Kingdoms and to show how they succeed to all who ever pretended to Monarchy in any of them As to the British part of the Isle Aurelius Ambrosius was by common consent chosen sole Prince of all the Britons And he had no other Succession save two Daughters Anna married to the King of the Picts and Ada married to the King of the Scots Mordredus King of the Picts Grand-child to the foresaid Aurelius finding himself debarr'd from the Succession of the British Crown employ'd the Scots who fought for him against the Britons But the Britons having called in the Saxons after a bloody Battel both Parties were forced to withdraw and the King of the Picts was induc'd to desist from his Pretentions at that time But thereafter Hungus King of the Picts and the direct Heir of the same Mordredus and consequently of Ambrosius King of the Britons gave his Sister Fergusiana to Achaius King of the Scots and in her Right Alpin King of Scotland succeeded both to the British and Pictish Crowns Hungus having died without any Children Kenneth the 2d Son to Alpin was forc'd to conquer the Picts who refus'd unjustly to receive him as their lawful King Our Kings are likewise Lineal Heirs of the Danish-Race who were Kings of England for 27 or as others say 29 Years they being the only Lineal Successors of Canutus King of the Danes in Britain for Margaret Wife to King Malcolm the 3d was Sister to Edgar which Edgar was Grand-child to St. Edward who was Brother to Hardiknut Son to Canutus After this the Kingdom of England return'd to the old Stock in King Edward's Time to whom succeeded Edgar whose Sister the pious Queen Margaret married King Malcolm the 3d of Scotland by whom he came to have right to the Crown of England there being none extant of the old Royal-Saxon-Line besides her self And with her came very many of the Nobility who fled from William the Conquerour after he conquer'd England and with whom King Malcolm would not make Peace till such of them as resolved to return were restored to their Estates The next Royal-Race which flourished in England was the Norman and to that Race our Kings succeeded thus The Line of William the Conqueror was branch'd out in the Houses of Lancaster and York To the House of Lancaster they succeed as Heirs by the marriage betwixt Ioan Daughter to the Duke of Somerset and undoubted Successor of the Family of Lancaster And to both Lancaster and York they succeed by being Heirs to Henry the 7th in whom these Successions were again happily reconcil'd he having married Elizabeth eldest Daughter to Edward the 4th who had transferred the Succession of the Crown from the House of Lancaster to that of York or at least had united the two in one For clearing whereof it is fit to know that Henry the 7th had only four Children Arthur Henry Margaret and Mary Arthur and Henry dying without Succession the Right of the Crown was certainly devolv'd upon the Children of Margaret the Daughter who did bear King Iames the 5th in a first Marriage with King Iames the 4th and Margaret Dowglas by a second Marriage with the Earl of Angus which Margaret being married to Matthew Earl of Lenox had two Sons the eldest whereof was Henry who thereafter married Queen Mary Daughter to King Iames the 5th and begot upon her King Iames the 6th and thus King Iames the 6th was upon all sides Heir to William the Conquerour and to Henry the 7th The Histories also of both Nations confess that our King is the undoubted Successor of the Blood-Royal of Wales for Walter Stuart from whom our Kings are descended was Grand-Child to the King of Wales by his Daughter who married Fleanchus Son to Banqhuo and Henry the 7th to whom King Iames the 6th was the true Successor was also the righteous Heir of Cadwallader the last Prince of Wales The Histories both of Scotland and Ireland do acknowledg that our Kings are undoubtedly descended from the Royal Race of the Kings of Ireland and all the debate that can be is only whether they be desended from King Ferquhard Father to King Fergus the first or from Eeric Father to King Fergus the second or from some other Irish Kings as Vsher pretends From all which I may draw two Conclusions First that God has from an extraordinary kindness to those Kingdoms lodged in the Person of our present Soveraign King Iames the 7th whom GOD Almighty long preseve all those opposite and different Rights by which our Peace might have been formerly disturb'd 2. That His Majesty who now Reigns has deriv'd from His Royal Ancestors a just and legal Right by Law to all those Crowns without needing to found upon the Right of Conquest so that the very endeavour to exclude him from all those Legal Rights by Arbitrary Insolence under a Mask of Law was the height of Injustice as well as Imprudence FINIS BOOKS Printed for and Sold by RICHARD CHISWELL FOLIO SPeed's Maps and Geography of Great Britain and Ireland and of Foreign Parts Dr. Cave's Lives of the Primitive Fathers in 2 Vol. Dr. Cary's Chronological Account of Ancient Time Bp Wilkins real Character or Philosophical Language Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity Guillim's Display of Heraldry with large Additions Dr. Burnet's History of the Reformation of the Church of England in 2 Vol. Account of the Confessions and Prayers of the Murderers of Esquire Thynn Burlace's History of the Irish Rebellion Herodoti Historia Gr. Lat. cum variis Lect. The Laws of this Realm concerning Jesuits Seminary Priests Recusants the Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance explained by divers Judgments and Resolutions of the Iudges with other Observations thereupon By William Cawley Esq Sanford's Genealogical Hist. of the Kings of England Modern Reports of select Cases in the reign of King Charles the 2d Sir Tho. Murray's Collection of the Laws of Scotland Dr. Towerson's Explication on the Creed the Commandments and Lord's Prayer in 3 Vol. The History of the Island of CEYLON in the East-Indies Illustrated with Copper Figures and an exact Map of the Island By Capt. Robert Knox a Captive there near 20 Years QVARTO DR Littleton's Dictionary Latin and English Bp Nicholson on the Church-Catechism History of the late Wars of new-New-England Atwell's Faithful Surveyer Mr. Iohn Cave's seven occasional Sermons Dr. Crawford's Serious Expostulation with the Whigs in Scotland Dr. Parker's Demonstration of the Divine Authothority of the Law of Nature and the Christian Religion Mr. Hook's new Philosophical Collections Bibliotheca Norfolciana OCTAVO BIshop Wilkin's Natural Religion His Fifteen Sermons Mr. Tanner's Primordia Or the Rise and Growth of the first Church of God described Lord Hollis's Vindication of the Judicature of the House of Peers in the Case of Skinner Jurisdiction of the House of Peers in case of Appeals Jurisdiction of the House of Peers in case of Impositions Letters about the Bishops Votes in Capital Cases Spaniards Conspiracy against
as the chief of these Isles where the Abbot resided the Records were kept and the Kings were buried might probably be called Insula Hiberniae or Hibernia and that Scotia might be the Ordinary name to all that part of the Isle of Britain benorth the River of Clyde so that the going from Hiberniâ or Scotiâ in Britanniam is nothing but the going to the other side of Clyde by which and Graham's-Dyke that part of the Isle was distinguished from the rest as if it had been a distinct Island 4. The great Controversy at that Time being about the keeping of Easter Laurentius Mellitus and Iustus Bishops did write a Letter to us of the following Tenor. Laurentius Mellitus and Justus Bishops Servants of all the Servants of God To our dearest Brethren the Bishops and Abbots through all Scotland Whileas the Apostolick Sea according to the custom it hath observ'd in the rest of the World did send us to preach the Gospel unto the Heathens in these Western Parts and that it happened to us to come into this Isle which is called Britain we held in religious reverence both the Scots and Britons believing that they did walk after the Custom of the Universal Church But after we had known the Britons we judg'd the Scots to be the better minded Yet now we perceive by Dagamus the Bishop who is come hither and by Columbanus the Abbot in France that the Scots differ nothing in their Observations from the Britons for Dagamus being here refused not only to eat with us but even to stay in the same Inn or Lodging Now that this is only applicable to us and not to the Scots in Ireland the Subject doth prove being Exhortatory Letters to conform in the Observation of Easter wherein the British Scots who follow'd Columba differ'd from the Roman Church 2. The Letter is written to the Scots and relates to other Letters written to the Britons in the same Isle and who needed the same Exhortation And it is to be remembred That Vsher generally concludes that where the Scots and Britons are mention'd in Conjunction by Scots there are to be understood the British Scots 3. Camerarius cites Georgius Newton who about the Year 1500 being then Arch-deacon of Dumblain did write the Acts of that Church and relates that he had seen the Antographum of that Letter among the Records of that Church and so it must necessarily have been written to the Scots in Britain else it had not been in the custody of our Church-men and at Dumblain I could produce many other Citations to prove Scotland to have been call'd Hibernia in those Ages but it is sufficient to add to these unanswerable Proofs already produced the authority of the Roman Martyrology wherein Sanetus Beanus is design'd Episcopus Aberdoniae in Hibernia at the 16 of December To which Vardaeus an Irish-man in vita Rumoldi answers That there might have been a place in Ireland call'd Aberdeen because Aber is an Irish word signifying a Marish and there is a Town call'd Doun in Ireland situated near a Marish A pretty Witticism indeed especially as he proposes the Objection and answers the same as you may see upon the Margin But to take off all Debate Beanus is nam'd in our Chartularies as well as Histories as the first Bishop of Aberdeen and the Mortifications granted to him by our King Malcom 2d in the Year 1010 of the Lands of Murthlack Cloveth and Dounmeth are yet extant and his Tomb is yet to be seen in the Cathedral of Aberdeen at the Postern Door of the Church To the former Passages I must also add That albeit our Country was promiscuously call'd Scotia and Hibernia as has been prov'd yet Scotia even in that Time was the more frequent Name of our Country and which to keep close to Beda appears for when he speaks of the Isle Hy to which the former Citations chiefly relate and which was the place of our Country in which his History being Ecclesiastick is chiefly concern'd as being then one of if not the most famous Monastery in the Western World he expresses it to be in Scotia as where he tells That Ceollach of the Nation of the Scots leaving his Bishoprick in England returned to Hy where the Scots had their chief Monastery And thereafter he tells That the same Ceollach having left his Bishoprick return'd to Scotland And the same Beda writing of Adamnanus calls him Abbot and Presbyter of the Monks that are in the Monastery of Hy. And mentioning the same Adamnanus he tells that he returned to Scotland after his Embassy in England And how can it be denied that Hy is in Scotland since Beda calls it Scotland and says That it belong'd to Britain and is by all Geographers nam'd one of our Hebrides and lies locally within our Country and was one of the first places which we planted and far remoter from Ireland than Kintire and others of our Islands and in which our Kings were buried and our Records kept To conclude this Proposition I shall add these Reflections 1. That it is not so easy for the Bishop of St. Asaph to explicate himself as to these Passages concerning Scotia and Scoti and to make them signifie Ireland and Irish since the 500 Year as before for admitting that the Terms were anciently applicable to Ireland and that the Scots when mention'd here were but by Invasion from Ireland Yet it being acknowledg'd that after the Year 500 we were settled here It follows that when Scotia and Scoti are mention'd in relation to British affairs and in conjuction with the Inhabitans of Britain they must be understood of us and our Country 2. Beda mentioning our Country to be call'd Scotia as well as Hibernia from Columba's Time to his own it is not only an evidence that it was so call'd in that Time but that the Name had not been then first given otherwise he could not have been ignorant of the Change nor would he have failed to remark it so that we may reasonably conclude in his sense the Name of Scotia is as ancient in Britain as the Time he mentions the Settlement Wars and Religion of the Scots there 3. It is evident That the Bp of St. Asaph's Proposition is faulty viz. That when we settled here after the Year 500 our Kingdom was call'd Argyle or Dalrieda for if this had been true this name being so recent could not but have been noticed and used by Gildas and Beda and yet it is never so much as once mention'd by either of them tho Beda upon the occasion of the Monastery of Hy or Icolm-kill and of the Bishops sent thence to England doth frequently mention the Names Hibernia and Scotia and that St. Asaph doth not controvert but that these Bishops were sent from our Isle of Icolm-kill to England 4. We may observe how warrantable Arch-bishop Vsher's Position repeated by the Bishop of St. Asaph
is That no Author mentions our Country by the name of Scotia for the first 1000 years whereas most of all the former Authors both within and without the Isle prove Scotia to have been the name of our Country and the whole Tract of Beda's History proves that since the year 560 this Country was generally so called Whereas neither Gildas nor Beda who lived near that Time and wrote whole Books of us do once call it Dalrieda or Argyle and consequently as I observ'd before the Bishop of St. Asaph's whole Sect. 9. of the first Chapter wherein he asserts that about the Year 500 the Scots erected the Kingdom of Argile or Dalrieda is most unwarrantable for though Beda calls us once Dalreudini yet this is spoken of us by him in the Time of our King Reuda and so near 70 Years before the 503 after Christ. And from this also arises a clear confutation of what the Bishop of St. Asaph asserts that no Author writing within the 1000 Years and naming Scotia means Us which is so far from being so that no Author of Credit Isidore only excepted did then by Scotia mean Ireland And the best Authority that Arch-bishop Vsher gives us for Dalrieda is Iocelin which my Lord St. Asaph hath improved by a new authority out of a Manuscript of the Lord Burghlie's where the Author thinks that Dalrieda and the Kingdom of Argile are the same Authors not to be once mentioned with those whom we cite 7. The distinction of Scotia Major and Minor is lately invented for either Ireland was called Scotia Major before the Year 1000 or only since if the first then it necessarily implyeth that at that Time our Country was also call'd Scotia Minor there being no other place assignable But this is contrary to Arch-bishop Vsher and my Lord St. Asaph's Position who deny our Country was called Scotia at all for the first 1000 Years If it be asserted that this distinction was after the 1000 Years then there was little or no use for it For Vsher tells us that Nubiensis Geographus about the Year 1150 describes Ireland by the name of Hibernia and describes our Country by the name of Scotia and so it seems at that time Ireland had lost the name in our favour and it is not to be imagin'd that Nubiensis remarked the first Periods of the change of the Name and Geographers do describe Countries by their ordinary Names Nor does Vsher produce any other Testimony save a Letter of Dovenaldus Oneil Prince of Vlster to Pope Iohn 22d wherein there is this passage Beside the Kings of lesser Scotland who all came originally from our greater Scotland And a Patent of Sigismund the Emperor To the Convent of the Scots and Irish of Greater Scotland of a Monastery in Ratisbone Now Vsher acknowledgeth the eldest of these two Citations were in the 14th or 15th Century when I hope no body will assert that Ireland was called Scotia Major or that ever the Kings of England who were Lords of Ireland were ever called Lords Majoris Scotiae and it is probable they would have very much affected that Title if the Country had had that name altho they could never make themselves Masters Scotiae Minoris But it is no wonder that the Irish should be glad to tell Foreigners that they were our Chief and so their Country ought to be called Scotia Major notwithstanding that our Nation was then become great and glorious and that Vsher can find no better authority for his distinction of Scotia Major and Minor than these borrowed and magnifying Names used long after he himself acknowledgeth that Ireland had lost the name of Scotia and that We were only in possession of it 8. The mistaking of the Names of Scotia and Hibernia and of that assertion Scotia eadem Hibernia and applying these Names still to Ireland and not to our Country hath been the Ground whereupon we have been injured as to the antiquity of our Kings and Country Saints and learned Men Monasteries and greatness Abroad For admitting it to be true that we were not setled here till the Year 500 yet we have been so happy as to have such excellent Men and to have done so considerable Actions as have been sufficient to tempt our Neighbours and particularly the Irish to take great pains to have both pass for their own In order to which the Irish have lately invented the distinction of Scotia Major and Minor to the end that when any considerable Person is called a Scots-man in History they might claim him as descended from the Greater Scotland But besides that this distinction is too new to be extended to ancient Writers How can it be imagined that our Country only having passed under the Name of Scotland before the 300 and after the 1100 as has been proved Ireland should have assumed the Name of Scotland in that Interval Is it not more reasonable to think that our Country which alone was design'd by that Name before the 300 and after 1100 bore it likewise only or at least chiefly during that interval But to assert that during that space another Country had our old and present designation in a more peculiar manner than we and that in dubious Cases it must be appropriated to them is a piece of confidence which even eminent Wit and Learning cannot support And yet we find in Malcom the Second's Time as was formerly observ'd who began to Reign in the Year 1004 That the Frith of Forth in his Laws in the Book of Regiam Majestatem is call'd Mare Scotiae And it is said there that the same King did distribute omnem Terram Scotiae hominibus suis and it is not to be concluded that this was the first time that our Country was so call'd And about that time Ireland was expressed only by the name of Hibernia for King Henry the 2d of England who began to Reign in the Year 1154 is stiled Lord of Ireland And to clear further that Scotia about those times was the ordinary name for Scotland and Hebernia for Ireland I shall only add some few Passages out of Marianus Scotus who was born in the Year 1028 and died in the Year 1086 who sayes that about the Year 1016 Brianus King of Ireland was killed and a little thereafter at the Year 1034. Malcolm King of Scotland died and Duncan the Son of his Daughter succeeded him And after that he sayes at the Year 1040 Duncan King of Scotland was killed and the son of Finlay succeeded in his Kingdom whom afterward he calls Machetad King of Scotland All which passages agree exactly with our History and the summary of our Kings Lives as they are recorded in our Acts of Parliament and prove that Marianus treats of Scotland and Ireland as different Kingdoms in his Time In the last place I shall make some Remarks upon the most palpable of these Mistakes and of the chief Authors