Esq Thomas Boone Esq * Augustine Garland Esq Augustine Skinner Esq * Iohn Dixwell Esq * Colonel George Fleetwood * Simon Maine Esq * Colonel Iames Temple * Colonel Peter Temple * Daniel Blagrave Esq Sir Petter Temple Bar. * Colonel Thomas Wayte Iohn Brown Esq Iohn Lawry Esq * Iohn Bradshaw Serjeant at Law named President Councillers-Assistants to this Court and to draw up the Charge against the King * Doctor Isaac Dorislaw * Mr. Williams Steele * Mr. Aske * Mr. Cooke Sollicitor * Serjeant Dandy Serjeant at Armes * Mr. Phelps Clerks to the Court * Mr. Broughton Messengers and Door-keepers Mr. Walford Mr. Radley Mr. Paine Mr. Powell Mr. Hull Mr. King the Cryer And that these their Sanguinary proceedings might carry the more shew of Authority upon the Third day following they sent their Serjeant at Armes with his Mace accompanyed by six Trumpets on Horse-back into Westminster-Hall great Guards of Souldiers waiting in the Palace-yards Where in the midst of the Hall after the Trumpets had sounded he made solemn Proclamation on Horse-back that if any man had ought to alledge against Charles Start they should repaire the day following at Two of the Clock After-noon into the Painted Chamber where the Committees to receive the same were to Sit. The like Proclamation he made at the Exchange and other places in London The same day also they Voted that Writs should no longer run in the King's Name and the making of a new Great Seal with the Armes of England and Ireland viz. the Cross and Harpe on the one side and this Circumscription viz. The Great Seal of England On the other side the Figure of the Parliament and the Circumscription In the first year of Freedom by Gods Blessing restored 1648. According to which Proclamation so made in Westminster-Hall the next day following those High Court of Justice-men sate formally in the Painted Chamber to receive Informations from such whom they had then prepared to come in for that purpose For which time for the space of Nine days the Grandees had frequent Meetings to frame and settle the special order and form for executing of that their accursed design And having in the Interim erected a Bloody Theater at the upper end of Westminster-Hall which they call'd The High Court of Iustice they removed His Majesty from Windâ—â—â—â— to St. Iames's near Westmiâ—ster and upon Saturday Ianuary the Twentieth made their entrance in State into Westminster-Hall Bradshaw the President having a Sword and Mace carryed before him and for his Guard Twenty Souldiers with Partizans under the Command of Colonel Fox the Tinker Where after this Prodigious Monster Bradshaw with the rest of that Bloody-pack in all to the number of Seventy two the rest then declining to shew their Faces in so Horrid an Enterprize though most of them afterwards avowed the same were set and that Hellish Act read whereby they were constituted the King's Judges His Majesty was brought to the Bar by Colonel Hacker Guarded with a Company of Halberdeers In whose passage it is not unworthy of note that Hugh Peters one of their wicked Preachers did set on divers of the Souldiers to cry out Iustice Iustice against him and that one of them did then Spit in the King's Face Which being done that insolent Bradshaw stood up and most impudently told the King calling him Charles Stuart that the Commons of England Assembled in Parliament being sensible of the great Calamities brought upon this Nation and of the Innocent Blood shed which was referred to him as the Author according to that duty which they did owe to God the Nation and themselves and according to that Power and Fundamental Trust reposed in them by the People had Constituted that High Court of Iustice before which he was then brought and that he was to hear his Charge upon which the Court would proceed Then Cook their Sollicitor went on and said that he did accuse Charles Stuart there present of High Treason and Misdemeanors and did in the Name of the Commons of England desire that the Charge might be read against him Whereupon they caused their most false and Infamous Charge to be read Which importing that he being admitted King of England and trusted with a limited Power for the good and benefit of the People had Trayterously and Maliciously levyed War against that present Parliament and the People therein represented and caused and procured many Thousands of the Free People of this Nation to be slain Concluding that he did therefore impeach him as a Tyrant Traytor Murtherer and a publick and implacable Enemy to the Common-wealth of England Praying that he might be put to answer the premisses and that such Proceedings Examinations Tryals Sentence and Iudgment might be thereupon had as should be agreeable to Iustice. I shall not stay here to give instance of the particular expressions then made by His Majesty unto those Blood-thirsty men Which were with the greatest Wisdom Gravity and Christian Courage imaginable considering that they already are by some Historians and others so exactly publisht to the World He absolutely denying and renouncing that their usurped Jurisdiction and Authority thus to convent him and stoutly refusing to submit to their power In which he most undauntedly persisted every time he was brought before them with incomparable magnanimity of Spirit On the Second day of their Sitting they held a Fast at White-Hall And on the Third day the Scots Commissioners delivered in certain Papers to them with a Declaration from the Parliament of Scotland importing a dislike of those their Proceedings against His Majesty but nothing regarded After which to the end that these Barbarous Regicides might the better consult touching the manner of his Execution and to perform it with the greater Ignominy they respited his Sentence of Death for Four or Five days But then having fully determined thereon upon Saturday the Twenty Seventh of Ianuary they caused Him to be brought before them again Where after a most insolent Speech made by the same Bradshaw the President His Sentence of Death was read there being then present no less than Seventy two of those His Bloody Murtherers called Judges who stood up and avowed the same the Names of which I have noted with an Asterism in the preceding Catalogue Which being done a Publick Declaration was appointed to be drawn against the Proclaiming of Prince Charles after the removal of his Father out of this Life denouncing it to be High Treason for any one so to do Likewise that no person upon Pain of Imprisonment and such other punishments as should be thought fit might speak or divulge any thing contrary to those their proceedings And upon the Morrow being Sunday some of the Grandees came and tendred to him a Paper Book with promise of Life and some shadow of Regality in case he would Subscribe it which contained many particulars destructive to the Religion establisht to the
not sate therein since the year 1648. and had not subscribed the Engagement in the Roll of that House should not sit there till farther Order by the Parliament And by a general Vote declared That all such as were to be imployed in any place of Trust or Power in the Common-Wealth should be able for the discharge of such Trust and that they should be persons fearing God and who had given testimony to all the people of God of their faithfulness to that Common-Wealth according to the Declaration of Parliament of May the 7 th proceeding also in the Election of these whose names are here added for a Council of State Sir Arthur Haselrigg Sir Henry Vane Colonel Ludlow Colonel Iohn Iones Colonel Sydenham Thomas Scott Major Saloway General Fleetwood Sir Iames Harrington Colonel Walton Mr. Henry Nevil Mr. Thomas Chaloner Mr. Downes Bulstrod Whitlock Herbert Mortley Mr. Sidney Colonel Thompson Colonel Dixwel Mr. Reynolds Oliver St. Iohn Mr. Wallop All these being Members of the Old Long Parliament Unto which were added Iohn Bradshaw Colonel Lambert Colonel Desborow Fairfax Colonel Berry Sir Anthony Ashley Couper Sir Horatio Tounsend Sir Robert Honywood Sir Archibald Iohnston Iosias Berners As to the Actings of these old Members it is not a little observable that first they ordered the sale of all such Houses and Lands of the late King the Queen the Prince with Bishops Deans and Chapters or other then unsold and that they should forthwith be exposed to sale Also that such persons on whom any Title of Honour had been conferred by the said King should pay those forfeitures for the same as had been by their Acts and Ordinances in that case provided and bring in their Patents Amongst which Houses intended for Sale Somerset-House in the Strand was one the materials whereof to be pulled down and sold were valued at 5545 l. 1 s. 3 d. And now having some compassion on their late Lord Protector Richard Cromwel so outed of his Sovereignty as before is observed they Voted him an exemption from Arrests for six months Likewise the more to ingratiate themselves with the people they passed an Act of Indempnity but without benefit to any who should boggle at subscribing to a new Engagement against the Government by the single Person Kingship or House of Peers seizing upon divers persons in and about London and upon Horses and Arms pretending Trayterous designs against them by the Royalists the Preachers in their Pulpits crying out in this manner viz. The Lord stir up the hearts of his people to Prayer and sincere Humiliation and fill them with Unanimity and Courage in this evil time and make the people to see whatever fair pretences may be made use of by the Common Enemy to get power into their Hands yet should they prevail no man that hath been of a party against them heretofore yea no man that hath been a meer Neuter but must expect that his private Estate as well as the Publick Liberty shall become a prey to a desperate crew of Ravenous and Unreasonable men Certain it is that throughout the whole Realm the people were weary of their Oppressions and saw that notwithstanding these shiftings of the Dominion from one hand to another they were no whit eased of their Taxes and Burthens and therefore not only the Royalists but most of the Presbyterians being then out of play to rid themselves of that lingring slavery did privately engage to rise and accordingly began so to do in Cheshire putting themselves under the command of Sir George Boothe Baronet a person of a fair Estate in those parts Which so alarm'd the old Iuncto sitting at Westminster commonly called the Rump they being the fag-end or Tail of the Long Parliament as that they speedily sent down into those parts what Forces could soon be got together under the command of Major General Lambert publishing a Proclamation against them and their adherents as Rebels and Traytors Sir George in the mean time causing a Declaration to be Printed and spread abroad Whereby manifesting to the world that this Iuncto at Westminster had violated all Laws of God and men did profess that the defence of the Laws and Liberties was the chief thing he and those with him aimed at which would never be setled by those Self-Seekers at Westminster and therefore desired a new and Free Parliament But this good design was soon blasted for Lambert encountring them near to North-Wiche so over-powered them with numbers and more experienced Souldiers that he utterly routed and dispersed all their strength Which success so far elated this active General that he then thought of nothing more than his own personal advancement And to the end that he might the more endear the Souldiers to himself not only magnified their merits by Letters to the Parliament but when he had a thousand pounds sent to buy him a Jewel in token of their high esteem of that service he forthwith distributed it amongst his Common Souldiers And in farther order to that his design under colour of seizing all Arms thereabouts he subtilly got them into his own hands All which was no whit dissatisfactory to the Rumpers who then did not at all dream of Lamberts design and therefore having received Letters out of Scotland which gave them much assurance of General Monks reality they laid their Insurrection in Cheshire wholly to the Royallists charge and forthwith resolved upon an Oath for abjuring the Kings Title the formality whereof I have here added I. A. B. do hereby declare that I renounce the pretended Title of Charles Stuart and the whole Line of the late King James and of every other Person as a single Person pretending to the Government of these Nations of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions and Territories thereto belonging And that I will by the Grace and Assistance of Almighty God be true faithful and constant to this Common-Wealth against any King single Person and House of Peers and every of them and hereunto I subscribe my name And to shew how Zealous their Clergy were generally therein I shall only give instance of a precious pack of those in Leicestershire which personally came out of that County to the Parliament and presented to them a Paper Intituled The humble Representation of divers well-affected Ministers of the Gospel in the County of Leicester whose names are hereunto subscribed Which was so well accepted of that they being called in one of them as the mouth of the rest addressing himself to the Speaker said That being all Ministers of the Gospel in the County of Leicester faithful servants to the Parliament and imbarqued in the same bottom with themselves that some of them marched along with their Forces to suppress the late Rebellion of Sir George Boothe and others and that they well knowing how much it concerned them with all the true Godly of the Land to strengthen the Parliaments
in the Margin whereof he had with his own hand Written many Annotations To the Duke of York his large Ring-Sun-Dial of Silver which His Majesty much valued it having been invented and made by Mounsieur De la mine an able Mathematician and who in a little Printed Book hath shewed its excellent use for resolving many Questions in Arithmetick and other rare operations in the Mathematicks to be wrought by it To the Princess Elizabeth his Daughter the Sermons of the most Learned Dr. Andrews sometimes Bishop of Winchester and Arch-bishop Laud's Book against Fisher the Jesuit which he said would ground her against Popery with Mr. Hooker's Ecclesiastical Policy As also a Paper to be Printed in which he asserted Regal Government to have a Divine Right with Proofs out of sundry Authors Civil and Sacred To his Son the Duke of â—aucester King Iames his works and Dr. Hamond's Practical Catechism To the Earl of Lindsey Cassandra To the Dutchess of Richmund his Gold Watch And to Mr. Herbert himselfe the Silver Clock which usually hung by his Bed-side Hereunto it will not seem impertinent I presume to add a Catalogue of the other Books which His Majesty had with him in this His disconsolate condition they being these Dr. Hamond's other Works Villalpandus upon Ezekiel c. Sands his Paraphrase upon King David's Psalmes Herbert's Divine Poems Godfrey of Bulloign Written in Italian by Torquato Tasso and Translated into English Heroick Verse by Mr. Fairfax a Poem which His Majesty much commended as he did Ariosto by Sir Iohn Harrington a Facetious Poet Spenser's Fairy Queen and the like for alleviating his Spirits after serious Studies Nor can I here omit to tell that this excellent Prince with his own hand Translated that Learned Discourse written in Latin by Dr. Saunderson afterwards Bishop of Lincolâ—e de Iuramentis which he caused Mr. Herbert and Mr. Harington to compare with the Original who found it most accurately done Those particulars are such whereof those who have publisht much of his Life and Reign have not taken notice To give a Character of his Eminent virtues I shall not need it being already so well done by Dr. Pireinchief in the short History which he hath publisht of his Life but shall take notice that his delight in Learning was such that he understood Greek Latin French Spanish and Italian Authors in their Original Languages which Three last he spake perfectly no man being better read in Histories of all sorts being able also to Discourse in most Arts and Sciences In one of his Books he wrote this Distich of Claudian Rebus in adversis facile est contemnere vitam Fortiter ille facit qui miser esse potest And out of another Poet against the Levellers and Antimonar chists then predominant Fallitur egregio quisquis sub principe credit Servitium Nunquam libertas gratior extat Quà m sub Rege pio Whereunto I shall add that after Mr. Herbert had much sollicited those who were then in Power that His Royal Corps might be Buryed in King Henry the Seventh's Chapel at Westminster near to the Grave of King Iames which they refused alledging the danger of much concourse to that place out of a superstitious respect they thereupon granted a Warrant to him bearing Date the Sixth of February for the Interring thereof at Windsor Hence it was that Mr. Herbert having often heard His Majesty speak with Great Honour of King Edward the Fourth from whom he was descended he resolved to Bury the Corps in that Vault under the Monument of that King which is betwixt the High Altar and the North Isle and gave order for the opening thereof accordingly but the Duke of Richmond Marquess of Hertsord Earl of Southampton and Earl of Lindsey coming to Windsor to perform their last duty of His Memory in seeing His Royal Corps decently Interred and walking up the Quire where they found by knocking on the Pavement an hollow found they caused the place to be opened it being near to the Seats and opposite to the Eleventh Stall on the Sovereign's side in which were Two Coffins one very large of King Henry the Eighth the other of Queen Iane his Third Wife both covered with Velvet whereupon they concluded to deposit it there It was therefore brought down accordingly out of the King's Lodgings in the upper Ward of the Castle into the Court the Air being then Serene but which is observable before they came to the Door of the Chapel there hapned Snow to fall which covered the Hearse of Black Velvet in which it was carryed that it was all White It being brought to the Grave the Reverend Dr. Iuxon Bishop of London who had been permitted to wait on His Majesty in the time of His Preparation for Death and on the Scaffold was there ready to have performed the Office of Burial as it is prescribed in the Publick Liturgy of the Church but the Governor of the Castle Colonel Whitchcot would not suffer it CHAP. XXXIII HAVING thus finished what I thought proper to be said in reference to His Late Majesty King Charles the First thus destroy'd by these great Pretenders to Godliness as hath been observed I shall now go on with the remainder of this Story until I come to the most happy and Miraculous Restoration of our present Sovereign King Charles the Second whom God long preserve and continually defend from the Infernal Plots and subtile Machinations of this dangerous Brood of Cruel men Proclamation being therefore made in London and afterwards throughout all England forbidding to Proclaim Prince Charles the Members remaining in the House of Commons passed an Act for thenceforth their Edicts were so called that such as had assented to the Vote of December the Fifth viz. that the King's concessions were a ground for the House to proceed to a settlement should not be re-admitted to Sit as Members As also that such as were then in the House and Voted in the Negative should first enter their dissent to the said Vote And that such as were absent should declare their disapproval before they Sate Soon after this they passed an Act for the setting up of another High Court of Justice for the Tryal of Duke Hamilton the Earl of Holand the Earl of Norwich Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen Which Court upon the Fifth of February met in the Painted-Chamber and Elected their President It being then also debated in the House of Commons whether they should continue the House of Lords as a Court of Judicatory or Consultatory only And the day following it being put to the Question both were carryed in the Negative and farther Voted that the House of Peers in Parliament was Useless and Dangerous and ought to be abolished and that an Act should be brought in for that purpose as also that the Peers should not be exempted from Arrests but did admit that they should be capable of being Knights and Burgesses in
to posterity he should sooner be willing to be rolled to his Grave in blood and buryed with Infamy than to give consent to the throwing it away And therefore that he had caused a stop to their entrance into the House till such time as they should subscribe a Recognition thereof and did submit thereto And that if things were not satisfied as were then reasonably demanded he for his part should do that which becom'd him seeking his Council from God The truth is that which principally emboldened him to be thus peremptory with them was the strength of the Souldiery which were generally of his side and which the adverse party knew full well So that of the whole number of those Members though there was not above sixty that did at first subscribe the Recognition yet the greatest part of the rest after private consultations together being well aware that by taking their best advantages upon all occasions within the House they might do him more mischief than they could any way to otherwise came in by degrees and formally signed the same But as those who were his chief Confidents did strive all they could to carry on affairs for his peculiar Interest according to the frame of that Government whereby he was so advanced to that place and Title sure it is that the rest by those rubs and obstructions which they cast in his way did make all their endeavours totally fruitless So that after well near five Months expectance and nothing at all done he was necessitated to dissolve that his first and once hopeful Parliament I should here have concluded this years Transactions but that I cannot omit to relate a very pregnant Instance how timely our now gracious Soveraign King Charles the second did adhere to the Protestant Religion professed in the Church of England even in those days when there was so little hopes to see it ever restored the Rebels in this Realm being then so prosperous that the greatest Potentates courted their alliance but even then so fervent was his Majesties zeal thereto that by his great and effectual care he prevented the perverting of his Brother the Duke of Gloucester to that of the Church of Rome In the relation of which there are so many considerable circumstances whereof very little publick notice hath been taken that contrary to the designed brevity of this History I shall give a full account of the same partly taken from a Relation Printed at London in an 1655 and partly from the certain information of persons of undoubted credit yet living who were present at the transacting thereof His Majesty understanding that there was a firm League very far advanced betwixt the French King and Oliver Cromwell withdrew himself this year into Germany out of France where till then he had ever resided since his happy and miraculous escape from Worâ—ester and designing to take the Duke of Gloucester with him was prevailed with by the Queen his Mother to leave him with her at Paris upon promise she would not permit any force to be put upon him to change his Religion but that he should be attended by those Protestant-Servants himself had placed about him and have free liberty to resort to the publick Service of the Church of England at the King's Chappel in Sir Richard Brown's House then his Majesties Resident at Paris But about the beginning of November in this year the Duke under pretence of weaning himself from the company of some young French Gallants who being in the same Accademie were grown into a more familiar conversation with him than was thought convenient was removed to Abbot Mountague's House at his Abby near Potoiso And after a few days Mr. Lovel his Tutor going to Paris for one day only on business designedly contrived as was suspected by Abbot Mountagu during his absence was most vehemently pressed by the Abbot to turn Roman-Catholick with all the motives spiritual or temporal he thought might prevail upon him having at that time no Protestant near him to advise with but Mr. Griffin of his Bed-Chamber a young Gentleman since dead but his Fame for his servent zeal to the Protestant Religion and faithful service to his Master yet living who deported himself with greater prudence than could with reason have been expected for one of so tender years assisted only by so young a second for both their ages did but some few years exceed thirty replying to their Arguments with great ingenuity evidencing no little zeal for his Religion For he told the Abbot he admired how he durst make this attempt upon him knowing how the Queen his Mother had engaged to the King his Brother that no change in his Religion should be endeavoured Also that for his own part he was resoly'd not to incur the Kings displeasure by neglecting the observance of his command which was not to listen to any Argument for change of his Religion Likewise that as to the specious proposals of making him a Cardinal and promising to advance him to be King of England he did with indignation and contempt deride and reject them complaining withal how disingeniously he was dealt with to be thus assaulted in the absence of his Tutor whom the King had placed over him and who he doubted not could easily refute all their Arguments which in truth at his return to Ponroise he did so fully that it was thought convenient to remove the Duke back thence to Paris where he was permitted to resort to the Kings Chappel and enjoy the free exercise of his Religion though not long For after some little time the Queen his Mother did own the attempt made on him to have been done with her approbation and declared she could not but labour to have her Son shew'd the right way to Heaven and though she had promised he should not be forced by her yet to have that way proposed to him she thought requisite And that he might the easier be prevail'd upon his Protestant Tutor was put from him and he himself hurryed out of Paris in such hast that he might be deprived of the Assistance and Advice of any Protestant that he could not though he earnestly beg'd it prevail to stay till he might get some warmer Cloaths and convey'd to Mr. Crofts afterwards Lord Croft's his House but under the direction of Abbut Mountagu none of his Servants but young Mr. Gryffin being permitted to attend him The News whereof did deeply afflict all the loyal-Protestant Exiles then in Paris but no man was more passionately concern'd than that Eminent sufferer for his loyalty to the Royal Family and Zeal to the Protestant Religion the late Lord Hatton Who as soon as he understood how violently this young Prince was Persecuted for his Religion he consulted with that famous Confesfor for the Church of England Dr. Iohn Cosens late Bishop of Durham but at that time Dean of Peterborough and Chaplain to his Majesty then residing in Paris and drew up what Arguments and
and three Fifteens which were by the late Parliament resolv'd on to have been given to the King setting forth a Declaration to manifest the reasons of his requiring that Loan Soon after which he sent away six thousand Foot-Soldiers under the command of Sir Charles Morgan and others for the service of the Vnited Provinces Moreover to heighten and increase these his wants about this time a most unlucky occasion hapned which in short was this that the French Priests and Domestics of that Nation which came into England with the Queen were grown so insolent and had put so many affronts upon the King that as the French King had sent back all the Spanish Courtiers which his Queen brought with her his Majesty was forc'd to send them home But that King not looking on this Example and knowing upon what ill terms our King stood both at home and abroad first seized on all the Merchants Ships which lay in the River of Bourdeaux and then brake out into open war so that the King was constrain'd to make use of those Forces against the French which were design'd to have been used against the Spaniard and to comply with the desire of the Rochellers who humbly sued for his protection and defence but the Fleet set forth for that purpose being encountred with great Tempests was forc'd to return without doing any thing farther then shewing his Majesties good will and readiness to assist them CHAP. IV. BUT the next year the King having made new Preparations for a war with France to manifest what ground he had for it declared that the House of Austria conspiring the ruin of all those of the Reform'd Religion through Christendom as he said plainly appear'd in the wars of Germany had such an influence upon the Councel of France as to prevail with the French to obstruct the landing of Count Mansfield's Army contrary to promise with whom they should have join'd Forces for the relief of the Palatinate and the German Princes the failure wherein proved the ruin of that Army the greatest part whereof perished Furthermore that having by his mediation prevail'd for a Peace between the French King and his Protestant Subjects and engaged his Word that the Protestants should observe the Articles of Agreement nevertheless the King of France contrary to those Articles block'd up their Towns Garrisons and Forts committing many spoils upon them though they had done nothing in violation of the Edict of Peace Whereupon the Duke of Buckingham in order to the relief of the Palatinate being made Admiral and Commander in Chief of the Land-Forces on the 27th of Iune set out from Portsmouth the Fleet consisting of an hundred Sail whereof ten were of the King 's Royal Navy having aboard six or seven thousand Land-Soldiers and towards the later end of Iuly appear'd before Rochel Where attempting to gain the Isle of Rhee which lay before that Town and imbarr'd their Trade his unskilful conduct therein was such that he was forc'd to a retreat with the loss of many valiant men and not a little of his Honour the more full relation of which ill success I refer to our Historians This Expedition proving thus unhappy his Majesties necessitous condition forc'd him to pawn much of his Lands to the City of London for an hundred and twenty thousand pounds which he then borrowed and also to borrow thirty thousand pounds more of the East-India Company But all this being not sufficient to support the charge of the Fleet notwithstanding these former great discouragements still hoping by a Parliament to obtain some reasonable Supply in these his pressing Necessities he call'd another Parliament to begin on the seventeenth of March next following At the meeting whereof he told them None there but knew that common danger was the cause of that Parliament and Supply at that time the Chief end thereof Likewise that if to maintain their own advices and as the case then stood for the following thereof the true Religion Laws and Liberties of this State and the just defence of its true Friends and Allies were not sufficient then no Eloquence of men and Angels could prevail the particular dangers being laid open by the Lord Keeper Hereupon after some time spent in debate of these things five Subsidies were voted and the Petition of Right assented to by his Majesty After which the Parliament was first prorogued from the 26th of Iune till the 20th of October And then by Proclamation till the 20th of Ianuary At which meeting the Clergy also gave the King as many Subsidies In the interim of which Prorogation the Duke of Buckingham who had formerly been the Darling of that Parliament which made use of him to King Iames for breaking the match with Spain being now grown odious and in this Parliament represented to be the chief cause of all their Grievances not only by reason of the losses at the Isle of Rhee but for many other respects as in the Annals of that time may at large be seen hoping as well to regain the honour he lost in the last year's attempt in that Isle as a better opinion of the People design'd another Expedition to Rochel In order whereunto being Commander of the Royal Fleet ready to set sail from Portsmouth he was there desperately murther'd by one Iohn Felton a discontented Officer of the last years Army upon the 23d of August who gave no other reason for that his barbarous and bloody Act then that the Duke had been declared an Enemy to the Commonwealth in a Remonstrance tendred to the King by the House of Commons in the former Session But I proceed notwithstanding this fair shew of an hopeful accordance there were not a few turbulent-spirited men both in the Parliament and elsewhere who sought all advantages for breaking thereof divers Merchants refusing to pay Tonnage and Poundage in regard it had not been granted to the King by a special Act since the death of his Royal Father King Iames. Whereupon his Majesty first sent for those Merchants to the Council-Table and after by a Speech to both Houses told them he expected they should pass the Bill for it But instead of complying therein the Commons publisht a Declaration concerning Religion alledging that they must prefer it before all other business Whereupon the King whose urgent Necessities for want of the Supply expected pressed hard upon them issuing out a special Commission for taking of Tonnage and Poundage Against which the Commons not only protested but some of their Members behaved themselves therein so disobediently and seditiously to the contempt of his Regal authority that fearing they should be dissolved before they had vented their own passions in that particular they lockt the doors of the House of Commons kept the Key and held the Speaker by strong hand in his Chair till they had thunder'd out their Anathema's not
of England having not only been invaded by the Dutch but their bold usupation therein openly justifyed by certain public Writings the King with the advice of his Council-learned did about the same time issue out certain Writs directed as well to all the Inland Counties as to the respective Port-Towns according to the example of his Royal Progenitors to set out a certain number of Ships furnish'd with Mariners Amunition Victual and all other necessaries for defence of the Realm By which means he did not only assert and recover that dominion on the Sea which really belong'd to this Kingdom but much improved Trade and Commerce whereby the generality of his Subjects were not a little enrich'd But this just and rational practise some of the malevolent Members of his former Parliaments and others of that stamp under pretence of standing up for the Rights and Properties of the Subjects did stubbornly oppose though his Majesty had the clear and unanimous opinion of all the grave and learned Judges of his Courts in Westminster-Hall under their hands to justify those his Proceedings Nevertheless waving any arbitrary power he freely gave leave that the Case should be solemnly debated in the Exchequer-Chamber Which being publikly done after divers solid Arguments thereon no less then ten of those twelve Judges fully declared their opinion for the Legality thereof Sr. George Crook and Sr. Richard Hulton only dissenting though they had formerly subscribed thereto This as to the Civil Liberties and what as hath been before observed of the great noise made every where touching the fear of Popery was it whereof not only the factious people here took great advantage but those of that leven in Scotland who thereupon began to set on foot a contrivance whereby they might have the colour of Religion* to help on their work Whereunto the rise they took was a pretended apprehension that the Liturgy sent to them in an 1637 was a meer Popish Service-book and purposely design'd to introduce the Romish worship into both Kingdoms From the ground of which seeming jealousies they fell foul upon the Bishops under colour that they were the framers thereof and the chief Instruments for obtruding it upon them To clear them therefore of this most impious scandal I shall here breifly represent to the world what that so much defam'd Liturgy was and on what occasion it was sent into that Realm King Iames after he came to enjoy the Crown of England well observing the Decency and Uniformity of God's worship here and the Deformity thereof in his own native Kingdom where no set or public form of Prayer was used but oftimes seditious expressions girding at Sovereignty and Authority and stuft with false Reports upon his Progress into Scotland an 1616 an Assembly being then held at Aberdene he proposed to that Convention a public Liturgy to be used in that Realm Which pious motion being then and there well approved of a Liturgy was accordingly framed and in all points properly fitted for that Kirk and after his return into England convey'd to him where it was viewed by some of his Scottish Subjects yet not sent thither whilst that King lived Being thus composed his Son and Successor K. Charles after a review thereof finding it in substance the same with the English Liturgy which his Majesty in point of prudence declin'd to recommend unto them lest they might cavil thereat under colour that it would be look'd upon as a badge of Dependency upon the Church of England then sent it to the Lords of the Privy-Council of that Realm by their advice to be publicly read without the least suspition of any dislike thereof in regard it did so little differ from the English Liturgy wherewith his Scottish Subjects of all sorts were well acquainted by reason of their frequent resort to his Majesties own Chappel and many other Churches in this Realm where it was constantly used as also in his Royal Chappel at Haly-Rood-House whereunto the Nobility Bishops Judges Gentry and people of all degrees did usually come Cathedrals of Scotland and University of St. Andrews and not only so but commended in the Sermons of some of their after principal Covenanters especially Mr. Rollock But Rebellion being the close and underhand design of these great Pretenders to Godliness whereby in case they did prosper they might swallow up the Possessions of the Crown and Church with the Estates of all his Majesties loyal Subjects the contrivance was so laid that the Common people should be possess'd with an opinion that the King having married a Popish Queen did resolve to introduce the Romish Religion first into Scotland and afterwards into the rest of his dominions and to that end first to settle this Liturgy there it being privately whispered that it was the very Mass translated into their Language Which so far incensed the vulgar that upon the reading thereof in the great Church at Edenborough upon the 23 d of Iuly the same year 1637 they made such a tumult as that the Dean who read it and many other persons of note had much adoe to escape thence with their lives Which uproar was so barbarous that the day following the Lords of the Council there set forth a Proclamation* in dislike thereof And the Magistrates of Edenborough to make up the Pageant sent Letters into England to the Archbishop of Canterbury desiring him to recommend to the King's Majesty their zeal and forwardness for setling the peaceable practise thereof Neither would any man of note then seem to own that Tumult but attributed it to the Rogues and base multitude except the zealous Kirkmen who cryed it up in their Pulpits and magnifyed them for the most heroical Sparks that ever God inspired and raised up in this last age of the world and for their happy Mouths and Hands which God was pleas'd to honour that day with the beginning of their new Blessed Reformation and occasioning their celestial Covenant as they call'd it that their memorial should be eternal and all succeeding generations should call them blessed After this about the end of Harvest began a tumultuous conflux of the Nobility Gentry Ministers and others at Edenborough from all parts of the Kingdom howbeit as yet the principal persons in authority there seemed to stand right enough in their loyalty so that his Majesty the less feared the ensuing mischeifs the more to prevent any suspition thereof set forth three Proclamations First that nothing should be treated of at the Council-Table there about Church-business till they saw the times and meeting of his Majesties Subjects more quiet and peaceable The Second for removing the Session or Term from Edenborough to Lithgow for fear of present danger The third for burning a seditious Book dispersed in derogation of the Ecclesiastical Government in England But these Proclamations were for little else then shew the Tumults increasing so that the next day
g 15. July Ib. p. 120. h Ib. p. 130 i 28. July Perf. Diurnal p. 3003. k Hist. of Indep p. 123. l 3. Aug. Ib. p. 126. m Ib. p. 128. n Ib. p. 124. ☜ o Ib. p. 135. p P 17. Aug. q 29. Aug. Scob. coll p. 165. Treaty in the Isle of Wight r Perfect Diurnal Pâ— 2164. †Moderate Intelligencer n. 16. t 16. Nov. Declaration of the Army at St. Albans ☜ v 120. Nov. x 27. Nov. y Hist. of Indep part 2. z p. 25. 26. a 30. Nov. b 2. Dec. c Ib. p. 29. 4. Dec. The King taken from the Isle of Wight and sent to Hurst-castle d 6. Dec. Ib. 1. 29. e Ib. p. 31. f 7. Dec. g 8. Dec. h Ib. p. 37. 38. ☞ i Ib. p. 48 49. The King removed from Hurst-Castle to Winchester k 21. Dec. l 22. Dec. Thence to Farnham m Ib. p. 49. 50. Thence to Windsor o 23. Dec. p 27. Dec. p Ib. p. 44. q Ibid. * Life of K. Charles by Dr. Perenchief p. 153. r 28. Dec. Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 55. s Ibid. p. 56. * 29. Dec. t The daughter of one Michelson u 4. Ian. Ib. p. 56. * 6. Ian. Ib. p. 57. y 9. Iar. z 10. Ian. The K. removed from Windâ—â—r to St. Iames's a 19. Ian. b 20. Ian. c Hist. of Indep Part. 1. p. 87. d Ib e 21. Ian. f 22. Ian. g 27. Ian. h Ib. p. 108. i 28. Ian. Ib. p. 109. k 30. Ian. Ib. p. 110. The King Murthered ☞ His Corps removed from White-Hall to St. Iames's I. Feb. Thence to Windsor 7. Feb. There Buried 9. Feb. Whether the Presbyterians or Independants were the chief Actors Murthering the King The opinion herein of the Learned Salmasius l Salamâ—â—â—s deâ—ensio regia pro Carolo primo c. 10. p. 343 m Ib. p. 353 Ib. p. 468. * In April or May 1648. Vide Sanderson's Hist. of K. Charles p. 1071. Scots entred England with a third Army 13. Iuly 1648. o 30. Ian. Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 113. p 1. Febr. Ib. p. 115. q 3. Febr. r 5. Febr. s 6. Febr. t Ib. p. 115. Et Perf. Diurnal p. 1250. House of Peers abolished u 5. Febr. x Moderate Intelligencer p. 315. y The Armies weekly Intelligencer p. 33 34. z Febr. 16. 18. Febr. 2. Hist. of Indep p. 2. p. 131. a 17. Martii Scob. Coll. p. 7. b Ibid p. 8. c 16. Apr. An. 1649. d Hist. of Indep p. 2. p. 152. e Ib. p. 153. f 7. April Scob. Coll. p. 8. g 12. April Ib. p. 156. h Ib. p. 157. i Ib. p. 158. ☞ k 19. April Ibid. l 30. April Scob. Coll. p. 16. Act for sale of Deans and Chapters Lands m 1. May. Hist. of Indep p. 2. p. 167. n 19. May. Scob. Coll p. 30. o 30. May. Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 184. 185. p 7. Iunii Ib. p. 187. q 25. Iunii Scob. Coll. p. 45. r 4. Iulii Ib. p. 46. s 16. Iulii Ib. p. 51. t 17. Iulii Ib. p. 64. u 17. Iulii Ib. p. 65. x 31. Iulii Ib. p. 68. y 15. Aug. z 2. Ian. Scob. Coll. p. 101. Act for the Engagement a 18. Febr. Ibid. b 22. Febr. Ib. p. 104 c 11. Martii Ib. p. 106. An. 1650. d 26. Martii Scob. Coll. p. 111. e 15. Apr. f 3. Maii. g Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 14. 15. h 6. Iunii General Fairfax layeth down his Commission i 26. Iunii Oliver Cromwel made General of the Army k Battail of Dunbar 3. Sept. l 21. Sept. m Perf. Diurnall p. 476. c. n 27. Sept. o 22. Nov. Scob. Coll. p. 148. p 29. Nov. Ib. p. 149. q 22. Ian. Ib. 151. r 1 Ian. s Hist. of Indep p. 4. p. 20. t 7. Aug. u 22. Aug. x Ib. p. 22. y 3. Sept. a 4. Febr. Scob. Coll. p. 178. b 24. Febr. Ib. p. 179. An. 1652. a 19. Iunii Heath 's Chr. p. 322. b 16. Aug. Ibid. p. 323. c 28. Octâ—â— Ib. p. 327. d 29. Nov. Ib. p. 329 330. e 18. Febr. Ib. p. 335. f 2. Martii Ib. p. 336. g 29. Sept. Scob. Coll. p. 209. An. 1653. Cromwel turns the Parliament called the Rump out of Doors d 4. Iulâ—â— e 5. Aug. f 24. Aug. Scob. Coll. p. 236. g 4. Nov. Ib. p. 268. h 21. Nov. Ib. p. 272. i 12. Dec. Cromwel made Lord Protector The Instrument of Government †〈…〉 * 19. Ian. a Scob. coll p. 277. Act against the Engagement The Protectors Riding to Grocers-Hall in State b 20. Martij Scob. coll p. 279. 2. Iunij Heath's hist. p. 344. 345. b 31. Iuly Ibid. p. 346. et 347 c Ib. p. 357. An. 1654. 28. Martij d 12. Apr. Scob. coll p. 288. e Ib. p. 293. Act for making Scotland one Common-wealth with England f 18. Apr. Cromwell first seated himself at Whitchall * 25. Apr. Heath's hist. p. 370. et 371. †Ib. p. 371. et 372. g 6. Iuly h 2 Sept. Scob. col p. 353. i Ib. p. 357. k Ib. p. 366. l 3. Sept. A Parliament called The manner of his proceeding to Parliament †Praise-God Bearbone and his Fellows The Reâ—â—gnition subscribed m 22. Ian. The Parliament dissolved * At Exeter 18. April †15. Octob. Major Generals An. 1656. * 20. Sept. * 20. Sept. †17. Ianu. * 19. Ianu. †10. Iuly * 17. Sept. Cromwels second Parliament called * Scob. Cell p. 571. †Ib. p. 372. * Alderman Pack a great Excise-Commissioner the first that moved it 21. Feb. The humble Petition and A Advice * 8. May. †19. May. * 25. May. Scob. Col p. 378. â— â— Cromâ—el a second time Constituted Protector †I. Iuly * 9. Iuly †15. Iuly An. 1658. * 20. Ianu. The Parliament Dissolved 4. Feb. Another High-Court of Justice * 2. 8. Iun. Dunkirk having been besieged by the English and French and given up to the French upon Articles was put into the hands of the English 25. Iune * Sept. 3. * Nov. 23. * Stows Survey of Lond. p. 494. col 1. * Hist of Indep Part. 4. p. 32. Rich. Cromwels Parliament 7. Ian. * Ibid. p. 36. An. 1659. * Ibid. * April 7. †April 8. * April 18. History of Indep part 4. p. 37. †Ib. p. 38. * April 22. * Ib. p. 39. †Sir Arthur Haselrigg * 25. April The Protector set aside and the Rump of the Long Parliament restored †5. May. * 7. May. †6. May. * 7. May. †Ibid. p. 40. * Ib. p. 41. The names of the Rumpers * Ib. p. 41. The Secluded Members * 9. May. †Ib. p. 42. * 29. May. Ib. p. 43. †Ib. p. 45. * Ib. Iune †Ib. p. 49. * Ib. p. 50. †Iuly * 2. Iuly †Ib. p. 53. * I. August †Ib. p. 55. * 19.