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A08306 Speculum Britanniae. The first parte an historicall, & chorographicall discription of Middlesex. Wherin are also alphabeticallie sett downe, the names of the cyties, townes, parishes hamletes, howses of name &c. W.th direction spedelie to finde anie place desired in the mappe & the distance betwene place and place without compasses. Cum priuilegio. By the trauaile and vew of Iohn Norden. Anno 1593; Speculum Britanniae. Part 1 Norden, John, 1548-1625?; Keere, Pieter van den, ca. 1571-ca. 1624, engraver. 1593 (1593) STC 18635; ESTC S113229 40,877 140

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Britayne And Aegispus saith The Romaines by strength gat another world beyond the Ocean in Britaine far from them Allgis lib. 2. de excid Hier. Ant. Volsc Antonius Volscus affirmeth Peloponesum to be Vltìmum orbem Brìtannìam verò alterum orbem So that it may be saide it standeth in Angulo yet it seemeth not thereof to be called Anglia This our famous BRITANNIA of it selfe another world for the firtilitie and pleasantnes thereof hath been sought for conquered and inhabited of many sundrie nations The first as some dreame were Aborigines such people as the earth it selfe Aborigines without humaine propagation brought foorth who belike followe Ouid Ouid metamor who saith Caetera diuersis tellus animalia formis sponte suo peperit c. But to say that men should spring of the earth since Adam disagreeth from the word of God whereby we learne that God created them male and female to increase multiply to gouerne all other earthly creatures There were a people in Italie Aborigines in Italie and they of very great antiquitie yet not begotten or sprong of the earth but because they were Vagi and Sine laribus wanderers vpon the earth without house or home voide of all ciuilitie because they were vnknowne from whom they descended they were accounted Nullorum filii the children of no fathers as the Romanes who blush not to say they are Deorum filii descended of the Gods Such might be in this land at the Britons ariuall Giants in Englād Britons Ann. mundi 2855 Deut. 1.28 which might bee counted Indigenae Vagi vnciuill and therefore called Giants as were the Anakimes mentioned in the Scripture But to leaue these vnknowne people Yuand Do. Tolos lib. de genel Iapheth Yuandus writeth that our Britannia was inhabited first by Babylonians But it is not to be denied that the Britons whereof soeuer so named were the first that vnder ciuill regiment possessed this land Romanes After them the Romans whom Iulius Caesar first conducted hither after him Claudius the Emperor came into this land with his Romanes about Anno Christi 40. Iulius Caesar Claudius imperat Pictes Scots Beede M. Camden Scots afflict the Britons After the Romanes came the Pictes and Scots out of Scythia as Beede reporteth But M. Camden taketh them to bee Britons which fled into the north parts for feare of the Romanes The Scots possessing the North parts of Britaine Albania nowe Scotland greatly afflicted the Britons of the South who craued aide of the Saxons and they with the Angles ariuing in processe of time subdued the Britons and possessed the lande driuing the Britons into Cambria now Wales into Cornewall and other places of refuge Ann. Dom. 1012. Danes William duke of Normandy with his Normans about the yeere of Christ 430. Then came the Danes and distressed the Saxons neere 200. yeeres Lastlie the Normans vnder the conduct of William duke of Normandie who vnder a pretended title subiected this lande vnto himselfe about the yeere of Christ 1066. by which conquest he is intituled WILLIAM the CONQVEROR who inforced all the inhabitants to sweare vnto him fealtie faith and true allegeaunce and being quietlie setled in his kingdome caused this land to be described and exactly surueied about the 15. yeere of his raigne William Conqueror caused England to be described and surueied Doomes day book wherein he caused to be obserued how many hides of land there were in his kingdome the value of euery hide and who possessed it which suruey resteth in record at Westminster in a booke called Doomes day or the role of Winchester The vsuall account of lande at this day in Englande is by acres yardes carewes hydes knightes fees cantreds baronies and counties Xiphilinus diuideth this land into Britanniam Superiorem Ex Dione England how deuided Inferiorem Ptolomey into Magnam Paruam Sextus Rufus who liued vnder the Emperor Valentinian hath Britanniam primam secundam flauiam and Maximam Caesariensem another part added called Valentia remembred by Marcellinus It was also deuided into Loegria Cambria and Albania called also Caledonia which are nowe England Wales and Scotland It was deuided into seauen kingdomes by the Saxons after into Prouinces Shires or Counties all which were enhabited by people of seuerall names after Ptolomey as may appeere 7. kingdomes of the SAXONS 1. Norþanhymbraric regnū Northumbrorū the kingdome of the Northumbers Northumberland part of SCOTLAND Brigantes Westmerland Cumberland The Bish of Durham or Dunelm Yorkeshire Lancashire 2. Myrcnaric regnum Merciorum the kingdome of Mercia Cornaui Cheshire Shropshire Staffordshire Warwickeshire Worcestershire Coritani Nottinghamshire Lincolneshire Northamptonshire Rutlandshire Leicestershire Derbishire Dobuni Glocestershire Oxfordshire Catticuchlani Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire Part of Hartfordshire Herefordshire part of the Silures Huntingdonshire part of the ICENI 3. ƿestseaxnaric occiduorum Saxonum regnum the kingdome of West Saxons Atrebatii Berkeshire Hamshire Belgae Wiltshire Somersetshire Durotriges Dorsetshire Dammonii Deuonshire Cornewall 4. Suþscaxnaric Australiū Saxonum regnum the kingdome of South Saxons Regni Sussex Surrey 5. Centric regnum Cantiorum the kingdom of Kent Cantii Kent 6. Eastanglaric regnū orientaliū Anglorū the kingdō of East Angles Icen● Norfolke Suffolke Cambridgeshire The I le of Elie. 7. Eastscaxnaric regnum orien Saxonum the kingdom of East Saxons Trinobantes Essex Middlesex and part of HERTFORDSHIRE These seauen kingdomes containe 39. shires which are deuided into 22. Bushoprikes in England Bishopricks namely Caunterbury Rochester Londō Chichester Winchester Salisburie Exceter Bath Wels Worcester Glocester Heveforde Couentrie Lichfield Lincolne Elie Norwich Oxford Peterborrough Bristow in number 18. vnder the Archb. of Caunterburie Primate of England Yorke Durham Chester and Carelyle 4. vnder the Archbishop of Yorke Cambria Wales CAMBRIA WALES inhabited by the Britƿea las or WALLI BRITANNI is deuided into 13. shires Ordouices Flintshire Denbigh Mongomery Merioneth Caernaruan Silures Radnor Brecknocke Glamorgan Monmouth Dimaetae Caermarthen Penbroke Gardigan Mona Anglesey The former Heptarchie or Countrie of 7. kingdomes The Heptarchie now a Monarchy nowe a Monarchie most happely gouerned by the sole Empres thereof most renowmed Queene ELIZABETH was deuided into the former prouinces Aluredus deuided the shires of England H. 8. of Wales shieres or counties by ALVREDVS the fourth sonne of ADOLPHVS brother to ETHELDRED who raigned in the yeere of Christ 872. But Cambria now Wales was distinguished by shieres by the famous king HENRY the eight all which shieres were deuided into certain parts which the Saxons called ðrihingaf which we cal leþs or lathes Shires deuided in ðrihingaf or leþs Ridings these deuisions are yet in Kent and Yorkeshire at this day is diuided into Rydings which may be also called ðrihingaf all which parts conteine in them certain Hundreds in euerie of which was conteined ten teoþunges of vs called Tithings conteining ten men Hundreds wherof it was called also tienmentale a colledge
S. Mary B. S. Swythyn in Candlewikestreet S. Stephen in Walbrooke S. Mary Woulchurch in the Poultrie S. Syth in Bucklersbury Candlewikestreete warde S. Martyn Orgor S. Clement S. Michael in Croked lane S. Mary Abchurch Langburne warde Alhallowes Stains in Lumbarestreet S. Gabriell S. Dionis in Fanchurch streete S. Edmond S. Nicholas Acon S. Mary Wolnoth in Lumbare streete Algate ward S. Androwes Vndershaft S. Katherines by Christeschurch S. Katherin Colman Port Sowkin warde S. Botolph without Algate Lymestreete warde S. Mary Na●● Bushopes gate warde S. Botolph at the gate S. Alborgth Alhallowes within S. Helines Cornehill warde S. Michaell S. Peter Brodestreete warde S. Martyn Outwich S. Bennet Finck S. Bartholmew the little S. Christopher S. Peter the poore S. Alhallowes on the wall Colmanstreet ward S. Sthephen S. Olafe in the Iurie S. Margares in Lothburie Cheape warde S. Laurence in the Iurie S. Marie Bow Alhallowes in hony lane S. Marie of Colchurch S. Myldreds in the Pultrie S. Bennes Shorehog S. Martyn Poniers S. Martyn in Iremonger lane S. Maryes S. Marie or Aldermarie S. Anceline S. Pancras Queenehyth warde S. Mychaell S. Mary Somerset S. Mary Mowthaw S. Nicholas Olafe S. Nicholas colde Abbey S. Peter Bredstreete warde Alhallowes in Bredstreete S. Myldred S. Mathie S. Io. Euangelist S. Augustine at Paules gate S. Margaret Moyses S. Botolph S. Margaret in Friday streete Vintry warde S. Martyn S. Mychaell Colledge S. Thomas Apostole S. Iames on Garlikehyth Trinitie in Knightriderstreete Beynerdeastle warde S. andrew S. Bennet S. George S. Mary Magdelene in old fishstreete The warde of Farringdon infrá S. Euan. S. Nùholas in the Fleshshambles S. Faithes in Paules S. Martyn within Ludgate S. Mychaell at Querns S. Fauster in Fauster lane S. Peter at the crosse of Cheape S. Gregory in Paules Churchyarde S. Genyn within S. Martin le graunde The warde of Farringdon extra S. Dunstane S. Bride S. Androw in Holborne S. Pulcher without Newgate aldresgatestreet warde S. Botolph without Aldresgate S. Anne S. Iohn Zacharie S. Leonard in Fauster lane S. Marie Staining S. Mathew in siluer streete Bassinghall warde S. Mychaell Creplegate warde S. Mary Magdelene S. Marie in Aldermanburie S. Michaell in Hogginlane S. Albons in Woodstreete S. Elsinge spittle now a parish church S. Olafe in Syluerstreete S. Gyles without the gate Wardes 25. Parishes 113. Other Churches there are within this Citie not mentioned in the wardes nor vsed as parish Churches whereof the first is Paules Paules buylded a most stately temple builded by Ethelbert king of Kent anno 610. who consecrated the same vnto S. Paule It was afterward augmented by Mauricius bishop of London anno 1107. Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne builded the south crosse I le was there buried anno 1310. It is a Cathedrall Chruch the bishops Sea of London sometime the archbishops Sea but remooued thence to Caunterburie by the meanes of S. Augustine at the request of the Citizens of Caunterbury Paules steeple In the middell of this famous temple is a Tower most artificially raised vpon strong pillers verie admirable to be considered for that the foundation of the same maine Tower can not be deserned in the bodie of the Church and yet ascendeth in great altitude as it were in the center of the church not without curious view to be seene howe it is supported vpon this Tower was raised a Piramis or as we cōmonly terme it as Steeple couered with lead which is saide to haue beene in altitude equall with the church in longitude the height therof is recorded to be 534. foote from the ground which stately piramis or steeple was thrice consumed with fire Paules steeple burned three times first in the yeere of Christ 1087. which was not long after newlie erected and burned againe anno 1444. after that raised and againe consumed with fire by vnknowne meanes the iudgement of God inkindling it in the yeere of Christ 1561. to the terror of the whole Citie remaining as yet wihtout that stately ornament There lieth buried Sebba king of the east Saxons who died anno domini 633. in a coffin of marble with couer of the same his armes these There also lieth buried Etheldred king of England King Etheldred burted the sonne of Edgar who died anno domini 1017. in a coffin of marble with couer of the same There lieth also Iohn surnamed Plantaginet in a stately monument 10. Plantaginet buried artificially raised of white free stone whose stile is thus there recorded Illustrissimus iacet hic Iohannes cognomento Plantaginet Rex Castiliae Legionis Dux Lancastrie Comes Richmondiae Lecestriae Lincolnie Derbiae locum tenens Aquitaniae magnus Senescallus Angliae obiit anno 22. Ric. 2. Annoque Domini 1399. Also there was a Church at the Crotched fryars now conuerted to other vse A Church at Augustine friars founded by Humfrey Bohune E. of H●●tford 1253. A Church called Tho. of Acris neer the great conduct in Cheape founded by Thomas fitz-Theobald in the time of H. 2. who gaue the same Church to the Mercers for a peece of money Rec. E. 3. Anno 19. at the suite of sir Richard Gresham knight and is now vsed for the Mercers hall The Temple within Temple barre The Temple whose founder is not certainely recorded yet some hold it to be that which was called Templum pacis or Concordiae builded by Dunwallo Mulmutius about the yeer of the worldes creation 4748. and therein was buried the same Mulmutius and also Gorbomanus and others Galfr. Mon. But some take the Temple of peace to be that which is now Blackwell-hall There are in this Temple many very auncient monuments of famous men shaped in Marble armed their legges crosse whose names are not to be gathered by any inscription for that time hath worne it out The form of this Temple in the west is made circuler loftely raised with Marble pillers set also circule●ly so that it serueth the students of the house for a walke most necessarie that for a multitude without disturbance of one by the other by reuerting Some say it was founded by the kings templers which were in England about the yeere of Christ 1185. but it seemeth that this Temple is farre more auncient There was annexed vnto the Stilliarde an auncient Church called the Temple also and after the dissolution thereof A temple neere the Stilliarde it was giuen to the students of the Law bearing the name of White hall White hall which belike in regard of the distance from the other houses of Law it was at the length neglected and forsaken which house seemeth to be of the number of the houses of Chauncery in the time of Henry the sixt when Master Fortescue compiled his booke of the Lawes of England wherein he affirmeth that there were in and neere London ten Innes of Chauncery now but eight in which number of ten was accompted this White hall the