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A19072 Politique discourses upon trueth and lying An instruction to princes to keepe their faith and promise: containing the summe of Christian and morall philosophie, and the duetie of a good man in sundrie politique discourses vpon the trueth and lying. First composed by Sir Martyn Cognet ... Newly translated out of French into English, by Sir Edward Hoby, Knight.; Instruction aux princes pour garder la foy promise. English Coignet, Matthieu, sieur de La Thuillerie, 1514-1586.; Hoby, Edward, Sir, 1560-1617. 1586 (1586) STC 5486; ESTC S108450 244,085 262

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Sam. 16.7 Isaiah 29.13 Iob. 8.13 The dutie of mā tovvards God Diogines Confession of sinne a remedie Ad pop ho. 24. Psal 32.2 Iohn 18.37 1. Iohn 2.1 Rom. 6.18 1. Thess 4.4 1. Cor. 6.19 Ieremiah 5.3 Iames. 2.20 Luke 1.75 Titus 2.11 1. Iohn Psalm 130.4 De la. vita be 1. ch 6. The effectes of good vvorkes 2. Pet. 1.10 Mat. 5.16 1. Timoth. 1. 2. Cor. 9.2 Gal. 5.22 Ephes 4.4 1. Thes 5.22 Cantie 5.3 Integritie of life required in a Christiā Col. 3.1 Phil. 4.5 2. Tim. 2.1 Phil. 4.8 Cor. 7.1.2 Ephes 4.20 Tit. 8.16 Mat. 7.20 Col. 1.10 Hinderances to the trueth Charitie De doct ch lib. 1. car 23. Man is not onely borne for him selfe Nilus a bishop Tvvo sortes of Christians Isaiah 52. Psal 4.1 119. God is blasphemed and dishonored by our vvickednes The crueltie of the Spaniards tovvardes the Indians Aduertismēt to amende our life Godly exercise Mat. 25 34. 2. Cor. 9.8 1. Tim. 6.18 Exod. 18 21. VVho ought to be rulers Exod. 27.30 VRIM Pythagoras Demosthenes Pythagoras Epaminondas Pyndarus Pyrrhus Fabritius Bishops in time past Zachar. Psal 38.56.135 Isaiah 54. Demonar King Iohn Titus Liuius Attilius Regulus Antiochus Ptolome Epiphanes Popilius Cato Custome of the Romains Scipio Asiaticus A good aduise of a liar reiected Artabanus iudge of the controuersie betvvene Xerxes and Ariamenes Parlement of Paris Lether money Cyrus Zonare VVherein a princes treasor most consisteth King Francis 1. Henry 2. Princes trevv and keping their promise beloued of their subiectes King Pharamonde named Warmond Xenephon Faith● of princes Isocrates Marcus Antonius Faith once broken of vvhat importance King Attalus Caesar Cicinnatus Augustus The Romans performers of their promises Ioshua 9 20. VVhen faith is broken Remedie Nice shamefastnes Zeno. Notable examples not to grant that is vniust Rutilius Agesilaus Alexander Frederick Sigismond The punishment vengeance vpon such as broke their faith 2. Kings 25.7 Caracalla Iustinian Cleomenes Ladislaus Cardinal Iulian. Frenchmen Adrian Pope Alexander 6. Pope Iulius 2. Pope Andronicus Conneus Loys Sforce Michael Paleologue Charles duke of Burgondy Gregorie 7. Pope Rodolph Emperour Christierne king of Danemarke Richard the 3. king of England Boccace Cato Cardinal Caraffe Troubles caused by religion Hovv a man may dispense vvith a promise Nevv matters strāge nevv and strange counsell l. 6. de iurieur Iudges 11.30 Alexander L. placuit L. de iudi Necessitie the mother of dispensations The effectes of trueth Ezech. 2.6 Zecha 8.3 5.8 Poneropolis a citie builded by k. Philip. Praise of Frenchmen 1. Dec. l. 5. Rhenanus Agathius Odo Regino Chron. l. 1. v. 32. Frenchmen preferred before Almaine Frenchmen blamed Plato Lavves not to be altered The counsel of the Persians Daniel 6.8 Ester 8 8. Diodorus Demosthenes Marseilles Paler l. 2. ch 15. Paulus Aemilius Plato Xenophon Change a matter dangerous Titus Liuius Aristotle Plato Hydra Orpheus I. in rebus de consta princi Bernarde Galba Emperour Plutarque Pausanias Solon Nomothetes in Greece Thucidides Gellius l. 12. cap. 1. Colum l 2. c. 4. Plato 4. de legibus De●ad 4. Terence Solon l. 2. c. 3. de baptis com Don. Policie in a Prince Plutarque Tacitus Titus Liuius Cicero Hipocrates Guychardine a true vvriter iustifieth the Frenchemen condemne●h the Venetians The inconstancie of strangers Auentin Crans Italian Prudence Italian vvriters not of credit Ierosme Beuzo Of dansing ● 3. c. 8. Prou. 4.26 ● aut damnat de panis Heb. 11.25 Prou. 6.27 Isaiah Dancing condemned by the doctors of the church Basil Chrysostome S. Ambrose Augustine Inconueniences happened by dancing K. Charles 6. Origen Plutarcke Iudg. 21.23 Council 30. 33. Exod. 16.29 31.13 Deut. 5.14 Leuit. 23.3 Heb. 3.11 4.3 1. Cor. 5.8 Isaiah 66.23 VVhy holy daies be ordained Coloss Isaiah 58.13 Prophaning of holy daies Math. 12.36 Isaiah 1.14 Amos 5.21 8.10 Antisthenes Pleas and Saytes Chilo All nations noted of vice and imperfections Ciuill vvarres Choler and headines enemies to good counsell Throughly to consider of our deliberations and enterprises Iphicrates Exercise of vvhat efficacy and force The ende of the birth of man Pro. 21 5. 29.20 Constancye Iustice Temperance Good counsell causeth good succes Criminall causes l. 3. ch of the vvarreof the Ieuves Li. 2. ch 16. Patience Li. 4. ch 1. Choler A custome to euill most dangerous Fabius surnamed the linguerer Scipio To estrange our selues frō filthy talke company Eph. 5 4 Tit. 2. Tim. 5. Eccles 7 2. Eccles Cassiodorus lib. 5. Not to much to loue ones selfe Isocrates Basil Commen li. 7 Obedience Thucidides Dammages in vvarres VVarly discipline Aucthors of vvarre punished VVarre vnnecessarie Murther Archidamus Xenophon Augustus Study in learning Xenocrates Socrates Of the soule and bodie Theophrastes Plutarque Dissolutnesse To refraine our concupiscences Prouer. Monsters subdued Reuenge forbidden Mat. 5.5 Ioh. 4.20 Not to differ Alexander Diligence of Caesar Religion Eph. 4 14. Heb. 13.6 Philosophers despisers of the vvorlde Christians Nature contented vvith litle Possidonius Mans life cōpared to a game at draughts Not to care for to morrovve Vessels in heauen ful of desteneis VVhat profit ensueth the contempt of riches and pleasures Pheraulas Anacreon Zeno. Philoxenes Seneca Anacharsis Scipio Epaminundas Camillus Hope of the Christians Hosea 11. Rom. 8.28 Eccles 39.27 Cicero Plato 2. King 4.41 Exod. 15.25 Exod. 3.2 VVordly accidents hovv easie to be borne Rom. 8.33 Iob. 5.18 Contentmēt and trevve riches A publique solemne prayer changed by Scipio Antiochus Philip K. of Macedon God doth depriue vs of such thinges as vve are to far in loue vvith for our ovvne good Mat. 6.20 The meane is to be kept both in prosperity and adversitie Iudges 14.8 The abuse of gifts and graces of God True riches in heauen Ecclesiast Psal 112.7 The benefit of aduersitie Pouertie a singuler gift of God Riches an occasion of the ruine of many Prou 2. 14 Men more giuen to naughtines then goodnes Ierem. 32.41 Hosea 2.6 Affliction the saulce of prayer A wise man in eache fortune behaueth him selfe alike Content with little Chrisostome To what ende welth serueth Apollonius Goodnes and riches seldome coupled together Diogenes Seneca Matth. 5.3 Prosperitie doubted and suspected K. Amasias S. Ambrose S. Ierom. S. Chrisostom Exod. 12.26 13.8 14. Deut. 4.25 6.7 7.3 Eph. 6.4 The instruction of children commaunded Moral vertues Comō schooles erected Alexander Commines Leo Emperour Guichardin li. 10. Sophronistes Learning Praise of scilence and few wordes Pithagoras his scholers Lycurgus the law giuer of the Lacedemonians The answer of K. Francis the great Cato Piso Geese Cranes and quailes Calisthenes Simonides Xenocrates Apollonius K. Philip the faire K. Francis 1. Zeno. Speach hardly tempered Alexandridas Cleomenes Philip king of Macedon Prou. 17.27 Harpocrates Angerona Pembo Psal 39.1 Custome obserued in receiuing a Cardinall Amb. lib. 2. de virgin Metallus Charles 8. Antigonus K. Lycimachus Prouerb 25.3 Eccl. 27.16 Alexander Ephestion Pompey Anacharsis
before that to the Earle of S. Pol was vanquished and all yl hap accompanied him euer after Hildebran otherwise named Gregorie the seuenth sware an accorde with the Emperour Henrie the fourth from whome as soone as he was departed he created Rodolph Emperour who afterwards was ouercome by the said Henrie and seeing his hand cut off said vnto the Bishops Beholde the hande which I did lift vp when I made the othe of fidelitie to the Emperour And anon after he dyed the said Pope was deposed put to flight Which ought to serue for an example to great personages to hold their promises I will not here forget what we haue seene of our time happen to Christierne king of Danemarke who for hauing broken his faith giuen to his subiectes was depriued his realme and afterwardes liued miserably for al the succours which he receiued from Charles the fift Emperour As also the histories recite of one Richard who caused his nephewes to be murthered and his neaces to be declared bastardes to make him selfe king of England but he was afterwarde vanquished and put to flight by one as then scarce knowen I omit sundrie examples set foorth by Boccace in nine bookes which hee wrote touching the misaduentures of notable personages which euerie one may reade And could here touch that which Plutarch writeth of Catoes opposing him selfe to the sacrifices which they would make for the victorie obtained by Caesar against the Almaines meaning that they ought to had deliuered it for them whome he had outragiouslie wronged and contrarie to the peace they had made with the people of Rome to the ende to cast vppon him alone the fault they had committed in violating their faith And without searching of any further examples thorough the folliciting of Cardinall Caraffe sent from Pope Paul the thirde thorough other mens ambition was there broken a most honorable truce and thereby a great warre vndertaken which had verie yll successe I passe ouer in scilence the great calamities ruynes dissipations disorders excesse losses dissolutions subuersions of states rauishments mischiefes happened in Christendome since thirtie yeres past thorough a dispensation which men take to vyolate their faith promise and Edictes And wee haue verie great occasion to beseeche God that hee will giue remedie thereto and hinder these defiances euill fortunes diuisions and stormes which as yet are like to happen And albeit that according to Bias opinion no excuse is to be receiued to make one able to breake his promise neuerthelesse he ought not to bee accused for a lyar who maye not lawfully keepe it for some iust occasion afterwardes happened vnto him As if a mad man shoulde demaunde the sworde which hee had giuen another to keepe or if a more mightie man shoulde oppose him selfe or if by that means another would attempt against his person or estate which did promise or if thee keeping of his promise should turne him to any great dishonor mischiefe errour fraude or any other preiudice not to be recouered For matters not alreadie in practise strange and newe require a newe counsell according to the saying of the lawers who euen dispense with a promise after an oth taken And often times men promise with an intent to accōplish that which lyeth not in their power through an indispositiō or matter fallen out of more great importance As the vowe and promise which Iephthe made ought to be otherwise interpreted And as Alexander did hauing promised he woulde slaye the first that should come out of the town killed an asse in lieu of him that led her as by equitie the rigour of a lawe is often times moderated And auncient men haue saide that Necessitie is the mother of dispensation It is likewise excusable if any preiudice or interest happen not thorough the not accomplishing of a promise CHAP. XI Effects of the truth with exhortation not to change the statutes or lawes and not to daunce vpon holydayes praise of French men a solution of that for which they are blamed IF the light of the truth take frō vs the vaile which blemisheth our iudgement wee shall modestly behaue our selues without any colour or disguising in our wordes habites or anie other our actions We shal knowe how we ought to render vnto God al reuerence obedience trust prayers actions of thankesgiuing and praise with peace in our spirits and how we ought to honour loue serue and succour all kind of persons We shal be readie to obey our King his lawes and Magistrates and wisely to commaund ouer subiectes wee shall haue sufficient of little magnanimitie easie accesse humanitie a nature not dissembling nor fained constancie in our counsels and enterprises with a resolution alwayes to do that which our duetie commaundeth we shall not be dissolute in pleasures nor insolent in prosperitie nor too much carried away with our passions wee shal contemne death and the dangers thereof in respect of a better life we shal lose no hart in aduersitie we shall rightfully followe what either is to be chosen or left treading vpon the thornes of this life without pricking vs and vpon Scorpions without feeling their venome as it is written in Ezekiel And would to God that al French men might so know the beautie of this trueth that they might become amorous thereof altogither cast off their lying vnconstancie to the end they might no more be cast in the teeth with not performing their promises that the citie of Paris might of euerie one be called the citie of truth as the Prophet Zecariah called the citie of Ierusalem and according to his vision God placed a woman in the middest of the Ephah named Iniquitie vpon the mouth whereof he cast a weight of lead because she should not escape Or as Philip king of Macedon assembled togither the most wicked persons and furthest from correction of al his subiects and put them into a town which he builded of purpose and named it Poneropolis that is the citie of wicked persons So that there mought be sent inclosed in some one place in France al such as do delight in inconstancie lightnes falshod against promise and trueth seditions lyings pilling extortion knauerie cousinage pernitious inuentions murthers reproches and periuries to the ende that the rest might liue in greater honor peace reputation credit Nowe standing not at all vpon the praise which proceedeth from the beginning auncestors of Frenchmen not being pertinent hereunto may easily be seen in the hystoriographers I wil thus much say for Frenchmē that if we consider their antiquitie pietie valour manhod courage humanitie mercie gentlenes dexteritie quicknesse of spirit and al other their vertues and perfections they giue place to no nation vnder the Sunne whatsoeuer but rather excelleth it as a Frenche man said to the Embassadours of Rome in Titus Liuius And there be diuers graue writers
when they followed any euill counsell albeit it succeeded wel the which was long time obserued in the kingdome of Persia For as Brutus wrote vnto Cicero a man once placed in great dignitie hath more to do to mainetaine the grace and reputation which he hath alreadie gotten then he which doth but beginne to get Euen as King Philip aunswered Arpalus who greatly did importunate him to reuerse a suite that a kinsman of his had in the law it were better that thy Cosen in the estate which he is in be defamed through his owne outragiousnesse then that I who am a King commaunding ouer so great a countrey should giue cause to my subiects to speake euill of me for hauing done so great iniustice eyther in fauour of him or thee As also the great Kinge Artaxerxes gaue a great summe of money to a gentleman of his chamber in steede of a suyte he besought at his handes which well hee mought not graunt saying that for giuing that he should not be the lesse rich but if he had yeelded to what he vniustly craued hee should haue beene lesse esteemed and not haue performed the dutie of a good King which aboue all thinges ought to haue in price iustice and equitie For as Pliny declared vnto Traian his Master The life of a Prince is a censure that is to saye the rule the square the frame and forme of an honeste life according to which their subiectes frame the manner of their life and order their families and rather from the life of Princes doe subiectes take their paterne and examples then from their lawes This was it which moued Isocrates to write vnto Nicocles it serueth to proue that thou hast wel gouerned if thou see thy subiectes become more modest and riche vnder thy Empire For the subiectes followe the example of their Princes as certaine flowers turne according to the Sunne And Theodoric the K. of the Goths wrote vnto the Senate of Rome that the course of nature would fayle before the people would bee other then their Prince And Claudian was of opinion that the edictes and lawes were not so well able to amende and temper the maners and hearts of the people as did the good life of their gouerners And in Hosea it is written that there shalbe like people like Priest Xenophon in the eight of his Pedion writeth that subiectes are as it were enforced to doe well when they see their Princes temperate not giuen to vniustice and for the most parte fashion themselues according to their moulde For this cause great personages haue the more neede to haue good counsellours about them whose vnderstanding mouthes eyes and eares maye serue them to make them better able to acquite themselues of their charge as Aristotle saith And it were to be wished that they were not corrupt but wel remember what Plinie the yonger wrote vnto Traian that a Prince ought onely to wil that which he may Quintus Cursius writeth that a Prince rather ought to imploy his time and to spende in getting and maintaining a wise counseler about him then in conquests Anthonie the Emperour onely amended his manners by the report of those as he had sent about the citie to vnderstande what was saide of him And the Emperour Theodosius the second copyed out with his owne hande al the new testament and red euery day one Chapter and made his prayers and soung Psalmes togither with his wife and sisters And many haue commended the custome of diuers of our Kinges and especially saint Lewes who when they rose out of their bed kneeled downe thanking God that he had preserued them that night beseeching him to pardon them their sinnes for his mercies sake and to continue them in his holie custodie and fauour to the ende that without offending of him they might employ all the daye to his honour and acquite themselues of the charge which he had bestowed on them And they caused a Chapter of the Bible or some other good booke to be red while they apparelled them selues the better to teache them to gouerne For to rule is as much to saye as to amende what is amisse or awrie And in Deutronomie it is commaunded the King to haue the booke of the lawe and to read therin al the dayes of his life as aboue wee haue noted was enioyned to Iosua And it is written in Iob that wee shoulde enquire of the former age and search of our fathers because of our ignorance And in the Prouerbes Where no Councell is the people fall but where manye Councellors are there is health And that health commeth from manie Councellors but good councel proceedeth from God And wee see by sundrie histories that such Emperours as haue contemned the Senate haue had a verie euil ende And that some of our Kinges though they were but of meane capacitie yet so guyded themselues thorough Counsell that they atchieued great matters And Thucidides called them bondmen slaues and of verie base mindes that were led by lewde Councell Edward King of Englande saide of King Charles the fifth surnamed the wise that hee feared more the learning and remembrances of that wise King then he did the puissant armies of his predecessour And K. Lewys the eleuenth sayde it was as much as to fish with a hook of golde to sende an armie beyonde the mountaines where the losse is assuredly greater then can be the profit Agamemnon said in Homer that hee had rather choose two like vnto his old counsellor Nestor then so manye Achilles or Aiax Darius King of the Persians and Medes made great account of Daniel Pericles had about him Anaxagoras Cato Anthenodorus Scipio hauing in charge and beeing appointed to goe looke and sounde out what iustice raigned through the worlde presently sent to fetch Panetius and oftentimes serued his turne through the councel of Lelius Iulius Caesar tooke aduise of Aristo Augustus of Mecenas Pompeye of Cratippus Nero al the fiue first yeres of his Empire wisely conducted him selfe through the counsell of Seneca Marcus Antonius had Apollodorus Demetrius Crates of whome he was wont to say that hee conned small thankes to his businesse and affaires which so much hindered him from sooner hauinge attained to knowledge Pyrrhus sayde likewise of Cineas his councellor that hee more esteemed his eloquence then the valour of all his Captaines Alexander the great had in high estimation Anaxarques and Aristotle to whome he confessed that hee owed no lesse vnto them then to his owne father hauing of the one receiued life but of the other to be able to liue well and that the best munition weapons and maintainance of warre that he had were the discourses hee had learned of Philosophie and the preceptes touching the assurance of fearing nought and the diligence in differring nothing that was to be done Cyrus vsed the counsell of Xenophon Craesus King of Lydia