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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	charles_n	king_n	stuart_n	2,711	5	13.1708	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35219	England's monarchs, or, A compendious relation of the most remarkable transactions, and observable passages, ecclesiastical, civil, and military, which have hapned [sic] during the reigns of the kings and queens of England, from the invasion of the Romans to this present adorned with poems, and the pictures of every monarch, from William the Conquerour, to His present Majesty, our gracious sovereign, King Charles the Second : together with the names of His Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council, the nobility, bishops, deans, and principal officers, civil and military, in England, in the year 1684 by R.B., author of the Admirable curiosities in England, The historical remarks in London and Westminster, The late wars in England, Scotland, and Ireland, &c.	R. B., 1632?-1725?	1685 (1685)	Wing C7314; ESTC R21089	148,791	242

Jo. ●rap●nber Scul England's MONARCHS OR A Compendious Relation of the most Remarkable Transactions and Observable Passages Ecclesiastical Civil and Military which have hapned during the Reigns of the KINGS and QUEENS of ENGLAND from the Invasion of the Romans to this present Adorned with Poems and the Pictures of every Monarch from William the Conquerour to His present Majesty our Gracious Sovereign King CHARLES the Second Together with the Names of His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council the Nobility Bishops Deans and Principal Officers Civil and Military in England in the Year 1684. By R. B. Author of the Admirable Curiosities in England The Historical Remarks in London and Westminster The late Wars in England Scotland and Ireland c. LONDON Printed for Nath. Crouch at the Bell in the Poultry near Cheapside 1685. TO THE READER IT is a common Imputation cast upon Englishmen by Forreigners that they are more solicitous to be acquainted with the Affairs and Transactions of other Nations and Countreys than to be throughly informed of the most remarkable Passages which have happened in their own though I must assert that I am not of their Opinion since having already published three small Tracts of the same price with this one called Admirable Curiosities Rarities and Wonders in every County of England c. Another Historical Remarks of London and Westminster And a third Intituled The Wars in England Scotland and Ireland in the Reign of K. Charles the First I have found they have received very great acceptation with the English Nation so that many thousands more of them have been vended than of others which have concerned Forreign Matters this gives me incouragement to emit this brief Collection of the most memorable Occurrences during the Reigns of the Monarchs of England from the Roman Invasion to this present wherein I have purposely omitted several very considerable Passages as being already inserted in the three Books aforementioned so that these four may now be reckoned to give a very satisfactory account of all remarkable Revolutions and Accidents in England for near sixteen hundred years past which must certainly be very diverting since at so small a price any Person may be accommodated with so many useful particulars both for Instruction and Discourse and may likewise observe that our Ancestors wanted nothing of the Wisdom Conduct and Gallantry of this celebrated Age and ought not therefore to be reckoned so rude and barbarous as our brisk and gentiel Wits are apt through ignorance and in observance to imagine they were since we may find the Policy Valour and Clemency of the most renowned Roman Heroes to be matcht if not outdone by many of our noble English Worthies which may be a sufficient encouragement to every English Spirit to read the following Manual and thereby oblige their Humble Servant R. B. ENGLANDS MONARCHS Or An Account of the KINGS of ENGLAND From the Invasion of the ROMANS to this Time HIstorians conjecture That Britain was inhabited before Noah's Flood and Jeffry of Monmouth relates That it was Peopled by Brute with his Trojans about twelve hundred years after But others think the whole of these Relations to be meerly Fabulous affirming That the first Inhabitants thereof were derived from the Gauls or French by reason of their Agreement in Laws Customs Speech Buildings and other Usages though we may judge that being meerly Barbarous they took no care to transmit their Original to Posterity or if they had writ any thing it would probably have been lost in so long a time and such great Alterations of Affairs Therefore the small Light we have concerning them is borrowed from Foreign Writers of which I shall give this brief Account The Ancient Britans painted their naked Bodies with divers Pictures of Living Creatures Flowers Sun Moon and Stars thereby as they imagined to appear more dreadful to their Adversaries yet some of the Civiler sort were clothed and as a great Ornament they wore Chains of Iron about their Wastes and Necks and Rings on their middle Fingers The Hair of their Head they wore long which was naturally curled in many all other Parts they shaved onely the upper Lip They had ten or twelve Wives apiece who lived in common among their Parents and Brethren yet the Children were onely accounted his who first married the Mother while she was a Maid They were brought up in common amongst them They were moderate in their Diet as Milk Roots and Barks of Trees and a little thing no bigger than a Bean which for a great while took away both Hunger and Thirst Neither would they eat Hens Hares Geese nor Fish yet would often dine upon Venison and Fruits Their usual Drink was made of Barley They are reported by Plutarch to have lived very long many to an hundred and twenty years They were Idolatrous Heathens as to their Religion using Mans Flesh in their Sacrifices and adoring a multitude of Idols Their Priests were called Druids who managed their Sacrifices and likewise acted as Temporal Judges in all Civil Matters and it was highly criminal not to abide by their Judgment They were excused from the Wars and all Contributions They had a Primate who commanded over them in Chief Their Divinity was That the Soul is Immortal and passeth from one Body to another Which Doctrine they taught not out of Books but by Word of Mouth Their Buildings were low mean Cottages like those of the Gauls or Boors of France yet they fortified several thick Woods with Rampiers and Ditches which they called Towns Brass and Iron Rings were the Coin they used which were of a certain weight but afterward they grew more Civil by Traffick and had both Gold and Silver Money Their chief Trade was in Chains Wreaths Ivory Boxes Bits and Bridles with some Toys of Amber and Glass Neither was their Shipping more considerable their chief Vessels being made of light Wood covered over with Leather Their usual way of Fighting was in Military Chariots neither did they engage in great Bodies but had still fresh Men to succeed those who retired or were weary Their Weapons were Shields and short Spears at the lower end whereof was fastned a round Bell of Brass with which they terrified their Enemies Many times they fought under the Conduct of Valiant Women who were extraordinary Courageous They managed their Chariots so dexterously that running down a steep Hill with all speed they could stop them in the middle of their Course When the Romans first arrived here the Island was divided into Britannia Prima which contained the South part of England Britannia Secunda was the Western part now called Wales and Maxima Caesariensis which comprehended all the Northern parts beyond the River Trent The first of which in the Britains time belonged to the Archbishoprick of London the second to that of Caerleon or Glamorgan the third to that of York Julius Caesar the first Discoverer thereof really imagined that he had found a New World it

or Halberts in the Van the Battel began both Parties fighting bravely one for the Liberty of their Country and the other for a Kingdom The Normans perceiving they could not break the united Strength of the English pretended to fly which the English believing pursued them in disorder whereupon the Normans taking the advantage rallied and charging them furiously in that disjoynted Posture made a very great Slaughter among the English and among the rest King Harold his Brother and most of the English Nobility fell that day and of the Common Soldiers Sixty seven thousand nine hundred seventy four Others report an hundred thousand were slain Duke William had three Horses killed under him yet received not the least Wound his Loss being onely as is said Six thousand Men. Thus died King Harold after onely nine Months Reign and was buried at Waltham Abby in Essex And it is very remarkable That whereas Harold with his Father Godwin had cruelly murdered Alfred the true Heir to the Crown and his Normans he was now by a Norman wounded in the left Eye with an Arrow whereof he immediately died This great Battel was fought at Hastings in Sussex on Saturday October 14. 1066. The English after this vast Loss had designed to make Edgar Atheling King but it was prevented by their private Animosities And thus ended the Saxon Monarchy in England which from Hengist in 475. to this Year had continued save onely some short Interruptions by the Danes Five hundred ninety one Years And here we shall begin to give a more particular Account of all the Monarchs who have Reigned in England till His present Majesty King CHARLES the Second whom God preserve WILLIAM the FIRST SIRNAMED THE CONQVEROVR King of England and Duke of Normandy BY bloody Battels Conquest and by Fate Rich Englands Crown and Kingdom I surpris'd I topsie-turvie turn'd the English State And Laws and Customs strange and new devis'd And where I Conquer'd there I Tyranniz'd In stead of Love making the People fear In raising Taxes I was exercis'd And Tributes greater than the Land could bear Yea and the Normans Fame the more to rear The English I forbid the English Tongue French Grammar Schools I instituted here And ' gainst this Nation added Wrong to Wrong At last my Crown Sword Scepter Conquests brave I left I lost and scarce could find a Grave DUke William after the Fight which from that time was called Battel-Field and an Abby of that name built there hastned toward London wasting the Counties of Kent Sussex Surrey Hantshire and Berkshire and crossing the Thames at Wallingford marched through Oxfordshire Bucks and Hartford hire and on Christmas day following was Crowned King at Westminster by the inforced Consent of the English Nobility who with outward Applause though with inward Grief and Discontent acknowledged themselves to be his Subjects the Kentish-men onely excepted by whom as he went to possess himself of the strong Castle of Dover he was intercepted in his March being encompassed by many valiant Soldiers who carrying green Boughs in their Hands seemed to be a moving Wood suddenly environed him and his Followers protesting That rather than they would basely lose their Privileges and be deprived of their ancient Laws and Customs they were resolved every Man to die in the Place The King considering his own Danger and their Resolution consented to their Demands and for their bold and generous Resolution he ever after honoured them with this Preheminence That the Men of Kent should lead the Van in the Field And thereupon the Earldom and Castle of Dover was delivered to King William Now what the Kentish-men obtained by Arms the Citizens of London procured by Art for one William a Norman being their Bishop they so prevailed with him and he with the King that he confirmed their former Charter written in the Saxon Tongue and sealed with Green Wax to this Effect William King greeteth William Bishop and Godfrey Portreeve and all the Burgesses that in London be French and English Friendly And I do you to wit That I will that you enjoy all the Law which you did in the Days of Edward King And I will That each Child be his Fathers Inheritor after his Fathers Days And I will not suffer that any Man any Wrong you offer God keep you King William having thus conquered the Kingdom used several Policies for securing it to himself For presuming that he was obeyed by the Natives more out of Fear than Love 1. He took Hostages of those that were dearest to the English either Sons or Nephews whom he sent into Normandy for securing their Fidelity 2. He deprived the English of all Offices both of Honour and Profit conferring them on his Normans 3 Because the Clergy were much reverenced by the People and concerned themselves in Temporal Affairs he ordained That they should concern themselves onely in Spiritual Matters 4. To take away all Hopes of regaining their Liberty he disarmed all the Natives and left them utterly disabled to make any Resistance 5. To prevent all Concourse or Meetings where they might have opportunity to condole their Miseries especially in the Night he commanded a Bell to be hung up in every Town Village and City to be rung at Eight a Clock every Night at which every Englishman was to put out his Fire and to keep himself within his House 6. To diminish the English Nobility he sent them to fight his Battels in Normandy and if any of them returned Victorious they were much discountenanced in stead of being rewarded The Common People were likewise used in the same manner being still ordered to endure the hottest Service in Fight both in France and Normandy 7. He erected strong Forts and Castles in several places of the Realm commanded by his Countrymen who made the least Crime committed by the English to be Capital to them 8. He deprived the Gentry and Clergy of their Plate and Money yea even that used in Churches alledging That Thieves Traytors and Rebels had hid them there to deceive him of his Forfeitures and support themselves against his Authority 9. He published divers severe Laws in the French Tongue whereby many English of great Estates did ignorantly transgress and the smallest Offences were made sufficient to seise their Estates which were violently taken from them without any Commiseration 10. He declared the Patents Grants and Charters of former Kings to be void and having seised them into his own Hands he sold them again to the true Owners for great Sums of Money which if they could not procure he gave them to his French and Normans 11. He took a general Survey of the Natives Lands and Cattel and then laid unreasonable Taxes upon them not regarding their Cries or Poverty 12. He erected new Courts of Justice for administring his new Laws and caused his Judges constantly to follow his Court that they might never act any thing which should displease him or gratifie the English 13. To give

bad Mind doth a handsom Shape deform So I who was by Blood Descent and Form The perfect Image of a Gallant Prince Because my Vices I did not reform No Faith 's in Face or Shape I did evince My Royal Name and Power a Mock was made My Subjects madly in Rebellion rose Mischief on Mischief still did me invade Oppos'd Depos'd Expos'd Inclos'd in Woes With doubtful Fortune I in Trouble Reign'd At length by Murder Death and Rest I gain'd KIng Edward the Third in his last Sickness created his Nephew Richard Son to the Black Prince deceased Prince of Wales Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwal committing the Regency of the Kingdom to John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster After his Death Richard the Second of that Name of Eleven years old was Crowned King of England In the whole Course of his evil Government he slighted his Nobility and taxed his Subjects severely to throw it away prodigally upon his ill-deserving Favourites despising the Advice of the Wise and hearkning to the Follies of his young debauched Companions In his first year Charles King of France presuming on his Minority being assisted by the King of Castile landed in England burning the Towns of Plymouth Dartmouth Portsmouth Rye and others on the Sea and would have proceeded further had they not been encountred by the Earls of Cambridge Buckingham and others who beat them back to their Ships At the same time a valiant Scot named Alexander Ramsey at the instigation of the French King with only forty men desperately scaled the Walls of Berwick Castle and finding the Captain and Guards sleeping they took it without blows designing to have taken the Town too but the Inhabitants from the great noise in the Castle suspecting mischief cut down the Stairs of the Drawbridge on the Townside so that when the Scots let it fall the Chains broke and the Bridge fell into the Castle Ditch whereby the Scots not being able to get out were made Prisoners by their own Victory They then endeavoured to fortify the Castle but it was soon besieged and taken by K. Richard's Forces who gave quarter to none but only Ramsey their Captain Soon after the French again landed in England doing great mischief at Dover Winchelsey Hastings and Gravesend where they got much Booty To prevent and revenge these injuries a Parliament was called at Westminster wherein four Pence was laid upon every person above fourteen years old the levying whereof caused a dangerous Rebellion under Jack Straw Wat Tyler John Wall a Factious Priest and others who stiled themselves The Kings Men and the Servants of the Commonweal of England declaring that all Men ought to be equal in Dignity and Estate as being all the Sons of Adam they marched through several Countreys to London the mean sort of People joyning with them so that they became very formidable committing all manner of Insolencies and making bold demands of the King and the Lord Mayor which so incensed the Mayor that he struck Tyler off his Horse with his Sword where he was killed immediately upon which the Rebels who were above 20000 soon disperst no less than fifteen hundred being Executed for the same with several cruel Deaths and Torments in divers parts of the Realm And thus in an instant vanished this great cloud which threatned the destruction of King and Kingdom In his tenth year the King forsaking the advice of his gravest and most experienced Nobility was perswaded to commit many illegal and disorderly Actions by the Counsel of Michael de la Pool his Chancellor Robert de Vere Earl of Oxford Alexander Archbishop of York and Robert Tresillian Lord Chief Justice who without cause exasperated him against the Duke of Glocester his Uncle and the Earls of Warwick and Arundel whom they intended to surprise at Supper if Nicholas Exton Lord Mayor of London would have assisted them But failing herein they resolved to impeach them in Parliament but they being jealous of the Kings intent came thither strongly guarded while they were on their way in a Wood near the Court the King asked the Opinion of several about him what he should do in the case at length he merrily demanded of one Sir Hugh Liun who had been a good Souldier in his days but was now distracted what he would advise him to do Issue out quoth Sir Hugh and let us set upon them and kill every Mothers Son and when thou hast so done by Gods Eyes thou hast killed all the faithful Friends thou hast in England But K. Richard doubting the success of any violent course that Design was defeated and the King demanding a great Tax of four fifteens is not only denied but several misdemeanors of his Government are declared to him and at length Michael de la Pool his favourite is by the Lords found guilty of many offences Condemned Fined and Imprisoned and Commissioners were appointed to examine the Crimes of all the Kings Officers the King taking an Oath not to recal that Commission without consent of Parliament and it was enacted That all those who should perswade the King to infringe the same should for the second offence suffer as Traytors to the King and Kingdom Notwithstanding which this Parliament was no sooner ended but Pool Vere Tresillian and others perswaded him contrary to this Solemn Oath to assemble the Judges at Nottingham where they pronounced the Duke of Gloucester and the thirteen Commissioners and divers others to be guilty of High Treason for compelling the King to ratify the Commission under his Great Seal which Judgment they confirmed under their Hands as agreeable to the Laws of the Kingdom The Truce with France being ended that King sent 1000 Persons of Quality into Scotland who joyning with their Army of 30000 they therewith invaded England committing many violences but hearing King Richard was marching toward them they turned into the craggy Mountains of Wales doing much mischief to the Inhabitants and in the mean time K. Richard entred Scotland with 68000 men burning and destroying Edinborough St. Johnstons Sterling Dundee with many other places and then returned home The Scots and French returning found little or no sustenance by reason of the late ruins so that the Frenchmen were forced to return home without Horses Arms or Money but the Admiral and several Grandees were kept as Pledges by the Scots till the French King had satisfied the losses and damages which they had sustained meerly for his sake upon whose account they entred into this War whereupon he was forced to send what Money they demanded to redeem his Commanders The French King vowing Revenge against the English for these Disgraces prepared a very great Army which he designed to transport into England in a Navy of no less than 1200 Ships Against whom King Richard soon raised vast Forces consisting in above 100000 Men. But all these mighty Preparations soon came to nothing for the French Soldiers in their March toward the Ships committed such horrid

Suffolk resolving to get what Forces she could and try her Right by Arms being there divers of the Nobility and Gentry resorted to her offering their aid to establish her in the Throne provided she would make no alteration in Religion which she faithfully promised with many solemn Asseverations yet soon made it appear That no Faith is to be kept with Hereticks The Lords hearing she raised Forces they did the like and sent them under the Duke of Northumberland against her but his Commission being limited that he could do nothing without daily orders from the Council he was forced to march slowly which was his utter ruine for the Lady Mary sent to several of the Nobility to come in to her assistance as the Earls of Sussex Oxford and Bath and other Lords and Gentlemen who came with their Tenants and other Commoners relying upon her Promise not to alter Religion but especially the Suffolk men and yet Mr. Fox observes that she burnt and put to death more of that County for Religion than of any other County in England so fatal was the belief of her promises to them The Fleet which was sent to surprise her joyning likewise with her and the People in general being for her the Council saw it in vain to withstand and therefore sent to the Duke of Northumberland to dismiss his Army whereupon the Lady Mary was proclaimed Queen and the Lady Jane who had only personated a Queen for ten days was sent to the Tower Soon after the Duke of Northumberland was condemned and beheaded with Sir John Gates and Sir Tho. Palmer And a Parliament being called all the Laws concerning the Illegitimacy of the Queen and those against the Pope and his Usurpations were repealed In her second year and the thirty seventh of her Age the Queen began to think of marrying and at last was Contracted to Philip King of Spain and Son to the Emperour Charles the Fifth which caused great dissatisfaction among her Subjects fearing that the Spaniards having once got footing in England would enslave the Nation and deprive them of their Ancient Laws and Customs This alienated them from the Queen so that several private Consults were held about deposing Queen Mary and re-establishing the Lady Jane who remained under Sentence of death in the Tower of London but these contrivances being discovered the Fomentors had recourse to Arms for their own security the first of them was Sir Thomas Wiat who made an Insurrection in Kent and by declaring himself for the defence of his Countrey and Religion raised 3000 of the Commons The Duke of Suffolk his Brother the Lord Gray and Sir Peter Carew of Devonshire and others designed the like in Cornwal Devonshire and Suffolk but resolving not to shew themselves till the Spaniards landed they were detected and forced to fly However Wiat increased daily in power and threatned the Herald who was sent with a Pardon to Pistol him if he endeavoured to withdraw the Souldiers from him and one Colonel Bret made an incouraging Oration to them to this purpose Valiant Countreymen we now ingage our selves in a cause to vindicate our Common Liberties against the Insolencies of the cruel Spaniard you whose degenerate Spirits can endure slavery continue in it in Gods name but as for me I had rather undergo the most painful death than betray my Rights to the Spaniards and I here enroll my self under Wiats Colours and am confident that some of you for the Vindication of the Ancient Glory of the English Nation will follow my example He had scarce ended this Speech but they threw up their Caps and cried out a Wiat a Wiat so that the Duke of Norfolk the Earl of Arundel and Sir Henry Iirningham who approached them at Rochester Bridge turned Tail and fled In the mean time the Queen mistrusting the Londoners whom she knew hated Popery came to Guildhall and in a Speech declared to them that though Wiats pretences were against the Match with Spain yet his real design was to plunder and therefore she left with them the Lord Howard and the Lord Treasurer to assist the Lord Mayor in defending the City against the Rebels At length Wiat arrived in Southwark and with his great Guns beat down divers Houses but being opposed by the Queens Forces and about twenty of ●hem slain he soon after submitted upon hope of Mercy and was committed to the Tower his fol●owers dispersing themselves and twenty pair of Gallows were set up in divers places in the City whereon many were executed This Rebellion being supprest the Popish Faction reflected on the Lady Jane as the cause thereof and soon after she and her Husband the Lord Guilford Dudley were beheaded Wiat in hope of pardon accused the Lady Elizabeth and the Marquess of Exeter as Accomplices but at his Death he again cleared her Then the Duke of Suffolk and his Brother suffered as likewise Sir Nicholas Throgmorton and ●he Lady Elizabeth was in great danger of her life at this time and indeed all the Reign of her Sister yet still happily escaped The Queen having removed all obstacles Philip of Spain arrived in England and married her Upon which succeeded the Reconciliation of the whole Kingdom by Cardinal Pool which he did in these words Our Lord Jesus Christ whom the Father hath appointed head ●ver all the Church absolve you and we by the Apostolick Authority given us by the most Holy Lord Pope Julius the Third his Vicegerent on Earth do absolve and deliver you and every of you with the whole Realm and the Dominions ●hereof from all Heresy and Schism and from all and every ●udgment censures and pains for that cause incurred and also we do restore you again to the Vnity of our Mother the Holy Church as in our Lettters of Commission more plainly shall appear The Queen next endeavoured to prevail upon the Parliament to restore the Abby Lands but they were so divided among the Nobility and Gentry that it proved ineffectual And being now thirty eight years old it was reported she was with Child and ●ll things were provided for her lying in yea a Popish Priest ventured to describe the excellent Features of the Infant before it was born and Bells and Guns ●roclaimed the joy but at length it came all to no●hing which caused much laughter The Reign of Queen Mary seemed hitherto only sprinkled with Blood but now the blessed Martyrs come thick to Act their parts for the Protestant Clergy were not only deprived of their Livings but all sorts without respect of Sex Age or Quality began to feel the severity of her Laws the pourtraicture whereof cannot be better expressed than in the words of the Reverend Bishop Jewel in his vindication of the Protestant Religion against the Romanists wherein he thus deciphers their hard usage toward the Reformers You have saith he imprisoned your Brethren you have stript them naked you have scourged them with Rods you have burnt their Hands and Arms

all the Muses Nine In Latin Greek and Hebrew she most excellent was known To Forreign Kings Ambassadors the same was daily shown Th' Italian French and Spanish Tongue she well could speak and read The Turkish and Arabian Speech grew perfect at her need JAMES King of England c. EPITAPH WE justly when a meaner Subject dies Begin his Epitaph with here he lies But wherin King whose memory remains Triumphant over-death with Here he Reigns Now he is dead to whom the world imputes Deserved admirable Attributes For shall we think his Glory can decease That 's honour'd with a stile The King of Peace VVhose happy Vnion of Great Britany Calls him The blessed King of Unity And in whose Royal Title it ensu'th Defender of the Faith and King of Truth These girt thy Brows with an Immortal Crown Great James and turn thy Tomb into a Throne BY the death of Queen Elizabeth the Sovereignty of the Tudors expired yielding place to the Stuarts to succeed the first of whom was James the sixth King of Scotland who united both the Kingdoms was of the same Religion with his Predecessor happy because he obtained the Kingdom by lawful Succession no way imbroiled with Wars and Tumults but settled in exceeding great Peace yet as a storm succeeds a calm soon after his entrance a Conspiracy was discovered and the Lord Cobbam Sir Walter Rawleigh and others were accused and condemned for designing the destruction of the King to change Religion to raise Tumults and to introduce Forreigners some of whom were put to death and others Imprisoned He was Crowned at Westminster by Archbishop Whitgift at which time there raged so great a Plague in London that 305 78 died thereof in one year He caused the Bible to be newly translated out of the Original Languages Now though the King had made Peace with Spain yet the Popes Sons thought to have brought ruin upon the King and Kingdom all at once during the sitting of the Parliament to which purpose they had hired a Cellar under the Parliament House wherein they placed thirty six barrels of Gunpowder and upon them several Bars of Iron Faggots and other things for doing Execution but this Hellish Design was happily discovered by a Letter sent to the Lord Monteagle Son to the Lord Morley by some of the Conspirators wherein they advised him not to appear in the House the first day of sitting this Letter being shewed to divers of the Nobility they could not comprehend the meaning thereof but being seen by the King he presently conjectured that the design was to blow up the House with Gunpowder and search being made it was happily discovered and the Conspirators fled Piercy and Catesby being pursued were shot to death before they could be taken others were burnt to Death by drying Gunpowder by the Fire Sir Ever Digby John and Christopher Wright Guy Fawks Grant Winter ●ates and Keys were hanged and quartered as principal Plotters some of them designed an Insurrection in Northampton and Warwickshire but it was soon blown over In his tenth year the Countess of Essex accus●ng her Husband of Insufficiency was divorced from him married to the E. of Somerset who was thought to have made love to her before in an unlawful way and therefore Sir Thomas Overbury disswaded him from the Match as being a Vitious Woman which she having notice of they contrived his death and having persuaded him to refuse an honourable imployment offered him by the King he was sent to the Tower for his contempt where with the help of Sir Gervas Elway the Lieutenant Mrs. Turner one Franklin an Apothecary and Weston his death was effected by Poyson which being after discovered they were executed for the same and the Earl and Countess of Somerset condemned but reprieved Fredrick Count Elector Palatine came now to London to marry King James's Daughter which was solemnized with all manner of Joy but soon overclouded by the death of the Virtuous and Heroick Prince Henry Nov. 6. 1612. about which time the gallant Sir Walter Rawleigh after fourteen years imprisonment Petitioned the King that he might make a Voyage into America which the King granted giving him a Commission under the great Seal to set forth Ships and Men for his Service his reputation and merit caused many Gentlemen of Quality to venture their Estates and Persons with him many considerable Adventures hapned as the burning of St. Thomas and others of which Information being given to Count Gondamor the Spanish Ambassador he continually importuned the King for satisfaction Of which Rawleigh as soon as ever landed at Plymouth having notice endeavoured to escape from thence in a Bark to Rochel but being taken he was brought to London and committed to the Tower Gondamor looked on him as a Man of great Courage and Ability but as having much Animosity against his Master being one of those Scourges employed by Q. Elizabeth to vex him and was therefore resolved to use all manner of means to ruine him In consequence whereof in October Rawleigh was brought to the Kings Bench Bar before the L. Chief Justice where the Record of his Arraignment at Winchester was produced and he demanded why Judgment should not be put in execution against him Rawleigh replied That the Judgment was made void by the Kings Commission for his late Expedition The L. Chief Justice replied The Opinion of the Court was to the contrary and thereupon he was sentenced and requiring time to prepare for Death it was answered The time appointed was the next Morning And accordingly he was the next day beheaded in the Old Palace-yard Westminster About this time Queen Ann died and the Palsgrave who had married the Lady Elizabeth having at the Instance of several of the German Princes been chosen King of Bohemia the Emperour was wonderfully inraged thereat and proclaimed War against him driving him first out of Bohemia and afterward out of all Germany yet at last he was received and found bountiful Entertainment in Holland During this Kings Reign the English Plantations were setled in the West-Indies namely Virginia first discovered by Sir Water Rawleigh who gave it that Name in Honour of his Virgin-Mistress Q. Elizabeth Also Bermudas and new-New-England to which a multitude of Inhabitants quickly resorted and made themselves very commodious Habitations James was K. of England Scotland France and Ireland he was Son to Henry Stuart L. Darnly who was Grandson to the Lady Margaret eldest Daughter to King Henry the seventh of England by her second Husband His Mother was Mary Queen of Scotland Grandchild to the Lady Margaret by her first Husband James the Fourth K. of Scotland so that the Lady Margret was great Grandmother to King James both by the Father and Mothers side He Reigned twenty two years and three days and was the forty fourth Sole Monarch of England He died of the Spleen on Saturday March 27. 1625. in the fifty ninth year of his Age and was buried at Westminster

CHARLES the FIRST King of England c. THough clog'd with miseries and woes Palm-like deprest I highher rose And as th' unmoved Rock outbraves The b isterous Winds and raging Waves So Triumpht I and shone more bright In sad afflictions darksome Night My splendid but yet toilsom Crown Regardlesly I trampled down With joy I took a Crown of Thorn Though Sharp yet easy to be born The Heavenly Crown already mine I view'd with Eyes of Faith divine I vain things slighted to inchace Glory the just reward of Grace CHarles the third Son of James the sixth King of Scots and Ann his wife daughter of Frederick the Second King of Denmark was born at Dumfermling in Scotland Nov. 19. 1600. At the Age of two years he was created D. of Albany In 1603. K. James had news by Sir Robert Cary one of the younger Sons of the L. Hunsdon that Q. Elizabeth was dead contrary to the opinion of many of his Scotch Courtiers who being wearied with the tediousness of their expectation did believe at last that it would never be acknowledged by the Lords of England that the Q. was dead as long as there was any old woman of that Nation left to wear good clothes take the name of Q. upon her for bringing which news the D. of Albany was committed to the Governance of Sir Robert Carys Lady and he himself ever after much esteemed by him This news being seconded by that of the proclaiming of K. J. for her lawful successor the K. prepared to go for England at which time a certain Laird of the High-lands though very old came to Court to take his leave of him and after his prayers for his Majesties long life and prosperity he next applied himself to D. Charles without taking any great notice of Prince Henry and when the K. told him he mistook himself in his Addresses to the Infant as not being his eldest Son and Prince of Scotland he answered That he knew well enough what he did and that it was this Child in whom his name and memory was to be perpetuated to future Ages with other speeches of the like nature which were then disregarded but after the death of Prince Henry were thought to have somewhat prophetical in them In the sixth year of his age he was taken from the charge of the Women and committed to the Tutorage of Mr. Tho. Murray under whom he advanced exceedingly in learning the weakness in his legs rendring him more bookish and studious than he had otherwise been which Prince Henry taking notice of he jestingly one time took Archbishop Abbots Square Cap and put on his brothers head telling him That if he continued a good boy and followed his book he would make him one day Archbishop of Canterbury which the Child took in such disdain that he threw his Cap on the ground and trampled it under his feet which afterward was taken as an ill presage to the Church but it was altogether groundless as to him since there never was a more gracious Patron to the Church nor a more resolute Champion for the Hierarchy than he When he was twelve years old his brother Prince Henry died and Charles succeeded in the Principality of Wales Dukedom of Cornwal all the Royalties thereof In 1622. he took Ship at Dover arrived at Bullen in France and from thence rid Post to the Court of Spain upon this occasion Frederick Prince Palatine being disspossest of his ancient patrimony by the Emperor of Germany as aforementioned the upper Palatinate being conferred upon the D. of Bavaria and the lower on the K. of Spain it was held most expedient to negotiate a marriage between Prince Charles and the Infanta of Spain for the recovery of the whole which being managed by the L. Digby he was fed with delays from one time to another whereupon K. James resolved to send the Prince in Person either to consummate or break off the treaty accordingly he went accompanied with the D. of Buckingham Mr. Endimion Porter and Mr. Francis Cottington when ●ews came of his arrival at Madrid though the English Subjects were glad for his safety yet they were afraid of his danger because he had put himself into the power of the King of Spain which no body durst acquaint the King withal but Archee the Jester who going boldly to the King as he found him in a good humour told him That he was come to change Caps with him Why said the King Marry says Archee Because thou hast sent the Prince into Spain from whence he is never like to return But says the King What wilt thou say when thou ●est him come back again Marry says Archee I will then take off the Cap which I put upon thy head for sending him ●hither and put it on the King of Spain for letting him return At which words it is reported the King was much concern'd not having before apprehended the danger of that Adventure Dr. Heylins Life K. Charles p. 25. But the Spaniard had no such design and therefore the Restitution of the Palatinate being denied the Match broke off and a Rupture was like to follow whereupon K. James proposed a Marriage with Henrietta Maria of France whom the Prince had seen when he passed incognito into Spain which afterward took effect It is reported that when she was told that the Prince of Wales had been at the Court and was gone to Spain she said That if he had went to Spain for a Wife he might have had one nearer hand and saved himself a great part of the trouble During these Preparations for a War and Marriage King James departed this life at Theobalds and Prince Charles was proclaimed K. of G. Brittain France and Ireland But having already published a little Book of the same price with this called The Wars in England Scotland and Ireland or An Account of the Reign of King Charles the First his Illegal Tryal and deplorable Martyrdom with all Passages to His present Majesties happy Restauration I shall not here repeat any part thereof but collect some few Remarkable Occurrences which have happened from the year 1660 to this time King CHARLES the Second NO Voice more soft than Thunder can express Our present Joy or our past Heaviness None can the largeness of this Joy set out Vnless at once he makes three Kingdoms sho● To God on High in Thankfulness and Prais●t Who without Blood did Crown our King wit● Bays Brought from three Conquered Nations whichh he Holds in subjection but to make them free Without a War Great Charles his Kingdoms won Thus streight when Heaven please the thing is done Now let us thankful be and sing his praise Who for our Cypress has bestowed Bays May we give God and Caesar all their due And always Peace and Loyalty pursue AFter His Majesties most Wonderful and Joyful Restauration in the year 1660 he was April 23. following Crowned with all manner of Magnificence at Westminster and

Fitz-Harris were hanged at Tyburn July 2. The E. of Shaftsbury was committed to the Tower one Stephen Colledg a Joyner was likewise sent Prisoner thither and a Bill being brought against him to the Grand-Jury at the Old Bayly they returned it Ignoramus a while after he was sent to Oxford and found guilty of High-Treason committed there for which he was there executed Novem. 24. a Commission issued out for the Tryal of L. Shaftsbury at the Old Bayly but the Grand-Jury brought in the Bill Ignoramus July 12 13 14. 1683 Willam L. Russel Thomas Walc●t William Ho●e and John Rous were endicted and condemned for High Treason the L. Russel was beheaded in Lincolns-Inn-Fields and the others executed at Tyburn Decem. 7. Algernon Sidney Esquire was beheaded on Tower-hill upon the same Account June 20. 1684. Sir Thomas Armstrong was hanged and quartered upon an Outlawry for High-Treason James Holloway likewise executed some time before at Tyburn upon the like Outlawry for High Treason The Names of the Principal Officers Civil and Military in England 1684. The Right Honourable the Lords of His Majesties most Honourable Privy-Council 33. Lord A. Bishop Canterbury Lord Gilford Lord Keeper E. of Radnor L. President Mar. Hallifax L. Privy Seal Duke of Ormond Duke of Albemarle Duke of Newcastle Duke of Beaufort Marquess of Winchester Earl of Lindsey Earl of Arlington Earl of Oxford Earl of Huntington Earl of Bridgwater Earl of Peterborough Earl of Chesterfield Earl of Sunderland Earl of Clarendon Earl of Bath Earl of Craven Earl of Ailsbury Earl of Nottingham Earl of Rochester L. Viscount Faulconbridge Lord Bishop of London Lord Dartmouth Henry Coventry Esq Sir ●●oline Jenkyns Knight 〈…〉 Ernle 〈…〉 Chichely 〈…〉 L.C. Justice Sidney Godolphin Esq Edward Seymour Esq The Great Officers of the Crown 9. L. High Steward of Engl. L. Keeper Lord North. L. High Treasurer at present in Commission L. President E. of Radror L. Privy Seal Mar. Hallifax L Great Chamberlain Earl of Lindsey L. High Constable Earl Marshal D. of Norfolk L. High Admiral at present in Commission His Majesties Principal Secretaries of State 2. Earl of Sunderland Sidney Godolphin Esq Officers of His Majesties Houshold Ecclesiastical 3. Dean of the Chappel Lord Bishop of London Clerk of the Closet Lord Bishop of Durham L. Almoner L. B. Rochester Civil 9. L. Steward D. of Ormond L. Chamberlain E. Arlington Master of the Horse Duke of Richmond Treasurer Lord Newport Comptroller L. Maynard Cofferer Lord Brounker Master of the Houshold H. Bulkly Esq Clerks of the Green-cloth Sir S. Fox Sir W. Boreman Clerks Comptrollers Sir Win. Churchill Sir R. Mason Gentlemen of the Bed chamber E. of Bath first Gentleman and Groom of the Stole Duke of Newcastle E. of Dorset and Middlesex Earl of Mulgrave Duke of Albemarle Earl of Lindsey Earl of Oxford Earl of Arran Lord Latimer Earl of Sussex Earl of Rannelagh Earl of Litchfield Earl of Rochester Vicechamb H. Saville Esq Keeper of the Privy Purse Baptist May Esq Treasurer of the Chamber Edward Griffen Esq Surveyor-General of His Majesties Works Sir Christopher Wren Master of the Robes belonging to His Majesties Person Hen. Sydney Esq Master of the Jewel-house Sir Gilbert Talbot Master of the Ceremonies Sir Charles Cotterel Master of the Wardrobe Ralph L. Mountague Master Falconer Duke of St. Albans Clerks of the Council Sir J. Nicholas Kt. of the Bath Sir Philip Lloyd Sir Thomas Dolman Francis Gwyn Esq Masters of the Requests Sir Charles Cotterel Thomas Povey Esq Sir William Glascock Charles Morley Esq Clerks of the Privy Seal Sir Charles Bickerstaff John Matthews Esq Thomas Watkins Esq John Richards Esq Clerks of the Signet Sir John Nicholas Kt. Bath Sidney Bere Esq Nicholas Morice Esq Dr. William Trumbull Kt. Marshal Sir E. Villiers Usher of the Black Rod Sir Thomas Duppa Serj. Porter Sir H. Progers Military Capt. of the Band of Pensioners E. of Huntington Lieut. Fra. Villiers Esq Standard-bearer Sir Humphrey Winch. Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard L. Viscount Grandison Lieut. Tho. Howard Esq Ensign H. Dutton-Colt Esq Clerk of the Check Charles Villiers Esq The Judges and Principal Officers of Justice 12. Of the Kings Bench. Sir Geo. Jeffreys Kt. Bar. L. C. Justice of England Sir Francis Withens Kt. Sir Richard Holloway Kt. Sir Thomas Walcot Kt. Of the Common Pleas. Sir Tho. Jones L. C. Justice Sir Hugh Windham Kt. Sir Job Charlton Kt. Sir Creswel Levinz Kt. Of the Exchequer Will. Mountague L.C. Baron Sir Edw. Atkyns Kt. Sir William Gregory Kt. Sir Thomas Street Kt. Of the High Court of Chancery Fra. L. Guilford L. Keeper Sir Harbottle Grimston Master of the Rolls The Eleven Masters in Chancery Sir John Coell Kt. Sir W. Beversham Kt. Sir Samuel Clark Kt. Sir Edward Low D. L. Sir Miles Cooke Kt. Sir Lac. Will. Child Kt. Sir John Hoskins Kt. Sir John Franklyn Kt. Sir Adam Otley Kt. Sir Robert Le Gard Kt. Sir James Astrey Kt. Sir R. Sawyer Attorny Gen. H. Finch Esq Sollicit Gen. The Court of the Dutchy of Lancaster Chancellor Sir T. Chichely Vicechancell Sir J. Otway Attorney Gen Sir J. Heath Receiver Gen. Sir J. Curson Auditors J. Fanshaw Esq Edw. Webb Esq Clerk Cheek Gerard Esq The Chief Officers of His Majesties Revenue The Commissioners of the Treasury Earl of Rochester Sir John Ernle Kt. Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir Edward Deering Bar. Sir Stephen Fox Kt. Sydney Godolphin Esq And under these Lords The Commissioners of the Customs Charles Lord Chene Sir Dudley North Kt. Andrew Newport Esq Sir Richard Temple Baronet Sir Geo. Downing Kt. Bar. Sir Nicholas Butler Kt Commissioners of the Excise● and Fire-Hearths Sir Denny Ashburnham Bar. Francis Parrey Esq Robert Huntington Esq Charles Davenant Esq John Friend Esq Felix Calvert Esq Nath. Horneby Esq Patrick Trant Esq William Bridge Esq Treasurer Sir Cornw. Bradshaw Kt. Commissioners for Wine-Licences Henry Deering Esq William Young Esq John Taylor Esq Michael Brighouse Esq Robert Ryves Esq Commissioners of Appeals for Excise Robert Spencer Esq Charles Fanshaw Esq Sir Paul Neal Kt. George Dodington Esq Edward Seymour Esq Of the High Court of Admiralty The Commissioners for Executing the Office of L. High Admiral of England Earl of Nottingham Sir Thomas Meers Baronet Sir Humphrey Winch Kt. Sir Edward Hales Baronet Sir John Chichely Knight Henry Saville Esq Arthur Herbert Esq Vice-Admiral of England Duke of Crafton Rere-Adm Ar. Herbert Esq Judge of the Admiralty Sir Leoline Jenkyns Treasurer of the Navy L. Falkland Comptroller Sir Richard Haddock Surveyor Sir John Tippet Clerk of the Acts James Southern Esq To whom are joyned these Commissioners Sir John Narborough Kt. Sir Phineas Pett Kt. Sir Richard Beech Kt. Sir John Godwin Kt. Constable of the Tower of London Lord Allington Lieutenant of the Tower Thomas Cheek Esq Master of the Ordinance Lord Dartmouth Lieut. Sir Chr. Musgrave Surveyor of the Ordnance Sir Bernard de Gome Kt. Treasurer Cha. Bertie Esq Clerk of the Ordnance

desire you to sufferour sick and wounded men with our women and Children to pass safely through your Camp and if afterward you dare assault our walls and forts and by your courage should happen to become our Lord you may then deal with us as you please and by this action may make your self famous among those Heroes who scorn all mean attempts and regard nothing so much as unspotted honour and reputation The King having with some trouble heard this bold Oration he presently returned this undaunted Answer Proud vain glorious Frenchmen Do you imagin that I am so weak a Scholar in the Art of War as not to have yet learned the principles thereof are not the Sword Fire and Famine the three principal Instruments wherewith the most renowned Kings and Gallant Captains have ever and do still endeavour to subdue their enemies and being joined together are they not able to conquer the stoutest nation in the World it was my goodness and Clemency that I did not assault your walls with my Sword because I would not willingly be the death of any but those who wilfully seek their own destruction neither do I intend to consume so fair a Jewel as this City is with Fire but desire to preserve it as being my own Right and Inheritance if I then use the mildest of the three that is Famine to correct you and bring you to reason you may if you please quickly free your selves from it by delivering this City into my hands which if you shall obstinately refuse I will make you sensible that every impudent talking fellow is not fit to instruct Princes in martial affairs neither ought bookish unexperienced Plebeians to read warlike Lectures to me who am their enemy you desire nay you saucily require that your sick and starved People may pass into the Country through my Army and then if I dare I may assault your Town the World will certainly wonder at your cruelty who have barbarously and uncharitably thrust out of your Gates multitudes of innocent poor distressed People of your own blood kindred and Country on purpose that I should unmercifully kill and destroy them yet such hath been my mercy that I have often relieved and succored them but since I find your obstinacy still continue I henceforth resolve not to give them any comfort and if they perish with Famine as they needs must God will require their blood at your Hands who would most wickedly expose them to these calamities and not at mine who would willingly preserve them if I could have my right be you therefore assured that since you remain so obdurate they shall not pass through my Army but die at your Gates unless your hard Hearts yield them some pity And when I see cause I will assault your Town to your cost but will not be directed how nor when by you in the mean time I would have you know that he who does thus invade and march through the very bowels of your Countrey he who hath already taken as strong though not so great Cities as this and he who with the death and destruction of your chiefest Nobles Captains and most valiant men at Arms hath forced his way thus to besiege your Town dares also if he please assault it and doubts not in the least to win it when he shall think fit The King having thus spoke ordered that the French Commissioners should Dine with his great Officers of State and with a frowning Countenance turned from them after Dinner the Frenchmen consulting among themselves humbly begged of the King a Truce for eight days to consult what was to be done which the King naturally inclined to Clemency freely granted during which daily conferences passed between both partys but nothing was concluded upon which the Townsmen desired only one day more which was frankly assented to in which the Common People hearing nothing was done fell into a dreadful mutiny and threatned to cut their Commanders Throats for suffering them to starve like Dogs for their own pleasure and therefore they forced them to deliver up this great and strong City The French being much disheartned at these disasters a Treaty of Peace was begun in which K. Henry being denied all his demands was very angry and told the Duke of Burgundy the Regent of the Kingdom That he would have the Princess Katherine to Wife and all those Countreys and Provinces he required or else he would drive both his Master and himself out of the Kingdom The Duke reply'd Such words were spoke with much ease but it would cost him much trouble and pains to make them good Which King Henry was resolved to do and therefore suddenly too● the Town of Poictois in a dark night with scaling La●● 〈◊〉 without blows and thereby laid the way open to P● before which the Duke of Clarence the Kings Brother 〈◊〉 with his Troops two days and much affrighted 〈◊〉 ●itizens but being ●●able to assault it with so 〈◊〉 a number he rose from thence and within se●●●ays took all the Towns Cities Castles and Forts in Normandy except Mount St. Michael The Duke of Burgundy finding that the want of an entire friendship between him and the Dauphin was the chief cause of the destruction of France resolved to agree with him but the Dauphin being irreconcileable upon their meeting caused the Duke to be trecherously murdered which yet seemed to be a just revenge upon him he himself having caused Lewis the Duke of Orleance to be murthered upon a like enterview in the tenth year of K. Henry the Fourth Philip the Dukes Son was extreamly inraged with this horrible accident and to be quit with the Dauphin he with the Earl of Flanders used all means to conclude a Peace betwixt the Kings of England and France and so turn all their Forces against the Dauphin who acted upon his own account and had lately deprived the the Queen of France of her Treasure who therefore hated and abhorred him and to that end it was agreed that K. Henry should meet with Charles the Sixth K. of France Isabel his Queen and the Lady Katharine where a firm Peace was soon agreed on and K. Henry was married with great triumph to the Lady Katharine and was proclaimed sole Regent and Heir apparent of the Crown of France both in England and France King Charles only to have Possession during life After this Peace which consisted of twenty Articles very advantageous to Henry and that the Nobility of both Kingdoms had sworn to them the two Kings accompanied with James the young and valiant King of Scots the Duke of Burgundy Prince of Orange with a great many Lords and Knights besieged and took all the strong Towns and Castles in the Dutchy of Burgundy which joyned with the Dauphin and then they all marched to Paris where K. Henry was again proclaimed Heir apparent of France and soon after a great Assembly was called at Paris where both Kings sat as Judges and the Dutchess