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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12471	The true travels, adventures, and observations of Captaine Iohn Smith, in Europe, Asia, Affrica, and America, from anno Domini 1593. to 1629 His accidents and sea-fights in the straights; his service and stratagems of warre in Hungaria, Transilvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia, against the Turks, and Tartars ... After how he was taken prisoner by the Turks, sold for a slave ... and escaped ... Together with a continuation of his generall History of Virginia, Summer-Iles, New England, and their proceedings, since 1624. to this present 1629; as also of the new plantations of the great river of the Amazons, the iles of St. Christopher, Mevis, and Barbados in the West Indies. All written by actuall authours, whose names you shall finde along the history.	Smith, John, 1580-1631.; Cecil, Thomas, fl. 1630, engraver.	1630 (1630)	STC 22796; ESTC S111906	69,204	79

thy Selfe a Souldier true in all parts Thy Armes are deckt with that thy Sword hath wonne Which mallice can't out-weare till day be done For three proud Turks in single fight thou 'st slue Their Heads adorne thy Armes for witnesse true Let Mars and Neptune both with Pregnant wit Extoll thy due deserts He pray for it SALO TANNER THE TRVE TRAVELS ADVENTVRES AND OBSERVATIONS OF CAPTAINE IOHN SMITH in Europe Asia Africke and America beginning about the yeere 1593. and continued to this present 1629. CHAP. I. His Birth Apprentiship Going into France His beginning with ten shillings and three pence His Service in Netherlands His bad passage into Scotland His returne to Willoughby And how he lived in the Woods HE was borne in Willoughby in Lincolne-shire and a Scholler in the two Free-schooles of Alford and Louth His father anciently descended from the ancient Smiths of Crudley in Lancashire his mother from the Rickands at great Heck in York-shire His parents dying when he was about thirteene yeeres of age left him a competent meanes which hee not being capable to manage little regarded his minde being even then set upon brave adventures sould his Satchell bookes and all he had intending secretly to get to Sea but that his fathers death stayed him But now the ●uardians of his estate more regarding it than him he had libertie enough though no meanes to get beyond the Sea About the age of fifteene yeares hee was bound an Apprentice to Mr. Thomas Sendall of Linne the greatest Merchant of all those parts but because hee would not presently send him to Sea he never saw his master in eight yeeres after At last he ●ound meanes to attend Mr. Perigrine Barty into France second sonne to the Right Honourable Perigrine that generous Lord Willoughby and famous Souldier where comming to his brother Robert then at Orleans now Earle of Linsey and Lord great Chamberlaine of England being then but little youths under Tuto●age his service being needlesse within a moneth or six weekes they sent him backe againe to his friends who when he came from London they liberally gave him but out of his owne estate ten shillings to be rid of him such oft is the share of fatherlesse children but those two Honourable Brethren gave him sufficient to returne for England But it was the least thought of his determination for now being freely at libertie in Paris growing acquainted with one Master David Hume who making some use of his purse gave him Letters to his friends in Scotland to preferre him to King Iames. Arriving at Roane he better bethinkes himselfe seeing his money neere spent downe the River he went to Haver de grace where he first began to learne the life of a souldier Peace being concluded in France he went with Captaine Ioseph Duxbury into the Low-countries under whose Colours having served three or foure yeeres he tooke his journey for Scotland to deliver his Letters At Ancusan he imbarked himselfe for Lethe but as much danger as shipwracke and sicknesse could endure hee had at the holy I le in Northumberland neere Barwicke being recovered into Scotland he went to deliver his Letters After much kinde usage amongst those honest Scots at Ripweth and Broxmoth but neither money nor meanes to make him a Courtier he returned to Willoughby in Lincolne-shire where within a short time being glutted with too much company wherein he took small delight he retired himselfe into a little wooddie pasture a good way from any towne invironed with many hundred Acres of other woods Here by a faire brook he built a Pavillion of boughes where only in his cloaths he lay His studie was Machiavills Art of warre and Marcus Aurelius his exercise a good horse with his lance and Ring his food was thought to be more of venison than any thing else what he wanted his man brought him The countrey wondering at such an Hermite His friends perswaded one Seignior Theadora Polaloga Rider to Henry Earle of Lincolne an excellent Horse-man and a noble Italian Gentleman to insinuate into his wooddish acquaintances whose Languages and good discourse and exercise of riding drew him to stay with him at Tattersall Long these pleasures could not content him but hee returned againe to the Low-Countreyes Chap II. The notable villany of foure French Gallants and his revenge Smith throwne over-board Captaine La Roche of Saint Malo releeves him THus when France and Netherlands had taught him to ride a Horse and use his Armes with such rudiments of warre as his tender yeeres in those martiall Schooles could attaine unto he was desirous to see more of the world and trie his fortune against the Turkes both lamenting and repenting to have seene so many Christians slaughter one another Opportunitie casting him into the company of foure French Gallants well attended faining to him the one to be a great Lord the rest his Gentlemen and that they were all devoted that way over-perswaded him to goe with them into France to the Dutchesse of Mercury from whom they should not only have meanes but also Letters of favour to her noble Duke then Generall for the Emperour Rodolphus in Hungary which he did with such ill weather as winter affordeth in the darke night they arrived in the broad shallow In-let of Saint Va●leries sur Some in Picardie his French Lord knowing he had good apparell and better furnished with money than themselves so plotted with the Master of the ship to set his and their owne trunckes a shore leaving Smith aboard till the boat could returne which was the next day after towards evening the reason hee alleaged was the sea went so high hee could come no sooner and that his Lord was gone to Amiens where they would stay his comming which treacherous villany when divers other souldiers and passengers understood they had like to have slaine the Master and had they knowne how would have runne away with the ship Comming on shore hee had but one Carralue was forced to sell his cloake to pay for his passage One of the souldiers called Curzianvere compassionating his injury assured him this great Lord Depreau was only the sonne of a Lawyer of Mortaigne in base Britany and his Attendants Cursell La Nelie and Monferrat three young citizens as arrant cheats as himselfe but if he would accompany him he would bring him to their friends but in the interim supplied his wants thus travelling by Deepe Codebeck Humphla Pount-demer in Normandie they came to Cane in base Normandie where both this noble Curzianvere and the great Prior of the great Abbey of S. Steven where is the ruinous Tombe of William the Conquerour and many other of his friends kindly welcomed him and brought him to Mortaigne where hee found Depreau and the rest but to small purpose for Mr. Curzianvere was a banished man and durst not be seene but to his friends yet the bruit of their cosenage occasioned the Lady Collumber the Baron Larshan the Lord Shasghe

THE TRUE TRAVELS ADVENTVRES AND OBSERVATIONS OF Captaine IOHN SMITH In Europe Asia Affrica and America from Anno Domini 1593. to 1629. His Accidents and Sea-fights in the Straights his Service and Stratagems of warre in Hungaria Transilvania Wallachia and Moldavia against the Turks and Tartars his three single combats betwixt the Christian Armie and the Turkes After how he was taken prisoner by the Turks sold for a Slave sent into Tartaria his description of the Tartars their strange manners and customes of Religions Diets Buildings Warres Feasts Ceremonies and Living how hee slew the Bashaw of Nalbrits in Cambia and escaped from the Turkes and Tartars Together with a continuation of his generall History of Virginia Summer-Iles New England and their proceedings since 1624. to this present 1629 as also of the new Plantations of the great River of the Amazons the Iles of St. Christopher Mevis and Barbados in the West Indies All written by actuall Authours whose names you shall finde along the History LONDON Printed by J. H. for Thomas Slater and are to bee sold at the Blew Bible in Greene Arbour 1630. TO THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE William EARLE OF PEMBROKE Lord Steward of his Majesties most Honourable Houshold Robert EARLE OF LINDSEY Great Chamberlaine of ENGLAND Henrie Lord Hunsdon Vicount Rochford Earle of Dover And all your Honourable Friends and Well-willers My Lords SIR Robert Cotton that most learned Treasurer of Antiquitie having by perusall of my Generall Historie and others found that I had likewise undergone divers other as hard hazards in the other parts of the world requested me to fix the whole course of my passages in a booke by it selfe whose noble desire I could not but in part satisfie the rather because they have acted my fatall Tragedies upon the Stage and racked my Relations at their pleasure To prevent therefore all future misprisions I have compiled this true discourse Envie hath taxed me to have writ too much and done too little but that such should know how little I esteeme them I have writ this more for the satisfaction of my friends and all generous and well disposed Readers To speake only of my selfe were intolerable ingratitude because having had so many co-partners with me I cannot make a Monument for my selfe and leave them unburied in the fields whose lives begot me the title of a Souldier for as they were companions with me in my dangers so shall they be partakers with me in this Tombe For my Sea Grammar caused to bee printed by my worthy friend Sir Samuel Saltonstall hath found such good entertainment abroad that I have beene importuned by many noble persons to let this also passe the Presse Many of the most eminent Warriers and others what their swords did their penns writ Though I bee never so much their inferiour yet I hold it no great errour to follow good examples nor repine at them will doe the like And now my most Honourable good Lords I know not to whom I may better present it than to your Lordships whose friendships as I conceive are as much to each others as my duty is to you all and because you are acquainted both with my endevours and writings I doubt not but your honours will as well accept of this as of the rest and Patronize it under the shadow of your most noble vertues which I am ever bound in all duty to reverence and under which I hope to have shelter against all stormes that dare threaten Your Honours to be commanded IOHN SMITH The Contents of the severall Chapters CHAP. I. HIs birth apprentiship going into France his beginning with ten shillings and three pence his service in Netherlands his bad passage into Scotland his returne to Willoughby and how he lived in the woods page 1. Chap. 2. The notable villany of foure French Gallants and his revenge Smith throwne over-boord Captaine La Roche of Saint Malo releeves him 3. Chap. 3. A desperate Sea-sight in the Straights his passage to Rome Naples and the view of Italy 5. Chap. 4. The Siege of Olumpagh an excellent stratagem by Smith another not much worse 6. Chap. 5. The siege of Stowlle-Wesenburg the effects of Smiths Fire-workers a worthy exploit of the Earle Rosworme Earle Meldritch takes the Bashaw prisoner 8. Chap. 6. A brave encounter of the Turks armie with the Christians Duke Mercury overthroweth Assan Bashaw He divides the Christian armie his noblenesse and death 9. Chap. 7. The unhappy siege of Caniza Earle Meldritch serveth Prince Sigismundus Prince Moyses besiegeth Regall Smiths three single combats 11. Chap. 8. Georgio Busca an Albane his ingratitude to Prince Sigismundus Prince Moyses his Lieutenant is overthrowne by Busca Generall for the Emperour Rodulphus Smiths Patent from Sigismundus and reward 14. Chap. 9. Sigismundus sends Ambassadours unto the Emperour the conditions re-assured he yeeldeth up all to Busca and returneth to Prague 18. Chap. 10. The Battell of Rottenton a pretty stratagem of fire-workes by Smith 20. Chap. 11. The names of the English that were slaine in the battle of Rottenton and how Captaine Smith was taken prisoner and sold for a slave 21. Chap. 12. How Captaine Smith was sent prisoner thorow the Blacke and Dissabacca Sea in Tartaria the description of those Seas and his usage 23. Chap. 13. The Turks diet the Slaves diet the attire of the Tartars and manner of Warres and Religions c. 24. Chap. 14. The description of the Crym-Tartars their houses and carts their idolatry in their lodgings 26. Chap. 15. Their feasts common diet Princes estate buildings lawes slaves entertainment of Ambassadours 27. Chap. 16. How be levieth an Armie their Armes and Provision how he divideth the spoile and his service to the Great Turke 29. Chap. 17. How Captaine Smith escaped his captivity slew the Bashaw of Nalbrits in Cambia his passage to Russia Transilvania and the middest of Europe to Affrica 31. Chap. 18. The observations of Captaine Smith Mr. Henry Archer and others in Barbary 34. Chap. 19. The strange discoveries and observations of the Portugals in Affrica 37. Chap. 20. A brave Sea-fight betwixt two Spanish men of warre and Captaine Merham with Smith 39. Chap. 21. The continuation of the generall History of Virginia the Summer Iles and New England with their present estate from 1624. to this present 1629. 41. Chap. 22. The proceedings and present estate of the Summer Iles from An. Dom. 1624. to this present 1629. 45. Chap. 23. The proceedings and present estate of New England since 1624. to this present 1629. 46. Chap. 24. A briefe discourse of divers voyages made unto the goodly Country of Guiana and the great River of the Amazons relating also the present Plantation there 48. Chap. 25. The beginning and proceedings of the new plantation of St. Christopher by Captaine Warner 51. Chap. 26. The first planting of the Barbados 55. Chap. 27. The first plantation of the I le of Mevis 56. Chap. 28. The bad life qualities and conditions of Pyrats

England There are above thirtie faire rivers that fall into the Sea betweene the River of Amazons and Oranoca which are some nine degrees asunder In the yeare 1605. Captaine Ley brother to that noble Knight S●r Oliver Ley with divers others planted himselfe in the River Weapoco wherein I should have beene a partie but hee dyed and there lyes ●urie● and the supply miscarrying the rest escaped as they could S●r Thomas Roe well k●ow●n to be a most noble Gentleman before he went Lord Ambassadour to the Great Mogoll or the Great Turke spent a yeare or two upon this Coast and about the River of the Amazones wherein he most imployed Captaine Matthew Morton an expert Sea-man in the discoverie of this famous River a Gentleman that was the first shot and mortally supposed wounded to death with me in Virginia yet si●ce h●th beene twice with command in the East Indies Also Captaine William White and divers others worthy and industrious Gentlemen both before and since hath spent much time and charge to discover it more perfitly but nothing more effected for a Plantation t●●●ic was undertaken by Captaine Robert Harcote 1609. This worthy Gentleman after he had by Commission made a discoverie to his minde left his brother Michael Harcote with some fiftie or sixtie m●n in the River Weapoco and so presently returned to England where he obtained by the favour of Prince Henrie a large Patent for all that Coast called Guiana together with the famous River of Amazones to him and his heires but so many troubles here surprized him though he did his best to supply them he was not able only some few hee sent over as passengers with certaine Du●ch-men but to small purpose Thus this businesse lay dead for divers yeeres till Sir Walter Rauleigh accompanied with many valiant Souldiers and brave Gentlemen went his last voyage to Guiana amongst the which was Captaine Roger North brother to the Right Honourable the Lord Dudley North who upon this voyage having stayed and seene divers Rivers upon this Coast tooke such a liking to those Countreyes having had before this voyage more perf●ct and particular information of the excellencie of the great River of the Amazones above any of the rest by certaine Englishmen returned so rich from thence in good commodities they would not goe with Sir Walter Rauleigh in search of gold that after his returne for England he end●voured by his best abilities to interest his Countrey and st●te in those f●re Regions which by the way of Lette●s Patents unto divers Noblemen and Gentlemen of qualitie erected into a company and perpetu●tie for trade and plantation not knowing of the Interest of Captaine Harcote Where upon accompanied with 120. Gentlemen and others with a ship a pi●nace and two sh●llops to remaine in the Countrey hee set saile from Plimouth the last of April 1620 and within seven weekes after hee arrived well in the Amazones only with the losse of one old man some hundred leagues they ran up the River to settle his men where the sight of the Countrey and people so contented them that never men thought themselves more happie Some English and Irish that had lived there some eight yeeres on●y supplyed by the Dutch hee reduced to his company and to leave the Dutch having made a good voyage to the value of more than the charge he returned to Englangd with divers good commodities besides Tobacco So that it may well be conceived that if this action had not beene thus crossed the Ge●eralitie of England had by this time beene wonne and encouraged therein But the time was not yet come that God would have this great businesse effected by reason of the great power the Lord Gundamore Amb●ssadour for the King of Spaine had in England to crosse and ruine those proceedings and so unfortunate Captaine North was in this businesse hee was twice committed prisoner to the Tower and the goods detained till they were spoiled who beyond all others was by much the greatest Adventurer and Loser Notwithstanding all this those that he had left in the Amazons would not abandon the Countrey Captaine Thomas Painton a worthy Gentleman his Lieutenant dead Captaine Charles Parker brother to the Right Honourable the Lord Morley lived there six yeares after Mr. Iohn Christmas five yeares so well they would not returne although they might with divers ether Gentle-men of qualitie and others all thus destitute of any supplyes from England But all authoritie being d●ssolved want of government did more wrong their proceedings than all other crosses whatsoever Some releefe they had sometime from the Dutch who knowing their estates gave what they pleased and tooke what they list Two brothers Gentlemen Thomas and William Hixon who stayed three yeares there are now gone to stay in the Amazons in the ships lately sent thither The businesse thus remaining in this sort three private men left of that Company named Mr Thomas Warriner Iohn Rhodes and Robert Bims having lived there about two yeares came for England and to be free from the disorders that did grow in the Amazons for want of Government amongst their Countrey-men and to be quiet amongst themselves made meanes to set themselves out for St. Christophers their whole number being but fifteene persons that payed for their passage in a ship going for Virginia where they remained a yeare before they were supplyed and then that was but foure or five men Thus this I le by this small beginning having no interruption by their owne Countrey hath now got the start of the Continent and maine Land of Guiana which hath beene layd apart and let alone untill that Captaine North ever watching his best opportunitie and advantage of time in the state hath now againe pursued and set on foot his former designe Captaine Harco●e being now willing to surrender his grant and to joyne with Captaine North in passing a new Patent and to erect a company for trade and plantation in the Amazons and all the Coast and Countrey of Guiana for ever Whereupon they have sent this present yeare in Ianuarie and since 1628. foure ships with neere two hundred persons the first ship with 112. men not one miscarried that rest went since not yet heard of and are preparing another with their best expedition and since Ianuarie is gone from Holland 100. English and Irish conducted by the old Planters This great River lieth under the Line the two chiefe head lands North and South are about three degrees asunder the mouth of it is so full of many great and small Iles it is an easie matter for an unexperienced Pilot to lose his way It is held one of the greatest rivers in America and as most men thinke in the world and commeth downe with such a fresh it maketh the Sea fresh more than thirtie miles from the shore Captaine North having seated his men about an hundred leagues in the Maine sent Captaine William White with th●rtie Gentlemen

England by Master Merifield who brought him from thence and bringeth him up as his owne children It lyeth seventeene degrees Northward of the line about an hundred and twenty leagues from the Cape de tres Puntas the neerest maine land in America it is about eight leagues in length and foure in bredth an Iland amongst 100. Iles in the West Indies called the Caribes where ordinarily all them that frequent the West Indies refresh themselves those most of them are rocky little and mountainous yet frequented with the Canibals many of them inhabited as Saint Domingo Saint Mattalin Saint Lucia Saint Vincent Granada and Margarita to the Southward Northward none but Saint Christophers and it but lat●ly yet they will be ranging Marigalanta Guardalupo Deceado Monserat Antigua Mevis Bernardo Saint Martin and Saint Bartholomew but the worst of the foure Iles possessed by the Spanyard as Portorico or Iamica is better than them all as for Hispaniola and Cuba they are worthy the title of two rich Kingdomes the rest not respected by the Spanyards for want of harbors and their better choice of good land and profit in the maine But Captaine Warner having beene very familiar with Captaine Painton in the Amazon hearing his information of this St. Christophers and having made a yeares tryall as it is said returned for England ioyning with Master Merifield and his friends got Letters Pattents from King Iames to plant and possesse it Since then the Right Honourable the Earle of Carlile hath got Letters Pattents also not only of that but all the Caribes Iles about it who is now chiefe Lord of them and the English his tenants that doe possesse them over whom he appointeth such Governours and Officers as their affaires require and although there be a great custome imposed upon them considering their other charges both to feed and maintaine themselves yet there is there and now a going neere upon the number of three thousand people where by reason of the rockinesse and thicknesse of the woods in the I le it is difficult to passe and such a snuffe of the Sea goeth on the shore ten m●y better defend than fifty assault In this I le are many springs but yet water is scarce againe in many places the valleyes and sides of the hills very fertile but the mountaines harsh and of a sulphurous composition all overgrowne with Palmetas Cotten trees Lignum vitae and divers other sorts but none like any in Christendome except those carried thither the aire very pleasant and healthfull but exceeding ●ot yet so tempered with coole breaths it seemes very temperate to them that are a little used to it the trees being alwaies greene the daies and nights alwayes very neere equall in length alwayes Summer only they have in their seasons great gusts and raines and somtimes a Hericano which is an overgrowne and a most violent storme In some of those Iles are cattell goats and hogges but here none but what they must carry Gwanes they have which is a little harmelesse beast like a Crokadell or Aligator very fat and good meat she layes egges in the sand as doth the land Crabs which live here in abundance like Conies in Boroughs unlesse about May when they come downe to the Sea side to lay in the sand as the other and all their egges are hatched by the heat of the Sunne From May to September they have good store of Tortasses that come out of the Sea to lay their egges in the sand and are hatched as the other they will lay halfe a pecke at a time and neere a bushell ere they have done and are round like Tenis-balls this fish is like veale in taste the fat of a brownish colour very good and wholsome We seeke them in the nights where we finde them on shore we turne them upon their backs till the next day we fetch them home for they can never returne themselves being so hard a cart may goe over them and so bigge one will suffice forty or fifty men to dinner Divers sorts of other fish they have in abundance and Prawnes most great and excellent but none will keepe sweet scarce twelve houres The best and greatest is a Passer Flaminga which walking at her length is as tall as a man Pigeons and Turtle Doves in abundance some Parrots wilde Hawkes but divers other sorts of good Sea fowle whose names we know not Cassado is a root planted in the ground of a wonderfull increase and will make very good white bread but the Iuyce ranke poyson yet boyled better than wine Potatos Cabbages and Radish plenty Mayes like the Virginia wheat we have Pine-apples neere so bigge as an Hartichocke but the most daintiest taste of any fruit Plantnais an excellent and a most increasing fruit Apples Prickell Peares and Pease but differing all from ours There is Pepper that groweth in a little red huske as bigge as a Walnut about foure inches in length but the long cods are small and much stronger and better for use than that from the East Indies There is two sorts of Cotten the silke Cotten as in the East Indies groweth upon a small stalke as good for beds as downe the other upon a shrub and beareth a cod bigger than a Walnut full of Cotten wooll Anotto also groweth upon a shrub with a cod like the other and nine or ten on a bunch full of Anotto very good for Dyers though wilde Sugar Canes not tame 4. or 5. foot high also Mast●cke and Locus trees g●eat and hard timber Gourds Muske Melons Water Melons Lettice P●rsly all places naturally beare pursl●ine of it selfe Sope-berries like a Musket bullet that washeth as white as Sope in the middle of the root is a thing like a sedge a very good f●uit we call Pengromes a Pappaw is as great as an apple coloured like an Orange and good to eat a small hard nut like a hazell nut growes close to the ground and like this growes on the Palmetas which we call a Mucca nut Mustard-seed will grow to a great tree but beares no seed yet the leaves will make good mustard the Mancinell tree the fruit is poyson good figs in abundance but the Palmeta serveth to build Forts and houses the leaves to cover them and many other uses the iuyce we draw from them till we sucke them to death is held restorative and the top for meat doth serve us as Cabbage but oft we want poudered Beefe and Bacon and many other needfull necessaries by Thomas Simons Rowland Grascocke Nicholas Burgh and others CHAP. XXVI The first planting of the Barbados THe Barbados lies South-west and by South an hundred leagues from Saint Christophers threescore leagues West and South from Trinidado and some fourescore leagues from Cape de Salinos the next part of the maine The first planters brought thither by Captaine Henry Powel were forty English with seven or eight Negros then he went to Disacuba in the maine where