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learn_v courtlike_a behaviour_n and_o
theatrum_n orbis_fw-la terrarum_fw-la geographi_fw-la regii_fw-la the_o theatre_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n set_v forth_o by_o that_o excellent_a geographer_n abraham_n ortelius_n london_n print_v by_o john_n norton_n printer_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n in_o hebrew_n greek_a and_o latin_a 1606._o honi_fw-fr soit_fw-fr qvi_fw-fr mal_fw-fr y_fw-fr pense_fw-fr the_o sway_n by_o sea_n &_o land_n great_a james_n do_v bear_v his_o birth_n his_o blood_n these_o kingdom_n figure_n here_o but_o be_v his_o several_a virtue_n to_o be_v crown_v a_o world_n past_o thou_o ortelius_n must_v be_v find_v to_o the_o most_o high_a most_o mighty_a and_o most_o happy_a prince_n james_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n defender_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n john_n norton_n his_o majesty_n most_o humble_a and_o faithful_a servant_n consecrate_v these_o immortal_a labour_n of_o abraham_n or_o telius_n translate_v into_o english_a 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χ_n Ï_n ω_n the_o life_n of_o abraham_n ortell_n cosmographer_n to_o philip_n the_o second_o late_a king_n of_o spain_n write_v first_o in_o latin_a by_o francis_n sweert_n of_o antwerp_n his_o familiar_a and_o love_a friend_n and_o now_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o w._n b_o as_o great_a a_o lover_n of_o his_o learning_n and_o virtue_n the_o stock_n of_o the_o ortel_n flourish_v not_o long_o since_o and_o live_v in_o good_a state_n and_o credit_n at_o auspurg_n in_o bayern_n augustam_fw-la vindelicorum_fw-la the_o latin_n call_v it_o from_o that_o family_n come_v william_n ortell_n who_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1460_o leave_v his_o native_a country_n and_o seat_v himself_o in_o antwerp_n at_o that_o time_n one_o of_o the_o famous_a mart-towne_n of_o the_o world_n where_o he_o do_v many_o notable_a thing_n worthy_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n among_o which_o that_o be_v most_o memorable_a that_o of_o his_o own_o proper_a cost_n and_o charge_n he_o cause_v a_o goodly_a cross_n of_o free_a stone_n to_o be_v set_v up_o without_o the_o emperor_n gate_n in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o malefactor_n be_v usual_o wont_v to_o be_v execute_v and_o put_v to_o death_n beneath_o this_o cross_n at_o the_o base_a or_o foot_n of_o the_o same_o stand_v mary_n and_o john_n and_o beside_o they_o a_o little_a far_o off_o hang_v the_o two_o thief_n the_o one_o upon_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o left_a upon_o their_o several_a gibbet_n this_o william_n die_v upon_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o january_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 1511_o and_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o cloister_n of_o the_o franciscane_a friar_n in_o antwerp_n leave_v his_o son_n leonard_n ortell_n sole_a executor_n and_o heir_n not_o only_o of_o his_o good_n and_o substance_n but_o also_o of_o his_o virtue_n and_o good_a quality_n for_o they_o report_v that_o he_o be_v a_o man_n so_o devout_a and_o religious_a that_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o find_v 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orkney-iles_a about_o
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of_o they_o call_v scotland_n sylvester_n gyraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la about_o 400._o year_n since_o describe_v this_o island_n in_o a_o several_a treatise_n but_o because_o that_o this_o book_n as_o yet_o be_v not_o set_v forth_o and_o therefore_o not_o common_a and_o every_o where_o to_o be_v get_v we_o will_v out_o of_o it_o gather_v so_o much_o as_o this_o narrow_a room_n may_v contain_v not_o doubt_v but_o we_o shall_v worthy_o deserve_v great_a thanks_n at_o the_o reader_n hand_n for_o the_o same_o listen_v therefore_o to_o his_o word_n ireland_n next_o after_o england_n the_o great_a island_n of_o the_o know_a world_n have_v the_o great_a britain_n upon_o his_o east_n side_n upon_o the_o west_n only_o lie_v the_o vast_a and_o wide_a ocean_n on_o the_o north_n three_o day_n sail_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o ireland_n lie_v island_n of_o all_o the_o northern_a isle_n by_o far_o the_o great_a britain_n be_v almost_o twice_o as_o great_a as_o ireland_n for_o see_v that_o the_o 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their_o clear_a fountain_n other_o immediate_o rush_v forth_o of_o lake_n and_o fen_n wander_v here_o and_o there_o divide_v and_o part_v the_o island_n into_o many_o goodly_a province_n and_o shire_n for_o under_o the_o foot_n of_o bladina_fw-la hill_n now_o call_v bliew_n blemy_n three_o famous_a river_n do_v arise_v common_o call_v the_o three_o sister_n for_o they_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o three_o sister_n berne_n birgus_n now_o barrow_n which_o run_v by_o lechlin_n eoyr_n neorus_n they_o call_v it_o north_n by_o ossire_n and_o swyre_n by_o archfine_n and_o trebagh_n near_o waterford_n they_o kind_o salute_v one_o another_o and_o so_o fall_v into_o one_o channel_n they_o quiet_o towards_o the_o sea_n slay_a run_v by_o wexford_n boand_n by_o meath_z auenmore_n by_o lismore_n and_o siman_n by_o limiricke_n and_o indeed_o among_o all_o the_o river_n of_o ireland_n sin_n bear'th_v the_o bell_n not_o only_o for_o his_o goodly_a greatness_n long_o and_o diverse_a wander_n through_o the_o country_n but_o also_o his_o great_a plenty_n of_o dainty_a fish_n for_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o very_a large_a and_o goodly_a lake_n which_o divide_v connagh_n from_o munster_n and_o spread_v itself_o into_o two_o branch_n run_v two_o contrary_a way_n one_o of_o they_o tend_v towards_o the_o south_n pass_v by_o the_o city_n kelleloe_n and_o then_o enclosinge_v round_o the_o city_n limiricke_n with_o a_o direct_a course_n and_o large_a stream_n for_o a_o hundred_o mile_n and_o upward_o run_v between_o the_o two_o mountain_n empti_v itself_o into_o the_o brendan_n sea_n the_o other_o not_o much_o less_o than_o the_o former_a divide_v meath_z and_o the_o far_a part_n of_o ulster_n from_o connagh_n run_v with_o a_o crooked_a course_n turn_v this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n at_o last_o hide_v itself_o in_o the_o northern_a ocean_n so_o that_o this_o river_n do_v separate_v the_o four_o and_o west_n part_n of_o the_o island_n from_o the_o other_o three_o like_o a_o midland_n stream_n run_v from_o sea_n to_o sea_n for_o this_o island_n in_o former_a age_n be_v divide_v almost_o into_o five_o equal_a part_n namely_o into_o north_n monster_n south_n monster_n leinster_n and_o connagh_n this_o country_n have_v diverse_a goodly_a lake_n the_o sea_n coast_n abound_v plentiful_o with_o all_o manner_n of_o sea-fish_n on_o all_o side_n the_o river_n and_o lake_n be_v store_v with_o great_a variety_n of_o fresh-fish_n especial_o with_o these_o three_o sort_n salmon_n trout_n and_o eel_n the_o river_n shynen_n swarm_v with_o lampreyes_n but_o there_o be_v want_v many_o other_o sort_n of_o good_a fresh-fish_n of_o other_o country_n as_o pike_n perch_n gogeon_n and_o almost_o such_o fish_n as_o come_v not_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o salt_n water_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o lake_n of_o this_o island_n have_v three_o kind_n of_o fish_n which_o be_v not_o where_o else_o to_o be_v find_v for_o they_o be_v somewhat_o long_o and_o round_a than_o trout_n very_o white_a flesh_v pass_v savery_a and_o pleasant_a very_o like_a unto_o the_o hallibut_fw-la vmbra_fw-la our_o author_n call_v it_o but_o that_o they_o be_v much_o big_a head_v there_o be_v another_o kind_n very_o like_a to_o herring_n aswell_o for_o proportion_n and_o bigness_n as_o also_o for_o colour_n and_o taste_v there_o be_v a_o three_o sort_n in_o all_o point_n like_o trout_n but_o that_o they_o be_v not_o spot_v yet_o these_o sort_n of_o fish_n be_v only_o see_v in_o the_o summer_n in_o the_o winter_n they_o never_o appear_v in_o meath_z near_o foner_n be_v three_o lake_n not_o far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o each_o of_o which_o have_v certain_a fish_n proper_a to_o itself_o not_o find_v in_o any_o of_o the_o other_o two_o neither_o do_v they_o i_o mean_v ever_o come_v one_o at_o another_o although_o there_o be_v most_o convenient_a passage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o river_n which_o run_v from_o one_o to_o another_o nay_o if_o it_o shall_v chance_v that_o the_o fish_n of_o one_o lake_n be_v carry_v to_o another_o either_o it_o die_v within_o a_o while_n after_o or_o return_v unto_o his_o own_o lake_n again_o eryn_n hiberniae_fw-la britannicae_n insulae_n nova_fw-la descriptio_fw-la irlandt_n cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la from_o these_o natural_a thing_n let_v we_o pass_v unto_o those_o strange_a wonder_n which_o nature_n work_v in_o these_o out-country_n of_o the_o world_n in_o north_n monster_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n wherein_o be_v two_o land_n a_o great_a and_o a_o less_o the_o great_a have_v a_o church_n the_o lesser_a a_o chapel_n into_o the_o great_a never_n any_o woman_n or_o live_a creature_n of_o the_o female_a kind_n may_v ever_o come_v but_o it_o will_v die_v by_o and_o by_o this_o be_v often_o prove_v by_o bitch_n cat_n and_o other_o creature_n of_o that_o sex_n in_o the_o lesser_a no_o man_n do_v
and_o under-homage_n so_o that_o hitherto_o the_o prince_n on_o both_o side_n have_v use_v this_o custom_n namely_o that_o boulogne_n no_o more_o acknowledge_v artois_n nor_o s._n paul_n boulogne_n howbeit_o about_o this_o point_n in_o the_o latter_a treaty_n of_o peace_n 1559._o there_o be_v some_o variance_n wherefore_o the_o matter_n be_v refer_v to_o commissioner_n remain_v as_o yet_o undecided_a the_o king_n of_o spain_n hold_v still_o possession_n it_o be_v common_o suppose_v that_o calais_n the_o next_o port_n of_o the_o continent_n unto_o england_n be_v by_o caesar_n call_v portus_n iccius_n from_o whence_o he_o sail_v out_o of_o france_n thither_o but_o if_o we_o more_o thorough_o consider_v the_o matter_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o have_v be_v another_o port_n namely_o the_o town_n of_o saint_n omer_n which_o that_o it_o be_v of_o old_a a_o haven_n and_o a_o most_o large_a inlet_n of_o the_o ocean_n sea_n even_o the_o high_a cliff_n which_o in_o a_o manner_n environ_v the_o city_n do_v plain_o demonstrate_v beside_o infinite_a other_o argument_n and_o relic_n of_o antiquity_n which_o though_o no_o man_n shall_v affirm_v it_o do_v most_o evident_o convince_v that_o the_o territory_n adjacent_a be_v in_o time_n past_o cover_v with_o sea_n the_o truth_n whereof_o be_v till_o this_o day_n also_o confirm_v by_o common_a and_o constant_a report_n yea_o sithieu_n the_o ancient_a name_n of_o the_o city_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o name_n of_o s._n omer_n be_v but_o new_a manife_v the_o same_o as_o if_o it_o be_v derive_v of_o sinus_n itthius_n or_o iccius_n also_o that_o the_o say_v have_v be_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o morini_n which_o virgil_n and_o lucan_n do_v call_v the_o far_a people_n and_o that_o this_o be_v most_o true_a a_o attentive_a reader_n may_v by_o many_o argument_n easy_o gather_v both_o out_o of_o caesar_n his_o entrance_n and_o return_v from_o england_n neither_o can_v the_o space_n of_o thirty_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o which_o he_o say_v the_o island_n be_v there_o distant_a from_o the_o main_a hinder_v my_o belief_n in_o this_o point_n whenas_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n especial_o in_o so_o narrow_a a_o place_n may_v easy_o either_o add_v or_o diminish_v nor_o do_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o from_o the_o main_a to_o the_o continent_n much_o differ_v suffice_v thus_o much_o to_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v portus_n iccius_n whether_o we_o have_v hit_v the_o truth_n or_o no_o let_v other_o judge_v moreover_o this_o province_n have_v three_o bishopric_n to_o wit_n arras_n s._n omer_n and_o boulogne_n one_o and_o twenty_o abbey_n and_o seven_o nunnery_n beside_o many_o covent_n and_o hospital_n it_o have_v many_o river_n also_o the_o principal_a whereof_o be_v lys_n scarpe_n aa_n canche_n and_o authy_n beside_o other_o that_o be_v navigable_a great_a be_v the_o number_n of_o village_n and_o hamlet_n throughout_o the_o whole_a province_n the_o soil_n be_v most_o fertile_a and_o abundant_a of_o all_o corn_n and_o especial_o of_o wheat_n wherefore_o in_o the_o ancient_a french_a tongue_n some_o write_v it_o be_v call_v atrech_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o land_n of_o bread_n nor_o be_v it_o destitute_a of_o wood_n and_o grove_n especial_o towards_o the_o south_n and_o west_n the_o garment_n of_o the_o atrebates_n or_o artesians_n s._n jerome_n in_o his_o second_o book_n against_o jovinian_a note_v for_o precious_a also_o the_o artesian_a mantle_n vopiscus_n celebrate_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o emperor_n carinus_n likewise_o the_o same_o jerome_n and_o other_o author_n affirm_v that_o in_o his_o time_n it_o rain_v wool_n in_o this_o province_n this_o region_n as_o other_o also_o adjoin_v guicciardin_n have_v most_o notable_o describe_v artois_n atrebatum_n regionis_fw-la vera_fw-la descriptio_fw-la johanne_n surhonio_n monteusi_fw-la auctore_fw-la illustri_fw-la ac_fw-la amplissimo_fw-la viro_fw-la domino_fw-la christophoro_n ab_fw-la assonleville_n equiti_fw-la aurato_fw-la domino_fw-la ab_fw-la altevilla_n r._n m_o it_o be_v consiliario_fw-la primario_fw-la ab._n ortelius_n in_o hanc_fw-la formam_fw-la compraehendebat_fw-la et_fw-la dedicabat_fw-la cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la imp._n et_fw-fr regiea_n majesty_n flanders_n the_o extreme_a part_n of_o europe_n opposite_a to_o england_n and_o scotland_n environ_v by_o france_n germany_n and_o the_o ocean_n be_v call_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n the_o low_a country_n or_o low_a germany_n but_o the_o french_a and_o all_o stranger_n in_o a_o manner_n call_v it_o by_o the_o name_n of_o flanders_n but_o in_o very_a deed_n flanders_n have_v not_o so_o great_a extension_n for_o albeit_o flanders_n proper_o so_o call_v be_v large_a in_o time_n past_a yet_o at_o this_o present_a it_o be_v bound_v by_o brabant_n henault_n artois_n and_o the_o ocean_n sea_n this_o they_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n namely_o flanders_n the_o dutch_a the_o french_a and_o the_o imperial_a which_o last_o part_n because_o it_o never_o acknowledge_v any_o superior_a beside_o the_o prince_n of_o flanders_n they_o name_v also_o flanders_n proprietary_n the_o dutch_a flanders_n have_v these_o city_n gant_n bruges_n yperen_n cortrijck_n oudenard_n with_o pammele_n newport_n furnas_n bergen_n sluise_n dam_n bierflet_n dixmud_n cassel_n dunkirk_n grevel_v burburch_n and_o hulst_n the_o french_a flanders_n l'isle_n douai_n and_o orchy_n and_o flanders_n imperial_a or_o proprietary_n aelst_n dendermond_n geertsberg_n and_o ninoven_n the_o principal_a river_n be_v scheld_n lys_n and_o dender_n most_o part_n of_o the_o region_n be_v pasture-ground_n especial_o towards_o the_o west_n it_o breed_v fair_a ox_n and_o most_o excellent_a and_o warlike_a horse_n it_o abound_v with_o butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o yield_v wheat_n in_o abundance_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v most_o of_o they_o merchant_n and_o of_o flax_n whereof_o they_o have_v in_o flanders_n great_a plenty_n &_o excellent_a good_a and_o wool_n which_o be_v bring_v they_o out_o of_o spain_n and_o england_n they_o make_v great_a quantity_n of_o linen_n and_o woollen_a cloth_n which_o they_o disperse_v far_o and_o wide_o this_o province_n of_o flanders_n have_v 28._o wall_a city_n 1154_o village_n beside_o fortress_n castle_n and_o noble_a man_n house_n among_o which_o gaunt_n be_v the_o great_a city_n whereof_o erasmus_n of_o rotterdam_n in_o his_o epistle_n write_v in_o manner_n follow_v i_o be_o of_o opinion_n say_v he_o if_o you_o look_v all_o christendom_n over_o you_o shall_v not_o find_v a_o city_n comparable_a to_o this_o either_o for_o largeness_n and_o strength_n or_o for_o the_o civil_a government_n and_o towardliness_n of_o the_o people_n so_o far_o erasmus_n it_o contain_v in_o compass_n three_o dutch_a mile_n it_o be_v water_v by_o three_o river_n which_o divide_v it_o into_o twenty_o inhabit_a isle_n for_o multitude_n and_o beauty_n of_o house_n bruges_n excel_v almost_o all_o the_o city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o so_o famous_a a_o mart_n in_o time_n past_a as_o say_v jacobus_n marchantius_n by_o that_o mean_v the_o name_n of_o flanders_n obscure_v all_o the_o region_n round_o about_o yperen_fw-mi stand_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o yperlee_n very_o commodious_a for_o fuller_n by_o clothe_v it_o grow_v in_o time_n pass_v to_o a_o huge_a bigness_n till_o the_o english_a and_o man_n of_o gaunt_n besiege_v it_o cast_v down_o the_o large_a suburb_n and_o great_o diminish_v the_o same_o as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o a_o common_a proverb_n that_o milan_n for_o a_o dukedom_n excel_v all_o christendom_n so_o do_v flanders_n for_o a_o earldom_n it_o have_v certain_a prerogative_n for_o the_o prince_n thereof_o write_v himself_o earl_n of_o flanders_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n which_o clause_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o stile_n of_o king_n for_o it_o be_v give_v say_v meierus_n to_o no_o duke_n marques_z or_o earl_n in_o christendom_n but_o only_o to_o he_o of_o flanders_n whenas_o all_o other_o usual_o add_v by_o the_o clemency_n or_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n he_o have_v in_o time_n past_o sundry_a officer_n peculiar_a to_o a_o king_n as_o namely_o his_o chancellor_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n his_o chamberlain_n and_o his_o cupbearer_n also_o two_o marshal_n and_o ten_o peer_n as_o in_o france_n the_o arm_n of_o this_o region_n in_o time_n past_a be_v a_o scutcheon_n azure_a divide_v by_o five_o crosse-barre_n of_o gold_n with_o another_o small_a red_a scutcheon_n in_o the_o midst_n now_o it_o be_v a_o black_a lion_n in_o a_o golden_a field_n which_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n he_o take_v for_o his_o arm_n together_o with_o the_o other_o netherlandish_a prince_n when_o they_o set_v forth_o on_o their_o expedition_n towards_o syria_n in_o the_o company_n of_o philip_n of_o elsas_n for_o at_o that_o time_n the_o prince_n of_o flanders_n louvain_n holland_n lutzenburg_n limburg_n brabant_n zealand_n friesland_n henault_n etc._n etc._n change_v their_o ancient_a arm_n assume_v to_o themselves_o lion_n of_o diverse_a colour_n
the_o earth_n receive_v the_o ocean_n deep_a nor_o land_n well_o able_a be_v his_o own_o from_o sea_n to_o keep_v the_o place_n so_o dangerous_a be_v that_o none_o to_o it_o dare_v go_v and_o whether_o sea_n or_o land_n it_o be_v man_n scarce_o do_v know_v yet_o now_o these_o our_o land_n be_v habitable_a and_o easy_a and_o safe_o to_o be_v come_v unto_o by_o the_o industry_n and_o labour_n of_o man_n and_o not_o by_o the_o benefit_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n zelandicarum_fw-la insularum_n exactissima_fw-la et_fw-la nova_fw-la descriptio_fw-la auctore_fw-la d._n jacobo_n a_o daventria_n cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la holland_n thus_o erasmus_n of_o roterodam_n a_o hollander_n do_v describe_v holland_n his_o native_a country_n most_o learned_a man_n say_v he_o do_v agree_v in_o this_o and_o that_o upon_o great_a probabil_n thy_fw-mi that_o that_o island_n of_o the_o rhein_n upon_o the_o main_a sea_n which_o tacitus_n make_v mention_n of_o in_o his_o 20._o book_n be_v the_o same_o that_o now_o they_o call_v holland_n a_o land_n that_o i_o must_v always_o both_o high_o commend_v &_o reverence_n as_o to_o who_o indeed_o i_o owe_v my_o life_n and_o nativity_n and_o i_o will_v to_o god_n that_o it_o lay_v in_o my_o power_n to_o do_v it_o again_o as_o great_a credit_n as_o it_o have_v do_v i_o honour_n and_o good_a for_o the_o which_o i_o be_o much_o bind_v to_o praise_v the_o lord_n for_o in_o that_o that_o marshal_n do_v accuse_v this_o nation_n rusticitatis_fw-la of_o clownish_a simplicity_n and_o that_o in_o that_o lucan_n call_v the_o same_o trucem_fw-la rough_a and_o uncivil_a either_o it_o be_v nothing_o to_o we_o or_o else_o i_o deem_v both_o to_o be_v interpret_v as_o a_o great_a commendation_n unto_o the_o same_o for_o what_o nation_n in_o former_a time_n have_v not_o be_v somewhat_o rude_a and_o uncivil_a or_o when_o be_v the_o roman_n more_o to_o be_v commend_v then_o when_o they_o know_v no_o other_o art_n or_o mystery_n but_o husbandry_n and_o discipline_n of_o war_n if_o so_o be_v that_o those_o thing_n which_o then_o be_v say_v of_o the_o hollander_n some_o man_n shall_v stand_v in_o they_o may_v be_v verify_v of_o they_o now_o what_o great_a praise_n can_v be_v attribute_v to_o holland_n my_o native_a country_n then_o if_o it_o may_v true_o be_v say_v to_o loathe_v those_o jest_n of_o marshal_n which_o he_o himself_o call_v nequitias_fw-la knavery_n and_o i_o will_v to_o god_n that_o all_o christian_n have_v such_o ear_n as_o these_o hollander_n have_v that_o they_o may_v either_o not_o entertain_v those_o pestilent_a conceit_n of_o that_o poet_n or_o at_o the_o leastwise_o will_v not_o be_v delight_v with_o they_o if_o any_o man_n please_v to_o call_v this_o clownishnesse_n we_o do_v willing_o bear_v that_o slanderous_a reproach_n as_o be_v a_o thing_n common_a to_o we_o with_o the_o good_a lacedaemonian_n with_o the_o old_a sabine_n &_o the_o worthy_a cato_n so_o much_o commend_v and_o lucan_n as_o i_o think_v call_v the_o hollander_n truce_n rough_a in_o no_o other_o sense_n than_o virgil_n call_v the_o roman_a acer_fw-la stout_a and_o hardy_a otherwise_o if_o any_o man_n do_v respect_v their_o homely_a and_o plain_a manner_n there_o be_v no_o nation_n more_o prone_a to_o civility_n and_o courteous_a humanity_n in_o which_o there_o be_v less_o cruelty_n or_o surly_a sternness_n they_o be_v of_o a_o good_a nature_n plain_a void_a of_o all_o treachery_n and_o guile_n incline_v to_o no_o notorious_a vice_n only_o they_o be_v a_o little_a too_o much_o give_v to_o their_o pleasure_n especial_o in_o banquet_v the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o judge_v to_o be_v the_o wonderful_a plenty_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o thing_n provoke_v they_o thereunto_o and_o that_o partly_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n bring_v unto_o they_o for_o that_o not_o only_o it_o possess_v the_o two_o mouth_n of_o the_o goodly_a river_n maese_n and_o rhein_n but_o also_o for_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o 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caliabria_n calucula_n carabis_fw-la carbulo_n careo_fw-la carruca_n castax_n castra_n gemina_fw-la castra_n vinaria_fw-la cedrippo_n certima_n cimbis_n cinniana_n cisembrium_n colenda_n colobona_n coplanium_n cotinas_n crabalia_n cusibi_n danium_n dia_n dumium_n eiscadia_n erisane_n fabreseense_n gemella_n gruâ—nus_n helingas_fw-la hellenes_n hippo_n hippo_n carausiarum_fw-la ibem_fw-la ilipa_n minor_fw-la ilipula_n laus_n illurco_n ilucia_n indica_fw-la ipasturgi_n ituci_n julia_n cognomine_fw-la concordia_fw-la jul._n constantia_n jul._n contributa_n jul._n fidentia_n jul._n restituta_fw-la lancia_n transoudana_n lenium_fw-la magala_n malia_n marcolica_fw-la massia_n moron_n merucra_n nobilia_fw-la nuditanum_fw-la olitingi_n olone_n onoba_n opsicella_n osintigi_n ossigi_n ossigitania_n oxthraca_n sacvuna_n saepona_fw-la saon_n segeda_n segestica_n serippo_n sicane_n silpia_n sitia_n soricaria_n soritia_n tabeta_n tarscium_fw-la transsucunus_fw-la tribola_n turba_n turobrica_n tutia_n velia_n ventisponte_n vergentum_n vergium_n vescelia_n vesciveca_n vesperies_n victoria_fw-la portuo_fw-la vrbicuà _fw-la vxena_n montes_n sacer_n ydrus_n flumina_fw-la chalybs_fw-la silicense_n fontes_n tamarici_n et_fw-la quaedam_fw-la antonini_n item_n avieni_fw-la horum_fw-la omnium_fw-la situm_fw-la quamvis_fw-la ignorarem_fw-la abesse_fw-la tamen_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la tabula_fw-la iniquum_fw-la putari_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la enim_fw-la vetere_fw-la historia_fw-la veterem_fw-la voco_fw-la ad_fw-la caroli_n magni_fw-la usque_fw-la tempora_fw-la omnium_fw-la huius_fw-la regionis_fw-la locorum_fw-la vocabula_fw-la exprimere_fw-la valui_fw-la &_o ni_fw-fr fallor_fw-la â—â—pressi_fw-it si_fw-mi quae_fw-la autem_fw-la doctori_fw-la in_o en_fw-fr deesse_fw-la videbuntur_fw-la erunt_fw-la fortassè_fw-la horum_fw-la querundam_fw-la synonyma_fw-la de_fw-fr quibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o nostro_fw-la thesaure_n geographico_fw-la without_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o main_a land_n or_o continent_n of_o spain_n there_o be_v a_o part_n of_o this_o country_n call_v insularis_n or_o balearium_n that_o be_v the_o spanish_a isle_n or_o the_o baleares_n for_o this_o part_n of_o spain_n consist_v altogether_o of_o island_n the_o name_n of_o those_o which_o do_v lie_v in_o the_o ocean_n or_o maine_n sea_n be_v these_o gades_n now_o calais_n junonis_fw-la insula_fw-la geryonis_n monumentum_fw-la s._n pedro_n a_o little_a isle_n between_o calais_n and_o the_o main_a land_n londobris_n over_o against_o portugal_n now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o barlinguas_n corticata_n aunios_n deorum_n insulae_fw-la peradventure_o those_o which_o they_o now_o call_v islas_n de_fw-fr baiona_n and_o the_o feign_a cassiterides_n in_o this_o tract_n for_o these_o famous_a island_n be_v indeed_o those_o which_o our_o seaman_n call_v the_o sorling_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o in_o the_o midland_n sea_n be_v these_o follow_v the_o two_o baleares_n the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a mallorca_n and_o menorca_n the_o two_o pityusae_n to_o wit_n ebusus_n now_o yuica_fw-la or_o as_o some_o term_n it_o ibissa_n and_o ophiusa_n scombraria_n cabo_n di_fw-fr palos_n colubraria_n moncolobrer_n capraria_n cabrera_n tiqvadra_n coneiera_n plumbaria_n planesia_n and_o maenaria_n all_o of_o they_o except_o only_o the_o baleares_n and_o gades_n small_a island_n and_o of_o none_o account_v gades_n be_v much_o renown_a and_o famous_a long_o since_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o fable_n of_o hercules_n and_o geryon_n feign_v by_o poet_n to_o have_v be_v act_v here_o as_o also_o for_o that_o the_o long_o live_v king_n arganthonius_n who_o be_v before_o his_o death_n 300._o year_n old_a do_v sometime_o keep_v his_o court_n here_o the_o baleares_n be_v much_o talk_v of_o by_o reason_n the_o islander_n be_v count_v good_a slinger_n best_a experience_v and_o skilful_a in_o that_o weapon_n call_v by_o the_o roman_n funda_fw-la but_o especial_o it_o be_v much_o 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ten_o pase_n this_o the_o tyrian_n come_v from_o the_o redsea_n call_v erythraea_n or_o the_o red_a island_n but_o the_o poeni_n or_o carthaginian_n in_o their_o language_n name_v it_o gadir_n that_o be_v the_o hedge_n here_o geryon_n do_v sometime_o dwell_v as_o monument_n and_o antiquity_n do_v strong_o prove_v although_o some_o do_v think_v that_o hercules_n do_v carry_v the_o ox_n from_o another_o island_n which_o lie_v over_o against_o lusitania_n thus_o far_o solinus_n observe_v here_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d gader_n in_o the_o ancient_a language_n of_o the_o jew_n and_o giadir_n in_o the_o modern_a tongue_n of_o the_o farre-conquering_a arabian_n do_v signify_v a_o hedge_n enclosure_n or_o fence_v beside_o these_o forename_a island_n know_v to_o the_o ancient_a and_o best_a writer_n sextus_n rufus_n auienus_fw-la recite_v other_o by_o these_o name_n oestrymnides_n archale_n poetanion_n agonida_n cartare_n strongile_n and_o lunae_n these_o because_o no_o man_n else_o 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segnitiae_fw-la gentis_fw-la obscura_fw-la abase_v country_n and_o have_v scarce_o any_o good_a thing_n in_o it_o worth_a the_o speak_n of_o it_o have_v no_o famous_a city_n but_o small_a ragged_a town_n and_o village_n the_o river_n which_o run_v through_o it_o be_v very_o small_a and_o not_o navigable_a yet_o the_o soil_n be_v better_a than_o the_o man_n for_o the_o slouththfulnesse_n and_o cowardice_n of_o the_o people_n have_v make_v the_o country_n the_o more_o obscure_a i_o will_v speak_v nothing_o
go_v eastward_o look_v by_o how_o much_o the_o air_n be_v more_o subtle_a pure_a and_o thin_a so_o much_o be_v it_o more_o fierce_a sharp_a and_o pierce_a on_o the_o contrary_a the_o far_a you_o go_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o west_n part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o how_o much_o the_o air_n be_v more_o thick_a cloudy_a and_o foggy_a by_o so_o much_o it_o be_v more_o temperate_a kind_a and_o healthful_a for_o this_o country_n lie_v in_o the_o midst_n indifferent_o seat_v between_o freeze_a island_n and_o parch_a spain_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n get_v a_o mean_a temperature_n between_o hot_a and_o cold_a aswell_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o temperature_n and_o holesomnesse_n of_o the_o air_n be_v a_o most_o goodly_a &_o fertile_a island_n the_o champion_n field_n do_v yield_v great_a store_n of_o corn_n the_o mountain_n do_v feed_v many_o herd_n of_o cattle_n the_o wood_n afford_v many_o dear_a and_o other_o kind_n of_o wild_a beast_n the_o lake_n and_o river_n great_a variety_n and_o plenty_n of_o good_a fish_n yet_o the_o soil_n of_o this_o island_n be_v better_a for_o pastorage_n than_o arable-ground_n for_o grass_n than_o corne._n multam_fw-la fruges_fw-la in_o hibernia_n say_v he_o plurimam_fw-la in_o culmis_fw-la minorem_fw-la in_o granis_fw-la spem_fw-la promittunt_fw-la abundè_fw-la satis_fw-la &_o campi_fw-la vestiuntur_fw-la &_o horrea_fw-la farciuntur_fw-la sola_fw-la verò_fw-la granaria_fw-la destituuntur_fw-la here_o their_o corn_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o grass_n for_o hibernia_n i_o read_v herba_fw-la be_v marvelous_a good_a but_o much_o better_a it_o seem_v to_o be_v when_o it_o be_v shoot_v up_o and_o spindle_v only_o it_o fail_v when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o thresh_a than_o it_o be_v seldom_o find_v to_o be_v casty_a in_o the_o field_n it_o make_v a_o goodly_a show_n yea_o ordinary_o it_o be_v as_o thick_a as_o may_v stand_v upon_o the_o ground_n their_o barn_n be_v cram_v full_a and_o mow_v up_o to_o the_o top_n only_o their_o garner_n be_v empty_a thus_o far_o giraldus_n and_o because_o we_o have_v handle_v the_o general_a description_n of_o this_o island_n in_o another_o place_n of_o this_o our_o work_n we_o will_v conclude_v this_o discourse_n with_o a_o brief_a description_n of_o some_o few_o of_o their_o city_n and_o principal_a town_n as_o we_o have_v learn_v of_o that_o worthy_a gentleman_n richard_n stanihurst_n this_o countryman_n breed_v and_o bear_v dublin_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n life_n in_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n the_o metropolitan_a and_o chief_a city_n not_o only_o of_o leynster_n but_o also_o of_o all_o ireland_n for_o goodly_a fair_a building_n multitude_n of_o people_n civility_n for_o sweet_a air_n and_o situation_n do_v as_o far_o excel_v all_o the_o other_o city_n of_o this_o i_o will_v as_o the_o lofty_a cypress_n do_v the_o low_a shrub_n the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o s._n patrick_n be_v first_o found_v by_o john_n cinim_n archbishop_n of_o dublin_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 1197._o that_o great_a and_o goodly_a strong_a castle_n be_v build_v by_o henry_n loundres_n archbishop_n also_o of_o dublin_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1220._o this_o city_n be_v very_o ancient_a and_o be_v in_o ptolemeys_n time_n as_o learned_a man_n think_v call_v civitas_fw-la eblana_n the_o city_n eblan_n the_o next_o city_n in_o order_n and_o dignity_n be_v waterford_n a_o well_o govern_v town_n and_o one_o that_o have_v be_v always_o faithful_a to_o england_n it_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o civil_a and_o for_o that_o the_o haven_n here_o be_v far_o better_a and_o more_o safe_a than_o that_o of_o dublin_n much_o resort_v unto_o for_o trade_n and_o traffic_n by_o merchant_n of_o foreign_a country_n the_o street_n of_o it_o be_v very_o narrow_a and_o dark_a here_o no_o cutthroat-iewish_a usurer_n be_v permit_v to_o use_v his_o devilish_a occupation_n that_o be_v as_o cato_n say_v to_o kill_v man_n or_o to_o live_v by_o the_o sweat_n of_o other_o man_n brow_n the_o three_o be_v limmerick_n which_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o goodly_a river_n shenyn_n whereupon_o it_o be_v seat_v and_o stand_v as_o also_o for_o the_o commodious_a situation_n of_o the_o same_o may_v just_o challenge_v the_o first_o place_n for_o this_o river_n be_v the_o great_a and_o goodly_a of_o all_o ireland_n who_o depth_n and_o channel_n be_v such_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o city_n stand_v at_o the_o least_o threescore_o mile_n from_o the_o main_a sea_n yet_o ship_n of_o great_a burden_n do_v come_v up_o even_o to_o the_o town_n wall_n beside_o that_o it_o be_v wonderful_o store_v with_o great_a variety_n of_o fresh_a fish_n king_n john_n do_v like_o the_o situation_n of_o this_o city_n so_o well_o that_o he_o cause_v there_o a_o goodly_a castle_n and_o fair_a bridge_n to_o be_v build_v the_o last_o and_o least_o be_v corck_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n leigh_n this_o haven_n be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a in_o all_o ireland_n and_o therefore_o the_o citizen_n be_v very_o wealthy_a and_o great_a merchant_n these_o three_o latter_a be_v all_o within_o the_o province_n of_o monster_n but_o if_o thou_o desire_v a_o large_a discourse_n of_o these_o particular_n i_o wish_v thou_o to_o repair_v to_o the_o foresay_a author_n richard_n stanihurst_n he_o shall_v satisfy_v thou_o to_o the_o full_a irlandiae_fw-la accurata_fw-la descriptio_fw-la auctore_fw-la baptista_n boazio_n serenissimo_fw-la invictissimoqve_fw-la jacobo_n magnae_fw-la britanniae_fw-la francia_fw-la et_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la regi_fw-la joannes_n baptista_z vrint_v antverpianus_n d._n dedicat_fw-la joannes_n baptista_n vrint_v geographicarum_fw-la tabularum_fw-la calcographus_fw-la excud_v antuerpiae_n expositio_fw-la verborum_n hibernicorum_n glyn_n nemus_n can_v promontorium_n caric_n rupes_fw-la knoc_z collis_n slay_v mons._n b._n well_o bale_n vicus_n kill_v pagus_n lough_n lacus_n enis_n insula_fw-la mo._n monasterum_fw-la mc._n territorium_fw-la filii_fw-la satrapae_fw-la o_o caput_fw-la familiae_fw-la england_n or_o the_o i_o will_v of_o great_a britain_n as_o it_o stand_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o norman_n describe_v by_o a_o nubiensis_n the_o arabian_a the_o second_o section_n of_o the_o seven_o climate_n in_o this_o second_o part_n of_o the_o seven_o climate_n we_o comprehend_v a_o part_n of_o the_o b_o ocean_n sea_n where_o c_o england_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a island_n in_o form_n and_o fashion_n not_o much_o unlike_a to_o a_o d_o stork_n head_n stand_v apart_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n in_o this_o island_n there_o be_v many_o e_fw-es populous_a city_n well_o inhabit_v steep_a hill_n run_v water_n and_o goodly_a champion_n ground_n f_o hear_v it_o be_v always_o winter_n the_o near_a of_o main_a land_n unto_o it_o be_v g_o wady-shant_a in_o the_o province_n of_o flanders_n between_o this_o island_n and_o the_o continent_n the_o passage_n be_v about_o h_o twelve_o mile_n over_o among_o the_o city_n of_o this_o i_o will_v which_o be_v in_o the_o outmost_a border_n of_o it_o westward_o and_o in_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o narrow_a place_n thereof_o be_v the_o city_n i_o sihseter_n which_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o k_o sea_n twelve_o mile_n from_o this_o city_n unto_o the_o city_n l_o gorham_n by_o the_o sea_n shore_n be_v threescore_o mile_n item_n from_o the_o city_n sihseter_n unto_o the_o outmost_a border_n of_o the_o island_n westward_o be_v m_o three_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o mile_n from_o it_o also_o unto_o the_o haven_n n_o dartermouth_n be_v fourscore_o mile_n then_o from_o thence_o unto_o the_o o_o land_n end_n call_v cornwallia_n be_v a_o hundred_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n sihseter_n unto_o the_o city_n p_o salebures_fw-fr within_o the_o land_n northward_o be_v threescore_o mile_n item_n from_o the_o city_n gorham_n unto_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n q_o hantona_n which_o stand_v upon_o a_o creek_n that_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n be_v five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n off_o into_o this_o creek_n there_o run_v from_o the_o east_n part_v thereof_o the_o river_n of_o r_o wynseter_n from_o s_o wynseter_n unto_o salebures_n westward_n be_v forty_o mile_n from_o hantona_n unto_o the_o city_n t_o shorham_n be_v threescore_o mile_n this_o city_n be_v near_o the_o sea_n from_o it_o along_o by_o the_o sea_n coast_n unto_o the_o city_n u_o hastinge_n be_v fifty_o mile_n from_o it_o follow_v the_o shore_n eastward_o unto_o the_o city_n w_o dubris_n be_v seventy_o mile_n this_o city_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o x_o passage_n whereby_o they_o pass_v from_o england_n unto_o the_o main_a continent_n on_o the_o other_o side_n over_o against_o it_o from_o the_o city_n dubris_n unto_o the_o city_n y_o lundres_n upland_n be_v forty_o mile_n this_o city_n stand_v upon_o a_o great_a river_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n between_o the_o city_n dubris_n and_o the_o city_n z_o giarnmouth_n from_o which_o city_n giarnmouth_n unto_o the_o
city_n a_o targhin_n be_v fourscore_o and_o ten_o mile_n this_o city_n targhin_n rise_v up_o high_a into_o the_o country_n about_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n targhin_n unto_o the_o city_n b_o agrime_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n be_v fourscore_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n giarnmouth_n aforesaid_a the_o sea_n bend_v all_o at_o once_o northward_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o circle_n and_o from_o the_o city_n agrime_n afore-named_n unto_o the_o city_n c_o ephradik_n be_v fourscore_o mile_n this_o city_n be_v far_o from_o the_o ocean_n sea_n hard_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o island_n of_o scotia_n which_o be_v notwithstanding_o join_v to_o the_o i_o will_v england_n from_o the_o city_n ephradik_n unto_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o river_n of_o d_o wyska_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o mile_n e_o this_o wyska_n be_v a_o fortification_n upon_o that_o river_n up_o high_o into_o the_o country_n from_o the_o sea_n twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o city_n agrime_n beforementioned_a unto_o the_o city_n f_o nicola_n upland_n be_v a_o hundred_o mile_n a_o g_o river_n divide_v this_o city_n in_o the_o midst_n and_o run_v from_o it_o unto_o the_o city_n agrime_n and_o so_o upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o it_o fall_v into_o the_o sea_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o from_o nicola_n a_o upland_n city_n unto_o the_o city_n ephradik_n be_v likewise_o fourscore_o and_o ten_o mile_n from_o thence_o unto_o the_o city_n h_o dunelma_n be_v fourscore_o mile_n northward_o upland_n and_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n between_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o wild_a of_o scotia_n unto_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o i_o will_v i_o ireland_n be_v two_o day_n sail_v westward_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o i_o will_v england_n unto_o the_o island_n k_o danas_n but_o one_o day_n sail_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o scotia_n northward_o unto_o the_o island_n l_o roslanda_n be_v three_o day_n sail_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o i_o will_v roslanda_n eastward_o to_o the_o i_o will_v m_o zanbaga_n be_v twelve_o mile_n the_o length_n of_o the_o i_o will_v roslanda_n be_v n_o four_o hundred_o mile_n the_o breadth_n of_o it_o where_o it_o be_v broad_o be_v but_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o mile_n annotation_n by_o the_o translator_n upon_o some_o particular_n for_o the_o better_a help_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o reader_n a_o the_o arabic_a geography_n imprint_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1592._o set_v out_o by_o baptist_n raymund_n at_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o most_o illustrious_a prince_n ferdinand_n medici_n grand_a duke_n of_o tuscan_a in_o italy_n be_v but_o a_o abridgement_n of_o a_o great_a work_n entitle_v ______o nazahti'lmoshtak_n that_o be_v the_o pleasant_a garden_n as_o the_o author_n himself_o in_o his_o preface_n to_o that_o his_o work_n do_v plain_o confess_v which_o abbreviatour_n as_o he_o himself_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o four_o section_n of_o the_o first_o climate_n testify_v be_v a_o african_a bear_v in_o nubia_n for_o he_o there_o say_v that_o in_o this_o parallel_n there_o be_v two_o river_n call_v nilus_n whereof_o the_o one_o which_o be_v vulgar_o know_v by_o that_o name_n and_o be_v for_o difference_n sake_n call_v nilus_n of_o egypt_n run_v along_o by_o our_o country_n ______o ardiana_n from_o south_n to_o north_n upon_o who_o bank_n almost_o all_o the_o city_n both_o of_o egypt_n and_o of_o the_o island_n be_v build_v and_o situate_a by_o many_o place_n of_o this_o his_o work_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o he_o be_v a_o mussulman_n that_o be_v by_o profession_n a_o mahometan_a he_o live_v as_o i_o gather_v above_o five_o hundred_o year_n since_o present_o after_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o norman_n into_o england_n for_o at_o the_o second_o section_n of_o the_o four_o climate_n he_o write_v that_o when_o he_o write_v this_o his_o work_n roger_n be_v king_n of_o sicilia_n but_o whether_o this_o roger_n be_v roger_n the_o father_n son_n of_o tanchred_a the_o norman_a who_o drive_v the_o saracen_n from_o thence_o or_o roger_n his_o son_n who_o in_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n incarnation_n 1103_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n it_o be_v uncertain_a and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v not_o to_o be_v learn_v out_o of_o his_o word_n angliae_fw-la regni_fw-la florentissimi_fw-la nova_fw-la descriptio_fw-la auctore_fw-la humfredo_n lhvyd_n denbygiense_n cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la c_o ______o alinkalaterra_n as_o the_o spaniard_n italian_n and_o french_a do_v call_v it_o that_o be_v england_n or_o the_o angel_n land_n so_o name_v by_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800_o be_v of_o the_o three_o the_o great_a most_o fertile_a &_o flourish_a kingdom_n of_o this_o whole_a isle_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v hereby_o this_o our_o author_n in_o this_o place_n by_o a_o figure_n put_v for_o great_a britain_n the_o part_n for_o the_o whole_a neither_o be_v this_o any_o strange_a thing_n not_o use_v by_o any_o other_o for_o raymundus_n marlianus_n that_o adjoin_v those_o alphabetical_a description_n of_o city_n place_n mountain_n and_o river_n to_o caesar_n commentary_n do_v put_v angliam_fw-la insulam_fw-la and_o angliae_fw-la insulam_fw-la the_o isle_n england_n and_o the_o i_o will_v of_o england_n for_o britanniam_fw-la britain_n such_o be_v the_o marvelous_a greatness_n of_o this_o island_n that_o when_o it_o be_v first_o descry_v by_o the_o roman_n they_o think_v it_o almost_o well_o worthy_a the_o name_n of_o alterius_n orbis_fw-la another_o world_n and_o he_o that_o make_v the_o panegyricke_a oration_n to_o constantius_n write_v that_o julius_n caesar_n who_o first_o discover_v it_o to_o the_o roman_n alium_fw-la se_fw-la orbem_fw-la terrarum_fw-la scripserit_fw-la reperisse_fw-la tantae_fw-la magnitudinis_fw-la arbitratus_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la circumfusa_fw-la oceano_fw-la sed_fw-la complexa_fw-la oceanum_n videretur_fw-la do_v write_v unto_o his_o friend_n that_o he_o have_v find_v another_o world_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v of_o that_o wonderful_a greatness_n that_o it_o can_v nor_o possible_o be_v environ_v round_o on_o all_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o rather_o that_o it_o contrariwise_o do_v enclose_v the_o sea_n and_o for_o that_o it_o lie_v so_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o south_n like_v as_o thule_n it_o be_v by_o poet_n and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n entitle_v vltima_fw-la britannia_fw-la great_a britain_n the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o world_n northward_o d_o ______o alnaama_n in_o avicen_n be_v a_o foul_a call_v of_o the_o latin_n struthium_n a_o ostrich_n as_o gerardus_n cremonensis_n his_o interpreter_n understand_v the_o word_n and_o indeed_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o i_o will_v the_o sea_n fall_v in_o between_o wales_n and_o cornwall_n do_v represent_v the_o neck_n and_o head_n of_o such_o a_o like_a fowl_n with_o the_o mouth_n gape_v wide_o open_a livy_n and_o fabius_n rusticus_n do_v liken_v it_o oblongae_fw-la scutulae_fw-la vel_fw-la bipennt_n to_o aswingle_v stock_n or_o sword_n which_o those_o use_n that_o dress_v hemp_n and_o flax_n to_o a_o twall_n or_o twibill_n a_o kind_n of_o warlike_a weapon_n use_v in_o fight_n by_o some_o nation_n and_o indeed_o the_o whole_a island_n be_v triangular_a triquetra_fw-la they_o call_v it_o but_o of_o unequal_a side_n which_o kind_n of_o figure_n the_o geometer_n call_v scalenum_n may_v also_o aswell_o as_o sicilia_n be_v name_v trinacria_n for_o from_o taruisium_n a_o promontory_n or_o forland_n in_o scotland_n now_o call_v howburne_n all_o along_o by_o the_o shore_n unto_o belerium_n the_o cape_n of_o cornwall_n be_v 812._o mile_n from_o whence_o to_o cantium_n the_o forland_n of_o kent_n be_v 320_o mile_n from_o thence_o again_o to_o howburne_n in_o scotland_n 704_o mile_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n the_o circuit_n and_o compass_n of_o britain_n be_v 1836_o mile_n which_o come_v much_o short_a of_o that_o account_n of_o pliny_n and_o be_v 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whereby_o they_o be_v sometime_o call_v before_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o saxon_n but_o let_v we_o come_v again_o to_o mona_n our_o countryman_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o isle_n speak_v now_o at_o this_o day_n the_o ancient_a british_a tongue_n do_v know_v no_o other_o name_n of_o it_o than_o mon_n for_o so_o they_o all_o general_o call_v it_o polydore_n virgil_n call_v it_o anglesea_n that_o be_v the_o english_a isle_n i_o grant_v that_o this_o island_n be_v subdue_v by_o the_o english_a man_n be_v beautify_v and_o grace_v with_o their_o name_n and_o that_o the_o english_a man_n do_v so_o call_v it_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o i_o pray_v thou_o do_v the_o english_a man_n first_o descry_v this_o island_n be_v it_o never_o see_v before_o or_o have_v it_o no_o name_n at_o all_o before_o their_o come_n hear_v thou_o polydore_n bethink_v thyself_o thou_o may_v aswell_o say_v that_o england_n be_v not_o that_o land_n which_o be_v sometime_o call_v britannia_n nor_o that_o 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island_n and_o the_o controversy_n decide_v without_o any_o manner_n of_o contradiction_n there_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o gildas_n britannus_n that_o ancient_a writer_n a_o man_n every_o kind_n of_o way_n learned_a at_o this_o day_n remain_v in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o illustrious_a earl_n of_o arundel_n the_o only_a learned_a noble_a man_n of_o his_o time_n in_o which_o he_o have_v these_o word_n england_n have_v three_o island_n belong_v to_o it_o wight_n over_o against_o the_o armoricane_n or_o bretaigne_n in_o france_n the_o second_o lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n between_o ireland_n and_o england_n the_o latin_a historian_n do_v call_v it_o eubonia_fw-la but_o vulgar_o in_o our_o mother_n tongue_n we_o call_v it_o manaw_n thou_o hear_v gentle_a reader_n a_o natural_a welsh_a man_n speak_v in_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n for_o thus_o we_o call_v polydore_n virgil_n mona_n in_o our_o native_a language_n even_o at_o this_o day_n moreover_o the_o reverend_a beda_n that_o worthy_a englishman_n famous_a through_o all_o christendom_n in_o his_o day_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o literature_n and_o good_a learning_n in_o the_o nine_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o history_n write_v thus_o at_o which_o time_n also_o the_o people_n of_o northumberland_n nordan_n humbri_n that_o be_v all_o that_o nation_n of_o the_o angle_n which_o do_v inhabit_v upon_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o river_n humber_n with_o edwin_n their_o king_n by_o the_o preach_n of_o paulinus_n of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v a_o little_a before_o be_v convert_v unto_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n this_o king_n in_o take_v of_o good_a success_n for_o his_o entertainment_n of_o the_o gospel_n do_v grow_v so_o mighty_a in_o christianity_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n and_o also_o have_v that_o command_n upon_o the_o earth_n that_o he_o rule_v which_o never_o any_o king_n of_o the_o english_a do_v before_o he_o from_o one_o end_n of_o britain_n to_o the_o other_o and_o be_v king_n not_o only_o of_o the_o english_a but_o also_o of_o all_o the_o shire_n and_o province_n of_o the_o briton_n yea_o and_o he_o bring_v under_o his_o subjection_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n insulae_fw-la menaniae_fw-la here_o i_o do_v think_v that_o for_o menaviae_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v write_v menaviae_n see_v that_o there_o be_v such_o small_a difference_n between_o a_o n_z and_z a_o u._fw-mi that_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v mistake_v and_o one_o put_v for_o another_o moreover_o henry_n archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n a_o worthy_a historiographer_n who_o write_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1140_o one_o that_o follow_v beda_n in_o many_o thing_n almost_o foot_n for_o foot_n do_v seem_v also_o to_o correct_v this_o fault_n and_o clear_v the_o doubt_n for_o he_o set_v forth_o the_o great_a command_n and_o conquest_n of_o this_o edwine_n king_n of_o the_o northumber_n bru_v out_o into_o these_o word_n eduwyn_n the_o king_n of_o the_o 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far_o off_o from_o it_o beside_o the_o orkney_n isle_n which_o do_v seem_v to_o answer_v unto_o the_o three_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o same_o for_o wight_n lie_v hard_a upon_o the_o coast_n of_o loëgria_n which_o now_o be_v call_v england_n anglia_fw-it mona_n which_o the_o english_a call_n anglisea_n pertain_v unto_o cambria_n that_o be_v to_z wales_z but_o the_o i_o will_v eubonia_n which_o have_v two_o other_o name_n menavia_n and_o mania_n lie_v overagainst_a scotland_n these_o three_o wight_n man_n and_o anglisea_n vecta_n mania_n mona_n be_v almost_o all_o of_o one_o bigness_n and_o contain_v the_o like_a quantity_n of_o ground_n thus_o far_o ranulph_n of_o chester_n the_o reason_n why_o gildas_n and_o other_o have_v call_v this_o island_n eubonia_fw-la i_o take_v to_o be_v this_o because_o it_o be_v first_o inhabit_v of_o the_o same_o nation_n
to_o wit_n the_o irish_a of_o the_o which_o the_o euboniae_n the_o west_n isle_n common_o of_o the_o historian_n call_v hebrides_n be_v the_o reverend_a beda_n and_o henry_n huntingdon_n in_o that_o they_o write_v it_o menavia_n do_v seem_v to_o allude_v to_o the_o welsh_a name_n manaw_n but_o this_o be_v it_o which_o we_o will_v have_v thou_o diligent_o to_o observe_v that_o none_o of_o they_o do_v call_v it_o mona_n by_o these_o argument_n and_o testimony_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o mona_n be_v that_o island_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o do_v at_o this_o day_n name_n mona_n or_o mon_n acknowledge_v no_o other_o name_n and_o be_v that_o which_o of_o the_o english_a be_v call_v anglisea_n but_o the_o other_o which_o polydore_n virgil_n and_o such_o as_o do_v love_n with_o he_o to_o wallow_v in_o the_o mire_n rather_o than_o to_o seek_v for_o the_o clear_a stream_n do_v call_v mona_n be_v of_o gildas_n call_v eubonia_fw-la of_o henry_n huntingdon_n menavia_n and_o of_o other_o mania_n here_o i_o will_v conclude_v this_o discourse_n with_o this_o one_o testimony_n which_o may_v indeed_o worthy_o stand_v for_o many_o to_o wit_n this_o of_o sylvester_n girald_n a_o welsh_a man_n bear_v a_o man_n no_o less_o famous_a for_o his_o learning_n than_o for_o his_o noble_a birth_n for_o he_o be_v descend_v from_o that_o noble_a house_n of_o the_o girald_n to_o who_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v behold_v for_o that_o foot_n which_o they_o have_v in_o ireland_n moreover_o he_o be_v great_o belove_v of_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n and_o be_v afterward_o secretary_n to_o king_n john_n his_o son_n who_o name_n also_o be_v very_o famous_a and_o oft_o mention_v in_o the_o pope_n decretal_n for_o be_v but_o bishop_n of_o s._n david_n in_o wales_n he_o do_v notwithstanding_o contend_v with_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n about_o the_o prerogative_n &_o primacy_n this_o man_n i_o say_v in_o that_o his_o book_n which_o he_o entitle_v itinerarium_fw-la balwini_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la cantuariensis_n crucem_fw-la in_o infideles_fw-la per_fw-la cambrian_a praedicantis_fw-la the_o journal_n or_o travel_n of_o baldwin_n archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n when_o as_o he_o preach_v the_o gospel_n and_o cross_n of_o christ_n against_o the_o infidel_n throughout_o all_o wales_n who_o company_n he_o never_o forsake_v in_o all_o that_o peregrination_n write_v thus_o of_o the_o i_o will_v mona_n on_o the_o morrow_n we_o pass_v by_o the_o castle_n of_o caeraruon_a and_o from_o thence_o through_o the_o valley_n and_o steep_a hill_n and_o mountain_n we_o come_v unto_o bangor_n where_o we_o be_v most_o kind_o entertain_v of_o the_o bishop_n who_o name_n be_v gwian_n who_o be_v almost_o constrain_v to_o take_v up_o the_o cross_n of_o christ_n with_o a_o great_a lamentation_n and_o shout_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n both_o man_n and_o woman_n from_o thence_o cross_v a_o vety_n narrow_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o pass_v over_o to_o mona_n a_o island_n lie_v about_o two_o mile_n off_o from_o the_o main_a land_n here_o rothericke_n the_o young_a son_n of_o owen_n come_v very_o devout_o with_o all_o the_o people_n of_o that_o i_o will_v and_o of_o the_o country_n round_a about_o he_o to_o meet_v us._n there_o they_o make_v as_o it_o be_v a_o theatre_n of_o the_o craggy_a rock_n by_o the_o preach_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o of_o alexander_n the_o archdeacon_n of_o that_o place_n many_o be_v win_v unto_o the_o cross_n and_o to_o believe_v in_o jesus_n christ_n but_o certain_a young_a man_n lustie-blood_n of_o the_o servant_n and_o follower_n of_o rothericke_n which_o sit_v overagainst_a we_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v draw_v to_o bear_v the_o cross_n of_o these_o some_o within_o a_o little_a while_n after_o follow_v certain_a thief_n or_o freebooters_a be_v slay_v outright_o other_o hurt_v and_o dangerous_o wound_v do_v of_o their_o own_o head_n lay_v a_o worldly_a cross_a one_o upon_o another_o back_n rothericke_n be_v marry_v to_o prince_n reese_n daughter_n who_o be_v ally_v to_o he_o in_o the_o three_o degree_n her_o by_o no_o admonition_n he_o can_v be_v make_v to_o put_v away_o from_o he_o hope_v that_o by_o her_o mean_n he_o shall_v the_o better_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v himself_o against_o his_o brother_n child_n who_o he_o have_v disherit_v and_o put_v by_o their_o land_n and_o possession_n notwithstanding_o it_o fall_v out_o contrary_a to_o his_o expectation_n for_o within_o awhile_o after_o they_o recover_v all_o again_o out_o of_o his_o hand_n this_o island_n have_v three_o hundred_o three_o and_o forty_o village_n or_o farm_n yet_o it_o be_v esteem_v but_o at_o three_o cantred_n britain_n have_v three_o island_n lie_v not_o far_o off_o from_o it_o all_o almost_o of_o like_a quantity_n and_o bigness_n wight_n upon_o the_o south_n mon_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o man_n upon_o the_o northwest_o the_o two_o former_a be_v very_o near_o to_o the_o continent_n the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o they_o be_v sever_v from_o england_n be_v but_o very_o narrow_a and_o not_o far_o over_o the_o three_o which_o be_v call_v man_n lie_v mid_a way_n between_o ulster_n a_o province_n of_o ireland_n and_o gallawey_n of_o scotland_n mona_n or_o mon_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o wheat_n which_o it_o yield_v ordinary_o every_o year_n be_v call_v the_o mother_n of_o wales_n and_o a_o little_a beneath_o the_o same_o author_n write_v thus_o of_o this_o island_n hugh_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o arundel_n with_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n enter_v this_o island_n by_o force_n do_v shut_v dog_n all_o night_n in_o the_o church_n of_o fefridanke_n which_o the_o next_o morning_n be_v find_v all_o stark_a mad_a and_o he_o himself_o afterward_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o orkeney_n isle_n come_v thither_o as_o pirate_n and_o sea-robber_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o magnus_n their_o captain_n be_v shoot_v 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