much discontented which the French Ambassador Lamote layeth hold on as the fittest opportunity to work him into a War against the English his pernitious perswasions seconded with the daily solicitations of the Scottish Clergy especially Foreman Bishop of Murray his Ambassador then in France prevail too much and overcome him at last to denounce by his Herald War against King Henry then in France who answered the Herald with expressions of the greatest disdain that could be Arms are raised on both sides the Scots under the Command of their King the English under the Conduct of the Earl of Surrey Both Armies advance and at last joyn Battel at Flodden in Northumberland the Battel is exceedingly furious and continueth some hours within Night the darkness whereof commandeth at last a Cessation of Arms No man knowing on whose side the Victory lay each Army thinking it self worsted The Earl of Hume who traiterously refused to joyn in Battel with his Brigade enricheth himself with the Spoil of the Field and departeth by break of day at which instant the Lord Dacres came into Field and finding the Scotch Carriages without Guard and the Camp not wholly Pillaged dispatcheth a Messenger to the Earl of Surrey forthwith to Rally and to return which was with marvellous Expedition performed no Enemy appearing and now the Day being up the English Celebrate the Victory with great Joy This Overthrow is reckoned by the Scots the greatest that ever befel them not so much for the Number as the Quality of the Slain many of the Nobility and Gentry besides Five thousand common Souldiers were killed on the place King James himself never after appeared what to determine of him I know not the English contend that he was killed in the Battel his Body found and exposed to publick View the Scots assert that the Corps so exposed were the Relicts of Sir Alexander Elphinston in Habit Stature and Figure resembling their King as some others did that day the better to encourage the Army Some contend that he escaped into Scotland after the Battel and was traiterously Murdered by the Retainers of the Earl of Hume nigh Kelso to avoid his wrath for their Treachery on the day of Battel and some there are who are bold enough to assert that the King perceiving the huge Slaughter of the Nobility and Gentry privately withdrew himself and in an obscure habit travelled as a Pilgrim to Jerusalem to make good his former Vow where he spent the remnant of his days in Sorrow however it was certain it is That after the Battel he never appeared to the World A Prince of a most comely Person and of that moderation and temper that no provocation could force from him any the least intemperate word and yet a man of an undaunted and indeed too resolute a Spirit very much inclined to Mercy never executing Penal Justice without grief and sorrow of Heart I leave him with that Epitaph he had bestowed upon him for his wanting of a Tomb. Fama orbem replet mortem sors occulit at tu Desine scrutari quod tegit ossa solum Si mihi dent animo non impar fata sepulchrum Augusta est tumulo terra Britanna meo THE LIFE OF JAMES V. JAMES the Fourth thus lost his Son James a Child of two years of Age is Proclaimed King the Queen his Mother conformable to the last Will of the King published before his last Expedition towards England in which it was provided that the Queen should have the Supreme Power during the time of her Widowhood and the King his Minority hath the Supreme Government committed to her and as a tender Mother writeth with all earnestness to her Brother King Henry the Eighth of England imploring his Royal and Fraternal favour particularly that he would be pleased out of his tender regard to her and her young Son to abstain from War against the Scots King Henry very nobly returneth Answer that the Scots should be choosers of War or Peace this gladded the heart of the Scottish Queen who assuredly by her discreet Government had proved a Nursing Mother to that Nation but that within one year she was pleased to Marry herself to Archibald Dowglas Earl of Angus by which Marriage her Government determined and immediately Divisions break out amongst the Nobility touching the choice of a Vice-Roy The Dowglasses wholly for the Queen the Earl of Hume a Person then of great Power and Authority opposeth her contending for a free Choice to be made of one of the Nobility after much Debate it was at last concluded that the Duke of Albany John Son to Robert Brother to James the Third should be declared Vice-Roy which being done Letters are dispatched to him then an Exile in France The Duke accepteth the Honour and Charge and arriveth at Dunbarton about the 8th of May 1515 forthwith in Parliament is the Duke restored to his Patrimony and declared Vice-Roy The Vice-Roy beginneth his Government in a Progress all the Kingdom over endeavouring to establish Peace among all The Earl of Hume the great Instrument of the Vice-Roy his advancement finding himself much neglected repenteth him of his Service done to him and tenders the same to the Queen whom he formerly opposed suggesting to her the danger of the young King now in the hands of such a Vice-Roy whose Father for his traiterous Conspiring against the King and his ambitious aspiring the Crown was Exiled to his dying day the present Vice-Roy his Son born and brought up likewise in Exile appearing a man of no less Ambition than his Father the young King the only Rub in his way to the Crown must needs therefore be in great danger if some extraordinary Expedient be not found out for his Safety and in order hereunto he adviseth her to withdraw herself and her Son into England under the Protection of her Brother who so largely the other day declared his Royal affection and favour towards her All is soon and secretly bewrayed to the Vice-Roy who immediately surpriseth the King and his Mother the Queen in the Castle of Sterlin The Queen and all Dowglas his Faction are removed from the King the Tuition of whom he commits to the care of three Noble Men besides the Lord Areskin Governour of the Castle The Lord Hume and his Brother withdrew to England the Queen and the Earl of Angus her Husband soon follow after the Vice-Roy sendeth his Agents after them and complaineth of their Causeless departure All of them are by their Friends perswaded to return the Queen only being heavy with Child is advised to stay where soon after she was brought to Bed of a Daughter Named Margaret The Earl of Hume Summoned to appear before the Vice-Roy in a publick Convention is Condemned and his Estate confiscate because of non-appearance Ten thousand Horse and Foot are raised to reduce him which the Earl perceiving he casteth himself upon the Faith and Favour of the Vice-Roy by whose command Hume is committed to the
partake with many ghastly wounds the honour of the day the vanquished are killed on the place all to one who perceiving himself left alone and being without wounds he skippeth into the River by which means none of the surviving Victors being able to follow him by reason of their wounds he maketh a fair Escape with his Life thus the Heads and most turbulent of both Clans cut off their retainers are soon perswaded to Peace and for many Years after live quiet enough this Fight hapned in the Year 1396. In the Year 1398. King Robert Created his Son David at the Eighteenth Year of his Age Duke of Rothesay and his Brother Robert Duke of Albany the first Honour of this kind bestowed in that Kingdom The same Year he established his Son Robert Governour of the whole Kingdom preferring the quiet of a private Life to the daily Troubles which attend a publick Employment tho' sweetned with many honours and outward respects The Year following being the First Year of the Reign of Henry the Fourth of England some unhappy seeds of Jarrs between the two Kingdoms were scattered by George Dunbar Earl of Merse the Daughter of the said Earl being espoused to the Duke of Rothesay and a great part of her Dowry payed Archibald Earl of Dowglass Excepteth in Parliament against the Espousals as done without Consent of the Three Estates and propounded in Parliament the Marriage of his own Daughter and with her a greater Dowry the Parliament approveth well of the Match and Robert Duke of Albany prevaileth with the King to make void the first Espousal and to accept the tender made by the Earl of Dowglass both which being accordingly done the Marriage of the Earl Dowglass his Daughter to the Young Duke is Solemnised by consent of Parliament The Earl George resenteth this as a wrong done to his Family expostulateth the matter with the King and remanded his Daughters Dowry whereunto present Satisfaction not being made the Earl withdraweth from Court breathing out Revenge and immediately flyeth into England where he entereth into league with Earl Percy Dowglass his sworn Enemy and with some Force obtained from him he returneth into Scotland and spoileth all the Lands in the Meuse belonging to Earl Dowglass King Robert provoked with Indignation proclaimeth him Traitor and dispatcheth an Herald to King Henry the 4th of England to require the delivery up of the fugitive Earl to Justice King Henry pretendeth faith given to the Earl for Protection and upon that account refuseth King Robert his demand King Robert resenteth this as a breach of the Peace concluded for seven years in the days of King Richard not yet expired and accordingly his Council declareth it and for this and many outrages and detestations committed by Henry Percy the younger and by the fugitive Earl proclaimeth War against King Henry King Henry thinks it his wisest course to prevent him and forthwith marcheth into Scotland with a very potent Army of Horse and Foot entereth the City of Edenburgh and layeth Siege to the Castle Duke Robert then Governor of Scotland prepareth for its relief but so slowly that every man suspected him to have some sinister design in it King Henry finding the Castle impregnable being garrisoned with men of honour and integrity to whom the Macedonian Ass could have no access though some not long since could receive his leading raised his Siege and returned to England Henry Percy and the fugitive Earl continue their plundering incursions for repressing of whom several small Parties were sent to small purpose at last by the command of the Governor Archibald Earl of Dowglass Son to the late Earl of the same Name so much renowned marcheth in person against them accompanied with divers of the Nobility and advanceth with his Army to the very Gates of New-Castle Percy the younger and the fugitive Earl draw up their Army against him and give him battel nigh Hemeldon the Earl Dowglass after a most furious conflict is at last overthrown divers of the Scottish Nobility are slain many taken Prisoners and with them the Earl himself with the loss of one of his Eyes Percy persueth his Victory entereth Scotland and having done some spoyl in Tiviodale returneth to England and prepareth for a Rebellion against King Henry the Earl Dowglass is earnestly sollicited by him to joyn with him in his design with promise of freedom Dowglass embraceth the motion and with some others of the Scottish Prisoners performeth most gallant service at Shrewsbury battel contemning all others he bendeth himself against the person of the King only he dismounteth first one then another then a third and all in the habit of the King King Henry having clothed some gallant men in his own habit of purpose to encourage his Soldiers at the sight of their brave deportment Dowglass admiring from whence so many Kings should come rusheth himself into the midst of his enemies behaving himself with incredible bravery but at last the victory falling to the King Dowglass grievously wounded is taken Prisoner the King very nobly taketh care of him causeth his wounds to be cured by the best of his Chirurgions admitteth him to his presence highly commendeth his valour accepteth of his ransom and granteth him liberty to return to his Country where he was received with no small Joy This storm over Duke Robert wholly bends himself to make away the whole off-spring of his Brother the King of purpose to make way for his own to come to the Crown a fair opportunity offering it self to begin his work David the elder of the King's Sons giveth up himelfs wholly to his lusts ravishing both Virgins and others contemning all admonitions of his good Father would not be reclaimed The good King much afflicted by the dissolute life of his Son committeth him to the counsel and care of Duke Robert the Governor who very glad of the opportunity to commence his Traiterous design chearfully snatcheth his prey into his Clutches and resolving to take a short course to reform his manners by the ruine of the man carrieth him along with himself to St. Andrews from thence to Faulkland where he coops him up in a loathsom Dungeon with a design to destroy him by the cruel pinches of hunger which had been speedily done but that his miserable Life Was preserved for a Season by the compassion of two tender-hearted Women the one a Virgin Daughter to the Governor of the Castle who as she came into the Garden privately conveyed under the covert of her Apron some thin Oaten Cakes which she gave him through a Cranny the only conveyance of light into the Dungeon The other a poor neighbouring Woman who gave Suck and by her Breast-milk milked into his mouth refreshed him a little The Duke his merciless Uncle admiring that he heard no tidings of his death appointed a secret Watch about him the good Women are discovered apprehended and punished the poor Prince now left without all manner of relief or hope of
by reason of his non-adherence a Divorce issueth out and the former Marriage declared Null The Divorce published the young Lady is Married not without her great grief and reluctancy at the King 's special and peremptory Command to James Earl Hammilton the issue of which unhappy Marriage proved in most after-Generations an unhappy Annoyance to the Crown by whom she had James and Margaret The Lord Boyd out-lives not this Disaster dyeth with Grief at Antwerp where the Duke of Burgundy erected for him a most stately Tomb thus in a trice fell the flourishing Family of the Boydes a real Instance of the instability and vanity of the World These Stirs over the Peace is renewed with England and at home Disturbances not many nor great But this Calm lasted not long Fears and Jealousies the bane of all States disturb all and like an evil Spirit divide between the King and the Nobility Affairs standing thus his Majesty useth the Counsels of some Knights and Gentlemen in whose wisdom and integrity he confided much this enrageth the Nobility yet more and as if this had not been afflictious enough his younger Brother John conspireth his Death by the means of wicked Sorcerers for which Treason he is condemned to Dye by the opening of a Vein which accordingly was executed Alexander the other Brother suspected conscious to this Treason is Committed to Edenburgh Castle from thence he Escapeth and Saileth into France where he takes to Wife the Daughter of the Earl of Bononia Ambassadours are again sent from England to renew the Peace and to Ratifie the same by a new Affinity of an inter-marriage between James Son to King James and the Lady Cicilie Daughter to King Edward to be Solemnized so soon as both come to age fit for Marriage in the mean while a part of the Dowry to be paid down and in case the Marriage happened not to be Consummated the same to be repaired to the English These things were all happily concluded but the more was the pity not very long observed Dowglas an old Exile and Alexander the King's Brother by this time come over to England perswade King Edward to War against the Scots and on the other hand King Lewis of France incites King James against the English King Edward levieth Twenty thousand Men pretending to vindicate some Wrongs done by some late Inroads made by the Scots and under the Command of the Duke of Glocester accompanied with divers Noble Men amongst whom was Alexander Duke of Albany they March Northward King James prepareth an Army for defence advanceth to Lawder not far from the Borders where the discontent of some of the Nobility breaketh out into Violence against the King's Counsellors they Surprize them in the Night and drag most of them from the King's presence and are all by special influence of the Earl of Angus Sir John Ramsey only except immediately hanged in the view of the Army their great Crime save that some of them were advanced to the dignity of Noble Men was the Coyning of Brass Money in use many days before and continueth in that Kingdom to this day The truth is the King's Favour to them and their Faith to the King was their greatest Treason After this Disaster the Army dissolveth the King returneth to Edenburgh with no less Fear than Grief and Indignation The Duke of Glocester advanceth to the Gates of Edenburgh leaving Four thousand of his Army to Besiege the Castle of Berwick the Nobility in this distraction raiseth an Army to stop this Current Alexander Duke of Albany with the consent of the Duke of Glocester goeth over into the Scots Army where the Command in chief so handsomely was the Game played is immediately transferred to him a Treaty immediately set on foot by agreement Berwick is immediately surrendered the Duke returns to England and a Truce for certain Years appointed King Edward having seen so many late strange Mutations in England and fearing the like fate to King James which had happened to some of the English Kings viz. the ruine of his Family sendeth an Herald to Scotland and at Edenburgh proclaimeth the late contract of Marriage between the two young Princesses to be void demanding the repayment of that part of the Dowry paid King James being now at more liberty than before repayeth the Money not without some Indignation Duke Alexander perceiving that his Majesty's Eye was upon him and that his traiterous Design to compass the Crown was discovered flyeth privately into England and betrayeth the Castle of Dunbar to King Edward the Parlinment declareth him Traitor pardoning all his Associates after pardon granted Chrichton Son to the late Chancellor keepeth Correspondence with the Duke is summoned to answer disobeyeth and is Banished The Duke and Earl Dowglas both Exiles resolve to try their Fortune and Favour of the People return to Scotland with Five hundred Horse the Country riseth against them after a bloody Conflict nigh Lough Maban the Duke is overthrown and escapeth Dowglas is apprehended and sent Prisoner to Lindores By this time King Edward of England dieth and committeth his Son Edward the Fifth to the Tuiton of his Brother Richard Duke of Glocester the Duke impiously Murdereth his two Nephews and setteth himself on the Throne Immediately he sendeth his Ambassadors to Scotland to treat for Peace King James in detestation of their Master refuseth them Audience at last with much ado Audience is granted no Peace could be obtained a Truce only for three Years concluded by reason of the King 's own unsetled condition Soon after this Truce King Richard is killed at Bosworth Field Henry the Seventh obtaineth the Crown and cometh in Person to Newcastle from whence he sendeth his Ambassadors to Scotland Richard Fox Bishop of Exeter and Sir Richard Edgcombe they are Honourably received their Master and the matter of their Embassy which was Peace both indear them to King James who very freely told them that there was nothing he desired more than Peace though he durst not promise a lasting Peace with England by reason of the restless and unquiet Spirits of his Nobility which he heartily bemoaned to them adjuring them to conceal from his Nobles the carnest desire he had of Peace from which he knew they would be the more averse finding him bent towards it and in fine he prayeth them to rest satisfied with a Truce for Seven Years promising that before the determination thereof he on his part should be ready to renew it Seven Years more as one passionately desirous to live in peace with the English all his Life This Answer is returned to King Henry and a Truce accordingly for Seven Years concluded In the mean while Alexander Duke of Albany dieth in France leaving behind him two Sons Alexander and John afterwards Vice-Roy in Scotland King James now promiseth himself some quiet the Original of all his troubles removed and in order thereunto he Proclaims a general Pardon receiveth his Enemies into Favour Honoureth some
Family of the Guise Widdow of the late Duke of Longoville in Marriage to King James the Marriage is agreed to the Year following she arriveth in Scotland and the Marriage solemnized at St. Andrews 1538. This Year exemplary Justice was done upon divers Persons of Quality conspiring the Death of the King some the Year following were Burnt some Banished for embracing the Protestant Doctrine Preached in Germany by Luther and others James Hammilton the Bastard accused of High-Treason is sentenced to Death his Head and Quarters affixed to publick places in Edenburgh the King soon after thought in his Dream that Hammilton cut off first his right and then his left Arm threatning withal to appear again to take his own Life the King awaking is very much troubled with thoughts of this Dream and revolving with himself what might be the meaning of it a Messenger comes to him with the sad News of the Death of both his Sons at the same time the one at Sterlin the other at St. Andrews King Henry of England sendeth the second time to invite King James to a Conference at York the Scotch Clergy still oppose it and the Conference again refused King Henry in great Indignation against his Nephew for refusal of Conference with him resolveth to talk with him in harder Terms and to that end he raiseth an Army and sendeth it into Scotland and under the Command of the Duke of Norfolk The Scottish Ambassadors in vain intreating a Cessation King James prepares a considerable Army for defence the English enter into Scotland and after some mischief done at the approach of the Scotch Army they retreat the Lord Gordon marcheth before the main body with Ten thousand Men doing much hurt and annoyance to the Rear of the English Army King James with all earnestness presseth an Engagement with the English the Nobility peremptorily oppose him in it the King enraged upbraideth them with Cowardise unworthy to be owned as Sons of their Noble Ancestors vowing that though they should all desert him himself and his own Family alone should give the Enemy Battel The Lord Maxwell to pacify the King tendereth his Service to lead into Cumberland Ten thousand Men thereby to divert the Enemy The King accepteth his Service but being enraged against the whole Nobility he resolves that none of them should have the Honour of any thing done in that Expedition and for the cause giveth a Dormant Commission to Oliver Sinclare Brother to the Lord Roslin Having entred Cumberland and now in view of Five hundred English Horse Sinclare produceth his Commission it is read at the head of the Army Maxwell is thereby inraged the whole Army falleth in Mutiny and in such a confusion that they become a Prey to the Five hundred English Horse divers of the Nobility and the new General Sinclare are sent Prisoners to the Tower of London this dishonourable Disaster which hapned at Solway strikes the Valorous King with such grief and sorrow that he never after joyed but soon after departed this Life having first made Peace with King Henry at whose request he recalled Archibald Earl of Angus Thus dyed King James the Fifth a Prince of singular Endowments most patient of Cold Hunger and Travel sometimes setting on Horseback Twenty Four hours when the necessity of his affairs required it a great Justitiary and a person of singular Foresight and Wisdom THE LIFE OF QUEEN MARY QUeen Mary was the only Child James the Fifth her Father left to Inherit the Crown born to him not above eight days before his death James Hammilton Earl of Aran is therefore chosen Vice-Roy to whom King Henry of England sent his Ambassador Sir Radolph Sadler to procure Peace between the two Kingdoms and to demand Mary in Marriage to his Son by the influence of the late Prisoners in England especially the Exiled Dowglasses whom King Henry had wrought much to his Service by his Royal Favours whose Counsels were now very prevalent in the management of publick affairs both were assented the Contract of Marriage Signed and Pledges promised for better performance of all Conditions agreed upon notwithstanding of the Opposition of the Queen and Cardinal who fearing the Subversion of Popery still established in that Kingdom by this agreement endeavour what they can to cross all Tumults are stirred against the English Ambassador and daily Affronts put upon his Attendants in the Streets the Ambassador complaineth and demandeth the Pledges promised for confirmation of the Agreement lately made exemplary Justice is executed upon the chief movers in the Tumults in answer to this Complaint but the Cardinal by the influence of his power had so obstructed the matter of his demand that not one of the Nobility would yield up himself voluntarily a Pledge to the English and to such a business none could be compelled King Henry hereby provoked seiseth all the Scottish Ships in the English Havens and Harbours and proclaimeth War against the Scots in the mean while the Queen Mother sendeth to France to entreat the French King to send home Matthew Earl of Lennox to strengthen her against the English Faction otherwise Religion and the French League were like to come to nothing Lennox is sent home and forthwith levieth Four Thousand men and with this strong guard cometh to the Queen the Vice-Roy inferior in Power sends Commissions to treat for Peace by agreement the young Queen is committed to the Education of Four Indifferent Noble Men ingaged in neither Faction viz. the Lords Graham Areskin Lindsay and Leviston and accordingly they take charge of her at Sterlin where all the Nobility do Homage to her The Vice-Roy joyneth himself wholly to the Cardinal which Conjunction so inrageth Lennox that immediately he flyeth to Arms raiseth an Army marcheth to Leith and provoketh the Cardinal to Fight the Cardinal keeps himself close in Edenburgh Castle Lennox through want of Provisions is forced to withdraw and to put himself in a posture of Defence in and about Glascow King Henry hearing of these Stirs sends into Scotland to demand the custody of the young Queen until she came to years fit for Marriage The French Faction now prevailing his Demands are refused An Army is therefore forthwith sent into Scotland under the Conduct of the Earl of Hereford and a great Navy of Two hundred Sail under the Command of Viscount Lisle as Admiral The English enter the City of Edenburgh without resistance first they Pillage and then they Fire it and divers other Towns and Villages about it the like fate befel the Town of Leith and forthwith they return to England laden with Spoil The Queen Mother writeth to the French King and layeth all these mischiefs at Lennox his door as the only enemy of their Peace and Union by reason of his private Feud against the Vice-Roy for the death of his Father At her Request Lennox is recalled to France but finding the French King provoked against him he still keeps to his posture of Defence
and Success sendeth down a Potent Army both by Sea and Land under the Command of the Duke of Lancaster they spoil all to the very Gates of Edenburgh they Enter the City and in their Fury resolve to set it on Fire but the Duke remembring that it had been a Sanctuary to himself in a late Danger Nobly preserveth it and returneth with his Army His Army returned Earl Dowglass immediately marcheth with an Army and regaineth all the Castles in the English Power Roxborrow only excepted for which he put very fair but that a Burning Feaver of which he Dyed prevented him In the mean while a Peace is Concluded in France between all the Three Kingdoms of France England and Scotland the French undertake to publish this Peace forthwith in Scotland but are Negligent in it until the News of a great havock done in Scotland after the Conclusion of the Peace by an Army of 10000 English Horsemen and 6000 Bowmen under the Earl of Northumberland and Notingham the Scots sensible of this Abuse refuse to hearken to Terms of Peace notwithstanding the earnest desire of their King to embrace them Dowglass Lindsey and Dunbar privately withdraw from Court raise an Army and flying rather than marching into England consume all with fire and sword even to the Gates of New-Castle return laden with Spoil and proclaim the Peace In the Year following the French Admiral Jean de Vienna landeth in Scotland with about some Two Thousand Auxiliary Foot and an Hundred Curasiers with Six Months Pay King Richard of England having Notice hereof and withal Intelligence of great Preparations making against him in France by Charles the Sixth the French King which soon evaporated into Smoak by the delays of the Duke of Bury suddenly raiseth an Army of Sixty Thousand Foot and Eight Thousand Horse some say One Hundred Thousand Foot and Ten Thousand Horse some Three Hundred Thousand of both and in great Fury marcheth into Scotland burneth and killeth all along Forty Miles without respect of Place or Person Edenburgh and Melrose both Consumed by Fire King Robert thinking it no way safe to give Battel to so great an Army sendeth an Army into Cumberland where they freely Wast and Spoil all King Richard not daring to march beyond the Scottish Frith as the Duke of Lancaster Advised him whom he therefore Suspected of a Traiterous Design against him nor to leave the Sea Coast having all his Stores of Provision from his Navy then attending him on the Frith and the Winter then drawing on resolveth rather to return home by the way of Berwick than with the hazard of all by reason of Cold and Hunger to Pursue the Scots in Cumberland which the Scots perceiving withdraw their Army at their own convenience and return no less laden with Spoil than the great Army of the English thus two Armies great enough are raised invade other Nations and return without sight one of another the People the common sufferers in such broils sustaining the loss King Robert knowing that the English could not return in the Winter Season sendeth his Army to reduce Roxborrough then in the hands of the English strongly Fortified and well Garrison'd the Siege being formed the French crave the Possession and Government of the Town when regained the Scots peremptorily refuse telling them plainly their Service deserved no such Reward as so strong a Garrison the Possession whereof should enable them to become at pleasure Arbitrators both of War and Peace the Siege breaketh up in discontent the Scots weary of the Insolence and grievous Plunderings of the French send them fairly home retaining the Commander in Chief until reasonable Satisfaction made for the wast done by his Souldiers King Richard of England now returned home and his great Army disbanded behold a Cloud appeareth which breaketh out into such a storm as in the end proved his Ruin Whilst all things are in confusion in England the Scottish Nobility unwilling to loose the opportunity cry out for a Vindictive Army to be raised to revenge King Richard's last years inhuman Cruelty the good King touched with a fellow-feeling of King Richard's Sufferings choosing rather to bear the wrong done than to wound the afflicted sheweth himself very averse to the Counsels of his Nobility which his Nobles perceiving resent it more than well beseeming them and privately contrive an Army without the knowledge of their King with which they march into England one part of their Army marcheth by the way of Carlile under the Conduct of two of the King 's Younger Sons the Earls of Fife and Straern the other by the way of Berwick under the Command of James Earl Dowglass The first Army spoileth the Countrey without opposition and returneth with Spoil enough bought at a cheap rate The second hath not the like fortune tho' it marched with such hast and secresie that the smoak it raised in the Conflagration of Towns and Villages was its first Discovery having spoiled the Bishoprick of Durham Earl Dowglass resolveth to Attempt New-Castle the Percies in those days the most Valiant Family England had draw their Forces thither for its Defence some light Skirmishing there was for three days together the two Commanders in Chief Dowglass and Piercy think it worthy of their Fame to try their single Valour in view of both Armies which accordingly they did with incredible Gallantry on both sides Percy is at last dismounted Dowglass who Thirsted not after Blood but Honour as a Noble Cavalier doth not offer one blow to his dismounted Enemy layeth only hold on his Spear Saying My Lord your Spear shall home with me as the Trophee of this Noble Encounter and with these words Retreateth to the Van of his Army Next day after Dowglass draweth off the Field and marcheth to Otturburn some Eight Miles from New-Castle where contrary to the Advice of his Council his Army being inferiour in number by one half to the English he stayeth some three days attending Earl Percy his rescue of his Spear Percy to regain his Honour resolveth to Fight him contrary to the Advice of all his Council too who presumed as they had reason that Dowglas so Discreet and Wary a Souldier would not hazard to give Battel to an Army so much exceeding his Number as two to one unless he had some considerable Forces laid in Ambush to insnare them The two Armies the one not above Five Thousand the other not under Ten Thousand joyn Battel in the Evening and with various and doubtful Success coutinued Fight almost the whole Night by the benefit of the Light they had from the Full Moon at last the Scots gave ground which by the Valour of two Heburnes both Patrick by Name was quickly regained Dowglass Chargeth so desperately with two Attendants only Hart and Glendimung that having evidenced incredible strength both of Spirit and Body he falleth under the burden of many wounds before his Forces were able to take him off his Body is rescued when it
refreshment having eat much of his own Flesh and many of his Members miserably perished in the extremity of Hunger a great evidence indeed of God's anger against his Lustful youth but no less evidence of a cruel and barbarous heart in the merciless and inhuman Uncle This Cruelty is for a time concealed from the good King at last Time revealeth it not without some indignation of the Author The Duke is questioned but by a cowardly if not traiterous Jury pack'd by himself acquitted the poor distressed King praying to Heaven for a Vengeance upon them and all their Posterity who were guilty of that horrid Murther the Duke to gloss all the better draggeth some to Prison Flagitious men indeed but altogether innocent of this Crime condemneth and executeth them as Murtherers of the Prince palliating one wickedness with another as many other wicked men have done The good King solicitous for his onely Son now remaining resolveth for his greater safety to send him over to France to be educated in the Court of Charles the Sixth the French King and commendeth him to the safe conduct and oversight of Lord Henry Sinclare Earl of Orkney he setteth Sail from the Basse and passing by Flamborrowe-head a Storm ariseth and forceth the Ship into Harbour the Prince afflicted with Sea-sickness goeth on Shore is apprehended by the English and sent Prisoner to King Henry of England who notwithstanding of the Mournful Letters of the afflicted King his Father sent up of purpose some weeks before to prevent the obstruction of his Journey and contrary to the Advice of the most of his Council pleading for his Liberty detaineth him Prisoner This hard measure is in great measure recompenced by the liberal Education he gave him whereby he became the most Learned Prince of his time the sad news of his Imprisonment brought to his still afflicted Father for the loss of his eldest Son as he sat at Supper cut him to the Heart and oppressed with Grief he falleth down dead his Company about him in vain seeking to recover Life in him they carry him to his Chamber where his Spirits revive a little but abstaining from all manner of nourishment after three days abstinence he departeth this Life opprest with two cruel tyrants Hunger and Grief in the 16th Year of his Reign April the First 1406 A Prince of a very proper and proportionable Person a Good man and a Meek not furnished indeed with Austerity and such like qualities as might have rendered him more fit than in truth he was to Govern a People so unlike himself in Conditions THE LIFE OF JAMESI KIng Robert departed this Life his Son James Prisoner in England is Proclaimed King of Scotland and his Uncle Robert Duke of Albany continued by Act of Parliament in his Government at this time a sweet calm of Peace continued between the two Kingdoms above twelve years together a great blessing to both Nations In the mean while a black Cloud appeareth in the North of Scotland Donald Lord of the Isles pretending the recovery of his Lands in Ross which the Governor kept from him by a a trick of Law Invadeth Ross from thence marcheth into Murray from thence into Buchan and so to Aberdeen doing much Mischief all along as he went To stop this Current Alexander Earl of Marre and others of the Nobility advance against him with such Forces as could be raised on the sudden both Armies Encounter at Harlaw a fierce Battel continueth for many hours with such slaughter on both sides that at Night the darkness whereof was the first commander of Cessation each Army thought it self overcome no man appearing next day morning to claim the glory of the Victory onely the poor Village Harlaw where the Battel was is famous from it to this day This Rebellion over the Dauphine of France sendeth an Ambassadour to Scotland to demand Assistance against the English according to their ancient League then warring in France declaring with a sad Narrative that himself was disinherited and the English King Henry the 5th Married to his Sister the Lady Catharine declared Regent of France in present and Heir apparent to the Crown with whom likewise the Duke of Burgundy had joyned his whole Force this pitiful Letter soon quickened the Scottish Nobility dreading the effects of King Henry his Greatness an Army of 7000 resolute and stout men are sent immediately over into France under the Conduct of John Earl of Buchan Archibald Earl of Wigton Son to Archibald Earl Dowglas with whom were divers Persons of Quality all safely arrive and are immediately sent by the Dauphine towards Turon the Duke of Clarence Brother to the English King well high surpriseth them in their way they take the Alarm nigh Bergie and on Easter-Eve they give Battel to the English fought with great valour and various fortune on both sides at last the Duke of Clarence is dismounted his whole Army routed 2000 slain on the spot amongst whom were the Duke of Clarence the Earl of Kime the Lords Gray and Ross Many Prisoners likewise taken whereof divers Persons of Quality as the Earls of Huntington and Somerset and others The Earl of Salisbury a man of singular vertue and valour endeavoureth to repay this loss but could effect nothing save the recovery of the dead Body of the Duke of Clarence which he afterwards sent over into England After this Victory the Dauphine createth Buchan Constable of France one of the highest Preferments in that Kingdom In the same Year 1420 Robert Duke of Albany departed this Life and his Son Mordake established in his place Buchan returneth from France and is immediately recalled he arriveth at Rochett accompanied with Archibald Earl of Dowglas and Five thousand Auxiliary Foot the Dauphine much cheared up at their arrival receiveth them with ample Gratulation John Duke of Bedford is sent over from England much about the same time with 4000 Horse and 10000 Foot and soon after King Henry himself arriveth and with him James King of Scotland of purpose by his presence to withdraw the Scots from the Dauphine or at least to render them the more suspected to him but he is disappointed in both the Scots unanimously declaring that they could not render whilst a Prisoner the Obedience otherwise due to him Soon after both the French and English King depart this Life Henry the Sixth of England about Eights Months old is Proclaimed King of England and France John Duke of Bedford appointed Regent of France The Dauphine at the same time Proclaimed by his Adherents King of France by the Name of Charles the 7th The Regent advanceth against him with a powerful Army the Duke of Alenson encountereth him Charles himself is with general consent and unanimous request of all his Friends desired to withdraw and not to hazard his Person the miscarriage whereof was an apparent ruine of them all and giveth him Battel not far from Vornoil The Fight continued very fierce for some hours at
necessary if possible to prevent the Conjunction of Dowglas and Hammilton to that end he advanceth to Linlithquo where the Hammiltons were drawn together Dowglas then at Edenburgh marcheth with all possible expedition bringing along with him to countenance his affairs the person of the King who all along retardeth the journey accounting Lennox more his Friend than those with him pretending indisposition of Body ever and anon dismounteth making shew to pay some necessary office to Nature Dowglas frets and in vain spending many entreaties for expedition at length George Dowglas Brother to the Earl is so peremptory with him as in most Rebellious terms to tell him That rather than their Enemies should get possession of his Person they would rend him in pieces and divide him in halves between them This Traiterous word made an indelible impression on the heart of the King though at present silence was his best and only return At last the Armies joyn Lennox and his Patty are put to the rout many slain the Earl himself killed bewailed of all Hammilton and Dowglas both mourn for him above all the King is afflicted the remnant of his Party with sorrow and grief enough submit and are all forced to compound for their Treasons as was pretended in bearing Arms against the King the Earl of Cassils refusing to submit was way-laid and killed by one Hugh Campbell Lennox his Death divulged maketh a very deep impression in the hearts of most men especially his own Retainers one of his Servants resolveth with himself to avenge his Lord's death on the Person of the Bastard Hammilton by whom Lennox was killed To that end he repairs to Edenburgh and on his way meeting with one of his Fellow-servants he asked him saying Didst thou see Hammilton the Bastard Yea said he I saw him and hast thou not killed him unthankful Wretch who murthered our Dear Lord and Master said the Fellow Go and be hang'd thou art not worthy to live and with these words he pass'd on in his way and came streight to Holyrude House where in the Pallace-Yard stood Two thousand Armed men all Retainers to Dowglas and Hammilton there the Fellow walks full of Revenge and waiting the opportunity to execute the desire of his heart Hammilton unawares comes in his way without Arms the Fellow falls upon him in the Penthouse under the Porters-Lodge and wounds him in six several places of his Body the Armed men are all presently in confusion and well nigh in one anothers blood The Hammiltons suspecting this bold attempt to be done by the Dowglasses newly only reconciled to them to avenge some old Quarrels The Fellow is at last apprehended who had opportunity fair enough had he attempted it to escape with his Sword in his hand still smoaking with Hammilton's blood he is forthwith hurried to Tolbnith boldly professing that what he did was to revenge the death of his Dear Lord declaring with inexpressible confidence that he was sorry for nothing but that he was disappointed of his design so bravely begun by him he is put to Torture for the discovery of such as animated him to that bold attempt his Flesh is seared with burning Irons which he endured with such courage and resolution as no man could spy either by his words or by his countenance or otherwise any the least sense of pain in him at last his Right Hand was cut off which he endured without shrinking calling out to such as stood by That unhappy Hand well deserved this punishment which executed not the design of a Resolute mind The Dowglasses think themselves now secure enough no man daring to oppose them in any thing But in the midst of their security the King makes an escape from Faulkland to Sterlin there the Nobility from most parts of the Kingdom fly to him by whose advice his Majesty issueth out an Edict inhibiting the Dowglasses any further medling in publick Affairs discharging them or any of their retainers under pain of Death to come within Twelve Miles of the Court this Edict being served on the Earl in his Journey towards Sterlin he retreats to Edenburgh and prepareth Forces for his defence A Proclamation issueth from the King to call a Parliament to Assemble November the 3d. in the interim his Army advanceth towards the City Dowlas withdraws The King peaceably entreth the City Terms of Peace are offered to the Dowlasses viz. That the Earl himself should confine himself on the North of Tay his Brother George and his Vncle Archibald to the Castle of Edenburgh The Conditions are refused they are Summoned to appear before the Parliament they disobey the Earl himself his Brother George his Uncle Archibald and his dear Friend Alexander Drumond of Carnock all by sentence of Parliament Banished all People charged under pain of Treason not to relieve them the Dowlasses break out into open Violence Arguile is sent to reduce them to order whose advance they prevented by flight into England The King spendeth some time with great care and charge in suppressing the Depredations then very great on the Borders which Expedition over he establisheth the Court of Sessions formerly indeed set on foot by the Vice-Roy the Duke of Albany Constituted of Fifteen Judges of the most learned of the Law impowred to hear and determine all Civil Causes a very grave Court continuing in great Honour and deserved Respect in that Nation to this day About this time King Henry of England prepareth for War against the Scots irritated thereunto by the Scotch Exiles and Refuges in England King James having Constituted the Earl of Murray his Vice-Roy prepareth for Defence by Mediation of the French then a common Friend to both Peace is concluded King James sends Ambassadors to France to treat concerning his Marriage to a Daughter of France The King of England to prevent it sends the Bishop of St. Davids and William Hrward Brother to the Duke of Norfolk Ambassadors into Scotland to invite King James to a Personal Conference with himself whereunto he is soon persuaded by the great Promises they made of Marriage to Mary the King 's eldest Daughter if all other things succeeded well in the Treaty The Scotch Council especially the Clergy fearing Innovations in Religion then set on foot by King Henry are much troubled that his Majesty had consented to this Conference they ply him with continual surmises of Ruine to Himself to the State to Religion should this Conference hold the King is over-ruled and observeth not the day appointed but forthwith Saileth into France and is immediately espoused to Magdalen Daughter to Francis King of France the Marriage solemnized on New-years Day 1537 and both arrive in Scotland about the end of May following within six Weeks after the young Queen Dyeth to the inexpressible grief of all the Nobles put on Mourning Apparel not before that time in use in that Kingdom Immediately after David Beton Cardinal and Robert Maxwel are sent to France to demand Mary of the
into her Favour and Consult the raising of some Forces to avenge the Death of the Secretary Murther'd in her own presence the chief of the Murderers were fled into England others into the Mountains and of the meaner sort some were Fined some Imprisoned and some Executed Her Majesty soon after upon the 29th of June is brought to bed of a Young Son our Second Solomon James the Sixth and great State and Solemnity there was at the Christning where were present Three Ambassadors One from England and another from France and a Third from the Duke of Savoy but the King being out of the Queens Favour was not admitted to the Solemnity but repairing to his Fathers house fell Sick on the way not without suspition of Poyson there he continued languishing until the January following when the Queen went to visit him and all differences being made up he resolved though not well to return with her to Edenburgh where Lodgings remote from the Noise of the Pallace for Quiet Privacy and such like Convenience as it was said were provided for him but he had not stayed here above a Formight before his Lodgings were blown up with Cun-powder though it was supposed that he was Murther'd before in his Bed his Body being found in a little Garden by his Lodging in the Kirk-field within the City of Edenburgh Cloathed with nothing but his Shirt his other Cloaths and Slippers laid by him but not a Bone of him broken no bruise nor blackness was seen upon him nor any alteration of that kind appeared in his Body which was also free from all smell of Fire or Powder The News of this Murther amazed all and astonished the Afflicted Queen almost to Death then lying at Holy-rood-house and there was nothing but Sadness to be seen in the Faces of all men every one crying out upon Murray and Morton as the Contrivers of this Horrid Murther which Murray perceiving cunningly endeavoureth to transfer the Guilt upon Bothwell by the secret surmises of some whereof there were a great many of his Emissaries and causeth Papers to be scattered about the City for that purpose not without some Reflections on the Queen Bothwell sensible of the weight of this Burden thrown upon him earnestly Laboureth with Arguile the Justice-General of the Kingdom to Discover if it were possible both the Contrivers and Actors of the Horrible Murder all imaginable Enquity was made but nothing found Lennox at the instigation of Murray presseth the Queen to bring Bothwell to Tryal Bothwell receives Commands from the Queens Majesty to appear before the Justice General and a Jury of his Peers are appointed in Order to his Tryal upon the Twelfth of April the High Court of Justice meets and all Persons concern'd have due and timely Notice given them Bothwell is Empannelled and notwithstanding Lennox his Protestation against the hasty Proceedings of the Court alledging he had not time to prepare his Evidence Bothwell is Acquitted by his Peers but this Acquittance did not so much disburden him of the King's Murther as it loaded him with his Enemies Malice His Ruin and the Queens too are still contriving and as a more Politick Method than that of Slander Bothwell is Advanced in his Reputation and cryed up not so much by his Friends as his Enemies for a man of the greatest Gallantry in the Nation and in the Court he is Exalted to the Skies though amongst the Popularity by the same Authors debased to Hell The Queen her self made sensible of his Worth and the many Extraordinary Services he had done her begins to shew him more than ordinary Favour Murray tells the Queen That there was a Necessity for her to Marry and that to some Peer of the Realm of Worth and Valour Times being so Tumultuous and Stubborn that they could not bear the Government of a Woman far less of a Stranger and therefore she must not think of a Foreigner nay some Report that Murray himself whispers her in the Ear That Bothwell was the fittest the only Man indeed to make her an Husband Bothwell in the mean time put on by perfidious perswasions on all hands to attempt this Royal Match is much perplexed between Ambition and Fear durst not listen to it most of the Nobility subscribe an Instrument in which they declare their Desires and Assent to the Marriage with the Queen Protesting that they would maintain him in it with their Lives and Estares in despight of all who should oppose it and assuring him that the Queen her self would approve of what they had done This Instrument gave more Spirit to his Pride and his Ambition suggested to him that the Queen designed her Favours as Indications of her Love and Invitations to his belief of it whereupon he resolves with himself being now Divorced from his Lady to Attempt the Marriage of the Queen to that end he Seiseth on her Person in her return from Sterling to Edenburgh and with a Guard of 500 Horse carrieth her to Dunbar the Queen Enraged with his Rudeness Check'd him with all the Favours Conferred on him chargeth him with the highest Ingratitude and Disloyalty Bothwell with all Submission acknowledgeth his Offence beseeching her that nothing could have moved him to forget that Obedience and Reverence due to her Sacred Majesty save the Force and Impulse of Love not lightly begun but kindled and kindly Cherished by Sage Counsels and Desires of most of the Loyal Nobility The Queen more suddenly now surprized than before Expresseth her dislike of the Motion though with some abatement of her Wrath she being now under his Power from whence she knew not how to be delivered at present the Earl produceth the Instrument subscribed by the Noblemen declaring their desires and assents to the Marriage then the Queen thirsting after her Liberty with a more serene Aspect told him that nothing could be done in a matter of that Concernment unless she had her wonted Freedom and the Nobility Liberty of Access to her Bothwell perceiving that this was all that could be obtained of her takes off his Guard and honourably attends her to Edenburgh and the Queen peaceably resorts with a very Noble Train to the Council Chamber where most of the Nobility Advise her to listen to Bothwell whereunto when she had given her Consent by vertue of their Counsels and fastned her Affections upon him every where by the underhand dealings of its Contrivers the People are suborned and encouraged to Cry out against the Match but notwithstanding the Clamors of the People and the forwardness of John Craig Minister of the Parish who refused to publish the Banns and Protested against the Marriage it was Celebrated upon the Fifteenth of May in the Pallace of Holy-rood-house by Adam Bishop of Orkney after the manner of the Reformed Church And now their Enemies begin to appear more open Fac'd for the prevention of their designed Mischiefs the Queen desired the Nobility to renew their Engagement which they had formerly
overthrown her self for Safety is forced to fly into England to shelter her self under the Protection of Queen Elizabeth her nearest Cousin The Regent or Vice-Roy after his Victory packeth a Parliament wherein divers of the Queens Friends and Adherents are declared Traytors and their Estates Confiscate Himself Marcheth into divers Places of the Kingdom spoils and lays wast and demollisheth the Houses and Castles of such as continued in their Loyalty Queen Elizabeth hearing of the Scotch Queens Refuge into England Commanded her by a Condoling Letter to stay at the Lord Scroops House until she had further Order from her and in the interim writeth to the Vice-Roy of the danger of the Example in which all the Kings and Crowns of the World were concern'd and desiring some Commissioners might be sent to her to give her a full Account of all their Proceedings against their Queen The Vice-Roy having the French King his Enemy already durst not run the hazard of Offending the Queen of England too whereas now his Friend in whose displeasure he might plainly read his own Destruction he resolveth to gratifie the Queen of England and to send Commissioners to shew her the best Prospect of the Story but the Nobility ashamed of the thing refuse to be sent upon so Unworthy and Dishonourable a Message or to be Employed in a matter so detestable he resolves himself to undertake it which accordingly he did Accompanied with one or two of the Rebellious Nobility and George Buchanan a devoted Slave to the Vice-Roy whose heart did as much thirst after the Blood of the Queen as ever his Venomous Pen had Surfeited it self in the pollution of her Sacred Name which so wounded his gangered Conscience when it was too late That he Craved of God no longer time to Live than he might be able to Cure those Sores and Salve those Wounds which himself had made in the Fame and Reputation of that Good and Vertuous Queen The Duke of Norfolk the Earl of Sussex and Sir Ralph Sadler Commissioners for the Queen of England give them a Meeting at York whither likewise repaired some Agents for the Exiled Queen who gave their Audience Protesting that they did not appear there before the English Commissioners as competent Judges to determine or give Sentence in the Affairs of their Soveraign Lady but rather as in the presence of Friends and Neighbours to convince them of the unparalle'ld Wrongs and Injuries done to the Person and Honour of their Queen through whose sides they had wounded all the Kings and Supream Magistrates in the World and to Crave the Assistance of the English Queen her nighest Kinswoman in the World either to persuade her Rebellious Subjects to receive her again as their Sovereign and restore her to all the Rights and Priviledges of her Crown or that failing to grant her so considerable Forces as might be able to reduce them to Order and Obedience which would be a Concession no less Honourable to the Queen of England than Profitable to the Queen of Scotland As a Counterpoize to this Protestation the English Commissioners do also Protest That they allowed not of that Protestation to the Prejudice of the Superiority that the Kings of England had always Claimed over the Kings of Scotland which now belonged to the Queen their Mistress in the Right of the Crown of England Then they proceeded to the Business the Commissioners for the Exiled Queen first laid open all the Grievances and Wrongs that were thrown upon her and under which she now laboured in a Languishing Exile The Commissioners for the Young King in whose Name the Commission ran recriminate and highly Charge the Queen no ways Accountable to them supposing or hoping the English Commissioners to have Power to pass Sentence against their Queen in case they could by any means make them believe her Guilty of those things they Charge her withal But being frustrate in these Hopes and hearing every Article of the Charge distinctly and fully Answered by their Queens Commissioners the Vice-Roy contends That nothing was done which in the like Cases had not been done by their Predecessors and their late proceedings being Confirmed by Act of Parliament they were now past recall and could not be Abrogated by any private person whatsoever whereby he imagined that he had prevented all Arguments that might be offered for a Peaceable Reception of the Queen to her Rights which were now alienated by Act of Parliament But the English Commissioners not satisfied with these things they urge That the true Causes of such rigorous Proceedings with their Queen might be produced the knowledge whereof was the end of their present Meeting The Vice-Roy having nothing else to offer desired that first the Queen of England would Engage for the Tuition of their Young King Letters are sent to Acquaint the Queen with this motion Her Majesty desires two Commissioners of the Vice-Roy's Faction to be sent to her to London to inform her more clearly in the whole matter Two Commissioners are accordingly sent Metellane and Mackgill but the Queen upon second Thoughts judgeth it necessary that the Regent himself be there who repairs to London where after much Debate before the Queen and the Council at last the Commissioners are dismissed and no more Determined at London than at York The Vice-Roy returns home and not long after the Lord Boyd brings Letters from both Queens to the Scots Parliament wherein the Queen of England makes a Threefold Overture in behalf of Queen Mary First That she might be restored to her former Government or this not Granted That in the second place she might be admitted to Reign in Title only in Conjunction with her Son and the Exercise of the Regal Power to rest still in the Vice-Roy until the Young King came to Seventeen Years of Age and if they would not do that in the third place She might have free Liberty to return safely into her own Countrey if it should seem good to her and to Live a Retir'd and Private Life having an Honourable Maintenance allowed her The former Two were peremptorily Denied and the Last had never been yielded to but that they were well assured that the Queen would never Accept of it The Queen of Scotland's Proposals were likewise Read desiring them to Appoint certain Judges to take her Marriage with Bothwell into Cognisance That if it did appear Unlawful that it might be accordingly adjudged and annulled The Letter is Debated but no Answer returned only this Concluded That the Queen of England be first Advertised with a Suggestion that this Motion tended only to make way for her Marriage to the Duke of Norfolk wherein her Majesty of England was indeed much concerned A Messenger is dispatched with the Parliaments Resolves concerning both Letters at his Arrival the Queen of England was Offended that they should send so mean and inconsiderable a Person to Treat with Her of so great and important Affairs as the Rights of Princes he