Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
england_n brother_n king_n normandy_n 2,913 5 10.9735 5 false
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A34407 A seasonable treatise wherein is proved that King William (commonly call'd the Conqueror) did not get the imperial crown of England by the sword, but by the election and consent of the people to whom he swore to observe the original contract between king and people. Cooke, Edward, of the Middle Temple. 1689 (1689) Wing C6001; ESTC R7506 61,016 185

There are 4 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o ability_n in_o his_o time_n collect_v out_o of_o a_o large_a original_a manuscript_n which_o i_o have_v see_v of_o sir_n roger_n owen_n a_o very_a great_a antiquary_n that_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n and_o one_o who_o as_o appear_v by_o that_o book_n be_v a_o man_n not_o only_o of_o wonderful_a knowledge_n and_o admirable_a observation_n in_o the_o record_n and_o history_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n but_o also_o in_o those_o of_o foreign_a country_n this_o be_v a_o speech_n of_o the_o then_o lord_n whitlock_n in_o novemb_n 1650._o upon_o the_o house_n long_a and_o smart_a debate_n touch_v the_o act_n for_o put_v all_o the_o book_n of_o law_n and_o the_o process_n and_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n into_o the_o english_a tongue_n in_o which_o debate_v some_o speak_v in_o derogation_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o some_o vindication_n whereof_o and_o for_o satisfy_v some_o mistake_v he_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n in_o the_o house_n to_o this_o effect_n it_o be_v now_o new_o print_v in_o mr._n whitlock_n memorial_n of_o the_o english_a affair_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v here_o true_o transcribe_v mr._n speaker_n the_o question_n upon_o which_o your_o present_a debate_n arise_v be_v of_o no_o small_a moment_n nor_o be_v it_o easy_o or_o speedy_o to_o be_v determine_v for_o it_o comprehend_v no_o less_o than_o a_o total_a alteration_n of_o the_o frame_n and_o course_n of_o proceed_n of_o our_o law_n which_o have_v be_v establish_v and_o continue_v for_o so_o many_o year_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v trouble_v you_o with_o any_o of_o my_o weak_a discourse_n but_o that_o i_o apprehend_v some_o mistake_v and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n if_o pass_v by_o without_o any_o answer_n may_v be_v of_o ill_a consequence_n and_o have_v attend_v to_o hear_v they_o answer_v by_o other_o who_o be_v not_o please_v to_o do_v it_o i_o hold_v myself_o the_o more_o engage_v in_o the_o duty_n of_o my_o profession_n to_o offer_v to_o your_o judgement_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v always_o submit_v what_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o do_v suppose_v not_o to_o be_v impertinent_a for_o the_o rectify_v of_o some_o mistake_v which_o be_v among_o we_o a_o worthy_a gentleman_n be_v please_v to_o affirm_v with_o much_o confidence_n as_o he_o bring_v it_o in_o upon_o this_o debate_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n as_o among_o other_o argument_n he_o assert_v may_v appear_v by_o their_o be_v write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n in_o his_o first_o assertion_n that_o our_o law_n be_v introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n out_o of_o france_n i_o shall_v acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v several_a both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a author_n who_o he_o may_v follow_v therein_o the_o foreign_a author_n be_v jovius_n aemilius_n bodine_n hottoman_n dynothus_n volateran_n berault_n berkley_n choppinus_n vspargensis_n malines_n and_o polidore_n who_o affirm_v this_o erròneous_a piece_n of_o doctrine_n but_o the_o less_o to_o be_v regard_v from_o they_o because_o they_o be_v stranger_n to_o our_o law_n and_o take_v up_o upon_o trust_v what_o they_o publish_v in_o this_o point_n of_o our_o own_o countryman_n they_o have_v paris_n malmesbury_n matthew_n westminster_n fox_n cousin_n twine_v heyward_n milles_n fulbeck_n cowell_n ridley_n brown_n speed_n martyr_n and_o some_o other_o all_o of_o they_o affirm_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o their_o error_n be_v refute_v by_o sir_n roger_n owen_n in_o his_o manuscript_n who_o say_v that_o roger_n wendover_n and_o matthew_n paris_n be_v the_o first_o monk_n that_o hatch_v these_o addle_n eggs._n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o show_v you_o that_o the_o original_a of_o our_o law_n be_v not_o from_o the_o french_a that_o they_o be_v not_o introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n out_o of_o normandy_n and_o i_o shall_v humble_o offer_v to_o you_o my_o answer_n to_o some_o of_o their_o argument_n who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n polydore_v hist_o angl._n l._n 9_o affirm_v that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n first_o appoint_v sheriff_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n erect_a tenor_n bring_v in_o trial_n by_o twelve_o man_n and_o several_a other_o particular_n of_o our_o law_n for_o sheriff_n their_o name_n scire_fw-la reeve_n show_v they_o to_o be_v of_o the_o saxon_a institution_n and_o our_o history_n mention_v the_o division_n of_o shire_n by_o king_n alphred_n but_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v much_o more_o ancient_a and_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o our_o book_n and_o record_n some_o whereof_z be_v in_o the_o husting_n of_o london_n and_o in_o the_o tower_n that_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v in_o use_n here_o long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o king_n will._n 1._o sir_n roger_n owen_n show_v at_o large_a that_o livery_n of_o seisin_n licenses_n or_o fine_n for_o alienation_n daughter_n to_o inherit_v trial_n by_o jury_n abjuration_n utlary_n coroner_n dispose_v of_o land_n by_o will_n eseheats_n gaol_n writ_n wreck_n warranties_n catalla_fw-la fellonum_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o form_n of_o our_o parliament_n themselves_o be_v here_o in_o be_v before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n agree_v hereunto_o be_v many_o of_o our_o historian_n and_o learned_a antiquary_n but_o it_o be_v object_v that_o in_o the_o grand_a custumary_n of_o normandy_n the_o law_n be_v almost_o all_o the_o same_o with_o we_o of_o england_n and_o the_o form_n of_o their_o parliament_n the_o same_o with_o we_o that_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o preface_n to_o that_o book_n say_v it_o contain_v only_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o normandy_n by_o the_o council_n of_o their_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n which_o show_v the_o form_n of_o their_o parliament_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o and_o the_o law_n in_o that_o book_n to_o be_v the_o proper_a law_n of_o normandy_n and_o we_o to_o be_v the_o same_o therefore_o they_o argue_v that_o our_o law_n be_v introduce_v from_o thence_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n this_o will_v be_v full_o answer_v if_o that_o grand_a custumary_n of_o normandy_n be_v compose_v in_o our_o king_n edw._n 1._o his_o time_n as_o good_a author_n hold_v it_o be_v than_o it_o can_v be_v that_o our_o law_n or_o parliament_n can_v be_v derive_v from_o thence_o these_o learned_a man_n say_v that_o this_o custumary_n be_v a_o mere_a translation_n of_o our_o law-book_n glanvill_n as_o the_o book_n of_o regius_fw-la majestas_fw-la of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n be_v and_o the_o like_a of_o the_o law_n of_o burgundy_n they_o far_o add_v that_o the_o first_o establish_v of_o the_o custumary_n of_o normandy_n be_v in_o hen._n 1._o his_o time_n and_o afterward_o again_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o edw._n 2._o his_fw-la time._n if_o the_o law_n in_o the_o custumary_n be_v introduce_v there_o from_o england_n it_o will_v then_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o introduce_v here_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o i_o think_v it_o very_o clear_a that_o their_o law_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o out_o of_o england_n and_o than_o you_o will_v all_o agree_v to_o the_o conclusion_n our_o king_n hen._n 1._o conquer_v normandy_n from_o his_o brother_n robert_n and_o be_v a_o learned_a king_n as_o his_o name_n beauclerke_n testify_v who_o ivo_n call_v a_o especial_a establisher_n of_o justice_n sequerius_n relate_v that_o this_o king_n establish_v the_o english_a law_n in_o normandy_n herewith_o do_v agree_v gulielmus_fw-la brito_n armoricus_fw-la rutclurius_fw-la and_o other_o french_a writer_n who_o mention_n also_o that_o the_o law_n in_o the_o custumary_n of_o normandy_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o law_n collect_v by_o our_o english_a king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o be_v before_o the_o conqueror_n a_o additional_a testimony_n hereof_o be_v out_o of_o william_n de_fw-fr alenso_n revile_v who_o in_o his_o comment_n upon_o the_o custumary_n say_v that_o all_o the_o law_n of_o normandy_n come_v from_o the_o english_a law_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o custumary_n there_o be_v a_o chapter_n of_o nampe_n or_o distress_n and_o decree_v that_o one_o shall_v not_o bring_v his_o action_n upon_o any_o seizure_n but_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n richard_n and_o this_o must_v be_v our_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o because_o no_o king_n of_o france_n be_v in_o that_o time_n of_o that_o name_n and_o the_o word_n nampe_n and_o withernams_n be_v saxon_a word_n take_v out_o of_o the_o english_a law_n signify_v a_o pawn_n or_o distress_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v use_v in_o the_o custumary_n that_o which_o put_v it_o further_o out_o of_o scruple_n be_v that_o
there_o be_v yet_o extant_a the_o manuscript_n themselves_o of_o the_o saxon_a law_n make_v in_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v by_o they_o here_o which_o be_v in_o the_o language_n and_o character_n of_o those_o time_n and_o contain_v in_o they_o many_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o the_o norman_a custumary_n it_o be_v no_o improbable_a opinion_n that_o there_o be_v a_o former_a establishment_n of_o our_o law_n in_o normandy_n before_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o and_o that_o it_o be_v by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o as_o all_o writer_n of_o our_o history_n agree_v be_v a_o great_a collector_n and_o compiler_n of_o our_o english_a law_n he_o live_v a_o long_a time_n with_o his_o kinsman_n duke_n william_n in_o normandy_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o please_v the_o confessor_n in_o hope_n to_o be_v appoint_v by_o he_o to_o be_v his_o successor_n wherein_o the_o duke_n expectation_n do_v not_o fail_v he_o the_o confessor_n have_v no_o child_n and_o find_v normandy_n without_o a_o settle_a government_n and_o want_v law_n advise_v with_o his_o kinsman_n duke_n william_n to_o receive_v from_o he_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o he_o have_v collect_v and_o to_o establish_v they_o in_o normandy_n which_o duke_n william_n and_o his_o lord_n ready_o accept_v for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o people_n and_o thereby_o oblige_v the_o confessor_n another_o proof_n hereof_o be_v that_o such_o law_n as_o the_o norman_n have_v before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n be_v different_a from_o those_o in_o the_o custumary_n and_o from_o the_o english_a law_n as_o their_o law_n that_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v hang_v if_o his_o wife_n be_v a_o thief_n and_o he_o do_v not_o discover_v it_o the_o mean_a people_n be_v as_o slave_n and_o the_o like_a and_o the_o trial_n of_o theft_n by_o ordeil_n which_o then_o be_v not_o in_o england_n wigorniensis_fw-la report_n that_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v in_o with_o queen_n emma_n the_o wife_n of_o ethelred_n be_v so_o hate_v of_o the_o english_a for_o their_o injustice_n and_o false_a judgement_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n canutus_n they_o be_v for_o this_o cause_n banish_v and_o it_o be_v the_o less_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v so_o unjust_a themselves_o shall_v introduce_v so_o just_a law_n as_o we_o be_v between_o the_o conquest_n of_o normandy_n by_o ros●o_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o england_n by_o duke_n william_n there_o be_v not_o above_o 160_o year_n that_o of_o normandy_n be_v about_o anno_fw-la 912._o that_o of_o england_n anno_fw-la 1060._o it_o be_v not_o then_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o those_o norman_n pagan_n a_o rough_a martial_a people_n descend_v from_o so_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n shall_v in_o the_o time_n of_o 150_o year_n establish_v such_o excellent_a law_n among_o themselves_o and_o so_o different_a from_o the_o french_a law_n among_o who_o they_o be_v and_o all_o part_n in_o the_o world_n except_o england_n and_o such_o law_n which_o be_v not_o only_o fit_a for_o their_o dukedom_n and_o small_a territory_n but_o fit_a also_o for_o this_o kingdom_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o second_o in_o europe_n for_o antiquity_n and_o worth_n by_o confession_n of_o most_o foreign_a historian_n if_o we_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o their_o own_o author_n this_o point_n will_v be_v sufficient_o evince_v by_o they_o these_o word_n be_v in_o the_o proem_n of_o the_o custumary_n which_o be_v entitle_v descriptio_fw-la normanniae_fw-la hucusque_fw-la normannicae_fw-la consvetudines_fw-la latorem_fw-la sive_fw-la datorem_fw-la sanctum_fw-la edwardum_fw-la angliae_fw-la regem_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o same_o be_v witness_v by_o chronica_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la that_o st._n edward_n king_n of_o england_n give_v the_o law_n to_o the_o norman_n when_o he_o be_v long_o harbour_v there_o and_o that_o he_o make_v both_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o normandy_n appear_v sufficient_o by_o the_o conformity_n of_o they_o for_o which_o he_o cite_v several_a particular_n as_o of_o appeal_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n ad_fw-la probandum_fw-la aliquid_fw-la per_fw-la credentiam_fw-la duodecim_fw-la hominum_fw-la vicinorum_fw-la which_o he_o say_v remain_v in_o normandy_n to_o that_o day_n polydore_v forget_v himself_o what_o he_o write_v in_o another_o place_n say_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o that_o when_o a_o doubt_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o proposal_n of_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n to_o scotland_n that_o thereby_o england_n may_v in_o time_n be_v subject_a unto_o scotland_n the_o king_n answer_v no_o and_o that_o england_n as_o the_o great_a will_v draw_v it_o to_o scotland_n be_v the_o less_o and_o incorporate_v it_o to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o say_v the_o historian_n it_o do_v normandy_n though_o the_o owner_n thereof_o be_v conqueror_n of_o england_n and_o sir_n roger_n owen_n in_o his_o manuscript_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o of_o our_o historian_n that_o live_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 200_o year_n immediate_o after_o the_o conquest_n which_o do_v describe_v our_o law_n to_o be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o norman_a custom_n introduce_v by_o the_o conqueror_n some_o of_o they_o and_o not_o improbable_o mention_v the_o alteration_n of_o some_o part_n of_o they_o and_o the_o bring_n in_o some_o norman_a custom_n effectual_a for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n there_o be_v yet_o behind_o the_o great_a argument_n most_o insist_v on_o and_o often_o urge_v by_o the_o gentleman_n of_o another_o opinion_n which_o be_v the_o title_n of_o william_n who_o be_v call_v the_o conqueror_n from_o whence_o they_o conclude_v that_o by_o his_o conquest_n he_o change_v the_o law_n and_o government_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o that_o his_o successor_n reckon_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o reign_n from_o his_o conquest_n to_o this_o be_v answer_v that_o a_o posse_fw-la ad_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la argumentum_fw-la the_o conquer_a of_o the_o land_n be_v one_o thing_n the_o introduce_v of_o new_a law_n be_v another_o thing_n but_o there_o be_v direct_a proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a of_o this_o argument_n duke_n william_n never_o surnamed_n himself_o the_o conqueror_n nor_o be_v so_o call_v in_o his_o life-time_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o all_o the_o letter_n patent_n and_o deed_n that_o he_o make_v wherein_o he_o be_v call_v guilielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la dux_n etc._n etc._n never_o conquestor_n and_o our_o ancient_a historian_n give_v he_o the_o same_o title_n and_o not_o that_o of_o conqueror_n in_o the_o title_n of_o nubrigensis_n book_n he_o be_v surname_v william_n the_o bastard_n malmsbury_n call_v he_o william_n the_o first_o hoveden_n william_n the_o elder_a adam_n de_fw-fr monmoth_n say_v that_o 1._o ed._n 3._o this_o word_n conquest_n be_v find_v out_o to_o denote_v and_o distinguish_v the_o certain_a edward_n because_o two_o of_o the_o same_o name_n be_v predecessor_n to_o this_o king_n and_o to_o the_o conqueror_n who_o claim_v the_o crown_n as_o heir_n to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o say_v he_o we_o call_v he_o the_o conqueror_n for_o that_o he_o overcome_v harold_n duke_n william_n himself_o claim_v to_o be_v king_n of_o england_n as_o successor_n and_o adopt_a heir_n of_o the_o confessor_n by_o his_o will_n and_o harold_n renounce_v of_o his_o title_n by_o oath_n the_o register_n of_o st._n alban_n matth._n paris_n and_o other_o attest_v that_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n do_v homage_n to_o he_o as_o successor_n and_o he_o rely_v on_o they_o in_o his_o foreign_a war_n and_o the_o check_v give_v to_o he_o by_o the_o kentish_a man_n and_o the_o force_n gather_v by_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n bring_v he_o to_o engage_v to_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n and_o as_o his_o successor_n by_o legal_a right_n they_o admit_v he_o to_o be_v their_o king._n volaterus_n write_v that_o he_o be_v make_v heir_n to_o the_o confessor_n and_o be_v uncle_n to_o he_o another_o affirm_v that_o edward_n by_o his_o will_n leave_v england_n to_o he_o paulus_n aemilius_n and_o fulgasius_n be_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n pope_n alexander_n the_o 11_o send_v he_o a_o banner_n as_o witness_v that_o with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n he_o may_v expel_v harold_n the_o tyrant_n because_o the_o crown_n be_v due_a to_o he_o by_o the_o confessor_n will_n and_o by_o harold_n oath_n agreeable_a hereunto_o be_v gemiticensis_n walsingham_n malmesbury_n huntingdon_n ingulphus_n paris_n pike_n wendover_n gaxton_n gisburn_n and_o other_o the_o ancient_a deed_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n which_o be_v sometime_o in_o my_o custody_n do_v prove_v this_o king_n william_n in_o his_o charter_n to_o they_o set_v forth_o his_o own_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n thus_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la in_o his_o second_o charter_n date_v anno_fw-la 15._o of_o his_o reign_n he_o say_v in_o honour_n of_o king_n edward_n who_o make_v i_o
his_o heir_n and_o adopt_v i_o to_o rule_v over_o this_o nation_n in_o his_o charter_n date_v 1088._o of_o the_o liberty_n of_o st._n martin_n the_o great_a in_o the_o manuscript_n thereof_o be_v these_o word_n in_o example_n of_o moses_n who_o build_v the_o tabernable_a and_o of_o solomon_n who_o build_v the_o temple_n ego_fw-la guilielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la dispositione_n &_o consanguinitatis_fw-la haereditate_fw-la anglorum_fw-la basileus_n etc._n etc._n the_o charter_n of_o hen._n 1._o his_o son_n to_o this_o abbey_n in_o honour_n of_o edward_n my_o kinsman_n who_o adopt_v my_o father_n and_o his_o child_n to_o be_v heir_n to_o this_o kingdom_n etc._n etc._n in_o another_o charter_n of_o hen._n 1._o in_o the_o book_n of_o ely_n he_o call_v himself_o the_o son_n of_o king_n william_n the_o great_a who_o by_o hereditary_n right_o succeed_v king_n edward_n it_o be_v true_a as_o to_o his_o pretence_n of_o title_n by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o confessor_n matthew_n paris_n object_v that_o the_o devise_n be_v void_a be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o baron_n to_o which_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o probable_o the_o law_n may_v be_v so_o in_o hen._n 3._o time_n when_o paris_n write_v and_o be_v so_o take_v to_o be_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o carlisle_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n john._n but_o at_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n invasion_n the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v that_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v transfer_v by_o will._n so_o be_v that_o of_o sixtus_n rufus_n and_o asia_n come_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o will_n of_o king_n attalus_n the_o word_n by_o annaeus_n florus_n be_v populus_fw-la romanus_n bonorum_fw-la meorum_fw-la haeres_fw-la esto_fw-la bithynia_n come_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o their_o king_n nicomedes_n which_o be_v remember_v by_o vtropius_fw-la together_o with_o that_o of_o libya_n cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o alexandria_n by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o their_o king_n be_v devolve_v to_o rome_n and_o prasutagus_n rex_fw-la icenorum_n in_o england_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n give_v his_o kingdom_n to_o the_o emperor_n nero._n as_o to_o example_n in_o this_o point_n at_o home_n this_o king_n william_n the_o first_o by_o his_o will_n give_v england_n to_o his_o young_a son_n william_n rufus_n king_n stephen_n claim_v by_o the_o will_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o have_v power_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o order_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o he_o please_v by_o will._n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n in_o queen_n mary_n time_n write_v to_o she_o that_o the_o lady_n iane_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v by_o the_o will_n and_o letter_n of_o edward_n the_o six_o as_o the_o case_n of_o hen._n 8._o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o duke_n william_n after_o he_o have_v conquer_v harold_n be_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o people_n of_o england_n accept_v for_o their_o king_n and_o so_o his_o title_n by_o will_n confirm_v and_o he_o both_o claim_v and_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n as_o a_o heir_n and_o successor_n confirm_v their_o ancient_a law_n and_o rule_v according_a to_o they_o this_o appear_v by_o chronica_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la speak_v of_o william_n the_o bastard_n king_n of_o england_n and_o duke_n of_o normandy_n he_o say_v that_o whereas_o as_o st._n edward_n have_v no_o heir_n of_o england_n william_n have_v conquer_v harold_n the_o usurper_n obtain_v the_o crown_n under_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v inviolable_o observe_v those_o law_n give_v by_o the_o say_v edward_n it_o be_v testify_v likewise_o by_o many_o of_o our_o historian_n that_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n be_v confirm_v by_o duke_n william_n jornalensis_n say_v that_o out_o of_o the_o merchen-lage_n west-saxon-lage_n and_o dane-lage_n the_o confessor_n compose_v the_o common_a law_n which_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n malmesbury_n who_o live_v in_o duke_n william_n time_n say_v that_o the_o king_n be_v swear_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n so_o call_v say_v he_o because_o he_o observe_v they_o most_o religious_o but_o to_o make_v this_o point_n clear_a out_o of_o ingulphus_n he_o say_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o chronicle_n i_o ingulphus_n bring_v with_o i_o from_o london_n into_o my_o monastery_n crowland_n the_o law_n of_o the_o most_o righteous_a king_n edward_n which_o my_o lord_n king_n william_n do_v command_v by_o his_o proclamation_n to_o be_v authentic_a and_o perpetual_a and_o to_o be_v observe_v throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n upon_o pain_n of_o most_o heinous_a punishment_n the_o lieger-book_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o waltham_n commend_v duke_n william_n for_o restore_v the_o law_n of_o the_o englishman_n out_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n radburn_n follow_v this_o opinion_n and_o these_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v the_o same_o in_o part_n which_o be_v continue_v in_o our_o great_a charter_n of_o liberty_n a_o manuscript_n entitle_v de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la say_v that_o at_o a_o parliament_n at_o london_n 4._o w._n 1._o the_o lawyer_n also_o present_a that_o the_o king_n may_v hear_v their_o law_n he_o establish_a saint_n edward_n law_n they_o be_v former_o use_v in_o king_n edgar_n time._n there_o be_v also_o mention_v of_o the_o twelve_o man_n out_o of_o every_o county_n to_o deliver_v true_o the_o estate_n of_o their_o law_n the_o same_o be_v remember_v by_o selden_n history_n of_o tithe_n and_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o in_o a_o manuscript_n chronicle_v bind_v with_o the_o book_n of_o ely_n in_o cotton_n library_n one_o of_o the_o worthy_a gentleman_n from_o who_o i_o differ_v in_o opinion_n be_v please_v to_o say_v that_o if_o william_n the_o conqueror_n do_v not_o introduce_v the_o law_n of_o normandy_n into_o england_n yet_o he_o conceive_v our_o law_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o france_n hither_o in_o the_o time_n of_o some_o other_o of_o our_o king_n who_o have_v large_a territory_n in_o france_n and_o bring_v in_o their_o law_n hither_o else_o he_o wonder_v how_o our_o law_n shall_v be_v in_o french._n sir_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v his_o wonder_n therein_o by_o and_o by_o but_o first_o with_o your_o leave_n i_o shall_v offer_v to_o you_o some_o probability_n out_o of_o the_o history_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v by_o some_o of_o those_o king_n carry_v into_o france_n rather_o than_o the_o law_n of_o france_n bring_v hither_o this_o be_v express_o affirm_v by_o paulus_n jovius_n who_o write_v that_o when_o the_o english_a king_n reign_v in_o a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n they_o teach_v the_o french_a their_o law_n sabellicus_n a_o venetian_a historian_n write_v that_o the_o norman_n in_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n and_o law_n follow_v the_o english_a polydore_v virgil_n contradict_v himself_o in_o another_o place_n than_o before_o cite_v relate_v that_o in_o our_o king_n hen._n 6._o time_n the_o duke_n of_o bedford_n call_v together_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o normandy_n and_o deliver_v in_o his_o oration_n to_o they_o the_o many_o benefit_n that_o the_o english_a afford_v they_o especial_o in_o that_o the_o english_a give_v to_o they_o their_o custom_n and_o law_n by_o the_o chronicle_n of_o eltham_n h._n 5._o send_v to_o cane_n in_o normandy_n not_o only_o divine_n but_o english_a common_a lawyer_n by_o the_o agreement_n at_o troy_n so_o there_o be_v much_o more_o probability_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v into_o france_n and_o normandy_n than_o that_o the_o law_n of_o normandy_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o france_n be_v introduce_v into_o england_n if_o the_o norman_n have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o england_n as_o they_o be_v not_o but_o their_o duke_n be_v only_o a_o conqueror_n of_o harold_n and_o receive_v as_o hereditary_a king_n of_o england_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o probable_a they_o will_v have_v change_v our_o law_n and_o have_v introduce_v they_o because_o they_o do_v not_o use_v to_o do_v so_o upon_o other_o conquest_n the_o norman_n conquer_v the_o isle_n of_o guernsey_n and_o jersey_n yet_o alter_v not_o their_o law_n which_o in_o their_o local_a custom_n be_v like_a unto_o we_o the_o like_a they_o do_v in_o sicily_n naples_n and_o apulia_n where_o they_o be_v conqueror_n yet_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o those_o country_n be_v continue_v i_o hope_v mr._n speaker_n i_o have_v by_o this_o time_n give_v some_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o worthy_a gentleman_n who_o differ_v from_o i_o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o impose_v upon_o we_o by_o the_o conqueror_n nor_o bring_v over_o hither_o either_o out_o of_o normandy_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o france_n but_o be_v our_o ancient_a native_a law_n i_o must_v now_o come_v to_o endeavour_v
tear_v who_o violate_v the_o sacred_a trust_n to_o which_o they_o be_v bear_v but_o blessed_v be_v thou_o and_o all_o who_o dare_v like_v thou_o brave_o assert_v their_o country_n liberty_n our_o well-built_a freedom_n thou_o do_v make_v to_o appear_v and_o its_o foundation_n from_o time_n rubbish_n clear_a the_o norman_a swear_v to_o law_n by_o which_o we_o be_v free_a law_n be_v more_o his_o than_o our_o security_n he_o king_n the_o people_n joint_n consent_v alone_o do_v make_v which_o by_o that_o sacred_a oath_n he_o win_v or_o that_o same_o joint_a consent_n have_v make_v he_o none_o we_o be_v no_o norman_a slave_n nor_o french_a can_v be_v have_v we_o enough_o true_a englishman_n like_o thou_o but_o now_o my_o muse_n before_o you_o end_v take_v care_n humble_o to_o close_v up_o all_o with_o heaven_n in_o prayer_n prayer_n for_o that_o king_n who_o do_v great_a britain_n rule_n who_o of_o this_o isle_n be_v the_o universal_a soul_n in_o who_o so_o many_o glorious_a virtue_n shine_n as_o make_v he_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o race_n divine_a may_v heaven_n continual_o his_o guardian_n prove_v and_o keep_v he_o safe_a in_o all_o his_o subject_n love_v long_o may_v unruffled_a peace_n adorn_v his_o crown_n may_v all_o the_o law_n in_o their_o smooth_a channel_n run_v and_o flow_a justice_n still_o support_v his_o throne_n thus_o blessed_v and_o thus_o unite_v here_o at_o home_n what_o can_v britain_n monarch_n overcome_v oh_o may_v great_a edward_n and_o five_o henry_n soul_n by_o heavenly_a power_n be_v transfuse_v to_o he_o whole_a may_v he_o ride_v mighty_a admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n scourge_v his_o stubborn_a enemy_n into_o peace_n his_o envy_v neighbour_n all_o their_o power_n disow_v strike_v to_o his_o flag_n and_o tremble_v at_o his_o frown_n and_o the_o humble_a world_n be_v glad_a to_o pay_v he_o fear_n and_o awful_a veneration_n every_o where_n that_o this_o may_v be_v may_v the_o illustrious_a senate_n of_o the_o land_n with_o their_o wise_a council_n ever_o by_o he_o stand_v he_o please_v in_o they_o and_o they_o resolve_v to_o show_v what_o the_o utmost_a stretch_n of_o loyalty_n can_v do_v then_o will_v his_o glory_n shine_v in_o bright_a state_n at_o the_o head_n of_o such_o a_o joint_a triumvirate_n then_o king_n and_o people_n double_o will_v be_v blessed_v and_o europe_n then_o enjoy_v a_o last_a rest_n for_o this_o let_v all_o our_o vow_n to_o heav'en_o be_v send_v to_o see_v great_a charles_n happy_a in_o his_o parliament_n argumentum_fw-la antinormannicum_a sir_n you_o be_v please_v some_o time_n since_o in_o my_o happiness_n of_o a_o short_a but_o free_a conversation_n with_o you_o to_o tell_v i_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o read_v how_o far_o i_o can_v give_v you_o satisfaction_n in_o a_o few_o point_n you_o have_v raise_v to_o yourself_o concern_v the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o that_o within_o a_o little_a while_o i_o shall_v have_v a_o paper_n from_o you_o wherein_o they_o shall_v be_v contain_v you_o be_v not_o long_o sir_n in_o just_o acquit_v yourself_o of_o your_o promise_n to_o i_o i_o do_v receive_v the_o furniture_n of_o these_o ensue_a argument_n by_o the_o four_o question_n you_o send_v i_o and_o hope_v there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v find_v in_o they_o but_o unbiased_a and_o venerable_a truth_n which_o sure_o none_o will_v be_v offend_v to_o hear_v i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o pay_v all_o possible_a respect_n to_o you_o and_o to_o justice_n and_o as_o far_o as_o my_o ability_n can_v reach_v in_o so_o small_a a_o treatise_n have_v impartial_o offer_v my_o thought_n upon_o they_o and_o now_o beg_v your_o candour_n in_o judge_v i_o your_o question_n sir_n be_v these_o the_o first_o question_n i._o whether_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v afterward_o william_n the_o first_o get_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n by_o the_o sword_n and_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n the_o second_o question_n ii_o whether_o this_o first_o william_n do_v abolish_v all_o the_o english_a law_n and_o change_v the_o whole_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n the_o three_o question_n iii_o whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o english_a have_v neither_o estate_n nor_o fortune_n leave_v but_o all_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o norman_n the_o four_o question_n iv_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o grand_a error_n to_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o english_a man_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n i_o shall_v take_v they_o sir_n in_o the_o order_n you_o have_v send_v they_o to_o i_o and_o so_o first_o begin_v with_o your_o first_o question_n the_o first_o question_n whether_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v afterward_o william_n the_o first_o get_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n by_o the_o sword_n and_o make_v a_o margin_n a_o for_o england_n thus_o much_o i_o dare_v speak_v and_o under_o the_o rule_n of_o modesty_n protest_v that_o sithence_o the_o universal_a conquest_n of_o william_n who_o first_o command_v and_o impose_v tribute_n upon_o this_o land_n for_o conqueror_n may_v command_v tribute_n and_o subsidy_n have_v be_v as_o just_o both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n pay_v in_o england_n as_o in_o jewry_n yea_o and_o just_o continue_v as_o a_o remembrance_n of_o a_o conquest_n dr._n fulbec_n pandect_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n c._n 10._o p._n 69._o one_o blackwood_n write_v a_o book_n which_o conclude_v that_o we_o be_v all_o slave_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o conquest_n vid._n mr._n petyt_n misc_n parl._n p._n 66._o and_o this_o position_n be_v maintain_v by_o a_o anonymous_n author_n in_o his_o full_a and_o clear_a answer_n to_o mr._n petyt_n ancient_n right_o of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n assert_v pag._n 35._o in_o the_o margin_n absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n as_o you_o have_v state_v the_o question_n sir_n and_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o be_v my_o opinion_n of_o it_o with_o submission_n to_o other_o better_o inform_v and_o who_o be_v more_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o truth_n of_o those_o principle_n i_o proceed_v upon_o than_o myself_o i_o shall_v return_v you_o this_o modest_a answer_n as_o my_o sense_n and_o judgement_n in_o the_o point_n viz._n that_o i_o can_v conclude_v in_o the_o affirmative_a for_o these_o several_a constrain_a reason_n 1._o that_o william_n lay_v a_o far_o great_a stress_n upon_o his_o claim_n and_o title_n to_o this_o kingdom_n than_o ever_o he_o do_v upon_o his_o great_a and_o mighty_a conquest_n will_v be_v very_o plain_a and_o evident_a if_o you_o please_v but_o to_o consider_v with_o i_o these_o follow_v particular_n 1._o in_o that_o before_o his_o conquest_n when_o the_o people_n have_v choose_v harold_n the_o son_n of_o earl_n godwin_n for_o their_o king_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o have_v put_v aside_o edgar_n atheling_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n and_o inheritance_n entitle_v to_o the_o crown_n this_o norman_a duke_n make_v his_o loud_a complaint_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o in_o not_o elect_v he_o for_o he_o be_v edward_n be_v edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v son_n to_o egelred_n k._n of_o england_n by_o emma_n sister_n to_o rich._n 2._o duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v grandfather_n to_o duke_n william_n so_o that_o k_o edward_n and_o duke_n william_n be_v cousin_n germane_a once_o remove_v as_o this_o far_a show_v you_o richard_n 1_o richard_z 2._o robert._n william_n emma_n edward_n cousin_n german_n to_o the_o confessor_n who_o die_v she_o die_v edward_n marry_v edith_n the_o daughter_n of_o e._n godwin_n but_o whether_o upon_o a_o vow_n of_o chastity_n or_o upon_o impotency_n of_o nature_n or_o upon_o any_o hatred_n to_o her_o father_n or_o suspicion_n against_o herself_o for_o all_o these_o cause_n be_v allege_v by_o several_a writer_n of_o those_o time_n he_o forbear_v all_o private_a familiarity_n with_o she_o without_o issue_n and_o therefore_o pretend_v that_o the_o right_n true_o devolve_v upon_o he_o but_o it_o seem_v as_o ill_a luck_n will_v have_v it_o this_o duke_n they_o know_v to_o be_v a_o bastard_n and_o neither_o the_o saxon_a law_n nor_o the_o norman_a custom_n can_v help_v he_o in_o such_o a_o case_n and_o so_o that_o title_n do_v he_o but_o little_a good_a well_o what_o therefore_o be_v to_o be_v his_o next_o work_n why_o 2._o true_o his_o pretence_n be_v then_o 96._o mat._n paris_n 1._o antiq_fw-la brit._n eccles_n 96._o that_o the_o confessor_n have_v design_v he_o for_o his_o successor_n and_o by_o his_o last_o will_n have_v bequeath_v this_o kingdom_n to_o he_o and_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o principal_o of_o harold_n himself_n and_o hereupon_o consider_v how_o harold_n have_v