the_o say_a master_n etc._n etc._n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o company_n and_o that_o no_o member_n of_o the_o company_n shall_v buy_v rough_a horn_n within_o four_o and_o twenty_o mile_n of_o london_n but_o of_o those_o two_o man_n so_o appoint_v under_o a_o penalty_n to_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o say_a master_n warden_n etc._n etc._n that_o the_o defendant_n do_v buy_v a_o quantity_n of_o rough_a horn_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a law_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v judgement_n in_o this_o case_n by_o default_n and_o for_o the_o defendant_n it_o be_v argue_v that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o good_a by-law_n 1._o because_o it_o do_v restrain_v trade_n 210._o 11_o co._n 54._o hob._n 210._o for_o the_o company_n be_v to_o use_v no_o horn_n but_o such_o as_o those_o two_o man_n shall_v buy_v and_o if_o they_o shall_v have_v occasion_n for_o more_o than_o those_o man_n shall_v buy_v then_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o trade_n be_v thereby_o restrain_v 2._o the_o master_n etc._n etc._n have_v reserve_v a_o power_n which_o they_o may_v use_v to_o oppress_v the_o poor_a because_o they_o may_v make_v what_o agreement_n they_o will_v among_o themselves_o and_o set_v unreasonable_a price_n upon_o those_o commodity_n and_o let_v the_o young_a sort_n of_o tradesman_n have_v what_o quantity_n and_o at_o what_o rate_v they_o please_v to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o sergeant_n thompson_n first_o this_o by-law_n be_v for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o trade_n because_o the_o horn_n be_v equal_o to_o be_v distribute_v when_o bring_v to_o the_o hall_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o whole_a company_n but_o the_o material_a objection_n be_v that_o this_o be_v a_o company_n incorporate_v within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n they_o have_v not_o jurisdiction_n elsewhere_o but_o be_v restrain_v to_o the_o city_n and_o by_o consequence_n can_v make_v a_o by-law_n which_o shall_v bind_v at_o the_o distance_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o mile_n for_o if_o they_o can_v make_v a_o law_n so_o extensive_a they_o may_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n enlarge_v it_o all_o over_o england_n and_o so_o make_v it_o as_o bind_v as_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v adjudge_v no_o good_a by-law_n sir_n john_n wytham_n versus_fw-la sir_n richard_n dutton_n assault_v and_o false_a imprisonment_n 14_o octob._n 36_o car._n 2._o etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n as_o to_o the_o assault_n before_o the_o 6_o day_n of_o november_n plead_v not-guilty_a and_o as_o to_o the_o false_a imprisonment_n on_o the_o say_v 6_o day_n of_o november_n in_o the_o same_o year_n he_o make_v a_o special_a justification_n viz._n that_o 28_o octob._n 32_o car._n 2._o etc._n etc._n the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n do_v appoint_v the_o defendant_n to_o be_v captain_n general_a and_o chief_a governor_n of_o barbadoes_n and_o so_o set_v forth_o the_o grant_n at_o large_a by_o which_o he_o appoint_v twelve_o man_n to_o be_v of_o the_o king_n council_n during_o pleasure_n of_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n wytham_n be_v one_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v also_o power_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o that_o council_n to_o appoint_v and_o establish_v court_n judge_n and_o justice_n and_o that_o the_o copy_n of_o such_o establishment_n must_v be_v send_v hither_o for_o the_o king_n assent_n with_o power_n also_o to_o establish_v a_o deputy-governour_n that_o by_o virtue_n of_o these_o letter_n patent_n the_o defendant_n have_v appoint_v sir_n john_n wytham_n to_o be_v deputy-governour_n of_o the_o say_a island_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o that_o he_o be_v so_o constitute_v do_v male_a &_o arbitrarie_n execute_v the_o say_v office_n that_o when_o the_o defendant_n return_v to_o barbadoes_n viz._n 6_o novemb_v 35_o car._n 2._o he_o call_v a_o council_n before_o who_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v charge_v with_o male_a administration_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o defendant_n viz._n that_o he_o do_v not_o take_v the_o usual_a oath_n for_o observe_v of_o trade_n and_o navigation_n that_o he_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o lieutenant_n governor_n and_o that_o decree_v make_v in_o court_n be_v alter_v by_o he_o in_o his_o chamber_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v then_o order_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o provost_n marshal_n until_o discharge_v by_o law_n which_o be_v do_v according_o in_o who_o custody_n he_o remain_v from_o the_o 6_o day_n of_o november_n to_o the_o 20_o of_o december_n follow_v which_o be_v the_o same_o imprisonment_n etc._n etc._n to_o this_o plea_n the_o plaintiff_n demur_v and_o the_o defendant_n join_v in_o demurrer_n mr._n pollexfen_v argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o sergeant_n thompson_n for_o the_o defendant_n 1._o it_o be_v say_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o commitment_n if_o any_o yet_o be_v such_o which_o they_o ought_v not_o meddle_v withal_o because_o they_o relate_v to_o his_o mis-behaviour_n in_o his_o government_n for_o which_o he_o be_v answerable_a to_o the_o king_n alone_o but_o suppose_v they_o may_v have_v some_o cause_n for_o the_o commit_n of_o he_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o plea_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v answer_v it_o for_o to_o say_v he_o do_v not_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o deputy_n governor_n in_o what_o concern_v trade_n and_o navigation_n be_v no_o cause_n of_o commitment_n because_o there_o be_v no_o body_n to_o administer_v that_o oath_n to_o he_o for_o he_o be_v governor_n himself_o then_o to_o allege_v that_o he_o do_v alter_v in_o his_o chamber_n some_o decree_n make_v in_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n that_o can_v be_v no_o cause_n of_o commitment_n for_o the_o governor_n be_v chancellor_n there_o beside_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o show_v that_o any_o body_n be_v injure_v by_o such_o alteration_n neither_o do_v he_o mention_v any_o particular_a order_n but_o only_o in_o general_n so_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o it_o 2._o he_o do_v not_o allege_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v make_v or_o do_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n but_o that_o he_o be_v charge_v to_o have_v do_v it_o and_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la whither_o upon_o oath_n or_o not_o the_o governor_n have_v a_o large_a power_n give_v by_o these_o letter_n patent_n to_o make_v law_n such_o as_o he_o by_o consent_n of_o a_o general_a council_n shall_v enact_v def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n the_o fact_n be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o plea_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v commit_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o order_n of_o council_n until_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o general_a court_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n by_o which_o court_n he_o be_v again_o commit_v that_o the_o court_n have_v power_n to_o commit_v he_o be_v not_o deny_v for_o the_o king_n be_v not_o restrain_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n to_o govern_v that_o island_n by_o any_o particular_a law_n whatsoever_o and_o therefore_o not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o by_o what_o law_n he_o please_v for_o those_o island_n be_v get_v by_o conquest_n or_o by_o some_o of_o his_o subject_n go_v in_o search_n of_o some_o prize_n and_o plant_n themselves_o there_o case_n calvin_n be_v case_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v then_o commit_v by_o a_o order_n of_o council_n till_o he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v by_o due_a course_n of_o law_n this_o court_n will_v presume_v that_o his_o commitment_n be_v legal_a the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a so_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o afterward_o 5_o willielmi_n &_o mariae_fw-la this_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v by_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n sir_n robert_n jefferies_n versus_fw-la watkins_n this_o be_v a_o action_n bring_v for_o a_o duty_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o weigh_v of_o good_n at_o the_o common_a beam_n of_o london_n declaration_n verdict_n cure_v a_o defective_a declaration_n set_v forth_o that_o the_o lord_n mayor_n etc._n etc._n time_n out_o of_o mind_n keep_v a_o common_a beam_n and_o weight_n and_o servant_n to_o attend_v the_o weigh_v of_o good_n that_o the_o defendant_n buy_v good_n etc._n etc._n but_o do_v not_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o beam_n to_o be_v weigh_v per_fw-la quod_fw-la proficuum_fw-la amisit_fw-la upon_o not-guilty_a plead_v there_o be_v a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v not_o bring_v himself_o within_o the_o prescription_n for_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n sell_v the_o good_n by_o weight_n and_o this_o be_v a_o fault_n which_o be_v not_o help_v by_o a_o verdict_n this_o have_v be_v certain_o naught_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n and_o be_v substance_n be_v not_o aid_v by_o this_o verdict_n this_o be_v substance_n for_o the_o duty_n appear_v to_o be_v whole_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o weight_n which_o be_v keep_v now_o weigh_v be_v the_o principal_a and_o it_o
trust_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o wardship_n former_o which_o always_o go_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o grantee_n and_o which_o be_v of_o great_a consideration_n in_o the_o law_n than_o the_o feed_n or_o clothe_v of_o a_o idiot_n and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v the_o court_n that_o the_o king_n have_v a_o good_a title_n to_o dispose_v of_o both_o the_o ward_n and_o the_o idiot_n one_o till_o he_o be_v of_o age_n and_o the_o other_o during_o his_o ideocy_n judgement_n for_o the_o defendant_n de_fw-fr term._n sanctae_fw-la trin._n anno_fw-la 36_o car._n ii_o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la 1684._o reeves_n versus_fw-la winnington_n the_o testator_n be_v a_o citizen_n and_o a_o freeman_n of_o london_n fee_n a_o devise_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n pass_v a_o fee_n and_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o a_o mesuage_n etc._n etc._n and_o likewise_o possess_v of_o a_o considerable_a personal_a estate_n make_v his_o will_n in_o which_o there_o be_v this_o clause_n viz._n i_o hear_v that_o john_n reeves_n be_v inquire_v after_o my_o death_n but_o i_o be_o resolve_v to_o give_v he_o nothing_o but_o what_o his_o father_n have_v give_v he_o by_o will._n i_o give_v all_o my_o estate_n to_o my_o wife_n etc._n etc._n the_o question_n be_v whether_o by_o these_o word_n the_o devisee_n have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n or_o in_o fee_n in_o the_o mesuage_n it_o be_v argue_v that_o she_o have_v only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n because_o the_o word_n all_o my_o estate_n can_v be_v construe_v to_o pass_v a_o fee_n for_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v what_o estate_n be_v intend_v and_o word_n in_o a_o will_n which_o go_v to_o disinherit_v a_o heir_n must_v be_v plain_a and_o apparent_a a_o devise_n be_v in_o these_o word_n viz._n milbank_n sid._n 191._o bowman_n versus_fw-la milbank_n i_o give_v all_o to_o my_o mother_n all_o to_o my_o mother_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o fee_n do_v not_o pass_v which_o be_v as_o strong_a a_o case_n as_o this_o for_o by_o the_o word_n all_o it_o must_v be_v intend_v all_o that_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o give_v which_o be_v as_o comprehensive_a as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v all_o my_o estate_n it_o be_v true_a 447._o kerman_n and_o johnson_n style_n 281._o 1_o rol._n abr._n 834._o cro._n car._n 447._o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v that_o where_o a_o man_n devise_v his_o whole_a estate_n to_o his_o wife_n pay_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n that_o the_o word_n estate_n there_o pass_v a_o fee_n because_o it_o be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o creditor_n there_o be_v not_o personal_a asset_n sufficient_a to_o pay_v all_o the_o debt_n but_o that_o be_v not_o find_v in_o this_o case_n therefore_o the_o word_n estate_n be_v doubtful_a and_o which_o will_v admit_v of_o a_o double_a construction_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v to_o pass_v a_o fee_n mr._n contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la pollexfen_n contra_fw-la the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o sentence_n consist_v in_o negative_a word_n and_o those_o which_o be_v subsequent_a explain_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o testator_n viz._n that_o john_n reeves_n shall_v take_v nothing_o by_o the_o will._n the_o word_n estate_n do_v comprehend_v the_o whole_a in_o which_o the_o owner_n have_v either_o a_o interest_n or_o property_n like_o a_o release_n of_o all_o action_n which_o be_v a_o good_a discharge_n as_o well_o of_o real_a as_o personal_a action_n in_o common_a understanding_n it_o carry_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o land_n and_o then_o it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o he_o have_v devise_v all_o his_o fee-simple_n estate_n in_o the_o case_n of_o bowman_n and_o milbank_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o fee-simple_n do_v not_o pass_v by_o the_o particle_n all_o because_o it_o be_v a_o relative_n word_n and_o have_v no_o substantive_n join_v with_o it_o and_o therefore_o it_o may_v have_v be_v intend_v all_o his_o cattle_n all_o his_o good_n or_o all_o his_o personal_a estate_n for_o which_o incertainty_n it_o be_v hold_v void_a yet_o justice_n twisden_n in_o that_o case_n say_v that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o if_o a_o man_n promise_n to_o give_v half_a his_o estate_n to_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n that_o the_o land_n as_o well_o as_o the_o good_n be_v include_v the_o testator_n devise_v all_o his_o tenant-right_a estate_n hold_v of_o such_o a_o manor_n 100_o 3_o keb._n 245._o mod._n rep._n 100_o and_o this_o be_v find_v special_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o any_o more_o pass_v than_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n because_o he_o do_v not_o mention_v what_o estate_n he_o intend_v but_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o devisee_n have_v a_o fee-simple_n because_o the_o word_n be_v as_o comprehensive_a as_o if_o he_o have_v devise_v all_o his_o inheritance_n and_o by_o these_o word_n a_o fee-simple_n will_v pass_v curia_fw-la it_o plain_o appear_v that_o the_o testator_n intend_v nothing_o for_o john_n reeves_n therefore_o he_o can_v take_v nothing_o by_o this_o will_n and_o that_o the_o devisee_fw-mi have_v a_o estate_n in_o fee-simple_n for_o the_o word_n all_o my_o estate_n be_v sufficient_a to_o pass_v the_o same_o rex_fw-la versus_fw-la sir_n thomas_n armstrong_n saturday_n june_n 14_o the_o defendant_n be_v outlaw_v for_o high-treason_n and_o be_v take_v at_o leyden_n in_o holland_n be_v bring_v into_o england_n and_o be_v now_o at_o the_o bar_n he_o desire_v that_o he_o may_v have_v leave_n of_o the_o court_n to_o reverse_v the_o outlawry_n and_o he_o try_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o stature_n of_o ed._n 6._o which_o enact_v 11._o 5_o &_o 6_o e._n 6._o cap._n 11._o that_o if_o the_o party_n within_o one_o year_n after_o the_o outlawry_n or_o judgement_n thereupon_o shall_v yield_v himself_o to_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o offer_v to_o traverse_v the_o indictment_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v outlaw_v he_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o such_o traverse_v and_o be_v acquit_v shall_v be_v discharge_v of_o the_o outlawry_n he_o allege_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o year_n since_o he_o be_v outlaw_v and_o therefore_o desire_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o law_n but_o it_o be_v deny_v because_o he_o have_v not_o render_v himself_o according_a to_o the_o statute_n but_o be_v apprehend_v and_o bring_v before_o the_o chief_a justice_n whereupon_o a_o rule_n be_v make_v for_o his_o execution_n at_o tyburn_n which_o be_v do_v according_o de_fw-fr term._n sancti_fw-la mich._n anno_fw-la 36_o car._n ii_o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la 1684._o hebblethwaite_n versus_fw-la palm_n mich._n 36_o car._n ii_o in_o b._n r._n rot._n 448._o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o common-plea_n doer_n possession_n be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n to_o maintain_v a_o action_n against_o a_o wrong_a doer_n for_o divert_v of_o a_o watercourse_n the_o declaration_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n primo_fw-la augusti_fw-la etc._n etc._n injust_a &_o malitiose_fw-la do_v break_v down_o a_o ancient_a dam_n upon_o the_o river_n dargo_v by_o which_o he_o do_v divert_v magnam_fw-la partem_fw-la aquae_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la &_o solitu_fw-la cursu_fw-la erga_fw-la molendinum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la quer_n etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la dampnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o before_o the_o say_a breach_n make_v he_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o a_o ancient_a mill_n and_o of_o six_o acre_n of_o land_n adjoin_v upon_o which_o the_o say_a dam_n be_v erect_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n to_o turn_v the_o water_n to_o his_o say_a mill_n which_o dam_n be_v always_o repair_v and_o maintain_v by_o the_o defendant_n and_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o say_a land_n that_o his_o mill_n be_v casual_o burn_v and_o he_o not_o intend_v to_o rebuild_a it_o suffer_v the_o dam_n to_o be_v break_v down_o and_o convert_v the_o timber_n to_o his_o own_o use_n be_v upon_o his_o own_o soil_n prout_fw-la ei_fw-la bene_fw-la licuit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o by_o the_o break_n of_o the_o dam_n the_o water_n be_v divert_v from_o his_o mill_n etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n rejoin_v and_o justify_v his_o plea_n and_o traverse_v that_o the_o mill_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o ancient_a mill._n and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n to_o this_o rejoynder_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n now_o bring_v to_o reverse_v that_o judgement_n and_o for_o the_o defendant_n in_o the_o action_n it_o be_v argue_v 1._o that_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a because_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v not_o set_v forth_o that_o his_o mill_n be_v a_o ancient_a mill._n 2._o because_o he_o have_v not_o entitle_v himself_o to_o the_o watercourse_n 3._o that_o the_o plea_n be_v good_a in_o bar_n to_o this_o action_n because_o the_o defendant_n have_v sufficient_o justify_v have_v a_o right_a to_o the_o land_n upon_o which_o the_o dam_n be_v erect_v and_o always_o repair_v it_o as_o to_o the_o first_o point_n it_o
sir_n edward_n herbert_n who_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o make_v chief_a justice_n there_o and_o sir_n francis_n wythens_n have_v his_o quietus_n the_o night_n before_o the_o same_o 21_o day_n of_o april_n after_o this_o removal_n the_o soldier_n be_v bring_v again_o to_o the_o bar_n and_o upon_o the_o motion_n of_o mr._n attorny_n be_v order_v by_o the_o new_a chief_a justice_n to_o be_v execute_v at_o plymouth_n which_o be_v do_v according_o wright_n chief_a justice_n holloway_n justice_n powel_n justice_n allibon_n justice_n monday_n may_v second_o nota._n a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o this_o court_n returnable_a in_o parliament_n which_o be_v prorogue_v from_o the_o 28_o day_n of_o april_n to_o the_o 22d_o day_n of_o november_n follow_v sir_n george_n treby_n move_v that_o it_o may_v be_v discharge_v for_o it_o can_v not_o be_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la to_o this_o execution_n because_o there_o be_v a_o whole_a term_n which_o intervene_v between_o the_o testae_fw-la and_o return_v of_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n viz._n trinity-term_n on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o proclamation_n be_v no_o record_n it_o only_o show_v the_o present_a intention_n of_o the_o king_n which_o he_o may_v recall_v at_o any_o time_n but_o the_o court_n make_v no_o rule_n de_fw-fr term._n sanct._n trin._n anno_fw-la 2_o jac._n ii_o in_o banco_n regis_fw-la 1686._o wright_n chief_a justice_n holloway_n justice_n powel_n justice_n allibon_n justice_n sawyer_n attorney_n general_n powis_n solicitor_n general_n the_o company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n versus_fw-la rebow_n in_o a_o special_a action_n on_o the_o case_n men._n whether_o the_o king_n have_v a_o prerogative_n to_o restrain_v trade_n to_o a_o particular_a number_n of_o men._n the_o plaintiff_n declare_v that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n 4._o there_o be_v a_o society_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n in_o england_n and_o that_o afterward_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v by_o her_o letter_n patent_n incorporate_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o company_n of_o the_o merchant_n adventurer_n etc._n etc._n and_o give_v they_o privilege_n to_o trade_n into_o holland_n zealand_n flanders_n brabant_n the_o country_n belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburgh_n and_o hamburgh_n prohibit_v all_o other_o not_o free_a of_o that_o company_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o they_o do_v trade_n into_o those_o part_n and_o have_v thereby_o great_a privilege_n and_o advantage_n that_o the_o defendant_n not_o be_v free_a of_o the_o say_a company_n do_v trade_n into_o those_o part_n without_o their_o authority_n and_o import_v good_n from_o thence_o into_o this_o kingdom_n ad_fw-la damnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n plead_v as_o to_o hamburgh_n not-guilty_a 3._o 15_o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o place_n he_o plead_v the_o statute_n of_o ed._n 3._o that_o the_o sea_n shall_v be_v open_a to_o all_o merchant_n to_o pass_v with_o their_o merchandise_n whither_o they_o please_v the_o plaintiff_n demur_v and_o the_o defendant_n join_v in_o demurrer_n this_o case_n be_v now_o argue_v by_o council_n on_o both_o side_n the_o council_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o their_o argument_n make_v these_o point_n 1._o what_o power_n the_o king_n have_v by_o his_o prerogative_n to_o restrain_v his_o subject_n from_o trade_v to_o particular_a place_n 2._o admit_v he_o have_v such_o a_o prerogative_n whether_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n will_v lie_v as_o to_o the_o first_o point_v it_o be_v say_v 57_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 30._o 2_o inst_z 57_o that_o all_o trade_n must_v be_v under_o some_o regulation_n and_o that_o the_o subject_n have_v not_o a_o absolute_a power_n to_o trade_n without_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n for_o it_o be_v say_v in_o our_o book_n omnes_fw-la mercatores_fw-la nisi_fw-la publicae_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la fuerint_fw-la habeant_fw-la salvum_fw-la &_o securum_fw-la conductum_fw-la which_o be_v mean_v of_o merchant_n stranger_n in_o amity_n with_o we_o and_o nisi_fw-la publicae_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la must_v be_v by_o the_o king_n now_o if_o merchant_n stranger_n may_v be_v prohibit_v from_o come_v into_o england_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o king_n subject_n may_v be_v restrain_v to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n the_o writ_n of_o ne_fw-la exeat_fw-la regnum_fw-la be_v frame_v 179._o f._n n._n b._n 85._o 3_o inst_z 179._o which_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n and_o not_o give_v by_o any_o particular_a statute_n the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o this_o and_o such_o like_a case_n be_v so_o much_o favour_v by_o law_n 172._o 1_o leon._n 9_o more_n 172._o that_o he_o may_v by_o his_o privy_a seal_n command_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n to_o return_v out_o of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n or_o seize_v their_o land_n the_o first_o statute_n which_o regulate_v trade_n be_v 1._o 27_o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o that_o which_o confine_v the_o staple_n to_o certain_a place_n that_o person_n may_v not_o go_v about_o in_o company_n to_o trade_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o from_o thence_o come_v market_n and_o if_o such_o be_v keep_v without_o the_o king_n be_v grant_v a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la will_v lie_v against_o they_o who_o continue_v it_o and_o the_o people_n who_o frequent_v those_o market_n be_v punishable_a by_o fine_a the_o law_n be_v plain_a 140._o f._n n._n b._n 125._o 2_o roll._n abr._n 140._o that_o the_o king_n be_v sole_a judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o market_n shall_v be_v keep_v for_o if_o he_o grant_v one_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o such_o a_o place_n which_o may_v not_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o country_n yet_o the_o subject_n can_v go_v to_o no_o other_o and_o if_o they_o do_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n where_o they_o meet_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o grantee_n of_o the_o market_n a_o custom_n to_o restrain_v a_o man_n from_o the_o exercise_v of_o his_o trade_n in_o a_o particular_a place_n have_v be_v adjudge_v good_a 127._o sir_n g._n farmer_n be_v case_n cire_v in_o 8_o co._n 127._o as_o to_o have_v a_o bakehouse_n in_o such_o a_o manor_n and_o that_o no_o other_o shall_v use_v that_o trade_n there_o and_o as_o a_o man_n may_v be_v restrain_v by_o custom_n so_o he_o may_v restrain_v himself_o from_o use_v of_o a_o trade_n in_o a_o certain_a place_n joliffe_n 2_o cro._n brown_n versus_fw-la joliffe_n as_o if_o he_o promise_v upon_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n not_o to_o use_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o mercer_n in_o such_o a_o place_n and_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a that_o trade_n shall_v in_o some_o measure_n be_v restrain_v so_o as_o to_o be_v manage_v only_o by_o freeman_n because_o it_o be_v of_o more_o advantage_n to_o the_o king_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o a_o company_n especial_o in_o london_n who_o may_v manage_v it_o with_o order_n and_o government_n that_o be_v by_o some_o power_n to_o restrain_v particular_a person_n from_o that_o liberty_n which_o otherwise_o they_o will_v use_v and_o therefore_o such_o company_n have_v always_o power_n to_o make_v by_o law_n to_o regulate_v trade_n which_o be_v the_o chief_n end_n of_o their_o incorporation_n and_o if_o such_o corporation_n have_v power_n to_o judge_v and_o determine_v who_o be_v fit_a person_n to_o exercise_v trade_n within_o their_o jurisdiction_n the_o king_n have_v certain_o a_o great_a prerogative_n to_o determine_v which_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v fit_a to_o trade_n to_o particular_a place_n exclusive_a from_o the_o rest_n that_o the_o governor_n of_o corporation_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o such_o authority_n appear_v in_o townsend_n case_n 107._o sid._n 107._o who_o serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n to_o a_o tailor_n in_o oxford_n and_o be_v refuse_v by_o the_o mayor_n to_o be_v make_v a_o freeman_n of_o that_o city_n which_o show_v that_o if_o a_o person_n be_v not_o qualify_v he_o may_v be_v exclude_v this_o be_v a_o very_a ancient_a company_n for_o cloth_n be_v first_o bring_v into_o this_o realm_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o ed._n 3._o and_o be_v always_o under_o some_o government_n my_o lord_n roll_v quote_v the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o h._n 39_o 1_o h._n 5._o no._n 41._o 2_o abr._n roll._n 174._o placit_fw-la 39_o 5._o wherein_o the_o commons_o pray_v that_o all_o merchant_n may_v import_v or_o export_v their_o good_n to_o any_o place_n except_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o staple_n pay_v the_o custom_n take_v notice_n that_o this_o prayer_n be_v make_v against_o the_o company_n which_o prohibit_v such_o trade_n this_o show_v that_o even_a in_o those_o day_n trade_n be_v under_o a_o regulation_n king_n ed._n 11._o 34_o e._n 3._o c._n 18._o 38_o e._n 3._o c._n 11._o 3._o give_v licence_n to_o all_o merchant_n denizen_n who_o be_v not_o artificer_n to_o go_v into_o gascoigne_n for_o wine_n
the_o three_o part_n of_o modern_a report_n be_v a_o collection_n of_o several_a special_a case_n in_o the_o court_n of_o king's-bench_n in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n ii_o and_o in_o the_o two_o first_o year_n of_o his_o present_a majesty_n together_o with_o the_o resolution_n and_o judgement_n thereupon_o none_o of_o these_o case_n ever_o print_v before_o indignor_fw-la quicquam_fw-la reprehendi_fw-la non_fw-la quia_fw-la crassè_fw-la compositum_fw-la illepidéve_n putetur_fw-la sed_fw-la quia_fw-la nuper_fw-la hor._n epist_n 2.1_o careful_o collect_v by_o a_o learned_a hand_n london_n print_v by_o the_o assign_v of_o rich._n and_o edw._n atkins_n esqr_v for_o charles_n harper_n at_o the_o flower_n de_fw-fr luce_n over-against_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1700._o mr_n ambrose_n holbech_n of_o mollington._n in_o the_o county_n of_o warwick_n 1702_o to_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o common_a 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make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o municipal_a law_n and_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o future_a evil_n shall_v be_v foresee_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o mankind_n so_o as_o to_o prevent_v they_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o reasonable_a that_o positive_a law_n shall_v be_v institute_v by_o the_o legislative_a power_n which_o we_o call_v statute_n and_o those_o be_v either_o command_n or_o prohibition_n always_o enact_v upon_o some_o present_a emergency_n and_o may_v be_v alter_v or_o repeal_v according_a as_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n change_v or_o as_o the_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n require_v for_o the_o public_a good_n i_o do_v not_o find_v this_o nation_n be_v govern_v by_o any_o settle_a law_n from_o the_o time_n of_o william_n call_v the_o conqueror_n till_o 9_o h._n 3._o but_o by_o the_o irregular_a power_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n and_o of_o those_o who_o immediate_o succeed_v he_o it_o be_v true_a he_o swear_v to_o preserve_v approbatas_fw-la &_o antiquas_fw-la 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i._o encourage_v the_o lawyer_n in_o his_o time_n to_o reduce_v they_o into_o order_n and_o write_v which_o be_v do_v according_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o john_n breton_n not_o the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n but_o a_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o as_o mr._n selden_n have_v observe_v the_o bishop_n of_o that_o name_n die_v anno_fw-la 3_o e._n 1._o and_o in_o that_o book_n which_o be_v now_o call_v breton_n the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o be_v cite_v which_o be_v make_v 13_o e._n 1._o and_o therefore_o it_o can_v not_o be_v pen_v by_o the_o bishop_n unless_o he_o can_v quote_v a_o statute_n which_o be_v not_o make_v till_o above_o ten_o year_n after_o his_o death_n this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o system_n extant_a of_o our_o law_n it_o be_v true_a the_o book_n call_v the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n be_v write_v before_o but_o many_o addition_n be_v make_v to_o it_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n by_o andrew_n horn_n a_o learned_a man_n in_o that_o age._n 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this_o court_n have_v no_o cognizance_n word_n which_o be_v actionable_a must_v immediate_o injure_v the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v either_o in_o his_o profession_n or_o bring_v he_o in_o danger_n of_o some_o punishment_n 8._o hob._n 8._o as_o to_o call_v a_o attorney_n bribe_v knave_n which_o be_v adjective_o speak_v yet_o it_o be_v a_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o in_o his_o profession_n it_o be_v say_v at_o the_o trial_n in_o the_o common-plea_n that_o it_o be_v actionable_a to_o call_v a_o man_n papist_n at_o this_o time_n though_o it_o may_v not_o be_v so_o at_o another_o time_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o very_a vain_a assertion_n for_o though_o the_o time_n may_v alter_v the_o law_n be_v still_o the_o same_o it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a great_a inconvenience_n if_o man_n shall_v be_v deter_v by_o action_n to_o call_v another_o man_n a_o papist_n for_o this_o will_v be_v a_o encouragement_n to_o popery_n and_o a_o check_n upon_o the_o protestant_a religion_n to_o 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the_o court_n of_o arch_n the_o case_n be_v ensue_v prohibition_n not_o grant_v where_o a_o temporal_a loss_n may_v ensue_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v present_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n of_o bristol_n to_o the_o parish_n church_n of_o christ-church_n in_o the_o say_a city_n and_o the_o defendant_n libel_v against_o he_o because_o he_o be_v not_o 23_o year_n of_o age_n when_o make_v deacon_n nor_o 24_o when_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o order_n of_o a_o priest_n 12._o 13_o eliz._n c._n 12._o and_o the_o statute_n require_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v make_v a_o minister_n or_o admit_v to_o preach_v be_v under_o that_o age._n the_o reason_n now_o allege_v for_o a_o prohibition_n be_v because_o this_o matter_n be_v triable_a at_o law_n and_o not_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n because_o if_o true_a a_o temporal_a loss_n viz_o deprivation_n may_v follow_v but_o the_o court_n deny_v the_o prohibition_n and_o compare_v this_o case_n to_o that_o of_o a_o drunkard_n or_o ill_a liver_n 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that_o the_o distringas_fw-la and_o habeas_fw-la corpora_fw-la be_v inter_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o richardum_fw-la baxter_n which_o can_v not_o be_v because_o the_o information_n be_v exhibit_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o attorney_n general_n but_o the_o court_n overrule_v these_o exception_n and_o say_v that_o by_o the_o word_n bishop_n in_o this_o information_n no_o other_o can_v be_v reasonable_o intend_v but_o the_o english_a bishop_n thereupon_o the_o court_n fine_v he_o 500_o l._n and_o order_v he_o to_o give_v security_n for_o his_o good_a behaviour_n for_o seven_o year_n procter_n versus_fw-la burdet_n a_o action_n of_o covenant_n be_v bring_v by_o a_o apprentice_n set_v forth_o the_o indenture_n by_o which_o the_o defendant_n good_a in_o covenant_n the_o breach_n be_v general_o assign_v and_o hold_v good_a his_o master_n have_v covenant_v to_o find_v and_o allow_v the_o plaintiff_n meat_n drink_v lodging_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n necessary_a during_o such_o a_o time_n and_o the_o breach_n be_v as_o general_a as_o the_o covenant_n viz._n that_o he_o do_v not_o find_v hind_n he_o meat_n drink_v lodging_n &_o alia_fw-la necessaria_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n have_v judgement_n by_o nil_fw-la dicit_fw-la and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o enquity_n bring_v entire_a damage_n be_v give_v against_o the_o defendant_n and_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n upon_o this_o judgement_n the_o error_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o breach_n be_v too_o general_a and_o that_o entire_a damage_n be_v give_v among_o other_o thing_n for_o alia_fw-la necessaria_fw-la and_o do_v not_o say_v for_o what_o mill_n 2_o cro._n 436._o astel_n versus_fw-la mill_n and_o a_o case_n be_v cite_v in_o the_o point_n in_o trinity-term_n 16_o jacobi_n where_o the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v for_o this_o very_a reason_n the_o council_n contra_fw-la argue_v that_o that_o which_o be_v require_v in_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n be_v that_o there_o may_v be_v such_o a_o certainty_n as_o the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v a_o former_a recovery_n in_o barr_n if_o he_o be_v sue_v again_o and_o therefore_o one_o need_v not_o be_v so_o particular_a in_o assign_v of_o the_o breach_n upon_o a_o covenant_n as_o upon_o a_o bond_n for_o in_o a_o bond_n for_o performance_n of_o covenant_n where_o there_o be_v a_o covenant_n to_o repiar_n if_o it_o be_v put_v in_o suit_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o the_o house_n be_v out_o of_o repair_n but_o you_o must_v show_v how_o but_o in_o a_o covenant_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v out_o of_o repair_n if_o in_o this_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v show_v what_o necessary_n be_v not_o provide_v for_o he_o 85._o kelway_n 85._o it_o will_v have_v make_v the_o record_n too_o long_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o say_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o find_v alia_fw-la necessaria_fw-la that_o case_n in_o 2_o cro._n 373._o 2_o cro._n 304_o 367._o 1_o rol._n rep._n 173._o 3_o bul_v 31._o 2_o saund._n 373._o have_v since_o be_v adjudge_v not_o to_o be_v law_n for_o many_o contrary_a judgement_n have_v weaken_v the_o authority_n of_o it_o viz._n that_o the_o breach_n may_v be_v assign_v as_o general_a as_o the_o covenant_n as_o where_o a_o man_n covenant_v that_o he_o have_v a_o lawful_a estate_n and_o right_o to_o let_v etc._n etc._n the_o breach_n assign_v be_v that_o he_o have_v no_o lawful_a estate_n and_o right_o to_o let_v etc._n etc._n and_o do_v not_o show_v that_o the_o lessor_n have_v not_o such_o right_a or_o that_o he_o be_v evict_v yet_o it_o be_v hold_v good_a curia_fw-la in_o a_o quantum_fw-la meruit_fw-la they_o formerly_z set_v out_o the_o matter_n at_o length_n but_o now_o of_o late_a in_o that_o action_n in_o general_a word_n and_o also_o in_o trover_n and_o conversion_n pro_fw-la diversis_fw-la aliis_fw-la bonis_fw-la have_v be_v hold_v good_a which_o be_v as_o
and_o that_o alien_n may_v bring_v wine_n into_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o all_o merchandize_n may_v be_v carry_v into_o ireland_n and_o export_v from_o thence_o which_o show_v that_o without_o such_o leave_n person_n can_v not_o trade_v thither_o and_o denizen_n can_v not_o import_v wine_n from_o those_o part_n the_o case_n of_o sole_a print_n be_v a_o manufacture_n and_o so_o not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n to_o restrain_v for_o it_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o art_n and_o skill_n but_o when_o once_o it_o become_v of_o public_a concernment_n than_o the_o prerogative_n interpose_v it_o be_v a_o vain_a objection_n to_o say_v that_o every_o subject_a have_v a_o right_a to_o trade_n which_o right_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n for_o that_o law_n can_v give_v no_o such_o authority_n against_o any_o king_n prohibition_n for_o suppose_v a_o foreign_a prince_n shall_v forbid_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n to_o trade_n within_o his_o dominion_n what_o right_o can_v the_o common_a law_n give_v they_o so_o to_o do_v or_o suppose_v any_o foreign_a prince_n shall_v restrain_v trade_n to_o a_o peculiar_a number_n of_o man_n exclusive_a from_o the_o rest_n how_o will_v the_o common_a law_n help_v they_o so_o that_o if_o this_o trade_n depend_v upon_o the_o will_n of_o a_o foreign_a prince_n why_o may_v not_o the_o king_n of_o england_n prohibit_v his_o subject_n from_o use_v of_o it_o he_o who_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o make_v league_n and_o treaty_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o trade_n and_o can_v that_o right_n which_o the_o subject_n have_v at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v independent_a on_o this_o the_o question_n now_o be_v about_o the_o regulation_n of_o a_o trade_n by_o letter_n patent_n which_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o do_v 1._o by_o his_o prerogative_n 40._o 27_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o 43_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o 47_o e._n 3._o 1_o h._n 5._o num_fw-la 40._o for_o the_o appointment_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v not_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o league_n and_o treaty_n 2._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o have_v allow_v such_o grant_n and_o from_o other_o act_n which_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o 12_o h._n 7._o 6._o 12_o h._n 7._o c._n 6._o a_o fellowship_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n in_o london_n make_v a_o order_n to_o restrain_v all_o person_n to_o sell_v at_o such_o a_o mart_n without_o their_o consent_n the_o statute_n of_o 3_o jacobi_n recite_v letter_n patent_n of_o the_o incorporation_n to_o certain_a merchant_n to_o trade_n into_o spain_n and_o 4_o jac._n 9_o 3_o jac._n c._n 6._o cap._n 9_o recite_v the_o like_a letter_n patent_n grant_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o exeter_n by_o the_o queen_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v what_o act_v of_o parliament_n have_v either_o take_v away_o or_o abridge_v the_o king_n prerogative_n the_o first_o be_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la viz._n that_o all_o merchant_n shall_v stay_v here_o nisi_fw-la publicae_fw-la antea_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la the_o meaning_n of_o which_o have_v be_v already_o explain_v the_o second_o statute_n be_v that_o which_o the_o defendant_n have_v plead_v in_o answer_n to_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o preamble_n of_o any_o statute_n law_n be_v the_o best_a expositor_n of_o it_o because_o it_o usual_o mention_n the_o occasion_n of_o its_o make_n and_o this_o act_n among_o other_o thing_n and_o petition_n recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o man_n of_o flanders_n that_o the_o staple_n of_o wool_n shall_v be_v at_o bruges_n which_o town_n have_v order_v that_o no_o wool_n shall_v be_v sell_v to_o stranger_n which_o be_v much_o to_o the_o damage_n of_o trade_a merchant_n now_o what_o be_v the_o remedy_n in_o this_o case_n why_o the_o king_n grant_v that_o they_o may_v buy_v wool_n at_o such_o prize_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o carry_v it_o where_o they_o please_v let_v the_o sea_n be_v open_a etc._n etc._n so_o that_o this_o act_n have_v only_o a_o prospect_n to_o remedy_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o staple_n which_o have_v in_o no_o sort_n abridge_v the_o king_n prerogative_n if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o regulation_n of_o trade_n by_o the_o power_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o turkey_n company_n when_o it_o may_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o one_o man_n to_o ruin_v all_o the_o effect_n of_o our_o english_a merchant_n there_o by_o a_o misdemeanour_n therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v look_v after_o very_o strict_o all_o argument_n which_o may_v be_v deduce_v from_o monopoly_n will_v have_v no_o influence_n upon_o this_o case_n because_o this_o grant_n do_v not_o bar_v the_o subject_a of_o any_o precedent_n right_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o since_o they_o be_v abridge_v in_o interest_n a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n will_v lie_v mr._n contra_fw-la e_o contra_fw-la pollexfen_n contra_fw-la these_o letter_n patent_n extend_v to_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o judgement_n if_o for_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v be_v that_o all_o merchant_n trade_v thither_o must_v be_v of_o this_o company_n or_o exclude_v from_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n now_o suppose_v that_o several_a man_n may_v be_v of_o this_o company_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o all_o merchant_n who_o trade_n into_o those_o part_n of_o europe_n shall_v be_v member_n thereof_o for_o where_o shall_v they_o meet_v to_o make_v by-law_n neither_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o other_o merchant_n who_o live_v remote_a from_o london_n will_v adventure_v their_o stock_n and_o estate_n with_o the_o citizen_n what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o clothier_n must_v they_o sell_v their_o cloth_n at_o the_o rate_v impose_v by_o this_o company_n the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v his_o subject_n from_o trade_v to_o particular_a place_n or_o that_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o under_o the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n nor_o whether_o he_o may_v make_v league_n and_o treaty_n for_o it_o be_v certain_o his_o prerogative_n nor_o how_o the_o staple_n be_v former_o which_o have_v be_v long_o since_o discontinue_v and_o not_o easy_a to_o find_v out_o nothing_o will_v follow_v from_o either_o of_o these_o consideration_n which_o may_v be_v of_o any_o use_n in_o this_o case_n but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o king_n can_v make_v such_o a_o grant_v exclude_v all_o other_o from_o trade_n for_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 7._o 6._o 12_o h._n 7._o c_o 6._o that_o no_o englishman_n shall_v take_v of_o another_o any_o fine_a or_o imposition_n for_o his_o liberty_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v the_o case_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n be_v not_o like_o this_o for_o they_o who_o argue_v then_o do_v admit_v that_o if_o the_o grant_v to_o that_o company_n have_v restrain_v the_o subject_n from_o trade_v to_o christian_a country_n it_o have_v be_v void_a but_o it_o only_o prohibit_v a_o trade_n with_o infidel_n with_o who_o we_o shall_v have_v no_o communication_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n lest_o we_o shall_v forsake_v the_o catholic_n faith_n and_o turn_v infidel_n for_o that_o reason_n it_o be_v hold_v good_a and_o such_o a_o licence_n be_v see_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n 296._o 2_o brownl_n 296._o as_o he_o tell_v we_o in_o michelburn_n case_n which_o be_v grant_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o ed._n 3._o but_o a_o patent_n to_o exclude_v all_o other_o be_v void_a both_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o statute_n law_n as_o to_o the_o argument_n that_o the_o common_a law_n give_v no_o privilege_n to_o trade_n against_o the_o king_n prohibition_n because_o foreign_a prince_n may_v restrain_v the_o trade_n to_o a_o particular_a number_n of_o man_n can_v any_o inference_n be_v make_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v therefore_o restrain_v trade_n to_o a_o like_a number_n of_o man_n all_o patent_n prohibit_v trade_n be_v void_a 4.14_o 1_o rol._n rep._n 4._o 13_o h._n 4.14_o if_o a_o man_n will_v give_v give_v land_n in_o mortmain_n or_o will_v have_v a_o new_a way_n by_o take_v in_o the_o common_a highway_n this_o may_v be_v do_v with_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o the_o escheator_n or_o sheriff_n be_v to_o examine_v the_o fact_n and_o if_o it_o be_v ad_fw-la dampnum_fw-la alterius_fw-la such_o a_o licence_n be_v void_a as_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o subject_a 222._o f._n n._n b._n 222._o and_o if_o it_o be_v void_a a_o fortiori_fw-la a_o grant_n to_o restrain_v trade_n must_v be_v so_o all_o engross_a and_o monopolise_v be_v void_a by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o one_o be_v a_o species_n of_o the_o other_o it_o be_v define_v by_o
comissarius_fw-la especial_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o fellow_n of_o a_o college_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o private_a design_n and_o do_v not_o concern_v the_o public_a 265_o use_n if_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v in_o a_o deed_n or_o a_o covenant_n to_o make_v livery_n nothing_o pass_v by_o way_n of_o use_n 237_o w._n way_n see_v action_n for_o wrong_n 9_o prescription_n 1._o in_o action_n for_o not_o repair_v they_o it_o must_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o defendant_n reparare_fw-la debet_fw-la 291_o 2._o action_n on_o the_o case_n do_v not_o lie_v by_o any_o particular_a person_n for_o not_o repair_v unless_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a damage_n but_o a_o indictment_n be_v te_fw-la proper_a remedy_n ibid._n 3._o custom_n for_o all_o occupier_n of_o a_o close_a in_o such_o a_o parish_n to_o have_v a_o footway_n not_o good_a for_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o prescribe_v in_o he_o who_o have_v the_o inheritance_n 294_o waste_n see_v baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr 7._o it_o lay_v at_o common-law_n only_o against_o tenant_n by_o the_o courtesy_n or_o in_o dower_n 90_o 2._o it_o be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n against_o tenant_n for_o life_n or_o year_n and_o treble_a damage_n ibid._n 3._o it_o lie_v against_o a_o executor_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr tort_fw-fr of_o a_o term_n for_o year_n 93_o 4._o it_o lie_v against_o a_o administrator_n of_o a_o rightful_a executor_n though_o the_o statute_n do_v charge_n only_a executor_n the_o son_n tort_fw-fr and_o administrator_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v liable_a as_o the_o executor_n or_o intestate_a 113_o will_n see_v exposition_n devise_v a_o subsequent_a will_n may_v be_v make_v so_o as_o to_o consist_v and_o stand_v with_o a_o former_a 204_o 2._o it_o may_v also_o revoke_v part_n and_o confirm_v part_n of_o aformer_n will_n ibid._n 3._o if_o two_o will_n be_v make_v without_o date_n they_o be_v both_o void_a otherwise_o of_o codicil_n 208_o 4._o two_o witness_n to_o a_o will_n and_o two_o to_o a_o codicil_n annex_v to_o the_o same_o will_n one_o of_o the_o witness_n to_o the_o codicil_n be_v a_o witness_n to_o the_o will_n the_o three_o person_n be_v not_o a_o good_a witness_n to_o the_o will_n for_o he_o never_o do_v see_v it_o 262_o witness_n a_o witness_n at_o a_o trial_n have_v make_v a_o bargain_n with_o the_o plaintiff_n who_o promise_v she_o 1000_o l._n if_o she_o recover_v she_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o be_v swear_v 85_o 2._o informer_n shall_v be_v a_o good_a witness_n to_o convict_v a_o man_n for_o deer-stealing_a though_o he_o have_v a_o moiety_n of_o the_o forfeiture_n 114_o 115_o 3._o the_o patry_n to_o a_o usurious_a contract_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o witness_n to_o prove_v the_o usury_n for_o he_o be_v testis_fw-la in_o propria_fw-la causa_fw-la 114_o book_n print_v for_o and_o sell_v by_o charles_n harper_n at_o the_o flower-de-luce_n over_o against_o st._n dunstan_n be_v church_n in_o fleetstreet_n law-book_n the_o report_n of_o sir_n peyton_n ventris_n knight_n late_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n in_o two_o part_n the_o first_o contain_v select_a case_n adjudge_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o the_o second_o part_n contain_v choice_a case_n adjudge_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o and_o king_n james_n ii_o and_o in_o the_o three_o first_o year_n of_o his_o now_o majesty_n king_n william_n and_o the_o late_a queen_n mary_n while_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o the_o say_a court_n with_o the_o plead_n to_o the_o same_o with_o the_o allowance_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n and_o all_o the_o judge_n though_o volume_n folio_n price_n 1_o l._n 10_o s._n the_o second_o part_n of_o modern_a report_n be_v a_o collection_n of_o several_a special_a case_n most_o of_o they_o adjudge_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n in_o the_o 26_o 27_o 28_o 29_o and_o 30_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o when_o sir_n francis_n north_n be_v chief_a justice_n of_o the_o say_a court_n to_o which_o be_v add_v several_a select_a case_n in_o the_o court_n of_o chancery_n kings-bench_n and_o exchequer_n careful_o collect_v by_o a_o learned_a hand_n print_a 1698._o price_n 12_o s._n the_o lord_n coke_n report_n in_o english_a folio_n judge_n crook_n report_n in_o three_o volume_n the_o three_o edition_n with_o reference_n to_o all_o the_o late_a report_n the_o lord_n coke_n commentary_n on_o littleton_n folio_n his_o commentary_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la folio_n his_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n folio_n his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n or_o four_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n his_o eleven_o report_n in_o french_a folio_n bulstrode_n report_n with_o new_a reference_n folio_n leonard_n report_n in_o four_o part_n with_o new_a reference_n folio_n the_o year-book_n in_o ten_o volume_n the_o last_o edition_n with_o new_a note_n and_o table_n to_o they_o 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