the_o first_o word_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v 601._o 602._o it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o this_o speak_v to_o one_o that_o be_v speak_v of_o retain_v he_o go_v not_o to_o he_o for_o he_o will_v cozen_v you_o pasche_fw-it 18._o jac._n ratcleif_n case_n croo._n 1._o 29._o nor_o for_o this_o will_v it_o lie_v as_o it_o be_v say_v thou_o be_v a_o false_a cozen_a knave_n qualification_n word_n of_o qualification_n and_o have_v cozen_v my_o two_o kinsman_n of_o their_o land_n and_o deserve_v the_o pillory_n 26._o eliz._n b._n r._n nor_o for_o this_o he_o cozen_v j._n s._n out_o of_o his_o land_n nor_o for_o this_o thou_o have_v cozen_v j._n s._n of_o his_o fee_n and_o i_o will_v sue_v thou_o for_o it_o in_o thou_o starr-chamber_n brownl_n 1._o part_n 3._o 5._o 6._o 16._o 2._o part_n 253._o and_o it_o be_v say_v it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o will_v lie_v for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o base_a cheat_v cozen_a knave_n and_o have_v cheat_v i_o as_o never_o man_n be_v cheat_v croo._n 1._o 112._o 367._o but_o these_o word_n seem_v to_o other_o clear_o to_o be_v actionable_a so_o it_o will_v lie_v also_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o champertor_n hobb_n rep._n 117._o suit_n champertor_n barretor_n extortioner_n maintainer_n of_o suit_n 359._o pl._n 145._o 351._o coo._n 4._o 16._o brownl_n rep._n 17._o winche_n rep._n 481._o so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o common_a champertor_n and_o i_o will_v have_v he_o turn_v over_o the_o barr._n hobb_n rep._n 183._o so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o extortioner_n hill_n 40._o eliz._n b._n r._n so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o common_a barretor_n brownl_n and_o goldsb_n 11._o winchel_n rep._n 166._o hutton_n rep._n 104._o croo._n 1._o 139._o 406._o hobb_n rep._n pl._n 188._o but_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o say_v of_o he_o he_o be_v a_o common_a maintainer_n of_o suit_n hobb_n rep._n pl._n 145._o winch._n rep._n 40._o forgery_n forgery_n so_o it_o will_v lie_v for_o say_v of_o he_o he_o be_v a_o forge_v knave_n brownl_n 1._o part_n 16._o hetleys_n rep._n 140._o soalso_n it_o will_v lie_v for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o suborn_n knave_n or_o he_o be_v a_o suborn_a knave_n so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o perjure_a knave_n style_v rep._n 17._o pain_n case_n so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o extort_v knave_n and_o do_v suborn_v one_o to_o be_v forswear_v perjury_n subornation_n of_o perjury_n before_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n 20._o jac._n so_o for_o this_o take_v heed_n of_o he_o for_o he_o be_v the_o false_a knave_n in_o england_n and_o he_o will_v cut_v your_o throat_n hetleys_n rep._n 140._o and_o so_o it_o will_v lie_v for_o call_v of_o he_o knave_n only_o as_o have_v be_v adjudge_v knave_n knave_n after_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v nichols_n case_n style_v regist_n 8._o 17._o trin._n 12._o car._n 1._o b._n r._n yardlies_n case_n 18._o eliz._n 2._o b._n r._n and_o therefore_o a_o fortiori_fw-la it_o must_v lie_v for_o say_v he_o be_v a_o cozen_a or_o a_o forge_v knave_n or_o the_o like_a yet_o see_v the_o whole_a court_n co._n b._n against_o it_o croo._n 1._o last_o publish_v 601._o so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o common_a stirrer_n up_o of_o suit_n and_o a_o disturber_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o so_o a_o mover_n of_o unjust_a action_n hetleys_n rep._n 140._o so_o for_o this_o thou_o be_v a_o knave_n and_o stir_v up_o suit_n between_o party_n to_o their_o undo_n and_o it_o be_v pity_n such_o person_n go_v unhanged_a croo._n 1._o 166._o so_o for_o this_o say_v to_o a_o client_n of_o the_o attorney_n i_o marvel_v you_o will_v employ_v such_o a_o knave_n as_o nichols_n be_v you_o will_v have_v but_o disgrace_n and_o discredit_v by_o employment_n of_o he_o for_o he_o be_v a_o proclaim_a knave_n in_o the_o market_n croo._n 1._o part_n 331._o 333._o so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o base_a rascal_n and_o i_o will_v make_v he_o to_o lose_v his_o ear_n leys_n rep._n 70._o 9_o sect._n 9_o but_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o say_v this_o of_o a_o attorney_n or_o such_o like_a officer_n swaggerer_n cheater_n vipet_fw-la villain_n judas_n brabler_n swaggerer_n he_o be_v a_o cheater_n a_o judas_n a_o destroyer_n a_o viper_n a_o villain_n a_o common_a brabler_n a_o common_a breaker_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o a_o swaggerer_n all_o together_o or_o asunder_o but_o if_o a_o actionable_a word_n be_v join_v with_o they_o these_o will_v aggravate_v the_o slander_n and_o so_o the_o damage_n hetleys_n rep._n 140._o 139._o 143._o hutton_n rep._n 104._o winche_n rep._n 166._o nor_o for_o this_o i_o think_v thou_o be_v no_o attorney_n but_o a_o attorney_n clerk_n and_o if_o thou_o be_v i_o shall_v have_v thou_o pick_v over_o the_o bar_n the_o next_o term_n and_o thy_o ear_n nail_v to_o the_o pillory_n hobb_n rep._n pl._n 159._o nor_o will_v it_o lie_v for_o this_o thou_o be_v a_o usurer_n nor_o for_o this_o thou_o have_v usurer_n usurer_n plave_v the_o knave_n with_o i_o about_o a_o will._n coo._n 4._o 16._o nor_o for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o recusant_n hetleys_n rep._n 140._o 141._o recusant_n recusant_n nor_o for_o this_o thou_o be_v a_o flag_a jack_n and_o a_o cozener_n and_o will_v have_v cozen_v i_o hetleys_n rep._n 140._o nor_o for_o this_o i_o have_v matter_n enough_o against_o he_o for_o m._n h._n have_v find_v forgery_n against_o he_o and_o i_o can_v prove_v it_o against_o he_o hobb_n rep._n 189._o 395._o incertainty_n forgery_n incertainty_n nor_o for_o this_o speak_v to_o a_o attorney_n son_n my_o father_n be_v not_o cast_v over_o the_o bar_n as_o thy_o father_n be_v knightlies_n case_n trin._n 41._o eliz._n b._n r._n hobb_n pl._n 145._o nor_o for_o this_o thou_o get_v thy_o live_n by_o extortion_n nor_o for_o this_o thou_o extortion_n extortion_n get_v thy_o live_n by_o swear_v and_o forswear_v croo._n 1._o last_o publish_v 603._o nor_o for_o this_o i_o will_v have_v he_o throw_v over_o the_o bar_n the_o next_o term_n hobb_n rep._n 1._o 59_o box_n and_o barnaby_n case_n nor_o for_o this_o he_o be_v or_o will_v be_v pick_v over_o the_o bar_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v say_v to_o lie_v for_o this_o he_o be_v pick_v over_o the_o bar_n this_o action_n will_v lie_v also_o for_o a_o attorney_n or_o such_o like_a kind_n of_o officer_n skill_n for_o lack_v of_o skill_n for_o these_o word_n viz._n thou_o be_v the_o simple_a attorney_n towards_o the_o law_n mich._n 39_o 40_o eliz._n b._n r._n martin_n case_n so_o for_o this_o he_o be_v the_o foolish_a attorney_n towards_o the_o law_n and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o overthrow_v your_o cause_n i_o will_v give_v you_o my_o ear_n he_o be_v a_o fool_n and_o a_o ass_n and_o so_o i_o will_v prove_v he_o croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v 589._o goldsb_n rep._n 128._o hobb_n rep._n pl._n 117._o so_o for_o this_o thou_o have_v no_o skill_n in_o thy_o office_n but_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o have_v no_o skill_n in_o husbandry_n or_o the_o like_a but_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o these_o word_n say_v of_o a_o attorney_n he_o be_v a_o knave_n and_o a_o cozen_a knave_n and_o do_v take_v fee_n on_o both_o hand_n in_o a_o suit_n between_o i_o and_o greene_n and_o by_o knavery_n suffer_v i_o to_o be_v condemn_v at_o ipswich_n at_o green_n suit_n wilful_o be_v attorney_n for_o i_o see_v march_n of_o slander_n 1_o part_n 78._o but_o this_o case_n seem_v to_o other_o to_o be_v out_o of_o doubt_n actionable_a so_o it_o be_v say_v by_o some_o that_o it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v the_o dishone_a attorney_n in_o england_n and_o if_o any_o be_v more_o dishonest_a than_o thou_o he_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v unless_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v with_o reference_n to_o his_o office_n or_o practice_v and_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o averment_n make_v that_o averment_n averment_n there_o be_v a_o dishonest_a attorney_n in_o england_n croo._n 1._o 29._o and_o this_o also_o be_v here_o to_o be_v add_v 1_o that_o where_o the_o word_n in_o the_o case_n before_o name_v be_v actionable_a there_o will_v be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o special_a averment_n of_o loss_n averment_n averment_n 2_o that_o where_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a in_o themselves_o yet_o if_o the_o party_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v have_v any_o special_a loss_n by_o they_o they_o may_v perhaps_o be_v actionable_a 3_o these_o kind_n of_o slanderous_a word_n be_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o rule_v lay_v down_o in_o other_o case_n for_o other_o actionable_a word_n they_o must_v be_v certain_a false_a malicious_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o qualification_n etc._n etc._n for_o if_o the_o word_n be_v true_a
to_o be_v competent_a to_o give_v a_o oath_n without_o a_o commission_n yelverton_n rep._n 72._o case_n 40._o heak_o and_o molton_n trin._n 4._o jac._n b._n r._n a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o this_o barreter_n common_a barreter_n thou_o be_v a_o common_a barreter_n and_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v and_o by_o the_o court_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o the_o offence_n be_v deer_n breaker_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o forest_n rogue_n hunter_n of_o deer_n only_o finable_a and_o to_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o good_a behaviour_n as_o to_o say_v that_o a_o man_n have_v break_v the_o peace_n or_o be_v a_o common_a rogue_n or_o a_o common_a hunter_n of_o deer_n or_o a_o common_a breaker_n of_o forest_n be_v not_o actionable_a so_o to_o say_v i._n s._n will_v have_v kill_v i_o but_o to_o say_v he_o do_v lie_v in_o wait_n to_o kill_v i_o be_v actionable_a so_o he_o prepare_v poison_n to_o kill_v i._o s._n but_o for_o this_o word_n intent_n of_o murder_n endeavour_n of_o murder_n general_n and_o incertain_a word_n he_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v these_o be_v too_o general_a and_o incertain_a to_o ground_v a_o action_n upon_o and_o thereby_o fenner_n justice_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v adjudge_v to_o lie_v for_o this_o thou_o be_v as_o very_o a_o thief_n as_o any_o in_o warwick_n gaol_n with_o a_o averment_n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o thief_n in_o particular_a yelverton_n rep._n 99_o case_n 41._o action_n for_o these_o word_n master_n toplife_n have_v forge_v and_o counterfeit_v forgery_n charge_v of_o forgery_n a_o certificate_n to_o a_o commission_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o have_v forge_v and_o counterfeit_a mr._n bircket_n and_o mr._n savells_n hand_n the_o commissioner_n and_o have_v put_v their_o hand_n to_o it_o by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o get_v a_o verdict_n in_o the_o exchequer_n whereas_o otherwise_o he_o must_v needs_o have_v have_v the_o foil_n upon_o not_o guilty_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n damage_n ten_o pound_n and_o it_o be_v allege_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o action_n do_v not_o lie_v because_o it_o be_v not_o show_v what_o commission_n it_o be_v nor_o in_o what_o suit_n so_o as_o the_o defendant_n may_v give_v answer_n to_o it_o but_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n croo._n 1_o part_n last_o publish_v fol._n 72._o case_n 42._o action_n for_o word_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o minister_n the_o defendant_n minister_n slander_v spiritual_n of_o of_o a_o minister_n say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o have_v two_o wife_n to_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v deprive_v upon_o not_o guilty_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n cook_n move_v in_o a_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a incontinency_n incontinency_n for_o it_o be_v a_o spiritual_a fault_n as_o to_o call_v one_o heretic_n etc._n etc._n but_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o minister_n this_o be_v a_o defamation_n heretic_n heretic_n and_o cause_n of_o depravation_n if_o true_a yet_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v fol._n 94._o case_n 43._o action_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o cozen_a knave_n thou_o have_v cozen_v knave_n cozen_v knave_n i_o of_o twenty_o pound_n at_o such_o a_o place_n and_o such_o a_o man_n of_o twenty_o pound_n and_o there_o be_v never_o a_o george_n in_o england_n but_o he_o be_v a_o cozen_a fellow_n upon_o not_o guilty_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v rule_v incertain_a word_n general_a and_o incertain_a that_o the_o action_n lie_v not_o for_o wray_n say_v they_o be_v too_o general_a to_o bear_v a_o action_n and_o a_o man_n be_v to_o suffer_v no_o plague_n or_o loss_n for_o those_o word_n if_o they_o be_v true_a and_o one_o egletons_n case_n be_v cite_v to_o be_v adjudge_v thou_o be_v a_o cozen_a coroner_n for_o thou_o have_v cozen_v j._n s._n of_o his_o land_n no_o action_n lie_v and_o wray_n say_v that_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n between_o warker_n and_o middlemore_n which_o do_v depend_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n action_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o cozener_n for_o thou_o have_v i_o to_o coventry_n and_o do_v cozen_v i_o of_o eighty_o pound_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o queen_n bench_n but_o it_o be_v never_o move_v in_o that_o court_n for_o if_o it_o have_v they_o will_v not_o have_v give_v judgement_n nota._n trin._n 30._o that_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v fol._n 95._o case_n 44._o action_n upon_o the_o case_n and_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v a_o justice_n of_o horse_n charge_v of_o steal_v of_o a_o horse_n peace_n in_o the_o county_n of_o n._n and_o whereas_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o loyal_a subject_n etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n malicious_o intend_v to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o good_a name_n and_o fame_n do_v direct_v his_o warrant_n and_o show_v it_o in_o certainty_n etc._n etc._n to_o divers_a constable_n to_o attatch_v he_o allege_v he_o be_v accuse_v of_o the_o steal_n deed_n slander_v by_o deed_n of_o the_o horse_n of_o a._n b._n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v arrest_v till_o he_o put_v in_o bond_n to_o appear_v etc._n etc._n ubi_fw-la re_fw-la vera_fw-la he_o be_v never_o accuse_v nor_o do_v steal_v the_o horse_n the_o defendant_n do_v know_v he_o to_o be_v guiltless_a by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o be_v great_o discredit_v upon_o non_fw-la culp_v plead_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o clench_v and_o gawdy_a the_o action_n be_v maintainable_a if_o a_o man_n be_v accuse_v to_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n for_o a_o offence_n for_o which_o he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v arrest_v by_o his_o warrant_n although_o the_o accusation_n be_v false_a yet_o he_o be_v accusable_a but_o if_o the_o party_n be_v never_o accuse_v but_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o malice_n and_o own_o head_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v arrest_v it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o they_o command_v judgement_n to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n 14._o h._n 8._o croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v fol._n 130._o case_n 45._o action_n for_o word_n for_o call_v he_o a_o rebellious_a and_o traitorous_a knave_n after_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o treason_n charge_v of_o treason_n action_n do_v not_o lie_v for_o rebellious_a may_v be_v upon_o a_o proclamation_n of_o rebellion_n out_o of_o chancery_n or_o other_o court_n and_o when_o traitorous_a and_o rebellious_a be_v couple_v together_o they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o sense_n curia_n for_o the_o word_n rebellious_a knave_n action_n lie_v not_o but_o traitorous_a be_v join_v with_o it_o action_n lie_v and_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v judgement_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v 171._o case_n 46._o action_n for_o these_o word_n tibbot_n and_o one_o gough_n agree_v to_o have_v hire_v a_o man_n charge_v of_o a_o agreement_n to_o kill_v a_o man_n man_n to_o kill_v i_o and_o that_o gough_n shall_v show_v i_o to_o the_o hire_a man_n to_o kill_v i_o and_o upon_o not_o guilty_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o a_o action_n lie_v for_o these_o word_n and_o so_o hold_v gawdy_n for_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o any_o act_n be_v do_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n nor_o any_o thing_n put_v in_o re_fw-mi by_o he_o but_o only_o a_o communication_n between_o he_o and_o g._n but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v he_o have_v hire_v a_o man_n to_o kill_v i_o fenner_n contra_fw-la for_o it_o be_v a_o ill_a part_n for_o which_o he_o may_v be_v bind_v to_o his_o good_a behaviour_n wray_n be_v absent_a but_o afterward_o wray_n be_v present_a he_o agree_v with_o fenner_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o gawdy_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v fol._n 191._o case_n 47._o action_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v lay_v of_o the_o french-pox_n adjudge_v pox._fw-la pox._fw-la actionable_a and_o fenner_n say_v it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n that_o for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v lay_v of_o the_o pox_n action_n do_v lie_v for_o it_o can_v be_v intend_v but_o of_o the_o french-pox_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v fol._n 214._o case_n 48._o action_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o mutinous_a and_o seditious_a man_n and_o do_v word_n charge_v of_o sedition_n adjective_n word_n procure_v the_o queen_n subject_n to_o sedition_n gawdy_n the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o it_o be_v not_o say_v he_o move_v they_o to_o sedition_n against_o the_o queen_n and_o to_o this_o
this_o thou_o be_v whip_v about_o taunton_n or_o burn_v in_o the_o hand_n or_o shoulder_n for_o steal_a sheep_n hill_n case_n mich._n 8._o car._n 1._o b._n r._n nor_o for_o this_o he_o be_v detect_v for_o perjury_n coo._n 4._o 16._o nor_o for_o this_o thou_o be_v a_o false_a knave_n thou_o be_v arraign_v for_o two_o bullock_n or_o for_o thou_o be_v arraign_v for_o steal_v two_o bullock_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v 279._o nor_o for_o this_o he_o hold_v up_o his_o hand_n at_o the_o bar_n for_o felony_n see_v brownl_n 2._o part_n 272._o and_o therefore_o where_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v for_o such_o like_a word_n as_o these_o he_o be_v indict_v for_o felony_n at_o w._n session_n or_o he_o be_v impeach_v for_o felony_n or_o he_o be_v accuse_v for_o felony_n the_o plaintiff_n must_v avert_v that_o there_o be_v re_z vera_fw-la not_o such_o thing_n do_v otherwise_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v hobb_n rep._n pl._n 196._o 289._o it_o be_v say_v it_o will_v lie_v for_o this_o i_o will_v indict_v he_o for_o steal_v of_o my_o horse_n hutton_n rep._n 58._o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o this_o i_o will_v pawn_v my_o shirt_n i_o etc._n i_o can_v hang_v thou_o etc._n etc._n will_v hang_v he_o for_o &c_n &c_n winch_v rep._n 124._o and_o yet_o it_o be_v say_v not_o to_o lie_v for_o this_o it_o be_v in_o my_o power_n to_o hang_v thou_o pasche_o 7._o jac._n b._n r._n brownl_n 2._o part_n 280._o so_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o lie_v for_o these_o word_n as_o sure_a as_o you_o believe_v god_n rule_v the_o world_n and_o the_o king_n rule_v the_o kingdom_n so_o sure_o do_v whorewood_n thief_n sure_o it_o be_v that_o j._n s._n be_v a_o thief_n steal_v my_o horse_n winch._n rep._n 124._o hugh_n abridgement_n 37._o so_o also_o for_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a j._n s._n be_v a_o thief_n it_o be_v say_v it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o this_o i_o have_v serve_v thou_o with_o the_o queen_n letter_n for_o steal_v of_o good_n out_o of_o my_o mother_n house_n croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v 234._o so_o likewise_o for_o this_o master_n bear_v witness_n he_o be_v a_o thief_n hutton_n theft_n theft_n rep._n 39_o but_o quere_z of_o this_o it_o be_v general_o hold_v that_o the_o word_n that_o shall_v bear_v a_o action_n must_v be_v thief_n word_n speak_v in_o a_o unknown_a language_n sect._n 7._o thief_n utter_v in_o a_o language_n that_o one_o of_o they_o at_o the_o least_o that_o do_v hear_v they_o do_v understand_v and_o therefore_o that_o to_o call_v a_o man_n thief_n in_o welch_n or_o in_o latin_a before_o such_o person_n neither_o of_o which_o do_v understand_v the_o tongue_n that_o this_o will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n and_o yet_o some_o doubt_n much_o of_o this_o for_o they_o may_v remember_v the_o word_n and_o inquire_v and_o so_o come_v to_o know_v what_o it_o be_v hobb_n rep._n pl._n 63._o 276._o 126._o hugh_n abridgement_n 37._o croo._n rep._n 1._o last_o treason_n by_o way_n of_o caution_n treason_n publish_v 496._o 497._o 865._o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o word_n thus_o speak_v take_v heed_n that_o you_o do_v not_o speak_v treason_n bulstr_n 1._o 143._o it_o be_v say_v it_o will_v lie_v for_o this_o he_o have_v deserve_v to_o stand_v on_o the_o pillory_n etc._n he_o have_v deserve_v etc._n etc._n bulstr_n 1._o part_n 147._o and_o yet_o it_o be_v say_v it_o will_v not_o lie_v for_o this_o thou_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v mich._n 4._o jac._n b._n r._n nor_o for_o this_o thou_o have_v deserve_v hang_v croo._n 1._o last_o publish_v 470._o nor_o for_o this_o he_o will_v come_v home_o if_o he_o escape_v the_o gallow_n for_o he_o have_v deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v nor_o for_o this_o if_o thou_o have_v thy_o right_n thou_o have_v be_v hang_v brownl_n 1._o part_n 3._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o these_o word_n thus_o speak_v i_o treason_n i_o fear_v you_o will_v be_v arrest_v etc._n etc._n felony_n i_o doubt_v you_o will_v be_v find_v guilty_a etc._n etc._n treason_n treason_n fear_v you_o will_v be_v charge_v with_o or_o arrest_v for_o felony_n nor_o for_o word_n thus_o speak_v take_v heed_n you_o be_v not_o arrest_v for_o felony_n hobb_n rep._n pl._n 381._o 286._o nor_o for_o word_n thus_o speak_v i_o doubt_v or_o i_o fear_v whether_o your_o word_n be_v not_o treason_n and_o i_o shall_v advise_v upon_o they_o bulstr_n 1._o part_n 143._o 148._o it_o be_v hold_v to_o lie_v for_o word_n thus_o speak_v i_o do_v tell_v mr._n carne_n that_o i_o be_o neither_o traitor_n to_o my_o prince_n nor_o rebel_n to_o my_o country_n as_o j._n s._n and_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v to_o mr._n coxell_n albeit_o they_o be_v never_o speak_v to_o mr._n carne_n nor_o to_o any_o but_o to_o coxell_n himself_o and_o so_o for_o this_o if_o i_o say_v to_o a._n go_v tell_v b._n he_o be_v a_o thief_n albeit_o a._n do_v never_o tell_v b._n of_o it_o mich._n 9_o jac._n fox_n case_n b._n r._n it_o be_v hold_v that_o this_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o word_n thus_o utter_v thou_o be_v as_o theft_n thou_o be_v as_o very_o a_o thief_n as_o any_o in_o the_o gaol_n averment_n theft_n very_o a_o thief_n as_o any_o in_o warwick_n gaol_n or_o as_o any_o in_o england_n so_o as_o he_o aver_v that_o there_o be_v a_o thief_n in_o warwick_n gaol_n or_o in_o england_n and_o what_o thief_n it_o be_v but_o not_o otherwise_o nor_o will_v it_o lie_v for_o these_o word_n if_o ever_o man_n be_v perjure_v williams_n be_v because_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o any_o perjury_n perjury_n man_n be_v perjure_v bulstr_n 1._o part_n 40._o noys_n rep._n 116._o sed_fw-la quere_z of_o this_o last_o case_n winche_n rep._n 70._o 89._o it_o be_v say_v this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o word_n thus_o utter_v i_o suspect_v you_o theft_n i_o suspect_v you_o etc._n etc._n sect._n 8._o theft_n for_o steal_v of_o my_o horse_n hutton_n rep._n 18._o 19_o nor_o for_o this_o i_o doubt_v not_o to_o see_v j._n s._n indict_v at_o the_o next_o assize_n for_o barratry_n or_o sheep-stealing_a as_o george_n bland_n for_o he_o be_v indict_v at_o the_o last_o assize_n for_o steal_v of_o sheep_n albeit_o it_o be_v not_o say_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o he_o be_v not_o indict_v barratry_n barratry_n hutton_n rep._n 18._o 19_o but_o here_o we_o must_v and_o to_o the_o case_n before_o put_v upon_o this_o head_n these_o follow_a caution_n to_o be_v observe_v 1_o that_o in_o many_o of_o the_o case_n before_o mention_v under_o this_o head_n the_o word_n there_o mention_v that_o be_v say_v not_o to_o be_v actionable_a in_o another_o case_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v speak_v to_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o some_o such_o like_a officer_n with_o reference_n to_o his_o office_n they_o may_v be_v actionable_a hutton_n rep._n 131._o 2_o that_o not_o innuendo_fw-la will_v alter_v the_o case_n or_o make_v the_o word_n not_o actionable_a in_o themselves_o to_o be_v actionable_a by_o the_o innuendo_fw-la 3_o that_o in_o some_o of_o the_o case_n before_o cite_v as_o to_o the_o frame_n of_o word_n not_o to_o be_v actionable_a that_o there_o perhaps_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o special_a averment_n add_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o his_o declaration_n the_o same_o word_n may_v be_v make_v actionable_a and_o therein_o especial_o wherein_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v afterward_o have_v a_o verdict_n give_v for_o he_o also_o in_o the_o case_n 4_o that_o in_o some_o of_o the_o case_n note_v not_o to_o be_v actionable_a for_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o word_n the_o precedent_n or_o subsequent_a word_n speak_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o they_o may_v make_v they_o actionable_a for_o as_o the_o precedent_n and_o subsequent_a word_n may_v make_v actionable_a word_n speak_v at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o actionable_a so_o may_v they_o make_v word_n not_o actionable_a to_o be_v actionable_a 5_o that_o in_o many_o case_n where_o the_o word_n original_o speak_v for_o their_o incertainty_n may_v not_o be_v actionable_a yet_o after_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o case_n the_o action_n may_v become_v maintainable_a 6_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v be_v very_o careful_a how_o he_o declare_v in_o his_o action_n upon_o any_o such_o word_n speak_v and_o the_o defendant_n likewise_o how_o he_o plead_v for_o either_o of_o they_o may_v much_o disadvantage_n themselves_o thereby_o 7_o that_o many_o of_o these_o case_n seem_v very_o difficult_a and_o questionable_a and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o he_o that_o be_v to_o sue_v in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o be_v well_o advise_v by_o the_o lawyer_n therein_o and_o now_o we_o shall_v come_v to_o
plead_v plead_v of_o all_o the_o word_n or_o of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o last_o word_n adjudge_v the_o justification_n be_v not_o good_a and_o therefore_o the_o plea_n vicious_a and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n hilsden_n and_o mercer_n case_n croo._n 2_o part_n 676._o hilsden_n versus_fw-la mercer_n case_n 153._o hill_n 43_o eliz._n humphrey_n parlour_n sue_v for_o this_o parlour_n be_v in_o prison_n in_o a_o theft_n manner_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o theft_n gaol_n for_o steal_v of_o mr._n piggot_n beast_n and_o have_v a_o verdict_n and_o judgement_n upon_o it_o goldsb_n 130._o case_n 154._o mich._n 39_o 40_o eliz._n brough_n versus_fw-la dennison_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o have_v incertain_a charge_v of_o theft_n by_o word_n incertain_a steal_v by_o the_o highway_n side_n and_o the_o word_n be_v not_o hold_v actionable_a goldsb_n 143._o case_n 155._o mich._n jac._n b._n r._n the_o defendant_n speak_v these_o word_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n he_o mean_v the_o plaintiff_n for_o malice_n and_o spleen_n do_v many_o time_n wrest_v the_o law_n and_o pervert_v justice_n to_o serve_v his_o peace_n slander_v of_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n own_o turn_n it_o be_v move_v it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o there_o be_v communication_n with_o any_o other_o of_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o that_o it_o be_v about_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o office_n and_o then_o the_o word_n he_o do_v etc._n etc._n non_fw-la constat_fw-la whether_o the_o stander_n by_o know_v they_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o word_n that_o he_o do_v many_o time_n wrest_v the_o law_n etc._n etc._n might_n be_v speak_v long_o before_o he_o be_v a_o justice_n but_o adjudge_v the_o action_n do_v lie_v the_o declaration_n be_v that_o he_o the_o prefate_n thomas_n dixit_fw-la and_o second_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o worst_a sense_n to_o scandalize_v he_o in_o his_o office_n sir_n tho._n beaumond_n and_o sir_n hen._n hastings_n case_n croo._n 2_o part_n 240._o case_n 156._o pasche_fw-it 30_o eliz._n cutts_n versus_fw-la robbins_n this_o action_n be_v bring_v and_o king_n word_n speak_v in_o the_o time_n of_o another_o king_n they_o be_v at_o issue_n and_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o he_o have_v judgement_n albeit_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v in_o the_o time_n of_o q._n marry_o and_o perhaps_o the_o offence_n of_o that_o nature_n be_v pardon_v goldsb_n 85._o case_n 157._o hill_n 43_o eliz._n hugh_o hall_n sue_v for_o this_o that_o whereas_o he_o have_v lose_v cloth_n and_o search_v after_o it_o that_o the_o defendant_n say_v hugh_n hall_n have_v receive_v theft_n charge_v of_o be_v accessary_a to_o a_o theft_n three_o parcel_n of_o his_o cloth_n again_o of_o the_o thief_n and_o if_o i_o receive_v any_o hurt_n henceforth_o i_o will_v charge_v he_o with_o it_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a goldsb_n 119._o hall_n case_n case_n 158._o the_o same_o term_n richard_n somerstaile_v sue_v for_o this_o r._n s._n be_v a_o very_a drunkenness_n drunkenness_n bad_a fellow_n for_o he_o make_v i._o s._n drunken_a in_o the_o night_n and_o cozen_v he_o of_o a_o hundred_o mark_n and_o judgement_n be_v stay_v for_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o cozen_v cozen_v word_n be_v not_o actionable_a goldsb_n 125._o case_n 159._o hill_n 7_o jac._n b._n r._n the_o defendant_n at_o w._n in_o the_o county_n of_o g._n in_o the_o hear_n of_o divers_a speak_v these_o word_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o counsellor_n counsellor_n slander_v of_o a_o counsellor_n at_o law_n you_o be_v a_o paltry_a lawyer_n and_o use_v to_o play_v on_o both_o hand_n and_o at_o another_o time_n before_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o gloucester_n for_o he_o speak_v to_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n i_o hope_v you_o will_v not_o believe_v mr._n rich_a for_o he_o innuendo_fw-la mr._n rich_a be_v the_o furtherer_n and_o maintainer_n felon_n maintainer_n of_o felon_n of_o felony_n adjudge_v the_o first_o word_v not_o actionable_a but_o the_o last_o word_n viz._n that_o he_o be_v a_o furtherer_n of_o felony_n be_v actionable_a and_o so_o be_v it_o adjudge_v in_o sir_n hen._n lea_n case_n rich_a and_o holt_n case_n croo._n 2_o part_n 266._o case_n 160._o trin._n 29_o eliz._n a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n thou_o will_v endeavour_v charge_v of_o a_o attempt_n or_o endeavour_v have_v steal_v a_o piece_n of_o cloth_n or_o else_o thou_o will_v have_v deliver_v it_o to_o my_o wife_n daughter_n and_o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o a_o arrant_a thief_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v they_o be_v actionable_a upon_o the_o last_o word_n otherwise_o perhaps_o it_o be_v where_o the_o word_n be_v and_o therefore_o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n norman_n case_n goldsb_n 56._o and_o hill_n 30_o eliz._n edward_n smith_n sue_v warner_n for_o this_o theft_n theft_n i_o be_v rob_v of_o good_n to_o the_o value_n of_o forty_o pound_n and_o they_o be_v steal_v by_o smith_n and_o his_o household_n innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n and_o a._n his_o wife_n and_o b._n their_o servant_n and_o upon_o not_o guilty_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o he_o have_v judgement_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o each_o of_o they_o may_v have_v several_a action_n for_o the_o slander_n goldsb_n 76._o case_n 161._o pasch_fw-mi 9_o jac._n b._n r._n action_n for_o these_o word_n mr._n berisford_n mean_v treason_n charge_v indirect_a of_o treason_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v speak_v treason_n and_o that_o i_o will_v prove_v move_v the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a 1_o because_o there_o be_v no_o express_a affirmation_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o traitor_n 2_o the_o word_n that_o i_o will_v prove_v be_v quasi_fw-la by_o way_n of_o argument_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v in_o ill_a part_n but_o the_o opinion_n of_o three_o of_o the_o justice_n be_v that_o the_o word_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v argumentative_a but_o affirmative_a and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o consent_n of_o party_n the_o judge_n be_v divide_v in_o it_o berisford_n and_o cress_n case_n croo._n 2._o 275._o case_n 162._o hill_n 10_o jac._n morton_n versus_fw-la leedel_n the_o action_n be_v for_o this_o he_o be_v a_o lyar._n mainsworn_a fellow_n lyar._n lie_a dissemble_a fellow_n and_o a_o mainsworn_a and_o forswear_a fellow_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n after_o divers_a motion_n brownl_n and_o goldsb_n 4._o case_n 163._o hill_n 15_o jac._n harding_n versus_fw-la bulman_n the_o plaintiff_n declare_v that_o before_o this_o he_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o b._n for_o slanderous_a word_n to_o which_o he_o charge_n indirect_a charge_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n give_v evidence_n to_o the_o jury_n to_o impeach_v the_o plaintiff_n testimony_n that_o he_o be_v a_o common_a liar_n and_o so_o record_v utterance_n manner_n of_o utterance_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n by_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n give_v he_o the_o less_o damage_n in_o this_o case_n the_o court_n agree_v that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v goldsb_n and_o brownl_n 2._o case_n 164._o pasche_o 29_o eliz._n a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o this_o thou_o do_v harbour_v traitor_n harbour_v rebel_n and_o traitor_n and_o maintain_v rebel_n and_o traitor_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v to_o lie_v without_o this_o averment_n that_o he_o know_v they_o to_o be_v such_o goldsb_n and_o brownl_n 1_o part_n 48._o case_n 165._o trin._n 14_o jac._n b._n r._n rot._n 39_o a_o action_n for_o these_o word_n the_o 12_o decemb_v treason_n charge_v of_o treason_n 13_o jac._n that_o john_n piers_n do_v say_v that_o john_n lewis_n mean_v the_o plaintiff_n do_v say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o prince_n in_o england_n whereas_o re_fw-la vera_fw-la j._n piers_n never_o speak_v any_o such_o word_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n add_v that_o the_o king_n &_o his_o son_n prince_n charles_n be_v then_o in_o england_n it_o be_v move_v 1_o that_o it_o be_v but_o the_o report_n of_o another_o and_o not_o his_o own_o speech_n 2_o it_o be_v not_o show_v when_o the_o word_n be_v use_v for_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o q._n eliz._n but_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o action_n lie_v for_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v he_o speak_v they_o in_o the_o worst_a sense_n to_o draw_v he_o in_o question_n for_o his_o life_n and_o they_o touch_v he_o in_o his_o loyalty_n which_o be_v a_o capital_a offence_n if_o true_a and_o he_o add_v the_o word_n be_v never_o speak_v wherefore_o he_o can_v show_v any_o time_n of_o speak_v of_o that_o which_o be_v never_o speak_v lewis_n and_o walâ—ers_n case_n croo._n 2._o 406._o &_o 413._o bulstrode_n 3._o 225._o case_n 166._o pasche_o 14_o jac._n b._n r._n smead_n and_o badleys_n case_n the_o
plaintiff_n declare_v land_n slander_v of_o a_o title_n to_o land_n that_o his_o brother_n die_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o die_v seize_v thereof_o without_o issue_n and_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o he_o as_o heir_n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o settle_v part_n of_o it_o upon_o his_o son_n and_o to_o make_v lease_n of_o part_n of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o defendant_n to_o frustrate_v his_o intent_n use_v these_o word_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v no_o more_o right_a to_o the_o land_n than_o a_o stranger_n it_o be_v adjudge_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n because_o he_o do_v not_o show_v any_o cause_n of_o loss_n that_o he_o be_v about_o to_o make_v a_o lease_n or_o assurance_n of_o it_o to_o his_o son_n but_o that_o he_o have_v a_o intent_n only_o croo._n 2._o 397._o 337._o owen_n rep._n 32._o pophams_n rep._n 187._o case_n 167._o trin._n 18_o jac._n b._n r._n action_n for_o these_o word_n the_o plaintiff_n allege_v that_o 1._o april_n 17_o jac._n he_o be_v a_o merchant_n and_o the_o say_v 1._o april_n 17_o jac._n the_o defendant_n speak_v these_o word_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n he_o be_v a_o bankrupt_a bankrupt_a bankrupt_a slave_n the_o defendant_n justify_v because_o 1_o april_n 17_o jac._n the_o plaintiff_n become_v bankrupt_a but_o adjudge_v the_o word_n actionable_a and_o the_o defendant_n bar_v insufficient_a because_o he_o do_v not_o allege_v he_o continue_v still_o a_o bankrupt_a for_o it_o may_v be_v he_o afterward_o recover_v himself_o and_o become_v a_o good_a merchant_n judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n usher_n and_o bretts_n case_n croo._n 2._o 578._o case_n 168._o trin._n 22_o jac._n in_o c._n b._n action_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v as_o arrant_a a_o theft_n indirect_a word_n theft_n thief_n as_o be_v any_o in_o england_n for_o thou_o have_v break_v up_o i._n s._n his_o chest_n and_o take_v away_o forty_o pound_n after_o verdict_n and_o motion_n to_o arrest_v the_o judgement_n it_o be_v adjudge_v the_o first_o word_n without_o any_o averment_n will_v not_o maintain_v a_o action_n and_o the_o last_o word_n do_v not_o prove_v any_o felony_n commit_v and_o the_o money_n may_v be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o chest_n break_v open_a upon_o pretence_n of_o tithe_n and_o in_o midday_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o divers_a and_o then_o it_o be_v no_o felony_n judgement_n be_v for_o the_o defendant_n and_o there_o this_o case_n be_v put_v by_o hobbard_n thou_o be_v a_o thief_n for_o thou_o have_v steal_v away_o my_o corn_n not_o actionable_a but_o if_o he_o say_v for_o thou_o have_v steal_v my_o corn_n contra_fw-la foster_n and_o browning_n case_n croo._n 2._o 687._o case_n 169._o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o attorney_n in_o b._n r._n for_o one_o ecombridge_n prosecute_v for_o he_o a_o latitat_fw-la against_o lord_n which_o he_o deliver_v to_o the_o sheriff_n lawyer_n slander_v of_o a_o lawyer_n upon_o which_o lord_n be_v arrest_v the_o defendant_n have_v speech_n with_o ecombridge_n concern_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o his_o honesty_n as_o a_o attorney_n and_o concern_v the_o say_v latitat_fw-la ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la say_v these_o word_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n go_v tell_v your_o lawyer_n roberts_n that_o i_o say_v he_o be_v a_o base_a rascal_n and_o i_o will_v make_v he_o lose_v his_o ear_n and_o i_o will_v teach_v he_o or_o any_o lawyer_n of_o they_o all_o to_o have_v a_o writ_n serve_v on_o i_o upon_o not_o guilty_a it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o upon_o debate_n between_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a trin._n 3._o car._n 1._o rot_n 1170._o in_o b._n r._n roberts_n and_o lord_n case_n ley._n 70._o case_n 170._o action_n for_o word_n the_o plaintiff_n declare_v that_o one_o name_v carolus_n be_v incertainty_n charge_v of_o perjury_n incertainty_n of_o good_a fame_n and_o name_n the_o defendant_n say_v â—e_a prefato_n carolâ—_n where_o be_v this_o baker_n innuendo_fw-la caroius_n baker_n he_o have_v take_v a_o false_a oath_n and_o i_o can_v make_v he_o look_v through_o the_o pillory_n it_o be_v move_v that_o the_o innuendo_fw-la innuendo_fw-la innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o make_v it_o good_a there_o be_v no_o baker_n speak_v of_o before_o but_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o court_n be_v the_o declaration_n be_v good_a and_o if_o one_o say_v of_o a_o counsellor_n where_o be_v this_o counsellor_n innuendo_fw-la such_o a_o one_o it_o be_v good_a adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n trin._n 13._o jac._n in_o b._n r._n baker_n case_n bulstrod_n 3._o part_n 72._o case_n 171._o action_n bring_v for_o these_o word_n sir_n herbert_n crofts_n keep_v man_n to_o rob_v i_o the_o truth_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v rob_v by_o two_o of_o sir_n herbert_n i_o he_o keep_v man_n to_o rob_v i_o crofts_n man_n and_o upon_o this_o the_o defendant_n speak_v the_o word_n but_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o say_v that_o he_o do_v keep_v they_o so_o to_o do_v it_o be_v agree_v by_o cook_n chief_a justice_n and_o all_o the_o court_n that_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o those_o word_n for_o that_o there_o be_v do_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v his_o keep_v of_o they_o to_o be_v lawful_a and_o the_o word_n to_o rob_v i_o this_o be_v but_o a_o intent_n and_o purpose_n inclination_n and_o purpose_n no_o act_n and_o a_o intent_n without_o a_o act_n be_v not_o punishable_a and_o hill_n 39_o eliz._n in_o c._n b._n snag_n and_o gee_n case_n be_v vouch_v by_o cook_n where_o the_o word_n be_v thou_o have_v kill_v my_o wife_n and_o it_o appear_v the_o wife_n be_v then_o live_v adjudge_v the_o word_n not_o actionable_a in_o the_o principal_a case_n it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o judgement_n be_v arrest_v because_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a pasche_o 14._o jac._n b._n r._n sir_n herbert_n crofts_n and_o brown_n case_n bulstr_n 3._o part_n 161._o case_n 172._o in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o word_n it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n theft_n charge_v of_o theft_n it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o declaration_n cum_fw-la quidam_fw-la malifactores_fw-la ignoti_fw-la have_v felonious_o shear_v the_o sheep_n of_o j._n s._n upon_o a_o communication_n have_v between_o the_o defendant_n and_o another_o touch_v the_o shear_n of_o these_o sheep_n the_o defendant_n speak_v these_o word_n i_o do_v know_v who_o do_v shear_v the_o sheep_n predict_v j._n s._n innuendo_fw-la word_n general_n and_o incertain_a word_n the_o other_o desire_a of_o she_o who_o this_o be_v she_o answer_v it_o be_v the_o plaintiff_n and_o m._n that_o do_v shear_v they_o innuendo_fw-la felonice_n it_o be_v upon_o innuendo_fw-la innuendo_fw-la motion_n for_o stay_v of_o judgement_n adjudge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a and_o that_o the_o general_a word_n shall_v not_o be_v restrain_v to_o particular_a and_o the_o innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o help_v it_o and_o in_o the_o declaration_n it_o be_v lay_v there_o be_v communication_n betwixt_o the_o defendant_n and_o another_o concern_v the_o shear_n of_o the_o sheep_n but_o not_o concern_v the_o felony_n and_o it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o she_o do_v know_v who_o do_v shear_v the_o sheep_n felonious_o but_o who_o do_v shear_v they_o general_o and_o the_o scandal_n grow_v out_o of_o a_o inference_n only_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v to_o make_v word_n actionable_a but_o the_o word_n themselves_o ought_v to_o be_v direct_o scandalous_a judgement_n be_v arrest_v mich._n 13._o jac._n b._n r._n helly_n and_o hender_n case_n balstr_n 3._o part_n 83._o case_n 173._o hill_n 9_o jac._n rot_n 832._o b._n r._n action_n for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o bankrupt_a thief_n bankrupt_a rogue_n knave_n thief_n rogue_n and_o account_v a_o common_a knave_n and_o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n and_o have_v steal_v my_o corn._n adjudge_v the_o first_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a but_o the_o second_o be_v but_o because_o the_o judgement_n be_v entire_a and_o the_o damage_n entire_a the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n entire_a damage_n entire_a bring_v lloyd_n and_o pearse_n case_n croo._n 2._o part_n 424._o case_n 174._o in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o word_n it_o be_v find_v upon_o not_o guilty_a for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o word_n speak_v by_o the_o defendant_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n forgery_n charge_v of_o forgery_n be_v these_o viz._n thou_o have_v forge_a write_n for_o which_o thou_o shall_v lose_v thy_o ear_n it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o declaration_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o practitioner_n solicitor_n and_o steward_n of_o a_o manor_n the_o court_n be_v divide_v in_o opinion_n for_o montague_n chief_a justice_n and_o crook_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a for_o although_o the_o first_o word_n of_o indirect_a charge_v indirect_a themselves_o be_v not_o actionable_a yet_o
without_o show_v that_o she_o do_v act_v any_o witchcraft_n for_o which_o the_o pain_n of_o pillory_n and_o imprisonment_n for_o two_o year_n shall_v be_v inflict_v and_o the_o second_o time_n felony_n and_o that_o the_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o old_a witch_n or_o go_v away_o thou_o old_a witch_n be_v usual_a word_n and_o old_a whore_n bear_v no_o action_n and_o as_o to_o say_v thou_o shall_v be_v hang_v if_o i_o can_v do_v it_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o he_o can_v do_v it_o but_o justice_n crawley_n doubt_v of_o it_o at_o first_o because_o that_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n that_o a_o action_n lie_v for_o call_v one_o witch_n but_o afterward_o he_o say_v that_o he_o have_v speak_v with_o the_o actionable_a witch_z alone_z not_o actionable_a justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n of_o their_o reason_n who_o say_v that_o they_o adjudge_v no_o such_o thing_n unless_o that_o he_o have_v speak_v further_o that_o the_o party_n have_v do_v any_o act_n of_o witchcraft_n punishable_a by_o the_o statute_n hill_n 12._o car._n 1._o hutton_n rep._n 132._o case_n 186._o powel_n a_o attorney_n bring_v this_o action_n for_o these_o word_n i_o have_v matter_n forgery_n slander_v of_o a_o attorney_n forgery_n enough_o against_o he_o for_o master_n harley_n have_v find_v forgery_n and_o can_v prove_v it_o against_o he_o not_o guilty_a plead_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o he_o can_v not_o have_v judgement_n hobb_n rep._n pl._n 382._o 395._o 399._o case_n 187._o pasche_fw-it 9_o car._n 1._o john_n smith_n townclarke_n of_o southampton_n sue_v cornelius_n townclarke_n slander_v of_o a_o officer_n a_o townclarke_n a_o attorney_n who_o set_v forth_o he_o be_v townclarke_n to_o the_o mayor_n and_o burgess_n there_o and_o be_v their_o scribe_n and_o have_v the_o keep_v of_o their_o roll_n plea_n and_o proceed_n before_o they_o in_o their_o court_n etc._n etc._n and_o forgery_n forgery_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n speak_v these_o word_n of_o he_o thou_o have_v make_v many_o a_o false_a certificate_n to_o the_o mayor_n and_o burgess_n in_o that_o court_n and_o the_o more_o thou_o stir_v in_o it_o the_o more_o it_o will_v stink_v and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v not_o actionable_a 1_o because_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o there_o be_v any_o colloquium_fw-la concern_v his_o office_n 2_o because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o make_n of_o certificate_n do_v belong_v to_o his_o office_n 3_o they_o may_v be_v false_a and_o no_o fault_n of_o he_o unless_o he_o know_v of_o it_o hutton_n rep._n 123._o case_n 188._o mich._n 14._o jac._n b._n r._n sir_n john_n sidnhams_n case_n for_o these_o word_n if_o sir_n treason_n charge_v of_o treason_n john_n sidnham_n may_v have_v his_o will_n he_o will_v kill_v all_o the_o true_a subject_n of_o england_n and_o the_o king_n too_o and_o he_o be_v a_o maintainer_n of_o papistry_n and_o rebellious_a person_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o speak_v other_o word_n absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o jury_n find_v these_o word_n to_o be_v the_o word_n i_o think_v in_o my_o conscience_n if_o sr._n john_n sidnham_n might_n etc._n etc._n and_o find_v all_o the_o other_o word_n word_n jury_n find_v other_o word_n verbatim_o etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o judgement_n affirm_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o agree_v that_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o that_o the_o word_n find_v in_o the_o verdict_n be_v the_o same_o in_o substance_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o declaration_n and_o that_o the_o variance_n do_v not_o hurt_v croo._n 2._o 407._o hobb_n rep._n pl._n 213._o case_n 189._o a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o these_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o healer_n of_o felony_n felony_n thou_o be_v a_o healer_n of_o felony_n and_o have_v show_v such_o favour_n to_o a_o horse-stealer_n in_o the_o time_n of_o thy_o constableship_n that_o thereby_o both_o the_o horse_n and_o thief_n be_v convey_v away_o and_o that_o it_o lie_v in_o my_o power_n to_o hang_v thou_o it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o healer_n of_o felony_n be_v a_o word_n know_v in_o devonshire_n where_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v to_o be_v a_o consealer_n or_o hider_n of_o felony_n as_o in_o yorkshire_n to_o say_v to_o one_o thou_o have_v strain_v a_o mare_n will_v bear_v action_n for_o it_o be_v common_o office_n thou_o have_v strain_v a_o mare_n slander_v of_o a_o officer_n when_o out_o of_o his_o office_n take_v to_o steal_v a_o mare_n and_o notwithstanding_o it_o he_o not_o lay_v express_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v constable_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n it_o be_v not_o material_a for_o albeit_o he_o be_v out_o of_o his_o office_n yet_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v slander_v with_o any_o thing_n do_v in_o his_o office_n as_o if_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v put_v out_o of_o commission_n and_o one_o shall_v say_v to_o he_o when_o thou_o be_v justice_n thou_o be_v a_o 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a._n b._n be_v bankrupt_n and_o not_o worth_a a_o groat_n ad_fw-la damnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v find_v by_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v move_v that_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v not_o lay_v precise_o that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o linen-draper_n but_o only_o by_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n past_a to_o which_o yeluerton_n answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o diversity_n between_o slander_n of_o one_o in_o respect_n of_o a_o office_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o a_o trade_n or_o profession_n for_o if_o one_o say_v to_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n he_o be_v a_o briber_n etc._n etc._n he_o ought_v to_o show_v in_o a_o action_n for_o these_o word_n express_o in_o his_o declaration_n that_o he_o be_v a_o justice_n of_o peace_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o word_n speak_v because_o it_o sound_v in_o slander_n of_o his_o person_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o office_n only_o which_o office_n endure_v but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o king_n be_v by_o commission_n but_o where_o a_o man_n be_v slander_v in_o his_o profession_n or_o trade_n there_o it_o need_v not_o be_v so_o precise_o allege_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o word_n speak_v he_o be_v a_o lawyer_n physician_n merchant_n or_o linen-draper_n but_o it_o suffice_v to_o show_v that_o he_o be_v of_o such_o a_o trade_n and_o have_v exercise_v it_o for_o divers_a year_n past_a without_o say_v ultimo_fw-la etc._n declaration_n how_o it_o must_v be_v that_o he_o be_v a_o tradesman_n etc._n etc._n or_o jam_z elapse_v for_o a_o man_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v to_o alter_v his_o trade_n or_o profession_n but_o by_o presumption_n to_o continue_v it_o during_o his_o life_n quod_fw-la fuit_fw-la concessum_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la quod_fw-la nota_fw-la and_o the_o judgement_n be_v affirm_v vid._n trin._n 6._o jac._n rot._n 1272._o for_o the_o case_n accord_n trin._n 38._o eliz._n b._n r._n rot._n 546._o inter_fw-la gardner_n plaintiff_n &_o hopwood_n defendant_n upon_o the_o same_o word_n thou_o be_v a_o bankrupt_a the_o plaintiff_n allege_v quod_fw-la per_fw-la multos_fw-la annos_fw-la jam_fw-la retro_fw-la actos_fw-la artem_fw-la merchandizandi_fw-la videndi_fw-la et_fw-la licite_fw-la barganizandi_fw-la exercuit_fw-la et_fw-la usus_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n tuthill_n vers_fw-la milton_n trin._n 7._o jac._n b._n r._n yelverton_n rep._n 158._o 159._o case_n 191._o the_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o this_o thou_o be_v a_o arrant_a knave_n for_o thou_o good_n accessary_a to_o felony_n receipt_n of_o steal_a good_n have_v buy_v steal_v swine_n and_o a_o steal_a cow_n know_v they_o to_o be_v steal_v adjudge_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o receipt_n or_o sale_n of_o good_n
the_o crown_n blunt_n glossographia_fw-la expound_v term_n of_o the_o law_n bone_n examen_fw-la legum_n angliae_fw-la have_v report_n eleven_o part_n french_a idem_fw-la in_o english_a twelve_o report_v english_a select_a case_n entry_n on_o littleton_n the_o first_o part_n of_o his_o institutes_n i_o on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 2._o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n 3d._n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n four_o complete_a copyholder_n of_o bail_n and_o mainprize_n declaration_n and_o plead_n folio_n read_v on_o statute_n de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la lenatis_fw-la cragge_n de_fw-la feudis_fw-la custom_n of_o no_o mandy_a mr._n cook_n vindication_n of_o the_o law_n poor-mans_n case_n city_n law_n cromptons_n justice_n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n cowell_n interpreter_n institutes_n calais_n readins_n on_o sewer_n ignoramus_n crook_n and_o hutton_n argument_n on_o ship-money_n complete_a clark_n and_o scrivener_n guide_n calthrop_n relation_n of_o manor_n &_o copyhold_n case_n about_o the_o custom_n of_o 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by_o add_v innuendo_fw-la the_o french-pox_n so_o where_o the_o word_n be_v he_o take_v my_o money_n from_o i_o with_o a_o strong_a hand_n innuendo_fw-la felonious_o so_o where_o the_o word_n be_v the_o servant_n of_o j._n s._n who_o have_v many_o servant_n be_v a_o thief_n innuendo_fw-la his_o servant_n j._n s._n so_o one_o near_a about_o j._n s._n be_v a_o traitor_n innuendo_fw-la j._n s._n in_o these_o case_n the_o innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o make_v these_o word_n otherwise_o unactionable_a thereby_o actionable_a coo._n 4._o 17._o 20._o owen_n rep._n 58._o hobb_n rep._n pl._n 3._o 48._o goldsb_n and_o brownl_n 7._o 9_o so_o if_o the_o word_n be_v of_o a_o double_a and_o indifferent_a meaning_n and_o in_o the_o one_o sense_n actionable_a and_o in_o the_o other_o not_o actionable_a this_o will_v not_o make_v they_o actionable_a or_o if_o the_o word_n be_v incertain_a of_o themselves_o or_o in_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v intend_v a_o innuendo_fw-la will_v not_o make_v they_o certain_a and_o actionable_a mich._n 6._o car._n 1._o b._n r._n hobb_n rep._n pl._n 4._o 48._o croo._n 1._o part_n last_o publish_v 496._o 497._o 4_o where_o the_o action_n be_v for_o word_n by_o which_o a_o marriage_n be_v lose_v it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o say_v intendebat_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la fuit_fw-la to_o have_v such_o a_o woman_n but_o he_o must_v say_v quod_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habitum_fw-la fuit_fw-la de_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la bulstr_n 2._o part_n 276._o as_o to_o this_o of_o averment_n these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v know_v 1_o that_o if_o the_o declaration_n be_v for_o these_o word_n that_o j._n s._n have_v kill_v a_o 3_o of_o a_o averment_n in_o the_o declaration_n sect._n 3_o man_n that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o aver_v that_o the_o man_n be_v dead_a winche_n rep._n 40._o bulstr_n 1._o part_n 42._o so_o if_o the_o word_n be_v for_o which_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v thou_o have_v rob_v my_o son_n or_o steal_v my_o horse_n there_o will_v not_o need_v a_o averment_n that_o he_o have_v a_o son_n or_o that_o he_o be_v rob_v or_o that_o he_o have_v a_o horse_n winche_n rep._n 40._o bulstr_n 1._o part_n 42._o noys_n rep._n 55._o 63._o 116._o winch._n 70._o 98._o 3_o that_o where_o the_o word_n speak_v for_o which_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n do_v 3_o sect._n 3_o import_n a_o scandal_n of_o themselves_o concern_v he_o and_o may_v endanger_v his_o life_n liberty_n or_o member_n there_o need_v not_o to_o be_v a_o averment_n of_o any_o special_a loss_n by_o they_o and_o therefore_o for_o call_v of_o one_o traitor_n thief_n or_o the_o like_a there_o will_v not_o need_v a_o averment_n of_o any_o loss_n by_o it_o to_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o declaration_n as_o where_o the_o action_n be_v for_o call_v of_o one_o bastard_n or_o the_o like_a march_n rep._n 1._o so_o where_o the_o scandal_n be_v about_o a_o man_n office_n or_o trade_n so_o it_o be_v also_o where_o it_o do_v charge_v a_o man_n with_o such_o a_o disease_n that_o must_v separate_v he_o from_o the_o society_n of_o man_n but_o in_o other_o case_n general_o there_o must_v be_v a_o averment_n of_o special_a damage_n and_o it_o be_v best_o in_o most_o case_n to_o aver_v it_o if_o the_o case_n will_v bear_v it_o march_v rep_n 59_o pl._n 93._o brownl_n 1._o part_n 10._o 13._o and_o 2._o part_n 100_o 129._o mich._n 17._o car._n b._n r._n and_o so_o it_o be_v also_o for_o word_n speak_v that_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o actionable_a of_o a_o man_n or_o woman_n whereby_o he_o or_o she_o lose_v a_o match_n office_n service_n or_o preferment_n he_o or_o she_o stand_v for_o and_o be_v like_a to_o have_v there_o must_v be_v a_o averment_n of_o a_o special_a loss_n by_o it_o to_o maintain_v the_o action_n and_o warrant_v the_o declaration_n pasche_fw-mi 5._o car._n b._n r._n axe_n case_n trin._n 17._o car._n 1._o co._n b._n sanderson_n case_n so_o also_o for_o any_o word_n of_o passion_n that_o may_v arise_v to_o be_v actionable_a as_o to_o call_v one_o rogue_n villain_n or_o the_o like_a these_o action_n must_v be_v make_v up_o by_o a_o special_a averment_n coo._n 4._o 15._o so_o for_o any_o word_n that_o be_v call_v spiritual_a to_o make_v they_o actionable_a it_o must_v be_v by_o a_o special_a averment_n of_o loss_n coo._n 4._o 17._o 4_o if_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v for_o say_v of_o these_o word_n thou_o have_v kill_v j._n s._n it_o need_v not_o in_o this_o case_n be_v aver_v that_o j._n s._n be_v dead_a adjudge_v b._n r._n coo._n 4._o 16._o hobb_n pl._n 11._o and_o yet_o this_o have_v be_v deny_v and_o the_o contrary_n maintain_v by_o some_o march_n rep._n 109._o pl._n 187._o 5_o if_o the_o slander_n be_v upon_o a_o report_n it_o must_v be_v aver_v in_o the_o court_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o report_n make_v hill_n 4._o jac._n b._n r._n lady_n morrisons_n case_n pasche_fw-it 42._o eliz._n co._n b._n morleys_n case_n as_o if_o the_o declaration_n be_v for_o this_o that_o a._n b_o tell_v i_o that_o d._n the_o ostler_n and_o he_o steal_v such_o a_o man_n horse_n he_o must_v avert_v that_o a._n b._n do_v tell_v he_o so_o otherwise_o if_o a._n b._n do_v not_o tell_v he_o so_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v 42._o eliz._n co._n b._n mowl_n versus_fw-la skebington_n lord_n lumleys_n case_n 10._o eliz._n march_n of_o slander_n 2._o part_n 13._o 6_o the_o brother_n of_o the_o defendant_n speak_v these_o word_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n thou_o thief_n thou_o gaol-whelp_n etc._n etc._n and_o after_o this_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o which_o my_o brother_n speak_v be_v true_a i_o will_v justify_v it_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o averment_n that_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o his_o brother_n word_n brownl_n 2._o part_n 100_o 7_o that_o the_o word_n scienter_fw-la be_v a_o necessary_a word_n in_o some_o declaration_n godb._n rep._n 8_o that_o where_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o such_o strange_a word_n as_o these_o thou_o have_v strain_v my_o mare_n thou_o be_v mainsworn_a or_o the_o like_a hard_a word_n there_o need_v no_o averment_n what_o the_o sense_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v use_v but_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n at_o the_o trial._n and_o yet_o some_o say_v otherwise_o the_o sure_a way_n be_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o declaration_n march_n rep._n 18._o croo._n 1._o 96._o in_o hughes_n rep._n page_n 37._o and_o so_o it_o seem_v be_v the_o law_n for_o a_o slander_n in_o another_o tongue_n hobb_n rep._n 165._o 268._o pl._n 236._o march_n rep._n 18._o bendloes_n rep._n 134._o style_v rep._n 263._o pasche_fw-it 7._o jac._n b._n r_o coo._n 4._o 25._o 9_o that_o if_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n he_o be_v in_o the_o gaol_n at_o s._n for_o rob_v etc._n etc._n it_o need_v not_o be_v aver_v that_o he_o be_v not_o in_o the_o gaol_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n so_o to_o set_v it_o forth_o sprat_n and_o haines_n case_n if_o one_o sue_v for_o this_o say_v he_o that_o dwell_v in_o the_o next_o house_n to_o j._n s._n one_o r._n l._n do_v rob_v i_o he_o that_o sue_v upon_o this_o must_v aver_v he_o dwell_v in_o the_o next_o house_n to_o j._n s._n pasche_n 7._o jac._n clerk_n case_n b._n r._n so_o if_o it_o be_v for_o these_o word_n pritchards_n man_n rob_v i_o he_o must_v aver_v he_o be_v pritchards_n man_n coo._n 4._o 16._o hobb_n rep._n 16._o brownl_n 1._o part_n 13._o and_o 2._o part_n 100_o 11_o that_o in_o all_o these_o action_n for_o word_n where_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o cause_n or_o ground_n of_o the_o action_n or_o tend_v necessary_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o it_o in_o such_o case_n the_o action_n be_v not_o maintainable_a unless_o that_o thing_n be_v express_o aver_v to_o be_v or_o not_o to_o be_v as_o the_o case_n require_v as_o if_o it_o be_v bring_v for_o this_o whosoever_o be_v he_o that_o be_v the_o false_a thief_n and_o the_o strong_a in_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n whatsoever_o he_o have_v steal_v or_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v do_v thomas_n haselwood_n be_v false_a than_o he_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o averment_n must_v be_v make_v that_o there_o be_v felon_n in_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n or_o the_o word_n will_v not_o bear_v action_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o felon_n there_o which_o shall_v rather_o be_v intend_v then_o be_v it_o no_o slander_n hobb_n rep._n 309._o pasche_fw-it 1._o jac._n b._n r._n so_o also_o if_o the_o word_n be_v that_o he_o be_v as_o very_o a_o thief_n as_o any_o be_v in_o england_n that_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o there_o must_v be_v
a_o averment_n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o thief_n in_o england_n yet_o this_o case_n be_v more_o doubtful_a noys_n rep._n 116._o winch._n rep._n 70._o 89_o so_o if_o one_o say_v my_o son_n steal_v my_o hen_n if_o he_o sue_v his_o father_n he_o must_v aver_v he_o be_v his_o son_n mich._n 14._o car._n b._n r._n it_o will_v be_v the_o wisdom_n therefore_o of_o a_o plaintiff_n in_o his_o declaration_n not_o caution_n caution_n to_o omit_v any_o thing_n this_o way_n for_o to_o aver_v any_o thing_n needless_a can_v hurt_v but_o not_o to_o aver_v any_o thing_n needful_a be_v dangerous_a herein_o and_o destructive_a to_o the_o action_n 12._o if_o one_o have_v slander_v a_o man_n by_o his_o bill_n in_o the_o starr-chamber_n and_o one_o have_v bring_v a_o action_n for_o it_o and_o the_o party_n say_v his_o bill_n be_v true_a this_o have_v not_o be_v sufficient_a without_o averment_n and_o show_v of_o the_o particular_n of_o the_o bill_n coo._n 4._o 14._o 13._o where_o the_o declaration_n be_v for_o this_o thou_o be_v a_o thief_n for_o thou_o steal_v my_o son_n good_n it_o need_v not_o be_v aver_v that_o he_o have_v good_n 38._o eliz._n co._n b._n eslin_n and_o moor_n case_n 14_o where_o the_o count_n be_v for_o this_o i_o will_v justify_v that_o barnes_n be_v accessary_a to_o the_o burglary_n for_o which_o c._n d._n be_v hang_v there_o need_v no_o averment_n that_o he_o be_v hang_v for_o such_o a_o burglary_n trin._n 9_o jac._n b._n r._n barnes_n case_n if_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o this_o charge_n he_o steal_v the_o horse_n of_o j._n s._n it_o need_v not_o be_v aver_v he_o have_v a_o horse_n if_o for_o this_o he_o kill_v his_o master_n cook_n it_o need_v not_o be_v aver_v that_o his_o master_n have_v a_o cook_n bridgman_n rep._n 60._o 15_o where_o the_o count_n be_v for_o this_o my_o master_n b._n have_v rob_v i_o of_o all_o my_o good_n it_o need_v not_o be_v aver_v that_o he_o be_v his_o servant_n m._n 15._o jac._n b._n r._n browne_n and_o low._n so_o where_o the_o count_n be_v for_o say_v pritchards_n man_n rob_v he_o it_o seem_v it_o must_v be_v aver_v that_o he_o be_v pritchard_n man_n 16_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n declare_v that_o there_o be_v a_o conference_n between_o the_o defendant_n and_o one_o r._n and_o he_o say_v your_o master_n e._n mean_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o forger_n of_o deed_n he_o must_v aver_v or_o it_o must_v express_o appear_v that_o r._n when_o he_o speak_v the_o word_n be_v his_o servant_n brownl_n and_o goldsb_n 10._o 17_o that_o it_o will_v lie_v for_o these_o word_n thou_o do_v kill_v thy_o master_n cook_n innuendo_fw-la j._n s._n late_a servant_n of_o j._n d._n without_o any_o averment_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o master_n or_o that_o j._n d._n be_v his_o master_n bridgm._fw-la rep._n 60._o but_o if_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o defendant_n shall_v say_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o a._n b._n where_o be_v that_o lie_a thief_n thy_o son_n innuendo_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n he_o have_v murder_v my_o aunt_n quandam_fw-la d._n s._n amicam_fw-la defendentis_fw-la innuendo_fw-la and_o i_o will_v prove_v it_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v doubtful_a croo._n 1._o 127._o 18_o that_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o some_o that_o if_o one_o bring_v a_o action_n for_o word_n speak_v against_o he_o as_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o officer_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o aver_v in_o his_o count_n that_o he_o be_v a_o justice_n or_o officer_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o word_n speak_v but_o otherwise_o it_o may_v be_v if_o it_o be_v bring_v by_o a_o tradesman_n for_o a_o slander_n to_o he_o and_o there_o that_o it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v be_v of_o the_o trade_n for_o divers_a year_n past_a and_o that_o this_o will_v be_v sufficient_a yelverton_n rep._n 21._o 153._o 158._o 19_o if_o the_o word_n be_v thou_o be_v a_o theâ—f_n and_o have_v steal_v more_o good_n than_o i_o be_o worth_a here_o need_v no_o averment_n of_o his_o worth_n bulstr_n 2._o part_n 141._o so_o where_o the_o word_n be_v thou_o have_v steal_v more_o horse_n than_o i_o have_v finger_n and_o toe_n there_o need_v none_o of_o his_o finger_n and_o toe_n bulstr_n 2._o part_n 141._o 20_o if_o the_o word_n be_v thus_o he_o have_v no_o sheet_n in_o his_o house_n but_o what_o be_v steal_v for_o he_o there_o must_v be_v a_o averment_n that_o he_o have_v shéet_n in_o his_o house_n or_o the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v 42._o eliz._n b._n r._n bulstr_n 2._o part_n 141._o as_o to_o this_o the_o plea_n in_o bar_n these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v know_v 1_o that_o the_o plead_n of_o the_o defendant_n or_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n or_o both_o in_o many_o case_n may_v help_v to_o cure_v a_o defect_n in_o the_o action_n bring_v croo._n 1._o 303._o 4._o what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o good_a plea_n in_o bat_n or_o justification_n to_o this_o action_n sect._n 4._o 2_o that_o where_o the_o declaration_n for_o the_o substance_n of_o it_o be_v incertain_a and_o naught_o the_o bar_n will_v not_o help_v it_o but_o where_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o form_n only_o the_o bar_n may_v help_v it_o as_o where_o j._n s._n declare_v for_o word_n thus_o quoth_v in_o presentia_fw-la diversorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n dixit_fw-la de_fw-fr prefat_n querent_fw-la haec_fw-la verba_fw-la anglicana_n viz._n thy_o father_n predict_v querent_fw-la innuendo_fw-la be_v a_o thief_n for_o he_o steal_v my_o sheep_n the_o defendant_n do_v justify_v and_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n no_o judgement_n can_v be_v have_v because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o the_o son_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n brownl_n rep._n 1._o 187._o 3_o that_o the_o defendant_n may_v in_o this_o action_n plead_v not_o guilty_a or_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n declare_v upon_o some_o of_o the_o word_n only_o where_o all_o of_o they_o together_o be_v not_o actionable_a the_o defendant_n be_v to_o set_v they_o forth_o at_o large_a as_o he_o speak_v they_o and_o traverse_v justify_v or_o plead_v not_o guilty_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o word_n as_o the_o case_n be_v or_o if_o the_o word_n be_v true_a and_o he_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v it_o he_o may_v justify_v the_o speak_n of_o they_o as_o for_o a_o charge_n of_o perjury_n to_o show_v he_o be_v perjure_v in_o the_o starr-chamber_n for_o call_v of_o he_o thief_n that_o he_o be_v attaint_v of_o petit_n larceny_n coo._n 4._o 13._o 19_o new_a book_n of_o entry_n 24._o 25._o 26._o and_o so_o in_o all_o case_n where_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v omit_v any_o thing_n material_a on_o the_o defendant_n part_n the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v it_o by_o way_n of_o bar._n coo._n 4._o 17._o 4_o to_o say_v a_o man_n be_v indict_v for_o a_o felony_n may_v be_v justify_v if_o it_o be_v true_a but_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a hobb_n rep._n pl._n 89._o 5_o in_o a_o charge_n of_o perjury_n it_o be_v not_o a_o good_a justification_n to_o say_v that_o he_o swear_v such_o a_o thing_n in_o a_o court_n false_o unless_o he_o add_v this_o know_v it_o to_o be_v false_a m._n 38._o 39_o eliz._n b._n r._n willis_n case_n 6_o if_o one_o call_v a_o man_n thief_n he_o may_v justify_v it_o for_o that_o he_o steal_v a_o sheep_n hobb_n rep._n 258._o 27._o h._n 8._o 22._o 7_o if_o i_o say_v to_o another_o a._n b._n be_v a_o thief_n to_o j._n s._n and_o to_o i_o and_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v for_o this_o and_o i_o justify_v for_o a_o felony_n do_v to_o i_o only_o this_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o charge_n be_v of_o a_o double_a felony_n and_o the_o justification_n be_v only_o by_o a_o single_a felony_n m._n 21._o jac._n b._n r._n 8_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o husband_n and_o wife_n for_o word_n speak_v by_o the_o wife_n and_o they_o plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o agree_v to_o be_v nought_o and_o that_o the_o wife_n aloke_n be_v to_o plead_v not_o guilty_a brownl_n rep._n 6._o hobb_n rep._n 126._o 9_o that_o where_o a._n do_v call_v b._n thief_n and_o he_o do_v justify_v that_o he_o steal_v sheep_n and_o the_o defendant_n shall_v plead_v the_o general_a pardon_n after_o the_o word_n speak_v that_o this_o be_v not_o good_a m._n 13._o jac._n com._n b._n cuddingtons_n case_n 10_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o good_a justification_n to_o a_o charge_n of_o call_v one_o thief_n that_o a_o robbery_n be_v commit_v and_o the_o common_a fame_n be_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v it_o dyer_n 230._o brownl_n 2._o nor_o be_v it_o a_o good_a justification_n for_o call_v of_o one_o murderer_n to_o say_v there_o be_v a_o murder_n do_v and_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v indict_v for_o it_o or_o that_o he_o