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the_o pprophecy_n be_v fulfil_v which_o be_v make_v good_a in_o constantine_n the_o great_a who_o as_o both_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o son_n of_o helen_n the_o daughter_n of_o coillus_n a_o british_a king_n bear_v in_o this_o isle_n and_o emperor_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o the_o whole_a world_n rome_n be_v style_v totius_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbis_fw-la regina_fw-la or_o domina_fw-la lady_n and_o queen_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n vitus_n set_v down_o the_o order_n and_o succession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o brutus_n his_o lineage_n with_o the_o term_n and_o continuance_n of_o their_o reign_n but_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o account_n of_o fabian_n and_o other_o writer_n for_o he_o say_v 1._o rex_fw-la brutus_n priscus_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o world_n creation_n 2855._o and_o reign_v four_o and_o twenty_o year_n 2._o locrine_n 2879._o and_o reign_v 10._o 3._o madanus_fw-la 2889._o and_o reign_v 40._o 4._o membritius_fw-la 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confugiens_fw-la extrabi_fw-la possit_fw-la prius_fw-la quam_fw-la
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large_o discourse_v i_o say_v that_o this_o most_o famous_a king_n have_v expulse_v out_o of_o england_n the_o saxon_n conquer_v norwey_n paris_n king_n arthur_n crown_v in_o paris_n scotland_n and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o france_n and_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n from_o whence_o return_v he_o erect_v a_o certain_a association_n a_o brotherhood_n of_o knight_n who_o vow_v to_o observe_v these_o article_n follow_v the_o article_n of_o the_o round_a table_n 1._o first_o that_o every_o knight_n shall_v be_v well_o arm_v and_o furnish_v to_o undertake_v any_o enterprise_n wherein_o he_o be_v employ_v by_o sea_n or_o land_n on_o horseback_n or_o a_o foot_n 2._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v ever_o press_v to_o assail_v all_o tyrant_n or_o oppressor_n of_o the_o people_n 3._o that_o he_o shall_v protect_v widow_n and_o maid_n restore_v child_n to_o their_o right_n repossess_v such_o person_n as_o be_v without_o just_a cause_n exile_v and_o with_o all_o his_o force_n maintain_v the_o christian_a faith_n 4._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o champion_n for_o the_o weal_n public_a and_o as_o a_o lion_n repulse_n the_o enemy_n of_o his_o country_n 5._o that_o he_o shall_v advance_v the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n and_o suppress_v all_o vice_n relieve_v people_n afflict_v by_o adverse_a fortune_n give_v aid_n to_o the_o holy_a church_n and_o protect_v pilgrim_n 6._o that_o he_o shall_v bury_v soldier_n that_o want_v sepulture_n deliver_v prisoner_n ransom_n captive_n and_o cure_v man_n hurt_v in_o service_n of_o their_o country_n 7._o that_o he_o shall_v in_o all_o honourable_a action_n adventure_v his_o person_n yet_o with_o respect_n to_o justice_n and_o truth_n and_o in_o all_o enterprise_n proceed_v sincere_o never_o fail_v to_o use_v his_o uttermost_a force_n of_o body_n and_o labour_n of_o mind_n 8._o that_o after_o the_o attain_n of_o any_o enterprise_n he_o shall_v cause_v
this_o place_n by_o the_o britain_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v conon_n of_o meriadoc_n now_o denbighland_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 384._o be_v the_o first_o prince_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n in_o armorica_n or_o little_a britain_n the_o second_o be_v 2._o graldonus_n 3._o solomon_n i._n britain_n the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n of_o little_a britain_n 4._o auldranus_fw-la 5._o budicus_n i._n 6._o howellus_fw-la magnus_fw-la this_o howel_n be_v with_o king_n arthur_n in_o his_o war_n 7._o howellus_fw-la ii_o 8._o alanus_fw-la i._n 9_o howellus_fw-la iii_o 10._o gilquellus_fw-la 11._o solomon_n ii_o 12._o alanus_fw-la ii_o of_o who_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o this_o place_n who_o descend_v of_o a_o daughter_n of_o run_v the_o son_n of_o mailgon_n gwyneth_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o forename_a howel_n two_o king_n of_o little_a britain_n 13._o conobertus_fw-la 14._o budicus_n ii_o 15._o theodoricus_n 16._o rualhonus_fw-la 17._o daniel_n dremrost_n i._n e._n with_o the_o red_a face_n 18._o aregstanus_fw-la 19_o maconus_n 20._o neomenius_n 21._o haruspagius_n 22._o solomon_n iii_n who_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o man_n and_o then_o be_v that_o kingdom_n turn_v into_o a_o earldom_n whereof_o alen_n be_v the_o first_o earl_n who_o valiant_o resist_v the_o norman_n and_o vanquish_v they_o oft_o at_o last_o it_o be_v a_o dukedom_n cadwallader_n bein_z in_o britain_n be_v certify_v that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o stranger_n as_o saxon_n angles_n and_o juthe_n have_v arrive_v in_o great_a britain_n and_o find_v it_o desolate_a and_o without_o inhabitant_n save_v a_o few_o saxon_n who_o have_v call_v they_o in_o and_o certain_a poor_a britain_n who_o live_v by_o root_n in_o rock_n and_o wood_n have_v overrun_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o and_o divide_v it_o into_o territory_n and_o kingdom_n inhabit_v that_o part_n which_o be_v then_o and_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o welsh_a who_o be_v the_o ancient_a britain_n call_v lhoyger_n and_o in_o english_a england_n with_o all_o the_o city_n town_n castle_n and_o village_n which_o the_o britain_n have_v build_v rule_v and_o inhabit_v by_o the_o space_n of_o 1827._o year_n under_o divers_a king_n and_o prince_n of_o great_a renown_n whereupon_o he_o purpose_v to_o return_v and_o by_o strength_n of_o british_a knight_n to_o recover_v his_o own_o land_n again_o after_o he_o have_v prepare_v and_o make_v ready_a his_o navy_n for_o the_o transport_v of_o his_o own_o man_n with_o such_o succour_n as_o he_o have_v find_v at_o alan_n hand_n a_o angel_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o a_o vision_n and_o declare_v that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o take_v his_o voyage_n towards_o britain_n but_o to_o rome_n to_o pope_n sergius_n where_o he_o shall_v end_v his_o life_n and_o be_v afterward_o number_v among_o the_o bless_a which_o vision_n after_o that_o cadwallader_n have_v declare_v to_o his_o friend_n alan_n he_o send_v for_o all_o 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his_o journey_n to_o rome_n live_v there_o eight_o year_n in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 688._o so_o that_o the_o britain_n rule_v this_o isle_n with_o the_o out-isle_n of_o wight_n mon_n in_o english_a call_v anglesey_n manaw_n in_o english_a man_n orkney_n and_o ewyst_n 1137._o year_n before_o christ_n until_o the_o year_n of_o his_o incarnation_n 688._o and_o thus_o end_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o britain_n over_o the_o whole_a isle_n this_o glorious_a king_n bear_v for_o his_o arm_n azure_a a_o cross_a firmie_n fitch_v or._n he_o slay_v lothayre_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o aethelwald_n king_n of_o the_o south_n saxon_n ivor_n the_o son_n of_o alan_n after_o cadwallader_n have_v take_v his_o journey_n towards_o rome_n 33._o gerard_n leigh_n in_o his_o accidence_n of_o armoury_n fol._n 33._o leave_v his_o son_n name_v edwal_n the_o roose_n and_o his_o people_n with_o his_o cousin_n alan_n which_o alan_n take_v courage_n to_o he_o and_o not_o 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maelawc_n and_o a_o other_o in_o southwales_n at_o pencoed_n at_o this_o time_n belin_n the_o son_n of_o elphin_n a_o noble_a man_n among_o the_o britain_n die_v ethelbaldus_fw-la king_n of_o mercia_n desirous_a to_o annex_v the_o fertile_a soil_n of_o the_o country_n lie_v between_o severn_n and_o wye_n to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n gather_v a_o army_n and_o enter_v into_o wales_n abergevenny_n a_o battle_n near_o abergevenny_n and_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o he_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n carno_n not_o far_o from_o abergevenny_n where_o a_o sore_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o he_o and_o the_o britain_n anno_fw-la seven_o hundred_o twenty_o eight_o this_o mercian_n king_n call_v to_o his_o aid_n adelard_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n and_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o britain_n where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o terrible_a conflict_n he_o obtain_v a_o bloody_a victory_n
snowden_n hill_n and_o seize_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o country_n of_o rhyvonioc_n in_o denbighshire_n about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v a_o great_a battle_n fight_v in_o anglesey_n call_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanvaes_n in_o this_o year_n be_v the_o 819._o ab_fw-la incarnatione_fw-la 819._o 819._o kenulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n destroy_v west_n wales_n and_o the_o summer_n follow_v he_o overcome_v powis_n land_n and_o do_v much_o hurt_n and_o after_o die_v and_o kenelm_n reign_v in_o his_o place_n about_o the_o same_o year_n also_o howel_n king_n of_o man_n die_v much_o about_o this_o time_n 828._o 828._o a_o great_a battle_n be_v fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v gavelford_n betwixt_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o west_n saxon_n of_o devonshire_n and_o many_o thousand_o cruel_o slay_v upon_o either_o side_n the_o victory_n be_v uncertain_a in_o or_o about_o the_o year_n 836._o the_o dane_n land_v in_o west_n wales_n and_o so_o pass_v through_o wales_n into_o england_n with_o many_o of_o the_o britain_n which_v join_v with_o they_o against_o egbert_n but_o they_o be_v all_o overthrow_v by_o egbert_n at_o hengistdown_n who_o die_v the_o year_n follow_v in_o the_o year_n 841._o die_v edwalhan_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o wales_n and_o two_o year_n after_o be_v the_o battle_n of_o kettel_n betwixt_o burchard_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o the_o britain_n where_o in_o as_o some_o do_v write_v 841._o 841._o mervin_n vrich_v king_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v rodri_n maur_n that_o be_v to_o say_v roderick_n the_o great_a from_o rodri_n by_o his_o son_n anarawd_n who_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n or_o three_o lion_n passant_a gules_a mervin_n who_o coat_n be_v or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a gules_a and_o cadel_n who_o take_v for_o his_o arm_n gules_a a_o lion_n ramp_n within_o a_o border_n engrail_v or_n the_o worshipful_a and_o flourish_a family_n of_o the_o morgan_n in_o monmothshire_n who_o to_o this_o day_n quarter_v the_o two_o last_o coat_n 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author_n when_o that_o chronicle_n be_v print_v which_o bear_v no_o date_n without_o commixtion_n with_o any_o other_o nation_n especial_o in_o north_n wales_n and_o because_o the_o name_n of_o the_o country_n be_v change_v or_o rather_o mistake_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o england_n and_o not_o by_o they_o call_v cambry_a but_o wales_n i_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o declare_v the_o occasion_n thereof_o which_o be_v that_o whereas_o the_o saxon_n a_o people_n of_o germany_n be_v the_o first_o that_o after_o the_o britain_n inhabit_a and_o rule_v the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o island_n and_o drive_v the_o britain_n into_o that_o corner_n a_o which_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o country_n they_o call_v wales_n call_v wales_n why_o so_o call_v and_o the_o countryman_n welshman_n and_o the_o tongue_n welsh_a that_o be_v to_o say_v strange_a or_o not_o of_o they_o understand_v for_o at_o this_o day_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o low-countries_n call_v all_o their_o 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to_o be_v the_o first_o that_o find_v it_o out_o brag_n polidore_n virgil_n his_o brag_n for_o divers_a ancient_a writer_n do_v allege_v the_o same_o cause_n of_o the_o name_n of_o wales_n of_o who_o sylvester_n giraldus_n be_v one_o who_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o after_o the_o conquest_n before_o 380_o pass_v which_o be_v a_o evident_a token_n that_o the_o say_v polidore_n virgil_n do_v either_o never_o see_v it_o or_o at_o least_o not_o read_v the_o ancient_a history_n of_o this_o kingdom_n or_o else_o dissemble_v the_o same_o to_o the_o advancement_n and_o praise_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o country_n which_o to_o the_o learned_a and_o indifferent_a reader_n shall_v appear_v to_o be_v the_o only_a occasion_n he_o take_v that_o work_n in_o hand_n history_n polidore_v juggle_v in_o his_o history_n for_o all_o his_o book_n redound_v only_o to_o the_o praise_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a and_o to_o blaze_v forth_o their_o act_n and_o deed_n within_o this_o realm_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o part_n he_o do_v either_o open_o slander_n or_o else_o private_o extenuate_v or_o shameful_o deny_v the_o martial_a prowess_n and_o noble_a act_n as_o well_o of_o saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n as_o of_o the_o britain_n all_o inhabiter_n of_o this_o isle_n which_o thing_n he_o that_o list_v to_o prove_v let_v he_o read_v and_o confer_v caesar_n commentary_n cornelius_n tacitus_n herodianus_n and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n as_o well_o in_o latin_a as_o in_o greek_a with_o his_o work_n as_o for_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o the_o british_a history_n as_o the_o british_a chronicle_n the_o history_n of_o gildas_n ponticus_n virunnius_n yea_o the_o golden_a work_n of_o matthew_n paris_n monk_n of_o saint_n alban_n who_o write_v from_o william_n the_o conqueror_n to_o the_o last_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o i_o dare_v say_v he_o
contract_v and_o intermingle_v by_o the_o daily_a commerce_n of_o the_o english_a some_o out_o of_o caesar_n will_v infer_v a_o consequence_n that_o the_o gallic_n and_o british_a language_n be_v the_o same_o when_o he_o say_v gallis_fw-la in_o more_o positum_fw-la ut_fw-la qui_fw-la druidum_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la diligentius_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la vellent_fw-la in_fw-la aduersam_fw-la britanniam_fw-la ad_fw-la druid_n proficiscerentur_fw-la quod_fw-la eye_n nihil_fw-la profuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la idem_fw-la his_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la fuisset_fw-la sermo_fw-la cum_fw-la druid_n libris_fw-la non_fw-la uterentur_fw-la sed_fw-la omne_fw-la viva_fw-la voce_fw-la explicarent_fw-la but_o this_o signify_v little_a to_o persuade_v that_o the_o language_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n be_v the_o same_o for_o the_o language_n in_o which_o the_o druid_n teach_v their_o mystery_n be_v that_o of_o greece_n carmina_fw-la multa_fw-la millia_fw-la interdum_fw-la viginti_fw-la annorum_fw-la study_v cogebantur_fw-la ediscere_fw-la qui_fw-la eorum_fw-la disciplinae_fw-la se_fw-la tradidissent_fw-la quae_fw-la graeca_n fuisse_fw-la non_fw-la temere_fw-la quis_fw-la conjecerit_fw-la so_o that_o the_o inference_n be_v that_o those_o of_o gallia_n learn_v from_o the_o british_a druid_n the_o use_n and_o speech_n of_o the_o greek_a tongue_n only_o it_o be_v no_o sufficient_a proof_n to_o allege_v that_o the_o continent_n be_v first_o inhabit_v and_o that_o from_o thence_o the_o island_n take_v their_o language_n for_o it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o some_o island_n as_o be_v the_o most_o safe_a and_o secure_a place_n be_v even_o with_o the_o first_o inhabit_v which_o theophilus_n seem_v to_o intimate_v concern_v britain_n and_o sacred_a writ_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o island_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v allot_v to_o the_o offspring_n of_o japhet_n among_o which_o some_o learned_a author_n place_n britain_n those_o who_o endeavour_n to_o make_v good_a that_o the_o britain_n borrow_a their_o language_n from_o the_o latin_n let_v they_o stop_v their_o mouth_n with_o this_o prisca_n italiae_fw-la lingua_fw-la sub_fw-la priscis_fw-la italiae_fw-la regibus_fw-la quicunque_fw-la fuerint_fw-la usurpata_fw-la doricae_fw-la similis_fw-la fuisse_fw-la dicitur_fw-la ejusque_fw-la initio_fw-la magna_fw-la fuit_fw-la stirilitas_fw-la quae_fw-la a_o poetis_fw-la eunio_fw-la plauto_n pacuvio_n &_o aliis_fw-la ab_fw-la histiorographis_n &_o maxim_n ab_fw-la oratoribus_fw-la detersa_fw-la est_fw-la facta_fw-la a_o vicinis_fw-la mutuatione_fw-la vel_fw-la novis_fw-la excogitatis_fw-la vocibus_fw-la and_o again_o sed_fw-la &_o veteres_fw-la latini_n summa_fw-la linguae_fw-la inopia_fw-la laborantes_fw-la tum_fw-la ob_fw-la aliorum_fw-la populorum_fw-la in_o jus_o civitatis_fw-la admissorum_fw-la linguis_fw-la infinita_fw-la sumpsisse_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la tum_fw-la maxim_n a_o graecis_fw-la &_o etruscis_fw-la quos_fw-la aramaea_n vel_fw-la syriaca_fw-la olim_fw-la usos_fw-la credunt_fw-la &_o voces_fw-la latinas_fw-la quae_fw-la hodie_fw-la habentur_fw-la non_fw-la errarit_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la censeat_fw-la esse_fw-la tuscae_fw-la originis_fw-la so_o that_o we_o see_v the_o latin_v more_o fit_a to_o borrow_v then_o to_o lend_v some_o may_v say_v that_o many_o british_a word_n sound_a latin_a like_a it_o be_v true_a est_fw-la natura_fw-la hominum_fw-la novitatis_fw-la avida_fw-la the_o britain_n call_n that_o rhoud_v which_o the_o latin_n call_v rota_n in_o english_a a_o wheel_n not_o that_o they_o want_v a_o significant_a word_n in_o their_o own_o language_n for_o they_o have_v two_o troel_n and_o olwyn_n they_o call_v that_o porth_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v portam_fw-la yet_o can_v they_o if_o they_o please_v call_v it_o as_o proper_o moreb_n as_o for_o their_o borrow_a word_n from_o the_o greek_n the_o like_a reason_n may_v be_v give_v moreover_o bladud_n when_o he_o go_v to_o athens_n to_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n at_o his_o return_n bring_v with_o he_o many_o learned_a grecian_a philosopher_n who_o be_v conversant_a with_o the_o druid_n communicate_v with_o they_o in_o point_n of_o doctrinall_n many_o greek_n word_n may_v become_v familiar_a with_o the_o britain_n the_o most_o constant_a opinion_n be_v that_o before_o the_o confusion_n of_o babel_n the_o hebrew_n be_v the_o sole_a and_o only_a language_n and_o in_o that_o grand_a confusion_n the_o british_a questionless_a be_v one_o probable_o use_v in_o phrigia_n where_o troy_n stand_v and_o from_o thence_o convey_v unto_o this_o our_o island_n there_o be_v a_o people_n in_o italy_n in_o those_o place_n which_o we_o now_o call_v calabria_n and_o naples_n call_v brutii_n from_o the_o name_n of_o brutus_n who_o nomenclation_n and_o language_n differ_v very_o little_a from_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_a britain_n this_o people_n after_o the_o destruction_n of_o troy_n be_v bring_v into_o italy_n by_o nestor_n where_o the_o pylian_o build_v a_o city_n call_v metapontus_n the_o brutii_n build_v another_o name_v it_o nova_fw-la troja_n after_o by_o the_o tarentines_n call_v heraclea_n so_o our_o britain_n in_o this_o our_o island_n build_v troy_n novant_n now_o london_n both_o take_v their_o name_n from_o brutus_n and_o both_o have_v the_o like_a affection_n to_o the_o memory_n of_o old_a troy_n as_o concern_v brutus_n his_o come_n hither_o have_v more_o at_o large_a speak_v of_o it_o in_o the_o ensue_a history_n i_o will_v only_o here_o insert_v this_o out_o of_o our_o own_o record_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n i._o at_o lincoln_n where_o hold_v a_o parliament_n after_o much_o diligent_a search_n of_o antiquity_n and_o due_a examination_n as_o the_o great_a matter_n of_o right_n of_o a_o kingdom_n require_v apologitical_a letter_n be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n seal_v with_o a_o hundred_o seal_n and_o witness_n thus_o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la ex_fw-la deliberato_fw-la concilio_fw-la apud_fw-la lincolniam_fw-la convocato_fw-la pro_fw-la jure_fw-la svo_fw-la declarando_fw-la literam_fw-la huius_fw-la tenoris_fw-la rescripsit_fw-la centum_fw-la sigillis_fw-la signatam_fw-la wherein_o be_v declare_v and_o justify_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hely_n and_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brutus_n a_o trojan_a land_v here_o and_o by_o his_o own_o name_n call_v the_o country_n britannia_n before_o name_v albion_n de_fw-fr nomine_fw-la svo_fw-la britanniam_fw-la sociosque_fw-la suos_fw-la britones_n appellavit_fw-la and_o have_v three_o son_n locrine_n albanactus_n and_o camber_n at_o his_o death_n divide_v the_o island_n into_o three_o part_n or_o province_n loegria_n now_o england_n though_o welsh_a keep_v the_o old_a name_n be_v give_v to_o locrine_n the_o elder_a son_n albania_n scotland_n to_o albanact_n the_o second_o son_n cambria_n now_o miscall_v wales_n to_o camber_n his_o third_n son_n locrino_n primogenito_fw-la dedit_fw-la illam_fw-la partem_fw-la quae_fw-la quondam_a loegria_n nunc_fw-la vero_fw-la anglia_fw-it nominatur_fw-la albanacto_fw-la filio_fw-la secundo_fw-la dedit_fw-la albaniam_fw-la quae_fw-la nunc_fw-la scotia_n vocitatur_fw-la cambrio_fw-la vero_fw-la tertio_fw-la filio_fw-la dedit_fw-la cambrian_a quae_fw-la wallia_fw-la appellatur_fw-la reservata_fw-la locrino_fw-la regius_fw-la dignitate_fw-la this_o conjecture_n may_v suffice_v for_o this_o business_n it_o be_v testify_v by_o so_o many_o domestical_a and_o foreign_a private_a and_o public_a witness_n that_o this_o his_o tripartite_a division_n be_v here_o from_o the_o begin_n and_o the_o first_o name_n of_o britain_n give_v by_o brutus_n other_o remarkable_a thing_n may_v have_v be_v add_v to_o this_o history_n as_o that_o of_o st._n winefreds_n well_o and_o many_o more_o note_n worthy_a which_o i_o leave_v to_o other_o pen_n who_o happy_o may_v write_v the_o description_n of_o each_o county_n in_o particular_a as_o god_n willing_a i_o do_v speedy_o intend_v to_o publish_v that_o of_o monmothshire_n have_v i_o be_v near_o the_o press_n to_o have_v peruse_v every_o sheet_n as_o it_o pass_v i_o will_v have_v affix_v a_o alphabetical_a index_n at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o work_n of_o all_o memorable_a passage_n but_o i_o entreat_v the_o courteous_a reader_n to_o accept_v in_o good_a part_n my_o weak_a endeavour_n and_o what_o errata_n he_o shall_v find_v not_o mend_v by_o the_o printer_n to_o dash_v they_o light_o with_o his_o quill_n and_o not_o impute_v they_o to_o i_o who_o desire_v to_o be_v esteem_v by_o all_o from_o my_o chamber_n at_o lantarnam_n in_o monmothshire_n 16._o of_o may_v 1661._o their_o faithful_a friend_n and_o servant_n percy_z enderbie_n the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a british_a and_o welsh_z history_n begin_v with_o brutus_n and_o continue_v until_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o the_o first_o part._n the_o state_n of_o every_o kingdom_n well_o manage_v by_o prudent_a government_n seem_v to_o represent_v a_o humane_a body_n guide_v by_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o a_o reasonable_a soul_n the_o country_n and_o the_o land_n represent_v the_o one_o the_o action_n and_o state-affair_n the_o other_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n contain_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o be_v of_o many_o count_v the_o great_a island_n in_o the_o world_n though_o justus_n lipsius_n give_v that_o praise_n to_o cuba_n in_o america_n as_o the_o oriental_a navigator_n unto_o sumatra_n take_v from_o ptolomey_n
clothes_n be_v deem_v prejudicial_a lest_o thereby_o those_o picture_n shall_v be_v hide_v a_o nation_n most_o warlike_a and_o thirsty_a after_o blood_n and_o slaughter_n content_a with_o a_o small_a shield_n and_o javelin_n yet_o have_v a_o sword_n appendent_a to_o their_o naked_a body_n breastplate_n or_o helmet_n they_o undervalue_v as_o obstacle_n and_o impediment_n to_o the_o pass_v over_o ford_n and_o river_n magia_n plinius_n de_fw-fr magia_n pliny_n treat_v the_o magia_n or_o art_n magic_a say_v that_o the_o britain_n so_o admirable_o honour_v it_o with_o uncouth_a ceremony_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v send_v it_o unto_o the_o persian_n another_o author_n say_v that_o the_o britain_n far_o exceed_v the_o french_a in_o stature_n and_o bigness_n of_o body_n affirm_v cundem_fw-la strabo_n apud_fw-la cundem_fw-la that_o he_o himself_o have_v see_v british_a youth_n in_o rome_n to_o surpass_v their_o tall_a man_n in_o height_n at_o least_o half_a a_o foot_n diodorus_n siculus_n say_v britain_n spend_v their_o time_n after_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o ancient_a forefather_n and_o in_o war_n use_v chariot_n as_o do_v the_o grecian_n in_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n and_o who_o know_v britt_n the_o honesty_n of_o britain_n commend_v by_o diâ—_n siculus_n mr._n camb._n deny_v not_o brute_n mr._n broughton_n fol._n 289._o the_o britain_n call_v gens_n bruti_fw-la leges_fw-la s._n ed_n reg._n apud_fw-la guli_fw-la lamb._n l._n d._n priseu_v legi_fw-la fol._n 36._o gildas_n apud_fw-la galf._n l._n 1._o c._n 17._o vic._n l._n 1._o pont._n nen._n hist_o antiq._n land_n eccles_n isiadâ—r_fw-fr l._n etâ—m_n thom._n eliot_n apud_fw-la stow._n proof_n for_o brute_n thaliesnanus_fw-la apud_fw-la pris_fw-fr p._n 27_o gal._n manus_fw-la apud_fw-la eundem_fw-la hâ—n_n hunt_v hist_o de_fw-fr reg._n brit._n cum_fw-la maltis_n aliis_fw-la ibidem_fw-la brute_n land_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o holy_a &_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brittannia_fw-la so_o call_v from_o brutus_n gualt_n oxor._fw-la apud_fw-la hard._n c._n 16._o bal._n 2._o cent_n sigib_n gembl_n hist_o &_o the_o regn_n britt_n mariam_n apud_fw-la hard._n c._n 10._o literâ—_fw-la defensoris_fw-la ed_n reg_n 1_o ad_fw-la â—apam_fw-la apud_fw-la the_o n_o walsin_n hist_o 〈…〉_o yâ—_n lib._n neustr_n aâ—_n 1301._o griâ—_n apud_fw-la hi._n eaâ—_n m._n s._n chrâ—_n c_o 47._o galf._n mâ—n_z l_o 1._o hist_o britt_n but_o that_o custom_n may_v be_v continue_v from_o their_o first_o founder_n brutus_n their_o house_n compact_v of_o wood_n reed_n or_o thatch_n their_o sheaf_n of_o corn_n they_o store_v under_o dry_a roof_n thresh_v out_o every_o day_n as_o much_o as_o serve_v for_o present_a use_n honest_a and_o just_a in_o conversation_n much_o differ_v from_o the_o subtlety_n and_o cunning_n of_o our_o man_n content_a with_o ordinary_a and_o indifferent_a diet_n detest_a the_o gurmandize_v of_o glutton_n and_o epicure_n the_o isle_n replenish_v with_o multitude_n of_o man_n in_o matter_n concern_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o isle_n mr._n cambden_n be_v very_o copious_a produce_v several_a opinion_n but_o i_o find_v no_o commander_n in_o chief_a whether_o king_n duke_z or_o general_n name_v brute_n except_v of_o who_o he_o say_v shall_v i_o so_o mean_a a_o man_n give_v a_o determinate_a sentence_n in_o so_o weighty_a a_o matter_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n undecided_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o deny_v not_o brute_n but_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o his_o own_o best_a like_n and_o opinion_n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_a mr._n cambden_n name_v no_o other_o principal_a commander_n or_o guide_n of_o that_o people_n who_o first_o colonize_v and_o inhabit_a this_o land_n do_v not_o altogether_o deny_v brute_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o counsel_n consent_v and_o decree_n of_o the_o learned_a parliament_n and_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n let_v we_o hear_v what_o other_o write_v mr._n broughton_n out_o of_o a_o old_a british_a history_n say_v have_v thus_o invincible_o prove_v by_o all_o antiquity_n that_o there_o be_v among_o the_o gentile_n especial_o in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n not_o only_o flamen_n but_o archflaman_n and_o they_o seat_v in_o the_o principal_n govern_v city_n in_o several_a province_n and_o how_o after_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n even_o from_o the_o apostle_n time_n and_o by_o their_o ordinance_n and_o institution_n their_o residence_n be_v to_o be_v change_v into_o archiepiscopal_n or_o metropolitan_a chief_a command_a see_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n if_o we_o have_v no_o other_o particular_a proof_n in_o this_o but_o in_o general_a term_n st._n edward_n law_n the_o testimony_n of_o gildas_n nonnius_n the_o antiquity_n of_o landaff_n st._n isiodore_n who_o as_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la also_o call_v this_o nation_n gens_n bruti_fw-la the_o offspring_n and_o nation_n of_o brute_n thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n a_o norman_a by_o birth_n in_o time_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o thaliessianus_n above_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n henry_n of_o huntingdon_n gualterus_n calenus_n sigibertus_n with_o many_o other_o before_o galfrid_n mon._n write_v and_o vicunnius_n himself_o with_o innumerable_a after_o both_o of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n and_o public_a parliament_n as_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o at_o lincoln_n who_o after_o most_o diligent_a search_n of_o antiquity_n and_o due_a examination_n as_o the_o great_a matter_n the_o right_a of_o a_o kingdom_n require_v send_v his_o apologetical_a letter_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n seal_v with_o a_o hundred_o seal_n and_o witness_n wherein_o be_v declare_v and_o justify_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hely_n and_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brutus_n the_o trojan_a land_v here_o and_o by_o his_o own_o name_n call_v the_o country_n britannia_n before_o name_v albion_n and_o have_v three_o son_n locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n do_v at_o his_o death_n divide_v the_o land_n into_o three_o part_n or_o portion_n leegria_n now_o england_n to_o locrine_n his_o elder_a son_n cambria_n wales_n to_o camber_n and_o albania_n scotland_n to_o albanact_n this_o may_v suffice_v for_o this_o business_n but_o be_v testify_v by_o so_o many_o domestical_a and_o foreign_a private_a and_o public_a witness_n that_o the_o tripartite_a division_n be_v here_o from_o the_o first_o nâ—me_n and_o begin_n of_o britain_n we_o must_v needs_o for_o every_o several_a part_n and_o province_n assign_v a_o several_a government_n and_o order_n therein_o as_o their_o ruler_n and_o governor_n be_v divers_a and_o distinct_a but_o our_o antiquary_n carry_v we_o further_o and_o inform_v we_o that_o not_o only_a london_n caerlegeon_n and_o york_n be_v the_o several_a chief_a city_n in_o this_o division_n but_o the_o king_n which_o found_v they_o for_o such_o ordain_v they_o likewise_o to_o be_v the_o seat_n and_o residency_n of_o three_o several_a archflaman_n or_o prâ—â—â—â—amens_n for_o the_o glory_n and_o nobleness_n of_o london_n thereupon_o name_v augusta_n it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o antiquity_n that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o this_o island_n build_v by_o brutus_n as_o not_o only_o the_o british_a history_n galfridus_n vicunnius_n and_o our_o english_a antiquary_n after_o they_o but_o gâ—ldas_n sigibertus_n and_o other_o sufficient_o witness_n and_o except_o mr._n stow_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o author_n aethieus_n a_o old_a pagan_a philosopher_n testify_v no_o less_o affirm_v that_o brutus_n name_v this_o kingdom_n brittannia_fw-la and_o john_n harding_n in_o his_o plain_a verse_n with_o other_o record_v how_o he_o there_o from_o the_o very_a first_o beginning_n institute_v a_o archflaman_n seat_n at_o troynovant_n he_o make_v full_a especial_o a_o arch-flamine_a his_o see_n 14._o harding_n chr_n fol._n 16._o cap._n 14._o cathedral_n certain_a a_o temple_n thereof_o a_o policy_n to_o obtain_v by_o trojan_a law_n this_o be_v common_o write_v to_o have_v be_v a_o thousand_o year_n before_o christ_n and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a receive_v opinion_n among_o our_o antiquary_n that_o ebrincus_n son_n to_o mempricius_n build_v the_o city_n of_o york_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o in_o its_o due_a place_n that_o this_o island_n be_v call_v albion_n before_o the_o come_n of_o brute_n all_o author_n seem_v to_o agree_v though_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v some_o difference_n the_o just_a and_o most_o rational_a writer_n call_v albion_n ab_fw-la albis_fw-la rupibus_fw-la from_o the_o high_a and_o white_a cliff_n and_o rock_n discover_v by_o navigator_n as_o they_o sail_v by_o it_o yet_o some_o will_v be_v more_o quaint_a and_o fetch_v it_o further_o as_o if_o far_o fetch_v and_o dear_o buy_v be_v always_o good_a for_o lady_n and_o tell_v of_o a_o damasella_n call_v albone_n or_o albina_n daughter_n of_o dioclesian_n king_n of_o syria_n and_o this_o some_o of_o our_o history_n seem_v to_o aver_v notwithstanding_o no_o authentic_a writer_n as_o yet_o ever_o produce_v any_o such_o king_n to_o
so_o many_o vein_n and_o artery_n run_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o island_n these_o thing_n can_v not_o but_o please_v but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o sole_o to_o be_v enjoy_v without_o some_o danger_n for_o as_o the_o trojan_n pass_v from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o view_v the_o situation_n and_o opportune_a place_n to_o inhabit_v they_o be_v oft_o encounter_v with_o grisly_a creature_n exceed_v humane_a proportion_n who_o give_v they_o but_o rude_a and_o savage_a welcome_n and_o these_o be_v they_o who_o the_o goddess_n mean_v when_o she_o say_v habitata_fw-la gygantibus_fw-la olim_fw-la among_o these_o prodigious_a caitiff_n one_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o bulk_n and_o robustiousnesse_n who_o be_v call_v gogmagog_n with_o who_o corineus_n nephew_n to_o brute_n wrestle_v who_o although_o he_o have_v a_o rib_n break_v by_o this_o monster_n yet_o so_o foil_v he_o that_o he_o cast_v he_o down_o from_o the_o cliff_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o place_n afterward_o be_v call_v the_o fall_n of_o gogmagog_n i_o have_v hear_v some_o say_v that_o in_o glamorganshire_n there_o be_v a_o place_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o their_o own_o mother_n tongue_n call_v cwymp_n y_fw-fr cawr_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v the_o giant_n fall_n or_o overthrow_n but_o that_o name_n be_v change_v it_o be_v afterward_o call_v the_o fall_n of_o dover_n for_o this_o most_o valiant_a act_n and_o special_a good_a service_n brute_n give_v and_o allot_v unto_o corineus_n the_o province_n or_o country_n now_o call_v cornwall_n brute_n have_v destroy_v that_o race_n of_o giant_n former_o mention_v after_o a_o perfect_a discovery_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n pass_v by_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n for_o his_o recreation_n and_o find_v a_o place_n in_o all_o respect_v fit_a to_o build_v a_o city_n to_o make_v the_o capital_a and_o prime_a habitation_n of_o his_o new_a achieve_v kingdom_n set_v workman_n of_o all_o art_n and_o calling_n to_o accomplish_v and_o finish_v this_o his_o design_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o perfection_n to_o renew_v like_o a_o phoenix_n out_o of_o ash_n old_a troy_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v call_v troynovant_n i_o new_a troy_n which_o name_n continue_v till_o k._n lud_n enjoy_v the_o sceptre_n and_o rule_n in_o great_a britain_n upon_o that_o time_n say_v my_o author_n of_o m._n lxviii_o 10._o fabian_z fol._n 10._o who_o then_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v call_v lud_n town_n and_o now_o london_n this_o now_o glorious_a city_n rome_n itself_o be_v not_o build_v in_o one_o day_n and_o former_o as_o glorious_a a_o stile_n be_v call_v augusta_n for_o we_o read_v in_o divers_a grave_a and_o learned_a author_n that_o st._n augulus_fw-la be_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n viz._n london_n in_o england_n as_o both_o catholic_n and_o protestant_n expound_v it_o and_o among_o they_o one_o in_o a_o sermon_n before_o k._n james_n say_v your_o city_n have_v be_v ancient_o style_v augusta_n for_o we_o read_v both_o in_o the_o ancient_a roman_a martyrologe_n st._n bede_n vsuardus_n ado_n vandalbertus_n petrus_n de_fw-fr natalibus_n and_o other_o that_o this_o augulus_fw-la be_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n in_o brittannia_fw-la augusta_n or_o london_n in_o brittanny_n and_o be_v a_o martyr_n augusta_n in_o brittannia_fw-la natalis_fw-la beati_fw-la auguli_fw-la episcopi_fw-la qui_fw-la aetatis_fw-la cursum_fw-la per_fw-la martyrium_fw-la explens_fw-la aeterna_fw-la proemia_fw-la suscipere_fw-la meruit_fw-la baronius_n say_v he_o can_v tell_v when_o he_o suffer_v quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la passius_fw-la sit_fw-la hactenus_fw-la mihi_fw-la obscurum_fw-la but_o if_o we_o compare_v the_o name_n of_o london_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v call_v augusta_n with_o other_o circumstance_n and_o with_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n after_o the_o time_n of_o k._n lucius_n we_o shall_v very_o probable_o find_v that_o this_o our_o worthy_a saint_n bishop_n of_o london_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o first_o bishop_n that_o be_v consecrate_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o long_o before_o our_o common_a conversion_n in_o the_o day_n of_o k._n lucius_n and_o so_o consequent_o of_o st._n peter_n or_o his_o disciple_n st._n aristobulus_n no_o other_o then_o be_v here_o with_o eminent_a authority_n to_o consecrate_v he_o bishop_n and_o settle_v he_o bishop_n of_o augusta_n london_n or_o first_o this_o city_n be_v not_o call_v augusta_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n lucius_n when_o this_o nation_n be_v general_o convert_v but_o only_o londinum_n london_n nor_o never_o since_o that_o time_n or_o by_o any_o before_o but_o by_o the_o roman_n at_o their_o first_o settle_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o claudius_n and_o that_o the_o general_a opinion_n be_v that_o london_n be_v call_v augusta_n dio._n and_o xiphelinus_n write_v that_o legio_n augustalis_n non_fw-la nata_fw-la hibernabat_fw-la in_o superiore_fw-la britannia_fw-la the_o roman_a legion_n so_o term_v winter_v in_o the_o upper_a britain_n near_o london_n as_o be_v think_v it_o be_v long_o before_o dioclesian_n time_n when_o it_o be_v thus_o call_v in_o the_o day_n of_o caesar_n augustus_n or_o soon_o after_o a_o late_a french_a author_n of_o this_o our_o britain_n in_o his_o history_n seem_v to_o say_v or_o think_v that_o caerlegeon_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o julius_n agricola_n and_o by_o he_o name_v augusta_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o only_o vary_v the_o particular_a place_n of_o his_o martyrdom_n viz._n st._n augulus_fw-la nothing_o detract_n from_o he_o or_o the_o glory_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o that_o this_o saint_n be_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n i_o london_n and_o not_o augusta_n caerlegion_n this_o reason_n may_v conclude_v for_o that_o tremonius_a and_o st._n dubritius_fw-la be_v the_o first_o that_o be_v name_v bishop_n of_o augusta_n caerlegion_n certain_o mr._n cambden_n observe_v very_o well_o that_o london_n be_v call_v augusta_n quia_fw-la ea_fw-la dignitate_fw-la floruit_fw-la londinum_n ut_fw-la augusta_n dici_fw-la caeperit_n and_o many_o foreign_a city_n very_o famous_a be_v call_v augusta_n in_o that_o respect_n as_o augusta_n taurinorum_n aug._n trieastinorum_n aug._n veromanduor_n m_o aug._n valeria_n aug._n emerita_n aug._n bracchara_n aug._n acilia_n aug._n tiberii_n aug._n vindeliciorum_n aug._n caesarea_n aug._n vestorum_fw-la aug._n trevirorum_n now_o as_o concern_v bishop_n not_o only_a augusta_n london_n st._n anacletus_fw-la it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o church_n to_o constitute_v primate_fw-la where_fw-mi pagan_n have_v their_o archflaman_n but_o also_o other_o place_n order_v by_o his_o tome_n or_o the_o catalogue_n of_o st._n peter_n st._n clement_n caerlegion_n caerlegion_n &_o ex_fw-la anacleto_fw-it huius_fw-la insulae_fw-la divisionem_fw-la canterbury_n london_n caerlegeon_n york_n and_o alba_n in_o scotland_n by_o some_o take_v to_o be_v the_o now_o st._n andrews_n vrbs_fw-la legionum_fw-la observe_v in_o the_o latin_a caerlegion_n i_o vrbs_fw-la legionum_fw-la put_v in_o the_o first_o place_n cantuaria_n londonia_n eboraca_n and_o alba_n unde_fw-la albania_n provincia_n be_v design_v see_v of_o such_o primate_fw-la as_o giraldus_n cam._n sir_n john_n price_n matthew_n parker_n 1_o arch._n b._n pro._n do_v testify_v thus_o much_o concern_v this_o famous_a and_o renown_a city_n of_o london_n not_o without_o cause_n call_v augusta_n brute_n have_v finish_v this_o structure_n and_o give_v name_n to_o it_o to_o perpetuate_v the_o memory_n of_o that_o city_n of_o which_o the_o poet_n say_v nunc_fw-la seges_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la troja_n fuit_fw-la give_v also_o a_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a island_n call_v it_o britania_n à _fw-la bruto_fw-la so_o do_v romulus_n by_o rome_n alexander_n by_o alexandria_n and_o caesar_n by_o caesarea_n and_o so_o divers_a other_o great_a and_o eminent_a commander_n and_o potentate_n name_v both_o whole_a kingdom_n land_n and_o great_a city_n after_o their_o own_o name_n that_o in_o they_o their_o memory_n may_v live_v for_o ever_o brute_n have_v accomplish_v the_o thread_n of_o life_n allot_v by_o the_o fatal_a sister_n and_o have_v leave_v rule_n for_o his_o briton_n to_o live_v in_o civil_a amity_n and_o orderly_a government_n after_o a_o prosperous_a reign_n and_o happy_a in_o a_o hopeful_a posterity_n he_o bethink_v himself_o of_o settle_v his_o estate_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v all_o contention_n and_o discord_n betwixt_o his_o son_n which_o be_v three_o locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n betwixt_o these_o three_o he_o divide_v his_o new_a acquire_v kingdom_n to_o the_o elder_a he_o give_v troynovant_n with_o all_o the_o country_n adjacent_a which_o be_v now_o call_v england_n contain_v east_n west_n and_o south_n but_o as_o his_o father_n have_v call_v the_o whole_a island_n britannia_n and_o his_o subject_n britannos_fw-la or_o britones_n so_o locrine_n after_o his_o name_n call_v his_o share_n loegria_n and_o at_o this_o very_a day_n the_o welsh_a call_n england_n lloegre_n to_o his_o second_o son_n camber_n he_o bequeath_v that_o part_n which_o after_o the_o saxon_n call_v wales_n
stumpuis_n partly_o by_o petition_v and_o supplication_n but_o without_o doubt_n not_o without_o empty_v his_o bag_n obtain_v that_o the_o church_n may_v stand_v which_o be_v now_o the_o parish-church_n this_o town_n say_v a_o new_a author_n anonymus_fw-la be_v by_o antoninus_n in_o his_o itinerarium_fw-la call_v cunetio_n from_o the_o river_n kennet_n and_o marleburgh_n as_o be_v seat_v in_o a_o chalky_a soil_n which_o in_o some_o place_n still_o well_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o marle_n here_o hen._n 3._o hold_v a_o parliament_n in_o which_o be_v many_o statute_n and_o as_o the_o preamble_n say_v right_o necessary_a for_o the_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o people_n now_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o have_v give_v stile_n of_o earl_n to_o 1._o james_n l._n ley_n l._n tr._n create_v earl_n of_o marlborough_n 1_o car._n feb._n 7._o 2._o henry_n ley._n 3._o james_n ley_n e._n of_o mal._n argent_fw-fr a_o cheveron_n between_o 3_o bear_n head_n coup_v sable_a the_o next_o place_n which_o mulmutius_n dunwallo_n build_v be_v thevies_a which_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n call_v divisio_fw-la another_o de_fw-fr vie_v and_o nubrigensis_n divisae_fw-la here_o be_v a_o castle_n build_v by_o roger_n the_o rich_a bishop_n of_o salisbury_n for_o situation_n and_o workmanship_n give_v place_n to_o none_o but_o fortune_n be_v a_o goddess_n both_o blind_a and_o fickle_a for_o he_o who_o even_o now_o be_v the_o second_o head_n in_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o frown_n or_o rather_o avarice_n of_o k._n stephen_n be_v not_o only_o plunder_v of_o his_o vast_a and_o almost_o inexhaustible_a treasure_n but_o also_o cast_v into_o a_o loathsome_a gaol_n where_o the_o poor_a old_a man_n with_o hunger_n and_o what_o with_o affliction_n and_o misery_n betwixt_o the_o fear_n of_o death_n and_o torment_n of_o his_o life_n will_v feign_v have_v die_v yet_o know_v not_o how_o to_o die_v mulmutius_n dunwallo_n have_v with_o great_a honour_n rule_v the_o britain_n by_o the_o space_n 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gildas_n say_v of_o they_o that_o they_o stand_v out_o in_o the_o army_n of_o christ_n with_o great_a magnanimity_n 5._o giral_n sup_v itin._n come_v l._n 1._o c._n 5._o summa_fw-la magnanimitate_fw-la in_o acie_n christi_fw-la praestantes_fw-la dico_fw-la giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la be_v witness_n that_o among_o the_o martyr_n of_o that_o time_n they_o be_v the_o chief_a next_o to_o st._n alban_n and_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la post_fw-la albanum_fw-la &_o amphibalum_fw-la praecipui_fw-la martyrio_fw-la coronati_fw-la julius_n &_o aron_n how_o they_o be_v honour_v of_o the_o holy_a catholic_n christian_n of_o that_o time_n with_o church_n dedicate_v to_o they_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o place_n of_o their_o martyrdom_n and_o they_o both_o there_o and_o in_o other_o place_n honour_v invocate_v and_o pray_v unto_o present_o upon_o the_o cease_n of_o the_o persecution_n now_o it_o will_v suffice_v to_o conclude_v with_o that_o their_o title_n of_o glory_n and_o renown_n which_o the_o 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&_o aron_n qui_fw-la in_o persecutione_n dioclesiani_n passi_fw-la sunt_fw-la it_o present_o add_v quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la ibidem_fw-la quam_fw-la plurimi_fw-la diversis_fw-la cruciatibus_fw-la torti_fw-la &_o saevissime_fw-la lacerati_fw-la ad_fw-la supernae_fw-la civitatis_fw-la gaudia_fw-la consummato_fw-la ago_o pervenerunt_fw-la at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o the_o same_o place_n very_o many_o torture_v with_o divers_a torment_n and_o most_o cruel_o tear_v have_v end_v their_o combat_n come_v to_o the_o joy_n of_o heaven_n and_o st._n bede_n say_v that_o ea_fw-la tempestate_fw-la at_o that_o time_n when_o st._n julius_n and_o st._n aron_n be_v martyr_v divers_a other_o both_o man_n and_o woman_n be_v put_v to_o death_n alii_fw-la utriusque_fw-la sexus_fw-la passi_fw-la sunt_fw-la ea_fw-la tempestate_fw-la so_o have_v henry_n of_o huntingdon_n passi_n sunt_fw-la eo_fw-la tempore_fw-la julius_n &_o aron_n alii_fw-la quoque_fw-la plures_fw-la utriusque_fw-la sexus_fw-la and_o we_o 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fol._n 4._o in_o will._n conq._n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n the_o truth_n whereof_o i_o will_v not_o dispute_v that_o this_o most_o victorious_a king_n be_v not_o bear_v in_o lawful_a wedlock_n some_o make_v the_o like_a quere_z of_o alexander_n other_o of_o julius_n caesar_n many_o such_o have_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n to_o the_o great_a admiration_n and_o astonishment_n of_o posterity_n and_o that_o bastard_n shall_v inherit_v kingdom_n principality_n and_o other_o signory_n it_o be_v no_o unusual_a thing_n sir_n john_n hayward_n write_v the_o life_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o be_v common_o call_v william_n the_o bastard_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v a_o general_a custom_n at_o that_o time_n in_o france_n that_o bastard_n do_v succeed_v even_o in_o dignity_n of_o high_a degree_n and_o condition_n no_o otherwise_o then_o child_n lawful_a beget_v thierry_n bastard_n of_o clovis_n have_v for_o his_o partage_n with_o the_o dutiful_a child_n of_o the_o say_v clovis_n the_o 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never_o see_v they_o they_o be_v in_o divers_a place_n to_o be_v have_v so_o that_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v eastly_a prove_v to_o make_v a_o end_n i_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n bear_v as_o also_o ignorant_a in_o our_o history_n and_o in_o the_o tongue_n and_o language_n wherein_o they_o be_v write_v history_n polidore_v ignorance_n the_o cause_n of_o many_o man_n error_n in_o history_n can_v never_o set_v forth_o a_o true_a and_o perfect_a chronicle_n of_o the_o same_o but_o he_o have_v a_o good_a grace_n and_o fluent_a phrase_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o find_v himself_o in_o a_o country_n where_o every_o man_n either_o lack_v knowledge_n or_o a_o spirit_n to_o set_v forth_o the_o history_n of_o their_o own_o country_n take_v this_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n to_o their_o great_a shame_n and_o no_o less_o dispraise_n because_o he_o a_o blind_a leader_n shall_v draw_v a_o great_a number_n of_o undiscreet_a and_o rash_a follower_n as_o well_o geographer_n &_o 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of_o the_o name_n of_o britain_n affirm_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o call_v of_o britain_n in_o france_n as_o the_o elder_a of_o that_o name_n but_o sure_o he_o have_v either_o never_o see_v ptolemy_n nor_o caesar_n nor_o any_o other_o ancient_a writer_n or_o read_v they_o with_o small_a judgement_n and_o memory_n for_o there_o he_o may_v have_v learn_v that_o when_o this_o land_n be_v call_v britain_n the_o other_o be_v call_v armorica_n and_o how_o in_o maximus_n time_n conan_n meriadoc_n be_v the_o first_o that_o give_v it_o that_o name_n and_o inhabit_v it_o with_o britain_n out_o of_o this_o isle_n other_o derivation_n of_o these_o word_n out_o of_o greek_a and_o latin_a i_o be_o ashamed_a to_o relate_v of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v former_o i_o will_v therefore_o return_v to_o the_o description_n of_o wales_n which_o be_v almost_o in_o old_a time_n compass_v about_o with_o the_o irish_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o severne_n although_o afterward_o the_o saxon_n win_v by_o force_n from_o the_o britain_n all_o the_o plain_a as_o be_v already_o say_v and_o champion_v country_n over_o the_o river_n and_o special_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n who_o make_v a_o ditch_n of_o great_a breadth_n and_o depth_n to_o be_v a_o mere_a betwixt_o his_o kingdom_n and_o wales_n which_o ditch_n begin_v at_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi by_o basingwerk_n between_o chester_n and_o ruthlan_n and_o run_v along_o the_o hill_n side_n to_o the_o south_n sea_n a_o little_a from_o britstol_n reach_v above_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o be_v in_o many_o place_n to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o clawdh_n offa_n viz._n offa_n ditch_n and_o the_o country_n between_o it_o and_o england_n be_v common_o call_v in_o welsh_a y_fw-fr mars_n although_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v now_o inhabit_v by_o welshman_n namely_o in_o north-wales_n which_o yet_o keep_v the_o ancient_a limit_n to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o in_o some_o place_n over_o it_o other_o as_o sylvester_n giraldus_n make_v the_o river_n why_o call_v in_o welsh_a guy_n to_o be_v a_o mear_v between_o england_n and_o wales_n on_o the_o south_n part_v call_v south-wales_n who_o measure_v the_o breadth_n of_o wales_n from_o sallow_a or_o willowford_n call_v rhydyrhelig_v upon_o wy_n to_o st._n david_n in_o menevia_n a_o 100_o mile_n and_o the_o length_n from_o caertheon_n upon_o vsk_n in_o gwentland_n to_o holy_a head_n call_v caergibi_fw-la in_o anglesey_n in_o welsh_a call_v môn_v above_o a_o 100_o mile_n and_o these_o be_v the_o common_a mere_n at_o this_o day_n although_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n be_v common_o use_v and_o speak_v england-ward_n beyond_o these_o old_a mere_n a_o great_a way_n as_o in_o herefordshire_n glocestershire_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o shropshire_n and_o thus_o for_o the_o general_a description_n of_o wales_n which_o afterward_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 870._o rodericus_fw-la magnus_fw-la king_n of_o wales_n divide_v it_o into_o three_o territory_n which_o he_o call_v kingdom_n which_o remain_v till_o of_o late_a day_n these_o three_o be_v gwyneth_n north-wales_n dehenbarth_n southwales_n and_o powis_n land_n in_o every_o of_o which_o he_o ordain_v a_o princely_a seat_n or_o court_n for_o a_o prince_n to_o remain_v at_o most_o common_o as_o in_o gwyneth_n which_o some_o old_a writer_n call_v venedocia_fw-la abersfraw_n abersfraw_n for_o gwinethia_n abersfraw_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n in_o deheuberth_n call_v in_o latin_a demetia_n '_o caermardhyn_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v afterward_o remove_v to_o dinevowr_v eight_o mile_n thence_o dinevowr_n dinevowr_n in_o powis_n penguerne_v call_v y_o mwythic_a and_o in_o english_a shrewsbury_n methraval_n methraval_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v remove_v to_o mtheraval_n in_o powis_n land_n and_o because_o this_o history_n do_v as_o well_o entreat_v of_o war_n betwixt_o these_o three_o province_n as_o betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o saxon_n norman_n and_o fleming_n i_o think_v good_a to_o set_v forth_o the_o particular_a description_n of_o every_o part_n by_o itself_o and_o first_o of_o north-wales_n as_o the_o chief_a part_n which_o he_o give_v his_o elder_a son_n north-wales_n north-wales_n order_v that_o either_o of_o the_o other_o two_o shall_v pay_v he_o yearly_a 200._o pound_n of_o tribute_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o welsh_a and_o also_o in_o latin_a therefore_o gwyneth_n call_v north-wales_n have_v upon_o the_o northside_n the_o sea_n from_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi at_o basingwerck_n to_o aberdyni_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o southwest_n the_o river_n dini_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o southwales_n and_o in_o some_o place_n from_o powis_n land_n and_o on_o the_o south_n and_o east_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o powis_n land_n sometime_o by_o the_o mountain_n and_o sometime_o with_o river_n till_o it_o come_v
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end_v his_o life_n in_o the_o eighty_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o age_n ante_fw-la mr._n will_n ut_fw-la ante_fw-la and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n eight_o hundreed_n seventy_o seven_o alured_n the_o son_n of_o the_o godly_a king_n ethelwolph_n be_v then_o king_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n he_o be_v bury_v at_o keyby_n castle_n in_o anglesey_n engharad_n princess_n of_o wales_n wife_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o meirich_v the_o son_n of_o dyfnwal_n the_o son_n of_o arthen_a ap_fw-mi sytsilt_fw-mi king_n of_o cardigan_n their_o issue_n mervin_n prince_n of_o venâ—dosia_n or_o north-wales_n of_o who_o more_o hereafter_o anarandus_fw-la be_v second_o son_n to_o who_o his_o father_n give_v the_o 105._o cantred_n or_o hundred_o of_o powis_n land_n and_o for_o that_o of_o all_o his_o brethren_n he_o be_v the_o most_o valiant_a and_o approve_a warrior_n he_o seat_v he_o in_o the_o march_n or_o border_n of_o wales_n his_o principal_a seat_n and_o manor_n be_v at_o mathraval_n the_o patrimony_n of_o this_o anarandus_fw-la namely_o the_o principality_n of_o powis_n in_o process_n of_o time_n devolve_v and_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o woman_n name_v hawis_n as_o her_o right_n and_o inheritance_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o one_o john_n chorlton_n a_o englishman_n enfeoff_v he_o with_o her_o right_a and_o make_v he_o lord_n of_o powis_n from_o this_o family_n it_o descend_v at_o last_o to_o the_o grey_n of_o the_o north_n and_o thereby_o utter_o lose_v that_o name_n and_o title_n of_o principality_n for_o andornus_n or_o owen_n the_o father_n of_o hawis_n or_o avis_n be_v call_v and_o send_v for_o to_o a_o parliament_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o hold_v at_o shrewsbury_n by_o the_o decree_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n take_v his_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la under_o the_o title_n and_o tenure_n of_o free_a baronage_n of_o england_n and_o
angharat_n daughter_n to_o meredith_n king_n of_o wales_n do_v govern_v north-wales_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n be_v all_o this_o time_n with_o his_o father_n in_o law_n in_o ireland_n caradock_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytheryc_a be_v the_o first_o that_o procure_v haroald_n to_o come_v into_o wales_n against_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n hope_v by_o he_o to_o attain_v unto_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n but_o it_o fall_v ontotherwise_o for_o when_o haroald_n understand_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o get_v that_o which_o he_o look_v for_o at_o the_o hand_n of_o caradock_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a lordship_n within_o wales_n nigh_o unto_o hereford_n and_o know_v also_o caradoc_n to_o be_v a_o subtle_a and_o deceitful_a man_n compound_v with_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n for_o that_o lordship_n he_o make_v he_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o banish_a caradoc_n out_o of_o the_o country_n afterward_o haroald_v have_v obtain_v that_o lordship_n build_v there_o a_o stately_a and_o princely_a house_n at_o a_o place_n call_v portashlyth_a and_o divers_a time_n earnest_o invite_v the_o king_n to_o come_v and_o see_v the_o same_o and_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v then_o at_o gloucester_n not_o far_o of_o grant_v he_o his_o request_n whereupon_o haroald_n make_v such_o preparation_n as_o be_v most_o wonderful_a and_o as_o much_o abuse_v soon_o after_o this_o the_o say_a caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n come_v to_o the_o same_o house_n and_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o haroald_n kill_v all_o the_o workman_n and_o labourer_n that_o be_v at_o work_n and_o all_o the_o servant_n and_o people_n of_o haroald_n that_o he_o can_v find_v and_o deface_v the_o work_n carry_v away_o those_o thing_n that_o with_o great_a labour_n and_o expense_n have_v be_v bring_v thither_o and_o set_v out_o and_o beautify_v the_o building_n william_n common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n be_v now_o king_n of_o england_n and_o edrik_n sylvaticus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o alfrike_n earl_n of_o mercia_n refuse_v to_o submit_v himself_o as_o oher_n have_v do_v when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o king_n be_v depart_v to_o normandy_n rise_v against_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v in_o his_o absence_n to_o keep_v the_o land_n in_o obedience_n whereupon_o those_o that_o lay_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o hereford_n richard_n fitz_n scroop_n and_o other_o oftentimes_o invade_v his_o land_n and_o waste_v the_o good_n of_o his_o tenant_n but_o as_o often_o as_o they_o come_v against_o he_o they_o always_o lose_v some_o of_o their_o own_o man_n at_o length_n he_o call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o king_n of_o wales_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o hereford_n even_o to_o weigh_a bridge_n and_o then_o return_v with_o great_a booty_n this_o year_n also_o 1068._o meredith_n and_o ithel_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n raise_v a_o strong_a army_n against_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n king_n of_o north-wales_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v mechain_n where_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n there_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o one_o part_n ithel_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o rywalhon_n and_o meredith_n put_v to_o flight_n who_o blethyn_n pursue_v so_o strait_o that_o he_o starve_v for_o cold_a and_o hunger_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o so_o blethyn_n son_n of_o convyn_n remain_v the_o only_a king_n of_o powis_n and_o north-wales_n carodoc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o frenchman_n for_o so_o the_o british_a book_n call_v the_o norman_n to_o enter_v southwales_n to_o who_o he_o join_v his_o power_n of_o gwentland_n and_o give_v meredith_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v he_o upon_o the_o river_n rympyn_n about_o this_o time_n the_o norman_n bring_v great_a force_n into_o westwales_n by_o sea_n and_o destroy_v dynet_n and_o the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o carry_v away_o much_o spoil_v and_o do_v so_o likewise_o the_o year_n follow_v bleythyd_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n or_o saint_n david_n die_v about_o this_o time_n and_o sulien_n be_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n radulf_n earl_n of_o east_n angle_n his_o mother_n come_v out_o of_o wales_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o welshman_n assist_v he_o against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 11._o matth._n west_n lib._n 2._o fol._n 6_o math._n parker_n p._n 11._o for_o ranulf_n send_v for_o many_o of_o his_o mother_n friend_n and_o kinsman_n to_o come_v unto_o he_o meaning_n through_o their_o aid_n and_o procurement_n to_o get_v the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o his_o enterprise_n but_o william_n have_v notice_n of_o this_o plot_n and_o come_v before_o he_o be_v send_v for_o he_o hang_v some_o of_o the_o welshman_n among_o other_o put_v our_o the_o eye_n of_o many_o and_o banish_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o year_n 1073._o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convin_n king_n of_o wales_n be_v traitorous_o and_o cowardly_o murder_v by_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n tywy_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v wales_n thirteen_o year_n this_o man_n be_v very_o liberal_a and_o merciful_a do_v justice_n and_o equity_n all_o his_o reign_n he_o have_v divers_a woman_n and_o many_o child_n first_o meredith_n by_o haer_fw-mi daughter_n to_o gythyn_n lywarck_n and_o cadogan_n by_o another_o woman_n madâ—e_n and_o ryrid_a by_o the_o three_o jorwerth_n by_o the_o four_o trahern_n the_o son_n of_o caradoc_n after_o the_o death_n of_o blethyn_n trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n his_o cousin_n german_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o rytherck_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n do_v jont_o rule_v southwales_n then_o gruffith_n son_n to_o conan_n son_n to_o jago_n or_o james_n right_a inheritor_n of_o north-wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o succour_n with_o his_o brethren_n encumalhon_n king_n of_o vltonia_fw-la and_o ranalht_n and_o mathaw_v have_v deliver_v he_o and_o land_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n kynwric_n ap_fw-mi rynalbon_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o maelor_n or_o bromfield_n be_v slay_v in_o north-wales_n this_o year_n also_o gronow_v and_o lhewelin_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v join_v their_o power_n with_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n to_o revenge_v their_o grandfather_n death_n and_o then_o fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v camdhwc_n where_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n obtain_v the_o victory_n short_o after_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n pass_v over_o the_o water_n from_o môn_n to_o the_o main_a land_n and_o trabern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o bronyrew_n where_o gruffith_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o retire_v back_o to_o the_o isle_n year_n 1074_o in_o the_o year_n 1074._o rytherc_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v slay_v by_o treason_n of_o his_o own_o cousin_n german_n meyrchaon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi rytherc_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rule_v southwales_n alone_o nevertheless_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n gather_v their_o power_n and_o come_v against_o he_o and_o fight_v with_o he_o the_o second_o time_n at_o gwaynyttyd_n where_o he_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o yet_o he_o gather_v new_a force_n and_o keep_v the_o land_n still_o then_o trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n move_v his_o force_n against_o rees_n who_o bold_o meet_v he_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pwlhgwttic_a where_o after_o long_o fight_v rees_n be_v put_v to_o slight_v and_o after_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n he_o flee_v from_o place_n to_o place_n fear_v all_o thing_n like_o a_o stag_n that_o have_v be_v late_o chase_v which_o mistrust_v every_o noise_n but_o at_o the_o last_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n howel_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n aâ—_n gruffith_n who_o slay_v they_o both_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o noble_a prince_n blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n at_o this_o time_n sulien_n archbishop_n of_o saint_n david_n do_v forsake_v his_o bishopric_n and_o abraham_n be_v choose_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n year_n 1077_o in_o the_o year_n 1077._o rees_n the_o son_n of_o theodore_n the_o son_n of_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n as_o right_a inheritor_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n claim_v the_o same_o and_o the_o people_n receive_v he_o with_o much_o joy_n and_o make_v he_o their_o prince_n the_o next_o year_n menevia_n be_v all_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v by_o stranger_n and_o abraham_n the_o bishop_n die_v after_o who_o death_n sulien_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v the_o bishopric_n again_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n do_v bring_v a_o great_a army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n into_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n as_o two_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o
whole_a country_n gruffith_n of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n of_o southwales_n descend_v both_o lineal_o from_o roderic_n the_o great_a against_o who_o come_v trahern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n and_o caradoc_n gruffith_n and_o mailer_n the_o son_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n his_o cousin_n germane_a for_o gwyn_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n be_v their_o grandfather_n who_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a ruler_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o after_o they_o have_v meet_v at_o the_o mountain_n of_o carno_n they_o fight_v a_o cruel_a battle_n and_o be_v the_o more_o eager_a because_o upon_o that_o day_n work_v lay_v the_o life_n and_o honour_n of_o either_o party_n but_o at_o length_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o gruffith_n and_o rees_n and_o trahern_n with_o his_o cousin_n be_v all_o slay_v and_o most_o part_n of_o their_o people_n then_o the_o kingdom_n of_o wales_n come_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n again_o at_o this_o time_n also_o a_o noble_a man_n in_o wales_n call_v vrgency_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o rees_n sais_n i_o e._n rees_n the_o englishman_n for_o so_o they_o use_v to_o name_v all_o such_o as_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n or_o can_v speak_v english_a gules_a three_o lion_n pass_v gardant_a or_o other_o say_v only_o passant_a which_o i_o rather_o approve_v of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n conqueror_n the_o welsh_a prince_n do_v homage_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n after_o the_o death_n of_o trahern_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n do_v quiet_o rule_v north-wales_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n southwales_n in_o the_o year_n 1079._o william_n common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n enter_v wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o pass_v as_o far_o as_o saint_n david_n where_o he_o offer_v and_o take_v homage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o land_n and_o not_o long_o after_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o walwey_n king_n arthur_n sister_n son_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n in_o the_o country_n of_o ros_n the_o body_n by_o estimation_n upon_o view_v of_o the_o bone_n be_v think_v to_o be_v fourteen_o foot_n in_o length_n walwey_n in_o his_o life_n time_n be_v a_o right_n noble_a and_o valiant_a warrior_n of_o very_o good_a reputation_n who_o rule_v that_o country_n which_o to_o this_o day_n from_o he_o be_v call_v walwethay_n build_v caerdiff_n build_v and_o this_o year_n sulion_n forsake_v his_o bishopric_n the_o second_o time_n and_o wilfrid_n be_v install_v in_o his_o place_n and_o in_o this_o time_n also_o the_o town_n of_o caerdyff_fw-mi be_v build_v year_n 1087_o about_o the_o year_n 1087._o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n sometime_o king_n of_o wales_n gather_v their_o strength_n together_o against_o rees_n of_o tewdor_n who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o meet_v they_o flee_v to_o ireland_n and_o there_o he_o purchase_v to_o himself_o great_a friend_n and_o get_v a_o army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n to_o who_o he_o promise_v great_a reward_n when_o he_o shall_v obtain_v his_o kingdom_n and_o so_o land_v in_o southwales_n with_o those_o stranger_n which_o when_o his_o friend_n hear_v of_o they_o draw_v to_o he_o and_o the_o other_o come_v in_o all_o haste_n think_v to_o fight_v with_o he_o before_o his_o power_n shall_v increase_v and_o at_o lhechryd_n they_o give_v he_o battle_n where_o they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o two_o of_o the_o brethren_n slay_v to_o wit_n madoc_n and_o riryd_n and_o the_o other_o flee_v and_o forsake_v the_o country_n as_o soon_o as_o rees_n be_v in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o his_o kingdom_n he_o send_v home_o his_o stranger_n with_o great_a reward_n about_o this_o time_n the_o shrine_n of_o saint_n david_n be_v steal_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o when_o all_o the_o jewel_n and_o treasure_n be_v take_v away_o the_o shrine_n be_v leave_v where_o it_o may_v be_v find_v again_o about_o this_o time_n the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o shrewsbury_n with_o the_o welshman_n burn_v all_o worcestershire_n and_o glocestershire_n to_o the_o very_a gate_n of_o worcester_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1088._o there_o be_v a_o terrible_a earthquake_n through_o all_o the_o land_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v dye_v sulien_n the_o godly_a and_o wise_a man_n and_o the_o great_a clerk_n in_o all_o wales_n be_v 89._o year_n old_a about_o this_o time_n certain_a stranger_n which_o be_v rover_n upon_o the_o sea_n land_v at_o st._n david_n and_o rob_v it_o and_o burn_v the_o town_n at_o which_o time_n also_o cadinor_a the_o the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n lord_n of_o dinet_n die_v who_o son_n lhewelyn_n and_o eneon_n move_v gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n to_o make_v war_n against_o their_o lord_n and_o prince_n rees_n ap_fw-mi tewdor_n and_o so_o join_v all_o their_o strength_n together_o come_v against_o he_o to_o lhandydoc_n where_o rees_n be_v who_o give_v they_o battle_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n pursue_v they_o so_o sore_o that_o he_o take_v gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n and_o put_v he_o death_n but_o eneon_n son_n to_o cadinor_n ap_fw-mi colhoyn_v flee_v to_o jestin_a lord_n of_o morganwc_n who_o likewise_o rebel_v against_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n and_o promise_v upon_o condition_n to_o have_v jestin_n daughter_n in_o marriage_n and_o certain_a other_o covenant_n then_o agree_v upon_o between_o they_o to_o bring_v to_o their_o succour_n a_o army_n of_o norman_n for_o he_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n before_o and_o be_v well_o know_v and_o acquaint_v with_o all_o the_o english_a nobility_n which_o thing_n be_v thus_o conclude_v they_o be_v full_o determine_v to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o rees_n and_o so_o eneon_n go_v to_o england_n and_o wrought_v such_o mean_n that_o he_o procure_v robert_n fitzhamon_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n rufus_n which_o twelve_o other_o knight_n to_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n of_o frenchman_n and_o norman_n to_o come_v to_o their_o aid_n who_o short_o after_o land_v in_o glamorganshire_n where_o jestin_a ap_fw-mi gurgent_a lord_n of_o the_o land_n receive_v they_o with_o much_o honour_n and_o join_v his_o power_n to_o they_o burn_v and_o spoil_v prince_n rees_n it_o grieve_v he_o exceed_o whereupon_o he_o sudden_o gather_v his_o people_n and_o meet_v he_o not_o far_o from_o brecknock_n where_o after_o a_o terrible_a fight_n he_o be_v slay_v with_o who_o fall_v and_o decay_v the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n this_o rees_n have_v by_o his_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi convin_n a_o son_n call_v gruffith_n who_o at_o his_o father_n death_n be_v but_o a_o very_a child_n and_o one_o grovo_n that_o be_v in_o the_o king_n prison_n these_o norman_n after_o they_o have_v receive_v their_o promise_a salary_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o jestin_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n when_o eneon_n burden_a jestin_n with_o the_o promise_n of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n jestin_n laugh_v he_o to_o scorn_v and_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o will_v bestow_v his_o daughter_n otherwise_o whereupon_o eneon_n full_a of_o anger_n and_o despite_n 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henry_n prepare_v a_o army_n against_o wales_n be_v thereunto_o provoke_v by_o such_o as_o will_v have_v the_o welshman_n land_n to_o wit_n gilbert_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigyl_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v give_v caerdigan_n who_o make_v grievous_a complaint_n against_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n declare_v that_o he_o receive_v and_o maintain_v such_o as_o rob_v and_o plunder_v the_o country_n also_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n say_v no_o less_o by_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n oath_n a_o rash_a and_o unchristian_a oath_n how_o that_o his_o man_n and_o the_o man_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n lord_n of_o tegengl_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o cheshire_n add_v to_o aggravate_v the_o matter_n that_o gruffith_n do_v neither_o acknowledge_v to_o owe_v service_n nor_o pay_v tribute_n to_o the_o king_n whereupon_o the_o king_n swear_v that_o he_o will_v not_o leave_v one_o live_a creature_n in_o north-wales_n and_o powis_n land_n but_o new_a colonize_v they_o then_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o three_o part_n the_o lead_n of_o the_o first_o he_o commit_v to_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o strygull_n doubt_n two_o great_a king_n against_o two_o petty_a prince_n a_o great_a conquest_n no_o doubt_n wherein_o be_v the_o whole_a power_n of_o all_o the_o four_o part_n of_o england_n and_o cornwall_n against_o southwales_n alexander_n king_n of_o scotland_n have_v the_o lead_n of_o the_o second_o division_n with_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n wherein_o the_o power_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o north_n be_v which_o go_v against_o north-wales_n and_o the_o king_n lead_v the_o three_o himself_o wherein_o be_v the_o strength_n of_o middle_a england_n then_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n fear_v this_o come_v and_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n but_o owen_n fear_v to_o commit_v himself_o to_o they_o who_o be_v so_o greedy_a of_o his_o land_n flee_v to_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n to_o north-wales_n whereupon_o the_o king_n turn_v all_o his_o strength_n that_o way_n come_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o murcastelh_n and_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n as_o far_o as_o pennant_n bachwy_n but_o the_o people_n flee_v to_o the_o mountain_n and_o wood_n and_o carry_v all_o their_o victual_n and_o cattle_n with_o they_o so_o that_o the_o king_n can_v not_o follow_v they_o and_o such_o of_o his_o man_n as_o enter_v the_o land_n be_v either_o slay_v or_o gall_v in_o the_o strait_n then_o the_o scottish_a king_n send_v to_o the_o prince_n to_o come_v and_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n and_o promise_v he_o the_o king_n peace_n but_o he_o be_v acquaint_v with_o such_o promise_n and_o will_v not_o the_o king_n therefore_o because_o he_o will_v not_o return_v without_o do_v something_o send_v to_o owen_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o to_o forsake_v the_o prince_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v
be_v there_o write_v a_o description_n of_o the_o country_n as_o he_o do_v also_o of_o england_n and_o wales_n some_o affirm_v he_o be_v archdeacon_n of_o landaff_n of_o brecknock_n and_o st._n david_n he_o be_v for_o certain_a be_v elect_a unto_o this_o see_v an._n 1199_o he_o make_v challenge_v unto_o the_o title_n of_o a_o archbishop_n at_o rome_n which_o controversy_n how_o it_o be_v debate_v and_o end_v you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o r._n hoveden_n his_o report_n of_o the_o year_n aforesaid_a he_o be_v once_o accuse_v of_o treason_n but_o happy_o acquit_v live_v till_o he_o be_v 70._o year_n of_o age_n and_o upward_o and_o die_v be_v bury_v in_o his_o own_o church_n he_o write_v many_o book_n the_o catalogue_n whereof_o you_o may_v find_v in_o bale_n 50._o jorwerth_n or_o edward_n be_v consecrate_v 1215._o 51._o alselmus_fw-la or_o anselmus_fw-la 52._o thomas_n archdeacon_n of_o lincoln_n a_o welshman_n and_o a_o great_a clerk_n forsake_v other_o great_a preferment_n accept_v of_o this_o bishopric_n be_v a_o miserable_a poor_a thing_n at_o that_o time_n the_o year_n 1247._o 53._o richard_n carrion_n 54._o thomas_n beck_n he_o found_v two_o college_n one_o at_o abergwily_n and_o another_o at_o lhan-dewybreny_a 55._o david_n martin_n 56._o henry_n gower_z he_o build_v the_o bishop_n palace_n at_o saint_n david_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1347._o 57_o john_n teresbie_n or_o thorsby_n translate_v to_o worcester_n 1349_o and_o thence_o to_o york_n 1352._o 58._o riginald_n brian_n translate_v to_o worcester_n 1352._o 59_o thomas_n fastock_n die_v the_o year_n 1361._o 60._o adam_n houghton_n found_v a_o college_n near_o to_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o st._n david_n he_o be_v chancellor_n of_o england_n for_o a_o time_n about_o the_o year_n 1376._o 61._o john_n gilbert_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n be_v translate_v to_o hereford_n 1376._o and_o thence_o hither_o 1389._o 62._o guido_n de_fw-fr mona_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1407_o who_o while_o he_o 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first_o archdeacon_n of_o sudbury_n than_o bishop_n of_o st._n david_n he_o write_v divers_a work_n among_o the_o rest_n a_o history_n or_o chronicle_n the_o year_n 1434_o the_o king_n endeavour_v to_o translate_v he_o to_o ely_n but_o can_v not_o 68_o william_n lynwood_n doctor_n of_o law_n first_o chancellor_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n than_o keeper_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n have_v first_o be_v employ_v in_o embassage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n portugal_n and_o other_o prince_n he_o write_v much_o among_o other_o his_o work_n he_o be_v famous_a for_o put_v in_o order_n such_o provincial_a constitution_n as_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n from_o the_o time_n of_o stephen_n langton_n unto_o henry_n chichley_n he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1440_o but_o just_a what_o time_n he_o become_v bishop_n or_o when_o he_o die_v i_o can_v tell_v he_o lie_v bury_v at_o st._n stephens_n in_o westminster_n 69._o john_n langton_n die_v within_o 15._o day_n after_o his_o consecration_n 70._o john_n de_fw-fr le_fw-fr beer_n 71._o robert_n tully_n a_o monk_n of_o gloucester_n this_o man_n i_o take_v to_o be_v he_o that_o by_o the_o name_n of_o robert_n sherborne_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v translate_v to_o chichester_n the_o year_n 1508._o 72._o richard_n martin_n 73._o thomas_n langton_n 74._o hugh_n pany_n he_o impropry_v to_o the_o vicar_n choral_n of_o st._n david_n the_o church_n of_o lan-saint-fred_n 75._o john_n morgan_z die_v in_o the_o priory_n of_o caermarthyn_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o his_o own_o church_n 76._o edward_n vaughan_n build_v a_o new_a chapel_n in_o his_o church_n of_o st._n david_n 77._o richard_n rawlin_fw-ge 78._o william_n barlow_n translate_v to_o well_n have_v sit_v here_o 10_o year_n about_o the_o year_n 1548_o and_o after_o to_o chichester_n 79._o robert_n ferrar_n of_o who_o read_v fox_n if_o you_o please_v 80._o henry_n morgan_z died_z decemb._n 23._o 1559._o 81._o thomas_n young_a stay_v here_o but_o a_o very_a short_a time_n be_v translate_v to_o york_n february_n 25._o 1561._o 82._o richard_n davis_n bishop_n of_o asaph_n 83._o marmaduke_n midleton_n bishop_n of_o waterford_n in_o ireland_n 84._o anthony_n rud_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n bear_v in_o yorkshire_n bring_v up_o in_o cambridge_n after_o he_o have_v be_v the_o space_n of_o nine_o year_n dean_n of_o gloucester_n be_v consecrate_v june_n the_o 9_o 1594._o 85._o richard_n milbourne_n translate_v to_o carlisle_n 86._o william_n laud_n 1621._o translate_v to_o well_n 1626._o from_o thence_o to_o london_n be_v chancellor_n of_o oxford_n last_o translate_v to_o canterbury_n 1633._o and_o last_o behead_v on_o tower-hill_n 87._o theoph._n field_n 1627._o translate_v to_o hereford_n 1635._o 88_o roger_n mainwaring_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n 1641._o at_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o parliament_n so_o fatal_a to_o bishop_n the_o bishopric_n of_o st._n david_n be_v value_v in_o the_o exchequer_n at_o 426_o l_o 22_o ob_n and_o in_o the_o pope_n book_n at_o 1500_o ducat_n let_v we_o now_o return_v to_o our_o former_a matter_n in_o hand_n about_o the_o year_n 1149._o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o yale_n build_v yale_n castle_n &_o lhanrystyd_n castle_n build_v and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n build_v another_o at_o lhanrystyd_n and_o give_v cadogan_n his_o son_n part_n of_o caerdigan_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o oswestrie_n which_o now_o give_v the_o title_n of_o a_o barony_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o howard_n and_o give_v his_o nephew_n owen_n and_o meiric_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n his_o part_n of_o cynelioc_n build_v oswestrie_n castle_n build_v the_o year_n after_o prince_n owen_n do_v imprison_v conan_n his_o son_n for_o certain_a fault_n commit_v against_o his_o father_n also_o prince_n owen_n son_n take_v his_o uncle_n cadwallader_n prisoner_n and_o bring_v his_o country_n and_o castle_n to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n also_o cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o caermarthyn_n and_o from_o thence_o conduct_v his_o army_n to_o cydwely_n where_o he_o destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n and_o after_o his_o return_n he_o join_v his_o force_n with_o meredyth_n and_o rees_n his_o brother_n and_o enter_v caerdigan_n win_v that_o part_n call_v isaeron_a not_o long_o after_o there_o fall_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o randol_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n throat_n the_o welsh_a still_o join_v with_o their_o enemy_n to_o cut_v their_o own_o throat_n which_o cause_v randal_n to_o gather_v supply_n and_o auxilary_n from_o all_o his_o friend_n in_o england_n to_o who_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powis_n disdain_v to_o hold_v his_o land_n of_o owen_n join_v all_o his_o power_n and_o they_o both_o together_o enter_v prince_n owen_n land_n who_o like_o a_o worthy_a prince_n not_o suffer_v the_o spoil_n of_o his_o subject_n meet_v they_o at_o counsylht_n and_o bold_o bid_v they_o battle_n which_o they_o refuse_v not_o but_o be_v more_o in_o number_n norman_n the_o welsh_a obtain_v a_o admirable_a victory_n against_o the_o norman_n and_o better_o arm_v and_o weapon_v be_v glad_a of_o the_o occasion_n yet_o before_o the_o end_n they_o throw_v away_o both_o weapon_n and_o armour_n and_o trust_v to_o their_o foot_n who_o the_o north-wales_n man_n do_v so_o pursue_v that_o few_o escape_v but_o be_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v the_o chief_a chieftain_n except_v who_o nimble_a horse_n carry_v they_o swift_o away_o in_o the_o year_n 1150._o cadelh_n meredyth_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n conquer_v all_o caerdigan_n from_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n except_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanvihengel_n
the_o bishopric_n though_o for_o the_o metropolitan_a dignity_n it_o be_v content_a to_o let_v st._n david_n have_v what_o be_v leave_v thereof_o the_o first_o bishop_n here_o of_o who_o be_v any_o good_a record_n be_v st._n dubritius_fw-la consecrate_v by_o saint_n lupus_n and_o germanus_n that_o time_n they_o come_v hither_o out_o of_o france_n for_o the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o pelagian_a heresy_n the_o church_n he_o dedicate_v to_o st._n thelianus_n the_o next_o successor_n to_o st._n dubritius_fw-la found_v on_o the_o river_n taff_n and_o thence_o call_v landaff_n then_o in_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n signify_v a_o church_n or_o holy_a place_n a_o church_n very_o well_o endow_v by_o the_o munificence_n and_o piety_n of_o great_a person_n in_o those_o time_n so_o well_o that_o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o mr._n godwin_n that_o be_v it_o possess_v now_o of_o the_o ten_o part_n only_o of_o what_o once_o it_o have_v it_o may_v be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o rich_a church_n in_o all_o christendom_n the_o ruin_n of_o it_o come_v in_o the_o time_n of_o bish_n dunstan_n alias_o kitehin_n who_o thereupon_o be_v call_v fundi_n nostri_fw-la calamitas_fw-la by_o bish_n godwin_n the_o diocese_n contain_v only_a part_n of_o glamorganshire_n and_o part_n of_o monmothshire_n though_o the_o most_o of_o each_o and_o in_o those_o part_n 177_o parish_n whereof_o 98_o impropriation_n and_o for_o they_o one_o archdeacon_n which_o be_v call_v of_o lhandaff_n the_o bishopric_n be_v value_v in_o the_o king_n book_n 154_o l._n 14_o s._n 1_o d._n the_o clergy_n pay_v for_o their_o ten_o somewhat_o near_o the_o same_o viz._n 155_o l._n 5_o s._n 4_o d._n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v or_o may_v be_v observe_v if_o it_o please_v the_o reader_n that_o neither_o here_o nor_o at_o st._n david_n there_o be_v any_o dean_n 423._o godwin_n in_o landaff_n fol._n 423._o nor_o ever_o be_v in_o any_o of_o the_o time_n before_o we_o the_o bishop_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o several_a chapter_n and_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o archdeacon_n here_o as_o be_v the_o chaunter_n at_o st._n david_n the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o landaff_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v first_o build_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n lucius_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n christ_n 180._o but_o i_o perceive_v not_o that_o any_o bishop_n sit_v there_o before_o dubritius_fw-la who_o by_o germanus_n bishop_n of_o altisiodore_n landaff_n the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n and_o lupus_n of_o trecasia_n two_o bishop_n of_o france_n be_v remove_v to_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o caerleon_n of_o the_o occasion_n of_o their_o double_a journey_n into_o these_o part_n for_o they_o be_v twice_o here_o and_o of_o dubritius_fw-la we_o have_v speak_v already_o so_o we_o must_v account_v st._n dubritius_fw-la the_o first_o bishop_n of_o lhandaff_n not_o that_o i_o deny_v any_o other_o to_o have_v sit_v there_o before_o he_o but_o because_o he_o be_v the_o first_o who_o name_n be_v remember_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a he_o have_v no_o predecessor_n because_o the_o memory_n of_o all_o his_o successor_n be_v so_o careful_o preserve_v st._n tebian_n alius_fw-la eliud_fw-la the_o second_o bishop_n be_v very_o noble_o bear_v and_o bring_v up_o under_o dubritius_fw-la his_o predecessor_n and_o saulinus_n together_o with_o st._n david_n i_o find_v deliver_v than_o soon_o after_o his_o come_n to_o the_o bishopric_n he_o be_v constrain_v by_o a_o strange_a disease_n reign_v in_o those_o part_n to_o fly_v into_o france_n whence_o after_o a_o season_n he_o return_v again_o bring_v home_n with_o he_o in_o three_o ship_n his_o countryman_n that_o have_v flee_v with_o he_o upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n he_o be_v afterward_o slay_v in_o the_o church_n of_o lân-delia-hechan_a by_o a_o certain_a noble_a man_n call_v guraeddan_n his_o cathedral_n church_n where_o it_o seem_v he_o be_v bury_v have_v ever_o since_o bear_v his_o name_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o man_n and_o his_o successor_n many_o king_n of_o england_n and_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v give_v much_o land_n and_o grant_v many_o notable_a privilege_n among_o which_o these_o be_v account_v the_o chief_a benefactor_n king_n iddon_n the_o same_o of_o juyr_n grevent_v church_n benefactor_n to_o landaff_n church_n give_v lanerth_n with_o all_o the_o land_n there_o that_o belong_v heretofore_o to_o st._n dubritius_fw-la he_o give_v also_o lhanteilian_n porth_n halawg_fw-mi with_o the_o territory_n unto_o the_o same_o belong_v maredud_n the_o son_n of_o reni_fw-la k._n of_o west-wales_n give_v 3_o church_n aireol_n lawhir_o the_o son_n of_o fryfan_n k._n of_o west-wales_n give_v divers_a land_n cadwgaw_v a_o king_n be_v also_o a_o great_a benefactor_n as_o be_v all_o these_o that_o follow_v maurice_n king_n of_o morganwy_n tendric_n or_o theoderick_n a_o king_n morgant_n king_n of_o morganwy_n augustus_n king_n of_o brecheiniawc_n iddug_v the_o son_n of_o nudd_n a_o king_n morgant_n king_n of_o glewissig_n ithael_n a_o king_n gurwodius_n king_n of_o ergnig_n cuiuni_fw-la gurgant_n clodri_n noble_a man_n of_o wales_n call_v in_o evidence_n by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n lluddgwallawn_n clydiawc_n nagwy_fw-fr hywell_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rys_n king_n of_o glewissig_n arthmael_n king_n of_o gwent_n rhodri_n rhiderck_n king_n of_o morganwc_n jestin_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n caradock_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n king_n of_o all_o wales_n 3_o oudoceus_n or_o odoceus_fw-la succeed_v st._n telian_a he_o be_v also_o very_o noble_o bear_v and_o after_o his_o death_n repute_v a_o saint_n as_o be_v also_o his_o predecessor_n he_o die_v july_n the_o 2d._o the_o year_n i_o find_v not_o 4_o vbelwinus_fw-la alius_fw-la vbelwin_n 5_o aidenus_n 6_o elgistill_v 7_o lunapeius_fw-la 8_o gomergwinus_fw-la alius_fw-la gomergius_fw-la 9_o argwistil_v 10_o gervanus_n or_o gurven_n 11_o gwydlonius_fw-la alius_fw-la gwod_n loiw_v 12_o edilbinus_fw-la alius_fw-la edilbin_n 13_o grecielus_n 14_o berthywynus_n 15_o tricanus_fw-la l_o trican_n 16_o eluogus_fw-la 17_o cadgwaret_n 18_o cerenhir_n 19_o nobis_fw-la 20_o pater_fw-la 21_o gulfredus_n alius_fw-la gulfrit_n 22_o nuth_n alias_o nudd_n 23_o cymeiliawc_n alius_fw-la cymbelinus_fw-la he_o die_v 917_o 24_o libianth_n or_o libianch_n he_o die_v 929._o 25_o gogwenus_n be_v consecrate_v by_o st._n dunstan_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 982._o so_o it_o seem_v this_o see_n be_v long_o void_a 26_o marchluid_n l_o marchlwyth_n 27_o bledry_n or_o bletheri_n choose_v by_o the_o king_n clergy_n and_o people_n of_o the_o country_n be_v consecrate_a by_o alaricius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 993._o he_o die_v 1022._o 28_o joseph_n be_v consecrate_v by_o alnothus_fw-la archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n octob._n 1._o 1022._o he_o die_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n 1046._o 29_o herewald_n be_v consecrate_v at_o london_n by_o stigand_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o whitsun_n week_n 1056._o he_o die_v march_v 6_o 1103._o be_v 100_o year_n of_o age_n and_o have_v continue_v in_o his_o bishopriek_n 48_o year_n 30_o vrbanus_n archdeacon_n of_o landaff_n be_v consecrate_v together_o with_o divers_a bishop_n august_n the_o 10_o 1108._o be_v then_o but_o 32_o year_n of_o age_n at_o the_o first_o come_v he_o find_v his_o bishopric_n in_o a_o very_a poor_a and_o miserable_a estate_n the_o church_n ruinate_v almost_o even_o to_o the_o very_a ground_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a war_n under_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o revenue_n of_o themselves_o small_a and_o yet_o so_o ill_o husband_v by_o the_o negligence_n of_o his_o predecessor_n as_o they_o can_v now_o scarce_o maintain_v two_o canon_n beside_o the_o bishop_n whereas_o there_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v 24_o complain_v hereof_o to_o the_o pope_n calixtus_n the_o second_o at_o what_o time_n he_o be_v at_o the_o council_n at_o rheims_n viz._n the_o year_n 1119._o he_o afford_v he_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o king_n as_o also_o to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o clergy_n and_o gentleman_n of_o his_o own_o diocese_n earnest_o pray_v they_o to_o yield_v he_o their_o best_a assistance_n for_o the_o reformation_n of_o his_o church_n so_o disorder_v the_o archbishop_n the_o rather_o to_o draw_v on_o the_o liberality_n of_o man_n in_o contribute_v towards_o the_o new_a build_n of_o the_o church_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o release_v the_o four_o part_n of_o penance_n inflict_v upon_o such_o as_o shall_v bestow_v any_o thing_n towards_o the_o same_o by_o this_o mean_n have_v mass_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n 1120._o the_o now_o church_n of_o landaff_n build_v 1120._o begin_v the_o build_n of_o that_o church_n which_o now_o stand_v april_n the_o 14_o 1120._o and_o have_v finish_v it_o build_v anew_o also_o all_o house_n belong_v to_o it_o then_o next_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v the_o land_n lose_v or_o alienate_v from_o his_o see_n he_o challenge_v divers_a parcel_n which_o be_v hold_v by_o barnard_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o richard_n
matthaeus_n 1358_o 17_o thomas_n de_fw-fr ringsted_n 1367_o 18_o gervasius_n de_fw-fr castro_n 1370_o 19_o howel_n ii_o 1374_o 20_o john_n gilbert_n translate_v to_o saint_n david_n 1376_o 21_o john_n clovensis_n  _fw-fr 22_o john_n swaffan_n 1400_o 23_o richard_n young_a translate_v to_o rochester_n  _fw-fr 24_o lodovicus_n the_o ii_o 1408_o 25_o benedict_n nicols_n translate_v to_o st._n david_n 1418_o 26_o william_n barrow_n translate_v to_o carlisle_n  _fw-fr 27_o nicolaus_n 1436_o 28_o thomas_n cheriton_n 1448_o 29_o john_n stanbery_n translate_v to_o hereford_n  _fw-fr 30_o jacobus_n 1464_o 31_o thomas_n edwane_n 1196_o 32_o henry_n dean_n translate_v to_o salisbury_n 1500_o 33_o thomas_n picot_n 1504_o 34_o john_n penvy_a translate_v to_o carlisle_n 1505_o 35_o thomas_n skenington_n 1534_o 36_o john_n capon_n translate_v to_o salisbury_n 1539_o 37_o john_n bird_n translate_v to_o chester_n 1541_o 38_o arthur_n bulkeley_n or_o bulkeby_n the_o bellseller_n 1555_o 39_o william_n glynn_n 1559_o 40_o rowland_n meyric_n 1566_o 41_o nicholas_n robinson_n 1585._o 42_o hugh_n bellot_n translate_v to_o chester_n 1595_o 43_o rich._n vaughan_n translate_v to_o chester_n 1596_o 44_o henry_n rowland_n 1616_o 45_o lewes_n bayley_n 1632_o 46._o david_n dolvin_n 1633_o 47_o edward_n gruffith_n 1637_o 48_o william_n robert_n sub-almoner_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n 1641._o about_o the_o year_n 1162._o howel_n the_o son_n of_o jenaf_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadogan_n ap_fw-mi athelstan_n glodrydh_fw-mi get_v the_o castle_n of_o walwern_n in_o cyvelioc_n and_o raze_v it_o which_o thing_n when_o it_o be_v tell_v owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n it_o displease_v he_o wonderful_o at_o the_o which_o he_o be_v so_o grieve_v that_o nothing_o can_v make_v he_o merry_a until_o such_o time_n as_o he_o have_v gather_v his_o power_n and_o come_v to_o lhanthinan_n in_o arust_o and_o thence_o send_v away_o great_a spoil_n which_o cause_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n to_o come_v unto_o their_o lord_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jenaf_fw-mi who_o follow_v the_o spoil_n to_o the_o severn_n side_n where_o the_o prince_n camp_n be_v the_o prince_n apprehend_v now_o a_o occasion_n of_o revenge_n offer_v he_o be_v right_o glad_a and_o set_v upon_o his_o enemy_n and_o slay_v the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o the_o rest_n with_o their_o lord_n escape_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o rock_n the_o prince_n be_v well_o please_v with_o this_o revenge_n build_v up_o his_o castle_n again_o and_o fortify_v it_o strong_o hova_n castelh_n catrec_n hova_n the_o year_n follow_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n name_v owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o owen_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o carrechona_n by_o oswestrie_n and_o waste_v it_o year_n 1163_o about_o the_o year_n 1163._o king_n henry_n the_o second_o gather_v a_o strong_a army_n against_o southwales_n and_o come_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o pencadyr_n beside_o brecknock_n where_o rees_n come_v to_o he_o and_o do_v homage_n and_o give_v he_o pledge_n which_o do_v the_o king_n go_v out_o of_o wales_n about_o this_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n nephew_n to_o prince_n rees_n be_v murder_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o a_o man_n of_o his_o own_o name_v lhywarch_n also_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o like_a manner_n by_o one_o walter_z ap_fw-mi ricard_n the_o lord_n rees_n as_o he_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a or_o king_n rees_n as_o latin_a author_n call_v he_o take_v the_o cantreff_a maur_n which_o be_v a_o great_a country_n and_o the_o land_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o enjoy_v it_o and_o this_o year_n die_v cadivor_n ap_fw-mi daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o henry_n ap_fw-mi arthen_a who_o be_v the_o worthy_a clerk_n that_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n many_o year_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o lord_n rees_n see_v he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v his_o estate_n with_o such_o land_n as_o the_o king_n have_v appoint_v he_o enter_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n for_o by_o that_o earl_n mean_v his_o nephew_n be_v murder_v and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o aberheidol_n and_o of_o the_o son_n of_o wywyaon_n and_o raise_v they_o and_o thus_o in_o short_a time_n he_o bring_v all_o caerdigan_n under_o his_o subjection_n from_o thence_o he_o make_v many_o inroad_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o bring_v away_o great_a spoil_n this_o happy_a fortune_n cause_v all_o wales_n to_o conspire_v the_o shake_n off_o of_o the_o norman_a yoke_n who_o treason_n and_o cruelty_n they_o can_v not_o abide_v and_o to_o elect_v prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n in_o the_o year_n 1165._o david_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v destroy_v all_o flintshire_n which_o be_v the_o king_n welsh_a k._n henry_n three_o voyage_n in_o vain_a against_o the_o welsh_a and_o carry_v all_o the_o people_n and_o cattle_n with_o he_o to_o the_o dyffryn_n cloyd_n now_o call_v ruthin_n land_n which_o when_o the_o king_n have_v notice_n of_o he_o levy_v a_o army_n in_o haste_n and_o come_v to_o relieve_v his_o castle_n and_o people_n as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n and_o after_o he_o have_v rest_v there_o three_o day_n and_o can_v do_v no_o good_a he_o return_v into_o england_n where_o he_o gather_v another_o army_n of_o select_a soldier_n and_o choose_v through_o all_o his_o dominion_n send_v for_o auxiliary_n from_o flanders_n and_o britain_n and_o then_o return_v to_o north-wales_n with_o resolution_n to_o destroy_v all_o that_o have_v life_n in_o the_o land_n and_o come_v to_o crow_n oswalt_n call_v oswaldstree_n encamp_v there_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n prince_z owen_z and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o north-wales_n and_o the_o lord_n rees_n withal_o the_o force_n of_o southwales_n and_o owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o powis_n and_o the_o two_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi edwerth_n with_o all_o the_o people_n betwixt_o wye_n and_o severne_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o come_v to_o cawen_n in_o edierneon_n with_o purpose_n to_o defend_v their_o country_n but_o the_o king_n understanding_n that_o they_o be_v so_o nigh_o be_v wondrous_a desirous_a of_o battle_n come_v to_o the_o river_n ceireoc_n and_o cause_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v fell_v whereupon_o a_o number_n of_o the_o welsh_a understanding_n the_o passage_n unknown_a to_o their_o captain_n meet_v with_o the_o king_n ward_n where_o be_v place_v the_o choice_n man_n of_o all_o the_o army_n where_o begin_v a_o hot_a skirmish_n and_o divers_a worthy_a man_n be_v slay_v on_o each_o side_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n obtain_v the_o passage_n and_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v in_o camp_n certain_a day_n and_o so_o both_o the_o army_n stand_v in_o awe_n each_o of_o other_o the_o king_n keep_v the_o plain_n as_o be_v doubtful_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o strait_n but_o the_o welsh_a watch_v for_o the_o opportunity_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o keep_v the_o king_n so_o straight_o that_o neither_o forage_n nor_o victual_n may_v come_v to_o his_o camp_n english_a the_o welsh_a unite_v invincible_a against_o the_o english_a neither_o dare_v any_o soldier_n stir_v abroad_o and_o to_o augment_v these_o misery_n there_o fall_v such_o store_n of_o rain_n that_o the_o king_n man_n can_v scarce_o stand_v upon_o their_o foot_n upon_o those_o slippery_a place_n in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v home_o without_o his_o purpose_n and_o that_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o ammunition_n beside_o his_o charge_n therefore_o in_o a_o great_a choler_n he_o charge_v the_o pledge_n eye_n 2._o a_o cruel_a act_n of_o k._n henry_n 2._o who_o he_o receive_v long_o before_o that_o to_o be_v put_v out_o which_o be_v rees_n and_o cadwalhon_n son_n to_o owen_n and_o cynwric_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o rees_n hove_n roger_n hove_n and_o other_o i_o find_v also_o say_v mr._n powel_n write_v by_o divers_a that_o in_o the_o assail_a of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n for_o one_o of_o the_o welshman_n shoot_v direct_o at_o he_o have_v pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n if_o hubert_n de_fw-fr st._n clare_n constable_n of_o colchester_n perceive_v the_o arrow_n come_v have_v not_o thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o it_o 408._o hol._n page_n 408._o whereby_o he_o save_v his_o master_n and_o lose_v his_o own_o life_n then_o after_o long_a consultation_n the_o king_n come_v again_o to_o north_n wales_n intend_v to_o have_v his_o army_n convey_v by_o sea_n and_o to_o land_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o country_n and_o with_o his_o design_n he_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o there_o repose_v a_o certain_a time_n till_o all_o his_o navy_n be_v gather_v together_o as_o
take_v from_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n arust_o ceri_fw-la cyvelioc_fw-la wowthwy_fw-fr mochant_n and_o caerneon_n and_o let_v he_o only_o enjoy_v the_o cantref_o of_o lhynn_n this_o gruffith_n be_v the_o elder_a brother_n and_o a_o lusty_a gentleman_n but_o base_a bear_v this_o david_n son_n to_o lhewelyn_n do_v contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n take_v his_o brother_n gruffith_n be_v in_o in_o safe_a conduct_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n upon_o who_o promise_n he_o be_v content_a to_o speak_v with_o his_o brother_n and_o imprison_v he_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o crickieth_n the_o year_n 1240_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n the_o most_o valiant_a and_o noble_a prince_n who_o bring_v all_o wales_n to_o his_o subjection_n and_o have_v so_o often_o put_v his_o enemy_n to_o flight_n and_o defend_v his_o country_n enlarge_a the_o meers_n thereof_o further_o than_o they_o have_v be_v many_o year_n before_o pass_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a life_n and_o be_v honourable_o bury_v at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v wales_n well_o and_o worthy_o 56_o year_n this_o prince_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o son_n call_v david_n beget_v upon_o his_o wife_n joan_n daughter_n of_o king_n john_n by_o who_o also_o he_o have_v a_o daughter_n call_v gladys_n marry_v to_o sr._n ralph_n mortimer_n 307._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 307._o mr._n powell_n call_v his_o other_o son_n gruffith_n base_a but_o mr._n mill_n say_v he_o be_v lawful_o beget_v and_o that_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n marry_v tanglosta_n daughter_n of_o lhoirth_n ap_fw-mi brooi_fw-fr of_o anglessa_fw-mi to_o his_o first_o wife_n by_o who_o he_o have_v this_o gruffith_n s._n john_n dodridge_n knight_n late_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n say_v that_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n ever_o be_v hold_v in_o chief_a and_o in_o fee_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n thereof_o be_v then_o of_o their_o own_o nation_n compellable_n upon_o summons_n to_o come_v and_o appear_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n and_o upon_o their_o rebellion_n and_o disorder_n the_o king_n of_o england_n devise_v their_o scutagium_fw-la or_o escuage_z blow_n les_fw-fr ancient_a tenor_n fol._n 116._o com._n blow_n as_o it_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o be_v to_o levy_v aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o their_o tenant_n in_o england_n which_o hold_v of_o they_o per_fw-mi ser_fw-mi vitium_fw-la militare_fw-la to_o suppress_v the_o disorder_a welsh_n tanquam_fw-la rebel_n &_o non_fw-la host_n as_o rebel_n and_o not_o as_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o upon_o those_o often_o revolt_v of_o the_o welsh_a endeavour_v to_o resume_v the_o territory_n of_o wales_n as_o forfeit_v unto_o himself_o 3._o edw._n 1._o take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o p._n of_o wales_n record_n turris_n lond._n 29._o hen._n 3._o &_o confer_v the_o same_o upon_o edw._n longeshanks_n his_o heir_n apparent_a yet_o nevertheless_o rather_o in_o title_n than_o possession_n or_o upon_o any_o profit_n obtain_v thereby_o for_o the_o former_a prince_n of_o wales_n continue_v his_o government_n notwithstanding_o this_o between_o who_o and_o the_o say_v edward_n war_n be_v continue_v whereof_o when_o the_o say_v edward_n complain_v the_o say_a king_n make_v this_o answer_n as_o record_v matthew_n paris_n a_o cosmographer_n live_v in_o that_o time_n quid_fw-la ad_fw-la i_o terra_fw-la tua_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la dono_fw-la meo_fw-la 1257._o matth._n paris_n anno_fw-la 1257._o exere_fw-la vires_fw-la primitivas_fw-la famam_fw-la excita_fw-la juvenilem_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la timeant_fw-la inimici_fw-la but_o the_o charter_n of_o this_o gift_n be_v not_o now_o ready_o to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o record_n for_o after_o this_o time_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n that_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o othalon_n deacon_n cardinal_n of_o st._n andrews_n prima_fw-la patent_n 51._o hen._n 3._o pars_fw-la prima_fw-la a_o peace_n be_v then_o conclude_v between_o the_o then_o prince_n of_o that_o welsh_a blood_n and_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o which_o nevertheless_o as_o it_o seem_v continue_v not_o long_o for_o sundry_a battle_n be_v a_o fight_v between_o they_o viz._n edw._n of_o england_n and_o lhewelyn_n last_o prince_n of_o wales_n david_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n david_n to_o who_o all_o the_o baron_n in_o wales_n have_v make_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n take_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n after_o his_o father_n who_o within_o a_o month_n after_o come_v to_o the_o king_n to_o gloucester_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n for_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n and_o also_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n do_v to_o the_o king_n homage_n for_o their_o land_n but_o forthwith_o the_o englishman_n begin_v to_o trouble_v the_o welsh_a after_o their_o accustom_a use_n for_o gilbert_n martial_n come_v with_o a_o army_n and_o fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o aberteini_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o king_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o many_o noble_a man_n yield_v to_o he_o because_o they_o hate_v david_n betrayer_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o accurse_a by_o the_o pope_n or_o as_o paris_n say_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n thus_o he_o write_v when_o richard_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n see_v that_o david_n deal_v so_o hardly_o with_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n contrary_a to_o his_o faithful_a promise_n make_v unto_o the_o say_a bishop_n he_o excommunicate_v he_o and_o then_o withdraw_v himself_o out_o of_o wales_n make_v a_o grievous_a complaint_n to_o the_o king_n against_o david_n most_o instant_o request_v the_o king_n to_o deliver_v gruffith_n out_o of_o prison_n lest_o the_o rumour_n of_o that_o fact_n be_v notify_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o other_o country_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n shall_v be_v some_o stain_n of_o the_o king_n honour_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o withstand_v such_o outrageous_a and_o unlawful_a deal_n the_o king_n therefore_o great_o blame_v david_n his_o nephew_n for_o abuse_v his_o brother_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o do_v request_v he_o with_o most_o pithy_a persuasion_n to_o set_v his_o brother_n at_o liberty_n as_o well_o for_o the_o preserve_n of_o his_o own_o credit_n and_o fame_n as_o also_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o excommunication_n and_o other_o eminent_a danger_n which_o may_v ensue_v of_o that_o matter_n to_o the_o which_o request_n of_o the_o king_n david_n answer_v plain_o that_o he_o will_v not_o deliver_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o prison_n affirm_v constant_o that_o if_o his_o brother_n be_v enlarge_v the_o country_n of_o wales_n will_v be_v in_o great_a disquietness_n whereof_o when_o gruffith_n be_v certify_v he_o send_v private_o to_o the_o king_n promise_v that_o if_o he_o will_v forcible_o deliver_v he_o out_o of_o his_o brother_n prison_n he_o will_v hold_v his_o land_n of_o he_o and_o pay_v he_o 200_o mark_n yearly_a offer_v not_o only_o to_o be_v swear_v upon_o this_o and_o deliver_v pledge_n for_o performance_n thereof_o but_o also_o to_o aid_v the_o king_n to_o bring_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o welshman_n under_o his_o subjection_n further_o gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n do_v assure_v the_o king_n of_o aid_n if_o he_o will_v come_v to_o wales_n with_o a_o army_n to_o chastise_v david_n for_o his_o falsehood_n and_o injury_n use_v towards_o his_o brother_n moreover_o the_o bishop_n of_o banger_n procure_v the_o land_n of_o david_n to_o be_v interdict_v hen._n 3._o be_v allure_v by_o these_o promise_n on_o gruffiths_n behalf_n levy_v a_o puissant_a army_n to_o go_v into_o wales_n straight_o command_v by_o his_o writ_n all_o such_o as_o ought_v he_o service_n in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o give_v attendance_n upon_o he_o ready_a with_o sword_n and_o armour_n at_o gloucester_n the_o first_o day_n of_o august_n follow_v to_o set_v forward_o against_o his_o enemy_n whether_o the_o king_n come_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v and_o from_o thence_o go_v to_o salop_n and_o remain_v there_o 15_o day_n during_o the_o king_n abode_n at_o salop_n divers_a noble_a man_n be_v great_a suitor_n unto_o he_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o gruffith_n as_o ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n of_o wigmore_n walter_n clifford_n roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n maelgon_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n howell_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n and_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powis_n these_o wrought_v so_o with_o the_o king_n that_o there_o be_v a_o league_n conclude_v between_o he_o and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o her_o husband_n lie_v then_o in_o his_o brother_n prison_n according_a to_o the_o article_n comprise_v in_o this_o charter_n follow_v
there_o arise_v a_o great_a debate_n between_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n for_o owen_n can_v not_o be_v content_a with_o half_a the_o principality_n but_o get_v his_o young_a brother_n david_n unto_o he_o catch_n all_o cover_n all_o lose_a or_o harm_v watch_v harm_n catch_n and_o they_o two_o levy_v a_o army_n to_o disinherit_v lhewelin_n who_o with_o his_o man_n meet_v with_o they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n give_v they_o a_o overthrow_n where_o he_o take_v they_o both_o prisoner_n and_o then_o seize_v all_o their_o land_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n enjoy_v alone_o the_o whole_a principality_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v all_o the_o lord_n come_v to_o prince_n lhewelin_n and_o make_v their_o complaint_n to_o he_o with_o weep_a eye_n how_o cruel_o they_o be_v handle_v by_o prince_n edward_n and_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n their_o land_n be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o force_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o do_v offend_v they_o be_v punish_v with_o extremity_n but_o where_o they_o be_v wrong_v they_o find_v no_o remedy_n therefore_o they_o protest_v before_o god_n and_o he_o welsh_a a_o gallant_a re-sold_a on_o of_o the_o welsh_a that_o they_o will_v rather_o die_v in_o the_o field_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o right_n then_o to_o be_v make_v slave_n by_o stranger_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n pity_v both_o his_o own_o estate_n and_o they_o determine_v together_o utter_o with_o they_o to_o refuse_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o englishman_n rather_o to_o die_v in_o liberty_n then_o to_o live_v in_o thraldom_n shame_n and_o opprobry_n and_o gather_v all_o his_o power_n first_o recover_v again_o all_o the_o inland_a country_n of_o north-wales_n and_o afterward_o all_o merionith_n and_o such_o land_n as_o edward_n have_v usurp_v in_o caerdigan_n which_o he_o give_v to_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n prince_n a_o heroic_a prince_n and_o buelht_v he_o give_v to_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n chase_v away_o rees_n vachan_n out_o or_o the_o same_o and_o so_o honourable_o divide_v all_o that_o he_o win_v among_o his_o baron_n that_o he_o keep_v nothing_o to_o himself_o but_o a_o perpetual_a fame_n of_o his_o liberality_n then_o also_o he_o recover_v gwerthryneon_n from_o sr._n roger_n mortimer_n the_o summer_n follow_v prince_n lhewelin_n make_v war_n against_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi gwenwinwin_n who_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o win_v all_o powis_n from_o he_o save_v the_o castle_n of_o pole_n and_o a_o little_a of_o caerneon_n and_o land_v by_o severne_n side_n rees_n vachan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n mechylh_n meaning_n to_o recover_v his_o land_n again_o battle_n a_o bloody_a battle_n obtain_v of_o the_o king_n a_o great_a army_n whereof_o one_o stephen_n bacon_n be_v captain_n and_o come_v to_o caermarthin_n by_o sea_n and_o march_v from_o thence_o towards_o dynevowr_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n overthrow_v the_o english_a overthrow_v but_o the_o princess_n power_n come_v with_o his_o cousin_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n where_o there_o be_v fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n as_o ever_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n of_o so_o many_o man_n and_o in_o the_o end_n the_o englishman_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o lose_v of_o their_o man_n above_o 2000_o soldier_n from_o thence_o the_o prince_n army_n go_v to_o dynet_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o country_n and_o destroy_v the_o the_o castle_n of_o abercorran_n lhanstephan_n maenclochoc_n victorious_a the_o welsh_a victorious_a and_o aberth_n and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o much_o spoil_n and_o forthwith_o not_o be_v able_a to_o abide_v the_o wrong_n which_o greffry_n lanley_n lieutenant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n do_v to_o they_o man_n m._n par._n p_o 1251_o tho._n walsh_n hypodigma_fw-la p._n 61._o brave-spirited_n man_n the_o prince_n enter_v the_o earl_n land_n and_o destroy_v all_o to_o the_o gate_n of_o chester_n on_o either_o side_n the_o water_n whereupon_o edward_n the_o earl_n flee_v to_o his_o uncle_n who_o be_v then_o choose_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o succour_v and_o return_v back_o with_o a_o army_n dare_v not_o fight_v with_o the_o prince_n who_o have_v 10000_o arm_a man_n every_o one_o swear_v to_o die_v in_o the_o field_n if_o need_v requre_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n 1253_o a_o judas_n among_o his_o countryman_n m._n par._n p._n 1253_o yet_o griffith_z ap_fw-mi madoc_n maelor_n common_o surname_v lord_n of_o dynas_n bran_n which_o be_v a_o castle_n stand_v upon_o a_o very_a high_a mountain_n of_o situation_n impregnable_a in_o the_o lordship_n of_o chirk_n forsake_v the_o prince_n and_o serve_v the_o earl_n with_o all_o his_o power_n which_o earl_n be_v count_v a_o cruel_a and_o unjust_a man_n have_v no_o regard_n to_o right_a promise_n or_o oath_n 277._o mat._n west_n p._n 277._o the_o next_o year_n prince_n lhewelyn_n seize_v into_o his_o hand_n cymey_n and_o make_v peace_n between_o rees_n gâ—yc_a and_o rees_n vachan_n his_o brother_n son_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o trefdraeth_n or_o newport_n with_o all_o ros_n chief_a a_o â—ust_z punishment_n for_o a_o traitor_n o_o his_o country_n oâ—_n three_o not_o catch_v with_o chief_a save_v hanerford_n then_o destroy_v the_o country_n in_o his_o way_n towards_o glamorgan_n he_o raise_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangymwch_n and_o return_v to_o north-wales_n meet_v with_o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n by_o the_o way_n who_o he_o cause_v to_o retire_v back_o and_o then_o destroy_v the_o land_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n therefore_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o almain_n write_v to_o he_o gentle_o to_o depart_v home_o which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v but_o devide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battle_n in_o every_o of_o which_o as_o matthew_n paris_n say_v there_o be_v 1500._o 1279._o mat._n par._n fol._n 12â—8_n the_o welsh_a beat_v the_o irish_a at_o sea_n mat._n par._n fol._n 1271._o a_o prudent_a and_o politic_a prince_n king_n hen._n unfortunate_a in_o his_o undertake_n against_o wales_n mat._n paris_n fol._n 12â—5_n english_a almain_n gascoâ—nes_n and_o irish_a against_o wales_n mat._n paris_n fol._n 1274_o &_o 1279._o footman_n and_o 500_o horseman_n well_o appoint_v whereupon_o edward_n send_v to_o the_o irishman_n to_o come_v to_o he_o to_o his_o succour_n whereof_o the_o prince_n be_v certify_v make_v ready_a his_o bishop_n and_o send_v they_o to_o sea_n with_o sufficient_a power_n to_o resist_v the_o come_n of_o his_o enemy_n that_o way_n prevent_v he_o so_o that_o the_o irish_a be_v overcome_v and_o send_v home_o with_o great_a loss_n wherefore_o the_o king_n with_o his_o son_n be_v in_o a_o great_a rage_n gather_v all_o the_o strength_n of_o england_n from_o st._n michael_n mount_n to_o twede_n and_o come_v to_o north-wales_n as_o far_o as_o tegenwy_n but_o the_o prince_n cause_v all_o the_o victual_n to_o be_v remove_v over_o the_o river_n conwey_n and_o keep_v all_o the_o strait_n and_o passage_n so_o narrow_o that_o the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o tetire_v to_o england_n with_o great_a loss_n then_o prince_n lhewelyn_n call_v unto_o he_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n come_v to_o the_o march_n where_o gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n yield_v himself_o unto_o he_o because_o the_o king_n can_v not_o defend_v his_o land_n and_o seize_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n all_o the_o land_n in_o powis_n he_o banish_v the_o lord_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n where_o also_o he_o give_v the_o english_a man_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o such_o as_o the_o king_n love_v well_o which_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o call_v his_o strength_n unto_o he_o and_o send_v to_o gascoigne_n and_o ireland_n for_o succour_n and_o then_o come_v into_o wales_n in_o harvest_n time_n destroy_v all_o the_o corn_n that_o be_v in_o his_o way_n yet_o he_o go_v not_o far_o beyond_o chester_n but_o return_v back_o without_o do_v any_o notable_a act_n for_o god_n as_o matthew_n paris_n say_v defend_v the_o poor_a people_n that_o put_v their_o whole_a confidence_n in_o he_o the_o lord_n james_n aud_o who_o daughter_n gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n have_v marry_v bring_v a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n from_o almain_n to_o serve_v against_o the_o welshman_n welsh_a god_n the_o protector_n of_o the_o welsh_a who_o with_o their_o great_a horse_n and_o unaccustomed_a kind_n of_o fight_n overthrow_v the_o welshman_n at_o the_o encounter_n wherefore_o the_o welshman_n mind_v short_o after_o to_o revenge_v the_o displeasure_n make_v road_n into_o the_o say_a lord_n audleye_n land_n where_o the_o almain_n set_v upon_o they_o pursue_v hard_o such_o as_o flee_v to_o the_o strait_n who_o use_v that_o flight_n for_o a_o policy_n return_v again_o so_o sudden_o and_o so_o fi_fw-la rce_o upon_o the_o almain_n that_o they_o
themselves_o together_o they_o so_o move_v david_n the_o lord_n of_o denbigh_n to_o be_v at_o unity_n with_o prince_n lhewelin_n and_o to_o take_v pity_n upon_o their_o affliction_n and_o misery_n that_o he_o be_v agree_v with_o his_o brother_n become_v their_o captain_n year_n 1281_o this_o reconciliation_n consist_v chief_o in_o this_o that_o david_n shall_v never_o after_o serve_v the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o but_o become_v his_o utter_a enemy_n who_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o hawarden_n and_o take_v roger_n clifford_n a_o noble_a knight_n slay_v all_o that_o resist_v servitude_n the_o welsh_a impatient_a of_o servitude_n and_o after_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n he_o with_o his_o brother_n the_o prince_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n the_o king_n hear_v of_o this_o haste_v thither_o with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n retreat_v with_o his_o army_n 77._o seek_v to_o recover_v their_o liberty_n aberystwyth_n castle_n build_v by_o the_o king_n take_v godwin_n in_o canterbury_n fol._n 77._o also_o the_o same_o time_n rees_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n and_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n which_o other_o noble_a man_n of_o southwales_n tooâ—_n the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n and_o divers_a other_o castle_n in_o the_o country_n spoil_v and_o plunder_v all_o the_o king_n people_n that_o inhabit_v thereabouts_o therefore_o the_o king_n send_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o confer_v with_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o brethren_n but_o he_o return_v without_o do_v any_o good_a so_o that_o he_o denounce_v a_o excommunication_n this_o archbishop_n name_n be_v jehn_n beckham_n who_o as_o b._n godwin_n say_v take_v great_a pain_n in_o labour_v a_o peace_n between_o k._n edw._n l._n and_o prince_n lhewelin_n of_o wales_n unto_o who_o he_o go_v in_o person_n and_o travail_v long_o with_o he_o but_o all_o in_o vain_a article_n send_v from_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o be_v intimate_v to_o lhewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o same_o country_n 1_o because_o we_o come_v to_o those_o part_n for_o the_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a health_n of_o they_o who_o we_o have_v ever_o love_v well_o as_o divers_a of_o they_o have_v know_v 2._o that_o we_o come_v contrary_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n our_o king_n who_o our_o say_v come_v as_o be_v say_v do_v much_o offend_v 3_o that_o we_o desire_v &_o beseech_v they_o for_o the_o blood_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n that_o they_o will_v come_v to_o a_o unity_n with_o the_o english_a people_n and_o to_o the_o peace_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n which_o we_o intend_v to_o procure_v they_o as_o well_o as_o we_o can_v 4._o we_o will_v they_o to_o understand_v that_o we_o can_v long_o tarry_v in_o those_o quarter_n 5._o we_o will_v that_o they_o consider_v that_o after_o our_o part_n out_o of_o the_o country_n they_o shall_v not_o perhaps_o find_v any_o that_o will_v so_o tender_a the_o prefer_n of_o their_o cause_n as_o we_o will_v do_v if_o it_o please_v god_n with_o our_o mortal_a life_n we_o may_v procure_v they_o a_o honest_a stable_a and_o firm_a peace_n 6._o that_o if_o they_o do_v contemn_v our_o petition_n and_o labour_n we_o do_v intend_v forthwith_o to_o signify_v their_o stubbournesse_n to_o the_o high_a bishop_n and_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o enormity_n that_o many_o way_n happen_v by_o occasion_n of_o this_o discord_n this_o day_n 7._o let_v they_o know_v that_o unless_o they_o do_v quick_o agree_v to_o a_o peace_n that_o war_n shall_v be_v aggravate_v against_o they_o which_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v for_o the_o king_n power_n increase_v daily_o 8._o let_v they_o understand_v that_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o special_a protection_n of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a and_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n love_v it_o better_o than_o any_o other_o kingdom_n 9_o that_o the_o say_v see_v of_o rome_n will_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a see_v the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n quail_v be_v under_o a_o special_a protection_n 10._o that_o we_o much_o lament_v to_o hear_v that_o the_o welshman_n be_v more_o cruel_a than_o saracen_n for_o the_o saracen_n when_o they_o take_v christian_n they_o keep_v they_o to_o be_v redeem_v for_o money_n but_o they_o say_v that_o the_o welshman_n by_o and_o by_o do_v kill_v all_o they_o take_v and_o be_v only_o delight_v with_o blood_n and_o some_o time_n cause_n to_o be_v kill_v they_o who_o ransom_n they_o have_v receive_v 11._o that_o whereas_o they_o be_v ever_o wont_a to_o be_v esteem_v and_o to_o reverence_n god_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n they_o seem_v much_o to_o revolt_v from_o that_o devotion_n move_v sedition_n and_o war_n and_o commit_v slaughter_n and_o burn_v in_o the_o holy_a time_n which_o be_v a_o great_a injury_n to_o god_n wherein_o no_o man_n can_v excuse_v they_o 12._o we_o desire_v that_o as_o true_a christian_n they_o will_v repent_v for_o they_o can_v long_o continue_v their_o begin_a discord_n if_o they_o have_v swear_v it_o 13._o we_o will_v that_o they_o signify_v unto_o we_o how_o they_o will_v or_o can_v amend_v the_o trouble_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o the_o hurt_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n 14._o that_o they_o signify_v unto_o we_o how_o peace_n and_o concord_n may_v be_v establish_v for_o in_o vain_a be_v it_o to_o form_n peace_n to_o be_v daily_o violate_v 15._o if_o they_o say_v that_o their_o law_n or_o covenant_n be_v not_o observe_v that_o they_o do_v signify_v unto_o we_o what_o those_o be_v 16._o that_o grant_v it_o that_o they_o be_v injure_v as_o they_o say_v which_o we_o in_o no_o way_n do_v know_v they_o which_o be_v judge_n in_o the_o cause_n may_v so_o have_v signify_v to_o the_o king_n majesty_n 17._o that_o unless_o they_o will_v now_o come_v to_o peace_n they_o shall_v be_v resist_v by_o decree_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n the_o answer_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o the_o above-written_a article_n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n the_o lord_n john_n by_o god_n grace_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n his_o humble_a and_o devote_v son_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snowdon_n send_v greeting_n with_o all_o reverend_a submission_n and_o honour_n we_o yield_v our_o most_o humble_a and_o hearty_a thanks_o unto_o your_o fatherhood_n for_o the_o great_a and_o grievous_a pain_n which_o at_o this_o present_a for_o the_o love_n of_o we_o and_o our_o nation_n you_o have_v sustain_v and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o we_o be_v behold_v unto_o you_o for_o that_o beside_o the_o king_n pleasure_n you_o will_v venture_v to_o come_v to_o we_o in_o that_o you_o request_v we_o to_o come_v to_o the_o king_n peace_n we_o will_v have_v your_o holiness_n to_o know_v that_o we_o be_v most_o ready_a and_o willing_a to_o the_o same_o so_o that_o our_o 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do_v take_v out_o of_o the_o several_a profit_n of_o those_o year_n and_o do_v cast_v they_o all_o into_o one_o sum_n which_o they_o again_o divide_v into_o three_o several_a part_n equal_o esteem_v one_o of_o the_o say_v three_o part_n to_o be_v the_o just_a yearly_a value_n of_o the_o say_a revenue_n communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la that_o be_v one_o year_n with_o a_o other_o and_o in_o this_o account_n we_o find_v no_o other_o charge_n allow_v then_o the_o justics_n fee_n only_o this_o survey_n and_o account_v make_v about_o 200_o year_n past_a be_v here_o insert_v to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v appear_v what_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o principality_n alone_o be_v the_o say_a prince_n of_o wales_n surname_v the_o black_a prince_n 315._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 315._o after_o many_o fortunate_a victory_n achieve_v by_o he_o have_v subdue_v a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n and_o have_v take_v john_n the_o french_a king_n prisoner_n at_o poyteer_n in_o france_n and_o after_o that_o also_o 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against_o his_o will_n and_o after_o by_o a_o violent_a death_n depart_v this_o life_n without_o issue_n henry_n of_o monmoth_n henry_n of_o bullingbrock_n a_o town_n or_o castle_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o heretofore_o belong_v to_o the_o lacy_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o by_o the_o marriage_n with_o alice_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n to_o thomas_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n this_o with_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o land_n of_o lincoln_n become_v unite_v and_o incorporate_v with_o those_o of_o lancaster_n it_o have_v be_v almost_o ever_o since_o this_o time_n one_o of_o the_o honour_n as_o we_o call_v they_o of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o never_o make_v any_o honorary_a title_n unto_o any_o family_n until_o king_n james_n confer_v it_o on_o sr._n oliver_n saint_n john_n who_o possible_o may_v affect_v to_o be_v thence_o denominate_v as_o fetch_v his_o descent_n from_o the_o lady_n margaret_n beauchamp_n grandmother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n family_n by_o which_o descent_n likewise_o as_o well_o as_o otherways_o he_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o welsh_a blood_n and_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n argent_fw-fr on_o a_o chief_a gules_a two_o mullet_n or_n but_o to_o our_o former_a matter_n this_o henry_n of_o bullingbrock_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n iu._n who_o be_v former_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o hereford_n earl_n of_o derbie_n leicester_n and_o lincoln_n son_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n the_o four_o son_n to_o k._n edward_n the_o three_o by_o his_o charter_n date_v at_o westminster_n 15._o octob._n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n create_v henry_n his_o elder_a son_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o invest_v he_o in_o the_o say_v princely_a ornament_n viz._n the_o chaplet_n gold_n ring_n verge_n or_o rod_n of_o gold_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v unto_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n and_o by_o another_o charter_n of_o the_o same_o date_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n the_o say_a principality_n with_o the_o lordship_n 17._o sr._n john_n dodridge_n fol._n 17._o castle_n and_o land_n before_o mention_v in_o the_o charter_n make_v to_o the_o black_a prince_n together_o with_o four_o comot_n in_o the_o county_n of_o caernarvon_n viz._n the_o comot_n of_o ifaph_n vghaph_n nantconwey_n and_o crewthin_n not_o name_v before_o and_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o haverford_n with_o the_o price_n of_o wine_n there_o and_o of_o the_o lordship_n of_o newin_n and_o pughby_n in_o north-wales_n which_o thomas_n percy_n then_o earl_n of_o worcester_n hold_v for_o term_n of_o life_n of_o the_o demise_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o together_o also_o with_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o county_n and_o lordship_n of_o anglesey_n in_o north-wales_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o beaumarish_n and_o the_o comot_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n belong_v thereunto_o which_o henry_n percy_n son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n then_o hold_v for_o term_n of_o his_o life_n of_o the_o demise_n of_o the_o say_v k._n hen._n iu._n and_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o k._n h._n iu._n whereby_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n be_v sever_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o engl._n the_o stile_n of_o the_o say_v p._n be_v declare_v to_o be_v this_o p._n of_o wales_n d._n of_o aquitane_n of_o lancaster_n &_o of_o cornwall_n &_o e._n of_o chester_n for_o the_o say_v k._n h._n iu._n have_v be_v himself_o d._n of_o lancaster_n before_o his_o assumption_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o know_v that_o the_o name_n of_o duke_n be_v a_o inferior_a dignity_n will_v extinguish_v and_o be_v surround_v in_o the_o crown_n as_o in_o the_o superior_a desire_v as_o by_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n appear_v not_o only_o to_o separate_v the_o say_a duchy_n of_o lancaster_n and_o the_o land_n thereof_o from_o the_o crown_n to_o the_o intent_n he_o may_v still_o hold_v the_o say_a duchy_n as_o his_o ancient_a patrimony_n if_o he_o be_v put_v from_o the_o crown_n it_o be_v but_o his_o new_a acquire_v dignity_n but_o also_o to_o preserve_v the_o say_a stile_n 385._o mr._n lhoyd_n fol._n 385._o title_n and_o name_n of_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n in_o his_o posterity_n which_o as_o the_o say_a act_n affirm_v his_o ancestor_n have_v so_o worthy_o bear_v and_o sustain_v in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n rich._n ii_o there_o be_v one_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n vachan_n descend_v of_o a_o young_a son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n this_o owen_n be_v first_o a_o student_n at_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o become_v a_o utter_a barrister_n or_o a_o apprentice_n of_o the_o law_n as_o they_o term_v it_o and_o serve_v king_n richard_n in_o
they_o be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n or_o whereby_o any_o of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o say_a principality_n be_v give_v or_o confer_v unto_o any_o of_o they_o so_o that_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v prince_n general_o by_o their_o birth_n and_o not_o prince_n of_o wales_n by_o any_o creation_n or_o investure_n for_o in_o a_o record_n of_o a_o account_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v edward_n he_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n of_o england_n and_o not_o by_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o succession_n or_o rank_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n which_o i_o have_v draw_v in_o a_o historical_a though_o in_o a_o plain_a and_o homely_a manner_n thereby_o the_o better_a to_o take_v the_o harshness_n of_o the_o particularity_n of_o record_n intermingle_v therewith_o which_o of_o themselves_o although_o they_o offer_v profitable_a knowledge_n yet_o they_o do_v carry_v with_o they_o small_a delight_n but_o also_o for_o that_o the_o variety_n of_o thing_n in_o those_o succeed_a age_n in_o the_o sundry_a occurrence_n and_o accident_n thereof_o do_v yield_v good_a matter_n of_o observance_n and_o worthy_a memory_n represent_v as_o it_o be_v the_o english_a state_n for_o the_o time_n of_o more_o than_o 200_o year_n now_o therefore_o do_v rest_n nevertheless_o three_o thing_n concern_v the_o say_a principality_n to_o be_v further_o consider_v of_o first_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o order_n the_o say_a principality_n and_o march_n of_o wales_n be_v govern_v and_o direct_v under_o the_o say_a prince_n second_o what_o officer_n as_o well_o domestical_a as_o other_o the_o say_a prince_n have_v about_o they_o and_o their_o fee_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o i_o can_v come_v to_o any_o certain_a knowledge_n thereof_o and_o three_o a_o abstract_a of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o say_a principality_n as_o they_o late_o stand_v whereby_o it_o may_v be_v perceive_v what_o in_o time_n past_o the_o say_a revenue_n have_v be_v the_o manner_n of_o government_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n the_o say_a principality_n be_v under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o welsh_a blood_n who_o ancient_a patrimony_n yet_o remain_v until_o the_o conquest_n thereof_o by_o k._n ed._n i._o as_o have_v already_o be_v show_v be_v guide_v govern_v and_o direct_v by_o their_o own_o municipal_a law_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n most_o of_o which_o have_v their_o commencement_n from_o the_o constitution_n of_o one_o of_o their_o ancient_a prince_n call_v howel_n dha_n as_o their_o historian_n report_v but_o be_v reduce_v under_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n he_o divide_v certain_a part_n of_o that_o territory_n into_o shire_n he_o cause_v the_o welsh_a law_n to_o be_v peruse_v some_o whereof_o he_o do_v allow_v and_o approve_v some_o other_o he_o do_v abbrogate_v and_o disannul_v and_o in_o their_o place_n appoint_v new_a altogether_o according_a to_o the_o english_a manner_n of_o execute_v justice_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v devise_v certain_a brief_n writ_n or_o formula_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o he_o institute_v their_o manner_n of_o process_n plead_n and_o course_n of_o their_o judicial_a proceed_n all_o which_o thing_n do_v manifest_o appear_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v at_o ruthlan_n in_o wales_n call_v therefore_o statutum_n walliae_fw-la and_o when_o they_o want_v a_o writ_n of_o form_n to_o serve_v the_o present_a case_n then_o use_v they_o the_o write_v of_o quod_fw-la ei_fw-la deforciat_fw-la which_o supply_v that_o defect_n and_o although_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n as_o have_v appear_v by_o some_o of_o the_o record_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o province_n north-wales_n southwales_n and_o westwales_n for_o so_o in_o some_o of_o the_o former_a patent_n they_o be_v mention_v yet_o for_o the_o jurisdiction_n thereof_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n north-wales_n and_o southwales_n for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o westwales_n be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o shire_n of_o pembrock_n which_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a shire_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o territory_n thereof_o conquer_v by_o the_o english_a in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n rufus_n long_a time_n before_o the_o general_a conquest_n of_o wales_n by_o richard_n strongbow_n be_v english_a and_o the_o earl_n thereof_o and_o call_v also_o by_o some_o earl_n of_o strigulia_n or_o chepstow_n or_o rather_o strigul_n castle_n be_v the_o first_o that_o attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n in_o the_o day_n of_o hen._n ii_o the_o province_n of_o north-wales_n and_o southwales_n be_v govern_v by_o law_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o prince_n have_v and_o use_v to_o hold_v a_o chancery_n and_o a_o court_n of_o exchequer_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o gaernarvon_n for_o north-wales_n and_o have_v a_o judge_n or_o justice_n which_o minister_v justice_n there_o to_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o north-wales_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v the_o justice_n of_o north-wales_n the_o like_a court_n of_o chancery_n and_o exchequer_n he_o hold_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o caermardhyn_n for_o southwales_n where_o he_o have_v a_o justice_n likewise_o call_v the_o justice_n of_o southwales_n 6._o 3._o ed._n 3._o â—9_n &_o in_o le_fw-fr novel_a prin_fw-mi 63._o a_o 7._o hen._n 35_o 6._o and_o the_o court_n of_o the_o justice_n or_o judge_n so_o hold_v within_o the_o several_a province_n be_v call_v the_o great_a session_n of_o those_o province_n and_o sometime_o those_o justice_n be_v itenerant_a and_o sit_v in_o every_o of_o the_o several_a county_n of_o his_o province_n in_o those_o great_a session_n the_o cause_n of_o great_a moment_n real_a personal_a and_o mix_v and_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n concern_v life_n and_o member_n be_v hear_v and_o determine_v 7._o minister_n account_n 18._o h_o 7._o in_o these_o great_a court_n also_o upon_o creation_n of_o every_o new_a prince_n there_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o people_n of_o that_o province_n unto_o the_o prince_n nomine_fw-la recognitionis_fw-la ad_fw-la primum_fw-la adventum_fw-la principis_fw-la certain_a sum_n of_o money_n as_o it_o be_v in_o acknowledgement_n or_o relief_n of_o the_o new_a prince_n which_o sum_n of_o money_n be_v call_v by_o they_o mise_n these_o mise_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o people_n unto_o the_o prince_n for_o his_o allowance_n of_o their_o law_n and_o ancient_a custom_n and_o a_o general_a pardon_n of_o their_o offence_n sinable_a or_o punishable_a by_o the_o prince_n and_o that_o sum_n of_o those_o mise_n for_o the_o shire_n of_o caermardhyn_n only_o amount_v unto_o 800._o mark_n and_o for_o the_o shire_n of_o cardigan_n the_o total_a sum_n of_o the_o mise_v amount_v unto_o 600_o mark_n as_o by_o sundry_a record_n do_v appear_v these_o sum_n of_o money_n be_v pay_v at_o certain_a day_n by_o several_a portion_n such_o as_o be_v appoint_v and_o in_o the_o say_a session_n agree_v upon_o also_o in_o every_o shire_n of_o every_o the_o say_a province_n there_o be_v hold_v certain_a inferior_a court_n call_v therefore_o county_n court_n and_o shire_n court_n and_o tourn_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o england_n and_o which_o by_o some_o be_v also_o call_v the_o petty_a session_n and_o there_o be_v also_o court_v inferior_a in_o sundry_a county_n for_o end_v of_o cause_n of_o less_o moment_n and_o importance_n and_o if_o any_o wrong_a judgement_n be_v give_v in_o any_o of_o those_o leferiour_a court_n a._n 19_o h_o 6._o 12._o b._n 21._o h._n 7._o 33._o a._n the_o same_o be_v redress_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o false_a judgement_n in_o the_o court_n superior_a and_o if_o any_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o great_a session_n which_o be_v the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n that_o error_n be_v either_o redress_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o penal_a justice_n itenerant_a or_o else_o in_o parliament_n and_o not_o otherwise_o in_o any_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n now_o at_o westminster_n welsh_a a_o noble_a policy_n of_o william_n conq._n good_a for_o himself_o but_o destructive_a to_o the_o welsh_a as_o touch_v the_o government_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n it_o appear_v by_o divers_a ancient_a monument_n that_o the_o counquerour_n after_o he_o have_v conquer_v the_o english_a placed_z divers_z of_o his_o norman_a nobility_n upon_o the_o confine_n and_o border_n towards_o wales_n and_o erect_v the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n be_v upon_o the_o border_n of_o north-wales_n to_o a_o palatinate_n and_o give_v power_n unto_o the_o the_o say_a person_n thus_o place_v upon_o those_o border_n to_o make_v such_o conquest_n upon_o the_o welsh_a as_o they_o by_o their_o strength_n can_v accomplish_v hold_v it_o a_o very_a good_a policy_n thereby_o not_o only_o to_o encourage_v they_o to_o be_v more_o willing_a to_o serve_v he_o but_o also_o to_o provide_v for_o they_o at_o other_o man_n cost_n and_o hereupon_o further_o
ordain_v that_o the_o land_n so_o conquer_v shall_v be_v hold_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o upon_o this_o and_o such_o like_a occasion_n divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n have_v land_n upon_o the_o say_a border_n of_o wales_n make_v road_n and_o incursion_n upon_o the_o welsh_a whereby_o divers_a part_n of_o that_o country_n near_o or_o towards_o the_o say_a border_n be_v win_v by_o the_o sword_n from_o the_o welshman_n and_o be_v plant_v partly_o with_o english_a colony_n and_o the_o say_a land_n so_o conquer_v be_v hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la policy_n another_o policy_n and_o be_v call_v therefore_o barony_n marcher_n in_o such_o manner_n do_v robert_n fitz_n hamon_n acquire_v unto_o himself_o and_o such_o other_o as_o assist_v he_o the_o whole_a lordship_n of_o glamorgan_n use_v in_o some_o resemblance_n the_o roman_a policy_n to_o enlarge_v territory_n by_o step_v in_o between_o two_o competitor_n and_o by_o help_v the_o one_o he_o subdue_v the_o other_o and_o afterward_o turn_v his_o sword_n against_o he_o who_o he_o have_v assist_v &_o make_v this_o the_o pretence_n of_o his_o quarrel_n allege_v that_o he_o who_o he_o have_v assist_v have_v deny_v to_o make_v unto_o he_o sufficient_a recompense_n for_o he_o sustain_v travel_n and_o so_o make_v himsel_n absolute_a owner_n of_o all_o likewise_o bernard_n newmarsh_n conquer_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n contain_v three_o cantred_n and_o establish_v his_o conquest_n by_o a_o marriage_n in_o the_o welsh_a blood_n marcher_n the_o original_a of_o the_o barony_n marcher_n but_o she_o prove_v a_o blemish_n to_o her_o country_n hugh_n lacie_n conquer_v the_o land_n of_o ewyas_n call_v after_o his_o name_n ewyas_n lacie_n and_o other_o do_v the_o like_a in_o other_o place_n of_o the_o border_n all_o which_o be_v barony_n marcher_n and_o be_v hold_v by_o such_o the_o conqueror_n thereof_o in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o because_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n may_v the_o better_o keep_v the_o say_a land_n so_o acquire_v b_o sr._n j._n dod._n fol._n 38._o 13_o fitzh_n jur._n 23_o 47_o ed._n 1._o 5_o 6_o 7_o 6_o h._n 5._o fitzh_n juris_fw-la 34_o 7_o h._n 6._o 35._o 36._o 30._o b_o 6._o 6._o b_o and_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v withdraw_v by_o suit_n of_o law_n from_o the_o defence_n of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v thus_o subdue_v the_o say_a lordship_n and_o land_n so_o conquer_v be_v ordain_v barony_n marcher_n and_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o palatine_n jurisdiction_n erect_v in_o every_o of_o they_o and_o power_n to_o administer_v justice_n unto_o their_o tenant_n in_o every_o of_o their_o territory_n have_v therein_o court_v with_o divers_a privilege_n franchise_n and_o immunity_n so_o that_o the_o writ_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_v not_o currant_n among_o they_o nevertheless_o if_o the_o whole_a barony_n have_v come_v in_o question_n or_o that_o the_o strife_n have_v be_v between_o two_o baron_n marcher_n touch_v their_o territory_n or_o confine_n thereof_o for_o want_v of_o a_o superior_a they_o have_v recourse_n unto_o the_o king_n their_o supreme_a lord_n and_o in_o these_o and_o such_o like_a case_n where_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n fail_v justice_n be_v administer_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o superior_a court_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o government_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n both_z before_z and_o after_o the_o general_a conquest_n thereof_o make_v by_o k._n edw._n i._n until_o the_o 27_o year_n of_o k._n henry_n viii_o and_o as_o touch_v the_o first_o council_n establish_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n it_o be_v conceive_v by_o the_o best_a and_o most_o probable_a opinion_n among_o antiquary_n that_o the_o same_o begin_v in_o or_o about_o 17o._o edw._n iu._n when_o as_o prince_n edward_n his_o son_n be_v send_v into_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n under_o the_o tuition_n of_o the_o l._n rivers_n his_o uncle_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n at_o what_o time_n also_o john_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n be_v appoint_v l._n precedent_n of_o wales_n prince_n arthur_n the_o son_n of_o k._n henry_n vii_o in_o the_o 17._o of_o his_o reign_n go_v into_o wales_n at_o what_o time_n dr._n will._n smith_n after_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o there_o bury_v be_v then_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o march_n he_o found_v brasonnose_n college_n in_o oxford_n and_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n arg_v a_o fess_v dancette_fw-it inter_fw-la gules_a this_o man_n be_v also_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n viii_o until_o the_o four_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o say_v king_n at_o what_o time_n geoffrey_n blyth_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n and_o lichfield_n succeed_v in_o the_o office_n of_o precedent_n in_o the_o say_a council_n there_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o office_n of_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n rowland_n lee_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n and_o lichfield_n and_o this_o be_v the_o state_n and_o government_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n 27o._o h._n 8._o the_o say_a king_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v 27o._o regni_fw-la wales_n wales_n annex_v to_o england_n &_o the_o english_a law_n bring_v into_o wales_n unite_v and_o annex_v the_o principality_n and_o dominion_n of_o wales_n unto_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n alter_v in_o many_o part_n the_o former_a jurisdiction_n and_o government_n thereof_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o like_a administration_n of_o justice_n as_o be_v and_o yet_o be_v usual_a in_o england_n appont_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n shall_v take_v place_n there_o and_o that_o all_o welsh_a law_n abrogate_a welsh_a law_n abrogate_a sinister_a custom_n and_o tenor_n not_o agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v thenceforth_o abrogate_a and_o abolish_v of_o which_o union_n and_o annexion_n first_o for_o that_o thereof_o have_v ensue_v great_a peace_n tranquillity_n and_o infinite_a good_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n of_o wales_n second_o because_o in_o some_o respect_n it_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o project_n and_o precedent_n in_o some_o other_o union_n and_o annexion_n of_o as_o much_o of_o more_o consequence_n and_o importance_n mean_v peradventure_o the_o annexion_n of_o scotland_n be_v mean_v and_o three_o because_o the_o say_a union_n do_v contain_v a_o express_a image_n of_o the_o politic_a government_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n i_o have_v presume_v with_o convenient_a brevity_n upon_o this_o good_a occasion_n here_o in_o this_o place_n to_o express_v the_o same_o therefore_o whereas_o in_o former_a time_n there_o have_v be_v in_o wales_n ancient_o 8_o several_a shire_n or_o county_n 26_o judge_n dod._n fol_z 40._o statutum_n de_fw-fr 24._o b._n 8._o cap._n 26_o beside_o the_o county_n of_o monmoth_n which_o be_v the_o nine_o and_o that_o some_o other_o territory_n in_o wales_n be_v then_o no_o shire_n ground_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o law_n of_o england_n can_v have_v no_o currant_n passage_n therein_o for_o all_o the_o ordinary_a minister_n and_o executioner_n of_o the_o process_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n or_o which_o have_v viscountile_a jurisdiction_n be_v the_o officer_n of_o particular_a shire_n as_o the_o sheriff_n the_o coroner_n the_o escheater_n and_o such_o like_a therefore_o by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n there_o be_v erect_v in_o wales_n 4_o other_o new_a ordain_v shire_n of_o the_o land_n not_o former_o so_o divide_v namely_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n montgomery_n and_o denbigh_n so_o that_o now_o the_o shire_n be_v 13._o viz._n 1_o radnor_n shire_n 2_o brecknock_n shire_n 3_o monmoth_n shire_n 4_o glamorgan_n shire_n 5_o carmarthyn_n shire_n 6_o pembrock_n shire_n 7_o cardigan_n shire_n 8_o montgomery_z shire_n 9_o merionith_n shire_n 10_o caernarvon_n shire_n 11_o denbigh_n shire_n 12_o flint_n shire_n 13_o anglesey_n shire_n and_o these_o four_o last_v also_o with_o the_o former_a ancient_a shire_n together_o be_v by_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o statute_n of_o 38._o h._n 8._o subdivide_v into_o cantred_n shire_n the_o march_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o welsh_a and_o english_a shire_n and_o all_o the_o march_n ground_n be_v then_o neither_o any_o part_n of_o wales_n although_o former_o conquer_v out_o of_o wales_n neither_o any_o part_n of_o the_o shire_n of_o engl._n the_o say_a king_n by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n do_v annex_v &_o unite_v partly_o unto_o the_o say_a shire_n of_o engl._n &_o partly_o unto_o the_o shire_n of_o wales_n next_o adjoin_v as_o be_v think_v then_o by_o reason_n of_o vicinity_n of_o place_n &_o other_o correspondency_n most_o convenient_a as_o by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n appear_v which_o the_o say_a king_n be_v the_o rather_o occasion_v to_o do_v for_o most_o of_o
the_o say_a barony_n mercher_n be_v then_o in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o for_o that_o also_o divers_a murder_n rape_n robery_n and_o enormity_n and_o odious_a offence_n have_v be_v there_o commit_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o offender_n shire_n monmoth_n make_v a_o english_a shire_n from_o one_o barony_n as_o be_v usual_a upon_o the_o border_n they_o have_v escape_v due_a and_o condign_a punishment_n for_o their_o such_o enormity_n and_o crime_n he_o ordain_v also_o that_o the_o county_n of_o monmoth_n former_o be_v a_o shire_n of_o wales_n shall_v be_v govern_v from_o thenceforth_o in_o like_a manner_n 26._o stat._n 27._o h._n 8._o cap._n 26._o and_o by_o the_o same_o judge_n as_o other_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o for_o the_o other_o 12_o shire_n he_o order_v a_o special_a jurisdiction_n and_o officer_n but_o yet_o in_o substance_n agreeable_a and_o after_o the_o law_n of_o england_n although_o for_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o person_n in_o some_o few_o thing_n discordant_a he_o ordain_v that_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n of_o wales_n there_o shall_v be_v one_o knight_n and_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n town_n of_o wales_n name_v in_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n 26._o stat._n 276._o cap_n 26._o there_o shall_v be_v one_o burgess_n elect_v after_o the_o english_a manner_n which_o knight_n and_o burgess_n so_o elect_v and_o due_o upon_o the_o summons_n of_o every_o parliament_n in_o england_n return_v shall_v have_v place_n and_o voice_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n as_o other_z the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n of_o england_n use_v to_o have_v stat_n circuit_n 34._o h_o 8._o cap._n 26._o stat_n as_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o say_v 12_o shire_n of_o wales_n there_o be_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 34._o h._n 8._o ordain_v 4._o several_a circuit_n precint_n or_o conventus_fw-la juridicus_fw-la allot_v to_o every_o of_o they_o three_o of_o these_o shire_n so_o that_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o chester_n have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n the_o three_o several_a shire_n of_o denbigh_n flint_n and_o montgomery_n his_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 100_o l._n justice_n justice_n the_o shire_n of_o carnarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n be_v under_o the_o justice_n of_o north-wales_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n the_o county_n of_o carmardhin_n pembrock_n and_o cardigan_n have_v also_o their_o justice_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n the_o county_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n have_v also_o their_o justice_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n after_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o one_o other_o justice_n assistant_n be_v ordain_v to_o the_o former_a justice_n 8._o stat._n 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o so_o that_o now_o every_o of_o the_o say_v four_o circuit_n have_v two_o justice_n viz._n one_o chief_a justice_n and_o a_o second_o justice_n assistant_n their_o jurisdiction_n these_o justice_n in_o every_o of_o their_o circuit_n have_v almost_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o ancient_a justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n itenerant_n have_v first_o they_o have_v power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o criminal_a cause_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o herein_o they_o have_v the_o same_o absolute_a jurisdiction_n that_o the_o judge_n have_v of_o the_o k._n bench_n common_o so_o call_v they_o have_v also_o jurisdiction_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o civil_a cause_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n common_a plea_n and_o to_o take_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o fine_n levy_v of_o land_n or_o hereditament_n without_o sue_v any_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la and_o herein_o they_o have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n do_v execute_v in_o the_o hall_n at_o westminster_n also_o they_o may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o assize_n upon_o disseison_n of_o land_n or_o hereditament_n wherein_o they_o equal_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n they_o may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o notable_a violence_n and_o outrage_n perpetrate_v or_o do_v within_o their_o several_a precint_n and_o therein_o they_o have_v the_o power_n authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n their_o chancery_n seal_n and_o writ_n for_o as_o much_o as_o no_o suit_n can_v commence_v between_o party_n and_o party_n nor_o orderly_a justice_n can_v be_v do_v without_o complaint_n of_o the_o pursuivant_n and_o summons_n and_o admonition_n give_v unto_o the_o defendant_n which_o summon_v the_o policy_n of_o england_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n have_v appoint_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o that_o kind_n of_o formulae_fw-la juris_fw-la which_o the_o common_a law_n call_v a_o writ_n or_o brief_n so_o call_v as_o bracton_n say_v breve_fw-la quia_fw-la rem_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la &_o intentionem_fw-la petentis_fw-la breviter_fw-la enarrat_fw-la and_o which_o writ_n be_v always_o conceive_v in_o form_n quondam_a of_o the_o king_n name_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o preecept_n royal_a and_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n or_o potestates_fw-la great_a seal_n original_a write_v either_o judicial_a or_o original_a therefore_o in_o the_o appoint_v of_o this_o jurisdiction_n there_o be_v ordain_v to_o every_o circuit_n or_o precint_n a_o several_a seal_n for_o the_o seal_n of_o such_o writ_n and_o commission_n as_o the_o case_n shall_v require_v within_o that_o circuit_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o writt_n be_v either_o original_a such_o as_o begin_v the_o suit_n or_o else_o judicial_a such_o as_o command_v and_o warrant_v the_o execution_n thereof_o it_o be_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o 34_o hen._n 8._o ordain_v that_o the_o seal_n serve_v for_o original_a process_n in_o several_a shire_n of_o denbigh_n and_o montgomery_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o denbigh_n and_o what_o the_o original_a seal_n of_o chester_n shall_v be_v and_o stand_v for_o the_o original_a seal_n of_o flint_n and_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o chester_n the_o like_a seal_n serve_v for_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o carnarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n to_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o north-wales_n the_o like_a seal_n concern_v the_o several_a shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o steward_n of_o brecknoc_n and_o final_o the_o like_a seal_n serve_v for_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o caermardhyn_n pembrockâ—_n and_o cardigan_n be_v in_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o southwales_n these_o chamberlain_n be_v as_o chancellor_n in_o this_o behalf_n and_o have_v the_o seal_n of_o all_o original_a writ_n and_o commission_n within_o the_o several_a precint_n and_o these_o chamberlain_n may_v also_o award_v out_o several_a writ_n to_o all_o under-receiver_n of_o the_o revenue_n and_o minister_n to_o make_v their_o account_n the_o seal_n for_o seal_v judicial_a writ_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n 34_o h._n 8._o to_o be_v and_o remain_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o every_o the_o say_a circuit_n for_o the_o more_o expedite_a execution_n of_o their_o judgement_n session_n the_o great_a session_n their_o session_n and_o manner_n of_o sit_v every_o of_o these_o justice_n in_o their_o several_a circuit_n shall_v be_v itenerant_a twice_o every_o year_n and_o sit_v in_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n with_o their_o authority_n by_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n together_o at_o a_o place_n certain_a by_o they_o so_o appoint_v and_o upon_o proclamation_n of_o summons_n to_o be_v make_v 15_o day_n before_o the_o say_a sit_n adjournment_n adjournment_n where_o all_o person_n require_v justice_n may_v purchase_v their_o writ_n and_o proceed_v in_o their_o suit_n and_o where_o adjournment_n of_o the_o cause_n there_o depend_v shall_v be_v de_fw-fr die_v in_o diem_fw-la and_o if_o the_o cause_n can_v have_v no_o end_n during_o the_o sit_v then_o from_o session_n to_o session_n as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n shall_v require_v and_o according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n and_o these_o sit_n be_v call_v the_o great_a session_n session_n 34._o h_o 8_o cap._n 26._o â—_o 33_o petâ—y_a session_n and_o if_o their_o shall_v be_v such_o multitude_n of_o plea_n personal_a as_o that_o they_o can_v be_v try_v at_o the_o same_o great_a session_n than_o the_o issue_n there_o in_o trial_n shall_v and_o may_v be_v try_v at_o some_o session_n before_o the_o deputy_n justice_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o petty_a session_n and_o if_o any_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v give_v by_o the_o say_a justice_n in_o any_o real_a action_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v reverse_v by_o writ_n of_o error_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o
stratherne_n steward_n which_o wear_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n marry_v eufamia_fw-la daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o ross_n and_o have_v by_o she_o two_o son_n walter_z e._n of_o athol_n and_o david_n e._n of_o stratherne_n this_o walter_n solicit_v robert_n d._n of_o albany_n to_o slay_v david_n steward_n d._n of_o rothsay_n after_o that_o james_n the_o first_o be_v return_v out_o of_o england_n sva_fw-la nec_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la justior_fw-la ulla_fw-la quam_fw-la necis_fw-la artifices_fw-la arte_fw-la perire_fw-la sva_fw-la he_o do_v what_o he_o can_v to_o move_v he_o to_o put_v to_o death_n all_o the_o lineage_n of_o the_o say_a duke_n still_o be_v in_o hope_n after_o the_o dispatch_n of_o his_o kinsman_n to_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n himself_o which_o hope_v move_v he_o to_o procure_v his_o nephew_n robert_n steward_n and_o robert_n graham_n his_o daughter_n son_n to_o murder_v k._n james_n the_o i._o also_o for_o the_o which_o crime_n the_o say_a walter_n be_v convict_v and_o destroy_v with_o all_o his_o son_n his_o brother_n david_n earl_n of_o buchquane_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o so_o the_o land_n of_o both_o those_o brethren_n return_v again_o to_o the_o crown_n without_o any_o memory_n of_o their_o blood_n sir_n robert_z steward_z duke_z of_o albany_n marry_v the_o e._n of_o lenox_n daughter_n and_o have_v by_o she_o 3_o son_n walter_n alexander_n and_o james_n duke_n murdo_n himself_o with_o his_o first_o two_o son_n be_v slay_v at_o strivel_a by_o k._n james_n i._n and_o the_o three_o brother_n james_n in_o revenge_n thereof_o burn_v durbertane_v and_o be_v after_o chase_v into_o ireland_n where_o he_o decease_v without_o issue_n robert_n the_o three_o of_o that_o name_n marry_v annabel_n drommound_n daughter_n of_o sir_n john_n drommound_n of_o stobhal_a knight_n and_o have_v by_o she_o david_n and_o james_n the_o first_o die_v in_o faulkland_n and_o the_o other_o attain_v the_o crown_n and_o be_v call_v james_n the_o first_o 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come_v three_o that_o for_o performance_n of_o these_o they_o shall_v deliver_v forthwith_o to_o the_o prince_n twenty_o pledge_n of_o the_o best_a in_o all_o the_o country_n which_o thing_n they_o do_v then_o the_o prince_n return_v into_o north-wales_n with_o much_o honour_n pembrock_n caerleon_n take_v by_o the_o e._n of_o pembrock_n short_o after_o william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembrock_n get_v the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_n and_o make_v war_n against_o the_o welshman_n who_o contrary_a to_o their_o promise_n the_o baron_n leave_v out_o of_o the_o conclusion_n of_o peace_n the_o baron_n be_v very_o glad_a of_o the_o friendship_n and_o aid_n of_o the_o p._n of_o wales_n to_o serve_v their_o own_o turn_n wales_n the_o baron_n pacify_v france_n and_o england_n conspire_v against_o wales_n but_o now_o in_o a_o general_a conclusion_n of_o peace_n contrary_a to_o their_o oath_n and_o promise_n they_o reserve_v out_o wales_n to_o keep_v they_o play_v withal_o hope_v to_o get_v some_o 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montgomery_n and_o build_v a_o castle_n there_o john_n montgomery_z castle_n build_v by_o k._n john_n the_o year_n follow_v there_o fall_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o prince_n lhewelin_n and_o gruffith_n his_o son_n for_o this_o gruffith_n enjoy_v the_o cantref_o of_o merion_v without_o his_o father_n consent_n and_o therefore_o his_o father_n send_v for_o he_o to_o come_v unto_o he_o which_o he_o deny_v to_o do_v therefore_o the_o prince_n swear_v that_o he_o will_v be_v revenge_v upon_o he_o and_o his_o confederate_n for_o that_o dishonour_n and_o then_o come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o merion_v but_o the_o son_n not_o fear_v his_o father_n get_v his_o people_n into_o the_o field_n ready_a to_o abide_v the_o battle_n but_o as_o they_o be_v in_o fight_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v and_o gruffith_n yield_v to_o his_o father_n and_o cry_v he_o mercy_n then_o lhewelin_n although_o he_o forgive_v his_o son_n the_o offence_n yet_o he_o take_v merion_v and_o ardydwy_n from_o he_o and_o build_v a_o castle_n there_o return_v home_o again_o at_o this_o time_n young_a rees_n forsake_v prince_n lhewelyn_n because_o aberteini_n be_v not_o deliver_v he_o as_o the_o promise_n be_v at_o the_o division_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o go_v to_o william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n which_o cause_v prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o come_v to_o aberystwyth_n and_o seize_v the_o castle_n and_o all_o the_o territory_n to_o his_o own_o use_n young_a rees_n hear_v this_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o complain_v upon_o prince_n lhewelin_n and_o the_o king_n send_v for_o the_o prince_n to_o shrewsbury_n and_o make_v he_o and_o rees_n friend_n the_o prince_n promise_v to_o deal_v with_o rees_n for_o aberteini_n as_o he_o have_v do_v with_o maelgon_n for_o caermarthyn_n this_o winter_n john_n bruse_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o senghennyth_n stratâ—lur_n young_a rees_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o stratâ—lur_n the_o year_n after_o young_a rees_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o life_n be_v a_o lusty_a gentleman_n and_o endue_v with_o many_o notable_a virtue_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n who_o inheritance_n lhewelin_n divide_v between_o his_o brother_n gwen_n and_o his_o uncle_n maelgon_n year_n 1223_o in_o the_o year_n 1223._o william_n marshal_n come_v from_o ireland_n and_o land_v at_o st._n david_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o short_o after_o lay_v siege_n to_o aberteini_n and_o get_v it_o and_o from_o thence_o march_v to_o caermarthyn_n and_o likewise_o get_v the_o same_o lhewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n at_o what_o time_n william_n marshal_v earl_n of_o pembrock_n prosecute_v the_o war_n in_o ireland_n take_v the_o two_o castle_n in_o wales_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n and_o now_o speak_v of_o this_o earof_o pembrock_n as_o former_o i_o have_v do_v i_o will_v set_v down_o a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o that_o place_n with_o their_o arm_n pembrockshire_n be_v inhabit_v of_o old_a by_o the_o dimetae_n a_o country_n quite_o surround_v by_o the_o sea_n save_v where_o it_o join_v unto_o caerdegan_n and_o caermarthynshires_n a_o country_n plentiful_a in_o corn_n and_o cattle_n and_o fish_n not_o destitute_a of_o pitcoale_n and_o which_o be_v far_o above_o the_o rest_n as_o giraldus_n tell_v consider_v that_o be_v so_o near_o to_o ireland_n of_o a_o wholesome_a and_o temperate_a air_n it_o contain_v in_o it_o 140._o parish_n church_n and_o 5._o market_n that_o which_o be_v most_o of_o note_n be_v milford_n renown_v for_o its_o safe_a and_o capacious_a haven_n but_o that_o from_o which_o it_o take_v its_o denomination_n be_v the_o town_n of_o pembrock_n seat_v upon_o a_o fork_a arm_n of_o milford_n haven_n and_o in_o the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o town_n consist_v principal_o of_o one_o long_a street_n on_o a_o long_a narrow_a point_n of_o a_o rock_n and_o have_v in_o the_o wall_n thereof_o two_o church_n the_o earl_n hereof_o in_o former_a time_n be_v county_n palatine_n and_o pass_v all_o thing_n that_o concern_v that_o county_n under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o earldom_n and_o it_o continue_v so_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n h._n viii_o when_o as_o wales_n be_v reduce_v to_o england_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n there_o dissolve_v by_o parliament_n since_o which_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n have_v be_v mere_o titulan_n as_o of_o other_o place_n and_o of_o each_o sort_n be_v these_o in_o their_o several_a age_n the_o marquess_n and_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n 1_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n 2_o richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n surname_v srongbow_n or_o 3_o cheveron_n g._n a_o crescent_a for_o difference_n 3_o william_n marshal_v marry_v isabel_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o rich._n strongbow_n 4_o william_n marshal_z lord_z chief_z justice_z 5_o richard_z marshal_z 6_o gilbert_n marshal_n 7_o walter_z marshal_z 8_o anselme_n marshal_n party_n per_fw-la pale_a or_o and_o vert_fw-fr a_o lion_n rampant_a gules_a incense_a azure_a 9_o william_n de_fw-fr valence_n half_a brother_n to_o henry_n iii_o who_o wife_n be_v daughter_n of_o a_o sister_n of_o anselme_n marshal_n 10_o aymer_n de_fw-fr valence_n ten_o closet_n argent_fw-fr and_z b_o as_o many_o martlet_n in_o vrle_n gules_a mr._n brochcal_n larn_o of_o 10._o piece_n 11_o laurence_n hastings_n who_o marry_v the_o lady_n isabel_n valence_n 12_o john_n hastings_z 13_o john_n hastings_z this_o john_n bear_v quarterly_a brotherton_n hastings_n or_o a_o manch_n gules_a valence_n and_o brotherton_n 14_o humphrey_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n quarterly_o france_n and_o england_n a_o border_n arg._n 15_o william_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pole_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n b._n a_o fess_v between_o three_o leopard_n head_n or._n 16_o jasper_n of_o hatfield_n brother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_o after_o duke_n of_o bedford_n quarterly_o france_n and_o england_n in_o a_o border_n b._n 8_o martlet_n or_o mr._n brock_n call_v they_o
semi_a 17_o william_n herbert_n 18_o william_n herbert_n party_n per_fw-la pale_a b._n and_o g._n 3_o lion_n ramp_n arg._n 19_o edward_n prince_n of_o wales_n son_n of_o k._n edw._n iu._n quarterly_o france_n and_o england_n a_o label_n arg._n 20_o anne_n bullen_n marchioness_n of_o pemb._n wife_n to_o hen._n 8._o arg._n a_o cheveren_n g._n between_o 3_o bull_n head_n coupe_n sable_n 21_o william_n herber_n create_v earl_n by_o edw._n 6._o 22_o henry_n herbert_n 23_o william_n herbert_n lord_n steward_n and_o chancellor_n of_o oxford_n 24_o philip_n herbert_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o montgomery_n 25_o philip_n herbert_n now_o live_v quarterly_o band_n g_o 3_o lion_n ramp_v arg._n a_o border_n gotone_n of_o the_o second_o and_o or_o besant_n this_o border_n be_v now_o lay_v aside_o talionis_fw-la lex_fw-la talionis_fw-la this_o earl_n hear_v that_o lhewelin_n have_v take_v his_o castle_n and_o put_v his_o man_n to_o the_o sword_n return_v from_o ireland_n with_o all_o speed_n and_o recover_v his_o fort_n use_v the_o same_o courtesy_n towards_o lhewelins_n man_n as_o he_o have_v show_v to_o he_o and_o then_o enter_v further_o into_o the_o prince_n country_n destroy_v all_o before_o he_o as_o he_o go_v person_n mat._n paâ—is_fw-la 423_o who_o say_v that_o the_o earl_n have_v the_o victory_n and_o â—hat_n there_o be_v slay_v â—000_n person_n these_o tiding_n come_v to_o lhewelins_n ear_n do_v much_o vex_v he_o whereupon_o he_o send_v gruffith_n his_o son_n with_o a_o power_n of_o man_n to_o impeach_v the_o earl_n from_o pass_v further_o griffith_n go_v to_o cyeweli_n and_o understanding_n that_o the_o burgess_n of_o the_o town_n mean_v to_o betray_v he_o burn_v the_o town_n church_n and_o all_o to_o the_o ground_n then_o william_n marshal_v pass_v the_o river_n tywy_a at_o caermardhyn_n where_o gruffith_n meet_v with_o he_o and_o give_v he_o battle_n which_o be_v long_a time_n doubtful_a and_o endure_v until_o night_n and_o then_o either_o party_n withdraw_v themselves_o and_o the_o river_n betwixt_o and_o after_o they_o have_v abide_v so_o for_o certain_a day_n gruffith_n for_o lack_n of_o victual_n for_o his_o man_n be_v about_o 9000_o person_n return_v back_o build_v cilgerran_n castle_n build_v and_o the_o earl_n go_v to_o cilgerran_n and_o begin_v to_o build_v there_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n but_o receive_v letter_n from_o the_o king_n to_o come_v &_o speak_v with_o he_o he_o go_v to_o the_o court_n by_o sea_n and_o leave_v his_o army_n to_o continue_v the_o work_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v the_o king_n and_o the_o archbishop_n be_v at_o ludlow_n send_v for_o the_o prince_n and_o will_v glad_o have_v compose_v matter_n between_o he_o and_o the_o earl_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v and_o so_o they_o depart_v and_o when_o the_o earl_n will_v have_v pass_v to_o pembrock_n by_o land_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n and_o henry_n pigot_n lord_n of_o ewyas_n the_o prince_n send_v his_o son_n to_o keep_v the_o passage_n at_o carnwylhion_n and_o he_o himself_o come_v as_o far_o as_o mabedryd_n which_o when_o the_o earl_n understand_v he_o retreat_v back_o to_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n bend_v his_o course_n for_o north_n wales_n year_n 1226_o the_o year_n 1226._o rees_n vachan_n son_n of_o rees_n gryc_a take_v his_o father_n prisoner_n and_o will_v not_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n till_o he_o have_v deliver_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhfry_n at_o this_o time_n meredyth_n archdeacon_n of_o caerdigan_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n be_v inter_v by_o his_o father_n at_o st._n david_n the_o year_n follow_v k._n henry_n the_o iii_o now_o king_n of_o england_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o wales_n as_o far_o as_o ceri_fw-la and_o encamp_v there_o 463._o k._n henry_n 3._o of_o england_n mat._n paris_n p._n 463._o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n lhewelyn_n call_v to_o he_o all_o the_o power_n of_o wales_n encamp_v not_o far_o off_o and_o there_o pass_v divers_a great_a skirmish_n and_o chief_o upon_o one_o day_n the_o most_o part_n of_o both_o army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n and_o many_o of_o the_o king_n man_n at_o which_o time_n william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n son_n to_o reynalt_n be_v take_v prisoner_n who_o offer_v for_o his_o ransom_n the_o country_n of_o buelht_n prince_n p._n lhewelin_n a_o worthy_a prince_n and_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n beside_o then_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n come_v and_o do_v honour_n unto_o the_o king_n but_o not_o as_o his_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o every_o party_n return_v home_o 282._o mr_n powel_n fol._n 282._o this_o history_n say_v mr._n powel_n be_v somewhat_o otherways_o set_v down_o by_o matt._n paris_n which_o i_o have_v thus_o translate_v out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n about_o the_o same_o time_n those_o soldier_n which_o lie_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o montgomery_n go_v out_o with_o some_o of_o their_o neighbour_n to_o amend_v a_o certain_a passage_n in_o the_o highway_n lead_v through_o a_o great_a wood_n thereby_o where_o the_o welshman_n be_v wont_a to_o rob_v and_o slay_v such_o as_o travel_v that_o way_n and_o come_v to_o the_o place_n with_o their_o axe_n and_o other_o weapon_n begin_v to_o fell_a tree_n and_o to_o cut_v down_o the_o bush_n whereby_o the_o way_n may_v be_v enlarge_v which_o thing_n when_o the_o welshman_n understand_v they_o come_v with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o set_v upon_o their_o enemy_n compel_v they_o to_o take_v the_o castle_n for_o their_o defence_n certain_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o then_o cast_v a_o trench_n about_o the_o same_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o bâ—â—g_n the_o castle_n &_o honour_n of_o mâ—ntgâ—mery_n give_v to_o hubert_n de_fw-fr bâ—â—g_n this_o be_v speedy_o carry_v to_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burge_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n to_o who_o a_o little_a before_o the_o same_o castle_n and_o honour_n be_v give_v the_o king_n himself_o with_o convenient_a speed_n come_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o when_o his_o whole_a army_n come_v unto_o he_o for_o few_o soldier_n come_v with_o he_o thither_o he_o go_v to_o the_o say_a wood_n which_o be_v very_o large_a be_v five_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o thick_a growth_n of_o the_o same_o very_o hard_o to_o be_v moot_v howbeit_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o same_o with_o great_a diligence_n and_o travail_n to_o be_v assert_v and_o consume_v with_o fire_n burn_v king_n henry_n cause_v â—â—â—d_v a_o abbey_n to_o be_v burn_v then_o lead_v his_o army_n further_o into_o the_o country_n he_o come_v to_o a_o abbey_n of_o white_a monk_n call_v cridia_n be_v a_o refuge_n for_o the_o welsh_a to_o fly_v unto_o which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v burn_v to_o ash_n where_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burg_n to_o who_o the_o place_n seem_v very_o fit_a for_o fortification_n have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n cause_v a_o castle_n to_o be_v build_v but_o eâ—e_v the_o work_n can_v be_v finish_v many_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o will_v de_fw-fr bruse_n a_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o chieftain_n who_o go_v out_o to_o make_v provision_n for_o the_o army_n be_v take_v by_o the_o welshman_n and_o secure_v and_o divers_a other_o go_v out_o for_o the_o like_a purpose_n whereof_o one_o be_v knight_v a_o few_o day_n before_o see_v some_o of_o his_o fellow_n in_o danger_n &_o like_a to_o be_v distress_v rush_v bold_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n kill_v many_o about_o he_o yet_o in_o the_o end_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o king_n man_n be_v slay_v several_a also_o of_o the_o king_n man_n be_v confederate_n with_o p._n lhewelyn_n do_v very_o remissly_a defend_v themselves_o &_o his_o cause_n with_o who_o they_o come_v thither_o whereupon_o the_o king_n want_v necessary_a provision_n and_o perceive_v the_o double_a deal_n of_o some_o of_o his_o own_o man_n be_v constrain_v to_o conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o the_o welshman_n give_v his_o assent_n that_o the_o castle_n which_o with_o so_o great_a expense_n of_o man_n and_o money_n be_v almost_o finish_v shall_v be_v raze_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n english_a a_o ignoble_a peace_n to_o the_o english_a take_v of_o p._n lhewelin_n 3000_o pound_n towards_o the_o same_o the_o peace_n be_v thus_o confirm_v both_o party_n go_v homeward_o thus_o the_o king_n of_o england_n after_o he_o have_v bestow_v three_o month_n in_o the_o build_n of_o the_o say_a castle_n and_o disburse_v a_o incredible_a some_o of_o money_n in_o vain_a leave_v william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n one_o of_o his_o noble_n in_o the_o prince_n his_o prison_n return_v home_o with_o great_a stain_n of_o honour_n the_o name_n also_o which_o hubert_n the_o chief_a justice_n have_v give_v to_o the_o castle_n viz._n hubert_n folly_n huberti_fw-la stulitia_fw-la huberti_fw-la