Flames but the Devout Citizens first made a Collection for the Repair of the Church and then set themselves to the re-edifying their own Houses And so we come to a Trial 1284. very unusual in Courts of Justice in Ireland tho' too frequent in the Field viz. that of Battle Ware presul 142. for Jeofry Saintleger Bishop of Ossory in a Writ of Right for the Mannor of Sirekeran in Ely O Carol recovered the same and the Trial was by Battle between the Bishops Champion and the Champion of his Adversary The Lords and Potentates of Ophaly were grown strong enough to take and burn the Castle of Ley 1285. and it seems Theobald Verdon going to revenge that Injury lost both his Men and his Horses which was followed with a greater Misfortune for the next Morning Girald Fitz-Maurice was betrayed by his Followers and taken Prisoner Nor had the English better Success at Rathdod for in an unfortunate Skirmish there Sir Gerard Doget Ralph Petit and many more were slain and the Lord Geofry Genevil had much ado to save himself by Flight Amidst these Disturbances Burlace 31. the Lord Justice obtained from the King a Pension of five hundred Pound per annum for his Expence and Charge in the Government to continue as long as his Justiceship but if any extraordinary Accident should require more Expence than the Writ prescribes That a Vice-Treasurer be appointed to receive and pay the Revenue as the Lord Justice and the Court of Exchequer shall think fit But the next Year was more favourable 1286. so that Philip Stanton in November burnt Norwagh and Ardscol and other Towns and the great Rebel Calwagh was taken at Kildare which superseded these Stirs for a Time Nevertheless this Year was fatal to many Noblemen viz. Maurice Fitz-Maurice who died at Rosse as Girald Fitz-Maurice Oge did at Rathmore and the Lord Thomas de Clare could not escape the Common Fate to which the Lord Justice himself was forced to submit So that John Sandford 1287. Archbishop of Dublin was chosen Lord Justice His Government was the more uneasie to him because Richard Burk 1288. Earl of Vlster and Walter Lacy Lord of Meath confederated against Theobald de Verdon and Besieged him in the Castle of Athloan and came with a great Army as far as Trim However this was in a great measure recompenced by the Plenty of the Year which was so great even in England that a Bushel of Wheat was sold for four Pence It was usual in this King's Reign To send the new English Statutes in some reasonable time after they were made to be proclaimed and observed in Ireland Thus in the thirteenth Year of his Reign he sent by Roger Bretun the Statutes of Westminster the first of Glocester of Merchants and of Westminster the second to the Lord Justice Fulborne to publish and notifie them to the People And this Year the like was done by the Statute called Ordinatio pro Statu Hiberniae which was enacted in England and sent to Ireland to be observed there and is to be seen in French in the second part of the Ancient Statutes printed at London 1532. And the Statutes of Lincoln and of York were also sent to Ireland Ex lib. Alb. Scac. Hib. to be enrolled in the Chancery and to be published and notified to the People 20 Novemb. 17 Edw. 1. And it is to be observed That after Parliaments were held in Ireland yet the English Statutes did extend to Ireland as the eleventh of Edward III Lib. M. Lamb. of Drapery and the twenty seventh of Edward III of the Staple and the fourth of Henry V cap. 6-touching the Promotion of Clerks of the Irish Nation and many more But it is time to return to the Lord Justice whose Service the King had occasion to make use of in England and in several Foreign Embassies in all which he behaved himself honourably He was succeeded in Ireland by William Vescy 15 Novemb. 1290. Lord Justice Whose Government was disturbed by O Hanlon in Vlster and O Mlaghlin in Meath who were again in Rebellion but Richard Earl of Vlster had the good Fortune to suppress O Hanlon with a few Blows and the Lord Justice did as much for O Mlaghlin and pursued him so close that at last he was taken and slain by Mac Coughlan who grew so proud upon that Service that he set up for himself and gave a great Defeat to William Burk at Delvin and to the English in Ophaly And tho' the King in the thirteenth Year of his Reign had a Grant from the Pope of the Tenth of all Ecclesiastical Revenues in Ireland for seven Years toward the Holy War which was followed with a Grant of a Fifteenth from the Temporality yet now upon the Expiration of that Grant he wrote to the Bishops and Clergy for a Dism of their Spiritualities to defray his Debts in redeeming his Nephew Charles But they unanimously answered Quod concessioni petitionis praefatae minime supercederent But Cambden assures us That the Temporality granted another Fifteenth To this Lord Justice Cambden 78. Baliol King of Scotland did Homage for some Lands he held in Ireland and about the same time it was ordered 4 Inst 356. That the Treasurer of Ireland should account yearly at the Exchequer of England 1293. And the same Year came over Gilbert de Clare Earl of Glocester whose Wife Joan of Acres was the King's Daughter But now there arose great Feuds between John Fitz-Thomas Fitz-Girald Lord of Ophaly and the Lord Justice whereupon the Lord Justice did underhand encourage the Irish to do all the Prejudice they could to Fitz-Girald and his Partisans hence arose mutual Complaints and reciprocal Impeachments so that both of them went or were fent for into England But it will not be unpleasant to the Reader to have the Particulars of this famous Controversie in the Words of Holingshead The Lord Justice hearing many Complaints of the Oppressions the Country daily received Holingshead 35 which he thought reflected on him and insinuated his male Administration therefore to disburthen and excuse himself he began in misty Speeches to lay the Fault on the Lord John Fitz-Giralds Shoulders saying in parable wise That he was a great occasion of these Disorders in that he bare himself in Private Quarrels as fierce as a Lyon but in these Publick Injuries as meek as a Lamb. The Baron of Ophaly spelling and putting these Syllables together spake after this Manner My Lord I Am heartily sorry that among all this Noble Asembly you make me your only Butt whereat you shoot your Bolt and truly were my Deserts so hainous as I suppose you would wish them to be you would not labour to cloud your Talk with such dark Riddles as at this present you have done but with plain and flat English your Lordship would not stick to impeach me of Felony or Treason for as mine Ancestors with
their Solicitations and Attempts with an unshaken Steadiness It was pity so true a Nobleman should not fall into better Times and among a better People he might then have been as Eminent for doing of Good as now he appears Valuable in the resisting of Evil. And thus we are come to the End of a War which as it was rashly and cruelly begun so was it by the Confederates with such Cowardise and Folly carried on that excepting One Defeat given to the Scots they never had Advantage in any One Pitch'd Battel over the British And what could be more Tragical and Infamous to them at last than that they should from the Hands of those they always villified be compell'd to beg and glad to accept the worst of all Terms namely Transplantation to such as staid and of Banishment and Transportation to the rest But how surprising are the Revolutions of this World that from these Ashes and thus scatter'd to the Four Winds there should be a Foundation laid for that Fortune which the wandring Irish found by meeting in Foreign Parts the succeeding King and the Duke of York and by their Indulgence to be able not only to set up again but as at this day to expel their Conquerors and even to menace the Tranquillity of England The Links of this Mysterious Chain are so wonderful that I can hardly forbear a short Prospect of them in the Particulars following As first to observe How the Monarch of Three Kingdoms King Charles the First sat peaceably here at Home when Scotland began to Invade him How a great Number in England siding with the Scots put His Majesty into some Straits How the Irish taking advantage hereof fell to the murthering of His Protestant Subjects in that Kingdom How his Majesty sent presently His Authority and Commissions to suppress those Rebels while He at home was by others opprest and at last overthrown and His Children driven into Banishment How in consequence hereof the same Usurpers pass into Ireland and there compleating what His said Majesty's Commission could not they there subdue and drive the Irish into the like Banishment Here then the Crysis began That both Prince and Rebel-Subjects being forced to depend on Strangers and both driven by the same Hand into a State of Common Misery it was natural enough to forget how Things before had stood between them and only to look forward either how to be reveng'd or how to subsist King Charles the Second being at the Usurper's Instance expelled also from France he makes Conditions with Spain and calls to Him from other Services all His scattered Subjects and in this it must be allow'd the Irish made a Considerable Part. But if it be true that with these New Friends He then secretly grew reconciled unto their Religion also 't is no wonder if they got farther into Favour than what before they had deserv'd 'T is also easie to believe That as His Majesty's Restauration drew nigh the Irish obtain'd from Him all the good Words imaginable so that when He came into England He lay under this Contradiction of having promis'd to the Protestants of Ireland whose Commissioners met Him at Breda the Security of all they had gotten as to the Irish before the Re-possession of all they had lost The English spared not on their part to fortifie the Promise they had by a Charge of general Guilt on the Irish And the Irish were as lowd in the Justification of their Innocence So that to reconcile this Perplexity there was Advantage taken from what Both averr'd in persuading the English to restore what might belong to an Innocent and the Irish to forego their Hopes if upon Trial they should appear to be Guilty However to make this go easier down on either side there was a Notion set up and strangely imbib'd of a prodigious Stock of undisposed Acres which were sufficient to satisfie not only the Disappointments of some but even the Expectations of all Upon this an Act is fram'd by the English and tho' by the Tenor and Contexture of it nothing was more improbable than the Qualifications of Innocence yet by Favour in a Majority of Commissioners sent and instructed how to execute that Law the Irish prov'd fortunate beyond all expectation The Duke of York was always more open and avowed in his Patronage of them from the beginning and frequent Essays were made by his Power with the King to advance and distinguish them by Marks of Favour But the King was so cautious of His own Safety and He Reigned so long that the English had time to flourish For there was an Army kept up of Seven thousand Protestants and all the Commands and Offices both Civil and Military were in the Hands of the English However as His Royal Highness drew nigher to the Throne and as his Influence with the King increas'd so began this Flourishing State of the Protestants to be undermin'd And no sooner had he gotten the Scepter but he began openly to execute what surely was before intended and the whole Frame and Contexture of the English Government was subverted and dissolv'd However we live to see as at this day how dearly King James hath paid for that Experiment and for the Hopes He had and the Attempts he made of an equal Success in England And this also is worthy of some Remark That those very Protestants in the Army of Ireland who were driven out by His Command and took Refuge in Holland should so soon return under the Prince of Orange out now Happy King and assist in driving Him not only out of England but to take Refuge in Ireland Where these Windings and Revolutions will end God Almighty only knows but since we have so hopeful a Prospect that they may determine to the Honor of His Majesty to the Advantage of the English Nation the Restauration of the Irish Protestants and the Re-establishment of True Religion in that Kingdom I see no Reason to doubt but that I may be able to give you a joyful Account of all these Things in my Third Part. AN APPARATUS OR Introductory Discourse TOUCHING The Controverted Points in this HISTORY BECAUSE contrary Interests have perplexed this Affair and prevailed with a Party sometimes to stifle and sometimes to disguise the Truth and because the Papists have represented several Parts of this History not only in another manner and in a more soft and palliating Stile than I have done but have reported sundry considerable Matters of Fact quite contrary to what I have related it will be necessary to make a particular Examination of their most material Allegations and a strict scrutiny into my Assertions and the Proofs of them or Reasons for them and because I would not interrupt the Series of the History with these inquiries I thought it convenient to insert them here by way of Introduction But before I descend to particulars it is necessary to settle this great Preliminary that will run through the whole and
Twenty six before they came to Ireland and Fifty one in Ireland whereof Twenty four were Monarchs and Thirty three in Scotland and so succeeded by Hereditary Right from his Illustrious Irish Ancestors Now I say that they have gotten such a Rightful Hereditary King Analecta Hiberniae the Reader must not expect to hear of any more Irish Rebellions but on the contrary that their peaceable and Loyal Deportment will distinguish between Rightful and Usurping Princes Consanguinei Regis analecta Hib. 208. and that now theâ—â— own Kindred is restored to them we may expect to find that they will take pleasure and delight and a conscionable Pride as they phrase it to be Ruled and Commanded by their own Relations Ib. 276. Germen Hibernorum spes seminis jubar sanguinis and that their great Endeavours for the Kings of England of that Line to whom they are tyed by the Bond of * Cui obligati sumus vinculo sanguinis Consanguinity will be the Work of a Simpathy of Blood if there be any Truth in the Reports or Flatteries of the late Irish Historians or in the Speech of the present Recorder of Kilkâ—nny But alas these thin Pretences which in Ireland are thought Stratagems are easily seen through in England where it is believed that there is something more Criminal in Heresie then can be expiated by Extraction and therefore they expect that the Royal Family of the Stuarts whilst it continues Protestant must have their share of opposition and disturbance even from their own Irish Country-men and with as malicious Circumstances as any other Protestant Princes have had and how far they were in the right of it is Summarily related in my Epistle to the Reader but shall here be more at large explained JAMES VI. King of Scotland 1602. Succeeded the Deceased Queen Elizabeth on the Throne of England by unquestionable Right Ir. Stat. 2. Jac. 1. cap. 1. I say unquestionable notwithstanding the Book published against his Title and Right of Succession by Parsons the Jesuit under the name of Doleâ—an for the material Allegations of that Author are notoriously false and which is worse himself knew that they were so as Peter Walsh hath assured us Letter to the Bishop of Lincoln p. 212. and it is manifest to all the World that the King was the only Son of Mary Queen of Scots Daughter of King James the Fifth Son of James the Fourth by Margaret his Wife who was the eldest Daughter of Henry the Seventh by Elizabeth Heiress of the House of York and so was Heir to both the Families of York and Lancaster And was therefore Proclaimed King without any opposition Secretary Cecill himself reading his Title as also Queen Elizabeth's Will at Whitehall Gate on the 24th day of March 1602. And as to Ireland CHARLES Lord MOUNTJOY continued Lord Deputy 1603. and was afterwards made Lord Lieutenant of that Kingdom and having received Letters from the Council of England with a Proclamation of the new King he first Signed the Proclamation and all the Council did the like in Order and then with great Solemnity they published and proclaimed the same in Dublin on the Fifth of April and about the same time he received kind and gracious Letters from the King then in Scotland by one Mr. Leigh whom therefore the Lord Deputy Knighted The Earl of Tyrone who was brought to Dublin in Company with the Lord Deputy on the 4th day of April could not refrain from Tears on the News of Queen Elizabeths Death nor can we blame him for it for besides the unsecurity of the Pardon or Protection he relyed on being derived from a Princess that was Dead and an Authority that was determined before it was executed He had also lost the best opportunity in the World either of continuing the War with advantage or of making a profitable and meritorious Submission to the new King nor did he want Pretences and Circumstances that would have made his free Submission highly valuable and exceeding honourable however since he had missed the Season of doing better he thought it prudent to do the best for himself that his Circumstances would permit and to secure the Protection and Estate that were promised him and accordingly the 6th day of April the Lord Deputy did not only renew his Protection in King James his Name but soon after gave him Liberty to return to Ulster to settle his Concerns but first the Earl put in his Hostages and also renewed his Submission in a set Form of Words wherein he abjured all foreign Power and Jurisdiction in general Morison 279. and the King of Spain's in particular and renounced the Vraights of Ulster and the name of O Neal and all his Lands except such as should be granted to him by the King and he promised future Obedience and to discover his Correspondence with the Spaniard And at the same time he wrote to Spain for his Son Henry but without effect for he was afterwards found strangled at Brussels no Body knows how and on the 15 th day of April O Rourk in like manner by his Letters humbly offer'd to submit to his Majesties mercy which Offer was accepted These Great men having thus submitted and the Kingdom but especially Ulster being so wasted and destroyed that the Famine encreased to the degree of eating one another as I have already mentioned in my former Part. And the number of the Irish being exceedingly lessened by their many tedious and obstinate Rebellions and those that remain'd except Cities and Towns being so poor that the very estated Men had not wherewithal to stock or cultivate their Land nor had any improvements left upon their Estates Bello peste inedia fatigati Analecta Hib. 207. except perhaps a dismal Castle and a few pittiful Cabins One might expect that this miserable Condition which required a long interval of Rest and Peace to amend it would oblige these People to live peaceably and Loyally under this new King of their own Lineage And perhaps it might have done so if the Universities of Salamanca and Validolid had not about this time sent over their Determination of that knotty Point that Vexata Questio Whether an Irish Papist may obey or assist his Protestant King Which they resolved in the Negative by two Assertions Sullevan's Cath. History 203. 1. That since the Earl of Tyrone undertook the War for Religion and by the Pope's Approbation it was as meritorious to aid him against the Hereticks as to fight against the Turks And 2. That it was mortal Sin any ways to assist the English against him and that those that did so can neither have Absolution nor Salvation without deserting the Hereticks and repenting for so great a Crime But this New Declaration of two such famous Universities and the Impatience of their busie Priests set them a madding again so that they wanted nothing but Power to make a more general and formidable
of March 1625 having in his Life-time created the Irish Nobility hereafter mentioned viz. February 23d 1603. Rory O Donell Earl of Tyrconnel February 23d 1615. Sir Arthur Chichester Baron of Belfast since Earl of Donegal July 14th 1616. Brabazon Baron of Ardee since Earl of Meath September 29th 1616. Sir Richard Boyle Baron of Yough-hall afterwards Earl of Corke May 25th 1617. Ridgeway Baron of Galenridgeway since Earl of London-Derry July 20th 1617. Moor Baron of Melefont since Earl of Drogheda Septemâ—er 6th 1617. Touchet Earl of Castlehaven and Baron Orior February 17th 1617. Lambert Baron of Cavan since Earl of Cavan Ibid. Bourk Baron of Brittas May 8th 1618. Hamilton Baron of Strabane January 31st 1618. Blunt Baron Mountjoy Ex. June 29th 1619. Mac Donald Viscount Dunlucâ— since Earl and Marquess of Antrim February 19th 1619. Sir Richard Wingfeild Viscount Powerscourt July 1620. Preston Earl of Desmond Viscount Dunmore Ex. May 1621. Dockwray Baron of Culmore Ex. Ibid. Blany Baron of Monaghan March 1st 1621. Henry Power Viscount Valentia Ex. Theo. Butler Viscount Tullagh THE REIGN OF CHARLES I. KING OF England Scotland France AND IRELAND CHARLES the only surviving Son of the Deceased King James 1625. by undoubted Right succeeded his Father in all his Dominions on the 27th day of March 1625 and was accordingly Proclaimed the same day and on the 23d day of June following he was Crowned at the Abby of Westminster with great Solemnity and as to Ireland HENRY Viscount FALKLAND was continued Lord Deputy and other inferior Officers likewise were confirmed in their respective Places but the Affairs of England being not a little out of Order the Irish took advantage thereof to be very high and insolent at home to which they were much encouraged by the Bull of Urban the 8th of the 30th of May 1626. to the English Catholicks exhorting them rather to loose their Lives then to take Noxium illud illicitum Anglicanae fidelitatis Juramentum 1626. quo non Solum id agitur ut fides Regi servetur P. W. Remonstrance 11. sed ut sacrum Universae Ecclesiae sceptrum eripatur Vicariis Dei Omnipotentis that pernicious and uâ—lawful Oath of Allegiance of England which his Predecessor of happy Memory Paul 5th had condemned as such Hereupon it was found necessary to increase the Army to the number of Five thousand Foot and Five hundred Horse the Charge whereof amounted unto 64240 l. 1 s. 2 d. which was more then the Kings Revenue out of which the Civil List was nevertheless to be paid so that it was necessary to find out some other Bund for the support of the Army and until that could be done the Lord Deputy and Council on the 14th of September by their Letters did recommend several Troops and Companies of the Army to the Counties and Towns of the Kingdom to be maintained for three Months and so from three Months to three Months until the last day of March 1628 and this whole Charge or Incumbrance on the Countrey was estimated at 36951 l. 6 s. 7 d. ½ and in the King's Letter of the 22d of September 1626. to raise this Army and that the Countrey should maintain it with Money Cloaths and Victuals his Majesty promises in lieu thereof to Grant certain Graces to the Countrey and particularly to suspend the Composition But the Gentlemen that were Agents from Ireland did to ease the Kingdom from that oppression offer to pay 40000 l. a Year for three Years in the nature of three Subsidies and to pay it quarterly from the first of April 1628. which was accepted of and the same was Paid accordingly until the first day of October 1629. On the 16th of May 1626. 1626. The King reciting a Complaint of Sir Samuel Smith's against the Lord Chancellor and that there was difference between the Lord Deputy and Chancellor 1. Because the Chancellor refused to Seal some Patents offered to him 2. Because he denied to appoint Judges for Circuits when thereunto required by the Deputy 3. Because he refused to appoint Justices of Peace at the Lord Deputies Nomination and made one Justice of the Peace against his Express prohibition to which the Lord Chancellor made Answer That in the first Case there was matter of Equity Convenience of State and Question in Law unresolved and that in the sesond Case he had directions in the time of King James and that in the third Case it was the Priviledge and Jurisdiction of his place Therefore the King orders That the Chancellor bear fitting respect to the Lord Deputy who is his Majesties Representative and as to the Matters in Debate if the Chancellor refuse to Seal any Patent in question for Reasons of State that the Cause be debated in Council and if then they think it fit and the Chancellor still refuses till he has appeal'd to his Majesty as he may it shall be at his Peril if the State suffer by his delay if the Question be in Law that the Judges decide it and if the Chancellor be not satisfied therewith he ought to appeal to the King for farther Directions and particularly about the Patent for Tanning Leather As to the Second if the Chancellor will not appoint Judges as the Lord Deputy desires that then it be refer'd to the Council-board and their Sentence be definitive as to that And as to the Third the Chancellor will not refuse to make any Man a Justice of the Peace recommended by the Lord Deputy if he does that then the Order of the Council-Table shall govern that Matter and in all these Cases it becomes the Chancellor to repair to the Deputy and acquaint him with his Reasons whenever he refuses And as for Sir Samuel Smith's Complaint his Case was that he had the sole Nomination of those that should be Licensed to Sell Aquavitae and did set that Priviledge to one Miagh for the County of Cork the King appoints the Chief Justice Chief Baron and Sir John King to Arbitrate that Matter and to make Reparation to Miagh whose Patent must be called in because he is an infamous Person and unfit for that Trust and a new Patent for that County must be Granted to whom Sir Samuel Smith shall name In the same Month of May the King sent an Order to the Lord Deputy to make a Lord High Steward c. for the Tryal of the Lord of Dunboyn by his Peers upon an Indictment found against him in the County of Typerary for killing a Man and in January after the Earl of Marleburgh Duke of Buckingham and the Lords of Pembrook Dorset Grandison Conway and Carlton and Sir Richard Weston were made Commissioners or rather a Committee for Irish Affairs And on the Eighth of February Edward Brabazon Baron of Ardee was ordered to be Earl of Catherlogh but for what Reasons I know not he had not that Title but was afterwards made Earl of Meath And on the Second of March his Majesty sent an Order
would send it we being fleshed in Blood one against the other But whilst the Treaty between Ormond and the Irish was in agitation a Letter of his to the Supreme Council was intercepted and brought to the Parliament and by them shewed to the King who was then in the Isle of Wight whereupon they obliged His Majesty to write to the Lord Lieutenant not to proceed any farther in the Treaty with the Irish but that Letter was interpreted to come from one in Duress and being contrary to express Orders given his Excellency Not to obey any Commands inconsistent with those then received unless they were manifestly for His Majesty's Advantage until His Majesty were at liberty to declare his Sentiments freely That Letter was not much regarded and so after twenty days spent in the Treaty at Carrick the Lord Lieutenant about the middle of November removed to his Castle at Kilkenny upon the Invitation of the Commissioners and to be nearer the General Assembly which was then Sitting in that City he was received with such profound Respect as is usually paid to the Sovereign Authority and had his own Guards with him However it was the middle of January before the Matters relating to the Peace could be adjusted and then they passed unanimously even by the Votes of the Popish Bishops and were on the 17th of January mutually Ratified and afterwards Proclaimed with great Joy and followed by the * * Appendix 44 Declarations of the Popish Clergy expressing their great Satisfaction at this Peace which consisted of the Articles mentioned Appendix 43 which King Charles the second in the Preamble of the Act of Settlement had good reason to call Difficult Conditions Upon this Peace Ormond proposed to get together so good an Army as might by Force or Treaty prevent the Impending Fate of his Royal Master for the undertaken Quota's were as followeth  Foot Horse Munster Irish 4000 800 Leinster 4000 800 Insiquin 3000 600 Conaught 4000 800 Owen Roe if he would come in had 5000 500  20000 3500 But he depended upon a broken Reed for besides that the Irish had delayed the conclusion of the Peace too long to render it serviceable to the King and had exacted such Conditions as would rather hasten than prevent His Majesty's Ruine the Lord Lieutenant was exceedingly disappointed in his Calculation for Owen Roe did not at all come in till it was too late and most of the rest were deficient in their promised Proportions of Men or Money so that he was forced to borrow 800 l. upon his own Credit to enable the Army to march But it must not be forgotten that the Confederates still lay upon the lurch and in order to keep up their Dominion and Power notwithstanding the Peace they did on the 12th of January 1648 make the following Order By the General Assembly WHEREAS the Declaration of the General Assembly of the Confederate Catholicks Ante pag. 152. 〈◊〉 bearing date the 28th day of August 1645 and the Explanation of the 〈◊〉 General Assembly thereupon dated the First of September 1645 did relate to a Settlement of a Peace to be grounded on any Authority from his Majesty as by the said Declaration and Explanation thereupon more at large may appear It is this day ordered and declared by this Assembly ☜ That the said Declaration and Explanation shall CONTINUE and REMAIN in full force and be renewed as of this time and have relation to all Articles for a Settlement agreed on as well by Authority from His Majesty as from his Highness the Prince of Wales or both as if the said Declaration and Explanation had been NOW MADE to all Intents Constructions and Purposes But the Peace being concluded the Irish became very troublesom by their Importunities for Offices and Places of Trust and Honour Sir Richard Blake the very next week after the Peace wrote to Secretary Lane to mind the Lord Lieutenant to make him a Baron and others were as careful of their own Advancement but above all others the Insolence of a Son of Hugh O Connour is remarkable for he on the 9th of March wrote to the Lord Lieutenant to give him a Troop and his Brother a Foot Company or else they would shift for themselves To whom the Lord Lieutenant made answer That whatever he did with great Rebels he would not capitulate with small ones And now how gladly would I draw a Curtain over that Dismal and Unhappy Thirtieth of January wherein the Royal Father of our Country suffered Martyrdom Oh! that I could say They were Irish Men that did that Abominable Fact or that I could justly lay it at the Door of the Papists But how much soever they might obliquely or designedly Contribute to it 't is certain it was actually done by others who ought to say with the Poet Pudet haec opprobria nobis Et dici potuisse non potuisse refelli THE REIGN OF Charles the Second KING OF England Scotland France and Ireland CHARLES Prince of WALES 1648. eldest Son of the deceased King succeeded his Father in the Right of All and in the Possession of some of his Dominions and was by the Lord-Lieutenant first at Youghall where he then hapned to be in his return from visiting Prince Rupert and afterwards at Carrick proclaimed King by the Name of Charles the Second And altho' the new King did soon after by his Letters confirm the Marquess of Ormond in the Government of Ireland and acquainted him That the Kirk of Scotland had caused his Majesty to be proclaimed King on the 16th of February yet he also sent him the bad News of that Kirk's Declaration of the 13th of February against the Peace his Excellency had made with the Irish But the Lord-Lieutenant was encouraged to struggle with that Misfortune by two Accidents that happened in his favour viz. the Arrival of Prince Rupert and the Departure of the Nuncio The Prince being by the mistake of his Pilot put into Crook-Haven did not come into Kinsale till the 10th of February tho' his Brother Prince Maurice arrived above a Fortnight before he brought with him sixteen Frigats and his design was to make way for the Prince of Wales and he thought it a happy Omen that the first News he met with was that of the Peace Wherefore upon Conference with the Lord-Lieutenant at Corke it was resolved to send Capt. Ulbert to the Prince to hasten him for Ireland which was accordingly done and then the News of the King's Martyrdom arrving Prince Rupert proclaimed the new King at Kinsale with all the Solemnity that place was capable of and put himself and all his Officers in Mourning and even the Ensigns Jacks and Streamers of all the Fleet were altered to a colour suitable to the black and dismal Occasion Whilest Prince Rupert staid at Kinsale his Frigats cruis'd abroad and brought in several considerable Prizes and particularly three Corn-Ships which were of great consequence because of
prevent a Famine had turn'd out of the City and on the 20th the Lord-Lieutenant being informed that Jones had for want of Forrage sent part of his Horse to Tredagh his Excellency ordered Insiquin to pursue them which he performed with great success and having surpriz'd one whole Troop and routed Collonel Chidly Coot and 300 Horse whereof many were killed he follow'd the blow to Tredagh and being re-inforced with two Regiments of Foot and two Pieces of Artillery he besieged that Town whilst it was under consternation at the late Defeat Nevertheless the Garrison consisting of 600 Men defended the place with exceeding bravery until their Powder was spent and then they did a 30 June Surrender on Honourable Conditions and Collonel Coot with 150 Horse and 400 Foot marched to Dublin But whilst Insiquin staid at Tredagh he had notice that Lieutenant-General Farrell with 500 Foot and 300 Horse was gone to Convey a considerable quantity of Arms and Ammunition which Collonel Monke had upon Articles given to Owen Roe whereupon Insiquin sent a detached Party which met with and routed this Convoy and killed 500 of the Men and took all the Arms and Ammunition and what other Booty they had with them And it was from some of the Prisoners then taken that Insiquin was informed of the weak condition of Dundalk wherefore being resolved to prosecute his good Fortune he marched to besiege it and being assisted by the Lord of Ardes he forced Monk in two days time to Surrender the place whereunto he was necessitated by the Mutiny of the Garrison which else would have given him up Hereupon Monk went to England and was imprisoned for a short time as shall be hereafter related and Insiquin took possession of Dundalk and a considerable Magazine that was in it After this prodigious Success the lesser Garrisons became an easy Prey Newry Narrow-water Greencastle and Carlingford submitted to the Conqueror of course and Trim itself did not hold out above two days and so Insiquin having no more to do return'd trimphantly to the Royal Camp at Finglass with more Men than he first carried out And there we must leave him till I give a brief Account of the second Army viz. that of the Presbyterian British and Scots which was so powerful under the Command of the Lord of Ardes that it seized upon Belfast and Carifergus and most part of Ulster and some places in Conaught But they had entertain'd such inconsistent Principles that it was impossible for any other Party to joyn with them and yet they were too weak to stand alone so that their Ruine was inevitable nevertheless it was hastned by their Divisions for when their General the Lord of Ardes perceived that by the Manifesto they published they declared an Abhorrence of the Murder of the late King which rendered their Conjunction with the Parliamentarians impossible and that they published no less Aversion against the Irish so that they rejected any Correspondence either with Owen Roe or the Supreme Council and as well for that reason as because they would not own the new King there was no hopes of their Union with the Cavaleers he saw the necessity of his doing something without them that might strengthen their Party by a powerful Alliance and Conjunction and being offered by the Lord-Lieutenant a Commission to be Chief Governour of Ulster he was easily prevailed upon to submit to the King's Authority which he did in the latter end of April and being joyn'd with the Lagan Forces which were weakned by the Surprize of Sir Robert Steward and Collonel Mervin at a Christning by Sir Charles Coot who sent them Prisoners to England he went to besiege London-Derry where we will likewise leave him and give an Account of the third Army viz. that of the Supreme Council's This Army was mix'd I cannot say incorporated with the King 's by the late Peace and so continued until after the Defeat at Rathnines but having a distinct Interest from the Protestant part of the King's Army and a National and Religious Aversion unto them they never did any service together where ever the Irish were the Majority and in the end most of the Irish being seduced by the Clergy did desert the King's Service some privately and others more openly their Towns became ungovernable and their Clergy grew Mutinous and rejected the King's Authority in the Lord-Lieutenant so that at length their pretended Loyalty became the Scorn and Contempt of their most inveterate Enemies as shall be related in its proper place And as for the fourth Army which was under the Command of Own Roe it consisted of natural Irish and fierce Nuntiotists and this General was so enraged at the Supreme Council both because they did not comply with the Nuntio and because they did not in their Articles of Peace provide for the Restitution of the Escheated Lands in Ulster that he chose rather to correspond with the Parliament then with them And therefore he did on the 8th day of May enter into Articles with Collonel Monk not only for a Cessation for three Months but for mutual Assistance within that time and that Monk should furnish Owen Roe with Ammunition if he wanted and should suffer Ships with Arms Money c. that should be sent to Owen Roe to Harbour in any of the Parliament's Ports And it was in vertue of this League that Lieutenant-General Farrell had the Ammunition from Dundalk which Insiquin took from him as hath been already related And this Irish General did at the same time make some extravagant Proposals which being granted he and his Army would embrace the Service and Interests of the Parliament of England But tho' they were never consented to yet during this League of three Months he did faithfully observe his Agreement to the great prejudice of the King's Army and to the great advantage of the Parliament's Forces which else would have been in an ill condition Moreover he did on the 22th day of May make a League with Collonel Richard Coot in the behalf of Sir Charles Coot and pursuant thereunto and in consideration of 2000 l. in Money and 2000 Cows and some Ammunition he did oblige the Lord of Ards and the Lagan Forces to raise the Siege of London-Derry on the 8th day of August Nevertheless when the Parliament of England were acquainted with these Transactions they Disavowed what the one and the other of these Commanders had done with Owen Roe And tho' Sir Charles Coot being absent escaped with a severe Check only yet Monk who was then in England was Imprison'd and Displac'd and tho' when he was brought to the House he gave good reasons for what he had done and demonstrated the Advantages that the Parliament had acquired by it yet the House would by no means approve it but on the contrary made the following Votes Resolved c. That this House doth utterly Disapprove of the Proceedings of Collonel Monk in the Treaty and Cessation made
Conditions and that he would procure an Assembly in Leinster to prepare Matters for a Treaty with the Enemy That in the presence of Lieutenant-Collonel Cusack O Shagness ' s Son Florence Mac Carthy Phillip Roch and John Roch at several times he spoke to the same effect and added That he would rather joyn with the Turk against the King than Serve him who would sign to such a Declaration and do so unworthy a thing against the Irish And being told That perhaps the King was forced to it he replied That is all one for they who forced him to that would force him to do more disadvantagious Things to this Nation and therefore the Nation play'd the Fool if they did not timely provide for themselves and being demanded How could they better themselves he answer'd That if he cou'd get no other he wou'd call in the Turk And upon farther Discourse about the Excommunication Mr. Mac Carthy and Mr. Roch said That Lay-men should not judge of Ecclesiastical Censures and Talbot replying That every Christian might safely obey the Word of God in submitting to the King and also uttering some words against the Bishop's Excommunication and those that should obey it they told him in Spanish That they never heard any Man speak so much aginst the Good of this Nation and Religion as he did That Sir James Preston corresponds with the Bishops at Galway and wrote to them That the King has taken the Covenant and declared against the Peace and sends them Copies of the Orders and Letters he receives from the Lord-Lieutenant That he bragg'd That he had Credit with Ireton and should have liberty to transport three or four thousand Men and often said That no Men in the Kingdom were more for an Agreement with the Parliament than his Father and himself c. So far that Letter And Thomas Dungan did also certifie That he heard very Seditious Discourse from the said Sir James Preston and particularly That he blamed his Excellency for sending his Father Orders to surrender Waterford whereas I my self have seen General Preston's Original Letter to the Marquess of Ormond setting forth the impossibility of defending that place and importuning Orders to deliver it up and when I have added that on 7 September 1650. Col. Grace was imprison'd for Correspondence with Ireton And that it was a common saying among the Nuntionists That if they must submit to a b Quando alter utro e duobus Hereticis succumbere necesse est uter prevaleat utri parendum susque deque perendum esse Beling 336. Heretick viz. Ormond or Cromwell it was no matter to which And that they did Anno 1651 offer to submit to the Parliament but were refus'd by Ireton and oppos'd by Clanrickard I have offered all that I think fit to say upon this Subject at this time except an Account of the Marquess of Antrim which take as follows The Marquess of Antrim by his Priest Kelly had been intrigueing with Cromwell since his first Landing but from the taking of Ross the Correspondence between them became the more intimate and effectual So that on the Ninth of May his officious Desires to serve that Party prevail'd with him to importune a Conference with Commissary General Reynolds and the Bishop of Clogher and afterwards with that Bishop and Col. Owen the substance of which Conference copied from an Original Certificate under the Hands of the Commissioners is recited Appendix 49 and the design of it plainly is to asperse the Memory of King Charles the First and consequently to justifie and encourage his Enemies and that it was so understood by Ireton will be manifest from the Favours and Kindness he thereupon shewed to that Lord. For not long after this Conference Antrim had a Pass for his going into England and an Order from Ireton to go among his Tenants and levy what Money he could for his Journey by Vertue whereof he raised 1000 l. and so came to Chester Wednesday 3. December 1650. and sent two Servants before to London to notifie his coming and to send a Coach for him to Barnard on Munday following he carried with him a Letter from Ireton to the Council of State importing That He the Marquess of Antrim had done the Parliament Army singular Service since the first day they came before Ross and so recommended him to their Favour to compound for his Estate and the rather for that it did not appear that he had a hand in the beginning of the Rebellion and adds that he had Nine Months time given him to make his composition for two Months of which he was to be protected from all Suits On Munday Decemb. 9. he came to Barnard and not meeting the Coach he posted to London and came through by-ways to the Earl of Newport's where he met with Advertisement from the Servants that he sent before him That he was like to find but cold Entertainment from the Parliament and that therefore he should immediately return to Barnard till further Notice And he did endeavour it but being benighted he took up his Lodging at High-gate but before Morning the House was beset with the Constable and his Assistants and Antrim was secured whereof the Parliament being inform'd they gave Thanks to the Constable for his Diligence and ordered Antrim to return to Ireland within two days which he accordingly did and took shipping at Nesson December 30. without being admitted to the presence of the Parliament and undoubtedly they would have committed him to the Tower and have us'd him worse if it were not for the regard they had to Ireton's Honour But it is time to return to the Parliament Forces which despis'd all opposition and met with incredible Success Tecroghan Haristown Naas Ballymore Ballymallock Rabridge Tullo Athy Maryburgh and Castle-Dermond were without much trouble surrendered to Reynolds and Hewson as was also Carlow to Sir Hardress Waller on the 19th of August Waterford and Duncannon were likewise blocked up since the beginning of June so that General Preston Governour of Waterford who was on the Second of July created Viscount Taragh did on the same day send a Letter to the Lord-Lieutenant most earnestly importuning him for greater Supplies then his Excellency could send or for leave to surrender the City since his Wants were so great within it that it was impossible to keep it however Ireton did not Summon the City until the 25th of July and then the Popish Clergy who had been such great Incendiaries and such violent and obstinate Promoters of the War when they found themselves in danger were the most forward of all others to Capitulate and accordingly after a Treaty drawn out in length General Preston did surrender Waterford on the 10th day of August which was soon followed by the Rendition of Duncannon on the 14th Nor had Sir Charles Coot and Colonel Venables less success in Ulster for they took the strong Fort of Charlemont on the day of and as for the Castles
Bryan mac William Farral John mac Edmond Farral John Farral Roger mac Bryne Farral Barnaby Farral James mac Teig Faral his Mark. Morgan mac Carbry Farral Donough mac Carbry Farral Richard mac Conel Farral William mac James Farral James Farral Taghna mac Rory Farral Cormack mac Rory Farral Conock mac Bryne Farral Readagh mac Lisagh Farral Connor oge mac Connor Farral Edmond mac Connor Farral Cahel mac Bryne Farral Appendix IV. A Letter from the Lords Justices and Council to King Charles the First to prevent a Peace with the Irish May it please your Most Excellent Majesty WE your Majesties Justices on the 30 th of January last Receiv'd your Majesties Letter of the 11 th of the same We being then in Council at this Board which Letters we then immediately communicated to the Council as we always do in all matters of Importance concerning your Majesties Affairs here By those Letters your Majesty declared that you had sent a Commission to our very good Lord the Lord Marquess of Ormond and others Authorizing them to receive in Writing what the Petitioners Catholicks of Ireland mentioned in those Letters would say or propound and to return the same to your Majesty And by the same Letters your Majesty Commanded us your Justices to give those Commissioners our best assistance and furtherance as there shall be occasion wherein as in all things else we have always done and shall ever do we shall most readily obey your Majesties Royal Commands with all humble Duty and Submission having nothing more in our Care and Endeavours in these perplexed times than to advance your Service and to preserve your Soveraign Rights and Interests here where so dangerous Attempts have of late been made against them by so Aniversal a Conspiracy of the Papists of this Kingdom We do with much Joy of heart Comfort our selves to see your Majesties gracious inclination to hear your Subjects whatsoever they be in themselves and as therein we behold your goodness so we to whose Care and Circumspection your Majesty hath committed the great Trust of this your Kingdom cannot but esteem it a great breach of Duty and Faith in us to be silent in such things as may give light in this important business and which cannot come to your Majesties knowledge but by your Ministers These Petitioners do affirm That they had recourse to Arms for Preservation of your Royal Rights and Prerogatives which if it were true we should be subject to the full Tax of Treachery if we should not with all Zeal and hearty Affection have joined with them And if that had been the true ground of their entring into quarrel with us it should cost little Mony or Blood to the Kingdom of England to reconcile us They well know that before this Rebellion in the Parliament held here and formerly we opposed them several times where we found them vehemently labour to abridge those Prerogatives and antient Rights of the Crown here and to derogate from your Royal Authority in many Parts thereof as by particulars will appear But we must upon full observation of their Courses and Actions since the First breaking out of this unnatural Rebellion unfeignedly affirm That they do but take up this for an excuse of their most odious breach of Faith and Duty to your Most Sacred Majesty their inward intent being as since hath appeared to deprive your Majesty of all those Prerogatives they spake of and even of your Crown and Kingdom resolving also to destroy and extirpate out of this Island as well the true Protestant Religion as also your Majesties most Loyal Brittish Subjects whom they hate chiefly because they Religiously love your Majesty and your Children and in that love were such leaders of them in all their late seeming Acts of Bounty and Duty towards your Majesty as without shameful bewraying their evil hearts they could not shun the same whereat they often shewed much reluctancy as appeared in reducing the subsidies and other things In Vlster where the Rebellion first broke forth it is testified upon Oath by a Gentleman that was a Prisoner amongst the Rebels that he heard one of the Rebels a man of Note amongst them say That if he had your Majesty where he than spake that he would flea you quick but they would have the Kingdom and their will of you Others there said that they had a King of their own in Ireland Others said that they would have an Irish King and regarded not King Charles the King of England Others that they had a new King and had Commission from him for what they did Others that Sir Phelim O Neal should be their King and that they would give a great sum of Mony to have King Charles his Head these Speeches were uttered in several Counties in that Province and by several Parties also those in Vlster devis'd false Prophesies and dispers'd and publish'd them and amongst others things so devis'd by them one Prophesie is said to be that Tyrone or Sir Phelim O Neal should drive your Majesty with your whole Posterity out of England and that You and your Posterity shall be hereafter Profugi in terra aliena in aeternum to which Phelim O Neal Regal Attributes have been given by some of the Rebels and he hath written in a Regal Stile and did Seal Letters with a Seal whereon there was a Regal Crown which we have seen When the Rebellious Lords and Gentry of the Pale and Leinster and after them those of Munster and Conaugh and the Irish in Leinster rose in Rebellion who appeared not in Arms until those in the Pale brake out those in the Pale declared to Assault your Majesties Castle and City of Dublin where reside your Officers of State and where are the Ensigns and Ornaments of your Royal Authority and Soveraignty here and all the Records of your Revenues and Interest which they purposed to Seize and by holding that Place to take away the means for arrival of English here other than by main force to which intent they Assembled in great numbers near this City within two or three Miles round about it having then also strongly Besieg'd your Majesties Port Town of Droghe da as a step to the gaining of this City presuming all this while that no succour should come out of England and all this done not only by the barbarous Rebels of Vlster but also by the degenerate ungrateful Lords and Gentry of the Pale and when by Gods blessing and your Majesties tender care of the remanant of your poor People left yet undestroyed in sending Forces hither we were enabled by your Majesties Forces to beat off those Multitudes and to raise the Siege of Drogheda then as well the Old English as the Irish all Papists and now Rebels which drew themselves farther off and finding that they had not so ready a way to rent the Kingdom out of your Majesties hands as they at first supposed they then found it necessary to fall
was taken at such a day and hour with all the circumstances at large and Letters to that purpose dated from Drogheda by the Rebels that that besieged it That Dublin was taken and being infinitely Ambitious of gaining the Earl of Ormond to their Part for the greater countenance to their Cause giving out that he was their own which was so long believed by the said followers until that Noble Earl giving daily those Honorable Testimonies to the contrary and they finding it to their cost tho' with the hazard of his own Person further than his place might well allow they are now otherwise satisfied and place him in the rank of their mortal Enemies together with that terror to them Sir Charles Coot and others And thus have I laid down all that I have heard to me related omitting what I find others more largely to insist upon All which their Treacherous vain and Airy projects God disappoint As for my own private sufferings by the present Rebellion I refer them to another Schedule this being so far taken up Hen. Jones Deposed before us March 3d. 1641. Roger Puttock John Stern John Watson William Aldrich William Hitchcock Appendix X. An Abstract of the Examination of Doctor Robert Maxwell afterwards Bishop of Kilmore THAT he observed Sir Phelim O Neal and other Irish overjoy'd at the Scots Invasion of England and as much dejected at the Pacification calling the English base degenerate Cowards and the Scots dishonorable Bragodochios that merchandiz'd their Honor for Mony and being asked the reason of their joy at bad news and their sorrow at good answered That if the Fewd had continued they hoped the Earl of Strafford would have perished in the Combustion That the Irish had frequent meetings Two or Three thousand in a company before the Rebellion and borrowed great Sums of Mony of the English without any apparent necessity but paid little or none that one Mac Case a Priest being disoblig'd by Sir Phelim inform'd the Lord Deputy Wandesford of a Plot but either he was not believ'd or said nothing to the purpose That Phelim O Neal brought home two Hogsheads of Powder under colour of Wine a little before the Rebellion and the Powder was bought by small parcels Ten or Twelve pound at a time in the Names of several Gentlemen and he brag'd that his Servants James Warren and Paul O Neal were in the Plot and apprehended but contrary to his expectation were dismiss'd at Council Table and that some Lord or other spoke for them there That Sir Phelim O Neal said that the Plot was in his Head Five or Six years before he could bring it to maturity and dissembled himself as a Fool to bring it about but since it was concluded on by the Catholick Members of the Parliament he was one of the last it was communicated to That Tirlogh O Neal Sir Phelim's Brother said that the business was communicated by the Irish Committee to the Papists in England who promis'd their Assistance and that by their advice some things formerly resolved on were alter'd and that it was a good Omen and Sign of Divine Approbation that the major part of the Irish Committee were Papists and that whilst the Protestants retir'd to a separate meeting at Chichester-Hall the remaining Papists sign'd a Combinatory writing of this Rebellion in the Tolsel which that Session drew on sooner than was at first intended That Sir Phelim said That if the Lords and Gentlemen of the other Provinces then not in Arms would not rise but leave them in the Lurch for all he would produce their Warrant Signed with their Hands and Written in their own Blood that should bring them to the Gallows and that they Sate every day at Council Board and whispered the Lords Justices in the Ear who were as deep in that business as himself That the Earl of Antrims Sister said Her Brother had taken Dublin Castle being removed thither to that purpose and her Brother Alexander had taken Carigfergus and that all Ireland was in the same Case with Vlster That the British should be preserv'd as long as it was consistent with publick safety and when not ' t is better an Enemy perish than ones self That Alexander Hovenden half Brother to Sir Phelim told him that the Fryers of Drogheda by Father Thomas Brother to the Lord of Slane had the Second time invited Sir Phelim and offered to betray the Town to him and Sir Phelim said of the same Fryer that he said Mass at Finglass on Sunday morning and in the afternoon did beat Sir Charles Coot at Swords and the Fryar being by answered that he hoped to say Mass at Christchurch Dublin within eight Weeks That several of the Irish Officers and Fryers said Why may not we as well fight for Religion which is the Substance as the Scots fight for Ceremonies which are but Shadows and that Straffords Government was intollerable and being answered that it lay no heavier on them than on the British they replied the British were no considerable part of the Kingdom and besides they were certainly inform'd that the Parliament of England had a Plot to bring the Papists to Church or cut them off viz. in England by English and in Ireland by the Scots that they were sure of aid next Spring from the Pope France and Spain and that the Clergy of Spain had already contributed Five thousand Arms and Powder for a whole Year then in readiness That the Priests and Fryers were their best Agents especially Paul O Neal upon whose arrival with advice from Spain the War broke out and since that he had gone to Spain with Letters and return'd back again with instructions in a Month. That being asked why they pretended a Commission from the King and at other times from the Queen they answer'd That it was Lawful for them to pretend what they could in advancement of their Cause and that in all Wars Rumours and Lies served to as good purpose as Arms. That Sir Phelim at first pretended only to Liberty of Conscience but as his Success so his Demands increased viz. To have all Offices of State and Justice in Irish hands and no Army Tithes and Church-Lands be restor'd to the Papists all Plantations since 1 Jacobi Dissanul'd no payment of Debts nor restitution of Goods to the Protestants all Fortiffcations in Popish hands British to be restrain'd from coming over Poynings Act and all Statues against Papists repealed and the Irish Parliament made Independent and even all this would not reduce Sir Phelim without a grant of the Earldom of Tyrone and the Priviledges of O Neal. That Sir Phelim pretended to a Prophesie that he should drive King Charles and his whole Posterity out of England to be profugi in terta aliena in aeternum and that several great Men drank a Health on the Knee to Sir Phelim O Neal Lord General of the Catholick Army in Vlster Earl of Tyrone and King of Ireland That he was informed That
Great Britain France and Ireland c. for the Treating and Concluding of a Peace in the said Kingdom with His Majesties Humble and Loyal Subjects the Confederate and Roman Catholicks of the said Kingdom of Ireland of the one part and the Right Honourable Donnogh Lord Viscount Muskerry and others Commissioners Deputed and Authorized by the said Confederate Roman Catholick Subjects of the other part and thereupon many Difficulties did arise by occasion whereof sundry matters of great weight and consequence necessarily requisite to be condescended unto by His Majesties said Commissioners for the safety of the said Confederate Roman Catholicks were not hitherto agreed upon which retarded and doth as yet retard the Conclusion of a firm Peace and Settlement in the said Kingdom And whereas the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Glamorgan is intrusted and authorized by His most Excellent Majesty to grant and assure to the said Confederate Catholick Subjects further Grace and Favours which the said Lord Lieutenant did not as yet in that Latitude as they expected grant unto them and the said Earl having seriously considered of all matters and due Cirouâ—istances of the great Affairs now in agitation which is the peace and quiet of the said Kingdom and the importance thereof in order to His Majesties Service and in relation to a Peace and Settlement in His other Kingdoms and here upon the place having seen the Ardent desire of the said Catholicks to assist His Majesty against all that do or shall oppress His Royal Right or Monarchick Government and having discerned the Alacrity and Cheerfulness of the said Catholicks to embrace Honourable conditions of Peace which may preserve their Religion and other just Interests In pursuance therefore of His Majesties Authority under His Highness Signature Royal and Signes bearing Date at Oxon the Twelfth Day of March in the twentieth Year of His Reign Granted unto the said Earl of Glamorgan the Tenure whereof is as followeth Viz. Charles Rex Charles by the Grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defender of the Faith c. To our trusty and right welbeloved Cosen Edward Earl of Glamorgan greeting We reposing great and especial Trust and Confidence in your approved wisdom and fidelity Do by these as firmly as under Our Great Seal to all intents and purposes Authorise and give you Power to treat and conclude with the Confederate Roman Catholicks in Our Kingdom of Ireland if upon necessity any thing be to be condescended unto wherein our Lieutenant cannot so well be seen in as not fit for Vs at the present publickly to own Therefore We charge you to proceed according to this our Warrant with all possible secrecy and for whatsoever you shall engage your self upon such valuable considerations as you in your judgment shall deem fit We promise on the word of a King and a Christian to ratifie and perform the same that shall be granted by you and under your Hand and Seal the said Confederate Catholicks having by their Supplies testified their Zeal to Our Service and this shall be in each particular to you a sufficient Warrant Given at Our Court at Oxford under Our Signet and Royal Signature the 12 th day of March in the 20 th year of Our Reign 1644. To our right trusty and right well-beloved Cosen Edward Earl of Glamorgan It is therefore granted accorded and agreed by and between the said Earl of Glamorgan for and on the behalf of His most Excellent Majesty His Heirs and Successors on the one part and the Right Honourable Richard Lord Viscount Mountgarret Lord President of the Supream Council of the said Confederate Catholicks the said Donogh Lord Viscount Muskerry Alexander mac Donnel and Nicholas Plunket Esquires Sir Robert Talbot Baronet Dermot O Brien John Dillon Patrick Darcy and Geffery Brown Esquires Commissioners in that behalf appointed by the said Confederate Roman Catholick Subject of Ireland for and on the behalf of the said Confederate Roman Catholick Subjects of the other part in manner and form following that is to say 1. IT is granted accorded and agreed by the said Earl for and in the behalf of His most Excellent Majesty His Heirs and Successors That all and every the Professors of the Roman Catholick Religion in the Kingdom of Ireland of whatever estate degree or quality soever he or they be or shall be shall for ever more hereafter have and enjoy within the said Kingdom the free and publick use and exercise of the said Roman Catholick Religion and of their respectives function therein 2. It is granted accorded and agreed by the said Earl for and on the behalf of His Majesty His Heirs and Successors That the said Professors of the Roman Catholick Religion shall hold and enjoy all and every the Churches by them enjoyed within this Kingdom or by them possessed at any time since the Twenty Third of October 1641 and all other Churches in the said Kingdom other than such as are now actually enjoyed by His Majesties Protestant Subjects 3. It is granted accorded and agreed by the said Earl for and in the behalf of His most Excellent Majesty His Heirs and Successors That all and every the Roman Catholick Subjects of Ireland of what estate condition degree or quality soever shall be free and exempted from the Jurisdiction of the Protestant Clergy and every of them and that the Roman Catholick Clergy of this Kingdom shall not be punished troubled or molested for the exercise of their Jurisdiction over their respective Catholick Flocks in matters Spiritual and Ecclesiastical 4. It is further granted accorded and agreed by the said Earl for and on the behalf of His most Excellent Majesty His Heirs and Successors that an Act shall be passed in the next Parliament to be holden in this Kingdom the tenour and purport whereof shall be as followeth Viz. An Act for the Relief of His Majesties Catholick Subjects of His Highnesses Kingdom of Ireland Whereas by an Act made in Parliament held in Dublin the Second Year of the Reign of the late Queen Elizabeth Intituled An Act restoring to the Crown the ancient Jurisdiction over the State Ecclesiastical and Spiritual and abolishing all Foreign Power repugnant to the same And by one other Statue made in the said last mentioned Parliament Intituled An Act for the Vniformity of Common-Prayer and Service in the Church and the Administration of the Sacrament Sundry Mulcts Penalties Restraints and Incapacities are and have been laid upon the Professors of the Roman Catholick Religion in this Kingdom in for and concerning the use profession and exercise of their Religion and their Function therein to the great prejudice trouble and disquiet of the Roman Catholicks in their Liberties and Estates and a general disturbance of the whole Kingdom For remedy whereof and for the better setling increase and continuance of the Peace Unity and Tranquility of this Kingdom of Ireland His Majesty at the humble suit and request of the Lords and Commons
came undiscovered very near the Enemy who were gazing at the rest that march'd in the High-way and at the first Volley kill'd Sixteen Men whereupon all the Irish fled and being light of Foot and the Horse not come up no farther Execution was done at this famous Battel of Knockagarane As for Cork it was blocked up on the South-side by General Barry and the Lord Muskery who expected the Lord Roch and others to do the like on the North-side but to prevent that the Lord President sent the Lord Insiquin and Colonel Jepson with the Two English Troops newly arrived from England into Roch's Country and Orrery where they had the good Fortune to relieve Rathgogan and to take Ballyha and to kill Two hundred Rebels on the Twenty seventh of February And the Lord President being reinforced by Sir Charles Vavasor's Regiment likewise newly arrived from England did on the second of March draw out a Party with which he burnt Tallow visited Lismore and took Dungarvan by Surrender and left Lieutenant Rossington and Forty Men in it from whom the Irish afterwards surpriz'd it and so having kill'd Three hundred Rebels in this Journy he returned safely to Cork But on the Thirteenth of April the Irish beat the English Scouts into the Suburbs of Cork whereupon the Lord Insiquin and Colonel Vavasor issued out with Three hundred Musquetiers and Two Troops of Horse and not only beat that Party but also routed the whole Army and took the Lord Muskery's Armor Tent and Baggage and killed Captain Sugane and above Two hundred of the Rebels without the Loss of a Man And as to Youghall the Irish did plant Three Pieces of Ordnance on the other side of the River to block up the Harbor but that did not hinder the safe Arrival of Sir Charles Vavasor and his Regiment in that Port on the Twenty fifth day of February 1641. as aforesaid As to Connaught the Lord Ranelagh was Lord President of that Province and being at Dublin when the Rebellion broke out he went to his Government the beginning of November and found the Counties of Mayo Letrim Roscomon and Sleigo in open Rebellion At first he thought to reclaim them by Mildness and the Acquaintance he had amongst them but he was quickly baffled in that Expectation as every body else will be that thinks an Irish Rebel will prefer the Interests or Solicitations of a Protestant Friend before those of a Popish Priest On the contrary to manifest their Sincerity to their Religion per aliquod facinus dignum they are most severe to their Protestant Friends and the Lord Ranelagh fared as bad as others being besieged in the Castle of Athlone all this Winter and many Towns in his Province and particularly Roscomon and Elphin were burned by the Rebels and some Castles of the Earl of Clanrickard's in the County of Galway were by them likewise surprized tho' generally that County was by the Conduct and Loyalty of the Earl of Clanrickard kept in pretty good order And it is to be noted That Commissions of Government and Martial Law were likewise sent to the Roman Catholicks of this Province viz. to the Lord of Mayo c. that nothing might be omitted to keep them quiet if they were so inclin'd but they despising the weak Forces of this Province were more forward than others to plunge themselves into this Common and Universal Rebellion and kept the Lord President besieged in the Castle of Athlone all this Winter In January the Irish to the number of Twelve hundred besieged young Sir Charles-Coot in Castle-Coot but he valiantly raised the Siege within a Week and not long after defeated Hugh O Connor and his Forces and on the Second of March encountred Con O Rourk and his Followers who came to fetch the Prey of Roscomon and took himself Prisoner and killed most of his Party Afterwards the Rebels under the Conduct of Colonel Walsh formed a Camp at Kregs but young Sir Charles Coot and the Garison of Castle-Coot sallied out upon them and gave them a total Defeat and took all their Baggage and Provisions and not long after he got a considerable Prey from about Ballynislow and in Easter-week relieved Athloane with some Provisions and other Necessaries Nor did the Governors and Garisons of Roscoman Tulsk Elphin Knockvicar Abbyboyle Carrigdrumrusk and Bealanfad behave themselves less bravely tho' at length this latter Place was lost for want of Water As to Ulster because the Rebellion began there I have already mentioned several passages in that Province so that I have only to add that on the Twenty third of October Cormock O Hagan surpriz'd the strong Castle of Monymore belonging to the Company of Drapers in London Whereupon a Rumour was immediately noised about the Country that the Irish were in Rebellion which coming to the Ears of Mr. William Rowly who had been an active Man against the Irish he presently posted to Colerain where he brought the first notice of the Insurrection about Eight a Clock on Sunday Morning which was soon after confirmed by multitudes of pillaged People that flockt into the Town that day It was wonderful to see the Scots so deluded with the wheedling of the Irish that they sate still as Newters till the English were destroy'd and particularly There was one Mr. William Stewart of the Irry who had Married the Earl of Tyrones Grand-Daughter he had Six hundred Scots together and might have preserved that Country but being assur'd by some of his Irish Relations that no harm was design'd to his Country-men he dismist his Followers to their respective Dwellings and that very Night most of them were murdered and this was the first Action that Alarm'd the Scots amongst whom the Irish from that time forward made a sad Slaughter and the Scots in due time did not fail to Pay them in their own Coyn and particularly at the 〈◊〉 of Magee within few Weeks after At Colerain Colonel Edward Rowly rased a Regiment of Foot and a Troop of Horse and Colonel Cozens raised a Regiment of Foot but the former marched into the Country and for some time kept in an open Village called Garvaghy but at length the Irish to a very great number whereof many were his own Tenants fell upon him and kill'd all his Men but Eight and barbarously murdered himself after they had given him Quarter and then burnt and plundered to the Gates of Colerain Mr. Hugh Rowly who is still living assures me he saw them burn Desertmartin Maghara Vintners Town Drapers Town and Maghrafelt and he saw them take a Poor Scotchman and knock him in the Head with stones and he also saw them take Mr. Matchet a Minister out of Lieutenant Thurbye's House and murder him and he also likewise saw the Lord of Antrim and Sir Philemy O Neal meet at the same place But in March Archibald Steward marched out of Colerain with Six hundred Scots and Three hundred English and had the misfortune to meet with
suffer the Right of the Crown to be destroyed by any way but shall Lett it to your power and if you cannot Lett the same you shall certifie His Majesty clearly and expresly thereof you shall give your true and faithful Council for the King's Majesty's Profit and his Highness's Council you shall conceal and keep All other things for the Preservation of His Majesty's Realm of Ireland the Peace amongst His People and Execution of His Justice according to His Majesty's Laws Usages and Customs of His Highness's Realm you shall perform and do to your power So God you help and by the Contents of this Book The Lord Lieutenant did immediately set himself to reform the Army and reduced his own Troop to 40 and Lucas and Armstrong's Troops to 30 each and the other two Troops to 25 each so that he had in all but 150 Horse and 2000 Foot and to maintain these he was forced to revive the Excise and to lay a Tax of 3d. per Acre throughout that part of the Pale under his power and to seize on some Debts and Tobacco belonging to the Londoners and on the 16th of March he issued a Proclamation to prohibit Outrages and Robberies on pain of Death And thus Matters stood in Ireland at the end of the Year 1643. Nor can we open the following Year with a better Scene than a Session of Parliament 1644. which was held at Dublin on the 17th of April and the very next day the Speakers of both Houses issued Letters to the Officers of the Army strictly prohibiting them from taking the Solemn League and Covenant and in those Letters they took notice of the Lords Justices and Councils Proclamations of the 18th of December 1643 to the same effect And on the 20th of May the Government issued a Proclamation to free from Customs and Impositions for 6 Months all Goods and Commodities that shall be imported for the Relief of the Army into Dublin Drogheda Carlingford Dundalk Cork Youghall or Kinsale But we must leave Ireland for a while and adjourn to Oxford which was the Theater on which the Affairs of that Kingdom were for the present transacted and therefore the Negotiations there shall be handled together and they happened in this manner The Cessation being made as hath been already related the Confederates chose the Lord Viscount Muskery Sir Robert Talbot Dermond mac Teig O Brian c. As their Agents to sollicite the King in England about the Terms of a Peace and the Lords Justices did likewise as from the Council-Board send Sir William Stuart Sir Gerard Lowther Sir Philip Percival 1643. and Justice Donelan to whom Sir George Ratcliff and Sir William Sambach being then at London were added But the Protestants not knowing of this last or not thinking that these Agents would effectually insist upon Their Sense of Affairs or were prepared to prove their Grievances Did on the Sixth of October meet at the Earl of Kildare's House and agreed upon a Petition which they preferred to the Lords Justices and Coâ—ncil desiring leave for their Agents to repair to the King and that the Irish Agents might not be heard till they should arrive and that Care might be taken to continue the present Parliament which by Change of one of the Lord Justices was in Danger of being dissolved To which on the Twelfth of October they received a favourable Answer That they the Lords Justices had taken care to send Protestant Agents to the King to assist in the Treaty and that nevertheless they would transmit a Copy of the Petitioners request to His Majesty and if His Majesty would License their Departure they would not hinder it But the Protestants knowing that even of late time Agents had gone to the King without such special License from His Majesty they did on the Fourthteenth of October proceed to the Choice of Four Persons fit to be employed and prepared a Petition to the King and then Petitioned the Lords Justices and Council To transmit that Address to His Majesty and to License their Agents to repair unto him to England and on the 19th the Lords Justices answered That they had signified their former Petition to his Majesty and had importuned Secretary Nicholas for a speedy Answer which the Petitioners ought to expect and that in the mean time they would not hinder the Agents from going when they pleased but could not recommend them to the King until His Majesties Pleasure were known The Lord Chancellor Bolton took an Exception to the Copy of the Petition that it was not signed as the Original was which Nicety was soon answered by transcribing the Names of the Subscribers but the Earl of Roscomon Sir James Ware and one other who had signed the first Petition went farther and entered the following Protestation concerning it The Sense of divers of his Majesties Protestants Subjects who have Signed to the late Petition directed to His Majesty SUffering under the Mis-construction of Our Petition We hold it fit to declare that We exhibited not the same through want of Assurance of His Majesties Care of the Protestant Religion and of his Subjects nor yet to divert any Supplies that may be drawn from hence against such as in his Kingdom of England have taken up Arms against him but meerly in Right to Gods Cause and in Our Right humbly to inform His Majesty when the Irish Agents repair unto him if the said Agents shall endeavour to surprise or prejudice Us in either this is the Commission We give and if any Person or Persons imployed by Us shall go further or otherwise busie themselves to the disturbance of His Majesties Service against such We do and shall protest as being in Our Intentions no Parties thereunto which as it may serve to vindicate our Faith to His most sacred Majesty so it may shew how Causeless the Jealousies are of this Address to him And thus it stood till January when His Majesties Letter of the Sixth of November arrived and thereby License was granted to the Petitioners to send their Four Agents whereupon the Petitioners chose Sir Charles Coot and Captain William Parsons to be added to the Four they had pitched upon before and presented their Names to the Lord Lieutenant and on the Seventeenth day of February following the Commons of the Irish Parliament approved of what the Petitioners had done and declared their Concurrence therewith whereupon the Petitioners moved the Lord Lieutenant and Council for a recommendation to His Majesty both of their Cause and Agents and being demanded they produced their Instructions which were rectified as is mentioned Appendix 22. and then they were informed that it would gain them favour with the King if they carried over their Companies with them except Sir Charles Coot's which was in Conaught but Captain Parsons his Troop chose rather to be disbanded then to go over to Fight against their Countrey-men but Captain Ridgway's and Sir Francis Hamiltons Companies were Transported under their
Majesty how his Authority was despised by those great Pretenders to Loyalty to which his Majesty answers by his Letter of the 2d of February That he wonders at the Ingratitude of the Irish in the apparent breach of their Recognition of him in the beginning of the Articles of Peace and their solemn Protestations to himself And orders That if Ormond finds them incorrigible ☞ he should timely advise the King of it that not believing himself bound to the Conditions of Peace whilst they are destructively infringed by the Irish and made useless to his Majesty he may use other means for his Restitution and that Ormond should withdraw as soon as he thinks fit In the mean time the Popish Prelates and Clergy met proprio Motu at Cluanmacnoise and though it was expected that by the means of the Marquess of Antrim they would do something or other that would be very disobliging and seditious yet on the contrary they made most pathetical and pious Exhortations to Unity and to lay aside all National and other Animosities and declared it was in vain to expect any tolerable Conditions for their Religion Liberties and Estates from Cromwell in a word they said so much and so well that the Lord-Lieutenant was almost deceived into fresh hopes of their Loyalty and Integrity But an Adder cannot be without a sting nor a Popish Ecclesiastical Congregation meet in Ireland without doing something disobliging to the Royal Authority whilst in Protestant hands and even this meek and pious Assembly could not dissolve until it had spit some of its Venom in a Schedule of Grievances But it is yet more strange P. W.'s Remonstrance 83. that some body had the confidence to obtrude a spurious Paper of Greivances on the Commissioners of Trust instead of the true one and they gave it to the Lord-Lieutenant Whereupon he being highly incensed demanded of the Bishops whether they own'd that Paper and they denied it and on the first of April and not till then produced the true one which was pragmatical enough but not near so bad as the other But that the whole Kingdom might be satisfyed that there were no real Greivances nor just cause of Complaint since all the Mischiefs that had hapned were occasion'd by the Obstinacy of the Ungovernable Corporations Ormond did permit the Commissioners of Trust to issue their Circular Letters for Deputies from all parts of the Kingdom to represent their Grievances and accordingly they came in the latter end of January but being alarum'd at Kilkenny these Deputies adjourned to Juny I suppose Innis in the County of Clare where they made much noise but never had the confidence to reduce their clamour into writing and the Lord-Lieutenant left the City under the Government of the Earl of Castlehaven and went himself to Limerick to which place by his Letters of the 27th of February he invited the Popish Prelates and Clergy and they being come accordingly on the 8th of March his Excellency proposed to them That unless the People might be brought to have a full Confidence in him P. W.'s Remonstrance 75. and yeild a perfect Obedience unto him and unless the City of Limerick in particular would receive a Garrison and obey Orders there was no hopes of making any considerable Opposition to the Enemy and desired them to deal freely if they had any mistrust of him or dislike of his Goverment since he was ready to do any thing for the Peoples preservation that is consistent with his Honour and his Duty to the King And since it was manifest that the Name without the Power of Lord-Lieutenant could bring nothing but Ruine upon the Nation and Dishonour upon him they should either procure entire Obedience to his Authority or propose how the Kingdom might be preserved by his quitting it To all which they answer'd with many expressions of Respect and Affection and gave his Excellency a Paper of Advice mention'd Appendix 45 and so we must leave them for a while and see what was done in the rest of the Provinces In Ulster the Presbyterians and especially the Scots were fierce against the Parliament of England insomuch that the Presbytery of Belfast did on the 15th Feb. 1648 publish a Paper entituled A necessary Representation of the present Evils and eminent Dangers to Religion Laws and Liberties arising from the late and present Practises of the Sectarian Party in England together with an Exhortation to Duties relating to the Covenant The design of which is to exhort the People from associating with Sectaries or Malignants To which Sir Charles Coot and others of the Parliament party made an answer wherein they observe That if they decline the Parliament Burlace 207. they shut the door against all Succours and Supplies from England And secondly They make a Rent and Division amongst themselves And thirdly Must joyn with the Rebels or desert the Kingdom And lastly Must fight against an Army that hath been the Instrument of the Liberty of England and the Quiet of Scotland And it is certain that for want of due regard to the Dilemma in the third Observation the Presbyterian party fell into the Inconvenience mentioned in the second for the Lord of Ards Sir George Monroe and others joyned with the Lord-Lieutenant and the Irish in submission to the King whilst many of the Preachers declaimed so passionately against both Malignants and Sectaries as they called the King's party and the Parliament's that Sir George Monroe was fain to send many Letters and some Threatning Messages to silence them But this Division became the occasion of their Ruine for though they had once all Ulster except London-Derry which was also besieged yet they were in very few Months subdued for as soon as that Siege was raised by Owen Roe Sir Charles Coot marched abroad and took in Colâ—rain And Venables being by Cromwell detach'd from Tredagh had Belfast surrendered to him and though Collonel Trevor did fall upon Venables in his Quarters on the Road to Belfast yet he was bravely repulsed by the Valour of Captain Meredith and then Venables marched to Carrifergus which submitted to him even before his Foot came up and being joyned with Sir Charles Coot they beat Monroe and the Scots on the Plains of Lisnegarvy on the 6th of December and so the Parliament became Masters of most part of what the Presbyterians possest in Ulster But it must not be forgotten that Lieutenant-Collonel Owen O Conally the first Discoverer of the Irish Rebellion marching with a party of Horse from Belfast to Antrim was fallen upon by Monroe and totally routed and himself slain And as for Conaught Beling 196. I find no other mention of any Action there but that the Marquess of Claâ—rickard took Sligo in the Month of May 1649 I suppose from some of the Parliament party In the mean time Cromwell took advantage of the fair Weather ☜ and knowing that nothing could be so destructive to the Irish who wanted all