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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54990	A description of the province of New Albion and a direction for adventurers with small stock to get two for one, and good land freely, and for gentlemen, and all servants, labourers, and artificers to live plentifully : and a former description re-printed of the healthiest, pleasantest, and richest plantation of New Albion in north Virginia, proved by thirteen witnesses : together with a letter from Master Robert Evelin, that lived there many years, shewing the particularities, and excellency thereof : with a briefe of the charge of victuall, and necessaries, to transport and buy stock for each planter, or labourer, there to get his master 50 l. per annum, or more in twelve trades, and at 10 l. charges onely a man.	Plantagenet, Beauchamp.; Evelyn, Robert, 17th cent.	1648 (1648)	Wing P2378; ESTC R10729	28,128	32

when the Spaniard and Portugall discovered and possest 140 years since the East-Indies Brasill the South part of America the Charibees and Antell Isles and seated Saint Iohn de porto Rico Hispanicla Iamaica and Cuba and the Fort and Port of Havanah against the Gulf and Current Batuana Isles and point of Florida then that most powerfull and richest King of Europe King Henry the seventh of England sent out an English man born in Bristoll called Cabot granted under his Great Seale to him all places and countries by him to be discovered and possest who then beginning at Cape Florida discovered entred on took possession set up crosses and procured atturnment and acknowledgement of the Indian Kings to his then Majesty as Head Lord and Emperour of the South-west America all along that coast both in Florida from 20 degrees to 35 where old Virginia in 35 and 30 minutes 65 years since was seated by 5 severall Colonies about Croatan Cape Haloraske and Rawleys Isle by Sir Walter Rawley who had from Queen Elizabeth that place and two hundred leagues from it in all places adjoyning Sir Richard Greenfield Sir Ralph Lane and Master White his partners s●ating and fortifying there the said Cabot farther taking possession in 37 of that part called Virginia and Chisapeack Bay being now his Majesties Demesne Colony of Virginia and of the next great Bay in or neer 39 called now by the Dutch Cape Henlopen the south river and by us Cape Iames and Delaware Bay of the Baron of Delawares name being then Governour of Virginia who by Sir Thomas Dale and Sir Samuel Argoll 40 yeares since took possession and atturnment of the Indian Kings and 60 years since Sir Walter Rawley seated and left 30 men and four peeces of Ordnance at the Creek neer Cape Iames by the Dutch called Horekill by us Ro●mont and by the Indians Cui Achomoca and so the next river by us called Hudsons river of the name of Hudson an English man the discoverer thirty five years since who sold his discovery plots and cards to the Dutch and so Cabot discovered severall rivers and countries all along the coast North-East now called New England and divided in nine severall Governments and further discovered Port Royall and that part called New Scotland set up Crosses where you may see in the French Book called New France the French found an old Crosse all mossy in an eminent place at the head of that Bay and Port and discovered all that coast and New-found-land and that called Terra de Laborador or New Britain as far as the frozen strait of Davis Shortly after one Master Hore in the Reign of King Henry the 8●● renued this actuall possession atturnment of the Indian Kings brought home divers of the chief Indian Kings to England who gave their Homage and Oath of fidelity for these countries to King Henry the eight in person sitting on his Throne in State in his Palace Hall at Westminster Then Virginia being granted settled and all that part now called Maryland New Albion and New Scotland being part of Virginia Sir Thomas Dale and Sir Samuel Argoll Captains and Counsellors of Virginia hearing of divers Aliens and Intruders and Traders without licence with a Vessell and forty soldiers landed at a place called Mount Desert in Nova Scotia neer S. Iohns river or Twede possest by the French there killed some French took away their Guns and dismantled the Fort and in their return landed at Manhatas Isle in Hudsons river where they found four houses built and a pretended Dutch Governour under the West-India Company of Amsterdam share or part who kept trading boats and trucking with the Indians but the said Knights told him their Commission was to expell him and all Aliens Intruders on his Majesties Dominion and Territories this being part of Virginia and this river an English discovery of Hudson and English man the Dutch man contented them for their charge and voiage and by his Letter sent to Virginia and recorded submitted himself Company and Plantation to his Majesty and to the Governour and government of Virginia but the next pretended Dutch Governour in Maps and printed Cards calling this part New Netherland failing in paying of customes at his return to Plymouth in England was there with his Bever goods and person attached to his damage of 1500 l. whereupon at the suit of the Governour and Councell of Virginia his now Majesty by his Embassadour in Holland cōplaining of the said Aliens intrusion on such his Territories Dominions the said Lords the States of Holland by their publique instrument declared That they did not avow nor would protect them being a private party of the Amsterdam West-India Company but left them to his Majesties wil mercy whereupon three severall Orders from the Councell Table and Commissions have been granted for the expelling and removing them thence of which they taking notice and knowing their weaknesse and want of victuals have offered to sell the same for 2500 l. And lastly taking advantage of our present war distractions now ask 7000 l. and have lately offered many affronts damages to his Majestis subjects in New England and in generall endanger all his Majesties adjoyning Countries most wickedly feloniously and traiterously contrary to the Marine and Admirall Laws of all Christians sell by whole sale guns powder shot and ammunition to the Indians instructing them in the use of our fights and arms insomuch as 2000 Indians by them armed Mohacks Raritans and some of Long Isle with their own guns so sold them fall into war with the Dutch destroyed all their scattering Farms and Boors in forcing them all to retire to their Up for t 40 leagues up that river and to Manhatas for all or most retreating to Manhatas it is now a pretty town of trade having more English then Dutch and it is very considerable that three years since Stuy their Governour put out his Declaration confessing that the neighbour English might well be offended with their selling Indians arms and ammunition but being but a few and so scattered they could not live else there or trade the Indians refusing to trade or suffer the Dutch to plow without they would sell them guns The like folly they committed and inconvenience to themselves and all English for eight years since in their West-India Fleet battered by the Spanish Armado they brought home forty Swedish poor soldiers and hearing that Captain Young and Master Evelin had given over their Fort begun at Eriwemeck within Delaware Bay there halfe starved and tottered they left them who learning the Indian language and finding much talk and trials of a gold mine there though in truth fifty shillings charges produced of that light sand but nine shillings in gold and therefore was of Captain Young that tried it slighted yet one Bogot under the Swedes name and Commission there traded to crosse the Dutch of Manhatas and to undersell them and left and seated there

eighteen Swedes who proclaiming a gold mine drew more to them and have gotten a great trade and now this last Summer fifteen Swedes and fifteene Dutch had a skirmish the Swedes pulled down a Dutch trading house and doe both undersell them and spoiled much their and English trading with the Indians both striving to please and side with the Indians both entertaining and refusing to return all English fugitives and servants The Swedes hiring out three of their souldiers to the Sasquehannock● have taught them the use of our arms and fights and marching with them into the Kings owne Colony of Virginia have caried thence the King of Pawtomeck prisoner and expelled his and eight other Indian Nations in Maryland civilized and subject to the English Crown Now if a Proclamation of open war be set out against the Dutch and Swedes for this their villany and all English forbid to trade victuall or relieve them they must both vanish especially if those bad English that live adhere and obey these Aliens in these his Majesties countries be warned of the statute of King Iames of famous memory in these words That all Subjects giving any obedience or acknowledgement to any forain Prince State Pope or Potentate within his Majesties Territories and Dominions in England or beyond the sea is a traitor and shall forfeit and suffer as a traitour And certainly all English and chiefly those of New England being ready in twenty four hours will joyn to expel them both to regain their own trade to get their seates and to be rid of the danger of armed gunning Indians CHAP. II. VVHereas that part of America or North Virginia lying about 39 degrees at Delaware Bay called the Province of new Albion is scituate in the best and same temper and as Italy between too cold Germany and too hot Barbary so this lying just midway betweene New England 200 miles North and Virginia 150 miles South where now are settled 800000 English and 140 ships in trade is freed from the extream cold and barrennesse of the one heat and aguish Marshes of the other is like Lumbardy and a rich fat soil plain and having 34 rivers on the main land 17 great Isles partaketh of the healthiest aire and most excellent commodities of Europe and replenished with the goodliest woods of Oaks and all Timber for ships and Masts Mulberries for silk sweet Cypresse Cedars Pines and Firres 4 sorts of Grapes for wine Raisins with the greatest variety of choice fruits fish fowl stored with all sons of corn yeelding 5 7 and 10 quarters an acre Silkgras salt good Mines and Diers ware 5 sorts of Deer Buffes and huge Elks to plow and work all bringing 3 young at once The Uplands covered many moneths with berries roots chestnuts walnuts Beech and Oak Mast to feed them Hogges and Turkeys 500 in a flock and having neer the Colony of Manteses 400000 acres of plain mead land and meer levell to be flowed and fludded by that river for corn rice rapes flax and hemp After 17 years trading and discovery there and triall made is begun to be planted and stored by the Governour and Company of New Albion consisting of forty four Lords Baronets Knights and Merchants who for the true informing of themselves their friends Adventurers and Partners by Residents and Traders there four severall years out of their Journall Books namely by Captaine Browne a Ship-master and Master Stafford his Mate and by Captain Claybourn 14 years there trading and Constantine his Indian there born and bred and by Master Robert Evelin 4 yeares there yet by eight of their hands subscribed and enrolled doe testifie this to be the true state of the Country of the Land and Delaware Bay or Charles River which is further witnessed by Captain Smith and other books of Virginia and by New Englands Prospect new Canaan Captain Powels Map and other descriptions of New England and Virginia Captain Brown Captain Clayborn Robert Evelin Stafford Constantine Stratton Thomas White Richard Buckham Christoph Thomas Edward Monmouth Tenis Palee Edward Rhodes Peter Rixford Master Evelins Letter Good Madam SIr Edmund our noble Governour and Lord Earl Palatine persisting still in his noble purpose to goe on with his plantation in Delaware or Charles river just midway between New England and Virginia where with my Unckle Young I severall years resided hath often informed himselfe both of me and Master S●rat●on as I perceive by the hands subscribed of Edward Monmouth Tenis Palce and as Master Buckham Master White and other Ship-masters and Saylors whose hands I know and it to be true that there lived and traded with me and is sufficiently instructed of the state of the country and people there and I should very gladly according to his desire have waited on you into Hamshire to have informed your Honour in person had not I next weeke been passing to Virginia But neverthelesse to satisfie you of the truth I thought good to write unto you my knowledge and first to describe you from the North side of Delaware unto Hudsons river in Sir Edmunds Patent called new Albion which lieth just between New England and Maryland and that Ocean sea I take it to be about 160 miles I finde some broken land Isles and Inlets and many small Isles at Egbay But going to Delaware Bay by Cape May which is 24 miles at most and is as I understand very well set out and printed in Captain Powels Map of New England done as is told mee by a draught I gave to M. Daniel the plot-maker which Sir Edmund saith you have at home on that North side about five miles within a port or rode for any ships called the Nook and within it lieth the King of Kechemeches having as I suppose about 50 men and 12 leagues higher a little above the Bay and Bar is the river of Manteses which hath 20 miles on Charles river and 30 miles running up a fair navigable deep river all a flat levell of rich and fat black Marsh mould which I think to be 300000 acres In this Sir Edmund intendeth as he saith to settle and there the King of Manteses hath about 100 Bow-men next above about 6 leagues higher is a fair deep river 12 miles navigable where is Freestone and there over against is the King of Sikonesses and next is Asomo●ches river and King with an hundred men and next is Eriwoneck a King of forty men where we sate down and five miles above is the King of Ramcock with a hundred men and four miles higher the King of Axion with two hundred men and next to him tenne leagues overland an inland King of Calcesar with an hundred fifty men then there is in the midle of Charles river two fair woody Isles very pleasant and fit for Parks the one of a thousand acres the other of fourteen hundred or thereabout And six leagues higher neer a Creek called Mosilian the King having two hundred men And

Honour For an Earl by his Charter carrieth his Honour with him in all places and that is his true name as above is adjudged and is not to be sued or sue is adjudged without it and so the nine learned Civilians and Serjeants have certified and Nova Scotia is so annexed to Scotland Adam de Valentia and Marshall Earle Palatines of Pembroke by Conquest in the kingdome or Principality of Wales then out of England was a Peer to the English Parliament and so the three Irish Conquerours Palatines recited and how absurd a conceit it is that our Earl Palatine in Albion and he of Pembroke in Wales and the rest having all Regalities and Powers Lordship Honour and Titles and power to give Honours and make Barons coming out of their Countries into England should here bee un-Lorded and debased unto Esquires without Lordship Honour or Precedency And note all these and Earl Fitz Allen in his locall Earldome of Arundel by Writ being called to Parliament is not there by an Earl for to be called by Writ is onely to be a Lord or Baron and so the Earle of Arundels Title and Precedency was adjudged him after long debate by Parliament To conclude the Earl Palatines of Chester and Pembroke and Montgomery or de Belesmo in Shropshire were the greatest Princes of England and by their Conquests and so in Ireland by their Hazard and Conquests that kingdome and Wales is gotten to this Crown And so the now Lord five Proprietors that now conquer on Indians and convert Pagans and civilize them and bring them to the obedience of our Soveraign and at their own charges have made an entrance and sure way with the other Colonies of America to make our Soveraign an Emperour of America having now neer two hundred thousand to defend his Empire and therefore deserve all Honour and Encouragement amongst which our Earl Palatine having adventured in person seven years with so much hazard and charges is chiefly to be advanced and honoured according to his worth Now for the pedegree and ancient Family of our Earl Palatine of 1200 years descent being in England and borders of Wales I finde onely a letter in the name changed in each Age and Conquest or change of Nation for in Henry of Huntingdon and William of Malmsbury his Chronicles of all the Saxon Princes that here arrived and seated and conquered the Britains this family descending of a daughter came with those Princes into Britany and I find that in lower Saxony neer Hamboro and Holstein a member of the Empire and in all Maps there is still in that harsh language Ployen a wall'd City by a lake and Plowen a walled Castle of Count Plowen a Count of the sacred Empire in Grimstons and other Histories mentioned Now the Welch make and turn the vowel u into i or y as from Brutus to Britons so Plowden to Ployden as all Maps write it In Deeds and the Bishop of Herefords Records I find Anno Domini 904. an Exchange pro decem manlis vocat Ploydanes place super quas Episcopus aedificaturus est Castrum called Bishops Castle in which Town the Ploydens have much lands and tenements having Ployden Manor Ployden Hall Longvili Castle and thirteen Townes about it to this day and at the coming in of H. the seventh were Commanders of that country and Constables or Chastellains of that Fort of Bishops Castle now Ployden and Ployden is all one Forest of Danes for Denc the Norman pronuntiation which name of Ployden signifieth kill Dane or wound Dane and Pleyden by Ry in Sussex was of this house and signifieth in French hurt Dane and this Pleyden sent his sons and conquered in Normandy where are five families yet and the heir of Pleyden wanting issue made it an Hospitall now held by the Earle of Thanet Lord Toston So Plowen Ployen Ploydane Ployden Plowden and Pleyden is all one for the change of time and severall Nations pronunciation Saxons Danes English Welch and Normans And note to this day an Esquire in France of 300 yeares standing of Coat Armor shall take place and precedency of any Earle Vicount or Baron which is not so ancient of Coat Armor they not allowing the King by new creations to bar their inheritance and precedency And for their greatnesse and pedegree I finde Ployden maried the daughter of John de Monte Gomerico now called Mount Gomery Earl of Salopshire in William the Conquerours reign and in Edward the thirds time maried the daughter of that great and rich Knight Burley Conquerour in France Humphrey Ployden in H. the sevenths time maried the daughter and heir Stury of Stury Hall daughter of Corbet of Morton Corbet by whom the Lacons Laytons Bromlees Purcelswollascot of Wollascot and the two Baronets Lee and Corbet Knights for the County of Salop to this Parliament are of his kindred And of the daughters of Iohn Ployden Lord Blany of Ireland and of the other daughter maried to Hardwick grandmother to that great Thin of Clause Castle the third daughter maried to Walcot of Walcot Close to Ployden yet men of great possessions the Countesse of Bristoll being a Walcot and so her sons the Lord Digby and Sir Lewis Dives and Vicountesse Chichester or Belfast and the other Ladies her daughters are descended and are his kindred Our Earl Palatines mother being sister of Sir Richard Fermor of Somerton and cousen of Sir George and Sir Hatton Fermor descended of the Knightlies and so the Lord Vicount Say and Seal the Countesse of Thomond a Fermor and her children and Vicount Wenman marying Sir Hatton Fermors children the Baronesse of Aborgenny and her sister maried to Baronet Gage are his Neeces his mother the Lady Penel●pe daughter to the Lord Darcy Vicount Colchester Earl River● but his branches for three last descents are so many and at least fifty Baronets Knights Esquires of 1000 l. per annum at least and their numerous issue but for heirs males of the name his first is Ployden of Wansteed Ployden of Shipplacke Ployden of Askon Ployden of Ployden and Ployden of Lee and Doctor Ployden late of Lambeth And for his now wife Countesse Palatine daughter and heir to two worthy families Neece of Sir George and Sir Hambden Paulet deceased in that pedegree 300 from the Marquesse of Winchester Lord high Treasurer of England are allied All which I have more fully published that all of his kindred may any ways poor or oppressed the sooner be preferred advanced and transplanted to this most rich and pleasant Province and to great possessions and honours there as great Strongbow did 1200 of his to Wexford and Lemster in Ireland CHAP. II. NOW for the full and ample satisfaction of the Reader of his Majesties just title power to grant enjoy possesse these countries as well against Aliens as Indians which this forty years hath not been by print declared You may read at large Master Hacluits Voyages and Discoveries Master Purchas and Captain Smiths for

then we come to the Fals made by a rock of lime-stone as I suppose it is about sixty and five leagues from the sea near to which is an Isle fit for a City all materials there to build and above the river fair and navigable as the Indians inform me for I went but ten miles higher I doe account all the Indians to be eight hundred and are in severall factions and war against the Sasquehannocks and are all extream fearfull of a gun naked and unarmed against our shot swords and pikes I had some bickering with some of them and they are of so little esteem as I durst with fifteen men sit down or trade in despight of them and since my return eighteene Swedes are settled there and so sometime sixe Dutch doe in a boat trade without fear of them I saw there an infinite quantity of Bustards Swans Geese and Fowl covering the shoares as within the like multitude of Pigeons and store of Turkies of which I tried one to weigh forty and sixe pounds There is much variety and plenty of delicate fresh and sea-fish and shell-fish and Whales or Grampus Elks Deere that bring three young at a time and the woods bestrewed many moneths with Chest-nuts Wall-nuts Mast of severall sorts to feed them and Hogs that would increase exceedingly There the barren grounds have four kindes of Grapes and many Mulberries with Ash Elms and the tallest and greatest Pines and Pitch-trees that I have seen There are Cedars Cypresse and Saffafras with wilde fruits pears wilde cherries pine-apples and the dainty Parsemenas And there is no question but Almonds and other fruits of Spain will prosper as in Virginia And which is a good comfort in four and twenty houres you may send or goe by sea to New England or Virginia with a fair winde you may have cattle and from the Indians two thousand barrels of corn at twelve pence a bushell in truck so as victuals are there cheaper and better then to be transported Neither doe I conceive any great need of a Fort or Charge where there is no enemy If my Lord Palatine will bring with him three hundred men or more there is no doubt but that he may doe very well and grow rich for it is a most pure healthfull air such pure wholesome springs rivers and waters as are delightfull of a Desert as can be seen with so many varieties of severall flowers trees and forests for swine So many fair risings and prospects all green and verdant and Maryland a good friend and neighbour in four twenty houres ready to comfort and supply And truly I beleeve my Lord of Baltamore wil be glad of my Lord Palatines Plantation and assistance against any enemy or bad neighbour And if my Lord Palatine employ some men to sow flaxe hemp and rapes in those rich Marishes or build ships and make pipe-staves and load some ships with these wares or fish from the Northward he may have any money ware or company brought him by his own ships or the ships of Virginia or New England all the year And because your Honour is of the noble house of the Pawlets and as I am informed desire to lead many of your friends kindred thither whom as I honour I desire to serve I shall intreat you to beleeve mee as a Gentleman and Christian I write you nothing but the truth and hope there to take opportunity in due season to visit you and doe all the good offices in Virginia my place or friends can serve you in And thus tendring my service I rest Madam Your Honours most humble faithfull servant Robert Evelin CHAP. IV. NOw since Master Elmes letter and seven years discoveries of the Lord Governour in person and by honest traders with the Indians wee finde beside the Indian Kings by him known and printed in this Province there is in all twenty three Indian Kings or chief Commanders and besides the number of 800 by him named there is at least 1200 under the two Raritan Kings on the North side next to Hudsons river and those come down to the Ocean about little Egbay and Sandy Barnogate and about the South cape two small Kings of forty men a piece called Tirans and Tiascons and a third reduced to fourteen men at Roymont the Sasquehannocks are not now of the Naturals left above 110 though with their forced Auxiliaries the Ihon a Does and Wicomeses they can make 250 these together are counted valiant terrible to other cowardly dul Indians wch they beat with the sight of guns only but in truth meeting with English are the basest cowards of all though cunning and subtile to intrap and surprise on all straits coverts reeds and ambushes for at the last Maryland March against them these 250 having surprised in the reeds and killed five English men with the losse of one of theirs Captain Cornwallis that noble right valiant and politick soldier losing but one man more killed with fifty five of his and but raw and tired Marylanders twenty nine Indians as they confessed though compassed round with two hundred and fifty and Summer was twelve moneth Captain Lewis of Maryland at the Coves drawing but twenty men out of his winde bound Sloupes and in two small Cocke-boates much distant finding twenty four Canoes and therein an hundred and forty Sasquehannocks reduced by these three Swedes into a half moon with intent to encompasse the first small boat before the second could reach the former at the first volley of ten sho● and losse of one Indian they run all away for note generally twelve English with five foot Calivers shoot thirty pellets or dagge shot and fifty yards distance and the naked Indian shooteth but one arrow and but thirty yards distance so as his Lordship knoweth well with such a squadron of twelve or thirteen mark-men to encounter three hundred and to bring by the lock the proudest Sagamoore to bee ransomed for any Trespasse and not to suffer any Indian or trader without his Lordships badge or stamped livery worn to come within twenty miles of his Plantation or ten miles of their Cattle as in all the out-skirts of Virginia is used but to kill them Insomuch as the Emperour Nicotowance saying was my countrymen tell me I am a lier when I tell them the English men will kill you if you goe into their bounds but valiant Captain Freeman made him no lier when lately he killed three Indians so without badge incroaching And therfore fair and far off is best with Heathen Indians and fit it is to reduce all their trading to five Ports or Pallisadoed trucking houses and to kill all straglers and such spies without ransome Then shall christians and their cattle be safe and quiet and severely putting to death all that sell the Indians guns arms and ammunition then Indians are sooner ruled civilized and subjected as in New England is daily seen In Long Isle are about four Kings and eight hundred Bow-men most