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so_o wound_v themselves_o inâ—o_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o command_n and_o have_v such_o a_o influence_n into_o the_o council_n of_o both_o side_n â—â—at_v the_o war_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n whole_o orderedâ—y_v â—y_z their_o direction_n witness_v the_o great_a power_n â—hat_n ruthen_n very_o king_n meldram_n etc._n etc._n â—ad_a in_o the_o army_n on_o either_o side_n 8._o the_o weightiness_n then_o of_o prince_n affair_n upon_o all_o emergent_a occasion_n render_v it_o necessary_a for_o they_o not_o only_o to_o have_v power_n to_o command_v their_o subject_n of_o whatsoever_o rank_n or_o profession_n to_o serve_v as_o soldier_n in_o their_o war_n but_o also_o to_o provide_v aforehand_o for_o a_o supply_n of_o able_a man_n both_o for_o place_n of_o command_n and_o to_o execute_v other_o part_n of_o that_o service_n which_o can_v be_v do_v unless_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o person_n be_v train_v up_o in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n and_o breed_v soldier_n it_o be_v 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up_o to_o the_o present_a case_n there_o be_v yet_o two_o thing_n more_o to_o be_v do_v first_o to_o show_v what_o the_o different_a construction_n the_o high_a i_o mean_v and_o the_o low_a the_o word_n of_o the_o engagement_n be_v fair_o capable_a of_o and_o second_o to_o find_v as_o well_o as_o we_o can_v whether_o of_o the_o two_o be_v more_o probable_o the_o meaning_n intend_v by_o the_o imposer_n to_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o word_n the_o word_n be_v these_o i_o do_v promise_n to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v now_o establish_v without_o king_n or_o lord_n wherein_o there_o be_v sundry_a ambiguity_n 1._o first_o in_o the_o word_n true_a and_o faithful_a by_o which_o may_v be_v intend_v either_o the_o promise_n of_o that_o fidelity_n and_o allegiance_n which_o be_v former_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v now_o perform_v to_o those_o that_o be_v present_o possess_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n as_o their_o right_n and_o due_a or_o else_o that_o promise_n of_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o fidelity_n as_o captive_n take_v in_o the_o war_n promise_v to_o their_o enemy_n when_o they_o fall_v under_o their_o power_n viz._n to_o remain_v true_a prisoner_n of_o war_n and_o so_o long_o as_o they_o be_v in_o their_o power_n not_o to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n to_o their_o destruction_n 2._o second_o in_o the_o word_n commonwealth_n by_o which_o may_v either_o be_v mean_v those_o person_n who_o be_v the_o prevalent_a party_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o now_o be_v possess_v of_o and_o do_v exercise_v the_o supreme_a power_n therein_o as_o if_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v vest_v in_o they_o or_o else_o the_o whole_a entire_a body_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n as_o it_o be_v a_o civil_a society_n or_o state_n within_o itself_o distinguish_v from_o all_o other_o foreign_a estate_n take_a in_o the_o former_a sense_n the_o fidelity_n promise_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n relate_v 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realm_n in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o or_o else_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d only_o as_o a_o clause_n simple_o and_o bare_o recite_v what_o manner_n of_o government_n it_o be_v that_o this_o nation_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v now_o under_o viz._n a_o government_n by_o the_o commons_o only_o without_o either_o king_n or_o house_n of_o lord_n which_o ambiguity_n consider_v the_o high_a construction_n that_o can_v be_v reasonable_o make_v of_o the_o word_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n i_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o this_o nation_n where_o unto_o i_o owe_v allegiance_n and_o subjection_n to_o be_v right_o state_v in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o wherein_o neither_o king_n nor_o lord_n as_o such_o have_v or_o henceforth_o aught_o to_o have_v any_o share_n and_o i_o promise_v that_o i_o will_v perform_v all_o allegiance_n and_o subjection_n thereunto_o and_o maintain_v the_o same_o with_o my_o fortune_n and_o life_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o my_o power_n and_o the_o 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most_o or_o this_o which_o oblige_v to_o the_o least_o the_o word_n can_v well_o bear_v that_o the_o former_n of_o the_o engagement_n do_v rather_o intend_v to_o declare_v by_o these_o word_n they_o that_o think_v the_o former_a want_v not_o probability_n of_o reason_n to_o ground_v their_o persuasion_n upon_o for_o they_o consider_v that_o those_o who_o be_v present_o possess_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v not_o mind_v to_o part_v with_o it_o if_o they_o can_v hold_v it_o and_o that_o the_o likely_a way_n to_o hold_v it_o be_v if_o they_o can_v possible_o bring_v the_o whole_a people_n of_o england_n or_o at_o least_o the_o far_o great_a part_n thereof_o to_o acknowledge_v that_o they_o be_v right_o possess_v of_o it_o and_o to_o promise_v subjection_n and_o allegiance_n to_o they_o as_o such_o and_o that_o therefore_o the_o engagement_n be_v purposely_o devise_v and_o set_v on_o foot_n as_o the_o fit_a engine_n to_o expedite_v that_o work_n must_v in_o all_o reason_n intend_v to_o oblige_v so_o far_o which_o be_v so_o contrary_a to_o their_o judgement_n and_o persuasion_n concern_v the_o duty_n and_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n i_o can_v blame_v those_o that_o so_o understand_v the_o word_n of_o the_o engagement_n if_o they_o abominate_a the_o very_a thought_n of_o take_v it_o but_o there_o want_v not_o great_a probability_n of_o reason_n on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o induce_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o latter_a and_o low_a sense_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v deem_v the_o immediate_a and_o declare_v intent_n of_o the_o imposer_n whatsoever_o cause_n of_o suspicion_n there_o may_v be_v that_o the_o former_a meaning_n may_v be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o their_o secret_n reserve_v and_o ultimate_a intent_n between_o which_o two_o if_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n as_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a but_o there_o may_v be_v the_o engager_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o it_o or_o not_o yet_o the_o equivocation_n if_o there_o be_v any_o in_o that_o must_v be_v put_v upon_o the_o imposer_n not_o on_o the_o promiser_n score_n for_o thus_o believe_v there_o be_v among_o other_o these_o probability_n 1._o that_o many_o prudent_a and_o conscientious_a man_n of_o the_o royal_a party_n as_o well_o divine_n and_o lawyer_n as_o other_o have_v thus_o understand_v it_o who_o we_o presume_v will_v not_o for_o any_o outward_a respect_n in_o the_o world_n have_v take_v it_o if_o they_o have_v conceive_v any_o more_o to_o have_v be_v intend_v in_o it_o 2._o that_o it_o have_v often_o be_v affirm_v both_o public_o and_o private_o in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v either_o common_a fame_n or_o the_o report_n of_o sundry_a credible_a particular_a person_n by_o those_o that_o have_v persuade_v or_o press_v other_o to_o subscribe_v that_o the_o same_o be_v the_o very_a true_a intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o it_o and_o no_o other_o 3._o that_o if_o the_o imposer_n have_v be_v mind_v to_o have_v declare_v a_o intent_n of_o bind_v to_o more_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v frame_v the_o word_n so_o as_o not_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o a_o construction_n bind_v to_o lesle_n 4._o that_o as_o be_v also_o credible_o report_v whilst_o the_o form_n of_o word_n be_v under_o debate_n the_o opinion_n of_o those_o that_o will_v have_v have_v it_o set_v high_o be_v not_o follow_v as_o hold_v unseasonable_a and_o the_o vote_n carry_v for_o the_o more_o moderate_a expression_n wherein_o it_o now_o stand_v 5._o that_o the_o imposer_n intend_v by_o the_o engagement_n to_o secure_v themselves_o especial_o against_o the_o design_n and_o attempt_n of_o those_o man_n who_o they_o know_v well_o enough_o hold_v they_o for_o no_o other_o than_o usurper_n must_v be_v in_o reason_n suppose_v to_o require_v no_o more_o assurance_n of_o they_o by_o the_o engagement_n than_o such_o as_o may_v and_o be_v usual_o
this_o issue_n that_o they_o mutual_o vow_v either_o to_o other_o that_o if_o happy_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v free_v from_o the_o bond_n of_o matrimony_n either_o he_o by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n or_o she_o by_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n that_o party_n so_o free_v shall_v continue_v afterward_o unmarried_a and_o stay_v for_o the_o other_o till_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v free_v also_o though_o it_o be_v during_o life_n now_o so_o it_o be_v that_o this_o gentlewoman_n husband_n die_v and_o her_o affection_n and_o resolution_n so_o alter_v that_o glad_o she_o will_v marry_v if_o she_o may_v be_v release_v of_o the_o engagement_n of_o that_o vow_n or_o persuade_v of_o the_o unlawfulness_n or_o nullity_n thereof_o concern_v the_o present_a case_n as_o it_o be_v propound_v sundry_a point_n be_v needful_a to_o be_v resolve_v that_o so_o we_o give_v a_o right_a judgement_n de_fw-fr praeterito_fw-la of_o what_o be_v already_o do_v for_o the_o time_n past_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o gentlewoman_n former_a promise_n and_o find_v direction_n also_o de_fw-la futuro_fw-la which_o be_v further_o to_o be_v do_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v in_o respect_n of_o her_o present_a distress_n point_n i._n sect._n 1_o first_o of_o all_o it_o be_v considerable_a whether_o the_o promise_v make_v by_o the_o gentlewoman_n and_o her_o friend_n be_v proper_o a_o vow_n or_o no_o so_o it_o be_v call_v in_o the_o proposal_n of_o the_o present_a case_n and_o that_o agreeable_a to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speech_n with_o we_o here_o in_o england_n who_o extend_v the_o word_n vow_v very_o far_o neither_o shall_v i_o make_v scruple_n in_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n sometime_o to_o call_v it_o so_o for_o loquendum_fw-la ut_fw-la vulgus_fw-la but_o to_o speak_v proper_o a_o vow_n be_v a_o word_n of_o a_o narrow_a extent_n than_o a_o promise_n every_o vow_n be_v indeed_o a_o promise_n but_o not_o every_o promise_n necessary_o a_o vow_n 3._o promise_n may_v be_v make_v indifferent_o either_o to_o god_n or_o man_n but_o promise_v make_v to_o man_n be_v no_o vow_n wherefore_o it_o be_v usual_o insert_v into_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o vow_n as_o a_o condition_n ibid._n essential_o requisite_a thereunto_o that_o it_o be_v make_v unâ—o_o god_n alone_o insomuch_o as_o to_o make_v a_o vow_n to_o any_o creature_n be_v interpretative_a to_o exalt_v the_o creature_n into_o the_o place_n of_o god_n and_o so_o to_o make_v it_o a_o idol_n which_o be_v clear_a not_o only_o from_o the_o 76.11_o express_a precept_n of_o god_n and_o the_o constant_a 11.25_o example_n of_o godly_a man_n and_o the_o usual_a 56.11_o phrase_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n in_o the_o scripture_n but_o also_o from_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o learned_a man_n both_o divine_n and_o other_o and_o even_o of_o leg._n heathen_n also_o this_o gentlewoman_n promise_n then_o be_v make_v to_o the_o gentleman_n her_o friend_n alone_o as_o be_v his_o also_o to_o she_o and_o neither_o of_o both_o to_o god_n be_v therefore_o to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o mere_a promise_n but_o no_o vow_n sect._n 2._o if_o for_o more_o confirmation_n thereof_o she_o bind_v herself_o also_o by_o oath_n as_o it_o be_v not_o unlike_a yet_o it_o be_v no_o more_o for_o all_o that_o but_o a_o mere_a promise_n still_o and_o not_o a_o vow_n for_o albeit_o the_o very_a use_v of_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o call_n in_o of_o god_n into_o a_o business_n and_o the_o person_n that_o take_v a_o oath_n do_v thereby_o set_v himself_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o god_n yet_o a_o oath_n call_v he_o in_o only_a to_o be_v offic._n a_o witness_n without_o any_o intent_n to_o make_v he_o a_o party_n to_o the_o business_n whereas_o in_o a_o vow_n he_o be_v make_v a_o party_n and_o not_o only_o a_o witness_n whereunto_o agree_v those_o form_n so_o frequent_a in_o holy_a scripture_n in_o oath_n both_o assertory_n and_o stipulatory_a 2.14_o the_o lord_n be_v witness_n between_o we_o 1.5_o god_n be_v my_o witness_n 1.28_o i_o take_v god_n to_o record_v and_o the_o like_a for_o even_o as_o when_o a_o promise_n be_v make_v unto_o god_n whereunto_o for_o the_o more_o solemnity_n the_o presence_n of_o some_o man_n be_v require_v as_o witness_n such_o a_o promise_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o vow_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o god_n alone_o although_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o man_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o a_o promise_n be_v make_v unto_o some_o man_n whereunto_o for_o the_o more_o assurance_n the_o presence_n of_o god_n be_v require_v as_o a_o witness_n such_o a_o promise_n be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o vow_n because_o it_o be_v make_v unto_o man_n alone_o although_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o god_n sect._n 3_o nay_o further_o if_o the_o gentlewoman_n when_o she_o thus_o engage_v herself_o do_v use_v these_o very_a word_n i_o vow_v to_o god_n or_o word_n to_o that_o effect_n as_o we_o know_v be_v often_o do_v in_o solemn_a promise_n between_o man_n and_o man_n yet_o neither_o be_v that_o sufficient_a to_o make_v it_o proper_o a_o vow_n for_o to_o judge_n right_o when_o question_n be_v make_v concern_v any_o particular_a promise_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o vow_n yea_o or_o no_o we_o be_v not_o to_o be_v guide_v so_o much_o by_o the_o form_n of_o speech_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o change_v impropriety_n and_o many_o defect_n as_o by_o the_o true_a intention_n and_o purpose_n of_o the_o party_n especial_o the_o promiser_n now_o what_o be_v the_o whole_a intent_n and_o purpose_n of_o these_o party_n when_o they_o mutual_o bind_v themselves_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o in_o the_o case_n propound_v be_v lay_v down_o no_o reasonable_a man_n can_v be_v ignorant_a even_o this_o and_o no_o other_o to_o give_v as_o good_a assurance_n as_o they_o can_v devise_v either_o to_o other_o and_o to_o receive_v the_o like_a assurance_n again_o that_o the_o thing_n by_o they_o agree_v on_o and_o promise_v shall_v be_v faithful_o perform_v and_o if_o either_o oath_n or_o protestation_n be_v also_o use_v by_o way_n of_o confirmation_n they_o be_v all_o in_o common_a intendment_n to_o be_v take_v as_o tend_v to_o the_o selfsame_a purpose_n without_o look_v at_o any_o further_a thing_n &_o clear_o where_o the_o promiser_n have_v no_o intention_n to_o bind_v himself_o to_o god_n but_o to_o man_n only_o the_o promise_n so_o make_v be_v no_o vow_n whatsoever_o formality_n of_o word_n may_v be_v use_v in_o the_o make_n of_o it_o sect._n 4._o neither_o be_v the_o examination_n of_o this_o point_n a_o curiosity_n either_o in_o it_o self_n fruitless_a or_o impertinent_a to_o the_o case_n in_o hand_n for_o albeit_o in_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o very_a main_a point_n of_o all_o viz._n the_o power_n of_o bind_v the_o conscience_n there_o be_v no_o material_a difference_n between_o a_o vow_n and_o a_o ordinary_a promise_n a_o lawful_a promise_n no_o less_o bind_v unto_o performance_n than_o a_o lawful_a vow_n and_o a_o unlawful_a vow_n no_o more_o bind_v than_o a_o unlawful_a promise_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o that_o of_o some_o importance_n too_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o relaxation_n of_o that_o bond_n for_o since_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o to_o who_o a_o bond_n be_v make_v to_o grant_v a_o release_n thereof_o it_o belong_v therefore_o to_o god_n alone_o to_o release_v the_o obligation_n of_o a_o vow_n and_o no_o man_n have_v power_n so_o to_o do_v because_o the_o vower_n by_o his_o vow_n bind_v himself_o to_o god_n not_o to_o man_n whereas_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o mere_a promise_n wherein_o the_o promiser_n bind_v himself_o but_o to_o some_o man_n may_v be_v release_v by_o that_o man_n and_o a_o release_n from_o he_o be_v to_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o promiser_n a_o sufficient_a discharge_n from_o the_o say_a obligation_n which_o consideration_n of_o what_o use_v it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o present_a case_n will_v in_o the_o due_a place_n further_o appear_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o have_v evident_o prove_v that_o this_o gentlewoman_n bind_v heâ—_n self_n by_o promise_n only_o and_o not_o by_o vow_n point_n ii_o sect._n 5._o we_o be_v next_o to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o validity_n thereof_o whither_o or_o no_o the_o gentlewoman_n 〈◊〉_d 7.2_o have_v a_o husband_n at_o that_o time_n be_v so_o disable_v in_o that_o respect_n from_o make_v such_o a_o promise_n that_o the_o promise_n then_o make_v by_o she_o without_o the_o husband_n consent_n be_v utter_o void_a from_o the_o very_a beginning_n for_o the_o wife_n be_v under_o 2._o the_o law_n and_o 7.4_o under_o the_o power_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o so_o be_v not_o svi_fw-la juris_fw-la nor_o can_v bind_v heâ—_n self_n by_o vow_n oath_n promise_v or_o otherwise_o without_o the_o