inferre accuse and declare what euidence he coulde agaynst the Lorde Iustice but none came Then passed a decree by the Counsaile commaunding all Bishops Abbots Priors the Maiors of Dublyn Corke Lymerike Waterford and Droghdagh the Shirifes Knightes and Seneshals of euerie shire to appeare at Dublin From amongst all these they appointed .vj. inquisitors which examining the bishops other persons aforesayd singularly one by one found that with an vniuersal cōsent they deposed for the Prior affyrming that to their iudgments he was a zealous and a faithfull childe of the Catholike Church In the meane time Arnold le Poer the prisoner deceased in the Castel and bycause he stoode vnpurged long hee lay vnburied In the yeare .1329 1329 The Earle of Louth slaine Iohn de Birmingham Erle of Louth and his brother Peter with many other of that surname and Richard Talbot of Malahide were slain on Whitson euen at Balibragan by men of the Countrey The Lorde Butler slaine Also the Lord Thomas Butler and diuerse other noble men were slaine by Mac Gogoghdan and other Irish mē neare to Molinger for the Irish aswell in Leynister as in Meth made insurrections in that season and so likewise did they in Moūster vnder the leading of Obren whom William Erle of Vlster and Iames Erle of Ormond vanquished So outragious were the Leynister Irish that in one Church they brunt foure score innocent soules asking no more but the life of their priest thē at Masse whō they notwithstāding sticked with their Iauelins spurned the host wasted al with fire neither forced they of y e Popes interdictiō nor any ecclesiasticall censures denoūced against thē matters of no smal cōsideratiō amōg thē namely in those days but maliciously perseuered in y e course of their furious rage till the citizens of Wexford somwhat tamed thē slue .400 of thē in one skirmish y e rest fleeing were all drenched in the water of Slane In the yeare .1330 1330 the Earle of Vlster with a great army made a iourney agaynst Obren The Prior of Kilmaynam Lord Iustice and the prior of Kilmaynā Lord iustice put Maurice Fitz Thomas Erle of Desmond in prison in the Marshalsee out of the which he freely escaped and the Lord Hugh Lacie returned into Ireland and obteyned the kings peace and fauour In the yeare .1331 1331 the Earle of Vlster passed ouer into Englande and great slaughter was made vpon the Irish in Okensly Also the castell of Arclo was taken by the Irish men and great slaughter made of the Englishe in the Cowlagh by Otothell and other Also the Lorde Anthonie Lucie was sent ouer Lorde Iustice into Irelande Anthony Lucy Lord Iustice and great slaughter was made of the Irish at Thurlis by the knightes of the Countrey and at Finnath in Meth there were manye of them slaine by the English but yet was the Castell of Fernis taken and burnt by the Irish On the feast day of the Assumption of our Ladie which falleth on the .xv. of August The Earle of Desmond apprehended Maurice Fitz Thomas Erle of Desmond was apprehended at Limerike by the Lorde Iustice and sent vnto the Castell of Dublyn Moreouer the Lord Iustice tooke sir William Birmingham at Clomell by a wile whilest hee was sicke in his bed and sent him togither with his sonne Walter Birmingham vnto the Castel of Dublyn the .xxx. of Aprill 1332 William Birmingham executed In the yeare .1332 the sayde sir William was hanged at Dublin but Walter was deliuered by reason he was within orders Campion Campion following suche notes as he hath seene writeth that the death of this William Birmingham chaunced in time of the gouernment of William Outlaw Prior of Kilmaynā being lieutenant vnto Iohn Lorde Darcie that was made Lorde Iustice as the sayd Campion hath noted in the yeare .1329 Although Marleburgh affyrmeth that hee came thither to beare that office in the yeare .1332 after the Lord Lucie was discharged as hereafter shall be recyted But whensoeuer or vnder whom soeuer Birmingham was executed hee was accounted an odde Knight and suche one as for his valiancie hys matche was not lyghtly to bee any where founde Also Henry de Mandeuile was taken and sent prisoner to be safely kept in Dublyn Likewise Walter Burgh with two of hys brethren were taken in Connagh by the Earle of Vlster and sent to the Castell of Norburgh This yeare the Lord Antonie Lucie was discharged of his rowmth by the king and so returned with his wife and children into Englande The Lorde Darcie iustice and the Lorde Iohn Darcie was sent ouer Lord Iustice in Lucies place and great slaughter was made vpon Bren Obren and Mac Carthi in Mounster by the English of that Countrey This Iohn Darcie as shoulde appeare by gyftes bestowed vpon him by the King was in singular fauour wyth him Amongest other things which hee had of the kings gyft we fynde that hee had the Manours of Louth and Baliogarie and other landes in Irelande which belonged to the Earle of Ew The Earle of Ew and for that the sayd Earle was a French man and tooke part wyth Philip de Valois the kings enimie they were seysed into the kings hande The Earle of Desmonde vpon sureties was set at libertie 1333 A Parliament and by the Parliament holden at Dublyn in this yeare .1333 was sent ouer into Englande vnto the King and William Earle of Vlster a yong Gentleman of twentie yeares of age in goyng towardes Knocfergus the .vij. of Iune The Earle of Vlster slaine was slaine neare to the fourdes in Vlster by his owne people but hys wyfe and daughter escaped into Englande and the daughter was after maryed vnto the Lorde Lionell the kings sonne She deceassed afterwards at Dublyn and left a daughter behind hir that was hir heyre maryed to Roger Mortimer Earle of March and Lorde of Trym This murther was procured by Robert Fitz Martine Mandeuile who was the first that presumed to giue to the Earle any wounde To reuenge the death of this Erle of Vlster slaine as ye haue heard beside Knocfergus the Lorde Iustice Darcie with a great power went into Vlster to pursue those that through Mandeuiles seditious tumultes had so trayterously murthered their Lord. At his setting forward Sir Thomas Burgh the saide Iustice Darcie appoynted sir Tho. Burgh Treasurer to gouerne as lieutenant to him in his absence When the Lorde Iustice had punished the trayters in Vlster The Lorde Iustice inuadeth Scotland hee passed ouer into Scotlande there to make warre agaynste the Scottes that were enimies at that present to the king of England and on the feast day of Saint Margaret greate slaughter was made of the Scots by the Irish men and so what by the king in one part and the Lorde Iustice of Irelande in another Scotland was in maner wholy conquered and Edwarde Ballioll was established king of Scotland The Lord
forth hys Ensigne whereof King Richarde beeing ware came thither wyth a companie of hardie Souldiers aboute hym and threwe downe the Dukes Ensigne so displacing him oute of that so pleasaunt and beautifull a lodging â—…g Houed For this cause and also surmising that king Richarde shoulde be guiltie of the death of the Marques Conrade the Duke of Austriche shewed suche discourtesie towardes him But concerning the murther of the Marques â—…ing Richard â—…eared of the â—…eath of the â—…arques of â—…ountferate the chiefe gouernour of those Sarasins called Assassini cleared King Rycharde by a Letter wrytten and directed vnto the Duke of Austriche in maner as followeth LVpoldo Duci Austriae Vetus de Monte saluteÌ„ Cùm plurimi Reges Principes vltra mare RicharduÌ„ Regem Angliae dominuÌ„ de morte Marchisi inculpent iuro per dominuÌ„ qui regnat in aeternum per legem quam tenemus quod in eius mortem nullam culpam habuit Est siquidem causa mortis ipsius Marchisi talis vnus ex fratribus nostris in vnam nauem de Satalei ad partes nostras veniebat tempestas illum fortè ad Tyrum appulit Marchisus fecit illum capere occidere magnam pecuniam eius rapuit Nos verò Marchiso nuncios nostros misimus mandantes vt pecuniam fratris nostri nobis redderet de morte fratru nostri nobiscum se concordaret noluit Nec non nuncios nostros spreuit mortem fratris nostri super Reginaldum dominuÌ„ de Sidonis posuit nos tantum fecimus per amicos nostros quòd in veritate scimus quòd ille fecit illum occidere pecuniam rapere Et iterum alium nuncium nostrum nomine Edrisum misimus adeum quem in Mare mergere voluit sed amici nostri illum à Tiro festinanter fecerunt recedere qui ad nos peruenit ista nobis nunciauit Nos quoque ex illa hora Marchisum desiderauimus occidere Tuncque duos fratres misimus ad Tirum qui eum aperte fere coram omni populo Tiri occiderunt Haec ergo fuit causa mortis Marchisi benè dicimus vobis in veritate quòd dominus Richardus rex Angliae in hac Marchisi morte nullaÌ„ culpam habuit Et qui propter hoc domino regi Angliae malum fecerunt iniustè feceterunt fine causa Sciatis pro certo quòd nullum homineÌ„ huius mundi pro mercede aliqua vel pecunia occidimus nisi prius nobis maluÌ„ fecerit Et sciatis quòd has literas fecimus in domo nostra ad CastelluÌ„ nostrum Messiat in dimidio Septembri anno ab Alexandro 1505. The same in English is thus VEtus de Monte to Lupolde Duke of Austriche sendeth greeting Where many kings and princes beyonde the Seas blame Richarde king of Englande of the Marques his death I sweare by the Lorde that reigneth euerlastingly and by the lawe whiche we holde that hee was not in fault for hys death For the verye cause of the Marques hys death was suche as followeth One of our brethren in a Shippe of Satalie came towardes oure partyes and chaunced by tempest to be driuen vnto Tyre and the Marques caused him to be taken and slaine and tooke a greate portion of money that hee hadde in the Shippe wyth hym Wherevppon we sent oure Messengers vnto the Marques commaunding hym to restore vnto vs the money of our brother and to compounde wyth vs for oure sayde brothers death and he woulde not Moreouer he also contemned our Messengers and layde the faulte of oure brothers death vppon Reginalde Lorde of Sidon and wee did so muche through our friendes that wee gotte full vnderstanding that the Marques himselfe caused him to bee slayne and tooke his money And therefore we sent vnto hym againe an other Messenger named Edrisus whome he woulde haue drowned in the Sea but oure friendes made suche shifte that they procured hym to departe wyth speede from Tyre who returned to vs and signifyed these thinges to vs for certayne And from that houre euer after wee hadde a defyre to slea the Marques and so then wee sent two of our brethren vnto Tyre who openly and in a manner in presence of all the people of Tyre slue hym This therefore was the verye cause of the death of the Marques and wee saye to you in good sooth that the Lorde Richarde King of Englande in thys death of the Marques was nothing culpable and they that haue done anye displeasure vnto the King of Englande for thys cause they haue done it wrongfully and wythout any iust occasion Know ye for certaine that wee doe not vse to kill anye man of this worlde for any brybe or for money excepte hee haue done to vs some harme afore tyme. And knowe ye that wee haue made these letters in our house at our Castell of Messiat in the middest of September in the yeare from Alexander the greate 1505. Shortly after came the brother of the Kyng of Nauarre The king of Nauerres brother with eight hundred Knyghtes or men of armes to the Seneshals ayde and so they two togither entring into the lands of the Earle of Tholouse tooke dyuers Castels and fortresses within the same of the whiche some they fortified and some they rased and rode euen to the gates of Tholouse and lodged in manner vnder the walles of the Citie A little before Christmas also diuers of those that had bin in the holy lande with King Rychard came home into England not knowyng but that King Richarde had bin at home before them and beeing asked where they thought hee was become they coulde saye no more but that they had seene the shippe wherein he first went aboorde arriued at â—…rendize in Puglia At length when the newes came how he was taken and stayed as prisoner the Archbishop of Rouen and other the rulers of the realm of Englande â—…e Abbots of â—…ley Roâ—…ts Bridge sent with all speede the Abbot of Boxeley and the Abbot of Roberts bridge into Almaine to speake with him and to vnderstand his state and what his pleasure was in all things They comming into Germanie passed through the Countrey into Baierlande where at a place called Oxefer they founde the King as then on hys iourney towardes the Emperour to whome as ye haue hearde the Duke of Austriche did sende him The sayd Abbots attended him to the Emperours Court and remayned there with him till the Emperor and he were accorded in maner as after shall be shewed and then after Easter they returned with the newes into Englande â—…r Doâ—… Vpon report whereof order is taken for many things but chiefely for the state in which dealings and forasmuch as those which had the rule of the land stoode in great doubt of things for the inconstant nature of Earle Iohn was of them much suspected first they caused a newe othe of allegiance to be
long before his death wherof eche of his childreÌ„ so sone as he was enterred toke seisure and possession Howbeit after two yeres it happened that Albanact was slayne wherevpon Locrinus and Camber raysed their powers reuenged his death and finally the sayde Loctinus made an entraunce vpoÌ„ Albania seyzed it into his owne handes as excheated wholly vnto himselfe without yéelding any part therof vnto his brother Camber who made no clayme nor title vnto any portion of the same Herby then sayth Adams it euidently appeareth that the entier seigniorie ouer Albania consisted in Locrinus according to which example lykeland among brethren euer since hath continued in preferring the eldest brother to the onely benefite of the collaterall assencion from the youngest asswell in Scotlande as in England vnto this daye Ebranke the lineall heire from the bodie of this Locrine that is to say the sonne of Mempris sonne of Madan sonne of the same Locrine buylded in Albania the castle of Maydens nowe called Edenbrough and the Castle of Alcluith or Alclude now called Dunbriton as the Scottish Hector Boethius confesseth wherby it most euidently appeareth that our Ebranke was then thereof seased This Ebranke reigned in the 〈…〉 ouer theÌ„ a long time after whose death Albania as annexed to the empire of the Britaine descended to the onely king of Britons vntill the discent to the two sisters sonnes Mâ—â—gan and Conedage lineall heires from the sayde Ebranke who brotherly vpoÌ„ the first example deuided y e realme MorgaÌ„ had Lhoegrâ—â— and Conedage haâ—… Albanâ—â— but shortly after Morgan the elder brother pondeâ—â—â—g in hys hed the loue to his brother with the loue to a kingdome excluded nature gaue place to ambition and therupoÌ„ denouncing warre death miserably ended hys life as the rewarde of his vntruth wherby Conedage obtayned the whole Empire of all Britaine in which state he remayned during his naturall lyfe From him the same lineally descended to the onelye king of Britons vntill after the reigne of Gorbodian who had issue two sons Ferres and Porres This Porres requyring lyke diuision of the lande affirming the forâ—…er particions to be rather of lawe then fauour was by the handes of his elder brother both of his lyfe and hoped kingdome bereued at once whereupon their vnnaturall mother vsing hir natural malice for the deth of hir one sonne without regard of the lossing of both miserably slew the other Cloten by all writers aswell Scottishe as other was the next inheritour to the whole Empire but lacking power the only meane in those dayes to obtayne right he was contented to deuide the same among thrée of his kinsmen so that Scater had Albania But after the death this Cloten his sonne Dunnallo Mulmutius made warâ—…e vpon these thrée Kinges and at last ouercame them and so recouered the whole dominion in token of which victorie he caused himselfe to be crowned with a crowne of gold the very first that was worne among the kinges of this nation This Dunuallo erected temples wherein the people shoulde assemble for Prayer to which temples he gaue benefite of Sanctuarie he made the 〈◊〉 for wager of battaile in cases of murder and â—â—lonte whereby a théefe that lyued and made his art of â—…ighting shoulde for his purgation fight wyth the true man which he had robbed but he beléeued that the Goddes for then they supposed many would by myracle assigne victorie to the innocent partie The priuileges of which first sawe benefite of the latter aswell in Scotlande as in Englande be midyed to this day few causes by late positiue lawes among vs excepted wherein the benefite of wager of battaâ—…le is expelled â—… by which obedience to hys lawes it doth manifestly appeare that thys Dunuallo was then seased of Albania nowe called Scotland This Dunuallo reigned in thys estate ouer them many yeares Beline Brenne the sonnes of this Dunuallo dyd after theyr fathers death fauourably deuide the land betwéene them so that Beline had Logres and Brenne had Albania but for that this Brenne a subiect without the consent of his elder brother and Lord aduentured to marry with the daughter of the king of Denmarke Beline seased Albania into his owne handes and thereuppon caused the notable wayes priuileged by Dunuallons Lawes to be newly wrought by mens handes which for the length was from the furder part of Cornewall vnto the the sea by North Cathnes in Scotland for religion in those daies he coÌ„stituted ministers called Archeflamines in their functions most like the aucthoritie of Bishoppes at this daye the one of which remained at Ebranke now called Yorke and whose power exteÌ„ded to y e vttermost bondes of Albany wherby lykewyse appeareth that it was then within his dominion After his death the whole Isle was enioyed by the onlye kings of Britaine vntill the tyme of Vigenius and Perydurus lineall heires from the sayde Belyne who fauourably made particion so that Vigenius had all the land from Humber south and Perydurus from thence North all Albania This Vigenius died and Perydurus suruiued and thereby obtayned the whole from whome the same quietly discended and was by his posteritie accordingly enioyed vnto the reigne of king Coell of that name the first In hys tyme an obscure nation by most writers supposed Scithians passed by seas from Irelande and arriued in that part of Britaine called Albania against whome this Coell assembled his power and being entred Albania to expell theÌ„ one Fergus in the night disguised entered the tent of this Coell and in his bed traiterously slew him This Fergus was therefore in reward of such vertue made there King whereupon they sat downe in that part with their wiues and children and called it Scotlande and themselues Scottes from the beginning of the worlde After the Scottishe accompt foure thousande and sixe hundred and seuentéene yeares which by iust computacion and confession of all their owne wryters is sixe hundred yeares lacking tenne after that Brutus had reigned ouer y e whole Island the same land being enioyed by him and his posteritie before their comming during two and fiftie discentes of the kinges of Britaine Certes this intrusion into a land so many hundred yeares before inhabited and by so many disceÌ„ts of kings quietly enioyed is the best tytle that all their owne writers alledge for them This Fergus hereupoÌ„ immediately did deuyde Albania also amoÌ„g his Capitaines and their people whereby it most euidently appeareth that there were no people of that nation inhabiting there before in proofe wherof the same particion shall followe The landes of Cathnes lying against Orknay 〈…〉 betwéene Dummesbey and the Water of Thane was giuen vnto one Cornath a capitaine and his people The landes betwéene the Water of Thane and Nes nowe called Rosse lying in bredth from Cromart to the mouth of the water of Lochte were giuen to Lutorke another Capitaine and his people The landes betwéene Spay and Nes from the Almaine seas to the Ireland
daine inuasion should be made and attempted by his enimie he might be able to resist them About the same time also and vpon the .xxiiij. of Aprill whilest Harold was making prouision to withstande the Norman force there appeared a blasing Starre R. Houed Sam. Dun. which was seene not onely here in Englande but also in other partes of the worlde which continued the space of .vij. dayes In this meane while Tostie the brother of king Harolde who in the dayes of king Edward for his crueltie had beene chased out of the realme by the Northumbers Tostie seeketh to disquiet his brother Mat. VVest hath but .xl. returning out of Flanders assembled a Nauie of shippes from diuerse partes to the number of .lx. with the which he arriued in the I le of Wight and there spoiled the Country afterward sayling about by the coasts of Kent he tooke sundrie prayes there also Polidor Ran. Higd. Simon Dun. and came at the last to Sandwich So that Harolde was nowe constrayned to appoynt the Nauie whiche hee had prepared agaynst the Normans to goe agaynst his brother Earle Tostie whereof the said Tostie being aduertised drewe towardes Lyndsey in Linconlshire and there taking lande did muche hurt in the Countrey both with sworde and fire VVil. Mal. till at length Edwyne Earle of Mercia and Morkarus Earle of Northumberlande ayded with the Kings nauie Tostie repulâ—…ed Polidor Ran. Higd. chased him from thence and caused him to flee into Scotlande not withoute some losse both of his menne and shippes This trouble was vneth quited when streight wayes another came in the necke thereof farre more daungerous than the first For Tostie perceyuing that he coulde get no ayde in Scotlande to make any account of he sayled forth into Norway Harold Harâ—…ager king of Norway and there perswaded Harold Harfager king of that Realme to sayle with an armie into England perswading him that by meanes of a ciuill dissention lately kindled betwixt the king and his Lords which was not so it should be an easie matter for him to make a conquest of the whole Realme and raigne ouer them as his predecessors had done before Some Authours affyrme how Harolde king of Norway tooke this enterprise in hande of hys owne minde and not by procurement of Tostie saying that Tostie meeting with him in Scotland Maâ—… VVest 〈…〉 did perswade him to go forward in his purposed businesse and that the sayde Harolde Harfager with all conuenient speede passed forth 500. 〈◊〉 Simon Dun. and with a Nauie of three hundred sayle entred into the riuer of Tine where after he had rested a few dayes to refresh his people Erle Tostie came also with his power according to an appointmet which should be made betwene them The Noâ—â—egians arriue in Humber They adde furthermore that they sayled forth alongest the coast till they arriued in the mouth of Humber and then drawing vp agaynst the streame of the riuer Owse they landed at length at a place called Richehall Richehall H. Hunt froÌ„ whence they set forward to inuade the Countrey and neare vnto Yorke on the Northside of the Citie they fought with the power of the Northumbers The English men discomfited which was led by the Earles Edwyn and Marchar two brethren and there discomfited and chased them into the Citie with great slaughter and bloudshed Harolde King of Englande beeing aduertised of this chaunce This battaile was fought on the euen of S. Mathew the Apostleâ—… hath Simon Dun. hee made the more haste forwardes for he was alreadie in the fielde with his armie intending also to come towardes hys enimies so that vpon the fifth day after he came to Stanforde Bridge finding there the sayde King Harfager and Tostie readie embattayled hee fyrste assayled those that kept the Bridge where as some Wryters affyrme a Norwegian Souldier with his Axe defended the passage VVil. Mat. Hen Hunt Mat. VVest maugre the whole host of the English men and slue fortie of them or more with hys Axe and might not bee ouercome till an Englishe man went with a Boate vnder the Bridge and through an hole thereof thrust him vppe into the bodie with his Speare although Mat. Westm noteth that hee was slaine with a Dart whiche one of King Harolde his seruauntes threwe at him and so ended his life Which Bridge being wonne the whole hoste of the English men passed ouer and ioyned with theyr enimies The Norwegians discomfited and after a right great and sore battayle put them all to flight Some write that the K. of England permitted them frankly to depart with .xx. Simon Dun. shippes hauing first caused them to deliuer suche Hostages as they had receyued of the Citizens of Yorke But howe so euer it was Harolde reioysing in that he had atteyned so glorious a victorie and being nowe surprysed with pryde and couetousnesse togyther he deuided the spoyle of the fielde nothing equally Mat. VVest Vnequall deuiding of the spoyle but to suche as he fauoured hee distributed liberally and to other though they had muche better deserued hee gaue nothing at all reteyning styll the best part of all to himselfe by reason whereof he lost the fauor of many of his men who for this his vncurtesie did not a little alienate their good willes from him This done he repayred to Yorke and there stayed for a time to reforme the disordered state of the Countrey VVil. Malm. which by reason of these warres was greatly out of frame In the meane tyme William Duke of Normandie hauing knowledge after what manner king Harolde was busied in the North parties of his realme and vnderstanding that the fouth parties thereof remayned without prouision of necessarie defence hasted with all diligence to make his purueyance of men and shippes that he might vpon such a conuenient occasion set forward sodenly to inuade his enimie And amongst other of his friends vnto whom he laboured forsayde his father in lawe Baldwine Earle of Flaunders Ia. Meer Baldwyn Erle of Flanders ayded Duke William to conquere Englande was one of the chiefe who vpon promise of great summes of money and other large offers made did ayde him with men munition shippes and vittayles very freely The French king also did as much for hys part as lay in him to helpe forwarde thys so high an enterprise Wherefore when all things were now in a readinesse hee came to the towne of Saint Valerie VVil. Geme The Chronicles of Normandie haue 896. shippes where he hadde assembles togyther an huge Nauie of Shippes to the number as some Authours affyrme of three hundred sayle and when he had taryed there a long time for a conuenable wind at length it came about eueÌ„ as he himself desired Then shipping his armie which consisted of Normans Flemings French men and Britonnes with all expedition he tooke the Sea and directing his course towardes Englande hee finally landed at
tyll they came to ioyne at hande strokes and then preassed eche syde vpon hys counterparte wyth Swordes Axes and other hand weapons right egrely VVil. Mal. Mat. VVest Some of the Englishe men got them to the height of an hill and beate backe the Normans that forced themselues to wynne the hill of them so that it was long ere the Normans could preuaile beeing oftentymes driuen downe into the bottom of the valley beneath At length the English men perceyuing themselues to bee ouermatched and beaten downe on euerye side The English men put to fight and therevnto greatlye discouraged wyth slaughter of theyr King beganne first to giue ground and after to scatter and to runne away so that well was him that might then escape by flight after that they had fought the most part of all that Saterday Eron de Bello VVil. Geme VVil. Malm. The Normās fall into a ditch The Normans followed the chafe with suche egre rashnesse that a great number of them falling with theyr Horses and armour into a blinde ditche shadowed with Reede and Sedges which grewe therein were smouldred and pressed to death ere they coulde be succoured or get any reliefe The next day the Normans fell to gathering in the spoyle of the fielde burying also the deade bodies of their people that were slaine at the battaile gyuing licence in semblable maner to the English men to doe the like Of the death of Harolde diuerse report diuersly Giral Camb. insomuch that Girald Cambren sayth how after king Harold had receyued many woundes and lost his left eye hee fledde from the fielde vnto the Citie of Westchester and liued there long after an holy life as an Anker in the Cell of S. Iames fast by Saint Iohns Church and there made a godly ende But the saying of Girald Cambren in that poynt is not to be credited bycause of the vnlikely hoode of the thing itselfe VVil. Mal. Hen. Hunt Mat. VVest and also generall consent of other wryters who affyrme vniuersally that he was killed in the battayle first beeyng stryken through the left eye by the scull into the brayne with an arrow wherevpon falling from his horse to the grounde hee was slaine in that place after hee had reigned nine Monethes and nine dayes as Floriacens◅s doth report He was a man of a comely stature Floriac Simon Dun. and of a haute courage and albeit that for his valyancie he was highly renowned and honoured of all men yet through his pryde and Ambition he lost the hartes of many Hen. Hunt Polidor The Chronicles of Normandie haue of Englishmen slaine 67974. and of Normans 6013. There was slaine in this battaile besides king Harolde and his two brethren Gyrth and Leofrike what on the one side and on the other aboue twentie thousande menne And finally hereby the bloud of the Saxons ceassed to raigne in Englande after they had continued possession of the same from the fyrst comming of Hengist which was about the yeare of our Sauiour .450 alias .449 vntill that present yeare of King Harolds death 1066 which chaunced in the yeare .1066 So that from the beginning of Hengist hys raigne 616 vnto Haroldes death are reckened .616 yeares or after some 617. as by supputation of the time will easily appeare By all the which time there raigned kings of the Saxons bloud within this lande except that for the space of .xx. yeares and somewhat more the Danes had the dominion of the Realme in their possession for there are reckened from the begynning of King Suenois reigne which was the first Dane that gouerned England vnto the last yeare of King Hardicnute the last Dane that ruled here .xxviij. yeares in whiche meane space Egelred recouering the Kingdome reigned two yeares and after him his sonne Edmonde Ironside continued in the rule one yeare so that the Danes had the whole possession of the lande but .xxv. yeares in all The bodie of king Harold is buried at Waltham The bodie of king Harolde being founde among other slaine in the fielde was buryed at Waltham within the monasterie of the holye Crosse which her before had founded endowed to the behoofe of futhe Canons as he had placed there with fayre possessions Verily as some wryters haue reported there was nothing in this manne to bee in any wyse dispraysed if his ambitious mynde coulde haue been stayed from coueting the Kingdome and that hee could haue beene contented to haue liued as a subiect Ex. 6. libro Policraticon siue de nugis tutialium ◅oh◅n Sarisb Among other manifest proufes of his highe valiancie this is remembred of him that beeing sent agaynst the Welchmen as before is partly mentioned hee knowing theyr readie nymblenesse in seruice and howe with their light armed menne they were accustomed to annoy and distresse those that shoulde assayle them hee likewise to matche them prouided light armed men for the purpose and so being furnished with suche bandes of nymble men and light Souldiers hee entered vpon the Mountaynes of Snowdone and there remayned amongest the enimyes for the space of two yeares Hee sore afflicted the Welche Nation tooke their Kings and sent theyr heades vnto the King that sent him aboute this businesse and proceeding in suche rigorous manner as mighte moue the hearers to lament and pitie the case hee caused all the masle kinde that might be mette with to be miserably slaine and so with the edge of his sworde he brought the Countrey to quiet and wythall made this lawe that if anye Welcheman from thencefoorth shoulde presume to passe the limittes ouer Offes ditch with any weapon about him he should lose his right hand To conclude by the valiant conduct of this Chieftaine the Welche men were then so sore brought vnder that in maner the whole Nation might seeme to faile and to be almost vtterly destroyed And therefore by permission of the king of England the women of Wales ioyned themselues in mariage with English men But to returne where we left Nowe forsomuch as it pleased God by hys hidde and secrete iudgemente so to dispose the Realme of Englande and in suche wise as that the gouernaunce thereof shoulde fall after thys maner into the handes of William duke of Normandie I haue thought good before I enter further into this Historie beeing nowe come to the conquest of the Realme made by the foresayde Duke of Normandie to set down his pedigrew thereby to shewe howe he discended from the first Duke of that Countrey who was named Rollo and after by receyuing baptisme cleped Robert The sayde Rollo or Rou was sonne to a greate Lorde in Denmarke called Guyon who hauing two sonnes the sayde Ron and Gourin and being appoynted to depart the Countrey as the lottes fell to him and other according to the maner there vsed in time when their people were encreased to a greater number than the Countrey was able to sustaine refused to obey that order
Seuerus winereth at York tyll the next Spring Hee himselfe wintered at Yorke In the next Sommer there was little done worthie to be spoken of but that there were certayne skirmishes betwixt the Romaines lying on the borders and the Scottes and Pictes euer as occasion serued eyther of the partyes to worke any exployte for theyr aduauntage But forsomuche as the Scottes had no ayde sente them forth of Irelande they were not mynded to ieoparde againe in a foughten fielde supposing it sufficient if they might defend their owne thoughe they gayned nothing as then considering the puyssaunce that was readie bent against them At length Seuerus fell sicke at Yorke Seuerus sickneth and his sonne Antoninus lying on the borders beyonde Tine caused the wall afore mentioned deuyding the Brytayns from the Scottes and Picts to be repayred The wall is repayred This wall was buylt as is before recyted first by Adrian the Emperour to stay the Scottishe men from inuading the lands apperteyning to the subiectes of the Romaine Empyre and after ouerthrowne in dyuerse places as well by Scottes and Pictes as by the Brytaynes in sort as before is partly mentioned Antoninus caused it to be fortified with Bastilyons one being placed so neare to another as trumpettes being appoynted in eche of them the sounde might be heard betwixt to warne one another vpon the first discrying of the enimies approche Finally Seuerus dyeth Seuerus dieth though not so soone as his son Antoninus wished in hope after him to attaine the Emperiall dignitie Concluding therefore a league with the Scottishe men and Pictes and graunting peace to Fulgentius Antoninus is hope to bee Emperor concludeth a peac◅ with the enimies and other such Brytishe rebelles as were fledde wyth him into Pictlande hee receyued sufficient pledges and then returned towardes London where his mother with his brother Geta as then lay Shortly after both the brethren departed forth of the Isle and went to Rome as in the Hystorie of Englande it appeareth But now to returne vnto Donald the Scottishe king ye shall vnderstande Donald studious to mainteyne his subiects in peace and concorde that being delyuered of forrayne trouble he studied chiefely how to preserue his people in good peace and perfecte tranquilitie Which minde our Sauiour Christ the authour of all peace and concorde had gyuen vnto him being lately afore conuerted vnto the true faith from his wicked paganisme and heathnishe Idolatrie For as we finde in Hector Boetius Donald conuerted vnto Christian beliefe in the dayes of the Emperour Seuerus in the dayes of the aboue mentioned Emperour Seuerus he sent a messenger with letters vnto Pope Victor Zephirinus sayeth Harison beeing the xv in number as they say after Saint Peter declaring vnto him that hee was fully mynded to receyue the Christian Religion and vtterly to forsake the superstitious seruice of the Heathnish Goddes and therfore instantly requyred him to sende ouer into Scotlande some godly learned men to instruct him in the right beliefe The Pope hearing this and being glad to increase the faith of Christ through all parties of the worlde sent with all speede into Scotlande such well disposed persons as he thought moste meete for that purpose who at theyr arriuall there did theyr endeuour in such diligēt sort that not only the king but also through his ensample a great number of the nobilitie were baptised The Scottish men receyued the faith in the yere of our sauiour 203. 5399. H. B. 533. H. B. clearely forsoke their former errours idolatrie This was in the yeare after the byrth of our Sauiour .202 from the creation of the worlde 4170. and after the firste erection of the Scottishe kingdome .530 as Harrison in his chronologie dothe manifestly confirme Moreouer this Donald was the firste as the Scottishe chronicles alledge that caused siluer and golde to be coyned in his realme Donald firste caused siluer and gold to be coyned in Scotland The stamp whiche he deuised for the same was a crosse on the one side and his face on the other Before that time the Scottes vsed no coyne but eyther exchāged and bartered ware for ware either else occupied with Bryttishe and Romaine money as diuers marble chestes full of the same whiche haue bene founde of late yeares in sundry partes of Scotland do very well witnesse Donald departeth out of this worlde Anno christi 216. H. B. Finally king Donald in the .xxj. yeare of his raigne departed out of this life and was buried according to the maner of our Christian religiō without any heathenish ceremonies But these his noble vertues encreased not in him togither with age but contrarily decayed in suche sorte that after he had raigned .viij. yeares Athirco chaūged in conditions frō good to bad he was quite altered in place of liberalitie embracing auarice for courtesie and amiable countenaunce he vsed sterne and loftie lookes for cōmendable exercises he gaue himselfe wholly to filthie pleasures and sensuall lustes of the bodie such as could further his purpose most in these his beastlie affections hee cherished had them most in estimation Athirco regardeth not his nobles not regarding at all the nobilitie of his realme but was as ready to wrong them by villanous iniurie as hee was any other of the lowest and meanest degrees It chaunced that a noble man in Argile being one of no small authoritie amongst the people of that countrey named Natholocus had twoo fayre yong Gentlewomen to his daughters The villanous acte of Athirco in abusing a Noble mans daughters now the king being very desirous to satisfie his lust vpon them forced them both the one after the other and not so content deliuered them afterwardes to be abused in the semblable sorte by his pages and seruaunts The father vnderstanding this villanie done to his daughters by theyr owne lamentable complaint sente for his friendes and opening vnto them the whole matter he requyred theyr assistaunce They being in a wonderfull furie to heare of suche an iniurie done to their bloud The kinsmen and friends of the gentlewomen conspire against Athirco promised in reuenge thereof to spende bothe life landes and goodes and foorthwith departing in sunder they prepared themselues to assemble theyr powers procuring a greate number of other Noble men to ioyne with them in so necessarie an enterprise as to rid the countrey of suche a caytife wretch respecting nothing but the satisfying of his filthie carnal lustes and the accomplishment of his most beastly appetites When they were once got togither in a companie they marched forth towards Dunstafage where they vnderstoode that the king as then did soiourne a great multitude of people still resorting vnto them by the way after it was once knowen whereabout they went Athirco hearing of theyr approche called togither his power supposing at the first to haue beaten downe his enimies but when hee had throughly wayed the matter
easie composition of money which she payed for hir mariage restored vnto hir againe all hir landes liuings suffring hir to enioy hir husbande without any more trouble or vexation Robert Bruce that was after king of Scotland is borne In the thirde yeare after the sayd Ladie was deliuered of the afore remembred Robert Bruce that was after king of Scotland And the same yeare which was the yeare after the byrth of our Sauiour 1274 1274. Dauid the seconde sonne of king Alexander deceassed and the thirde yeare after the brethren of Edward king of England came into Scotland to visite the Queene their sister and their brother in lawe the King K. Alexander with his wife the Queene came to London and after did attend them both in theyr iourney to London whither they went to be present at the coronation of the foresayde Edwarde as then returned forth of Affrike after the deceasse of his father King Henrie to take vpon him the gouernment of the Kingdome descended vnto him by right of inheritance He was crowned the same yeare on the day of the assumption of our Ladie in August wyth great solemnitie and tryumph The same time there was a Norman in king Edwardes Court A Norman of passing streÌ„gth of suche passing strength of bodye that he ouerthrewe all men with whome hee wrastled Ferquhard a Scottish man ouerthrew the sayd Norman tyll at length was Ferquhard a Scottish man borne of the Countrey of 〈◊〉 descended of noble 〈…〉 his great prayse and gouernment 〈…〉 King Alexander in guerdâ—…n of so 〈…〉 there done in the presence of so 〈…〉 â—…imble gaue vnto him the Earledome of â—…osse foreuermore 〈…〉 Ferquhard succeeded 〈◊〉 Earles 〈◊〉 of his surname The Earldom of Rosse giue William Rosse alias Leslie but the sixt Earle was named William Rosse otherwise Lesly in whose sonne the seuenth Earle fayled the dignitie of that house for fault of succession At the sometime prince Alexander king Alexanders sonne did homage vnto king Edward for the Earledome of Huntington as the Scottish writers do testifie Shortly after that king Alexander was returned forth of Englande at that time into Scotlande The death of Queene Margaret his wife Queene Margaret deceassed and was buried in Dunfermling She bare by him two sonnes Alexander and Dauid and one daughter named Margaret the which according to the assurance before made was maried about three yeares after hir mothers deceasse vnto Hanigo The mariage of Margaret K. Alexanders daughter or rather Aquine king of Norway and deceassed in the seconde yeare after the solemnization of the maryage leauing behinde hir a daughter named also Margaret But before this happe fell so oute euen immediately after the death of Queene Margaret the mother hir yonger sonne Dauid deceassed The death of Dauid sonne to king Alexander By reason whereof King Alexander being carefull for his succession procured a maryage for his elder sonne Prince Alexander The mariage of Alexander prince of Scotlande wyth the Earle of Flaunders his daughter the whiche beeing brought into Scotlande was maryed vnto the sayd Prince at Iedworth on the Sunday after the feast of Saint Martyn in Winter in the yeare 1279. 1279. The feast of this maryage was holden with great tryumph and solemnitie continually the space of .xv. dayes togither This yeare a number of the Scottish nobilitie which had attended the Ladie Margaret into Norway were lost by shipwracke as they would haue returned back againe into Scotland after the consummation of hir maryage there with king Hanigo or Aquine Shortly after by force of deathes dreadfull dint two grieuous losses chaunced vnto King AlexaÌ„der the one following in y e neck of another The death of Alexander prince of Scotlande For first his eldest sonne Prince Alexander being not past .xx. yeres of age departed out of this worlde without leauing any issue behinde him and not long after his daughter Margaret Queene of Norway deceassed also The death of Margaret Queene of Norway leauing behinde hir one onely daughter as before is mentioned being as yet but an infant A Councell at Lions In the same yeare was a generall counsell holden at Lions the Pope and a great multitude of the Prelates of Christendome being there assembled To this counsell were summoned to appeare all the Prouincials Wardens and ministers of the begging Friers And for y e there were so many sundry orders of theÌ„ ech man deuising of hys owne brayne some newe alteration all those orders were reduced into the foure orders which after by the church of Rome were approued and alowed The foure orders of Friers A general coÌ„mandement was also giuen A commaundement giuen against deuising new orders of Friers that no man should go about to begin any newe forme of such vaine superstitious orders whiche appoynt themselues to eschue labour to the ende they may liue in pleasure lust and ydlenesse vpoÌ„ the trauaile of other mens browes In this meane time after that the Christian army was retained home out of 〈◊〉 by reason of a truce contended with the Soldane The Soldane contrary to the truce inuadeth the Christians the same Soldan that truce notwithstanding ceassed not to make great slaughters and 〈◊〉 vpon those christen men that remayned behinde The christian Princes sore moued herewith made their apprests for a new expedition into the holy land The Scottes contribution for a iourney into the holy lande The Scots gaue the tenth priuie of all their landes or rather as some bookes haue the tenth part of all tythes belonging to churches to the furtherance of this iourney notwithstanding through such enuie and contentions as rose amongest the sayde Princes that iourney brake to the great domage and preiudice of the Christian fayth King Alexander hauing lost his wife and children in maner as is before expressed not only he himself but also all Scotland was in great pensiuenesse and sorrow eche man by a certaine soreiudgement and misgiuing in minde doubting the mishap that might therof ensue K. Alexander maryed the daughter of the Earle not of Champaign but of Dreux sayth Southw But yet did king Alexander by aduice of his Nobles in hope of new issue marrie the daughter of the Erle of Champainge in Fraunce named Iolant The mariage was celebrate at Iedburgh with greate feasting and triumph but that ioye and gladsome blythnesse endured not long after Ri. Southwel varieth somewhat from the Scottish writers in report of K. Alexanders death See in Englande For the same yeare on the .xviij. day of Aprill as he was galloping vpon a fierce horse at Kingorn forcing him in his race somwhat rashly he was throwne ouer the west clife towards the Sea by a wonderfull misfortune so rudely that hee brake his necke and so therewyth immediately dyed in the .xlij. 35. H.B. yeare of hys raigne He was buryed at Dunfermling in the yeare after the Incarnation
massie plate sundry faire clothes of rich and costly arras by his wiues friendes with many other it welles and things of great price and valure King Iames then departed on this wise from his wiues brethren and other suche his deere friends as his vertue and princely behauiour had procured him during his abode here in England King Iames commeth to Edynburgh entred into Scotlande and came to Edynburgh on Care sunday otherwise called Passiō sunday in Lent where he was receyued with all honour ioy and triumph that might be deuised Iames. ANd after y e assoone as the solemnitie of y e feast of Easter was fynished He is crowned a Scone togyther with has vse hee came to Perth and shortly after to Scone where he was crowned king and his wife Queene by Duke Mordo the gouernor and Henrie Bishop of S. Androwes the xxj day of May after the incarnation 1424. 1424 There came forth of Englande with thys Iames the fyrst diuerse Englishe Gentlemen which remayning euer after in seruice with him were aduaunced to certaine landes possessions and liuings in Scotlande Amongst whome as one of the chiefest was Androw Gray Androw Gray who afterwardes by the Kings ayde and good furtherance got in maryage the daughter and heyre of Henrie Mortimer of Foulis named Helen and by that meanes came the Lordship of Foulis vnto the handes of the Grayes The surname of the Grayes in Scotland whose surname and posteritie continueth yet in Scotlande inuested with great landes and dignities both in Gowry and Angus King Iames after his coronation returned from Scone to Edenburgh King Iames keepeth an audite where he called afore him all those that bare any authoritie in the administration of the common wealth during the time of the gouernours Duke Robert and Duke Mordo namely the Chancellour the Treasurer the Clearkes of the Register the Comptroller the Auditors and Receyuers with all other that had borne offices or had any thing to do concerning the kings rents At length when hee perceyued by theyr accompts made that the most part of all the lands rents and reuenues perteyning to the Crowne were wasted bestowed aliened and transported by the two foresayd gouernors vnto their friends and fautours contrary to all right or good consideration the customes of Burrowes and good townes onely excepted hee was not well content herewith though for the tyme he passed ouer his displeasure in shewing outwardly no semblaunce but as if hee had lyked all things well This payment was leuyed the fyrst yeare wythout any trouble but the seconde yeare there rose such murmure and grudging amongest the poore commons about the payment thereof The commōs grudge at payments that hee remitted the residue that was behinde and tooke neuer any taske after of hys subiectes tyll hee maryed his daughter wyth the Dolphyn of Fraunce Amongest other bylles put vp in this last mencioned Parliament Bylles of complaynt exhibited against the sonnes of duke Mordo there were diuerse complayntes exhibited by the people for sundrie oppressions vsed and done by the sonnes of Duke Mordo and other great Peeres of the Realme before the kings returne into Scotlande Wherevpon Walter Stewarde one of the sonnes of the sayde Duke Mordo was arrested Walter Stewarde put in prison and sent to a Castell situated vpon a rocke within the sea called the Bas thereto remaine in safe keeping Also Malcolme Flemming of Cumernalde and Thomas Boyd of Kylmarnoke were committed to warde in Dalkeith but these two at the intercession of diuerse noble men were pardoned of all offences for an easie fine with condition that they shoulde satisfie all such persons as they had in any wise wronged The othe of king Iames. In the foresayd Parliament also king Iames tooke a solemne othe to defende as well the liberties of his Realme as of the Church during the course of his naturall life The like othe by his ensample did all the residue of the Barons take at the same present time A Parliament holden at Perth Duke Mordo with his sonne Alexander and diuerse other Peeres of the Realme arrested Not long after an other Parliament was called holden at Perth in the which Duke Mordo with his sonne Alexander were arested and committed to ward So was also Archymbalde Earle of Dowglas with his brother William Earle of Angus George Earle of Marche Adam Hepborne of Hales and many other great Barons of Scotland euery of them being put in sundrie Castels and strengthes to remaine there vnder safe keeping Duke Mordo was sent to Carlaurok and his Duches was put in Temptalloun 1425 In the yeare following on the holy Roode day called the Inuention of the Crosse Iames Stewarde the thirde sonne of Duke Mordo moued with great yre for that his father brethren were holden in prison came with a great power to the towne of Dounbrytaine The towne of Dunbrytaine burnt and brunt it after he had slaine Iohn Stewarde of Doundonalde and .xxxij. other persones which were found in the same towne but the king kindled in greate displeasure for this attempt pursued this Iames so fiercely that he was faine to flee into Irelande where he afterwardes deceassed A Parliament holden at Sterling 1426 Walter and Alexander the sonnes of duke Mordo beheaded Duke Mordo and Duncane Steward Earle of Lennox beheaded In the yeare next ensuing king Iames called a Parliament at Sterling in the which he himselfe sitting with scepter sworde and crowne in place of iudgement Walter Steward with hys brother Alexander were condemned and incontinently were led forth to a place before the Castell and there beheaded On the Morrow after Duke Mordo hymselfe and Duncane Stewarde Earle of Lennox were conuicted of highe treason and beheaded afore the Castell in semblable maner Thus by the attainder of Duke Mordo and his sonnes the Erledomes of Fife Menteith and Lennox came into the kings handes The residue of the Lordes and Barons remayning as then in prison and abyding the kings pleasure were sore afrayd when they heard what rygorous iustice had beene executed on Duke Mordo and his sonnes notwithstanding within a tweluemonth after they were all set at libertie and receyued into the kings fauour on promise of their loyall demeanour and duetifull obedience euer after to be shewed during their naturall lyues In the yeare next following which was after the incarnation 1427. 1427 Alexander Lorde of the Iles arested Alexander Lorde of the Iles was arested by the king at Inuernes for that he was accused to be a succorer mainteyner of theeues and robbers in the countrey but forasmuch as he promised in tyme comming to refourme his former misdemeanors He is set at libertie he was pardoned and set at libertie whereof ensued greate trouble immediatly after For shortly vpon his deliuerance He rebelleth he gathered a power of wicked scapethriftes and with the same comming vnto Inuernes burnt the towne
e Dowglasses beeing driuen to their shiftes the Lorde Iames Hamilton of CadÈow was sente from them into England to fewe for ayde but in vayne for none there would be graunted wherevpon returnyng to his friendes he counselled the Earle of Dowglas to trust to his owne forces and sith the same were farre superior in number of men to y e kings power he gaue likewise councell without delay The counsell of the Lorde Hamylton to set vpon the King that the matter mighte bee tryed by chaunce of battell the only meane to assure them of their liues and estates for otherwise he saw not how any vnfayned agreement might bee concluded the matter beeing nowe passed so farfoorth to an extremity Io. Maior But y e Earle of Dowglas vtterly as some write refused to fight against his soueraigne and true liege Lord if any other meane might be founde wherevpon dyuers great Lordes whiche were with him there on his side being men of greate witte and no lesse experience aduised him yet to keepe togither his host till by their trauell and assistaunce a peace were concluded and pardon obtayned for all partes for if the army were once broken vp all hope was then past as they alledged for any indifferente conditions of peace to be obtayned Herewith also The Lord Hamylton departeth from the Dowglas the Lorde Hamylton beeing wiser than the residue bad the Dowglas farewell and so departed concluding that hee should neuer see so faire a day agayne wherein he might haue cast the dice for the whole Kingdome And being thus departed from the Dowglas hee repayred to the King as then lying at the seege of Abircorne who sente him to the Castell of Rosleyn there to remayne vnder safekeeping with the Earle of Orkney to whom the same Castell belonged but at length y e King did not only pardon this Lorde Hamilton of all passed offences but also receyued hym into such fauour that he gaue to him his eldest daughter in mariage as after shall appeare But now vpon the withdrawing thus of the sayd Lorde Hamilton from the Dowglas The Earle of Dowglas his company shrinketh from him bycause the King had set foorthe also an open proclamation of pardon to all those that woulde forsake the Earle of Dowglas the most part of the same Earles company departed from him He withdraweth into England by reason whereof he fledde into Englande togither with his brethren The King lying at the seege of Abircorne lost diuers of hys men besydes many that were wounded but yet taking firste a strong Towre being one of the chiefest lymmes of that fortresse shortly after he wanne the rest The Earle of Dowglas beeing withdrawen as ye haue heard into EnglaÌ„d within a whyle after gote togither certayne companies of men and with the same returned agayne into Scotland by the west bordures He inuadeth Scotland in hope to find friends in those parties but such as the king had appointed there to defend the countrey assembling them selues togither and setting vpon hym discomfited his people The Earle of Dowglas discomfited Archebalde Dowglas Earle of Murrey slayne Earle of Ormond taken Donald Earle of Rosse slewe his brother Archebalde and tooke the Earle of Ormont prisoner being firste sore wounded The Baron of Baluay escaped into a Wood and so gote away The Earle himself also as Hector Boetius hath escaped by flight and gote him vnto Dunstafage where finding Donalde Earle of Rosse and Lord of the Isles he procured him beeing of nature enclined and ready ynough to followe such counsell to make warre in his fauoure againste the King And after hee hadde once set hym a worke he gote hym backe agayne into Englande Donalde wasted not only the Kings possessions that lay neere to Dunstafage but also passing through Argile dyd muche hurte in all places where hee came He inuaded also the Isle of Arrane and chased the Bishoppe of Lismore constreyning hym to take Sayntuarie This done hee entred into Lochquhabir and so into Murray lande where he brente the towne of Inuernes and wanne the Castell by a guilefull trayne In the meane time the Earle of Ormont after he was recouered of his hurtes as the sayde Boerius writeth was presented to the Kyng and after he had remayned in prison a certayne tyme The Earle of Ormont beheaded hee was at length beheaded Moreouer the Countesse Beatrice after she sawe no hope left that the Earle of Dowglas shoulde recouer his former estate came to the King The CouÌ„tesse of Dowglas Beatrice submitteth hirselfe to the King and submitted hir selfe laying all the blame in the Earle who had procured hir vnto such vnlawfull marriage with him being hir former husbandes brother The king receyued hir right curteously and gaue to hir the Baronie of Baluay to maynetayne therewith hir estate Shortly after also The CouÌ„tesse of Rosse the Countesse of Rosse fledde from hir husbande and came to the King for feare of hir husbands crueltie whereof she had alredy partly tasted The King bycause hee hadde made the marriage betwixt hir and hir husband assigned hir foorth sufficient reuenewes also for the mayntenaunce of hir estate About the same time Patricke Thornton Patrick Thornton one of the Kings seruauntes but a fauourer of the Dowglas slewe Iohn SaÌ„delands of Calder the Kings Cousin and Alane Steward at Dunbriton for that they fauored the contrary faction but the King getting the offender into his hands caused him and his complices to die for theyr wicked offence committed The vniuersitie of Glasgew founded 1455 Death of noble men The vniuersitie of Elasgow was fouÌ„ded about this tyme by one Turnebull Byshop of that sea In the yeere following dyed William Hay Earle of Errole and Conestable of Scotlande Also George Creichton Earle of Catnese and William Creichton chiefe of that family In this meane while the Earle of Dowglas remaining in England procured the EnglishmeÌ„ diuers times to make roades into Scotlande whereby he lost as y e Scottish writers affirme y e loue of his owne couÌ„treymen wheÌ„ they saw him thus ioyne with the Englishmen to the domage of his natiue land At one time Henry Earle of Northumberland the said Earle of Dowglas inuaded the Mers but taking little heede to theÌ„selues and suffering their people to ride abroade to harrie the countrey without order Dowglas Earle of Angus with a mightie army of Scottishmen set vppon them and put them to flighte steaing diuers and taking to the number of seuen hundred prisoners Thus as should appeare the Earle of Dowglas in vayne sought to disquiet his countrey for all his friendes in Scotlande continued faithfull to the King who had graunted peace to all other of y e Dowglasses and their complices for it was Gods will that the matter shoulde bee taken vp without more bloudshed that the right line of the Scottish Kings might be preserued And though the almighty God mighte haue brought that to passe by other
they mighte expell theyr neyghbours and one that was their paire yet if they would suffer the Kyng of Leynister to reposseed and enioy hys righte they shoulde not fynde hym vnreasonable Otherwise Welchmen they shoulde well perceyue that the Welchmen wanted neyther habilitie nor faithe to mayneteyne theyr worde Rodericke perceyuing it was no boote to striue againste the streame The agreemente betwixt Roderike and Dermote resolued to growe vnto some agreemente whiche at length was concluded with these conditions Firste that Dermote Macmourche receyuing a newe othe of allegeance to the Monarchie should quietly repossesse those partes of the Kingdome of Leynister whyche Rodericke withhelde by suspension Secondly that for assuraunce thereof hee shoulde pledge hys deerest base begotten sonne Conthurus to whome Rodericke promised hys daughter if this peace continued effectuall Thirdlye that beeyng established in hys Kingdome hee shoulde discharge the Welchs Armye and from thencefoorthe shoulde at no time call them ouer againe in his defence About the same time the King of Arglas founded the Abbey of Mellesunt the eldest that is recorded since the arriuall of the Danes excepte Sainte Mary Abbey besyde Dublin erected Anno .948 In this meane while there landed at Wexford Maurice Fitz Gerald landed at Wexforde Maurice Fitzgerald with .x. knightes .xxx. Esquires and an hundred good bowmen Herevpon K. Dermote greatly encouraged purposed with all speede to seeke his reuenge againste them of Dublin that had shewed themselues great enimies diuers wayes both to him and his father He assembled therefore his power togither and marched toward Dublin whilest Fitz Stephen remayned two miles from Wexforde where on the height of a Rocke called Karreck hee built a Castell But Fitzgerald with the English army went foorth with King Dermote againste Dublin hauing the chiefe conduct of all the whole enterprise They so besturred them that all the territorie about the Citie and the countreys adioyning were in manner brought to vtter ruine with spoyle slaughter and fire in somuche that the townesmen of Dublin Dublin subdued perceyuing in what daunger they stoode submitted them selues and put in good suretie for their loyall demeanor in time to come When Dublin and the Countrey about were thus recouered and reduced to their former subiection Variance betwixt the Monark and the king of Lymerike there fell out variance betwixt Rodorike the Monarke and Dunenald King of Limerik To whose ayde his father in lawe Dermote sent Fitz Stephans with his power by whose high prowes Roderike in diuers conflictes was put to the worst and forced to withdrawe home into his countrey with dishonor Nowe was Dermote growen into some fauor and liking of his people insomuche that hee began to fancie a further conquest hauing already recouered his whole kingdome of Leymster And bycause he knewe it shoulde be to small purpose to attempt any such thing without the help of his English confederates hee consulted with the two brethren Fitzstephans and Fitzgerald about the inuading of Connagh for hee meante to giue a push for the obteining of that countrey with the whole monarchie of Ireland and for as much as hee founde them ready to further him in that enterprise he wrote ouer into England vnto y e Erle of Penbroke requiring his assistāce Dermucius sendeth to the Earle of Penbroke in renuing y e former couenants passed betwixt thē The valiancie of one William Ferrando a knight was much noted in this conflict William Ferrando Seuenty townesmen of Waterford were taken and afterwardes contrarie to the minde of Raymond cast into the sea and drowned through the perswasion of Heruie de Monte Maurisco in which doing the English men did great hurt to themselues for the aduauncement of their proceedings in Ireland The Earle of Pembroke passeth into Irelande In the meane time the Erle of Pembrooke hauing made all his prouision readie tooke the sea in Mylforde hauen with two hundred knightes and a thousand other men of warre and arriued at Waterforde on Bartholmewe euen and the morow after Bartholmew day being Tuesday they assaulted the Citie and were twise repulsed but yet at length breaking downe an house that ioyned to the wall they entred by force and sleaing the Citizins obteyned a bloudie victorie Shortly after came king Dermote thither with Fitz Stephans and Reymonde and there according to couenant gaue vnto Erle Strangbow his daughter Eue in mariage with the succession of his kingdome When Waterford was thus gotten and Leynister pacified and the princes of Ossorie tamed and a chosen power of men of warre placed in garison King Dermote was become so terrible that none durst styrre agaynst him Dermote not yet satisfyed in his moode agaynst them of Dublin got his army on foote and drew towardes that Citie by the bending coastes of the Mountaynes of Glindelachan auoyding the wayes that lay through the wooddes bycause hee knew y e same to be beset with his enimies Therfore hauing still in remembrance the iniurie done to his father kept him out of the woods hating the Citizins of Dublin chiefely bycause they had trayterously slaine his father in tyme past in the middest of a great house whither they were wont to repayre as to a place where causes were vsually heard and to adde a reproche to their cruell murthering of their Prince they buried him togither with a dog At the kings approch to the city whilest Ambassadors were sent and that by mediation of the Archbishoppe of that Citie named Laurence a treatie of peace was in hande while Reymond on the one side and Myles Cogan a right valiant knight on the other with their companies of yong lustie soldiers assaulting y e walles forthwith obteined the victorie not without great slaughter of the Citizens Dublin taken the better part of them yet with Captaine Hastulf got them to shipboord with their best goods hasted thēce vnto y e north Iles. Miles Cogan left in Dublyn to keepe the Citie Dermote hauing thus wonne the Citie of Dublyn set things in order there he left Miles Cogan to gouern the same marched forth togither with the Erle of Pēbroke the rest of the army into Methe entred into the confines of that countrey wasted spoiled with fire sworde the whole region of Methe Rotherike sendeth messengers to Dermote Rotherike king of Connagh sent vnto Dermote to put him in remembrance of the couenant passed betwixt them specially to restraine the excursions of the strangers that were in his companie for else he would not faile to put to death his sonne whom he had with him as a pledge Which to do when Dermote did not onely refuse but also declared plainly that he would not stay from pursuing his purpose till he had subdued al Cōnagh Roderike causeth the heade of Dermot his sonne to be striken off obteyned the Monarchie of y e whole Ile apperteining to him by right discēded frē his ancesters
the Lordes of the land chose the Earle of Ormond to be Lord Iustice The Erle of Ormond Loâ—… iustice In the fift yeare of Henrie the fourth Iohn Colton Archbishop of Ardmagh the .xxvij. 1404 The Archbishop of Ardmagh deceassed of Aprill departed this life vnto whome Nicholas Stoning succeeded The same yeare on the day of Saint Vitale the martir the parliameÌ„t of Dublin began before the Erle of Ormond then lord Iustice of IrelaÌ„d where the statutes of Kilkenny and Dublin were confirmed and likewise the charter of Ireland 1405 In the sixt yeare of Henry the fourth in the Month of May three Scottish barks were takeÌ„ two at greene castell and one at Alkey with captaine Macgolagh The same yeare the Marchants of Drodagh entred Scotland and tooke prayes and pledges Also on the euen of the feast day of the .vij. brethren Oghgard was burnt by the Irish And in Iune Syr Stephen Scrope that was come again into Ireland returned eftsoones into Englande leauing the Earle of Ormonde Lorde Iustice of Irelande About the same time they of Dublin entred Scotland at Saint Ninian The Citizens of Dublin inuade Scotland and valiantly behaued themselues agaynste the enimies and after crossing the Seas directed theyr course into Wales and did muche hurt to the Welchmen They inuade Wales bringing from thence the shrine of Saint Cubins and placed it in the Churche of the Trinitie in Dublin The Erle of Ormond deceaseth Iames Butler Earle of Ormonde dyed at Baligam whilest he was Lorde Iustice vnto whome succeeded Geralde Earle of Kildare The same yeare the Prior of Conall in the plaine of Kildare fought manfully with the Irish and vanquished two hundred that were wel armed sleaing part of them and chasing the residue out of the field and the Prior had not wyth him past the number of .xx. H. Marl. English men but god as saith mine Author assisted those that put their trust in him The same yeare after Michaelmas Stephen Scrope Deputie Iustice to the Lorde Thomas of Lancaster the kings sonne and his lieutenant of Ireland A Parliament at Dublin came againe ouer into Irelande and in the feast of Saint Hillarie was a Parliament holden at Dublyn which in Lent after was ended at Trim. And Meiller de Brimmingham slue Cathole Oconhur aboute the ende of Februarie In the yere .1407 a certain false and heathnish wretch 1407 an Irish man named Mac Adam Mac Gilmore that had caused .xl. Churches to be destroyed Corbi what it is signifieth as be that was neuer christened and therfore called Corbi chaunced to take prisoner one Patrike Sauage and receyued for his raunsome two M. Markes though afterwardes hee slue him togither with his brother Richard The same yere in the feast of the exaltation of the Crosse Stephen Scrope deputie to the Lorde Thomas of Lancaster with the Earles of Ormonde and Desmond and the Prior of Kilmaynam and diuerse other captaynes and men of warre of Meith set from Dublin and inuaded the lande of Mac Murche where the Irish came into the field and skirmished with them so as in the former part of the day they put the English power to the worse but at length the Irishe were vanquished chased so that Onolan with his sonne and diuerse other were taken prisoners But the English captaines aduertised here y t the Burkeyns Okerol in the countie of Kilkenny had for the space of two days togither done much mischief they rode with al speed vnto the town of CallaÌ„ there encountring with the aduersaries manfully put theÌ„ to flight slue Okerol .viij. C. Okeroll slaâ—â— others There went a tale and belieued of many that the Sunne stood stil for a space that day tyll the Englishmen had ridden sixe myles so muche was it thoughte that GOD fauoured the Englishe part in this enterprise if wee shall beleeue it The same yeare the Lorde Stephan Scrope passed once againe ouer into Englande and Iames Butler Erle of Ormonde was elected by the countrey Lord Iustice of Ireland In the dayes of this king Henry the fourth the Inhabitants of Corke beeing sore afflicted with perpetual oppressions of their Irish neighbors coÌ„plained themselues in a generall writing directed to the lord of Rutland Corke the kings deputie there to the counsell of the realme then assembled at Dublin which letter bycause it openeth a window to behold the state of those parties and of the whole realme of Ireland in those dayes we haue thought good to set down here as it hath bin entred by Campion according to the copie deliuered to him by Francis Agard Esquire one of y e Queenes Maiesties priuie counsell in Ireland A letter from Corke out of an old recorde that beareth no daâ—…e IT may please your wisedomes to haue pity on vs the kings poore subiects within y e couÌ„tie of Cork or else we are cast away for euer For where there are in this couÌ„ty these lords by name beside knights esquiers gentlemen yeomen to a great number that might dispend yerely .viij. C. poundes .vj. C. poundes .iiij. C. poundes two C. an hundred pounds an hundred Marks twentie pounds .xx. marks ten pounds some more some lesse to a great number beside these Lordes First the Lorde Marques Caro his yearely reuenues was besyde Dorzey hauen and other creekes two M. two C. pounds sterling The Lord Barneuale of Beerhauen his yerely reuenues was beside Bodre hauen and other creekes M. vj. C. pounds sterling â—…hinke rather greene castell The Lorde Vggan of the great Castell hys yearely reuenue beside his hauens and creekes xiij thousand poundes The Lord Balram of Enfort his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes M. CCC pound sterling The Lorde Curcy of Kelbretton his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes a thousande two hundred pound sterling The Lorde Mandeuile of Barenstelly his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes M. two hundred pound sterling The Lorde Arundell of the Strand his yearely reuenues beside haueÌ„s and creekes a thousand fiue hundred pounds sterling The Lord Barod of the gard his yearely reuenue beside haueÌ„s creekes M. C. pouÌ„ds sterling The Lord Steyney of Baltmore his yearely reuenue besides hauens creekes .viij. C. lb sterl The Lord Roch of Poole castell his yearly reuenues besyde hauâ—…ns and creekes ten thousande poundes sterling The kings Maiestie hath the landes of the late yong Barry by forfeyture the yearely reuenue wherof beside two riuers and creekes and al other casualties is M. viij C. pound sterling And that at the ende of this Parliament your Lordship with the kings most noble couÌ„sell may come to Corke call before you al these Lords other Irish men and bind them in pain of losse of life lands goods that neuer one of them do make warre vpon an other withoute licence or commaundement of you my lord deputie the kings counsel for the vtter destruction of these partes is that
of the Ladie Gennet Golding wife to sir Iohn White knight the gouernour licenced that it should be buried Skesfington deceased Sir William Skesfington a seuere and vpright Gouernour dyed shortly after at Kilmaynan to whome succeeded Lorde Deputie the Lorde Leonard Gray Leonard Gray Lord Deputie who immediately vpon the taking of his othe marched with his power towardes the confines of Mounster where Thomas Fitz Girald at that tyme remayned Breerton skirmisheth with Fitz Girald With Fitz Giralde sir William Breerton skirmished so fiercely as both the sides were rather for the great slaughter disaduantaged than eyther part by any great victorie furthered Master Brereton therefore perceyuing that rough Nettes were not the fittest to take such peart byrdes gaue his aduice to the Lorde Deputie to grow with Fitz Girald by faire meanes to some reasonable composition The Deputie liking of the motion craued a parlee sending certaine of the Englishe as hostages to Thomas hys campe with a protection directed vnto him to come and go at will and pleasure Thomas Fitz Girald submitteth himselfe to the deputy Being vpon this securitie in conference with the Lorde Gray hee was perswaded to submyt himselfe to the King his mercie with the gouernours faythfull and vndoubted promise that he should be pardoned vpon his repayre into Englande And to the ende that no trecherie might haue bene misdeemed of eyther side they both receyued the Sacrament openly in the campe The sacrament receyued as an infallible seale of the couenants and conditions of eyther part agreed Thomas sayleth into England Herevpon Thomas Fitz Giralde sore agaynst the willes of his Counsaylours dismist his armie and roade with the Deputie to Dublyn 1535 where he made short abode when hee sayled to Englande with the fauourable letters of the gouernour and the Counsayle And as hee woulde haue taken his iourney to Windsore where the Court lay He is committed to the Tower he was intercepted contrarie to his expectation in London way and conueyed with hast to the Tower And before his imprisonment were bruted letters were posted into Irelande straytly commaunding the Deputie vpon sight of them to apprehend Thomas Fitz Girald his vncles and to see them with all speede conuenient shipt into England Which the Lorde Deputie did not slacke For hauing feasted three of the Gentlemen at Kylmaynan Thomas his vncles taken immediately after their banquet as it is nowe and then seene that sweete meate will haue sowre sauce he caused them to be manacled and led as prisoners to the Castell of Dublin and the other two were so roundly snatcht vp in villages hard by as they sooner felt theyr owne captiuitie than they had notice of theyr brethrens calamitie The next winde that serued into Englande these fiue brethren were embarked to wit Iames Fitz Giralde Walter Fitz Girald Oliuer Fitz Girald Iohn Fitz Girald Richard Fitz Girald Three of these Gentlemen Iames Walter and Richarde were knowne to haue crossed their Nephew Thomas to their power in his Rebellion and therefore were not occasioned to misdoubt any daunger But such as in those dayes were enimies to the house incensed the king so sore agaynst it perswading him that he should neuer conquer Irelande as long as any Giraldine breathed in the Countrey and for making the pathway smooth he was resolued to loppe off as well the good and sounde Grapes as the wilde and fruitelesse Beries Whereby appeareth howe daungerous it is to be a rubbe when a King is disposed to sweepe an Alley Thus were the fiue brethren sayling into Englande among whome Richarde Fitz Giralde being more bookish than the rest of his brethren and one that was much giuen to the studies of antiquitie veyling his inwarde griefe with outward myrth comforted them wyth cheerefulnesse of countenance as well perswading them that offended to repose affiaunce in God and the King his mercie and such as were not of that conspiracie Innocencie a strong for t to relie to theyr innocencie which they should hold for a more safe strong Barbican than any rampire or Castell of Brasse Thus solacing the siely mourners sometyme with smiling somtime with singing sometyme with graue pithie Apophthegmes he craued of the owner the name of the Barcke who hauing answered that it was called the Cow The Cow the gentleman sore appalled thereat sayd Now good brethren I am in vtter dispaire of our returne to Ireland for I beare in mynde an olde prophecie that fiue Earles brethren should be caryed in a Cowes bellie to England and from thence neuer to returne Iames Delahyde Iames Delahyde the chiefe Counsaylour of Thomas Fitz Giralde fled into Scotlande and there deceassed To this miserable end grew this lewd rebellion which turned to y e vtter vndoing of diuerse auncient Gentlemen who trayned with fayre wordes into a fooles Paradice were not onely dispossessed of theyr landes but also depriued of theyr lyues or else forced to forsake theyr countreys Thomas Fitz Girald was not Earle of Kildare As for Thomas Fitz Giralde who as I wrote before was executed at Tyburne I would wish the carefull Reader to vnderstand that he was neuer Earle of Kildare although some wryters rather of error than of malice Stow. Pa. 434. tearme him by that name For it is knowne that his father lyued in the Towre when hee was in open Rebellion where for thought of the yong man his follye hee dyed and therefore Thomas was attaynted in a Parliament holden at Dublyn as one that was deemed reputed and taken for a traytour before his fathers deceasse by the bare name of Thomas Fitz Giralde For this hath beene obserued by the Irish Hystoriographers euer since the conquest No Earle of Kildare bare armour at any time agaynst his prince that notwithstanding all the presumptions of treason wherewith any Earle of Kyldare coulde eyther faintly be suspected or vehemently charged yet there was neuer any Erle of that house read or heard of that bare armour in the fielde agaynst his Prince Which I write not as a barrister hyred to pleade theyr cause but as a Chronicler mooued to declare the truth This Thomas Fitz Giralde The description of Thomas Fitz Giralde as before is specified was borne in Englande vpon whom nature poured beautie and fortune by byrth bestowed Nobilitie which had it beene well employed and were it not that his rare gyftes had bene blemished by his later euill qualities hee would haue proued an ympe worthie to bee engraft in so honourable a stocke Hee was of stature tall and personable in countenance amiable a white face and withall somewhat ruddie delicately in eche lymme featured a rolling tongue and a riche vtterance of nature flexible and kinde verie soone caryed where hee fansied easily with submission appeased hardly wyth stubbornnesse weyed in matters of importance an headlong hotespurre yet nathelesse taken for a yong man not deuoyde of witte were it not as
ioyned battayle when dyuers noble men that ought good will to both the brethren and abhorred in their myndes so vnnaturall discorde beganne to entreate for a peace VVil. Mal. Simon Dun. H. Hunt which in the ende they concluded on thrse cōditions that Henry who was borne after his father had conquered the Realme of England should therefore nowe enioye the same yelding and paying yerely vnto duke Robeet the summe of .iij. M. marks whether of thē soeuer did depart this life first shuld make the other his heire Moreouer that those Englishmen or Normans which had taken parte either with the king or the duke Hen. Hunt VVi. Thorne Mat. VVest Geruasius Dorober should be pardoned of al offences that could be layd vnto them for the same by eyther of the princes There were also .xij. noble men on eyther parte that receyued corporall othes for performance of this agreement which being concluded in this maner Duke Robert which in his doings shewed himself more credulous than suspicious remayned with his brother here in Englande till the feast of S. Michaell then shewing himselfe wel contented with the agreemēt returned into Normandie In this seconde yeare of this kings reigne the Queene was deliuered of hir daughter named after hir Maude or Mathilde that was after Empresse of whome by Gods grace ye shall heare more afterwardes in this historie 1102. The king being now rid of forrein trouble was shortly after disquieted with the sedicious attempts of Robert de Belesme earle of Shrewsbury sonne to Hugh before named Simon Dun. Robert de Belesmo Earle of Shrevvsbury who fortified the Castel of Bridge north and an other castel in Wales at a place called Caircoue and also furnished the towne of Shrewsburye with the castels of Arundell and Tickhill which belonged to him in moste substantiall maner Moreouer he sought to win the fauour of the Welchmen with whose ayde he purposed to defende hymselfe against the king in suche vnlawfull enterprises as he ment to take in hand But the king hauing an inklyng wherabout he went streightwayes proclaimed him a traitor wherevpon he got togither such number of Welchmen and Normans as he coulde conueniently come by and with them and his brother Arnolde Stafford vvasted he entred into Staffordshire whiche countrey they forrayed and wasted exceedingly bringing from thence a great bootie of beastes and cattell with some prisoners also which they ledde foorthwyth into Wales where they kepte themselues as in place of greatest safetie A Synode of Bishops Eadmerus After this in the feaste of Saincte Michaell Anselme archbishop of Canterbury held a councell at Westminster at the whiche were present the Archbishop of Yorke with the bishoppes of London Winchester Lincolne Worcester Chester Bathe Norwiche Rochester and two other Bishops lately before electe by the King that is to wit Salisbury and Hereforde the bishop of Excester was absente by reason of sickenesse Abbottes and Priours depriued At this Councel or Synode diuers Abbots and Priours both Frenchmen and Englishmen were depriued of their promotions and benefices by Anselme bicause they had come to them otherwise than he pretended to stand with the decrees of the church M. Paris as the abbottes of Persore Ramsey Tavestock Peterborrow Middleton ▪ Burie and Stoke The cause vvhy they vver depriued H. Hunt Si. Dunelm with the Prior of Ely and others The chiefest cause for which they were depriued was for that they had receyued their inuestures at the kings handes Diuers constitutions were also made by authoritie of this councell but namely thys one Eadmerus Mariage of Priests forbidden That Priests should no more be suffered to haue wiues who were neuer absolutely forbiddē matrimonie in this lande before this tyme. H. Hunt Whiche decree as sayeth Henry of Huntington seemed to some very pure but to some againe very dangerous leaste whilest diuers of those that coueted to professe suche a cleannesse and puritie of lyfe as passed their powers to obserue myghte haply fall into moste horrible vncleannesse to the hygh dishonour of the christian name and offence of the almightie Moreouer Decrees instituted in thys Councell it was decreed in the same Councell That no spirituall person shoulde haue the administration of any temporall office or function nor sitte in iudgement of lyfe and deathe Against prieste that vvere ale house hunters That Priestes shoulde not haunte Alehouses and further that they shoulde weare apparell of one manner of colour and shoes after a comelye fashion for a little before that tyme Archedeaconries Priestes vsed to goe verie vnseemely That no Archdeaconries shoulde bee lette to ferme That euerie Archedeacon shoulde at the leaste receyue the orders of Deacon That none should be admitted to the orders of Subdeacon Subdeacons Priests sonnes withoute profession of chastitie That no Priestes sonnes shoulde succeede their fathers in their benefices That Monkes and Priestes which hadde forsaken theyr orders for the loue of theyr wiues shoulde be excommunicate if they would not retourne to theyr profession agayn That Priestes shoulde weare brode crownes Prefes to vvear That no tythes shoulde be gyuen but to the Church Tythes Benefices Nevv chapel◅ That no benefices shoulde be bought or solde That no newe Chappell 's shoulde bee buylded withoute consente of the Bishoppe That no Churche should be consecrated except prouision were firste had to the mayntenance thereof Consecration of Churches Abbottes and to the minister That Abbots shoulde not make any knightes or men of warre and shoulde sleep and eate within precinct of their owne houses except some necessitie moued them to y e contrary Monkes That no Monks should enioyne penance to any mā without licence of their Abbot and y e Abbots knight not graunt licence but for those of whose soules they had cure That no Monk should be godfather nor Nonne godmother to any mans childe Fermes Personages That Monkes shoulde not hold and occupie any fermes in their hands That no monkes shoulde receyue any personages but at the handes of the Bishop nor shoulde spoyle those which they did receiue in such wise of the profits and reuenewes that Curates which should serue the cures might thereby want necessarie prouision for them selues and the same Churches Contracts That contracts made betwene man and womā without witnesses concerning mariage shoulde bee voyde VVearing of haires if either of them denyed it That suche as did weare their heare long should be neuerthelesse so rounded that parte of theyr eares mighte appeare That kynsefolke myghte not contracte matrimonie within the seuenth degree of consanguinitie That the bodies of the dead should not be buryed but wythin theyr paryshes Buryall leaste the Priest might lose his duetie That no man should vpon some newe rashe deuotion giue reuerence and honour vnto any dead bodies fountaynes of water Fond vvorshipping of dead men or other thyngs withoute the Bishoppes authoritie whych
Canterbury and banished Anselme so that he stayed at Lyons in France for the space of one yere and foure monethes during whiche terme there went many letters and messages to and fro specially the Pope wrote to kyng Henry very courteous letters exhorting him to call Anselme home againe and to release his clayme to the inuestures of bishops The Pope vvriteth curteously to the king Wherevnto he coulde haue no right sith it appertained not to the office of any temporal magistrate adding furthermore if the kyng woulde giue ouer that vngodly and vsurped custome that he wold shewe suche friendly fauour in all thinges as by the sufferance of God in any wyse he mighte be able to performe and further would receyue not onely him but also his young sonne William whiche lately it had pleased God to sende him by his vertuous wyfe Quene Maude into hys protection so that who so euer hurte eyther of them should be thought to hurt the holy churche of Rome In one of the Epistles also whiche the sayde Pope writeth vnto Anselme after that the king was contented to renounce the inuestures aforesaid he willeth Anselme according to y e promise whyche hee had made to assayle as well from sinne as from penaunce due for the same bothe the King and also hys wyfe Queene Maude with all suche persons of honour as in his behalf had trauayled with the kyng to induce hym to be agreeable to his purpose 1104. The Earle of Mellent Moreouer the Earle of Mellent and Rycharde de Riuers the whiche had counselles the kyng to sticke in it at the firste and not to gyue ouer his title to suche inuestures An. regn 5. fith his â—â—ncesters had vsed the so long a time before his dayâ—… by reason whereof in renouncing his ryghte to the same he shoulde doe a thing greately preiudiciall to his royall estate and Princely Maiestie were nowe earneste trauaylers to agree the kyng and the Pope The king persuaded to renounce his title to the inuesture of prelats Eadmâ—…rus and so in the ende the kyng was perswaded by Anselme and them to giue ouer his holde whyche hee performed resignyng the inuestures with staffe and ring notwithstanding that hee still reserued the right of ElectioÌ„s and suche other royalties as otherwyse appertained to hys Maiestie so that suche Bishoppes as had done homage to the kyng were not disabled thereby but quietly permitted to receyue theyr iurisdictions Duke Robert commeth into Englande to visite his brother About this tyme also Roberte Duke of Normandie came into Englande to see his brother and through the sugred wordes and sweete entertaynmeÌ„t shewed to him by the king he released the yerely tribute of .3000 marks whiche he shuld haue had out of the realme by the agrement as before ye haue hearde but â—…hirâ—…ly in deede at the request of the Queene being instructed by hir husbande howe she shoulde vse the matter wyth him that was knowne to be free liberall without any greate consideration what he presentlye graunted After he hadde bene here a certaine tyme and sported him with his brother and sister hee returned into Normandie and shortely after begunne to repente him of his follye in being so liberall as to releasse the foresayde tribute And here vpon also he menaced the king and openly in his reproch sayd that he was craftily circumuented by him and in the ende â—â—atly beguyled There were diuers in Normandie that desired nothing more earnestly than to sette the two brethren at square namely Roberte de Belâ—â—me erle of Shrewsbury VV. Malm. Factious persons practise to set the tvvo brethren at variance and William erle of Morâ—…aigne these two wer banished 〈…〉 Englande â–ª the one that is to say the erle of Shrewsbury by the kings comaundement for his rebellous attempts as before ye haue hearde and the other that is to wit the earle of Mortaigne The erle of Mortaigne left the land of his owne wilful and stubborn minde 〈◊〉 himself only for the hatred which he 〈◊〉 vnto the king â–ª for being not contented with the Earledome of Mortaigne in Normandie and the erledome of Cornwall in England he made suite also for the Earledome of Rent whiche his vncle Odo sometyme helde and bicause he was not only denyed of that his 〈◊〉 but also by order of lawe had certaine parcels of lande taken from him which he wrongfully deceyued he got him into Normandie and there made war both against those places which the king held 〈…〉 and also against other Richard earle of Chester which belonged to Richard erle of Chester who was then vnder gouernment of the king by reason of his minoritie The threatnyng woordes of Duke Roberte commyng at the last to King Henries eares by such as coulde sette them foorth in woorâ—…er sorte than peraduenture they were spoken caused hym foorthwith to conceyue righte high displeasure againste the Duke A povver of men sent into Normandie â–ª in so muche that he sent ouer a power into Normandie whiche fynding no greate resistance did muche hurte in the countrey by fetchyng and carying spoyles and prayes Agayne the Normans rather fauoured than fought to hinder the enterprise of king Henry bicause they sawe howe duke Robert with his foolishe prodigalitie and vndiscreete liberalitie had made away al that belonged to his estate so that of the whole duchie of Normandie hee had not any citie or towne of name left in his owne possession Roan only excepted which he also would haue departed with Gemeticensis if the Citezens would haue consented to any suche alienation King Henry therfore beâ—…ing of the good successe of his men 1105. The K. passeth ouer into Normandie Anno reg 6. St. Dunelm Gemeticensis Polidor passed ouer hymself soone after with a mightie armie 〈◊〉 tooke with small trauaile Eâ—…reur or as other haue Baicus and Cane which cities when he had furnished with sufficient garnisons of men he repassed the sea again into Englande â–ª bycause the wynter began to approche and the wether waxed troublesom for such as lay in the fielde Herevpon duke Robert considering with himself how vnable he was by reason that his people fayled him at nede to resist king Henrie sith the Brytaines also and they of Aniow tooke parte with the sayd king he thoughte good to lay armour aside and to passe ouer into Englande to entreate with him by way of brotherly frendship in full hope by that meanes to auoid this present daunger 1106. which he did But at his arriuall here â–ª he learned howe the king his brother as then was at Northampton An. reg 7. wherfore he hasted thyther and comming to him he made earnest 〈◊〉 for peace beseeching the king in respecte of brotherly loue to graunt the same or if it were that he regarded not the good will of his naturall brother he required him to consider at the leaste wise what appertayned to his accustomed
deceasse he shall deliuer the same Castels vnto the Duke Likewyse by the counsell and aduice of holy Churche Roger de Bussey keepeth the Castell of Oxforde Mota de Oxforde and Iordaine de Bussey the Castell of Lyncolne whiche Roger and Iordaine haue sworne and thereof haue delyuered pledges into the handes of the Archebishop that if I shall chaunce to depart this lyfe they shall render the same Castelles vnto the Duke wythout impeachement The Bishop of Winchester The Bishoppe of Wynchester hath also giuen his fayth in the handes of the Archebishop of Canterburie that if I chance to depart this lyfe he shall render vppe vnto the Duke the Castelles of Wynchester and the Fortresse of Hampton And if any of them vnto whō the custodie of these Fortresses shall bee committed fortune to die or otherwise to depart from his charge and other shall be appoynted to the keeping of the same Fortresse before he shall depart forth therof by the counsaile and aduice of holy church And if any of those persones that haue any Castelles or Fortresses belonging to me in theyr custodie shall bee founde disobedient and rebell I and the Duke shall constraine him to satisfie our wyll and pleasure not leauing hym in rest till he be so constrayned The Archbishops and Bishops of the Realme of England and the Abbots also haue by my commaundement sworne fealtie vnto the Duke and the Bishops and Abbots that hereafter shall be made and aduaunced here within the Realme of Englande shall likewise swere fealtie to him The Archbishops also and Bishops on either part haue vndertaken that if either of vs shall goe from the foresayde couenauntes they shall so long chastice the partie offending with the ecclesiasticall censures tyll he reforme his fault and returne to fulfill and obserue the sayd couenants The mother also of the Duke and his wife and his brethren and subiectes whom he may procure shall likewise assure the premisses In matters belonging to the state of the Realme I shall worke by the Dukes aduice And throughe all the Realme of Englande as well in that part whiche belongeth to the Duke as in that whiche belongeth to mee I shall see that regall Iustice bee executed These beeing witnesses Theobalde Archbishoppe of Canterburie Henry of Wynchester Robert of Excester Robert of Bathe Goceline of Salisburie Robert of Lyncolne Hylarie of Cicester William of Norwiche Richarde of London Nigell of Elie Gylbert of Hereforde Iohn of Worcester Walter of Chester Bishoppes Walter of Rochester Geffray of Saint Asaph Robert Priour of Bermondsey Othon Knight of the Temple William Earle of Cicester Robert Earle of Leycester William Earle of Gloucester Reynalde of Cornewall Baldwyn de Toning Roger de Hereforde Hugh Bygot Patrike de Salisburie William de Albemarle Earle Albericke Roger Clare Rycharde Earle of Pembroke Richarde de Lucie William Martell Rycharde de Humer Reginalde de Warenne Mahaser Biset Iohn de Port Richarde de Cameville Henrie de Essex Yeuen at Westminster Thus farre the Charter and now therefore to proceede with the hystorie This concorde and peaceable agreement surely was most acceptable to all the Commons of Englande An. Reg. 19 who during the time of the warre betwixt the two factions had bene oppressed with many and most grieuous calamities Immediately after Christmasse 1154 Ger. Do ▪ to wit in the Octaues of the Epiphany the king duke Henry met again at Oxforde where all the Earles and Barons of the land being assembled sware fealty vnto Duke Henrie theyr allegeance euer saued due vnto King Stephen as to their soueraigne Lord and supreme gouernor so long as he liued The forme of the peace was nowe ingrossed also and regystred for a perpetuall witnesse of the thing in this yeare .1154 after their account that begin the yeare at Christmasse as about the feast of Saint Hillarie in Ianuarie commonly called the twentie day Thus was Henrie the sonne of the Empresse made the adopted sonne of King Stephen and therevppon the sayde Henrie saluted him as King and named him father After the conclusion of this peace by the power of almightie God all debate ceassed in such wife that the state of the realme of England did maruelously for a time flourish concord being mainteyned on eche hande But now to the purpose Oxford Ger. Do. The king and duke meete 〈◊〉 Dunstable Shortly after that the King and duke Henrie had bene togither at Oxford where they made all things perfite touching the peace and concorde betwixt them concluded they met againe at Dunstable where some clowd of displeasure seemed to darken the bright Sun-shine of the late begonne loue and amitie betwixt those two mightie Princes the king and the duke For where it was accorded among other articles that all the Castels whiche had beene buylt since the dayes of the late king Henrie for euill intents and purposes should be razed throwne downe Articles not performed contrarie therevnto notwithstanding that many of them were ouerthrowne and destroyed to the accomplishment of that article diuerse were through the kings permission suffred to stande and where the duke complayned to the king therof he coulde not gette at that time any redresse which somewhat troubled him but yet bycause hee woulde not giue occasion of any newe trouble nor offende the King to whome as to hys reputed father hee woulde seeme to yeelde all honour and due reuerence he passed it ouer Within a while after The king and duke come to Canterburie the King and hee came to Canterburye where of the Couent of Christes Church they were with Procession solemnly receyued After this in the Lent season they went to Douer where they talked wyth Theodoricke Earle of Flaunders and with the Countesse his wife that was Aunte to Duke Henrie At theyr comming towards Canterburie as it was bruyted the Duke shoulde haue bene murthered through treason of the Flemings y t enuied both the dukes person The enuie of the Flemings also y e peace which he had concluded with the King but see the hap as thys feate shuld haue bin wrought on Berham down William Earle of Northfolke King Stephen hys sonne that was one of the chiefe conspirators fell besyde his Horse and brake his legge so that euery man by that suddayne chaunce was in a mase and came wondering about him Duke Henry herewith getting knowledge of the treason contriued against him or at the least suspecting somewhat got him backe agayne to Caunterbury and so auoyded the present daunger if any were at hand After this takyng his way to Rochester and so to Londō he got him a Shipboord there Duke Henry passeth ouer into Normādy and sayled by long Seas into Normandy where he arriued in safetie His stature He was of a comely stature of a very good cōplection and of great strength of body his qualities of mind were excellent expert in warre gentle curteous and very liberall for though he continued
vnto hym and to his sonne for those landes and possessions in Irelande in manner and forme as was requisite The Cardinall Viuian hauyng dispatched hys businesse in Irelande came backe into Englande and by the Kyngs safeconducte retourned agayne into Scotlande where in a Councell holden at Edenburgh he suspended the Bishoppe of Whiterne bicause he did refuse to come to that Councell But the Bishoppe made no accompte of that suspension hauyng a defence good ynough by the Bishoppe of Yorke whose Suffragane he was After the King had broken vp his Parliament at Oxenford he came to Marleborrough and there graunted vnto Philippe de Breuse all the kingdome of Limerike for the seruice of fortie knights Philip de Breuse for Hubert and WilliaÌ„ the brethren of Reignald earle of Cornewall and Iohn de la Pumeray their nephue refused the gift therof bycause it was not as yet conquered For the kyng thereof surnamed Monoculus that is wyth the one eye who hadde holden that kyngdome of the Kyng of Englande beyng lately slayne one of hys kynsemenne gotte possession of that kingdome and helde it without the acknowledging any subiection to Kyng Henry nor would obeye his officers bycause of the seathes and domages whyche they dyd practise agaynst the Irishe people withoute occasion as they alleadged by reason whereof the Kyng of Corke also rebelled agaynste the Kyng of Englande and hys people and so that Realme was full of trouble Math. Paris Polidor The same season Queene Margaret the wife of King Henry the sonne was deliuered of a man childe which liued not past three dayes In that time there was also through all England a great multitude of Iewes and bycause they hadde no place appoynted them where to bury those that died but only at London they were constreyned to bring al their dead corpses thither from all parties of the Realme To ease them therefore of that inconuenience they obteyned of K. Henry a grant to haue a place assigned them in euery quarter where they dwelled to bury their dead bodies The same yeare was the body of S. Amphibosus the Martir that was instruster to Saint Albone founde not farre from the Towne of Saint Albones and there in the Monasterie of that Towne burled with great and solemne Ceremonies In the meanetyme King Henry transported ouer into Normandy hearing that the old grudge betwixt him and King Lewes began to be renewed vppon this occasion whereas King Henry had receyued the French Kings daughter Alice promised in marriage vnto his sonne Richard to remayne in England with him till shee were able to company with hir husband King Henry being of a dissolute life and giuen much to the pleasure of the body at the least wise as the French King suspected beganne to fantesie the yong Ladye and by suche wanton talke and company keeping as hee vsed with hir hee was thought to haue brought hir to consente vnto hys fleshly will whiche was the cause wherefore hee woulde not suffer that his sonne shoulde marrie hir being not of ripe yeares fitte therevnto Wherevpon the Frenche King gessing howe the matter wente thoughte iustly that suche reproche wroughte againste him in his bloud Rog. Houâ—… was in no wise to be suffered Herevpon therfore he compleined to y e Pope who for redresse thereof sente one Peter a Priest Cardinall entitled of S. Grisogone as Legate from him into Fraunce with coÌ„mission to put Normandy and all the lands that belonged to King Henry vnder inderdiction if he woulde not suffer the marriage to bee solemnised withoute delay betwixte his sonne Richarde and Ales the French Kings daughter The King aduertised heereof The Kings meete at 〈◊〉 came to a communication with the French King at Yvry vpon the .21 of SepteÌ„ber and there offered to cause the marriage to bee solemnised out of haÌ„d if the French King would giue in marriage with his daughter the Citte of Burges with all the appurtenances as it was accorded and also vnto his sonne King Henry the countrey of Veulgesyne that is to say all the lande betwixt Gisors and Pussy as hee had likewise couenaunted but bycause the French King refused so to do King Henry would not suffer his sonne Richarde to marry his daughter Alice but yet at this enternewe of the two Princes by the helpe of the Cardinal and other noble men of both sides they agreed to be friendes and that if they could not take order betwixt them to the end all matters touching the controuersies depending betwixt them for the laÌ„des in Abuergne and Berry and for the fee of Chateau Raoul then should the matter be putte to twelue persons sixe on the one side and sixe on the other authorising them to compound and finish that controuersie and all other whiche mighte rise betwixt them For the French King these were named the Bishoppes of Claremont Neuers and Troys and three Barons Earle Theobald Earle Roberte and Peter de Courtney the Kings breethren For the Kyng of England were named the Bishops of Mauns Peregort and Nauntes with three Barons also Maurice de Croum William Maigot and Peter de Mount rabell At the same time also both these kings promised and vndertooke to ioyne their powers togither and to goe into the holy land to ayde Guido King of Ierusalem whome the Sarazen Saladine King of Egipte did sore oppresse with continuall and most cruell warre This done the Frenche King returned home and King Henry came to Vernueil where hee made this ordinance â—…og Houe â—…lawe that no man shoulde trouble the vassall or tennant as we may cal them for his Lords debt After this King Henry went into Berry and tooke Chateau Roux or Raoul and marchyng towards Castre the Lorde of that towne came met him on the way surrendring into his handes the daughter of Raufe de Dolis lately before deceassed whome the King gaue vnto Baldwine de Riuers with the honor of Chateau Roux or Raoul Then weÌ„t he vnto Graundemont where Andebert Erle of March came vnto him and sold to him the whole countrey of March for the suÌ„me of fifteene thousande lb Aniouyn â—…he purchase 〈◊〉 the Erleâ—… of march twentie mules and twentie palfreys The Charters of this grant and sale made and giuen vnder the seale of y e sayd Earle of March bare date in the moneth of September Anno Christi .1177 And then did the king receyue the fealtie and homages of all the BaroÌ„s and Knightes of the countrey of March after hee had satisfied â—…n reg 24. contented and payde the money vnto the Earle according to the couenauntes 1178 The King this yeare helde his Christmas at Angiers and meaning shortly after to returne into Englande he sent to the Frenche King for letters of protection which were graunted and sente to him in forme as followeth 〈◊〉 tenour of French 〈◊〉 letters â—â—otection Ludouicus rex Francorum omnibus ad quos presentes literae peruenerint Salutem Nouerit
ouer vnto Caleys wher he found Philippe Earle of Flaunders readie to receyue hym who attended vppon him tyll he came into Normandie where the kyng helde his Christmasse at Burun immediately he came to an enterviewe with the French king at Eue S. Remye 1190. Vadum sancti Remigit A league betvvixt the kinges of England and Fraunce where they concluded a peace together to bee kepte betwixte them and their countreys on eche parte the whiche was put in writyng and confirmed with their othes and seales in the feast of Saincte Hillarye And furthermore aboute the Purification of our Ladye Eleanor the Queene mother and the Lady Alice sister to the French kyng Rog. Houede Baldwyne the Archebishop of Canterbury Iohn bishoppe of Norwiche Hugh Bishop of Durham Geffrey Byshoppe of Wynchester Reginalde Bishoppe of Bathe William Bishoppe of Elye Huberte Bishoppe of Salisburye and Hugh Bishoppe of Chester with Geffreye the electe of Yorke and Iohn Earle of Mortaigne the kynges two bretherne by commaundement of the Kyng passed ouer into Normandye to commen with him before his setting forwarde Some write that nowe at this presente the Kyng shoulde ordeyne or rather confirme the Bishoppe of Elye his Chauncellour to be Lorde chiefe Iustice ouer all Englande and the bishop of Durham to bee Lorde Iustice from Trente Northwardes But when soeuer they were thus aduaunced to suche dignities Contētion betvvixte tvvo ambitious Byshops true it is that immediatly thervpon stryfe and discorde did aryse betwixt them contending which of them shuld bearemost rule authoritie in so muche y t what soeuer seemed good to the one the other mislyked therof as in cases where parteners in authoritie are equall it often hapneth But those controuersies are nowe decided and all matters betweene them lykely hereafter to moue contention appeased by the king Moreouer at the same time he caused his two brethren Earle Iohn and the Electe Archbishop of Yorke Geffrey to take an othe not to return into England during the terme of .iij. yeres next ensuing without his consent licence first had This he didde foreseeing what myghte happen prouiding as it were agaynste suche practises as his brethren might haply attempt against him But yet his mother Queene Eleanor procured him to reuoke that decree immediatly least it myght seeme to the world that hir sons should stande in feare one of an other Earle Iohn licenced to returne into Englande And so the Erle of Mortaigne was licenced to returne into England at his pleasure swearing an othe at his departure to obey the kings pleasure and truly to serue hym accordyng to the duetie of a good and loyal subiect The Bishop of Ely lord Chauncellor and chiefe Iustice of Englande was also sent back hyther into this realme to set forward thyngs behouefull for the kings iourney And in like maner the king sent to Rome to obteyn that the said bishop of Ely mighte be constituted the Popes Legate through bothe the Prouinces of Canterbury and Yorke The bishop of of Elye returneth and likewyse thorough Wales and Ireland Which was soone granted by the bulles of Pope Clement the third bearing date the .v. of Iune For the which office the Bishops gaue him .1500 markes to the greate offence of the king as he shewed afterward to Cardinal Octauiā y e came to visit him when he arriued in the riuer of Tyber being vpon his iorney towards Messina as after may appere But in y e mean time calling togither y e lords peeres of those his dominions on y e side the sea to wit Polidor Normādie Britain Aniou Poytou Guyen he cōsulteth with them what number of soldiors and howe many shippes it should bee conuenient for hym to take with hym and furnishe into Asia and herewith he dothe commaunde them also to obey Robert Earle of Leycester whome he appointed to remayn amongst them as his Lieutenaunt or vicegerent of those parties during his absence But here to leaue king Richard in consultation for matters apertayning to his iourney and shewe briefly what happened by the way to the Iewes whiche as then dwelt here in Englande after that king Richarde was passed ouer into Normandie Ye haue hearde alreadie howe after the ryotte committed againste them at London VVil. Paruus when the king was crowned the king toke order that they should remayn in peace vnder his protection and commaunded that no person shoulde in any wise molest them But nowe after that he was gone ouer and that the Souldiours whiche prepared themselues to follow him beganne to assemble in routes the heades of the common people began to waxe wylde The hatred borne to the Ievves and fayne would they haue had some occasion of reysing a newe tumulte agaynst the Iewes whome for theyr vnmercyfull vsurye practised to the vndoyng of many an honest man they moste deadly hated wyshing most earnestly their expulsion out of Englande Herevpon by reason of a riot committed lately against them at the towne of Linne in Norfolke where many of them were slayne other people in other partyes of the Realme takyng occasion hereof as if they hadde bin called vp by the sounde of a bell or Trumpette arose agaynst them in those Townes where they had any habitations and robbed and bet them after a disordered and most riottous manner On the morowe those that were saued called out to the people and not onely shewed how and after what sorte their fellowes were dispatched but also offred to bee baptysed and forsake theyr Iudaisme if they myght haue theyr liues saued from the imminent and present daunger wherein they sawe themselues to be wrapped thorough the furie of the people To be short thys thyng was graunted and they came foorthe howbrit they were no sooner entred into the prease but they were all slayne and not one man of them preserued After this also the people ranne to the Cathedrall Churche and broke into those places where theyr bondes and oblygations laye by the whyche they hadde dyuers of the Kynges subiectes bounde vnto them in moste vnconscionable sorte and for suche detestable vsurye as if the Authours that wryte therof were not of credite would hardly be beleeued All whyche Euydences or bondes they solemnely burned in the myddest of the Churche After whyche eche went his way the Souldiours to the king and the commons to their houses and so was the Citie quieted This hapned at Yorke on Palmsunday men being the .xvij. of Marche and vpon the .xv. of that moneth those that inhabited in the towne of Saint Edmunds Burye in Suffolke were sette vppon and manie of them slayne The residue that escaped thorough the procuremense of the Abbotte then named Sampson were expulsed so that they neuer had anye dwellings there since that tyme. Thus were the Iewes vnmercyfully dealte with in all places in maner through this realme the first beginning wherof chaunced at London as before ye haue heard and the next at
authoritie to cause Lewes to stay his iorney and not to succor those rebels in Englande which he had alreadie excommunicated The Pope desirous to helpe king Iohn in all that he might bycause he was now his Vassall An. 〈…〉 Cardiâ—… Guâ—…lo Maâ—… sent his Legate Gualo into Fraunce to disswade king Philip from taking any enterprise in hande against the king of England The 〈◊〉 kings â—…tions 〈◊〉 Popes 〈◊〉 Gualâ—… But king Philip though he was content to heare what the Legate coulde say yet by no meanes he coulde be turned from the execution of his purpose alledging that king Iohn was not the lawful king of England hauing first vsurped taken it away from his nephew Arthur the lawful inheritor And that now sithence as an enimie to his owne royall dignity he had giuen the right of his sayde kingdome away to the Pope which he could not do without consent of his nobles 〈◊〉 VVest And therefore thorow his owne fault he was worthily depriued of all hys kingly honour 〈◊〉 Par. For the kingdome of Englande saith he neuer belonged to the patrimonie of S. Peter nor at any tyme shall for admit that hee were rightfull king yet neyther he nor any other Prince may giue away his kingdome withoute the assent of his Barons which are bounde to defende the same and the prerogatiue royall to the vttermost of their powers Furthermore saith he if the Pope do meane to maintaine this error he shall giue a perilous example to al kingdome of the worlde Herewithall the nobles of France 〈◊〉 present protested also with one voyce that in defence of this article they would stand vnto death which is that no king or prince at his will and pleasure might giue away his kingdom or make it tributarie to any other poâ—…tate whereby the Nobles shoulde become thrall or subiect to a forrain gouernor These things were done at Lions in the quindene after Easter On the morrow following being the .xxvj. of Aprill by his fathers procuremeÌ„t Lewes came into the Councell Chamber and with frowning looke behelde the Legate â—…es the â—…ch kings â—…e mainteiâ—… his preâ—…ed title to â—…rowne of â—…ande where by his procurator he defended the cause that moued him to take vppon him this iourney into Englande disprouing not onely the right which king Iohn had to the crowne but also alledging his owne interest not only by his new election of the barons but also in the title of his wife whose mother the Queene of Castile remayned only in life of all the brethren sisters of Henry the second late king of England as ye before haue heard The Legate made answere herevnto that king Iohn had taken vpon him the Crosse as one appoynted to goe to warre agaynst Gods enimies in the holy land 〈◊〉 priuilege â—…ose that â—…e vpon the crosse wherfore he ought by decree of the general CouÌ„cell to haue peace for foure yeares to come and to remaine in suretie vnder protection of the Apostolike Sea But Lewes replied thereto that king Iohn had first inuaded by warre his Castels and landes in Picardy and wasted the same as Buncham castell Liens with the countie of Guisnes which belonged to the fee of the sayd Lewes But these reasons notwithstanding 〈◊〉 Paris the Legate warned the French king on paine of cursing not to suffer his sonne to goe into Englande and likewise hys sonne that he should not presume to take the iorney in hand But Lewes hearing this declared that his father had nothing to do to forbid him to prosecute his right in y e realm of England which was not holden of him And therefore he required his father not to hinder his purpose in such things which belonged nothing to him but rather to lycence him to seake the recouery of his wines right which he â—…ent to pursue with perâ—…ll of life if 〈◊〉 should require The Legate perceyuing he coulde not preuaile in his sute made to k. Philip thought that he would not spend time longer in vaine in further treating with him but sped him forth into England obteining yet a safecoÌ„duct of the french king to passe through his realme â–ª The French kings sonne sendeth to the Pope Lewes in like maner purposing by all meanes to preueÌ„t the Legate first dispatched forth Ambassadors in aâ—…ast vnto the Court of Rome to excuse himselfe to the Pope and to render the reasons that most specially moued him to proceede forwarde in his aâ—…erprise against king Iohn being called by the Barons of England to take the crowne thereof vpon him And this done with all coâ—…hieâ—…e speed he came downe to Calice He commeth to Calice where be found 〈◊〉 ships wel appointed and trimmed which Enstate â—…urnamed the Monke had gathered and prepared there readie agaynst his comming King Iohn about the same time that Lewes thus arriued came to Douer meaning to fight with his aduersaâ—…yes by the way as they shoulde come forwarde towardes London But yet vpon other aduisement taken he chaunged his purpose Mat. Par. bycause hee putte some doubt in the Flemings and other straungers of whome the most part of his armye consisted bycause hee knewe that they hated the Frenche men no more than they did the English Therefore furnishing the Castell of Douer with men munition and vittails he left it in the keeping of Hubert or Burgh a man of notable prowes and valiancie and returned himselfe vnto Canterburie and froÌ„ thence tooke the high way towardes Winchester Lewes being aduertised that king Iohn was retyred out of Kent passed through the countrey without any encounter and wanne al the castels and holdes as he went but Douer he coulde not wynne At his comming to Rochester he layde siege to the castel there wan it Rochester â—…stell wâ—… causing at the straungers that were found within it to be hanged Lewes commeth to London This done he came to London and there receyued the homage of those Lordes and gentlemen whiche had not yet done theyr homage to him at Sandwich And he on the other part toke an othe to mainteyn and performe the old lawes and customes of the realme and to restore to euerie man his rightfull heritage and landes requyring the Barons furthermore to continue faythfull towardes him assuring them to bring things so to passe that the realme of Englande shoulde recouer the former dignitie and they their auncient liberties Moreouer hee vsed them so courteously gaue them so fayre wordes and made such large promises that they beleeued him with all theyr heartes And the rumor of this his outward courtesie being once spred through the Realme caused great numbers of people to come flocking to him amongst whoÌ„ there were diuerse of those which before had taken part with king Iohn as William Erle Warren Noble men reuolting froÌ„ king Iohn vnto Lewes William erle of Arundell William Earle of Salisburie William Marshall the yonger and diuerse other supposing verily
the said Dauid with other lands in some other pâ—…e y t which after the decesse of the said Llewlin or Dauid should reuert agayne to the Kyng and his heyres â–ª For the assuraunce of whiche articles and couenaunts the Prince deliuered for hostages tenne persons of the best in Wales whiche he coulde get without imprisonment disenheriting or terme of deliuerance and of euery Candred twentye persones of the beste and moste sufficient to be chosen by suche as the Kyng shall thither yearely send â—… othe to be receyued shall be from yeare to yeare sworne vpon the Euangelists in presence of the bailifs of the said Llewellin that whensoeuer the Prince shal breake any of these articles vpon admonition doth not reforme hymselfe they shall forsake hym and in all thinges he vnto hym open enimies Also besides this the Prince shall as farre as in him may lie Llevvellines brethren pacifie his brethren of the which he had put two in prison Owen and Roderik the thirde named Dauid escaping his handes fled into England and remained many yeares wyth King Edward who receyuing him into his seruice Dauid revvarded by Kyng Edvvard made him knight in this warre and gaue vnto him a castel at Denbigh in Wales wyth landes to the yearely value of a thousande markes in recompeÌ„ce of those possessions whiche he ought to haue had in Anglesey the which as before is said the king graunted vnto Llowellin for terme of his life and after his decesse to reuert vnto the Kyng and to his heyres Moreouer Dauid preferred in marriage he preferred Dauid to the mariage of a loylie widowe that was daughter to the Erle of Darby The article coÌ„cerning Ovven As concerning Owen through the Kyngs fauour he was deliuered out of prison by force of y e articles concluded at this present by the comissioners vnder this forme and maner that vppon his being set at libertie certayne persons appoynted by the Kyng shoulde make offer to hym to chose whether he would firste compounde wyth his brother and thervppon come to the Kyng and beseeche hym to allowe the composition or else to put hymselfe vnder the safe keeping of the King till according to the lawes and customes of Wales in the place where he did transgresse iudgement should be giuen of the matter And if he were acquitte then mighte hee demaunde his heritage if he thought it so expedient and which of these two wayes he shuld chose the same shuld be made firme and stable in the kyngs presence All these articles with other additions were accorded by the saide commissioners at Aberconwey the Tuesday before the feast of saint Martin in the yere 1277. and letters of confirmatioÌ„ made therof by the king dated at Rutlande the tenth daye of Nouember in the fifth yeare of his raigne Also the saide Llewellin by the name of Llewellin ap Griffyn prince of Wales with letters vnder his seale confirmed the abouesaid articles on his behalf for y e releasing of his right to the foure Cantredes other things that shuld remain vnto the king whiche letters hare date at Abeacouwer the 〈◊〉 Tuesday in the saide yere 1277. Also the king released vnto the said Llewellin the saide him of .l. M. poundes and the said summe of a M. markes yearely to be payde for the Isle of Anglesey as by his letters dated at â—…tlaÌ„d y e said tenthe daye of Nouember in the saide v. yeare of his raigne more at large it appeareth Yet neuerthelesse by his letters dated at Rutlande the saide .xj. of the saide moneth of Nouember 〈◊〉 is euident that he receyued of the saide Llewellin the â—…me of .ij. M. markes 〈…〉 the hands of Thomas Beke 〈◊〉 of his â—…robe The 〈…〉 Moreouer the Kâ—… in the west parte of Wales buylt at the 〈◊〉 tyme a caâ—… of â—…perdenaâ—… to kepe vnder y e rebellâ—…ousâ—… attempts of the Welcheman An. reg â—… 127â—… Llewâ—… vvisâ—… to 〈…〉 Kyng Edwâ—… gaue in mariage by way of â—…stitution vnto the â—…ereâ—…â—…bred Llewellin Prince of Wales the 〈◊〉 of Leicesters daughter which was takeÌ„ as ye haue hearde at the Isle of Sâ—…y He 〈…〉 all the charges of the fâ—… as the daye of 〈◊〉 marriage and honoured the saint with the presence of himselfe and of the Queene 〈…〉 of y e .xx. parte of euery mans goods was graâ—…â—… to the Kyng towards his chargeâ—… 〈◊〉 in the Welche waâ—…s Moâ—… couetous 〈◊〉 yeare of his raigne kyng Edward helde a parliameÌ„t at Glocester 〈…〉 in the which 〈…〉 actes and â—…tatutes made for the wâ—… 〈◊〉 gouernment of the 〈◊〉 which vnto this â—…y or called the statutes of Gloucester Alexander kyng of Scottes 〈◊〉 into England to comâ—… with king Edward of masters â—…ing his kyngdome of Scotlande Shortely after kyng Edwarde went ouer into Fraunce and there receyued certayne Townes that were reshâ—… to hym but not the mottys of those that were promised to his father when he 〈◊〉 his title vnto the Duchte of Normandie Roberte Kilwarâ—…y Archebishoppe of Canterbury was by pope Nicholâ—…s adâ—… to the dignitie of a Cardinall 〈…〉 and made Byshoppe of Portua so that he went to Rome and gaue ouer the archbyshopricke of Canterbury Iohn Pâ—… Archbiâ—… of Yâ—… toâ—… which throughe the Popes graunt â—…e Iohn Peckham was admitted Archebishoppe This yere ther was inquirie made in LoÌ„don for such as had clipped 〈…〉 washed counter fâ—…ed the â—…ings coigne wherevppon the Iewes of the 〈◊〉 dyuers goldsmiâ—…hes that kepte the Exchange of siluer were endued An. reg 7. N. Triues and after to the number of .ij. C. lxxxxvij persons were condemâ—…ned in diuers places put to execution There were but .iij. Englishemen among them all the residue were Iewes but dyuers Christians that were participaâ—…te with them in theyr offences wer put to their fines not without â—…e About the same time â—…ro Dunst y e Kyng recouered all suche sherifs as were either priestes or stâ—…ngers 〈◊〉 theyr places appoynted knyghts to be shâ—…riffes y t were of y e same countrey where there offâ—…s lay Moreouer about this season king Edward builded y e castell of Fâ—…t â—…e castells of â—…nt Rutâ—…â—…ayâ—… fortified y e castell of Rutland others placing garisons of english meÌ„ in the same to defende y e câ—…y 〈◊〉 kepe y e Welchâ—…eÌ„ vnder obedience 1279 But 〈◊〉 so smally regarded all couenaÌ„ts made 〈◊〉 benefites receiued that shortly after vpon the drath of his late manyed wife being sâ—…â—…to come to 〈◊〉 parliament holden by king Edward he disdained to obey â—…evvellin beâ—…eth nevve â—…arre vpon a very spite he gâ—… to make new warre to the EnglishmeÌ„ in wasting destroying y e countrey but being put in feare with y e Kings comming towards him w t his power â—… sâ—…eth for 〈◊〉 he laid armor aside begaÌ„e ftâ—…nes to reâ—…re peace which the king now y e second time did not deny to graunt
shoutes and clapping of hands The Lordes were shortly aduertised of the louing consente whiche the commons frankely and freely of their owne free willes had gyuen wherevpon incontinently they all with a conuenient number of the most substanciall commons repayred to Baynards Castell makyng iust and true reporte of their election and admission and the louing assent of the commons The Earle after long pausing first thanked God of his greate grace and benefite then towards him shewed and the Lords and coÌ„mons also for their hartie fauoure and assured fidelitie notwithstanding like a wise Prince he alledged his insufficiencie for so great a roomth weightie burthen as lacke of knowledge want of experience and diuers other qualities to a gouernour apperteining but yet in conclusion beyng perswaded by the Archbyshop of Caunterburie the Byshoppe of Exeter and other Lordes then presente The Earle of Marche taketh vpon 〈◊〉 as King hee agreed to their petition and tooke vpon him the charge of the Kingdome as forfeited to him by breache of couenauntes established in Parliamente on the behalfe of Kyng Henry But now before we proceede any further sith the raigne of King Henrye may seeme heere to take ende we will specifie some such learned meÌ„ as liued in his time Iohn Leland surnamed the rider in respect of the other Iohn Leland that paynefull antiquarie of our time wrote dyuers treatises for the instruction of Grammarians Iohn Haynton a Carmelite or white Friet as they called them of Lincolne Roberte Colman a Frantiscane Frier of Norwich and Chancellor of the Vniuersitie of Oxford WilliaÌ„ White a Priest of Kent professing y e doctrine of Wicklife and forsaking the order of the Romayne Churche married a wife but continued his office of Preaching till at length in the yeare 1428. he was apprehended and by William B. of Norwiche and the Doctors of the Friers Mendicantes charged with thirtie articles which he maynteyned contrarie to the doctrine of the Romane Church then in vse and in September the same yeare suffered death by fire Alexander Carpenter a learned man set forthe a Booke called Destructorium Vitiorum wherin he enueygheth against the Prelates of the Churche of that time for their crueltie vsed in persecuting the poore and godly Christians Richarde Kendale an excellente Gramarian Iohn Bate Warden of the white Friers in Yorke but borne in the bordures of Wales an excellent Philosopher and a diuine he was also seene in y e Greeke tong a thing rare in those dayes Peter Basset Esquier of the priuie chamber to King Henrye the fifth whose life he wrote Iohn Pole a priest that wrote the life of S. Walburgh daughter to one Richard a noble man of this Realme of Englande whiche Walburg as hee affirmeth builded our Lady Churche in Andwerp Thomas Ismaelite a Monke of Sion Walter Hilton a Chartreaux Monke also of Sheene eyther of these wrote certaine treatises full of superstition as Iohn Bale noteth Tho. Walden so called of the Towne where he was borne but his fathers surname was Netter a white Frier of London and the three and twentith prouinciall gouernour of his order a man vndoubtedly learned and throughly furnished with cunning of the Scholes but a sore enimie to them y t professed the doctrine of Wicklife writing sundrye greate volumes and treatises againste them hee dyed at Rouen in Normandie the seconde of Nouember in the yere .1430 Richard Vllerston borne in Lancashire wrote diuers treatises of Diuinitie Peter Clearke a student in Oxforde and a defender of Wicklifes doctrine wherevpoÌ„ when he feared persecution heere in England he fled into Bohenie but yet at length he was apprehended by the Imperialistes and dyed for it as some write Fabian and Caxton but in what order is not expressed Roberte Hownde slow a religious man of an house in Howndeslow beside London wherof he tooke his surname Thomas WalsinghaÌ„ borne in Northfolke in a Towne there of the same name but professed a Monke in the Abbey of Sainte Albons a diligente historiciâ—…ie Iohn Tilney a white Frier of Yermouths but a student in Cambridge and proued an excellent diuine Richarde Fleming a Doctor of diuinitie professed in Oxford and by the King aduanced to the gouernement of the Bishopricke of Lincolne he founded Lincolne colledge in Oxford in which Vniuersitie he had bin studente Iohn Lowe borne in Worcestershire an Augustine Frier a Doctor of diuinitie and prouinciall in England of his order and by King Henry the sixth made firste Bishop of Saint Assaph and after remoued from thence to Rochester Thomas Ringstede the yonger not the same y t was Byshop but a doctor of the lawe and Vicar of Mildenhall in Suffolke a notable preacher and wrote diuers treatises Iohn Felton a doctor of Diuinitie of Magdalene Colledge in Oxforde Nicholas Botlesham a Carmelite Frier borne in Cambridgeshire and student firste in the Vniuersitie of Cambridge and after in Paris where he proceeded Doctor of Diuinitie Thomas Rudburne a Monke of Winchester and an Historiographer Iohn Holbroke borne in Surrey a greate Philosopher and well seene in the Mathematikes Peter Paine an earnest professor of Wiclifes doctrine and fearing persecution heere in England fled into Boheme where he remained in great estimation for his greate learning and no lesse wisedome Nicholas Vpton a Ciuilian wrote of Heraldry of colours in armorie and of the duetie of chiualrie William Beckley a Carmelite Frier of Sandwich and warden of the house there a diuine and professed degree of Schole in Cambridge Iohn Torp a Carmelite Frier of Norwiche Iohn Capgraue borne in Kent an Augustine Frier proceeded Doctor of diuinitie in Oxforde was admitted prouinciall of his order and proued without controuersie the best learned of anye of that order of Friers heere in England as Iohn Bale affirmeth hee wrote manye notable volumes and finally departed this life at Lynne in Northfolke the twelfth of August in the yere 1464. which was in the fourth yeare of K. Edward the fourth Humfrey Duke of Gloucester Earle of Pembroke and Lorde Chamberlaine of Englande also protector of the Realme during the minoritie of his nephew King Henrye the sixth was both a greate fauourer of learned men and also very well learned himselfe namely in Astrologie whereof beside other things hee wrote a speciall treatise entituled Tabula directionum Iohn Whethamsted otherwise called Frumentarius was Abbot of Sainte Alboâ—…s and highly in fauoure with the good Duke of Gloucester last remeÌ„bred hee wrote diuers treatises and among other a booke as it were of records of things chancing whilest he was Abbot whiche booke I haue seene and partly in some parcell of this Kings time haue also followed Roger Onley borne in the West countrey as Bale thinketh was acensed of treason for practising with the Ladye Eleanor Cobham by sorcerie to make the King away and was therof condemned and dyed for it though he were innocent therof as some haue thought he wrote a treatise entituled Contra vulgi supersâ—…iones
Whervpon the wiser men perceyuing suche a number of weapons and that great perill was not vnlike to ensue by suche apparance of late not accustomed woulde not bee present at the Sermon by reason whereof there was left a small auditorie Wherefore afterwarde there was a commaundement giuen by the Lorde Maior that the auncients of the companies shoulde be present at the nexte Sermon in their liueries and so they were whereby all became quiet The xviij of August next folowing The Duke of Northumberland arreigned the Duke of Northumberlande the Lorde Marques of Northampton and the Earle of Warwicke sonne and heire to the sayd Duke were brought into Westminster hall and there arreygned of highe treason before Thomas Duke of Norfolke high Stewarde of Englande The Duke of Northumberland at his comming to the barre vsed great reuerence towards the Iudges and protesting his faith and allegiance to the Queenes maiestie whome he confessed grieuously to haue offended he sayde that he ment not to speake any thing in defence of his facte but woulde first vnderstande the opinion of the Court in two points first whether a man doing any act by authoritie of the Princes counsayle and by warrant of the great seale of Englande and doing nothing without the same maye be charged with treason for anye thing which he might do by warrant therof Secondly whether any suche persons as were equallye culpable in that crime and those by whose letters and commaundementes he was directed in all his doings might be his iudges or passe vppon his triall as his peeres Wherevnto was answered that as concerning the first the great seale which he layde for his warrant was not the seale of the lawfull queene of the Realme nor passed by authoritie but the seale of an vsurper and therefore coulde be no warrant to him As to the seconde it was alledged that if any were as deepely to be touched in that case as himselfe yet so long as no atteyndor were of recorde against them they were neuerthelesse persons able in lawe to passe vpon any triall and not to be chalenged therefore but at the Princes pleasure After whiche aunswere the Duke vsing a fewe wordes declaring his earnest repentaunce in the case for he sawe that to stande vpon vttering any reasonable matter as might seeme woulde little preuayle he moued the Duke of Norffolke to bee a meane to the Queene for mercie without further answere confessed the inditement by whose example the other prisoners arreygned with him did likewise confesse the inditementes produced against them and therevpon had iudgement The xix of August Sir Andrewe Dudley Sir Iohn Gates and Sir Henrie Gates brethren and Sir Thomas Palmer Knightes were arreygned at Westminster and confessing their inditements had iudgemēt which was pronounced by the Marques of Winchester high Treasurer of Englande that sate that day as chiefe Iustice The Duke of Northumberland beheaded The xxij of the sayde moneth of August the sayde Duke Sir Iohn Gates and Sir Thomas Palmer were executed at the tower hill and all the rest shortlye after had their pardons graunted by the Queene who as it was thought coulde also haue bene contented to haue pardoned the Duke as well as the other for the speciall fauour that she had borne to him afore time The Archbishop of Canterburie committed to the tower Soone after this Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterburie and late before of King Edwards priuie Counsayle was committed to the tower of London being charged of treason not onely for giuing aduise to the dishinheriting of Queene Marie but also for ayding the D. of Northumberlande with certayne horse and men against the Queene in the quarrell of the Ladie Iane of Suffolke The last day of September next following the Queene passed from the tower through the Citie of London vnto Westminster Queene Marie crowned and the next daye being the first of October shee was crowned at Westminster by Stephen Gardiner Bishop of Winchester for the Archbishops of Caunterburie and Yorke were then prisoners in the tower as before yee haue hearde at the time of whose coronation there was published a generall pardon in hir name being interlaced with so manye exceptions A pardon with exceptions as they they needed the same most tooke smallest benefite thereby In which were excepted by name no smal number not onely of Bishops and other of the Clergie namely the Archbishops of Caunterburie and Yorke the Bishop of London but also many Lordes Knightes and Gentlemenne of the laytie beside the two chiefe Iustices of Englande called Sir Edwarde Mountague and Sir Roger Cholmeley and some other learned men in the lawe for counsayling or at the least consenting to the depriuation of Queene Marie and ayding of the foresayde Duke of Northumberlande in the pretensed right of the afore named Ladie Iane the names of whiche persons so being excepted I haue omitted for shortnesse sake Assoone as this pardon was publyshed and the solemnitie of the feast of the Coronation ended Commissioners there were certayne Commissioners assigned to take order with all such persons as were excepted out of the pardon and others to compounde with the Queene for their seuerall offences which Commissioners sate at the Deane of Paules his house at the west ende of Paules Church and there called afore them the sayde persons apart and from some they tooke their fees and offices graunted before by King Edwarde the sixth and yet neuerthelesse putting them to their fines and some they committed to warde depriuing them of their states and liuings so that for the time to those that tasted thereof it seemed verye grieuous God deliuer vs from incurring the lyke daunger of lawe agayne The v. daye of October next following A Parliament the Queene helde hir highe Court of Parliament at Westminster which continued vntill the xxj day of the sayde moneth In the first session of whiche Parliament there passed no more Actes but one and that was to declare Queene Marie lawfull heire in discent to the crowne of Englande by the common lawes next after hir brother king Edwarde Treason Felonie Premunire and to repeale certaine causes of treason felonie and premunire contayned in diuerse former Statutes the whiche acte of Repeale was for that Cardinall Poole was especiallye looked for as after ye shall heare for the reducing of the Church of Englande to the Popes obedience and to the ende that the sayde Cardinall nowe called into Englande from Rome might holde his Courtes Legantine withoute the daunger of the Statutes of the Premunire made in that case wherevnto Cardinall Wolsey when he was Legate had incurred to his no small losse and to the charge of all the Clergie of Englande for exercising the like power the which acte being once passed forthwith the Queene repayred to the Parliament house The Parliament proroged and gaue therevnto hir royall assent and then proroged the Parliament vnto the xxiiij day of the sayde Moneth In
in Fraunce 178.44 Adrian made Abbot of the Monasterie of S. Augustines 178.51 Adrian Abbot excellent well learned 178.85 Adrian buildeth a wal between the Britaines and Scotes 76.49 Adrian the Emperour passeth ouer into Britaine and quieteth the Iland 76.41 Adelwold fleeth into Northumberland to the Danes 219.101 Adelwold entereth the parties of the East Angles with a nauie of the Danes 220.19 Adelwold and many of hys Danes slayne 220.44 Adelwold brother to King Edward surnamed the Elder taketh y e towne of Winbourne maryeth a NuÌ„ne 219.94 Adelme succeedeth Pleymond in the Archbyshoprick of CaÌ„torburie 224.8 Adelme Erle moueth a rebellion against Cuthred King of West Saxons 193.71 Adeline with his armie of rebelles discomfited and pardoned 193.79 Adelward put to death 260.43 Adelwold King of Sussex 176.89 Adelwold byshop of Winchester â—…34 19 Adrian refuseth to be made Archbyshop of Cantorburie 178.8 Adelstane sonne to king Edward borne 222.113 Adelstane ordeyned Byshop of Saint Germans in Cornwall 223.56 Adolfe Earle of Bulleigne 225.102 Adulfe rebelling is expulsed out of Northumberlande 224.53 Adulfe succeedeth Edelwald in the kingdome of Eastangles 177.4 Adnothus slaine in battayle by Godwyn and Edmond the great 299.28 Adarstone a little towne page 1415. col 1. line 37. page 1416. col 2. line 27. Aduentrers 1522.5 1529.10 1531.30 34. their ende 1533. Adethelme Erle slayne by the Danes 206.83 Aduersitie promiseth more theÌ„ prosperitie meaneth to performe 27â—… 64 Adam Byshop of Hereford arested 873.53 b. his Oration to the armie 879.16 b Adela sister to king Henrie the first marryed to Stephen Earle of Bloys 354.113 Adela wife to king Richard the first forsaken and sent home 475.15 491.5 Adela daughter to the French King giuen in mariage to Richard sonne to King Henrie the second 438.116 Adam Banester hanged 854.19 a. Adeline ordeyned Byshop of Welles 223.57 Adeliza daughter to Duke William of NormaÌ„die 283. â—…5 Ada the sonne of Ida created King of Brenitia 140.59 Adelicia daughter to the Duke of Lorâ—â—yne marryed to king Henrie the first 358.26 Aeâ—…wooâ—…e looke Eltwold Aetius put to death 121.63 Aetius gouernour of Fraunce vnder Honorius the Emperour 101.47 Affrica alotted vnto Cham. 1.77 Agriculas gouernment â—â—â—th commended 69.9 Agricula sent Lieutenant into Britaine 68.57 Agricolas fame groweth by neglecting it 69.4 Agricola 〈◊〉 â—â—mmaunded home to Rome by Domitianus 73.69 Age of king Iohn 543.26 Age of Arthur Duke of Britaine 543.27 Ager Anthonie knight is slaine fighting valiantly 1771.30 Agilbertus returneth into Fraunce and is made Byshop of Paris 171.74 Aguell Henrie drowned in a tempest 411.94 Agnexus and Hubbo brethren chosen captaines of y Danes 210.77 Agnes daughter to Hugh le Grand Earle of Paris maried to Richard the seconde Duke of Normandie 288.116 Ages of the realme of England as the state thereof was vnder certaine Princes 237.94 Agencourt battell page 1178 col 2. line 14. Aganippus one of the Princes of Fraunce marrieth Corddilla youngest daughter to Leix 19.113 Agendis recouered from the Frenche 876.38 b. Agatha daughter to Henrie the Emperour marryed to Edward sonne to king Edmond 259.34 Agnes hote burning vexe the people in England 242.15 Aganippus passeth into Britaine with an armie and restoreth Leiâ—… to his kingdome 20.41 Agelnothus Abbot of Glastenburie 297.13 Agathyrses otherwise called Pictes 13.89 Agilbeetus Byshop commeth into England 171.61 Ayre appeareth red and burning 353.29 Apre Riuar page 1310. col 2. line 40. Aiguillon beseged by the FreÌ„chmen 928.7 b. Aimouth furtifyed 1779.10 Ayde agaynst the Turkes and Infiacis 552.70 Akalon a riuer in Greece 11.37 Aldred murtherer of king Ethelbert slayne 201.68 Alrick sonne to Herbert slayne 201.74 Alured constrained by y e Danes to flie into the fennes of Somersethire 214.4 Alure taking vpon him the habite of a Mâ—…nstrell goeth into the Danish caÌ„pe 214.34 Alured setteth sodainly vppon the Danes and slayeth them 214.54 Alfred sonne to Egelredus arriueth in England with a great power to obtayne the crowne 264.15 .265.47 Alureds armie slaine by the Post nyne slayne and the .x. preserued 264.27 Alureds eyes put out 264.32 .265.98 Alured dyeth 264.34 Alureds cruell death and torments 266.7 Alfrike Archbyshop of Yorke 267.1 Alfred helpeth to expulse the Danes 269.20 Alwine or Adwine Byshop of Winchester accused of incontinencie with Queene Emma and imprisoned 269.59 Alered Archbyshop of Yorke obtaineth pardoÌ„ for Swaine 270.22 Algar sonne to Earle Leofrike 272.23 Algar made Earle of Oxford 275.6 Aldred Byshop of Worceter sent for Edward sonne to King Edmond Ironside 276.1 Algar banished the Realme 276.13 Algar ioyning himselfe to the Welchme inuadeth the Enlishe borders wyth a nauie 276.16 Algar pardoned and restored to his Earldome 276.58 Algar succedeth his father in the Earldome of Chester and Mercia 277.39 Algar accused of treason and agayne exiled the land 277. 41. Algar returneth into England with a power of men and recouereth his Earldome by force 277.50 Albania lyeth Northward beyonde Humber 16.48 Albion when this Iland first so called 5.45 .6.30 Alderman of London setteth forth a fleete 1009.19 b. Alchfled daughter to king Oswy 172.21 Alfwen daughter to Ethelfleda disinherited 222.55 Alexander King of Scotes maryeth the ladye Margaret daughter to Henry the third 727.22 Alfred succeedeth his brother Ecgfride in the kingdome of NorthuÌ„berland 185.85 Alfred an excellent Philosopher 185.95 Alferd departeth this lyfe 185. 114. Aldiminus looke Ealdbright Allerton castle made playne with the ground 445.21 Aluredes diligence in deuiding the day and night vnto seuerall purposes 218.43 Alureds last wil and the implosing of his goods to godlye purposes 218.55 Alured obteyneth a part of the kingdome of Mercia 218. 110. Aldhelme ordeyned Byshop of Shirebourne 190.10 Alrike succeedeth his brother Ethelbert in the kingdome of Kent 191.84 Alrike ouerthrowen in battaile by the Mercians 191.91 Aldwine Byshop of Lichfeild 191.99 Aldwolfe Byshop of Rochester 191.100 Aleria called Alize in Burgogne by whom builded 6.45 Alfin succeedeth Odo in y e Archbyshoprike of Canterburye and Aulafe Godfrey succede their father Sithrike in the kingdome of Northumberlande 224.55 Aulafe and Godfrey making warre vppon king Adelstane are driuen out of their countrey 224.59 Altred succeeded Molle in the kingdome of Northumberland 196.30 Altred expulsed out of his kingdome 196.31 Aldulfe sonne to Bosa slayne 196.39 Alfreda prophesieth her mother Quendreds destruction 196 9. Alfreda professeth hirselfe a Nunne 197.15 Algar falleth in loue with Friswive and would rauish her 197.55 Algar suddeinly stroken blynde 198.56 Alswold king of Northumberland 198.67 Alfreds treason against Adelstane and his death 224.13 Alfreds landes giuen to God and S. Peter 224.30 Alured or Alfrede succeedeth his brother Etheldred in the kingdome of West Saxons and ouer the more part of England 211.82 Alured sacred king at Rome by the Pope 207.28 .211 92. Alured goeth with speede forth with an armie against the Danes 212.2 Alewine sent Ambassador vnto Charles the great 195.43 Alured departeth this lyfe and is buryed at Winchester 216.104
Homage don at Woodstocke by the Welchmen to king Iohn 568.53 Homage done by Alexander king of Scotland to Lewes 603.25 Haliwel riuer 380.33 Holy Island pa. 1313. co 2. lin 47. Homagedon by the Lords and Barons to king Iohn 545.1 Homage of the Scots 800.15 b. 822.20 b. Homilies set foorth 1633.40 Hostages for the French king 967.8 a. Honfleue castle wonne by Mouy 1824.58 Homage done by king Iohn to the Pope 576.77 Hownhil ln Staffordshire 242.72 Robert Holand slayne 892.40 a. Iohn Holand created Duke of Exeter 1097.30 b. Humfry Lord Stafford of Southwike named Earle of Deuon pag. 1319. col 2. lin 53. beheaded pag. 1321. col 1. lin 15. Holy Shepheard pag. 1247. col 2. lin 57. Hospital of Saint Leonard at Yorke pag 1319. col 1. lin 25. Horne William hanged and quartered 1580.33 Hume castle won by the Duke of Somerset 1631.10 recouered by the Scots 1640.14 Hugh Prior of Witham made Byshop of Lincolne 462.42 Hugh Lacie slayne in Ireland 462.73 Hugh Lacie being sent for by king Henry the second refuseth to come 463.29 Hugh Lacie his diligence to enlarge his possessions in Ireland 463.13 Humber king of Hunnes inuadeth Albania and slayeth Albanact 1672. Humber king of Hunnes discōfited and drowned 17.6 Humber riuer why so called 17.18 Hubo and Agnerus brethren chosen Captaynes of the Danes 210.77 Hugh Erle of Chester 336.12 Hughbright byshop of Litchfield 199.13 Hugh the Italian cited 7.2 Hugh Earle of Shrewsburie slayne in the eye 328.106 Hunting the Deere in Forestes forbidden vpon a great penaltie 313.75 Hundreds and Tithings deuysed in England and why 217.22 Hunwald Earle betrayeth Oswin 170.57 Hugh succeedeth Ranulfe his father in the Earldome of Chester 387.106 Hunting in Chases and Forrestes freely permitted 319.42 Hubert Archbyshop of Canterburie maketh an Oration 544.19 Hugh Earle of Chester conspireth against king Henrie the second 426.109 Humilitie declareth the man of God 151.54 Huntington and Cambridge Counties ' graunted to Dauid brother to king William of Scotland 427.29 Hugh Byshop of Durham appoynted gouernour of the North partes of England 481.16 deteyned in prison by the Lord Chauncelour 484.11 depryued of al honour and dignitie 495.6 Huntington Castle made playn with the ground 445.19 Hundred Tunnes of wine gyuen yearely to the Monkes of Canterburie 453.9 Hugh a Norman banished the Realme 374.37 Hunters punished by famine or imprisonment 472.56 Husbandmen in England made slaues and toyle for the Danes 243. Huual a Welch king 231.81 Hungerford Walter knyght is created Lord Hungerford 1563.55 Gardener Stephen Byshop of Winchester Ambassadour in Fraunce 1564.20 Humber in Holdernesse pag. 1327. col 1. lin 52. Humfry Bouchear knight son to the Lord Barners Hugh Courtney knight pag. 1336. col 1. lin 31. Hugh Byshop of Lincoln buried 550.42 Hugh bishop of Lincolne what country man and his life 550.45 Hugh Bishop of Lincolne admitted a Saint 551.19 Hugh Earle of March 553 4. Hubert Bishop of Salisbury elected achbishop of Cantorburie 513.34 ordeyned Lord chiefe Iustice 513.45 Hugh Bishop of Durham looseth the dignitie and title of his Earledome 519.57 Huntington castle subdued by king Henry the second 435 75. Hue and crie against the Barons 866.7 a Hubba or Hubo slaine 212.93 Hungerford Lord executed for Buggerie 1580.1 Humfrey Stafford knight with William his brother slaine pag. 1279. col 2. lin 48. Hugh Hastings knight slaine pag. 1304. col 1. li. 4. Hunflue taken by the Englishe pag. 1198. col 2. lin 14 Humber Riuer 140.24 Hume castle beseged 1845.13 yeeld◅d 1845.20 Humez Richard Constable to Henry sonne to king Henry the second 436.70 Humfrey sonne to the Duke of Glocester imprisoned at Trim. 1106.40 b Hubert Fitz Mathewe slaine with a stone 712.30 Hamfrey Stafford pag. 1422. co 1. lin 24. Hubert Earle of Kent fallen into Henry the third his displeasure 633.61 Hugh B. of Lincolne canonized a Saint 617.75 Hugh Archdeacon of Welles keper of the great seale made Bishop of Lincolne 568.70 consecrated at Rome by Stephen Archbishop of Cantorbury 569.1 kyng Iohn seiseth his goods and reuenues of the Archbishopricke 569 5. Hubert Archbishop of Cantorbury 542.14 Hubert trauaileth to procure the English people to receiue theyr oth of allegiance to be true to king Iohn 542.51 Humfreuille Warden of the North partes dyeth 714.25 Humfrey Bannestar betrayeth his master pag. 1403. co 1. lin 15. Hubert de Burgh a valiant captaine to king Iohn 562.21 Hubert de Burgh taken prisoner by the French king 562 42. Hugh Bishop of Lincolne fined to the Pope 616.70 Hurling tyme. 1030.40 a Humfrey Duke of Buevenham wounded pag. 1288 co 1. lin 25. pag. 1289. co 2. lin 50. slaine pag. 1299. col 2. lin 54. Hugh Earle of Chestar deceaseth 455.99 Hugh of Mountfort taken prisoner in an ambush 359.73 Hugh Earle of Chester released out of prison 439.21 Hungar and Hubba arriue in England with an huge army of Danes 209.20 Husey Lord attainted 1570.24 executed eadem 25. Humfrey Cheyney pag. 1413 col 1. lin 1. Hull fortified 1582.13 Hubert Earle of Morienne 423.58 Hugh Spencer beheaded at Bristow pag. 1129. col 1. lin 5. Hugh Mortimer knight slaine pag. 1304. col 1. lin 3 Hugh Conway Esquire sent into Britaine pag. 1400. col 2 lin 17. Hungar and Halden slaine 214 65. Hubert de Burgh a valiant defender of the castle of Douer 609.10 Hubert Archbishop of Cantorbury made Lord Chauncelour of England 545.45 Hugh Venables knight pag. 1295. col 1. lin 57. Hūgh de Boues pag. 563.62 Hugh Earle of Stafford slaine at S. Albons pa. 1288. co 1. lin 5. Humfrey Neuill knight pag. 1315. col 1. lin 6. beheaded ead lin 14. Hun Richard found hanged in the Lollardes Towre 1496 54. Huntingdon Henry in what tyme he liued 394.44 Hugh sonne to Robert Earle of Paris maryeth Ethilda daughter to king Edward 223.13 Hulcotes Philip. 595.68 Hugh a Norman conspireth with the Danes against the English men 243.44 I. Iago or Lago cousine to Gurgustius taketh vppon him the gouernment of Britaine 21.104 Iames the third king of Scottes slayne 1436.27 Iaphet alotted vnto Europ 1.79 Iarrow 307.108 Iaphet deuideth Europ◅ amōg his sonnes 1.96 Iacob a Welch king 231.81 Iames Maior cited 225.99 Iames the fourth ▪ king of the Scottes slayne 1493.40 Iacke Cades rebellion pag. 1279. col 1. lin 53. Cade slayne pag. 1281. col 2. lin 3. Iambert Bishop looke Lambert Iames Fines Lord Say beheaded pag. 1280. col 2. lin 4. Iames Cromor knight beheaded pag. 1283. col 2. lin 8. Iayles opened and prisoners set at libertie 475.3 Iaphet first peopled the countries of Europe 1.95 Iames the first kyng of the Scottes dyeth 1596.40 Iaques Van Herteueld 902.37 b. Iane Heire of Castil maried to Philippe Arche duke of Austria 1459.52 Iaphet called also Iapetus 1.86 Iaminfindil beheaded pag. 1297. col 2. lin 58. Iaphet dieth in Mauritania 1.90 Saint Iames Manour built 1557.54 Iames Twichit Lord Audley pag. 1295. col 1. lin 8. slayne pag. 1295. col 2. lin 32. Iane Lady