any_o public_a act_n of_o recognise_v a_o king_n title_n of_o justice_n or_o of_o election_n of_o person_n to_o any_o office_n i_o shall_v not_o scruple_n to_o call_v such_o a_o assembly_n a_o council_n and_o if_o it_o it_o be_v general_n a_o great_a or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o lanfranc_n i_o conceive_v be_v in_o this_o king_n reign_n choose_v to_o be_v metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n in_o such_o a_o council_n it_o be_v indeed_o in_o curiâ_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o gervacius_n and_o the_o author_n of_o antiquitates_fw-la britannicae_n show_v but_o not_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n for_o it_o be_v on_o our_o lady-day_n cant._n which_o be_v not_o the_o time_n of_o such_o curia_n antiq._n and_o the_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la angliae_fw-la more_o than_o the_o king_n tenant_n and_o officer_n there_o confirm_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o seniores_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la 194._o that_o be_v of_o canterbury_z in_o the_o four_o of_o this_o king_n the_o controversy_n between_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o worcester_n be_v determine_v at_o petreda_n before_o the_o king_n archbishop_n lanfranc_n the_o bishop_n abbot_n earl_n et_fw-la primatibus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la this_o mr._n selden_n right_o call_v a_o parliament_n 453._o which_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v gather_v from_o the_o large_a and_o comprehensive_a signification_n of_o primate_fw-la that_o general_n summon_v the_o same_o year_n to_o have_v a_o account_n of_o the_o law_n 138._o look_v as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o a_o parliament_n to_o which_o a_o representation_n of_o twelve_o for_o every_o country_n be_v agree_v on_o but_o appear_v not_o to_o have_v be_v special_o direct_v be_v that_o as_o it_o will_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o full_a representative_a or_o meet_v in_o a_o entire_a body_n because_o it_o be_v not_o to_o lay_v any_o new_a obligation_n upon_o they_o but_o be_v a_o enquest_n of_o the_o several_a county_n to_o present_v their_o old_a law_n 171._o but_o when_o he_o seem_v incline_v to_o make_v the_o custom_n of_o some_o few_o county_n the_o rule_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n ad_fw-la preces_fw-la communitatis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la he_o leave_v to_o every_o county_n its_o old_a custom_n in_o the_o seventeen_o of_o this_o king_n 1._o convocavit_fw-la rex_fw-la multitudinem_fw-la nobilium_fw-la angliae_fw-la 1653._o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n say_v gervace_n of_o dover_n 255._o this_o be_v about_o ecclesiastical_a affair_n concern_v the_o bring_v regular_a monk_n into_o monastery_n and_o a_o old_a monk_n tell_v of_o the_o charter_n or_o law_n then_o agree_v on_o haec_fw-la charta_fw-la confirmata_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n in_o concilio_fw-la meo_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la xviii_o praesentibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la meis_fw-la anongm_n where_o barones_n mei_fw-la mus_fw-la either_o be_v mean_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o whole_a nobility_n of_o england_n 44._o which_o be_v all_o the_o king_n man_n though_o not_o his_o feudal_n especial_o immediate_a tenant_n before_o who_o the_o test_n of_o charter_n use_v to_o be_v as_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n the_o earl_n only_o subscribe_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o rest_n or_o it_o may_v be_v only_o his_o tenant_n in_o chief_a subscribe_v as_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o eighteen_o the_o king_n impeache_n his_o brother_n odo_n for_o his_o extortion_n 1._o this_o be_v at_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n 647._o in_o insulâ_fw-la vectâ_fw-la ei_fw-la obviavit_fw-la ibi_fw-la in_o mirum_fw-la congregatis_fw-la in_o aulâ_fw-la regali_fw-la primoribus_fw-la regni_fw-la this_o be_v matter_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n and_o though_o primores_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v name_v yet_o it_o may_v have_v be_v only_o such_o of_o they_o as_o attend_v on_o his_o war_n or_o in_o his_o court_n and_o it_o be_v not_o probable_a that_o be_v abroad_o all_o the_o primores_fw-la angliae_fw-la be_v summon_v to_o this_o in_o the_o nineteen_o of_o his_o reign_n 1._o i_o take_v it_o that_o he_o hold_v bare_o his_o curia_n at_o gloucester_n for_o it_o be_v a_o military_a council_n except_o that_o his_o judge_n great_a officer_n and_o constant_a attendant_n be_v part_n of_o it_o partem_fw-la exercitus_fw-la svi_fw-la remisit_fw-la 213._o partem_fw-la secum_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la hyemem_fw-la retinuit_fw-la et_fw-la in_o nativitate_fw-la domini_fw-la glavorniae_fw-la curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la tenuit_fw-la &_o at_o this_o court_n i_o find_v only_o some_o ecclesiastical_a preferment_n dispose_v of_o to_o three_o of_o his_o chaplain_n which_o require_v no_o solemn_a consult_v but_o his_o law_n pass_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la parl._n semel_fw-la atque_fw-la iterum_fw-la ait_fw-la se_fw-la concessisse_fw-la etc._n etc._n per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o his_o leges_fw-la episcopales_fw-la ecclesiastical_a law_n be_v establish_v 168._o de_fw-fr communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la arch._n episc_n abb._n et_fw-la omnium_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la for_o william_n the_o second_o whereas_o a_o great_a antiquary_n will_v not_o say_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o solemn_a convention_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o common_a or_o general_a council_n in_o his_o time_n it_o be_v manifest_a there_o be_v and_o we_o may_v find_v the_o mark_n of_o distinction_n between_o his_o ordinary_a curia_n &_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n 983._o he_o be_v crown_v convocatis_fw-la terrae_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la say_v bromton_n volentibus_fw-la animus_fw-la provincialium_fw-la malm_n that_o be_v 120._o the_o whole_a kingdom_n agree_v or_o the_o major_a part_n indeed_o it_o seem_v the_o norman_n be_v for_o duke_n robert_n but_o the_o english_a be_v not_o so_o waste_v as_o some_o imagine_v 215._o but_o that_o they_o carry_v it_o angli_fw-la tamen_fw-la fideliter_fw-la ei_fw-la juvabant_fw-la as_o simeon_n of_o durham_n show_v 461._o and_o hoveden_n out_o of_o he_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o hold_v a_o curia_n on_o christmas_n at_o london_n 1088._o but_o it_o be_v more_o than_o a_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_fw-it for_o there_o be_v justiciarii_fw-la ac_fw-la principes_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la 983._o in_o the_o three_o 2._o turmas_fw-la optimatum_fw-la accivit_fw-la &_o guentoniae_fw-la congregavit_fw-la he_o call_v together_o the_o troop_n or_o army_n of_o noble_n barones_n aloquitur_fw-la inveigh_v against_o his_o brother_n robert_n and_o persuade_v they_o to_o a_o war_n 680._o &_o ut_fw-la consilium_fw-la inirent_fw-la quid_fw-la sit_fw-la agendum_fw-la jussit_fw-la bid_v they_o consider_v or_o advise_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v his_o dictis_fw-la omnes_fw-la assenssum_fw-la dederunt_fw-la 2._o all_o consent_v to_o a_o war._n the_o king_n be_v very_o ill_o omnes_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la principes_fw-la coeunt_fw-la 16._o episcopi_fw-la abbates_n &_o quique_fw-la nobiles_fw-la promittuntur_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la bonae_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la leges_fw-la here_o the_o prince_n and_o noble_n reach_v to_o omnis_fw-la populus_fw-la here_o anselm_n be_v name_v archbishop_n by_o the_o king_n &_o concordi_fw-la voce_fw-la sequitur_fw-la acclamatio_fw-la omnium_fw-la the_o noise_n and_o public_a acclamation_n witness_v the_o people_n consent_n 3._o and_o this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v secundum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la electionem_fw-la or_o as_o another_o author_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o rogatu_fw-la principum_fw-la suorum_fw-la cleri_fw-la quoque_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la petition_n et_fw-la electione_n the_o king_n be_v upon_o leave_v england_n 2._o to_o settle_v his_o affair_n in_o normandy_n exit_fw-la praecepto_fw-la regis_fw-la omnes_fw-la ferè_fw-la episc_n unà _fw-la cum_fw-la principibus_fw-la angl._n ad_fw-la hastings_n convenerunt_fw-la here_o anselm_n press_v that_o there_o may_v be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la 25._o but_o go_v from_o the_o curia_fw-la the_o great_a council_n dissatisfy_v anselm_n have_v propound_v a_o question_n to_o be_v discuss_v in_o council_n utrum_fw-la saluâ_fw-la reverentiâ_fw-la et_fw-la obedientiâ_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la possit_fw-la fidem_fw-la terreno_fw-la regi_fw-la seruare_fw-la anon_o 26._o exit_fw-la regiâ_fw-la sanctione_n fermè_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la quinto_fw-la id._n 2._o martii_fw-la pro_fw-la ventilatione_fw-la istius_fw-la causae_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la apud_fw-la rochingham_n coit_fw-fr fit_a itaque_fw-la conventus_fw-la omnium_fw-la 27._o this_o be_v call_v curia_n but_o can_v not_o be_v the_o court_n of_o tenant_n and_o officer_n only_o anselm_n harangue_n the_o assembly_n in_o medio_fw-la procerum_fw-la et_fw-la conglobatae_fw-la multitudinis_fw-la sedens_fw-la 28._o the_o other_o bishop_n be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o assembly_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n the_o prolocutor_n they_o tell_v he_o they_o will_v have_v he_o obey_v his_o prince_n upon_o this_o he_o appeal_v to_o rome_n 29._o miles_n unus_n a_o good_a honest_a freeholder_n step_v out_o of_o the_o throng_n de_fw-fr multitudine_fw-la prodiens_fw-la and_o with_o great_a devotion_n set_v before_o his_o holy_a father_n the_o example_n of_o job_n patience_n upon_o this_o the_o prelate_n hug_v himself_o in_o the_o opinion_n that_o the_o populus_fw-la the_o populacy_n be_v
to_o portsmouth_n they_o which_o be_v summon_v to_o the_o last_o be_v specify_v under_o the_o denomination_n of_o comites_fw-la barones_n &_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la militare_fw-la servitium_n ei_fw-la debebant_fw-la this_o be_v to_o have_v they_o pass_v the_o sea_n with_o he_o and_o they_o that_o stay_v at_o home_n give_v he_o escuage_z veniente_fw-la autem_fw-la die_fw-la statuto_fw-la multi_fw-la impetratâ_fw-la licentiâ_fw-la daunt_v regi_fw-la de_fw-la quolibet_fw-la scuto_fw-la dvas_fw-la marcas_fw-la argenti_n here_o be_v a_o military_a council_n and_o a_o military_a aid_n give_v they_o that_o be_v with_o he_o at_o dover_n be_v not_o particular_o describe_v by_o matthew_n paris_n but_o he_o tell_v we_o convenerunt_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o pandulphus_fw-la cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la apud_fw-la domum_fw-la militum_fw-la templi_fw-la juxta_fw-la doveram_fw-la 15._o die_v maii_n par._n ubi_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la juxta_fw-la quod_fw-la romae_fw-la fierat_fw-la sententiatum_fw-la resignavit_fw-la coronam_fw-la svam_fw-la cum_fw-la regnis_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o be_v communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la knyghton_n as_o matt._n paris_n and_o knyghton_n render_v the_o charter_n as_o matt._n westminster_n ad_fw-la optimum_fw-la consilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la 271._o the_o last_o give_v we_o the_o form_n of_o the_o summons_n which_o show_v who_o be_v the_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la here_o the_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la mention_v in_o matt._n paris_n omnes_fw-la suae_fw-la ditionis_fw-la homines_fw-la 271._o viz._n deuce_n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n milites_fw-la &_o servientes_fw-la cum_fw-la equis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la so_o that_o here_o be_v a_o military_a summons_n to_o they_o that_o ought_v to_o come_v because_o of_o service_n which_o be_v explain_v by_o the_o summons_n to_o dover_n which_o be_v to_o omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la militare_fw-la servitium_fw-la ei_fw-la debebant_fw-la if_o he_o think_v all_o be_v bind_v to_o that_o service_n and_o summon_v all_o still_o the_o parliament_n judgement_n satisfy_v we_o either_o that_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o oblige_v and_o therefore_o come_v not_o or_o if_o they_o come_v as_o they_o often_o do_v in_o hen._n 3._o time_n upon_o the_o like_a summons_n as_o appear_v by_o many_o record_n of_o that_o age_n that_o the_o king_n tenant_n only_o assent_v to_o the_o resignation_n either_o way_n it_o resolve_v into_o this_o that_o a_o council_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n be_v not_o a_o council_n that_o can_v lay_v any_o obligation_n upon_o or_o pretend_v to_o a_o representation_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n indeed_o i_o meet_v with_o a_o ms._n write_v i_o suppose_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 6._o above_o two_o hundred_o year_n past_a the_o author_n of_o which_o be_v induce_v by_o all_o the_o record_n or_o history_n which_o have_v then_o appear_v to_o he_o to_o believe_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v of_o universal_a obligation_n even_o in_o king_n john_n time_n but_o what_o be_v assent_v to_o as_o universal_o as_o law_n be_v when_o he_o write_v give_v we_o king_n john_n charter_n of_o resignation_n in_o a_o very_a full_a and_o complete_a form_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v per_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la procerum_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n prior._n comitat._n defunct_a baronum_fw-la militum_fw-la liberorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la fidelium_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la whereby_o if_o his_o authority_n can_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o the_o great_a council_n he_o will_v remove_v the_o objection_n that_o have_v be_v long_o before_o make_v which_o be_v that_o this_o resignation_n make_v in_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n be_v not_o in_o a_o legal_a representative_a of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o seem_v that_o both_o the_o parliament_n and_o this_o author_n be_v then_o satisfy_v that_o the_o king_n be_v feudal_n peer_n or_o tenant_n in_o chief_n can_v not_o make_v a_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o a_o full_a parliament_n in_o king_n john_n time_n beside_o it_o be_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n that_o if_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o this_o time_n than_o all_o the_o abbot_n prior_n and_o other_o dignify_v clergy_n who_o hold_v not_o of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a and_o yet_o be_v very_o numerous_a together_o with_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n be_v entire_o exclude_v from_o and_o never_o admit_v to_o this_o common_a council_n any_o more_o than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o laity_n from_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o forty_o nine_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v enough_o in_o the_o negative_a that_o the_o king_n tenant_n can_v not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o charter_n make_v the_o common_a or_o general_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o make_v the_o common_a or_o ordinary_a council_n for_o matter_n of_o tenure_n or_o ordinary_a justice_n i_o shall_v not_o oppose_v it_o in_o which_o sense_n they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la but_o that_o sense_n can_v be_v here_o intend_v because_o the_o word_n be_v commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_o no_o more_o than_o a_o common_a council_n for_o the_o assess_n of_o aid_n and_o escuage_z and_o if_o i_o show_v that_o the_o aid_n and_o escuage_z concern_v the_o king_n tenant_n only_o than_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n dwindle_n into_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o king_n tenant_n for_o matter_n concern_v their_o tenure_n if_o no_o instance_n can_v be_v show_v from_o record_n or_o history_n of_o auxilia_fw-la or_o aid_n raise_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n without_o more_o general_a consent_n except_o such_o as_o be_v raise_v of_o his_o immediate_a tenant_n and_o those_o case_n wherein_o the_o king_n here_o reserve_v to_o himself_o a_o power_n of_o charge_v with_o aid_n or_o escuage_z without_o consent_n of_o a_o common_a council_n concern_v his_o tenant_n only_o and_o more_o than_o those_o tenant_n be_v party_n or_o privy_n to_o this_o charter_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o other_o case_n wherein_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o common_a council_n be_v requisite_a concern_v tenant_n only_o since_o only_o their_o consent_n be_v require_v and_o they_o only_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o this_o clause_n of_o the_o charter_n that_o two_o of_o the_o three_o above_o mention_v viz._n aid_v to_o make_v the_o elder_a son_n a_o knight_n and_o to_o marry_v the_o elder_a daughter_n be_v incident_a to_o tenure_n appear_v by_o the_o stat._n west_n 1._o cap._n 36._o which_o ascertain_v the_o aid_n which_o before_o as_o that_o declare_v be_v not_o reasonable_a and_o show_v upon_o who_o it_o lay_v viz._n tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o socage_n tenant_n and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o if_o the_o king_n may_v by_o law_n have_v require_v aid_n in_o those_o two_o case_n he_o may_v have_v do_v it_o in_o the_o three_o for_o the_o redemption_n of_o his_o own_o body_n which_o be_v a_o service_n a_o king_n of_o england_n especial_o after_o the_o loss_n of_o normandy_n which_o often_o occasion_v the_o expose_v their_o sacred_a person_n charter_n so_o little_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o and_o be_v likely_a so_o rare_o to_o happen_v that_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o redress_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n any_o grievance_n arise_v from_o thence_o though_o the_o statute_n here_o speak_v of_o be_v only_o in_o the_o affirmative_a what_o tenant_n by_o these_o service_n shall_v pay_v yet_o this_o have_v be_v take_v to_o be_v pregnant_a with_o a_o negative_a as_o to_o all_o other_o not_o mention_v so_o 11_o hen._n 4._o fol._n 32._o nul_fw-fr grand_fw-fr sergeanty_n ne_fw-fr nul_fw-fr auter_n tenure_n mes_fw-fr seulement_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr queux_fw-fr teigne_v in_o chivalry_n &_o en_fw-fr socage_n ne_fw-fr paieront_fw-fr aid_n a_o file_n merry_a pour_n ceo_fw-la stat._n de_fw-fr west_n 1._o cap._n 36._o voet_n que_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr deux_fw-fr tenor_n serroint_v charge_n &_o ne_fw-fr parle_fw-fr de_fw-fr auter_n tenor_n that_o be_v none_o but_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n and_o socage_n be_v liable_a to_o these_o auxilia_fw-la but_o over_o and_o above_o these_o incident_n whether_o with_o consent_n of_o tenant_n or_o advice_n of_o other_o council_n or_o mere_o of_o their_o arbitrary_a motion_n king_n use_v to_o raise_v money_n upon_o their_o tenant_n and_o these_o be_v call_v auxilia_fw-la which_o be_v the_o word_n use_v in_o this_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n the_o leavy_z upon_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n be_v call_v escuage_z because_o of_o their_o servitium_n scuti_fw-la service_n of_o the_o shield_n that_o upon_o tenant_n of_o their_o demesn_n in_o common_a socage_n tallage_n which_o be_v a_o word_n that_o may_v be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n as_o it_o signify_v a_o cut_n
numerositate_fw-la cuncti_fw-la majores_fw-la adunati_fw-la 105._o and_o regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la all_o at_o several_a time_n at_o the_o curia_fw-la de_fw-fr more_n at_o other_o time_n we_o have_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la gentis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 54._o clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la congregatus_fw-la the_o same_o call_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la 53._o regni_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la sua_fw-la sanctione_n adunatâ_fw-la 1129._o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la magnum_fw-la placitum_fw-la apud_fw-la northamtune_n congregatis_fw-la 1131._o omnibus_fw-la principibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la 1._o that_o be_v 384._o baronibus_fw-la that_o be_v clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la though_o it_o be_v a_o pleasure_n to_o dwell_v upon_o this_o king_n reign_n yet_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o insist_v upon_o further_a proof_n that_o his_o council_n consist_v of_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o great_a officer_n 1135._o king_n stephen_n be_v elect_v king_n 312._o a_o primoribus_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la favore_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n 258._o clericorum_fw-la &_o laicorum_fw-la universitate_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la viz._n tam_fw-la presul_n quam_fw-la com._n &_o baron_n 71._o stephanus_n his_o et_fw-la aliis_fw-la modis_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la confirmatus_fw-la 314._o episcopos_fw-la et_fw-la proceres_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la regali_fw-la edicto_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la convenire_fw-la praecipit_fw-la cum_fw-la quibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la generale_fw-mi conciliam_fw-la celebravit_fw-la this_o to_o be_v sure_o be_v more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a curia_n the_o eight_o of_o july_n two_o year_n after_o a_o council_n be_v hold_v at_o oxford_n step._n which_o break_v not_o up_o till_o september_n follow_v this_o be_v conventus_fw-la magnatum_fw-la be_v not_o on_o the_o ordinary_a court_n day_n 183._o yet_o perhaps_o be_v not_o a_o great_a general_n council_n it_o be_v only_o for_o matter_n of_o ordinary_a justice_n some_o of_o the_o laity_n have_v complain_v of_o two_o potent_a bishop_n that_o fortify_v their_o castle_n as_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o rule_v over_o they_o by_o the_o temporal_a as_o well_o as_o spiritual_a sword_n and_o have_v make_v a_o catholic_n interpretation_n of_o st._n peter_n ecce_fw-la duo_o gladii_fw-la it_o seem_v the_o bishop_n plea_n be_v that_o this_o be_v no_o ecclesiastical_a synod_n that_o be_v in_o the_o true_a sense_n not_o assemble_v for_o ecclesiastical_a but_o for_o civil_a matter_n but_o in_o their_o sense_n that_o they_o will_v be_v try_v by_o the_o canon_n and_o canonical_a person_n the_o debate_n be_v put_v off_o to_o be_v determine_v in_o a_o general_n council_n appoint_v to_o be_v at_o winchester_n here_o the_o clergy_n set_v up_o for_o themselves_o &_o have_v the_o pope_n legate_n think_v themselves_o a_o body_n sufficient_o entire_a without_o that_o other_o part_n of_o the_o clerus_fw-la god_n inheritance_n which_o use_v to_o make_v up_o eventhese_fw-mi assembly_n with_o much_o ado_n they_o first_o let_v in_o the_o nobility_n proprietor_n of_o land_n 189._o omnes_fw-la barones_n in_fw-la eorum_fw-la communionem_fw-la jamdudum_fw-la recepti_fw-la they_o have_v not_o sit_v four_o day_n but_o the_o londoners-citizen_n demand_v to_o be_v admit_v among_o they_o as_o citizen_n or_o trader_n they_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o nobility_n it_o be_v a_o disparagement_n for_o the_o son_n of_o a_o noble_a man_n a_o freeholder_n to_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o trader_n 80._o and_o this_o our_o constitution_n agree_v with_o that_o of_o poland_n where_o mercator_n and_o nobilis_fw-la be_v always_o contradistinct_a and_o there_o be_v a_o remarkable_a clause_n in_o one_o of_o their_o statute_n polonici_fw-la nobiles_fw-la appellandos_fw-la censemus_fw-la qui_fw-la licèt_fw-la matre_fw-la populari_fw-la patre_fw-la tamen_fw-la nobili_fw-la sunt_fw-la procreati_fw-la quorum_fw-la tamen_fw-la parent_n &_o ipsimet_fw-la vivre_fw-fr &_o vixerint_fw-la ad_fw-la instar_fw-la aliorum_fw-la nobilium_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la &_o non_fw-la exercuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la exerceant_fw-la eas_fw-la art_n &_o actiones_fw-la quas_fw-la communiter_fw-la cives_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la in_o civitatibus_fw-la morantur_fw-la exercere_fw-la solent_fw-la per_fw-la contrarium_fw-la enim_fw-la usum_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la ipsa_fw-la in_o popularem_fw-la &_o plebeiam_fw-la conditionem_fw-la transire_fw-la solet_fw-la and_o with_o they_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n which_o be_v sicut_fw-la proceres_fw-la send_v deputy_n whereas_o the_o possessionati_n the_o noble_n come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n in_o person_n there_o come_v to_o the_o council_n abovenamed_a a_o representative_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a city_n of_o london_n feriâ_fw-la quartâ_fw-la venerunt_fw-la londinenses_n &_o in_o concilium_fw-la introducti_fw-la causam_fw-la svam_fw-la eatenus_fw-la egerunt_fw-la ut_fw-la dicerent_fw-la missos_fw-la se_fw-la a_o communione_fw-la quam_fw-la vocant_fw-la londiniarum_fw-la but_o the_o clergy_n carry_v it_o with_o a_o high_a hand_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o it_o become_v not_o they_o who_o be_v principal_a man_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o sicut_fw-la proceres_fw-la as_o it_o be_v noble_n to_o favour_v they_o who_o forsake_v their_o lord_n which_o i_o think_v be_v mean_v of_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o clergy_n to_o be_v sure_a they_o excommunicate_v the_o king_n and_o those_o that_o hold_v with_o he_o for_o meddle_v in_o their_o matter_n but_o they_o have_v much_o ado_n to_o quiet_a the_o city_n of_o london_n for_o the_o haughty_a answer_n they_o give_v they_o they_o that_o be_v at_o this_o assembly_n come_v not_o as_o the_o king_n tenant_n or_o because_o of_o any_o office_n in_o his_o court._n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o canonical_a thunder_n at_o a_o great_a council_n possible_o of_o layman_n only_o habito_fw-la post_fw-la modum_fw-la concilio_n coram_fw-la primoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la omne_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la oppida_fw-la castilia_n munitiones_fw-la quaequae_fw-la 671._o in_fw-la quibus_fw-la secularia_fw-la solent_fw-la exerceri_fw-la negotia_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la juri_fw-la cedant_fw-la whereby_o all_o the_o strong_a hold_n which_o clergyman_n have_v be_v subject_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o laity_n whether_o only_o the_o king_n baron_n barones_n curiae_fw-la suae_fw-la be_v to_o be_v judge_n in_o the_o disposal_n be_v needless_a to_o determine_v but_o statutum_n est_fw-la coram_fw-la primoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la this_o be_v make_v a_o law_n by_o all_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n we_o have_v several_a other_o council_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n in_o the_o seven_o of_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o recognise_a matilda_n the_o empress_n her_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o all_o but_o the_o man_n of_o kent_n step._n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o they_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o a_o free_a people_n than_o the_o rest_n think_v it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o they_o to_o own_o any_o title_n but_o mere_a election_n maltida_fw-la imperatrix_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la gente_fw-la anglorum_fw-la suscipitur_fw-la in_o dom._n exceptis_fw-la kentensibus_fw-la 392._o 1143._o 37._o in_o the_o nine_o the_o proceres_fw-la be_v summon_v per_fw-la edictum_fw-la regium_fw-la to_o st._n alban_n polycron_n the_o same_o year_n be_v a_o great_a council_n at_o northampton_n call_v parliamentum_fw-la 1379._o in_o the_o seventeen_o generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la convocavit_fw-la at_o london_n to_o which_o be_v call_v the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o proceres_fw-la 1154._o in_o the_o ninteenth_n and_o last_o of_o his_o reign_n step._n all_o the_o principes_fw-la meet_v at_o oxford_n ad_fw-la octavis_fw-la epiphaniae_fw-la and_o soon_o after_o the_o colloquium_fw-la at_o oxford_n they_o meet_v at_o dunstaple_n 32._o and_o he_o hold_v another_o great_a council_n the_o same_o year_n at_o london_n on_o michaelmas_n tam_fw-la pro_fw-la negotio_fw-la regni_fw-la quam_fw-la provisione_n eccles_n ebor._n 1040._o cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o optimatibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la this_o be_v both_o for_o ecclesiastical_a &_o civil_a matter_n the_o council_n of_o clarendon_n with_o that_o part_n of_o its_o constitution_n which_o have_v be_v much_o controvert_v of_o late_a 2._o will_v detain_v i_o and_o the_o reader_n too_o long_o to_o examine_v the_o several_a instance_n of_o great_a council_n or_o of_o ordinary_a court_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n by_o the_o examination_n of_o this_o possible_o i_o may_v give_v some_o additional_a light_n to_o what_o i_o have_v already_o represent_v the_o end_n of_o this_o convention_n be_v 2._o to_o vindicate_v the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n from_o the_o usurpation_n of_o the_o clergy_n 1164._o who_o insist_v upon_o exemption_n finem_fw-la and_o a_o uncontrollable_a licence_n to_o do_v ill_a upon_o pretence_n of_o the_o sacredness_n of_o their_o person_n whereas_o the_o king_n will_v allow_v they_o no_o other_o privilege_n or_o exemption_n than_o what_o his_o law_n have_v give_v they_o this_o council_n be_v compose_v of_o more_o than_o tenant_n in_o chief_a 96._o it_o be_v call_v a_o great_a and_o full_a parliament_n generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la the_o party_n present_a be_v under_o divers_a denomination_n 248._o all_o come_n to_o the_o same_o rex_fw-la arch._n ep._n ab._n pr._n com._n bar._n &_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la 1385._o as_o m._n paris_n
be_v not_o improbable_a that_o the_o disposition_n of_o this_o honour_n of_o receive_v particular_a writ_n of_o summons_n to_o parliament_n may_v have_v be_v lodge_v in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n nor_o be_v it_o likely_a that_o any_o earl_n but_o he_o that_o just_o forfeit_v the_o king_n favour_n will_v have_v be_v deny_v it_o however_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o no_o natural_a right_n since_o the_o 11_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o indeed_o the_o nobility_n have_v have_v settle_a right_n by_o patent_n which_o be_v as_o so_o many_o constant_a warrant_n for_o the_o chancellor_n to_o issue_v out_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n exit_fw-la debito_fw-la justitiae_fw-la with_o this_o agree_v the_o great_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n sic_fw-la antiquae_fw-la illa_fw-la baronum_fw-la dignitas_fw-la secessit_fw-la in_o titularem_fw-la &_o arbitrariam_fw-la regioque_fw-la baro._n tandem_fw-la diplomate_v id_fw-la circo_fw-la dispensata_fw-la est_fw-la upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o separate_a court_n of_o tenant_n the_o tenant_n still_o succeed_v to_o that_o jurisdiction_n and_o preference_n in_o the_o way_n of_o be_v call_v to_o the_o great_a court_n which_o they_o have_v in_o and_o to_o the_o less_o without_o such_o a_o provision_n as_o mr._n camden_n take_v notice_n of_o i_o will_v grant_v that_o the_o majores_fw-la barones_n hold_v in_o chief_a johannis_n ex_fw-la debito_fw-la justitiae_fw-la will_v have_v have_v right_a to_o special_a summons_n but_o the_o lesser_a tenant_n have_v the_o same_o right_n to_o a_o general_a summons_n and_o the_o right_n of_o be_v represent_v as_o proper_o conclude_v the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o unless_o where_o the_o king_n have_v exert_v his_o prerogative_n but_o where_o the_o king_n ex_fw-la tantâ_fw-la multitudine_fw-la baronum_fw-la differ_v in_o their_o circumstance_n some_o hold_v of_o he_o immediate_o other_o of_o measn_a lord_n and_o his_o very_a tenant_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o different_a class_n of_o majores_fw-la and_o minores_fw-la advance_v some_o to_o be_v of_o his_o particular_a council_n in_o parliament_n this_o with_o submission_n i_o take_v it_o make_v they_o not_o judge_n in_o parliament_n eonomine_fw-la because_o a_o court_n may_v amerce_v its_o own_o member_n but_o count_n and_o baron_n by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v not_o amerceable_a but_o by_o their_o peer_n and_o therefore_o none_o but_o their_o peer_n can_v without_o their_o own_o consent_n be_v of_o the_o court_n with_o they_o which_o though_o they_o may_v be_v with_o consent_n as_o to_o all_o act_n among_o themselves_o still_o it_o will_v be_v a_o question_n how_o far_o they_o may_v without_o particular_a patent_n or_o writ_n create_v they_o to_o such_o honour_n act_n in_o that_o station_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o other_o that_o special_a summons_n to_o parliament_n without_o a_o seat_n there_o grant_v and_o settle_v by_o the_o king_n give_v no_o man_n vote_n among_o those_o who_o now_o have_v right_o to_o such_o summons_n appear_v in_o that_o the_o judge_n and_o master_n in_o chancery_n have_v have_v the_o same_o writ_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o yet_o be_v and_o have_v be_v but_o assistant_n to_o they_o no_o member_n of_o their_o house_n the_o great_a tenant_n in_o chief_a and_o other_o in_o equal_a circumstance_n be_v pares_fw-la to_o one_o another_o and_o if_o such_o a_o one_o be_v choose_v knight_n of_o a_o shire_n though_o the_o lord_n coke_n say_v instit_n the_o king_n can_v not_o grant_v a_o writ_n to_o supersede_n his_o come_n that_o be_v so_o choose_v because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o he_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o one_o that_o ordinary_o will_v be_v special_o summon_v the_o king_n may_v supersede_n it_o and_o thus_o we_o find_v even_o before_o any_o settle_a right_n by_o patent_n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la surria_n salutem_fw-la 32._o quia_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la tu_fw-la thomam_fw-la camoy_v chivaler_n qui_fw-la banneretus_fw-la est_fw-la sicut_fw-la quam_fw-la plures_fw-la antecessorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la extiterint_fw-la ad_fw-la essendum_fw-la â—609_n unum_n militum_fw-la venientium_fw-la ad_fw-la proximum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la pro_fw-la coommunitate_fw-la comitatus_fw-la praedicti_fw-la de_fw-la assensu_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la comitatus_fw-la elegisti_fw-la nos_fw-la advertentes_fw-la quod_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la banneretti_n ante_fw-la haec_fw-la tempora_fw-la in_o milites_fw-la comitatus_fw-la ratione_fw-la alicujus_fw-la parlamenti_fw-la eligi_fw-la minimè_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la ipsum_fw-la de_fw-la officio_fw-la militis_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la parlamentum_fw-la pro_fw-la communitate_fw-la come_v ’_o predict_v venturi_fw-la exonerari_fw-la volumus_fw-la etc._n etc._n when_o tenant_n in_o chief_a oreorum_fw-la pares_fw-la werce_v call_v by_o special_a writ_n they_o very_o proper_o exercise_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n which_o tenant_n do_v before_o in_o their_o separate_a court_n in_o the_o 5_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o many_o have_v refuse_v attendance_n and_o not_o own_v themselves_o liable_a to_o amercement_n because_o of_o absence_n if_o tenure_n lay_v not_o a_o special_a obligation_n upon_o they_o come_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o make_v it_o penal_a to_o refuse_v or_o rather_o delares_fw-la that_o the_o law_n be_v so_o of_o old_a all_o singular_a person_n and_o commonalty_n 1381._o which_o from_o henceforth_o shall_v have_v the_o summons_n of_o parliament_n shall_v come_v from_o henceforth_o to_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v and_o have_v be_v accustom_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n of_o old_a time_n and_o every_o person_n of_o the_o same_o realm_n which_o from_o henceforth_o shall_v have_v the_o say_a summons_n be_v he_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_z prior_n duke_n earl_n baron_n banneret_n knight_n of_o the_o shire_n citizen_n of_o city_n burgeis_n of_o burgh_n or_o other_o singular_a person_n or_o commonalty_n do_v absent_a himself_o and_o come_v not_o at_o the_o say_a summons_n except_o he_o may_v reasonable_o and_o honest_o excuse_v himself_o to_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n he_o shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o otherwise_o punish_v as_o of_o old_a time_n have_v be_v use_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o say_a realm_n in_o the_o say_a case_n this_o show_v that_o of_o old_a time_n they_o who_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n or_o choose_v by_o the_o people_n aught_o to_o come_v to_o parliament_n but_o this_o be_v before_o any_o patent_n or_o write_v of_o creation_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o peer_n and_o to_o a_o seat_n in_o parliament_n suppose_v no_o obligation_n upon_o the_o king_n to_o give_v any_o special_a summons_n indeed_o where_o he_o have_v grant_v charter_n of_o exemption_n from_o common_a summons_n there_o he_o have_v oblige_v himself_o if_o he_o will_v have_v they_o oblige_v by_o what_o pass_v to_o give_v special_a summons_n be_v it_o not_o that_o they_o may_v have_v be_v choose_v in_o the_o county_n particular_o which_o alter_v the_o case_n from_o what_o it_o be_v if_o every_o body_n come_v or_o may_v come_v in_o their_o own_o person_n some_o by_o special_a other_o by_o general_a summon_n but_o this_o exemption_n and_o particular_a summon_n after_n it_o make_v none_o peer_n that_o they_o find_v not_o so_o but_o they_o that_o come_v be_v to_o come_v as_o they_o be_v bind_v and_o insuch_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v accustom_v of_o old_a which_o be_v pregnant_a with_o a_o negative_a as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o no_o other_o manner_n quality_n or_o degree_n and_o thus_o they_o use_v that_o to_o come_v as_o assistant_n to_o the_o lord_n continue_v even_o at_o this_o day_n to_o come_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n 251._o and_o no_o otherwise_o notwithstanding_o particular_a writ_n of_o summon_n eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la as_o to_z the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n this_o be_v further_a observable_a etc._n that_o in_o the_o forecited_a statute_n and_o record_n banneret_n be_v speak_v of_o as_o above_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o these_o be_v certain_o some_o of_o the_o pares_fw-la baronum_fw-la which_o often_o occur_v to_o we_o if_o these_o receive_v their_o summons_n to_o parliament_n it_o seem_v as_o it_o have_v be_v of_o old_a accustom_a they_o be_v to_o have_v voice_n with_o the_o baron_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o they_o which_o hold_v by_o barony_n and_o their_o peer_n pares_fw-la baronum_fw-la be_v by_o the_o law_n exempt_v from_o be_v of_o common_a jury_n because_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v to_o come_v of_o course_n and_o right_a 53._o to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answerer_v that_o be_v a_o privilege_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fellow_n subject_n to_o be_v own_a by_o they_o as_o be_v in_o common_a intendment_n likely_a to_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o so_o account_v by_o the_o 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particular_o name_v but_o for_o this_o a_o resolution_n by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n the_o 8_o be_v a_o full_a authority_n where_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o the_o king_n may_v hold_v his_o parliament_n without_o such_o lord_n as_o come_v only_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o possession_n case_n the_o same_o in_o effect_n mr._n selden_n tell_v we_o eadm_n in_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o eadmerus_n neque_fw-la eos_fw-la speak_v of_o barones_n duntaxat_fw-la ut_fw-la hodie_fw-la significare_fw-la quibus_fw-la peculiaris_fw-la ordinum_fw-la comitiis_fw-la locus_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la universos_fw-la qui_fw-la saltem_fw-la beatiores_fw-la regius_fw-la munificentia_fw-la etc._n etc._n latifundia_fw-la possidebant_fw-la so_o that_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n here_o that_o there_o be_v several_a who_o have_v great_a estate_n of_o the_o immediate_a grant_n of_o the_o crown_n who_o yet_o have_v no_o seat_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o assert_v any_o thing_n dogmatical_o i_o only_o offer_v by_o way_n of_o learning_n some_o thing_n which_o perhaps_o will_v be_v look_v on_o as_o paradox_n at_o the_o least_o i_o divide_v not_o my_o matter_n into_o head_n and_o position_n because_o i_o run_v counter_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o many_o great_a name_n and_o the_o direct_a oppose_v such_o in_o thesi_fw-la will_v be_v invidious_a and_o gain_v a_o disadvantage_n to_o the_o authority_n i_o produce_v if_o any_o body_n will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o show_v i_o by_o authentic_a proof_n and_o warrantable_a reason_n that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o record_n or_o history_n by_o i_o cite_v or_o other_o not_o occur_v to_o i_o aught_o to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o sense_n contrary_a to_o what_o have_v appear_v to_o i_o i_o shall_v thankful_o receive_v and_o acknowledge_v his_o instruction_n but_o till_o then_o i_o must_v crave_v pardon_n if_o i_o can_v swallow_v or_o digest_v any_o learned_a modern_a antiquarie_n bare_a ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la where_o i_o find_v the_o best_a of_o our_o historian_n and_o a_o series_n of_o record_n in_o my_o judgement_n diametrical_o oppose_v and_o contradict_v their_o position_n and_o assertion_n i_o be_o aware_a that_o beside_o the_o many_o slip_n of_o a_o hasty_a pen_n and_o the_o weakness_n perhaps_o of_o several_a of_o the_o inference_n which_o among_o some_o avocation_n may_v have_v pass_v neglect_v there_o be_v a_o material_a objection_n against_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o whole_a which_o be_v the_o general_a agreement_n of_o record_n and_o history_n that_o till_o the_o 48th_o or_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o all_o proprietor_n of_o land_n come_v to_o the_o great_a council_n without_o any_o settle_a exclusion_n when_o yet_o we_o many_o time_n find_v that_o the_o council_n be_v hold_v in_o church_n or_o hall_n and_o yet_o at_o those_o time_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o populus_fw-la be_v there_o as_o if_o the_o great_a man_n be_v the_o stand_v representative_a body_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o answer_v for_o all_o the_o people_n the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v according_a to_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la synodos_fw-la which_o i_o may_v apply_v to_o the_o civil_a council_n that_o the_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la 1._o or_o bonae_fw-la conversationis_fw-la come_v sometime_o in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o when_o they_o agree_v to_o it_o which_o be_v no_o abridgement_n of_o their_o personal_a right_n they_o come_v by_o representation_n ex_fw-la electione_n and_o every_o one_o be_v there_o himself_o virtual_o by_o his_o deputy_n but_o they_o often_o meet_v in_o vast_a body_n and_o in_o capacious_a place_n both_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o after_o william_n the_o first_o obtain_v the_o imperial_a crown_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o proprietor_n be_v assemble_v at_o runeme_v between_o stanes_n and_o windsor_n at_o the_o pass_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n and_o if_o we_o believe_v matth._n westminster_n 1215._o it_o be_v not_o unusual_a for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n long_o before_o king_n john_n time_n at_o that_o very_a place_n to_o meet_v their_o people_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n maximus_fw-la tractatus_fw-la habebatur_fw-la inter_fw-la regem_fw-la et_fw-la barones_n de_fw-la pace_fw-la regni_fw-la inter_fw-la stanes_n &_o windsoram_n in_o prato_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la runeme_v quod_fw-la interpretatur_fw-la pratum_fw-la concilii_fw-la eö_o quod_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la ibi_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la regni_fw-la saepius_fw-la consilia_fw-la tractabantur_fw-la this_o show_v the_o usual_a place_n of_o assemble_v to_o have_v be_v large_a enough_o for_o all_o the_o people_n which_o be_v in_o so_o many_o record_n and_o history_n print_v and_o in_o manuscript_n say_v to_o have_v be_v present_a at_o the_o great_a or_o general_a council_n i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o one_o instance_n of_o the_o party_n present_v at_o such_o a_o council_n which_o be_v deliver_v with_o sufficient_a perspicuity_n anselm_n in_o one_o of_o his_o dispute_n with_o henry_n the_o first_o 70._o desire_v the_o debate_n may_v be_v adjourn_v till_o the_o easter_n follow_v differantur_fw-la haec_fw-la si_fw-la placet_fw-la usqu_fw-la in_fw-la pascha_fw-la ut_fw-la audito_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la regnique_fw-la primatum_fw-la consilio_fw-la qui_fw-la modò_fw-la non_fw-la assunt_fw-la respondeam_fw-la hinc_fw-la upon_o this_o anselm_n come_v to_o the_o court_n at_o easter_n igitur_fw-la in_o pascha_fw-la curiam_fw-la venit_fw-la regni_fw-la ingenuitatem_fw-la praesens_fw-la consulit_fw-la communi_fw-la consilii_fw-la vocem_fw-la accepit_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o the_o council_n episcoporum_fw-la et_fw-la primatum_fw-la to_o which_o he_o refer_v himself_o be_v reciprocal_a with_o the_o ingenuitas_fw-la regni_fw-la ingenuus_n that_o be_v as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n show_v we_o the_o liberi_fw-la et_fw-la legales_fw-la homines_fw-la the_o good_a honest_a freeholder_n some_o of_o which_o be_v no_o better_o than_o plebeians_z and_o therefore_o this_o authority_n alone_o especial_o as_o it_o be_v strengthen_v by_o those_o other_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n which_o i_o have_v cite_v absque_fw-la dolo_fw-la et_fw-la malo_fw-la ingenio_fw-la evince_n to_o i_o that_o he_o or_o they_o who_o put_v out_o the_o second_o part_n of_o sir_n spelman_n glossary_a do_v not_o do_v right_a to_o his_o memory_n in_o represent_v he_o affirm_v that_o the_o plebs_fw-la the_o ingenuitas_fw-la or_o liberi_fw-la et_fw-la legales_fw-la homines_fw-la as_o he_o himself_o tell_v we_o the_o word_n ingenuus_fw-la have_v ancient_o be_v use_v be_v no_o where_o among_o the_o several_a council_n which_o he_o have_v read_v of_o mention_v to_o have_v be_v there_o from_o the_o entrance_n of_o william_n the_o first_o to_o the_o end_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o the_o word_n to_o this_o purpose_n which_o i_o conceive_v be_v put_v upon_o he_o be_v these_o sine_fw-la ut_fw-la sodes_fw-la dicam_fw-la collegisse_fw-la i_o centenas_fw-la reor_fw-la comitiorum_fw-la edictiones_fw-la tenoresque_fw-la 1664._o plurimorum_fw-la ab_fw-la ingressu_fw-la gulielmii_fw-la ad_fw-la excessum_fw-la henrici_fw-la 3._o existentium_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o tantâ_fw-la multitudine_fw-la de_fw-la plebe_fw-la uspiam_fw-la reperisse_fw-la aliquid_fw-la indeed_o notice_n be_v take_v of_o those_o council_n where_o be_v optimates_fw-la et_fw-fr barones_n totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o of_o that_o famous_a assembly_n at_o salisbury-plain_a of_o the_o barones_n et_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la militibus_fw-la in_o pursuance_n of_o the_o summons_n of_o william_n the_o first_o the_o positiveness_n of_o the_o assertion_n be_v restrain_v with_o a_o ni_fw-fr in_o his_o dilituerit_n but_o what_o doubt_n can_v be_v make_v of_o those_o word_n whereby_o they_o be_v express_o mention_v and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o true_a sir_n henry_n spelman_n i_o be_o not_o yet_o aware_a of_o finis_fw-la errata_fw-la page_n 3._o l._n 16._o r._n tzurick_n for_o tours_n p._n 5._o margin_n r._n contemporaneo_fw-la p._n 8._o l._n 12._o for_o william_n read_v hugh_n p._n 9_o l._n 9_o r._n attendance_n p._n 10._o l._n 7._o add_v laici_fw-la before_o omnes_fw-la p._n 12._o l._n 29._o join_v a_o to_o part_v p._n 17._o l._n 4._o r._n fuerat_fw-la p._n 25._o l_o 6._o add_v est_fw-fr de_fw-fr before_o antiquo_fw-la l._n 7._o deal_n est_fw-fr de_fw-fr p._n 27._o marg_n r._n hil._n for_o mich._n p._n 35._o l._n 3._o add_v è_fw-fr before_o tota_fw-la p._n 40._o l._n 22._o r._n illuc_fw-la l._n 19_o r._n knight_n for_o knight_n p._n 45._o last_v l._n r._n antequam_fw-la p._n 47._o l._n 4._o deal_n comma_n after_o sheriff_n l._n 15._o r._n vias_fw-la l._n 19_o deal_n s_o after_o knight_n p._n 53._o l._n 28._o make_v a_o comma_n after_o king_n title_n l._n 29._o r._n election_n p._n 60._o l._n 28._o add_v be_v after_o that_o p._n 63._o l._n 18._o r._n of_o for_o in_o p._n 64._o l._n 14._o put_v a_o comma_n after_o only_a p._n 65._o l._n 15._o r._n it_o be_v p._n 66._o l._n 7._o put_v a_o comma_n after_o nobility_n l._n 10._o after_o londoner_n make_v a_o comma_n so_o
after_o citizen_n l._n 11._o put_v a_o comma_n after_o among_o they_o p._n 68_o l._n 14._o r._n matilda_n p._n 206._o l._n 2._o r._n plectendum_fw-la l._n 3._o r._n judicare_fw-la p._n 217._o l._n 11._o r._n affuerunt_fw-la p._n 228._o l._n 9_o r._n doveram_fw-la p._n 237._o l._n 7._o add_v the_o before_o free_a custom_n l._n 8._o deal_n the_o 2d_o sheet_n of_o p._n 237._o l._n 13._o r._n militibus_fw-la p._n 238._o l._n 9_o r._n tenant_n use_v p._n 240._o l._n 20._o r._n de_fw-fr scuto_fw-la l._n 28._o r._n the_o for_o their_o p._n 241._o l._n 11._o deal_n s_o after_o acquaint_v l._n 22._o r._n record_n p._n 245._o l._n 2._o r._n negotium_fw-la p._n 246._o l._n 5._o r._n retroactis_fw-la p._n 247._o l._n 23._o r._n his_o instead_o of_o this_o p._n 251._o margin_n r._n proprietariis_fw-la p._n 255._o r._n baro_n l._n 21._o put_v a_o comma_n after_o freeholder_n p._n 261._o l._n 1._o r._n that_o before_o use_v p._n 262._o l._n 20._o add_v s_o to_o thing_n p._n 265._o l._n 14._o add_v s_o to_o â—â—mmuni_fw-la a_o catalogue_n of_o some_o book_n late_o print_v for_o tho._n basset_n at_o the_o george_n in_o fleetstreet_n a_o institution_n of_o general_n history_n or_o the_o histo_n of_o the_o world_n in_o two_o volume_n in_o folio_n by_o dr._n william_n howel_n chancellor_n of_o lincoln_n print_a 1680._o historical_a collection_n be_v a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o four_o last_o parliament_n of_o the_o renown_a princess_n queen_n elizabeth_n contain_v the_o journal_o of_o both_o house_n with_o their_o several_a speech_n argument_n motion_n etc._n etc._n in_o folio_n write_v by_o hayward_n townshend_n esq_n then_o a_o member_n of_o parliament_n print_v 1680._o the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n asserted_n or_o a_o discourse_n prove_v by_o record_n and_o the_o best_a historian_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v ever_o a_o essential_a part_n of_o parliament_n by_o william_n petyt_v of_o the_o inner_a temple_n esq_n of_o the_o french_a monarchy_n and_o absolute_a power_n and_o also_o a_o treatise_n of_o the_o three_o state_n and_o their_o power_n deduce_v from_o the_o most_o authentic_a history_n for_o above_o 1200_o year_n and_o digest_v this_o latter_a by_o mat._n zampini_n de_fw-fr recanati_n l._n l._n d._n the_o constitution_n of_o parliament_n in_o england_n deduce_v from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o illustrate_v by_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o in_o his_o parliament_n summon_v the_o 18_o febr._n 1660_o 1._o and_o dissolve_v the_o 14_o jan._n 1678_o 9_o with_o a_o appendix_n of_o its_o session_n in_o oct._n the_o politic_n of_o france_n by_o monsieur_n p._n h._n marquis_n of_o c._n with_o reflection_n on_o the_o four_o and_o 5_o chapter_n wherein_o he_o censure_v the_o roman_a clergy_n and_o the_o huguenot_n by_o the_o sir_n l'ormegregny_n le_fw-fr beau_n pleadeur_fw-fr a_o book_n of_o entry_n contain_v declaration_n information_n and_o other_o select_a and_o 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17_o johannis_n dorso_n m_o 21._o rot_v pat._n 17_o johannis_n pars_fw-la unica_fw-la m._n 13._o n._n 3._o ib._n m._n â—3_n dorso_fw-la magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 38._o confirmatio_fw-la magna_fw-la chartae_fw-la facta_fw-la 2._o h_o 3._o in_o consimili_fw-la formâ_fw-la cum_fw-la magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 9_o hen._n 3._o testibus_fw-la &_o data_fw-la exceptis_fw-la exemplificata_n &_o confirmata_fw-la 25._o edw._n 1._o prout_fw-la charta_fw-la de_fw-la forestâ_fw-la exit_fw-la ms_n contemporaneâ_fw-la statutor_fw-la penes_fw-la sam._n balduin_n equitem_fw-la auratum_fw-la &_o seruient_fw-fr ad_fw-la legèm_fw-la et_fw-fr de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la faciemas_fw-la summoneri_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v such_o of_o the_o majores_fw-la as_o hold_v intra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d aid_v upon_o tenant_n in_o common_a socage_n escuage_z upon_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n chester_n tit._n honor._n 1_o edit_n p._n 247._o see_v leicester_n survey_n of_o cheshire_n 20._o h._n 3._o m._n paris_n fol._n 563._o ed._n lond._n tit._n honour_n 1_o ed._n p._n 233._o selden_n ib._n domesday_n in_o cheshire_n say_v comes_fw-la tenet_fw-la comitatum_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la see_v leicester_n be_v survey_v of_o cheshire_n mat._n p._n foe_o 497._o ed._n lond._n anno_fw-la 1232._o 17o._o h._n 3._o m._n p._n an._n 1205._o 7o._o johannis_n mat._n pare_v tig._n f._n 359._o nequi_fw-la magnates_fw-la viz._n come_v baro_n miles_n sevaliqua_fw-la alia_fw-la notabilis_fw-la persona_fw-la rot._n claus_n 3_o e._n 2._o m._n 16._o dor_n m._n p._n f._n 359._o an._n 1232._o 17o._o rs._n h._n 3._o nota_fw-la this_o show_v that_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v not_o all_o the_o council_n because_o they_o in_o particular_a be_v take_v notice_n of_o among_o they_o which_o come_v to_o that_o council_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n be_v not_o to_o attend_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n nor_o to_o pay_v escuage_n in_o lieu_n of_o military_a service_n because_o all_o his_o tenure_n be_v to_o keep_v to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o march_n rot._n pat._n 44_o h._n 3._o m._n 1._o dor_n 22o._o ed._n 1._o n._n 45._o sub_fw-la custod_fw-la camerar_n in_o scaccario_n rot._n pat._n 2._o ed._n 1._o m._n 6._o rot_v pat_n 20._o ed._n 1._o m._n 6._o bundella_n literar_fw-it in_o turre_n london_n an._n 8._o h_o 3_o ne_fw-fr qui_fw-fr magnates_fw-la viz._n come_v baro_n miles_n seu_fw-la aliqua_fw-la alia_fw-la notabilis_fw-la persona_fw-la etc._n etc._n rot._n claus_n 3_o e._n 2._o m._n 16._o dor_n rot._n parl._n 40_o ed._n 3._o n._n 7_o 8._o matt._n par._n p._n 236._o hooker_n eccles_n lib._n fol._n 29._o matt._n paris_n ann._n 1212._o 14_o johannis_n matt._n par._n matt._n par._n knyghton_n matt._n west_n fol._n 271._o matt._n west_n fol._n 271._o ms._n cod._n ex_fw-la bib._n dom._n wild_n nuper_fw-la defunct_a note_v a_o common_a lord_n have_v aid_n in_o the_o like_a case_n by_o king_n john_n charter_n william_n 1_o seldeni_n ad_fw-la fadmer_n &_o notae_fw-la &_o specilegium_fw-la fol._n 190._o ib._n cap._n 52_o 59_o et_fw-la ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la rectum_fw-la &_o sustitiam_fw-la constant_a omnibus_fw-la modis_fw-la pro_fw-la posse_fw-la svo_fw-la sine_fw-la dolo_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la faciend_n ib._n knyghton_n fol._n 2358._o leges_fw-la will._n 1._o servitutes_fw-la rusticorum_fw-la praediorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la haec_fw-la iter_fw-la actus_fw-la via_fw-la aquaeductus_fw-la digest_v lib._n 8._o tit_n 3._o servitutum_fw-la non_fw-la ea_fw-la natura_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la aliquid_fw-la faciat_fw-la sed_fw-la ut_fw-la aliquid_fw-la patiatur_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la faciat_fw-la ib._n fol._n 215._o sim_n dunelm_n fol._n 212._o 1084._o 14_o will._n 1._o 2._o inst_n fâ—l_n 232._o inter_fw-la brevia_fw-la directa_fw-la baron_n de_fw-fr term_n mich._n 32_o ed._n 1._o m._n 4._o dorso_fw-la penos_fw-gr rem_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o scaccario_fw-la the_o same_o plea_n for_o the_o earl_n of_o glocest._n and_o heart_n allow_v ib._n m._n 5._o inter_fw-la brevia_fw-la directa_fw-la baron_n de_fw-fr term._n hill_n 33_o ed._n 1._o penes_fw-la rem_fw-la domini_fw-la thes_n in_o scaccario_n inter_fw-la
argument_n that_o there_o be_v no_o law_n against_o such_o practice_n and_o beside_o this_o be_v bring_v to_o show_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n which_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la this_o have_v no_o colour_n of_o a_o proof_n because_o they_o may_v have_v handle_v such_o matter_n in_o their_o own_o court_n where_o the_o king_n give_v they_o judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o membrorum_fw-la as_o bracton_n have_v show_v we_o but_o that_o they_o do_v not_o in_o the_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la we_o be_v to_o believe_v till_o express_v authority_n be_v bring_v to_o show_v that_o they_o do_v one_o of_o the_o edition_n of_o blesensis_n have_v but_o quidam_fw-la some_o of_o they_o only_o can_v dispense_v with_o the_o obligation_n of_o what_o nature_n the_o obligation_n be_v i_o shall_v soon_o show_v and_o will_v usher_v it_o in_o with_o the_o judgement_n of_o mr._n selden_n who_o be_v best_a acquaint_v with_o the_o several_a copy_n of_o this_o constitution_n and_o with_o those_o law_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o it_o perhaps_o of_o any_o man_n since_o the_o make_v the_o constitution_n 582._o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o be_v say_v he_o that_o all_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n and_o the_o like_a that_o hold_v in_o chief_a of_o the_o king_n have_v their_o possession_n as_o barony_n and_o be_v according_o to_o do_v all_o service_n and_o to_o sit_v in_o judgement_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o baron_n in_o all_o case_n save_v case_n of_o blood_n the_o exception_n of_o case_n of_o blood_n proceed_v from_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o prohibit_v clergyman_n to_o assent_v to_o such_o judgement_n 100_o but_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o hen._n 2._o in_o the_o parliament_n at_o northampton_n declare_v that_o bishop_n be_v bind_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n to_o be_v present_a and_o to_o give_v their_o vote_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n that_o this_o be_v only_o a_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la 40._o no_o parliament_n i_o have_v show_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v affirm_v that_o the_o king_n then_o press_v the_o bishop_n to_o give_v their_o vote_n in_o a_o capital_a case_n as_o the_o author_n suppose_v every_o crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la then_o to_o have_v be_v i_o wonder_v because_o it_o be_v apparent_a from_o the_o circumstance_n that_o the_o king_n press_v for_o a_o final_a judgement_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o urge_v that_o as_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o tenure_n when_o even_o according_a to_o this_o learned_a man_n the_o canon_n prohibit_v their_o pronounce_v final_a sentence_n 28._o and_o the_o king_n at_o clarendon_n out_o of_o regard_n and_o reverence_n to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n require_v only_o that_o they_o shall_v act_v in_o such_o cause_n till_o the_o cause_n be_v ripe_a for_o sentence_n not_o that_o they_o shall_v stay_v at_o the_o sentence_n that_o point_n he_o be_v content_a to_o yield_v they_o and_o he_o himself_o show_v we_o out_o of_o fitz-stephen_n that_o the_o bishop_n look_v not_o on_o the_o matter_n as_o capital_a for_o they_o do_v not_o urge_v the_o canon_n in_o the_o case_n but_o they_o excuse_v themselves_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n prohibition_n 40._o and_o the_o king_n reply_v that_o viz._n that_o prohibition_n have_v no_o force_n against_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n ms._n which_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o say_v you_o have_v no_o manner_n of_o pretence_n no_o canon_n forbid_v you_o to_o pass_v judgement_n upon_o becket_n and_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n you_o ought_v interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la at_o this_o time_n notwithstanding_o the_o plain_a sense_n of_o all_o this_o we_o find_v a_o very_a artificial_a management_n of_o fitz-stephens_n and_o other_o authority_n 1._o as_o if_o becket_n be_v accuse_v of_o a_o capital_a matter_n it_o be_v call_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la 2._o as_o if_o the_o crime_n he_o be_v accuse_v of_o be_v appeal_n to_o rome_n 40._o and_o that_o such_o appeal_n be_v treason_n by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n before_o any_o statute_n make_v 1._o i_o will_v ready_o grant_v that_o in_o the_o language_n of_o that_o age_n becket_n be_v accuse_v or_o impeach_v of_o crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la but_o that_o all_o crimina_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la be_v then_o capital_a glanvile_n who_o be_v chief_a justice_n in_o that_o king_n reign_n 2._o deny_v crimen_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-fr niece_n vel_fw-la seditione_n personae_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la regni_fw-la vel_fw-la exercitus_fw-la occultatio_fw-la inventi_fw-la thesauri_fw-la fraudulosa_fw-la placita_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la infracta_fw-la etc._n etc._n hereby_o every_o breach_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n be_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la every_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n by_o act_n of_o injustice_n be_v a_o breach_n of_o his_o peace_n contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la &_o coronam_fw-la therefore_o becket_n have_v deny_v justice_n to_o john_n the_o marshal_n and_o refuse_v to_o answer_v the_o king_n who_o charge_v he_o in_o account_n especial_o stand_v in_o contempt_n of_o the_o king_n court_n be_v guilty_a of_o this_o crime_n indeed_o glanvile_n when_o he_o have_v name_v homicide_n malicious_a firing_n and_o other_o crime_n add_v et_fw-la siquae_fw-la sunt_fw-la similia_fw-la quae_fw-la scilicet_fw-la crimina_fw-la ultimo_fw-la puniuntur_fw-la supplicio_fw-la aut_fw-la membrorum_fw-la truncatione_fw-la as_o if_o no_o crime_n be_v within_o this_o name_n but_o those_o which_o draw_v after_o they_o capital_a punishment_n but_o that_o be_v certain_o to_o be_v mean_v of_o such_o as_o be_v not_o there_o specify_v that_o be_v all_o such_o like_a crime_n provide_v they_o be_v capital_a in_o the_o punishment_n annex_v by_o law_n be_v crimina_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la though_o neither_o homicide_n nor_o fire_v etc._n etc._n nor_o any_o direct_a and_o open_a breach_n of_o the_o peace_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o confine_v not_o placita_fw-la de_fw-fr pace_fw-la infractâ_fw-la to_o homicide_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v 2._o for_o he_o take_v in_o assault_n and_o battery_n de_fw-fr verberibus_fw-la de_fw-la plagis_fw-la etiam_fw-la which_o he_o say_v be_v tryable_a by_o the_o sheriff_n in_o default_n of_o mesn_a lord_n unless_o the_o indictment_n be_v in_o the_o king_n name_n nisi_fw-la accusator_fw-la adjiciat_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la infractâ_fw-la but_o it_o appear_v from_o fitz-stephen_n that_o becket_n be_v not_o impeach_v for_o appeal_n to_o rome_n 1389._o even_o upon_o his_o second_o impeachment_n but_o pro_fw-la ratiocinio_fw-la cancellariae_fw-la reddendo_fw-la to_o which_o he_o plead_v that_o the_o king_n remit_v he_o when_o he_o be_v make_v archbishop_n that_o he_o then_o be_v quietus_n &_o solutus_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la regis_fw-la querelâ_fw-la but_o further_a that_o he_o be_v call_v only_o to_o answer_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o john_n the_o marshal_n in_o which_o he_o complain_v that_o he_o have_v have_v hard_a measure_n but_o for_o the_o last_o neque_fw-la in_o causâ_fw-la sum_fw-la ratiocinii_fw-la neque_fw-la aliquam_fw-la habui_fw-la ad_fw-la eam_fw-la citationem_fw-la still_o the_o king_n urge_v the_o proceres_fw-la to_o proceed_v to_o judgement_n against_o he_o he_o find_v they_o ready_a to_o comply_v with_o the_o king_n appeal_v to_o rome_n and_o strict_o enjoin_v all_o his_o suffragan_a bishop_n and_o other_o not_o to_o meddle_v in_o the_o matter_n upon_o this_o redeunt_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la episcopi_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n à _fw-la judicando_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la excusati_fw-la à _fw-la baronibus_fw-la seorsim_fw-la sedent_fw-la nec_fw-la minus_fw-la à _fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la suum_fw-la exigit_fw-la rex_fw-la judicium_fw-la evocantur_fw-la quidam_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o barones_n secundae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la etc._n etc._n what_o be_v here_o like_o the_o pretence_n of_o his_o be_v accuse_v in_o a_o capital_a matter_n and_o the_o king_n urge_v the_o bishop_n to_o judge_v he_o notwithstanding_o a_o capital_a accusation_n nay_o further_o admit_v that_o he_o have_v be_v impeach_v of_o appeal_n to_o rome_n which_o it_o be_v evident_a both_o from_o fitz-stephen_n and_o gervase_n that_o he_o be_v not_o i_o question_v whether_o it_o have_v be_v capital_a then_o or_o whether_o the_o lord_n cook_n say_v that_o such_o a_o own_n of_o the_o pope_n power_n be_v treason_n 40._o by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n before_o any_o statute_n be_v make_v which_o i_o conceive_v he_o do_v not_o the_o most_o which_o i_o find_v in_o he_o towards_o this_o point_n rep._n be_v of_o a_o judgement_n in_o the_o 30_o of_o edw._n the_o first_o where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o subject_n bring_v in_o a_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n against_o another_o subject_n and_o publish_v it_o to_o the_o lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n be_v by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n treason_n now_o this_o publish_n a_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n
and_o thereby_o assume_v the_o exercise_n of_o justice_n without_o the_o king_n authority_n be_v certain_o a_o much_o great_a offence_n against_o the_o king_n crown_n and_o dignity_n than_o bare_o the_o appeal_n however_o either_o may_v have_v be_v crimina_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la against_o the_o crown_n and_o royal_a dignity_n and_o yet_o not_o capital_a as_o glanvile_n show_v but_o this_o be_v further_a observable_a that_o the_o king_n himself_o appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o this_o very_a controversy_n between_o he_o and_o becket_n hâc_fw-la igitur_fw-la celebri_fw-la celebratâ_fw-la &_o acceleratâ_fw-la appellatione_fw-la misit_fw-la rex_fw-la 1400._o misit_fw-la &_o archiepiscopus_fw-la nuntio_n ad_fw-la dominum_fw-la papam_fw-la 1392._o and_o according_a to_o greu._n the_o bishop_n appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n against_o becket_n with_o the_o great_a approbation_n of_o the_o king_n wherefore_o the_o article_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n touch_v appeal_n the_o first_o declaration_n that_o i_o find_v of_o the_o law_n in_o this_o point_n come_v not_o up_o to_o becket_n appeal_v de_fw-fr appellationibus_fw-la si_fw-la emerserint_fw-la ab_fw-la archidiacono_n debent_fw-la procedere_fw-la ad_fw-la episcopum_fw-la ab_fw-la episcopo_fw-la ad_fw-la archiepiscopum_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la defuerit_fw-la in_o justitiâ_fw-la exhibendâ_fw-la 1387._o ad_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la est_fw-la perveniendum_fw-la postremò_fw-la ut_fw-la praecepto_fw-la ipsius_fw-la in_o curiâ_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la controversia_fw-la terminetur_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la ulterius_fw-la procedere_fw-la absque_fw-la assensu_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la this_o be_v of_o cause_n begin_v in_o ecclesiastical_a court_n these_o be_v not_o to_o go_v further_o than_o the_o archbishop_n court_n that_o be_v not_o to_o the_o pope_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n now_o admit_v a_o appeal_n have_v be_v before_o the_o pope_n with_o the_o king_n licence_n yet_o it_o may_v have_v be_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la to_o put_v the_o pope_n sentence_n in_o execution_n without_o new_a licence_n have_v but_o where_o a_o matter_n lay_v not_o in_o these_o inferior_a court_n as_o becket_n do_v not_o whether_o the_o appeal_n in_o such_o a_o case_n have_v be_v against_o the_o law_n then_o i_o make_v a_o doubt_n i_o be_o sure_a it_o be_v not_o prove_v at_o least_o that_o it_o be_v capital_a i_o know_v not_o of_o any_o great_a penalty_n than_o a_o praemunire_n ever_o annex_v to_o it_o till_o the_o reformation_n but_o if_o it_o be_v capital_a from_o the_o beginning_n it_o will_v not_o be_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o purpose_n here_o because_o becket_n be_v not_o impeach_v for_o appeal_n i_o can_v but_o charge_v this_o author_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o artifice_n in_o this_o place_n and_o of_o much_o labour_n to_o reconcile_v thing_n as_o i_o shall_v think_v very_o disagree_v he_o tell_v we_o that_o according_a to_o fitz-stephen_n 35._o becket_n be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n and_o the_o bishop_n sit_v together_o with_o other_o baron_n and_o because_o it_o do_v not_o come_v to_o a_o sentence_n of_o death_n after_o a_o great_a debate_n between_o the_o other_o lord_n and_o bishop_n about_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n do_v it_o here_o he_o jumble_v together_o what_o in_o another_o place_n he_o right_o divide_v he_o take_v it_o right_a that_o there_o be_v two_o cause_n the_o one_o that_o of_o john_n the_o marshal_n the_o other_o that_o which_o he_o will_v make_v capital_a in_o the_o first_o the_o bishop_n do_v certain_o sit_v in_o judgement_n there_o the_o bishop_n of_o winch._n pronounce_v the_o sentence_n as_o mr._n selden_n who_o this_o author_n confess_v have_v print_v the_o proceed_n of_o this_o judgement_n very_o exact_o show_v out_o of_o stephanides_n 38._o for_o this_o our_o author_n do_v not_o pretend_v that_o becket_n be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n and_o yet_o he_o say_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o winch._n give_v sentence_n where_o he_o be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n nay_o though_o his_o own_o author_n stephanides_n be_v express_v that_o upon_o the_o second_o charge_n which_o contain_v the_o suppose_a capital_a matter_n the_o bishop_n withdraw_v &_o quidam_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o barones_n secundae_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la be_v take_v into_o the_o court._n thus_o i_o think_v i_o have_v show_v that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o declare_v at_o northampton_n that_o the_o bishop_n be_v bind_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n to_o be_v present_a and_o to_o give_v their_o vote_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n as_o such_o be_v capital_a but_o rather_o it_o not_o be_v a_o capital_a case_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n demand_v judgement_n that_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n be_v by_o that_o constitution_n oblige_v to_o be_v there_o admit_v that_o this_o constitution_n be_v no_o law_n prohibit_v clergyman_n to_o vote_n in_o capital_n only_o oblige_v they_o to_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o tenure_n and_o leave_v they_o to_o act_v in_o matter_n of_o blood_n according_a as_o they_o think_v themselves_o bind_v by_o the_o canon_n yet_o i_o think_v herein_o it_o appear_v that_o those_o canon_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o temporalty_n and_o so_o become_v law_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o this_o the_o question_n here_o be_v 1._o first_o what_o the_o canon_n law_n prohibit_v 2._o what_o force_v that_o prohibition_n have_v at_o this_o day_n 1._o the_o author_n of_o the_o grand_a question_n have_v i_o conceive_v misrepresent_v the_o sense_n of_o lanfranc_n canon_n concern_v this_o matter_n which_o he_o have_v render_v thus_o that_o no_o bishop_n or_o clergyman_n shall_v condemn_v a_o man_n to_o death_n 27._o or_o give_v vote_n in_o the_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n here_o he_o confine_v the_o prohibition_n to_o the_o final_a judgement_n only_o and_o yet_o say_v lanfranc_n have_v bring_v the_o canon_n of_o the_o eleven_o council_n of_o toledo_n into_o england_n so_o that_o lanfranc_n and_o that_o of_o toledo_n he_o yield_v must_v speak_v the_o same_o thing_n that_o of_o toledo_n be_v this_o his_o à _fw-la quibus_fw-la domini_fw-la sacramenta_fw-la tractanda_fw-la sunt_fw-la 553._o judicium_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la agitare_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la magnopere_fw-la talium_fw-la excessibus_fw-la prohibendum_fw-la est_fw-la nequi_fw-la praesumptionis_fw-la motibus_fw-la agitati_fw-la aut_fw-la quod_fw-la morte_fw-la plectandum_fw-la est_fw-la sententiâ_fw-la propriâ_fw-la judicari_fw-la praesumant_fw-la aut_fw-la truncationes_fw-la quaslibet_fw-la membrorum_fw-la quibuslibet_fw-la personis_fw-la aut_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la inferant_fw-la aut_fw-la inferendas_fw-la praecipiant_fw-la his_o à _fw-la quibus_fw-la domini_fw-la sacramenta_fw-la tractanda_fw-la sunt_fw-la undeniable_o reach_v to_o bishop_n as_o well_o as_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o so_o remove_v the_o cavil_n which_o many_o make_v upon_o some_o canon_n or_o law_n mention_v clerk_n or_o clerus_fw-la only_o here_o it_o be_v lay_v down_o for_o a_o principle_n non_fw-la debent_fw-la agitare_fw-la judicia_fw-la they_o must_v not_o to_o debate_v upon_o such_o judgement_n or_o try_v such_o cause_n that_o be_v as_o petrus_n blesensis_n express_v it_o 〈…〉_z eadem_fw-la tractare_fw-la disputando_fw-la &_o disceptando_fw-la de_fw-la 〈◊〉_d now_o can_v we_o think_v the_o wise_a council_n of_o toledo_n understand_v sense_n so_o little_a to_o declare_v that_o clergyman_n ought_v not_o to_o debate_v about_o or_o try_v such_o cause_n and_o therefore_o shall_v prohibit_v only_o the_o final_a judgement_n nay_o it_o be_v very_o clear_a that_o they_o agreeable_o to_o the_o maxim_n they_o receive_v forbid_v they_o quod_fw-la morte_fw-la plectendume_v sententiâ_fw-la propriâ_fw-la judicare_fw-la to_o judge_v of_o or_o try_v the_o matter_n or_o cause_n in_o their_o own_o person_n not_o but_o that_o where_o the_o king_n give_v they_o judicium_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la &_o membrorum_fw-la as_o we_o find_v in_o linwood_n they_o may_v delegate_v authority_n to_o other_o to_o judge_v without_o breach_n at_o least_o of_o after_o canon_n but_o this_o of_o toledo_n i_o conceive_v whole_o shut_v they_o out_o from_o the_o cause_n or_o trial_n of_o it_o and_o according_a to_o this_o very_a author_n this_o canon_n of_o toledo_n be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o explanatory_n of_o lanfranc_n which_o be_v much_o short_a and_o less_o express_v yet_o come_v to_o the_o same_o in_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o council_n 27._o which_o receive_v the_o abovecited_a canon_n of_o toledo_n lanfranc_n we_o have_v in_o these_o word_n iterum_fw-la ut_fw-la nullus_fw-la episcopus_fw-la vel_fw-la abbas_n 11._o seu_fw-la quilibet_fw-la ex_fw-la clero_fw-la hominem_fw-la occidendum_fw-la vel_fw-la membris_fw-la truncandis_fw-la judicet_fw-la vel_fw-la judicantibus_fw-la suae_fw-la autoritatis_fw-la favorem_fw-la accommodet_fw-la this_o speak_v of_o the_o man_n guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n worthy_a of_o death_n or_o loss_n of_o member_n the_o other_o of_o the_o cause_n or_o matter_n which_o be_v tantamount_n but_o by_o this_o they_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v themselves_o nor_o sit_v by_o while_o other_o judge_v or_o any_o way_n contribute_v