Jews rather to get a Livelihood then out of Affection to Christ or Christianity pretended to be Converts for about Ten years after they were all Banished the Kingdom as appears by these Writs De Judaeis Regno Angliae Exeuntibus Of the Jews going out of England Claus 18 Ed. I. M. 6. And De passagio conductu Judaeorum Angliae for the Passage and Conduct of the Jews of England Pat. 18 Ed. I. M. 14. In the Tenth of this King 7 Mat. West f. 410. n. 50. A. D. 1282. The Welsh surprise the King 's Justitiary Lewelin Prince of Wales and his Brother David on Palm-Sunday night surprised the Lord Roger de Clifford the King 's Justiciary there killed many of his Servants wounded bound and sent him Prisoner to the Mountain of Snowdon committing great Ravages killing the People and destroying a great part of the Marches The King scarce believing the News at first upon better Information sent the Barons of the Exchequer and Justices of the Bench Justiciarios de Banco to Shrewsbury to put the Laws in Execution and followed them with an Army built a large Bridge over the River Conwey of Boats or as the Historian says Ships and possessed himself of the Country about Snowdon and gave many Shares of those Lands to his Barons and others that had faithfully assisted him Over this Bridge many of the Nobles of the King's Army passed out of Anglesey to view and observe the Country who affrighted with the Multitude and Clamour of the Welsh coming upon them hasting to return from whence they came were drowned in their Passage The Welsh incouraged by this Accident which they would have a Miracle non infortunio sed miraculo ascribentes pressed their Prince to Act like a Man of Courage and it would not be long e're according to Merlin's Prophecy he should wear the Crown of Brute Whereupon with a great Army he descended into the Plains and left his Brother David to defend the Mountains Where Edmund the Son of the Famous Roger Mortimer then dead with some other Marchers set upon them and without considerable damage to themselves The Welsh routed Lewlin's Head struck off slew a great number of the Welsh in which Conflict Lewelin's Head was struck off presented to the King and sent to London and set upon the Tower Walsingham 8 F. 50. n. 10 20. A. D. 1283. Relates this Story in the year 1283 the 11th of Edward I. and that this Battle was six days before the Feast of St. Lucy that year and says that the Welsh besieged Rothelan Castle now Radland in Flintshire and that upon King Edward's coming towards them they quitted the Siege and retired Tho. Wikes Reports it in the year 1281 and varies also from the others in the Story it self and whether any of them be true in that or not certain it is they are all false in the time as is evident from the Records hereafter cited The King 9 Append. n. 7. to the Sheriff of Norf. and Suff. Greeting Whereas Lewelin the Son of Griffin and other Welshmen his Accomplices and our Enemies and Rebels have so often in the times of us and our Progenitors disturbed the Peace of England and do still continue in the same Course And for that by the Advice of our Great Men and the whole Community of the Land we propound finally to repress their Rebellion and Instability so as it shall not be in their power to disturb the Peace of the Nation when they please altho it seems to be a very great Charge and Difficult Vndertaking We Command you that you cause to come before us on the Octaves of St. Hillary i. e. Jan. 20. at Northampton or before our Commissioners all those of your Bayliwick that have 20 l. a year and upwards who are able and fit to bear Arms who are not at present with us in our Expedition against the Welsh And Four Knights of each County for the Four Knights summoned to meet for every County For every City Burgh and Mercat Town two Men. Community of the same Counties having full power from them and also of every City Burgh and Mercate Town Two Men Duos homines for the Communities of the same to hear and do those things which on our behalf we shall cause to be shewn unto them c. Witness the King at Rothelan the 24th day of November in the 11th year of his Reign The like Precept was to the Sheriffs of all Counties in England to cause to meet c. at Northampton except to the Sheriffs of Yorkshire Cumberland VVestmerland Northumberland and Lancashire who were Commanded to cause c. to meet at York The like Precept was to the * Rot. Wall 11 Ed. I. M. 4. Archbishop of Canterbury to cause all his Suffragans Abbats Priors and other Prefects of Religious Houses Procurators of Deans and Chapters of Collegiate Churches to come before the King or his Commissioners at the same time and place to hear and do as before and further to give their Counsel and Assistance happily to finish what he had begun to the Praise and Honour of God the Magnificence of his Fame ad magnificentiam nostrae famae to the perpetual Peace and Tranquility of the whole Kingdom Witness as before The like was to the Arch-Bishop of York for the Meeting of the Clergy of that Province at York After this the King wrote 1 Rot. Walliae 11 Ed. I. M. 4. De potestate data petendi procurandi subsidium Regis in Expeditione Regis Wall The King demands a Subsidy and injoins the form of it Pope Nich. died Aug. 22. 1280 and Martin IV. succeeded Febr. 22. the same year Walsingham says it was in the year 1281 and according to Truth to the Venerable Fathers in Christ the Bishops Abbats Priors Deans Chapters of the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches of the Province of York and their Proctors To the Knights Freemen Communities and all others of every County beyond Trent that were to meet on the Octaves of Hillary or 20th of January then near at hand That for the Suppressing of the Welsh c. and Establishing a perpetual Peace in England which he intended with his whole Heart he had given Power to the Arch-Bishop of York and Anthony Bek Arch-Deacon of Duresm his Secretary to ask and procure in his Name according to the Form to them by him delivered and injoined a Subsidy to his Use of his Subjects of every Bishoprick and County beyond Trent plenam damus potestatem petendi procurandi nomine nostro juxta formam per nos eis inde Traditam injunctam subsidium ad opus nostrum c. Commanding and Requiring them to give Credit to what the Arch-Bishop and Anthony should say about the Premisses and to perform what they should propound to them on his behalf Ex parte nostra Witness the King at Rothelan the 6th day of January in the 11th of his
impassable in the Winter Season diverted his Intention and so as he sent to the Besieged wanting Victuals to yield the Castle saving their Lives and Limbs At Berwick the King remained until after Christmas and the Queen at Windsor but what he did there I find not other than that he issued his 2 Writs dated at this place December 29th A Parlement to begin the Second Sunday in Lent for the calling of a Parlement at London to meet on the Second Sunday in Lent In which the Charter of the Forest and Magna Charta with A. D. 1300. 28 Ed. I. Artic supra Chartas in the Preamble In which the Charters c. were confirmed and a new Statute made the Statute of Winchester were Renewed and Confirmed and a new Statute made called Articles upon the Charters Printed in the Statutes at Large Coke's Second Institutes and Totel's Magna Charta and then it was ordered they should be published by the Sheriffs four times in the year For the observation whereof where there was no Remedy at Common Law there were Three Knights chosen in every County summarily to hear and determine from day to day all Plaints concerning such as had offended against them the King's Ministers not excepted without allowing any delays allowable by the Common Law who had power to punish Offenders by Imprisonment Ransom or Amerciament according as the Fault required To this purpose the King 2 Claus 28 Ed. I. M. 11. Dors Three Knights chosen in every County to see the new Statute observed 3 Ibm. M. 8. Dors Which was to be read and published four times in the year issued his Writs to all the Sheriffs Coroners and Communities of Counties in England to choose Three Knights to be at York on the Morrow of Ascention to receive Instructions accordingly Witness the King at Westminster March 27th in the 28th of his Reign And likewise sent out other 3 Writs to all the Sheriffs in England by which he Commanded them to Read the Charters and publish them four times in the year on the first County days after Easter St. John Baptist Michaelmass and Christmass and as much as in them was to see them firmly holden and kept in all their Articles Witness the King at Westminster March 28. in the 28th of his Reign Within less then three weeks after he also directed 4 Ib. M. 7. Dors The Reason why the King granted the Statute called Articles upon the Charters Writs to all the Sheriffs in England to let them know That the People might be more ready for his Service and willing to assist him with Subsidies upon Occasion he had upon special Grace and Favour Granted the Articles upon the Charters so much to their advantage and Commanded them to proclaim them in the County Court and all Burghs and Mercate Towns within their Counties or Bayliwicks and to cause them to be firmly observed and performed Witness the King at St. Albans the 15th of April in the 28th of his Reign And a fortnight before he had directed his 5 Ib. M. 8. Dors He appoints Commissioners to make Perambulations of the Forests Writs to several Commissioners in all Counties where there were Forests to make Perambulations and to receive Instructions about them on the Morrow of the Feast of Ascention with a Charge that thro' their neglect they might not remain undone Witness the King at Westminster April 1. in the 28th of his Reign Yet all these Writs and Commissions satisfied not the Earls The Earls and Barons not satisfied with these things Barons and others they still murmured and pretended that the Perambulations would not be really made or speedily performed Whereupon as Walsingham saith 6 Fol. 80. n. 10 20. He calls a Parlement at Stanford The Earls and Barons came with Horse and Arms. The King grants their Demands the King held a Parlement at Stanford to which the Earls and Barons came with Force with intention as 't was said to extort the full Execution of the Charter of the Forest then delayed Ad quod Parliamentum convenerunt Comites Barones eum equis armis eo prout dicebatur proposito ut executionem Chartae de Foresta hactenus dilatam extorquerent ad plenum To whose Will the King condescended eorum voluntati in omnibus Rex condescendit and granted what they demanded At this time he sent the Statute of 7 Claus 28 Ed. I. M. 7. Dors The Statute of Winchester to be proclaimed c. Winchester inclosed to all the Sheriffs in England as it had been Confirmed and Renewed See Articles upon the Charters Cap. 17th to be Proclaimed and with Command they should see it firmly Observed and Kept in all and singular its Articles Witness the King at Stanford May the Second in the 28th of his Reign Then Eight Days after 8 Pat. 28 Ed. I. M. 14. The Commission to three Knights c. renewed at the Request of the Prelates Earls and Barons the King being at St. Edmunds-Bury at the Request of the Prelates Earls Barons and others to Quiet tho' perhaps not Please or Satisfie them he renewed his Commission to three Knights and others Elected in each County to see the Articles of the Great Charter the Charter of the Forest and Statute of Winchester observed and to punish all Offences against them not punishable by the Common Law of the Realm And this by speedy Justice and quick Proceedings upon Complaints from Day to Day without allowance of such Delays as the Common Law admitted Yet with a Saving to the Common Law that it might not hereby receive Prejudice or any Plea to be holden by these Commissions that might be Determined by it Witness the King at St. Edmunds-Bury May 10. in the 28th of his Reign There are two Writs upon the same Roll and Membrane dated The Sheriffs to assist these Commissioners And to Swear them faithfully to Execute their Office on the same Day and at the same Place to the Sheriffs of every County to be Assistant to these Commissioners so often as they should give them Notice and to impower them to Swear the Commissioners in full County well and faithfully to Execute their Office For the Receiving of the Returns of the Perambulations of the A Parlement called for the receiving the Returns of the Perambulations of the Forest Forests and Hearing and Determining all just Exceptions against them the King Summoned a Parlement to meet at Lincoln eight Days after St. Hilary or 20th of January 9 Claus 25. E. I. M. 9. Dors To meet at Lincoln Eight days after St. Hilary The Writ to the Sheriff of Cumberland containing That whereas of late for the comcommon Profit of the People of the Kingdom he had granted that the Charter of the Forest should be observed in all its Articles and had assigned Commissioners in every County of England where there were Forests to make Perambulations and to make Report to him before any
2. A. D. 1317. Two Cardinals sent to make Peace between Engl. and Scotland Cardinals into England Ganselin by the Title of the Saints Marcellin and Peter Priest Cardinal and Lucas by the Title of St. Mary in the Broad-way Deacon Cardinal 9 to make Peace between the Two Kingdoms of England and Scotland and reconcile the Earl of Lancaster to the King 1 c. 59 4. D. 50 and the King and E. or Lanc. Sir Tho. de la Moor says they were made Friends in a Plain near Leicester and that they embraced and kissed each other 2 f. 110. n. 20. Walsingham says Peace was made between them upon certain Conditions and that not long after the King unjustly brake them They 3 Wals f. 109. n. 50. f. 111. n. 40. d la Moor ut supra They Excommunicate Rob. Brus and put Scotland under Interdict both say these Cardinals brought with them the Pope's Bulls by which they Excommunicated Robert Brus and put the Kingdom of Scotland under Interdict for their Defection from and Disobedience to the King of England unless he and they submited to him This Year 4 Ibm. de la Moor says Robert Brus manfully and by force took Berwick killing none that would yield 5 f. 111. n 50. A. D. 1318. Walsingham reports it was betrayed by the Governour Peter Spalding and sold to the Scots to the great Disturbance of the King Neither King nor Kingdom of Scotland valued much this Excommunication Neither Rob. Brus nor the Kingdom of Scotland valued the Excommunication or Interdict and Interdict or at least Robert Brus's Friends or those of his Party never considered or regarded it for in the 11th of this King the Year following he summoned a Parlement to meet on the morrow of Holy Trinity at Lincoln 6 Rot. Claus 11 Ed. II. M. 3. Dors The Scots invade England which he revoked for this reason That his Enemies and Rebels the Scots had invaded England and come into Yorkshire commiting many Murders Plundering Wasting and Burning the Country so as he resolved suddenly to march against them with an Army to restrain their Incursions and bring them to a Submission and therefore the Parlement not to meet According to this Resolution in Autumn this year 7 De la Moor f. 595. l. 1 c. The King besieged Berwick the King marched with a great Army to besiege Berwick the Scots on the other side of the Country invaded England spoiling wasting and burning as far as York 8 Ibm. and Walsingh Hist f. 112. n. 20 30. A Truce with the Scots for Two years which caused the King to raise the Siege of Berwick and consented to a Truce for Two years In the Twelfth of this King the Earl of Lancaster Governed and Directed all things 9 Append. n. 61. To him certain Prelates Earls and Barons by the Will of the King and Assent of many Great Men of the Realm and others of the King's Council being then at Northampton went to Discourse and Treat about the Honour and Profit of the King and Realm and it was agreed between them That Bishops Earls and Barons should remain with him to Advise him in such Matters as concerned him until his next Parlement and concerning this and other Matters an Indenture was made in the Form following This 1 Ibm. The Indenture of Agreement between the King the Earl of Lancaster and other Great Men. Indenture Witnesseth That the Honourable Fathers the Arch-Bishop of Dublin the Bishops of Ely Norwich and Chichester the Earls of Pembroke and Arundel Monsieur Roger de Mortimer Monsieur John Somery Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere Monsieur Ralph Basset and Monsieur John Botetourt by the Will and Assent of the King have Discoursed with the Earl of Lancaster concerning the things touching the Profit of himself and the Realm in the Form following To wit That the Bishops of Norwich Chichester Ely Salisbury St. Davids Carlisle Hereford and Worcester the Earls of Pembroke Richmond Hereford and Arundel Sir Hugh de Courteny Sir Roger de Mortimer Sir John de Segrave Sir John de Grey and one of the Banerets of the Earl of Lancaster which he shall Name should remain with the King for one quarter of a year until the next Parlement and that Two Bishops One Earl One Baron and One Baneret of the Earl of Lancaster's at least should always be with him and that all considerable Matters that might or ought to be done out of Parlement should be done by their Assent otherwise to be void and amended in Parlement by the Award of the Peers and such as should remain with the King Quarterly shall be chosen and assigned out of them and others in Parlement to Act and Advise the King as aforesaid And the abovesaid Prelates Earls and Barons by the Will and Assent of the King undertook That he should Release and Acquit the Earl of Lancaster ses gentz ses meignees his People Followers or Retinue or as now those of his Party of all manner of Felonies and Trespasses against the Peace until the day of St. James this year and that the Charters of Release and Acquittance should be plain and absolute without Condition and if better Security for them might be found at the next Parlement they should have it and there Confirmed by the King and his Baronage And the Earl of Lancaster granted That he would make Releases and Acquittances to all those that on behalf of the King should demand them of Trespasses done to his Person as soon as the things aforesaid should be Confirmed nor that he would bring Suit of Felony against any one from the time they had his Letters saving to him all Plaints Actions and Suits which he had against the Earl of Warren and all those that were assenting and aiding to the Felonies and Trespasses which the Earl had committed against him against the King's Peace And that the Ordinances be kept and observed as they are under the King 's Great Seal And that these things abovesaid should be performed and kept in all Points The Honourable Fathers in God the Arch-Bishops of Canterbury and Dublin the Bishops of Norwich Ely Chichester Salisbury Chester or Litchfield Hereford and Worcester the Earls Marshal Edmond his Brother the Earls of Richmond Hereford Ulster Arondel and Anegos Sir Roger de Mortimer Sir John de Somery Sir John de Hastings Sir John de Segrave Sir Henry de Beaumont Sir Hugh le Dispenser le fuiz Sir John de Grey Sir Richard de Grey Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere Sir Robert de Mohant Sir Ralph Bassel Sir Walter de Norwich have undertaken by the Will and Assent of the King In Witness whereof the Prelates Earls and Barons aforesaid have put their Seals to one part of this Indenture and the Earl of Lancaster hath put his Seal to the other Written at Leek whether in Staffordshire Warwickshire or Yorkshire it appears not the 9th day of
Knighton col 2549. n. 50 60. sent to the King then Prisoner in Kenelworth-Castle Three Bishop's Two Earls Two Barons Two Abbots and Two Justices amongst whom was Sir William Trussell before noted Proxy to the whole Parlement to Resign their Homage and Fealty to the King which he did in this manner 8 Append. n. 73. Homage and Fealty resigned to K. Edw. I William Trussel Procurator of the Prelates Earls and Barons and other People in my Procuracy named having for this full and sufficient Power do Resign and Deliver up to you Edward King of England as to the King before this Hour the Homage and Fealty of the Persons in my Procuracy named and do Return them upon you Edward and make Quit or Free the Persons aforesaid in the best manner that Law and Custom may do it And do make Protestation in the Name of those that will not for the future be in your Fealty or Allegiance nor claim to hold any thing of you as King but shall hold you as a Private Person without any manner of Royal Dignity Sir Thomas de la Moor 9 f. 600. n. 40 50. tells us who the Three Bishops were John Straifort Bishop of Winchester Adam de Torleton Bishop of Hereford and Henry Burwash Bishop of Lincoln Three Principal Companions The Bishops of Lincoln and Winchester circumvent the King by Promises and Threats in transacting this Affair The Bishops of Winchester and Lincoln came before the rest to the King who with his Keeper the Earl of Lancaster persuaded him to resign his Crown to his Son and circumvented the King promising him as much Honour after his Resignation as before and on the other hand threatned him if he would not the People should yield up their Homage and Fealty and repudiate his Sons and Choose one not of Royal Blood With these and other importune Promises and Threats they obtained their Desires And then the Bishop of Hereford 1 Ib. f. 601. lin 4. c. brought in all the other Commissioners sent by the Parlement into the King's Chamber where the whole Matter they came for was dispatched not without great Grief and Reluctancy from the King Walsingham 2 f. 126. n. 20 30. reports all the Nobility met at London on the morrow of or day after Twelfth-day in Parlement and Judged the King Vnfit to Rule and for several Reasons to be Deposed and his Son Prince Edward to be chosen King Of which when the Queen had notice 3 Ibm. The Queen outwardly sorrowful she was full of Grief outwardly ut foris apparuit But the Prince affected with this outward Passion of his Mother would not accept the Title against his Father's Will and Consent Et 4 Ibm. n. 40 50. The Prince unwilling to receive the Crown juravit quod invito Patre nunquam susciperet Coronam Regni The King when he received this News by the Commissioners was much disturbed and said since it could be no otherwise he thanked them for choosing his First Born Son making his Resignation and delivering up the Royal Ensigns and Tokens of Sovereignty The Commissioners returning to the Parlement at K. Ed. resigns London with the King's Answer and the Royal Ensigns made the Rabble 5 Ibm. His Son made King rejoice and presently the whole Community of the Kingdom admitted Edward a Youth of Fourteen Years of Age to be their King on the 20th Day of January which they would have to be the First Day of his Reign And from that time he acted as King before his Coronation as may appear by the 6 Claus 1 Ed. III. Part. 1. M. 28. Append. n. 74. Writ to all the Sheriffs of England to proclaim his Peace The King to the Sheriff of Yorkshire Greeting Because Edward Note this Writ late King of England our Father by Common Council and Assent of the Prelates Earls Barons and other Great Men and also of the Communities of the said Kingdom of his own Free Will removed himself from the Government of the said Kingdom Willing and Granting That we as his First-Born and Heir of the Kingdom should take upon us the Rule and Government And we yielding to the Good Pleasure of our Father by the Counsel and Advisement of the Prelates Earls Barons Great Men and Communities aforesaid have taken upon us the Government of the said Kingdom and received the Homages and Fealties of the said Prelates and Great Men according to Custom Therefore desiring our Peace for the Quiet and Tranquillity of our People to be inviolably observed we Command That presently after sight of these Presents you cause our Peace publickly to be proclaimed through your whole Bailiwic forbidding all and singular under the pain of Disinheriting and losing Life and Member That they presume not to infringe or violate our Peace but that all Men do prosecute their Suits and Actions without violence according to the Laws and Customs of the Land c. Witness the King at Westminster the 29th of January On the First of February being Sunday he was Crowned In the time between his being declared King and his Coronation the Londoners fearing themselves for their Cruelty against the Bishop of Excester to palliate their Wickedness 7 Hist Sacr. f. 367. vol. 1. The Londoners sorce the Bishops to swear to maintain and desend all the Rights Liâ—e ries of the City interim Londinenses sibi metuentes de crudelitate Patrata in Episcopum Exoniensem ad palliandum iniquitatem eorum c. forced the Arch-Bishops of Canterbury York and Dublin and the other Bishops which came to the Parlement to come to their Guild-Hall where all the Bishops except the Arch-Bishop of York the Bishops of London and Carlisle Sware to maintain and defend the Rights and Liberties of the City in the presence of the Earl of Kent and an immense Multitude who came to see the Silliness of the Bishops how they Sacrificed to Mahomet 8 Ibm. In presentia Comitis Cantiae multitudinis immensae qui ad videndum fatuitatem Episcoporum quo modo Mahumeto Sacrificabant confluxerunt The Bishop of Rochester protested The Bishop of Rochester's Protestation before a Publick Notary and Witnesses especially called That it was not his Intention to Swear but saving his Order and saving all Things contained in Magna Charta The King was all this time 9 De la Moor f. 601 602 603. The Nation begins to be sensible of the King's Condition Prisoner in Kenelworth-Castle not knowing what further they were doing The Nation observing what had been done seeing the Queen engaged and the Prince carried along with them not then perhaps suspecting or in the least understanding the Designs of the Heads and Privado's of the Faction began to be sensible of the King's Condition and to consider the Pretences of his Enemies and to think how they might be kind to him and prevent further Mischief His Keeper the Earl