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and_o the_o
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fortifieng_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n his_o navy_n which_o be_v guide_v by_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n anchor_v in_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o put_v on_o land_n the_o soldier_n which_o spoil_v two_o church_n and_o a_o little_a of_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o but_o as_o they_o return_v unto_o their_o ship_n all_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o will_v set_v upon_o they_o and_o kill_v they_o all_o so_o that_o none_o of_o those_o which_o rob_v within_o the_o will_v bring_v tiding_n how_o they_o speed_v then_o the_o shipman_n see_v that_o like_v not_o their_o lodging_n there_o but_o weigh_v up_o anchor_n and_o go_v away_o to_o chester_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n upon_o condition_n that_o cadwallader_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n again_o and_o his_o brother_n shall_v be_v his_o friend_n then_o the_o king_n leave_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o basywerke_n well_o fortify_v and_o man_v after_o he_o have_v build_v a_o house_n thereby_o for_o the_o templars_n return_v to_o england_n at_o that_o time_n also_o jorwerth_n goch_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o yale_n and_o burn_v it_o the_o year_n follow_v morgan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n be_v traitorous_o slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o ivor_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n with_o who_o die_v the_o best_a poet_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n of_o his_o time_n call_v gurgan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o his_o brother_n jorwerth_n get_v the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_n and_o the_o land_n of_o owen_n then_o the_o king_n make_v peace_n with_o all_o the_o prince_n &_o lord_n of_o wales_n except_z rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n which_o rees_n fear_v the_o king_n power_n cause_v his_o people_n to_o remove_v their_o cattle_n &_o good_n to_o the_o wilderness_n of_o tywy_a and_o he_o still_o make_v war_n against_o the_o
will_n of_o the_o people_n all_o his_o land_n save_v two_o castle_n aberteivi_fw-la and_o stratmeyric_n which_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n have_v wrongful_o take_v from_o he_o then_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n fear_v his_o displeasure_n take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n before_o noble_a and_o religious_a man_n which_o be_v about_o to_o make_v peace_n betwixt_o they_o that_o if_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_n will_v give_v he_o pledge_n for_o the_o assurance_n of_o his_o own_o person_n he_o will_v deliver_v he_o by_o a_o day_n the_o castle_n of_o aberteivi_fw-la whereupon_o gruffyth_n do_v so_o but_o assoon_o as_o maelgon_n get_v the_o pledge_n he_o fortify_v the_o castle_n &_o man_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o send_v the_o pledge_n to_o gwenwynwyn_n who_o hate_v gruffyth_n to_o the_o death_n there_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o prison_n but_o short_o after_o by_o god_n help_n they_o break_v the_o prison_n &_o escape_v home_o in_o the_o year_n 1199._o 1199_o maelgon_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dynerth_n and_o get_v it_o slay_v all_o the_o garrison_n which_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_v have_v leave_v to_o defend_v it_o but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n gruffyth_v wan_a the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n and_o fortify_v it_o 75._o this_o year_n as_o king_n richard_n do_v view_v the_o castle_n of_o chaleus_n in_o the_o country_n of_o lenuoyle_n he_o be_v strike_v with_o a_o quarrel_n and_o sore_o wound_v whereof_o he_o die_v the_o nine_o of_o april_n and_o leave_v by_o his_o testament_n john_n his_o brother_n inheritor_n of_o all_o his_o land_n have_v no_o respect_n to_o his_o brother_n geoffrey_n son_n arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o elder_a brother_n be_v his_o right_a heir_n 92._o then_o this_o john_n surname_v without_o land_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o england_n with_o great_a triumph_n wherefore_o the_o french_a king_n forth_o with_o make_v war_n against_o he_o to_o who_o arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n cleave_v think_v thereby_o to_o obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n also_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n by_o mean_n of_o hugh_n bygod_n come_v to_o york_n and_o open_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o year_n after_o gruffyth_o son_n to_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n a_o noble_a man_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o monk_n cowl_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwy_n lhoyd_n and_o so_o be_v all_o the_o noble_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o time_n bury_v for_o they_o be_v make_v to_o believe_v by_o the_o monk_n and_o friar_n that_o that_o strange_a weed_n be_v a_o sure_a defence_n betwixt_o their_o soul_n and_o hell_n how_o so_o ever_o they_o die_v and_o all_o this_o baggage_n and_o superstition_n receive_v they_o with_o monk_n and_o friar_n a_o few_o year_n before_o that_o out_o of_o england_n for_o the_o first_o abbey_n or_o friar_n house_n that_o we_o read_v of_o in_o wales_n since_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o noble_a house_n of_o bangor_n which_o savor_v not_o of_o romish_a dregs_n be_v the_o tuy_n gwyn_n build_v the_o year_n 1146._o and_o after_o they_o swarm_v like_o bee_n through_o all_o the_o country_n for_o then_o the_o clergy_n have_v forget_v the_o lesson_n that_o they_o have_v receive_v of_o the_o noble_a clerk_n ambrose_n telesinus_n who_o write_v in_o the_o year_n 540._o when_v the_o right_a christian_a faith_n which_o joseph_n of_o aremathia_n teach_v at_o the_o will_v of_o aualon_n reign_v in_o this_o land_n before_o the_o proud_a and_o bloodthirsty_a moonke_v augustine_n infect_v it_o with_o his_o romish_a doctrine_n in_o a_o certain_a ode_n have_v these_o verse_n corrupt_a gwae'r_o offeiriad_v bid_v nys_n angreifftia_fw-la gwyd_fw-la ac_fw-la ny_fw-fr phregetha_fw-mi gwae_fw-la ny_fw-fr cheidw_fw-mi i_fw-mi gail_v ac_fw-la of_o yn_a vigail_n ac_fw-la ny_n areilia_fw-la gwae_fw-la ny_fw-fr theidw_fw-mi i_fw-mi dhevay_v rhae_n bleidhie_a rhufeniaid_a a'i_n ffon_n gnwppa_fw-la which_o may_v thus_o be_v english_v almost_o word_n for_o word_n woe_n be_v to_o that_o priest_n bear_v that_o will_v not_o cleanly_a weed_n his_o corn_n and_o preach_v his_o charge_n among_o woe_n be_v to_o that_o shepherd_n i_o say_v that_o will_v not_o watch_v his_o fold_n always_o as_o to_o his_o office_n do_v belong_v woe_n be_v to_o he_o that_o do_v not_o keep_v from_o romish_a wolf_n his_o sheep_n with_o staff_n and_o weapon_n strong_a and_o because_o no_o man_n shall_v doubt_v of_o they_o i_o have_v set_v they_o here_o as_o they_o be_v write_v by_o he_o that_o make_v they_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o briton_n the_o first_o inhabiter_n of_o this_o realm_n do_v abhor_v the_o romish_a doctrine_n teach_v in_o that_o time_n which_o doctrine_n i_o be_o sure_a be_v little_o amend_v now_o in_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o may_v be_v to_o we_o a_o mirror_n to_o see_v our_o own_o folly_n if_o we_o do_v degenerate_a from_o our_o forefather_n the_o ancient_a briton_n in_o the_o sincerity_n of_o true_a religion_n as_o we_o do_v in_o other_o thing_n this_o year_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n see_v he_o can_v not_o well_o keep_v aberteivi_fw-la of_o very_a spite_n to_o his_o brother_n and_o hatred_n to_o his_o country_n sell_v it_o to_o the_o englishman_n for_o a_o small_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v the_o key_n and_o lock_n of_o all_o wales_n the_o same_o year_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfild_n do_v build_v the_o abbey_n of_o lhanegwest_n call_v in_o english_a common_o vale_n crucis_fw-la this_o year_n also_o king_n john_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o french_a king_n and_o arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n his_o nephew_n 78._o and_o marry_v isabel_n daughter_n and_o heir_n unto_o the_o earl_n of_o angolisme_n which_o be_v before_o assure_v unto_o hugh_n de_fw-fr brune_n uicount_n of_o carce_o wherefore_o the_o say_v hugh_n forsake_v king_n john_n and_o become_v his_o enemy_n this_o hugh_n brune_n earl_n of_o march_n and_o turyn_n have_v this_o isabel_n to_o wife_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n william_n de_fw-fr valence_n who_o in_o the_o right_n of_o jone_n his_o wife_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o warren_n montchensey_n and_o of_o jone_n the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o william_n earl_n martial_n and_o pembroke_n be_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n as_o in_o this_o history_n hereafter_o do_v appear_v the_o year_n 1201._o 1201_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n be_v a_o lusty_a young_a man_n banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n his_o cousin_n meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n suspect_v of_o treason_n and_o seize_v the_o cantref_o of_o lhyyn_n and_o euyonyth_n to_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o be_v conans_fw-la land_n then_o short_o after_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n rees_n be_v slay_v at_o carnwilhion_n by_o treason_n who_o elder_a brother_n gruffyth_v seize_v upon_o his_o castle_n in_o lhanymdhyfri_n and_o all_o his_o land_n this_o gruffyth_n be_v a_o wise_a and_o discreet_a gentleman_n and_o one_o that_o be_v like_a to_o bring_v all_o southwales_n to_o good_a order_n and_o obedience_n who_o in_o all_o thing_n follow_v his_o father_n step_n who_o as_o he_o succeed_v in_o government_n so_o he_o do_v in_o all_o martial_a prowess_n and_o nobility_n of_o mind_n but_o cruel_a fortune_n which_o frown_v upon_o that_o country_n suffer_v he_o not_o long_o to_o enjoy_v his_o land_n 1202_o this_o prince_n die_v upon_o s._n james_n day_n ensue_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n with_o great_a solemnity_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v rees_n as_o right_a inheritor_n of_o southwales_n who_o mother_n be_v maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n 78._o also_o this_o year_n die_v arthur_n duke_n of_o britain_n at_o roan_n not_o without_o suspicion_n of_o poison_n minister_v by_o his_o uncle_n mean_n who_o cause_v his_o sister_n elinor_n to_o be_v convey_v to_o england_n and_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o prison_n miserable_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o brystow_n as_o long_o as_o she_o live_v then_o the_o french_a king_n get_v all_o normandy_n save_v roan_n and_o two_o castle_n by_o treason_n of_o the_o normanes_n who_o hate_v john_n to_o the_o death_n the_o next_o year_n after_o that_o certain_a lord_n of_o wales_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o gwerthrynion_n which_o be_v roger_n mortimer_n and_o make_v it_o plain_a with_o the_o ground_n then_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n call_v to_o memory_n his_o estate_n and_o title_n and_o how_o all_o the_o other_o prince_n by_o the_o ordinance_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a and_o after_o by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n aught_o of_o right_a to_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n or_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n as_o their_o liege_n lord_n and_o hold_v
de_fw-fr bruse_n one_o of_o his_o noble_n in_o the_o prince_n prison_n return_v home_o with_o great_a slay_v of_o his_o honour_n the_o name_n also_o which_o hubert_n the_o chief_a justice_n have_v give_v to_o the_o castle_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o building_n call_v it_o hubert_n folly_n huberti_fw-la do_v now_o move_v many_o to_o laugh_v at_o the_o thing_n who_o see_v that_o costly_a and_o sumptuous_a building_n to_o be_v make_v equal_a with_o the_o ground_n say_v that_o hubert_n be_v a_o prophet_n and_o more_o than_o a_o prophet_n thus_o far_o out_o of_o matthew_n paris_n short_o after_o this_o there_o fall_v a_o great_a variance_n between_o the_o king_n and_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n his_o brother_n where_o great_a partake_n be_v on_o either_o side_n these_o lord_n hold_v with_o richard_n randulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n gilbert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n william_n earl_n warren_n henry_n earl_n of_o hereford_n william_n earl_n ferrer_n and_o william_n earl_n of_o warwick_n but_o this_o debate_n be_v soon_o take_v up_o and_o finish_v the_o king_n and_o his_o brother_n be_v make_v friend_n in_o the_o year_n 1230._o 1230_o henry_n make_v a_o journey_n to_o france_n to_o recover_v again_o that_o which_o his_o father_n have_v lose_v 485._o from_o whence_o he_o return_v back_o again_o without_o do_v any_o good_a at_o this_o time_n lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n die_v in_o north-wales_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o conwey_n prince_n lhewhelyn_n cause_v william_n bruse_n to_o be_v hang_v 128._o be_v as_o it_o be_v report_v take_v in_o adultery_n with_o his_o wife_n who_o be_v the_o sister_n of_o king_n henry_n also_o gilbert_n of_o clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n die_v who_o wife_n afterward_o marry_v richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o the_o king_n give_v the_o wardship_n of_o his_o son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n likewise_o maelgon_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n die_v at_o this_o time_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n who_o patrimony_n young_a maelgon_n his_o son_n inherit_v after_o his_o father_n 1231_o the_o year_n ensue_v william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n die_v and_o richard_n his_o brother_n enjoy_v his_o inheritance_n 492._o this_o year_n the_o king_n lead_v a_o great_a army_n to_o wales_n &_o after_o he_o have_v remain_v in_o the_o march_v a_o while_n he_o return_v to_o england_n and_o leave_v hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n earl_n of_o kent_n with_o his_o army_n to_o defend_v the_o march_n &_o he_o by_o spy_n understand_v where_o certain_a welshman_n enter_v the_o march_n to_o spoil_v and_o set_v upon_o they_o by_o mountgomery_n &_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o 131._o then_o the_o prince_n be_v therewith_o sore_o offend_v gather_v a_o army_n and_o to_o revenge_v his_o man_n enter_v the_o march_n with_o fire_n &_o sword_n slay_v all_o that_o withstand_v he_o and_o burn_v the_o castle_n with_o the_o garrison_n without_o mercy_n and_o first_o the_o castle_n of_o mountgomery_n for_o the_o earl_n withdraw_v himself_o for_o fear_n then_o the_o castle_n of_o radnor_n aberhodni_n rayader_n gwy_n &_o so_o he_o go_v through_o gwentland_n to_o caerlhêon_n and_o after_o long_a fight_n and_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o his_o man_n get_v the_o town_n and_o leave_v nothing_o therein_o but_o ash_n the_o like_a he_o do_v with_o the_o castle_n of_o neth_n and_o cydwely_n 492._o therefore_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o prince_n to_o be_v denounce_v accurse_v and_o come_v to_o hereford_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n and_o send_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o noble_n with_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o wales_n who_o use_v the_o direction_n of_o a_o friar_n of_o cymer_n meet_v with_o a_o number_n of_o welshman_n which_o at_o the_o first_o encounter_v flee_v who_o the_o englishman_n follow_v to_o the_o strait_n where_o the_o ambushment_n lay_v which_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o best_a soldier_n and_o the_o rest_n escape_v with_o flee_v 493._o therefore_o the_o king_n will_v have_v burn_v the_o house_n of_o cymer_n but_o the_o prior_n pay_v 300._o mark_n and_o the_o king_n return_v to_o england_n after_o he_o have_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o mawd._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n of_o this_o maelgon_v the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n lay_v siege_n do_v aberteivi_fw-la and_o get_v the_o town_n and_o destroy_v it_o to_o the_o castle_n gate_n slaieng_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o short_o after_o he_o return_v with_o his_o cousin_n owen_n son_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n with_o certain_a of_o the_o prince_n captain_n and_o break_v down_o the_o bridge_n upon_o the_o river_n teivi_fw-la and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n and_o with_o engine_n and_o mine_n throw_v down_o the_o same_o and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o much_o honour_n 502._o the_o next_o year_n to_o this_o prince_n lhewelyn_n enter_v into_o england_n and_o return_v with_o a_o rich_a spoil_n of_o good_n cattle_n and_o man_n therefore_o the_o king_n fease_v a_o subsidy_n to_o subdue_v the_o welshman_n hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n be_v at_o this_o time_n accuse_v upon_o certain_a article_n 507._o and_o commit_v to_o prison_n randulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o lincoln_n die_v the_o same_o year_n and_o john_n his_o sister_n son_n by_o the_o brother_n of_o the_o scottish_a king_n be_v earl_n of_o chester_n after_o he_o 622._o who_o take_v to_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o a_o other_o of_o his_o nephew_n have_v the_o earldom_n of_o lincoln_n also_o ephraim_n bishop_n of_o lhanelwy_n die_v about_o the_o same_o time_n john_n de_fw-fr bruse_n fall_v off_o his_o horse_n his_o foot_n stick_v fast_o in_o the_o sturope_n and_o the_o horse_n tail_n be_v draw_v by_o his_o own_o horse_n till_o he_o die_v miserable_o the_o summer_n follow_v richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o radnor_n which_o the_o prince_n have_v late_o destroy_v short_o after_o that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o brechnock_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n in_o the_o country_n and_o lie_v a_o month_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o brechnock_n but_o yet_o go_v without_o it_o and_o burn_v the_o town_n return_v homeward_o with_o a_o great_a booty_n in_o his_o journey_n by_o the_o way_n he_o burn_v the_o town_n of_o clunn_n and_o recover_v all_o the_o country_n call_v dyffryn_n teveidiat_v which_o be_v of_o the_o possession_n of_o john_n fitzalan_n but_o he_o can_v not_o get_v the_o castle_n 1233_o after_o that_o he_o overthrow_v the_o reddecastell_n in_o powy_n 517._o and_o burn_v the_o town_n of_o oswestree_n and_o so_o come_v home_o about_o this_o time_n richard_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n fall_v at_o debate_n with_o the_o king_n 518._o who_o with_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n that_o break_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o devise_n come_v to_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o the_o prince_n against_o the_o king_n 137._o matthew_z of_o westminster_n do_v write_v that_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n then_o prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o devise_n be_v admonish_v that_o peter_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n purpose_v to_o famish_v he_o in_o the_o say_a castle_n escape_v over_o the_o wall_n and_o take_v sanctuary_n out_o of_o the_o which_o he_o be_v violent_o take_v by_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o castle_n but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o sarum_n within_o who_o diocese_n the_o same_o be_v he_o be_v restore_v again_o to_o the_o sanctuary_n and_o within_o a_o while_n after_o fetch_v away_o by_o a_o power_n of_o arm_a man_n be_v the_o friend_n of_o the_o earl_n martial_n and_o bring_v into_o wales_n where_o he_o join_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n enemy_n then_o the_o earl_n with_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n come_v to_o menevia_fw-la or_o s._n david_n and_o kill_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o king_n servant_n and_o friend_n within_o the_o town_n also_o maelgon_n &_o rees_n gryc_a with_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n join_v with_o they_o who_o in_o that_o voyage_n win_v all_o these_o castle_n caerdyff_fw-mi abergevennie_n pencelhy_a blaynlhefyni_n and_o bwlch_n y_fw-fr dinas_n which_o they_o raze_v all_o save_v caerdyff_fw-mi then_o the_o king_n gather_v a_o wonderful_a great_a army_n aswell_o fleming_n normanes_n and_o gascoine_n as_o englishman_n and_o enter_v wales_n think_v to_o destroy_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o encamp_v at_o grosmont_n where_o the_o earl_n with_o the_o power_n of_o wales_n encamp_v hard_o by_o he_o and_o as_o the_o king_n man_n will_v have_v enter_v further_a they_o be_v meet_v withal_o and_o lose_v 500_o horse_n whereupon_o the_o king_n have_v advise_v to_o return_v home_o and_o so_o he_o do_v after_o who_o departure_n the_o earl_n with_o the_o power_n aforesaid_a lay_n before_o caermardhyn_n three_o
ibidem_fw-la take_v the_o government_n upon_o he_o 299._o excommunicate_v 300._o refuse_v to_o deliver_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o prison_n ibidem_fw-la he_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n 304._o he_o complain_v to_o the_o pope_n upon_o king_n henry_n 308._o make_v the_o principality_n of_o wales_n tributary_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 309._o put_v king_n henry_n army_n to_o flight_n 310._o he_o die_v 313._o david_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi 319._o forsake_v his_o brother_n 326.335.350_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o king_n offer_v 370._o he_o be_v take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n 374._o david_n fitz_n gerald_n bishop_n of_o menevia_fw-la 201.237_o denbigh_n d_o 10._o the_o owner_n of_o it_o sithence_o the_o david_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi 377._o give_v to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n 377._o dial_n rodri_n 38._o dinerth_n 45._o dinevowr_n d_o 6._o and_o 17._o the_o castle_n win_v 269._o donwalhon_n prince_n of_o stratclwyd_n 64._o dyffryn_n clwyd_n d_o 10._o dyganwy_n d_o 10.262.267.326_o parcel_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o y_fw-fr e_o erle_n of_o chester_n d_o 10._o dyvet_n d_o 17._o destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n 65.71_o give_v to_o arnulph_n 154._o then_o to_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n 158._o thirdlie_o to_o saer_n 159._o fourthly_a to_o gerald_n 161.272_o e._n egbert_n king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o saxon_n 25._o he_o enter_v into_o wales_n 24._o he_o change_v the_o name_n of_o britain_n into_o england_n 25._o his_o war_n against_o the_o dane_n 27._o he_o die_v ibidem_fw-la his_o wife_n hate_v the_o briton_n and_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o use_v they_o hardly_o ibidem_fw-la elife_o ap_fw-mi madoc_n 257._o his_o land_n take_v from_o he_o save_v crogen_n and_o 7._o towneship_n ibidem_fw-la edelfle_v 44.47.48_o edgar_z king_n of_o england_n spoil_v north-wales_n 61._o die_v 64._o edmund_n k._n of_o england_n 51._o he_o be_v slay_v 58._o ednyvet_n uachan_n 249.306_o edwal_n yoorch_n 7.9_o edwal_n uoel_n 46._o he_o be_v slay_v 51._o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n 72._o slay_v 73._o edwal_n uachan_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n uoel_n slay_v 65._o edward_n the_o elder_a 43._o he_o take_v london_n and_o oxford_n from_o his_o sister_n 44._o he_o disinherit_v his_o sister_n daughter_n 49._o die_v 50._o edward_n the_o martyr_n 64._o edward_n the_o confessor_n 92._o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n 319_o retire_v 321._o come_v to_o wales_n 326._o go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n 328._o crown_a king_n of_o england_n ibidem_fw-la he_o come_v to_o chester_n 333._o his_o offer_n to_o the_o prince_n 364.365_o his_o offer_n to_o david_n ibidem_fw-la he_o bring_v all_o wales_n to_o his_o subjection_n 374._o he_o give_v the_o land_n of_o the_o welshman_n to_o the_o noble_a man_n of_o england_n 377._o edward_n caernarvon_n 376._o take_v homage_n of_o the_o freeholder_n of_o wales_n 382._o edward_n of_o woodstoke_n 384_o edward_n of_o westminster_n 388._o edward_n of_o westminster_n 389._o edward_n son_n to_o k._n richard_n the_o three_o 390._o edward_n the_o sixth_o 396._o elizabeth_z princess_n 394._o eneon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n 65_o he_o be_v slay_v 66._o eneon_n ap_fw-mi cadivor_fw-la 119._o england_n and_o englishmen_n 25._o drive_v out_o of_o the_o country_n of_o senghennyth_n 279._o they_o do_v oppress_v the_o welshman_n 337._o easter_n not_o keep_v by_o y_z e_z britain_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n 17.18_o esylht_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o conan_n d_o 16.22.24_o ethelwulphs_n genelogie_n 29._o he_o be_v bishop_n of_o winchester_n 32_o ethelbald_a marry_v his_o mother_n in_o law_n 32._o eun_v y_fw-fr e_o son_n of_o bledred_a 41._o f._n famine_n in_o southwales_n 71._o fermael_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n 18._o flemings_n come_v to_o dyvet_n 163._o they_o desire_v peace_n 277.279_o g._n galfrid_n arthur_n bishop_n of_o lhanelwy_a 203._o gavelford_n 25._o geffrey_n blyth_n bishop_n of_o coventrie_n and_o lichfield_n 392._o geffrey_n langley_n 321._o genelogy_n esteem_v among_o all_o nation_n 31._o gerald_n de_fw-fr windsor_n steward_n of_o pembroke_n 154._o gilbert_n strangbow_n earl_n of_o strigule_n 169.172_o gladys_n daughter_n to_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 298._o gwaith_n y_fw-fr dinas_fw-la newydh_fw-mi 47._o gwaynyttyd_v 113._o ggo_v d_o 19_o spoil_v by_o the_o dane_n 42._o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n 250._o get_v again_o the_o castle_n of_o pool_n 248._o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o payne_n in_o eluel_n 251._o discomfit_v 252._o detain_v prisoner_n by_o the_o counsel_n 260._o release_v of_o his_o oath_n of_o obedience_n to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o pope_n 267._o gweythen_a 32._o gwyneth_n ¶_o see_v north-wales_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr humfrevile_n 125._o his_o heir_n 134._o glamorgan_n d_o 19_o spoil_v 71._o win_v from_o the_o welshman_n 122_o goth_n whence_o they_o come_v 39_o grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n lord_n of_o tegengl_n 172._o grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi ednyvet_n vachan_fw-mi 327._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n slay_v 49._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n 90._o he_o be_v slay_v 101._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n come_v to_o anglesey_n 112._o he_o war_v against_o trahaern_a ap_fw-mi caradoc_n 113._o join_v with_o rée_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n 114._o obtain_v the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n 115._o he_o make_v peace_n with_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o 174._o die_v 190._o his_o statute_n to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n of_o minstrel_n 191._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rée_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n 175._o put_v himself_o in_o armour_n against_o the_o king_n 176._o he_o take_v the_o town_n of_o caermardhyn_n 178._o he_o die_v 190._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi trahaerne_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n 162._o gruffyth_o maylor_n l._n of_o bromfield_n 242._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rée_v take_v by_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n and_o send_v to_o prison_n 250._o set_v at_o liberty_n 252._o he_o die_v 256._o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 280_o go_v with_o a_o army_n against_o william_n martial_n 282.292_o disquiet_v his_o father_n 297._o valiant_a and_o courageous_a 298.307_o imprison_a by_o his_o brother_n ibidem_fw-la great_a suit_n to_o the_o k._n for_o his_o inlargment_n 301._o deliver_v to_o the_o k._n and_o send_v to_o the_o tower_n where_o seek_v to_o escape_v he_o break_v his_o neck_n 307._o gruffyth_o lord_n of_o dinas_n bran_n 293.300.304.321.327_o gurmond_n d_o 15.6_o gwgan_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n 34._o h._n haste_v the_o dane_n 39_o henry_n the_o first_o k._n of_o england_n 157._o he_o come_v into_o wales_n 173._o again_o 184._o he_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v 185._o he_o die_v 188._o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n 204._o he_o come_v to_o wales_n 206._o put_v in_o danger_n of_o his_o life_n 207._o he_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n 208._o come_v to_o southwales_n 209._o again_o 219._o he_o come_v to_o north-wales_n 221._o lie_v encamp_v at_o berwyn_n 222._o in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v ibidem_fw-la he_o go_v the_o ireland_n 230._o return_v from_o ireland_n again_o 232._o forsake_v his_o wife_n 239._o he_o die_v 241._o henry_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n 276._o come_v to_o wales_n and_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o mountgomerie_n 280._o come_v again_o with_o a_o army_n to_o wales_n 283._o again_o 289._o marry_v 293._o come_v again_o to_o wales_n 299._o call_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o abbot_n of_o aberconwy_n &_o cymer_n 309._o he_o come_v again_o to_o wales_n 310._o he_o and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n come_v to_o wales_n 322._o come_v to_o montgomerie_n and_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o prince_n 326._o he_o die_v 328._o henry_n lacie_n lord_n of_o denbigh_n and_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n 377._o henry_n prince_n of_o wales_n 392._o henry_n sidney_n knight_n of_o the_o order_n 400._o howel_n the_o brother_n of_o conan_n tindaethwy_n 22._o king_n of_o man_n 25._o howel_n dha_n prince_n of_o southwales_n 45._o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n 52._o his_o law_n 53._o he_o go_v to_o rome_n 54_o he_o die_v 58._o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi 62._o use_v his_o brother_n meyric_n cruel_o 63._o rule_v north-wales_n 64._o he_o be_v slay_v 66._o howel_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n 88_o he_o be_v slay_v 93._o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n lord_n of_o stratywy_n cydewen_n and_o gwyr_n 159._o he_o be_v traitorous_o slay_v 161._o howel_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n lord_n of_o ros_n &_o ryvonioc_n 183._o howel_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n a_o valiant_a captain_n 199._o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaflord_n of_o arust_o 240._o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n keep_v the_o castle_n of_o dover_n 275._o give_v the_o french_a navy_n a_o overthrow_n 277._o some_o of_o the_o baron_n conspire_v against_o he_o 283._o owner_n of_o montgomerie_n 284._o his_o folly_n 285._o commit_v to_o prison_n 288._o escape_v out_o of_o prison_n 289._o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n 292._o huganus_n lord_n of_o westwales_n 47._o hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n 151.155_o he_o die_v 157._o hugh_n de_fw-fr montgomerie_n earl_n
british_a book_n of_o petegree_n i._o castoreus_n &_o sylvester_n giral_n cambrensis_fw-la which_o with_o diverse_a other_o rare_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n i_o receive_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o lord_n burghley_n high_a treasurer_n of_o england_n who_o also_o direct_v i_o by_o his_o letter_n to_o all_o the_o office_n where_o the_o record_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v keep_v out_o of_o the_o which_o i_o have_v gather_v a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o history_n and_o more_o will_v have_v do_v if_o the_o time_n have_v permit_v the_o copy_n i_o have_v confer_v with_o the_o aforenamed_a author_n and_o where_o i_o find_v they_o to_o entreat_v of_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v i_o have_v note_v they_o in_o the_o margin_n and_o in_o such_o author_n as_o be_v print_v i_o have_v most_o common_o direct_v thou_o gentle_a reader_n to_o the_o page_n or_o chapter_n of_o the_o book_n where_o thou_o shall_v find_v the_o same_o history_n treat_v of_o again_o where_o 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north-wales_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n which_o be_v to_o be_v have_v in_o welsh_a and_o also_o in_o latin_a therefore_o gwyneth_n call_v north-wales_n have_v upon_o the_o northside_n the_o sea_n from_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi at_o basingwerke_n to_o aberdyvi_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o south_n west_n the_o river_n dyvi_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o southwales_n and_o in_o some_o place_n from_o powy_n land_n and_o on_o the_o south_n and_o east_n it_o be_v divide_v from_o powy_n sometime_o with_o mountain_n and_o sometime_o with_o river_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi again_o this_o land_n be_v of_o old_a time_n divide_v to_o four_o part_n of_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v môn_v môn_n in_o english_a call_v anglesey_n where_o the_o prince_n chief_a house_n be_v at_o aberfraw_n which_o be_v a_o island_n separate_v from_o the_o main_a land_n with_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v maenai_n &_o have_v in_o itself_o three_o cantred_n or_o 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these_o day_n his_o other_o reason_n be_v because_o it_o be_v call_v anglesey_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n so_o be_v lhoyger_n england_n and_o cambry_a wales_n be_v those_o therefore_o the_o old_a name_n no_o sure_o and_o what_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v it_o so_o as_o they_o do_v not_o have_v it_o not_o a_o name_n before_o the_o angles_n win_v it_o yes_o i_o warrant_v you_o but_o he_o have_v forget_v that_o now_o to_o the_o name_n of_o man_n it_o be_v ever_o or_o at_o the_o least_o these_o 1000_o year_n name_v in_o british_a manaw_n of_o which_o come_v the_o english_a name_n man._n the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o call_v it_o so_o and_o no_o nation_n about_o it_o do_v ever_o call_v it_o môn_o no_o nor_o any_o writer_n but_o polydore_n which_o be_v too_o young_a a_o godfather_n to_o name_n so_o old_a a_o child_n for_o gildas_n who_o write_v above_o 900._o year_n pass_v who_o writing_n polydor_z never_o see_v but_o untrulie_o father_n upon_o he_o his_o own_o devise_n giraldus_n in_o his_o description_n of_o ireland_n to_o henry_n the_o second_o &_o henry_n huntingdon_n do_v plain_o call_v man_n in_o latin_a eubonia_fw-la add_v thereto_o either_o manaw_v or_o man_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o name_n will_v you_o believe_v they_o or_o polydore_n other_o argument_n there_o be_v which_o i_o will_v pass_v over_o till_o i_o have_v more_o leisure_n and_o occasion_n to_o write_v of_o this_o matter_n aruon_n the_o second_o part_n of_o north-wales_n be_v call_v aruon_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o over_o against_o môn_n and_o have_v in_o it_o four_o cantred_n and_o ten_o comot_n cantref_o aber_n have_v in_o it_o three_o comot_n y_fw-fr lhechwedh_fw-mi uchaf_fw-mi y_fw-fr lechwedhisaf_n and_o nanconwy_n cantref_o aruon_n have_v two_o comot_n ywch_v gwyruai_n &_o isgwyruai_n cantref_o dunodic_n have_v two_o comot_n ardudwy_n and_o euionyth_n cantref_o lhyyn_n contain_v three_o comot_n cymytmayn_n tinlhayn_n and_o canologion_n this_o be_v now_o call_v carnaruonshire_n as_o môn_n be_v call_v anglesey_n shire_n and_o have_v the_o same_o division_n at_o this_o day_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v snowdon_n hill_n call_v eryri_n neither_o in_o height_n fertility_n of_o the_o ground_n wood_n cattle_n fish_n and_o foul_a give_v place_n to_o the_o famous_a alps_n and_o without_o controversy_n the_o strong_a country_n within_o britain_n here_o be_v the_o town_n of_o caernarnon_n call_v in_o the_o old_a time_n caer_n segonce_n and_o there_o also_o be_v conwey_n call_v caergyffyn_n and_o the_o see_v of_o bangor_n with_o diverse_a other_o ancient_a castle_n and_o place_n of_o memory_n and_o be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o wales_n that_o come_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n and_o maenai_n upon_o the_o east_n and_o southeast_n the_o river_n conwey_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o denbighshire_n although_o it_o now_o pass_v the_o river_n in_o one_o place_n by_o the_o sea_n shore_n and_o on_o the_o south-west_n and_o west_n it_o be_v separate_v from_o merionyth_n by_o high_a mountain_n and_o river_n and_o other_o mere_n the_o three_o part_n of_o gwyneth_n be_v merionyth_n contain_v three_o cantred_n merionyth_n and_o every_o cantre_v three_o comot_n as_o cantref_o meyreon_n have_v three_o comot_n talybont_n pennal_n and_o ystumane_a cantref_o arust_o have_v these_o vwchcoed_n iscoed_n and_o gwarthrenion_n cantref_o penlhyn_n have_v these_o vwchmeloch_n ismeloch_n and_o micnaint_n and_o this_o keep_v the_o say_a name_n till_o this_o day_n but_o not_o within_o the_o same_o mere_n and_o be_v full_a of_o hill_n and_o rock_n and_o have_v upon_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n notable_a at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o great_a resort_n and_o number_n of_o people_n that_o repair_n thither_o to_o take_v herring_n it_o have_v upon_o the_o east_n aruon_n and_o denbighland_n upon_o the_o
to_o britain_n armorike_n where_o they_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n and_o give_v lhoegria_n now_o england_n to_o the_o saxon_n and_o albeit_o that_o caduan_n cadwalhon_n &_o cadwallader_n be_v sithence_o entitle_v king_n of_o all_o britain_n yet_o they_o can_v never_o recover_v again_o the_o quiet_a possession_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n afterward_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o cadwallader_n out_o of_o the_o land_n the_o briton_n be_v govern_v within_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n or_o cambria_n by_o those_o man_n whereof_o this_o history_n follow_v do_v entreat_v which_o be_v common_o call_v king_n of_o such_o province_n and_o country_n as_o they_o possess_v until_o the_o time_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n lhoyd_n who_o be_v in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n stephen_n and_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o that_o name_v himself_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o so_o the_o rest_n after_o he_o keep_v that_o title_n and_o stile_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v sometime_o call_v 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ship_n with_o rich_a spoil_n and_o great_a triumph_n vowel_n some_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n which_o affirm_v that_o the_o say_v hugh_n the_o norman_a entice_v and_o procure_v the_o dane_n to_o come_v and_o beséege_v the_o city_n of_o excester_n which_o they_o do_v burn_v and_o use_v the_o people_n with_o great_a cruelty_n until_o in_o the_o end_n the_o say_v almarus_n earl_n of_o devon_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o country_n submit_v themselves_o and_o so_o obtain_v peace_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v be_v 1004._o 1004_o swayne_n a_o mighty_a prince_n of_o denmark_n to_o who_o god_n predestinate_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n come_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o sail_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o norwich_n and_o spoil_v it_o 243._o with_o who_o wolfkettel_n duke_n of_o the_o land_n make_v peace_n yet_o the_o dane_n after_o they_o have_v rest_v a_o while_n go_v to_o thetford_n which_o they_o also_o spoil_v and_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n with_o their_o prey_n and_o 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the_o country_n cast._n then_o edric_n with_o edmund_n king_n edelreds_n bastard_n son_n gather_v a_o army_n but_o yet_o they_o dare_v not_o give_v he_o battle_n then_o go_v edmund_n to_o vitred_a duke_n of_o northumberland_n &_o together_o they_o spoil_v staffordshire_n leycestershire_n and_o shropshire_n cnute_n likewise_o upon_o the_o other_o side_n come_v down_o through_o buckinghamshire_n bedfordshire_n hutingdonshire_n and_o so_o by_o stafford_n pass_v towards_o york_n to_o who_o vitred_a come_n and_o yield_v himself_o yet_o he_o lose_v his_o life_n who_o possession_n cnute_n give_v to_o one_o egricke_n and_o make_v he_o duke_n in_o his_o stead_n whereupon_o edmund_n go_v to_o his_o father_n which_o lie_v sick_a at_o london_n then_o cnute_n return_v to_o his_o ship_n and_o sail_v to_o thames_n mouth_n and_o up_o the_o river_n towards_o london_n but_o before_o he_o come_v thither_o edelred_n be_v depart_v
the_o year_n follow_v he_o be_v slay_v by_o howel_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o edwin_n leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n name_v gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n jago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n jago_z the_o son_n of_o edwal_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n voel_n 1031_o about_o the_o year_n 1031._o the_o irish-scots_a enter_v southwales_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o howel_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o edwin_n ap_fw-mi eneon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n who_o hire_v they_o against_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n who_o they_o discomfit_v and_o slay_v &_o by_o that_o mean_v attain_v unto_o the_o government_n of_o southwales_n which_o they_o two_o rule_v joint_o but_o yet_o with_o small_a quietness_n for_o the_o son_n of_o rytherch_n gather_v a_o number_n of_o such_o as_o be_v their_o father_n friend_n to_o revenge_v his_o death_n with_o who_o howel_n and_o meredyth_n meet_v at_o hyarthwy_a &_o after_o long_a fight_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n but_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v meredyth_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o conan_n the_o son_n of_o sitsylht_n brother_n to_o the_o worthy_a prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n who_o meredyth_n and_o his_o brother_n have_v slay_v the_o year_n next_o ensue_v certain_a englishmen_n enter_v the_o land_n of_o gwent_n with_o who_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n fight_v and_o be_v by_o they_o slay_v not_o long_o after_o die_v cnute_n the_o most_o famous_a and_o mighty_a prince_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o he_o that_o have_v under_o his_o dominion_n the_o great_a country_n of_o swethen_n from_o germany_n to_o the_o northpole_n crantz_n with_o norway_n and_o denmark_n and_o all_o the_o noble_a will_v of_o britain_n after_o who_o haroald_v harfote_n his_o son_n beget_v upon_o alwyn_n the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n alfelyn_n be_v create_v king_n for_o hardy_a cnute_n his_o other_o son_n by_o emma_n be_v then_o in_o denmark_n this_o haroald_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o 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mercia_n to_o come_v with_o a_o army_n of_o englishman_n and_o dane_n to_o his_o aid_n against_o prince_n gruffyth_n who_o meet_v his_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n and_o overcome_v they_o and_o slay_v the_o say_a edwin_n west_n but_o howel_n escape_v by_o flight_n after_o the_o which_o victory_n gruffyth_v make_v sundry_a invasion_n upon_o the_o march_n towards_o hereford_n and_o always_o return_v with_o great_a spoil_n when_o gruffyth_n have_v bring_v all_o wales_n under_o his_o dominion_n he_o return_v to_o north-wales_n again_o the_o year_n ensue_a 1038._o 1038_o hernun_n archbishop_n of_o menevia_fw-la or_o s._n david_n die_v a_o man_n both_o learn_v and_o godly_a the_o year_n next_o follow_v howel_n king_n of_o southwales_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o stranger_n and_o enter_v the_o land_n intend_v to_o recover_v it_o again_o wherefore_o gruffyth_v like_o a_o worthy_a prince_n come_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o succour_v his_o people_n and_o meet_v with_o howel_n at_o pencadair_n after_o he_o have_v encourage_v his_o soldier_n give_v he_o battle_n and_o overthrow_v he_o and_o pursue_v he_o so_o narrow_o that_o he_o take_v howel_n wife_n who_o he_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o field_n to_o see_v the_o overthrow_n of_o gruffyth_n which_o chance_v otherwise_o who_o gruffyth_v like_v so_o well_o that_o he_o keep_v she_o for_o his_o concubine_n about_o this_o time_n haroald_v king_n of_o england_n die_v and_o his_o brother_n hardycnute_n reign_v in_o his_o stead_n a_o noble_a and_o a_o liberal_a prince_n who_o as_o it_o be_v report_v cause_v his_o table_n to_o be_v cover_v and_o furnish_v four_o time_n every_o day_n hunt_v for_o stranger_n and_o all_o comer_n and_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v two_o year_n dunel_n he_o die_v at_o lambeth_n in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o age_n after_o who_o death_n the_o englishman_n send_v for_o alfred_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o edelred_n from_o normandy_n but_o that_o message_n please_v not_o earl_n godwyn_n which_o be_v the_o mighty_a man_n in_o the_o land_n because_o he_o know_v the_o young_a prince_n to_o be_v courageous_a and_o stout_a and_o therefore_o one_o that_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o rule_v the_o land_n as_o he_o intend_v to_o do_v therefore_o he_o persuade_v the_o people_n that_o alfred_n who_o have_v come_v well_o accompany_v with_o normanes_n have_v promise_v they_o the_o whole_a rule_n of_o the_o land_n and_o thereupon_o they_o take_v all_o the_o normanes_n and_o bind_v they_o and_o afterward_o tithe_v they_o put_v every_o ten_o man_n to_o death_n and_o yet_o they_o think_v there_o be_v too_o many_o wherefore_o they_o tithe_v they_o the_o second_o time_n and_o lead_v alfred_n from_o gilford_n where_o this_o cruelty_n be_v commit_v to_o gillingham_n and_o there_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o remove_v he_o thence_o to_o ely_n where_o he_o be_v pitiful_o murder_v afterward_o they_o send_v for_o edward_n the_o young_a son_n who_o they_o receive_v as_o king_n the_o year_n follow_v after_o that_o he_o have_v marry_v godwyne_n daughter_n who_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n banish_v earl_n swayne_n son_n to_o the_o say_a earl_n godwyn_n who_o be_v receive_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n in_o the_o year_n 1041._o howel_n come_v again_o to_o southwales_n 1041_o and_o remain_v there_o awhile_o and_o short_o after_o a_o number_n of_o stranger_n land_v in_o westwales_n &_o spoil_v the_o country_n against_o who_o howel_n gather_v a_o number_n of_o people_n and_o fight_v with_o they_o and_o drive_v they_o to_o their_o ship_n with_o much_o loss_n at_o this_o time_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n who_o have_v flee_v to_o ireland_n to_o save_v his_o life_n with_o the_o power_n of_o alfred_n king_n of_o develyn_n who_o daughter_n ranulph_n he_o have_v marry_v enter_v north-wales_n and_o by_o treason_n have_v take_v gruffyth_v the_o king_n and_o carry_v he_o towards_o the_o ship_n but_o when_o it_o be_v know_v the_o country_n upon_o the_o sudden_a follow_v the_o irishman_n and_o overtake_v they_o rescue_v their_o prince_n requite_v their_o foe_n with_o much_o slaughter_n to_o their_o ship_n who_o return_v straight_o with_o conan_n to_o ireland_n the_o year_n follow_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n lord_n of_o glamorgan_n die_v be_v a_o man_n full_a of_o year_n then_o howel_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n call_v to_o his_o succour_n danes_n and_o englishman_n with_o all_o the_o power_n he_o can_v make_v in_o southwales_n whereof_o gruffyth_n be_v certify_v gather_v his_o power_n together_o in_o north-wales_n &_o come_v courageous_o to_o meet_v his_o enemy_n who_o he_o have_v twice_o before_o discomfit_v and_o overcome_v they_o and_o chase_v they_o as_o far_o as_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o river_n towy_a where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o dangerous_a battle_n howel_n be_v slay_v and_o his_o army_n discomfit_v and_o so_o narrow_o pursue_v that_o few_o escape_v alive_a after_o who_o death_n rytherch_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n aspire_v again_o to_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o southwales_n west_n which_o their_o father_n have_v once_o obtain_v gather_v a_o great_a army_n aswell_o of_o stranger_n as_o out_o of_o gwentland_n and_o glamorgan_n and_o meet_v with_o gruffyth_n king_n of_o wales_n who_o after_o his_o accustom_a manner_n detract_n no_o time_n but_o courageous_o animate_v his_o man_n with_o the_o remembrance_n of_o their_o former_a fortune_n and_o diverse_a victory_n under_o his_o standard_n join_v battle_n with_o his_o enemy_n who_o he_o find_v dispose_v to_o abide_v &_o to_o win_v againt_v the_o honour_n which_o before_o they_o have_v lose_v wherefore_o when_o they_o meet_v the_o fight_n be_v cruel_a &_o bloody_a &_o continue_v till_o night_n which_o easy_o depart_v both_o army_n be_v weary_a with_o fight_v and_o either_o fear_v other_o return_v to_o their_o country_n to_o gather_v more_o strength_n this_o
when_o the_o other_o hear_v upon_o their_o promise_n they_o be_v ready_a to_o follow_v &_o so_o make_v ready_a a_o great_a navy_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n tosty_o enter_v humber_n with_o 40._o sail_n but_o earl_n edwin_n meet_v with_o he_o and_o put_v he_o to_o flight_n who_o as_o he_o fail_v towards_o scotland_n meet_v with_o haroald_n king_n of_o norway_n with_o 300._o sail_n come_v towards_o england_n and_o join_v with_o he_o they_o both_o enter_v humber_n and_o have_v land_v their_o army_n they_o come_v to_o york_n where_o both_o earl_n edwin_n &_o marcher_n give_v they_o battle_n upon_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o town_n but_o haroald_n and_o tosty_o bare_a away_o the_o victory_n and_o spoil_v the_o city_n &_o then_o march_v forward_o towards_o stamfordbridge_n where_o haroald_v king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o his_o power_n do_v meet_v with_o they_o and_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n &_o many_o valiant_a act_n achieve_v on_o both_o side_n even_o from_o morning_n till_o noon_n 434._o at_o what_o time_n the_o norway_n begin_v to_o retire_v back_o over_o the_o water_n one_o of_o they_o worthy_a not_o to_o be_v forget_v keep_v the_o passage_n upon_o the_o bridge_n with_o his_o axe_n against_o all_o the_o army_n of_o england_n till_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n and_o slay_v 40._o man_n but_o at_o the_o last_o one_o get_v under_o the_o bridge_n and_o with_o his_o spear_n give_v he_o his_o death_n wound_n through_o the_o bridge_n then_o the_o army_n pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n and_o put_v the_o norway_n to_o flight_n and_o slay_v haroald_n their_o king_n and_o tosty_o where_o not_o one_o man_n escape_v of_o all_o the_o number_n that_o be_v not_o either_o kill_v or_o burn_v then_o haroald_n enter_v york_n with_o great_a joy_n and_o triumph_n &_o as_o he_o sit_v at_o dinner_n there_o come_v a_o post_n who_o tell_v he_o how_o duke_n william_n be_v land_v at_o suwerhide_v and_o have_v fortify_v himself_o with_o a_o trench_n at_o hastings_n with_o which_o tiding_n haroald_v be_v nothing_o dismay_v make_v expedition_n thitherward_o where_o william_n divide_v his_o army_n into_o five_o battle_n soldier_n make_v a_o long_a oration_n unto_o his_o soldier_n wherein_o he_o declare_v the_o worthiness_n of_o their_o forefather_n the_o dane_n and_o norway_n aswell_o against_o the_o englishman_n which_o be_v never_o able_a to_o abide_v their_o force_n as_o against_o the_o frenchman_n and_o other_o nation_n and_o how_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o overcome_v at_o all_o time_n &_o be_v well_o horse_v well_o arm_v and_o good_a archer_n have_v now_o to_o do_v with_o a_o nation_n only_o teach_v to_o trust_v to_o their_o foot_n evil_o horse_v unarmed_a and_o such_o as_o know_v not_o how_o to_o occupy_v their_o bow_n then_o he_o bring_v his_o people_n to_o the_o field_n but_o haroald_v couch_v all_o his_o army_n in_o one_o battle_n as_o nigh_o together_o as_o they_o can_v well_o stand_v and_o so_o set_v upon_o his_o enemy_n and_o after_o long_a fight_n william_n cause_v his_o man_n to_o retire_v as_o if_o they_o flee_v then_o the_o englishman_n follow_v apace_o and_o break_v their_o array_n which_o when_o william_n perceive_v he_o bring_v in_o a_o battle_n of_o fresh_a normanes_n who_o enter_v haroald_n battle_n and_o fight_v so_o sore_o that_o haroald_n be_v hurt_v with_o a_o arrow_n and_o afterward_o slay_v and_o so_o the_o englishman_n leave_v the_o normanes_a both_o the_o field_n and_o the_o victory_n 7._o the_o year_n follow_v william_n pass_v the_o sea_n to_o normandy_n than_o edgar_n edeling_o come_v out_o of_o scotland_n to_o york_n for_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n have_v slay_v robert_n to_o who_o william_n have_v give_v that_o earldom_n and_o 900._o man_n with_o he_o and_o have_v receive_v edgar_n for_o their_o king_n but_o william_n return_v from_o normandy_n destroy_v all_o the_o north_n country_n and_o chase_v edgar_n to_o scotland_n again_o 297._o also_o edrike_v syluaticus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o alfrike_n earl_n of_o mercia_n refuse_v to_o submit_v himself_o as_o other_o have_v do_v when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o king_n be_v depart_v to_o normandy_n rise_v against_o such_o as_o be_v leave_v in_o his_o absence_n to_o keep_v the_o land_n in_o obedience_n whereupon_o those_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o hereford_n richard_n fitz_fw-fr scrope_n and_o other_o oftentimes_o invade_v his_o land_n and_o waste_v the_o good_n of_o his_o tenant_n but_o as_o often_o as_o they_o come_v against_o he_o they_o always_o lose_v some_o of_o their_o own_o man_n at_o length_n he_o call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o king_n of_o wales_n blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o hereford_n even_o to_o wye_n bridge_n and_o then_o return_v with_o a_o marvellous_a great_a spoil_n this_o year_n also_o 1068_o be_v 1068._o meredyth_n and_o ithel_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n raise_v a_o great_a power_n against_o blethyn_n and_o rywalhon_n king_n of_o north-wales_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o at_o a_o place_n call_v mechain_n where_o after_o long_a fight_n there_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o one_o part_n ithel_n and_o upon_o the_o other_o part_n rywalhon_n and_o meredyth_n put_v to_o flight_n who_o blethyn_n pursue_v so_o straight_o that_o he_o starve_v for_o cold_a and_o hunger_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o so_o blethyn_n the_o son_n of_o convyn_n remain_v the_o only_o king_n of_o powy_n and_o north-wales_n about_o this_o time_n swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o osburne_n his_o brother_n 3._o come_v to_o humber_n with_o 300._o sail_n and_o to_o they_o come_v edgar_n edeling_n and_o earl_n waltelfe_n who_o all_o together_o come_v to_o york_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n and_o lay_v that_o winter_n betwixt_o ouse_n and_o trent_n till_o the_o king_n come_v thither_o and_o chase_v the_o dane_n to_o their_o ship_n and_o destroy_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n but_o earl_n waltheof_n he_o receive_v to_o mercy_n at_o this_o time_n caradoc_n son_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o frenchman_n for_o so_o the_o british_a book_n call_v the_o normanes_a to_o enter_v southwales_n to_o who_o he_o join_v his_o power_n of_o gwentland_n and_o give_v meredyth_n the_o king_n of_o that_o country_n a_o overthrow_n and_o slay_v he_o upon_o the_o river_n of_o rympyn_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o dermot_n maken_v anel_n the_o worthy_a and_o noble_a prince_n that_o ever_o rule_v in_o ireland_n be_v murder_v the_o two_o earl_n edwin_n and_o marcher_n with_o hereward_n gather_v a_o army_n against_o the_o king_n paris_n but_o edwin_n be_v slay_v of_o his_o own_o people_n and_o the_o other_o take_v the_o will_v of_o elie_n which_o the_o king_n so_o sore_o besiege_v that_o he_o short_o take_v marcher_n and_o his_o complice_n but_o hereward_n escape_v his_o hand_n manful_o 4._o who_o the_o king_n follow_v to_o scotland_n &_o make_v malcolme_n king_n of_o the_o land_n his_o subject_n and_o vassal_n then_o after_o the_o king_n pass_v to_o normandy_n and_o receive_v edgar_n edel_v to_o his_o mercy_n and_o about_o this_o time_n the_o normanes_n do_v lead_v a_o great_a power_n to_o westwales_n by_o sea_n and_o destroy_v dyvet_n and_o the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o carry_v away_o much_o spoil_v and_o do_v so_o likewise_o the_o year_n follow_v bleythyd_n bishop_n of_o menevia_fw-la or_o s._n david_n die_v at_o this_o time_n and_o sulien_n be_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n 11._o not_o long_o after_o this_o time_n radulph_n earl_n of_o eastangle_v conspire_v against_o the_o king_n with_o roger_n earl_n of_o hereford_n &_o earl_n waltheof_n &_o at_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o say_v radulph_n with_o roger_n sister_n in_o essex_n the_o matter_n be_v open_v but_o it_o please_v not_o the_o rest_n therefore_o radulph_n take_v ship_v in_o norwich_n &_o flee_v to_o denmark_n and_o the_o king_n sudden_o come_v overtake_v waltheof_n and_o roger_n of_o who_o waltheof_n be_v behead_v &_o roger_n commit_v to_o prison_n &_o the_o people_n all_o slay_v among_o who_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o welshman_n 6._o this_o radulphs_n mother_n come_v out_o of_o wales_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o welshman_n being_n there_o for_o radulph_n send_v for_o many_o of_o his_o mother_n friend_n and_o kinsman_n to_o come_v to_o this_o marriage_n meaning_n through_o their_o aid_n and_o procurement_n to_o get_v the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n to_o join_v with_o he_o in_o this_o enterprise_n he_o also_o and_o his_o complice_n send_v to_o cnute_n king_n of_o denmark_n promise_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o aid_v he_o against_o william_n the_o bastard_n but_o william_n be_v advertise_v of_o all_o these_o thing_n overthrow_v all_o their_o devise_n for_o by_o his_o sudden_a come_n upon_o they_o out_o of_o normandy_n he_o
take_v roger_n his_o cousin_n and_o waltheof_n who_o he_o commit_v to_o prison_n and_o cause_v to_o be_v execute_v afterward_o but_o radulph_n escape_v and_o depart_v the_o realm_n of_o the_o welshman_n which_o be_v at_o this_o marriage_n william_n hang_v some_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o other_o and_o banish_v the_o rest_n after_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1073._o 1073_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n king_n of_o wales_n be_v traitorouslie_o and_o cowardly_a murder_v by_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n tywy_n after_o he_o have_v worthy_o govern_v wales_n 13._o year_n this_o man_n be_v very_o liberal_a and_o merciful_a and_o love_a justice_n and_o equity_n in_o all_o his_o reign_n this_o blethyn_n have_v by_o diverse_a woman_n many_o child_n first_o meredyth_n by_o haer_fw-mi daughter_n to_o gylhyn_n lhywarch_n and_o cadogan_n by_o another_o woman_n madoc_n and_o riryd_n by_o the_o three_o and_o jorwerth_n by_o the_o four_o trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n trahaern_v the_o son_n of_o caradoc_n after_o the_o death_n of_o blethyn_n trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n his_o cousin_n germane_a take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n of_o north-wales_n &_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n do_v joint_o rule_v southwales_n then_o gruffyth_v son_n to_o conan_n son_n to_o jago_n or_o james_n right_a inheritor_n of_o north-wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o succour_n which_o his_o brethren_n encumalhon_n king_n of_o vltonia_fw-la and_o ranalht_n and_o mathaw_v have_v deliver_v he_o and_o he_o land_v in_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n kynwric_n ap_fw-mi rywalhon_fw-mi a_o noble_a man_n of_o maelor_n or_o bromefield_n be_v slay_v in_o north-wales_n this_o year_n also_o gronow_v and_o lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v join_v their_o power_n with_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rytherch_n against_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o rytherch_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n to_o revenge_v their_o grandfather_n death_n and_o then_o fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v camdhwr_n where_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n obtain_v the_o victory_n short_o after_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n pass_v over_o the_o water_n from_o môn_n to_o the_o main_a land_n and_o trahaern_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o bronyrerw_n where_o gruffyth_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o retire_v back_o to_o the_o will_v in_o the_o year_n 1074._o 1074_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v slay_v by_o treason_n of_o his_o cousin_n germane_a meyrchaon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi owen_n rule_v southwales_n alone_o nevertheless_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n gather_v their_o power_n and_o come_v against_o he_o and_o fight_v with_o he_o the_o second_o time_n at_o gwaynyttyd_n where_o he_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o yet_o he_o gather_v a_o new_a power_n &_o keep_v the_o land_n still_o then_o trahaern_a ap_fw-mi caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n move_v his_o power_n against_o rees_n who_o bold_o meet_v he_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n at_o a_o place_n call_v pwlhgwttic_a where_o after_o long_o fight_v rees_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o after_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n he_o flee_v from_o place_n to_o place_n fear_v all_o thing_n like_o a_o stag_n that_o have_v be_v late_o chase_v which_o mistrust_v every_o noise_n but_o at_o the_o last_o he_o with_o his_o brother_n howel_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi who_o slay_v they_o both_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o noble_a prince_n blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n at_o this_o time_n sulien_n archbishop_n of_o s._n david_n do_v forsake_v his_o bishopric_n and_o abraham_n be_v choose_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n in_o the_o year_n 1077._o 1077_o rees_n the_o soon_o of_o theodor_n the_o son_n of_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n as_o right_a inheritor_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n claim_v the_o same_o and_o the_o people_n receive_v he_o with_o much_o joy_n &_o make_v he_o their_o prince_n the_o next_o year_n after_o menevia_fw-la be_v all_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v by_o stranger_n and_o abraham_n the_o bishop_n die_v after_o who_o death_n sulien_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v the_o bishopric_n again_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v gruffyth_v the_o son_n of_o conan_n do_v bring_v a_o great_a army_n of_o irishman_n and_o scot_n into_o wales_n and_o join_v with_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n as_o two_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n gruffyth_o of_o north-wales_n and_o rees_n of_o southwales_n descend_v both_o linealie_a from_o roderike_n the_o great_a against_o who_o come_v trahaern_v ap_fw-mi caradoc_n and_o caradoc_n gruffyth_v and_o mailyr_n the_o son_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n his_o cousin_n germans_n for_o gwyn_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n be_v their_o grandfather_n who_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o chief_a ruler_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o after_o they_o have_v meet_v at_o the_o mountain_n of_o carno_n they_o fight_v a_o cruel_a battle_n and_o be_v the_o more_o eager_a because_o upon_o that_o day_n work_v lay_v the_o life_n &_o honour_n of_o either_o party_n but_o at_o the_o length_n the_o victory_n fall_v to_o gruffyth_n and_o rees_n and_o trahaern_v with_o his_o coosen_v be_v all_o slay_v and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o their_o people_n then_o the_o kingdom_n of_o wales_n come_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n again_o at_o this_o time_n also_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o wales_n call_v vrgeney_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_fw-mi be_v slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o rees_n sais_n which_o be_v to_o say_v rees_n the_o englishman_n for_o so_o they_o use_v to_o name_v all_o such_o as_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n &_o can_v speak_v the_o english_a tongue_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n gruffyth_v the_o son_n of_o conan_n castor_n this_o thrustan_n come_v from_o rome_n bring_v with_o he_o a_o new_a kind_n of_o note_n for_o the_o ordinary_a service_n of_o the_o church_n which_o he_o will_v have_v have_v his_o monk_n to_o use_v in_o their_o daily_a service_n but_o they_o not_o willing_a to_o change_v their_o old_a mumpsimus_n for_o his_o new_a sumpsimus_fw-la as_o the_o priest_n say_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o mass_n do_v stout_o withstand_v their_o abbot_n and_o thereof_o come_v this_o moonkish_a brawl_n wherein_o these_o three_o monk_n be_v slay_v and_o eighteen_o more_o hurt_v 17._o about_o this_o time_n or_o not_o long_o after_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o walwey_n king_n arthur_n sister_n son_n be_v find_v upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n in_o the_o country_n of_o ros_n the_o body_n by_o estimation_n upon_o view_v of_o the_o bone_n be_v think_v to_o be_v fourteen_o foot_n in_o length_n castor_n walwey_n in_o his_o life_n time_n be_v a_o right_n noble_a and_o valiant_a warrior_n of_o very_o good_a reputation_n who_o rule_v that_o country_n which_o to_o this_o day_n of_o he_o be_v call_v walwethay_n and_o this_o year_n sulien_n forsake_v his_o bishopric_n the_o second_o time_n and_o wylfred_n be_v stall_v in_o his_o place_n at_o this_o time_n also_o the_o town_n of_o caerdyff_fw-mi be_v build_v in_o the_o year_n 1087._o 1087_o william_n bastard_z king_n of_o all_o britain_n and_o duke_n of_o normandy_n die_v when_o he_o have_v leave_v never_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o english_a blood_n within_o england_n but_o have_v rob_v spoil_v and_o slay_v or_o banish_v they_o all_o castor_n and_o give_v their_o land_n to_o his_o own_o man_n for_o god_n have_v bring_v in_o the_o normanes_a to_o revenge_v his_o anger_n upon_o the_o angles_n and_o saxon_n which_o normanes_a be_v count_v the_o cruel_a people_n in_o the_o world_n for_o ever_o when_o they_o have_v bring_v their_o enemy_n to_o subjection_n that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o rebel_v against_o they_o they_o common_o destroy_v one_o another_o and_o so_o ever_o exercise_v their_o cruelty_n upon_o themselves_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o england_n normandy_n apulia_n calabria_n sicilia_n &_o antiochia_n which_o country_n they_o bring_v to_o their_o subjection_n cast._n it_o be_v note_v also_o by_o john_n rous_n and_o castoreus_n that_o no_o englishman_n bare_a office_n of_o any_o credit_n or_o countenance_n in_o the_o conqueror_n day_n and_o that_o it_o be_v count_v a_o great_a reproach_n and_o shame_n for_o a_o noble_a man_n or_o gentleman_n to_o be_v call_v a_o englishman_n or_o to_o join_v in_o affinity_n by_o marriage_n with_o the_o english_a nation_n they_o hate_v they_o so_o sore_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o all_o the_o ancient_a noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n within_o this_o land_n be_v descend_v either_o from_o the_o norman_n and_o french_a or_o from_o the_o briton_n when_o william_n have_v obtain_v full_a possession_n of_o the_o realm_n rous._n he_o appoint_v &_o ordain_v such_o officer_n as_o spoil_v the_o
lordship_n to_o the_o lord_n spencer_n than_o lord_n of_o glamorgan_n and_o go_v into_o somersetshire_n to_o dwell_v there_o where_o his_o issue_n male_a continue_v yet_o ¶_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr humfrevile_n his_o petegree_n sir_n gilbert_n humfrevile_n aforesaid_a to_o who_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o penmarke_n be_v give_v and_o his_o issue_n male_a enjoy_v the_o same_o till_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o time_n and_o then_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_a castle_n and_o manor_n descend_v to_o sir_n john_n s._n john_n of_o fonmon_n knight_n to_o who_o the_o forename_a lord_n s._n john_n of_o bledso_n be_v sole_a heir_n ¶_o roger_n de_fw-fr berkerolles_n knight_n his_o petegree_n sir_n roger_n berkerolles_n afore_o say_v knight_n to_o who_o the_o manor_n of_o east_n orchard_n be_v give_v and_o his_o issue_n male_a enjoy_v the_o same_o till_o the_o 13._o year_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o that_o sir_n laurence_n berkerolles_n knight_n die_v who_o sir_n edward_n stradling_n knight_n as_o sole_a heir_n do_v succeed_v be_v son_n to_o sir_n william_n stradling_n knight_n son_n to_o sir_n edward_n stradling_n knight_n and_o wenlhian_a sole_a sister_n and_o heir_n to_o the_o say_a sir_n laurence_n of_o who_o edward_n stradling_n knight_n that_o now_o be_v be_v lineal_o descend_v ¶_o reginald_n de_fw-fr sully_n knight_n his_o petegree_n sir_n reginald_n de_fw-fr sully_n to_o who_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o sully_n be_v give_v and_o his_o issue_n male_a enjoy_v the_o same_o until_o about_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o time_n and_o then_o it_o fall_v to_o a_o daughter_n marry_v to_o sir_n morgan_n de_fw-fr avan_n lord_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o avan_n above_o name_v who_o son_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr avan_n have_v but_o one_o daughter_n of_o who_o sir_n george_n blunt_n of_o shropshire_n be_v lineal_o descend_v as_o sole_a heir_n who_o ancestor_n give_v the_o say_a lordship_n of_o avan_n and_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o sully_n to_o the_o lord_n spencer_n in_o exchange_n for_o other_o land_n in_o england_n ¶_o peter_n le_fw-fr soore_a knight_n his_o petegree_n sir_n peter_n le_fw-fr soore_a knight_n to_o who_o be_v give_v the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o peter_n town_n and_o his_o issue_n male_a enjoy_v the_o same_o until_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o his_o time_n and_o then_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o his_o inheritance_n fall_v between_o diverse_a ¶_o john_n le_fw-fr fleming_n knight_n his_o petegree_n sir_n john_n le_fw-fr fleming_n knight_n to_o who_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o s._n george_n be_v give_v and_o his_o issue_n male_a enjoy_v the_o same_o until_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o his_o time_n and_o then_o it_o fall_v to_o edmond_n malefant_n who_o have_v marry_v a_o daughter_n to_o the_o last_o fleming_n and_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o his_o time_n the_o malefants_n issue_n by_o fleming_n daughter_n fail_v and_o then_o it_o fall_v to_o john_n butler_n of_o dunreeven_n above_o name_v esquire_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o he_o and_o of_o arnold_n his_o son_n both_o the_o inheritance_n of_o fleming_n &_o butler_n fall_v to_o walter_n vaughan_n of_o brodeward_n in_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n esquire_n now_o live_v sister_n son_n to_o the_o say_v arnold_n butler_n ¶_o oliver_n de_fw-fr s._n john_n knight_n his_o petegree_n sir_n oliver_n s._n john_n knight_n to_o who_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o fonmon_n be_v give_v and_o his_o heir_n male_a have_v ever_o since_o enjoy_v the_o same_o to_o who_o the_o above_o name_v lord_n s._n john_n of_o bledso_n that_o now_o be_v be_v sole_a heir_n who_o ancestor_n from_o the_o win_n of_o the_o say_a lordship_n of_o glamorgan_n out_o of_o the_o welshman_n hand_n have_v continual_o dwell_v at_o fonmon_n aforesaid_a until_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o that_o john_n s._n john_n esquire_n have_v the_o say_a lordship_n of_o bledso_n and_o many_o other_o possession_n beside_o by_o the_o death_n of_o dame_n margaret_n beauchampe_n his_o mother_n who_o be_v also_o mother_n to_o margaret_n duchess_n of_o somerset_n mother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o since_o which_o time_n the_o say_a john_n s._n john_n and_o sir_n john_n s._n john_n knight_n father_n to_o my_o lord_n that_o now_o be_v have_v always_o dwell_v in_o bledso_n but_o they_o do_v keep_v their_o land_n in_o wales_n still_o in_o their_o hand_n ¶_o william_n le_fw-fr esterling_n alias_o stradling_n his_o petegree_n sir_n william_n esterling_n knight_n to_o who_o the_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o s._n donat_n be_v give_v sir_n john_n le_fw-fr esterling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o sir_n moris_n le_fw-fr esterling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o sir_n robert_n le_fw-fr esterling_n knight_n most_o common_o call_v stradling_n by_o shortness_n of_o speech_n and_o change_n of_o some_o letter_n succéede_v he_o sir_n gilbert_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o sir_n william_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o sir_n john_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v in_o what_o stock_n or_o surname_n any_o of_o these_o seven_o knight_n above_o name_v do_v marry_v but_o the_o christian_n name_n of_o the_o wife_n of_o william_n the_o first_o robert_z and_o john_n the_o second_o be_v hawisia_n mathilda_n and_o cicilia_n sir_n peter_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o time_n and_o reign_v marry_v julian_n sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o thomas_n hawey_n by_o who_o he_o have_v three_o manor_n hawey_n &_o comhawey_n in_o somersetshire_n yet_o remain_v to_o his_o heir_n and_o compton_n hawey_n in_o dorcetshire_n sell_v of_o late_a year_n sir_n edward_n stradling_n knight_n their_o son_n succéede_v they_o and_o he_o quarter_v the_o hawey_n his_o arm_n with_o his_o and_o marry_v with_o elinor_n daughter_n &_o heir_n to_o gilbert_n strangbow_n a_o young_a brother_n who_o wife_n be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o richard_n garnon_n and_o have_v by_o she_o two_o manor_n in_o oxefordshire_n sir_n edward_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o &_o marry_v with_o wenlhian_n daughter_n to_o roger_n berkrolles_n knight_n and_o sole_a sister_n and_o heir_n to_o sir_n laurence_n berkrolles_n knight_n as_o it_o happen_v afterward_o sir_n william_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n marry_v with_o isabel_n daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o john_n s._n barbe_n of_o somersetshire_n but_o he_o have_v no_o land_n by_o she_o for_o it_o be_v entail_v to_o the_o heir_n male_a this_o sir_n william_n in_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o time_n go_v a_o pilgrimage_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o receive_v there_o also_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n of_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o christ._n sir_n edward_n stradling_n knight_n his_o son_n succéede_v he_o who_o because_o he_o be_v sole_a heir_n general_a to_o the_o say_a s._n barbe_n do_v quarter_n s._n barbe_n arm_n with_o he_o to_o who_o also_o in_o the_o 13._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o fall_v the_o whole_a inheritance_n of_o the_o berkerolles_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o turberuiles_n inheritance_n lord_n of_o coyty_n aforesaid_a the_o which_o for_o lack_v of_o issue_n male_a of_o the_o say_v berkerolles_n remain_v to_o gamage_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n male_a by_o the_o especial_a entail_n aforesaid_a the_o which_o sir_n edward_n do_v quarter_n not_o only_o the_o say_a berkerolles_n arm_n with_o he_o but_o also_o the_o turberuiles_n and_o jestynes_n arm_n of_o who_o the_o turberuiles_n have_v in_o marriage_n one_o of_o the_o inheritor_n as_o be_v before_o say_v because_o the_o say_a sir_n edward_n be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o heir_n general_a to_o sir_n richard_n turberuile_n to_o wit_n son_n to_o sir_n william_n stradling_n son_n to_o wenlhian_a sister_n and_o heir_n to_o the_o say_v laurence_n berkerolles_n and_o daughter_n to_o catharine_n elder_a sister_n and_o one_o of_o the_o four_o heir_n general_a to_o the_o aforesaid_a sir_n richard_n turberuile_n the_o say_a sir_n edward_n marry_v with_o jane_n daughter_n to_o henry_n beauford_n afterward_o cardinal_n beget_v before_o he_o be_v priest_n upon_o alice_n one_o of_o the_o daughter_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o his_o reign_n he_o go_v likewise_o on_o pilgrimage_n unto_o jerusalem_n as_o his_o father_n do_v and_o receive_v the_o order_n of_o the_o sepulchre_n there_o this_o sir_n edward_n have_v to_o his_o brother_n sir_n john_n stradling_n knight_n who_o marry_v with_o the_o heir_n of_o dauncy_n in_o wiltshire_n and_o have_v issue_n sir_n edmond_n who_o have_v issue_n john_n and_o edmond_n john_n have_v issue_n anne_n lady_n davers_n of_o who_o the_o davers_n hungerforde_v fynes_n and_o levet_fw-la and_o a_o great_a progeny_n
daughter_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n mahael_n and_o a_o daughter_n this_o mahael_n be_v a_o worthy_a knight_n be_v disinherit_v by_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o own_o mother_n who_o contrary_a to_o matrimonial_a duty_n keep_v unlawful_a company_n with_o a_o knight_n who_o she_o set_v more_o by_o than_o her_o husband_n whereupon_o mahael_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o dissolute_a life_n of_o his_o mother_n warn_v she_o to_o avoid_v infamy_n and_o on_o a_o time_n meeting_n the_o say_a knight_n come_v from_o she_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o hurt_v he_o sore_o wherefore_o nest_n to_o be_v avenge_v of_o her_o son_n for_o that_o fact_n go_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o solemn_o rather_o of_o malice_n and_o revengement_n as_o giraldus_n note_v than_o of_o any_o truth_n swear_v upon_o the_o evangelist_n that_o the_o say_v mahael_n her_o son_n be_v not_o beget_v by_o barnard_n newmarch_n her_o husband_n but_o by_o another_o lover_n of_o she_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o which_o oath_n or_o perjury_n rather_o as_o my_o author_n think_v mahael_n be_v disinherit_v and_o his_o sister_n who_o her_o mother_n affirm_v to_o be_v the_o very_a daughter_n of_o the_o say_v barnard_n be_v by_o the_o say_a king_n with_o the_o whole_a inheritance_n bestow_v upon_o milo_n the_o son_n of_o walter_n constable_n who_o be_v after_o create_v earl_n of_o hereford_n lord_n of_o gloucester_n brechnocke_n and_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n this_o milo_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o lord_n of_o brechnocke_n as_o the_o same_o giraldus_n write_v tell_v king_n henry_n the_o first_o of_o the_o sing_n &_o triumph_v of_o bird_n by_o the_o pool_n call_v lhyn_a savathan_n at_o the_o pass_n by_o of_o gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n the_o say_a milo_n and_o paine_n fitz_n john_n lord_n of_o ewyas_n land_n be_v present_a whereunto_o the_o king_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v woonder_v at_o so_o much_o for_o in_o truth_n say_v he_o although_o we_o by_o our_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n do_v offer_v injury_n and_o violence_n to_o that_o nation_n yet_o be_v they_o well_o know_v to_o be_v the_o lawful_a inheritor_n of_o that_o country_n the_o word_n of_o giraldus_n be_v these_o quibus_fw-la auditis_fw-la rex_fw-la respondisse_fw-la memoratur_fw-la illud_fw-la non-adeo_a esse_fw-la admirandum_fw-la quia_fw-la licèt_fw-la gentibus_fw-la illis_fw-la per_fw-la vires_fw-la nostras_fw-la magnas_fw-la iniuriam_fw-la &_o violentiam_fw-la irrogemus_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la ijsdemius_fw-la haereditarium_fw-la habere_fw-la noscuntur_fw-la milo_n have_v by_o his_o say_a wife_n five_o son_n to_o wit_n roger_n walter_n henry_n william_n and_o mahael_n which_o be_v all_o successivelie_o except_o william_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o lord_n of_o brechnocke_n and_o die_v all_o without_o issue_n he_o have_v also_o three_o daughter_n margaret_z the_o elder_a marry_v to_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohune_n the_o son_n of_o humphrey_n bohune_n steward_n in_o house_n to_o william_n rufus_n which_o be_v the_o son_n of_o humphrey_n le_fw-fr bohune_n that_o come_v into_o enlgand_n with_o william_n conqueror_n this_o humphrey_n be_v in_o her_o right_a earl_n of_o hereford_n &_o constable_n of_o england_n bertha_n the_o second_o daughter_n be_v marry_v unto_o philip_n bruse_n create_v by_o king_n stephan_n lord_n bruse_n of_o gower_n bould_n and_o brimber_n and_o in_o his_o wife_n right_a lord_n of_o brechnock_n lanthon_n lucia_n the_o three_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o herebert_n the_o son_n of_o herebert_n a_o base_a son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o who_o be_v in_o her_o right_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n of_o who_o descend_v the_o fitz_n herebert_n of_o derbishire_n the_o castle_n of_o brechnock_n be_v first_o build_v by_o the_o say_v barnard_n newmarch_n be_v great_o augment_v and_o beautify_v by_o the_o last_o humphrey_n bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n essex_n northampton_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n constable_n who_o have_v issue_v two_o daughter_n his_o heir_n elinor_n the_o elder_a be_v marry_v unto_o thomas_n plantagenet_n alias_z thomas_z of_o woodstock_n the_o sixth_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o who_o be_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o create_a earl_n of_o buckingham_n and_o after_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o in_o her_o right_a earl_n of_o essex_n northampton_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n marry_o the_o second_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o henry_n plantagenet_n alias_z bolingbrooke_n earl_n of_o derbie_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o the_o say_v thomas_n plantagenet_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o lord_n of_o brechnock_n have_v issue_n humphrey_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o buckingham_n lord_n of_o brechnock_n &c_n &c_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o 4._o daughter_n which_o be_v heir_n after_o their_o brother_n anne_n the_o elder_a be_v marry_v to_o edmund_n stafford_n earl_n of_o stafford_n who_o by_o she_o have_v issue_n humphrey_n earl_n of_o stafford_n hereford_n &_o northampton_n lord_n of_o brechnock_n etc._n etc._n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a anne_n be_v marry_v to_o william_n viscount_n burgcher_n create_v earl_n of_o ewe_n in_o france_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o father_n of_o henry_n create_v earl_n of_o essex_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o this_o humphrey_n earl_n stafford_n be_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_o create_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o so_o this_o lordship_n of_o brechnock_n come_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o by_o the_o attainder_n of_o edward_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n there_o come_v many_o gentleman_n with_o the_o say_v barnard_n newmarch_n at_o that_o time_n to_o brechnock_v upon_o who_o he_o bestow_v diverse_a manor_n which_o their_o heir_n do_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v even_o to_o our_o time_n as_o to_o the_o awbreye_v the_o manor_n of_o abercynuric_n and_o slouch_n to_o the_o walbiefe_n the_o manor_n of_o lhanhamlach_n and_o taly_n lhyn_n to_o the_o gunter'_v the_o manor_n of_o gilston_n to_o the_o havards_o the_o manor_n of_o pontwilym_n etc._n etc._n but_o now_o have_v long_o digress_v let_v we_o return_v again_o to_o our_o author_n about_o this_o time_n william_n rufus_n and_o robert_n his_o brother_n be_v make_v friend_n come_v both_o together_o into_o england_n and_o lead_v a_o army_n into_o scotland_n against_o malcolme_n the_o king_n 20._o who_o have_v enter_v northumberland_n &_o spoil_v it_o in_o the_o king_n absence_n and_o he_o yield_v himself_o to_o william_n and_o by_o oath_n become_v his_o vassal_n and_o subject_n 16._o then_o william_n re-edify_v carlisle_n and_o bring_v people_n from_o the_o south_n part_n of_o england_n to_o inhabit_v it_o but_o short_o after_o malcolme_n come_v again_o into_o england_n spoil_v the_o land_n 64._o who_o be_v fight_v withal_o be_v slay_v and_o his_o son_n edward_n also_o then_o edgar_n his_o son_n which_o be_v pledge_v with_o king_n william_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o steed_n at_o this_o time_n cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n destroy_v all_o dyvet_n in_o the_o end_n of_o april_n and_o short_o after_o the_o same_o summer_n the_o normanes_a in_o great_a company_n land_v in_o dyvet_n or_o westwales_n &_o cardigan_n and_o build_v castle_n there_o and_o so_o begin_v to_o inhabit_v the_o country_n upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n the_o norman_n have_v get_v into_o their_o hand_n all_o the_o land_n and_o live_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n begin_v to_o spy_v out_o the_o commodity_n of_o wales_n and_o see_v that_o robert_n fitzhamon_n and_o the_o other_o knight_n that_o go_v with_o he_o have_v speed_v so_o well_o they_o make_v sure_a to_o the_o king_n to_o grant_v they_o the_o land_n of_o the_o welshman_n whereupon_o the_o king_n think_v that_o to_o be_v the_o best_a way_n for_o he_o aswell_o to_o encourage_v they_o to_o be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o serve_v he_o as_o also_o to_o provide_v for_o they_o at_o other_o man_n cost_n grant_v to_o diverse_a of_o his_o noble_n sundry_a country_n in_o wales_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o knight_n service_n for_o the_o which_o they_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o he_o as_o follow_v 1_o roger_n mountgomery_n earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o salope_n do_v his_o homage_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n and_o caerdigan_n 2_o hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n do_v his_o homage_n for_o tegengl_n and_o ryvonioc_n with_o all_o the_o land_n by_o the_o sea_n shore_n unto_o the_o river_n of_o conwey_n 3_o arnulph_n a_o young_a son_n of_o roger_n mountgomery_n for_o dyvet_n 4_o barnard_n newmarch_n for_o brechnock_n 5_o ralph_n mortimer_n for_o eluel_n 6_o hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ewyas_n 7_o eustace_n cruer_n for_o molde_n and_o hopedale_n and_o many_o other_o for_o other_o land_n then_o roger_n de_fw-fr
shrewesburie_n be_v richard_n de_fw-fr belmersh_n or_o the_o beleasmo_n as_o some_o do_v call_v he_o who_o be_v chief_a doer_n about_o roger_n mountgomery_n earl_n of_o salop_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o london_n and_o afterward_o appoint_v by_o this_o king_n henry_n to_o be_v warden_n of_o the_o march_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n walter_n constable_n the_o father_n of_o milo_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o rayner_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o the_o county_n of_o salop._n about_o this_o time_n as_o bale_n note_v the_o church_n of_o menevia_fw-la or_o s._n david_n append_v begin_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o sea_n of_o canturburie_n be_v always_o before_o the_o metropolitan_a church_n of_o all_o wales_n 1103_o in_o the_o year_n 1103._o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n die_v after_o great_a misery_n and_o long_a sickness_n then_o also_o richard_n the_o son_n of_o baldwyn_n do_v fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o ridcor_n and_o chase_v howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n out_z of_o the_o country_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v give_v the_o custody_n of_o that_o castle_n who_o nevertheless_o return_v short_o after_o and_o burn_v all_o the_o country_n house_n corn_n and_o hay_o and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o normanes_n as_o they_o return_v homeward_o and_o keep_v all_o the_o country_n in_o his_o subjection_n except_o the_o castle_n and_o these_o garrison_n at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n do_v take_v the_o rule_n of_o dyvet_n from_o saer_n to_o who_o he_o have_v commit_v the_o same_o and_o give_v it_o to_o gerald_n who_o have_v be_v sometime_o steward_n there_o under_o arnulph_n then_o the_o normanes_n who_o be_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o rydcor_n and_o other_o castle_n there_o about_o see_v they_o can_v not_o have_v the_o upper_a hand_n of_o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n in_o open_a fight_n fall_v to_o their_o accustom_a practice_n of_o treason_n and_o so_o obtain_v their_o purpose_n in_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v one_o gwgan_n ap_fw-mi 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to_o be_v clean_o and_o honest_a as_o they_o term_v it_o shall_v fall_v into_o horrible_a uncleanlinesse_n and_o dishonesty_n abominable_a to_o a_o christian_n man_n 1100_o and_o this_o be_v a_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o and_o odd_a year_n after_o the_o incarnation_n of_o christ._n king_n henry_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n sail_v with_o a_o great_a power_n to_o normandy_n 83._o where_o his_o brother_n robert_n with_o robert_z de_fw-fr belesmo_n arnulph_n and_o william_n earl_n of_o mauritania_n give_v he_o battle_n but_o the_o king_n get_v the_o victory_n and_o take_v the_o duke_n his_o brother_n and_o william_n de_fw-fr mauritania_n prisoner_n and_o carry_v they_o to_o england_n who_o he_o commit_v to_o perpetual_a prison_n and_o cause_v his_o brother_n eye_n to_o be_v put_v out_o 84._o then_o short_o after_o die_v edgar_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o alexander_n his_o brother_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o place_n by_o consent_n of_o king_n henry_n at_o this_o time_n meyric_n and_o gruffyth_n the_o son_n of_o trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v both_o slay_v by_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n also_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n break_v the_o prison_n where_o he_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n and_o come_v home_o and_o get_v his_o own_o inheritance_n again_o and_o enjoy_v it_o quiet_o 1108_o the_o year_n 1108._o the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v overflow_v and_o drown_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o low_a country_n of_o flanders_n mayer_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v drive_v to_o seek_v themselves_o other_o dwell_a place_n who_o come_v to_o king_n henry_n and_o desire_v he_o to_o give_v they_o some_o void_a place_n to_o remain_v in_o who_o be_v very_o liberal_a of_o that_o which_o be_v not_o his_o own_o give_v they_o the_o land_n of_o ros_n in_o dyvet_n or_o westwales_n where_o pembroke_n tenby_n and_o haverford_n be_v now_o build_v 347._o &_o there_o they_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n as_o may_v well_o be_v perceive_v by_o their_o speech_n and_o condition_n far_o differ_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n at_o that_o time_n gerald_n steward_n do_v build_v again_o the_o castle_n of_o pembroke_n in_o a_o place_n call_v congarth_n vechan_n and_o bring_v thither_o all_o his_o household_n stuff_n and_o other_o good_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n then_o also_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n make_v a_o great_a feast_n in_o christmas_n and_o bad_a all_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o country_n to_o his_o house_n in_o dyvet_n among_o who_o come_v owen_n his_o son_n who_o be_v at_o his_o father_n house_n and_o hear_v the_o beauty_n of_o nest_n wife_n to_o gerald_n steward_n of_o pembroke_n praise_v above_o all_o the_o woman_n in_o the_o land_n be_v marvelous_a desirous_a to_o see_v she_o and_o for_o so_o much_o as_o gladys_n wife_n to_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n or_o tewdor_n and_o mother_n to_o nest_n be_v the_o daughter_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n and_o cozen_v germane_a to_o cadogan_n his_o father_n he_o with_o a_o few_o under_o the_o colour_n of_o friendship_n and_o cozenage_n go_v to_o see_v she_o &_o find_v the_o truth_n to_o surmount_v the_o fame_n he_o come_v home_o all_o inflame_v with_o her_o love_n and_o in_o that_o dote_a mood_n the_o same_o night_n return_v thither_o again_o with_o a_o sort_n of_o wild_a companion_n enter_v the_o castle_n privily_o and_o compass_v the_o chamber_n about_o and_o set_v the_o house_n on_o fire_n wherewith_o gerald_n and_o his_o wife_n awake_v and_o he_o will_v have_v issue_v out_o to_o know_v what_o that_o noise_n mean_v but_o his_o wife_n fear_v some_o treason_n stay_v he_o and_o counsel_v he_o to_o go_v to_o the_o privy_a and_o so_o pull_v up_o the_o board_n she_o help_v he_o out_o that_o way_n and_o then_o she_o come_v to_o the_o chamber_n door_n and_o say_v that_o there_o be_v none_o but_o she_o and_o her_o child_n yet_o they_o enter_v in_o and_o seek_v all_o about_o but_o when_o they_o can_v not_o find_v he_o they_o take_v she_o and_o her_o two_o son_n and_o a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n bear_v by_o a_o concubine_n to_o gerald_n and_o carry_v they_o away_o to_o powy_n and_o so_o burn_v the_o castle_n they_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n now_o when_o cadogan_n hard_o this_o he_o be_v very_o sorry_a and_o fear_v the_o king_n displeasure_n and_o forthwith_o go_v to_o powy_n and_o will_v his_o son_n to_o send_v home_o to_o gerald_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o his_o good_n but_o owen_n in_o no_o wise_a will_v depart_v with_o the_o woman_n yet_o at_o her_o request_n he_o send_v to_o gerald_n his_o child_n again_o and_o when_o richard_n bishop_n of_o london_n who_o the_o king_n have_v appoint_v warden_n of_o the_o march_n be_v at_o shrewsburie_n hard_o of_o this_o he_o be_v very_o sore_o offend_v and_o
the_o king_n put_v such_o confidence_n in_o he_o encourage_v his_o man_n to_o do_v their_o endeavour_n at_o this_o time_n to_o pleasure_v the_o king_n as_o they_o have_v do_v heretofore_o to_o offend_v he_o and_o so_o join_v with_o lhywarch_n they_o go_v towards_o stratywy_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o king_n son_n and_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o country_n they_o make_v a_o vow_n that_o neither_o man_n woman_n nor_o child_n shall_v escape_v their_o hand_n alive_a when_o the_o people_n understand_v of_o this_o cruel_a band_n they_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o country_n some_o to_o wood_n some_o to_o rock_n and_o cave_n and_o some_o to_o the_o king_n castle_n to_o save_v their_o life_n then_o they_o divide_v their_o people_n to_o enter_v the_o wood_n and_o strait_n which_o be_v very_o many_o in_o that_o country_n and_o owen_n himself_o take_v with_o he_o about_o 100_o man_n and_o enter_v the_o wood_n and_o perceive_v that_o man_n and_o cattle_n have_v pass_v that_o way_n who_o he_o follow_v and_o overtake_v &_o slaieng_v some_o of_o they_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n then_o take_v their_o cattle_n return_v back_o towards_o his_o company_n but_o at_o that_o instant_n behold_v gerald_n steward_n of_o penbroke_a with_o all_o his_o power_n of_o fleming_n be_v come_v to_o meet_v the_o king_n son_n and_o meet_v with_o they_o that_o flee_v who_o cry_v out_o unto_o he_o for_o help_v and_o declare_v that_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n have_v spoil_v they_o of_o all_o their_o good_n now_o when_o gerald_n and_o the_o fleming_n understand_v that_o owen_n be_v there_o with_o so_o little_a company_n they_o think_v it_o a_o meet_a time_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o their_o old_a wrong_n and_o so_o pursue_v he_o to_o the_o wood_n owen_n be_v warn_v by_o his_o man_n that_o a_o great_a number_n pursue_v he_o and_o counsel_v to_o make_v have_v away_o will_v not_o so_o do_v because_o he_o understand_v they_o that_o follow_v to_o be_v the_o king_n friend_n and_o 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england_n the_o king_n of_o elder_a time_n do_v never_o light_o call_v together_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o government_n to_o settle_v thing_n in_o quietness_n at_o their_o coronation_n or_o when_o some_o great_a war_n be_v in_o hand_n otherwise_o in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n the_o king_n do_v all_o thing_n by_o their_o officer_n with_o direction_n and_o edict_n or_o by_o such_o of_o the_o nobility_n as_o be_v chifee_n ruler_n in_o their_o several_a county_n after_o the_o death_n of_o owen_n his_o brethren_n divide_v his_o land_n between_o they_o save_v that_o which_o he_o have_v take_v by_o force_n from_o his_o uncle_n meredyth_n be_v the_o land_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n the_o name_n of_o his_o brethren_n be_v these_o madoc_n who_o mother_n be_v gwenlhian_n the_o daughter_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n blethyn_n eneon_n who_o mother_n be_v sanna_n the_o daughter_n of_o dyfnwal_n morgan_n who_o mother_n be_v evelhiw_n or_o elhiw_n the_o daughter_n of_o cadivor_n ap_fw-mi colhoyn_v lord_n of_o dyvet_n henry_n and_o gruffyth_n who_o mother_n be_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o lord_n pigot_n cadogan_n wed_v wife_n meredyth_n by_o eururon_n hoedliw_n owen_n be_v the_o son_n of_o inerth_n the_o daughter_n of_o edwin_n after_o this_o eneon_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n and_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v lead_v their_o power_n against_o a_o castle_n that_o vchtryd_v ap_fw-mi edwin_n have_v build_v at_o cymmer_n in_o merionyth_n for_o cadogan_n have_v give_v to_o his_o cousin_n germane_a vchtryd_v merionyth_n and_o cevilioc_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o and_o he_o shall_v be_v friend_n to_o his_o friend_n and_o foe_n to_o his_o foe_n in_o all_o cause_n but_o contrary_a to_o that_o condition_n he_o and_o his_o son_n be_v ever_o against_o cadogans_n child_n in_o every_o enterprise_n that_o they_o go_v about_o therefore_o after_o they_o have_v set_v upon_o the_o castle_n and_o slay_v diverse_a of_o the_o garrison_n the_o rest_n yield_v to_o they_o and_o so_o when_o they_o have_v win_v all_o the_o country_n they_o divide_v it_o betwixt_o they_o thus_o gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi meredyth_n have_v mowthwy_a cyvelioc_n and_o half_a penlhyn_n and_o the_o other_o half_n of_o penlhyn_n &_o merionyth_n come_v to_o eneon_n an._n 1116._o 1116_o king_n henry_n sail_v into_o normandy_n with_o a_o great_a army_n against_o the_o french_a king_n 89._o who_o with_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o other_o go_v about_o to_o make_v william_n son_n to_o robert_n curthoise_n duke_n of_o normandy_n but_o at_o king_n henry_n arrival_n they_o return_v home_o without_o honour_n this_o year_n die_v william_n strangbow_n of_o a_o consumption_n the_o next_o year_n after_o fell_a a_o great_a variance_n between_o howel_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n lord_n of_o ros_n and_o ryvonioc_n now_o denbighland_n and_o riryd_n and_o lhywarch_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n then_o howel_n send_v to_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o to_o eneon_n and_o madoc_n cadogan_n son_n for_o succour_n who_o come_v down_o from_o merionyth_n with_o 400._o man_n well_o appoint_v and_o meet_v with_o the_o son_n of_o owen_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o clwyd_n their_o own_o land_n which_o son_n of_o owen_n send_v for_o their_o coosines_n the_o son_n of_o vchtryd_v to_o come_v with_o their_o power_n to_o succour_v they_o &_o all_o these_o meet_v together_o with_o cruel_a heart_n and_o fight_v manful_o but_o in_o the_o end_n after_o great_a slaughter_n lhywarch_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n be_v slay_v and_o with_o he_o jorwerth_n the_o son_n of_o nudh_n which_o be_v a_o noble_a man_n and_o a_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o riryd_v flee_v and_o so_o howel_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n have_v the_o victory_n but_o he_o be_v so_o sore_o wound_v that_o he_o die_v within_o forty_o day_n after_o then_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n make_v speed_n home_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o frenchman_n which_o lie_v in_o garrison_n about_o chester_n 1120_o in_o the_o year_n 1120._o die_v murcart_n the_o worthy_a and_o great_a prince_n in_o all_o ireland_n and_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v a_o great_a battle_n fight_v between_o king_n henry_n 29._o and_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v overthrow_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o noble_n take_v 91_o and_o short_o after_o as_o king_n henry_n return_v towards_o england_n 92._o by_o misgovernment_n of_o the_o shipmaster_n there_o be_v a_o ship_n drown_v 30._o wherein_o perish_v the_o king_n two_o son_n william_n and_o richard_n with_o his_o daughter_n and_o niece_n and_o many_o other_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 150._o 358._o the_o next_o year_n after_o the_o king_n do_v marry_v adelyce_n daughter_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o louvain_n &_o forthwith_o prepare_v a_o great_a army_n against_o wales_n and_o come_v to_o powy_n land_n which_o when_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o the_o three_o son_n of_o cadogan_n eneon_n madoc_n and_o morgan_n see_v they_o send_v to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o desire_v succour_n at_o his_o hand_n and_o he_o answer_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o receive_v any_o of_o he_o nor_o enter_v within_o his_o land_n for_o he_o have_v make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n thus_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o aid_n from_o he_o they_o purpose_v to_o defend_v themselves_o within_o their_o own_o land_n after_o the_o best_a manner_n they_o can_v and_o set_v man_n to_o keep_v and_o defend_v the_o strait_n whereby_o their_o enemy_n must_v needs_o pass_v and_o as_o it_o chance_v the_o king_n himself_o with_o a_o small_a number_n come_v unto_o one_o of_o those_o deafen_a place_n for_o his_o whole_a army_n have_v goone_o a_o further_a way_n
about_o because_o of_o their_o carrage_v at_o who_o come_v the_o man_n which_o keep_v the_o strait_n skirmish_v with_o the_o king_n man_n and_o with_o their_o arrow_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n slay_v some_o and_o hurt_v many_o among_o these_o one_o draw_v his_o bow_n and_o shoot_v towards_o his_o foe_n by_o fortune_n strike_v the_o king_n a_o great_a blow_n upon_o the_o breast_n but_o by_o mean_a of_o his_o maze_n the_o a-row_o hurt_v he_o not_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v wonderful_o dismay_v withal_o &_o consider_v how_o rash_o by_o misfortune_n he_o may_v lose_v in_o that_o wild_a country_n the_o honour_n and_o fame_n which_o he_o have_v win_v before_o do_v send_v to_o parley_v with_o they_o that_o keep_v the_o passage_n and_o to_o will_v they_o under_o assurance_n to_o come_v and_o speak_v with_o he_o which_o they_o do_v then_o he_o ask_v they_o who_o man_n they_o be_v and_o how_o they_o dare_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o put_v the_o king_n in_o such_o danger_n and_o they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyns_n man_n and_o do_v nothing_o but_o their_o master_n commandment_n in_o keep_v the_o passage_n then_o the_o king_n will_v they_o to_o go_v to_o their_o master_n and_o counsel_v he_o to_o go_v to_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o he_o shall_v receive_v no_o hurt_n which_o he_o and_o his_o coosin_n do_v 1122_o and_o fine_v to_o the_o king_n for_o their_o offence_n 1000_o head_n of_o cattle_n and_o the_o king_n return_v to_o england_n king_n henry_n have_v thus_o quiet_v wales_n 〈◊〉_d leave_v the_o lord_n fitzwaren_a warden_n or_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o march_n return_v to_o england_n where_o he_o hold_v three_o parliament_n this_o year_n the_o first_o about_o christmas_n at_o norwych_n the_o second_o about_o easter_n at_o northampton_n and_o the_o three_o after_o whitsuntide_n at_o london_n the_o year_n ensue_v gruffyth_v ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n do_v kill_v gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi sulhaern_n and_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n die_v and_o give_v his_o part_n of_o powy_n and_o merionyth_n which_o he_o have_v win_v to_o his_o brother_n meredyth_n but_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n his_o uncle_n put_v he_o back_o by_o force_n &_o take_v it_o to_o himself_o at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n do_v set_v at_o liberty_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o he_o keep_v in_o prison_n many_o year_n who_o come_v home_o think_v to_o have_v enjoy_v his_o own_o land_n now_o when_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n hear_v how_o that_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n have_v take_v by_o force_n the_o land_n of_o his_o nephew_n meredyth_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n he_o send_v his_o son_n cadwalhon_n and_o owen_n with_o a_o power_n to_o merionyth_n who_o bring_v all_o the_o country_n to_o their_o subjection_n and_o carry_v the_o chief_a man_n and_o the_o cattle_n to_o lhyyn_v and_o afterward_o the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n destroy_v the_o land_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahaern_n because_o he_o join_v with_o the_o son_n of_o the_o prince_n 8._o about_o this_o time_n there_o come_v one_o johannes_n cremensis_n a_o cardinal_n from_o the_o pope_n who_o after_o he_o have_v get_v many_o rich_a gift_n and_o reward_n of_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n hold_v a_o synod_n at_o london_n at_o the_o nativity_n of_o our_o lady_n where_o he_o invey_v bitter_o against_o the_o marriage_n of_o priest_n declare_v how_o unseemelie_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o come_v from_o his_o woman_n to_o the_o altar_n and_o the_o same_o night_n he_o be_v find_v with_o a_o whore_n in_o bed_n with_o he_o 1125_o the_o year_n 1125._o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v kill_v his_o brother_n son_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n and_o short_o after_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n slay_v his_o three_o uncle_n grono_n riryd_n and_o meilyr_n the_o son_n owen_z ap_fw-mi edwin_n and_o also_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi cadogan_n slay_v his_o brother_n meredyth_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n 94._o about_o this_o time_n die_v henry_n the_o emperor_n who_o have_v marry_v maud_n king_n henry_n daughter_n and_o heir_n in_o the_o year_n 1127._o 1127_o the_o king_n send_v his_o daughter_n to_o normandy_n 361_o to_o be_v marry_v to_o geffrey_n plantagenet_n son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o anjou_n and_o follow_v himself_o short_o after_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n be_v put_v beside_o the_o land_n which_o the_o king_n have_v suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o possess_v by_o the_o false_a accusation_n of_o the_o normanes_n which_o dwell_v in_o the_o country_n with_o he_o and_o then_o also_o daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o powy_n die_v a_o man_n both_o learn_v and_o godly_a who_o travel_v all_o his_o time_n to_o set_v peace_n and_o concord_n betwixt_o his_o countryman_n an._n 1128._o die_v gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o the_o same_o year_n lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n take_v meredyth_n ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n and_o deliver_v he_o to_o pain_n fitziohn_n to_o be_v keep_v safe_a in_o the_o castle_n of_o brugenorth_n this_o meredyth_n have_v slay_v meyric_n his_o cousin_n germane_a and_o have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o his_o two_o cousin_n germans_n the_o son_n of_o griffri_n the_o year_n ensue_v jevaf_a the_o son_n of_o owen_n put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o two_o of_o his_o brethren_n and_o banish_v they_o the_o country_n also_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi owen_n slay_v jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n and_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n take_v the_o same_o lhewelyn_n his_o nephew_n &_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n geld_v he_o to_o the_o end_n he_o shall_v get_v no_o child_n that_o he_o may_v have_v his_o land_n and_o slay_v jevaf_fw-mi ap_fw-mi owen_n his_o brother_n also_o meyric_n slay_v lhywarch_n and_o madoc_n his_o son_n his_o own_o coosen_v who_o himself_o be_v so_o serve_v short_o after_o then_o morgan_n the_o son_n of_o cadogan_n repent_v he_o great_o for_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o brother_n meredyth_n wherefore_o he_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o die_v in_o his_o return_n at_o cyprus_n 1132_o in_o the_o year_n 1132._o robert_n curthoise_n the_o king_n brother_n die_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o cardiff_n 97._o the_o year_n follow_v cadwalhon_n son_n to_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n be_v slay_v at_o nanhewdwy_n 34._o by_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n his_o uncle_n who_o three_o brethren_n he_o have_v slay_v with_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi grono_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n that_o year_n also_o die_v meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n the_o great_a lord_n and_o chief_a man_n in_o powy_n as_o he_o that_o have_v get_v his_o brethren_n and_o nephew_n land_n by_o hook_n and_o by_o crook_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n in_o the_o year_n 1135._o die_v henry_n king_n of_o england_n one_o of_o the_o worthy_a and_o victorious_a prince_n that_o ever_o reign_v in_o the_o will_v of_o britain_n 1135_o after_o who_o stephen_n earl_n of_o boulogne_n son_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o bloys_n his_o sister_n son_n a_o stout_a and_o a_o hardy_a knight_n reign_v king_n of_o england_n 365_o for_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o hugh_n bygod_n steward_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n and_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n contrary_a to_o their_o former_a oath_n make_v to_o maud_n the_o empress_n create_v and_o crown_v he_o king_n 100_o then_o short_o after_o david_n king_n of_o scot_n win_v by_o treason_n carlisle_n and_o newcastle_n against_o who_o stephen_n lead_v a_o army_n to_o who_o david_n yield_v himself_o &_o restore_v newcastle_n and_o keep_v carlisle_n by_o composition_n but_o he_o will_v not_o swear_v to_o he_o boet._n for_o he_o have_v swear_v already_o to_o maud_n his_o nice_a yet_o henry_n his_o son_n swear_v to_o stephen_n and_o have_v the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdon_n give_v he_o this_o year_n richard_n and_o gilbert_n his_o son_n be_v slay_v by_o morgan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o short_o after_o cadwallader_n and_o owen_n gwyneth_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi conan_n in_o who_o remain_v the_o hope_n of_o all_o wales_n for_o they_o be_v gentle_a &_o liberal_a to_o all_o man_n terrible_a and_o cruel_a to_o their_o enemy_n meek_a and_o humble_a to_o their_o friend_n the_o succour_n and_o defence_n of_o widow_n fatherless_a and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o necessity_n and_o as_o they_o pass_v all_o other_o in_o good_a and_o laudable_a virtue_n so_o they_o be_v paragon_n of_o strength_n beauty_n and_o well_o proportionat_a body_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n against_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n who_o enter_v cardigan_n wan_a destroy_v and_o burn_v the_o whole_a country_n with_o the_o castle_n of_o walter_n espec_n the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n which_o be_v very_o strong_a and_o well_o man_v and_o thither_o come_v howel_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n who_o go_v forward_o and_o raze_v
cause_v engine_n to_o be_v make_v to_o batter_v the_o wall_n with_o force_n of_o man_n and_o other_o to_o cast_v great_a stone_n to_o their_o enemy_n &_o to_o disquiet_v the_o garrison_n which_o preparation_n when_o they_o within_o behold_v their_o stomach_n fail_v and_o forthwith_o they_o yield_v the_o fort_n than_o howel_n return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n short_o after_o there_o fall_v a_o great_a dissension_n betwixt_o howel_n and_o conan_n prince_n owen_n son_n and_o cadwallader_n their_o uncle_n whereupon_o they_o call_v their_o strength_n unto_o they_o and_o enter_v the_o country_n of_o merionyth_n where_o the_o people_n flee_v to_o the_o sanctuary_n to_o save_v their_o life_n these_o two_o young_a lord_n make_v proclamation_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v hurt_v those_o that_o will_v yield_v to_o they_o whereupon_o the_o people_n which_o have_v flee_v return_v to_o their_o house_n without_o hurt_n thus_o they_o bring_v all_o the_o country_n in_o subjection_n to_o they_o &_o lead_v their_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o cynvael_n which_o cadwallader_n have_v build_v and_o fortify_v wherein_o be_v the_o abbot_n of_o tuygwyn_n or_o whitehouse_n to_o who_o the_o lord_n have_v commit_v the_o defence_n of_o his_o castle_n then_o howel_n and_o conan_n summon_v the_o fort_n with_o great_a threaten_n but_o they_o within_o defy_v they_o whereupon_o howel_n &_o conan_n promise_v the_o abbot_n meruyn_n great_a reward_n to_o let_v they_o have_v the_o house_n but_o he_o like_o a_o faithful_a servant_n who_o neither_o terrible_a manace_n nor_o pleasant_a proffer_n can_v move_v to_o untruth_n but_o as_o his_o lord_n trust_v he_o so_o will_v he_o continue_v still_o and_o not_o deceive_v his_o expectation_n deny_v they_o of_o the_o same_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v with_o honour_n than_o to_o live_v with_o shame_n with_o which_o answer_n the_o young_a lord_n be_v great_o offend_v that_o a_o priest_n shall_v stay_v their_o prosperous_a proceed_n and_o thereupon_o assault_v the_o castle_n so_o sore_o that_o after_o they_o have_v beat_v down_o the_o wall_n they_o enter_v by_o force_n and_o slay_v and_o wound_v all_o the_o garrison_n save_v the_o abbot_n who_o escape_v away_o privily_o by_o mean_n of_o friend_n who_o he_o have_v in_o howel_n army_n the_o year_n 1147._o 1147_o die_v robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n &_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n &_o vchthred_a bishop_n of_o landaff_n after_o who_o nicholas_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n be_v make_v bishop_n and_o the_o year_n 1148._o 1148_o die_v barnard_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n or_o menevia_fw-la cam._n &_o after_o he_o come_v david_n fitzgerald_n to_o be_v bishop_n there_o who_o be_v before_o archdeacon_n of_o caerdigan_n rodwyth_n the_o year_n ensue_v owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v build_v a_o castle_n in_o yale_n and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n build_v another_o at_o lhanrystyd_n and_o give_v cadogan_n his_o son_n his_o part_n of_o caerdigan_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o oswestrie_n oswestrie_n and_o give_v his_o nephew_n owen_n and_o meyric_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n his_o part_n of_o cyvelioc_n the_o year_n after_o prince_n owen_n do_v imprison_v conan_n his_o son_n for_o certain_a fault_n commit_v against_o his_o father_n also_o prince_n owen_n son_n take_v his_o uncle_n cadwallader_n prisoner_n and_o bring_v his_o country_n and_o castle_n to_o his_o subjection_n at_o this_o time_n also_o cade_v the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o carmarthyn_n &_o from_o thence_o lead_v his_o army_n to_o cydwely_n where_o he_o destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n and_o after_o his_o return_n he_o join_v his_o power_n with_o meredyth_n and_o rees_n his_o brethren_n and_o enter_v caerdigan_n win_v the_o part_n call_v be_v aeron_n not_o long_o after_o there_o fall_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o rondel_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n then_o rondel_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o hire_a soldier_n from_o all_o part_n of_o england_n to_o who_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n disdain_v to_o hold_v his_o land_n of_o owen_n join_v all_o his_o power_n and_o they_o both_o together_o enter_v prince_n owen_n land_n who_o like_o a_o worthy_a prince_n not_o suffer_v the_o spoil_n of_o his_o subject_n meet_v they_o at_o counsylht_n and_o bold_o bid_v they_o battle_n which_o they_o refuse_v not_o but_o be_v more_o in_o number_n and_o better_o arm_v and_o weapon_v be_v glad_a of_o the_o occasion_n yet_o before_o the_o end_n they_o throw_v away_o weapon_n and_o armour_n and_o trust_v their_o foot_n who_o the_o north-wales_n man_n do_v so_o pursue_v that_o few_o escape_v but_o be_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v save_v the_o chief_a captain_n who_o horse_n carry_v they_o away_o clear_a in_o the_o year_n 1150._o 1150_o cadelh_n meredyth_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n win_v all_o caerdigan_n from_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n save_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanvihangel_n in_o pengwern_n and_o at_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanrystyd_n they_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o man_n therefore_o they_o slay_v all_o the_o garrison_n when_o they_o win_v it_o and_o thence_o they_o go_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o stratmeyric_n which_o they_o fortify_v and_o man_v and_o then_o return_v home_o this_o cadelh_n have_v a_o great_a pleasure_n in_o hunt_v and_o use_v much_o that_o pastime_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o tenby_n or_o denbigh_n y_o pyscot_n in_o pembroke_n shire_n know_v they_o lay_v in_o ambushment_n for_o he_o and_o so_o when_o this_o lord_n have_v uncouple_v his_o hound_n and_o pursue_v the_o stag_n with_o a_o few_o companion_n they_o fierslie_o set_v on_o he_o &_o his_o company_n and_o see_v they_o be_v but_o few_o and_o unarm_v they_o easy_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o wound_a cadelh_n very_o sore_o yet_o he_o escape_v their_o hand_n &_o come_v to_o his_o house_n where_o he_o lie_v a_o long_a time_n like_o to_o die_v then_o his_o brethren_n meredyth_n &_o rees_n enter_v gwyr_n where_o burn_a and_o destro_v all_o the_o country_n they_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o aberlhychwr_n &_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o great_a booty_n re-edify_v the_o castle_n of_o dynevowr_n the_o same_o year_n also_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n fortify_v humfreys_n castle_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o caletwr_n in_o the_o year_n 1151._o 1151_o owen_n gwyneth_n take_v cunetha_n his_o brother_n cadwalhon_n his_o son_n and_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o geld_v he_o lest_o he_o shall_v have_v child_n to_o inherit_v part_n of_o the_o land_n lhewelyn_n also_o the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n slay_v stephen_n the_o son_n of_o baldwin_n about_o the_o same_o time_n cadwallader_n the_o brother_n of_o prince_n owen_n escape_v out_o of_o his_o nephew_n howel_n prison_n and_o subdue_v part_n of_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n to_o himself_o but_o his_o brother_n owen_n send_v a_o army_n against_o he_o and_o chase_v he_o thence_o who_o flee_v to_o england_n for_o succour_v to_o his_o wife_n friend_n for_o she_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n 41._o the_o same_o year_n galfride_n arthur_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o lhanelwy_a now_o call_v in_o english_a saint_n asaph_n also_o simon_n archdeacon_n of_o cyvelioc_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worthiness_n and_o fame_n dye_v at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o the_o year_n ensue_v meredyth_n and_o rees_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n do_v lead_v their_o power_n to_o penwedic_n before_o the_o castle_n which_o do_v belong_v to_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n and_o with_o great_a pain_n get_v it_o short_o after_o privily_o by_o night_n they_o come_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o tennbie_n which_o be_v in_o the_o keep_n of_o fitzgerald_n and_o scale_v it_o upon_o the_o sudden_a and_o get_v it_o and_o do_v so_o revenge_v their_o brother_n hurt_n then_o return_v thence_o they_o divide_v their_o army_n and_o rees_n go_v to_o stratcongen_n which_o he_o destroy_v and_o spoil_v and_o go_v thence_o to_o cyvelioc_n which_o he_o destroy_v in_o like_a manner_n but_o meredyth_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o aberavan_n and_o win_v it_o and_o come_v home_o with_o rich_a spoil_n 20._o at_o this_o time_n die_v rondle_v earl_n of_o chester_n and_o hugh_n his_o son_n be_v create_v earl_n in_o his_o place_n 1153_o in_o the_o year_n 1153._o die_v meredyth_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n lord_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o stratywy_n in_o the_o 25._o year_n of_o his_o age_n a_o worthy_a knight_n and_o fortunate_a in_o battle_n just_a and_o liberal_a to_o all_o man_n also_o the_o
say_a hawys_n as_o it_o seem_v unto_o he_o have_v more_o right_a to_o her_o father_n possession_n be_v in_o her_o uncle_n hand_n than_o they_o to_o she_o but_o to_o make_v a_o final_a end_n between_o they_o order_n and_o composition_n be_v take_v that_o hawys_n shall_v enjoy_v her_o inheritance_n in_o fee_n simple_a to_o she_o and_o to_o her_o heir_n for_o ever_o after_o the_o tenure_n of_o england_n and_o that_o her_o uncle_n lhewelyn_n john_n david_n and_o gruffyth_n shall_v hold_v their_o portion_n to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n male_a for_o ever_o and_o in_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n male_a the_o same_o to_o descend_v and_o remain_v to_o the_o say_v hawys_n and_o to_o her_o heir_n for_o ever_o mowthwy_fw-fr william_n lord_n of_o mowthwy_a otherwise_o call_v wilcocke_n mowthwy_a be_v the_o four_o son_n because_o he_o do_v not_o trouble_v his_o say_a néece_n hawy_n about_o her_o inheritance_n have_v his_o land_n confirm_v and_o assure_v in_o fee_n simple_a to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n general_a male_a or_o female_a forever_o he_o marry_v alianor_n the_o sister_n of_o elen_n owen_n glyndowre_v mother_n the_o daughter_n of_o thomas_n son_n of_o lhewelyn_n son_n of_o owen_n son_n of_o meredyth_n son_n of_o owen_n son_n of_o gruffyth_n son_n of_o rees_n son_n of_o gruffyth_n son_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n prince_n of_o southwales_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n john_n de_fw-fr mowthwy_fw-fr john_n the_o son_n of_o william_n lord_n of_o mowthwy_n have_v issue_n elizabeth_n his_o daughter_n and_o sole_a heir_n which_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n hugh_n burgh_n knight_n sir_n hugh_n burgh_n knight_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n lord_n of_o mowthwy_a have_v issue_n sir_n john_n burgh_n sir_n john_n burgh_n lord_n of_o mowthwy_a marry_v jane_n the_o daughter_n of_o sir_n william_n clopton_n knight_n lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o clopton_n and_o radbrooke_n in_o the_o county_n of_o gloucester_n and_o by_o she_o have_v issue_n four_o daughter_n elizabeth_z ancreda_n isabella_n and_o alianor_n elizabeth_n marry_v to_o thomas_n newport_n father_n of_o john_n father_n of_o thomas_n father_n of_o sir_n richard_n newport_n knight_n late_o decease_v father_n of_o francis_n and_o andrew_n now_o live_v ancreda_n marry_v to_o john_n leighton_n of_o stretton_n father_n of_o sir_n thomas_n leighton_n of_o watelsborough_n knight_n father_n of_o john_n leighton_n father_n of_o edward_n leighton_n esquire_n elder_a son_n and_o of_o sir_n thomas_n leighton_n knight_n second_o son_n now_o live_v isabella_n marry_v to_o john_n lingen_n father_n of_o sir_n john_n lingen_n knight_n and_o alianor_n marry_v to_o thomas_n mytton_n father_n of_o william_n mytton_n father_n of_o richard_n mytton_n who_o by_o partition_n have_v among_o the_o say_a coheire_n enjoy_v the_o say_a signiory_n and_o lordship_n of_o mowthwy_n the_o say_v john_n charleton_n first_o of_o that_o surname_n have_v issue_n by_o the_o say_v hawys_n john_n and_o die_v an._n 1353._o john_n charleton_n the_o second_o lord_n powy_n hold_v that_o signiory_n seven_o year_n and_o then_o die_v an._n 1360._o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n and_o heir_n call_v also_o john_n john_n charleton_n the_o three_o lord_n powy_n succéede_v his_o father_n and_o enjoy_v that_o lordship_n fouretéene_v year_n and_o then_o die_v an._n 1374._o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n john_n and_o edward_n john_n charleton_n the_o four_o lord_n powy_n possess_v his_o father_n inheritance_n after_o he_o 27._o year_n and_o then_o die_v without_o issue_n an._n 1401._o edward_n charleton_n brother_n and_o heir_n to_o the_o say_v john_n succéede_v he_o in_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n and_o hold_v the_o same_o 19_o year_n he_o marry_v alianor_n daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o of_o thomas_n earl_n of_o kent_n be_v the_o widow_n of_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n and_o mother_n to_o anne_n countess_n of_o cambridge_n the_o mother_n of_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n and_o have_v issue_n by_o she_o two_o daughter_n his_o heir_n jane_n elder_a daughter_n marry_v to_o sir_n john_n grace_n knight_n and_o joyce_n second_o daughter_n marry_v to_o john_n lord_n tiptoft_n by_o who_o she_o have_v issue_n john_n lord_n tiptoft_n create_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_o earl_n of_o worcester_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o four_o daughter_n philip_z joyce_n joane_n and_o margaret_n the_o first_o philip_n marry_v to_o thomas_n lord_n ros._n the_o second_o joyce_n marry_v to_o edmond_n dudley_n son_n and_o heir_n to_o john_n baron_fw-fr dudley_n the_o three_o joane_n marry_v to_o sir_n edward_n inglethorp_n knight_n who_o have_v issue_n isabella_n marry_v to_o john_n nevil_n marquis_n montague_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v alianor_n this_o edward_n lord_n powy_n marry_v elizabeth_n the_o daughter_n of_o sir_n john_n barkley_n knight_n and_o die_v an._n 1420._o after_o who_o death_n the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n first_o the_o say_v elizabeth_n have_v for_o her_o dowry_n lhannerch_n hudol_n strat_n marchelh_v deuthwr_fw-mi and_o teirtref_n and_o marry_v to_o her_o second_o husband_n the_o baron_n of_o dudley_n the_o say_v jane_n the_o elder_a daughter_n have_v for_o her_o part_n caereneon_n mecham_n mochnant_n and_o plâsdinas_n the_o three_o joyce_n the_o young_a daughter_n have_v cyvelioc_n and_o arust_o henry_n grace_n the_o son_n of_o sir_n john_n grace_n knight_n and_o jane_n daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o edward_n chareleton_n lord_n powy_n be_v in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o say_v jane_n his_o mother_n lord_n powy_n he_o be_v also_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o create_v earl_n of_o tanqueruile_a and_o marry_v antigone_n base_a daughter_n to_o humphrey_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n four_o son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o and_o have_v issue_n richard_n humphrey_n and_o elizabeth_n the_o wife_n of_o sir_n roger_n kinaston_n richard_n grey_a lord_n powy_n marry_v margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o james_n lord_n audley_n and_o by_o she_o have_v issue_n john_n and_o elizabeth_n the_o wife_n of_o john_n ludlow_n son_n of_o sir_n richard_n ludlow_n knight_n which_o john_n and_o elizabeth_n have_v issue_v two_o daughter_n anne_z and_z alice_z anne_n the_o elder_a marry_a thomas_n vernon_n second_o son_n of_o sir_n henry_n vernon_n of_o haddon_n in_o the_o peke_n of_o who_o henry_n vernon_n of_o stokesay_n now_o live_v be_v descend_v alice_n the_o second_o daughter_n marry_v humphrey_n vernon_n three_o son_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n henry_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o say_v thomas_n of_o who_o john_n vernon_n of_o hodnet_n now_o live_v be_v descend_v john_n grace_n lord_n powy_n have_v issue_n john_n john_n grace_n lord_n powy_n have_v issue_n edward_n edward_n grace_n lord_n powy_n marry_v anne_n the_o daughter_n of_o charles_n brandon_n duke_n of_o suffolk_n and_o die_v without_o lawful_a issue_n the_o same_o year_n cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n be_v take_v by_o his_o brother_n eneon_n clyd_v and_o deliver_v to_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o send_v he_o to_o the_o king_n officer_n to_o be_v imprison_v at_o winchester_n from_o whence_o he_o escape_v short_o after_o and_o come_v to_o his_o country_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n remain_v in_o normandy_n all_o this_o year_n 130._o who_o son_n name_v also_o henry_n marry_v margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n the_o year_n next_o follow_v die_v meyric_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n then_o king_n henry_n and_o the_o french_a king_n fall_v at_o variance_n 46._o whereupon_o short_o after_o king_n henry_n go_v to_o gascoigne_n to_o chastise_v certain_a rebel_n there_o but_o in_o the_o year_n 1162._o 1162_o there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n 131._o at_o that_o time_n howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadogan_n ap_fw-mi athlestan_n glodrydh_fw-mi get_v the_o castle_n of_o walwern_n in_o cyvelioc_n and_o raze_v it_o which_o thing_n when_o it_o be_v tell_v owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n it_o displease_v he_o wonderful_o at_o the_o which_o he_o be_v so_o greeve_v that_o nothing_o can_v make_v he_o merry_a until_o such_o time_n as_o he_o have_v gather_v his_o power_n &_o come_v to_o lhanthinam_fw-la in_fw-la arust_o and_o thence_o fetch_v great_a spoil_n then_o the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n come_v all_o to_o their_o lord_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi who_o follow_v the_o spoil_n to_o seaverne_n side_n where_o the_o prince_n camp_n be_v whereof_o the_o prince_n see_v such_o a_o occasion_n of_o revenge_n offer_v he_o be_v right_o glad_a and_o set_v upon_o his_o enemy_n and_o slay_v the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n with_o their_o lord_n escape_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o rock_n then_o the_o prince_n be_v joyful_a of_o this_o revenge_n build_v up_o his_o castle_n again_o and_o fortify_v it_o strong_o the_o
steward_n of_o ireland_n and_o so_o it_o be_v conclude_v for_o the_o king_n go_v to_o ireland_n when_o the_o king_n be_v in_o his_o journey_n towards_o ireland_n the_o lord_n rees_n come_v to_o the_o king_n who_o receive_v he_o to_o his_o peace_n &_o confirm_v unto_o he_o all_o that_o he_o have_v then_o rees_n promise_v the_o king_n towards_o his_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n 300._o horse_n and_o 400._o ox_n and_o give_v he_o 14._o pledge_n then_o the_o king_n come_v to_o southwales_n &_o enter_v caerlhêon_n upon_o vske_n take_v the_o town_n from_o the_o lord_n thereof_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n keep_v the_o same_o to_o his_o own_o use_n wherefore_o jorwerth_n depart_v from_o the_o king_n and_o call_v to_o he_o his_o two_o son_n owen_n and_o howel_n who_o he_o have_v beget_v by_o angharat_n the_o daughter_n of_o vchtryd_v bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o his_o sister_n son_n morgan_z ap_fw-mi sitsylt_n ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n gather_v a_o number_n of_o man_n and_o upon_o the_o king_n departure_n enter_v the_o country_n spoil_v and_o burn_v as_o they_o go_v and_o take_v the_o town_n of_o caerlhêon_n and_o destroy_v it_o save_o the_o castle_n which_o they_o can_v not_o get_v but_o the_o king_n keep_v on_o his_o iornie_n to_o pembroke_n and_o there_o he_o give_v rees_n all_o caerdigan_n stratywy_n arust_o &_o eluel_n then_o rees_n be_v at_o aberteivi_fw-la which_o he_o have_v win_v from_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o fortify_v of_o late_a come_v from_o thence_o to_o pembroke_n in_o the_o calend_n of_o october_n and_o speak_v with_o the_o king_n and_o return_v again_o the_o day_n after_o and_o then_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o horse_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v thither_o for_o the_o king_n 86._o and_o make_v they_o to_o be_v bring_v to_o pembroke_n and_o present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n who_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o same_o 36._o of_o the_o best_a and_o send_v the_o rest_n back_o again_o with_o great_a thanks_n the_o same_o day_n the_o king_n go_v to_o saint_n david_n and_o offer_v there_o dine_v with_o the_o bishop_n david_n the_o son_n of_o gerald_n cousin_n germane_a to_o rees_n whither_o richard_n strangbowe_n earl_n of_o strigule_n come_v from_o ireland_n to_o speak_v with_o the_o king_n and_o after_o dinner_n the_o king_n return_v to_o pembroke_n within_o a_o while_n after_o the_o king_n be_v at_o the_o white_a house_n render_v to_o rees_n howel_n his_o son_n who_o have_v be_v long_o for_o pledge_v with_o he_o and_o then_o also_o he_o give_v he_o day_n for_o the_o other_o pledge_n and_o for_o his_o tribute_n till_o his_o return_n from_o ireland_n 168._o the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o morrow_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n luke_n the_o evangelist_n the_o king_n take_v ship_v there_o and_o have_v fair_a passage_n to_o ireland_n and_o so_o land_v at_o dublyne_n where_o he_o lie_v quiet_o that_o winter_n the_o christmas_n follow_v henry_n the_o young_a king_n keep_v a_o solemn_a feast_n where_o william_n s._n john_n procurator_n of_o normandy_n and_o william_n fitzhamon_n seneschal_n of_o britain_n and_o 110._o beside_o be_v make_v knight_n in_o the_o year_n 1172._o there_o fall_v a_o great_a plague_n among_o the_o king_n soldier_n in_o ireland_n 1172_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o change_n of_o the_o air_n and_o victual_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n return_v and_o land_v in_o wales_n in_o the_o passion_n week_n and_o remain_v in_o pembroke_n on_o easter_n day_n and_o the_o day_n follow_v and_o on_o tuesdaie_n take_v his_o journey_n towards_o england_n then_o the_o lord_n rees_n meet_v with_o he_o at_o talacharn_n to_o do_v his_o duty_n the_o king_n as_o he_o pass_v from_o cardyf_n by_o the_o new_a castle_n upon_o vske_n send_v for_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n to_o come_v &_o speak_v with_o he_o under_o safe_a conduct_n to_o he_o his_o son_n and_o friend_n mean_v to_o conclude_v peace_n with_o he_o and_o so_o to_o quiet_v all_o wales_n whereupon_o jorwerth_n take_v his_o journey_n towards_o the_o king_n and_o send_v word_n to_o owen_n his_o son_n be_v a_o lusty_a young_a gentleman_n to_o meet_v with_o he_o by_o the_o way_n but_o as_o he_o come_v at_o his_o father_n commandment_n the_o earl_n of_o brystowe_v man_n hear_v of_o it_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o new_a castle_n upon_o vske_n and_o lay_v wait_v for_o he_o by_o the_o way_n be_v under_o the_o king_n safe_a conduct_n &_o trust_v to_o his_o promise_n and_o sudden_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o murder_v he_o traitorouslie_o and_o cowardly_a be_v unarm_v and_o have_v but_o a_o few_o in_o his_o company_n which_o thing_n when_o his_o father_n hear_v by_o some_o of_o his_o man_n that_o have_v escape_v he_o be_v very_o sorry_a and_o return_v home_o with_o all_o his_o friend_n and_o his_o son_n howel_n and_o will_v never_o afterward_o trust_v neither_o the_o king_n promise_n nor_o any_o englishmans_fw-mi but_o forthwith_o gather_v all_o the_o power_n &_o friend_n that_o he_o can_v make_v and_o without_o mercy_n destroy_v all_o the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o hereford_n and_o gloucester_n to_o avenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o son_n then_o the_o king_n make_v the_o lord_n rees_n chief_a justice_n of_o all_o southwales_n by_o commission_n and_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o normandy_n in_o the_o same_o year_n die_v cadwallader_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o have_v by_o his_o wife_n alice_n the_o daughter_n of_o richard_n clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n cunetha_n radulph_n and_o richard_n and_o by_o other_o woman_n he_o have_v caduan_n cadwallader_n eneon_n meredyth_n goch_n and_o cadwalhon_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n sitsylt_n ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n and_o jevan_fw-mi ap_fw-mi sitsylt_n ap_fw-mi riryd_v get_v the_o castle_n of_o abergevenny_n upon_o the_o sudden_a and_o take_v the_o king_n garrison_n prisoner_n and_o the_o year_n ensue_v be_v the_o fair_a winter_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v at_o this_o time_n there_o fall_v a_o variance_n betwixt_o the_o two_o king_n of_o england_n 169._o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n and_o there_o cleaved_a to_o the_o son_n the_o queen_n his_o mother_n and_o both_o his_o brethren_n geffrey_n and_o richard_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o william_n patrick_n with_o the_o three_o son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o mellent_a camerarius_fw-la de_fw-la tancquervilla_fw-la valeran_n de_fw-fr hibera_n gilbert_n de_fw-fr regularijs_fw-la simon_n de_fw-fr montfort_n queen_n radulph_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hay_n hugh_n de_fw-fr s._n maura_n and_o the_o french_a king_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n give_v the_o young_a king_n aid_n who_o take_v hugh_n lacie_n and_o hugh_n beauchamp_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o vernoyle_n 169._o yet_o the_o elder_a king_n be_v not_o discourage_v who_o have_v almains_n and_o brabanter_n to_o his_o soldier_n 437_o also_o rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n send_v to_o he_o howel_n his_o son_n with_o a_o goodly_a company_n of_o man_n to_o serve_v he_o and_o the_o king_n be_v very_o glad_a &_o send_v the_o lord_n rees_n great_a thanks_o king_n henry_n overthrow_v his_o enemy_n diverse_a time_n and_o take_v radulph_n de_fw-fr fulgerijs_fw-la and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n prisoner_n but_o william_n patrick_n and_o haftulph_n de_fw-fr hilario_n escape_v also_o the_o earl_n of_o leycester_n &_o hugh_n de_fw-fr novo_fw-la castello_n as_o they_o begin_v a_o stir_n in_o england_n be_v take_v at_o bury_v by_o the_o elder_a king_n soldier_n and_o commit_v to_o prison_n in_o this_o mean_a time_n jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n bring_v his_o power_n against_o caerlhêon_n and_o they_o of_o the_o town_n fight_v with_o he_o who_o he_o overthrow_v and_o take_v many_o prisoner_n of_o they_o and_o win_v the_o town_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o be_v yield_v he_o forthwith_o in_o exchange_n for_o his_o prisoner_n then_o also_o his_o son_n howel_n bring_v all_o gwentîs_n coet_n the_o castle_n only_o except_v to_o his_o subjection_n and_o take_v pledge_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n also_o at_o this_o time_n david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n make_v war_n against_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n which_o keep_v the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n &_o bring_v his_o people_n over_o mênai_n for_o so_o that_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v call_v which_o separate_v that_o will_v from_o the_o main_a land_n and_o chase_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o the_o will_v to_o ireland_n bring_v all_o the_o will_v to_o his_o subjection_n also_o he_o expel_v all_o his_o brethren_n and_o coosen_v out_o of_o north-wales_n and_o take_v all_o their_o land_n to_o himself_o and_o take_v his_o brother_n maelgon_n as_o he_o come_v from_o ireland_n keep_v he_o in_o close_a prison_n then_o conan_n his_o brother_n die_v 1175_o in_o the_o year_n 1175._o
howel_n the_o son_n of_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n of_o caerlhêon_n take_v his_o uncle_n owen_n pencarn_n prisoner_n &_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n geld_v he_o lest_o he_o shall_v beget_v child_n which_o shall_v inherit_v caerlhêon_n and_o gwent_n but_o god_n provide_v a_o punishment_n for_o he_o for_o upon_o the_o saturdaie_o follow_v there_o come_v a_o great_a army_n of_o normanes_n and_o englishman_n before_o the_o town_n and_o win_v it_o with_o the_o castle_n manger_n howel_n and_o his_o father_n who_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o his_o son_n lewd_a deed_n 174._o also_o this_o year_n the_o elder_a king_n come_v to_o england_n then_o william_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o roger_n de_fw-fr mobbray_n be_v take_v prisoner_n at_o alnewike_n by_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o north_n 238._o as_o they_o come_v to_o destroy_v england_n in_o the_o quarrel_n of_o the_o young_a king_n therefore_o the_o elder_a king_n put_v they_o in_o safe_a keep_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o leycester_n receive_v hugh_n bygod_n erle_n of_o norfolk_n to_o his_o peace_n and_o so_o return_v to_o normandy_n with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o welshman_n 437._o which_o be_v send_v he_o from_o david_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o who_o the_o king_n give_v his_o sister_n emme_n in_o marriage_n then_o the_o king_n send_v the_o welshman_n over_o the_o river_n of_o seine_n to_o cut_v away_o the_o victual_n which_o come_v to_o his_o enemy_n camp_n wherefore_o the_o french_a king_n come_v to_o a_o parley_n and_o short_o they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n so_o that_o all_o the_o brethren_n desire_v the_o father_n forgiveness_n also_o at_o this_o time_n david_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n be_v bold_a of_o the_o king_n affinity_n do_v imprison_v his_o own_o brother_n roderike_n in_o bolt_n because_o he_o desire_v part_n of_o his_o father_n land_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v both_o the_o king_n come_v to_o england_n and_o the_o scottish_a king_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n who_o become_v liegeman_n unto_o king_n henry_n and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o with_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o scotland_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o deliver_v the_o king_n the_o town_n of_o rocksburgh_n and_o berwicke_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o maiden_n 440._o short_o after_o die_v reginald_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n base_a son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o issue_n and_o the_o king_n seize_v his_o land_n in_o england_n wales_n and_o normandy_n to_o himself_o for_o john_n his_o young_a son_n save_o a_o small_a portion_n which_o he_o leave_v to_o his_o daughter_n also_o about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v ralph_n earl_n of_o kyme_n and_o philip_n his_o son_n be_v create_v in_o his_o steed_n short_o after_o there_o die_v also_o william_n earl_n of_o arundel_n at_o waverley_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o wyndham_n whereof_o he_o be_v patron_n this_o year_n also_o rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n come_v to_o the_o king_n court_n at_o gloucester_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o such_o lord_n of_o southwales_n as_o have_v offend_v the_o king_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n which_o please_v the_o king_n wonderful_o who_o name_n be_v these_o cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n of_o melyenyth_n reese_n cousin_n germane_a eneon_n clyt_v of_o eluel_n eneon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n of_o werthrynion_n which_o two_o have_v marry_v two_o of_o his_o daughter_n camb._n morgan_z ap_fw-mi caradoc_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n of_o glamorgan_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi juor_fw-la ap_fw-mi meyric_n of_o senghennyth_n sitsylt_v ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n of_o high_a ggo_v which_o three_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n and_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n of_o caerlhêon_n who_o the_o king_n receive_v all_o to_o his_o peace_n and_o restore_v to_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n caerlhéon_n again_o and_o so_o they_o return_v home_o with_o great_a joy_n 1176_o but_o short_o after_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n lord_n of_o brechnock_n desire_v sitsylt_n ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n 439._o geffrey_n his_o son_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o worshipfull_a man_n of_o gwent_n land_n to_o a_o feast_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o abergevenny_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v of_o they_o by_o composition_n and_o they_o mistrust_v no_o harm_n come_v thither_o but_o he_o like_o a_o traitor_n and_o murderer_n have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o arm_a man_n within_o the_o castle_n which_o fall_v upon_o this_o lord_n and_o the_o rest_n and_o without_o mercy_n slay_v they_o all_o and_o forthwith_o go_v to_o sitsylt_n house_n be_v not_o far_o thence_o and_o take_v his_o wife_n and_o slay_v cadwallader_n his_o son_n before_o his_o mother_n face_n and_o destroy_v the_o house_n and_o this_o be_v a_o lamentable_a day_n to_o all_o the_o land_n of_o gwent_n and_o a_o lesson_n for_o all_o man_n to_o take_v heed_n of_o their_o enemy_n 176._o this_o william_n lord_n bruse_n have_v the_o welshman_n within_o his_o castle_n of_o abergevenny_n to_o seek_v a_o quarrel_n propound_v unto_o they_o certain_a article_n to_o be_v by_o they_o keep_v and_o perform_v and_o among_o other_o thing_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n carry_v about_o they_o in_o their_o journey_n either_o bow_n or_o sword_n for_o the_o observe_n of_o the_o which_o he_o will_v have_v have_v they_o to_o be_v swear_v which_o they_o refuse_v to_o do_v whereupon_o he_o fall_v out_o with_o they_o call_v his_o man_n which_o be_v ready_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o cause_v they_o all_o thus_o to_o be_v murder_v and_o when_o that_o deed_n be_v do_v to_o cloak_n his_o treason_n with_o some_o reasonable_a excuse_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v report_v abroad_o that_o this_o he_o do_v in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o uncle_n henry_n de_fw-fr hereford_n who_o they_o on_o easter_n even_o before_o have_v slay_v in_o north-wales_n roderike_n break_v his_o brother_n prison_n and_o escape_v come_v to_o anglesey_n where_o all_o the_o country_n receive_v he_o for_o their_o lord_n because_o they_o abhor_v the_o ingratitude_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o unnaturallie_o disinherit_v all_o his_o brethren_n &_o coosen_v upon_o boldness_n of_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n the_o king_n this_o roderike_n also_o be_v receive_v as_o lord_n and_o prince_n in_o all_o the_o country_n above_o the_o river_n of_o conwey_n then_o prince_n david_n flee_v over_o conwey_n and_o there_o remain_v for_o a_o time_n this_o year_n die_v cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o brother_n to_o the_o lord_n rees_n after_o long_a sickness_n and_o be_v bury_v honourable_o at_o stratflur_n the_o next_o year_n die_v david_n fitzgerald_n bishop_n of_o menevia_fw-la and_o piers_n be_v install_v bishop_n in_o his_o place_n this_o year_n the_o lord_n rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n make_v a_o great_a feast_n at_o christmas_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o aberteivi_fw-la feast_n which_o feast_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v proclaim_v through_o all_o britain_n long_v before_o and_o thither_o come_v many_o stranger_n which_o be_v honourable_o receive_v and_o worthy_o entertain_v so_o that_o no_o man_n depart_v discontent_v and_o among_o deed_n of_o arm_n and_o other_o show_n rees_n cause_v all_o the_o poete_n of_o wales_n which_o be_v maker_n of_o song_n &_o recorder_n of_o gentleman_n petegree_n &_o arm_n of_o who_o every_o one_o be_v entitle_v by_o the_o name_n of_o bardh_n in_o latin_a bardus_n to_o come_v thither_o &_o provide_v chair_n for_o they_o to_o be_v set_v in_o his_o hall_n where_o they_o shall_v dispute_v together_o to_o try_v their_o cunning_n and_o gift_n in_o their_o faculty_n where_o great_a reward_n &_o rich_a gift_n be_v appoint_v for_o the_o overcomer_n among_o who_o they_o of_o north-wales_n win_v the_o price_n and_o among_o the_o musician_n reese_n own_o household_n man_n be_v count_v best_a short_o after_o eneon_n clyt_v and_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v both_o slay_v by_o treason_n of_o the_o normanes_n which_o inhabit_v the_o marsh_n at_o this_o time_n the_o lord_n rees_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o rayder_n gwy_n gwy_a that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o fall_n of_o wye_n for_o the_o river_n wye_n fall_v there_o over_o a_o great_a and_o a_o high_a rock_n at_o that_o time_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n make_v war_n against_o he_o 1179_o then_o also_o cadwalhon_n 453._o brother_n unto_o owen_n gwyneth_n and_o uncle_n to_o david_n and_o roderike_n who_o have_v flee_v to_o the_o king_n for_o succour_n as_o he_o be_v convey_v home_o by_o the_o king_n man_n to_o enjoy_v his_o patrimony_n be_v cruel_o murder_v by_o the_o way_n and_o find_v those_o who_o he_o hope_v to_o be_v his_o help_n and_o friend_n to_o be_v in_o deed_n traitor_n and_o butcher_n and_o about_o this_o time_n jone_n the_o daughter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o elder_a be_v marry_v to_o william_n king_n of_o sicily_n 27._o this_o year_n the_o bone_n of_o noble_a king_n arthur_n and_o gwenhovar_n his_o wife_n be_v find_v in_o the_o will_v of_o aualon_n
that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o will_v of_o apple_n without_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastenburie_n fifteen_o foot_n within_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o hollow_a elder_a tree_n and_o over_o the_o bone_n be_v a_o stone_n and_o a_o cross_n of_o lead_n time_n with_o a_o write_v turn_v towards_o the_o stone_n wherein_o be_v engrave_v these_o word_n hÃc_fw-la iacet_fw-la sepultus_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la artburus_fw-la in_o insula_fw-la aualonia_n the_o bone_n be_v of_o marvellous_a bigness_n and_o in_o the_o scull_n be_v ten_o wound_n of_o which_o one_o be_v great_a and_o seem_v to_o be_v his_o death_n wound_n the_o queen_n hair_n be_v to_o the_o sight_n fair_a and_o yellow_a but_o assoon_o as_o it_o be_v touch_v it_o fall_v to_o ash_n this_o grave_n be_v find_v by_o mean_n of_o a_o bardh_n or_o poet_n who_o the_o king_n hear_v at_o pembroke_n declare_v in_o a_o song_n the_o worthy_a act_n of_o that_o noble_a prince_n and_o the_o place_n of_o his_o burial_n lhoyd_n therefore_o let_v william_n paruus_fw-la and_o polydore_fw-la virgil_n with_o their_o complice_n stop_v their_o lie_v mouth_n and_o desist_v to_o obscure_v and_o darken_v the_o glister_a fame_n &_o noble_a renoun_n of_o so_o invincible_a and_o victorious_a a_o prince_n with_o the_o envious_a detraction_n and_o malicious_a slander_n of_o their_o reproachful_a and_o venomous_a tongue_n think_v that_o they_o may_v cover_v with_o the_o cloud_n of_o oblivion_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o pit_n of_o darkness_n those_o noble_a act_n and_o princely_a deed_n by_o their_o wilful_a ignorance_n and_o dogged_a envy_n whereof_o the_o trumpet_n of_o fame_n have_v sound_v not_o only_o in_o britain_n but_o also_o through_o out_o all_o europe_n but_o remit_v the_o discover_n and_o blaze_v of_o their_o canker_a mind_n towards_o the_o honour_n and_o fame_n of_o the_o briton_n to_o such_o as_o can_v better_o paint_v they_o in_o their_o colour_n i_o will_v return_v to_o my_o matter_n king_n henry_n the_o elder_a forsake_v his_o wife_n for_o certain_a consideration_n and_o keep_v she_o in_o prison_n many_o year_n 456_o and_o about_o this_o time_n ranulph_n de_fw-fr poer_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o gentleman_n be_v slay_v by_o certain_a young_a man_n of_o gwent_n land_n in_o revenge_n of_o their_o lord_n death_n cam._n this_o ranulph_n de_fw-fr poer_n be_v sheriff_n of_o glocestershire_n or_o as_o giraldus_n note_v of_o herefordshire_n who_o death_n the_o same_o author_n seem_v to_o impute_v unto_o himself_o for_o his_o cruel_a and_o unreasonable_a deal_n against_o the_o welshman_n 460._o but_o the_o king_n take_v the_o same_o very_o gréevouslie_o who_o be_v sore_o incense_v against_o they_o assemble_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o come_v with_o the_o same_o unto_o worcester_n mean_v to_o invade_v the_o enemy_n country_n but_o the_o lord_n rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi fear_v the_o king_n puissance_n thus_o bend_v against_o he_o and_o his_o countryman_n come_v by_o safe_a conduct_n unto_o worcester_n where_o submit_v himself_o he_o swear_v fealty_n to_o the_o king_n and_o become_v his_o liegeman_n promise_v to_o bring_v his_o son_n and_o nephew_n unto_o he_o for_o pledge_n but_o when_o according_a to_o his_o promise_n he_o will_v have_v bring_v they_o they_o remember_v how_o the_o other_o pledge_n before_o be_v use_v refuse_v to_o go_v with_o he_o and_o so_o the_o matter_n rest_v for_o that_o time_n 1183_o and_o the_o year_n 1183._o henry_n duke_n of_o saxony_n be_v banish_v his_o country_n come_v to_o king_n henry_n his_o father_n in_o law_n to_o normandy_n 189._o also_o this_o year_n henry_n the_o young_a king_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o roan_n 1184_o the_o year_n ensue_v the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n come_v into_o england_n and_o his_o wife_n be_v bring_v to_o bed_n of_o a_o son_n which_o be_v name_v william_n about_o this_o time_n william_n de_fw-fr mandevile_n earl_n of_o essex_n go_v to_o flanders_n with_o a_o army_n to_o succour_v the_o earl_n against_o the_o earl_n of_o henald_n or_o henagow_n short_o after_o 462._o john_n the_o king_n young_a son_n be_v dub_v knight_n and_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o ireland_n at_o which_o time_n hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n lord_n of_o meth_n be_v slay_v by_o a_o sick-man_n then_o john_n return_v home_o from_o ireland_n at_o christmas_n next_o follow_v also_o howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi lord_n of_o arust_o die_v &_o be_v bury_v at_o stratflur_n and_o the_o year_n 1186._o 1186_o die_v geffrey_n duke_n of_o britain_n the_o king_n three_o son_n 192._o leave_v behind_o he_o a_o daughter_n and_o his_o wife_n great_a with_o child_n of_o a_o son_n which_o afterward_o be_v name_v arthur_n 192._o at_o this_o time_n maud_n the_o empress_n die_v which_o be_v daughter_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o wife_n to_o henry_n the_o four_o emperor_n of_o almain_n than_o to_o geffrey_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o anjou_n and_o mother_n to_o the_o most_o noble_a king_n henry_n the_o second_o upon_o who_o tomb_n this_o epitaph_n be_v write_v ortu_fw-la magna_fw-la viro_fw-la maior_fw-la sed_fw-la maxima_fw-la partu_fw-la hîc_fw-la iacet_fw-la henricifilia_fw-la sponsa_fw-la parens_fw-la also_o this_o time_n cadwallader_n son_n to_o the_o lord_n rees_n be_v slay_v privily_o in_o westwales_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o tuy_n gwynn_n the_o next_o year_n owen_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o carrecgona_n hard_o by_o oswaldstree_n in_o the_o night_n time_n by_o gwenwynwyn_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n cyvelioc_n and_o short_o after_o lhewelyn_n son_n to_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n who_o be_v murder_v by_o the_o englishman_n be_v take_v by_o his_o own_o brethren_n and_o have_v his_o eye_n put_v out_o 1187_o about_o the_o year_n 1187._o baldwine_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n have_v in_o his_o company_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la archdeacon_n of_o brechnock_n 24._o visit_v wales_n be_v the_o first_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n that_o ever_o visit_v that_o country_n who_o the_o clergy_n of_o wales_n begin_v to_o resist_v cam._n allege_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o their_o metropolitical_a church_n of_o s._n david_n but_o they_o prevail_v not_o in_o this_o visitation_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o write_v by_o the_o say_v giraldus_n in_o his_o book_n which_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o itinerarium_fw-la cambriae_fw-la he_o procure_v and_o exhort_v as_o many_o as_o ever_o he_o can_v to_o take_v the_o cross_n and_o to_o vow_v the_o voyage_n against_o the_o saracen_n whereunto_o he_o persuade_v many_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o wales_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o say_v giraldus_n also_o this_o year_n maelgon_n son_n to_o the_o lord_n rees_n bring_v his_o power_n against_o tenbye_n 1188_o and_o by_o plain_a force_n win_v the_o town_n and_o spoil_v the_o same_o burn_v it_o to_o ash_n this_o lord_n be_v fair_a and_o comely_a of_o person_n honest_a and_o just_a of_o condition_n belove_v of_o his_o friend_n and_o fear_v of_o his_o foe_n against_o who_o especial_o the_o flemings_n he_o achieve_v diverse_a victory_n in_o the_o year_n 1189._o 1189_o henry_n the_o second_o surname_v curtmantel_n king_n of_o all_o britain_n duke_n of_o gascon_a gwyen_n and_o normandy_n pass_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a life_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o fonteverard_n &_o after_o he_o richard_n his_o son_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o place_n who_o receive_v homage_n of_o william_n king_n of_o scot_n 63._o and_o deliver_v he_o again_o the_o castle_n of_o maiden_n or_o edinburgh_n roksburgh_n and_o berwicke_n which_o king_n henry_n have_v long_o keep_v also_o this_o year_n the_o lord_n rees_n gather_v all_o his_o strength_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o seynclere_n abercorran_n and_o lhanstephan_n and_o bring_v all_o the_o whole_a country_n to_o his_o subjection_n take_v maelgon_v his_o son_n in_o who_o remain_v all_o the_o hope_n of_o southwales_n who_o he_o keep_v in_o prison_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v rees_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o cydwely_n and_o gwenlhian_n his_o daughter_n die_v the_o fair_a and_o goodly_a woman_n in_o all_o wales_n 208._o about_o this_o time_n king_n richard_n make_v the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n for_o a_o 1000_o pound_n and_o afterward_o he_o say_v in_o jest_n that_o he_o have_v make_v a_o young_a earl_n of_o a_o old_a bishop_n short_o after_o king_n richard_n take_v his_o journey_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n to_o make_v against_o the_o enemy_n of_o christ_n faith_n 65._o then_o the_o bishop_n of_o elie_n the_o king_n chanceler_n and_o vicegerent_n make_v a_o great_a ditch_n about_o the_o town_n of_o london_n at_o this_o time_n gruffyth_v maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n a_o noble_a man_n and_o a_o wise_a and_o one_o that_o in_o liberality_n pass_v all_o the_o lord_n and_o noble_a man_n of_o his_o time_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o myvot_fw-la he_o
have_v by_o his_o wife_n angharat_n the_o daughter_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n a_o son_n call_v madoc_n who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o that_o part_n of_o powy_n call_v powy_n vadoc_n about_o the_o same_o time_n diverse_a noble_a man_n of_o england_n die_v at_o acon_n 217._o as_o henry_n earl_n of_o leycester_n the_o earl_n ferrer_n ranulph_n de_fw-fr fulgerijs_fw-la ranulph_n de_fw-fr alta_fw-la ripa_fw-la in_o those_o day_n william_n martial_n geffrey_n fitzpeter_n hugh_n bardulf_n and_o william_n briwer_n be_v the_o noble_n that_o bear_v most_o rule_v in_o england_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n then_o also_o rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n win_v the_o castle_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o owen_n his_o son_n die_v at_o strata_fw-la florida_fw-la or_o stratflur_v about_o this_o time_n king_n richard_n win_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cypress_n and_o give_v it_o to_o gwido_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v release_v to_o richard_n his_o claim_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o he_o do_v then_o the_o king_n be_v at_o cyprus_n marry_v berengaria_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o navarra_n short_o after_o maelgon_n the_o son_n of_o the_o lord_n rees_n escape_v out_o of_o prison_n where_o his_o father_n have_v keep_v he_o a_o long_a time_n but_o the_o lord_n rees_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanhayaden_a and_o the_o country_n about_o at_o that_o time_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadogan_n die_v then_o king_n richard_n after_o he_o have_v achieve_v with_o his_o noble_n the_o earl_n of_o leycester_n bartholomew_n mortimer_n 66._o randulph_n de_fw-fr malo_n leone_fw-mi n._n de_fw-fr furnevale_n roger_n de_fw-fr lacie_n william_n de_fw-fr stagno_n hugh_n de_fw-fr nevella_fw-la william_n the_o porcell_n and_o henry_n duchess_n his_o standardbearer_n many_o worthy_a deed_n of_o arm_n against_o the_o infidel_n in_o his_o return_n homeward_o through_o ostrich_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o lupold_n the_o duke_n thereof_o rather_o who_o present_v he_o to_o henry_n the_o emperor_n &_o he_o keep_v he_o until_o he_o have_v pay_v he_o 200000._o mark_n for_o his_o ransom_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n that_o he_o have_v spoil_v the_o will_v of_o sicily_n in_o his_o voyage_n towards_o the_o holy_a land_n the_o same_o year_n roderike_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n by_o the_o help_n of_o gothrike_n king_n of_o man_n enter_v the_o will_v of_o môn_n and_o bring_v it_o to_o his_o subjection_n but_o before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o year_n the_o son_n of_o his_o brother_n conan_n chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o will_v and_o get_v it_o themselves_o at_o this_o time_n maelgon_n the_o son_n of_o rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o stratmeyric_n and_o win_v it_o also_o howel_n surname_v sesse_n that_o be_v to_o say_v saxon_a or_o english_a because_o he_o have_v serve_v in_o england_n son_n to_o the_o say_a prince_n rees_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o gwys_n upon_o the_o sudden_a &_o take_v philip_n de_fw-fr gwys_n his_o wife_n &_o his_o two_o son_n prisoner_n therein_o then_o because_o he_o have_v more_o castle_n than_o he_o can_v well_o defend_v he_o determine_v to_o raze_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanhayaden_a but_o the_o fleming_n have_v understanding_n thereof_o gather_v all_o their_o strength_n and_o come_v thither_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o raze_v the_o castle_n and_o set_v fierslie_o upon_o the_o man_n of_o howel_n and_o maelgon_n and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n nevertheless_o they_o gather_v a_o great_a power_n short_o after_o and_o come_v thither_o again_o and_o raze_v the_o castle_n to_o the_o ground_n without_o any_o let_v or_o stay_v upon_o this_o anarawd_n the_o son_n also_o of_o prince_n rees_n move_v with_o filthy_a ambition_n and_o covetousness_n of_o land_n take_v his_o two_o brethren_n howel_n and_o madoc_n prisoner_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o friendship_n and_o put_v out_o both_o their_o eye_n 1194_o in_o the_o year_n 1194._o king_n richard_n come_v into_o england_n and_o be_v at_o dinner_n in_o his_o little_a hall_n of_o westminster_n 69._o hear_v that_o the_o french_a king_n besiege_v vernoyle_v he_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v never_o turn_v his_o face_n till_o he_o have_v fight_v with_o he_o if_o he_o do_v abide_v &_o cause_v the_o wall_n to_o be_v break_v before_o he_o and_o so_o pass_v to_o normandy_n and_o receive_v his_o brother_n john_n to_o mercy_n raise_v the_o siege_n for_o the_o french_a king_n flee_v as_o soon_o as_o he_o hear_v of_o king_n richard_n come_v this_o year_n maelgon_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n give_v his_o brother_n anarawd_n the_o castle_n of_o stratmeyric_n for_o his_o prisoner_n who_o he_o set_v at_o liberty_n then_o rees_n himself_o do_v re-edify_v again_o the_o castle_n of_o rayader_n gwy_n and_o his_o own_o son_n lay_v wait_v for_o he_o and_o take_v their_o father_n prisoner_n fear_v lest_o he_o will_v revenge_v their_o cruel_a and_o unnatural_a deed_n but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o howel_n his_o son_n which_o be_v blind_a he_o escape_v out_o of_o his_o son_n maelgons_n prison_n and_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o dineuwor_n which_o maelgon_n keep_v and_o destroy_v it_o also_o the_o son_n of_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n of_o melyenyth_n win_v the_o castle_n of_o rayder_n gwy_n and_o fortify_v it_o for_o themselves_o at_o this_o time_n lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o jorwerth_n drwyndwn_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n remember_v his_o right_a &_o title_n to_o his_o inheritance_n of_o north-wales_n although_o his_o father_n have_v be_v disinherit_v by_o his_o brother_n david_n call_v together_o his_o friend_n by_o his_o mother_n which_o be_v mar_v the_o daughter_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n and_o also_o draw_v to_o his_o side_n his_o coosin_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n and_o so_o challenge_v the_o rule_n of_o north-wales_n and_o enter_v the_o country_n to_o who_o the_o people_n willing_o yield_v and_o take_v he_o for_o their_o lord_n and_o so_o without_o bloodshed_n he_o receive_v all_o north-wales_n to_o his_o subjection_n except_o three_o castle_n which_o his_o uncle_n david_n keep_v by_o force_n of_o englishman_n in_o who_o be_v all_o his_o trust_n because_o of_o his_o wife_n emme_n aunt_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thus_o david_n lose_v his_o land_n and_o lhewelyn_n begin_v to_o rule_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1194._o 1194_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n lhewelyn_n the_o son_n of_o jorwerth_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n call_v leolinus_n magnus_n the_o year_n ensue_v 69._o there_o be_v a_o combat_n appoint_v betwixt_o the_o french_a king_n with_o five_o knight_n with_o he_o and_o king_n richard_n with_o five_o other_o which_o shall_v end_v all_o controversy_n of_o which_o fight_n king_n richard_n be_v glad_a but_o the_o french_a king_n like_o a_o snail_n draw_v in_o his_o horn_n and_o forsake_v the_o battle_n and_o in_o wales_n prince_n rees_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o caermarthin_n and_o in_o short_a time_n win_v they_o both_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v the_o same_o and_o then_o return_v with_o great_a booty_n then_o he_o lead_v his_o say_a army_n to_o the_o march_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o clun_n which_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n and_o many_o a_o fierce_a assault_n he_o get_v and_o burn_v it_o and_o from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o radnor_n and_o likewise_o win_v it_o to_o the_o defence_n whereof_o come_v roger_n mortimer_n and_o hugh_n de_fw-fr say_n with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o normanes_n and_o englishman_n well_o arm_v and_o try_v soldier_n then_o rees_n which_o have_v win_v the_o castle_n determine_v not_o to_o keep_v his_o man_n within_o the_o wall_n but_o bold_o like_o a_o worthy_a prince_n come_v into_o the_o plain_a beside_o the_o town_n and_o give_v they_o battle_n where_o his_o man_n although_o for_o the_o most_o part_n unarm_v and_o not_o accustom_v to_o the_o battle_n declare_v that_o they_o come_v of_o britain_n blood_n who_o title_n the_o noble_a roman_a emperor_n do_v so_o much_o desire_n as_o a_o token_n of_o manhood_n and_o worthiness_n choose_v rather_o to_o die_v with_o honour_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n than_o to_o live_v with_o shame_n do_v so_o worthy_o behave_v themselves_o that_o their_o enemy_n forsake_v the_o field_n with_o great_a loss_n of_o their_o man_n who_o rees_n pursue_v till_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o night_n shadow_v they_o with_o her_o darkness_n and_o forthwith_o he_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o payne_n in_o eluel_n &_o get_v it_o thither_o come_v william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n the_o owner_n thereof_o and_o make_v peace_n with_o rees_n of_o who_o he_o receive_v the_o same_o castle_n again_o â—or_a not_o long_o after_o
their_o land_n of_o he_o and_o of_o none_o other_o notwithstanding_o that_o of_o late_a year_n by_o negligence_n of_o his_o predecessor_n they_o have_v not_o use_v their_o accustom_a duty_n but_o some_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n other_o rule_v as_o supreme_a power_n within_o their_o own_o country_n therefore_o he_o call_v a_o parliament_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n in_o wales_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n appear_v before_o he_o &_o swear_v to_o be_v his_o liegeman_n but_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n will_v not_o come_v thither_o nor_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o disobedience_n the_o prince_n declare_v to_o all_o his_o lord_n &_o they_o all_o thought_n that_o it_o be_v meet_v that_o gwenwynwyn_n shall_v be_v constrain_v by_o force_n to_o do_v his_o duty_n or_o else_o to_o lose_v his_o land_n yet_o one_o of_o his_o lord_n name_v elise_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n will_v not_o agree_v to_o hurt_v gwenwynwyn_n in_o any_o case_n but_o depart_v away_o sudden_o then_o lhewelyn_n come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o powy_n but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o certain_a learned_a man_n gwenwynwyn_n and_o the_o prince_n be_v make_v friend_n &_o gwenwynwyn_n become_v the_o prince_n his_o liegeman_n lhoyd_n and_o confirm_v that_o both_o by_o oath_n and_o writing_n then_o lhewelyn_n remember_v how_o elise_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n have_v serve_v he_o seize_v upon_o all_o his_o land_n and_o elise_n flee_v the_o country_n but_o afterward_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o princess_n mercy_n who_o give_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o crogen_n and_o seven_o towneship_n withal_o and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o not_o unmeete_a to_o declare_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o englishman_n use_v to_o call_v the_o welshman_n crogens_n as_o a_o word_n of_o reproach_n and_o despite_n but_o if_o they_o know_v the_o beginning_n they_o shall_v find_v it_o contrary_n for_o in_o the_o voyage_n that_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o make_v against_o the_o welshman_n to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwin_n as_o he_o lie_v at_o oswestree_n a_o number_n of_o his_o man_n that_o be_v send_v to_o try_v the_o passage_n as_o they_o will_v have_v pass_v offas_n ditch_n at_o the_o castle_n of_o crogen_n at_o which_o place_n there_o be_v &_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o narrow_a way_n through_o the_o same_o ditch_n for_o that_o ditch_n appear_v yet_o to_o this_o day_n very_o deep_a through_o all_o that_o country_n &_o bear_v his_o old_a name_n these_o man_n i_o say_v as_o they_o will_v have_v pass_v this_o strait_n be_v meet_v withal_o &_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o slay_v as_o appear_v by_o their_o grave_n there_o yet_o to_o be_v see_v bedhev_n whereof_o the_o straight_o bear_v the_o name_n therefore_o the_o englishman_n afterward_o not_o forget_v this_o slaughter_n use_v to_o cast_v the_o welshman_n in_o the_o tooth_n in_o all_o their_o trouble_n with_o the_o name_n of_o crogen_n as_o if_o they_o will_v signify_v unto_o they_o thereby_o that_o they_o shall_v look_v for_o no_o favour_n but_o rather_o revengment_n at_o their_o hand_n which_o word_n in_o process_n of_o time_n grow_v to_o be_v take_v in_o another_o signification_n now_o when_o lhewelyn_n have_v set_v all_o these_o party_n in_o good_a order_n he_o return_v to_o north-wales_n &_o by_o the_o way_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o bala_n in_o penlhyn_n about_o the_o same_o time_n rees_n son_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n by_o right_a prince_n of_o southwales_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n upon_o michaelmas_n day_n 79._o this_o year_n king_n john_n lose_v all_o normandy_n with_o anjou_n mayne_n and_o poytiers_n and_o hugh_n gurnaie_n robert_n fitzwater_n and_o sayer_n the_o quincie_n who_o have_v a_o great_a part_n of_o these_o country_n under_o their_o rule_n deliver_v all_o up_o to_o the_o french_a king_n at_o the_o first_o summon_n yet_o roger_n lacie_n keep_v his_o castle_n as_o long_o as_o he_o have_v any_o hope_n of_o succour_n 15._o about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v in_o england_n one_o call_v simon_n de_fw-fr thurnay_n a_o great_a divine_a and_o philosopher_n who_o diverse_a time_n make_v his_o advaunt_n that_o he_o know_v all_o that_o be_v to_o be_v know_v and_o sudden_o he_o fall_v to_o such_o ignorance_n that_o he_o cold_a nether_a read_v nor_o understand_v one_o letter_n in_o the_o book_n fabian_n about_o this_o time_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n take_v to_o wife_n jone_n the_o daughter_n of_o king_n john_n by_o agatha_n the_o daughter_n of_o robert_n ferrer_n earl_n of_o derby_n with_o who_o the_o say_a king_n give_v he_o the_o lordship_n of_o elsmere_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n next_o ensue_v the_o foresay_a rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangadoc_n 1204_o and_o fortify_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n but_o short_o after_o maelgon_v his_o uncle_n with_o his_o friend_n gwenwynwyn_n come_v with_o a_o strong_a power_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n &_o win_v it_o and_o from_o thence_o they_o remove_v to_o lhangadoc_n get_v the_o same_o likewise_o suffer_v the_o garrison_n to_o depart_v from_o thence_o maelgon_n go_v to_o dinerth_n and_o finish_v the_o castle_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v there_o about_o this_o time_n david_n son_n to_o owen_n gwyneth_n after_o that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o nephew_n have_v set_v he_o at_o liberty_n flee_v to_o england_n and_o get_v a_o army_n to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o ancient_a estate_n in_o north-wales_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a for_o his_o nephew_n meet_v he_o and_o overthrow_v he_o in_o the_o way_n than_o he_o return_v to_o england_n for_o very_a sorrow_n die_v short_o after_o the_o next_o year_n to_o this_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n rees_n be_v blind_a be_v slay_v at_o cemaes_n by_o his_o brother_n maelgons_n man_n and_o bury_v by_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_v at_o stratflur_n although_o this_o maelgon_n in_o those_o day_n bear_v all_o the_o rule_n in_o southwales_n yet_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_n son_n rees_n and_o his_o brethren_n wan_a from_o he_o the_o chief_a defence_n of_o all_o his_o country_n to_o wit_n the_o castle_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o lhanymdhyfri_n then_o william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n &_o win_v it_o not_o long_o after_o maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n hire_v a_o irishman_n to_o kill_v gadivor_fw-la ap_fw-mi griffri_fw-la who_o four_o son_n maelgon_v take_v and_o put_v they_o to_o death_n these_o be_v towards_o gentleman_n and_o come_v of_o a_o noble_a stock_n for_o their_o mother_n susanna_n be_v daughter_n to_o the_o say_v howel_n ap_fw-mi rees_n by_o a_o daughter_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n the_o year_n 1205._o 1205_o maelgon_fw-mi do_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o abereneon_n at_o that_o time_n there_o come_v such_o abundance_n of_o fish_n to_o aberystwyth_n as_o the_o like_a be_v never_o see_v before_o within_o the_o next_o three_o year_n after_o the_o french_a king_n get_v many_o town_n in_o gwyen_n in_o those_o day_n there_o fall_v a_o great_a debate_n in_o england_n between_o the_o king_n &_o the_o clergy_n about_o the_o election_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o year_n 1208._o 1208_o the_o pope_n denounce_v all_o england_n accurse_v &_o no_o service_n be_v use_v in_o any_o church_n within_o england_n 570._o this_o year_n the_o king_n do_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n with_o his_o wife_n for_o displeasure_n that_o he_o bear_v to_o his_o son_n and_o seize_v their_o land_n to_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o william_n with_o his_o say_a wife_n and_o son_n flee_v to_o ireland_n &_o there_o remain_v for_o a_o while_n this_o man_n be_v of_o great_a power_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n but_o extreme_a cruel_a and_o unjust_a the_o same_o year_n gwenwynwyn_n come_v to_o shrewesburie_n to_o speak_v with_o the_o king_n council_n and_o be_v there_o detain_v prisoner_n whereupon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n conquer_v all_o his_o country_n with_o all_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n therein_o and_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o his_o own_o use_n which_o when_o maelgon_n ap_fw-mi rees_n understand_v and_o that_o lhewelyn_n will_v make_v his_o voyage_n to_o southwales_n he_o overthrow_v his_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n stratmeyric_n and_o dynerth_n which_o he_o before_o have_v fortify_v despair_v to_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o prince_n but_o the_o prince_n keep_v on_o his_o journey_n to_o aberystwyth_n and_o build_v the_o castle_n again_o &_o fortify_v it_o and_o seize_v to_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o cantref_o of_o penwedic_n &_o the_o land_n betwixt_o dyvi_n and_o aeron_n which_o he_o give_v to_o maelgons_n nephew_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a joy_n within_o a_o little_a after_o rees_n vachan_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n lay_v siege_n
lhandeilo_n vawr_n keep_v himself_o in_o the_o wild_a and_o rough_a place_n then_o his_o enemy_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o at_o the_o first_o assault_n they_o win_v the_o first_o ward_n so_o that_o they_o of_o the_o garrison_n be_v fain_o to_o take_v the_o koxe_n for_o their_o defence_n and_o defend_v the_o same_o manful_o but_o they_o without_o make_v engine_n to_o cast_v in_o great_a stone_n and_o begin_v to_o undermine_v the_o wall_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o captain_n fall_v to_o that_o composition_n that_o if_o he_o be_v not_o succour_v by_o the_o next_o day_n at_o noon_n he_o will_v deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n upon_o condition_n that_o all_o his_o man_n may_v depart_v with_o their_o armour_n and_o weapon_n and_o so_o they_o do_v for_o they_o have_v no_o succour_n afterward_o they_o bring_v the_o cantref_n mawr_z to_o their_o subjection_n then_o rees_n vachan_n remoove_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o his_o brother_n maelgons_n country_n and_o leave_v the_o castle_n of_o lhavymdhyfry_n well_o fortify_v and_o man_v after_o the_o departure_n of_o foulke_n young_a rees_n come_v with_o a_o army_n of_o welshman_n and_o normanes_n to_o lhavymdhyfry_n but_o before_o they_o be_v encamp_v the_o captain_n deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n the_o garrison_n depart_v with_o their_o life_n and_o short_o after_o rees_n vachan_n be_v take_v at_o caermarthyn_n and_o commit_v to_o the_o king_n prison_n the_o british_a book_n of_o the_o abbeie_fw-la of_o stratflur_n do_v in_o this_o place_n set_v down_o the_o earnest_a repentance_n of_o king_n john_n of_o all_o the_o extremity_n that_o he_o have_v use_v against_o the_o churchman_n and_o how_o that_o he_o call_v home_o again_o such_o of_o they_o as_o be_v either_o expel_v or_o voluntary_o go_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o restore_v to_o they_o all_o such_o thing_n as_o his_o officer_n have_v take_v from_o they_o at_o what_o time_n also_o he_o make_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n tributary_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o pope_n yield_v and_o paieng_v unto_o he_o the_o sum_n of_o a_o thousand_o mark_n yearly_a for_o ever_o at_o this_o time_n prince_n lhewelyn_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dyganwy_n and_o ruthlan_n and_o win_v they_o both_o so_o that_o he_o leave_v the_o king_n neither_o hold_n nor_o castle_n within_o his_o land_n 1215_o in_o the_o year_n 1215._o king_n john_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o derbie_n take_v the_o cross_n 339._o but_o the_o rebellion_n of_o his_o baron_n stay_v his_o journey_n for_o they_o require_v of_o he_o certain_a ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n to_o be_v keep_v which_o he_o deny_v to_o do_v therefore_o they_o be_v confederate_a with_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n that_o he_o shall_v stir_v upon_o his_o part_n and_o they_o will_v upon_o they_o 340._o then_o gather_v a_o army_n they_o appoint_v robert_n fitzwater_n captain_n and_o come_v to_o bedford_n where_o william_n beauchamp_n receive_v they_o into_o the_o castle_n and_o from_o thence_o they_o go_v to_o london_n and_o be_v there_o ioifullie_o receive_v then_o the_o king_n levy_v a_o power_n with_o william_n martial_a earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o rochester_n which_o be_v manful_o defend_v three_o month_n by_o william_n de_fw-fr abbineto_n but_o at_o the_o last_o it_o be_v take_v by_o force_n and_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v take_v with_o the_o say_v william_n william_n de_fw-fr lancaster_n william_n de_fw-fr emmford_n thomas_n de_fw-fr moletun_n quince_n gyfford_n odinel_n bobi_n and_o odinel_n de_fw-fr albineto_n who_o the_o king_n send_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o corff_n to_o be_v imprison_v sure_o at_o this_o time_n the_o pope_n curse_a all_o such_o as_o make_v war_n against_o king_n john_n there_o be_v a_o bull_n of_o excommunication_n among_o the_o record_n keep_v in_o the_o tower_n against_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o other_o for_o make_v war_n against_o king_n john_n be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n thus_o the_o pope_n can_v blow_v hot_a and_o cold_a out_o of_o one_o mouth_n a_o little_a before_o he_o release_v prince_n lhewelyn_n the_o baron_n and_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o obedience_n and_o subjection_n to_o king_n john_n command_v they_o upon_o pain_n of_o curse_n to_o make_v war_n against_o he_o and_o now_o have_v bring_v his_o purpose_n to_o pass_v he_o curss_v they_o for_o do_v of_o that_o which_o he_o command_v so_o the_o pope_n set_v at_o variance_n king_n and_o prince_n at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o work_v his_o own_o commodity_n and_o when_o the_o same_o be_v bring_v about_o he_o curss_v they_o with_o book_n bell_n and_o candle_n if_o they_o without_o consideration_n of_o their_o own_o gréef_n will_v not_o agree_v again_o when_o he_o will_v whereas_o fire_n be_v kindle_v be_v not_o easy_o quench_v &_o hatred_n once_o stir_v up_o between_o prince_n and_o grow_v by_o displeasure_n to_o open_a war_n wherein_o many_o be_v slay_v other_o take_v &_o the_o most_o spoil_v and_o undoone_v be_v not_o so_o soon_o put_v off_o with_o a_o mandamus_fw-la from_o rome_n and_o shake_v of_o hand_n at_o the_o pope_n pleasure_n nevertheless_o prince_n lhewelyn_n levy_v a_o army_n and_o come_v to_o shrewesburie_n which_o town_n and_o castle_n be_v deliver_v to_o he_o without_o any_o resistance_n and_o there_o he_o remain_v a_o while_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n giles_n de_fw-fr bruse_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o chief_a of_o this_o conspiracy_n son_n to_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n send_v his_o brother_n reynold_n to_o brechnock_v and_o all_o the_o people_n receive_v he_o as_o their_o lord_n and_o so_o he_o get_v all_o his_o castle_n without_o gaine-saieng_a of_o any_o man_n to_o wit_n abergevenny_n penkelhy_a castelh_o gwyn_n or_o the_o white_a castle_n grosmont_n &_o the_o will_v of_o cynuric_n but_o when_o the_o bishop_n come_v thither_o himself_o they_o deliver_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o aberhodny_n hay_o bnelht_o &_o blaynlhyfny_n and_o he_o to_o strengthen_v himself_o in_o that_o country_n promise_v castle_n payn_n clune_n with_o all_o eluel_n to_o walter_n vachan_n the_o son_n of_o eneon_n clyd_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n of_o this_o young_a rees_n son_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o maelgon_n his_o uncle_n be_v make_v friend_n and_o go_v both_o to_o dyvet_n where_o they_o recover_v all_o the_o land_n to_o themselves_o save_v cemais_n and_o overthrow_v the_o castle_n of_o arberth_n &_o maynclochoc_n then_o maelgon_n and_o owen_n brother_n to_o rees_n go_v to_o north-wales_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o do_v to_o he_o homage_n and_o young_a rees_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n and_o come_v to_o cydwely_n and_o bring_v it_o with_o all_o carnwylheon_n to_o his_o subjection_n and_o raze_v the_o castle_n there_o and_o likewise_o the_o castle_n of_o lhychwr_n fron_n thence_o he_o lead_v his_o army_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o hugh_n de_fw-fr miles_n at_o talybont_n and_o have_v take_v the_o same_o by_o force_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o garrison_n then_o the_o day_n after_o he_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o senghennyth_n where_o the_o garrison_n which_o lie_v there_o burn_v the_o town_n and_o depart_v therefore_o rees_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ystymlhwynarth_n get_v the_o same_o the_o next_o day_n follow_v and_o burn_v it_o and_o the_o town_n also_o and_o so_o he_o get_v all_o the_o castle_n of_o gwyrland_n within_o three_o day_n after_o and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o victory_n and_o triumph_n at_o this_o time_n rees_n vachan_n or_o rees_n gryc_a uncle_n to_o young_a rees_n and_o son_n to_o the_o lord_n rees_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n by_o the_o king_n leave_v his_o son_n and_o two_o other_o pledge_n for_o he_o this_o year_n also_o two_o abbot_n be_v consecrate_v bishop_n jorwerth_n of_o s._n david_n and_o cadogan_n of_o bangor_n giles_n de_fw-fr bruse_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n by_o the_o pope_n commandment_n go_v and_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n and_o die_v in_o his_o return_n homeward_o at_o gloucester_n who_o inheritance_n descend_v to_o his_o brother_n reginald_n who_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n short_o after_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o caermardhyn_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o be_v yield_v unto_o he_o the_o five_o day_n after_o which_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o he_o do_v with_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanstephan_n s._n clear_a &_o talacharn_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v to_o caerdigan_n and_o win_v the_o new_a castle_n in_o emlyn_n he_o subdue_v cemaes_n and_o get_v the_o castle_n of_o trefdraeth_n call_v in_o english_a newport_n and_o raze_v the_o same_o to_o the_o ground_n then_o the_o garrison_n
a_o great_a army_n and_o short_o after_o lay_v siege_n to_o aberteivi_fw-la and_o get_v it_o and_o from_o thence_o march_v to_o caermardhin_n and_o likewise_o get_v the_o same_o 114._o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n at_o what_o time_n william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n prosecute_v the_o war_n in_o ireland_n against_o the_o king_n enemy_n there_o take_v by_o force_n two_o castle_n in_o wales_n belong_v to_o the_o say_a earl_n put_v all_o his_o man_n which_o keep_v the_o same_o to_o the_o sword_n and_o fortifieng_v the_o same_o with_o a_o garrison_n of_o his_o own_o man_n in_o either_o of_o they_o depart_v home_o again_o whereof_o when_o the_o say_a earl_n be_v advertise_v he_o return_v from_o ireland_n with_o all_o speed_n and_o recover_v his_o castle_n again_o use_v the_o same_o courtesy_n towards_o lhewelyns_n man_n that_o he_o have_v show_v to_o his_o and_o then_o enter_v further_o into_o the_o prince_n country_n destroy_v all_o before_o he_o as_o he_o go_v these_o news_n come_v to_o lhewelyns_n ear_n do_v sore_o offend_v he_o whereupon_o he_o send_v gruffyth_n his_o son_n with_o a_o power_n of_o man_n to_o stay_v the_o earl_n for_o pass_v further_o then_o gruffyth_n go_v to_o cydweli_n and_o understand_v that_o the_o burgess_n of_o the_o town_n mean_v to_o betray_v he_o burn_v the_o town_n church_n 423._o and_o all_o to_o the_o earth_n then_o william_n marshal_v pass_v the_o river_n tywy_a at_o caermardhin_n where_o gruffyth_v meet_v with_o he_o person_n &_o give_v he_o battle_n which_o be_v very_o doubtful_a and_o endure_v until_o night_n and_o then_o either_o party_n withdraw_v themselves_o and_o the_o river_n betwixt_o and_o after_o they_o have_v lie_v so_o certain_a day_n gruffyth_v for_o lack_v of_o victual_n for_o his_o man_n which_o be_v about_o 9000._o person_n return_v back_o and_o the_o earl_n go_v to_o cilgerran_n and_o begin_v to_o build_v there_o a_o very_a strong_a castle_n then_o receive_v letter_n from_o the_o king_n to_o come_v and_o speak_v with_o he_o he_o go_v to_o the_o court_n by_o sea_n and_o leave_v his_o army_n to_o continue_v the_o work_n he_o have_v begin_v then_o the_o king_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n be_v at_o ludlowe_n send_v for_o the_o prince_n and_o will_v fain_o have_v agree_v he_o and_o the_o earl_n but_o it_o will_v not_o be_v and_o so_o they_o depart_v and_o when_o the_o earl_n will_v have_v pass_v to_o pembroke_n by_o land_n with_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n and_o henry_n pygot_v lord_n of_o ewyas_n the_o prince_n send_v his_o son_n to_o keep_v the_o passage_n at_o carnwylhion_n &_o he_o himself_o come_v as_o far_o as_o mabedryd_n which_o when_o the_o earl_n understand_v he_o return_v back_o to_o england_n &_o the_o prince_n go_v to_o north-wales_n 115._o certain_a of_o the_o baron_n also_o mislike_v the_o rule_n of_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n conspire_v against_o the_o king_n and_o he_o as_o randulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n william_n de_fw-fr fortibus_fw-la earl_n of_o albemarle_n john_n constable_n of_o chester_n foulke_n de_fw-fr breant_fw-la hugh_n de_fw-fr veteri_fw-la ponte_fw-la bryan_n lysle_n patrick_n de_fw-fr malo_fw-la lacu_fw-la philip_n mark_v and_o william_n lord_n de_fw-fr cantilupo_n but_o the_o matter_n be_v appease_v 439._o and_o the_o king_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o bedford_n by_o long_a siege_n wherein_o be_v william_n the_o breant_a brother_n to_o foulke_n about_o this_o time_n die_v william_n de_fw-fr long_fw-mi spata_fw-la earl_n of_o salisbury_n the_o year_n follow_v sarancus_fw-la de_fw-la malo_fw-la leone_n deliver_v rochel_n to_o the_o french_a king_n also_o foulke_n the_o breant_n be_v at_o this_o time_n banish_v england_n and_o come_v to_o such_o poverty_n that_o he_o beg_v from_o door_n to_o door_n the_o year_n 1226._o 1226_o rees_n vachan_n son_n to_o rees_n gryc_a do_v take_v his_o father_n prisoner_n and_o will_v not_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n till_o he_o have_v deliver_v he_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n at_o this_o time_n die_v meredyth_n archdecon_fw-mi of_o caerdigan_n son_n to_o prince_n rees_n 1228_o and_o be_v bury_v by_o his_o father_n at_o s._n david_n the_o year_n follow_v king_n henry_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o wales_n as_o far_o as_o ceri_fw-la 468._o and_o encamp_v there_o &_o upon_o the_o other_o side_n prince_n lhewelyn_n call_v to_o he_o all_o the_o power_n of_o wales_n and_o encamp_v not_o far_o off_o and_o there_o be_v diverse_a great_a skirmish_n and_o chief_o upon_o one_o day_n the_o most_o part_n of_o both_o army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v of_o the_o king_n man_n at_o which_o time_n william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n son_n to_o reynald_n be_v take_v prisoner_n who_o offer_v for_o his_o ransom_n the_o country_n of_o buelht_n and_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n beside_o then_o there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o do_v honour_v he_o but_o not_o as_o his_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o every_o party_n return_v home_o 468._o this_o history_n be_v somewhat_o otherwise_o lay_v down_o by_o matthew_n paris_n which_o i_o have_v thus_o translate_v out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n 124._o about_o the_o same_o time_n those_o soldier_n which_o lie_v in_o garrison_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o mountgomery_n go_v out_o with_o some_o of_o their_o neighbour_n to_o amend_v a_o certain_a passage_n in_o the_o high_a way_n lead_v through_o a_o great_a wood_n thereby_o where_o the_o welshman_n be_v wont_v to_o rob_v and_o slay_v such_o as_o travel_v that_o way_n and_o come_v to_o the_o place_n with_o their_o axe_n and_o other_o weapon_n begin_v to_o fell_v the_o tree_n and_o to_o cut_v down_o the_o bush_n whereby_o the_o way_n may_v be_v enlarge_v which_o thing_n when_o the_o welshman_n understand_v they_o come_v with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o set_v upon_o their_o enemy_n compel_v they_o to_o take_v the_o castle_n for_o their_o defence_n certain_a being_n slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o then_o cast_v a_o trench_n about_o the_o same_o lay_v siege_n unto_o it_o this_o be_v quick_o certify_v unto_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n to_o who_o a_o little_a before_o the_o same_o castle_n and_o honour_n be_v give_v the_o king_n himself_o with_o convenient_a speed_n come_v raise_v the_o siege_n and_o when_o his_o whole_a army_n come_v to_o he_o for_o few_o soldier_n come_v with_o he_o thither_o he_o go_v to_o the_o say_a wood_n which_o be_v very_o large_a be_v five_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o thick_a growth_n of_o the_o same_o very_a hard_a to_o be_v stock_v howbeit_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o same_o with_o great_a diligence_n and_o travel_n to_o be_v assert_v and_o consume_v with_o fire_n then_o lead_v his_o army_n further_o into_o the_o country_n he_o come_v to_o a_o abbeie_fw-la of_o white_a monk_n call_v cridia_n be_v a_o refuge_n for_o the_o welshman_n to_o fly_v unto_o which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v burn_v to_o ash_n where_o hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n to_o who_o the_o place_n seem_v very_o fit_a for_o fortification_n have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n cause_v a_o castle_n to_o be_v build_v but_o or_o ever_o the_o work_n be_v finish_v many_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o william_n de_fw-fr bruse_n a_o noble_a warrior_n who_o go_v out_o to_o make_v provision_n for_o the_o army_n be_v take_v by_o the_o welshman_n and_o cast_v in_o prison_n and_o diverse_a other_o go_v out_o for_o the_o like_a purpose_n whereof_o one_o be_v knight_v a_o few_o day_n before_o see_v some_o of_o his_o fellow_n in_o danger_n and_o like_a to_o be_v distress_v rush_v bold_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n kill_v many_o about_o he_o who_o in_o the_o end_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o king_n man_n be_v there_o slay_v many_o also_o of_o the_o king_n 〈◊〉_d soldier_n be_v confederate_a with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n do_v very_o faint_o defend_v his_o cause_n with_o who_o they_o come_v thither_o whereupon_o the_o king_n want_v necessary_a provision_n and_o perceive_v the_o double_a deal_n of_o some_o of_o his_o own_o man_n be_v constrain_v to_o conclude_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o the_o welshman_n give_v his_o assent_n that_o the_o castle_n which_o with_o so_o great_a expense_n of_o man_n and_o money_n be_v now_o almost_o finish_v shall_v be_v raze_v at_o his_o own_o charge_n take_v of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n three_o thousand_o pound_n towards_o the_o same_o the_o peace_n be_v thus_o confirm_v both_o party_n depart_v homeward_o so_o the_o king_n of_o england_n after_o that_o he_o have_v bestow_v three_o month_n in_o the_o build_n of_o the_o say_a castle_n and_o disburse_v a_o infinite_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o vain_a leave_v william_n
much_o war_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n i_o think_v it_o convenient_a for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o this_o history_n to_o lay_v down_o a_o brief_a catalogue_n of_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o same_o earl_n in_o order_n from_o the_o conquest_n to_o this_o john_n scot_n which_o be_v the_o last_o of_o they_o hvgh_n lupus_n the_o son_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o auranges_n uicount_n of_o abonica_fw-la and_o of_o margaret_n the_o daughter_n of_o harlowine_n a_o noble_a man_n in_o normandy_n who_o marry_v arlet_a the_o daughter_n of_o a_o burgess_n in_o falois_n which_o be_v also_o mother_n to_o william_n conqueror_n come_v to_o england_n with_o the_o say_a conqueror_n and_o be_v by_o he_o create_v earl_n of_o chester_n and_o sword-bearer_n of_o england_n with_o these_o word_n habendum_fw-la &_o tenendum_fw-la dictum_fw-la comitatum_fw-la caestriae_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la ita_fw-la liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la totam_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliam_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la that_o be_v to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o say_a county_n of_o chester_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n by_o right_a of_o the_o sword_n so_o free_o as_o the_o king_n hold_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n hugh_n be_v establish_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o earldom_n with_o most_o large_a privilege_n and_o fréedom_n ordain_v under_o he_o for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o the_o say_a county_n four_o baron_n baron_n to_o wit_n the_o first_o halton_n nigell_n or_o neal_n his_o cousin_n baron_n of_o halton_n constable_n and_o marshal_n of_o chester_n by_o condition_n of_o service_n to_o lead_v the_o uauntgard_n of_o the_o earl_n army_n when_o he_o shall_v make_v any_o journey_n into_o wales_n so_o as_o the_o say_a baron_n shall_v be_v the_o foremost_a in_o march_v into_o the_o enemy_n country_n and_o the_o last_o in_o come_v back_o of_o he_o the_o lacy_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n descend_v the_o second_o nantwich_n piers_n malebanke_n baron_n of_o nantwich_n the_o three_o malpas_n eustace_n baron_n of_o malpas_n the_o four_o warren_n vernoun_n baron_n of_o shipbrooke_n shipbroke_n this_o hugh_n lupus_n convert_v the_o church_n of_o s._n werburgh_n to_o a_o abbeie_fw-la and_o die_v a_o 1102._o after_o he_o have_v rule_v that_o earldom_n forty_o year_n leave_v issue_n behind_o he_o richard_n robert_z abbot_n of_o bury_v and_o otuell_a tutor_n to_o the_o child_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o richard_n lupus_n the_o son_n of_o hugh_n lupus_n be_v the_o second_o earl_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o conquest_n be_v but_o seven_o year_n old_a when_o he_o be_v earl_n he_o marry_v maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o stephen_n earl_n of_o bloys_n charter_n and_o champagne_n be_v the_o sister_n of_o king_n stephen_n he_o with_o his_o brother_n otuell_a after_o he_o have_v be_v earl_n of_o chester_n xvij_o year_n be_v drown_v at_o godwin-sand_n come_v from_o normandy_n with_o the_o child_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ._n 1120._o randulph_n meschines_n alius_fw-la de_fw-fr bohun_n the_o son_n of_o john_n de_fw-fr bohun_n and_o of_o margaret_n the_o sister_n of_o hugh_n lupus_n succéede_v richard_n in_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n as_o cozen_v &_o next_o heir_n of_o blood_n to_o he_o be_v the_o three_o earl_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o conquest_n he_o marry_v maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o aubrey_n de_fw-fr vere_n earl_n of_o gisnes_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n randulph_n surname_v vernoune_n because_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o vernoune_n castle_n and_o die_v an._n 1130._o after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v earl_n about_o eight_o year_n randulph_n bohun_n his_o son_n succéede_v his_o father_n be_v the_o four_o earl_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o conquest_n who_o marry_v alicia_n the_o daughter_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n base_a son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n hugh_n cyvelioc_n so_o call_v of_o that_o country_n of_o powy_n wherein_o he_o be_v bear_v and_o die_v an._n 1158._o when_o he_o have_v be_v earl_n nine_o and_o twenty_o year_n hugh_n bohun_n alias_o kevelock_n or_o rather_o cyvelioc_n be_v the_o five_o earl_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o conquest_n marry_v beatrice_n the_o daughter_n of_o richard_n lucy_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n randulph_n and_o four_o daughter_n maud_n marry_v to_o david_n earl_n of_o anguis_fw-la and_o huntingdon_n lord_n of_o galloway_n mabill_n marry_v to_o william_n daubney_n earl_n of_o arundel_n agnes_n marry_v to_o william_n ferrer_n earl_n of_o derby_n and_o hawys_n marry_v to_o robert_n quincy_n a_o baron_n of_o great_a honour_n who_o be_v in_o her_o right_a after_o her_o brother_n death_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o after_o he_o she_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n warren_n bostock_n this_o hugh_n be_v earl_n of_o chester_n 28._o year_n &_o die_v about_o the_o 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alicia_n marry_v to_o henry_n hastings_n to_o the_o which_o sister_n the_o king_n give_v other_o land_n and_o take_v the_o say_a earldom_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n quia_fw-la noluit_fw-la tam_fw-la praeclaram_fw-la dominationem_fw-la dividi_fw-la inter_fw-la colos_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1237._o 1237_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n call_v all_o the_o lord_n and_o baron_n of_o wales_n before_o he_o to_o stratflur_v and_o there_o every_o one_o of_o they_o swear_v to_o be_v faithful_a subject_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o david_n lhewelyns_n son_n 154._o at_o this_o time_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n be_v impotent_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o palsy_n which_o have_v take_v he_o and_o sore_o vex_v and_o disquiet_v by_o his_o son_n gruffyth_v send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o king_n to_o signify_v unto_o he_o that_o for_o as_o much_o as_o his_o year_n be_v now_o wellnigh_o spend_v he_o be_v desirous_a to_o lead_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o day_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o therefore_o 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thereof_o further_a than_o they_o have_v be_v many_o year_n before_o pass_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a life_n and_o be_v honourable_o bury_v at_o the_o abbeie_fw-la of_o conwey_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v wales_n well_o and_o worthy_o fifty_o and_o six_o year_n this_o prince_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o son_n call_v david_n beget_v upon_o his_o wife_n jone_n daughter_n to_o king_n john_n of_o england_n by_o who_o also_o he_o have_v a_o daughter_n call_v gladys_n marry_v to_o six_o ralph_n mortimer_n also_o he_o have_v another_o son_n call_v gruffyth_n who_o his_o brother_n wrongful_o keep_v in_o close_a prison_n as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v as_o be_v hereafter_o declare_v david_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n david_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n 764._o when_o richard_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n see_v that_o david_n deal_v so_o hardly_o with_o his_o brother_n gruffyth_v contrary_a to_o his_o faithful_a promise_n make_v unto_o the_o say_a bishop_n he_o excommunicate_v he_o and_o then_o withdraw_v himself_o out_o of_o wales_n make_v a_o gréevous_a complaint_n to_o the_o king_n upon_o david_n most_o instant_o request_v the_o king_n to_o deliver_v gruffyth_n out_o of_o prison_n lest_o the_o rumour_n of_o that_o fact_n be_v notify_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o other_o country_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n shall_v be_v some_o stain_n of_o the_o king_n honour_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o withstand_v such_o outrageous_a and_o wilful_a deal_n the_o king_n therefore_o great_o blame_v david_n his_o nephew_n for_o the_o abuse_n of_o his_o brother_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o do_v request_v he_o with_o most_o pithy_a persuasion_n to_o set_v his_o brother_n at_o liberty_n as_o well_o for_o the_o save_n of_o his_o own_o credit_n and_o fame_n as_o also_o for_o the_o avoid_v of_o the_o say_a excommunication_n and_o other_o imminent_a danger_n which_o may_v ensue_v of_o that_o matter_n to_o the_o which_o request_n of_o the_o king_n david_n answer_v plain_o that_o he_o will_v not_o deliver_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o prison_n affirm_v constant_o that_o if_o his_o brother_n be_v enlarge_v the_o country_n of_o wales_n will_v be_v in_o great_a disquietness_n whereof_o when_o gruffyth_o be_v certify_v he_o send_v privily_o to_o the_o king_n promise_v that_o if_o he_o will_v forceable_o deliver_v he_o out_o of_o his_o brother_n prison_n he_o will_v hold_v his_o land_n of_o he_o and_o pay_v he_o two_o hundred_o mark_n yearly_a offer_v not_o only_o to_o be_v swear_v upon_o this_o and_o to_o deliver_v pledge_n for_o performance_n thereof_o but_o also_o to_o aid_v the_o king_n to_o bring_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o welshman_n to_o his_o subjection_n further_o gruffyth_o lord_n of_o bromfield_n do_v assure_v the_o king_n of_o aid_n if_o he_o will_v come_v to_o wales_n with_o a_o army_n to_o chastise_v david_n for_o his_o falsehood_n and_o injury_n use_v towards_o his_o brother_n moreover_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n be_v more_o desirous_a to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o david_n in_o a_o other_o man_n matter_n than_o careful_a to_o feed_v his_o flock_n in_o discharge_n of_o his_o own_o duty_n send_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o follow_v the_o matter_n so_o hard_o that_o the_o pope_n excommunicate_v david_n which_o excommunication_n be_v denounce_v accord_o and_o his_o land_n interdict_v now_o king_n henry_n be_v allure_v with_o these_o promise_n on_o gruffyth_n behalf_n levy_v a_o puissant_a army_n to_o go_v into_o wales_n straight_o command_v by_o his_o writ_n all_o such_o as_o ought_v he_o service_n in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o give_v their_o attendance_n upon_o he_o ready_a with_o horse_n and_o armour_n at_o gloucester_n the_o first_o day_n of_o august_n follow_v to_o set_v forward_o against_o his_o enemy_n whither_o the_o king_n come_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v and_o from_o thence_o go_v to_o salop_n and_o remain_v there_o fifteen_o day_n during_o the_o king_n abode_n at_o salop_n 841._o diverse_a noble_a man_n be_v great_a suitor_n unto_o he_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o gruffyth_n as_o ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n of_o wigmore_n walter_n clifford_n roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n maelgon_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n howel_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n and_o gruffyth_v the_o son_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n these_o wrought_v so_o with_o the_o king_n that_o there_o be_v a_o league_n conclude_v between_o he_o and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o her_o husband_n lie_v then_o in_o his_o brother_n prison_n according_a to_o the_o article_n comprise_v in_o this_o charter_n follow_v conuenit_fw-la inter_fw-la dominum_fw-la henricum_fw-la tertium_fw-la regem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la illustrem_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la parte_fw-la gruffyth_n &_o senenam_fw-la vxorem_fw-la gryffini_fw-la filii_fw-la leolini_n quondà m_fw-la principis_fw-la northwalliae_fw-la quem_fw-la david_n frater_fw-la eius_fw-la tenet_fw-la carceri_fw-la mancipatum_fw-la cum_fw-la owino_fw-la filio_fw-la svo_fw-la nomine_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la gryffini_fw-la ex_fw-la altera_fw-la etc._n etc._n article_n of_o agreement_n between_o henry_n the_o three_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o england_n of_o the_o one_o party_n and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffyth_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o david_n his_o brother_n detein_v in_o prison_n with_o owen_n his_o son_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n of_o the_o other_o party_n in_o primis_fw-la the_o say_a senena_n undertake_v that_o the_o say_v gruffyth_v her_o husband_n will_v give_v unto_o the_o king_n six_o hundred_o mark_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n do_v cause_v the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o owen_n his_o son_n to_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o prison_n wherein_o they_o be_v keep_v and_o will_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n whether_o
of_o north-wales_n by_o his_o father_n 213._o but_o of_o a_o young_a brother_n of_o the_o house_n of_o powy_n who_o portion_n by_o inheritance_n be_v lay_v down_o by_o i_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n before_o page_n 213._o which_o be_v but_o a_o very_a small_a thing_n there_o be_v diverse_a gentleman_n even_o at_o this_o date_n in_o wales_n which_o be_v come_v of_o the_o house_n of_o north-wales_n lineal_o but_o i_o know_v none_o which_o be_v lawful_o descend_v of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n call_v by_o matthew_n paris_n leolinus_n magnus_n but_o such_o be_v come_v out_o of_o the_o house_n of_o mortimer_n in_o the_o which_o house_n by_o order_n of_o descent_n the_o right_a of_o the_o inheritance_n lie_v 938._o about_o this_o time_n harold_n king_n of_o man_n come_v to_o the_o court_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o king_n henry_n and_o he_o dub_v he_o knight_n the_o summer_n follow_v rees_n vachan_n son_n to_o rees_n mechyl_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o carrec_n cynnen_n which_o his_o mother_n of_o mere_a hatred_n conceive_v against_o he_o have_v deliver_v to_o the_o englishman_n the_o abbot_n of_o conwey_n and_o stratflur_v make_v suit_n to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o body_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n which_o he_o grant_v unto_o they_o and_o they_o convey_v it_o to_o conwey_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o bury_v then_o also_o william_n ferrer_n earl_n of_o derbie_n and_o his_o wife_n die_v be_v either_o of_o they_o a_o hundred_o year_n of_o age_n not_o long_o after_o william_n de_fw-fr long_fw-mi spata_fw-la earl_n of_o salisbury_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n leave_v one_o daughter_n behind_o he_o marry_v to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lyncolne_n the_o same_o time_n likewise_o die_v gladys_n daughter_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o wife_n to_o sir_n ralph_n mortimer_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o wyndsore_n the_o year_n next_o follow_v be_v so_o dry_a that_o there_o fall_v no_o rain_n from_o the_o eleven_o day_n of_o 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totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primati_fw-la &_o archiepiscopo_fw-la eborum_fw-la ac_fw-la eorum_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n and_o lord_n robert_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n primate_n of_o england_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o their_o suffragans_n be_v now_o together_o at_o london_n in_o council_n their_o devout_a son_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snoudon_n greeting_n with_o due_a obedience_n reverence_n and_o honour_n in_o all_o thing_n be_v it_o know_v to_o your_o reverend_a fatherhood_n that_o where_o heretofore_o contention_n and_o discord_n whereof_o war_n follow_v and_o long_o continue_v arise_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o noble_a memory_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n of_o the_o one_o party_n and_o we_o of_o the_o other_o party_n the_o same_o contention_n and_o strife_n be_v at_o the_o last_o appease_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a 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and_o lhysuayn_n 10_o item_n certain_a gentleman_n of_o the_o cantre_v of_o ros_n buy_v certain_a office_n and_o pay_v their_o money_n for_o the_o same_o yet_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n take_v the_o say_v office_n from_o they_o without_o cause_n 11_o item_n grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi heilyn_n take_v to_o farm_n of_o godfrey_n marliney_n 359._o the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n and_o lhysuayn_n for_o the_o term_n of_o four_o year_n yet_o robert_n de_fw-fr cruquer_n with_o horse_n and_o arm_n and_o four_o and_o twenty_o horseman_n come_v to_o vex_v the_o say_a grono_n so_o that_o he_o have_v no_o safe_a go_v neither_o to_o ruthlan_n nor_o chester_n without_o a_o great_a garrison_n of_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n 12_o item_n certain_a gentleman_n be_v arrest_v for_o trespass_n do_v before_o the_o war_n and_o imprison_v and_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v until_o they_o have_v pay_v xuj_o mark_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n conclude_v 13_o item_n our_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v 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of_o tithe_n in_o the_o house_n of_o a_o servant_n of_o the_o say_a cynwric_n 2_o item_n adam_n criwr_n be_v condemn_v in_o eight_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n and_o a_o mare_n price_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o be_v take_v and_o beat_v for_o that_o he_o have_v take_v the_o stealer_n of_o that_o mare_n and_o bring_v he_o bind_v with_o he_o the_o which_o thief_n be_v forthwith_o deliver_v 3_o item_n jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi gurgeneu_fw-fr was_z condemn_v in_o four_o pound_n for_o that_o he_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o their_o prison_n in_o time_n of_o the_o war_n and_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a town_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o this_o be_v direct_o against_o the_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n 4_o item_n caduan_n dhu_n servant_n to_o the_o constable_n of_o penlhyn_n be_v condemn_v because_o he_o will_v not_o receive_v the_o old_a money_n for_o new_a 5_o item_n gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi grono_n the_o prince_n man_n be_v spoil_v of_o a_o ox_n price_n eleven_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n and_o after_o that_o the_o constable_n have_v plough_v with_o the_o say_a ox_n seven_o month_n he_o pay_v to_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n for_o the_o say_a ox_n three_o shilling_n four_o penny_n 6_o item_n two_o servant_n of_o one_o name_v y_o bongam_fw-la be_v spoil_v of_o two_o pound_n for_o that_o they_o take_v a_o thief_n that_o rob_v they_o by_o night_n and_o yet_o the_o thief_n be_v deliver_v 7_o item_n eneon_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n be_v take_v beat_v and_o spoil_v of_o two_o ox_n price_n four_o &_o twenty_o shilling_n &_o two_o penny_n for_o this_o cause_n only_o that_o the_o say_v ox_n go_v from_o one_o street_n to_o a_o other_o in_o the_o town_n 8_o item_n guyan_n maystran_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o money_n because_o a_o certain_a merchant_n of_o ardudwy_n owe_v they_o certain_a thing_n and_o yet_o the_o say_a merchant_n be_v not_o of_o their_o bailiwicke_n the_o grief_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n a_o tenant_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n be_v call_v to_o the_o king_n court_n without_o any_o cause_n then_o grono_n come_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o defend_v his_o tenant_n &_o demand_v justice_n for_o he_o or_o the_o law_n which_o the_o man_n of_o his_o country_n do_v use_v all_o this_o be_v deny_v the_o say_a tenant_n be_v condemn_v in_o seven_o and_o twenty_o pound_n j.d._n ob_fw-la then_o the_o say_v grono_n go_v to_o london_n for_o justice_n which_o be_v promise_v he_o but_o he_o can_v never_o have_v any_o where_o he_o spend_v in_o his_o journey_n fifteen_o mark_n 2_o a_o certain_a gentleman_n be_v slay_v who_o have_v foster_v the_o son_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n and_o he_o that_o kill_v he_o be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o ruthlan_n castle_n then_o the_o say_v grono_n and_o the_o kindred_n of_o he_o that_o be_v slay_v ask_v justice_n but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v imprison_v and_o the_o killer_n discharge_v then_o grono_n go_v again_o to_o london_n for_o justice_n which_o the_o king_n do_v promise_v he_o but_o he_o never_o have_v any_o but_o spend_v twenty_o mark_n 3_o the_o three_o time_n grono_n be_v fain_o to_o go_v to_o london_n for_o justice_n in_o the_o premise_n where_o he_o spend_v xviij_o mark_n uj.s._n viij_o d_o and_o then_o likewise_o the_o king_n promise_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v justice_n but_o when_o he_o certeinelie_o beléeve_v to_o have_v justice_n than_o reginald_n grace_n come_v to_o the_o country_n and_o say_v open_o that_o he_o have_v all_o do_n in_o that_o country_n by_o the_o king_n charter_n and_o take_v away_o all_o bailiwick_n which_o the_o king_n have_v give_v the_o say_a grono_n and_o sell_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n then_o the_o say_v grono_n ask_v justice_n of_o the_o say_v reginald_n but_o he_o can_v not_o be_v hear_v 4_o the_o say_v grono_n take_v to_o farm_n for_o four_o year_n of_o godfrey_n marliney_n maynan_n and_o lhysfayn_n than_o robert_n cruquer_n come_v with_o his_o horse_n and_o arm_n to_o get_v the_o say_v land_n by_o force_n and_o for_o that_o grono_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o have_v the_o say_v land_n before_o his_o year_n come_v out_o he_o be_v call_v to_o the_o law_n and_o then_o the_o say_v reginald_n grace_n come_v with_o twenty-four_o horseman_n to_o take_v the_o say_v grono_n and_o for_o that_o they_o can_v not_o that_o day_n have_v their_o purpose_n they_o call_v grono_n the_o next_o day_n to_o ruthlan_n and_o then_o grono_n have_v counsel_v not_o to_o go_v to_o ruthlan_n then_o they_o call_v he_o again_o to_o answer_v at_o caerwys_n but_o the_o say_v grono_n dare_v not_o go_v thither_o but_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o s._n asaph_n for_o that_o reginald_n grace_n be_v there_o and_o his_o man_n in_o harness_n 5_o for_o these_o grief_n for_o the_o which_o he_o can_v get_v no_o justice_n but_o labour_n and_o expense_n of_o liiij_o mark_n and_o more_o and_o for_o that_o he_o dare_v not_o in_o his_o own_o person_n go_v to_o the_o court_n he_o send_v letter_n one_o to_o the_o king_n a_o other_o to_o his_o brother_n lhewelyn_n to_o signify_v to_o the_o king_n that_o he_o shall_v loose_v all_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n if_o he_o keep_v no_o promise_n with_o they_o and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v because_o the_o man_n of_o ros_n and_o englefild_n can_v get_v no_o justice_n the_o king_n neglect_v the_o correction_n of_o these_o thing_n lose_v the_o whole_a country_n humble_o show_v to_o your_o holiness_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n the_o noble_a man_n of_o tegengl_n that_o when_o the_o say_v noble_a man_n do_v their_o homage_n to_o the_o lord_n edward_n king_n of_o england_n the_o say_a king_n promise_v they_o to_o defend_v they_o and_o their_o good_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v use_v all_o kind_n of_o right_n privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o do_v use_v in_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n of_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o say_a king_n whereof_o they_o be_v after_o spoil_v first_o they_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v compel_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n whereas_o the_o tenor_n of_o that_o their_o privilege_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n at_o tref_n edwin_n at_o ruthlan_n and_o at_o caerwys_n and_o the_o best_a man_n of_o the_o country_n be_v take_v because_o they_o desire_v to_o be_v judge_v at_o tref_n edwin_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o their_o privilege_n by_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n 2_o whatsoever_o one_o justice_n do_v his_o successor_n do_v reverse_v the_o same_o for_o in_o david_n cause_n reginald_n grace_n revoke_v that_o which_o his_o predecessor_n confirm_v and_o allow_v 3_o if_o he_o do_v take_v any_o gentleman_n of_o the_o country_n he_o will_v not_o let_v he_o go_v upon_o surety_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v 4_o if_o any_o gentleman_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o flynt_n upon_o small_a accusation_n and_o his_o cattle_n withal_o they_o can_v neither_o be_v deliver_v nor_o have_v delay_n until_o they_o give_v the_o constable_n a_o ox_n and_o until_o they_o pay_v three_o pound_n fee_n to_o cynwric_n for_o the_o have_v of_o the_o delay_n 5_o reginald_n grace_n give_v the_o land_n of_o the_o man_n of_o merton_n to_o the_o abbot_n and_o covent_n of_o basingwerke_n against_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n betwixt_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o the_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v xuj_o caratatasterrae_fw-la 6_o the_o noble_a and_o best_a of_o the_o country_n be_v injure_v for_o that_o the_o king_n build_v the_o castle_n of_o flynt_n upon_o their_o ground_n and_o the_o king_n command_v the_o justice_n to_o give_v the_o man_n as_o much_o and_o as_o good_a ground_n or_o the_o price_n but_o they_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o land_n and_o have_v neither_o other_o land_n nor_o money_n 7_o reginald_n grace_n will_v not_o suffer_v man_n to_o cut_v their_o own_o wood_n until_o he_o have_v both_o money_n and_o reward_n and_o until_o they_o pay_v for_o it_o also_o but_o permit_v other_o to_o cut_v it_o down_o free_o which_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n 8_o where_o the_o man_n of_o cyrchynan_n covenant_n with_o the_o king_n to_o give_v the_o king_n half_o a_o meadow_n of_o condition_n the_o king_n shall_v not_o suffer_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v cut_v down_o howel_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_n be_v present_a yet_o reginald_n grace_n have_v break_v the_o same_o permit_v every_o man_n to_o cut_v their_o wood_n and_o spoil_v they_o also_o of_o their_o meadow_n 9_o the_o son_n of_o
manner_n 4_o item_n where_o the_o great_a man_n of_o england_n will_v procure_v a_o provision_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n in_o england_n let_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o such_o provision_n be_v not_o to_o be_v accept_v for_o that_o it_o be_v procure_v by_o they_o who_o go_v about_o to_o disinherit_v the_o prince_n to_o have_v his_o land_n in_o wales_n 5_o item_n the_o prince_n ought_v not_o to_o dismiss_v his_o inheritance_n and_o his_o predecessor_n in_o wales_n since_o the_o time_n of_o brutus_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o to_o take_v land_n in_o england_n where_o he_o know_v neither_o tongue_n manner_n law_n nor_o custom_n wherein_o he_o shall_v be_v soon_o trap_v by_o his_o neighbour_n the_o englishman_n his_o old_a malicious_a enemy_n whereby_o he_o shall_v lose_v the_o land_n too_o 6_o item_n see_v the_o king_n go_v about_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n it_o be_v not_o like_a that_o he_o will_v suffer_v he_o to_o possess_v land_n in_o england_n where_o he_o claim_v no_o right_a see_v that_o the_o prince_n land_n in_o wales_n of_o his_o own_o inheritance_n be_v but_o barren_a and_o untilled_a it_o be_v less_o like_o the_o king_n will_v suffer_v he_o to_o enjoy_v good_a fertile_a ground_n in_o england_n 7_o item_n the_o prince_n shall_v give_v the_o king_n possession_n of_o snowdon_n for_o ever_o let_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o see_v that_o snowdon_n be_v of_o the_o appurtenance_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n which_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o predecessor_n hold_v since_o the_o time_n of_o brute_n as_o it_o be_v before_o say_v his_o council_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o renounce_v that_o place_n and_o to_o take_v in_o england_n a_o place_n less_o due_a unto_o he_o 8_o item_n the_o people_n of_o snowdon_n do_v say_v that_o although_o the_o prince_n will_v give_v the_o king_n possession_n of_o it_o yet_o they_o will_v never_o do_v homage_n to_o stranger_n of_o who_o tongue_n manner_n and_o law_n they_o shall_v be_v ignorant_a for_o so_o they_o shall_v be_v for_o ever_o captive_v and_o cruel_o handle_v as_o the_o cantred_n have_v be_v by_o the_o king_n bailiff_n and_o other_o the_o king_n man_n handle_v more_o cruel_o than_o sarracens_n as_o it_o do_v well_o appear_v by_o the_o note_n of_o their_o grief_n which_o the_o man_n of_o the_o cantred_n send_v to_o you_o holy_a father_n these_o be_v to_o be_v answer_v for_o david_n the_o prince_n brother_n when_o he_o be_v dispose_v to_o see_v the_o holy_a land_n he_o will_v do_v it_o for_o god_n sake_n voluntary_o not_o by_o such_o enforcement_n against_o his_o will_n for_o he_o intend_v not_o to_o go_v on_o pilgrimage_n after_o that_o sort_n because_o he_o know_v enforce_v service_n not_o to_o please_v god_n and_o if_o he_o hereafter_o shall_v for_o devotion_n see_v the_o holy_a land_n that_o be_v no_o cause_n for_o ever_o to_o disinherit_v his_o offspring_n but_o rather_o to_o reward_v they_o and_o for_o that_o neither_o the_o prince_n nor_o his_o people_n for_o country_n nor_o for_o gain_n do_v move_v war_n invade_v not_o man_n land_n but_o defend_v their_o own_o land_n law_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n of_o inveterate_a hatred_n and_o for_o covetousness_n to_o get_v our_o land_n invade_v the_o same_o move_v war_n we_o therefore_o see_v our_o defence_n be_v just_a and_o lawful_a and_o herein_o we_o trust_v god_n will_v help_v we_o and_o will_v turn_v his_o revenge_n upon_o destroyer_n of_o church_n who_o have_v root_v up_o and_o burn_v church_n and_o take_v out_o both_o all_o sacrament_n and_o sacred_a thing_n from_o they_o kill_v priest_n clerk_n religious_a lame_a dumb_a deaf_a youngling_n suck_v their_o mother_n pap_n weak_a &_o impotent_a both_o man_n and_o woman_n and_o commit_v all_o other_o enormity_n as_o partly_o it_o appear_v to_o your_o holiness_n wherefore_o god_n forbid_v that_o your_o holiness_n shall_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o any_o but_o such_o as_o have_v do_v such_o thing_n we_o who_o have_v suffer_v all_o these_o thing_n at_o the_o king_n officer_n hand_n do_v hope_n at_o your_o hand_n remedy_n and_o comfort_n and_o that_o you_o will_v punish_v such_o church_n robber_n and_o killer_n who_o can_v defend_v themselves_o no_o way_n lest_o their_o impunity_n because_o and_z example_n for_o other_o to_o do_v the_o like_a very_o many_o in_o our_o country_n do_v much_o marvel_n that_o you_o counsel_v we_o to_o leave_v our_o own_o land_n and_o to_o go_v to_o a_o other_o man_n land_n among_o our_o enemy_n to_o live_v for_o see_v we_o can_v have_v peace_n in_o our_o own_o land_n which_o be_v our_o own_o right_n much_o less_o shall_v we_o be_v quiet_a in_o a_o other_o man_n among_o our_o enemy_n and_o though_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o live_v in_o war_n and_o peril_n hard_o it_o be_v to_o be_v utterlie_o destroy_v and_o bring_v to_o nothing_o especial_o for_o christian_n seek_v else_o nothing_o but_o to_o defend_v our_o own_o be_v by_o necessity_n drive_v thereunto_o &_o the_o greedy_a ambition_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o your_o holiness_n tell_v we_o that_o you_o have_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o all_o that_o for_o hatred_n or_o gain_n do_v hinder_v the_o peace_n and_o it_o appear_v evident_o who_o do_v war_n for_o these_o cause_n the_o fear_n of_o death_n the_o fear_n of_o imprisonment_n the_o fear_n of_o perpetual_a prison_n the_o fear_n of_o disinherit_n no_o keep_v of_o promise_n covenant_n grant_v nor_o charter_n tyrannical_a dominion_n and_o many_o more_o like_a compel_v we_o to_o be_v in_o war_n and_o this_o we_o show_v to_o god_n and_o to_o your_o lordship_n desire_v your_o godly_a and_o charitable_a help_n furthermore_o if_o any_o in_o england_n have_v offend_v the_o king_n as_o many_o do_v offend_v he_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o be_v disinherit_v so_o if_o any_o of_o we_o have_v offend_v the_o king_n let_v he_o be_v punish_v and_o make_v satisfaction_n as_o he_o may_v without_o exhereditate_v as_o we_o trust_v in_o you_o we_o pray_v you_o holy_a father_n to_o labour_n to_o this_o end_n if_o they_o lie_v to_o we_o that_o we_o break_v the_o peace_n it_o appear_v evident_o that_o they_o and_o not_o we_o break_v the_o same_o who_o never_o keep_v promise_n nor_o covenant_n nor_o order_n make_v any_o amends_n for_o trespass_n nor_o remedy_n for_o our_o complaint_n thus_o far_o out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o john_n peckam_n archbishop_n of_o cant._n write_v about_o three_o hundred_o year_n past_a which_o be_v extant_a this_o day_n to_o be_v see_v when_o the_o archbishop_n can_v not_o conclude_v a_o peace_n trivet_n he_o denounce_v the_o prince_n &_o his_o complice_n accurse_v then_o the_o king_n send_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n to_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n 791._o which_o they_o man_n &_o slay_v such_o as_o resist_v they_o for_o the_o chief_a man_n serve_v the_o king_n as_o their_o oath_n be_v so_o they_o come_v over_o against_o bangor_n 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but_o a_o few_o stand_v and_o fight_v bold_o ever_o look_v for_o their_o prince_n till_o the_o englishman_n by_o force_n of_o archer_n mix_v with_o the_o horseman_n win_v the_o hill_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o as_o they_o return_v francton_n go_v to_o spoil_v he_o who_o he_o have_v slay_v and_o when_o he_o see_v his_o face_n he_o know_v he_o very_o well_o and_o strike_v off_o his_o head_n and_o send_v it_o to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n who_o receive_v it_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v set_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o high_a turret_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o lhewelyn_n beetray_v by_o the_o man_n of_o buelht_n who_o be_v the_o last_o prince_n of_o britain_n blood_n who_o bare_a dominion_n and_o rule_n in_o wales_n so_o that_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o briton_n ever_o continue_v in_o some_o place_n of_o britain_n from_o the_o first_o come_v of_o brutus_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 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