or_o avarice_n by_o take_v advantage_n of_o some_o particular_a person_n folly_n or_o overbidding_a and_o keep_v up_o the_o excessive_a rate_n of_o the_o market_n to_o the_o same_o or_o a_o more_o unreasonable_a price_n and_o not_o be_v willing_a to_o let_v they_o fall_v again_o to_o a_o low_a price_n though_o there_o be_v plenty_n and_o reason_n enough_o to_o do_v it_o unlawful_a combination_n and_o confederacy_n of_o trade_n man_n to_o raise_v their_o price_n or_o cause_v their_o ware_n to_o be_v make_v slight_a or_o insufficient_a unconscionable_a adulterate_n of_o commodity_n and_o make_v they_o seem_v what_o they_o be_v not_o to_o raise_v the_o great_a price_n evil_a artifices_fw-la of_o forestaller_n of_o the_o market_n engrosser_n and_o regrator_n who_o for_o their_o own_o ungodly_a gain_n can_v make_v a_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o plenty_n and_o like_a caterpillar_n spoil_v and_o devour_v the_o hope_n of_o the_o year_n fertility_n the_o landlord_n rack_a 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conscience_n can_v invent_v and_o true_o look_v upon_o as_o cause_n or_o concurrent_a part_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o now_o grand_a and_o most_o intolerable_a enhance_v of_o the_o rate_n and_o pâ—ices_n of_o victual_n household_n provision_n and_o other_o commodity_n there_o will_v be_v little_a or_o no_o room_n for_o the_o suppose_a plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o be_v either_o a_o cause_n or_o so_o much_o as_o any_o part_n of_o a_o cause_n of_o it_o nor_o can_v be_v well_o imagine_v when_o as_o notwithstanding_o that_o betwixt_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o gold_n and_o silver_n mine_n of_o the_o west_n indies_n have_v by_o the_o spanish_a cruelty_n to_o the_o indian_n and_o their_o almost_o extirpation_n afford_v such_o quantity_n of_o these_o bait_n of_o satan_n and_o temptation_n as_o two_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o million_o of_o gold_n commerce_n do_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o custom_n house_n of_o seville_n to_o have_v be_v bring_v from_o the_o west_n indies_n into_o spain_n all_o the_o plenty_n of_o that_o riches_n either_o by_o our_o merchant_n bring_v in_o of_o bullion_n from_o spain_n and_o its_o other_o kingdom_n and_o province_n by_o commerce_n or_o return_v of_o merchandise_n do_v not_o so_o in_o england_n raise_v &_o enhance_v the_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o victual_n and_o household_n provision_n but_o that_o we_o find_v the_o parliament_n of_o 24._o h._n 8._o ordain_v that_o beef_n pork_n mutton_n and_o veal_n shall_v be_v sell_v by_o the_o weight_n call_v haber_n dupois_n no_o person_n shall_v take_v for_o a_o pound_n of_o beef_n or_o pork_n above_o one_o half_a penny_n nor_o for_o a_o pound_n of_o mutton_n or_o veal_n above_o half_a penny_n farthing_n do_v believe_v they_o may_v be_v reasonable_o so_o afford_v and_o the_o rate_n of_o victual_n and_o household_n provision_n notwithstanding_o so_o increase_v as_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v it_o be_v ordain_v that_o governor_n of_o city_n and_o market_n town_n upon_o complaint_n to_o they_o make_v of_o any_o butcher_n refuse_v to_o sell_v victual_n by_o the_o weight_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 24_o h._n 8._o ca._n 3._o may_v commit_v the_o offender_n towards_o until_o he_o shall_v pay_v all_o penalty_n limit_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o be_v enable_v to_o sell_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v sell_v by_o weight_n all_o such_o victual_n for_o ready_a money_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o owner_n and_o if_o any_o grazier_n farmer_n breeder_n drover_n etc._n etc._n shall_v refuse_v to_o sell_v his_o fat_a cattle_n to_o a_o butcher_n upon_o such_o reasonable_a price_n as_o he_o may_v retail_v it_o at_o the_o price_n assess_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n mayor_n or_o governor_n shall_v cause_v indifferent_a person_n to_o set_v the_o price_n of_o the_o same_o which_o if_o the_o owner_n refuse_v to_o accept_v then_o the_o justice_n etc._n etc._n shall_v bind_v he_o to_o appear_v the_o next_o term_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n to_o be_v punish_v as_o the_o king_n council_n shall_v think_v good_a and_o the_o same_o parliament_n enact_v that_o upon_o every_o complaint_n make_v of_o any_o enhaunce_n of_o price_n of_o cheese_n butter_n capon_n hen_n chicken_n and_o other_o victual_n necessary_a for_o man_n sustenance_n without_o ground_n or_o cause_n reasonable_a in_o any_o part_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o in_o any_o other_o the_o king_n dominion_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a council_n the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n the_o lord_n steward_n the_o lord_n chamberlain_n and_o all_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a house_n the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n the_o king_n justice_n of_o either_o bench_n the_o chancellor_n chamberlain_n under_o treasurer_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n or_o seven_o of_o they_o at_o the_o least_o whereof_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n lord_n treasurer_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n or_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n to_o be_v one_o shall_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o the_o cause_n shall_v require_v to_o set_v and_o tax_v reasonable_a price_n of_o all_o such_o kind_n of_o victual_n how_o they_o shall_v be_v sell_v in_o gross_a or_o by_o retail_n and_o that_o after_o such_o price_n set_v and_o tax_v proclamation_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o king_n name_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o the_o say_a price_n in_o such_o part_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o shall_v be_v convenient_a for_o the_o same_o be_v not_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v any_o cause_n of_o the_o enhance_v of_o the_o price_n or_o rate_n of_o victual_n but_o do_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o that_o act_n declare_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o dearth_n scarcity_n good_a cheap_a and_o plenty_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o victual_n happen_v rise_v and_o chance_v of_o so_o many_o and_o diverse_a occasion_n that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a and_o difficult_a to_o put_v any_o certain_a price_n to_o any_o such_o thing_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o price_n of_o such_o victual_n be_v many_o time_n enhance_a and_o raise_v by_o the_o greedy_a covetousness_n and_o appetite_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o victual_n by_o occasion_n of_o engross_a and_o regrate_v the_o same_o more_o than_o upon_o any_o reasonable_a or_o just_a ground_n or_o cause_n to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o impoversh_v of_o the_o king_n subject_n siâ—_n thomas_n chamberlain_n qui_fw-la mores_fw-la hominum_fw-la multorum_fw-la vidit_fw-la &_o urbes_fw-la who_o by_o his_o several_a embassage_n fâ—om_n england_n into_o foreign_a country_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o king_n edward_z the_o six_o be_v not_o a_o little_a acquaint_v with_o the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n aswell_o as_o his_o own_o do_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o chamberlaâ—ne_n in_o a_o treatise_n entitle_v policy_n to_o reduce_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n unto_o a_o prosperous_a wealth_n and_o estate_n dedicate_v unto_o the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n than_o lord_n protector_n assign_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o high_a price_n and_o dearness_n of_o victual_n far_o less_o than_o what_o be_v now_o to_o be_v abase_v of_o coin_n and_o giuâ—ng_v more_o than_o forty_o penny_n for_o the_o ounce_n of_o silver_n engross_a of_o commodity_n the_o high_a price_n of_o wool_n which_o cause_v the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n be_v by_o the_o suppress_n of_o the_o abbey_n and_o liberality_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o waxen_a rich_a to_o convert_v all_o their_o ground_n into_o sheep_n pasture_n which_o diminish_v victual_n ten_o lordship_n to_o the_o great_a decay_n of_o husbandry_n
pay_v one_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o provision_n of_o fortress_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o barnagasso_n the_o king_n have_v beside_o silk_n and_o cloth_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o precious_a thing_n for_o tribute_n horse_n and_o pay_v himself_o 150._o horse_n to_o precious_a or_o prete_n john_n emperor_n of_o ethiopia_n of_o who_o he_o hold_v the_o kingdom_n of_o oghy_n beside_o a_o tribute_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n send_v he_o yearly_o a_o thousand_o beef_n in_o ethiopia_n the_o prete_n or_o emperor_n upon_o the_o come_n or_o return_v of_o ambassador_n give_v order_n to_o his_o subject_n or_o vassal_n to_o furnish_v they_o with_o provision_n for_o their_o journey_n and_o not_o long_o ago_o command_v one_o to_o who_o he_o have_v but_o a_o little_a before_o give_v a_o little_a lordship_n contain_v not_o above_o 80._o house_n and_o two_o church_n to_o furnish_v a_o ambassador_n with_o five_o hundred_o load_v of_o corn_n a_o hundred_o ox_n and_o a_o hundred_o sheep_n the_o gozague_n do_v yearly_o pay_v to_o their_o king_n beside_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n a_o thousand_o beef_n alive_a the_o maldives_n do_v yearly_o pay_v unto_o their_o king_n the_o five_o part_n of_o the_o grain_n which_o they_o sow_v and_o give_v he_o a_o portion_n of_o their_o cocoe_n and_o limmons_n and_o beside_o their_o tax_n compound_v also_o for_o fruit_n and_o honey_n the_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n in_o japan_n japan_n do_v contend_v who_o shall_v give_v most_o to_o the_o caesar_n and_o almost_o impoverish_v themselves_o by_o their_o present_n all_o the_o house_n in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o king_n residence_n be_v by_o the_o king_n tax_v towards_o the_o make_n of_o fortress_n in_o firando_n in_o japan_n when_o any_o foreign_a merchant_n be_v by_o the_o king_n invite_v to_o see_v play_n and_o public_a show_n they_o send_v present_n to_o he_o and_o every_o foreign_a merchant_n that_o come_v thither_o may_v not_o sell_v his_o good_n until_o he_o have_v carry_v a_o present_a to_o the_o emperor_n and_o when_o any_o of_o the_o king_n white_a elephant_n be_v bring_v unto_o he_o the_o merchant_n in_o the_o city_n be_v command_v to_o come_v and_o see_v he_o and_o bring_v every_o one_o a_o present_a of_o half_a a_o ducat_n which_o altogether_o amount_v to_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o industan_n when_o the_o mogul_n go_v abroad_o or_o in_o progress_n every_o one_o say_v sir_n thomas_n roe_n by_o who_o house_n he_o pass_v be_v to_o make_v he_o a_o present_a sir_n thomas_n roe_n himself_o do_v it_o when_o the_o king_n or_o mogol_n ride_v to_o the_o river_n of_o darbadath_n all_o the_o persian_a merchant_n do_v bring_v their_o good_n first_o to_o the_o mogul_n who_o buy_v what_o he_o please_v and_o after_o his_o officer_n have_v set_v the_o rate_n they_o may_v sell_v to_o who_o they_o will_n all_o man_n strive_v to_o present_v he_o with_o all_o thing_n rich_a and_o rare_a and_o no_o man_n petition_v he_o for_o any_o thing_n emptyhanded_a and_o thereby_o come_v to_o preferment_n some_o give_v he_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n in_o jewel_n at_o a_o time_n the_o king_n of_o achen_n command_v those_o of_o tecoo_o to_o bring_v thither_o their_o pepper_n which_o none_o may_v buy_v but_o he_o and_o put_v off_o his_o surat_n commodity_n in_o truck_v to_o they_o at_o what_o rate_v he_o please_v and_o ofttimes_o send_v his_o commodity_n to_o priaman_n and_o tecoo_o enforce_v they_o to_o buy_v they_o at_o his_o own_o rate_n none_o be_v suffer_v to_o buy_v or_o sell_v before_o he_o have_v vent_v his_o own_o at_o bantam_n the_o governor_n or_o protector_n so_o call_v use_v to_o send_v in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o the_o people_n to_o serve_v he_o with_o sack_n of_o pepper_n some_o a_o hundred_o some_o fifty_o some_o ten_o some_o five_o at_o the_o king_n price_n which_o be_v a_o rial_n less_o in_o a_o sack_n then_o the_o merchant_n pay_v divers_n bring_v present_n of_o rice_n and_o cash_n and_o some_o bring_v embroider_v cloth_n for_o the_o king_n wear_v nor_o be_v the_o more_o civilise_a part_n of_o the_o heathen_a only_o accustom_v to_o the_o way_n of_o pourveyance_n or_o bring_v provision_n or_o present_n to_o their_o king_n and_o prince_n but_o the_o wild_a and_o savage_a part_n of_o they_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o glimmering_n of_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n teach_v to_o do_v it_o in_o mexico_n in_o the_o west-indies_n and_o its_o large_a dominion_n under_o the_o emperor_n montezeuma_n contain_v 100_o city_n and_o their_o province_n the_o people_n do_v pay_v a_o certain_a yearly_a tribute_n to_o the_o king_n for_o water_n bring_v by_o pipe_n into_o the_o city_n those_o that_o hold_v land_n do_v yearly_o pay_v unto_o he_o one_o three_o part_n of_o their_o fruit_n and_o commodity_n which_o they_o have_v or_o do_v reap_v as_o gold_n silver_z stone_n dog_n hen_n foul_n coney_n salt_n wax_n honey_n mantle_n feather_n cotton_n and_o a_o certain_a fruit_n call_v câ—cao_n which_o they_o there_o use_v for_o money_n also_o all_o kind_n of_o grain_n garden-herb_n and_o fruit_n some_o town_n pay_v 400_o burden_n of_o white_a mantle_n other_o great_a trope_n of_o wood_n full_a of_o maiz_n friâ—oles_n etc._n etc._n some_o four_o hundred_o burden_n of_o wood_n other_o four_o hundred_o plank_n of_o timber_n some_o every_o six_o month_n bring_v four_o hundred_o burden_n of_o cotton-wool_n and_o other_o two_o thousand_o load_n of_o salt_n two_o hundred_o pot_n of_o honey_n twenty_o xacaras_n of_o gold_n in_o powder_n and_o some_o a_o truss_n of_o turkey_n stone_n and_o pay_v beside_o the_o king_n of_o alzopuzalco_n a_o tribute_n of_o fir_n and_o willow-tree_n towards_o the_o build_n of_o a_o city_n divers_a province_n be_v bind_v to_o provide_v firewood_n for_o the_o king_n house_n amount_v unto_o two_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o weight_n a_o day_n which_o be_v five_o hundred_o man_n burden_n &_o for_o the_o king_n particular_a chimney_n they_o bring_v the_o bark_n of_o the_o oak_n the_o incas_fw-la or_o indian_a king_n before_o the_o come_n of_o their_o unlucky_a love_a friend_n the_o spaniard_n have_v their_o tribute_n yearly_o bring_v unto_o the_o court_n and_o when_o any_o work_n be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o any_o thing_n to_o be_v furnish_v for_o the_o incas_fw-la the_o officer_n know_v present_o how_o much_o every_o province_n town_n and_o family_n ought_v to_o provide_v and_o by_o their_o register_n string_n and_o knot_n know_v what_o every_o one_o be_v to_o pay_v even_o to_o a_o hen_n or_o burden_n of_o wood_n and_o as_o inea_n garzilasco_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr vega_n a_o native_a of_o cozco_n relate_v in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o those_o country_n do_v among_o other_o tribute_n make_v and_o furnish_v clothes_n and_o arm_n to_o be_v use_v in_o war_n in_o virginia_n the_o weroance_n under-lord_n or_o petty_a king_n do_v hold_v their_o land_n habitation_n and_o limit_n to_o fish_n foul_a or_o hunt_n of_o their_o sovereign_n king_n powhatan_n to_o who_o they_o pay_v tribute_n of_o skin_n bead_n copper_n pearl_n dear_a turkey_n wild_a beast_n and_o corn._n and_o in_o all_o savage_a country_n the_o english_a merchant_n and_o navigator_n as_o mr._n edward_n winslow_n a_o man_n afterward_o too_o well_o know_v among_o the_o plunder_v and_o mistake_v godly_a at_o haberdasher_n hall_n have_v relate_v at_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o do_v make_v present_n to_o the_o savage_a king_n in_o new-england_n the_o sachims_n or_o lord_n be_v subject_a to_o one_o sachim_n to_o who_o they_o resort_v for_o protection_n and_o pay_v homage_n neither_o may_v any_o make_v war_n without_o their_o privity_n every_o sachim_n know_v the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o his_o country_n and_o that_o be_v as_o his_o proper_a inheritance_n and_o out_o of_o that_o if_o any_o of_o his_o man_n desire_v land_n to_o set_v their_o corn_n he_o give_v they_o as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v use_v and_o put_v they_o in_o their_o bound_n whosoever_o hunt_v or_o kill_v any_o venison_n which_o be_v there_o much_o of_o their_o food_n he_o bring_v he_o his_o fee_n which_o be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o same_o if_o it_o be_v kill_v on_o the_o land_n but_o if_o in_o the_o water_n than_o the_o skin_n thereof_o once_o a_o year_n the_o people_n be_v provoke_v by_o the_o piniese_n knight_n or_o councillor_n of_o the_o sachims_n to_o bestow_v much_o corn_n on_o the_o sachim_n who_o bring_v he_o thereupon_o many_o basket_n of_o corn_n and_o make_v a_o great_a stack_n thereof_o in_o florida_n where_o they_o all_o go_v naked_a and_o do_v but_o little_o exceed_v the_o beast_n of_o the_o field_n in_o understanding_n and_o want_v the_o wit_n of_o most_o part_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o cover_v their_o nakedness_n they_o can_v notwithstanding_o
that_o valiant_a saxon_a king_n and_o his_o own_o and_o other_o treachery_n gain_v and_o get_v to_o himself_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n murder_v edmond_n ironsides_n kindred_n and_o friend_n deny_v his_o child_n their_o father_n right_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o 178._o west_n sex_n &_o banish_v they_o deprive_v his_o cousin_n olaus_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n and_o act_v a_o haughty_a and_o domineer_a tyranny_n think_v his_o prerogative_n to_o be_v so_o boundless_a that_o he_o take_v it_o ill_o that_o the_o 912._o sea_n which_o be_v only_o command_v by_o he_o that_o still_v the_o rage_a wave_n and_o ride_v upon_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o wind_n do_v not_o adore_v his_o foot_n and_o run_v back_o like_o the_o river_n jordan_n and_o have_v demeasn_n &_o provision_n enough_o of_o his_o own_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o household_n and_o lazy_a and_o unruly_a lourdanes_n do_v in_o a_o contrivance_n of_o some_o ease_n to_o the_o people_n in_o small_a or_o less_o considerable_a matter_n the_o better_a to_o please_v they_o and_o assure_v his_o new_a dominion_n sapientum_fw-la adhibito_fw-la consilio_fw-la by_o advice_n of_o his_o parliament_n or_o 67._o council_n in_o anno_fw-la 1010._o ut_fw-la quo_fw-la prius_fw-la opprimabatur_fw-la onere_fw-la populum_fw-la liberaret_fw-la that_o they_o may_v be_v free_v from_o the_o burden_n with_o which_o as_o he_o say_v they_o be_v former_o oppress_v among_o other_o thing_n by_o a_o law_n order_n and_o command_n his_o officer_n as_o the_o learned_a mr._n lambard_n have_v out_o of_o the_o old_a english_a or_o saxon_a publish_v it_o ut_fw-la ex_fw-la aratione_fw-la &_o praediis_fw-la suis_fw-la propriis_fw-la quae_fw-la sibi_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ad_fw-la victum_fw-la necessaria_fw-la suppeditent_fw-la neque_fw-la alius_fw-la quisquam_fw-la victui_fw-la svi_fw-la adjumenta_fw-la praestare_fw-la invitus_fw-la cogatur_fw-la atque_fw-la si_fw-la eorum_fw-la aliquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la nomine_fw-la mulctam_fw-la petierit_fw-la be_v proprii_fw-la capitis_fw-la estimationem_fw-la regi_fw-la dependito_fw-la that_o out_o of_o his_o own_o demesne_n they_o shall_v provide_v necessary_n for_o his_o household_n and_o that_o none_o be_v compel_v to_o furnish_v any_o provision_n and_o if_o any_o of_o his_o officer_n shall_v impose_v any_o penalty_n upon_o they_o for_o not_o furnish_v such_o provision_n he_o shall_v himself_o forfeit_v or_o pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n amount_v to_o near_a as_o much_o as_o he_o be_v worth_a but_o as_o john_n bromton_n who_o write_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o have_v recite_v that_o law_n it_o do_v something_o differ_v from_o that_o which_o mr._n lamberd_v have_v mention_v and_o be_v only_o in_o these_o word_n praecipio_fw-la praepositis_fw-la meis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la meo_fw-la lucrentur_fw-la &_o inde_fw-la mihi_fw-la serviant_fw-la &_o nemo_fw-la cogatur_fw-la ad_fw-la firmae_fw-la adjutorium_fw-la aliquid_fw-la dare_v nisi_fw-la sponte_fw-la sua_fw-la velit_fw-la all_o his_o reeves_n or_o officer_n be_v command_v that_o they_o shall_v make_v the_o best_a profit_n they_o can_v of_o the_o king_n land_n for_o his_o use_n and_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v compel_v to_o add_v or_o pay_v any_o thing_n more_o than_o his_o rent_n or_o farm_n unless_o he_o shall_v do_v it_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n 930._o et_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la aliquem_fw-la inde_fw-la gravabit_fw-la werae_fw-la sua_fw-la reus_n sit_fw-la erga_fw-la regem_fw-la and_o if_o any_o shall_v disturb_v they_o therein_o they_o shall_v forfeit_v and_o pay_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o king_n and_o that_o law_n or_o edict_n or_o proclamation_n rather_o than_o a_o law_n take_v as_o it_o be_v either_o in_o bromton_n or_o lambard_n be_v but_o only_o intend_v as_o the_o title_n and_o body_n of_o it_o signify_v de_fw-la victu_fw-la ex_fw-la praediis_fw-la regis_fw-la concern_v his_o tenant_n in_o his_o own_o land_n and_o demesne_n and_o any_o provision_n to_o be_v make_v by_o they_o over_o and_o above_o their_o rent_n but_o do_v not_o discharge_v cart-taking_a or_o other_o part_n of_o the_o royal_a pourveyance_n in_o his_o own_o demesne_n nor_o extend_v to_o any_o land_n or_o people_n other_o than_o the_o king_n own_o demesne_n and_o can_v signify_v no_o more_o than_o his_o desire_n to_o spare_v the_o tenant_n of_o his_o own_o land_n from_o be_v charge_v with_o any_o provision_n for_o his_o house_n who_o as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n say_v in_o his_o comment_n or_o annotation_n upon_o chartas_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o statute_n of_o articuli_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n be_v the_o king_n tenant_n in_o ancient_a demean_v have_v ever_o since_o enjoy_v many_o great_a privilege_n as_o to_o be_v free_a from_o payment_n of_o toll_n pay_v of_o wage_n to_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n which_o serve_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o like_a and_o be_v by_o special_a privilege_n grant_v by_o william_n the_o 2._o conqueror_n to_o have_v upon_o judgement_n obtain_v against_o any_o that_o do_v they_o wrong_n double_v the_o forfeiture_n and_o penalty_n or_o damage_n which_o be_v to_o be_v adjudge_v to_o any_o other_o and_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o mr._n somner_n say_v in_o his_o glossary_a victum_fw-la propriè_fw-la sonans_fw-la signify_v only_o some_o provision_n of_o victual_n reserve_v it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o firmae_fw-la adjutorium_fw-la in_o bromtons_n translation_n of_o that_o law_n or_o edict_n of_o king_n canutus_n can_v be_v mean_v or_o expound_v that_o no_o provision_n shall_v at_o all_o be_v pay_v for_o than_o it_o will_v have_v signify_v the_o whole_a rent_n to_o have_v be_v acquit_v if_o no_o money_n have_v be_v use_v to_o have_v be_v pay_v together_o with_o provision_n or_o if_o as_o the_o judicious_a 274._o sir_n hen._n spelman_n say_v the_o word_n farm_n do_v import_v tam_fw-la redditus_fw-la pecuniarias_fw-la ex_fw-la elocatis_fw-la provenientes_fw-la quam_fw-la annonarias_fw-la as_o well_o for_o rend_v in_o money_n as_o corn_n and_o other_o provision_n for_o housekeeping_n &_o pro_fw-la caena_fw-la prandio_fw-la corrodio_fw-la convivio_fw-la epulis_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la mensae_fw-la apparatu_fw-la sumitur_fw-la and_o be_v take_v for_o a_o corrody_n supper_n dinner_n feast_n or_o any_o other_o provision_n to_o furnish_v the_o table_n and_o that_o some_o money_n and_o some_o provision_n be_v pay_v for_o their_o rent_n it_o remain_v a_o doubt_n what_o that_o favour_n intend_v by_o canutus_n his_o law_n or_o edict_n shall_v be_v interpret_v to_o be_v or_o how_o much_o of_o that_o king_n provision_n towards_o the_o keep_n and_o maintenance_n of_o his_o house_n be_v by_o he_o remit_v or_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v understand_v to_o have_v be_v only_o in_o alba_fw-la firma_fw-la quae_fw-la argento_fw-la penditur_fw-la non_fw-la pecude_fw-la only_o in_o money_n which_o if_o at_o all_o be_v very_o seldom_o use_v in_o those_o time_n that_o also_o must_v be_v deny_v to_o have_v be_v either_o the_o meaning_n or_o practice_n of_o that_o law_n or_o edict_n of_o canutus_n when_o as_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v find_v to_o have_v pay_v their_o provision_n for_o housekeep_v in_o edward_n the_o confessor_n reign_v before_o the_o conquest_n and_o after_o in_o the_o reign_v of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n william_n rufus_n and_o part_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o so_o as_o the_o way_n to_o get_v out_o of_o it_o will_v be_v in_o all_o probability_n to_o understand_v it_o to_o be_v no_o otherwise_o then_o a_o forbid_v the_o rapine_n and_o the_o outrageous_a take_n of_o the_o people_n cattle_n corn_n and_o provision_n by_o his_o unruly_a dane_n who_o have_v so_o late_o be_v invade_v and_o plunder_v enemy_n and_o be_v scarce_o denizend_a for_o in_o the_o same_o 78._o parliament_n we_o find_v his_o law_n that_o dona_fw-la potionis_fw-la honoraria_fw-la aliaque_fw-la debita_fw-la dominis_n officia_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la semper_fw-la statu_fw-la immutato_fw-la manerent_fw-la honorary_a oblation_n or_o custom_n for_o drink_n with_o other_o duty_n of_o tenant_n to_o their_o lord_n shall_v continue_v as_o former_o and_o remain_v unchangeable_a and_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n afterward_o extant_a and_o to_o be_v find_v in_o old_a charter_n and_o doomsday_n book_n do_v according_o often_o mention_n bordland_n to_o find_v provision_n for_o the_o lord_n house_n or_o table_n droâ—land_n to_o drive_v their_o caâ—tel_n to_o fair_n market_n etc._n etc._n berland_n to_o bear_v or_o carry_v provision_n of_o victual_n or_o the_o like_a for_o they_o or_o their_o steward_n in_o their_o remove_n from_o place_n to_o place_n poâ—ura_n or_o drinklan_n or_o scot_n ale_n a_o contribution_n by_o tenant_n towards_o a_o â—otation_n drink_v or_o a_o ale_n provide_v to_o entertain_v the_o lord_n or_o his_o steward_n come_v to_o keep_v his_o court_n gavelkind_n gavel_n malt_n gavel_n corn_n &_o ad_fw-la deferâ—endum_fw-la &_o cariandum_fw-la ad_fw-la costas_fw-la &_o expensas_fw-la tenentium_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la granarium_fw-la and_o to_o carry_v it_o at_o
last_o take_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o payment_n of_o all_o the_o herring_n that_o shall_v be_v sell_v by_o their_o assent_n to_o any_o person_n and_o the_o hundred_o of_o herring_n shall_v be_v account_v by_o sixscore_a and_o the_o last_o by_o ten_o thousand_o that_o the_o people_n of_o london_n at_o such_o fair_a shall_v bring_v the_o last_o from_o yarmouth_n to_o london_n for_o one_o mark_v of_o gain_n and_o not_o above_o that_o the_o fisher_n be_v compel_v to_o bring_v the_o remnant_n of_o their_o herring_n not_o sell_v in_o the_o road_n of_o kirkley_n to_o the_o fair_a to_o sell_v they_o so_o that_o none_o sell_v herring_n in_o any_o place_n about_o the_o haven_n of_o yarmouth_n by_o seven_o mile_n except_o in_o three_o town_n of_o yarmouth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v easton_n weston_n and_o southton_n unless_o it_o be_v herring_n of_o their_o own_o fish_n the_o 3._o chancellor_n or_o treasurer_n take_v to_o they_o justice_n and_o other_o the_o king_n council_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o ordain_v remedy_n touch_v the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o stockfish_n of_o saint_n botolph_n and_o salmon_n of_o barwick_n and_o of_o wine_n and_o fish_n of_o bristâ—ute_n and_o elsewhere_o to_o the_o intent_n the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n may_v better_o be_v serve_v and_o have_v better_a market_n than_o they_o have_v have_v before_o this_o time_n and_o that_o the_o ordinance_n by_o they_o make_v in_o this_o party_n be_v firm_o hold_v dogger_n and_o landship_n of_o blackney_n haven_n shall_v discharge_v their_o fish_n there_o 2._o the_o price_n of_o dogger-fish_n and_o loichfish_n that_o be_v to_o say_v job_n ling_n and_o cod_n shall_v be_v assess_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o ruler_n come_v to_o the_o fair_a of_o blackney_n and_o of_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n before_o any_o sale_n be_v make_v which_o shall_v be_v hold_v during_o the_o fair_a every_o man_n shall_v buy_v herring_n open_o and_o not_o privy_o at_o such_o price_n as_o may_v be_v agree_v betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o seller_n and_o petriâ—g_n no_o man_n shall_v enter_v into_o bargain_n upon_o the_o buy_n of_o the_o same_o till_o he_o that_o first_o come_v to_o bargain_n shall_v have_v a_o end_n of_o his_o bargain_n greable_a to_o the_o seller_n 7._o and_o that_o none_o increase_v upon_o other_o during_o the_o first_o bargain_n londoner_n 7._o and_o other_o shall_v sell_v victual_n by_o retail_n sweet_a wine_n may_v be_v sell_v by_o retail_n at_o the_o price_n of_o gascoigne_n wine_n victualler_n shall_v have_v but_o reasonable_a gain_n according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n there_o shall_v be_v but_o eight_o bushel_n strike_v to_o the_o quarter_n the_o several_a 8._o measure_n of_o vessel_n of_o wine_n eel_n herring_n and_o salmon_n 8._o and_o vessel_n of_o oil_n and_o honey_n to_o be_v gage_v 12_o e._n 4._o ca._n 8._o divers_a patent_n be_v grant_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o divers_a person_n to_o be_v surveyor_n and_o corrector_n of_o beer_n ale_n wine_n and_o victual_n within_o divers_a city_n borough_n and_o town_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v void_a and_o that_o the_o mayor_n bailiff_n and_o chief_a governor_n of_o city_n borough_n and_o town_n corporate_a shall_v be_v the_o only_a searcher_n and_o surveyor_n of_o victual_n for_o that_o every_o city_n borough_n and_o town_n of_o substance_n in_o england_n for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v court_n leeâ—s_n and_o view_v of_o frankpledge_a hold_v yearly_a within_o the_o same_o city_n borough_n and_o town_n survey_v of_o all_o victual_n therein_o and_o correction_n and_o punishment_n of_o the_o offender_n and_o breaker_n of_o the_o assize_n of_o the_o same_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v câ—ntraried_v ordinance_n make_v by_o 2._o guild_v fraternity_n and_o company_n of_o trade_n shall_v be_v examine_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n of_o england_n or_o chief_a justice_n of_o either_o bench_n or_o three_o of_o they_o or_o by_o justice_n of_o assize_n in_o their_o circuit_n to_o prevent_v and_o hinder_v unlawful_a ordinance_n as_o well_o in_o prize_n of_o ware_n as_o in_o other_o thing_n to_o the_o common_a hurt_n and_o damage_n of_o the_o people_n when_o any_o victualler_n be_v choose_v officer_n in_o any_o city_n except_o 8._o london_n york_n and_o coventry_n borough_n or_o town_n corporate_a which_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o office_n shall_v have_v the_o assise_n and_o correction_n for_o sell_v of_o victual_n that_o then_o two_o discreet_a and_o honest_a person_n neither_o of_o they_o be_v victualler_n shall_v during_o that_o time_n be_v swear_v true_o to_o sess_v and_o set_v the_o price_n of_o victual_n such_o as_o sell_v false_a and_o mix_v oil_n to_o be_v search_v and_o punish_v and_o such_o as_o destroy_v wild_a â—oul_n whereby_o former_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a household_n 11._o and_o the_o house_n of_o noblemâ—n_n &_o prelate_n be_v furnish_v at_o convenient_a price_n to_o be_v punish_v upon_o complaint_n make_v for_o enhaunce_v of_o price_n of_o victual_n 2._o the_o price_n thereof_o shall_v be_v assess_v by_o the_o king_n councillor_n and_o officer_n and_o they_o which_o have_v victual_n to_o sell_v shall_v sell_v they_o at_o the_o same_o prize_n the_o 6.17_o prize_n of_o the_o but_o tun_n pipe_n hogshead_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o kind_n of_o wine_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v sell_v in_o gross_a shall_v be_v set_v by_o certain_a of_o the_o king_n great_a officer_n whosoever_o shall_v buy_v or_o sell_v any_o 14._o fâ—sant_a or_o partridge_n save_v the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n queen_n or_o prince_n house_n shall_v forfeit_v for_o every_o fesant_fw-mi six_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n and_o for_o every_o partridge_n three_o shilling_n four_o penny_n to_o the_o king_n conspiracy_n 23._o make_v by_o victualler_n touch_v sell_v of_o victual_n shall_v be_v grievous_o punish_v tavern_n ibidem_fw-la may_v be_v appoint_v in_o every_o city_n borough_n or_o town_n corporate_a to_o sell_v wine_n by_o retail_n none_o ibidem_fw-la shall_v retail_v wine_n but_o in_o city_n market_n town_n etc._n etc._n vintner_n ibidem_fw-la which_o sell_v by_o retail_n in_o town_n corporate_a shall_v be_v assign_v by_o the_o head_n officer_n thereof_o and_o in_o other_o town_n by_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o 3._o 2_o &_o 3_o ed._n 6._o by_o a_o temporary_a act_n expire_v with_o the_o time_n therein_o limit_v which_o may_v show_v the_o mind_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o maker_n and_o what_o be_v then_o think_v convenient_a for_o that_o small_a part_n of_o time_n and_o be_v probable_o only_o do_v upon_o some_o ground_n or_o reason_n of_o state_n for_o the_o present_a or_o in_o ease_n of_o the_o people_n or_o some_o popular_a design_n of_o the_o then_o roll_a lord_n protector_n be_v not_o then_o nor_o at_o any_o time_n after_o thought_n fit_a to_o continue_v any_o long_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o pourveyor_n or_o other_o person_n by_o authority_n of_o any_o commission_n or_o other_o warrant_n shall_v during_o three_o year_n then_o next_o ensue_v pourvey_n or_o take_v for_o the_o provision_n of_o the_o king_n household_n his_o sister_n or_o any_o other_o any_o corn_n beef_n mutton_n etc._n etc._n wood_n coal_n straw_n hay_o or_o any_o kind_n of_o victual_n without_o the_o full_a consent_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o at_o such_o price_n for_o ready_a money_n as_o the_o owner_n or_o pourveyor_n can_v agree_v nor_o shall_v take_v for_o any_o of_o the_o king_n affair_n or_o the_o war_n or_o otherwise_o any_o good_n chattel_n or_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o save_v barge_n ship_n cart_n and_o thing_n necessary_a without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o at_o such_o prize_n for_o ready_a money_n as_o the_o owner_n &_o pourveyâ—rs_n can_v agree_v except_o post-horse_n for_o which_o shall_v be_v pay_v a_o penny_n a_o mile_n and_o the_o king_n will_v allow_v to_o the_o owner_n of_o every_o cart_n take_v for_o his_o household_n four_o penny_n a_o mile_n and_o for_o the_o war_n and_o other_o carriage_n three_o penny_n a_o mile_n the_o 1â—_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n lord_n treasurer_n lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n lord_n privy_a seal_n and_o the_o two_o chief_a justice_n or_o any_o five_o four_o or_o three_o of_o they_o be_v authorise_v to_o set_v prize_n of_o wine_n and_o none_o to_o sell_v either_o in_o gross_a or_o by_o retail_n above_o those_o prize_n no_o 14._o cattle_n shall_v be_v buy_v but_o in_o open_a fair_a or_o market_n but_o by_o a_o butcher_n provision_n of_o household_n butter_n or_o cheese_n shall_v not_o be_v buy_v to_o be_v sell_v again_o except_o it_o be_v by_o retail_n in_o open_a shop_n fair_a or_o market_n 12_o forestaller_n and_o regrator_n shall_v be_v punish_v badger_n and_o drover_n license_v by_o three_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n
enforce_v they_o in_o requital_n thereof_o and_o care_v of_o themselves_o to_o stretch_v as_o much_o or_o more_o the_o price_n of_o their_o cattle_n and_o commodity_n because_o their_o landlord_n be_v insatiable_a and_o do_v never_o think_v their_o rent_n high_a enough_o raise_v as_o long_o as_o they_o can_v find_v any_o pretence_n to_o raise_v they_o high_o or_o any_o one_o to_o give_v they_o the_o utmost_a penny_n when_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v their_o rent_n maintain_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o have_v some_o little_a comfort_n or_o encouragement_n by_o their_o honest_a labour_n unless_o they_o shall_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v make_v every_o thing_n as_o dear_a as_o they_o can_v and_o imitate_v or_o exceed_v they_o all_o which_o combine_v and_o strong_o confederate_v together_o his_o mersere_fw-la malis_fw-la have_v bring_v many_o a_o evil_n upon_o the_o kingdom_n make_v our_o atlas_n burden_n much_o the_o heavy_a the_o poor_a sort_n of_o the_o people_n to_o be_v great_o impoverish_v and_o devour_v like_o sheep_n and_o the_o land_a and_o rich_a part_n like_o the_o israelite_n with_o quail_n in_o their_o mouth_n murmur_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o peace_n and_o plenty_n and_o think_v that_o to_o be_v thanks_o enough_o for_o they_o and_o all_o their_o mannah_n and_o like_o those_o which_o distemper_a their_o body_n and_o breed_v and_o cause_v their_o own_o disease_n be_v unwilling_a to_o acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o what_o they_o complain_v of_o but_o will_v willing_o make_v the_o air_n and_o heavenly_a influence_n to_o be_v in_o the_o fault_n and_o when_o they_o make_v the_o high_a way_n the_o fowler_n by_o their_o own_o travail_v and_o ride_v in_o they_o and_o the_o worse_a for_o the_o next_o that_o shall_v come_v after_o they_o will_v lament_v the_o deepness_n or_o foulness_n of_o they_o or_o as_o landlord_n which_o can_v grievous_o complain_v and_o wonder_v at_o the_o high_a rate_n of_o flesh_n fish_n corn_n butter_n cheese_n and_o other_o household_n provision_n at_o the_o market_n when_o the_o enhaunce_n of_o their_o own_o pride_n extravagancy_n and_o profit_n to_o maintain_v they_o and_o sequester_v themselves_o from_o the_o virtue_n and_o hospitality_n of_o their_o more_o belove_a and_o honour_a ancestor_n when_o they_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o buy_v themselves_o will_v not_o as_o they_o shall_v lay_v the_o blame_n upon_o their_o own_o let_v their_o land_n by_o exact_a and_o strict_a measure_n of_o the_o acre_n rod_n and_o perch_n to_o the_o utmost_a rack_n and_o farthing_n and_o in_o many_o place_n by_o as_o much_o indiscretion_n as_o unconscionableness_n apportion_n and_o limit_v the_o wood_n which_o the_o tenant_n be_v to_o burn_v or_o use_v by_o the_o load_n as_o if_o it_o be_v something_o more_o precious_a or_o to_o be_v bring_v by_o degree_n to_o be_v weigh_v by_o the_o pound_n or_o ounce_n and_o will_v have_v more_o rend_v many_o time_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o it_o then_o can_v possible_o be_v make_v of_o it_o with_o as_o many_o nomine_fw-la paene_n and_o impossible_a to_o be_v keep_v covenant_n and_o restriction_n as_o hard-hearted_a curiosity_n and_o diffidence_n can_v contrive_v and_o invent_v to_o the_o sometime_o ruin_n or_o great_a loss_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o their_o endeavour_n to_o improve_v and_o make_v their_o farm_n yield_v as_o much_o as_o their_o rent_n do_v amount_v unto_o which_o necessitate_v they_o to_o sell_v every_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v to_o sell_v at_o the_o high_a rate_n and_o by_o so_o let_v their_o land_n at_o the_o high_a rent_n and_o ten_o time_n high_o than_o their_o grandfather_n some_o only_a few_o good_a and_o worshipful_a imitator_n of_o their_o progenitor_n virtue_n except_v or_o as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v get_v be_v not_o only_o the_o great_a cause_n of_o the_o enhaunch_n of_o all_o price_n of_o provision_n but_o by_o make_v another_o as_o great_a a_o advantage_n to_o themselves_o do_v when_o as_o they_o do_v not_o pay_v rent_n as_o their_o tenant_n do_v for_o the_o land_n out_o of_o which_o they_o raise_v their_o commodity_n add_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o buyer_n by_o hold_v of_o they_o up_o to_o the_o rate_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o market_n and_o get_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v possible_o for_o what_o they_o themselves_o do_v sell_v and_o send_v to_o the_o market_n and_o by_o such_o or_o the_o like_a profitable_a and_o beneficial_a custom_n which_o be_v sweet_a in_o the_o mouth_n or_o unto_o the_o taste_n but_o may_v be_v bitter_a in_o the_o stomach_n or_o digestion_n of_o make_v their_o benefit_n by_o the_o loss_n or_o oppression_n of_o the_o buyer_n which_o at_o the_o market_n with_o those_o reckon_v and_o include_v which_o be_v at_o home_n and_o to_o be_v feed_v with_o what_o be_v buy_v or_o bring_v from_o thence_o be_v forty_o for_o one_o that_o be_v seller_n and_o those_o that_o have_v either_o land_n of_o their_o own_o or_o at_o a_o rent_n be_v not_o one_o in_o every_o twenty_o for_o those_o which_o have_v not_o have_v very_o much_o enlarge_v their_o own_o estate_n and_o impoverish_v the_o commonalty_n wherefore_o all_o those_o of_o our_o nation_n which_o like_o the_o wanton_a &_o at_o last_o unhappy_a sybarite_n now_o trouble_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o under_o a_o slavish_a government_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o turk_n than_o the_o crow_n of_o the_o cock_n in_o the_o night_n time_n to_o disturb_v their_o sweet_a sleep_n or_o repose_v which_o once_o they_o be_v so_o foolish_a as_o to_o account_v a_o inconvenience_n will_v but_o summon_v in_o their_o conscience_n and_o a_o right_a understanding_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n to_o the_o tribunal_n of_o reason_n and_o observe_v the_o dictate_v of_o that_o and_o common_a right_n the_o praeemption_n which_o be_v never_o use_v to_o be_v deny_v to_o praeheminence_n but_o always_o attend_v it_o as_o a_o insepeperable_a concomitant_a and_o consequence_n and_o so_o esteem_v to_o be_v rational_a as_o the_o rude_a and_o unmannerly_a dutch_a with_o their_o head_n in_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o rug_n and_o their_o good_a manner_n run_v out_o of_o their_o knee_n can_v afford_v it_o to_o the_o low_a rank_n of_o their_o heeren_n self-created_n lord_n or_o state_n or_o to_o a_o schepen_n or_o sindic_n sheriff_n or_o recorder_n of_o a_o town_n will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o grievance_n and_o where_o any_o privilege_n as_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v many_o be_v associate_n and_o incorporate_v with_o sovereign_a majesty_n the_o king_n of_o england_n under_o who_o grant_n and_o allowance_n only_o every_o seller_n as_o well_o as_o buyer_n at_o fair_n and_o market_n claim_v and_o enjoy_v the_o liberty_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v shall_v not_o himself_o be_v unkind_o use_v or_o his_o pourveyor_n debar_v the_o liberty_n of_o a_o first_o buyer_n which_o be_v in_o anno_fw-la 720._o or_o thereabouts_o understand_v to_o be_v so_o necessary_a and_o inherent_a to_o kingly_a authority_n and_o supereminence_n the_o reverence_n respect_n and_o duty_n belong_v unto_o it_o and_o a_o privilege_n so_o just_a and_o reasonable_a and_o become_a subject_n to_o be_v well_o content_v with_o and_o the_o regality_n of_o king_n not_o to_o part_v with_o as_o king_n ina_n one_o of_o our_o saxon_a king_n do_v by_o a_o law_n prohibit_v before_o fang_n or_o captio_fw-la obsâ—niâ—rum_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o foris_fw-la aut_fw-la nundinis_fw-la ab_fw-la aliquo_fw-la fit_a priusquam_fw-la minister_n regis_fw-la ea_fw-la caeperit_n quae_fw-la regi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la necessaria_fw-la the_o take_n or_o buy_v of_o household_n provision_n by_o other_o in_o fair_n or_o market_n before_o the_o king_n minister_n or_o pourueyor_n take_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o king_n the_o word_n of_o that_o law_n as_o the_o learned_a s._n sir_n henry_n spelman_n have_v in_o the_o version_n render_v they_o the_o before_o fang_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o saxon_a signify_v aunt_n or_o before_o and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d prendere_fw-la or_o to_o take_v i._n e._n de_fw-fr preventione_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la judicium_fw-la teneri_fw-la debet_fw-la we_o ordain_v that_o this_o law_n of_o prevention_n or_o praeemption_n be_v firm_o hold_v throughout_o all_o england_n and_o be_v more_o fit_a to_o be_v allow_v unto_o the_o king_n who_o just_a right_n and_o jurisdiction_n every_o man_n be_v swear_v or_o ought_v to_o swear_v to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v if_o there_o be_v no_o five_o commandment_n in_o be_v or_o any_o other_o precept_n in_o scripture_n to_o honour_n and_o obey_v the_o king_n then_o unto_o lord_n of_o manor_n have_v market_n and_o fair_n belong_v unto_o they_o or_o the_o lord_n maior_n or_o sheriff_n of_o london_n or_o the_o magistrate_n of_o any_o other_o city_n or_o town_n corporate_a in_o england_n
for_o a_o great_a observance_n be_v certain_o to_o be_v tender_v unto_o the_o king_n even_o in_o that_o particular_a of_o praeemption_n which_o may_v well_o be_v believe_v by_o all_o that_o be_v not_o quaker_n who_o tenant_n all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v mediate_o or_o immediate_o by_o some_o or_o other_o tenure_n then_o that_o which_o be_v usual_o do_v to_o lord_n of_o manor_n justice_n of_o peace_n or_o country_n gentleman_n by_o their_o tenant_n or_o poor_a sort_n of_o neighbour_n who_o if_o they_o chance_v to_o catch_v any_o woodcock_n or_o partridge_n in_o any_o of_o those_o gentleman_n land_n will_v bring_v they_o to_o their_o â—ouses_n to_o sell_v at_o such_o cheap_a and_o easy_a rate_n as_o they_o shall_v please_v to_o give_v for_o they_o and_o if_o which_o seldom_o happen_v they_o shall_v carry_v they_o to_o the_o market_n and_o not_o thither_o be_v sure_a enough_o to_o be_v chide_v for_o it_o and_o cross_v and_o deny_v in_o any_o great_a matter_n which_o they_o shall_v have_v to_o do_v with_o they_o and_o be_v but_o that_o or_o a_o little_a more_o courtesy_n which_o butcher_n fishmonger_n and_o other_o tradesman_n sell_v victual_n or_o provision_n in_o great_a quantity_n and_o all_o the_o year_n or_o often_o unto_o their_o constant_a customer_n will_v not_o for_o their_o own_o end_n fail_v to_o do_v or_o neglect_v or_o to_o sell_v unto_o they_o at_o easy_a rate_n then_o unto_o other_o and_o find_v themselves_o to_o be_v many_o time_n no_o loser_n by_o it_o insomuch_o as_o some_o have_v late_o well_o afford_v to_o sell_v to_o a_o constant_a customer_n for_o great_a quantity_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n it_o be_v 40_o or_o 60_o year_n before_o and_o the_o composition_n of_o the_o county_n for_o pourveyance_n to_o serve_v in_o beef_n mutton_n poultry_n corn_n malt_n and_o other_o provision_n for_o the_o king_n household_n and_o the_o maintenance_n and_o support_v of_o it_o at_o a_o more_o cheap_a rate_n than_o the_o market_n yield_v which_o when_o they_o be_v first_o set_v be_v but_o the_o market_n rate_n or_o a_o little_a under_o long_o ago_o make_v and_o agree_v upon_o by_o the_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n household_n and_o some_o justice_n of_o peace_n in_o every_o county_n and_o easy_o and_o equal_o tax_v and_o lay_v upon_o the_o whole_a and_o not_o upon_o any_o particular_a man_n which_o be_v poor_a or_o of_o a_o small_a estate_n not_o fit_a to_o bear_v it_o may_v be_v with_o as_o much_o and_o more_o reason_n allow_v and_o cheerful_o submit_v unto_o as_o those_o many_o now_o call_v quit_v rent_n or_o rend_a service_n which_o the_o most_o of_o our_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o other_o not_o for_o some_o few_o of_o they_o do_v yet_o hold_v some_o of_o their_o tenant_n to_o their_o ancient_a and_o reasonable_a custom_n do_v receive_v and_o their_o tenant_n easy_o and_o willing_o pay_v for_o their_o several_a sort_n of_o japola_n gavel_n or_o tribute_n charge_v upon_o their_o land_n before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n in_o kent_n a_o county_n recount_v with_o much_o comfort_n of_o their_o many_o privilege_n and_o beneficial_a custom_n and_o most_o part_n of_o england_n kent_n as_o gavel_n earth_n to_o till_o some_o part_n of_o their_o landlord_n ground_n gavel_n rip_v to_o come_v upon_o summons_n to_o help_v to_o reap_v their_o corn_n gavel_n râ—d_v to_o make_v so_o many_o perch_n of_o hedge_n gavel_n swine_n for_o pawnage_n or_o feed_v their_o swine_n in_o the_o lord_n wood_n gavel_n werk_n which_o be_v either_o manuopera_n by_o the_o person_n of_o the_o tenant_n or_o carropera_n by_o his_o cart_n or_o carriage_n harth-silver_n chimney-money_n or_o peter-pence_n which_o some_o mesne_n lord_n do_v yet_o receive_v be_v gavel_n in_o respect_n of_o wear_v and_o kiddel_n to_o catch_v fish_n pitch_v and_o place_v by_o the_o sea_n coast_n gavel_n noht_fw-mi or_o father_n or_o rend_a 7._o fodder_n which_o do_v signify_v pabulum_fw-la or_o alimentum_fw-la ut_fw-la saxones_n antiqui_fw-la dixerunt_fw-la and_o comprehend_v all_o sort_n of_o victual_n or_o provision_n as_o the_o old_a saxon_n interpret_v it_o for_o the_o lord_n probable_o in_o his_o progress_n or_o pass_v by_o they_o and_o be_v in_o usage_n and_o custom_n in_o the_o time_n of_o charlemaigne_n the_o emperor_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800._o when_o the_o people_n of_o italy_n regi_fw-la venienti_fw-la in_o italiam_fw-la solvere_fw-la tenebantur_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la saepe_fw-la etiam_fw-la aestimata_fw-la pecunia_fw-la pendebatur_fw-la be_v to_o provide_v fodder_n or_o provision_n for_o the_o king_n when_o he_o come_v into_o italy_n in_o lieu_n of_o which_o money_n to_o the_o value_n thereof_o be_v sometime_o pay_v and_o be_v long_o after_o take_v to_o be_v so_o reasonable_a as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o 5._o prince_n and_o nobility_n of_o italy_n acknowledge_v in_o a_o assembly_n to_o be_v inter_v regalia_z as_o a_o prerogative_n due_a to_o the_o king_n and_o after_o the_o conquest_n for_o 116_o aver_n land_n or_o ouver_n land_n carriage_n of_o the_o lord_n corn_n to_o market_n and_o fair_n or_o of_o his_o domestic_a utensil_n say_v the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a mr._n somner_n or_o household_n provision_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o steward_n when_o they_o remove_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o sometime_o by_o horse_n average_n sometime_o by_o foot_n average_n one_o while_o within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o manor_n thence_o call_v in_o average_n and_o at_o other_o time_n without_o and_o then_o call_v out_o average_n whereupon_o such_o tenant_n be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o avermanni_n or_o bermanni_n smith_n land_n hold_v by_o the_o service_n of_o do_v the_o smith_n work_n than_o not_o perform_v of_o which_o several_a service_n so_o annex_v to_o the_o say_v several_a sort_n of_o land_n and_o their_o tenor_n make_v 204._o they_o to_o be_v forfeit_v which_o though_o not_o exchange_v and_o turn_v into_o rent_n regis_fw-la ad_fw-la exemplum_fw-la in_o imitation_n of_o the_o indulgence_n and_o favour_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o to_o the_o tenant_n of_o his_o demean_n land_n either_o then_o or_o short_o after_o but_o many_o of_o they_o as_o appear_z by_o mr._n somner_n continue_v in_o kent_n to_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o other_o to_z edward_z the_o first_o and_o edward_z the_o three_o and_o some_o in_o other_o place_n to_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o and_o in_o all_o or_o many_o of_o the_o abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n until_o their_o dissolution_n in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n and_o leet_n receive_v those_o free_a or_o quit_v rent_n as_o they_o be_v call_v of_o their_o freeholder_n and_o tenant_n belong_v unto_o their_o several_a manor_n in_o lieu_n and_o recompense_n of_o those_o service_n do_v or_o ought_v in_o their_o court_n leet_n twice_o a_o year_n hold_v cause_n to_o be_v present_v and_o punish_v any_o unreasonable_a prize_n for_o provision_n or_o victual_n sell_v in_o market_n &_o fair_n oâ—_n otherwise_o or_o if_o they_o have_v not_o leet_n be_v when_o they_o be_v justice_n of_o peace_n authorize_v to_o do_v it_o and_o by_o that_o until_o their_o interest_n persuade_v they_o to_o let_v their_o tenant_n use_v all_o manner_n of_o deceit_n in_o their_o marketing_n and_o get_v what_o unreasonable_a prize_n they_o please_v so_o as_o they_o themselves_o may_v rack_v their_o rent_n far_o beyond_o former_a age_n may_v have_v have_v their_o provision_n until_o this_o time_n at_o as_o low_a and_o easy_a rate_n as_o the_o king_n provision_n and_o composition_n be_v at_o when_o they_o be_v rate_v and_o set_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n in_o the_o several_a county_n and_o all_o other_o of_o their_o neighbourhood_n may_v also_o have_v enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o like_a rate_n which_o the_o law_n intend_v they_o and_o the_o king_n may_v as_o well_o or_o better_o deserve_v and_o expect_v as_o many_o boon_n or_o other_o service_n as_o the_o nobility_n and_o other_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v notwithstanding_o many_o privilege_n and_o indulgence_n grant_v by_o their_o more_o liberal_a ancestor_n and_o better_o bestow_v their_o bounty_n to_o their_o tenant_n and_o to_o be_v furnish_v with_o cart_n and_o carriage_n at_o easy_a rate_n as_o well_o as_o the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n be_v at_o this_o day_n for_o nothing_o upon_o any_o removal_n from_o belvoir_n castle_n in_o lincolnshire_n to_o haddon_n in_o darbyshire_n and_o elsewhere_o from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o with_o very_a many_o cart_n of_o his_o tenant_n which_o be_v there_o call_v boon_n cart_n when_o as_o all_o lord_n or_o gentleman_n of_o any_o rank_n place_n or_o quality_n in_o the_o kingdom_n do_v take_v it_o to_o be_v no_o burden_n or_o grievance_n to_o their_o
benefit_n receive_v which_o high_o please_v the_o almighty_a and_o be_v lovely_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o all_o man_n which_o be_v not_o only_o enjoy_v but_o hold_v fast_o and_o enforce_v by_o all_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o rich_a sort_n of_o man_n in_o england_n when_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v deny_v as_o the_o service_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o their_o tenant_n to_o grind_v their_o corn_n at_o their_o lord_n mill_n or_o bake_v their_o bread_n at_o his_o common_a oven_n in_o some_o borough_n or_o market_n town_n the_o relief_n in_o tenor_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o chivalry_n fix_v and_o appropriate_a unto_o those_o feud_n and_o tenor_n and_o pay_v at_o the_o death_n of_o every_o tenant_n die_v seize_v be_v at_o the_o first_o never_o condescend_v unto_o by_o the_o tenant_n by_o any_o paction_n or_o stipulation_n betwixt_o they_o and_o their_o lord_n but_o although_o there_o be_v ancient_o and_o original_o betwixt_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n 7._o mutua_fw-la fides_fw-la tuendae_fw-la salutis_fw-la &_o dignitatis_fw-la utriusque_fw-la say_v bodin_n a_o mutual_a obligation_n betwixt_o the_o tenant_n and_o the_o lord_n to_o defend_v one_o another_o estate_n and_o dignity_n or_o as_o craig_n say_v pactionibus_fw-la interpositis_fw-la de_fw-la mutua_fw-la tutela_n upon_o certain_a agreement_n to_o defend_v one_o another_o be_v late_o notwithstanding_o receive_v and_o take_v by_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n as_o a_o gratitude_n and_o in_o that_o and_o no_o other_o respect_n be_v by_o the_o tenant_n willing_o pay_v unto_o they_o the_o relief_n pay_v by_o the_o heir_n of_o freeholder_n in_o socage_n after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o be_v not_o pay_v by_o tenant_n for_o year_n by_o a_o rack_n rent_n do_v appear_v to_o have_v no_o other_o commencement_n but_o in_o signum_fw-la subjectionis_fw-la &_o gratitudinis_fw-la a_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n for_o benefit_n receive_v or_o those_o duty_n &_o payment_n which_o many_o lord_n and_o gentry_n do_v enjoy_v in_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o many_o of_o the_o other_o northern_a county_n which_o be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o by_o any_o original_a contract_n or_o agreement_n as_o to_o their_o tenant_n particular_a service_n for_o so_o it_o can_v not_o be_v a_o custom_n but_o the_o tenant_n at_o the_o first_o upon_o the_o only_a reason_n of_o gratitude_n until_o it_o have_v by_o length_n of_o time_n and_o usage_n uninterrupted_a gain_v the_o force_n of_o a_o custom_n and_o that_o the_o succeed_a heir_n and_o tenant_n be_v admit_v according_a to_o those_o custom_n do_v as_o willing_o observe_v and_o acknowledge_v they_o the_o fine_n incertain_a at_o the_o will_n of_o several_a lord_n which_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o other_o part_n of_o england_n do_v receive_v and_o take_v of_o their_o copyhold_n tenant_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n if_o not_o pay_v in_o a_o reasonable_a time_n after_o they_o be_v assess_v and_o the_o privilege_n which_o they_o retain_v of_o seize_v their_o tenant_n copyhold_n land_n as_o forfeit_v whether_o the_o fine_n be_v certain_a or_o incertain_a if_o they_o sue_v replevin_n against_o they_o distrain_v for_o their_o rent_n or_o service_n and_o have_v no_o other_o parent_n or_o original_a until_o custom_n have_v settle_v it_o then_o the_o tenant_n grateful_a acknowledgement_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o ancestor_n former_a kindess_n and_o benefit_n bestow_v upon_o they_o or_o their_o progenitor_n and_o the_o socage_n land_n and_o freeholder_n may_v be_v tally_v or_o have_v a_o tax_v lay_v upon_o they_o by_o their_o lord_n at_o their_o will_n and_o pleasure_n as_o their_o necessity_n or_o occasion_n require_v as_o well_o before_o as_o after_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la make_v betwixt_o the_o year_n 25_o &_o 34_o ed._n 1._o and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o not_o a_o charter_n can_v bind_v only_o the_o king_n as_o to_o his_o extraordinary_a but_o not_o to_o his_o legal_a tallage_n until_o custom_n by_o the_o kindness_n or_o favour_n of_o time_n and_o the_o courtesy_n and_o good_a will_n of_o their_o lord_n do_v permit_v they_o by_o a_o desuetude_n of_o impose_v and_o a_o well_o rellish_v custom_n of_o the_o tenant_n not_o pay_v to_o enjoy_v their_o easy_a and_o cheap_a bargain_n and_o freedom_n of_o their_o land_n for_o which_o they_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o remember_v better_a than_o they_o do_v their_o benefactor_n and_o be_v more_o mannerly_a and_o grateful_a then_o of_o late_o they_o have_v be_v and_o be_v before_o those_o indulgency_n hold_v to_o be_v so_o accustom_v and_o usual_a as_o it_o be_v not_o seldom_o find_v by_o inquisition_n and_o jury_n upon_o oath_n that_o such_o or_o such_o land_n be_v hold_v et_fw-la talliari_fw-la potest_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o may_v have_v tax_n or_o a_o great_a rent_n lay_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n in_o so_o much_o as_o the_o king_n demean_v land_n be_v not_o free_a from_o tallage_n which_o will_v be_v evident_a enough_o by_o a_o presentment_n of_o a_o jury_n of_o nottinghamshire_n before_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n in_o anno_fw-la 8_o e._n 1._o or_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n of_o a_o grant_n of_o the_o town_n of_o retford_n to_o the_o burgess_n thereof_o and_o their_o heir_n in_o fee_n farm_n be_v find_v and_o mention_v in_o these_o word_n viz._n scacarâ—i_fw-la edwardus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la nos_fw-la concessisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n burgensibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la de_fw-la retford_n quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la haeredes_fw-la de_fw-la cetero_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la ad_fw-la feodi_fw-la firmam_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la villam_fw-la nostram_fw-la de_fw-la retford_n cum_fw-la pertnen_fw-la reddendo_fw-la inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la per_fw-la manus_fw-la svas_fw-la proprias_fw-la decem_fw-la libras_fw-la per_fw-la annum_fw-la ad_fw-la scaccarium_n nostrum_fw-la ad_fw-la festum_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la pro_fw-la omnibus_fw-la serviciis_fw-la etc._n etc._n salvo_n inde_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la tallagio_n nostro_fw-la cum_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o haeredes_fw-la nostris_fw-la dominica_n nostra_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la fecimus_fw-la talliari_fw-la etc._n etc._n reserve_v to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n a_o fee_n farm_n rend_v of_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o power_n of_o tax_n or_o tallage_n or_o improve_n what_o he_o have_v grant_v unto_o they_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v a_o tax_n or_o tallage_n upon_o all_o his_o demesne_n land_n in_o england_n and_o until_o rent_n be_v rack_v of_o which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o officer_n of_o their_o revenue_n in_o land_n be_v seldom_o or_o never_o yet_o much_o guilty_a &_o that_o rent_n be_v improve_v as_o high_a as_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n except_o the_o copyhold_n &_o customary_a land_n by_o fine_n certain_a &_o the_o courtesy_n of_o time_n and_o their_o landlord_n suffer_v their_o good_a will_n and_o charity_n to_o be_v reduce_v into_o thankless_a custom_n escape_v it_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v make_v contributaries_n to_o many_o of_o the_o necessity_n or_o occasion_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n who_o former_o do_v not_o make_v lease_n and_o take_v fine_n to_o lessen_v the_o rent_n as_o they_o do_v now_o by_o a_o high_a rate_n or_o rule_v of_o interest_n and_o disadvantage_n procure_v their_o rent_n to_o be_v advance_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o fine_a before_o hand_n nor_o if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n until_o time_n and_o their_o prince_n favour_n have_v disuse_v it_o can_v make_v a_o lease_n unto_o any_o tenant_n of_o such_o land_n but_o by_o licence_n and_o then_o also_o for_o no_o long_o a_o term_n then_o 3._o or_o 7._o year_n and_o their_o land_n and_o rent_n except_o capite_fw-la and_o knight-service_n and_o copyhold_n land_n and_o land_n in_o frank_n almoigne_z be_v capable_a of_o no_o high_a rent_n or_o improvement_n can_v now_o be_v any_o more_o by_o they_o tally_v which_o in_o effect_n be_v but_o a_o call_n for_o more_o rent_n or_o raise_v it_o which_o every_o landlord_n may_v do_v where_o his_o tenant_n be_v at_o will_n or_o when_o their_o lease_n be_v expire_v when_o they_o be_v now_o all_o but_o those_o land_n before_o except_v as_o to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o mesne_fw-la lord_n and_o the_o land_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o cop_z holder_n at_o the_o utmost_a or_o a_o very_a high_a rent_n and_o such_o tallage_n be_v at_o this_o day_n not_o lay_v aside_o by_o our_o neighbour_n of_o france_n 1661._o in_o very_a many_o place_n be_v les_fw-fr tailles_fw-fr se_fw-fr paient_fw-fr par_fw-fr ceuz_fw-fr du_fw-fr tiers_n estate_n c'est_fw-mi a_o dire_fw-fr par_fw-fr les_fw-fr habitans_fw-la
and_o the_o great_a of_o custom_n because_o it_o be_v not_o gain_v as_o most_o of_o the_o people_n custom_n or_o prescription_n be_v the_o best_a of_o which_o have_v no_o other_o original_n than_o the_o continuance_n of_o favour_n of_o those_o that_o bestow_v and_o permit_v they_o to_o be_v enjoy_v or_o a_o neglect_n of_o take_v or_o call_v for_o duty_n until_o time_n have_v overrun_v and_o cover_v they_o with_o that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v a_o custom_n or_o prescription_n but_o be_v establish_v by_o a_o threefold_a obligation_n compose_v of_o a_o right_n or_o duty_n a_o very_a ancient_a custom_n back_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n nature_n and_o nation_n and_o a_o contract_n make_v and_o continue_v by_o the_o people_n to_o their_o king_n build_v upon_o the_o best_a and_o great_a of_o consideration_n which_o the_o prophet_n david_n in_o the_o 15_o psalm_n if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v beneficial_a but_o to_o some_o loss_n or_o damage_n advise_v not_o to_o be_v break_v and_o merit_v the_o good_a observance_n in_o that_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v but_o the_o year_n before_o call_v into_o her_o mint_n and_o reduce_v unto_o pure_a silver_n the_o money_n which_o her_o father_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o have_v so_o much_o debase_v with_o a_o mixture_n of_o brass_n as_o it_o be_v scarce_o half_a the_o value_n in_o silver_n which_o make_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n so_o much_o or_o a_o great_a deal_n the_o dear_a 1560._o and_o by_o her_o edict_n do_v all_o she_o can_v to_o bring_v down_o the_o price_n in_o the_o market_n which_o then_o begin_v to_o swell_v more_o than_o there_o be_v any_o cause_n for_o and_o in_o her_o composition_n and_o agreement_n with_o many_o or_o most_o of_o the_o county_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n the_o next_o year_n after_o do_v but_o accept_v of_o what_o then_o they_o understand_v might_n as_o the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a mr._n camden_n have_v inform_v we_o justo_fw-la pretio_fw-la at_o a_o reasonable_a or_o market_n rate_v be_v well_o afford_v and_o the_o lord_n of_o manor_n who_o according_a to_o the_o several_a custom_n thereof_o think_v it_o not_o unreasonable_a to_o enjoy_v their_o chevagia_n or_o chiefage_n which_o cowel_n take_v to_o be_v pecunia_fw-la annuâ—_n data_fw-la potentiori_fw-la tutelae_fw-la patrociniique_fw-la gratia_fw-la a_o small_a yearly_a payment_n pay_v by_o tenant_n as_o acknowledgement_n for_o favour_n and_o help_v receive_v or_o to_o be_v receive_v and_o take_v their_o relief_n of_o their_o tenant_n in_o socage_n in_o some_o place_n by_o custom_n a_o year_n value_n and_o in_o some_o but_o half_a as_o much_o and_o in_o other_o more_o according_a as_o their_o custom_n vary_v the_o least_o of_o which_o in_o value_n of_o money_n do_v twice_o exceed_v what_o it_o amount_v unto_o former_o &_o enjoy_v their_o free_a warren_n and_o fishing_n with_o many_o other_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n by_o grant_n or_o prescription_n and_o with_o the_o yeomanry_n and_o low_a rank_n of_o people_n can_v be_v content_a to_o claim_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o custom_n de_fw-fr non_fw-la decimando_fw-la of_o pay_v no_o tithe_n at_o all_o for_o land_n former_o belong_v to_o the_o cistercian_n knight_n templar_n hospitler_n or_o knight_n of_o st._n john_n of_o jerusalem_n or_o of_o a_o modus_fw-la decimandi_fw-la of_o pay_v but_o a_o penny_n or_o some_o little_a yearly_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o lieu_n of_o all_o tithe_n and_o make_v a_o inheritance_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o 3845_o impropriation_n with_o the_o smoke-penny_n or_o peter_n or_o chimney_n penny_n 77._o which_o be_v former_o pay_v unto_o some_o abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n and_o come_v afterward_o to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o grant_v out_o again_o by_o he_o be_v in_o many_o place_n as_o appendant_o unto_o some_o manor_n pay_v unto_o this_o day_n and_o think_v it_o no_o grievance_n to_o enjoy_v they_o and_o many_o other_o privilege_n which_o whereby_o grant_n or_o exemption_n by_o papal_a constitution_n design_v to_o religious_a and_o not_o any_o lay_v use_n and_o the_o customary_a service_n of_o their_o tenant_n to_o repair_v way_n and_o bridge_n contribute_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o priest_n or_o preacher_n or_o to_o the_o marriage_n of_o poor_a maid_n or_o to_o carry_v millstone_n some_o mile_n distant_a to_o their_o milnes_n to_o do_v suit_n of_o court_n or_o be_v butler_n baker_n or_o carver_n at_o some_o festival_n and_o can_v notwithstanding_o all_o the_o sometime_o tedious_a suit_n in_o law_n of_o their_o tenant_n who_o hold_v by_o fines_n incertain_a and_o their_o complaint_n cram_v in_o a_o great_a purse_n make_v of_o many_o little_a one_o attend_v with_o staff_n and_o ill-smelling_a shoe_n and_o foot_n travail_v for_o relief_n to_o westminster_n hall_n and_o the_o superior_a court_n of_o justice_n with_o store_n of_o out-cry_n of_o grievance_n and_o oppression_n fill_v every_o alehouse_n they_o come_v in_o with_o the_o lamentable_a tedious_o tell_v story_n of_o that_o which_o they_o do_v many_o time_n but_o guess_n to_o be_v like_o they_o raise_v their_o fine_n for_o admittance_n unto_o two_o year_n present_a value_n which_o amount_v unto_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o time_n as_o much_o as_o the_o ancient_a value_n and_o demand_v and_o take_v ten_o or_o thirteen_o shilling_n a_o acre_n to_o reduce_v the_o fine_n incertain_a to_o a_o small_a certainty_n can_v take_v the_o optimum_fw-la animal_n â—9_z or_o best_a horse_n or_o beast_n for_o a_o herriot_n at_o the_o death_n of_o their_o tenant_n when_o it_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o as_o much_o as_o 40_o or_o 50_o or_o 100_o to_o one_o of_o what_o it_o be_v at_o the_o conquest_n when_o it_o be_v reduce_v from_o a_o great_a to_o that_o lesser_a rate_n and_o within_o a_o month_n or_o less_o after_o take_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v get_v for_o a_o admittance_n of_o the_o widow_n or_o heir_n of_o the_o decease_a which_o in_o copyhold_n estate_n differ_v very_o little_a from_o a_o relief_n and_o in_o some_o place_n as_o in_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o some_o adjacent_a northern_a county_n compel_v they_o beside_o their_o former_o perilous_a enjoin_v service_n annex_v to_o their_o land_n to_o be_v ready_a night_n or_o day_n to_o repel_v the_o incursion_n of_o their_o plunder_v and_o unruly_a scottish_a neighbour_n to_o pay_v a_o thirty_o penny_n after_o the_o rate_n or_o assize_n of_o their_o old_a rent_n upon_o every_o alienation_n and_o a_o twenty_o upon_o the_o death_n or_o change_n of_o a_o landlord_n which_o be_v former_o more_o easy_a and_o have_v be_v since_o only_o raise_v to_o those_o high_a rate_n in_o regard_n of_o a_o great_a value_n since_o put_v upon_o land_n household_n provision_n and_o commodity_n shall_v not_o murmur_v at_o the_o small_a oblation_n which_o in_o no_o burdensome_a great_a or_o general_a contribution_n be_v to_o be_v make_v unto_o the_o king_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o royal_a family_n and_o the_o copiholder_n who_o can_v when_o they_o please_v think_v themselves_o happy_a in_o their_o custom_n of_o fine_n certain_a which_o patientia_fw-la &_o charitate_fw-la in_o jus_o transiâ—runt_fw-la creep_v by_o the_o charity_n and_o sufferance_n of_o their_o landlord_n into_o that_o which_o they_o do_v now_o call_v tenant_n right_n when_o as_o the_o land_n which_o they_o do_v now_o hold_v be_v in_o the_o improve_v yearly_a value_n ten_o or_o sixteen_o or_o twenty_o time_n in_o many_o place_n more_o than_o the_o former_a yearly_a value_n and_o be_v by_o so_o much_o beyond_o the_o intention_n either_o of_o the_o lord_n or_o tenant_n the_o grantor_n or_o grantee_n when_o those_o fine_n certain_a be_v at_o the_o first_o set_v or_o accept_v and_o in_o those_o tenant_n right_n as_o they_o call_v they_o and_o many_o of_o their_o custom_n have_v in_o many_o place_n large_a pasture_n and_o meadow_n of_o many_o acre_n yearly_o throw_v out_o at_o midsummer_n or_o the_o first_o day_n of_o august_n or_o some_o other_o time_n in_o the_o summer_n or_o latter_a end_n thereof_o for_o a_o township_n to_o inter_v common_a for_o three_o quarter_n of_o every_o year_n or_o some_o month_n and_o in_o some_o place_n have_v common_a belong_v to_o their_o copyhold_n for_o pay_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n yearly_o as_o in_o gray_n case_n in_o hil._n 37_o eliz._n a_o hen_n &_o five_o egg_n report_n much_o increase_v in_o price_n since_o that_o collateral_a recompense_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o case_n resolve_v to_o be_v be_v first_o take_v continue_v and_o preserve_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o care_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o law_n by_o inquiry_n former_o in_o the_o eyres_n or_o circuit_n de_fw-fr novis_fw-la consuetudinibus_fw-la levatis_fw-la if_o any_o oppression_n or_o new_a custom_n be_v impose_v by_o their_o lord_n and_o no_o soon_o complain_v
for_o murage_n or_o repair_v of_o the_o wall_n of_o town_n as_o ipswich_n harwich_n 5._o newcastle_n upon_o tine_n ludlow_n etc._n etc._n or_o city_n as_o london_n norwich_n york_n bristol_n etc._n etc._n which_o must_v of_o necessity_n raise_v the_o rate_n of_o commodity_n bring_v thither_o to_o be_v sell_v and_o by_o the_o same_o power_n or_o authority_n remit_v or_o release_v they_o and_o be_v grant_v to_o many_o city_n or_o town_n but_o for_o three_o of_o seven_o year_n or_o as_o to_o london_n for_o five_o year_n or_o some_o other_o short_a term_n since_o expire_v be_v as_o may_v be_v fear_v under_o a_o colour_n of_o custom_n or_o praescription_n as_o yet_o continue_v or_o be_v sovereign_a of_o the_o british_a sea_n to_o take_v weekly_o for_o all_o herring_n take_v therein_o six_o penny_n for_o every_o tun_n and_o the_o like_a for_o other_o fish_n every_o three_o week_n either_o of_o his_o own_o subject_n or_o foreign_a nation_n clausum_fw-la or_o for_o his_o admiral_n under_o he_o to_o take_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o the_o prize_n or_o ship_n of_o his_o enemy_n take_v at_o the_o sea_n and_o money_n for_o anchorage_n pay_v by_o every_o ship_n for_o their_o quiet_a ride_v in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n or_o any_o of_o the_o king_n harbour_n and_o with_o as_o good_a reason_n as_o the_o burrow_n mealis_fw-la in_o scotland_n where_o quilibet_fw-la burgensis_n debet_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la pro_fw-la burgagio_fw-it quinque_fw-la denarios_fw-la annuatim_fw-la &_o dicuntur_fw-la incorporari_fw-la mealis_fw-la annexique_fw-la fisco_fw-la &_o patrimonio_fw-la regis_fw-la every_o burgess_n be_v to_o pay_v five_o penny_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o his_o mealis_fw-la which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n interpret_v to_o be_v a_o farm_n appropriate_v to_o buy_v provision_n in_o regiae_fw-la mensae_fw-la apparatum_fw-la for_o the_o king_n table_n or_o household_n and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v incorporate_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o exchequer_n 39_o or_o as_o the_o provost_n of_o edinburgh_n or_o other_o borough_n town_n in_o scotland_n may_v take_v and_o receive_v four_o penny_n upon_o every_o quarter_n of_o malt_n of_o ilk_fw-mi brewster_n quhe_n brew_v aill_n all_o the_o zeir_n four_o penny_n and_o for_o â—ne_a half_a zeir_n twâ—_n penny_n as_o the_o appriser_n of_o flesh_n be_v appoint_v to_o apprise_n it_o at_o the_o king_n price_n ilk_fw-mi day_n of_o the_o market_n and_o to_o admit_v the_o eath_n of_o the_o â—â—sâ—er_n in_o that_o matter_n 13â—7_n and_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o king_n david_n the_o second_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o for_o relief_n of_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n quhair_n will_v hes_z course_n and_o quhilk_n be_v burden_v with_o custom_n and_o that_o the_o remanent_fw-la part_n of_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v make_v equal_a with_o they_o in_o all_o service_n and_o burding_n it_o be_v statute_n that_o certain_a sum_n and_o quantity_n of_o victual_n quhareof_o there_o be_v abundance_n in_o these_o utward_a part_n sick_a as_o mart_n beir_n and_o sicklike_a shall_v be_v take_v up_o zeir_o at_o the_o chamberlain_n command_v to_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o king_n house_n according_a to_o the_o price_n quihilk_fw-mi in_o old_a time_n use_v to_o be_v take_v up_o in_o these_o place_n 1551._o queen_n marry_o the_o lord_n governor_n and_o lord_n of_o secret_a counsel_n havand_a respect_n to_o the_o great_a and_o exorbitant_a dearth_n rise_v upon_o the_o will_n and_o tâ—me_v fowl_n ordain_v the_o price_n thereof_o as_o 5_o s._n scottish_n the_o swan_n the_o black_a cock_n and_o gray_a hen_n six_o penny_n twenty_o of_o their_o penny_n be_v but_o two_o penny_n the_o woodcock_n four_o penny_n and_o the_o dousâ—n_o of_o laverock_n and_o uther_n small_a bird_n four_o penny_n etc._n etc._n and_o by_o as_o good_a reason_n as_o king_n james_n the_o six_o his_o majesty_n grandfather_n confirm_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v by_o his_o noble_a progenitor_n for_o the_o staunch_a of_o dearth_n of_o victual_n 1581._o and_o set_v order_n and_o price_n on_o all_o stuff_n and_o ordain_v all_o earl_n lord_n baron_n as_o well_o within_o regality_n as_o royalty_n and_o their_o baille_n to_o landwart_v and_o the_o proveste_n and_o bailles_n of_o all_o bâ—rrows_n and_o city_n to_o cause_v the_o say_a act_n to_o be_v put_v to_o due_a execution_n every_o one_fw-mi within_o their_o bound_n and_o jurisdiction_n respective_a makand_fw-mi and_o constitutand_v they_o justice_n to_o that_o effect_n with_o power_n to_o make_v and_o appoint_v statute_n and_o ordinance_n for_o the_o special_a observation_n of_o the_o saidis_fw-la act_n at_o every_o head_n court_n zier_o assign_v money_n and_o victual_n of_o several_a shire_n and_o place_n in_o scotland_n 1585._o to_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o edinburgh_n dunbartane_a strivilinge_n and_o blacknes_n declare_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o herring_n take_v in_o the_o scottish_a sea_n to_o be_v due_a unto_o he_o as_o king_n of_o scotland_n and_o all_o infestment_n and_o alienation_n in_o few_o farm_n or_o utherwaies_o and_o all_o disposition_n quhatsumever_o in_o all_o time_n bygane_n and_o to_o cum_fw-la six_o of_o the_o assize_n herring_n to_o be_v nil_fw-la and_o of_o no_o avail_n because_o the_o say_a assize_n herring_n pertanis_fw-la to_o the_o king_n as_o one_fw-mi part_n of_o his_o custom_n and_o annex_v property_n and_o by_o as_o much_o or_o a_o great_a warrant_v or_o assent_v of_o reason_n as_o king_n henry_n the_o 5._o of_o england_n do_v in_o a_o patent_n or_o grant_v of_o the_o lord_n lieutenancy_n of_o ireland_n to_o james_n de_fw-fr boteler_n earl_n of_o ormond_n authorise_v he_o ad_fw-la victualia_fw-la sufficientia_fw-la &_o necessaria_fw-la pro_fw-la expensis_fw-la hospiâ—ii_fw-la svi_fw-la ac_fw-la soldariorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la in_o quocunque_fw-la loco_fw-la infra_fw-la terram_fw-la predictam_fw-la per_fw-la provisores_fw-la hospitii_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o alios_fw-la ministrossuos_fw-la unacum_fw-la cariagio_fw-it suâ—ficienti_fw-la 9_o pro_fw-la eisdem_fw-la tam_fw-la inâ—ra_fw-la libertates_fw-la quam_fw-la extra_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesie_n duntaxat_fw-la excepto_fw-la pro_fw-la denariis_fw-la suis_fw-la rationabiliter_fw-la solvend_fw-mi capere_fw-la &_o providere_fw-la juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la diversorum_fw-la statutorum_fw-la de_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la provisionibus_fw-la ante_fw-la haec_fw-la tempora_fw-la factorum_fw-la to_o take_v victual_n sufficient_a and_o necessary_a for_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o household_n and_o his_o soldier_n by_o his_o pourveyor_n and_o other_o minister_n in_o any_o place_n whatsoever_o in_o ireland_n with_o carriage_n sufficient_a for_o the_o same_o as_o well_o within_o liberty_n as_o without_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o church_n only_o except_v at_o reasonable_a prize_n according_a to_o divers_a statute_n make_v concern_v provision_n and_o be_v so_o well_o ground_v upon_o law_n and_o reason_n as_o all_o the_o succeed_a lord_n lieutenant_n or_o deputy_n of_o ireland_n have_v ever_o since_o not_o want_v those_o necessary_a privilege_n to_o attend_v their_o high_a &_o honourable_a trust_n &_o employment_n &_o can_v so_o little_o be_v part_v with_o in_o the_o 19_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n 1576._o when_o sir_n henry_n sidney_n be_v deputy_n of_o ireland_n as_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n the_o viscount_n baltinglas_n &_o other_o unquiet_a spirit_n refuse_v to_o pay_v the_o provision_n or_o cease_v as_o they_o there_o call_v it_o for_o the_o lord_n deputy_n house_n &_o the_o soldier_n in_o garrison_n which_o the_o learned_a camden_n say_v be_v exactio_fw-la rei_fw-la annonariae_fw-la certo_fw-la pretio_fw-la provision_n to_o be_v furnish_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n or_o price_n ad_fw-la alendum_fw-la proregis_fw-la familiam_fw-la militesque_fw-la praesidiarios_fw-la for_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n or_o deputy_n family_n &_o the_o soldier_n in_o garrison_n quasi_fw-la non_fw-la exigenda_fw-la nisi_fw-la ex_fw-la authoritate_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la as_o not_o due_a unless_o it_o be_v ordain_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n &_o send_v over_o their_o complaint_n into_o england_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n upon_o the_o hear_n &_o bate_v thereof_o commit_v they_o and_o those_o which_o remain_v in_o ireland_n and_o have_v send_v they_o be_v in_o like_a manner_n imprison_v until_o they_o shall_v submit_v to_o the_o payment_n and_o furnish_n thereof_o for_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o be_v antiquitus_fw-la institutum_fw-la a_o ancient_a constitution_n &_o jus_o quoddam_fw-la majestatis_fw-la a_o part_n of_o the_o right_n appertain_v to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n praeeminence_n or_o kingly_a prerogative_n quae_fw-la legibus_fw-la non_fw-la subjicitur_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la legibus_fw-la adversatur_fw-la ut_fw-la jurisprudentes_fw-la judicarunt_fw-la which_o be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n be_v not_o to_o be_v subject_v to_o they_o say_v that_o worthy_a historian_n the_o queen_n then_o only_o order_v the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o use_v as_o much_o moderation_n as_o he_o can_v in_o take_v those_o provision_n or_o pourveyance_n and_o as_o
weep_v for_o he_o that_o be_v in_o trouble_n and_o sit_v chief_a and_o dwell_v as_o a_o king_n 29._o in_o the_o army_n as_o one_o that_o comfort_v the_o mourner_n the_o ear_n that_o hear_v he_o bless_v he_o and_o the_o eye_n that_o see_v he_o give_v witness_v to_o he_o when_o man_n give_v care_n and_o wait_v and_o keep_v silence_n at_o his_o counsel_n although_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v now_o some_o of_o the_o gentry_n more_o learned_a &_o accomplish_v then_o in_o former_a age_n and_o may_v equal_v or_o go_v beyond_o their_o worthy_a and_o honourable_a ancestor_n if_o they_o will_v but_o imitate_v their_o alms-deed_n and_o hospitality_n and_o not_o permit_v their_o great_a expense_n in_o matter_n less_o warrantable_a and_o laudable_a to_o make_v and_o enforce_v a_o avarice_n or_o rubiginem_fw-la animarum_fw-la canker_n or_o rust_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o hinder_v or_o keep_v they_o from_o it_o and_o gentleman_n be_v not_o then_o as_o too_o many_o now_o be_v the_o fool_n of_o the_o parish_n and_o so_o little_o value_v as_o they_o be_v now_o when_o too_o many_o of_o they_o may_v be_v beat_v and_o kick_v in_o the_o market-place_n in_o the_o view_n and_o sight_n of_o their_o over-racked_n and_o disoblige_v tenant_n piget_fw-la &_o pudet_fw-la dicere_fw-la i_o will_v there_o be_v no_o cause_n or_o occasion_n to_o speak_v it_o and_o with_o their_o few_o attendant_n of_o sycophant_n pimp_n and_o footboy_n be_v as_o little_a help_v or_o regard_v by_o the_o common_a people_n as_o a_o ridiculous_a pride_n and_o a_o large_a and_o wasteful_a retinue_n of_o sin_n and_o folly_n ought_v to_o be_v but_o keep_v great_a hospitality_n and_o be_v heretofore_o in_o their_o house_n in_o the_o country_n as_o the_o dii_fw-la tutelares_fw-la of_o the_o poor_a or_o such_o as_o be_v in_o any_o want_n or_o necessity_n the_o city_n of_o refuge_n in_o all_o their_o distress_n the_o esculapius_n temple_n for_o wholesome_a or_o honest_a medicament_n or_o unmercinary_a cure_n of_o wound_n and_o disease_n which_o the_o good_a lady_n and_o gentlewoman_n their_o wife_n or_o daughter_n be_v then_o well_o practise_v in_o and_o have_v great_a respect_n and_o reverence_n pay_v unto_o they_o for_o it_o and_o see_v how_o little_a be_v now_o do_v in_o any_o of_o those_o kind_n if_o he_o have_v any_o fear_n of_o god_n or_o care_n of_o goodness_n love_n or_o respect_n to_o his_o country_n and_o posterity_n forbear_v a_o bewail_v of_o the_o ruin_n and_o decay_v of_o the_o morality_n virtue_n and_o honour_n of_o england_n and_o wonder_v how_o that_o only_a remain_a relic_n of_o our_o forefather_n magnanimity_n and_o virtue_n that_o seed_n plot_n of_o love_n and_o good_a will_n which_o the_o angel_n in_o their_o song_n and_o rejoice_v at_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o jesus_n and_o redeemer_n proclaim_v to_o be_v a_o blessing_n that_o seminary_n of_o reverence_n honour_n and_o respect_n that_o ligament_n and_o tie_n betwixt_o the_o inferior_n and_o superior_n that_o incitement_n and_o encouragement_n to_o reciprocation_n of_o love_n and_o duty_n and_o that_o heretofore_o so_o famous_a and_o well_o employ_v strength_n and_o power_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n shall_v be_v disuse_v and_o lay_v side_n and_o that_o those_o laudable_a pious_a and_o honourable_a action_n of_o hospitality_n and_o charity_n in_o which_o our_o king_n of_o england_n so_o much_o delight_v and_o by_o a_o solemn_a and_o thrice_o repeat_v cry_n or_o proclamation_n make_v by_o one_o of_o the_o herald_n of_o a_o largesse_n a_o largesse_n at_o the_o creation_n of_o every_o baron_n earl_n or_o duke_n be_v as_o the_o cry_n or_o joy_n of_o the_o harvest_n mention_v in_o the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o at_o st._n george_n feast_n do_v put_v the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n in_o mind_n to_o do_v the_o like_a in_o their_o several_a orb_n and_o station_n shall_v be_v now_o restrain_v by_o the_o want_n of_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o it_o or_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o endeavour_n to_o decay_v and_o hinder_v it_o at_o the_o fountain_n or_o well_o head_n by_o stop_v the_o pleasant_a and_o refresh_a water_n which_o glad_v our_o zion_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o and_o make_v it_o to_o be_v the_o terror_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n round_o about_o we_o or_o that_o any_o shall_v think_v it_o to_o be_v for_o the_o good_a and_o honour_n of_o england_n to_o lessen_v that_o hospitality_n and_o plenty_n in_o the_o king_n house_n or_o court_n which_o be_v so_o please_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o humour_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n have_v gain_v the_o king_n of_o england_n so_o much_o love_n at_o home_n and_o honour_n abroad_o maintain_v so_o fair_a a_o correspondency_n and_o intelligence_n betwixt_o the_o court_n and_o ministry_n and_o relieve_v the_o poor_a and_o needy_a the_o widow_n and_o the_o fatherless_a and_o be_v so_o essential_a and_o proper_a to_o majesty_n as_o david_n when_o he_o offer_v sacrifice_n unto_o the_o lord_n after_o the_o bring_n back_o of_o the_o ark_n 6._o do_v give_v to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o people_n man_n and_o woman_n a_o cake_n of_o bread_n a_o good_a piece_n of_o flesh_n and_o a_o flagon_n of_o wine_n and_o so_o customary_a as_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o think_v themselves_o secure_a in_o the_o good_a will_n &_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n without_o their_o epulae_fw-la and_o public_a feast_n and_o caress_n of_o the_o people_n 2._o which_o julius_n caesar_z nor_o his_o successor_n augustus_n will_v not_o adventure_v to_o omit_v nor_o domitian_n and_o severus_n who_o give_v oil_n wine_n and_o other_o necessary_a provision_n a_o fin_n parlement_n as_o lois_fw-fr d'_fw-fr orleans_n right_o understand_v it_o do_v concily_a l'_fw-fr amour_fw-fr de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr subject_n quill_n prenoient_fw-fr par_fw-fr lebouchâ—_n to_o procure_v the_o love_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v take_v by_o the_o mouth_n and_o be_v so_o customary_a in_o france_n as_o well_o as_o england_n as_o at_o a_o great_a solemnity_n there_o after_o that_o our_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o have_v espouse_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o france_n and_o the_o people_n of_o paris_n in_o great_a number_n go_v unto_o the_o lovure_n to_o see_v the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n sit_v at_o meat_n together_o with_o their_o crown_n upon_o their_o head_n but_o be_v dismiss_v without_o a_o invitation_n to_o eat_v or_o drink_v by_o some_o of_o the_o officer_n or_o master_n of_o the_o household_n as_o they_o be_v accustom_v they_o murmur_v exceed_o for_o that_o when_o they_o come_v to_o such_o grand_a solemnity_n at_o the_o king_n of_o frances_n court_n they_o use_v to_o have_v meat_n and_o drink_v give_v they_o in_o great_a plenty_n 2.62_o and_o those_o which_o will_v sit_v at_o meat_n be_v by_o the_o king_n officer_n most_o abundant_o serve_v with_o wine_n and_o victual_n and_o at_o extraordinary_a feast_n as_o that_o at_o the_o marriage_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o of_o england_n and_o the_o lady_n katherine_n daughter_n of_o charles_n the_o six_o king_n of_o france_n have_v table_n furnish_v with_o victual_n set_v in_o the_o street_n where_o they_o which_o will_v may_v sit_v and_o eat_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n as_o be_v afterward_o also_o do_v at_o amiens_n at_o the_o interview_n of_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o of_o france_n and_o edward_n the_o four_o of_o england_n and_o be_v there_o in_o those_o day_n most_o laudable_o use_v a_o fin_n dâ—_n unir_fw-fr le_fw-fr peuple_fw-fr au_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o les_fw-fr pieds_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr testae_fw-la pur_fw-mi affirmir_v le_fw-fr corpse_n politic_a &_o le_fw-fr liar_n par_fw-fr une_fw-fr gracieuse_fw-fr voire_fw-fr necessaire_fw-fr correspondence_n to_o the_o end_n to_o fasten_v the_o people_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o the_o foot_n unto_o the_o head_n to_o strengthen_v the_o body_n politic_a and_o unite_v all_o the_o part_n thereof_o by_o a_o love_a and_o necessary_a compliance_n and_o be_v a_o usage_n so_o well_o entertain_v in_o other_o nation_n histor._n as_o the_o tartar_n and_o laplander_n will_v not_o be_v without_o it_o and_o the_o grecian_n think_v themselves_o dishonour_v if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a care_n to_o entertain_v stranger_n of_o free_a cost_n insomuch_o as_o a_o law_n be_v make_v among_o the_o lucani_n to_o punish_v such_o as_o take_v not_o a_o care_n of_o they_o and_o the_o swede_n and_o goth_n esteem_v it_o to_o be_v so_o great_a a_o unworthines_n not_o to_o do_v it_o as_o they_o do_v by_o a_o law_n ordain_v that_o whosoever_o deny_v lodging_n or_o entertainment_n to_o any_o stranger_n and_o be_v by_o witness_n convict_v to_o have_v thrice_o offend_v in_o that_o kind_a his_o house_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v 2._o those_o or_o the_o like_a kind_n and_o charitable_a custom_n have_v so_o creep_v through_o the_o cranny_n of_o humane_a
quondam_a protector_n and_o whether_o the_o turn_n of_o their_o freedom_n into_o a_o slavery_n and_o the_o entreat_v of_o he_o by_o that_o which_o by_o a_o dream_a authority_n of_o parliament_n they_o call_v the_o petition_n and_o advice_n to_o accept_v oâ—_n ten_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o be_v charge_v upon_o the_o people_n without_o a_o land_n tax_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o navy_n ten_o thousand_o horse_n and_o dragoon_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o foot_n to_o keep_v they_o and_o their_o posterity_n in_o sin_n and_o slavery_n with_o such_o other_o supply_v as_o shall_v be_v needful_a to_o be_v raise_v from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n to_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o support_n of_o his_o arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a government_n be_v less_o trouble_n and_o charge_n than_o the_o king_n tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o by_o knight_n service_n and_o his_o composition_n for_o pourveyance_n the_o great_a yearly_a profit_n by_o the_o tenor_n in_o what_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n not_o amount_v unto_o above_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o pourveyance_n which_o save_v the_o king_n in_o his_o household_n expense_n above_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la not_o charge_v the_o people_n in_o these_o late_a time_n of_o enhance_v of_o price_n above_o sixty_o five_o thou-pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la who_o when_o they_o shall_v have_v pay_v double_a or_o treble_v more_o than_o the_o excise_n be_v rate_v at_o by_o colour_n of_o the_o excise_n which_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n give_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n in_o supplement_n of_o his_o exhaust_a and_o overwasted_a revenue_n and_o rack_v and_o oppress_a one_o another_o by_o occasion_n or_o pretence_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o it_o cunning_a and_o avarice_n of_o the_o sell_n and_o rich_a part_n of_o the_o people_n merchant_n retailer_n and_o mechanic_n of_o the_o nation_n every_o one_o strive_v to_o put_v the_o damage_n from_o themselves_o and_o shift_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v the_o burden_n upon_o other_o will_v by_o a_o lamentable_a summa_fw-la totalis_fw-la find_v how_o little_o they_o have_v gain_v by_o put_v their_o prince_n into_o necessity_n and_o how_o small_a a_o gain_n or_o blessing_n they_o will_v leave_v to_o their_o posterity_n when_o by_o beg_v get_v and_o keep_v all_o they_o can_v from_o the_o king_n and_o cozen_a he_o all_o that_o they_o can_v the_o common_a people_n unless_o they_o will_v have_v their_o body_n politic_a to_o be_v without_o a_o head_n and_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o usurpation_n when_o there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o israel_n busy_v like_o the_o beast_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o fish_n in_o the_o sea_n in_o devour_v and_o oppress_v one_o another_o in_o a_o chaos_n of_o villainy_n and_o confusion_n can_v subsist_v or_o maintain_v themselves_o in_o peace_n and_o plenty_n without_o enable_v the_o king_n to_o support_v himself_o to_o protect_v anâ—_n defend_v they_o and_o may_v without_o any_o violence_n use_v to_o their_o judgement_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v better_a with_o the_o common_a people_n of_o england_n when_o they_o pay_v for_o theiâ—_n farm_n some_o rent_n in_o money_n &_o some_o in_o provision_n of_o housekeep_v when_o by_o the_o hospitality_n of_o their_o landlord_n they_o be_v sure_a to_o partake_v of_o they_o their_o land_n and_o rent_n be_v not_o torture_v or_o draw_v up_o to_o the_o high_a pin_n or_o screw_v of_o the_o rack_n or_o any_o possible_a improvement_n which_o may_v be_v make_v of_o it_o and_o the_o plow_a of_o some_o part_n of_o their_o lord_n demesne_n reap_v or_o carry_v in_o of_o their_o corn_n and_o help_v they_o to_o fetch_v home_o some_o wood_n or_o coal_n do_v not_o among_o a_o many_o of_o tenant_n according_a to_o their_o proportion_a service_n for_o which_o they_o reckon_v the_o love_n protection_n and_o hospitality_n of_o their_o landlord_n to_o be_v satisfaction_n enough_o amount_v unto_o the_o twenty_o or_o thirty_o part_n of_o the_o rack_n rend_v which_o now_o they_o do_v pay_v and_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o cup_n of_o beer_n or_o a_o morsel_n of_o bread_n give_v they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o pay_v it_o which_o the_o people_n of_o scotland_n may_v to_o their_o cost_n experiment_n if_o they_o shall_v as_o the_o rustic_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n have_v do_v never_o think_v themselves_o happy_a until_o they_o have_v shake_v off_o the_o service_n and_o obligation_n to_o their_o lord_n and_o benefactor_n and_o in_o stead_n of_o pay_v some_o chaldâ—rs_n of_o victual_n mailes_n and_o other_o more_o easy_a duty_n have_v their_o land_n let_v by_o their_o landlord_n to_o the_o utmost_a penny_n and_o bid_n and_o like_o the_o israelite_n in_o their_o egyptian_a bondage_n make_v brick_n and_o gather_v the_o straw_n and_o pay_v a_o rent_n as_o much_o as_o the_o land_n or_o farm_n can_v possible_o yield_v or_o it_o may_v be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o and_o may_v persuade_v the_o people_n that_o there_o be_v a_o grand_a necessity_n attend_v with_o many_o other_o great_a necessity_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v again_o his_o just_a and_o harmless_a right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o praeemption_a pourveyance_n and_o composition_n and_o as_o great_a a_o necessity_n for_o the_o people_n if_o they_o will_v avoid_v those_o heap_n of_o evil_n and_o inconvenience_n which_o may_v otherwise_o happen_v upon_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o desire_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o when_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o market_n and_o the_o people_n work_v upon_o one_o another_o necessity_n the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o walk_v by_o no_o rule_n of_o piety_n virtue_n morality_n humanity_n charity_n or_o conscience_n but_o labour_v all_o they_o can_v in_o their_o action_n to_o advance_v the_o kingdom_n of_o sin_n and_o satan_n and_o their_o own_o everlasting_a punishment_n shall_v by_o their_o wicked_a and_o illegal_a enhauncing_n ingrossing_n combination_n and_o contrivance_n make_v the_o prize_n of_o every_o thing_n to_o be_v so_o immense_a and_o unreasonable_a as_o the_o vicious_a and_o rook_v part_n of_o the_o people_n will_v if_o such_o rate_n and_o price_n shall_v hold_v on_o continue_z and_o grow_v high_o and_o high_o as_o they_o be_v like_a to_o do_v without_o some_o bando_n or_o reiglement_n and_o a_o great_a care_n take_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n than_o hitherto_o they_o have_v be_v please_v to_o bestow_v in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o place_n and_o duty_n undo_v and_o beggar_v the_o virtuous_a or_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v enforce_v to_o buy_v at_o such_o unreasonable_a rate_v their_o provision_n of_o food_n and_o livelihood_n &_o make_v as_o a_o jew_n late_o well_o observe_v none_o but_o the_o rich_a part_n able_a to_o live_v with_o any_o plenty_n or_o content_n utter_o ruin_v the_o middle_a rank_n of_o the_o people_n and_o enslave_v and_o beggar_v the_o poor_a who_o must_v like_v the_o gibionite_n be_v well_o content_v to_o be_v hewer_n of_o wood_n &_o drawer_n of_o water_n that_o they_o may_v live_v and_o eat_v bread_n and_o that_o all_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n can_v do_v by_o put_v in_o practice_n the_o ancient_a usage_n of_o a_o jury_n empanel_v by_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o market_n within_o the_o verge_n of_o the_o court_n and_o command_v they_o upon_o their_o oath_n to_o set_v a_o marketable_a and_o reasonable_a rate_n according_a to_o the_o usual_a price_n of_o victual_n and_o household_n provision_n in_o market_n and_o elsewhere_o which_o all_o man_n be_v enjoin_v by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n strict_o to_o observe_v can_v now_o that_o the_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o it_o be_v lay_v aside_o keep_v their_o rate_n and_o price_n within_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o any_o reason_n but_o the_o people_n be_v so_o insatiable_a in_o their_o gain_n and_o so_o cunning_a to_o promote_v their_o unjust_a design_n therein_o as_o they_o do_v not_o only_o not_o keep_v the_o king_n rate_n but_o to_o enlarge_v their_o profit_n and_o price_n do_v all_o they_o can_v to_o bribe_n and_o go_v a_o share_n with_o some_o of_o his_o pourveyer_n when_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a and_o demonstrable_a and_o our_o own_o happiness_n may_v tell_v we_o if_o we_o do_v not_o too_o much_o mistake_v and_o abuse_v it_o and_o make_v our_o sin_n to_o be_v the_o product_n of_o it_o that_o now_o that_o in_o england_n by_o lay_v down_o of_o tillage_n more_o than_o it_o shall_v there_o be_v more_o pasture_n &_o land_n to_o feed_v or_o fatten_v cattle_n ten_o or_o twenty_o to_o one_o then_o ever_o it_o have_v before_o and_o that_o this_o our_o fruitful_a isle_n have_v both_o
aurum_fw-la reginae_fw-la gold_n or_o present_v make_v and_o give_v to_o the_o queen_n in_o return_n of_o their_o gift_n and_o favour_n receive_v from_o the_o king_n great_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n by_o grant_n of_o free_a warren_n mine_n felon_n and_o outlaw_n good_n deodand_n waiss_n estray_v fishing_n court_n leet_n toll_n and_o freedom_n from_o toll_n to_o many_o city_n and_o people_n of_o england_n grant_v since_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o when_o for_o the_o like_a and_o some_o other_o liberty_n then_o confirm_v unto_o they_o the_o people_n of_o england_n not_o have_v half_a so_o much_o before_o that_o time_n grant_v unto_o they_o as_o by_o the_o bounty_n and_o indulgence_n of_o the_o succeed_a king_n and_o prince_n they_o have_v have_v since_o take_v it_o to_o be_v no_o ill_a bargain_n to_o give_v unto_o the_o king_n for_o that_o his_o grace_n and_o favour_v a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o fifteen_o part_n of_o all_o their_o moveable_n 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for_o all_o those_o employment_n a_o great_a increase_n of_o wool_n and_o the_o price_n thereof_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o our_o quondam_a flourish_a trade_n of_o clothe_v until_o that_o our_o late_a giddy_a time_n of_o rebellion_n have_v so_o very_a much_o lessen_v and_o impair_v it_o many_o great_a factory_n or_o manufacture_n of_o bay_n say_v serge_n and_o kersey_n at_o and_o about_o colchester_n sudbury_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o stuff_n at_o norwich_n canterbury_n sandwich_n kiderminster_n etc._n etc._n erect_v and_o encourage_v before_o our_o long_a and_o late_o unhappy_a war_n and_o the_o reign_n and_o rapine_n of_o mechanic_n reformer_n the_o land_n of_o wales_n great_o improve_v since_o the_o reign_n or_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o and_o his_o severe_a law_n which_o deny_v they_o the_o intercourse_n commerce_n and_o privilege_n of_o england_n the_o free_n of_o some_o of_o the_o northern_a county_n as_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o northumberland_n from_o the_o trouble_n charge_n and_o damage_n of_o maintain_v their_o border_n against_o the_o scotish_n former_o and_o frequent_a outrage_n invasion_n and_o take_v away_o their_o good_n and_o cattle_n by_o day_n and_o by_o night_n and_o the_o like_a freedom_n from_o the_o incursion_n and_o depraedation_n of_o the_o welsh_a assure_v and_o settle_v upon_o the_o four_o shire_n or_o county_n of_o gloucester_n worcester_z hereford_n and_o shropshire_n by_o the_o guard_n and_o residence_n of_o a_o lord_n precedent_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o abundance_n of_o market_n and_o fair_n now_o more_o than_o former_o grant_v so_o as_o few_o or_o no_o part_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n can_v complain_v of_o any_o want_n of_o they_o within_o every_o four_o or_o five_o mile_n distance_n great_a stoâ—e_n of_o welch_n scottish_a and_o irish-cattel_n now_o yearly_o bring_v into_o england_n when_o as_o few_o or_o none_o be_v heretofore_o horse_n ox_n and_o cattle_n now_o 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time_n secure_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n by_o light_a house_n etc._n etc._n some_o of_o our_o principal_a native_a commodity_n as_o fâ—llers_n earth_n leather_n hides_n etc._n etc._n and_o corn_n when_o it_o be_v not_o cheap_a prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v divers_a statute_n restrain_v alien_n not_o be_v denizend_a to_o trade_n or_o keep_v shop_n etc._n etc._n convenient_a provision_n make_v for_o vicar_n in_o case_n of_o church_n appropriate_a the_o good_n of_o foreigner_n to_o be_v tax_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o fifteen_o the_o breed_n of_o large_a horse_n and_o increase_n of_o husbandry_n command_v divers_a statute_n make_v for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o merchant_n merchandise_n and_o mariner_n preservation_n of_o fish_v fuel_n cattle_n and_o river_n and_o against_o freequarter_n of_o soldier_n excessive_a toll_n forestaller_n regrator_n engrosser_n and_o monopoly_n riot_n rout_n and_o vagabond_n rogue_n and_o to_o relieve_v the_o poor_a all_o commote_n or_o unlawful_a 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bank_n the_o bring_n of_o silver_n bullion_n into_o england_n by_o our_o english_a merchant_n encourage_v the_o transportation_n from_o thence_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n prohibit_v and_o the_o care_n of_o the_o king_n exchanger_n until_o the_o disuse_n of_o it_o now_o of_o late_o prevent_v all_o abuse_n in_o the_o coin_n or_o money_n of_o the_o kingdom_n merchant_n alien_n and_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n ordain_v to_o employ_v their_o money_n receive_v in_o england_n upon_o the_o commodity_n thereof_o and_o every_o merchant_n alien_n to_o find_v surety_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o carry_v gold_n or_o silver_n out_o of_o this_o realm_n the_o keep_n of_o great_a number_n of_o sheep_n by_o rich_a man_n whereby_o mean_a man_n be_v impoverish_v restrain_v to_o a_o certain_a number_n ordinance_n make_v for_o baker_n brewer_n and_o other_o victualler_n the_o price_n of_o victual_n to_o be_v rate_v and_o assess_v by_o the_o magistrate_n rent_n of_o house_n in_o staple-town_n to_o be_v reasonable_a and_o assessed_a by_o the_o mayor_n great_a quantity_n of_o waste_a ground_n and_o commons_o enclose_v and_o improve_v a_o long_a and_o happy_a peace_n at_o home_n for_o more_o than_o two_o hundred_o year_n many_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v to_o prevent_v or_o remedy_v grievance_n enlarge_v the_o people_n liberty_n and_o make_v they_o the_o most_o free_a and_o happy_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n si_fw-la sua_fw-la bona_fw-la norint_fw-la if_o they_o can_v but_o be_v content_a with_o their_o happiness_n and_o know_v how_o to_o use_v it_o all_o the_o revenue_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o people_n aswell_o real_a as_o personal_a exceed_o and_o by_o many_o degree_n improve_v more_o than_o former_o and_o all_o manner_n of_o victual_n and_o provision_n sell_v at_o such_o excessive_a rate_n and_o price_n as_o will_v busy_v our_o forefather_n with_o no_o common_a or_o ordinary_a wonder_n if_o they_o can_v be_v alive_a again_o
licencia_fw-la a_o unbounded_a licence_n in_o the_o magistrate_n to_o tax_n the_o people_n and_o a_o licence_n to_o the_o people_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o liberty_n to_o trade_n and_o cozâ—n_v one_o another_o make_v they_o so_o patient_a to_o undergo_v those_o vectigaliâ—_n ac_fw-la collationes_fw-la aliaque_fw-la servilâ—a_fw-la onera_fw-la tax_n payment_n and_o servile_a burden_n which_o otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v unwilling_a to_o endure_v all_o or_o most_o of_o which_o be_v continue_v and_o lie_v heavy_a upon_o they_o upon_o pretence_n of_o debt_n incur_v for_o the_o public_a to_o be_v pay_v or_o otherwise_o have_v make_v such_o a_o dearth_n of_o all_o household_n provision_n as_o that_o notwithstanding_o that_o their_o huge_a granary_n at_o amsterdam_n be_v always_o store_v with_o abundance_n of_o corn_n to_o transport_v and_o sell_v to_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o kingdom_n where_o they_o find_v any_o scarcity_n or_o want_n of_o it_o a_o family_n of_o ten_o person_n more_o than_o one_o half_z whereof_o have_v be_v young_a child_n have_v this_o last_o winter_n among_o other_o victual_n as_o flesh_n fish_n root_n etc._n etc._n be_v enforce_v to_o spend_v 17_o s._n sterling_a in_o a_o week_n in_o ordinary_a and_o common_a bread_n and_o twelve_o shilling_n sterling_a within_o the_o same_o circle_n of_o time_n for_o turf_n or_o fire_v and_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v sink_v so_o fast_o into_o a_o poverty_n as_o by_o a_o exact_a account_n take_v thereof_o there_o have_v be_v this_o last_o year_n more_o than_o in_o any_o of_o the_o former_a year_n above_o eighty_o thousand_o pawn_n bring_v into_o the_o public_a lombard_n at_o amsterdam_n and_o may_v teach_v they_o and_o all_o the_o world_n at_o last_o how_o great_a the_o difference_n will_v be_v betwixt_o a_o natural_a and_o hereditary_a prince_n govern_v by_o the_o know_a law_n of_o a_o nation_n and_o with_o less_o charge_n and_o that_o which_o be_v only_o uphold_v by_o the_o power_n of_o money_n and_o tax_n to_o make_v and_o preserve_v a_o interest_n for_o those_o who_o be_v the_o only_a gainer_n by_o it_o do_v not_o in_o any_o of_o his_o necessity_n as_o some_o of_o his_o predecessor_n king_n of_o england_n have_v do_v in_o they_o both_o before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n continue_v and_o take_v the_o tax_n of_o dane_n geld_v lay_v to_o expel_v that_o nation_n out_o of_o england_n after_o they_o be_v quiet_v and_o return_v home_o nor_o as_o many_o of_o the_o english_a lord_n of_o divers_a manor_n have_v do_v and_o do_v to_o this_o day_n require_v and_o take_v of_o their_o tenant_n peter_n penny_n or_o chimney_n money_n amount_v in_o some_o manor_n to_o considerable_a sum_n though_o it_o be_v long_o since_o abolish_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v in_o that_o kind_n or_o for_o that_o purpose_n nor_o do_v by_o war_n or_o imposition_n impoverish_v his_o people_n as_o some_o of_o his_o neighbour_n have_v do_v or_o make_v they_o to_o complain_v as_o the_o common_a people_n of_o normandy_n do_v not_o long_o ago_o france_n that_o they_o be_v une_fw-fr uraye_fw-fr anatomy_n de_fw-fr corpse_n humain_fw-fr auquel_fw-fr ne_fw-fr rest_n plus_fw-fr que_fw-fr les_fw-fr os_fw-la le_fw-fr peau_n &_o encore_fw-fr foulez_fw-fr like_o a_o anatomy_n of_o a_o man_n body_n which_o have_v nothing_o but_o bone_n and_o skin_n leave_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o also_o foul_a enough_o but_o have_v make_v they_o in_o the_o generality_n rich_a than_o himself_o and_o more_o abound_v in_o plenty_n and_o riches_n than_o any_o nation_n of_o christendom_n and_o be_v the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n as_o well_o as_o affliction_n of_o his_o royal_a father_n king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n who_o in_o the_o haltion_n and_o peaceable_a day_n of_o the_o former_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v so_o much_o abhor_v the_o mode_n or_o manner_n of_o a_o arbitary_a government_n as_o he_o do_v imprison_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n that_o monarch_n of_o letter_n and_o learning_n the_o great_a selden_n together_o with_o mr._n oliver_n st._n john_n for_o but_o have_v in_o their_o custody_n or_o divulge_v a_o manuscript_n or_o discourse_n write_v by_o sir_n robert_n dudley_n a_o titular_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o a_o english_a fugitive_n of_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n how_o to_o make_v the_o king_n a_o great_a revenue_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o gabel_n or_o tax_n in_o italy_n borrow_v by_o mr._n st._n john_n out_o of_o sr._n robert_n cotton_v famous_a library_n where_o it_o have_v otherwise_o sleep_v and_o cause_v his_o attorney_n general_n to_o exhibit_v a_o bill_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n against_o the_o now_o earl_n of_o clare_n the_o say_a mr._n selden_n and_o mr._n st._n john_n for_o the_o publish_n of_o it_o though_o but_o in_o manuscript_n and_o be_v so_o far_o from_o any_o action_n desire_n or_o intention_n of_o a_o tyrant_n as_o when_o he_o may_v like_v the_o dairo_n or_o emperor_n of_o japan_n have_v wallow_v in_o riches_n and_o pleasure_n and_o as_o a_o minotaur_n have_v feed_v upon_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n if_o he_o will_v have_v but_o deliver_v up_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o his_o subject_n and_o their_o after_o generation_n as_o slave_n to_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n &_o government_n of_o a_o rebellious_a part_n of_o the_o people_n call_v themselves_o a_o parliament_n he_o do_v on_o the_o contrary_n not_o only_o most_o constant_o endure_v all_o the_o misery_n danger_n &_o ignominy_n which_o they_o can_v cast_v upon_o he_o but_o rather_o than_o he_o will_v betray_v or_o give_v up_o their_o religion_n law_n or_o liberty_n lay_v down_o his_o life_n as_o a_o sacrifice_n to_o preserve_v they_o and_o hauâ—ng_v before_o his_o death_n establish_v our_o excellent_a law_n of_o magna_fw-la â—harta_fw-la and_o make_v they_o strong_a and_o more_o bind_v then_o ever_o they_o be_v before_o by_o confirm_v they_o and_o other_o their_o liberty_n and_o custom_n under_o the_o name_n and_o notion_n of_o their_o petition_n of_o right_n and_o at_o the_o sign_v or_o ratification_n thereof_o use_v a_o say_n or_o sentence_n deserve_v to_o be_v write_v in_o letter_n of_o gold_n which_o he_o call_v his_o maxim_n and_o declare_v to_o be_v his_o own_o that_o the_o people_n liberty_n strengthen_v the_o king_n prerogative_n primi_fw-la and_o that_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o people_n liberty_n do_v not_o for_o all_o those_o unparalelled_a suffering_n and_o great_a misusage_n of_o his_o father_n and_o himself_o take_v any_o advantage_n of_o those_o that_o forfeit_v their_o interest_n in_o those_o excellent_a law_n and_o liberty_n but_o pardon_v all_o their_o transgression_n restore_v they_o to_o all_o that_o they_o can_v but_o so_o much_o as_o pretend_v unto_o and_o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o and_o his_o royal_a predecessor_n have_v quamplurimisdonis_fw-la &_o largitionibus_fw-la by_o their_o very_o many_o favour_n and_o bounty_n to_o such_o as_o deserve_v well_o of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o the_o preservation_n or_o promote_a the_o good_a of_o it_o give_v away_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o crown_n land_n and_o many_o of_o their_o regality_n do_v not_o make_v a_o aeraâ—ium_n or_o treasury_n of_o money_n for_o himself_o or_o his_o own_o particular_a use_n out_o of_o his_o own_o revenue_n separate_v from_o that_o of_o the_o public_a as_o lewis_n the_o 12._o of_o france_n do_v but_o do_v with_o that_o very_a small_a part_n of_o his_o land_n which_o remain_v and_o his_o legal_a and_o undeniable_a right_n and_o prerogative_n without_o any_o tax_n or_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o the_o people_n other_o than_o what_o be_v assent_v unto_o by_o themselves_o and_o their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n bear_v and_o support_v the_o burden_n and_o continual_a charge_n of_o the_o government_n and_o affair_n thereof_o which_o shall_v rouse_v and_o stir_v up_o the_o heart_n and_o affection_n of_o his_o people_n of_o england_n and_o persuade_v they_o who_o have_v now_o and_o have_v before_o the_o tax_n raise_v to_o improve_v rebellion_n few_o tax_n and_o imposition_n lay_v upon_o they_o than_o any_o nation_n within_o the_o walk_n or_o perambulation_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o be_v the_o free_a and_o do_v enjoy_v more_o liberty_n immunity_n and_o privilege_n than_o any_o people_n of_o the_o world_n not_o to_o deny_v or_o withhold_v from_o he_o and_o of_o his_o just_a regality_n right_n and_o preeminence_n but_o think_v it_o to_o be_v more_o necessary_a for_o their_o good_a and_o well-being_n to_o permit_v he_o to_o enjoy_v his_o praeemption_a and_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o then_o that_o which_o many_o of_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v do_v to_o enjoin_v the_o repair_n of_o havens_n and_o peer_n as_o be_v in_o the_o last_o session_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o peer_n
roturiers_n des_fw-fr ville_n non_fw-fr franche_n bourg_n &_o village_n a_o proportion_n des_fw-fr biens_fw-fr du_fw-fr taillable_n sans_o cue_n '_o il_fw-fr ait_fw-fr estè_fw-fr besoin_fw-fr d'_fw-fr asembler_n les_fw-fr estate_n pour_fw-fr ce_fw-fr suiet_n those_o kind_n of_o tax_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n or_o commonalty_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o common_a people_n of_o the_o town_n and_o borought_n not_o enfranchise_v or_o free_v from_o it_o by_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o good_n or_o moveable_n without_o any_o assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n to_o that_o purpose_n except_o in_o languedoc_n provence_n burgogne_n dauphin_n and_o britain_n where_o when_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n have_v resolve_v what_o the_o taille_n shall_v be_v les_fw-fr terres_fw-la &_o immeuble_v seulement_fw-fr sont_fw-fr taillable_n the_o land_n and_o immovables_n only_o be_v tailleable_a and_o their_o near_a friend_n the_o scot_n do_v long_o ago_o so_o well_o like_a of_o gratitude_n as_o they_o enact_v and_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o good_a law_n that_o land_n hold_v in_o few_o farm_n pay_v and_o one_fw-mi certain_a zierly_a duty_n nomine_fw-la feudi_fw-la firm_a may_v be_v recognosce_v be_v the_o superior_a for_o none_o payment_n of_o the_o few_o dewtie_n and_o that_o twa_fw-mi manner_n of_o way_n the_o first_o ex_fw-la provisione_n &_o naturae_fw-la contractus_fw-la by_o operation_n of_o law_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o contract_n significatione_n for_o the_o few_o fermorer_n not_o pay_v and_o his_o few_o farm_n for_o his_o ingratitude_n and_o unthankfulnes_n tinis_n and_o forfaltis_n his_o few_o farm_n be_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o law_n quhilk_fw-mi as_o zit_o be_v not_o in_o practic_a and_o use_n in_o scotland_n and_o the_o english_a landlord_n be_v so_o unwilling_a to_o part_v with_o any_o privilege_n which_o bring_v they_o in_o any_o power_n gain_n or_o profit_n as_o where_o they_o hold_v any_o of_o the_o king_n ancient_a demesne_n in_o fee_n farm_n and_o the_o king_n do_v cause_v his_o ancient_a demesne_n to_o be_v tally_v the_o lord_n or_o fee_n farmer_n under_o he_o will_v sue_v forth_o the_o king_n write_v command_v the_o sheriff_n that_o in_o case_n the_o land_n be_v ancient_a demean_v 87._o &_o hucusque_fw-la consueverit_fw-la talliari_fw-la and_o be_v until_o than_o accustom_a to_o be_v tally_v that_o rationabile_fw-la tallagium_fw-la ei_fw-la habere_fw-la faceret_fw-la de_fw-la libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o manerio_fw-la praedicto_fw-la sicut_fw-la prius_fw-la fieri_fw-la consuevit_fw-la he_o shall_v cause_v the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n to_o pay_v unto_o their_o lord_n such_o reasonable_a tallage_n as_o be_v accustom_v and_o with_o as_o much_o or_o more_o reason_n be_v the_o pourveyance_n or_o composition_n for_o they_o allow_v and_o establish_v as_o the_o hitherto_o never_o complain_v of_o in_o parliament_n or_o account_v to_o be_v grievance_n herezelda_n herriot_n service_n or_o herriot_n which_o skene_n a_o author_n of_o great_a authority_n among_o the_o scot_n define_v to_o be_v hollandiciâ—_n gratuitae_fw-la donationes_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la husbando_fw-la seu_fw-la agricola_n datur_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la ratione_fw-la dominij_fw-la &_o reverentiae_fw-la the_o free_a gift_n or_o remuneration_n of_o the_o tenant_n to_o their_o lord_n in_o the_o reverence_n and_o respect_n which_o they_o bear_v unto_o they_o which_o the_o hollander_n those_o grand_a contester_n for_o liberty_n do_v call_v laudemia_n and_o notable_o increase_v their_o small_a revenue_n in_o land_n with_o they_o and_o in_o england_n say_v the_o learned_a spelman_n non_fw-la nisi_fw-la post_fw-la mortem_fw-la husbandi_fw-la solvitur_fw-la be_v only_a pay_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o differ_v from_o a_o relief_n for_o that_o a_o relief_n be_v in_o case_n of_o inheritance_n but_o a_o herriot_n in_o a_o lesser_a estate_n as_o for_o life_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v former_o and_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n of_o a_o great_a value_n by_o the_o give_v or_o pay_v to_o their_o lord_n shield_n sword_n spear_n helmet_n horse_n furnish_v and_o money_n according_a to_o the_o several_a quality_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o tenant_n have_v be_v since_o by_o the_o example_n and_o indulgence_n of_o our_o prince_n imitate_v by_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n reduce_v to_o the_o best_a horse_n or_o beast_n and_o if_o none_o to_o the_o best_a household_n stuff_n but_o so_o greedy_o attach_v or_o seldom_o remit_v by_o the_o landlord_n as_o the_o poor_a man_n single_a ewe_n lamb_n in_o the_o parable_n of_o the_o prophet_n nathan_n to_o david_n or_o a_o cow_n which_o shall_v give_v the_o lament_a wife_n and_o child_n some_o nourishment_n and_o sustenance_n be_v seldom_o able_a to_o escape_v their_o bailiff_n or_o such_o as_o be_v send_v to_o fetch_v they_o and_o if_o it_o be_v reason_n for_o the_o people_n to_o make_v such_o payment_n and_o contribution_n and_o observe_v such_o respect_n to_o their_o landlord_n and_o subordinate_a governor_n or_o superior_n as_o much_o and_o great_a sure_o ought_v they_o to_o pay_v unto_o their_o pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la the_o protector_n and_o defender_n as_o well_o of_o those_o that_o receive_v those_o duty_n as_o of_o those_o that_o pay_v they_o and_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v enough_o to_o awaken_v and_o rouse_v up_o their_o gratitude_n and_o imprint_v in_o their_o memory_n the_o never_o enough_o to_o be_v requite_v benefit_n and_o blessing_n receive_v by_o our_o king_n and_o prince_n as_o much_o as_o if_o with_o a_o forfeiture_n upon_o the_o not_o do_v or_o observe_v those_o agreement_n they_o have_v be_v as_o strong_o annex_v and_o incorporate_v into_o our_o land_n and_o estate_n as_o that_o of_o the_o service_n or_o condition_n of_o land_n give_v to_o hold_v by_o the_o tenor_n of_o knight_n service_n which_o as_o some_o civilian_n hold_v 769._o ipsi_fw-la sanguini_fw-la coherent_a be_v inherent_a in_o the_o very_a blood_n of_o the_o tenant_n which_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a gentile_a rich_a and_o better_a sort_n of_o the_o people_n be_v when_o the_o pourveyance_n be_v in_o be_v the_o most_o fit_a and_o likely_a to_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o payment_n or_o contribution_n towards_o it_o and_o be_v therefore_o in_o several_a king_n reign_v sometime_o single_o and_o often_o charge_v with_o public_a aid_n or_o tax_n and_o very_o much_o more_o than_o other_o of_o the_o people_n as_o twenty_o shilling_n for_o every_o knight_n fee_n grant_v by_o parliament_n to_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o six_o and_o twenty_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n for_o every_o knight_n fee_n to_o king_n john_n and_o as_o much_o at_o another_o time_n to_o he_o towards_o his_o war_n in_o wales_n twenty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n towards_o his_o voyage_n into_o normandy_n and_o forty_o shilling_n at_o another_o time_n and_o as_o much_o twice_o assess_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o towards_o his_o war_n in_o gascony_n twenty_o shilling_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n by_o henry_n the_o four_o the_o war_n in_o scotland_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o edward_n the_o second_o and_o of_o france_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o the_o personal_a and_o chargeable_a service_n of_o most_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n therein_o probable_o procure_v they_o some_o relaxation_n of_o not_o have_v their_o fee_n or_o land_n so_o charge_v as_o former_o and_o beside_o other_o incident_n belong_v thereunto_o be_v by_o the_o fewdists_n say_v to_o be_v so_o more_o than_o ordinary_o tie_v up_o unto_o gratitude_n and_o the_o more_o especial_a duty_n and_o obligation_n thereof_o as_o such_o a_o tenant_n forfeit_v his_o land_n in_o fee_n si_fw-mi percipiat_fw-la magnum_fw-la periculum_fw-la domino_fw-la imminere_fw-la &_o ultrò_fw-la sine_fw-la requisitione_fw-la servicium_fw-la non_fw-la offer_v if_o he_o perceive_v any_o danger_n imminent_a or_o likely_a to_o happen_v to_o his_o lord_n and_o do_v not_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n offer_v his_o service_n to_o prevent_v it_o or_o if_o his_o lord_n be_v a_o captive_n or_o in_o prison_n aught_o to_o contribute_v towards_o his_o redemption_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v happen_v to_o fall_v into_o distress_n be_v to_o relieve_v he_o as_o far_o say_v some_o of_o the_o fewdall_n law_n which_o by_o stipulation_n or_o paction_n be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o agree_v upon_o or_o include_v in_o the_o general_a word_n of_o defend_v the_o lord_n and_o his_o dignity_n be_v with_o many_o other_o their_o grateful_a observance_n afterward_o particularise_v and_o deduce_v from_o such_o custom_n as_o gratitude_n only_o have_v in_o process_n of_o time_n introduce_v and_o as_o much_o as_o amount_v unto_o the_o moiety_n of_o one_o year_n rent_n or_o si_fw-la auxilium_fw-la dominum_fw-la in_o acie_n periclitantem_fw-la deseruerit_fw-la if_o he_o leave_v his_o lord_n in_o the_o field_n and_o be_v ingrateful_a and_o by_o our_o law_n of_o england_n if_o
he_o or_o his_o heir_n do_v not_o unto_o the_o lord_n or_o any_o of_o his_o heir_n of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v his_o service_n within_o two_o year_n be_v upon_o a_o cessavit_fw-la per_fw-la biennium_fw-la bring_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o no_o sufficient_a distress_n to_o be_v find_v to_o forfeit_v the_o land_n so_o hold_v and_o from_o no_o other_o source_n or_o original_n be_v derive_v escuage_z for_o the_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n not_o attend_v the_o king_n or_o their_o lord_n in_o the_o war_n which_o escuage_z as_o littleton_n say_v be_v because_o the_o law_n intend_v and_o understand_v it_o that_o the_o land_n be_v at_o the_o first_o for_o that_o end_n free_o give_v they_o whence_o also_o come_v the_o aid_n to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o king_n a_o knight_n and_o to_o marry_v the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o the_o like_a assistance_n or_o duty_n unto_o the_o mesne_fw-la lord_n as_o grateful_a acknowledgement_n for_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o they_o which_o the_o freeholder_n in_o socage_n be_v likewise_o not_o to_o deny_v and_o be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o by_o any_o agreement_n betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o his_o particular_a tenant_n nor_o likely_a to_o be_v betwixt_o the_o mesne_fw-la lord_n and_o their_o tenant_n when_o the_o land_n be_v give_v they_o for_o that_o some_o of_o the_o mesne_fw-la lord_n may_v probable_o be_v without_o son_n or_o daughter_n or_o both_o or_o any_o hope_n to_o have_v any_o when_o they_o give_v their_o land_n and_o their_o grant_n do_v frequent_o mention_v pro_fw-la homagio_fw-la &_o servicio_fw-la in_o consideration_n only_o of_o homage_n and_o service_n to_o be_v do_v and_o be_v call_v auxilia_fw-la sive_fw-la adjutoria_fw-la aid_n or_o assistance_n to_o their_o lord_n who_o can_v not_o be_v then_o in_o any_o great_a want_n of_o such_o help_n when_o the_o portion_n of_o daughter_n be_v very_o much_o in_o virtue_n and_o little_a in_o money_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n the_o king_n in_o those_o day_n bestow_v upon_o all_o or_o many_o of_o they_o some_o costly_a fur_n &_o robe_n 3._o and_o the_o other_o charge_n consist_v in_o the_o no_o great_a expense_n of_o the_o furnish_n out_o the_o young_a gentleman_n to_o receive_v the_o then_o more_o martial_a better_o use_v and_o better_o esteem_v honour_n of_o knighthood_n be_v reckon_v by_o bracton_n in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o 8._o inter_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la quae_fw-la serviciae_fw-la non_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la nec_fw-la concomitantia_fw-la serviciorum_fw-la sicut_fw-la sunt_fw-la rationabilia_fw-la auxilia_fw-la among_o those_o custom_n which_o be_v not_o understand_v to_o be_v service_n nor_o incident_n thereof_o if_o they_o be_v reasonable_a but_o be_v de_fw-fr gratia_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la domini_fw-la necessitas_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la major_a esset_fw-la vel_fw-la minor_fw-la relevium_fw-la acciperet_fw-la and_o proceed_v from_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o tenant_n to_o help_v their_o lord_n as_o their_o occasion_n or_o necessity_n shall_v require_v et_fw-la apud_fw-la exteros_fw-la say_v sir_n henry_n spelman_n non_fw-la solum_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ad_fw-la collocandas_fw-la sorores_fw-la in_o matrimonium_fw-la sed_fw-la ad_fw-la fratres_fw-la etiam_fw-la juniores_fw-la milites_fw-la faciendos_fw-la and_o with_o some_o foreign_a nation_n as_o the_o german_n old_a sicilian_n and_o neapolitan_n not_o only_o towards_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o sister_n of_o their_o lord_n but_o to_o make_v also_o their_o young_a son_n knight_n for_o the_o good_a will_n and_o grateful_a retorn_n of_o the_o subject_n to_o their_o king_n and_o prince_n and_o of_o the_o tenant_n to_o their_o lord_n be_v not_o only_o since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n but_o long_o before_o practise_v and_o approve_v by_o the_o britain_n the_o elder_a and_o most_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o our_o island_n and_o other_o world_n as_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o ebidiu_o or_o tributum_fw-la ebedâ—â—_n pay_v per_fw-la nobilium_fw-la haeredes_fw-la capitali_fw-la provinciae_fw-la domino_fw-la the_o heir_n of_o the_o nobility_n or_o great_a man_n after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o ancestor_n to_o the_o lord_n or_o chief_a of_o the_o province_n like_v unto_o as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n say_v our_o relief_n which_o hottoman_n term_v honorarium_fw-la a_o free_a gift_n or_o offering_n and_o that_o learned_a knight_n find_v upon_o diligent_a enquiry_n among_o the_o welsh_a who_o by_o the_o sin_n of_o their_o forefather_n and_o injury_n of_o the_o saxon_n be_v now_o content_v to_o be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n as_o stranger_n in_o that_o which_o be_v their_o own_o country_n that_o that_o ebidiu_o be_v pay_v at_o a_o great_a rate_n non_fw-la solum_fw-la è_fw-la praediis_fw-la laicis_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la ecclesiasticis_fw-la not_o only_o by_o the_o laity_n but_o the_o churchman_n and_o be_v not_o discontinue_v among_o the_o saxon_n be_v beside_o the_o payment_n of_o relief_n attend_v with_o other_o gift_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o superiority_n as_o well_o as_o thanks_o for_o gervasius_n tilburiensis_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n have_v not_o be_v so_o bless_v and_o oblige_v as_o they_o be_v afterward_o with_o the_o numberless_a gift_n grant_n and_o liberty_n which_o in_o the_o successive_a reign_n of_o seventeen_o king_n and_o queen_n after_o precede_v our_o now_o king_n and_o sovereign_a be_v heap_v upon_o they_o find_v oblata_fw-la present_v gift_n or_o offering_n to_o the_o king_n to_o be_v a_o well_o approve_a custom_n and_o therefore_o distinguish_v they_o into_o recept_n quaedam_fw-la in_o rem_fw-la &_o quaedam_fw-la in_o spem_fw-la some_o before_o hand_n for_o hope_n of_o future_a favour_n and_o other_o for_o liberty_n or_o other_o thing_n give_v and_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o fine_a roll_n of_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o son_n will_v show_v we_o very_o many_o oblata_n or_o freewill_n offering_n of_o several_a kind_n johannis_n which_o be_v so_o great_o value_v and_o heed_v as_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o his_o baron_n in_o or_o about_o the_o 23_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o year_n after_o his_o confirm_v of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v in_o the_o bitter_a prosecution_n and_o charge_n of_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgo_n earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n 336._o demand_v a_o account_n de_fw-fr donis_fw-la &_o xeniis_fw-la of_o gift_n and_o present_n among_o which_o carucagii_fw-la or_o carriage_n be_v number_v spectantibus_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o upon_o that_o and_o no_o other_o ground_n be_v those_o reasonable_a law_n or_o custom_n found_v that_o the_o king_n may_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n grant_v a_o corody_n which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n ex_fw-la constitut_o sicul._n lib._n 3._o tit._n 18._o define_v to_o be_v quicquid_fw-la obsonii_fw-la superiori_fw-la in_o subsidium_fw-la penditur_fw-la provision_n of_o victual_n make_v for_o superior_n et_fw-la ad_fw-la fundatores_fw-la monasteriorum_fw-la and_o to_o the_o founder_n of_o every_o monastery_n though_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o othobon_n the_o pope_n legate_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o 230._o the_o religious_a of_o those_o house_n be_v forbid_v to_o grant_v or_o suffer_v any_o to_o be_v grant_v or_o allow_v è_fw-la communi_fw-la jure_fw-la spectabat_fw-la corrodium_fw-la in_o quovis_fw-la suae_fw-la fundationis_fw-la monasterio_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o libera_fw-la eleemosina_fw-la fundaretur_fw-la it_o belong_v of_o common_a right_n to_o grant_v a_o corrody_n in_o any_o religious_a house_n of_o their_o foundation_n if_o not_o found_v in_o frank_n almoigne_z disposuit_fw-la item_n rex_fw-la in_o beneficium_fw-la famulurom_fw-la suorum_fw-la corrodium_fw-la etc._n etc._n likewise_o the_o king_n may_v grant_v to_o any_o of_o his_o household_n servant_n a_o corrody_n in_o any_o house_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o as_o many_o be_v in_o all_o by_o they_o grant_v as_o one_o hundred_o and_o eleven_o which_o that_o learned_a knight_n conceive_v to_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o so_o many_o of_o the_o monastery_n be_v of_o their_o foundation_n et_fw-la issint_fw-la de_fw-fr common_a droit_fw-fr say_v the_o learned_a judge_n fitzherbert_n in_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la and_o also_o of_o common_a right_n the_o king_n ought_v a._n to_o have_v a_o reasonable_a pension_n out_o of_o every_o bishopric_n in_o england_n and_o wales_n for_o his_o chaplain_n until_o the_o bishop_n shall_v promote_v he_o to_o a_o fit_a benefice_n which_o if_o the_o composition_n for_o pourveyance_n be_v reduce_v into_o contract_n and_o a_o lawful_a custom_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v no_o other_o than_o gratitude_n may_v be_v as_o commendable_a and_o necessary_a as_o those_o well_o approve_a example_n of_o thankfulness_n record_v in_o holy_a writ_n of_o 23.26_o abraham_n give_v king_n abimelech_n sheep_n and_o ox_n