publication_n for_o the_o common_a liberty_n weal_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o nation_n i_o commend_v both_o they_o and_o thou_o to_o god_n tuition_n and_o benediction_n william_n prynne_n lincoln_n inn_n december_n 6._o 1656._o a_o seasonable_a legal_a and_o historical_a vindication_n of_o the_o good_a old_a fundamental_a liberty_n right_n and_o law_n of_o england_n chapter_n 3._o section_n 4._o comprehend_v a_o brief_a collection_n of_o all_o the_o most_o observable_a parliamentary_a council_n synod_n convention_n public_a contest_v debate_n war_n historical_a proceed_n passage_n record_n relate_v to_o the_o fundamental_a liberty_n franchise_n right_n custom_n and_o government_n of_o the_o people_n under_o our_o english_a saxon_n king_n from_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 600_o till_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edmund_n ironside_n and_o reign_v of_o cnute_n the_o danish_a king_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1017._o with_o some_o brief_a observation_n on_o and_o from_o the_o same_o in_o the_o 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entitle_v textus_fw-la rosfensis_fw-la of_o which_o i_o have_v give_v you_o some_o account_n before_o section_n 3._o p._n 50_o 51_o 52._o on_o which_o you_o may_v reflect_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 627_o 632._o paulinus_n persuade_v edwin_n king_n of_o northumberland_n to_o become_v a_o christian_n to_o avod_v eternal_a torment_n and_o to_o be_v make_v a_o partaker_n of_o the_o kongdom_n of_o heaven_n the_o king_n answer_v that_o he_o be_v both_o willing_a and_o â—ught_v to_o receive_v the_o faith_n which_o he_o teach_v but_o he_o ought_v first_o to_o confer_v with_o his_o friend_n prince_n and_o counsellor_n concern_v it_o thâ—â—_n so_o if_o they_o concur_v in_o judgement_n with_o â—im_n â—â—ey_o may_v all_o be_v baptise_v together_o assemble_v therefore_o his_o wiseman_n and_o advise_v with_o they_o he_o â—emanded_v several_o of_o they_o all_o what_o that_o doctrine_n which_o they_o never_o hear_v of_o till_o then_o and_o that_o new_a worship_n of_o god_n which_o be_v preach_v by_o paulinus_n seem_v to_o tâ—em_v 6._o to_o who_o coyfi_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o priest_n present_o answer_v do_v thou_o consider_v o_o king_n what_o that_o religion_n be_v which_o be_v now_o preach_v to_o we_o i_o profess_v unto_o thou_o that_o which_o i_o have_v most_o certain_o learn_v that_o the_o religion_n we_o have_v hitherto_o embrace_v have_v no_o virtue_n at_o all_o in_o it_o whereupon_o it_o remain_v that_o if_o those_o new_a thing_n which_o be_v now_o preach_v unto_o we_o shall_v appear_v to_o thou_o upon_o examination_n to_o be_v better_a and_o strong_a than_o our_o religion_n let_v we_o hasten_v to_o embrace_v they_o without_o any_o delay_n to_o who_o wise_a persuasion_n and_o word_n another_o of_o the_o king_n noble_n give_v his_o assent_n speak_v something_o concern_v the_o brevity_n and_o incertainty_n of_o this_o life_n and_o of_o their_o ignorance_n and_o incertainty_n of_o that_o life_n which_o be_v to_o come_v conclude_a that_o if_o this_o new_a doctrine_n 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fruit_n or_o benefit_n we_o shall_v now_o present_o execrate_v and_o burn_v upon_o â—his_fw-la without_o more_o debate_n the_o king_n open_o give_v his_o assent_n to_o the_o preach_n of_o paulinus_n &_o renounce_v idolatry_n confess_v â—hat_n he_o do_v embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o
torture_v they_o to_o discover_v where_o their_o treasure_n be_v break_v up_o all_o the_o tomb_n pillage_v and_o burn_v the_o abbey_n with_o all_o the_o edifice_n thereof_o leave_v it_o a_o mere_a ruinous_a heap_n then_o march_v on_o lay_v all_o the_o country_n waste_v before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n spare_v neither_o person_n age_n nor_o sex_n they_o cast_v down_o burn_v destroy_v and_o level_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o goodly_a monastery_n of_o bradney_n peterborough_n huntingdon_n ely_n with_o sundry_a other_o murder_v as_o well_o all_o the_o monk_n as_o nun_n therein_o which_o their_o merciless_a sword_n after_o they_o have_v first_o pollute_v they_o to_o avoid_v who_o barbarous_a rape_n 383._o ebba_n abbess_n of_o coldingham_n and_o her_o nun_n by_o her_o example_n and_o persuasion_n cut_v off_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o nose_n to_o deform_v themselves_o to_o their_o lascivious_a eye_n which_o bloody_a spectacle_n preserve_v their_o chastity_n from_o their_o lust_n but_o not_o their_o monastery_n or_o body_n from_o their_o cruelty_n they_o burn_v they_o and_o their_o nunnery_n to_o ash_n 870._o 2.4_o after_o which_o the_o same_o year_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n march_v against_o st._n edmund_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 855._o be_v choose_v king_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la illius_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la et_fw-la populis_fw-la by_o all_o the_o nobless_a and_o people_n of_o that_o realm_n be_v spring_v from_o the_o ancient_a royal_a blood_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o compel_v to_o take_v the_o government_n on_o he_o much_o against_o his_o will_n be_v then_o but_o 13_o year_n old_a and_o consecrate_a king_n by_o bishop_n humbert_n in_o the_o royal_a town_n call_v bury_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o malice_n to_o this_o king_n as_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n write_v be_v this_o that_o he_o be_v malicious_o accuse_v to_o have_v murder_v their_o father_n lothbroc_n drive_v by_o a_o sudden_a storm_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n into_o england_n as_o he_o be_v hawk_v at_o fowl_n by_o this_o king_n faulkoner_n who_o have_v murder_v himself_o out_o of_o mere_a malice_n be_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o knight_n and_o lawyer_n banish_v the_o realm_n and_o put_v alone_o into_o lothbrocs_n boat_n without_o oâ—re_n or_o sail_n for_o murder_v he_o and_o so_o send_v to_o sea_n be_v drive_v in_o it_o into_o denmark_n to_o excuse_v himself_o he_o malicious_o accuse_v the_o king_n of_o this_o murder_n to_o these_o his_o son_n who_o thereupon_o invade_v england_n with_o a_o army_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o at_o this_o time_n so_o extraordinary_o prevail_v aâ—d_v overrun_v the_o land_n be_v the_o civil_a discord_n war_n and_o emulation_n among_o the_o saxon_a king_n who_o either_o out_o of_o malice_n or_o ambition_n to_o advance_v their_o own_o dominion_n or_o base_a unworthy_a fear_n will_v rather_o induce_v these_o common_a enemy_n to_o overrun_v they_o than_o assist_v one_o another_o against_o they_o which_o 42._o william_n of_o malmesburie_n thus_o express_v meminerit_fw-la interea_fw-la lector_n quod_fw-la interim_n reges_fw-la merciorum_fw-la et_fw-la northanimbrorum_fw-la captata_fw-la occasione_n â—dventus_fw-la danorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la bellis_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la iâ—sudabat_fw-la a_o servitio_fw-la west-saxonum_n respirantes_fw-la dominaâ—ionem_fw-la svam_fw-la penè_fw-la asseruerant_fw-la ardebant_fw-la ergo_fw-la cunctae_fw-la saevis_fw-la popularibus_fw-la provinciae_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la regum_fw-la inimicos_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la sedibus_fw-la sustinere_fw-la quam_fw-la compatrioâ—is_fw-la laborantibus_fw-la opem_fw-la porrigere_fw-la curabat_fw-la ita_fw-la dum_fw-la maluit_fw-la vindicare_fw-la quam_fw-la praevenire_fw-la injuriam_fw-la socordiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la exanguem_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la patriam_fw-la dani_n sine_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la succressere_fw-la dum_fw-la et_fw-la provincialibus_fw-la timor_fw-la incresceret_fw-la et_fw-la proxima_fw-la quaeq_fw-la victoria_fw-la per_fw-la additamentum_fw-la captiâ—orum_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la sequentis_fw-la fieret_fw-la etc._n etc._n northanimbri_n jamdudâ—m_fw-la civilibus_fw-la dissentionibus_fw-la â—luctuantes_n adventante_fw-la host_n correxerunt_fw-la discordiam_fw-la itaque_fw-la osbirthum_fw-la regem_fw-la quem_fw-la expulerant_fw-la in_fw-la solium_fw-la reformaâ—tes_fw-la magnosque_fw-la moliti_fw-la paratus_fw-la obviam_fw-la procâ—dunt_fw-la sed_fw-la facilè_fw-la pulsi_fw-la infra_fw-la urbem_fw-la eboracum_n se_fw-la includunt_fw-la quâ_fw-la mox_fw-la à _fw-la victoribus_fw-la succensâ_fw-la cum_fw-la laxos_fw-la crines_fw-la effusior_fw-la flamma_fw-la produceret_fw-la tota_fw-la depascens_fw-la maenia_fw-la ipsi_fw-la quoque_fw-la conflagrati_fw-la patriam_fw-la ossibus_fw-la texêre_fw-la suis_fw-la mercii_n non_fw-la semel_fw-la obtriti_fw-la obsidatu_fw-la miserias_fw-la svas_fw-la levaverunt_fw-la at_o vero_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la multis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la infractus_fw-la obiit_fw-la orientalium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la pagi_fw-la cum_fw-la urbibus_fw-la et_fw-la vicis_fw-la à _fw-la praedonibus_fw-la possessi_fw-la rex_fw-la eorum_fw-la sanctus_fw-la edmundus_n ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la interemptust_fw-la anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 870._o 12_o calendas_fw-la decembris_fw-la temporaneae_fw-la mortis_fw-la compendio_fw-la regnum_fw-la emit_fw-la aeternum_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o king_n edmund_n martyrdom_n 3._o historian_n thus_o relate_v an._n 870._o hinguar_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n invade_v king_n edmund_n realm_n with_o a_o great_a power_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o king_n edmund_n to_o demand_v the_o half_a of_o his_o treasure_n and_o wealth_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o realm_n under_o he_o threaten_v otherwise_o to_o waste_v his_o kingdom_n and_o extirpate_v he_o and_o his_o people_n sed_fw-la nimis_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la hinguar_n thesauros_fw-la exigebat_fw-la qui_fw-la clementissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la caput_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la pecuntas_fw-la sitiebat_fw-la write_v 370._o matthew_n westminster_n where_o upon_o bishop_n humbeâ—t_n advise_v he_o to_o fly_v â—rom_o the_o dane_n who_o approach_v with_o their_o force_n towards_o he_o to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o king_n wisheâ—_n will_v to_o god_n that_o i_o may_v preserve_v the_o life_n of_o my_o subject_n for_o who_o i_o desire_v to_o lay_v down_o my_o life_n for_o this_o be_v my_o chief_a wish_n that_o i_o may_v not_o survive_v my_o faithful_a subject_n and_o most_o dear_a friend_n which_o this_o cruâ—l_a pirate_n have_v thievish_o slay_v neither_o will_v i_o stain_v my_o glory_n by_o slâ—ght_n who_o never_o yet_o sustain_v the_o reproach_n of_o waâ—re_n the_o heavenly_a king_n also_o be_v my_o witness_n that_o no_o fear_n of_o the_o barbarian_n shall_v separate_v i_o from_o the_o love_n of_o christ_n whether_o live_v or_o dead_a then_o turn_v to_o the_o messenger_n of_o hinguar_n he_o say_v thou_o be_v worthy_a to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v wâ—t_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o my_o people_n but_o imitate_v the_o example_n of_o my_o christ_n if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v i_o be_o not_o afraid_a willing_o to_o die_v for_o they_o return_v therefore_o speedy_o to_o thy_o master_n and_o carry_v my_o answer_n to_o he_o although_o thou_o take_v away_o my_o treasure_n and_o riches_n whiâ—h_v the_o divine_a clemency_n have_v give_v i_o by_o thy_o power_n yet_o thou_o shall_v never_o subject_v i_o to_o thy_o infidelity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o honest_a thing_n to_o defend_v perpetual_a liberty_n together_o with_o purity_n of_o religion_n for_o which_o also_o if_o there_o be_v need_n we_o think_v it_o not_o unprofitable_a to_o die_v therefore_o as_o thy_o proud_a cruâ—lâ—y_n have_v begin_v after_o the_o servant_n slaughter_n cut_v thou_o the_o king_n throatâ—_n because_o the_o king_n of_o king_n see_v these_o thing_n 8._o will_v translate_v i_o into_o heaven_n there_o to_o reign_v eternal_o the_o messenger_n depart_v the_o king_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n aâ—firmingâ—_n that_o it_o be_v a_o worthy_a thing_n to_o fight_v both_o for_o their_o faith_n and_o country_n nota._n leâ—t_v they_o shall_v prove_v deserver_n of_o their_o realm_n and_o betrayer_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o bishop_n humbert_n his_o noble_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o near_o thedford_n fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n the_o place_n be_v all_o die_v red_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o slay_v aâ—_n which_o grievoâ—â—â—ight_a king_n edmund_n be_v much_o grieve_v not_o only_o for_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n â—ightâ—ing_v for_o their_o country_n &_o native_a liberty_n &_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n &_o so_o already_o â—rouned_v with_o martyrdom_n but_o likewise_o for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o barbarous_a infidel_n send_v down_o to_o hell_n in_o great_a number_n which_o he_o overmuch_o lament_v after_o which_o battle_n retire_v to_o hegelsdun_n with_o his_o force_n that_o be_v leave_v he_o immutable_o resolve_v in_o his_o mind_n never_o to_o fight_v battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n more_o say_v only_o this_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o alone_o shall_v die_v for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a nation_n perish_v soon_o after_o hinguars_n army_n be_v recrute_v by_o the_o access_n of_o hubba_n to_o
they_o on_o guild-down_a and_o there_o seize_v upon_o prince_n alfred_n and_o retain_v he_o in_o close_a prison_n when_o he_o be_v hasten_v towards_o london_n to_o confer_v with_o king_n harold_n as_o he_o have_v command_v and_o apprehend_v all_o his_o follower_n he_o ransack_v some_o of_o they_o other_o of_o they_o he_o put_v in_o chain_n and_o afterward_o put_v out_o their_o eye_n some_o of_o they_o he_o torment_v and_o punish_v by_o pull_v off_o the_o skin_n from_o their_o head_n and_o cut_v off_o their_o hand_n and_o foot_n many_o of_o they_o he_o likewise_o command_v to_o be_v sell_v and_o slay_v 600_o man_n of_o they_o at_o gildeford_n with_o various_a and_o cruel_a death_n who_o soul_n be_v believe_v now_o to_o rejoice_v with_o the_o saint_n in_o paradise_n see_v â—heir_a body_n be_v so_o cruel_o slay_v in_o the_o field_n without_o any_o fault_n which_o queen_n emma_n hear_v of_o send_v back_o her_o son_n edward_n who_o remain_v with_o she_o with_o great_a haste_n into_o 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â—o_o instigate_v they_o to_o attempt_v the_o crown_n usurp_v by_o harold_n against_o their_o right_n the_o tenor_n of_o which_o letter_n you_o may_v read_v in_o speed_n this_o letter_n be_v cunning_o carry_v &_o digest_v by_o alfred_n as_o savour_v of_o no_o falsehood_n he_o return_v answer_v he_o will_v come_v short_o over_o to_o attend_v his_o mother_n design_n which_o harold_n be_v inform_v of_o forelaye_n the_o coast_n to_o apprehand_n he_o upon_o his_o come_n on_o shore_n in_o england_n earl_n godwin_n meet_v he_o and_o bind_v his_o assurance_n with_o his_o corporal_a oath_n become_v his_o leigeman_n and_o guide_n to_o queen_n emma_n but_o be_v wrought_v firm_a for_o harold_n treacherous_o lead_v these_o stranger_n a_o contrary_a way_n and_o lodging_n they_o at_o guildford_n in_o several_a company_n there_o tithe_v and_o murder_v they_o as_o aforesaid_a 365._o henry_n huntindon_n the_o 936._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n william_n caxton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n and_o another_o historian_n mention_v by_o 179._o mr._n fox_n record_n that_o this_o murder_n be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n hardecnute_a when_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n by_o common_a assent_n and_o counsel_v send_v into_o normandy_n for_o these_o two_o brethren_n alfred_n and_o edward_n intend_v to_o crown_n alfred_n the_o elder_a brother_n and_o to_o make_v he_o king_n of_o england_n and_o to_o this_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n make_v their_o oath_n but_o earl_n godwin_n of_o west-sax_n seek_v to_o slay_v these_o two_o brethren_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v into_o england_n to_o the_o intent_n he_o may_v make_v harold_n his_o own_o son_n by_o cnutes_n daughter_n or_o sister_n marry_v to_o he_o king_n as_o some_o of_o these_o affirm_v other_o of_o they_o relate_v that_o he_o intend_v only_o to_o destroy_v alfred_n be_v a_o englishman_n by_o the_o father_n but_o a_o norman_a by_o the_o mother_n who_o he_o foresee_v to_o be_v a_o person_n of_o such_o honour_n and_o courage_n that_o he_o will_v disdain_v to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n or_o to_o be_v sway_v by_o he_o and_o then_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n godith_n to_o edward_n the_o young_a brother_n and_o to_o make_v he_o king_n as_o be_v of_o a_o more_o mild_a and_o simple_a disposition_n apt_a to_o be_v rule_v by_o he_o hereupon_o godwin_n go_v to_o southampton_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o two_o brother_n at_o their_o land_n it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o messenger_n send_v into_o normandy_n find_v only_o alfred_n there_o edward_n be_v then_o go_v into_o hungary_n to_o speak_v with_o his_o cousin_n edward_n the_o outlaw_n ironsides_n son_n when_o alfred_n hear_v these_o messenger_n tiding_n he_o thank_v god_n and_o in_o all_o have_v speed_v he_o to_o england_n arrive_v at_o southampton_n with_o some_o of_o his_o mother_n kindred_n and_o many_o of_o his_o fellow-soldier_n of_o like_a age_n who_o be_v norman_n whereupon_o godwin_n intimate_v to_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n that_o alfred_n have_v bring_v over_o too_o great_a a_o company_n of_o norman_n with_o he_o and_o have_v likewise_o promise_v the_o land_n of_o the_o englishman_n to_o they_o and_o therefore_o it_o will_v not_o be_v safe_a to_o instirpate_v such_o a_o valiant_a and_o crafty_a nation_n among_o they_o that_o these_o aught_o to_o undergo_v exemplary_a punishment_n lest_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o alliance_n to_o the_o king_n shall_v presume_v to_o intrude_v themselves_o among_o the_o english_a and_o then_o post_v to_o southampton_n welcome_v and_o receive_v alfred_n with_o much_o joy_n pretend_v to_o conduct_v he_o â—afe_a to_o london_n where_o the_o baron_n wait_v for_o to_o make_v he_o king_n and_o expect_v his_o come_n and_o so_o they_o pass_v forth_o together_o towards_o london_n but_o when_o they_o come_v to_o guild-down_a godwin_n say_v to_o alfredâ—_n lock_v round_o about_o thou_o on_o thy_o right_a hand_n and_o leave_v and_o behold_v what_o a_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v subjugate_v to_o thy_o dominion_n upon_o which_o alfred_n give_v thanks_o to_o god_n present_o promise_v that_o if_o iâ—_n happen_v he_o shall_v be_v crown_v king_n he_o will_v constitute_v such_o law_n as_o shall_v be_v please_v and_o acceptable_a both_o to_o god_n and_o man._n which_o word_n be_v no_o soon_o utter_v but_o the_o traitor_n godwin_n command_v all_o his_o man_n to_o apprehend_v alfred_n and_o to_o slay_v all_o the_o norman_n that_o come_v with_o he_o in_o his_o company_n and_o after_o that_o to_o carry_v alfred_n into_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n and_o there_o to_o put_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n and_o to_o pull_v out_o his_o bowel_n which_o they_o according_o execute_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o so_o die_v this_o innocent_a alfâ—ed_n right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n through_o the_o treason_n of_o wicked_a godwin_n 211._o when_o the_o lord_n of_o england_n hear_v thereof_o and_o how_o alfred_n that_o shall_v have_v be_v their_o â—_z be_v put_v to_o death_n through_o the_o false_a treason_n of_o godwin_n against_o their_o will_n 〈◊〉_d be_v wonderful_a sorrowful_a and_o wrâ—th_a and_o swear_v before_o god_n and_o man_n that_o he_o shall_v die_v a_o worse_a death_n than_o do_v edric_n which_o destroy_v his_o lord_n edmond_n ironside_n and_o will_v immediate_o have_v put_v he_o to_o death_n 8._o but_o that_o the_o traitor_n flee_v and_o escape_v into_o denmark_n and_o there_o continue_v 4._o year_n and_o more_o and_o lose_v all_o his_o land_n rent_n good_n and_o chattel_n in_o england_n confiscate_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n for_o this_o his_o treason_n these_o historian_n though_o they_o somewhat_o vary_v in_o the_o time_n and_o occasion_n of_o prince_n alfred_n death_n yet_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o he_o and_o of_o his_o norman_a soldier_n and_o companion_n treacherous_a barbarous_a murder_n by_o the_o joint_n or_o separate_a
treachery_n of_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n harold_n which_o how_o fatal_a it_o prove_v to_o they_o both_o by_o god_n avenge_a justice_n you_o shall_v hear_v in_o its_o due_a place_n and_o what_o divine_a vengeance_n it_o draw_v at_o last_o on_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n religious_a and_o judicious_a 210._o mr._n john_n fox_n inform_v we_o in_o these_o word_n this_o cruel_a fact_n of_o godwin_n and_o his_o man_n against_o the_o innocent_a norman_n whether_o it_o come_v of_o himself_o or_o of_o the_o king_n set_v on_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v the_o cause_n 8._o why_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n do_v short_o after_o avenge_v the_o quarrel_n of_o these_o norman_n in_o conquer_a and_o subdue_a the_o english_a nation_n by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o the_o norman_n which_o come_v with_o he_o for_o so_o just_a and_o right_o it_o be_v that_o as_o the_o norman_n come_v with_o a_o natural_a english_a prince_n be_v murder_v of_o english_a man_n so_o afterward_o the_o englishman_n shall_v be_v slay_v and_o conquer_v by_o the_o norman_n come_v with_o a_o foreign_a king_n be_v none_o of_o their_o natural_a country_n after_o the_o banishment_n of_o queen_n emma_n out_o of_o and_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n in_o england_n speed_n hardecnute_a delay_v the_o time_n in_o denmark_n 1037._o and_o defer_v his_o come_n inâ—o_o england_n thereupon_o harold_n former_o king_n only_o of_o â—he_n mercian_n and_o northumbrian_n that_o he_o may_v râ—ign_v over_o all_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1037._o a_o principibâ—s_n et_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la rex_fw-la eligitâ—râ—_n be_v elect_v king_n by_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n hardecnutus_a verò_fw-la quia_fw-la in_o denmarchia_n mansâ—rat_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la anglian_n ut_fw-la rogabatur_fw-la venire_fw-la distulit_fw-la penitus_fw-la abjicitur_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n hoveden_n bromton_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la and_o other_o inform_v we_o 5._o after_o which_o king_n harold_n degenerate_v from_o cnute_n his_o father_n in_o all_o thing_n take_v no_o care_n at_o all_o either_o of_o military_a or_o civil_a affair_n nor_o of_o his_o own_o courtly_a honour_n do_v only_o his_o own_o will_n and_o contrary_a to_o his_o royal_a estate_n go_v more_o willing_o on_o foot_n of_o which_o he_o be_v so_o swift_a that_o he_o be_v name_v harefoot_n than_o ride_v on_o horseback_n in_o his_o day_n there_o be_v render_v and_o pay_v to_o 16_o ship_n from_o every_o port_n not_o inland_n town_n 8._o mark_n of_o silver_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n as_o 365._o henry_n huntindon_n record_v to_o which_o 425._o john_n speed_n subjoin_v this_o dane_n see_v his_o hazard_n prevent_v seek_v to_o secure_v himself_o and_o wâ—th_v 16_o ship_n of_o the_o danish_a fleet_n keep_v the_o sea_n which_o continue_v ever_o in_o a_o readiness_n and_o waft_v from_o port_n to_o port_n to_o the_o maintenance_n whereof_o he_o charge_v the_o english_a with_o great_a payment_n 1._o to_o their_o no_o little_a grudge_n and_o revile_v whereby_o he_o lose_v the_o love_n of_o his_o subject_n before_o it_o hâ—d_v take_v root_n in_o their_o heart_n neither_o hold_v he_o long_v those_o disloyal_a course_n for_o that_o his_o speedy_a death_n do_v cut_v off_o the_o infamy_n of_o a_o long_a life_n he_o die_v at_o oxford_n where_o he_o be_v elect_v king_n without_o wife_n or_o child_n to_o survive_v his_o person_n or_o revive_v his_o name_n when_o he_o have_v reign_v only_o 4._o year_n and_o as_o many_o month_n anno_fw-la 1040._o upon_o the_o death_n of_o speed_n harold_n 1040._o proceres_fw-la tam_fw-la anglorum_fw-la quam_fw-la danorum_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la concordantes_fw-la sententiam_fw-la the_o nobles_n both_o of_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o concord_v in_o one_o opinion_n send_v ambassador_n to_o hardecnute_a then_o at_o bruges_n in_o flanders_n visit_v queen_n emma_n his_o mother_n where_o he_o have_v make_v great_a preparation_n of_o ship_n and_o land-force_n to_o recover_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o both_o by_o birth_n and_o compact_n from_o his_o brother_n harold_n beseech_v he_o to_o make_v haste_n into_o england_n and_o to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o crown_n thereof_o whereupon_o he_o immediate_o consent_v to_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o noble_n come_v speedy_o into_o england_n with_o 60_o as_o some_o or_o 40_o ship_n as_o other_o write_v furnish_v with_o danish_a soldier_n and_o mariner_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a joy_n elect_a king_n both_o by_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n and_o solemn_o crown_v at_o london_n by_o elnothus_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n soon_o after_o he_o command_v alfric_n archbishop_n of_o york_n earl_n godwin_n and_o other_o to_o dig_v up_o the_o inter_a corpse_n of_o his_o brother_n king_n harold_n out_o of_o his_o grave_n in_o london_n and_o his_o head_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o hangman_n and_o then_o both_o head_n and_o corpse_n to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o common_a sink_n and_o after_o that_o into_o the_o thames_n and_o that_o partly_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v by_o he_o to_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n in_o banish_v and_o spoil_v she_o of_o her_o money_n and_o jewel_n against_o all_o right_a and_o justice_n and_o partly_o for_o his_o unjust_a invasion_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o in_o truth_n as_o a_o just_a retaliation_n of_o his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n to_o prince_n alfred_n and_o his_o norman_n for_o who_o treacherous_a inhuman_a slaughter_n king_n hardecnute_a deprive_v alfred_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n of_o his_o bishopric_n who_o hand_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v in_o alfred_n blood_n and_o for_o which_o murder_n he_o likewise_o look_v with_o a_o evil_a eye_n upon_o earl_n godwin_n compel_v he_o to_o a_o oath_n of_o purgation_n touch_v the_o same_o whereupon_o godwin_n by_o his_o own_o oath_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o most_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n his_o compurgator_n sworeâ—_n though_o most_o false_o that_o prince_n alfred_n eye_n be_v not_o put_v out_o nor_o he_o murder_v as_o aforesaid_a by_o his_o counsel_n or_o consent_n but_o what_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v only_o by_o the_o command_n of_o king_n harold_n which_o he_o dare_v not_o resist_v notwithstanding_o which_o oath_n to_o purchase_v his_o peace_n with_o hardecnute_a he_o present_v he_o with_o a_o most_o rich_a and_o royal_a present_n to_o wit_n with_o a_o ship_n who_o stern_a be_v of_o gold_n with_o 80_o soldier_n place_v therein_o all_o uniform_o and_o rich_o suit_v have_v on_o their_o head_n gild_v burgonet_n on_o their_o arm_n bracelet_n of_o gold_n on_o their_o body_n habergeon_n sword_n battleax_n target_n and_o other_o arm_n after_o the_o danish_a fashion_n all_o rich_o gild_v with_o gild_a boss_n and_o dart_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o present_n though_o it_o pacify_v the_o king_n indignation_n yet_o it_o prevent_v not_o god_n avenge_a justice_n on_o he_o afterward_o for_o alfred_n blood_n thus_o partly_o avenge_v on_o harold_n carcase_n which_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o thames_n and_o mangle_a according_a to_o hard-cnutes_a command_n and_o lay_v float_v on_o the_o water_n sundry_a day_n till_o a_o fisherman_n in_o compassion_n take_v up_o his_o corpse_n and_o bury_v it_o private_o in_o st._n clement_n danes_n soon_o after_o hardecnute_a in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o 1041._o reign_n command_v 8._o mark_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o every_o mariner_n some_o write_v 20._o other_o 30._o mark_n to_o every_o shipwright_n of_o his_o danish_a navy_n 1._o beside_o a_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o his_o land-army_n huius_fw-la anno_fw-la secundo_fw-la redditus_fw-la est_fw-la census_n exercitui_fw-la dacorum_n scilicet_fw-la 21000_o lib._n &_o 89_o lib._n et_fw-la posteà _fw-la sunt_fw-la redditae_fw-la 32._o puppibus_fw-la 11000_o lib._n &_o 48._o lib._n write_v 365._o henry_n huntindon_n tributum_fw-la inexorabile_fw-la et_fw-la importabile_fw-la angliae_fw-la imposuit_fw-la ut_fw-la classiariis_fw-la suis_fw-la per_fw-la singulas_fw-la nâ—ves_fw-la viginâ—i_fw-la â—ac_fw-la triginti_fw-la marcas_fw-la ex_fw-la pollicito_fw-la pensitaret_fw-la quod_fw-la dum_fw-la importune_v per_fw-la angliam_fw-la exigitur_fw-la duo_fw-la infestius_fw-la hoc_fw-la munus_fw-la exequentes_fw-la a_o wigorniae_fw-la civibus_fw-la extincti_fw-la sunt_fw-la as_o 76._o will_n of_o malmsbury_n express_v it_o hic_fw-la etiam_fw-la contra_fw-la omnem_fw-la spem_fw-la octo_fw-la marcas_fw-la unicuique_fw-la remigi_fw-la classis_fw-la suae_fw-la de_fw-la importabili_fw-la tributo_fw-la angliae_fw-la solvi_fw-la fecit_fw-la so_o 933._o bromton_n which_o â—lorentius_fw-la wigorniensis_fw-la hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n matthew_n westminster_n polychronicon_n caxton_n fabian_n holinsh_v grafton_n and_o speed_n thus_o more_o at_o large_a relate_v anno_fw-la 1040._o octo_fw-la marcas_fw-la unicuique_fw-la suae_fw-la classis_fw-la remigi_fw-la et_fw-la 12._o unicuique_fw-la gubernatori_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-it praecepit_fw-la dependi_fw-la tributum_fw-la videlicet_fw-la tam_fw-la grave_n ut_fw-la
themselves_o suspect_v think_v it_o not_o safe_a for_o they_o to_o come_v thither_o without_o a_o arm_a guard_n whereupon_o they_o encamp_v at_o brâ—verstone_n with_o a_o great_a host_n and_o there_o stay_v give_v out_o a_o report_n among_o the_o people_n 9_o that_o they_o have_v therefore_o gather_v a_o army_n together_o out_o of_o kent_n surry_n yorkshire_n oxfordshire_n glocestershire_n somersetshire_n herfordshire_n essâ—x_n notinghamshire_n and_o other_o part_n that_o they_o may_v curb_v the_o welshman_n who_o meditate_v tyranny_n and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n have_v fortify_v a_o town_n in_o herefordshire_n where_o swain_n one_o of_o the_o earl_n godwin_n son_n than_o pretend_v to_o keep_v watch_n and_o ward_n against_o they_o the_o king_n hear_v that_o godwin_n and_o his_o sonnâ—s_n have_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n of_o man_n out_o of_o all_o these_o county_n upon_o this_o false_a pretext_n present_o send_v messenger_n to_o syward_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n and_o leofric_n earl_n of_o mercia_n to_o hasten_v to_o he_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n with_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v raise_v who_o repair_v to_o he_o at_o the_o first_o with_o small_a force_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o know_v how_o the_o matter_n go_v send_v their_o officer_n through_o their_o country_n together_o with_o earl_n ralph_n in_o his_o country_n speedy_o assemble_v a_o great_a army_n to_o assist_v the_o king_n ready_a to_o encounter_v these_o enemy_n if_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n godwin_n march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o glocestershire_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o king_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o some_o other_o story_n command_v he_o to_o deliver_v up_o earl_n eustace_n with_o his_o companion_n &_o the_o norman_n &_o bonomans_n who_o then_o hold_v the_o castl_n of_o douâ—r_n to_o he_o else_o he_o shall_v denounce_v war_n against_o he_o to_o who_o the_o king_n be_v sufficient_o furnish_v with_o military_a force_n send_v this_o answer_n that_o he_o will_v not_o deliver_v up_o earl_n eustace_n 2._o to_o he_o command_v moreover_o ut_fw-la qui_fw-la exercitum_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la collegerat_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la eâ—us_fw-la licentia_fw-la pacem_fw-la regne_n perturbaverat_fw-la veniret_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la die_fw-la statuta_fw-la sâ—per_fw-la hac_fw-la injuria_fw-la sibi_fw-la responsurus_fw-la &_o juri_fw-la pariturus_fw-la godwin_n and_o his_o son_n be_v accuse_v of_o a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n and_o make_v odious_a to_o the_o whole_a court_n by_o the_o welshman_n and_o norman_n so_o that_o a_o rumour_n be_v spread_v abroad_o that_o the_o king_n army_n will_v assault_v they_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o quarter_v and_o be_v unanimous_o resolve_v and_o ready_a to_o fight_v with_o godwin_n army_n be_v much_o incense_a against_o he_o if_o the_o king_n will_v have_v permit_v they_o quo_fw-la accepto_fw-la godwinus_fw-la ad_fw-la conjuratos_fw-la classicum_fw-la cecinit_fw-la ut_fw-la ultro_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la non_fw-la resisterent_fw-la sed_fw-la si_fw-la conventi_fw-la suissent_fw-la quin_fw-la se_fw-la ulciscerentur_fw-la loco_fw-la non_fw-la cederent_fw-la &_o profecto_fw-la facinus_fw-la miserabile_fw-la &_o plus_fw-la quam_fw-la civil_a bellum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la maturiora_fw-la consilia_fw-la interessent_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n but_o because_o the_o best_a and_o great_a man_n of_o all_o england_n be_v engage_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o other_o it_o seem_v a_o great_a unadvisednesse_n to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o other_o that_o they_o shall_v fight_v a_o battle_n and_o wage_v war_n with_o their_o own_o countryman_n and_o thereupon_o they_o advise_v that_o hostage_n be_v give_v on_o both_o side_n the_o king_n and_o godwin_n shall_v meet_v at_o london_n on_o a_o certain_a day_n to_o plead_v together_o which_o counsel_n be_v approve_v of_o and_o messenger_n run_v to_o and_o fro_o between_o they_o hostage_n be_v give_v and_o receive_v and_o some_o small_a agreement_n make_v between_o they_o at_o the_o present_a thereupon_o the_o earl_n return_v into_o west-sax_n and_o the_o king_n increase_v his_o army_n both_o out_o of_o mercia_n and_o northumberland_n return_v with_o they_o to_o london_n by_o agreement_n between_o both_o party_n iterumque_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la ut_fw-la londini_fw-la concilium_fw-la coageretur_fw-la and_o it_o be_v again_o command_v by_o the_o king_n that_o a_o council_n or_o parliament_n 6._o as_o trevisa_n speed_n and_o other_o render_v iâ—_n shall_v be_v assemble_v at_o london_n swain_n the_o son_n of_o godwin_n be_v command_v to_o mitigate_v the_o king_n anger_n by_o his_o flight_n godwin_n and_o harold_n be_v order_v to_o come_v to_o this_o council_n with_o twelve_o man_n only_o in_o their_o company_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v resign_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o service_n of_o all_o the_o knight_n and_o soldier_n which_o they_o have_v throughout_o england_n but_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n as_o they_o dare_v not_o wage_v war_n against_o the_o king_n so_o ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la venire_fw-la juri_fw-la parituri_fw-la negabant_fw-la they_o will_v not_o come_v to_o his_o court_n to_o put_v themselves_o upon_o a_o legal_a trial_n allege_v that_o they_o will_v not_o go_v to_o a_o conventicle_n of_o factious_a person_n without_o pledge_n and_o hostage_n that_o they_o will_v obey_v their_o lord_n in_o the_o surrender_n of_o all_o their_o knight_n service_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n else_o without_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o safety_n that_o if_o they_o come_v thither_o unarm_v they_o may_v fear_v the_o loss_n of_o lifâ—_n if_o with_o a_o few_o follower_n it_o will_v be_v a_o reproach_n to_o their_o honour_n but_o the_o king_n be_v so_o resolute_a in_o his_o mind_n that_o he_o will_v not_o recede_v from_o what_o he_o have_v resolve_v by_o their_o entreaty_n â—pon_o their_o refusal_n to_o come_v unto_o his_o court_n to_o justify_v themselves_o rex_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la concilio_n communi_fw-la curiae_fw-la suae_fw-la judicio_fw-la by_o the_o common_a judgement_n of_o his_o court_n 2.6_o in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n et_fw-la omnis_fw-la exercitus_fw-la unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o his_o whole_a army_n as_o flo-rence_a of_o worcester_n and_o his_o follower_n subjoyne_v banish_v godwin_n himself_o and_o his_o five_o son_n out_o of_o england_n whereupon_o prolatum_fw-la edictum_fw-la est_fw-la a_o decree_n &_o proclamation_n be_v then_o publish_v that_o within_o five_o day_n they_o shall_v depart_v out_o of_o england_n godwin_n perceve_v that_o his_o soldier_n desert_v he_o some_o &_o some_o â—or_a fear_n of_o the_o king_n army_n and_o displeasure_n thereupon_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n gâ—va_n and_o his_o three_o son_n swain_n gurth_n and_o tosti_n with_o his_o wife_n judith_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n depart_v present_o out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n into_o flanders_n to_o earl_n baldwin_n with_o much_o treasure_n but_o his_o other_o two_o soâ—nâ—s_n harold_n and_o leofric_n sail_v by_o bristol_n into_o ireland_n moreover_o the_o king_n put_v away_o his_o queen_n edâ—tha_v for_o her_o father_n godwin_n sake_n thrust_v she_o into_o the_o abbey_n of_o warwel_n or_o redwel_n without_o worship_n with_o one_o maid_n only_o to_o attend_v she_o commit_v she_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o abbess_n his_o own_o sister_n take_v away_o all_o her_o substance_n without_o leave_v she_o so_o much_o as_o one_o penny_n 82._o ne_fw-la scilicet_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la parentibus_fw-la patriam_fw-la suspirantâ—bus_fw-la sola_fw-la sterteret_fw-la in_o pluma_fw-la harold_n earldom_n and_o county_n wâ—a_v bestow_v on_o algarus_fw-la who_o rule_v it_o noble_o and_o he_o with_o good_a will_n resign_v it_o up_o to_o harold_n upon_o his_o return_n these_o thing_n be_v do_v william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n come_v to_o visit_v the_o king_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o norman_n and_o soldier_n who_o king_n edward_n honourable_o receive_v and_o magnificent_o entertain_v for_o a_o season_n carry_v he_o about_o to_o all_o his_o royal_a castle_n and_o city_n and_o at_o last_o send_v back_o into_o normandy_n with_o many_o and_o great_a present_n bestow_v on_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n de_fw-fr successione_n autem_fw-la regni_fw-la spes_fw-la adhuc_fw-la aut_fw-la menâ—io_fw-la nulla_fw-la facta_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la fuit_fw-la write_v 898._o iâ—gulphus_n 4._o king_n edward_n in_o parliamento_fw-la pleno_fw-la have_v in_o plain_a or_o full_a parliament_n as_o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la knighton_n de_fw-la eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 10._o trevisa_n and_o other_o relate_v thus_o banish_v and_o outlaw_v godwin_n and_o his_o son_n in_o which_o in_o condition_n as_o some_o write_v they_o continue_v two_o full_a year_n thereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1052._o harold_n and_o leofric_n by_o way_n of_o revenge_v come_v out_o of_o ireland_n with_o such_o ship_n and_o force_n as_o they_o can_v there_o raise_v pillage_v the_o western_a part_n of_o englandâ—_n â—_z infest_v the_o shore_n with_o continual_a robbery_n carry_v away_o rich_a booty_n
realm_n against_o law_n and_o right_n by_o his_o power_n and_o often_o attempt_v to_o incline_v the_o king_n mind_n to_o his_o injustice_n at_o last_o his_o subtlety_n proceed_v so_o far_o that_o by_o fraud_n deceit_n and_o circumvention_n he_o banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n almost_o all_o the_o king_n kindred_n and_o friend_n who_o he_o have_v either_o bring_v with_o he_o or_o call_v out_o of_o normandy_n as_o well_o bishop_n as_o clerk_n and_o layman_n of_o other_o dignity_n believe_v that_o all_o thing_n will_v succeed_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n if_o the_o king_n deprive_v of_o all_o his_o friend_n shall_v make_v use_n only_o of_o his_o counsel_n but_o edward_n dissemble_v all_o thing_n in_o regard_n of_o time_n place_n and_o out_o of_o religion_n addict_v himself_o whole_o to_o divine_a duty_n sometime_o predict_v that_o divine_a justice_n will_v at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o revenge_n so_o great_a malice_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o tell_v godwin_n himself_o so_o much_o whereupon_o on_o a_o certain_a day_n when_o the_o king_n be_v celebrate_v the_o feast_n of_o easter_n at_o winchester_n as_o most_o or_o at_o windsor_n as_o some_o or_o hodiam_n as_o other_o relate_v 8._o which_o feast_n be_v famous_a among_o the_o people_n the_o king_n sit_v at_o his_o royal_a table_n at_o dinner_n the_o king_n cupbearer_n harold_n godwin_n own_o son_n as_o some_o record_n bring_v the_o king_n cup_n fill_v with_o wine_n towards_o the_o table_n strike_v one_o of_o his_o foot_n very_o hard_o against_o a_o stumble_a block_n on_o the_o pavement_n fall_v almost_o to_o the_o ground_n but_o his_o other_o foot_n go_v straight_o on_o recover_v he_o again_o and_o set_v he_o upright_o so_o that_o he_o have_v no_o harm_n nor_o shed_v any_o of_o the_o wine_n upon_o which_o many_o discourse_v touch_v this_o event_n and_o rejoice_v that_o one_o foot_n help_v the_o other_o earl_n godwin_n who_o customary_o sit_v next_o to_o the_o king_n at_o table_n be_v his_o father-in-law_n laugh_v thereat_o say_v by_o way_n of_o merriment_n here_o a_o brother_n help_v a_o brother_n as_o some_o or_o so_o be_v a_o brother_n help_v to_o a_o brother_n and_o one_o assist_v another_o in_o necessity_n as_o other_o report_v his_o word_n to_o who_o the_o king_n upon_o this_o occasion_n ironical_o answer_v say_v thus_o my_o brother_n alfred_n may_v have_v assist_v i_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o godwin_n treachery_n who_o will_v not_o permit_v he_o which_o speech_n of_o the_o king_n godwin_n take_v over-grievous_o be_v sore_o afraid_a and_o with_o a_o very_a pale_a and_o sad_a countenance_n reply_v i_o know_v o_o king_n i_o know_v it_o have_v be_v often_o report_v to_o thou_o that_o i_o have_v seek_v to_o betray_v thou_o and_o that_o thou_o o_o king_n do_v as_o yet_o accuse_v and_o suspect_v i_o concern_v the_o death_n of_o thy_o brother_n alfred_n neither_o yet_o do_v thou_o think_v that_o those_o be_v to_o be_v discredit_v who_o call_v i_o either_o he_o or_o thy_o traitor_n or_o betrayer_n but_o let_v thy_o god_n who_o be_v true_a and_o just_a and_o know_v all_o secret_n judge_v between_o we_o and_o let_v he_o never_o suffer_v this_o piece_n of_o bread_n i_o now_o hold_v in_o my_o hand_n to_o pass_v down_o my_o throat_n without_o choke_v i_o if_o i_o be_v guilty_a of_o any_o treason_n at_o all_o against_o thou_o or_o have_v ever_o so_o much_o as_o a_o thought_n to_o betray_v thou_o or_o if_o i_o be_v guilty_a of_o thy_o brother_n death_n or_o if_o ever_o thy_o brother_n by_o i_o or_o my_o counsel_n be_v near_o to_o death_n or_o remote_a from_o life_n and_o so_o may_v i_o safe_o swallow_v down_o this_o morsel_n of_o bread_n in_o my_o hand_n as_o i_o be_o guiltless_a of_o these_o fact_n when_o he_o have_v thus_o speak_v the_o king_n bless_v the_o piece_n of_o bread_n whereupon_o godwin_n put_v it_o into_o his_o mouth_n swallow_v it_o down_o to_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o throat_n where_o it_o stick_v so_o fast_o that_o he_o can_v neither_o get_v it_o down_o nor_o cast_v it_o up_o by_o any_o mean_n till_o through_o the_o cooperation_n of_o divine_a vengeance_n he_o be_v so_o choke_v with_o it_o that_o his_o breath_n be_v quite_o stop_v his_o eye_n turn_v upside_o down_o his_o arm_n grow_v stiff_a be_v conscious_a to_o himself_o of_o what_o he_o thus_o abjure_v and_o so_o he_o fall_v down_o dead_a under_o the_o table_n deus_fw-la autem_fw-la iustùs_fw-la et_fw-la verax_fw-la audivit_fw-la uâ—cem_fw-la proditoris_fw-la et_fw-la mox_fw-la eodem_fw-la pane_fw-la strangulatus_fw-la mortem_fw-la praegustavit_fw-la aeternam_fw-la write_v 476._o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la the_o king_n see_v he_o pale_a and_o dead_a and_o that_o divine_a judgement_n and_o vengeance_n have_v thus_o pass_v upon_o he_o say_v to_o those_o who_o stand_v by_o drag_v out_o of_o this_o dog_n this_o traitor_n and_o bury_v he_o in_o the_o high_a way_n for_o he_o be_v unworthy_a of_o christian_a burial_n whereupon_o his_o son_n there_o present_a behold_v this_o spectacle_n draw_v he_o from_o under_o the_o table_n into_o a_o bedchamber_n ubi_fw-la debitum_fw-la proditoris_fw-la sortitus_fw-la est_fw-la finem_fw-la and_o immediate_o after_o they_o bury_v he_o privy_o in_o the_o old_a monastery_n at_o winchester_n without_o honour_n or_o solemnity_n abbot_n 889._o ingulphus_n thus_o brief_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o his_o death_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1053._o cum_fw-la godwinus_n come_v in_o mensa_fw-la regis_fw-la de_fw-la nâ—ce_fw-la svi_fw-la fratris_fw-la impeteretur_fw-la ille_fw-la post_fw-la multa_fw-la sacramenta_fw-la tandem_fw-la per_fw-la buccellam_fw-la dâ—glutiendam_fw-la abjuravit_fw-la &_o buccella_fw-la gustata_fw-la continuo_fw-la suffocatus_fw-la interiit_fw-la as_o this_o judgement_n of_o god_n upon_o earl_n godwin_n for_o murder_a prince_n alfred_n right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o norman_n who_o accompany_v he_o 17_o year_n after_o the_o fact_n be_v most_o exemplary_a so_o god_n justice_n upon_o his_o posterity_n be_v remarkable_a which_o to_o omit_v their_o forementioned_a exile_n trouble_n be_v thus_o epitomise_v by_o 418._o will._n malmâ—b_n godwin_n in_o his_o young_a year_n have_v the_o sister_n of_o cnute_n for_o his_o wife_n on_o who_o he_o beget_v a_o son_n who_o have_v pass_v the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o childhood_n while_o he_o be_v ride_v on_o a_o horse_n give_v to_o he_o by_o his_o grandfather_n in_o a_o proud_a childish_a bravado_n give_v he_o the_o spurr_n and_o â—ains_n the_o horse_n carry_v he_o into_o the_o swift_a stream_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n where_o he_o be_v drown_v his_o mother_n also_o be_v slay_v with_o the_o stroke_n of_o a_o thunderbolt_n receive_v the_o punishment_n of_o her_o cruelty_n who_o be_v report_v to_o buy_v whole_a drove_n of_o slave_n especial_o beautiful_a maid_n in_o england_n and_o to_o send_v they_o into_o denmark_n that_o she_o may_v heap_v up_o riches_n by_o their_o deform_a sale_n after_o her_o death_n he_o marry_v another_o wife_n on_o who_o he_o beget_v harold_n swain_n wulnoth_n tosti_n girth_n and_o leofwin_n harold_n after_o edward_n be_v king_n for_o some_o month_n and_o be_v conquer_v by_o william_n at_o hastings_n lose_v both_o his_o life_n and_o kingdom_n with_o his_o two_o young_a brother_n there_o slay_v in_o battle_n wulnoth_n send_v into_o normandy_n by_o king_n edward_n because_o his_o father_n have_v give_v he_o for_o a_o hostage_n be_v there_o detain_v a_o prisoner_n without_o any_o release_n during_o all_o king_n edward_n life_n and_o be_v send_v back_o into_o england_n in_o william_n reign_n continue_v in_o bond_n at_o sarisbury_n till_o his_o old_a age_n swain_n of_o a_o perverse_a wit_n treacherous_a against_o his_o king_n revolt_v oftentimes_o both_o from_o his_o father_n and_o his_o brother_n harold_n and_o become_v a_o pirate_n pollute_v the_o virtue_n of_o his_o ancestor_n with_o his_o maritime_a robbery_n and_o murder_n at_o last_o go_v barefoot_a to_o jerusalem_n in_o pilgrimage_n out_o of_o conscience_n to_o expiate_v the_o wilful_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n breuno_n and_o as_o some_o say_v his_o brother_n in_o his_o return_n thence_o he_o be_v circumvent_v and_o slay_v by_o the_o saracen_n tosti_n be_v advance_v by_o king_n edward_n to_o the_o earldom_n of_o northumberland_n after_o the_o death_n of_o earl_n syward_a rule_v the_o county_n near_o two_o year_n which_o be_v expire_v he_o stir_v up_o the_o northumbrian_n to_o a_o rebellion_n with_o the_o asperity_n of_o his_o manner_n for_o find_v he_o solitary_a they_o chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n not_o think_v â—it_a to_o slay_v he_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o dukedom_n but_o they_o behead_v all_o his_o man_n both_o english_a and_o dane_n and_o spoil_v he_o of_o all_o his_o horse_n arm_n and_o householdstuff_n whereupon_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o earldom_n he_o go_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n into_o flanders_n and_o at_o
of_o the_o noble_n and_o common_a soldier_n be_v so_o incense_v that_o detest_a the_o covetousness_n of_o their_o prince_n they_o unanimous_o depart_v from_o his_o service_n and_o refuse_v to_o march_n wiâ—h_v he_o against_o the_o norman_n this_o triumphant_a victory_n so_o puff_v up_o harold_n that_o he_o think_v himself_o secure_a in_o the_o throne_n beyond_o the_o fear_n or_o reach_v of_o any_o adversity_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o king_n become_v a_o tyrant_n whilst_o harold_n with_o all_o his_o land_n and_o sea_n force_n be_v thus_o buâ—ied_v in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n duke_n william_n in_o august_n assemble_v all_o his_o land_n army_n and_o navy_n consist_v of_o 900_o ship_n at_o the_o port_n of_o s._n valerie_n to_o invade_v england_n in_o the_o south_n then_o whole_o destitute_a of_o all_o guard_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n to_o resist_v his_o land_n and_o to_o satisfy_v his_o soldier_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o undertake_n haywood_n he_o allege_v these_o three_o cause_n thereof_o which_o henry_n the_o knyghton_n divide_v into_o four_o the_o first_o be_v to_o revenge_v the_o cruel_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n prince_n alfred_n king_n edmund_n brother_n and_o of_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v with_o he_o to_o assist_v he_o to_o recover_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o which_o he_o be_v right_a heir_n who_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n have_v shameful_o dishonour_v treacherous_o betray_v and_o barbarous_o murder_v which_o fact_n he_o ascribe_v principal_o to_o harold_n the_o second_o be_v because_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n by_o their_o cunning_n have_v injurious_o banish_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n earl_n odo_n and_o all_o the_o french_a and_o norman_n out_o of_o england_n which_o wrong_v he_o will_v revenge_v on_o harold_n as_o do_v principal_o by_o his_o mean_n and_o labour_n the_o three_o and_o chief_a ground_n be_v because_o harold_n fall_v headlong_o into_o perjury_n have_v without_o any_o 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hinder_v and_o inhibit_v therein_o that_o it_o be_v fatal_a to_o his_o family_n that_o aspire_v to_o thing_n above_o their_o power_n they_o shall_v find_v god_n opposite_a to_o they_o these_o speech_n bruit_v abroad_o which_o may_v enfeeble_v the_o strength_n and_o abate_v the_o courage_n even_o of_o valiant_a man_n the_o duke_n thereupon_o take_v counsel_n with_o his_o senator_n cause_v the_o corpse_n of_o st._n valerie_n to_o be_v bring_v forth_o to_o procure_v a_o wind_n other_o &_o present_o a_o prosperous_a gale_n fill_v their_o sail_n the_o duke_n himself_o first_o take_v ship_n and_o launch_v forth_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n after_o he_o then_o cast_v anchor_n till_o the_o fleet_n come_v round_o about_o he_o they_o all_o sail_v with_o a_o gentle_a course_n land_v at_o hastings_n and_o pevemsy_n the_o duke_n step_v forth_o of_o the_o ship_n upon_o the_o shore_n one_o of_o his_o foot_n slip_v so_o that_o he_o fall_v down_o into_o the_o mud_n one_o of_o his_o hand_n be_v fill_v with_o sand_n which_o he_o interpret_v as_o a_o ill_a omen_n and_o sinister_a event_n but_o one_o of_o his_o soldier_n who_o stand_v next_o he_o lift_v he_o up_o from_o his_o fall_n while_o he_o hold_v the_o mud_n in_o his_o hand_n change_v this_o event_n into_o a_o better_a interpretation_n say_v most_o happy_a duke_n thou_o already_o possesse_v england_n and_o plowe_v it_o up_o behold_v the_o land_n be_v in_o thy_o hand_n lift_v up_o thyself_o with_o good_a hope_n thou_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n ere_o long_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o army_n land_v other_o but_o the_o king_n strict_o charge_v they_o to_o forbear_v plunder_v and_o take_v no_o booty_n see_v they_o ought_v to_o spare_v the_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o nor_o to_o wrong_v any_o of_o their_o person_n who_o shall_v ere_o long_o become_v his_o subject_n 137_o richard_n vestegan_n record_v out_o of_o a_o french_a historian_n that_o duke_n william_n the_o same_o day_n he_o land_v in_o england_n cause_v divers_a of_o his_o chief_a officer_n and_o friend_n to_o dine_v with_o he_o 3_o and_o chance_v at_o dinner_n to_o talk_v of_o a_o astrologer_n who_o by_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v assure_v he_o at_o st._n valerie_n that_o harold_n shall_v never_o withstand_v he_o but_o submit_v himself_o unto_o he_o and_o yield_v he_o faith_n and_o homage_n will_v now_o that_o the_o say_a astrologer_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o he_o who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v embark_v for_o that_o voyage_n but_o it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o the_o ship_n wherein_o the_o say_a astrologer_n sail_v be_v cast_v away_o at_o sea_n anâ—_n he_o drown_v in_o it_o whereunto_o the_o duke_n reply_v that_o man_n be_v not_o wise_a who_o have_v more_o regard_n â—o_o the_o good_a or_o ill_a fortune_n of_o another_o than_o unto_o his_o own_o i_o be_o now_o thanks_o be_v to_o god_n come_v over_o i_o know_v not_o how_o the_o rest_n will_v succeed_v how_o false_a this_o stargazer_n prediction_n prove_v the_o sequel_n will_v manifest_v other_o duke_n william_n after_o his_o arrival_n rest_v quiet_o 15._o day_n without_o act_v any_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o mind_v nothing_o less_o than_o war_n after_o which_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o occasion_n or_o hope_n of_o return_n from_o his_o soldier_n he_o fire_v all_o his_o ship_n or_o as_o some_o write_v draw_v they_o all_o a_o shore_n and_o entrench_v they_o as_o other_o erect_v only_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o shore_n for_o a_o retire_a place_n for_o his_o soldier_n if_o need_n be_v from_o pevensy_n he_o march_v to_o hastings_n where_o he_o build_v another_o fort._n 1._o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n record_n that_o the_o first_o night_n he_o lodge_v in_o england_n in_o his_o pavilion_n there_o come_v a_o voice_n unto_o he_o say_v william_n william_n be_v thou_o a_o good_a man_n because_o thou_o shall_v obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n and_o when_o thou_o shall_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n cause_n a_o church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o my_o name_n so_o many_o hundred_o foot_n in_o length_n as_o in_o number_n of_o year_n the_o seed_n of_o thy_o blood_n shall_v possess_v the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o reign_v in_o england_n a_o 150._o year_n but_o 440._o matthew_n westminster_n write_v this_o voice_n be_v after_o the_o battle_n with_o harold_n not_o before_o it_o and_o the_o subsequent_a word_n in_o knyghton_n touch_v his_o march_n to_o london_n import_v as_o much_o hayward_n harold_n reside_v in_o the_o north_n after_o his_o great_a victory_n there_o when_o he_o deem_v all_o his_o enemy_n total_o break_v in_o piece_n receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o duke_n william_n be_v safe_o arrive_v at_o pevensey_n with_o his_o fleet_n and_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o valiant_a horseman_n slinger_n archer_n and_o footman_n who_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o all_o france_n whereupon_o he_o present_o march_v with_o his_o army_n in_o great_a haste_n towards_o london_n and_o although_o he_o well_o know_v that_o most_o of_o the_o valiant_a man_n in_o all_o england_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o two_o late_a battle_n against_o tosti_n and_o the_o dane_n that_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o common_a soldier_n have_v quite_o desert_v he_o refuse_v to_o march_v with_o he_o in_o that_o necssity_n because_o he_o permit_v they_o not_o to_o share_v with_o he_o in_o the_o great_a booty_n they_o have_v win_v with_o their_o blood_n and_o that_o half_a his_o army_n wâ—re_v not_o come_v togethers_o yet_o he_o resolve_v forthwith_o to_o march_v into_o sussex_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o with_o those_o small_a force_n tire_v he_o then_o have_v be_v most_o of_o they_o mercenary_n and_o stipendiaries_n except_o those_o english_a nobleman_n gentleman_n and_o freeman_n who_o
at_o all_o for_o tâ—e_v crown_n of_o england_n be_v hold_v not_o as_o patrimonial_a but_o in_o succession_n by_o remotion_n which_o be_v a_o succeed_a to_o another_o place_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o collate_v the_o same_o by_o any_o dispositive_a and_o testamentary_a will_n the_o right_a descend_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n only_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o successor_n be_v not_o saâ—d_v to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o make_v he_o so_o and_o 16._o can_v be_v put_v from_o it_o by_o any_o act_n of_o his_o predecessor_n 9_o that_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n free-election_n have_v be_v usual_o most_o endeavour_v and_o seek_v aâ—ter_n by_o our_o king_n â—especially_o life_n intruder_n as_o their_o best_a and_o sure_a title_n to_o these_o legal_a i_o shall_v only_o subjoin_v some_o political_a and_o theological_a observation_n natural_o flow_v from_o the_o premise_a history_n of_o king_n edward_n harold_n and_o william_n not_o unsuitable_a to_o nor_o unseasonable_a for_o the_o most_o serious_a thought_n and_o sad_a contemplation_n of_o the_o present_a age_n consider_v the_o revolution_n and_o posture_n of_o our_o public_a affair_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v very_o unsafe_a and_o perilous_a for_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o intrust_v the_o military_a and_o civil_a power_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o one_o potent_a ambitious_a or_o covetous_a person_n who_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o abuse_v they_o to_o the_o people_n oppression_n the_o kingdom_n perturbation_n and_o his_o sovereign_n affront_n or_o danger_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n 2._o that_o devout_a pious_a soft-natured_a prince_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v abuse_v and_o their_o people_n to_o be_v oppress_v by_o evil_a officer_n 3._o that_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o pernicious_a to_o heditary_a kingdom_n for_o their_o king_n to_o die_v without_o any_o certain_a know_v and_o declare_v right_a heir_n or_o successor_n to_o their_o crown_n yea_o a_o occasion_n of_o many_o war_n and_o revolution_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o king_n edward_n death_n without_o iâ—sue_n or_o declare_v right_a heir_n 4._o that_o right_a heir_n to_o crown_n who_o be_v of_o tender_a year_n weak_a judgement_n or_o impotent_a in_o friend_n and_o purse_n be_v easy_o and_o frequent_o put_v by_o their_o right_n by_o bold_a active_a and_o powerful_a intruder_n as_o edgar_n atheling_n be_v both_o by_o haroâ—d_n and_o william_n successive_o yet_o this_o be_v remarkable_a in_o both_o these_o invader_n of_o his_o royal_a right_n 1._o that_o 349._o harold_n who_o first_o dethrone_v he_o to_o make_v he_o some_o kind_n of_o recompense_n and_o please_v the_o noble_n of_o his_o party_n create_v edgar_n earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o hold_v he_o in_o special_a favour_n 2_o lie_n that_o king_n willam_n the_o first_o to_o who_o 369._o he_o submit_v himself_o and_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n use_v he_o very_o honourable_o and_o entertain_v he_o in_o his_o court_n not_o only_o at_o first_o buâ—_n even_o after_o he_o have_v twice_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o 2350._o join_v first_o with_o the_o english_a nobility_n then_o with_o the_o dane_n and_o scot_n against_o his_o interest_n for_o edgar_n come_v to_o he_o into_o normandy_n anno_fw-la 1066._o out_n of_o scotland_n where_o he_o live_v some_o year_n where_o nihil_fw-la ad_fw-la praesens_fw-la commodi_fw-la nihil_fw-la ad_fw-la futurum_fw-la spei_fw-la praeter_fw-la quotidianam_fw-la stipem_fw-la nactus_fw-la esset_fw-la he_o not_o only_o pardon_v his_o forepast_a offence_n but_o magno_fw-la donativo_fw-la donatus_fw-la est_fw-la pluribusque_fw-la annis_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la manens_fw-la libram_fw-la argenti_n quotidie_fw-la in_o stipendio_fw-la accipiebat_fw-la write_v 103._o malmesb._n receive_v a_o great_a donative_n from_o he_o and_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n for_o a_o stipend_n every_o day_n and_o continue_v many_o year_n in_o his_o court._n after_o which_o anno_fw-la 1089._o he_o go_v into_o â—76_n apulia_n to_o the_o holy_a war_n by_o king_n william_n licence_n with_o 200_o soldier_n and_o many_o ship_n whence_o return_v after_o the_o death_n of_o robert_n son_n of_o godwin_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o best_a soldier_n he_o receive_v many_o benefit_n from_o the_o emperor_n both_o of_o greece_n and_o germany_n who_o endeavour_v to_o retain_v he_o in_o their_o court_n for_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o birth_n but_o he_o contemn_v all_o their_o proffer_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o enjoy_v his_o native_a country_n return_v into_o england_n and_o there_o live_v all_o king_n william_n reign_n 217._o in_o the_o year_n 1091._o wil._n rufus_n go_v into_o normandy_n to_o take_v it_o by_o force_n from_o his_o brother_n robert_n deprive_v edgar_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o his_o brother_n with_o who_o he_o side_v have_v confer_v upon_o he_o and_o banish_v he_o out_o of_o normandy_n whereupon_o he_o go_v into_o scotland_n where_o by_o his_o mean_n a_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o william_n rufus_n and_o malcholm_n king_n of_o scot_n he_o be_v again_o reconcile_v to_o edgar_n by_o earl_n robert_n mean_n &_o return_v into_o england_n be_v in_o so_o great_a favour_n with_o the_o king_n that_o in_o the_o 466._o year_n 1097._o he_o send_v he_o into_o scotland_n with_o a_o army_n ut_fw-mi in_o ea_fw-la consobrinum_fw-la suum_fw-la eadgarum_fw-la malcholmi_n regis_fw-la filium_fw-la patruo_fw-la svo_fw-la dufenoldo_n qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la invaserat_fw-la expulso_fw-la regem_fw-la constitueret_fw-la whence_o return_v into_o england_n he_o live_v there_o till_o after_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o betake_v himself_o in_o his_o old_a age_n to_o a_o retire_a life_n in_o the_o country_n as_o 103._o malmesbury_n thus_o record_v angliam_fw-la rediit_fw-la ubi_fw-la diverso_fw-la fortunae_fw-la ludioro_n rotatus_fw-la nunc_fw-la remotus_fw-la &_o tacitus_fw-la canos_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o agro_fw-la consumit_fw-la where_o most_o probable_o he_o die_v in_o peace_n since_o i_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o his_o death_n no_o less_o than_o 4_o successive_a king_n permit_v this_o right_a heir_n to_o their_o crown_n to_o live_v both_o in_o their_o court_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n in_o peace_n and_o security_n such_o waâ—_n the_o christian_a generosity_n charity_n and_o piety_n of_o that_o age_n without_o repute_v it_o high_a treason_n for_o any_o to_o relieve_v or_o converse_v with_o he_o as_o the_o charity_n of_o some_o saint_n in_o this_o iron_n age_n will_v have_v adjudge_v it_o have_v they_o live_v in_o those_o time_n who_o have_v quite_o forget_v this_o gospel_n lesson_n of_o our_o saviour_n they_o then_o practise_v 21._o but_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o love_v your_o enemy_n do_v good_a to_o those_o that_o hate_v you_o etc._n etc._n wherefore_o if_o thy_o enemy_n huâ—ger_n give_v he_o meat_n if_o he_o thirst_v give_v he_o 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better_a right_n upon_o any_o verbal_a treaty_n but_o rather_o
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the_o bless_a crown_n of_o britain_n whereupon_o all_o the_o english_a that_o then_o be_v take_v they_o wife_n of_o the_o briton_n race_n and_o all_o the_o briton_n take_v they_o wife_n of_o the_o illustrious_a blood_n of_o the_o english_a and_o saxon_n 6â—_n which_o be_v do_v per_n common_a concilium_fw-la et_fw-la assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la principuruâ—_n procerum_fw-la comitâ—m_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la et_fw-la populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la assemble_v â—oâ—â—â—her_n in_o a_o general_n parliamentary_a council_n et_fw-la per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la whereby_o they_o become_v one_o nation_n and_o people_n afâ—er_v which_o they_o all_o call_v that_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o before_o be_v call_v the_o realm_n of_o britain_n and_o they_o all_o ever_o after_o stand_v together_o unite_v in_o one_o for_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o with_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n most_o fierce_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o norwegian_n and_o wage_v most_o cruel_a war_n with_o they_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o country_n land_n and_o liberty_n an._n 705._o king_n anglâ—_n ina_n by_o his_o royal_a charter_n 725._o grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o land_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastonbury_n endow_v that_o abbey_n and_o the_o land_n thereto_o belong_v with_o many_o large_a and_o great_a privilege_n exempt_n they_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n and_o from_o all_o regal_a exaction_n and_o service_n which_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v except_v and_o reserve_v to_o wit_n from_o expedition_n and_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o castle_n or_o bridge_n from_o which_o they_o shall_v inviolable_o remain_v free_a and_o exempt_v 10._o and_o from_o all_o the_o promulgation_n and_o perâ—urbations_n of_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n which_o privilege_n be_v former_o grant_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o ancient_a charter_n of_o his_o predecessor_n kenewalcus_fw-la kentwin_n ceadwalla_n and_o baldred_n this_o charter_n of_o his_o be_v make_v and_o ratify_v by_o the_o consent_n and_o subscription_n not_o only_o of_o king_n ina_n himself_o but_o also_o of_o queen_n edelâ—urâ—â—â—_n â—_z king_n baldrâ—d_n adelard_n the_o queen_n bâ—oâ—herâ—_n consentientibus_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la britannish_a regibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ducibus_fw-la atque_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la all_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n duke_n and_o abbot_n of_o britain_n consent_v likewise_o thereuntoâ—_n â—_z many_o of_o which_o subscribe_v their_o name_n unto_o it_o be_v assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n for_o that_o end_n 727._o king_n 765._o ina_n in_o the_o year_n 727._o travel_v to_o rome_n build_v thâ—re_o a_o school_n for_o the_o english_a to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o faith_n grant_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o english_a scholar_n there_o a_o penny_n out_o of_o every_o house_n within_o hâ—s_n realm_n 6._o call_v romescot_n or_o peterpence_n to_o be_v pay_v towards_o it_o every_o year_n all_o which_o thing_n and_o tax_n that_o they_o may_v continue_v firm_a for_o perpetuity_n statutum_n eâ—t_v generaâ—â—â—ecreâ—o_v etc._n etc._n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o general_a decree_n of_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o â—is_n realm_n then_o hold_v for_o that_o purpose_n of_o which_o 71._o before_o more_o large_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 742._o there_o be_v 21._o a_o great_a 742._o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n or_o clyffe_n where_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n sit_v precedent_n with_o cuthbert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n sit_v together_o with_o they_o diligent_o examine_v thing_n necessary_a concern_v religion_n and_o studious_o search_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a creed_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n how_o thing_n be_v order_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o church_n birth_n in_o england_n while_o they_o be_v inquire_v after_o these_o thing_n and_o the_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o the_o church_n at_o last_o there_o come_v to_o their_o hand_n the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n which_o king_n wither_a have_v graâ—ted_v to_o the_o church_n in_o kent_n 5.10_o which_o be_v read_v before_o all_o by_o king_n ethelbalds_n command_n they_o be_v all_o very_a well_o please_v therewith_o and_o say_v unanimous_o that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v find_v any_o so_o noble_a and_o so_o prudent_a a_o decree_n as_o this_o former_o make_v touch_v ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o therefore_o hoc_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la firmari_fw-la sanxerunt_fw-la decree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v confirm_v by_o they_o all_o whereupon_o king_n ethelbald_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n and_o stability_n of_o his_o kingdom_n confirm_v and_o subscribe_v with_o his_o own_o munificent_a hand_n that_o the_o liberty_n honour_n authority_n and_o security_n of_o christ_n church_n in_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v deny_v by_o no_o person_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n with_o all_o the_o land_n pertain_v thereunto_o except_o expedition_n and_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n and_o like_v as_o the_o say_a king_n wither_a himself_n ordain_v those_o privilege_n shall_v be_v observe_v by_o he_o and_o he_o so_o he_o and_o this_o council_n command_v they_o shall_v continue_v irrefragable_o and_o immutable_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o if_o any_o of_o our_o successor_n king_n bishop_n or_o prince_n shall_v attempt_v to_o infringe_v this_o wholesome_a decree_n let_v he_o render_v a_o account_n to_o almighty_a god_n in_o that_o terrible_a day_n but_o if_o any_o earl_n priests_z clerk_z deacon_n or_o monk_n shall_v resist_v this_o decree_n let_v he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o degree_n and_o sequester_v from_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o body_n &_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o alienate_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n unless_o he_o shall_v amend_v with_o due_a satisfaction_n what_o he_o have_v unjust_o do_v through_o the_o evil_a of_o pride_n 197._o anno_fw-la 747._o 747._o there_o be_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n or_o clyâ—fe_n under_o king_n ethelbald_n where_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o cuthbeâ—t_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n eleven_o other_o bishop_n cum_fw-la principibus_fw-la et_fw-la ducibus_fw-la with_o the_o prince_n and_o duke_n be_v present_a in_o this_o council_n be_v some_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o canon_n make_v the_o last_o whereof_o be_v for_o prayer_n to_o be_v public_o make_v for_o king_n and_o prince_n incessant_o that_o the_o people_n may_v live_v a_o godly_a and_o peaceable_a life_n under_o their_o pious_a protection_n in_o this_o council_n king_n ethelbald_n renew_v and_o enlarge_v his_o former_a grant_n of_o privilege_n to_o the_o church_n recite_v at_o large_a in_o the_o marginal_a author_n the_o sum_n whereof_o be_v this_o 12._o plerumque_fw-la contingere_fw-la solet_fw-la pro_fw-la incertâ_fw-la futurotum_fw-la temporum_fw-la vicissitudine_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la multorum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la personarum_fw-la testimonio_fw-la consilioque_fw-la roborata_fw-la fuissent_fw-la ut_fw-la fraudulenter_n
she_o the_o less_o for_o it_o since_o her_o weakness_n be_v unable_a to_o resist_v the_o king_n power_n and_o vow_v by_o god_n assistance_n speedy_o to_o avenge_v himself_o &_o she_o of_o the_o king_n for_o this_o indignity_n whereupon_o be_v a_o noble_a and_o very_a potent_a man_n of_o great_a parentage_n he_o call_v all_o his_o kinsman_n and_o the_o chief_a noble_n of_o his_o family_n to_o he_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o this_o dishonour_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o king_n say_v he_o will_v by_o all_o mean_n be_v avenge_v thereof_o and_o by_o their_o counsel_n and_o consent_n they_o go_v all_o together_o to_o york_n to_o the_o king_n who_o when_o he_o see_v bruern_v call_v he_o courteous_o to_o he_o but_o he_o guard_v with_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n present_o defy_v the_o king_n resign_v up_o to_o he_o his_o homage_n fealty_n land_n and_o what_o ever_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o say_v that_o he_o will_v never_o hold_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o hereafter_o as_o of_o his_o lord_n and_o so_o without_o more_o word_n or_o great_a stay_n instant_o depart_v and_o take_v leave_n of_o his_o friend_n go_v speedy_o into_o denmark_n and_o complain_v to_o codrinus_n king_n thereof_o of_o the_o indignity_n do_v by_o king_n osbrith_n to_o he_o and_o his_o lady_n implore_v his_o aid_n and_o assistance_n speedy_o to_o revenge_v it_o he_o be_v extract_v out_o of_o his_o royal_a blood_n the_o king_n and_o dane_n hereupon_o be_v exceed_v glad_a that_o they_o have_v this_o induce_v cause_n to_o invade_v england_n present_o gather_v together_o a_o great_a army_n to_o revenge_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o bruern_n be_v of_o his_o blood_n appoint_v his_o two_o brother_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n most_o valiant_a soldier_n to_o be_v their_o general_n who_o provide_v ship_n and_o other_o necessary_n transport_v a_o innumerable_a army_n into_o england_n and_o land_v they_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o the_o dane_n at_o this_o time_n invade_v england_n in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o parent_n kindred_n and_o friend_n of_o bruern_n expel_v and_o reject_v king_n osbrith_n for_o this_o â—njury_n do_v to_o he_o and_o his_o lady_n 8_o refuse_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o or_o to_o obey_v he_o any_o long_o as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n to_o be_v king_n though_o none_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n our_o other_o grafton_n historian_n who_o mention_v not_o this_o fact_n of_o osbrith_n and_o occasion_n of_o these_o dane_n arrival_n to_o revenge_v it_o write_z that_o the_o dane_n upon_o their_o land_n march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o york_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n unto_o tinmouth_n at_o that_o time_n they_o write_v by_o the_o devil_n instinct_n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a discord_n raise_v between_o the_o northumberlander_n sicut_fw-la â—emper_fw-la populo_fw-la qui_fw-la odium_fw-la incurrerit_fw-la evenire_fw-la solet_fw-la for_o the_o northumberlander_n at_o that_o time_n have_v expel_v their_o lawful_a king_n osbrith_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n a_o tyrant_n not_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n to_o the_o regal_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o division_n the_o dane_n take_v york_n run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o blood_n and_o grief_n waste_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n far_o and_o near_o leave_v nothing_o stand_v but_o the_o wall_n and_o ruin_n of_o thom_n pillage_n depopulate_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o whole_a country_n in_o which_o great_a necessity_n and_o distress_n the_o northumberlander_n reconcile_n their_o two_o king_n osbrith_n and_o ella_n one_o to_o another_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n together_o against_o the_o dane_n which_o their_o two_o king_n and_o â—ight_a earl_n march_v with_o to_o york_n where_o 〈…〉_z long_o fight_v with_o various_a success_n both_o the_o say_a king_n with_o most_o of_o the_o northumberlander_n be_v all_o slainâ—_n â—_z aâ—ril_n 11._o anno_fw-la 867._o the_o city_n of_o york_n consume_v with_o fire_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n make_v tributary_n to_o the_o dane_n 70._o simeon_n dunelmensis_n relate_v that_o both_o these_o king_n have_v violent_o &_o sacrilegious_o take_v away_o certain_a land_n from_o s._n cuthberts_n church_n in_o durham_n 4._o for_o osbrit_fw-mi have_v by_o a_o sacrilegious_a attempt_n take_v away_o wircewood_n and_o tillemouth_n and_o ella_n billingham_n heclif_n and_o wigeclif_n &_o creca_n from_o s._n cuthbert_n tandem_fw-la cum_fw-la maximâ_fw-la parte_fw-la suorum_fw-la ambo_fw-la praefati_fw-la reges_fw-la occubuerunt_fw-la &_o injurias_fw-la quas_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la cuthberti_fw-la aliquando_fw-la irrogaverant_fw-la vitâ_fw-la privati_fw-la &_o regno_fw-la persolverunt_fw-la which_o the_o author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n observe_v and_o record_n more_o large_o as_o a_o punishment_n of_o their_o sacrilegious_a rapine_n the_o dane_n hereupon_o make_v egbert_n king_n of_o northumberland_n as_o a_o tributary_n and_o viceroy_n under_o they_o sic_fw-la northumbria_n bellico_fw-la jure_fw-la obtenta_fw-la barbarorum_fw-la dominium_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la tempore_fw-la pro_fw-la conscientiâ_fw-la libertatis_fw-la ingemuit_fw-la write_v malmesbury_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 3._o p._n 42._o these_o rebellious_a northumberlander_n about_o 7_o year_n after_o 8._o uno_fw-la conspirantes_fw-la consilio_fw-la expel_v egbert_n the_o realm_n by_o unanimous_a consent_n together_o with_o archbishop_n wilfer_n make_v one_o richius_n king_n in_o his_o place_n the_o dane_n both_o then_o and_o long_o after_o possess_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n and_o slaughter_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o the_o 57_o marginal_a historian_n record_v more_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n by_o a_o just_a divine_a punishment_n for_o their_o manifold_a treason_n sedition_n faction_n rebellion_n against_o and_o murder_n of_o their_o sovereign_n 868._o in_o the_o year_n â—thelred_n 868._o a_o great_a army_n of_o these_o victorious_a plunder_v dane_n march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n to_o nottingham_n which_o they_o take_v and_o there_o winter_v whereupon_o beorred_a or_o brâ—thred_v king_n of_o mercian_n omnesque_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la gentis_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o that_o nation_n assemble_v together_o where_o the_o king_n consilium_fw-la habuit_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o comilitonibus_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la â—iâ—i_fw-la subjecto_fw-la qualiter_fw-la inimicos_fw-la bellicâ_fw-la virtute_fw-la exuperaretâ—_n sive_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la expelleret_fw-la hold_v a_o council_n with_o his_o earl_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n and_o all_o the_o people_n subject_n to_o he_o 9_o how_o he_o may_v vanquish_v these_o enemy_n with_o military_a power_n or_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o ethelâ—ed_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o to_o his_o brother_n elfrid_n humble_o request_v they_o that_o they_o will_v assist_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o danish_a army_n which_o they_o easy_o condescen_v to_o gather_v a_o very_a great_a army_n together_o out_o of_o all_o part_n and_o join_v all_o together_o with_o beorred_a and_o his_o force_n march_v to_o nottingham_n unanimous_o with_o a_o a_o resolution_n to_o give_v the_o dane_n battle_n who_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o town_n but_o be_v unable_a to_o break_v the_o wall_n they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n at_o last_o with_o the_o dane_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v relinquish_v the_o town_n and_o march_v back_o again_o inâ—o_o northumberland_n which_o they_o do_v where_o their_o army_n continue_v the_o whole_a year_n follow_v in_o &_o about_o york_n debacchaâ—s_n &_o insaniens_fw-la occidens_fw-la &_o perdens_fw-la perolurimos_fw-la viros_fw-la &_o muliâ—res_fw-la 864._o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n king_n beor_v as_o he_o style_v he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o earl_n algar_n the_o young_a who_o be_v veâ—y_o gracious_a with_o he_o and_o the_o other_o king_n causâ_fw-la suae_fw-la nobilis_fw-la militiae_fw-la grant_v a_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n not_o only_o of_o all_o the_o land_n advowsons_n possession_n 10.1_o which_o this_o earl_n with_o other_o particular_a person_n and_o king_n have_v give_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n confirm_v all_o their_o land_n marsh_n church_n chapel_n manor_n mansion_n cottage_n wood_n land_n meadow_n therein_o specify_v to_o god_n and_o saint_n guthlac_n for_o ever_o libera_n &_o soluta_fw-la &_o emancipata_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la onere_fw-la â—erreno_fw-la &_o servitio_fw-la seculari_fw-la in_o eleemâ—synam_n aeternam_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la possidendam_fw-la which_o charter_n have_v â—â—is_o memorable_a exordium_n express_v the_o motive_n
head_n whereupon_o he_o as_o ingulphus_n record_v go_v round_o about_o the_o land_n paucos_fw-la rusticos_fw-la relictos_fw-la excoriavit_fw-la mercatores_fw-la absorbuit_fw-la viduas_fw-la &_o orphanos_n oppressit_fw-la religiosos_fw-la omnes_fw-la tanquam_fw-la conscios_fw-la thesaurorum_fw-la innumeris_fw-la tormentis_fw-la afflixit_fw-la pluck_v oâ—f_o the_o skin_n of_o the_o few_o countryman_n that_o be_v leave_v swallow_v up_o the_o merchant_n oppress_v the_o widow_n and_o orphan_n and_o afflict_v all_o religious_a person_n 4â—_n as_o conscious_a of_o hidden_a treasure_n with_o innumerable_a torment_n whence_o among_o very_o many_o evil_n he_o do_v impopose_v a_o tribute_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n uâ—on_n godric_n the_o venerable_a abbot_n of_o croyland_n and_o his_o miserable_a freer_n he_o almost_o undo_v the_o monastery_n of_o croyland_n for_o no_o man_n after_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o overmuch_a poverty_n of_o the_o place_n will_v come_v to_o conversion_n yea_o abbot_n godric_n be_v unable_a to_o sustain_v his_o profess_a monk_n disperse_v many_o of_o the_o monk_n among_o their_o parent_n and_o other_o friend_n of_o the_o monastery_n through_o all_o the_o country_n very_o few_o remain_v with_o he_o in_o the_o monastery_n â—nd_v protract_v their_o life_n in_o great_a want_n then_o all_o the_o chalice_n of_o the_o say_a monastery_n except_o 3._o anâ—_n all_o the_o silver_n vessel_n beside_o the_o crucible_n of_o king_n withlasius_n and_o other_o jewel_n very_o precious_a be_v change_v into_o money_n or_o sell_v for_o money_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o satisfy_v the_o unsatiable_a covetousness_n of_o ceolwulfe_n the_o viceroy_n who_o at_o last_o by_o his_o lord_n the_o dane_n most_o just_a in_o this_o after_o all_o his_o rapine_n and_o oppression_n of_o the_o people_n by_o unjust_a tax_n and_o impost_n be_v depose_v and_o strip_v naked_a of_o all_o his_o ill-gotten_a treasure_n even_o to_o his_o very_a privity_n and_o so_o end_v his_o life_n most_o miserable_o and_o the_o kingdom_n also_o of_o the_o mercian_n at_o this_o very_a time_n king_n alfred_n prevail_v against_o the_o dane_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o kingdom_n oâ—_n the_o westsaxon_n and_o remain_v so_o unite_v ever_o after_o when_o it_o have_v continue_v a_o kingdom_n from_o the_o first_o year_n of_o penda_n the_o first_o king_n thereof_o to_o the_o last_o time_n of_o this_o miserable_a viceroy_n ceolwulph_n about_o 230_o year_n of_o which_o kingdom_n 4â—â—_n william_n of_o malmesbury_n thus_o conclude_v ita_fw-la principatus_fw-la merciorum_fw-la qui_fw-la per_fw-la tumidam_fw-la gentilis_fw-la viri_fw-la insaniam_fw-la subitó_n efsloruit_n tunc_fw-la per_fw-la miseram_fw-la semiviri_fw-la ignaviam_fw-la omninó_n emarcuit_fw-la anno_fw-la dom._n 875._o though_o speed_v post-date_n its_o period_n in_o the_o year_n 886._o whence_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o unjust_a rapine_n tax_n oppression_n speedy_o &_o sudden_o destroy_v both_o king_n and_o kingdom_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v anno_fw-la 876._o 155._o halden_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n seize_v upon_o the_o sedition_n kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n sibi_fw-la eam_fw-la suisque_fw-la ministris_fw-la distrâ—buit_fw-la illamque_fw-la ab_fw-la exercitu_fw-la svo_fw-la coli_fw-la fecit_fw-la avobus_fw-la annis_n total_o dispossess_v the_o seditious_a murderous_a northumberlander_n thereof_o who_o but_o a_o little_a before_o have_v expel_v both_o their_o king_n and_o archbishop_n out_o of_o their_o realm_n this_o halden_n and_o his_o soldier_n miserable_o waste_v and_o destroy_v the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o those_o part_n for_o which_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n sudden_o fâ—ll_o upon_o halden_n who_o be_v not_o only_o strike_v with_o madness_n of_o mind_n but_o with_o such_o a_o most_o loathsome_a disease_n in_o his_o body_n which_o much_o torment_v he_o that_o the_o intolerable_a stink_n thereof_o make_v he_o so_o odious_a &_o loathsome_a to_o â—is_n whole_a army_n that_o be_v contemn_v and_o cast_v out_o by_o they_o all_o he_o flee_v away_o from_o tine_n only_o with_o three_o ship_n and_o soon_o after_o perish_v with_o all_o his_o plunder_v 4._o sacrilegious_a follower_n the_o dane_n elect_v guthr_v king_n in_o his_o stead_n possess_v this_o sedition_n realm_n of_o northumberland_n till_o dispossess_v of_o it_o by_o king_n edmund_n an._n 944._o who_o then_o annex_v it_o to_o his_o kingdom_n our_o noble_a saxon_a king_n 9_o alfred_n the_o first_o anoint_v king_n of_o england_n 877._o as_o glorious_a for_o his_o most_o excellent_a law_n transcendent_a justice_n and_o civil_a government_n as_o for_o his_o martial_a exploit_n victory_n and_o for_o his_o incomparable_a piety_n and_o extraordinary_a bounty_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o learned_a man_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n anno_fw-la dom._n 87â—_n in_o the_o year_n 873_o 874_o and_o sundry_a year_n follow_v by_o common_a consent_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n command_v long_a ship_n and_o galley_n to_o be_v build_v throughout_o the_o realm_n and_o furnish_v with_o mariner_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o eucounter_v the_o danish_a ship_n and_o pirate_n which_o than_o infest_a and_o waste_v the_o realm_n from_o time_n to_o time_n who_o force_n he_o often_o encounter_v as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n with_o various_a success_n at_o last_o have_v obtain_v the_o monarchy_n of_o all_o england_n and_o receive_v their_o homage_n and_o oath_n of_o fealty_n to_o he_o he_o appoint_v special_a guardian_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o sea-cost_n in_o all_o place_n whereby_o he_o very_o much_o free_v the_o land_n from_o the_o dane_n devastâ—tions_n abouâ—_n the_o year_n 887._o 887._o even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o war_n when_o law_n use_v to_o be_v silent_a he_o compile_v a_o body_n of_o ecclesiastical_a and_o canon_n law_n out_o of_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n and_o tâ—e_v law_n which_o his_o pious_a predecessor_n ina_n ofâ—a_n and_o ethelbert_n have_v religious_o make_v and_o observe_v antiquate_v some_o of_o they_o retain_v reform_v other_o of_o they_o and_o add_v some_o new_a law_n of_o his_o own_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o counsel_n of_o his_o wiseman_n &_o of_o the_o most_o prudent_a of_o his_o subject_n the_o observation_n of_o which_o law_n be_v enjoin_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o they_o 6._o all_o wherein_o certain_a fine_n and_o penalty_n be_v prescribe_v for_o most_o particular_a offence_n which_o may_v not_o be_v alter_v or_o excee_v among_o other_o law_n as_o 347._o andrew_n horn_n and_o other_o record_v this_o king_n and_o his_o wiseman_n ordain_v that_o a_o parliament_n twice_o every_o year_n and_o often_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n shall_v be_v call_v together_o at_o london_n that_o therein_o they_o may_v make_v law_n and_o ordinance_n to_o keep_v the_o people_n of_o god_n from_o sin_n that_o they_o may_v live_v in_o peacâ—_n and_o receive_v right_a and_o justice_n by_o certain_a custom_n and_o holy_a judgement_n and_o not_o be_v rule_v in_o a_o arbitrary_a manner_n but_o by_o stable_n know_v law_n 6â—_n and_o it_o be_v then_o agree_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o all_o the_o land_n unto_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n environ_v the_o land_n as_o belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o crown_n this_o king_n 1777._o by_o appoint_v hundred_o and_o tithing_n throughout_o the_o realm_n with_o constable_n and_o tithe_n man_n who_o be_v to_o take_v surety_n or_o pledge_n for_o the_o good_a behaviour_n of_o all_o within_o their_o jurisdiction_n or_o else_o the_o hundred_o to_o answer_v all_o offence_n &_o injury_n therein_o commit_v both_o to_o the_o party_n and_o king_n cause_v such_o a_o general_a peace_n throughout_o the_o realm_n and_o such_o security_n from_o robber_n and_o plunderer_n even_o in_o those_o time_n of_o war_n that_o he_o will_v hang_v up_o golden_a bracelet_n in_o the_o highway_n and_o none_o dare_v touch_v they_o and_o a_o girâ—_n may_v have_v travel_v safe_o lade_v with_o gold_n from_o one_o end_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o the_o other_o without_o any_o violence_n 326.327_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o florence_n of_o worcester_n record_n that_o he_o spend_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o time_n in_o compoâ—â—tione_n leâ—um_fw-la quibus_fw-la milvorum_fw-la rapacitatem_fw-la reprimeretur_fw-la &_o â—â—mplex_fw-la 〈…〉_z and_o among_o many_o other_o memorable_a act_n of_o his_o justice_n as_o he_o frequent_o examine_v the_o judgement_n and_o proceed_n of_o his_o judge_n and_o justice_n severe_o check_v they_o when_o they_o give_v any_o illegal_a judgement_n against_o law_n and_o right_n mere_o out_o of_o ignorance_n of_o which_o they_o be_v to_o purge_v themselves_o by_o oath_n that_o they_o can_v judge_v no_o better_o so_o he_o severe_o punish_v they_o when_o they_o thus_o offend_v out_o of_o corruption_n partiality_n and_o malice_n 301._o andrew_n horâ—_n in_o his_o mirror_n of_o justice_n record_n that_o he_o hang_v up_o no_o less_o than_o 44_o of_o his_o judge_n and_o justice_n in_o one_o year_n as_o murderer_n and_o capital_a offender_n princicipal_o for_o their_o false_a judgement_n in_o condemn_v
a_o cruel_a death_n who_o give_v he_o this_o ill_a advice_n and_o to_o pacify_v his_o brother_n â—host_n and_o his_o own_o conscience_n build_v two_o new_a monastery_n at_o middleton_n and_o michelresse_n and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o old_a monastery_n in_o england_n which_o he_o adorn_v not_o either_o with_o building_n or_o ornament_n or_o book_n or_o landâ—_n to_o expâ—ate_v this_o his_o bloody_a crime_n in_o this_o king_n aethelstans_n reign_n in_o the_o year_n 927._o there_o be_v fiery_a beam_n and_o meteor_n see_v throughout_o all_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n soon_o after_o which_o athelstan_n resolve_v utter_o to_o extirpate_v the_o perfidious_a nation_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o treacherous_a scot_n which_o have_v violate_v their_o agreement_n make_v with_o his_o father_n whereupon_o he_o march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n into_o northumberland_n and_o scotland_n waste_v and_o harrow_v the_o country_n without_o resistance_n force_v guithfrith_n king_n of_o northumberland_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n unite_n it_o to_o his_o own_o realm_n vanquish_v and_o overcome_v howel_n king_n of_o wales_n constantine_n king_n of_o scot_n anlafe_v the_o dane_n and_o other_o in_o a_o set_a battle_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o their_o realm_n and_o force_v they_o to_o submit_v to_o he_o who_o upon_o their_o submission_n know_v the_o chance_n of_o war_n to_o be_v variable_a and_o pity_v the_o case_n of_o these_o downcast_a prince_n restore_v they_o present_o to_o their_o former_a estate_n with_o this_o princely_a speech_n that_o it_o be_v more_o honour_n to_o make_v a_o king_n than_o to_o be_v a_o king_n yet_o these_o petty_a king_n prince_n rebel_a afterward_o &_o side_v with_o anlafe_a against_o he_o be_v all_o rouâ—ed_v by_o athelstanâ—_n king_n constantine_n of_o scotland_n with_o five_o more_o of_o these_o king_n 12_o dukes_z and_o most_o of_o their_o army_n slay_v in_o one_o battle_n principal_o by_o the_o valour_n of_o turketulus_n and_o the_o londoner_n an._n 837_o whereupon_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o wales_n contract_v to_o pay_v he_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 20_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n and_o 300_o of_o silver_n and_o 25000_o head_n of_o cattle_n with_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o hawk_n and_o hound_n which_o no_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o exact_v or_o receive_v from_o they_o before_o 49._o william_n of_o malmesâ—ury_n who_o exceed_v in_o his_o praise_n write_v that_o it_o be_v true_o report_v of_o he_o among_o the_o english_a quod_fw-la nemo_fw-la legalius_fw-la vel_fw-la literatius_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la administraverit_fw-la that_o no_o king_n govern_v the_o commonwealth_n more_o legal_o or_o learned_o than_o he_o be_v as_o 817._o ingulphus_n record_v guide_v and_o direct_v by_o turketulus_n his_o chancellor_n a_o man_n of_o great_a integrity_n honesty_n and_o piety_n of_o profound_a judgement_n who_o decree_n upon_o debate_n be_v irrefragable_a this_o king_n athelstan_n for_o the_o better_a administration_n of_o justice_n enact_v sundry_a excellent_a civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n record_v in_o bromt._n lamb._n &_o spelm._n 928._o the_o first_o of_o these_o his_o law_n be_v make_v and_o enact_v in_o the_o famous_a archaton_n â—ounâ—il_n of_o grate_o about_o the_o year_n 928_o in_o which_o the_o king_n himself_o wulfehelm_v archbishop_n of_o canteâ—bury_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n which_o king_n ethelstan_n can_v assemble_v be_v present_a who_o all_o ordain_v and_o confirm_v these_o law_n in_o this_o great_a council_n as_o the_o last_o chapter_n 〈◊〉_d inform_v we_o in_o â—hese_fw-mi word_n 5.6_o totum_fw-la hoc_fw-la institutum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la in_o magno_fw-la synodo_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n cui_fw-la archiepiâ—copâ—â—_n 〈…〉_z et_fw-fr omnes_fw-la optimates_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la quos_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la potuit_fw-la congregare_fw-la or_o cumâ—â—_n optimates_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la ab_fw-la aetheâ—â—tano_fw-la evocate_n frequentissimi_fw-la as_o another_o copy_n render_v itâ—_n which_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o member_n of_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v to_o it_o by_o this_o king_n write_v and_o not_o elect_v by_o the_o people_n suffrage_n and_o although_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o clergy_n man_n be_v the_o chief_a adviser_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a lâ—ws_n make_v in_o this_o council_n as_o this_o prologue_n to_o they_o atte_v ego_fw-la aethelstanus_fw-la rex_fw-la ex_fw-la prudentiâ—lâ—â—elmae_fw-la â—lâ—â—elmae_z archiepiscopi_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la et_fw-la servorum_fw-la dei_fw-la consilio_fw-la mando_fw-la yet_o they_o be_v all_o enact_v and_o confirm_v by_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n in_o the_o council_n as_o the_o premise_n evidence_n in_o this_o council_n the_o king_n commandedâ—_n by_o his_o law_n all_o his_o officer_n that_o they_o shall_v demand_v and_o exact_v from_o his_o subject_n such_o thing_n and_o duty_n only_o as_o they_o may_v just_o and_o lawful_o receive_v 1._o add_v this_o memorable_a reason_n for_o it_o nunquam_fw-la enim_fw-la erit_fw-la populo_fw-la bene_fw-la consultum_fw-la nec_fw-la digne_fw-fr deo_fw-la conserâ—abitur_fw-la ubi_fw-la lucrum_fw-la impium_fw-la et_fw-la magis_fw-la falsum_fw-la diligitur_fw-la ideo_fw-la â—eâ—ent_fw-la omnes_fw-la amici_fw-la dei_fw-la quoâ—_n miquum_fw-la en_fw-fr enervare_fw-la quod_fw-la â—ustum_fw-la est_fw-la elevare_fw-la non_fw-la paâ—i_fw-la ut_fw-la prope_a falsum_fw-la et_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la quaestum_fw-la se_fw-la forisfaciant_fw-la homines_fw-la erâ—â—â—ere_fw-la â—apientem_fw-la deum_fw-la cui_fw-la displicet_fw-la omnis_fw-la injustitia_fw-la which_o i_o wish_v all_o our_o unrighteous_a covetous_a â—â—x-maâ—â—ers_a exciser_n and_o exacter_n will_v now_o serious_o consider_v afâ—er_v which_o it_o follow_v chrisâ—ianis_fw-la autem_fw-la omnibus_fw-la necesâ—arium_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la rectum_fw-la diligant_fw-la ut_fw-la iniqua_fw-la condemnent_fw-la et_fw-la saltem_fw-la sacris_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la erecti_fw-la justum_fw-la semper_fw-la erigant_fw-la et_fw-la prava_fw-la deponant_fw-la hinc_fw-la debent_fw-la episcopi_fw-la cum_fw-la saeculi_fw-la judicibus_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la ne_fw-la permittant_fw-la si_fw-la possint_fw-la ut_fw-la illinc_fw-la aliqua_fw-la pravitatum_fw-la germina_fw-la pullulaverint_fw-la and_o to_o avoid_v all_o arbitrary_a proceed_n oppression_n and_o injustice_n in_o all_o thing_n this_o council_n by_o positive_a law_n ascertain_v all_o fine_n amerciament_n imprisonment_n and_o corporal_a punishment_n for_o criminal_a offence_n from_o which_o the_o judge_n may_v not_o vary_v and_o withal_o define_v what_o arm_n every_o man_n shall_v â—ind_v in_o those_o time_n of_o war_n against_o the_o dane_n and_o other_o enemy_n by_o his_o positive_a law_n lex_fw-la 21._o sax._n 16._o omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la habebit_fw-la duos_fw-la homines_fw-la cum_fw-la bonis_fw-la equis_fw-la de_fw-la omni_fw-la carucâ_fw-la 3._o king_n ethelstane_n after_o this_o council_n at_o grate_o what_o year_n be_v not_o express_v assemble_v several_a other_o parliamentary_a 5._o council_n at_o exeter_n feuresham_n and_o thunderfeld_n wherein_o he_o and_o his_o wiseman_n by_o common_a consent_n confirm_v the_o law_n make_v at_o grate_o alter_v some_o of_o they_o in_o certain_a particular_n and_o add_v some_o new_a law_n unto_o they_o as_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o bromâ—on_n and_o as_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o this_o prologue_n to_o those_o law_n assure_v we_o 850._o `_o haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la judicia_fw-la quae_fw-la sapientes_fw-la exonâ—ae_fw-la consilio_fw-la adelstani_fw-la regis_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la &_o iterum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d feureshamâ—_n â—_z et_fw-la tertia_fw-la vice_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldiam_fw-la ubi_fw-la hoc_fw-la definitum_fw-la simul_fw-la et_fw-la confiâ—matum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la imprimis_fw-la est_fw-la 6._o ut_fw-la observentur_fw-la omâ—ia_fw-la judicia_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la gratelâ—yam_n imposita_fw-la fuerint_fw-la praeter_fw-la mercatum_fw-la civitatis_fw-la et_fw-la diei_fw-la dominicae_fw-la the_o cause_n of_o make_v these_o new_a law_n and_o confirm_v the_o old_a be_v a_o complaint_n to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o council_n at_o exeter_n that_o the_o peace_n and_o law_n make_v at_o grateley_n be_v not_o so_o well_o keep_v as_o they_o shall_v be_v and_o that_o thief_n and_o malefactor_n abound_v as_o this_o prologue_n manifest_v 850._o ego_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la notifico_fw-la vobis_fw-la sicut_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la michi_n quod_fw-la pax_fw-la nostra_fw-la pejus_fw-la observata_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la michi_n placet_fw-la vel_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n fuerit_fw-la institutum_fw-la 6._o et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la michi_n dicunt_fw-la quod_fw-la hocdiutius_fw-la pertuli_fw-la quam_fw-la debueram_fw-la nunc_fw-la inveni_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la qui_fw-la apud_fw-la exoniam_fw-la fuerint_fw-la mecum_fw-la in_o sancto_fw-la natali_n domini_fw-la quod_fw-la parati_fw-la sunt_fw-la omnino_fw-la quando_fw-la velim_fw-la cum_fw-la seipsis_fw-la &_o uxoribus_fw-la &_o pecunia_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la re_fw-la suâ_fw-la ire_n quo_fw-la tunc_fw-la voluero_fw-la nisi_fw-la malefactores_fw-la requiescant_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la quo_fw-la nunquam_fw-la deinceps_fw-la in_o patriam_fw-la istam_fw-la redeant_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o council_n of_o feuresham_n in_o kent_n the_o king_n by_o some_o of_o his_o wise-counsellor_n send_v thither_o to_o it_o propound_v some_o thing_n for_o the_o weal_n
certain_a and_o apparent_a a_o perilous_a thing_n be_v act_v we_o suffer_v evil_a thing_n we_o discern_v worse_a we_o fear_v the_o worst_a of_o all_o we_o fight_v daily_o neither_o do_v we_o overcome_v nor_o yet_o be_v we_o vanquish_v yea_o we_o be_v overcome_v and_o yet_o no_o man_n vanquisheth_z for_o how_o be_v we_o not_o overcome_v who_o be_v wound_v who_o be_v oppress_v who_o be_v weary_v who_o be_v distress_v by_o force_n who_o be_v spoil_v by_o arm_n neither_o fly_v we_o since_o there_o be_v none_o who_o may_v assault_v we_o neither_o do_v we_o assault_v since_o courage_n fail_v on_o both_o side_n how_o long_o shall_v it_o be_v ere_o we_o see_v a_o end_n of_o these_o wonderful_a thing_n when_o shall_v there_o be_v rest_n from_o this_o labour_n tranquillity_n from_o this_o storm_n security_n from_o this_o fear_n certain_o edmond_n be_v invincible_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o wonderful_a fortitude_n anâ—_n cnute_n also_o be_v invincible_a by_o reason_n of_o fortune_n favour_n we_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n we_o be_v slay_v we_o be_v dissipate_v we_o lose_v our_o dear_a pledge_n we_o expose_v our_o sweet_a friend_n and_o alliance_n to_o death_n but_o of_o this_o labour_n what_o fruiâ—_n what_o end_n what_o price_n what_o emolument_fw-fr what_o i_o pray_v but_o that_o the_o soldier_n be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n the_o captain_n at_o last_o compel_v by_o necessity_n may_v compound_v or_o very_o fight_v alone_o without_o a_o soldier_n why_o then_o not_o now_o true_o while_o we_o live_v while_o we_o breath_n while_o the_o army_n remain_v this_o may_v be_v do_v more_o profitable_o honest_o secure_o i_o demand_v what_o insolence_n yea_o violence_n yea_o madness_n be_v this_o england_n heretofore_o when_o subject_v to_o many_o king_n both_o flourish_v in_o glory_n and_o abound_v in_o riches_n o_o ambition_n how_o blind_a be_v it_o always_o which_o coveâ—ing_v the_o whole_a lose_v the_o whole_a why_o i_o pray_v do_v not_o that_o now_o suffice_v two_o which_o heretofore_o be_v sufficient_a for_o five_o king_n but_o if_o there_o be_v in_o they_o so_o great_a a_o lust_n of_o domineer_a that_o edmond_n disdain_v a_o peer_n cnuâ—e_v a_o superior_a pugnent_fw-la quaeso_fw-la soli_fw-la qui_fw-la soli_fw-la cupiunt_fw-la dominari_fw-la certent_fw-la pro_fw-la corona_n soli_fw-la qui_fw-la soli_fw-la cupiunt_fw-la insigniri_fw-la let_v they_o fight_v i_o beseech_v you_o alone_z who_o desire_v to_o domineer_v alone_o leâ—_n they_o contend_v for_o the_o crown_n alone_o who_o desire_v to_o be_v crown_v alone_o let_v the_o general_n themselves_o enter_v into_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o duel_n that_o even_o by_o this_o mean_v one_o of_o they_o may_v be_v vanquish_v lest_o if_o the_o army_n shall_v fight_v more_o often_o all_o be_v slay_v there_o shall_v be_v no_o soldier_n for_o they_o to_o rule_v over_o nor_o any_o who_o may_v defend_v the_o realm_n against_o foreiner_n while_o he_o be_v about_o to_o speak_v more_o all_z the_o people_z shut_v up_o his_o speech_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o jaw_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v cry_v out_o and_o say_n aut_fw-la pugnent_fw-la ipsi_fw-la aut_fw-la component_n let_v they_o fight_v themselves_o or_o let_v they_o compound_v his_o speech_n record_v in_o bromton_n henâ—_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n speedâ—_n â—_z and_o other_o be_v much_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n though_o different_a in_o some_o expression_n 400._o matthew_n westmininster_n bring_v in_o edric_n speak_v only_o thus_o to_o the_o noble_n o_o insensati_fw-la nobiles_fw-la et_fw-la armis_fw-la potâ—ntes_fw-la cur_n â—oties_fw-la morimur_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la pro_fw-la regibus_fw-la cum_fw-la ipsi_fw-la nobis_fw-la morâ—entibus_fw-la nec_fw-la regnum_fw-la obâ—ineant_fw-la nec_fw-la avaritiae_fw-la suae_fw-la finem_fw-la imponant_fw-la pugnent_fw-la consulto_fw-la singulariter_fw-la qui_fw-la singulariter_fw-la regnare_fw-la contendâ—â—t_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la ista_fw-la regnandi_fw-la libido_fw-la quod_fw-la anglia_fw-it modo_fw-la duobus_fw-la non_fw-la sufficit_fw-la quae_fw-la â—lim_fw-la octo_fw-la regibus_fw-la satisfuit_fw-la itaque_fw-la vel_fw-la soli_fw-la componant_fw-la vel_fw-la soli_fw-la pro_fw-la regno_fw-la decertent_fw-la placuit_fw-la autem_fw-la haec_fw-la sententia_fw-la omnibus_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la reges_fw-la procerum_fw-la delatum_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la illi_fw-la consentiendo_fw-la approbant_fw-la hereupon_o all_o the_o noble_n concur_v in_o this_o opinion_n both_o king_n approve_v their_o determination_n fight_v a_o royal_a single_a duel_n first_o on_o horseback_n then_o on_o foot_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o olerenge_n or_o olney_n near_a gloucester_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o severn_n in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o their_o army_n with_o extraordinary_a courage_n and_o equal_a success_n till_o they_o be_v both_o quite_o tire_v but_o neither_o of_o they_o vanquish_v at_o last_o upon_o cnutes_n motion_n they_o begin_v to_o parley_v in_o a_o friendly_a manner_n cnute_n speak_v thus_o to_o edmond_n hitherto_o i_o have_v be_v covetous_a of_o thy_o realm_n now_o most_o valiant_a of_o man_n i_o be_o very_o more_o desirous_a of_o thyself_o who_o i_o see_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v i_o say_v not_o before_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n but_o the_o whole_a world_n itself_o denmark_n have_v yield_v to_o i_o norwey_n have_v subject_v itself_o to_o i_o the_o king_n of_o swede_n have_v give_v i_o his_o hand_n and_o thy_o admirable_a valour_n have_v more_o than_o once_o fructrate_v the_o force_n of_o my_o assault_n which_o i_o believe_v no_o mortal_a man_n can_v have_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v wherefore_o although_o fortune_n have_v promise_v that_o i_o shall_v be_v every_o where_o a_o conqueror_n yet_o thy_o admirable_a valour_n have_v so_o allure_v i_o to_o favour_n that_o i_o above_o measure_n desire_v thou_o both_o for_o a_o friend_n and_o consort_n of_o my_o kingdom_n will_v to_o god_n that_o thou_o also_o may_v be_v as_o desirous_a of_o i_o that_o i_o may_v reign_v with_o thou_o in_o england_n and_o thou_o may_v reign_v with_o i_o in_o denmark_n true_o if_o thy_o valour_n shall_v be_v unite_v to_o my_o fortune_n norway_n will_v fear_v and_o sweden_n will_v quake_v france_n itself_o accustom_v to_o war_n will_v tremble_v in_o brief_a edmond_n and_o cnute_n both_o consent_n to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n edmond_n yield_v to_o word_n who_o have_v not_o yield_v to_o sword_n be_v overcome_v with_o this_o oration_n who_o can_v not_o be_v overcome_v with_o arm_n whereupon_o lay_v aside_o their_o arm_n they_o run_v and_o mutual_o embrace_v and_o kiss_v each_o other_o both_o army_n rejoice_v and_o the_o clergy_n sing_v te_fw-la deum_fw-la laudamus_fw-la with_o a_o loud_a voice_n afterward_o in_o testimony_n of_o agreement_n they_o change_v clothes_n and_o arm_n with_o each_o other_o and_o return_v to_o their_o army_n prescribe_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o agreement_n and_o peace_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n duâ—elmensis_n and_o 436._o roger_n hoveden_n add_v that_o they_o ratify_v the_o agreement_n with_o oath_n tributoque_fw-la quod_fw-la classicae_n manvi_fw-la penderetur_fw-la statuto_fw-la and_o appoint_v a_o tribute_n which_o shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o sea_n force_n 9_o and_o then_o depart_v from_o each_o other_o the_o dane_n return_v with_o the_o great_a booty_n they_o have_v get_v to_o their_o ship_n with_o who_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n dato_n precio_fw-la which_o they_o pay_v a_o prâ—ce_n for_o they_o permit_v they_o there_o to_o winter_n the_o realm_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o both_o but_o the_o crown_n remain_v to_o edmond_n with_o the_o city_n of_o london_n essex_n east-england_n and_o all_o the_o land_n on_o the_o southside_n the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o cnute_n enjoy_v the_o north_n part_n of_o england_n by_o mutual_a consent_n and_o agreement_n of_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o so_o this_o bloody_a war_n between_o they_o â—after_o 7._o or_o 8._o battle_n within_o so_o many_o month_n space_n cease_v soon_o after_o this_o fatal_a agreement_n and_o partition_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o make_v edmond_n but_o half_a a_o â—_z and_o england_n half_a denmark_n that_o ever_o traitorous_a duke_n edric_n to_o ingratiate_v himself_o the_o more_o with_o cnute_n treacherous_o murder_v king_n edmond_n at_o oxford_n of_o which_o there_o be_v 3._o different_a relation_n in_o our_o historian_n angliae_fw-la some_o say_v that_o he_o corrupt_v the_o king_n chamberlain_n wiâ—h_v gift_n to_o murder_v he_o in_o his_o bed_n and_o that_o king_n cnute_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o coronation_n cause_v all_o of_o they_o who_o have_v conspire_v his_o death_n by_o edric_n exhortation_n to_o come_v before_o he_o where_o they_o declare_v to_o the_o king_n the_o treason_n they_o have_v commit_v against_o king_n edmond_n expect_v a_o large_a reward_n for_o iâ—_n whereupon_o the_o king_n send_v for_o the_o great_a man_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o make_v the_o traitor_n to_o acknowledge_v their_o treason_n before_o they_o and_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o people_n fear_v lest_o otherwise_o it_o shall_v be_v believe_v that_o he_o have_v
to_o be_v preserve_v and_o educate_v cnute_n have_v thus_o through_o the_o flattery_n perjury_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o euglish_n prelate_n and_o noble_n â—ained_v the_o entire_a monarchy_n of_o englandâ—_n slay_v or_o banish_v all_o those_o perfidious_a english_a sycophant_n temporizer_n who_o have_v the_o chief_a hand_n in_o this_o false_a testimony_n abjuration_n &_o treacherous_a bloody_a advice_n against_o the_o saxon_a royal_a family_n â—y_a who_o couâ—cel_n he_o slay_v or_o banisheâ—_n all_o the_o blood-royal_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o so_o he_o may_v jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la reserve_v and_o perpetuate_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o own_o posterity_n by_o a_o hereditary_a right_n duke_n edric_n the_o principal_a of_o they_o for_o this_o and_o his_o other_o treason_n foremention_v be_v deprive_v of_o his_o dukedom_n of_o mercia_n and_o exemplary_o execute_v as_o a_o most_o perfidious_a traitor_n by_o cnute_n command_v the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o many_o of_o his_o captain_n and_o follower_n be_v slay_v with_o he_o of_o which_o at_o large_a before_o morâ—â—m_fw-la proditoriâ—_n pro_fw-la demeritis_fw-la accepit_fw-la laqueo_fw-la suspensus_fw-la et_fw-la in_o tamesin_n fluvium_fw-la projectus_fw-la cum_fw-la quo_fw-la plurimis_fw-la sattellitum_fw-la suorum_fw-la similiter_fw-la occisis_fw-la eâ—iam_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la praecipuus_fw-la et_fw-la primus_fw-la normannus_n occisus_fw-la est_fw-la write_v abbot_n 892._o ingulphus_n turkell_n duke_n of_o east-england_n and_o hirc_n duke_n of_o northumberland_n be_v both_o banish_v the_o realm_n duke_n norman_a and_o bridric_n slay_v and_o a_o heavy_a tax_n of_o 82_o thousand_o pound_n 8_o beside_o 10000_o pound_n impose_v on_o london_n alone_a impose_v and_o levy_v on_o the_o whole_a nation_n quoniam_fw-la igitur_fw-la proprii_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la proditores_fw-la adulantes_fw-la regi_fw-la mentiâ—i_fw-la sunâ—_n in_o caput_fw-la suum_fw-la gladiuâ—_fw-la eorum_fw-la intravit_fw-la in_o cor_fw-la eorum_fw-la et_fw-la à _fw-la cnutho_n quem_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la dominis_n praetulerunt_fw-la confractus_fw-la eâ—t_fw-la arcu_fw-la eoruâ—_n cum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d monarchiam_fw-la insulae_fw-la favenâ—ibus_fw-la illis_fw-la obâ—inuiâ—â—eâ—_n omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la primi_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la fuere_fw-la consilio_fw-la exterminavit_fw-la et_fw-la qâ—oâ—quoâ—_n de_fw-fr regio_fw-la semine_fw-la â—uperstites_fw-la reperit_fw-la vel_fw-la regno_fw-la repulit_fw-la vel_fw-la occidit_fw-la as_o 366._o abbot_n ethelred_n record_v to_o posterity_n to_o which_o 363._o henry_n huntindon_n and_o 3._o henrâ—_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n subjoin_n posteà _fw-la vero_fw-la rex_fw-la justo_fw-la dei_fw-la judicio_fw-la dignam_fw-la retributionem_fw-la nequitiae_fw-la anglis_fw-la reddidit_fw-la ipse_fw-la namque_fw-la rex_fw-la cnuâ—e_fw-la edricum_fw-la occidit_fw-la quia_fw-la timebat_fw-la ab_fw-la insidiâ—s_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la aliquando_fw-la circumveniri_fw-la sicut_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la priores_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la &_o edmondus_fw-la frequent_a sunt_fw-la circumventi_fw-la quorum_fw-la diutina_fw-la proditione_n alterum_fw-la vexavit_fw-la alterum_fw-la interfecit_fw-la add_v â—lorentius_fw-la wigorniâ—nsis_fw-la simeon_n dunelmensis_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n and_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la turkellum_fw-la exulavit_fw-la hirc_n fugere_fw-la compulit_fw-la praeterea_fw-la summos_fw-la procerum_fw-la aggressus_fw-la normannum_fw-la ducem_fw-la interfecit_fw-la edwi_n adeling_n exterminavit_fw-la adelwoldum_fw-la detruncavit_fw-la edwi_n churlege_v exulavit_fw-la birdric_n ferro_fw-la vita_fw-la privavit_fw-la 391._o aethelwardus_fw-la filius_fw-la agelmari_fw-la ducis_fw-la et_fw-la brihtricus_fw-la filius_fw-la alphegi_fw-la domnaniensis_fw-la satrapae_fw-la sinâ—_n culpa_fw-la interfecti_fw-la sunt_fw-la fecit_fw-la quoque_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la mirabilem_fw-la censum_fw-la reddi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la 82._o some_o write_v 72._o mille_fw-la librarum_fw-la praeter_fw-la undecies_fw-la mille_fw-la libriâ—_n quas_fw-la londinensis_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la dignum_fw-la igitur_fw-la exactorem_fw-la dominus_fw-la justus_n anglis_fw-la imposuit_fw-la for_o reject_v their_o own_o hereditary_a sovereign_a line_n 205._o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la english_v by_o trevisa_n fabian_n and_o 174._o grafton_n thus_o second_v they_o also_o they_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v in_o all_o wise_a put_v off_o edmond_n kin_n they_o trow_v thereby_o to_o be_v great_a with_o the_o king_n afterward_o but_o it_o fare_v far_o otherwise_o for_o many_o or_o the_o more_o part_n of_o they_o special_o such_o as_o canutus_n perceive_v be_v swear_v beâ—ore_o to_o edmond_n and_o his_o heir_n he_o mistrust_v and_o disdain_v ever_o after_o nota._n therefore_o some_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v by_o god_n rightful_a doom_n and_o some_o banish_v and_o exile_v and_o put_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o some_o by_o god_n punishment_n die_v sudden_o and_o come_v to_o a_o miserable_a end_n which_o other_o of_o our_o historian_n likewise_o register_v i_o shall_v desire_v all_o such_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o like_a treachery_n flattery_n practice_n or_o advice_n against_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n royal_a posterity_n advise_o to_o ponder_v this_o sad_a domestic_a precedent_n in_o their_o most_o retire_a meditation_n for_o fear_v they_o incur_v the_o like_a divine_a retaliation_n by_o god_n rightful_a doom_n when_o and_o by_o who_o they_o least_o suspect_v or_o fear_v it_o king_n cnute_n thus_o quit_v of_o all_o king_n edmond_n son_n 1018._o brethren_n kindred_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o great_a english_a duke_n and_o noble_n who_o may_v endanger_v his_o life_n crown_n and_o new-acquired_n monarchy_n in_o the_o next_o place_n contrive_v how_o to_o secure_v his_o empire_n against_o prince_n alfred_n and_o edward_n edmond_n brother_n then_o in_o normandy_n with_o queen_n emma_n their_o mother_n and_o their_o uncle_n richard_n duke_n of_o normandy_n a_o person_n of_o great_a valour_n power_n and_o interest_n the_o only_a person_n likely_a to_o attempt_v their_o restitution_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o which_o end_n he_o by_o gift_n ambassy_n and_o fair_a promise_n other_o procure_v earl_n richard_n consent_n to_o bestow_v his_o sister_n queen_n emma_n upon_o he_o for_o his_o wife_n who_o arrive_v in_o england_n in_o july_n 1018._o be_v present_o marry_v to_o this_o invader_n of_o her_o former_a husband_n kingdom_n his_o son_n royal_a throne_n and_o murderer_n banisher_n dishinheriter_fw-la of_o his_o and_o her_o royal_a posterity_n whereby_o her_o brother_n duke_n richard_n thought_n be_v whole_o divert_v from_o aid_v his_o nephew_n to_o recover_v their_o right_n in_o england_n 374._o exit_fw-la hinc_fw-la cum_fw-la câ—utoni_fw-la omne_fw-la pro_fw-la voto_fw-la cessissent_fw-la timens_fw-la ne_fw-la haeres_fw-la legitimus_fw-la regnum_fw-la quod_fw-la sibi_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la debebatur_fw-la aâ—â—quando_fw-la normanica_fw-la fretus_fw-la virâ—uâ—â—_n reposceret_fw-la â—t_a ducis_fw-la sibi_fw-la arctius_fw-la colligaret_fw-la affectum_fw-la emmam_fw-la â—efuncti_fw-la regis_fw-la relictam_fw-la duxit_fw-la vxorem_fw-la whereupon_o de_fw-fr illorum_fw-la elfredi_n &_o edwardi_fw-la restitutione_n richardun_n avunculum_fw-la nihil_fw-la egisse_fw-la comperimus_fw-la quia_fw-la et_fw-la sororem_fw-la svam_fw-la emmam_fw-la hosti_fw-la et_fw-la invasori_fw-la nuptam_fw-la collocauâ—t_fw-la ignores_fw-la majori_fw-la illius_fw-la dedecore_fw-la qui_fw-la dederit_fw-la aâ—_n fâ—minae_fw-la quae_fw-la conseâ—_fw-fr serat_fw-la ut_fw-la thalamo_fw-la illius_fw-la câ—leret_fw-la qui_fw-la viâ—um_fw-la infestaverit_fw-la filios_fw-la effugaverit_fw-la be_v 73._o malmesbury_n his_o observation_n and_o censure_n thereupon_o only_o their_o uncle_n robert_n attempt_v their_o â—estitution_n congregatis_fw-la navibus_fw-la et_fw-la impositis_fw-la militibus_fw-la profectionem_fw-la paravit_fw-la subinde_fw-la jactitans_fw-la se_fw-la pronepotes_fw-la suos_fw-la coronaturum_fw-la et_fw-la proculdudio_fw-la fidem_fw-la dictis_fw-la explesset_fw-la nisi_fw-la quia_fw-la ut_fw-la à _fw-la majoribus_fw-la accepimus_fw-la semper_fw-la â—i_fw-la ventus_fw-la adversabatur_fw-la eontrarius_fw-la per_fw-la occultum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la dei_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_fw-la cujus_fw-la voluntate_fw-la sunt_fw-la potestates_fw-la omnium_fw-la regnorum_fw-la reliquiae_fw-la navium_fw-la multo_fw-la tempore_fw-la dissolutarum_fw-la rothomagi_n adhuc_fw-la nostra_fw-la aetate_fw-la visebantur_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n by_o this_o match_n with_o queen_n emma_n as_o cnute_n take_v off_o duke_n richard_n from_o yield_v any_o assistance_n to_o his_o nephew_n in_o hope_n his_o sister_n may_v have_v issue_n by_o he_o to_o inherit_v the_o crown_n of_o eâ—gland_n it_o be_v agree_v between_o they_o on_o the_o marriage_n that_o the_o issue_n of_o cnute_n beget_v on_o she_o shall_v inherit_v the_o crown_n so_o it_o much_o oblige_v the_o english_a to_o he_o and_o make_v they_o more_o willing_a to_o submit_v to_o his_o government_n 73._o ut_fw-la dum_fw-la consuetae_fw-la domine_fw-la deferrent_fw-la obsequium_fw-la minus_fw-la danorum_fw-la suspirarent_fw-la imperium_fw-la the_o rather_o because_o they_o much_o honour_v and_o affect_v she_o for_o her_o manifold_a virtue_n of_o which_o they_o have_v long_o former_a experience_n and_o likewise_o because_o they_o hope_v it_o may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o restore_v ethelreds_n issue_n by_o she_o to_o the_o crown_n again_o in_o case_n she_o have_v no_o issue_n by_o cnute_n to_o inherit_v it_o which_o in_o truth_n it_o effect_v by_o god_n providence_n contrary_a to_o cnutes_n design_n after_o this_o marriage_n this_o politic_a foreign_a intruder_n to_o establish_v his_o monarchy_n over_o england_n endeavour_v to_o reconcile_v the_o english_a to_o he_o by_o all_o other_o
who_o they_o outlaw_v together_o with_o all_o those_o who_o have_v incite_v he_o to_o make_v a_o unjust_a law_n and_o impose_v a_o illegal_a tribute_n upon_o they_o harold_n hear_v these_o thing_n and_o mind_v more_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n than_o his_o brother_n profit_n recall_v his_o army_n and_o the_o kiug_n have_v hear_v their_o answer_n confirm_v morchar_n for_o their_o duke_n tosti_n hateful_a to_o all_o man_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o earl_n edwin_n be_v expel_v out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o northumberlander_n and_o drive_v with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n into_o flanders_n whence_o return_v about_o two_o year_n after_o and_o join_v with_o the_o dane_n he_o enter_v with_o the_o dane_n into_o northumberland_n miserable_o harrow_v the_o whole_a country_n slaughter_a the_o inhabitant_n and_o at_o last_o be_v there_o slay_v with_o most_o of_o his_o soldier_n by_o his_o own_o brother_n king_n harold_n anno_fw-la 1066._o king_n edward_n as_o abbot_n 911â—_n ingulphus_n live_v in_o that_o age_n record_n anno_fw-la 1065._o being_n burden_v with_o old_a age_n perceive_v prince_n edgar_n atheling_n his_o cousin_n edward_n son_n late_o dead_a to_o be_v unfit_a for_o the_o royal_a throne_n tam_fw-la cord_n quam_fw-la corpore_fw-la as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o mind_n as_o body_n and_o that_o earl_n godwin_n many_o and_o wicked_a progeny_n do_v daily_o increase_v upon_o the_o earth_n set_v his_o mind_n upon_o his_o cousin_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n et_fw-la eum_fw-la sibi_fw-la succederâ—_n in_o regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la voce_fw-la stabili_fw-la sancivit_fw-la and_o decree_v by_o a_o stable_a vote_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o realm_n oâ—_n england_n for_o duke_n william_n be_v then_o superior_a in_o every_o battle_n and_o a_o triumpher_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o fame_n be_v public_o blaze_v abroad_o among_o all_o the_o earl_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v next_o he_o be_v invincible_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n judex_fw-la justissimus_fw-la in_o causarum_fw-la judiciâ—_n a_o most_o just_a judge_n in_o the_o judge_n of_o cause_n and_o most_o religious_a and_o most_o devout_a in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n hereupon_o king_n edward_n send_v robeâ—t_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n a_o litere_a or_o special_a ambassador_n illumque_fw-la designatum_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la successorem_fw-la tam_fw-la debito_fw-la cognationis_fw-la quam_fw-la merito_fw-la virtutis_fw-la suae_fw-la archipraesulis_fw-la relaâ—u_fw-la insinuavit_fw-la and_o intimate_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o his_o archbishop_n that_o he_o have_v design_v he_o to_o be_v the_o successor_n of_o his_o realm_n as_o well_o by_o the_o debt_n of_o kindred_n as_o by_o the_o merit_n of_o virtue_n moreover_o harold_n the_o major_a of_o the_o king_n court_n come_v into_o normandy_n not_o only_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v conserve_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o duke_n william_n afâ—er_v the_o king_n death_n but_o likewise_o promise_v upon_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v take_v the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n william_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o upon_o these_o promise_n return_v home_o magnificent_o reward_v after_o which_o â—e_n subjoin_v edwardi_fw-la pâ—issimi_fw-la regis_fw-la cujus_fw-la cognatione_fw-la et_fw-la consanguinitate_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la noster_fw-la willelmus_fw-la fundat_fw-la conscientiam_fw-la svam_fw-la regnâ—m_fw-la angliae_fw-la invadendi_fw-la caeteris_fw-la regibus_fw-la de_fw-la danorum_fw-la sanguine_fw-la quasi_fw-la nullius_fw-la authoritatis_fw-la ad_fw-la allegandum_fw-la interim_n intermissis_fw-la 93._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n who_o flourish_v in_o oâ—_n near_o that_o very_a age_n thus_o second_v he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n his_o son_n edgar_n be_v neque_fw-la promptus_fw-la mâ—nu_fw-la neque_fw-la probus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la rex_fw-la itaque_fw-la defuncto_fw-la cognato_fw-la quia_fw-la spes_fw-la prioris_fw-la erat_fw-la soluta_fw-la suffragii_fw-la willielmo_n comiti_fw-la normanniae_fw-la successionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la dedit_fw-la erat_fw-la ille_fw-la hoc_fw-la munâ—re_fw-la dignus_fw-la praesâ—ans_fw-la animi_fw-la juvenis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la in_o supremum_fw-la fastigium_fw-la alacri_fw-la labour_v excreverat_fw-la praeterea_fw-la proxime_fw-la consanguineus_fw-la filius_fw-la roberti_n filius_fw-la richardi_fw-la seâ—undi_fw-la quem_fw-la fratrem_fw-la fuisse_fw-la emmae_fw-la matris_fw-la edwardi_fw-la non_fw-la semel_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la diximus_fw-la ferunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la ipsum_fw-la haroldum_n a_o rege_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la normanniam_fw-la missum_fw-la alii_fw-la secretioris_fw-la coâ—silii_fw-la conscii_fw-la invitum_fw-la venti_fw-la violentia_fw-la illuc_fw-la actum_fw-la quo_fw-la se_fw-la tueretur_fw-la invenisse_fw-la commenâ—um_fw-la quod_fw-la quia_fw-la propius_fw-la vero_fw-la videtur_fw-la exponam_fw-la harold_n come_v to_o his_o farm_n at_o boseam_n go_v for_o his_o recreation_n into_o a_o fisherboat_n and_o put_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o sport_n be_v by_o a_o sudden_a contrary_a storm_n arise_v drive_v with_o his_o companion_n into_o the_o village_n of_o ponthieu_n in_o france_n where_o he_o be_v strip_v and_o bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n by_o the_o rude_a country_n people_n and_o carry_v prisoner_n to_o guido_n their_o earl_n who_o detain_v he_o in_o prison_n to_o gain_v a_o ransom_n from_o he_o whereupon_o harold_n be_v of_o a_o subtle_a wit_n study_v how_o to_o relieve_v himself_o by_o large_a promise_n procure_v a_o messenger_n to_o inform_v duke_n william_n that_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n into_o normandy_n that_o what_o lesser_a messenger_n have_v but_o muâ—tered_v touch_v his_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n he_o may_v perform_v by_o his_o presence_n especial_o that_o he_o be_v detain_v in_o bond_n by_o earl_n guido_n whereby_o he_o be_v hinder_v to_o deliver_v his_o message_n notwithstanding_o his_o appeal_n to_o he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a diminution_n to_o his_o honour_n and_o if_o his_o captivity_n be_v to_o be_v redeem_v with_o money_n he_o will_v willing_o give_v it_o to_o he_o and_o not_o to_o guido_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v by_o duke_n williams_n command_v release_v bring_v by_o guidâ—_n into_o normandy_n and_o there_o noble_o feast_v by_o the_o duke_n where_o by_o his_o valour_n and_o policy_n he_o gain_v great_a reputation_n with_o duke_n william_n and_o that_o he_o may_v more_o endear_v himself_o in_o his_o favour_n he_o there_o voluntary_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n confirm_v to_o he_o the_o castle_n of_o dover_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o of_o right_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n after_o king_n edward_n decease_n whereupon_o the_o duke_n espouse_v he_o to_o his_o daughter_n adeliza_n than_o a_o child_n and_o bestow_v her_o whole_a ample_a portion_n upon_o harold_n and_o then_o honourable_o dismiss_v he_o 426._o matthew_n westminster_n anno_fw-la 1057._o relate_v this_o story_n of_o harold_n drive_v into_o ponthieu_n by_o storm_n against_o his_o will_n as_o happen_v in_o that_o year_n and_o that_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o duke_n william_n post_fw-la mortem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la ei_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la sacramento_n firmavit_fw-la subjoin_v thereto_o tradunt_fw-la autem_fw-la aliter_fw-la alii_fw-la quod_fw-la videlicet_fw-la haroldus_n a_o rege_fw-la edwardo_n fuerat_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o normanniam_fw-la missus_fw-la ut_fw-la ducem_fw-la gulihelmum_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la conducerâ—t_fw-la qnem_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la haeredem_fw-la sibi_fw-la constituere_fw-la cogitavit_fw-la roger_n de_fw-fr hoved._n annal._n pars_fw-la prio_fw-la p._n 499._o radulph_n de_fw-fr diceto_fw-it abbr._n chron._n col_fw-fr 480_o 481._o eadmerus_fw-la hist._n novorum_n l._n 1._o p._n 4_o 5._o sim._n dunel_n hist._n col_fw-fr 195._o io._n bromton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n col_fw-fr 947._o hygden_n in_o his_o polychron_n l._n 6._o c._n 27._o with_o other_o record_v the_o matter_n somewhat_o different_a from_o our_o other_o historian_n that_o harold_n after_o his_o father_n death_n crave_v leave_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o go_v into_o normandy_n to_o free_a and_o bring_v into_o england_n his_o brother_n wulnoth_n &_o nephew_n hake_n there_o detain_v hostage_n the_o king_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o go_v as_o senâ—_n by_o he_o but_o yet_o leave_v he_o free_a to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v of_o himself_o therein_o add_v praesentio_fw-la tamen_fw-la te_fw-la ad_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la tendere_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o detrimentum_fw-la totius_fw-la anglici_fw-la regni_fw-la et_fw-la opprobrium_fw-la tui_fw-la nec_fw-la enim_fw-la ita_fw-la novi_fw-la comitem_fw-la mentis_fw-la expertem_fw-la ut_fw-la eos_fw-la aliquatenus_fw-la velit_fw-la concedere_fw-la tibi_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la praescierit_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la magnum_fw-la proficuum_fw-la svi_fw-la harold_n notwithstanding_o take_v ship_n to_o go_v into_o normandy_n upon_o this_o occasion_n be_v drive_v by_o storm_n into_o ponthieu_n and_o there_o imprison_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o by_o duke_n william_n mean_n and_o threat_n after_o two_o denial_n release_v who_o honourable_o entertain_v he_o for_o some_o day_n to_o advance_v his_o own_o design_n by_o he_o at_o last_o open_v his_o mind_n thus_o to_o he_o dicebat_fw-la itaque_fw-la regem_fw-la edwardum_fw-la quando_fw-la secum_fw-la invene_v olim_fw-la juvenis_fw-la in_o normannia_n demoraretur_fw-la
election_n of_o the_o noble_n clergy_n and_o people_n that_o although_o the_o several_a title_n he_o pretend_a be_v perhaps_o if_o curious_o examine_v not_o sufficient_a to_o give_v he_o a_o true_a legal_a title_n and_o right_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n à _fw-la parte_fw-la ante_fw-la because_o not_o agree_v unto_o and_o confirm_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o noble_n kingdom_n and_o nation_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n but_o only_o by_o the_o king_n and_o some_o particular_a prelate_n and_o noble_n out_o of_o parliament_n as_o harold_n in_o his_o answer_n allege_v yet_o be_v ratify_v ex_fw-la parte_fw-la post_fw-la both_o by_o the_o subsequent_a consent_n agreement_n submission_n election_n oath_n homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o people_n noble_n clergy_n by_o their_o legal_a free_a crown_v of_o he_o aâ—_n first_o by_z edgar_z atheling_n his_o own_o submission_n fealty_n and_o resignation_n of_o his_o royal_a right_n and_o title_n thereby_o unâ—o_v he_o and_o ratify_v by_o succeed_a parliamentary_a council_n it_o become_v a_o inâ—uhitable_a right_n and_o title_n both_o in_o law_n and_o justice_n to_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n against_o all_o other_o who_o can_v lay_v no_o legall_a title_n thereunto_o he_o continue_v confirm_v all_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n liberty_n custom_n and_o government_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n without_o any_o alteration_n both_o by_o oath_n and_o edict_n i_o shall_v therefore_o conclude_v this_o point_n with_o the_o word_n of_o 483._o share_v a_o learned_a lawyer_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n who_o when_o the_o king_n counsel_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o abbot_n of_o peterborough_n will_v have_v make_v a_o charter_n of_o king_n edgar_n void_a because_o they_o allegedâ—_n all_o franchise_n be_v devolve_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o conquest_n reply_v thereto_o the_o conqueror_n come_v not_o at_o all_o to_o â—ut_v any_o who_o have_v lawful_a possession_n out_o of_o their_o right_n but_o to_o dispossess_v those_o who_o by_o their_o wrong_n have_v seize_v upon_o any_o land_n in_o dis-inherison_a of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n and_o with_o the_o word_n of_o our_o judicious_a historian_n sa._n daniel_n 37._o concern_v this_o king_n william_n neither_o do_v he_o â—ver_o claim_v any_o power_n by_o conquest_n but_o as_o a_o regular_a prince_n submit_v himself_o to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n desire_v to_o have_v his_o testamentary_a title_n howsoever_o weak_a to_o make_v good_a his_o succession_n rather_o than_o his_o sword_n and_o though_o the_o stile_n of_o conqueror_n by_o the_o flattery_n of_o the_o time_n be_v after_o give_v he_o he_o show_v by_o all_o the_o course_n of_o his_o government_n he_o assume_v it_o not_o introduce_v none_o of_o those_o alteration_n which_o follow_v by_o violence_n but_o by_o a_o mild_a gather_n upon_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o state_n and_o the_o occasion_n offer_v and_o that_o by_o way_n of_o reformation_n and_o although_o 153._o sir_n hen._n wotton_n give_v this_o verdict_n of_o they_o we_o do_v common_o and_o just_o style_v he_o the_o conqueror_n for_o he_o make_v a_o general_a conquest_n of_o tâ—e_v â—â—ole_a kingdom_n and_o people_n either_o by_o composition_n or_o arm_n etc._n etc._n yet_o he_o add_v he_o be_v crown_v on_o christmas_n day_n 1066._o at_o which_o time_n he_o will_v fain_o have_v compound_v a_o civil_a title_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o alliance_n or_o adoption_n or_o rather_o donation_n from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o if_o hereditary_a kingdom_n do_v pass_v like_o new-year_n gift_n the_o truth_n be_v he_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o sword_n yet_o from_o these_o pretence_n howsoever_o there_o spring_v this_o good_a that_o he_o be_v thereby_o in_o a_o sort_v age_v to_o cast_v his_o government_n into_o a_o middle_n or_o mix_a nature_n as_o it_o be_v between_o a_o lawful_a successor_n and_o a_o invader_n though_o general_o as_o all_o new_a empire_n do_v savour_n much_o of_o their_o beginning_n it_o have_v more_o of_o the_o violent_a than_o of_o the_o legal_a if_o any_o domineer_a soldier_n or_o other_o upon_o this_o false_a surmise_n of_o duke_n william_n right_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o mere_a conquest_n have_v shall_v henceforth_o presume_v to_o claim_v and_o exercise_v a_o mere_a arbitrary_a absolute_a tyrannical_a and_o despotical_a power_n over_o our_o english_a nation_n law_n liberty_n parliament_n estate_n person_n as_o over_o a_o mere_a conquer_a nation_n against_o all_o commission_n trust_n oath_n engagement_n declaration_n and_o the_o rule_n both_o of_o law_n and_o war_n itself_o be_v raiâ—ed_v wage_v commission_v only_o to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v we_o from_o conquest_n by_o the_o opposite_a party_n let_v they_o know_v that_o they_o be_v far_o great_a worse_a enemy_n to_o their_o own_o native_a country_n than_o this_o norman_a duke_n or_o any_o of_o our_o former_a british_a saxon_a danish_a norman_a or_o english_a king_n who_o never_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o mere_a conquest_n in_o any_o age_n but_o only_o by_o some_o real_a or_o pretend_a title_n of_o inheritance_n or_o at_o least_o by_o a_o free_a and_o general_a election_n both_o of_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n as_o this_o king_n william_n do_v from_o the_o former_a historical_a passage_n concern_v harold_n tosti_n duke_n william_n and_o the_o kentishman_n i_o shall_v deduce_v these_o legal_a observation_n 1._o that_o no_o tax_n subsidy_n or_o imposition_n whatsoever_o 1._o can_v in_o that_o age_n be_v impose_v on_o the_o english_a or_o norman_a subject_n by_o their_o king_n or_o duke_n but_o by_o their_o common_a consent_n in_o their_o parliamentary_a council_n where_o they_o be_v deny_v when_o inconvenient_a to_o the_o public_a as_o well_o as_o grant_v when_o convenient_a 2._o that_o no_o english_a or_o norman_a subject_n be_v then_o 3_o oblige_v to_o aid_n and_o assist_v their_o sovereign_n with_o their_o person_n arm_n estate_n or_o subsidy_n grant_v in_o any_o foreign_a invasive_a war_n but_o only_o leave_v free_a to_o contribute_v what_o private_a assistance_n they_o think_v fit_a in_o such_o case_n 3._o that_o no_o public_a war_n in_o that_o age_n be_v ever_o undertake_v 9_o but_o by_o common_a advice_n and_o consent_n in_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n 4._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o that_o age_n 4â—_n however_o they_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o right_a or_o wrong_n hold_v it_o both_o their_o bind_a duty_n interest_n safety_n to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v the_o law_n right_n liberty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o people_n to_o enact_v and_o maintain_v good_a law_n and_o abolish_v all_o evil_a law_n rapine_n exaction_n tribute_n and_o to_o govern_v they_o just_o according_a to_o their_o coronation_n oath_n and_o not_o arbitrary_o or_o tyrannical_o according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n 5._o that_o no_o freeman_n in_o that_o age_n 4._o can_v be_v just_o imprison_v banish_a or_o put_v to_o death_n but_o for_o some_o heinous_a misdemeanour_n and_o that_o by_o a_o legal_a trial_n and_o conviction_n 6._o that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n then_o hold_v it_o their_o bind_a duty_n 8._o in_o time_n of_o foreign_a invasion_n to_o defend_v the_o realm_n their_o life_n liberty_n property_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n yet_o they_o hold_v themselves_o dis-obliged_n and_o be_v general_o averse_a to_o defend_v the_o person_n or_o title_n of_o any_o usurper_n of_o the_o crown_n against_o any_o foreign_a prince_n or_o other_o person_n who_o have_v a_o better_a right_n and_o title_n to_o it_o 7._o that_o our_o english_a ancestor_n in_o that_o age_n esteem_v their_o hereditary_a liberty_n good_a ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n more_o dear_a and_o precious_a to_o they_o than_o their_o very_a life_n and_o will_v rather_o die_v fight_v for_o their_o law_n and_o liberty_n like_o freeman_n than_o live_v under_o slavery_n or_o bondage_n to_o any_o sovereign_n whatsoever_o 8._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o that_o age_n can_v neither_o give_v away_o 10._o nor_o legal_o dispose_v of_o their_o crown_n kingdom_n or_o crown_n land_n to_o other_o without_o the_o privity_n and_o free_a consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o kingdom_n in_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o harold_n answer_n to_o william_n ambassador_n the_o recite_v passage_n of_o 340._o matthew_n paris_n upon_o that_o occasion_n and_o this_o of_o samuel_n daniel_n p._n 34._o so_o much_o be_v do_v either_o by_o king_n edward_n or_o harold_n though_o neither_o act_n if_o any_o such_o be_v be_v of_o power_n to_o prejudice_v the_o state_n or_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o right_a succession_n as_o give_v the_o duke_n a_o colour_n to_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o a_o donation_n make_v by_o testament_n which_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v of_o no_o validity_n