among_o the_o rest_n that_o of_o raise_v some_o or_o all_o of_o the_o coin_n here_o this_o be_v chief_o ground_v upon_o the_o experience_n make_v as_o they_o say_v about_o the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n come_v first_o over_o hither_o in_o 1663._o when_o the_o plate-piece_n of_o eight_o be_v raise_v three_o penny_n in_o the_o piece_n and_o a_o mighty_a plenty_n of_o money_n be_v observe_v to_o grow_v in_o ireland_n for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o after_o but_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_o mistake_v account_n and_o to_o have_v depend_v whole_o upon_o other_o circumstance_n little_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o not_o at_o all_o upon_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o money_n to_o which_o it_o be_v by_o some_o great_a man_n attribute_v for_o first_o there_o be_v about_o that_o time_n a_o general_a peace_n and_o serenity_n which_o have_v new_o succeed_v a_o general_a trouble_n and_o cloud_n throughout_o all_o his_o majesty_n kingdom_n then_o after_o two_o year_n attendance_n in_o england_n upon_o the_o settlement_n of_o ireland_n there_o on_o the_o forge_n by_o all_o person_n and_o party_n here_o that_o be_v considerable_o interest_v in_o it_o the_o parliament_n be_v call_v here_o and_o the_o main_a settlement_n of_o ireland_n wound_v up_o in_o england_n and_o put_v into_o the_o duke_n of_o ormonds_n hand_n to_o pass_v here_o into_o a_o act_n all_o person_n come_v over_o in_o a_o shoal_n either_o to_o attend_v their_o own_o concernment_n in_o the_o main_a or_o more_o particular_o to_o make_v their_o court_n to_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n upon_o who_o his_o majesty_n have_v at_o that_o time_n in_o a_o manner_n whole_o devolve_v the_o care_n and_o disposition_n of_o all_o affair_n in_o this_o kingdom_n this_o make_v a_o sudden_a and_o mighty_a stop_n of_o that_o issue_n of_o money_n which_o have_v for_o two_o year_n run_v perpetual_o out_o of_o ireland_n into_o england_n and_o keep_v it_o all_o at_o home_n nor_o be_v the_o very_a expense_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n own_o great_a patrimonial_a estate_n with_o that_o of_o several_a other_o family_n that_o come_v over_o at_o that_o time_n of_o small_a consideration_n in_o the_o stock_n of_o this_o kingdom_n beside_o there_o be_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n in_o ready_a coin_n bring_v over_o out_o of_o england_n at_o the_o same_o time_n towards_o the_o arrear_n of_o the_o army_n which_o be_v all_o circumstance_n that_o must_v needs_o have_v make_v a_o mighty_a change_n in_o the_o course_n of_o ready_a money_n here_o all_o the_o effect_n that_o i_o conceive_v be_v make_v by_o cry_v up_o the_o piece_n of_o eight_o be_v to_o bring_v in_o much_o more_o of_o that_o species_n instead_o of_o other_o current_n here_o as_o indeed_o all_o the_o money_n bring_v from_o england_n be_v of_o that_o sort_n and_o complain_v of_o in_o parliament_n to_o be_v of_o a_o worse_a allay_n and_o to_o carry_v away_o much_o english_a money_n in_o exchange_n for_o plate-piece_n by_o which_o a_o trade_n be_v drive_v very_o beneficial_a to_o the_o trader_n but_o of_o mighty_a loss_n to_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n of_o their_o money_n the_o circumstance_n at_o this_o time_n seem_v to_o be_v just_o the_o reverse_n of_o what_o they_o be_v then_o the_o nation_n engage_v in_o a_o war_n the_o most_o fatal_a to_o trade_n of_o any_o that_o can_v arise_v the_o settlement_n of_o ireland_n shake_v at_o the_o court_n and_o fall_v into_o new_a disquisition_n whether_o in_o truth_n or_o in_o common_a opinion_n be_v all_o a_o case_n this_o draw_v continual_a agency_n and_o journey_n of_o people_n concern_v into_o england_n to_o watch_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o main_a wheel_n there_o beside_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n since_o the_o duke_n of_o ormond_n time_n have_v have_v little_a in_o their_o disposition_n here_o and_o only_o execute_v the_o resolution_n daily_o take_v at_o court_n in_o particular_a as_o well_o as_o general_a affair_n which_o have_v draw_v thither_o the_o attendance_n of_o all_o private_a pretender_n the_o great_a estate_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v four_o or_o five_o year_n constant_o spend_v in_o england_n money_n instead_o of_o come_v over_o hither_o for_o pay_v of_o the_o army_n have_v since_o the_o war_n begin_v be_v transmit_v thither_o for_o pay_v of_o those_o force_n that_o be_v call_v from_o hence_o and_o last_o this_o war_n have_v have_v a_o more_o particular_a and_o mortal_a influence_n upon_o the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n than_o upon_o any_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n kingdom_n for_o by_o the_o act_n against_o transportation_n of_o cattle_n into_o england_n the_o trade_n of_o this_o country_n which_o run_v whole_o thither_o before_o be_v turn_v very_o much_o into_o foreign_a part_n but_o by_o this_o war_n the_o last_o be_v stop_v and_o the_o other_o not_o be_v open_v there_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n no_o vent_n for_o any_o commodity_n but_o of_o wool_n this_o necessity_n have_v force_v the_o kingdom_n to_o go_v on_o still_o with_o their_o foreign_a trade_n but_o that_o have_v be_v with_o such_o mighty_a loss_n by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o dutch_a privateer_n ply_v about_o the_o coast_n and_o the_o want_n of_o english_a frigate_n to_o secure_v they_o that_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o kingdom_n must_v be_v extreme_o diminish_v yet_o by_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o same_o expense_n and_o luxury_n in_o point_n of_o live_v money_n go_v over_o into_o england_n to_o fetch_v what_o must_v supply_v it_o though_o little_a commodity_n go_v either_o there_o or_o abroad_o to_o make_v any_o considerable_a balance_n by_o all_o which_o it_o must_v happen_v that_o with_o another_o year_n continuance_n of_o the_o war_n there_o will_v not_o be_v money_n leave_v in_o this_o kingdom_n to_o turn_v the_o common_a market_n or_o pay_v any_o rent_n or_o leave_v any_o circulation_n further_o than_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o custom_n and_o quitrent_n and_o the_o pay_v of_o the_o army_n which_o in_o both_o kind_n must_v be_v the_o last_o that_o fail_v in_o such_o a_o conjuncture_n the_o cry_v up_o of_o any_o species_n of_o money_n will_v but_o increase_v the_o want_n of_o it_o in_o general_a for_o while_o there_o go_v not_o out_o commodity_n to_o balance_v that_o which_o be_v bring_v in_o and_o no_o degree_n of_o gain_n by_o exportation_n will_v make_v amends_o for_o the_o venture_n what_o shall_v money_n come_v in_o for_o unless_o it_o be_v to_o carry_v out_o other_o money_n as_o it_o do_v before_o and_o leave_v the_o stock_n that_o remain_v equal_a indeed_o in_o denomination_n but_o low_a in_o the_o intrinsique_n value_n than_o it_o be_v before_o in_o short_a while_o this_o war_n last_v and_o our_o sea_n be_v ill_o guard_v all_o that_o can_v be_v do_v towards_o preserve_v the_o small_a remainder_n of_o money_n in_o this_o kingdom_n be_v first_o to_o introduce_v as_o far_o as_o can_v be_v a_o vein_n of_o parsimony_n throughout_o the_o country_n in_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o perfect_o the_o native_a growth_n and_o manufacture_n then_o by_o severity_n and_o steediness_n of_o the_o government_n as_o far_o as_o will_v be_v permit_v to_o keep_v up_o in_o some_o credit_n the_o present_a peace_n and_o settlement_n and_o last_o to_o force_v man_n to_o a_o degree_n of_o industry_n by_o suffer_v none_o to_o hope_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o live_v by_o rapine_n or_o fraud_n for_o in_o some_o disease_n of_o a_o civil_a as_o well_o as_o natural_a body_n all_o that_o can_v be_v do_v be_v to_o fast_o and_o to_o rest_v to_o watch_v and_o to_o prevent_v accident_n to_o trust_v to_o method_n rather_o than_o medicine_n or_o remedy_n and_o with_o patience_n to_o expect_v till_o the_o humour_n be_v spend_v and_o the_o crisis_n past_a way_n may_v be_v make_v for_o the_o natural_a return_n of_o health_n and_o of_o strength_n this_o be_v premise_v as_o peculiar_a either_o to_o the_o government_n in_o general_n or_o to_o the_o present_a conjuncture_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o such_o observation_n as_o occur_v concern_v the_o way_n of_o advance_v the_o common_a and_o stand_a trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o trade_n of_o a_o country_n arise_v from_o the_o native_a growth_n of_o the_o soil_n or_o sea_n the_o manufacture_n the_o commodiousness_n of_o port_n and_o the_o store_n of_o ship_n which_o belong_v to_o it_o the_o improvement_n therefore_o of_o trade_n in_o ireland_n must_v be_v consider_v in_o the_o survey_n of_o all_o these_o particular_n the_o defect_n to_o which_o at_o present_a they_o be_v subject_a and_o the_o increase_v they_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v either_o from_o the_o course_n of_o time_n the_o change_n of_o custom_n or_o the_o conduct_n and_o application_n of_o the_o government_n the_o native_a commodity_n or_o common_a easy_a manufacture_n which_o make_v up_o the_o exportation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n
his_o own_o private_a account_n who_o have_v a_o great_a stock_n that_o he_o be_v content_a to_o turn_v that_o way_n and_o be_v invite_v by_o the_o gain_n or_o else_o by_o the_o honour_n of_o bring_v to_o pass_v a_o work_n of_o so_o much_o public_a utility_n both_o to_o england_n and_o ireland_n which_o circumstance_n i_o suppose_v concur_v both_o in_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n design_n and_o when_o ever_o they_o meet_v again_o can_v have_v no_o better_a copy_n to_o follow_v in_o all_o particular_n than_o that_o begin_v at_o the_o naas_n in_o his_o time_n or_o else_o by_o a_o considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v lay_v aside_o either_o out_o of_o his_o majesty_n present_a revenue_n or_o some_o future_a subsidy_n to_o be_v grant_v for_o this_o occasion_n and_o this_o either_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o set_v up_o of_o some_o great_a linen_n manufacture_n in_o some_o certain_a place_n and_o to_o be_v manage_v by_o some_o certain_a hand_n both_o for_o make_v all_o sort_n of_o fine_a clothes_n and_o of_o those_o for_o sail_n too_o the_o benefit_n or_o loss_n of_o such_o a_o trade_n accure_v to_o the_o government_n until_o it_o come_v to_o take_v root_n in_o the_o nation_n or_o else_o if_o this_o seem_v too_o great_a a_o undertake_n for_o the_o humour_n of_o our_o age_n than_o such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o lie_v ready_a in_o hand_n appoint_v by_o the_o government_n for_o take_v off_o at_o common_a moderate_a price_n all_o such_o piece_n of_o cloth_n as_o shall_v be_v bring_v in_o by_o any_o person_n at_o certain_a time_n to_o the_o chief_a town_n of_o each_o county_n and_o all_o such_o piece_n of_o cloth_n as_o be_v fit_a for_o sail_n to_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o store_n of_o the_o navy_n all_o that_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o army_n to_o be_v give_v the_o soldier_n as_o clothes_n be_v in_o part_n of_o their_o pay_n and_o all_o fine_a piece_n to_o be_v sell_v and_o the_o money_n still_o apply_v to_o the_o increase_n or_o constant_a supply_n of_o the_o main_a stock_n the_o effect_n hereof_o will_v be_v that_o people_n find_v a_o certain_a market_n for_o this_o commodity_n and_o that_o of_o other_o so_o uncertain_a as_o it_o be_v in_o this_o kingdom_n will_v turn_v so_o much_o of_o their_o industry_n this_o way_n as_o will_v serve_v to_o furnish_v a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o money_n which_o be_v most_o absolute_o necessary_a for_o payment_n of_o tax_n rent_n or_o subsistence_n of_o family_n hide_v tallow_n butter_n beef_n arise_v all_o from_o one_o sort_n of_o cattle_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o general_a defect_n and_o capable_a of_o the_o same_o common_a improvement_n the_o three_o first_o be_v certain_a commodity_n and_o yield_v the_o ready_a money_n of_o any_o that_o be_v turn_v in_o this_o kingdom_n because_o they_o never_o fail_v of_o a_o price_n abroad_o beef_n be_v a_o drug_n find_v no_o constant_a vent_n abroad_o and_o therefore_o yield_v no_o rate_n at_o home_n for_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o kingdom_n hold_v no_o proportion_n with_o the_o product_n that_o be_v usual_o make_v of_o cattle_n in_o it_o so_o that_o in_o many_o part_n at_o this_o time_n a_o ox_n may_v be_v buy_v in_o the_o country-market_n and_o the_o hide_n and_o tallow_n sell_v at_o the_o next_o trading-town_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o cost_v the_o defect_n of_o these_o commodity_n lie_v either_o in_o the_o age_n and_o feed_n of_o the_o cattle_n that_o be_v kill_v or_o in_o the_o manufacture_n and_o make_v they_o up_o for_o exportation_n abroad_o until_o the_o transportation_n of_o cattle_n into_o england_n be_v forbid_v by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n the_o quick_a trade_n of_o ready_a money_n here_o be_v drive_v by_o the_o sale_n of_o young_a bullock_n which_o for_o four_o or_o five_o summer-month_n of_o the_o year_n be_v carry_v over_o in_o very_o great_a number_n and_o this_o make_v all_o the_o breeder_n in_o the_o kingdom_n turn_v their_o land_n and_o stock_n chief_o to_o that_o sort_n of_o cattle_n few_o cow_n be_v breed_v up_o for_o the_o dairy_n more_o than_o serve_v the_o consumption_n within_o and_o few_o ox_n for_o draught_n which_o be_v all_o perform_v by_o rascally_a small_a horse_n so_o as_o the_o cattle_n general_o sell_v either_o for_o slaughter_n within_o or_o exportation_n abroad_o be_v of_o two_o three_o or_o at_o best_o four_o year_n old_a and_o those_o such_o as_o have_v never_o be_v either_o handle_v or_o winter_v at_o hand-meat_n but_o breed_v whole_o upon_o the_o mountain_n in_o summer_n and_o upon_o the_o wither_a long_a grass_n of_o the_o low_a land_n in_o the_o winter_n the_o effect_n hereof_o be_v very_o pernicious_a to_o this_o kingdom_n in_o what_o concern_v all_o these_o commodity_n the_o hide_n be_v small_a thin_a and_o lank_a the_o tallow_n much_o less_o in_o quantity_n and_o of_o quick_a consumption_n little_a butter_n be_v export_v abroad_o and_o that_o discredit_v by_o the_o housewifery_n of_o the_o irish_a in_o make_v it_o up_o most_o of_o what_o be_v send_v come_v from_o their_o hand_n who_o alone_o keep_v up_o the_o trade_n of_o dairy_n because_o the_o breed_n of_o their_o cattle_n be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o english-market_n but_o above_o all_o the_o trade_n of_o beef_n for_o foreign_a exportation_n be_v prejudice_v and_o almost_o sink_v for_o the_o flesh_n be_v young_a and_o only_a grass-fed_n and_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a by_o the_o sweetness_n of_o the_o summer_n pasture_n after_o the_o cattle_n be_v almost_o starve_v in_o the_o winter_n be_v thin_a light_a and_o moist_a and_o not_o of_o a_o substance_n to_o endure_v the_o salt_n or_o be_v preserve_v by_o it_o for_o long_a voyage_n or_o a_o slow_a consumption_n beside_o either_o the_o unskilfulness_n or_o carlesness_n or_o knavery_n of_o the_o trader_n add_v much_o to_o the_o undervalue_n and_o discredit_v of_o these_o commodity_n abroad_o for_o the_o hide_n be_v often_o make_v up_o very_o dirty_a which_o increase_v the_o weight_n by_o which_o that_o commodity_n be_v sell_v when_o it_o come_v in_o quantity_n abroad_o the_o butter_n will_v be_v better_o on_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n of_o the_o barrel_n than_o in_o the_o middle_n which_o will_v be_v sometime_o fill_v up_o or_o mingle_v with_o tallow_n nay_o sometime_o with_o stone_n the_o beef_n will_v be_v so_o ill_o choose_v or_o so_o ill_o cure_v as_o to_o stink_v many_o time_n before_o it_o come_v so_o far_o as_o holland_n or_o at_o least_o not_o prove_v a_o commodity_n that_o will_v defray_v the_o first_o charge_n of_o the_o merchant_n before_o it_o be_v ship_v nay_o i_o have_v know_v merchant_n there_o fain_o to_o throw_v away_o great_a quantity_n after_o have_v lie_v long_o in_o their_o hand_n without_o any_o market_n at_o all_o after_o the_o act_n in_o england_n have_v whole_o stop_v the_o transportation_n of_o cattle_n the_o trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v force_v to_o find_v out_o a_o new_a channel_n a_o great_a deal_n of_o land_n be_v turn_v to_o sheep_n because_o wool_n give_v ready_a money_n for_o the_o english_a market_n and_o by_o stealth_n for_o those_o abroad_o the_o breeder_n of_o english_a cattle_n turn_v much_o to_o dairy_n or_o else_o by_o keep_v their_o cattle_n to_o six_o and_o seven_o year_n old_a and_o winter_v they_o dry_a make_v they_o fit_a for_o the_o beef-trade_n abroad_o and_o some_o of_o the_o merchant_n fall_v into_o care_n and_o exactness_n in_o barrel_v they_o up_o and_o hereby_o the_o improvement_n of_o this_o trade_n be_v grow_v so_o sensible_a in_o the_o course_n of_o a_o few_o year_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1669_o some_o merchant_n in_o holland_n assure_v i_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v parcel_n of_o beef_n out_o of_o ireland_n which_o sell_v current_n and_o very_o near_o the_o english_a and_o of_o butter_n which_o sell_v beyond_o it_o and_o that_o they_o have_v observe_v it_o spend_v as_o if_o it_o come_v from_o the_o rich_a soil_n of_o the_o two_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o if_o the_o dutch_a war_n have_v not_o break_v out_o so_o soon_o after_o the_o improvement_n of_o all_o these_o trade_n force_v at_o first_o by_o necessity_n and_o grow_v afterward_o habitual_a by_o use_n will_v in_o a_o few_o year_n have_v very_o much_o advance_v the_o trade_n and_o riches_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o make_v it_o a_o great_a gainer_n instead_o of_o lose_v by_o the_o act_n against_o transportation_n of_o their_o cattle_n but_o the_o war_n give_v a_o sudden_a damp_n to_o this_o and_o all_o other_o trade_n which_o be_v sink_v to_o nothing_o by_o the_o continuance_n of_o it_o however_o have_v mark_v the_o defect_n that_o be_v even_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n it_o may_v not_o be_v useless_a to_o set_v down_o the_o remedy_n though_o little_a practicable_a while_o the_o war_n last_v
to_o buy_v too_o and_o all_o the_o foreign_a merchandise_n which_o they_o have_v before_o from_o bristol_n chester_n and_o london_n they_o will_v have_v in_o time_n from_o rouen_n amsterdam_n lisbon_n and_o the_o straits_n as_o for_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o rent_n in_o england_n which_o make_v the_o occasion_n of_o that_o act_n they_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o want_n of_o people_n in_o the_o mighty_a consumption_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n among_o the_o better_a sort_n and_o in_o a_o high_a way_n of_o live_v among_o all_o and_o not_o in_o this_o transportation_n of_o irish_a cattle_n which_o will_v have_v be_v complain_v of_o in_o former_a time_n if_o it_o have_v be_v find_v a_o prejudice_n to_o england_n beside_o the_o rent_n have_v be_v far_o from_o increase_a since_o and_o though_o that_o may_v be_v by_o other_o accident_n yet_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v ireland_n it_o come_v all_o to_o one_o unless_o wool_n be_v forbid_v as_o well_o as_o cattle_n for_o the_o less_o cattle_n come_v over_o from_o thence_o there_o come_v the_o more_o wool_n which_o go_v as_o far_o as_o other_o towards_o beat_v down_o the_o price_n of_o pasture-land_n in_o england_n and_o yet_o the_o transportation_n of_o wool_n can_v be_v forbid_v since_o that_o will_v force_v the_o irish_a wool_n either_o by_o stealth_n into_o foreign_a market_n or_o else_o in_o cloth_n by_o the_o advance_v of_o that_o manufacture_n either_o of_o which_o will_v bring_v a_o sudden_a decay_n upon_o the_o principal_a branch_n of_o the_o english_a trade_n horse_n in_o ireland_n be_v a_o drug_n but_o may_v be_v improve_v to_o a_o commodity_n not_o only_o of_o great_a use_n at_o home_n but_o also_o fit_a for_o exportation_n into_o other_o country_n the_o soil_n be_v of_o a_o sweet_a and_o plentiful_a grass_n which_o will_v raise_v a_o large_a breed_n and_o the_o hill_n especial_o near_o the_o seacoast_n be_v hard_a and_o rough_a and_o so_o fit_a to_o give_v they_o shape_n and_o breath_n and_o sound_a foot_n the_o present_a defect_n in_o they_o be_v breed_v without_o choice_n of_o stallion_n either_o in_o shape_n or_o size_n and_o trust_v so_o far_o to_o the_o gentleness_n of_o the_o climate_n as_o to_o winter_v they_o abroad_o without_o ever_o handle_v colt_n till_o they_o be_v four_o year_n old_a this_o both_o check_n the_o growth_n of_o the_o common_a breed_v and_o give_v they_o a_o incurable_a shyness_n which_o be_v the_o general_a vice_n of_o irish_a horse_n and_o be_v hardly_o ever_o see_v in_o flanders_n because_o the_o hardness_n of_o the_o winter_n in_o those_o part_n force_v the_o breeder_n there_o to_o house_n and_o handle_v their_o colt_n for_o at_o least_o six_o month_n every_o year_n in_o the_o studd_n of_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o ireland_n where_o care_n be_v take_v and_o cost_n be_v not_o spare_v we_o see_v horse_n breed_v of_o excellent_a shape_n and_o vigour_n and_o size_n so_o as_o to_o reach_v great_a price_n at_o home_n and_o encourage_v stranger_n to_o find_v the_o market_n here_o among_o who_o i_o meet_v with_o one_o this_o summer_n that_o come_v over_o on_o that_o errand_n and_o buy_v about_o twenty_o horse_n to_o carry_v over_o into_o the_o french_a army_n from_o twenty_o to_o threescore_o pound_n price_n at_o the_o first_o hand_n the_o improvement_n of_o horse_n here_o may_v be_v make_v by_o a_o standard_n prescribe_v to_o all_o stallion_n and_o all_o horse_n that_o shall_v be_v use_v for_o draught_n the_o main_a point_n be_v to_o make_v the_o common_a breed_n large_a for_o than_o whether_o they_o have_v shape_n or_o no_o they_o have_v ever_o some_o reasonable_a price_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o and_o beside_o be_v not_o to_o be_v raise_v without_o winter_v they_o will_v help_v to_o force_v man_n into_o improvement_n of_o land_n by_o a_o necessity_n of_o fodder_n but_o for_o encouragement_n of_o fine_a breed_n and_o in_o the_o better_a hand_n some_o other_o institution_n may_v be_v invent_v by_o which_o emulation_n may_v be_v raise_v among_o the_o breeder_n by_o a_o prospect_n both_o of_o particular_a honour_n and_o profit_n to_o those_o who_o succeed_v best_a and_o of_o good_a ordinary_a gain_n and_o ready_a vent_n to_o such_o as_o by_o aim_v at_o the_o best_a though_o they_o fail_v yet_o go_v beyond_o the_o common_a sort_n to_o this_o purpose_n there_o may_v be_v set_v up_o both_o a_o horse-fair_a and_o race_n to_o be_v hold_v at_o a_o certain_a time_n every_o year_n for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o week_n the_o first_o in_o the_o fair_a green_a near_o the_o city_n of_o dublin_n the_o latter_a in_o that_o place_n design_v by_o your_o lordship_n in_o the_o park_n for_o some_o such_o purpose_n during_o this_o week_n the_o monday_n wednesday_n and_o friday_n may_v be_v the_o race_n the_o tuesday_n thursday_n and_o saturday_n the_o fair_n may_v be_v hold_v at_o each_o race_n may_v be_v two_o plate_n give_v by_o the_o king_n one_o of_o thirty_o pound_n and_o the_o other_o of_o twenty_o beside_o the_o fashion_n as_o the_o prize_n for_o the_o first_o and_o second_o horse_n the_o first_o engrave_v with_o a_o horse_n crown_v with_o a_o crown_n the_o second_o with_o a_o coronet_n and_o under_o it_o the_o day_n of_o the_o month_n and_o the_o year_n beside_o these_o plate_n the_o wager_n may_v be_v as_o the_o person_n please_v among_o themselves_o but_o the_o horse_n must_v be_v evidence_v by_o good_a testimony_n to_o have_v be_v breed_v in_o ireland_n for_o honour_v the_o lord_n lieutenant_n may_v ever_o be_v present_a himself_o or_o at_o least_o name_n a_o deputy_n in_o his_o room_n and_o two_o judge_n of_o the_o field_n who_o shall_v decide_v all_o controversy_n and_o with_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n declare_v the_o two_o victor_n the_o master_n of_o these_o two_o horse_n may_v be_v admit_v to_o ride_v from_o the_o field_n to_o the_o castle_n with_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n or_o his_o deputy_n and_o to_o dine_v with_o he_o that_o day_n and_o there_o receive_v all_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o table_n this_o to_o be_v do_v what_o quality_n soever_o the_o person_n be_v of_o for_o the_o low_a that_o be_v the_o more_o will_v be_v the_o honour_n and_o perhaps_o the_o more_o the_o sport_n and_o the_o encouragement_n of_o breed_a will_n by_o that_o mean_n extend_v to_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n for_o the_o fair_n the_o lord_n lieutenant_n may_v likewise_o be_v present_a every_o day_n in_o the_o height_n of_o they_o by_o himself_o or_o deputy_n and_o may_v with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o two_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n then_o present_a choose_v out_o one_o of_o the_o best_a horse_n and_o two_o of_o the_o best_a gelding_n that_o appear_v in_o the_o fair_a not_o under_o four_o nor_o above_o seven_o year_n old_a for_o which_o shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o owner_n of_o they_o after_o sufficient_a testimony_n of_o their_o be_v breed_v in_o ireland_n one_o hundred_o pound_n for_o the_o horse_n and_o fifty_o pound_n a_o piece_n for_o the_o gelding_n these_o sum_n as_o that_o for_o the_o plate_n to_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o revenue_n of_o ireland_n and_o without_o trouble_n or_o fee_n and_o the_o three_o horse_n to_o be_v send_v over_o every_o year_n to_o the_o king_n stable_n both_o those_o that_o win_v the_o plate_n and_o those_o which_o be_v thus_o fold_v aught_o immediate_o to_o be_v mark_v so_o as_o they_o may_v never_o return_v a_o second_o time_n either_o to_o the_o race_n or_o to_o the_o sale_n the_o benefit_n by_o such_o a_o institution_n as_o this_o will_v be_v very_o great_a and_o various_a for_o beside_o the_o encouragement_n to_o breed_v the_o best_a horse_n from_o the_o honour_n and_o gain_v already_o mention_v there_o will_v be_v a_o sort_n of_o public_a entertainment_n for_o one_o whole_a week_n during_o which_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o great_a officer_n both_o civil_a and_o military_a aught_o to_o keep_v open_a table_n for_o all_o stranger_n this_o will_v draw_v a_o confluence_n of_o people_n from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o country_n many_o perhaps_o from_o the_o near_a part_n of_o england_n may_v come_v not_o only_o as_o to_o a_o public_a kind_n of_o solemnity_n but_o as_o to_o a_o great_a mart_n of_o the_o best_a horse_n this_o will_v enrich_v the_o city_n by_o the_o expense_n of_o such_o a_o concourse_n and_o the_o country_n by_o the_o sale_n of_o many_o horse_n into_o england_n and_o in_o time_n or_o from_o thence_o into_o foreign_a part_n this_o will_v make_v general_a acquaintance_n among_o the_o gentry_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o bring_v the_o lord_n lieutenant_n to_o be_v more_o personal_o know_v and_o more_o honour_a by_o his_o appear_v in_o more_o greatness_n and_o with_o more_o solemnity_n than_o usual_a upon_o these_o occasion_n and_o all_o
dublin_n july_n 22_o d_o 1673_o a_o essay_n upon_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n in_o ireland_n my_o lord_n i_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v that_o fall_v into_o discourse_n other_o day_n and_o give_v your_o excellency_n the_o occasion_n of_o desire_v i_o to_o digest_v into_o some_o method_n and_o upon_o paper_n the_o mean_n and_o way_n i_o esteem_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o advance_n of_o trade_n in_o ireland_n this_o i_o know_v very_o well_o that_o you_o do_v it_o in_o a_o manner_n and_o with_o expression_n too_o oblige_v to_o be_v refuse_v and_o out_o of_o a_o design_n so_o public_a and_o generous_a as_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v discourage_v i_o have_v therefore_o much_o rather_o obey_v your_o lordship_n in_o this_o point_n how_o ill_o soever_o i_o do_v it_o than_o excuse_v myself_o though_o never_o so_o well_o which_o be_v much_o easy_a than_o the_o other_o for_o i_o may_v allege_v that_o neither_o my_o birth_n nor_o my_o breed_n have_v be_v at_o all_o in_o this_o country_n that_o i_o have_v pass_v only_o one_o short_a period_n of_o my_o life_n here_o and_o the_o great_a part_n thereof_o whole_o out_o of_o business_n and_o public_a thought_n that_o i_o have_v since_o be_v ten_o year_n absent_a from_o it_o and_o be_o now_o here_o upon_o no_o other_o occasion_n than_o of_o a_o short_a visit_n to_o some_o of_o my_o friend_n which_o be_v all_o circumstance_n that_o make_v i_o a_o very_a improper_a subject_n for_o such_o a_o command_n but_o i_o suppose_v the_o vein_n i_o have_v have_v of_o run_v into_o speculation_n of_o this_o kind_n upon_o a_o great_a scene_n of_o trade_n and_o in_o a_o country_n where_o i_o be_v more_o a_o stranger_n and_o the_o too_o partial_a favour_n your_o lordship_n have_v express_v to_o another_o discourse_n of_o this_o nature_n have_v cost_v i_o this_o present_a service_n and_o you_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o punish_v i_o for_o one_o folly_n by_o engage_v i_o to_o commit_v another_o like_o the_o confessor_n that_o prescribe_v a_o drunkard_n the_o penance_n of_o be_v drink_v again_o however_o it_o be_v your_o lordship_n shall_v be_v obey_v and_o therein_o i_o hope_v to_o be_v enough_o excuse_v which_o be_v all_o i_o pretend_v to_o upon_o this_o occasion_n before_o i_o enter_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v more_o general_a and_o may_v be_v more_o last_a in_o this_o kingdom_n i_o will_v observe_v to_o your_o lordship_n some_o particular_a circumstance_n in_o the_o constitution_n and_o government_n which_o have_v be_v hitherto_o and_o may_v be_v long_o the_o great_a discourager_n of_o trade_n and_o riches_n here_o and_o some_o other_o in_o the_o present_a conjuncture_n which_o be_v absolute_o mortal_a to_o it_o that_o so_o you_o may_v not_o expect_v to_o find_v remedy_n where_o indeed_o there_o be_v none_o nor_o suffer_v man_n like_o busy_a ignorant_a physician_n to_o apply_v such_o as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o disease_n because_o they_o can_v find_v such_o as_o be_v proper_a for_o it_o the_o true_a and_o natural_a ground_n of_o trade_n and_o riches_n be_v number_n of_o people_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o compass_n of_o ground_n they_o inhabit_v this_o make_v all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o life_n dear_a and_o that_o force_n man_n to_o industry_n and_o parsimony_n these_o custom_n which_o grow_v first_o from_o necessity_n come_v with_o time_n to_o be_v habitual_a in_o a_o country_n and_o wherever_o they_o be_v so_o that_o place_n must_v grow_v great_a in_o traffic_n and_o riches_n if_o not_o disturb_v by_o some_o accident_n or_o revolution_n as_o of_o war_n of_o plague_n or_o famine_n by_o which_o the_o people_n come_v to_o be_v either_o scatter_a or_o destroy_v people_z be_v multiply_v in_o a_o country_n by_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o climate_n favourable_a to_o generation_n to_o health_n and_o long_a life_n or_o else_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o safety_n and_o ease_n under_o the_o government_n the_o credit_n whereof_o invite_v man_n over_o to_o it_o when_o they_o can_v be_v either_o safe_a or_o easy_a at_o home_n when_o thing_n be_v once_o in_o motion_n trade_n beget_v trade_n as_o fire_n do_v fire_n and_o people_n go_v much_o where_o much_o people_n be_v already_o go_v so_o man_n run_v still_o to_o a_o crowd_n where_o they_o see_v it_o in_o the_o street_n or_o the_o field_n though_o it_o be_v only_o to_o do_v as_o other_o do_v to_o see_v or_o to_o be_v entertain_v the_o want_n of_o trade_n in_o ireland_n proceed_v from_o the_o want_n of_o people_n and_o this_o be_v not_o grow_v from_o any_o ill_a quality_n of_o the_o climate_n or_o air_n but_o chief_o from_o the_o frequent_a revolution_n of_o so_o many_o war_n and_o rebellion_n so_o great_a slaughter_v and_o calamity_n of_o mankind_n as_o have_v at_o several_a interval_n of_o time_n succeed_v the_o first_o conquest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n until_o the_o year_n 1653_o two_o very_a great_a plague_n follow_v the_o two_o great_a war_n those_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o the_o last_o which_o help_v to_o drain_v the_o current_a stream_n of_o generation_n in_o the_o country_n the_o discredit_n which_o be_v grow_v upon_o the_o constitution_n or_o settlement_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o so_o frequent_a and_o unhappy_a revolution_n that_o for_o many_o age_n have_v infest_a it_o have_v be_v the_o great_a discouragement_n to_o other_o nation_n to_o transplant_v themselves_o hither_o and_o prevail_v further_a than_o all_o the_o invitation_n which_o the_o cheapness_n and_o plenty_n of_o the_o country_n have_v make_v they_o so_o that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o number_n of_o the_o british_a which_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o late_a war_n at_o first_o draw_v over_o and_o of_o such_o who_o either_o as_o adventurer_n or_o soldier_n seat_v themselves_o here_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o satisfaction_n make_v to_o they_o in_o land_n the_o country_n have_v by_o the_o last_o war_n and_o plague_n be_v leave_v in_o a_o manner_n desolate_a beside_o the_o subordinacy_n of_o the_o government_n change_v hand_n so_o often_o make_v a_o unsteddiness_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o public_a interest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n give_v way_n to_o the_o emulation_n of_o the_o different_a faction_n and_o draw_v the_o favour_n or_o countenance_n of_o the_o government_n sometime_o to_o one_o party_n or_o interest_n sometime_o to_o another_o this_o make_v different_a motion_n in_o man_n mind_n raise_v hope_n and_o fear_n and_o opinion_n of_o uncertainty_n in_o their_o possession_n and_o thereby_o in_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n this_o subordinacy_n in_o the_o government_n and_o emulation_n of_o party_n with_o the_o want_n sometime_o of_o authority_n in_o the_o governor_n by_o the_o weakness_n of_o his_o credit_n and_o support_v at_o court_n occasion_n the_o perpetual_a agency_n or_o journey_n into_o england_n of_o all_o person_n that_o have_v any_o considerable_a pretence_n in_o ireland_n and_o money_n to_o pursue_v they_o which_o end_n many_o time_n in_o long_a abode_n and_o frequent_a habituate_n of_o family_n there_o though_o they_o have_v no_o money_n to_o support_v they_o but_o what_o be_v draw_v out_o of_o ireland_n beside_o the_o young_a gentleman_n go_v of_o course_n for_o their_o breed_n there_o some_o seek_v their_o health_n and_o other_o their_o entertainment_n in_o a_o better_a climate_n or_o scene_n by_o these_o mean_v the_o country_n lose_v the_o expense_n of_o many_o of_o the_o rich_a person_n or_o family_n at_o home_n and_o mighty_a sum_n of_o money_n must_v needs_o go_v over_o from_o hence_o into_o england_n which_o the_o great_a stock_n of_o rich_a native_a commodity_n here_o can_v make_v the_o only_a amends_o for_o these_o circumstance_n so_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n and_o riches_n in_o a_o country_n seem_v natural_a or_o at_o least_o have_v ever_o be_v incident_a to_o the_o government_n here_o and_o without_o they_o the_o native_a fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o sea_n in_o so_o many_o rich_a commodity_n improve_v by_o multitude_n of_o people_n and_o industry_n with_o the_o advantage_n of_o so_o many_o excellent_a havens_n and_o a_o situation_n so_o commodious_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o foreign_a trade_n must_v needs_o have_v render_v this_o kingdom_n one_o of_o the_o rich_a in_o europe_n and_o make_v a_o mighty_a increase_n both_o of_o strength_n and_o revenue_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n whereas_o it_o have_v hitherto_o be_v rather_o esteem_v and_o find_v to_o be_v our_o weak_a side_n and_o to_o have_v cost_v we_o more_o blood_n and_o treasure_n than_o it_o be_v worth_a since_o my_o late_a arrival_n in_o ireland_n i_o have_v find_v a_o very_a unusual_a but_o i_o doubt_v very_o just_a complaint_n concern_v the_o scarcity_n of_o money_n which_o occasion_v many_o airy_a proposition_n for_o the_o remedy_n of_o it_o and_o
and_o consequent_o furnish_v both_o the_o stock_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n consume_v in_o the_o country_n and_o that_o likewise_o of_o current_a money_n by_o which_o all_o trade_n be_v turn_v be_v wool_n butter_n beef_n cattle_n fish_n iron_n and_o by_o the_o improvement_n of_o these_o either_o in_o the_o quantity_n the_o credit_n or_o the_o further_a manufacture_n the_o trade_n of_o ireland_n seem_v chief_o to_o be_v advance_v in_o this_o survey_n one_o thing_n must_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o as_o peculiar_a to_o this_o country_n which_o be_v that_o as_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o its_o government_n so_o in_o the_o very_a improvement_n of_o its_o trade_n and_o riches_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v not_o only_o in_o its_o own_o proper_a interest_n but_o likewise_o in_o its_o relation_n to_o england_n to_o which_o it_o be_v subordinate_a and_o upon_o who_o weal_n in_o the_o main_a that_o of_o this_o kingdom_n depend_v and_o therefore_o a_o regard_n must_v be_v have_v of_o those_o point_n wherein_o the_o trade_n of_o ireland_n come_v to_o interfere_v with_o any_o main_a branch_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n in_o which_o case_n the_o encouragement_n of_o such_o trade_n ought_v to_o be_v either_o decline_v or_o moderate_v and_o so_o give_v way_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o trade_n in_o england_n upon_o the_o health_n and_o vigour_n whereof_o the_o strength_n riches_n and_o glory_n of_o his_o majesty_n crown_n seem_v chief_o to_o depend_v but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n some_o such_o branch_n of_o trade_n ought_v not_o whole_o to_o be_v suppress_v but_o rather_o so_o far_o admit_v as_o may_v serve_v the_o general_a consumption_n of_o this_o kingdom_n leave_v by_o too_o great_a a_o importation_n of_o commodity_n though_o out_o of_o england_n itself_o the_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n happen_v to_o be_v draw_v away_o in_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o not_o to_o leave_v a_o stock_n sufficient_a for_o turn_v the_o trade_n at_o home_n the_o effect_n hereof_o will_v be_v general_a discontent_n among_o the_o people_n complaint_n or_o at_o least_o ill_a impression_n of_o the_o government_n which_o in_o a_o country_n compose_v of_o three_o several_a nation_n different_a to_o a_o great_a degree_n in_o language_n custom_n and_o religion_n as_o well_o as_o interest_n both_o of_o property_n and_o dependence_n may_v prove_v not_o only_o dangerous_a to_o this_o kingdom_n but_o to_o england_n itself_o since_o a_o sore_a in_o the_o leg_n may_v affect_v the_o whole_a body_n and_o in_o time_n grow_v as_o difficult_a a_o cure_n as_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o head_n especial_o where_o humour_n abound_v the_o wool_n of_o ireland_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o increase_n nor_o to_o suffer_v under_o any_o defect_n the_o country_n be_v general_o full_o stock_v with_o sheep_n clear_v of_o wolf_n the_o soil_n little_a subject_n to_o other_o rot_v than_o of_o hunger_n and_o all_o the_o considerable_a flock_n be_v of_o english_a breed_n and_o the_o staple_n of_o wool_n general_o equal_a with_o that_o of_o northampton_n or_o leicestershire_n the_o improvement_n of_o this_o commodity_n by_o manufacture_n in_o this_o kingdom_n will_v give_v so_o great_a a_o damp_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n of_o which_o clothes_n stuff_n and_o stocking_n make_v so_o mighty_a a_o part_n that_o it_o seem_v not_o fit_a to_o be_v encourage_v here_o at_o lest_o no_o further_o than_o to_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o one_o or_o two_o summer-stuff_n irish-freeze_a and_o cloth_n from_o six_o shilling_n to_o fourteen_o as_o may_v supply_v in_o some_o measure_n the_o ordinary_a consumption_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o which_o seem_v most_o necessary_a in_o this_o branch_n be_v the_o careful_a and_o severe_a execution_n of_o the_o statute_n provide_v to_o forbid_v the_o exportation_n of_o wool_n to_o any_o other_o part_n but_o to_o england_n which_o be_v the_o more_o to_o be_v watch_v and_o fear_v since_o thereby_o the_o present_a riches_n of_o this_o kingdom_n will_v be_v mighty_o increase_v and_o great_a advantage_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o connivance_n of_o governor_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n this_o will_v prove_v a_o most_o sensible_a decay_n if_o not_o destruction_n of_o manufacture_n both_o here_o and_o in_o england_n itself_o yarn_n be_v a_o commodity_n very_o proper_a to_o this_o country_n but_o make_v in_o no_o great_a quantity_n in_o any_o part_n beside_o the_o north_n nor_o any_o where_o into_o linen_n to_o any_o great_a degree_n or_o of_o sort_n fit_a for_o the_o better_a use_n at_o home_n or_o exportation_n abroad_o though_o of_o all_o other_o this_o aught_o most_o to_o be_v encourage_v and_o be_v therefore_o chief_o design_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n the_o soil_n produce_v flax_n kind_o and_o well_o and_o fine_a too_o answerable_a to_o the_o care_n use_v in_o choice_n of_o seed_n and_o exercise_v of_o husbandry_n and_o much_o land_n be_v fit_a for_o it_o here_o which_o be_v not_o so_o for_o corn._n the_o manufacture_n of_o it_o in_o gather_v or_o beat_v be_v of_o little_a toil_n or_o application_n and_o so_o the_o fit_a for_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n beside_o no_o woman_n be_v apt_a to_o spin_v it_o well_o than_o the_o irish_a who_o labour_v little_a in_o any_o kind_n with_o their_o hand_n have_v their_o finger_n more_o supple_a and_o soft_a than_o other_o woman_n of_o the_o poor_a condition_n among_o we_o and_o this_o may_v certain_o be_v advance_v and_o improve_v into_o a_o great_a manufacture_n of_o linen_n so_o as_o to_o beat_v down_o the_o trade_n both_o of_o france_n and_o holland_n and_o draw_v much_o of_o the_o money_n which_o go_v from_o england_n to_o those_o part_n upon_o this_o occasion_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n of_o ireland_n without_o cross_v any_o interest_n of_o trade_n in_o england_n for_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v say_v of_o flax_n and_o spin_v the_o soil_n and_o climate_n be_v proper_a for_o whiten_v both_o by_o the_o frequency_n of_o brook_n and_o also_o of_o wind_n in_o the_o country_n much_o care_n be_v spend_v upon_o this_o design_n in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n past_o the_o last_o session_n and_o something_o may_v have_v be_v advance_v by_o it_o but_o the_o too_o great_a rigour_n impose_v upon_o the_o sow_v of_o certain_a quantity_n of_o flax_n have_v cause_v and_o perhaps_o just_o a_o general_a neglect_n in_o the_o execution_n and_o common_a guilt_n have_v make_v the_o penalty_n impracticable_a so_o as_o the_o main_a effect_n have_v be_v spoil_v by_o too_o much_o diligence_n and_o the_o child_n kill_v with_o kindness_n for_o the_o money_n apply_v by_o that_o act_n to_o the_o encouragement_n of_o make_v fine_a linen_n and_o broad_a which_o i_o think_v be_v twenty_o pound_n every_o year_n in_o each_o county_n though_o the_o institution_n be_v good_a yet_o it_o have_v not_o reach_v the_o end_n by_o encourage_v any_o considerable_a application_n that_o way_n so_o that_o sometime_o one_o share_n of_o that_o money_n be_v pay_v to_o a_o single_a pretender_n at_o the_o size_n or_o session_n and_o sometime_o a_o share_n be_v save_v for_o want_n of_o any_o pretender_n at_o all_o this_o trade_n may_v be_v advance_v by_o some_o amendment_n to_o the_o last_o act_n in_o another_o session_n whereby_o the_o necessity_n of_o sow_a flax_n may_v be_v so_o limit_v as_o to_o be_v make_v easy_o practicable_a and_o so_o may_v be_v force_v by_o the_o severity_n of_o levy_v the_o penalty_n enact_v and_o for_o the_o money_n allot_v in_o the_o county_n no_o person_n ought_v to_o carry_v the_o first_o second_o or_o three_o prize_n without_o produce_v two_o piece_n of_o linen_n of_o each_o sort_n whereas_o one_o only_o now_o be_v necessary_a and_o severe_a defence_n may_v be_v make_v against_o weave_v any_o linen_n under_o a_o certain_a breadth_n such_o as_o may_v be_v of_o better_a use_n to_o the_o poor_a people_n and_o in_o the_o coarse_a linen_n than_o the_o narrow_a irish_a cloth_n and_o may_v bear_v some_o price_n abroad_o when_o ever_o more_o come_v to_o be_v make_v than_o be_v consume_v at_o home_n but_o after_o all_o these_o or_o such_o like_a provision_n there_o be_v but_o two_o thing_n which_o can_v make_v any_o extraordinary_a advance_v in_o this_o branch_n of_o trade_n and_o those_o be_v first_o a_o increase_n of_o people_n in_o the_o country_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o may_v make_v thing_n necessary_a to_o life_n dear_a and_o thereby_o force_v general_a industry_n from_o each_o member_n of_o a_o family_n woman_n as_o well_o as_o man_n and_o in_o as_o many_o sort_n as_o they_o can_v well_o turn_v to_o which_o among_o other_o may_n in_o time_n come_v to_o run_v the_o vein_n this_o way_n the_o second_o be_v a_o particular_a application_n in_o the_o government_n and_o this_o must_v be_v make_v either_o by_o some_o governor_n upon_o
for_o that_o great_a one_o of_o kill_a cattle_n young_a and_o only_a grass-fed_n i_o know_v none_o so_o effectual_a as_o introduce_v a_o general_a custom_n of_o use_v ox_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o draught_n which_o will_v be_v perhaps_o the_o great_a improvement_n that_o can_v be_v make_v in_o many_o kind_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o great_a slaughter_n will_v be_v make_v of_o fullgrown_a large_a and_o well-wintered_n cattle_n which_o will_v double_v the_o income_n make_v by_o hide_n tallow_n and_o beef_n and_o raise_v their_o credit_n in_o all_o foreign_a market_n every_o man_n will_v be_v force_v to_o provide_v winter-fodder_n for_o his_o teem_n whereas_o common_a garrans_a shift_n upon_o grass_n the_o year_n round_o and_o this_o will_v force_v man_n to_o the_o enclose_v of_o ground_n and_o improve_n bog_n into_o meadow_n the_o race_n of_o garrans_n will_v decrease_v and_o so_o make_v room_n for_o the_o country_n maintain_v the_o great_a number_n of_o cattle_n which_o make_v a_o foreign_a commodity_n though_o they_o die_v by_o accident_n or_o age_n whereas_o the_o other_o make_v none_o at_o all_o no_o great_a or_o useful_a thing_n be_v to_o be_v achieve_v without_o difficulty_n and_o therefore_o what_o may_v be_v raise_v against_o this_o proposal_n ought_v not_o to_o discourage_v the_o attempt_v it_o first_o the_o statute_n against_o that_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o plough_v by_o the_o tail_n aught_o to_o be_v renew_v and_o upon_o absolute_a forfeiture_n instead_o of_o penalty_n the_o constant_a and_o easy_a composition_n whereof_o have_v prove_v rather_o a_o allow_v than_o forbid_v it_o now_o if_o this_o be_v whole_o disuse_v the_o harness_n for_o horse_n be_v dear_a than_o for_o ox_n the_o irish_a will_v turn_v their_o draught_n to_o the_o last_o wherever_o they_o have_v hitherto_o use_v the_o plough_v by_o the_o tayl._n next_o a_o standard_n may_v be_v make_v under_o which_o no_o horse_n shall_v be_v use_v for_o draught_n this_o will_v not_o only_o enlarge_v the_o breed_n of_o horse_n but_o make_v way_n for_o the_o use_n of_o ox_n because_o they_o will_v be_v cheap_a keep_v than_o large_a good_a horse_n which_o can_v not_o be_v winter_v like_o garrans_n without_o house_n or_o fodder_n and_o last_o a_o tax_n may_v be_v lay_v upon_o every_o horse_n of_o draught_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o beside_o the_o main_a use_n here_o intend_v will_v increase_v the_o king_n revenue_n by_o one_o of_o the_o easy_a way_n that_o be_v any_o where_o in_o use_n for_o the_o miscarriage_n mention_v in_o the_o make_n up_o of_o those_o several_a commodity_n for_o foreign_a market_n they_o must_v likewise_o be_v remedy_v by_o severe_a law_n or_o else_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o commodity_n themselves_o will_v not_o serve_v to_o bring_v they_o in_o credit_n upon_o which_o all_o trade_n turn_v first_o the_o port_n out_o of_o which_o such_o commodity_n shall_v be_v ship_v may_v be_v restrain_v to_o a_o certain_a number_n such_o as_o lie_v most_o convenient_a for_o the_o vent_n of_o the_o inland_a province_n and_o such_o as_o either_o be_v already_o or_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v make_v regular_a corporation_n whatever_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o any_o other_o port_n shall_v be_v penal_a both_o to_o the_o merchant_n that_o deliver_v and_o to_o the_o master_n that_o receive_v they_o in_o the_o port_n allow_v shall_v be_v publish_v rule_n agree_v on_o by_o the_o skilful_a merchant_n in_o those_o ware_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o make_n up_o of_o all_o such_o as_o be_v intend_v for_o foreign_a transportation_n and_o declare_v that_o what_o be_v not_o find_v agreeable_a to_o those_o rule_n shall_v not_o be_v suffer_v to_o go_v out_o two_o officer_n may_v be_v appoint_v to_o be_v choose_v every_o three_o year_n by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o corporation_n who_o business_n shall_v be_v to_o inspect_v all_o barrel_n of_o beef_n tallow_n butter_n and_o all_o pack_n of_o hide_n and_o put_v to_o they_o the_o seal_n or_o mark_v of_o the_o corporation_n without_o which_o none_o shall_v be_v suffer_v to_o go_v abroad_o nor_o shall_v this_o mark_n be_v affix_v to_o any_o parcel_n by_o those_o officer_n but_o such_o as_o they_o have_v view_v and_o find_v agreeable_a to_o the_o rule_v set_v forth_o for_o that_o purpose_n whereof_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v certain_a that_o every_o barrel_n be_v of_o the_o same_o constant_a weight_n or_o something_o over_o if_o this_o be_v observe_v for_o a_o small_a course_n of_o time_n under_o any_o certain_a mark_n the_o credit_n of_o they_o both_o as_o to_o quality_n and_o weight_n will_v rise_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o the_o barrel_n or_o pack_n will_v go_v off_o in_o the_o market_n they_o use_v abroad_o upon_o sight_n of_o the_o mark_n like_o silver-plate_n upon_o sight_n of_o the_o city_n mark_v where_o it_o be_v make_v the_o great_a difficulty_n will_v lie_v in_o the_o good_a execution_n of_o the_o office_n but_o the_o interest_n of_o such_o corporation_n lie_v so_o deep_a in_o the_o credit_n of_o their_o mark_n will_v make_v emulation_n among_o they_o every_o one_o vie_v to_o raise_v their_o own_o as_o high_a as_o they_o can_v and_o this_o will_v make_v they_o careful_a in_o the_o choice_n of_o man_n fit_a for_o that_o turn_n beside_o the_o office_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v beneficial_a to_o a_o good_a degree_n by_o a_o certain_a fee_n upon_o every_o seal_n and_o yet_o the_o office_n to_o be_v forfeit_v upon_o every_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o officer_n which_o shall_v be_v judge_v so_o by_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n of_o the_o town_n and_o thereupon_o a_o new_a election_n be_v make_v by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o corporation_n cattle_n for_o exportation_n be_v sheep_n bullock_n horse_n and_o of_o one_o or_o other_o of_o these_o kind_n the_o country_n seem_v to_o be_v full_o stock_v no_o ground_n that_o i_o hear_v of_o be_v untenanted_a the_o two_o first_o seem_v sufficient_o improve_v in_o the_o kind_n as_o well_o as_o the_o number_n most_o of_o both_o be_v of_o the_o english_a breed_n and_o though_o it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o country_n if_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n be_v lessen_v make_v room_n for_o that_o of_o increase_a sheep_n and_o great_a cattle_n yet_o it_o seem_v indifferent_a which_o of_o these_o two_o be_v most_o turn_v to_o and_o that_o will_v be_v regulate_v by_o the_o liberty_n or_o restraint_n of_o carry_v live_a cattle_n into_o england_n when_o the_o passage_n be_v open_a land_n will_v be_v turn_v most_o to_o great_a cattle_n when_o shut_v to_o sheep_n as_o it_o be_v at_o present_a though_o i_o be_o not_o of_o opinion_n it_o can_v last_v because_o that_o act_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v carry_v on_o rather_o by_o the_o interest_n of_o particular_a county_n in_o england_n than_o by_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a which_o in_o my_o opinion_n must_v be_v evident_o a_o loser_n by_o it_o for_o first_o the_o freight_n of_o all_o cattle_n that_o be_v bring_v over_o be_v in_o english_a vessel_n be_v so_o much_o clear_a gain_n to_o england_n and_o this_o be_v one_o with_o another_o near_o a_o three_o or_o at_o least_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o price_n then_o their_o come_n over_o young_a and_o very_o cheap_a to_o the_o first_o market_n make_v they_o double_a their_o price_n by_o one_o year_n feed_v which_o be_v the_o great_a improvement_n to_o be_v make_v of_o our_o dry_a pasture-land_n in_o england_n the_o trade_n of_o hide_n and_o tallow_n or_o else_o of_o leather_n be_v mighty_o advance_v in_o england_n which_o will_v be_v beat_v down_o in_o foreign_a market_n by_o ireland_n if_o they_o come_v to_o kill_v all_o their_o cattle_n at_o home_n the_o young_a irish_a cattle_n serve_v for_o the_o common_a consumption_n in_o england_n while_o their_o own_o large_a old_a fat_a cattle_n go_v into_o the_o barrel_n for_o the_o foreign_a trade_n in_o which_o irish_a beef_n have_v in_o a_o manner_n no_o part_n though_o by_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o restraint_n it_o will_v be_v force_v upon_o improvement_n and_o come_v to_o share_v with_o england_n in_o the_o beef-trade_n abroad_o ground_n be_v turn_v much_o in_o england_n from_o breed_v either_o to_o feed_v or_o dairy_n and_o this_o advance_v the_o trade_n of_o english_a butter_n which_o will_v be_v extreme_o beat_v down_o when_o ireland_n turn_v to_o it_o too_o and_o in_o the_o way_n of_o english_a housewifry_n as_o it_o have_v do_v a_o great_a deal_n since_o the_o restraint_n upon_o cattle_n and_o last_o whereas_o ireland_n have_v before_o very_o little_a trade_n but_o with_o england_n and_o with_o the_o money_n for_o their_o cattle_n buy_v all_o the_o commodity_n there_o which_o they_o want_v by_o this_o restraint_n they_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v a_o foreign_a market_n and_o where_o they_o sell_v they_o will_v be_v sure_a