and Henry the 6th renewed the said honourable War and by their victorious Armes so prevailed that Henry the 6th was Crowned in Paris King of France and had finish'd that glorious work whereby the Kingdome of France had been annexed and united to the Kingdome of England but that the civil Wars between the houses of York and Lancaster in England impeded the same as Philippus Comineus Secretary to Lewis the 11th King of France ingeniously acknowledgeth by which disaster the hopeful union of the Kingdome of France with the Kingdome of England by marriage unhappily was prevented and utterly frustrated And as for the inconstancy and deficiency of such unions I will onely instance in one which was thought most happy and durable in this Nation and that was the union of the two famous Kingdomes of England and Scotland transacted by James the 6. King of Scotland who was by marriage lineally descended of the Lady Margaret Eldest Daughter to Henry the 7th King of England and Eldest Sister of King Henry the 8th Father of Elizabeth Queen of England by whose decease she being the last of issue of Henry the 8th the Kingdome of England did lineally and rightfully descend to the said James King of Scetland by which natural conjunction those two discordant Kingdomes of England and Scotland were fortunately and peaceably united under one imperial Crown An union magnified and applauded of both Nations and yet not lasting above one descent The Scotch revolting first and then the English to the confusion of both Kingdomes and changing them both into one Commonwealth which verifies the Italian proverb Kings may wed but Kingdoms never The third union of Kingdomes is by conquest which is most general and more durable For as Sir Francis Bacon the most part of unious and plantations of Kingdomes and Commonwealths have been founded by conquest which is manifested as well by forraig● Annals as by native occurrences as by the sequel will appear But not to entrench upon your patience by the tedious relations of the unions of Nations which were made by the conquests of the Assyrians Medes and Persians and Graecians I will insist only on those that were gained by the glorious sword of the Romans which for extent and durance surpassed all the rest The Roman Commonwealth and Empire for the extents and dignity of it is by the Civilians called Caput sedes imperii orbis and by Athaeneus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the head seat and Epitome of the Empire of the whole world according to the verse Orbem jam totum victor Romanus habebat And therefore did the Emperors sometimes stile themselves Domini mundi the Lords of the world Grotius de J. B. P. lib. 2. cap. 22. which speeches though Grotius saith are per excessum excellentiam dicta spoken by the excess and excellency Bodin de Repub. lib. 1. cap. 9. and Bodin that in Trajans time when it most flourished Vix trigessimam orbis terrarum partem complecti potuisset it scarce could contain the thirtieth part of the whole earth yet it is doubtfull to none but that it did contain the best and most flourishing parts of Europe Africa and Asia in Caesars time Patritius de Princip lib. 1. Cujus solum nomen Parthorum Indorum Reges somnum capere non siuebat whose fame only would not permit the Kings of the Parthians and Indians to sleep which were the remotest parts of Asia at which time the Roman Empire was in its youthful strength and robust maturity as Florus saith Hic jam ipsa juventa imperii quasi quaedam robusta maturitas But to demonstrate how by degrees it rowled up to such a vast greatness and first because commonly irreconcileable contests and contentions happen between vicine and bordering Nations as the Poet. Inter finitimes vetus atque antiqua simultas Juven Satyr 15. Immortale odium nunquam sanabile vulnus The Romans did first augment their state by the conquest and unions of their neighbouring Countries as Ninus did Justin l. 1. Qui primus bellum intulit finitimis who first made War with the borderers and so as Caesar saith Caesar l. 6. de Bello Gallico did the Germans who deemed it proprium virtutis an especial virtue to expel their neighbors from their fields and not suffer them to dare to consist near them For so saith he did they think themselves more safe repentinae incursionis timore sublato the fear of sudden incursions being taken away for which reason Danaeus propounds this for an Aphorisme Danaeus Aphorism fo 108. Vicini populi nimiam crescentis potentta mature est quacunque occasione deprimenda The power of a too-much-increasing neighbour is speedily upon any occasion to be suppressed Which therefore was the constant course the Romans steered in their first march to subdue their potent neighbours and by which work they made way for the Conquest of the other parts of the world For after they within the space of five hundred years with much difficulty had brought into subjection the Sabins Florns l. 2. c. 1. the Albanes the Latines and all other the adjoyning people of Italy and so became Caput Italiae within the two hundred years following with their victorious arms did they overcome Africa Europe Asia and all the world and were therefore worthily intituled Caput totius orbis terrarum And as the Romans by valour did subdue their enemies bodies so by their wisdome did they subjugate their minds which was the greatest victory and by degrees reduced them into a sociable union with them and of enemies made them their friends and Citizens As Claudius in Tacitus saith of Romulus Tacit. Aun l. 11. Conditor noster Romusus tanta sapientiâ valuit ut pleresque populos codem die hostes dein cives habuerit Our founder Romulus was of so great