Founder of the University of Paris borrowed those Lights which have since glittered there About 867 the Danes had so weakened this City the second time that Osbright and Ella Kings of Northumberland brake easily through its VValls and fought the Danes in the City where both these valiant Princes were slain and the Danes remained Masters of it It was recovered again out of the Hands of the Danes by King Athelstane in 928 and was a City of sixteen hundred and twenty eight Mansions in the Reigns of Edward the the Confessor and William the Conqueror In 1069 the fourth year of the Conqueror's Reign Sweno the Dane and Edgar Atheling the lawful Prince of England with the Scots attacking this place the Normans siring the Suburbs the City took fire too and the Enemy entring at the same time Fire and Sword almost destroyed it Those few Citizens which escaped were made a Sacrifice to the Jealousie of William the Conqueror In the Reign of King Stephen Egberts Library the Cathedral and a great part of the City was burnt by a casual Fire Nor was the Cathedral rebuilt before the Reign of Edward I. At which time the Citizens also rebuilt the Walls of the City Richard II. made it a County incorporate by it self Annexing a small Territory to it on the West side in which the Archbishops of York enjoy the Rights of Palatines Richard III. began the Repair of the Castle which ended with his short Reign Henry VIII erected here a Court of Chancery for the North not much unlike the Parliaments of France which lasted till the War in 1640 put a period to it Charles I. retired hither in 1641 when the Tumults of London forced him from thence This City stood firmly to him and had certainly restored him to his rightful Dominion and Authority had not the Scots broke their Faith and entred England the second time in 1644 who joyning with Manchester and Fairfax besieged this City with three Armies Prince Rupert came up and relieved it July 31. But the Kings Forces being defeated at Marstonmoor soon after July 16. this Loyal City was delivered up to the Parliament upon Honorable Terms and ill kept by the prosperous Rebels Long. 22 25. Lat. 54. 10. Cambden Yorkshire Eboracensis Comitatus the far greatest County of England Divided for Civil Affairs into three Ridings or smaller Counties Bounded on the North by the Bishoprick of Durham cut off by the River Tees on the West by Lancashire and Westmoreland on the South by Cheshire Darbyshire Nottingham and Lincolnshire cut off by the Humber On the whole Eastern side it is beaten by the German Sea In length from North to South near seventy Miles in breadth eighty in compass three hundred and eight inclosing five hundred and sixty three Parishes and forty nine Market Towns with many Chappels of Ease as large and populous as Parishes The East-riding is comprehended betwixt the River Derwent and the Sea being the least The North-riding extends as far as Westmorland and the West-riding which is the largest is bounded by the two other Ridings to the North the Counties of Derby and Nottingham with Cheshire to the South Lincolnshire to the East and Lancashire to the West The Air is generally temperate the Earth fruitful Affords besides Corn and Grass excellent Mines of Coal and Lead and Quarries of Stone Beside the Tees and Humber its mentioned boundaries and the Dun which separates a part of it from Lincolnshire Herâ— is the Swale You re Nyd Warfe Are Calder Derwent all falling into the Ouse at or below York and the Hull falling into the Humber at Hull The ancient Inhabitants of it were the Brigantes who were conquered by the Romans with great difficulty about the year 57. in the Reign of Nero. About the year 547. Ina Conquered this County and began the Kingdom of Northumberland of which this was a part After the Conquest the first and only Earl of York which we find upon Record is Otho of Bavaria in 1190. In 1385. Edmund of Langley fifth Son of Edward III. Earl of Cambridge was Created Duke of York In 1401. Edward his Son In 1415. Richard his Grandchild succeeded in this Duchy In 1474. Richard of Shrewsbury second Son of Edward IV. had this Title In 1495. Henry second Son of Henry VII who was after King of England had it In 1604. Charles second Son of King James I. In 1643. James second Son of Charles I. was Created Duke of York So that the three last Dukes of York have been afterwards Kings of England Youre a River in Yorkshire falling into the Ouse at York Rippon and Boroughbridge stand upon it Yperen or Ypres Hyprae a City in the Earldom of Flanders which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mechlin by the Institution of P. Paul IV. It is very strong and has a new Cittadel Taken by the French March 26. in 1678 and still in their Hands This City stands in a fruitful Plain upon a River of the same Name six Leagues from Newport to the South five from Courtray towards Calais and thirteen from Gand or Gaunt Yssel Isala Aliso Isla Fossa Drusiana a River in the Low Countries believed to be a Branch of the Rhine but indeed a Cut made by Drusius a Roman Prince and General under Augustus the Emperor It parts from the North Branch of the Rhine above Arnham and bearing North watereth Doesburg Zutphen Deventer Zwol Campen and parting the Velewe from Over-Yssel falls into the Zuyder Zee It took this Name from a smaller River called Alt-Yssel the Old Yssel which arising near Heyden in Cleve watereth Schermbeeck Ringeberg Weert Ysselburg Aenholt taking in the Aa Burg Dotekom and at Doesburg falls into this Cut or Branch of the Rhine Yvica See Ivica Yvoix a small but strong Town in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh upon the River Chiers four Leagues from Montmedi to the West twelve from Luxemburgh and two from Sedan to the East Taken and dismantled by the French in 1552. Refortified by the Spaniards and retaken by the French recovered by the Spaniards in 1637. And I believe returned under the French again Yupi a Kingdom in the Asiatick Tartary East of the Kingdom of Niuche Z A. ZAara or Saara a vast Desert in Africa extending from East to West between Biledulgerida to the North Nigritia to the South Nubia to the East and the Atlantick Ocean to the West The Seat of the ancient Getuli and Garamantes Modern Geographers have discovered some Towns Lakes and Riverâ— there which give names to the respective desarts about them Berdoa and Zuenziga are of this number But generally Sands Scorpions and Monsters Lions Tigers and Ostriches take up the Habitations of these Desarts Mar de Zabacche the same with Limen or the Palus Moeotis Zaberen Elsas Zabera Tabernae a City of the Lower Alsatia upon the River Sorr four German Miles from Strasburg to the West Called by the French Saverne The usual Residence of the Bishop of
this County Angola a Kingdom in Africa upon the South of the Kingdom of Congo Angote a City and Kingdom in the Upper Aethiopia Angoulesme Engolisma is an Episcopal City in Aquitaine in France under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux it stands upon the River Charme which falls into the Ocean right over against the Island of Orleron There is belonging to it also a Dukedom which is bounded upon the North with Poictou upon the East with Limosin upon the South with Pericort and upon the West with Xantogn This Dukedom is call'd by the name of Angoumois Angra the chief City of the Island of Tercera and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbon Anguien Enguien Angia a small City in Hainault between Mons and Brussels It has the Honor to give the Title of a Baron to the Princes of the House of Bourbon Anguilla is one of the Caribby Islands planted by the English it lies in 18 deg 21 min. Nor. Lat. and 330 of Longit. in length about 10 Leagues in breadth 3. formerly call'd Snake Island from its shape The Tobacco of this Island is well esteemed Anguillara a Town and Lake in the Padouan in the States of Venice § Also a Town in the States of the Church upon the Lake of Bracciano Anhalt a City almost ruin'd and a Principality but little considerable in the Upper Saxony in Germany watered by the River Sala The House of Anhalt has possessed the Electorates of Brandenburgh and Saxony for several Ages Anian a Streight supposed to be between Asia and America but could never yet be discovered where or whether there be any such Passage or no It is thought to lie North of China and Japan and to disjoyn the Eastern part of Asia from the Western part of America Anianâ—u a City in the Province of Chuqnami in China Aniava Aniwa a Promontory discovered by the Hollanders in the Terra de Jesso to the North of Japan Anigre Anigrus a River of the Morea Animacha a River arising in the Kingdom of Callecutt in the East-Indies which falls into the Ocean six Leagues off Cranagor giving its Name to a Town in its way Anjou Andegavia is one of the noblest Dukedoms of France bounded on the East with La Beausse on the West with Britain and part of Poictou on the South in part by Berry and in part by Poictou in which Circumference are included Anjou Tourein and Maine This Country is for the most part very fruitful and pleasant especially in Tourein and along the Loire Anjou properly so call'd is seated between Tourein and Maine and was so call'd from the Andegavi the old Inhabitants of it Henry II. King of England was Earl of Anjou by Inheritance from his Father as he was K. of England by Maud his Mother Daughter to Henry I. King John his Son lost it and ever since it has been annexed to the Crown of France or given to the younger Sons of that Royal Family Anna. See Ana. The Name also of a Town upon the River Astan in Arabia deserta Annaberg a City of Misnia in Germany upon the River Schop near Marienberg Annacious Annacieugi a People of Brasil in America towards Porto Seguro Annagh a Town in the County of Cavan in Vlster in Ireland § Another in the County of Down Anneci Annecium a neat City in Savoy with a Castle It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Geneva seated upon a Lake of the same name where the River Tioud issueth out of the Lake at the foot of the Mountain Saymenoz heretofore greater but now it is little and not well inhabited tho the See of the Bishops of Geneva has been translated thither above 100 years In this place resteth the Body of S. Francis de Sales who was Bishop and Prince of Geneva near the time of the Reformation of Calvâ—â— This City is 6 Leagues from Geneva South Annibi a Lake of North Tartary in Asia where there are Mountains of the same name Annobon an Island upon the Coast of Guiney 10 Leagues in circuit towards the Isle of S. Thomas The Portuguese gave it that name because they discovered it upon a New-Years Day Annonay Annonaeum Annoniacum a City with the Title of a Marquisate in the Province of Vivarets in France upon the River Deume Anone Anonium or Roque de Non a Town in the Milanese in Italy upon the River Tanaâ—â— almost ruin'd Anossi Carcanossi Androbeizaba a Province of the Isle of Madagascar There are some Colonies of French in it Anot a small City of Provence in France Anoth one of the Scilly Islands Anpadore Cataractus a River of Candia Ansa a River in the Province of Friuli in Italy It passes by Aqueleia to the Adriatique Ocean Anse a small City in the Province of Lyennois in France 4 Leagues from Lyons Made a Roman Garrison in the time of Augustus who gave it the name of Antium Ansene Angria a small City in Aegypt 20 Leagues from Cairo near the Nile Ansianactes a People of the Western part of the Isle of Madagascar Ansiquains Ansicani a People of Abyssinia commended for their Fidelity and Honesty Anslo or Opslo Anslooa a City of the Province of Aggerhuys in Norway with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim seated upon a Bay of the same name 35 Miles from the Baltick Sea Northward it has a Castle near it call'd Aggerhuslo This City was miserably ruin'd by Fire in the Reign of Christian IV. who rebuilt it in Anno 1614. and call'd it Christianstad from his own Name In this City were celebrated the Nuptials of James I. King of England with the Lady Ann Daughter of Frederick II. King of Denmark Novemb 23. 1589. It stands 56 German Miles from Stockholme Weâ—t Anspach See Onspach Antavares a People on the South part of the Isle of Madagascar The French had settled themselves amongst them and were afterwards Massacred by them Ante Anta a River in Normandy which washeth the Town of Failaise and 3 Leagues lower falls into the Dive which last falls into the British Sea 4 Leagues East of Caen. Ante Anta a small Town and Port in Guiny in Africa 3 Leagues from the Cape of Three Heads East Antego one of the Caribby Islands plac'd in 16 d. 11. â— of Northern Lat. and 339 of Long. inhabited by the English for some years and is about 6 or 7 Leagues in length and breadth difficult of Access and not much stor'd with Springs which the Inhabitants supply by Ponds and Cisterns Antequera a small ill built City of New Spain in America 80 Leagues from Mexico which in 1535. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico by Pope Paul III. § Also a small Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Old Spain Antessa Antissa an antient City in the Island of Lesbos which was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mitylene Ovid speaks of it as also the antient Geographers under the notion of its being it self an Island in
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
Stanley was created Earl of Darby in 1486. by Henry VII in the first Year of his Reign The present VVilliam Stanley who is the ninth Earl of this Family and the fourth of England succeeded Charles his Father in 1672. A Title heretofore enjoyed first by the Earls of Ferrers and Darby and afterwards by several Princes of the Royal Family Darda a strong Fort at the North end of the Bridge of Esseck built by the Turks in 1686. and taken by the Germans when they burnt the Bridge Retaken by the Duke of Lorrain in 1687. and designed to be fortified but soon after deserted rather that the Turks might have a free Passage to their ruin as came to pass Aug. 12. 1687. when they received the greatest Overthrow near this Place which has befallen them in this last Century See Mohatz The Dardanelles Dardanium Dardania are two Castles built by Mahomet II. The one in Europe where anciently stood Cestos the other in Asia in the place of Abidos upon the streightest part of the Helespont They stand two hundred Miles South of Constantinople as being the Keys of that City The famous Monsieur Thevenot who saw them in 1655. thus describes them as he is translated That which is in Romania on the Side of Europe is built in a triangular Form at the Foot of an Hill which commands and covers it where there is a little Town This Castle hath three Towers covered with Lead whereof two are towards the Land and the third which is the biggest upon the Harbor It hath said he as I could discern with a Perspective-Glass about twenty Port-holes level with the Water in which besides what I could observe by my Glasses I was assured that a Man might easily creep into some of the Guns they were of such a prodigious Bore The other on the Asia Side is in a Plain and seemed to me to be almost square It hath three Towers on each Side and a Dungeon or Platform in the Middle but not so many Port-holes as the other These Castles are of no Strength to Landward being only designed against Ships as Mr. Sandys and all observe but they were kept by strong Garrisons This Place is famous for the Loves of Hero and Leander the Passage of Xerxes by a Bridge of Boats the Passage of the Turks a little above these Castles and of later times for three Naval Victories obtained here by the Venetians in 1655 1656 and 1657. Since that the Turks have built two other Castles which bear just upon the entrance of the Hellespont about three Miles more South than the old Dardanelles That on Asia Side lieth not above two Miles from Troas upon a flat Ground That on Europe on the side of a Hill with round Towers and several Ascents after the old Fashion as Mr. VVheeler observes which he saith were built since Mr. Sandys's time and in all probability since 1655. upon the Occasion of those Venetian Victories The Turks call Lepanto and Patras at the entrance of the Bay or Gulph of Lepanto the Dardanelles by way of Allusion There are two other such Castles call'd the Dardanelles of the Gulph of Larta in Epirus eighty English Miles North-West from Lepanto Dardania the ancient Name of a Country in the upper Maesia which became afterwards a part of Dacia and now makes properly the South Quarter of the Province of Servia wherein Nizza and Vscopia stand § Also an ancient Town and Province of Troas in Asia the Less mentioned by Mela Pliny c. Darha a Country City and River in the Division of Biledulgeridia in Africa The River is subject to an annual Inundation which beginning in April if a great one makes a fruitful Year Towards this River stands the City Darha in Darha properly so called which is one of the three Parts this Country is divided into the others being Itata and the Kingdom of Teslete This Country lies between the Kingdom of Morocco Tesset and Segellomessa under the Obedience of the King of Teslete who is a Tributary to the Emperor of Morocco It abounds particularly with excellent Palm-Trees Daria an ancient Episcopal City of Mesopotamia fifteen Miles from Nisibin It has also been called Anastasiopolis and Anastasia from its Founder the Emperor Anastasius Darien a City upon the Gulph of Vrraba with a great River in the Province of Terra Firma in the South America The See of this City has been transferred thence to Panama being not so considerable a Place as formerly The River is otherwise called the River of S. John and El Rio Darien Darking a Market-Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon a Branch of the River Mole which at a Place called the Swallow by the Foot of a Hill here falls under Ground and rises again the Distance of a Mile thence near Norbury Darlington a Market-Town in the Bishoprick of Durham the Capital of its Wapentake with a fair Bridge over the River Skerne where there runs another small Rivulet into it Darmstad Darmstadium a Town and Landgravate in the County of Gerawer in Franconia upon the River Darmstad which has a fine Castle where the Landgrave of Gerawer or Darmstad resides It stands two Miles from the Rhine and three from Francfort on the Mayn towards the South And belongs to a Branch of the House of the Landgraves of Hesse thence entituled the Princes of Hesse-Darmstad Daroca a Town in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain upon the River Xiloca four or five Leagues from Calatajud and about ten from Saragossa Dartford a large Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent not far from the Influx thereof into the Thames The Rebellion of John Tyler alias Jack Straw in the Reign of Richard II. in 1381. began here Darwent a River in Darbyshire another in Cumberland and a third in Yorkshire Sir Francis Ratcliff of Dilston in the County of Cumberland was made Earl of Darwent-VVater by K. James II. August 24. 1687. Baron of Tindale and Viscount Ratcliff and Langley See Derwent Daventry a Market and great Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Fauseley upon a Rivulet that falls into the Nen. Daulia Daulis an ancient City of Phocis in Achaia not far from Delphi to the South It has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Athens now ruined § A second in Macedonia whose modern Name is Eladasagni Dauphine Allobroges Delphinatus a great Province in the South-East part of France bounded on the East by Piedmont on the North by Savoy and La Bresse from which it is separated by the River Rhosne on the West by Lion and Vivarais from which the same River divides it and on the South by Provence It had heretofore Princes of its own called the Daulphines but Humbartus II. their last Prince in 1343. gave this Principality to Philip de Valois King of France upon Condition that the eldest Son of the King of France should bear this Title which has been ever since
the Hundred of Finsbury of which the Earl of Warwick bears the Title of Baron Kent Cantium is the most South-Eastern County of England on the North it is bounded by the Thames which parts it from Essex on the East and South it has the British Sea in part on the North and on the West it has Sussex and Surrey It is in length from East to West fifty Miles and from South to North twenty six Divided into five Lathes Sutton Aylesford Soray St. Augustine and Shepway wherein are four hundred and eight Parishes and thirty Market Towns That part which lieth towards the Thames is healthful but not fruitful the middle parts are both the Southern are very fruitful but not healthful The Thames the Medway the Stower the Tun and the Rother besides lesser Streams water it Some give this Character of it The Weald for Wood East Kent for Corn Rumney for Meadow Tenham for an Orchard Shepey and Reculver for Wheat Thanet for Barley and Hedcorn for Capons This Country was first conquered by Julius Caesar though not without Resistance in the years of Rome 696. and 698. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour being forced to a double Expedition against almost this single County As he began the Conquest of Britain here so did the Saxons Hengist erecting the Kingdom of Kent in the year of Christ 456. seven years after the first arrival of the Saxons Against the Danes the Kentish men did also great things and with much Courage and Patience repelled those Barbarous People When William the Conquerour had subdued all the rest of the Nation he was glad to come to a Composition with the Inhabitants of this County and to grant them their ancient Liberties and Customs Whence the Laws of Gavelkind obtain here to this day This County was also the first that imbraced the Christian Religion from Augustine the Monk in the year 568. Accordingly Canterbury is justly the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom of England as having been the first Fountain from whence the Christian Religion spread it self amongst the Saxons for as for the British or Welsh they had imbraced Christianity long before VVilliam the Conquerour in 1067. created Odo Bishop of Bajeux his half Brother Lord Chief Justice and Lord Treasurer of England Earl of Kent In 1465. Edward IV. created Edmund Grey Lord Ruthyn Lord Treasurer of England which Family still injoys this Honour Anthony II. the present Earl of Kent being the eleventh in this Succession Besides the Sea of Canterbury this County injoys a second Bishoprick which is Rochester and a great many populous rich Towns fafe Roads large and secure Harbours for Ships and whatever else is desirable in Human Life except a more serene Air. Kerci or Chierche Cercum a small Town at the Mouth of the Streights of Caffa upon the Euxine Sea belonging to the Precopensian Tartars Kerez See Keureuz Keriog a River in Shropshire which falls into the Dee above Bangor Kerka or Karka Titius a River of Dalmatia which washeth Sardona and Sebenico then falls into the Adriatick Sea eight German Miles North of Spalatro Kermen Germia a considerable City at this day in Thrace seated not far from Adrianople the Turks have here a Sangiack Kerry a County in the Province of Munster on the Vergivian or Western Ocean between the County of Clare to the North and the County of Cork to the South and East the Capital of which is Ardart Keschidag Olympius a Mountain of Misia in the Lesser Asia Kesmarckt or Keysermarkt Caesaropolis a Town of the Vpper Hungary at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains towards the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Keswick a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Hundred of Allerdale near to which Black Lead is digged up in plenty It standeth in a Valley environed with Hills and has been formerly a famous Town for Copper Mines Kesâ—el or Cassel Castellum Menapiorum a Town in Brabant two Leagues beneath Roermond to the North between the Maes to the East and the Peel to the West seated upon the River Neerse which a little lower falls into the Maes Kettering a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Huxton upon a Rivulet which falls into the Nen delightfully seated on an Ascent It has a Sessions-House for the Justices of Peace of the County Keureuz Keres Krais Chrysius Cusus a River of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Western Borders of Transylvania near Feltat and watering Giula a little above receiveth another Branch called by the same Name which passeth by Great Waradin both which Rivers being united fall into the Tibiscus or Tyesse at Czongrodt above Segedin One of these is called by the Germans Fekykeres which goes to Giula the other Sebeskeres Feky signifying White and Sebes Black Kexholm Kexholmia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland which was heretofore under the Russ but conquered by the Swedes in 1617. It is the most South-Eastern part of Finland The Capital of this Province is Kexholm seated upon the Banks of the River Voxen near to the Western Shoar of the Lake of Ladoga which together with the Castle which is very strong was taken by Monsieur Pont de la Gardie a French Gentleman from the Russ in 1580. The year following this Gentleman took Narva and several other strong places for the Swedes from the Moscovites and was at last drowned in the River of Narva Keyserstul Forum Tiberii a small Town in Switzerland upon the Rhine over which it has a Bridge It lies in the County of Baden nine German Miles from Basil to the West and Constance to the East and belongs to the Bishop of Constance but is subject to the Canton of Zurick Kidwelly a Market Town in Caermarthenshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Khoemus Margiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia See Margiana Kherman Kermoen Kermon or Kirman Carmania or Caramania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia with a City of the same Name Kiburgh a Castle in the Canton of Zurich upon the River Toss two Miles from Zurich to the East the Earls of which were heretofore of great Name This Castle was purchased by them of Zurich in 1452. Kiel or Kil Chilonium a City in the Dukedom of Holstein under the Duke of Holstein upon the Mouth of the River Swentin having a convenient Port upon the Baltick Sea much frequented by Merchants Ships there belongs to it a Castle seated on a Hill and an University opened here in 1665. The Convention of the States of Holstein are usually held here This City stands nine German Miles from Lubeck to the North ten from Flensborg to the South and tho very well fortified has of late suffered very much from the Swedes Kiengara See Gangra Kienning a great City of the Province of Fokien in China and the Capital of a Territory of its own Name commanding six other Cities It is adorned with a magnificent Pagod or
by the Arabs Hamammetha In the Year 394. a Council was held here the Canons whereof are confused amongst the Body of the Canons of the African Church Long. 36. 40. Lat. 32. 40. Majaquana one of the Luccaye Islands belonging to North America between Hispaniola to the South and Samana to the North. Maida a Principality in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples near Nicastro Maidenhead a Market Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Bray Maidstone Madus Vagniacae is a fair sweet populous Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Medway near its head from which it has this name There is a fair Stone Bridge built by the Archbishops of Canterbury over this River Edward VI. Incorporated this Town and granted it a Mayor which was taken from them in Queen Maries time for favouring Wyat's Rebellion in 1554. But Queen Elizabeth restored them to their former State In ancient times their chief Magistrate was called a Portgreve from Grave an old German word still used by the Germans in Markgrave Reingrave and Landtgrave Charles I. added another Honor to this Place when in 1628. he created Elizabeth Finch Grandmother to the late Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey late Lord Chancellor of England Viscountess of Maidstone and Countess of Winchelsey with an Entail upon her Heir Males which Honors are now possessed by Heneage Her Grandchild the Second of this Family Heneage late Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chancellor of England was another of Her Posterity This is the Town where the Assizes and Sessions are kept with which honour it has that of the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Maienne See Mayenne Majella Nicates a Mountain in Abruzzo a Province of the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara Aternus as Holstenius affirms Maillezais or Mallezais Malleaca Malleacum a small City in Poictou in France seated in a Morass made by the Rivers Seure Niortoise which falls into the Bay of Aquitain and the Hautize The ancient Earls of Poictou and Dukes of Guyenne chose it for their Residence and Founded in it an Abbey about the Year 1030. which by P. John XXII in 1317. was changed into a Bishops See but being little inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air the Bishoprick was suppressed in 1649. and the City of Rochell substituted in its place by Pope Innocent X. It stands nine Leagues from Rochell to the North-East and five from Niore to the South Long. 19. 36. Lat. 46. 21. according to the last Maps Mailly a Seigniory near Amiens in Picardy giving name to an honorable Family of that Province Maina or Maines or Braccio di Maina a City on the South of the Morea supposed to have been the ancient Leuctra or Tenarus in Laconia on the East side of the Gulph of Coron North of Cape Matapan the most South Cape of the Morea The Inhabitants are called the Mainotes and have in this present War contributed very much to the driving the Turks out of the Morea by serving in great numbers under the Venetians against them It is said it was a Common-wealth before but Coronelli in his late description of the Morea assures us it was a Fort built by the Turks upon the Ruins of Cersapolis to keep these Mainotes under who being impatient of the Turkish Slavery and extremely Warlike had betaken themselves to the Rocks and Forests and would pay no Tribute to the Turks thereupon the Turks began to build the Fort of Maina but Querini Captain of the Gulph for the Venetians in 1570. understanding their design Landed and by the help of the Mainotes took this Fort and ruined it entirely by which means the Mainotes were preserved and obliged to the Service of this State Main Amber a noted strong Rock nigh to Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwall mounted upon others of a lesser size with so equal a ponderation that it may be stirred 't is said yet not moved out of its place Maine le Maine Cenomanensis Provincia is a great and fruitful Province in France the old Inhabitants of which were the Cenomani Aulerci its greatest extent is from East to West on the North it is bounded by Normandy on the West by Bretagne This part is called the Lower Maine on the South by Anjou and on the East by Le Perche This the Vpper Maine and of the two the most fruitful and pleasant The Rivers Huisne Sarte and Mayenne water it The Principal City in it is Mans the next Mayenne Charles the second Son of Francis Duke of Guise being made Duke of Maine and after that General of the League against Henry III. and IV. of France made this Province frequently mentioned in the Histories of France of those times The Common Proverb of the People of this Province is Qu' un Manceau vaut un Norman demy One Man of Maine is worth one Norman and the half of another Main Land Pomona the Principal of the Isles of Orkney which is twenty two English Miles long and has a Town called Kirkwall on the Northern Shoar for its Capital its greatest extent is from East to West and its greatest breadth about ten Miles The Mainotes See Maina Maintez Meintez See Mentz Majorca or Mallorca Balearium insulae Palma Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastern Coast of Spain over against the Kingdom of Valencia at the distance of about sixty Miles between Minorca to the East and Yvica to the West which three Islands constituted the Kingdom of Majorca so called from this the greatest of them It s Circuit is near one hundred and ten Miles the Principal City is Mallorca Palma or Majorca which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and a flourishing University in which Raymundus Lullius taught and his tenets are now ex instituto maintained It is great strong and has a Haven belonging to it on the Western shoar of the Island Long. 24. 40. Lat. 40. 00. The Maps place it in Lat. 38. 26. The Inhabitants of this Island were of old famous Archers from whence they were called Baleares at first they went naked being subdued by the Carthaginians Anno Mundi 3500. they became more civilized and served in the Carthaginian Wars against the Romans till together with Spain they fell under that Republick in the Year of Rome 630. 521 Years before the Birth of our Saviour The Moors were their next Masters who crossing out of Africa took Possession of them about the same time they Conquered Spain Raymund Earl of Barcelone by the assistance of the Genouese expelled the Moors in 1102 but the Genouese as if they had repented this good Deed restored them again In 1228. they were finally ex elled by James King of Arragon This Prince in 1230. made James his Son King of Majorca whose Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom till 1341. when James III. the fourth King of Majorca was slain in Battel by Pedro IV. King of Arragon and ever since
last it is divided by the Loyre though some attribute several Villages to it beyond that River The Cities of it are Orleans Baugency and Chartres Ormus Armuzia Ormuzium Organa a small Island on the Coast of Persia known to the Greeks and Romans with a City of the same name This Island is seated at the Mouth of the Persian Gulph upon the Province of Schiras over against the Mouth of the Drut nine Spanish Miles in compass and twelve from the nearest Shoars of Persia The City which was once so potent and rich fell into the Hands of the Portuguese in 1517 and was re-conquered by the Persians assisted by the English April 25. 1622. Whereupon this so famous Mart presently became desolate and forsaken so that there is now little of it left but the Castle that the Portuguese built which has deluded the Forces of the Turks and Arabians Out of the ruins of it is sprung up Gambron on the continent Long. 91. 20. Lat. 27. 30. This Island wants fresh water It hath formerly sustain'd the title of a Kingdom The Tartars call it Necrokin The Portuguese were thought to lose six or seven Millions at the retaking of it by the English and Persian Forces Ormond Ormondia The North part of the County of Tipperary in the Province of Munster called by the Irish Orwowon that is the front of Munster A lean Mountainous barren Country which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most Loyal Families in that Kingdom the first of which was James Butler Created Earl of Ormond by Edward III. James the late Earl was for his signal services in the old Rebellion in Ireland in 1643 Created Marquess of Ormond In 1660. he was by Charles II. made Duke of Ormond in Ireland and in 1661. in England Ormokirk a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Darby not far from Merton Meer Ornano a Signory in the Isle of Corsica Orne Orna Olina a River in Normandy which watereth Argentan Caen and at Estreban falls into the British Sea Orne Odorna a River of Lorrain which falls into the Moselle between Mets and Thionville it has a Town of the same name upon it between the Moselle and the Maes but nearest to the last Hofman Orontes See Farfar § The same is also the name of a Mount near the City Tauris in Persia Oropus or Orope an antient City of Attica in Greece called now Zucamini and Suzamino Aulus Gellius speaks of it § There was a second in Macedonia the Birth-place of Seleucus Nicanor § A third in the Island Euboea in Aristotle's time who remembers it § And Stephanus places a fourth in Syria called also Telmissus Orsoi Orsoium Orsovium a small but strong and an important Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany upon the Rhine Taken for the Hollanders by the Prince of Orange in 1634 and in 1672 by the Duke of Orleans for the French Orssa a strong Town in the Dukedom of Lithuania in Poland seated at the Confluence of the River Orsca with the Nieper eighteen Polish Leagues from Smolensko to the West and twelve from Mohilow to the North towards VVitepski It is defended by a good Cittadel Sigismond I. King of Poland defeated the Muscovites before it in 1514 taking Prisoners four thousand and leaving dead upon the Place forty thousand It hath heretofore been in the hands of the Muscovites Orta or Orti Hortanum a small City in the Ecclesiastical State upon the Tiber near its Confluence with the Nera and upon an Ascent It belonged formerly to the Dukedom of Toscana Pliny takes occasion to mention it It is an Episcopal City thirty four Miles from Rome to the North. Ortonbourg Ortemburgum a Town in the Province of Carinthia in Germany upon the Drave having the honour to give a Title of a Count of the Empire Orton a Market Town in the County of VVestmorland in East Ward amongst the Heaths much wanting Wood. Ortona a City of the Hither Abruzzo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trivento which has a safe Port on the Adriatick twelve Miles from Trivento North-East eight from Lanciano to the same and eleven from Pescara to the South-East It is now called Ortona à Mare to distinguish it from Ortona di Marsi in the same Province Made a Bishop's See by Pope Pius V. in 1570. The Revenue of this Town belongs to the Papacy Orvieto Oropitum Vrbiventum Herbanum a City of Italy of great antiquity called in several Ages by various names It was heretofore included in the Province of Toscana now in S. Peter's Patrimony the Capital of a Territory denominated from it and a Bishop's See seated upon the River Pelia which a little higher takes in the Chiana and three Miles lower falls into the Tiber twenty Miles from Viterbo to the North sixty from Rome and thirty from Perugia Very strong by its Situation being fenced on all sides by Rocks and steep Valleys or Precipices Orwell a River in the County of Suffolk upon whose Banks not only Ipswich but Stow Market and Needham are also situated Osaro See Serchio Osbor or Olbor Osborium The Geographers do not determine whereabouts in Germany it was that this Place stood But they omit not to mention it upon the account of a Council there assembled in the presence of the Emperor Henry IV. which condemn'd the Anti-Pope Honorius II. and confirm'd the Election of Pope Alexander II. Oseau Ossavus a small River in Bearn Osenburgh Osnaburgum Osnabrugum Osnabrucum a City of VVestphalia in Germany which is a Hanse Town and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Cologn instituted by Charles the Great in 776. It is seated upon the River Hasa eight German Miles from Munster to the South-East and fifteen from Oldenburgh to the South Famous for a Peace concluded here between the Emperor and the Crown of Sweden in 1648. This City is under the Dominion of its own Bishop who keeps his ordinary residence at Patersbourgh and called sometimes Osnabruck Not only the Parochial Churches are divided here amongst the Roman Catholicks and Lutherans but the Lutherans also have the Possession of three Prebends in the very Cathedral with a Voice Active in the Election of Dignitaries The Roman Catholick Prebendaries have Voices Active and Passive electing and to be elected § The Bishoprick of Osenburgh is a Tract of Germany under the Bishop of this Diocese by the Order of Charles the Great Bounded on the West and South with the Bishoprick of Munster on the East by the Principality of Minden and the County of Ravensperg from North to South forty Miles from East to West twenty five The Bishop of this Diocese is to be a Roman Catholick and a Lutheran by turns according to the Treaty made in this City in favour of the House of Brunswick Osero Absirtum Absortus Absorus Civitas Ausarensis an Island and City of its name upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians The City is a Bishop's
in 1674 but by the Treaty of Nimeguen restored to them in 1679. Some derive its beginning from a Fortress built by the Hunns upon the Schelde in 411. Oudon Olda a River in France in the Province of Anjou Another in Aquitain called le Lot more commonly and a third in Beaujolois Over-Yssel Over-Issel Trans-Issalana a Province of great extent in the United Netherlands towards Germany which was a part of the Bishoprick of Vtrecht from the year 1046 and called so because it lay beyond the Issel It is divided into three parts the Drente the Sallant and the Twente Bounded on the East by the Bishoprick of Munster on the North by Friesland and Groningen on the West and South by the Zuyder Sea and Guelderland It was granted from the Bishoprick to Charles V. in 1527. In 1582. it revolted from Spain and united with the Hollanders In 1672. it was over-run by the French who were forced two years after to draw off so it returned to its former liberty The principal Places are Deventer Campen Zwol and Coevorden Ovessant Vxantis Insula an Island on the West of Britany in France Oviedo Ovedum Ovetum a City in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain the Capital of a Territory called les Asturies d'Oviedo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Compostella between the Nora and the Nalona Once the Capital of a Kingdom begun in the Person of Pelagius in 717. and continued in his Successors till the year 913 when Ordenno II. took the style of King of Leon. This City stands five Spanish Leagues from the Shoars of the Ocean to the South eighteen from Asturia and sixteen from Leon betwixt the Mountains There was a small University opened here in 1580 which never much improved In 901. a Council was assembled at this City under Pope John VIII which advanced the See to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick But it has lost again that Dignity since Oulney a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Newport upon the River Ouse Oundle a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Polbrooke pleasantly seated on the Banks of the Nen over which it has two Bridges It is beautified with a fair Church a Free-School and an Almshouse L'Ourt or Ourte Vrta a River of the Low Countries springing near the Frontiers of the Dukedom of Luxembourg and passing by Offalize Rochefort Durbui it receives the Albe with the change of its name into Vrt Ourt and falls into the Maese at Liege Ourtes or Orthez Ortesium a Town in the Canton of Bearn in Switzerland upon the Gave de Pau betwixt Pau and Bayonne Remarkable for an antient Castle and a Protestant School Ousche or L'Ouche Oscaris a River of the Dukedom of Bourgogne in France passing by Fleuri and Dijon and after the Reception of some Rivulets joyning with the Saosne near S. Jean de Lone Ouse Isis a River in Glocestersh which ariseth in the South Border of that Shire near Toorleton at Crekelade it takes in the Churne at Lechlade the Colne and beneath it the Leche This is properly the Head of the Thames tho it has not that Name till its conjunction with the Thame in Oxfordshire Ouse Garryenus a River called Vre and Youre which parteth the West from the North-Riding of Yorkshire watereth the City of York and then falls into the Wherfe at Cawood Castle Ouse the Great ariseth in the County of Hertford in a place called Dane End above Lutton and running North-West entereth Bedfordshire and watereth the principal Town of it from thence it passeth to Huntington by Ely above which joyning with the River Granta from Cambridge and beneath Little Port taking in the Little Ouse which ariseth at Loppham Ford in the County of Suffolk and dividing Suffolk from Norfolk passeth by Thetford into the Great Ouse by Downham and Kings Linn falls into the German Ocean This is one of the greatest Rivers of England Ourque a Town in Portugal made famous by a Victory obtained by Alfonso against five Kings of the Moors in 1256. Ouste or L'Aust Ousta Austa a River in Bretagne It takes its source in the Forest of Laudeac near Avangour then passing by Rohan Jocelin Malestroit Pont-Corbin augmented with the Ars and the Claye it unites with the Vilaine near Redon Owar Ovaria a Town in the Vpper Hungary upon the River Vag at the foot of the Mountains which part that Country from Poland It stands below Transchin Oxfordshire Oxoniensis Comitatus is bounded on the North by Warwick and Northampton on the East by Buckingham on the South by Barkshire and on the West by Gloucestershire The Air of it is mild sweet and pleasant the Earth fruitful both in Corn and Grass by reason of the great abundance of Rivers and fresh Springs It is of a triangular Form forty Miles from North-West to South-East in length scarce twenty in breadth and in circumference an hundred and thirty containing two hundred and eighty Parishes and fifteen Market Towns Watered by the Thame and Isis the Cherwell the Windrush and the Evenlode The Dobani were the old Inhabitants of it during the times of the Romans It takes its Name from the principal City See the Natural History of this County fully and curiously written by the Learned Doctor Robert Plott Oxford Oxonium Oxfordia Calleva Rhydicina from the Welsh name Rhidychen is seated in the Southern Border of the County of Oxford towards Berkshire having the Cherwel on the East and the Isis or Ouse on the South It is a very fair and substantial City seated in an excellent Air and enjoying so delightful a Prospect that the Country adjacent has thence long ago contracted the Title of Bellositum amongst the Ingenious One of the noblest and ancientest Universities also in the World Begun or rather after the Desolations it had suffered in common with the rest of England under the Saxons and Danes restored by King Alfred a Saxon anno Christi 806 the great Civilizer of the English Nation who sending his Son Ethelward hither encouraged the Young Nobles to come to it from all Parts In the time of William the Conqueror it was a considerable City having then seven hundred seventy and four Houses five hundred of which paid yearly Customs to the King In this Prince's time Robert d' Oily a Norman built the Castle on the West side of the Town In 1074 King Stephen closely besieged Maude the Empress Daughter of Henry I. and Mother of Henry II. in this Castle Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canterbury celebrated a Council here in 1222. There have in process of time by several Princes and Noble Benefactors been founded and liberally endowed here eighteen Colleges and seven Halls of which Vniversity Baliol and Merton Colleges were the first endowed in all Europe of latter times by Sheldon Archbishop of Canterbury a noble Theatre and at the Charge of the University a stately Musaeum was finished in the year 1683. Then the Bodlean Library contending with the Vatican
Pont sur Jonne three Leagues from Sens and for Pontroy or Pongoin in la Perche upon the Eure. Ponte Mole Milvius Pons an ancient Bridge belonging to the City of Rome over the Tiber. It lies two Miles above the City to the East Near this Bridge Maxentius was defeated and in his passage over the River drowned in the Year 312. By which Victory Constantine the Great obtained the Empire of the World Pontus an ancient Kingdom in the Lesser Asia betwixt Bithynia and Paphlagonia extended along the Pontus Euxinus or Black Sea and famous heretofore in the Person of Mithridates the Great its King who upon the News of the revolt of his Son Pharnaces against him killed himself in the Year of Rome 691. after a Reign of fifty seven years Heraclea Ponti was its Capital City The Romans reduced this Kingdom into a Province Ponza Pontia an Island of the Mediterranean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Naples known by the banishment of divers famous Romans to it Ponzone a small Town in the Duchy of Montferrat in Italy It suffered very much in the Wars till the Peace at Quieras in 1631. Pool a Market and Borough Town and Port in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Cogdean enclosed on all sides except Northward with an out let of the Sea called Luckford Lake and admitting an entrance into it by one Gate only Henry VI. first granted it the privilege of a Haven and leave to the Mayor to Wall it In this Haven the Sea ebbs and flows four times in twenty four hours It elects two Parliament Men and has the honor besides to be a County Corporate Potremoli Pontremulium a Town and Seigniory in Italy anciently called Apua at the Foot of the Apennine in the Eastern Borders of the States of Genoua fifteen Miles from Genoua to the East and eleven from Massa to the North. This Town and Seigniory in the Year 1650 was sold by the Spaniards to the Duke of Tuscany under whom it now is and has belonging to it a strong Castle Popayan Popaiana a great Province in South America in the Terra Firma towards the Mountains which on the West is bounded by the South Sea on the South by Peru on the East by New Granada and on the North by New Carthagena It s greatest extent is from North to South The Capital City of it is Popayan seated near the rise of the River of S. Martha one hundred and forty Miles from the South Sea to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de Sancta Fé d' Antiquera The other Cities are Caramanta Arma Sancta Anna d' Anzerma Carthagena Cali Amaguer and Agreda Under the Spaniards Popfingen Popfinga a small City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Tract of Riess upon the River Eger One Mile from Norlingen to the West An Imperial and Free City Porentru Brundusia a Town in Switzerland called by the Inhabitants Brontrut by the French Porentru The Seat of the Bishop of Basil and subject to him It stands in the Borders of Suntgow and the Higher Alsatia upon the River Halle three German Miles from Ferrette or Pfirt to the West and six from Basil The Tract in which it stands is called Elsgaw Pormon Thermodon a River of Cappadocia which falls into the Euxine Sea Poros an Island in the Gulph of Corinth or d' Engina between the Morea and Athens eighteen Miles in compass and very fruitful and populous Now under the Venetians Portalegre or Porto-Alegre Portus Alacris Amaea a City in Portugal in the Province of Alentejo towards the Borders of Extremadura which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Evora fourteen Miles from that City and twenty eight from Lisbon to the East thirty three from the Atlantick Ocean East Well fortified upon a River and giving the Title of a Count. Port-au-Prince a Town upon the South Coast of the Isle of Cuba in the West-Indies with a Port which drives a great Trade in Hides Port aux Prunes a Country in the North of the Isle of Madagascar Il Portatore Vfens a River in Campagna di Roma in the States of the Church which ariseth at a place called Casenoue two Miles from Sezze a Town in the same Province and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Terracina sixty Miles from Naples to the West Portland Vindelis a small Peninsula in Dorsetshire which shoots into the British Sea about nine Miles from North to South The principal place in it is called Portland Castle built by Henry VIII Opposite to which towards Weymouth on the Land side stands Sandford Castle and these two together command all Ships that pass into the road here This Island belongs to the Church of Winchester by the Gift of Edward the Confessor It hath one Church on the South East side near the Sea affords Corn in good plenty and excellent pasture for Sheep but its Quarries of Stone of late much used in Building are its most remarkable Commodity Charles I. in 1632 Created Richard Lord Weston of Neyland Lord High Treasurer of England Earl of Portland which Title continued in the same Family for three successions in the Persons of Jeremy Son to Richard Charles Son and Heir to Jeremy and Thomas Weston Uncle to Charles Porto Puerto ein Port un Port a Port or Haven is a part of the Sea so inclosed and deep that Ships may safely ride in it Load and Unload whether it be made by Art or Nature All which vulgar Names in Italian Spanish German French and English are derived from the Latin Word Portus signifying the same thing Porto Portus Augusti Portus Romanus an Episcopal City which once stood at the Mouth of the Tiber in the States of the Church and had a considerable Port to it built by the Emperor Claudius then repair'd by Trajan But both that and the City for the unwholsomeness of the Air have been deserted and destroyed tho giving a title to one of the six Senior Cardinals Porto Port à Port and Cividad de Puerto Portus Cale is a great City and a considerable Mart in the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Douro on the North Side of that River which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Braga and has a large safe and convenient Haven upon the Western Ocean within one League of which this City is built eight from Braga to the South and forty seven from Lisbon to the North. This City took its Name from Cale a Village near it and gave the Name of Portugal to the Kingdom before called Lusitania it being one of the first and most frequented Ports of that Kingdom Long. 11 15. Lat. 41. 10. Porto de Acaxutla a great and celebrated Port in New Spain in America in the Province of Guatimala upon the South Sea near Sancta Trinidada Porto Belo Portus Belus a new City in South America upon the Shoars of the North Sea which has a celebrated Haven secured by two strong Forts
worthy of remembrance for its withstanding the repeated furious Assaults of the Turks in the Siege in 1480. Long. 58. 00. Lat. 37. 50. Rhodope See Rulla Rhoetia This ancient Country which some denominate the Western Illyricum was of that extent as to comprehend a part of what we now call the Circles of Schwaben Bavaria and Austria in Germany the Country of the Grisons and something of Switzerland Of which the Grisons who are more properly called the Alpine Rhoetians are the only People at this day retaining the memory of its Name where as one remarks of their Country you have Mountains of Pride and Valleys of Misery See Grisons Rhosne Rodanus one of the most celebrated Rivers in France called by the Germans Der Rogen by the Fronch Rhosne It ariseth from a double Spring in Mount de la Fourch in the Borders of Switzerland two German Miles from the Springs of the Rhein And running Westward through Vallais or Wallisserland it divides that Tract watering Sion or Sitten and Martinach the principal Places in it then entering the Lake of Lemane it divides Savoy from Switzerland five Leagues beneath Geneva saith Baudrand it burieth it self for some time in the Earth as I have often seen Then turning South and dividing Savoy from Bugey at Bellay it becomes great enough to bear a Boat then turning West and dividing Dauphiné from Bugey at la Bresse it entertains the Ain at Lyons it is covered by a Bridge of Stone and improved by the Addition of the Saone a great River here turning South it parts Lyonnis from Dauphiné watereth Vienne and Condrieu divides the Viverais from Dauphiné and salutes Andasse at S. Vallier over against Tournon receives the Isere above Valence beneath it the Erico the Drome and the Ardosche at S. Esprit it is again covered by a noble Stone Bridge so dividing Languedoc from Provence and encreased by the Sorgue it watereth Avignon where there is a third Bridge then receiving in the Durance and the Gardon and watering Beaucaire at Arles it divides into two Branches The Western Branch divides into two more at last it falls into the Mediterrantan Sea by five Mouths each of which has its proper Name to wit Gras du Midi Gras de Paulet Gras d' Enfer Grand Gras and Gras de Passon Some adding thereto Gras Neuf Which Word Gras is understood to be taken from Antoninus's Gradus where he speaks of the Entrance of the Rhosne into the Ocean But there is no Town built upon any of them of any note beneath Arles which stands about eight Miles into the Land This is a rapid River Rian Abravanus a Lake and River in the South-West of Galloway in Scotland of which Cambden saith that they are exceeding full of Herrings and Stone-Fishes Richelieu Richelaeum a City in the Province of Poictou built by the Cardinal of that Name who was born here in 1585 and for some time under Lewis XIII of France governed that Kingdom as he pleased Amongst other of his Actions he built or rebuilt at least this place to perpetuate the Memory of his Name and Family and procured it to be honoured with the Title of a Dukedom It stands four Miles from London to the East five from Mirebeau and one from Tours to the North-West Now in a flourishing State Richensée Verbigenus a Lake in the Canton of Argow in Switzerland Richmond a Town and County in Yorkshire lying on the North West of that County towards Lancashire which bounds it on the West It is a mountainous and desolate Place yet produceth Grass in reasonable quantity This County took its Name from Richmond a Town built by Alane Earl of Bretagne in France the first Earl of this County after the Conquest Nephew to William the Conqueror upon the River Swale over which it hath a Stone Bridge thirty two Miles from York to the North-West and twenty from the Sea to the South-West The Town is indifferently well frequented and populous It was anciently walled and fortified with a Castle by the said Alane for the greater security of these Parts against the English the Gates are still standing but in the midst of the Town its Situation being shifted Before it was thus rebuilt it was called Gilling Oswy King of Northumberland was basely murthered here in 659 ever after reputed a Martyr It is now a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons and containing two Parish Churches in the Hundred of Gillingwest Long. 18. 15. Lat. 55. 17. This Earldom continued in that Family till 1171 when it came to Geofrey Plantagenet the fourth Son of K. Henry II. by the Marriage of Constance Daughter of Conan Duke of Bretagne In 1230. Peter de Dreux was Earl of Richmond one of whose Descendents John de Montford was created Duke of Richmond in 1330 the sixteenth Earl and first Duke to whom in 1342. succeeded John of Gaunt afterwards Duke of Lancaster The twenty second Earl of Richmond was Henry VII King of England The twenty third was Henry Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Henry VIII The twenty fourth was Lewis Duke of Lenox created Earl of Richmond by King James I. in 1613 and Duke of the same in 1623. Which Family ended in Charles the fourth of that Line who died without Issue Ambassador in Denmark in 1672. In 1675 Charles Lenox was created Duke of Richmond by Charles the Second his Natural Father by the Dutchess of Portsmouth Richmont a Place in Saintonge in France Richmond a Town in Surrey upon the Thames between Kingston and London heretofore called Shene but by Henry VII named Richmond There is an ancient Palace or Royal House in it belonging to the Kings of England in which Edward III. died in 1377. Henry the Seventh rebuilt this Pile twice it being burnt in his Reign and afterwards he died here April 22. 1409. Also Queen Elizabeth of blessed Memory left this World in this place March 24. 1602. And before her Ann Daughter to the Emperor Charles V. and Wife to King Richard II esteemed a very beautiful Lady The Civil Wars in the Reign of King Charles I. left some of its effects upon this Palace This Town stands pleasantly and healthfully upon an easie Ascent fair large well built and well inhabited in the Hundred of Kingston Rickmansworth a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio near the River Coln Ries or Riez Rejus Rejensis Civitas Albecum Rejorum Apollinarium Colonia Rejorum Civitas Regiensium Rogium a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aix from which it stands twelve Miles to the North-East and six from Davignan to the North-West eight from Sisteron to the South little but populous built on a Hill by the River Auvestre which falls into the Verdon S. Hilary Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 439 in which Armentarius Bishop of Ambrun ordained by two Bishops only without the Authority of the Metropolitan was therefore
Bourbon the King of Navarre being slain before it It fell after this into the Hands of the Leaguers Henry IV. besieged it in 1593. but was prevented from taking it by the Prince of Parma though in the year following it willingly submitted to him after he had imbraced the Roman Catholick Religion The Parliament in this City was instituted by Philip the Fair in 1286. Established by Lewis XII in 1499. and re-established by Francis I. in 1515. Pope Clement VI. was sometime Archbishop of the See Pope Martin IV. and Gregory XI Archdeacons There have been divers provincial Councils here assembled Particularly in 1074. one against the Concubinage of the Clergy Roane or Rovane Rhodumna an ancient Town in France in the Dukedom of Bourbonne and the County of Foretz upon the River Loyre where it becomes first capable to bear a Boat Very great and populous tho not walled It stands twelve Leagues from Lyons to the South-West and eighteen from Moulins The Territory belonging to it is called le Roanez or Roannois and has the Honor of being a Dukedom by the Creation of King Charles IX Rober Erubris a River in Lorain which falls by Trier into the Moselle Robil Robel Rebellio a City or Town in the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh in the Lower Saxony by the Lake of Muritz in the Borders of Brandenburgh two German Miles from Var and seven from Gustro Robogh a Village in the County of Tyron upon the Sea Shoar against Scotland in the Province of Vlster which has preserved the memory of the Rhobogdii an old Irish Clan that possessed the Counties of Antrim Colran and Tyrone in this Province from whom that Cape now called the Fair Foreland by the English was then called Rhobodium being in the County of Antrim scarce fifteen Miles South of the nearest Shoar of Scotland Rocca Nova a Town in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Rocca Romana a Town in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples near Alifa honored with the Title of a Principality Rochdale a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford upon the River Roche in a Dale or Vale which together compound its name La Roche Rupes a Town in the Territory of Genevois in Savoy five or six Leagues from Geneva little less from Anneci and one from the River Arve at the foot of the Mountains It hath a Collegiate Church and two Religious Houses Roche-chouart a Seigniory in the Province of Poictou towards the Borders of Angoumois giving name to a Family of Honour La Roche-En-Ardenne a fortified Town in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Low Countries upon the River Vrt twelve Leagues from Luxemburgh and nine from Liege Honour'd with the Title of an Earldom Rochefort a Town and Port at the Mouth of the Charante in the Pais d'Aunis in France Heretofore no more than a Village but now become a Magazine enlarged with divers Buildings and more daily La Roche-sur-Yon Rupes ad Yonem a Town in the Lower Poictou in France towards Lusson upon the River Yon which after joyns with the Lay. Honoured some Ages since with the Title of a Principality which is enjoyed by the House of Bourbon Rochelle Portus Santonum Rupella Rupella Santonum Rupella a City and famous Port of France upon the Bay of Aquitain the Capital of le Pais d'Aunis and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Seven Leagues from Brouges to the North two from the Isle of Re and thirty from the Mouth of the Loyre to the South-East It takes its name from the Rock on which it stands supposed to be built about the Sixth Century because not mentioned before against the Incursions of the Normans At first it had Princes of its own After this it was under the English from the times of Henry II. who possessed it as Duke of Anjou And that Prince granted this City its first Charter and Privileges which were confirmed by Richard and John his Sons King John Landed here in 1206. when he went to the Siege of Mountauban and after in 1213. In 1224. it was taken from the English by Lewis VIII King of France but recovered the next year and continued under the English till 1453. And then finally taken by Charles VII In the beginning of the Civil Wars of France this Town fell under the power of the Hugonots who very much improved its Fortifications It was their principal place of refuge under Charles IX After the Massacre of Paris it was besieged by all the Forces of France defended it self to a wonder and at last forced that Prince to a Peace in 1573. It continued after this in their hands till 1628. and then was taken by Hunger in order to which the Ocean was bridled with a prodigious Bank begun in 1627. and carried the length of 747. toises the English having twice unsuccessfully attempted to relieve it After the taking of it Lewis XIII King of France visited it in person re-established the Roman Catholick Religion destroy'd its Fortifications saving two Towers built heretofore by Charles the Fifth for the Defence of the Port and took away its former Privileges In 1649. it first became a Bishoprick the Chair being removed hither from Mallezais a small Place in Poictou by Pope Innocent X. at the request of Lewis XIV Long. 19. 25. Lat. 45. 56. Rochester Rossa Durobius Dorobrevis Rutupiae a City in the County of Kent and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the Medway over which it has a stately Stone Bridge one of the fairest in England five Miles from the Thames twenty five from Canterbury to the East and London to the West This was a Roman Town or rather Castle as William of Malmsbury stiles it much enlarged to the East West and South In 676. it was ruined by Aetheldred King of the Mercians and after this several times by the Danes Aethelbert King of Kent erected here a sumptuous Church and caused one Justus to be made the first Bishop of it in 604. Gundulphus the Norman about 1080. rebuilt this Church and brought in Monks which are since changed into a Dean and six Prebendaries It has a Castle built by William the Conqueror which in the Reign of William Rufus and twice after in the Barons Wars has been besieged Dr. Sprat the present Bishop is the eighty third of this Diocese Charles II. added an Honor to this Place when he created Henry Viscount Wilmot of Athlone in Ireland Baron of Alderbury in the County of Oxon and Earl of Rochester December 13. 1652. Whose Son John Wilmot succeeded him in 1659. Which Family failing Laurence Hide second Son to Sir Edward Hide Earl of Clarendon and Lord Chancellor of England was by the same Prince created Earl of Rochester November 29. 1682. But before these it gave the Title of Viscount to Sir Robert Carr created Anno 1611. by K. James I. Viscount Rochester and afterwards Earl
and with it into the Ocean Seyde Sidon by the Germans called Said is a City of Phoenicia in Syria upon the Shores of the Mediterranean North of Tyre about a League distant from the remains of the ancient Sidon Sister to Tyre in the Scripture for its Sins and the Punishments of them A populous City full of Merchants and Artisans of all Nations driving a great Trade in Cotton and Silk The Franciscans Capuchins and Jesuits have each their Chappels the Turks seven or eight Mosques and the Jews one Synagogue here The Maronites of Mount Libanus and the Armenian Greeks enjoy the like Liberties Without the City appear many Gardens of Oranges Citrons Tamarines Palm-trees and the Fig-trees of Adam so called because bearing a Leaf of the length of six foot and the breadth of two Adam it is supposed covered his nakedness with them It hath two small Fortresses but so far ruined as to remain indefensible The Turks keep a a Sangiack here under the Bassaw of Damascus a Cady or Judge and an Aga of the Janizaries The French a Consul All which Officers are handsomely lodged the rest of the Houses are ill built The Harbor formerly was capable of receiving many and great Vessels but is now choaked with Sand to that degree as to admit only of Skiffs whilst Ships lye in the road behind the Rocks for Shelter In the Christian times it was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Tyre The Eutychians held Council here of twenty four Bishops in 512 under the protection of the Emperour Anastasius In 1260 the Tartars became Masters of it from whom the Turks obtain'd it about one hundred and fifty years since There is now a Caemetery upon a part of the Mountain Antilibanus in the place where the Old Sidon stood for the use of the Christians of Seyde And the Maronites have a poor Chappel by it Seyne See Seine ◠Sezza Setia a City of Campagna di Roma in Italy of good Antiquity mentioned by Martial It is said to have sometime been a Bishop's See though not now Du Val places an Epispocal City of the same name in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Sfacchia Leuci a Range of Mountains in the Territory of Cydonia on the West side of the Island of Candy which gave name to the Sfacciotes who signalized themselves by their valiant resistance against the Turks when they endeavoured the ravishing that Island from the Seigniory of Venice of late years Shaftsbury Septonia a Town upon the Stoure in the North-East Borders of Dorsetshire towards Wiltshire seated in the form of a Bow on an high Hill which affords it a serene Air and a large delightful Prospect but deprives it very much of Water In the times of the Norman Conquest it had one hundred and four Houses and after this ten Parish Churches now three with about 500 Houses built of the Freestone of its own Hill Some write King Canutus the Dane died here This Town was built by King Alfred in 880 as Mr. Cambden proves from an old Inscription mentioned in William of Malmesbury In 1672 Charles II. created Anthony Ashley Cooper then Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Shaftsbury who died in Holland and his Son succeeded him in this Honour Shannon Shennyn or Shennonon Senus Sinejus a River in Ireland which is one of the principal in that Kingdom It ariseth in the County of Roscomon in the Province of Connaught out of Mount Slewnern and flowing Southward through Letrim forms a vast Lake called Myne Eske and Ree towards the North end of which on the East side stands Letrim in the middle Longford towards the South Ardagh on the West side Elphem and Roscomon and at some distance from the Lake to the South Athlone Beneath which comes in from the West the Logh a vast River from three other Lakes more to the West called Garoch Mesks and Ben-Carble on the East it receives the Anney so passing by Bannogh and Clonfort to the Lake of Derg at Kiloe it leaves that Lake and passeth to Limerick where it turns full West and between Munster to the South and Connaught to the North enters the Vergivian Ocean by a Mouth five Miles wide between Cape Leane and Cape Sanan having in this Course separated Leinster and Munster from Connaught Shap a large Village in the County of Westmorland in Westward near the River Lowther in which in the Reign of Henry I Thomas Son of Jospatrick founded an Abbey and the same was the only Abbey in this County There is near this Town a noted Well which ebbs and flows often in a day and a perfect Bow of vast Stones some nine foot high and fourteen thick pitch'd at equal distances from each other for for the space of a Mile Sheale a Town in the Bishoprick of Durham in Chester-ward upon the Mouth of the River Tine The Newcastle Coal-Fleet takes its Cargo here Sheffield a large well-built Market-town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the hundred of Strafford upon the River Dun of particular note for Iron Wares even in Chaucer's time who describes a Person with a Sheffield VVhittle by his side It shews the ruines of one of the five Castles formerly seated upon the same River Dun in the compass of ten Miles Corn especially is much bought up here for the supply of some parts of Derby and Nottingham shires as well as Yorkshire Shefford a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Clifton situated between two Rivulets which below it join to fall in one Stream into the Avon Sheppey Shepey Toliapis an Island on the Eastern Coast of Kent at the Mouth of the Thames and Medway Separated by the River Medway from Kent and on all other sides surrounded with the Sea About eight Miles long and six broad Fruitful in Pasturage and well watered especially on the South by Rivers The Danes Earl Goodwin his Sons and their Adherents much harassed it in former times Queensborough is its chief Town it hath several other Towns besides and hath been honoured with the Title of an Earldom in the Lady Dacres Countess of Shepey Shepton-Mallet or Malley a large Market Town in Somersetshire in the hundred of VVhiston Shipton a Market Town in VVorcestershire in the hundred of Oswalderston upon the River Stower It stands in a slip of the County taken off from VVarwickshire Shirburne Clarus Fons a Town and Castle in the North-West of Dorsetshire on the Borders of Somersetshire upon a River of the same Name which afterwards falls into the Parret the Capital of its Hundred Built on the side of an Hill in a fruitful and pleasant Country and much increased in the number of its Inhabitants and its Wealth by the Cloathing Trade In 704. a Bishop's See was erected here translated afterwards to Sunning and thence to Salisbury The Family of the Digbys Earls of Bristol are Barons of Shirburne § Also a Market Town in the West riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of
Abbat a Territory which lies between the Bishoprick of Leige and the Dukedom of Limburgh and Luxemburgh Stavern Stavera a small City of Friseland under the United Provinces in Westergow upon the Zuyder Zee four German Miles from Enchusen to the North and six from Vollenhove to the South-West It is a Sea-Port Town included in the Hanse League of old the Seat of the Kings of Friseland Steenberg Stenoberga a City in the Dukedom of Brabant under the Dutch and belonging particularly to the Prince of Orange Steenwick Stenovicum a Town in Over-Yssel in the Vnited Netherlands upon the River Aa in the Borders of West Friseland seventeen Miles from Zwol to the North and seven from the Zuyder Zee to the East Taken by Alexander Farnese Duke of Parma by Scalade and by the French in 1672 but deserted soon after Stegeborg Stegeburgum a small City in the Province of Ostrogothia with a Port or Harbour on the Baltick Sea under the King of Sweden sixteen Miles from Norcoping to the East Stella a Mountain in Galatia in the Lesser Asia near the City of Ancyra called by the Turks Almadag This is very remarkable for the Defeat of two great Princes in their times Mithridates who was here overthrown by Pompey the Great sixty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and Bajazet I. Emperor of the Turks here beaten and taken with his Son Musa by Tamerlane the Great in 1397. Which Victory if it had been followed by a vigorous Attack from all the Christian Princes united might by the Blessing of God have put an end to the Ottoman Family then Stenay Stenaeum Stenacum a strong City in the Dukedom of Lorain sometimes called Stathenay It lies in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Maes seven Leagues from Verdun to the North and six from Sedan to the South Taken by the French in 1654 and kept by them ever since now annexed to Champagne Sterling Sterling a Town and County in Scotland sometimes called Striveling on the North it has Mentith and Fife on the South the Cluyd on the East Lothian and on the West Lenox It takes its Name from Sterling a Town upon Dunbritoun Fryth This Town was so strong that the Victorious English durst not attempt it after their Victory at Dunbar But it was taken afterwards by General Monk in 1654. Stetin Stetinum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Pomerania in Germany called by the Germans Szcecin It stands upon the Oder over which it has a Bridge and is divided by it into two equal parts eight Miles from the Baltick Sea to the South four from the Confines of Brandenburgh and forty four from Dantzick to the South-West This City grew up after the Ruin of Vineta in the Isle of Vsedom ten Miles more to the North-West from a small Village to that greatness it now enjoys by becoming the Seat of the Dukes of Pomerania who lived here many Ages in a Castle of an elegant and noble Structure Otho the Father of Barnimius I. Founder of the Line of Stetin removed hither in 1345. This Family continued the Possession of it till 1630 when Gustavus Adolphus coming before it with an Army obtained an admission partly by force and partly by the terror of his Arms Bogislaus the last of that Line dying soon after The Right of the Succession undoubtedly belonged to the Duke of Brandenburgh but the Swedes being in Possession got their Right confirmed by the Treaty of Munster and kept this City till the year 1677. When the Duke of Brandenburgh coming before it with a powerful Army after a tedious Siege took it In 1679 by the Treaty of S. Germaine it was restored to the Swedes who are still in Possession of this very strong place See Pomerania It had been before attempted by the Imperial and Brandenburgh Forces united in 1659 and baffled the designs of those great Princes Olearius Long. 38. 45. Lat. 53. 27. Stevenedge a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater Steyning or Stening a Market Town and Borough in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape Having the privilege of the Election of two Parliament Men. Steyr Asturis a City of Austria four Miles from Lintz to the South Stift Ditio a word in the German Tongue which signifies a Dominion Country or Territory and frequently joyned with the Names of places as Stift von Luick the Dominion of Liege Stiria a Province of Germany stiled by the Inhabitants die Steyer or Steyer-marck which was a part of the Old Noricum or Vpper Pannonia towards the Muer and the Drave It is bounded on the East by Hungary on the North by Austria on the West by the Diocese of Saltzburgh and Carinthia and on the South by Carniola The Capital of it is Gratz the other Cities Cilley Kermend Marcpurg Petaw Pruckam Muer and Rakelspurg Canisa belongs also to this Province and reckoned to the Lower Hungary The Quadi were the old Inhabitants of this Country who being driven out by the Romans the Country was called Valeria in Honor of a Daughter of Dioclesian so called It was at first a Marquisate and by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperor changed into a Dukedom In length one hundred and ten Miles in breadth sixty for the most part barren being covered with the Spurs and Branches of the Alpes and rich in nothing but Minerals Ottacar the last Duke of this Province sold it to Leopold the Fifth Archduke of Austria who bought it with a part of that vast Ransom he extorted from Richard I. King of England about the year 1193. Tho it has been since granted to some younger Brothers of that Family yet it is now returned to the Emperor and not likely to be any more dismembred from the rest of the Hereditary Countries As to the Fertility of it Hoffman differs from Dr. Heylin who saith in Iron Mines it excels all the European Countries and wants nothing that is useful it abounding with Wine Corn Cattle and Salt Stirone Sisterio a small River of Lombardy in the Dukedom of Parma which watering Burgo di S. Domino falls into the Taro four Miles above its fall into the Po. Stives Thebae a City once of great Renown but now a poor Village in Greece fifty Miles from Athens to the North Sophianus calls it Thiva The Turks abandoned it after the taking of Athens to collect their Strength into one Body at Negropont Whereupon General Morosini in 1687 possessed himself of it But finding it of little use to keep he razed the Fortifications which were in great part ruined before and abandoned it also See Thebae Stocksbridge a Market Town and Borough in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Kingombom upon the River Test Represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Stockholm Holmia is a very great City and the Capital of the Kingdom of Sweden standing in the Province of Vpland in the Borders of Sudermania Heretofore a place of small consideration but having for the two last