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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A71306	Purchas his pilgrimes. part 4 In fiue bookes. The first, contayning the voyages and peregrinations made by ancient kings, patriarkes, apostles, philosophers, and others, to and thorow the remoter parts of the knowne world: enquiries also of languages and religions, especially of the moderne diuersified professions of Christianitie. The second, a description of all the circum-nauigations of the globe. The third, nauigations and voyages of English-men, alongst the coasts of Africa ... The fourth, English voyages beyond the East Indies, to the ilands of Iapan, China, Cauchinchina, the Philippinæ with others ... The fifth, nauigations, voyages, traffiques, discoueries, of the English nation in the easterne parts of the world ... The first part.	Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.	1625 (1625)	STC 20509_pt4; ESTC S111862	1,854,238	887

PVRCHAS HIS PILGRIMES IN FIVE BOOKES The sixth Contayning English Voyages to the East West and South parts of America Many Sea and Land Fights Inuasions and Uictories against the Spaniards in those parts and the Spanish Ilands and Coast Townes on this side Plantations in Guiana and many strange aduentures of English-men amongst the Americans The seuenth Voyages to and about the Southerne America with many Marine Obseruations and Discourses of those Seas and Lands by English-men and others The eighth Voyages to and Land-Trauels in Florida Virgina and other parts of the Notherne AMERICA French Plantings Spanish Supplantings English-Virginian voyages and to the Ilands AZORES The ninth English Plantations Discoueries Acts and Occurrents in Virginia and Summer Ilands since the Yeere 1606. till 1624. The tenth English Discoueries and Plantations in New England New-found-land with the Patent and Voyuges to New Scotland Relations also of the Fleets set forth by Queene ELIZABETH against the Spaniards The Fourth Part. Unus Deus Una Veritas LONDON Printed by William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone and are to be sold at his shop in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the Rose 1625. TO THE MOST REVEREND FATHER IN GOD GEORGE Lord Archb. of Canterburie His Grace Primate of all ENGLAND and Metropolitan One of HIS MAIESTIES most HONORABLE PRIVIE COVNCELL His very good Lord. HAuing brought vnto your Grace the Sheafe of my first Fruits to bee waued before the Lord I am bold now also to offer not after 7. but aboue 77. weekes these waue loaues for my haruest that both may bee hallowed by the same Priestly hand in which respect your Graces Name which first honored my Pilgrimage hath the last place in these Pilgrime-Volumes that my All might be blessed by your gracious embracing the Alpha and Omega of my Dedications and might bee by your Fatherly benediction commended to vulgar vse The sutablenesse of the former worke to your Graces Place and recreations caused the former presumption but now the Author by frequent Dedications knowne and graciously acknowledged Yours how vnprofitable a seruant soeuer is guiltie not of single boldnesse beautifying the Frontispice with His Highnesse Name vnto your Graces entertainment especially in this time so many wayes Festiu●ll that your Graces Name and entertainment might so much more Entitle and Endeare the same to His Highnesse The authorising of Books in iustest order belongeth to your Grace as doth the Author also whose mistie conceits of ignorance or smokie vapours of ambition suffering the exhaling rayes of Princely heat and Highnesse hope in the Middle Region of your Gracious and vertuous moderation to be so mildly attempered that they shall neither fall short in vanishing dewes nor be reiected after a short blaze as falling Starres nor transcend into combustious Comets nor fall downe in furious Stormes but gently descend as fresh and fruitfull Showers on the thirstie Candid Readers Pardon farre-fetched similitudes to a Historie of farre-fetched rarities and the Elements of the world borrowed to patronise our world of literate Elements not being as the commendable labours of Others a Booke of Voyages and Trauels in the world but the World historised in a world of Voyages and Trauels Wherein our Ship hath beene longer in her Circum-Nauigation then any of the World-Compassers here related often in danger to be ouerset whiles the Authors impotent and impatient Genius filled all her sailes to the Top and Top-gallant beyond the proportion of her balast whereby some leakes of vnwitting errors happening in so new a course thorow so various Seas implore your Graces indulgence to the Ship and Pilot. Sir Francis Drake a Ministers sonne after a happy inuironing of the Globe feasted Queene Elisabeth aboord his Argo and then laid her vp at Deptford deuoting her Carkasse to Time Her or rather his exploits to Fame and Eternitie An English Minister beginneth and endeth his more then Circling Nauigation with the glorious Name of His Maiestie in poore but his best entertainment and returning thus manned and freighted humbly sueth to bee laid vp in the Liberties and Libraries of Saint Iames Yorke-house Westminster and Lambith Here also the Pilot further petitioneth that his Body being more leakie then his Ship your Grace to whom principally the promise was made will accept this Part of payment in satisfaction of the whole debt of his Europaean Peregrination and Christian Visitations But a long Epistle were injurie to your Graces more necèssarie imployments for the Church and State My selfe am the Epistle this Worke the Seale this Epistle but the Superscription these Pilgrimes all humble Sutors for your Gracious fauour to the worst of Your Graces SAMVEL PVRCHAS ENGLISH VOYAGES TO THE EAST WEST AND SOVTH PARTS OF AMERICA MANY SEA AND LAND FIGHTS INVASIONS AND VICTORIES AGAINST THE SPANIARDS IN those parts and the Spanish Ilands and coast Townes on this side plantations in GVIANA and many strange aduentures of Englishmen amongst the AMERICANS THE SIXTH BOOKE CHAP. 1. A briefe Relation of the seuerall Voyages vndertaken and performed by the Right Honorable GEORGE Earle of Cumberland in his owne person or at his owne charge and by his direction collected out of the Relations and Iournals of credible persons Actors therein THe first Voyage of this Right Honorable Earle was intended to the South Sea and begun from Grauesend Iune 26. 1585. with three Ships and a Pinnace the Red Dragon Admirall of 260. Tunnes with 130. men commanded by Captaine Robert Widrington the Barke Clifford Vice-admirall of 130. Tunnes with 70. men commanded by Captaine Christopher Lister he had beene taken prisoner in Barbarie at the battell of Alcassar in which King Sebastian was slaine the Roe Rere-admirall commanded by Captaine Hawes the Dorothee a small Pinnace of Sir Walter Raleighs This voyage being published at large in Master Hakluyts printed voyages I will here but briefly runne ouer Septemb. 7. they fell with the Coast of Barbarie haling in with the Road of Santa Cruce after that they anchored in Rio del Oro and searched vp the Riuer finding it fourteene or fifteene leagues vpward as broad as at the mouth some two leagues ouer The last of September they resolued for Sierra Leona from whence they departed the seuenth of Nouember The fourth of Ianuarie they fell with the American shoare in 30. degrees and 40. minutes South latitude the weather temperate Ian. 10. they tooke a little short of the Riuer of Plate a small Portugall ship and in her Abraham Cock of Leigh neere London married in that Country who was brought home by the Admirall They learned that in that Riuer were fiue Townes each of seuentie housholds or more Buenos Aeres fiftie leagues vp the Riuer the rest fortie or fiftie aboue each other Tuccaman the vppermost 230. leagues from the entrance In which was store of Corne Cattell Fruits but neither Siluer nor Gold In this Barke were fiue and fortie Negroes The next day they tooke another in which were fiue and thirtie Negro women foure

that as throwes of a grieuous trauell they brought forth a Virgin both Truth to the Church and Queene to the State the one a fruitfull Mother to the soules the other to the wealth honour domesticke peace forraine victories and Nauall glorie of the English Nation This renowned Queene eight and thirty yeeres after vnable to alter that decree of the windes which now seemed themselues and forced Calis to become Spanish would try their windy fidelity in another expedition and prepared a strong Fleet to inuade the Spanish coast The charge whereof she committed to the Lord Robert Earle of Essex and the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England who came vnto Plymmouth about the beginning of May 1596. being there accompanied with diuers other noble Peeres as the Earle of Sussex the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Herbert the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere the Lord Burk Don Christopher yong Prince of Portugall yong Count Lodouick of Nassaw and the Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Iohn Vanderfoord besides many other most worthy Knights and Gentlemen of great worth attending vpon this most honorable Action It pleased them there to make their aboade for the time of that moneth aswell for the new furnishing and reuictualing of her Maiesties Royall Nauie as also for the expecting of some other ships which were to come from diuers places of the Realme and were as yet wanting Before their departure from Plymmouth it pleased their Lordships to publish in Print and make knowne to all the world especially to such as it concerned and that both in the Latine French Dutch English and Spanish tongue what were the true iust and vrgent causes that at this time prouoked her Maiestie to vndertake the preparing and setting forth of this so great a Nauie namely the King of Spaines preparations against her who had before whiles hee treated of peace Anno 1588. prepared to inuade her coast and now also to that purpose daily encreased his Nauie If therefore any should furnish the Spaniard with munition and prouisions they should expect what force could doe for all others of whatsoeuer Nation they aduised them to forsake the Spanish and Portugall Ports or to ioyne with the English for their owne security they hauing no quarrell in this designe but against the Spaniard Thus then all things being in a very good order and well appointed the most holy name of our Omnipotent God being most religiously and deuoutly called vpon ' and his blessed and sacred Communion being diuers times most reuerently and publikely celebrated being furnished with one hundred and fiftie good saile of ships or thereabout In the name of the most high and euerliuing God the first day of Iune they embarked themselues weighed Ancre and hoysed vp faile and put to Sea onward their iourney from the Sownds of Plymmouth to shew her Maiesties religious intendments in this exploit I haue thought good to adde here a Prayer made by her selfe as was reported and vsed as it was fitted for that designe MOst Omnipotent maker and guide of all our worlds masse that e●ely searchest and fadomest the bottome of all our hearts conceits and in them seest the true originals of all our actions intended thou that by thy foresight doest truely discerne how no malice of reuenge nor quittance of iniurie nor desire of bloudshed nor greedinesse of lucre hath bred the resolution of our n●w set out Army but a heedefull care and wary watch that no neglect of fees nor ouer-suretie of harme might breede either danger to vs or glory to them these being the grounds wherewith thou doest enspire the minde we humbly beseech thee with bended knees prosper the worke and with best forewindes guide the iourney speede the victory and make the returne the aduancement of thy glory the triumph of their f 〈…〉 e and surety to the Realme with the least losse of the English bloud To these deuout petitions Lord giue thou thy blessed grant The ninth of the same moneth comming something neere to the North Cape in a manner in the same altitude or not much differing which was about 43. degrees and something more yet bearing so as it was impossible to be descried from the land There it pleased the Lords to call a select Councell which was alwaies done by hanging out of a Flagge of the Armes of England and shooting off a great warning peece Of this select or priuie Counsell were no moe then these The two Lords Generall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Anthony Ashley Clarke of the said Counsell And when it pleased the Lords Generall to call a common Counsell as of tentimes they did vpon weighty matters best knowne to their honours then they would cause another kinde of Flag to be hanged out which was the red Crosse of S. George and was very easie to be discerned from the other that appertained onely to the select Counsell and so often as this Flag of S. George was hanged out then came all the Masters and Captaines of all the ships whose opinions were to be demanded in such matters as appertained vnto the said select Counsell It was presently concluded that our course in sailing should forthwith be altered and that we should beare more into the West for some purposes to them best knowne At that instant many Letters of instructions were addressed and sent to euery particular Master and Captaine of the Ships What the contents of those Letters of instructions were it was not as yet knowne vnto any neither was it held meete to be enquired or knowne of any of vs. But vnder the titles and superscriptions of euery mans particuler Letter these words were endorsed Open not these Letters on paine of your liues vnlesse wee chance to be scattered by tempest and in that case open them and execute the contents thereof but if by mishap you fall into your enemies hand then in any case cast them into the Sea sealed as they are It should seeme that these Letters did containe in them the principall place and meaning of this entended action which was hitherto by their deepe foresights kept so secret as no man to my knowledge ei●her did or could so much as suspect it more then themselues who had the onely managing thereof All this while our ships God be thanked kept in a most excellent good order being deuided into fiue squadrons that is to say The Earle of Essex the Lord Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh and the Admirall of the Hollanders All which squadrons albeit they did euery day separate themselues of purpose by the distance of certaine leagues as well to looke out for such ships as were happily vnder saile as also for the better procuring of Sea-roome yet alwayes commonly either that day or the next day toward euening they

of this their imployment sent presently his Messengers to Captaine Smith to signifie it was not his fault to detayne them nor hinder his men from executing his command nor did hee nor would he mayntaine them or any to occasion his displeasure But ere this businesse was brought to a point God hauing seene our misery sufficient sent in Captaine Argall to fish for Sturgeon with a ship well furnished with Wine and Bisket which though it was not sent vs such were our occasions we tooke it at a price but left him sufficient to returne for England still dissembling Valdo his villany but certainly he had not escaped had the President continued Notwithstanding this Valdo comming for England pretending to the Company what rich Mynes he had found for which he was verie much fauoured rewarded and respected but returning with the Lord La-ware he could not performe any thing hee promised and thus also hauing coozened them all died both basely and miserably For the rest of his Consorts vpon the arriuall of the Lord La-ware whom they highly recommended to Powhatan promising what great wonders they would worke with his Lordship would he giue them leaue to goe to him but when he saw they would be gone he replied as you would haue betrayed Captaine Smith to me so will you me to this Lord for you that would be so false to him cannot be true to me so caused his men to beat out their braines as the Sauages reported to diuers that came from thence TO redresse those iarres and ill proceedings the Councell in England altered the gouernment and deuolued the authoritie to the Lord De-la-ware Who for his Deputie sent Sir Thomas Gales and Sir George Somers with nine ships and fiue hundred persons they set saile from England in May 1609. a small Catch perished at Sea in a Herycano The Admirall with 150. men with the two Knights and their new Commission their Bils of loading with all manner of directions and the most part of their prouision arriued not With the other seuen as Captaines arriued Ratliffe whose right name was Sickelmore Martin and Archer Who as they had beene troublesome at Sea began againe to marre all ashore For though as is said they were formerly deposed and sent for England yet now returning againe graced by the title of Captaines of the passengers seeing the Admirall wanting and great probabilitie of her losse strengthned themselues with those new Companies so railing and exclayming against Captaine Smith that they mortally hated him ere euer they saw him Who vnderstanding by his Scowts the arriuall of such a fleet little dreaming of any such supply supposing them Spaniards he so determined and ordered his affaires as we little feared their arriuall nor the successe of our incounter nor were the Sauages any way negligent or vnwilling to aide and assist vs with their best power had it so beene we had beene happy For we would not haue trusted them but as our foes whereas receiuing those as our Countrimen and friends they did their best to murder our President to surprize the store the Fort and our Lodgings to vsurpe the gouernment and make vs all their seruants and slaues to our owne merit To a thousand mischiefes those lewd Captaines led this lewd company wherein were many vnruly Gallants packed thether by their friends to escape ill Destinies and those would dispose and determine of the gouernment sometimes one the next day another to day the old Commission to morrow the new the next day by neither In fine they would rule all or ruine all yet in Charitie wee must endure them thus to destroy vs or by correcting their follies haue brought the Worlds censure vpon vs to haue beene guiltie of their blouds Happie had we beene had they neuer arriued and wee for euer abandoned and as wee were left to our fortunes for on Earth was neuer more confusion or misery then their factions occasioned The President seeing the desire those Braues had to rule seeing how his authoritie was so vnexpectedly changed would willingly haue left all and returned for England but seeing there was small hope this new Commission would arriue longer hee would not suffer those factious spirits to proceed It would be too tedious too strange and almost incredible should I particularly relate the infinite dangers plots and practises hee daily escaped amongst this factious crue the chiefe whereof hee quickly laid by the heeles till his leasure better serued to doe them Iustice and to take away all occasions of further mischiefe Master Percie had his request granted to returne for England and Master West with one hundred and twentie went to plant at the Falls Martin with neere as many to Nansamund with their due proportions of all prouisions according to their numbers Now the Presidents yeere being neere expired he made Martin President who knowing his owne insufficie●cie and the Companies scorne and conceit of his vnworthinesse within three houres resigned it againe to Captaine Smith and at Nansamund thus proceeded The people being Contributors vsed him kindly yet such was his iealous feare and cowardize in the midst of his mirth he did surprize this poore naked King with his Monuments Houses and the I le hee inhabited and there fortified himselfe but so apparantly distracted with feare as imboldned the Sauages to assault him kill his men redeeme their King gather and carrie away more then one thousand bushels of Corne he not once daring to intercept them But sent to the President then at the Falls for thirtie good shot which from Iames Towne immediatly were sent him but he so well imployed them as they did iust nothing but returned complayning of his childishnesse that with them fled from his company and so left them to their fortunes Master West hauing seated his men at the Falls presently returned to reuisit Iames Towne the President met him by the way as hee followed him to the Falls where hee found this Company inconsiderately seated in a place not only subiect to the Riuers inundation but round inuironed with many intollerable inconueniences For remedy whereof hee sent presently to Powhatan to sell him the place called Powhatan promising to defend him against the Monacans and these should be his conditions with his people to resigne him the Fort and Houses and all that Countrey for a proportion of Copper that all stealing offenders should bee sent him there to receiue their punishment that euery House as a custome should pay him a bushell of Corne for an inch square of Copper and a proportion of Po●ones as a yeerely Tribute to King Iames for their protection as a dutie what else they could spare to barter at their best discretion But both this excellent place and those good conditions did those furies refuse contemning both him his kinde care and authoritie the worst they could to shew their spight they did I doe more then wonder to thinke how only with fiue men

long Boat was the care which hee tooke for the estate of the Colony in this his inforced absence for by a long practised experience foreseeing and fearing what innouation and tumult might happily arise amongst the younger and ambitious spirits of the new companies to arriue in Virginia now comming with him along in this same Fleet hee framed his letters to the Colony and by a particular Commission confirmed Captaine Peter Win his Lieutenant Gouernour with an Assistance of sixe Counsellours writing withall to diuers and such Gentlemen of qualitie and knowledge of vertue and to such louers of goodnesse in this cause whom hee knew intreating them by giuing examples in themselues of duty and obedience to assist likewise the said Lieutenant Gouernour against such as should attempt the innouating of the person now named by him or forme of gouernment which in some Articles hee did likewise prescribe vnto them and had faire hopes all should goe well if these his letters might arriue there vntill such time as either some Ship there which hee fairely beleeued might bee moued presently to aduenture for him or that it should please the right honourable the Lordes and the rest of his Maiesties Councell in England to addresse thither the right honourable the Lord Lawar one of more eminencie and worthinesse as the proiect was before his comming forth whilest by their honourable fauours a charitable consideration in like manner might bee taken of our estates to redeeme vs from hence For which purpose likewise our Gouernour directed a particular letter to the Councell in England and sent it to the foresaid Captaine Peter Winne his now to bee chosen Lieutenant Gouernour by him to bee dispatched which is the first from thence into England In his absence Sir George Summers coasted the Ilands and drew the former plat of them and daily fished and hunted for our whole company vntill the seuen and twentieth of Nouember when then well perceiuing that we were not likely to heare from Virginia and conceiuing how the Pinnace which Richard Frubbusher was a building would not be of burthen sufficient to transport all our men from thence into Uirginia especially considering the season of the yeare wherein we were likely to put off he consulted with our Gouernour that if hee might haue two Carpenters for we had foure such as they were and twenty men ouer with him into the maine Iland he would quickly frame vp another little Barke to second ours for the better fitting and conueiance of our people Our Gouernour with many thankes as the cause required cherishing this so carefull and religious consideration in him and whose experience likewise was somewhat in these affaires granted him all things sutable to his desire and to the furthering of the worke who therefore had made ready for him all such tooles and instruments as our owne vse required not and for him were drawne forth twenty of the ablest and stoutest of the company and the best of our men to hew and square timber when himselfe then with daily paines and labour wrought vpon a small Vessell which was soone ready as ours at which wee leaue him a while busied and returne to our selues In the meane space did one Frubbusher borne at Graues end and at his comming forth now dwelling at Lime House a painefull and well experienced Shipwright and skilfull workman labour the building of a little Pinnace for the furtherance of which the Gouernour dispensed with no ●rauaile of his body nor forbare any care or study of minde perswading as much and more an ill qualified parcell of people by his owne performance then by authority thereby to hold them at their worke namely to fell carry and sawe Cedar ●t for the Carpenters purpose for what was so meane whereto he would not himselfe set his hand being therefore vp earely and downe late yet neuerthelesse were they hardly drawne to it as the Tortoise to the inchantment as the Prouerbe is but his owne presence and hand being set to euery meane labour and imployed so readily to euery office made our people at length more diligent and willing to be called thereunto where they should see him before they came In which we may obserue how much example preuailes aboue precepts and how readier men are to be led by eyes then eares And sure it was happy for vs who had now runne this fortune and were fallen into the bottome of this misery that we both had our Gouernour with vs and one so solicitous and carefull whose both example as I said and authority could lay shame and command vpon our people else I am perswaded we had most of vs finished our dayes there so willing were the ma●or part of the common sort especially when they found such a plenty of victuals to settle a foundation of euer inhabiting there as well appeared by many practises of theirs and perhaps of some of the better sort Loe what are our affections and passions if not rightly squared how irreligious and irregular they expresse vs not perhaps so ill as we would be but yet as wee are some dangerous and secret discontents nourished amongst vs had like to haue bin the parents of bloudy issues and mischiefes they began first in the Sea-men who in time had fastened vnto them by false baits many of our land-men likewise and some of whom for opinion of their Religion was carried an extraordinary and good respect The Angles wherewith chiefely they thus hooked in these disquieted Pooles were how that in Uirginia nothing but wretchednesse and labour must be expected with many wants and a churlish intreaty there being neither that Fish Flesh nor Fowle which here without wasting on the one part or watching on theirs or any threatning and are of authority at ease and pleasure might be inioyed and since both in the one and the other place they were for the time to loose the fruition both of their friends and Countrey as good and better were it for them to repose and seate them where they should haue the least outward wants the while This thus preached and published each to other though by such who neuer had bin more onward towards Virginia then before this Voyage a Sculler could happily rowe him and what hath a more adamantiue power to draw vnto it the consent and attraction of the idle vntoward and wretched number of the many then liberty and fulnesse of sensuality begat such a murmur and such a discontent and disunion of hearts and hands from this labour and forwarding the meanes of redeeming vs from hence as each one wrought with his Mate how to diuorse him from the same And first and it was the first of September a conspiracy was discouered of which six were found principals who had promised each vnto the other not to set their hands to any trauaile or endeauour which might expedite or forward this Pinnace and each of these had seuerally according to appointment sought

pretended out of their commisserations to referre him to the Councell in England to receiue a check rather then by particulating his designes make him so odious to the world as to touch his life or vtterly ouerthrow his reputation but he much scorned their charitie and publikely defied the vttermost of their crueltie hee wisely preuented their policies though hee could not suppresse their enuies yet so well hee demeaned himselfe in this businesse as all the Company did see his innocencie and his aduersaries malice and those which had beene subborned to accuse him accused his accusers of subornation many vntruths were alledged against him but being so apparantly disproued begat a generall hatred in the hearts of the Company against such vniust Commanders many were the mischiefes that daily sprung from their ignorant yet ambitious spirits but the good doctrine and exhortation of our Preacher Master Hunt reconciled them and caused Captaine Smith to be admitted of the Councell the next day all receiued the Communion the day following the Sauages voluntarily desired peace and Captaine Newport returned for England with newes leauing in Virginia one hundred the fifteenth of Iune 1607. The names of them that were the first planters were these following Master Edward-Maria Wingfield Captaine Bartholomew Gosnoll Capt. Iohn Smith Capt. Iohn Ratcliffe Cap. Iohn Martin Capt. George Kendall Councellors M. George Piercy M. Robert Hunt Preacher Anthony Gosnoll Capt. Gabrill Archer Rob. Ford William Brustar Dru Pickhouse Iohn Brookes Thomas Sands Iohn Robinson Vstis Clonill Kellam Throgmorton Nathaniell Powell Robert Behethland Ieremy Alicock Thomas Studley Richard Crofts Nicholas Houlgraue Thomas Webbe Iohn Waler William Tankard Francis Snarsbrough Edward Brookes Richard Dixon Iohn Martin George Martin Anthony Gosnold Thomas Wotton Seirg Thomas Gore Francis Midwinter Gentlemen William Laxon Edward Pising Tho. Emry Rob. Small Carpenters Anas Todkill Iohn Capper Iames Read Blacksmith Ionas Profit Sailer Tho. Couper Barber Iohn Herd Brick-layer William Garret Brick-layer Edward Brinto Mason William Loue Taylor Nic. Skot Drum Iohn Laydon William Cassen George Cassen Tho. Cassen William Rods William White Ould Edward Henry Tauin George Golding Iohn Dods Will. Iohnson Will. Vnger Labourers Will. Wilkinson Surgeon Samuell Collier Nat. Pecock Iames Brumfield Rich. Mutton with diuers others to the number of one hundred and fiue BEing thus left to our fortunes it fortuned that within ten dayes scarce ten amongst vs could either goe or well stand such extreame weaknesse and sicknesse oppressed vs. And thereat none need maruell if they consider the cause and reason which was this whilest the ships stayed our allowance was somewhat bettered by a daily proportion of bisket which the Saylers would pilfer to sell giue or exchange with vs for money saxefras furres or loue But when they departed there remained neither Tauerne Beere-house nor place of reliefe but the common kettell Had we beene as free from all sinnes as gluttony and drunkennesse we might haue beene canonized for Saints But our President would neuer haue beene admitted for ingrossing to his priuate Otemeale Sack Oile Aquavitae Beefe Egges or what not but the kettel that indeed he allowed equally to be distributed and that was halfe a pinte of Wheat and as much Barly boiled with water for a man a day and this hauing fryed some six and twentie weekes in the ships hold contained as many wormes as graines so that wee might truely call it rather so much Bran then Corne our drinke was water our lodgings castles in aire with this lodging and diet our extreame toile in bearing and planting Pallisadoes so strained and bruised vs and our continuall labour in the extreamitie of heat had so weakned vs as were cause sufficient to haue made vs as miserable in our natiue Countrey or any other place in the world From May to September those that escaped liued vpon Sturgion and Sea-Crabs fiftie in this time we buried The rest seeing the Presidents proiects to escape these miseries in our Pinnace by flight who all this time had neither felt want nor sicknesse so moued our dead spirits as wee deposed him and established Ratcliffe in his place Gosnoll being dead Kendall deposed Smith newly recouered Martin and Ratliffe was by his care preserued and relieued but now was all our prouision spent the Sturgeon gone all helpes abandoned each houre expecting the fury of the Sauages when God the Patron of all good indeauours in that desperat extreamitie so changed the hearts of the Sauages that they brought such plentie of their fruits and prouision as no man wanted The new President and Martin being little beloued of weake iudgement in dangers and lesse industry in peace committed the managing of all things abroad to Captaine Smith who by his owne example good words and faire promises set some to mow others to binde thatch some to build houses others to thatch them himselfe alwaies bearing the greatest taske for his owne share so that in short time he prouided most of them lodgings neglecting any for himselfe This done seeing the Sauages superfluitie begin to decrease with some of his workmen hee shipped himselfe in the shallop to search the Countrey for trade the want of the language knowledge to mannage his Boat without Sailers the want of sufficient power knowing the multitude of the Sauages apparell for his men and other necessaries were infinite impediments yet no discouragement Being but sixe or seuen in company hee went downe the Riuer to Kecoughtan where at first they scorned him as a starued man and would in derision offer him a handfull of Corne or a piece of Bread for their Swords and Muskets and such like proportions also for their apparell But seeing by trade there was nothing to be had necessitie forced him to exceed his Commission and to vse his Muskets to another kind of trading which made these deriders flye to the Woods Hee hasted to their houses and found store of Corne from which the hungry Souldiers were hardly detained in bastier spoile to haue betrayed themselues to the returning Sauages assault This sixtie or seuenty did presently with hideous noise to the eare and manifold colours painted to the eye singing and dancing with their Okee which was an Idol made with skins stuffed with mosse all painted and hanged with Chaines and Copper borne before them and being well armed with Clubs Targets Bowes and Arrowes they charged the English who so kindly receiued them with their Muskets loaden with Pistoll shot that downe fell their God and diuers of his worshippers lay sprauling on the ground the rest flying to the Woods Soone after they sent one of their Quiyoughcasucks to offer peace and redeeme their Okee Smith agreed that if onely sixe would come vnarmed and load his Boat with Corne hee would be their friend restore their Okee and giue them also Beads Copper Hatchets which on beth sides was performed to mutuall content and they brought him singing and dansing Venison Turkeys wild Fowle Bread

apprehended Within two or three daies we arriued at Pamavnke the King as many daies entertained vs with feasting and much mirth and the day he appointed to begin our trade the President with M. Persie M. West M. Russell M. Beheathland M. Powell M. Crashaw M. Ford and some others to the number of fifteene went vp to Opechancanoughs house neere a quarter of a mile from the Riuer where we found nothing but a lame fellow and a boy and all the houses about of all things abandoned not long wee staid ere the King arriued and after him came diuers of his people loaded with Bowes and Arrowes but such pinching commodities and those esteemed at such a value as our Captaine began with him in this manner Opechancanough the great loue you professe with your tongue seemes meere deceit by your actions last yeere you kindly fraughted our ship but now you haue inuited me to starue with hunger You know my want and I your plentie of which by some meanes I must haue a part remember it is fit for Kings to keepe their promise here are my commodities whereof take your choice the rest I will proportion fit bargaines for your people The King seemed kindly to accept his offer and the better to colour his proiect sold vs what they had to our owne content promising the next day more company better prouided the Barges and Pinnace being committed to the charge of M. Phetiplace the President with his old fifteene marched vp to the Kings house where wee found foure or fiue men newly come with great Baskets Not long after came the King who with a strained cheerefulnesse held vs with discourse what paines he had taken to keepe his promise till M. Russell brought vs in newes that we were all betrayed for at least sixe or seuen hundred of well appointed Indians had inuironed the house and beset the fields The King coniecturing what Russell related wee could well perceiue how the extremitie of his feare bewrayed his intent whereat some of our company seeming dismayed with the thought of such a multitude the Captaine incouraged vs after th●s manner Worthy Country-men were the mischiefes of my seeming friends no more then the danger of these enemies I little cared were they as many more if you dare doe but as I. But this is my torment that if I escape them our malicious Councell with their open mouthed Minions will make me such a peace-breaker in their opinions in England as will breake my necke I could wish those here that make these seeme Saints and me an Oppressor But this is the worst of all wherein I pray aide me with your opinions should we begin with them and surprize this King we cannot keepe him and defend well our selues if wee should each kill our man and so proceed withall in this house the rest will all fly then shall we get no more then the bodies that are slaine and then starue for victuall as for their furie it is the least danger for well you know being alone assaulted with two or three hundred of them I made them compound to saue my life and we are now sixteene and they but seuen hundred at the most and assure your selues GOD will so assist vs that if you dare but to stand to discharge your Peeces the verie smoake will be sufficient to affright them yet howsoeuer if there be occasion let vs fight like men and not die like sheepe but first I will deale with them to bring it to passe we may fight for some thing and draw them to it by conditions If you like this motion promise me you le be valiant The time not permitting any argument all vowed to execute whatsoeuer he attempted or die whereupon the Captaine approaching the King bespoke him in this manner I see Opechancanough your plot is to murder me but I feare it not as yet your men and mine haue done no harme but by our directions Take therefore your Armes you see mine my bodie shall bee as naked as yours the I le in your Riuer is a fit place if you be contented and the conquerour of vs two shall be Lord and Master ouer all our men otherwaies draw all your men into the field if you haue not enough take time to fetch more and bring what number you will so euerie one bring a basket of Corne against all which I will stake the value in Copper you see I haue but fifteene men and our game shall be The conquerour take all The King being guarded with fiftie or sixtie of the chiefe men seemed kindly to appease Smiths suspition of vnkindnesse by a great present at the doore they intreated him to receiue This was to draw him without the doore where the present was guarded with at the least two hundred men and thirtie lying vnder a great tree that lay thwart as a Barricado each his Arrow nocked ready to shoot some the President commanded to go see what kind of deceit this was and to receiue the Present but they refused to doe it yet diuers offered whom he would not permit but commanding M. Persie and M. West to make good the-house to M. Powell and M. Beheathland to guard the doore and in such a rage snatched the King by his long locke of haire in the midst of his men with his Pistoll readie bent against his brest he instantly yeelded his Bow and Arrowes and sued for his life Thus he led the King neere dead with feare amongst all his people who deliuering the Captaine his Bow and arrowes all his men were easily intreated to cast downe their Armes little dreaming any durst in that manner haue vsed their King who then to escape himselfe bestowed his Presents in good sadnesse And hauing caused all his multitude to approach disarmed the President argued with them to this effect I see you Pamavnkies the great desire you haue to cut my throat and my long suffering your iniuries haue inboldned you to his presumption The cause I haue forborne your insolencies is the promise I made you before the God I serue to be your friend till you giue mee iust cause to bee your enemy If I keepe this vow my God will keepe me you cannot hurt me if I breake it he will destroy me But if you shoot but one Arrow to shed one drop of bloud of any of my men or steale the least of these Beades or Copper I spurne before me with my foot you shall see I will not cease reuenge if once I begin so long as I can heare where to find one of your Nation that will not deny the name of Pamavnke I am not now at Rasseneac halfe drown'd with mire where you tooke me prisoner yet then for keeping promise and your good vsage and sauing my life I so affect you that your denialls of your treacherie doth halfe perswade me to mistake my selfe But if I be the marke you aime at here I