Non-sequitur 6ly The Kings of England France Spain Hungary Poland Denmark Sweden Bohemia Scotland Cyprus and others have been usually anointed crowned by their own Bishops the Kings of England most frequently by the Archbishops of Canterbury yet some times by the Archbishop of York or Bishop of London or Winchester Are therefore these Bishops that crown anoint them Kings thereby intituled to be their Soveraign Lords in all Temporal and Spiritual things and advanced above all other Archbishops and Bishops in their Realms not present at their Coronation Consecration and may dispose of their Bishopricks Crowns kingdoms at their pleasures If not I hope the Roman Pontifs will from henceforth disclaim this grand Argument for their Supremacy as most false and absurd The rather because none of the Jewish high Priests Priests ever pretended to much lesse exercised such a power over any of their most impious idolatrous Kings as Popes both claimed and exercised over pious Christian Kings Emperours to their eternal infamy And because Kings are actual Kings by desent or election before their Coronations The 3d. and principal warrant from the Old Testament which Popes and their Parasites insist on for their Supream Athority over all Christian Pagan Kings and Emperors Persons Crowns Kingdoms to dispose depose root out destroy them at their wills is that Text of Jeremy 1. 10. The Lord said unto Jeremiah See I have this day set thee over the Nations and over kingdomes to root out and to pull down and to destroy and to throw down to build and to plant Whence they thus argue Jeremiah the Priest to whom this power under the Law was given was but a Type of the Popes Christs Vicar General his absolute Dominion power under the Gospel of whom this Text was principally meant Therefore Popes may pull down root out destroy and throw down all Kings Emperors Kingdoms at their pleasures and dispose of them at their wills Thus Pope Gregory the 7th in his Confirmation of his Execration of Henry the Emperor Pope Innocent the 3d. Pope John the 22d Ostiensis Alvarus Pelagius Augustinus Triumphans Caspar Scoppius Carerius Radulfus Cupers Lelius Zecchus Bozius Marta Bellarmine and other Romanists conclude with very great Confidence from this Text. But to dismount these aspring Roman Bishops and Rooks I shall desire them to demonstrate first how Jeremiah only one of the private Priests of Anathoth not the high Priest of the Jews was in this and this alone a Type of the Pope or Peter If not then their pretences argument are false If yea then let them produce some Scripture warrant for it 2ly How Jeremiah and the high Priest too from whom they claim their power can be both Types at once of the Pope and his Papal pretended prerogatives 3ly Whether the High Priest had any such Supremacy vested in him as Jeremiah here received If not then Jeremiah was paramount him in Jurisdiction and might remove extirpate him at his pleasure as well as whole Nations Kingdoms being a Member of the Israelitish Nation and Realm and so the High Priest not Supream as they formerly argued If yea What need of any such special Commission from God to Jeremiah alone without the high Priests privity or delegation to the prejudice of his inherent high priesthood 4ly Whether this transcendent power was given only to Jeremiah as an extraordinary Prophet of God sanctifyed in and called from the womb or as he was an ordinary Priest If as an extraordinary Prophet only as the Text expresly resolves then Popes can lay no Title to it till they can prove themselves such extraordinary sanctifyed called Prophets as Jeremiah and produce the like special divine Commission to each of them from God himself as he received If as to an ordinary Priest alone then every ordinary Priest among the Jewes heretofore had and by like consequence every ordinary Masse-priest in the Church of Rome hath as absolute a Soveraign power over all Kings Emperors Nations Kingdoms of the world as the high Priest or Pope himself pretends to from this Text and then where is his sole Monarchy over them when equally and intirely divided amongst so many inferiour Priests or any Kings or Kingdoms safety 5ly Whether it extends to Kings there being not a word of Kings but only of Nations Kingdoms in this Text 6ly Whether Jeremiah by virtue of this Commission did either challenge or exercise any such Soveraign Authority over Amon Jehoiakim or Zedekiah Kings of Iudah their kingdom under whom he lived though very wicked and idolatrous by deposing them from their thrones absolving their Subjects from their allegiance and setting up other Kings in their steads If not it is infallible then this was no Commission for such a rooting out destroying pulling and throwing down as these Pontificians dream of but of far different Nature to wit only by denouncing Gods judgements against them that if they persevered in their sins God himself would root out and destroy pull and throw them down but if they repented upon his menaces he would build and plant them This God himself declared to be his only meaning even to Ieremiah himself and to us ch 19. 5. to 11. Then the word of the Lord came to me saying O House of Israel cannot I do with you as this Potter saith the Lord Behold as the clay is in the Potters hand so are ye in my hand O house of Israel At what instant I shall speak concerning a Nation and concerning a Kingdom to pluck up and pull down and to destroy it If that Nation against whom I have pronounced turn from their evil I will repent of the evil that I thought to do unto them And at what instant I shall speak concerning a Nation and concerning a Kingdom to build and to plant it If it do evil in my sight that it obey not my voice then I will repent of the good wherewith I said I would benefit them Now therefore go to speak to the men of Judah and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem saying Thus saith the Lord Behold I frame evil against you and devise a devise against you return ye now every one from his evil way and make your wayes and your doings good This way of working out pulling down building up and planting Kings and kingdoms and no other he useth throughout his prophecy especially ch 25. 17. to 38. where God commands him to take the wine cup of his fury at his hand and to make all the Kings and kingdoms of the world to drink it that so they may spue and fall and rise no more and become a desolation for their sins if they repented not This was the rooting up and pulling down which Samuel exercised towards Saul the first King of Israel and his kingdom when he thus publikely menaced them But if ye shall still do wickedly ye shall be destroyed both you
enim quod mentitur occidit animom Sed absit ut tanta de tali viro credatur duplicitas quanta ab ipso ei imponitur Nempe Innocentius hic erat cui si pro se respondere liceret proculdubio diceret huic quia ego palam in te dedi sententiam in occulto locutus sum nihil At last to satisfie St. Bernards importunity Eugenius removed William by his Papal power and presently consecrated Henry Murdac Archbishop sending him into England with his Pall to the great offence of our King Stephen who was much grieved with the disgrace of William being his Cosen which all men judged undeserved The King thereupon denyed to admit him unlesse he would swear fealty to him in an extraordinary manner which he refusing the King detained his Temporalities and the Citizens of Yorke shut their gates against him for which resistance he interdicted the City whereupon divers seditions and tumults were raised for the space of 3. years till his submission and reconciliation to the King Upon the death of Pope Eugenius and St. Bernard Williams heavy adversaries he repairing to Rome complained to Pope Anastatius his successor of his unjust deprivation by Eugenius upon tyding of the death of Murdac the Pope sensible of his former Injuries sustained without any great suit restored him unto all his honours of which he was unjustly deprived soon after he returned with his Pall to his Archbishoprick notwithstanding a new Appeal of the Dean and Archdeacon of Yorke to hinder his installment Of which more in its due place being here inserted only to evidence the grosse Injustice Corruption Bribery of Pope Innocent Caelestine Eugenius and the Court of Rome in cases of Appeals by St. Bernards testimony and Pope Anastatius his resolution particularly in this case of William Archbishop of York relating to England I now return to my Chronological method After the death of Pope Caelestine the 2d Anno 1144. post triduum Cardinales convocati Gerardum Caccianimicum Civem Bononensem quem Honorius ex canonico regulari Cardinalem Sancti Crucis in Hierusalem coaptaverat sublegêre eoque consâ—crato Lucium secundum edidere nomen in omnia superbi Pontifex creabatur writes Balaeus Interim novum Romani tumultum excitaverunt in opposition to the Popes Supremacy etenim Senatoribus quos instituerant non contenti Patricium Celsioris magistratum fastigii adjecerunt ac vectigalia omnia tam urbana quam peregrina Pontifici erepta ei attribuerunt Pontificemque sacris decimis et largitionibus dignitatem tueri suam jusserunt Ea dignitas delata trimum est ad Jordanem Petri Leonis filium hominem in urbe vetere nobilitate ac populari gratia potentissimum Quas actiones Lucius primum blanditiis impedire contendit deinde inanes eas expertus vim adhibendam putavit Itaque postero ineunte Anno 1145. Lucius à Romanis propter hoc vehementer exagitatus supplex per Legatos Conradum Imperatorem in Italiam vocabat sed Conradus aliunde impeditus illuc venire non poterat nec ejus tunc inservire tyrannidi Lucius ergo ex alia via rem comparandam ratus expâ—ctabat donec semel essent Senatores omnes cum Patricio in Capitolio congregati ut de rebus suis consultarent tunc exercitu coâ— parato Senatores in Capitolio obsedit Papaliter factum ordinem illum qui libertatis Romanae erat fundamentum cupiens vel omninoâ— perâ—ere vel saltem expellere Quo apparatu cognito Jordanes Patricius cum majori manu occurrit populusque ad arma cucurrit commissoque praelio ipsum Pontificem cum suis à Capitolio repulit Lucius militio iâ—â—mixtus lapidibus â—axis ità est quassatus so little did the people esteem his Papacy or Sanctity ut neque amplius usque ad diem obitus sui qui proximè consecutus est in â—olio Pontificio consedisset primo nondum sinito sui Pontisicatus anno Mat. Paris Mat. Westminster and others write that this Pope Lucius sent a Pall to Henry Bishop of Winchester volens apud Wintoniam novum conâ—â—ituere Archiepiscopâ—tum et septem ei Episcopos assignaâ—e Henry going to Rome to obtain the name and office of a Legate which some write he missed but William Thorne assures us he obtained from Pope Lacius who by his special Bull confirmed the agreement made between Hâ—gh Abbot of St. Augustin and his brethren and Theobald Archbishop of Canterbury concerning an annual rent due to the Archbishop from the Monastery which was composed at Rome by this Pope who ratified the Liberties of the Monastery and Church of Canterbury Pope Lucius dying of his bruises Eugenius the 3. Patria Pisanus Cisterciensis olim sectae sub divo Bernardo Monachus ejusque discipulus Romae Sancti Anastatii Abbas consensu Cardinalium qui in aede Sancti Caesarii convenerunt Lucio in Papatu hac ratione successit cogitaverant Cardinals in praesenti tunc rerum statu non expâ—dire ut ex suo collâ—gio quisquam in Pontificem eligeretur cum ita jus Libertatis a Romanis civibus quaeratur Bernardi quoque crâ—brescentem famam multum 〈…〉 suam facere putabant atque si ejus diâ—cipulum eligâ—rint praeceptoris authoritatem auxilium consilâ—um nunquam defuturum suis desideriis sperabant Nec eos feseliit spes subdola auxit enim Bernardus quantum potuit Romani Pontifics authoritatem As soon as St. Bernard heard of this elect on being a plain-hearted man he writ this chiding Epistle to the Cardinals and Bishops for making such an unfitting choyce Epist 236. ad Omnem Curiam Romanam quando eligerunt Abbatem Sancti Anastasii in Papam Eugenium Dominis Patribus venerandis Cardinalibus Episcopis omnibus qui sunt de Curia puer Sanctit itis eorum Parcat vobis Deus quid fecistis Sepultum hominem revocastis ad homines fugitantem curas et turbas cur denuo implicuistis et immiscuistis turbis fecistis novissimum primum et ecce novissima illius periculosiora prioribus Crucifixus mundo per vos revirit mundo qui elegerat abjectus esse in domo Dei sui ipsum vos in Dominum omnium elegistis Cur consilium inopis corfudistis Cur pauperis hominis mendici compuncti corde judicium perturbastis Currebat bene Quid vobis visum est sepire vias ejus avertere semitas gressus involvere Quasi descenderet de Hierusalem et non magis ascenderet de Hiericho sic incidit in latrones et qui se tanquam violentis quibusdam Diaboli manibus carnis illecebris et gloriae seculi potenter excusserat non tamen valuit effugere manus vestras Num idcirco Pisam deseruit ut reciperet Romam Num qui in una Ecclesia non sustinuit Vicedominatum dominatum in omni Ecclesia requirebat Quid igitur rationis vel consilii habuit defuncto summo Pontifice repente irruere in hominem rusticanum latenti injicere manus
An Exact CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY AND FULL DISPLAY OF POPES Intollerable Usurpations Upon the antient just Rights Liberties of the Kings Kingdoms Clergy Nobility Commons of ENGLAND and IRELAND THE design of this Chronological History and Display being principally to remonstrate to the world by irrefragable Testimonies and Records the manifold unsufferable Vsurpations of the Bishops and See of Rome from time to time upon the antient indubitable just Rights and Liberties of the Kings Churches Nobles Commons of England and Ireland whiles they continued under their Foreign Jurisdiction More especially by Excomâ—unications Interdicts absolving Subjects from their Oathes of Allegiaâ—ce raising Rebellions dethroning our Kings enforcing them to resign their Crowns to become their sworn Vassals Tributaries exempting Bishops Clerks from their Homage Judicatures collating Bishopricks Monasteries Ecclesiastical Dignities Benefices by Provisions to Aliens or others translating swearing Bishops Abbots to them and their Papal See vacating due Elections at their pleasures Appeals to Rome Dispensations Tenths Procurations First-Fruits Bribes Symony Crossadoes varieties of Extortions Oppressions by their Legates and other Instruments To discover their originals progresse growth revivals suppressions with the manifold memorable Complains Letters Oppositions Writs Prohibitions Declarations against them both in and out of Parliament and the frequent Treacheries Usurpations of our Popish Prelates Spiritual Courts Officers upon our Kings just Rights Prerogatives Regalities Courts Subjects Liberties to the extraordinary dâ—â—ger mischief of the Crown Realm Church Christian Religion and peoples grievance And what Soveraign Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction our Kings as Gods Vicars have exercised from King Lucius his Conversion Anno 183. till the total extirpation of the Popes usurped Authority by King Henry the 8. and Edward the 6. by Histories and memorable Records in the Tower and Rolls for the most part unknown to our greatest Clerks Antiquaries worthy publick view yea adding much light to our Ecclesiastical and Political Histories very defective in these Transactions of grand Importance I apprehended it absolutely necessary by way of Introduction like a Wise Builder to lay a deep sure Foundation whereon to bottom this Weighty Structure that so if any Floods shall hereafter come or Windes blow and beat upon it from Rome or other Quarters they may not be able to shake or overturn it because it is founded upon a Rock To this end I shall by Gods assistance in one intire Book Chronologically and Historically remonstrate and where necessity requires Polemically examine discusse the Original of Soveraign Jurisdiction in what Persons God himself hath setled the Primitive Right and Exercise thereof as well over the Churches Militant as Civil State from Adams Creation till Christs Ascension and from thence till this present age And irrefragably demonstrate by Scripture Heathen Philosophers Fathers Councils Ecclesiastical Histories Imperial Laws Edicts Popes own Epistles Decretals Bulls Archbishops Bishops Popish Divines School-men Canonists Protestant Writers Testimonies and Presidents in all ages That the Supreme Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction in governing protecting reforming the Church and people of God maintaining propagating the Orthodox Christian Faith the true publike worship of God suppressing all Heresies Errors Blasphemies Idolatries Schisms sinnes against both Tables in all Persons as well Ecclesiastical as Temporal taking care of the souls and salvation of men is originally vested by God himself in Kings Emperors or Soveraign Princes as Gods Vicegerents and Christs Vicars upon Earth as the principal part of their Royal Authority Office Trust not in High-Priests Priests Apostles Popes Patriarchs Archbishops Bishops or any other Ecclesiastical persons whatsoever who are all Subjects to and subordinate Ministers under them in the Churches Militant within their respective Empires Kingdoms Dominions as all inferiour Civil Magistrates Officers of Justice are in their Civil States Kingdoms Courts And that the received Distinction of two supreme Jurisdictions Powers specifically different from and independent on each other in their very essence nature by Divine Institution and at least ever since our Saviours Ascension immediately vested in two distinct callings professions of men to wit the Soveraign Civil Jurisdiction in and over all secular persons affairs in Emperors Kings and Temporal Powers alone the Supreme Ecclesiastical or Spiritual Jurisdiction in and over all Churches Militant Bishops Priests Church-Members Divine and Ecclesiastical affaires only in Popes or Patriarchs not Emperors Kings Secular Princes States is but a meer Popish Imposture Forgery Fancy Stratagem to cheat rob deprive all Christian Emperors Kings Princes of the richest Pearl Jewel chiefest Branch and Flower of their Diadems to exempt the Clergy from their Jurisdictions under this pretext and to subject both their Persons Crowns Kingdoms Subjects to the Antichristian Usurpations Tyrannies Exorbitances Oppressions of Ambitious Popes Prelates Priests as Ecclesiastical Histories evidence ever since this Heresie of two distinct Soveraign Authorities delegated by Divine Institution to two several Functions was first broached in the Christian Church being the same in substance with that of Duo Principia condemned by Popes themselves and the greatest Champions of their Universal Soveraign Monarchy as a most dangerous Heresie invented first by Marcion Manes Hermogenes and other Hereticks against whom Tertullian thus long since argued Quid erit unicum singulare nisi cui nihil adaequabitur Quid principale nisi quod super omnia nisi quod ante omnia in quo omnia Haec Deus solus habendo est solus habendo Deus est Si alius habuerit tot jam erunt Dii quot habuerint quae Dei sunt Quod summum sit Deus est summum autem non erit nisi quod unicum fuerit Unicum autem esse non poterit cui aliquid adaequabitur Veritas autem sic unum Deum exigit defendendo ut solius sit quicquid ipsius est Ita enim ipsius erit si fuerit solius Et ex hoc alius Deus non possit admitti dum nemini licet habere de Deo aliquid Ergo inquis nec nos habemus Dei aliquid Imo habemus habebimus sed ab ipso non à nobis Nam Dii erimus si meruerimus illi esse de quibus praedicavit Ego dixi vos Dii estis stetit Deus in Ecclesia Deorum sed ex gratia ipsius non ex nostra proprietate quia ipse est solus qui Deos faciat I may most aptly apply it to Emperors Kings who are Earthly Gods made such by God in their own Kingdoms as his Vice-roys The Soveraign Power Jurisdiction over all persons Churches causes as well Civil as Ecclesiastical within their respective Realms must be but one inâ—ire indivisible Soveraign Authority incommunicable unto any other subject or person whatsoever but by subordinate derivation and delegation by from or under them else they should presently cease to be Earthly Gods had Popes or Bishops a distinct Supreme Ecclesiastical Power within their Realms coequal with underived from or independent on them Whence St.
evade these Texts objected against the Popes Temporal Monarchy asserting That Christ had a Temporal Kingdom and that his Universal Kingdom takes away all other Kingdoms who by his death hath evacuated all other Principalities Powers Empires and temporal Kingdoms in the world and bought them to himself from the Devil to whom Adam by his Sin had sold them and given the Pope his Viceroy the universal possession of them by little and little since his death which they shew not though himself never actually possessed them during his abode on earth But their answers are so false so absurd I shall not spend time to refell them but proceed 2ly Christ and his Apostle Saint Peter by Peters own hand payd Tribute to Cesar for himself and Peter working a Miracle to pay it having no money in his purse causing commanding Peter to catch just so much as both their Polemoneys came to in a Fishes mouth And he asserted the right of Caesars Tribute commanding all To give unto Cesar the things that are Cesars mentioned in the first place and unto God the things that are Gods with the same obedience and tye of conscience Yea though he was the natural Sonne of God and King David too which might have exempted him and his Disciples from rendring Tribute to Caesar yet he paid it not only de facto but ex debito to fulfill all righteousnesse as Jerom and least He and Peter should give an offence unto them not they take scandall at it as Cardinal Cajetan Lucas Burgensis and others Note Now had he been a Temporal King then and there de facto he should have received Tribute from others yea those who demanded it from him and Peter not have paid it thus unto them to the prejudice of his Temporal Dominion and Kingship St. Ambrose from this example of Christs paying Tribute makes his inference Tributum petit Imperator non negamus Magnum quidem est speciale documentum quo Christiani veri Praelati sublimioribus potestatibus docentur debere esse subjecti ne quis constitutionem terrenae Regis putet esse solvendam Si enim censum Filius Dei solvit Quis tu tantus es qui putas esse non solvendum which he backs with Rom 13. 1. c. 1 Pet. 2 13. This resolution of his is inserted into the body of the Canon Law Gratian caus 11 qu. 1. cap. Si Tributum caus 23. qu. 8. which is likewise confessed by Pope Gregory the 1. and Pope Urban there cited by Gratian the Glossers thereon And not only so but this very Speech of Christ to Peter Give unto them for me and thee and the Officers demand unto Peter Doth not your Master pay Tribute coupled with Christs demand to Peter Of whom do the Kings of the Earth receive tribute or custom of their own children or strangers is produced as a strong Argument for Peters Supremacy over all the rest of the Apostles and his Universal Vicarship since he alone was coupled with and made equal to Christ himself in paying the Pollmoney and much insisted on by Alvarus Pelagius and other Pontificans for this purpose Yet Pope Boniface the 7. by his Papal authority decreed Anno 1296 That That no Ecclesiastical person whatsoever under pain of Excommunication should by any means whatsoever pay any Aydes or Tribute to any Secular Prince though demanded of them upon urgent occasions upon which all the Convocation Bishops Clergy of England in two several Parliaments peremptorily refused to grant or pay any Ayd to King Edw. 1. for the necessary defence of the Realm for which he put them all out of his protection and confiscated their goods and other Popes Canonists plead a general Exemption of all Prelates Clergymen and Religious persons from Taxes and Tributes to their Princes contrary to the expresse precepts and presidents of Christ himself St. Peter St. Paul St. Ambrose and those two Popes constitutions to evade this Argument of Subjection to Kings and Emperors as the Supream powers 3ly Christ foretold his Disciples that they should be brought before Kings Governors and Councils for his sake for a Testimony against them and he promised to give them in that hour what to answer to accusers by way of submission to their Regal power and jurisdiction not to demurr unto it as having no power over them and totally exempted from their temporal Jurisdiction as Popes and Priests claim now Yea Christ himself the very Lord of Glory submitted himself without any reluctancy or demurrer to the Jurisdiction of Pontius Pilate the Governor who adjudged him to be crucified Who demanding of him at his trial Knowest thou not that I have POWER to crucifie thee and I have POWER to release thee He answers Thou couldest have no Power over me unless it were given thee from above thereby acknowledging That his temporal power over him was vested in him by God therefore not to be resisted but submitted to as Peter himself at his martyrdom 4ly Christ professed Luke 12. 47. I came not to Judge the world as a temporal King or Judge upon which account when one of the company said unto him Master speak to my brother that he may divide the inheritance with me He said unto him Man who made me a judge or divider over you Thereby declaring that he had no judicial inherent temporal power over any private persons inheritance from God or Man ◠much lesse then over Kings and Kingdoms 5ly As Christ himself disclaimed all temporal Regal power and jurisdiction so his Apostle St. Peter from whose pretended Primacy all Popes derive their Titles claims both to Regal and Pontifical Jurisdiction in his first Catholick Epistle to all Gods elect ones as well Bishops Priests as Laymen in all the earth After he had acquainted them with the excellency of their Christian state that they are a chosen generation a Royal Priesthood and Popes pretend to no more then what every good christian by St. Peters verdict enjoyes in common with them an holy Nation a peculiar people now the people of God though no people before c. lest they should pretend an exemption thereby from all Kings and Civil Magistrates as being as much advanced above their Jurisdiction by Christs the King of Kings making them Kings and Priests to God his Father as Popes and Popish Prelates pretend they are presently subjoyns this quite contrary Practise and peremptory precept k 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Subjecti estote igitur Be ye therefore Subiect to every Ordinance of Man or human creature for the Lord or Lords sake 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whether to the King as Supream Regi ut Supereminenti as the Vulgar Arias Montanus and others translate it not to my self as Christs supream Vicar-General or my successors at Rome Or unto Governors which he backs with these invincible reasons 1. Because they are sent by God himself though ordained by
Pope though restored by his means or to read the Popes Letter to him not to send any Greek Priest among the Bulgarians though conjured by him not to do it 10ly That the Popes Legates returning to Rome were taken prisoners by the Sclavi bonis omnibus atque autentico in quo omnes subscriptiones erant privati qui Imperialibus Apostolicis literis vix liberati sine autentico actorum libro revertuntur so that Surius and other Romanists having no authentick Copies of this Synod have foisted into the fragments of it many passages making for the Popes and Church of Romes Supremacy the Clergies power but against the Emperors Jurisdiction Laymens presence votes in Councils in matters of faith and Ecclesiastical affairs out of Pope Nicholas and Adrians Letters which was never assented to nor recorded in the Authentick Acts of this Synod wherein Bahanis a Layman bare chief sway 11ly That Laurentius Surius himself hath prefixed before his imperfect fragments and Epitome of its Actions De octavo Synodo admonitio ad Lectorem viz. Triplicem Octavam Constantinopoli habitam Synodum historiae loquuntur Primam in qua praeter fas ejecto Ignatio repente ex aulico neophyto creatus est Constantinopolitana Urbis Antistes Photius Alteram quae pulso Photio restituit suae sedi Ignatium Tertiam sub Johanne Octavo Romano Pontifice qui mortuo Ignatio pacis conciliandae causa Photium Constantinopolitanis Episcopum reddidit Ex his mediam docti viri Octavam recte ac merito oecumenicam censent dici oportere tametsi Graeci quidem aliter sentire videantur quorum judicia non sunt magni penaenda Semper enim illi quadam mulatione feruntur erga Latinam Ecclesiam difficile est morosis ingeniis per omnia satisfacere c. Sed iis omissis hoc te lector admonitum volumus nos dare quidem in praesentiarum legendam tibi Octavam Synodum sed ita tamen ut multa ex ejus Actionibus desiderentur Neque enim habuimus exemplar integrum sed ab illis mutuaâ— sumus qui in compendium epitomen ipsas Actiones redigere voluerint Sub finem tamen quaedam adjuximus ex aliis bona fide collectis ad eandem Synodum pertinentia 2ly It is observable that the true cause of Photius his deposition and Ignatius his restitution by the Emperor Basilius and this Synod was because Basilius prohibitus fuit a Communione per Photium Patriarcham propter caedem Michaelis Imperatoris not because he was made Patriarch in his stead being a meer Courtier and Layman before against the Canons St. Ambrose with sundry others being made Patriarchs Archbishops Bishops yea Popes in the Eastern and Western Churches and England though mere Laymen and Courtiers when elected yea after Ignatius his death Photius was restored to his Patriarchship notwithstanding this exception 13ly It is worthy consideration what advantage Pope Nicholas the 1. and Adrian the 2d made of these schisms and differences between Ignatius and Michael Photius and Basilius Patriarchs and Emperors of Constantinople to advance their own usurped Supremacy over the Greek Emperors and Church all other Princes Prelates and Councils themselves if their Epistles Rescripts registred by Gratian and others be genuine not forged as many justly repute them For Pope Nicholas in his Letters to the Emperor Michael upon the complaint of Ignatius that he was unjustly deposed by the Emperor took upon him not only most insolently to revile check and trample upon the Emperor Michael but likewise to inlarge his own Papal power beyond all bounds and to deny abridge abolish the Emperors antient Ecclesiastical Right and Jurisdiction averring 1. That Popes have an Universal Jurisdiction over all Patriarchs Archbishops and Bishops to receive appeals from and restore them to their Sees whereof they were deprived either by Emperors Kings or Councils by their Papal authority 2. That Popes have power to summon General National or Provincial Synods for this purpose without Emperors or Kings assents and to enjoyn Emperors to suppresse all Councils Synods enacting any thing to the prejudice of the Pope or Church of Rome as meer wicked Conventicles 3ly That Emperors Kings or Laymen ought not to be present much lesse to preside in any Synods or Councils where Ecclesiastical matters are debated nor have any authority to intermeddle with or to make Lawes Constitutions for the Church or Clergy but only Popes and Bishops 4ly That Emperors and Kings have no right power to judge or dethrone Popes Bishops or other Clergy-men for any crimes nor yet to elect promote constitute Bishops or confer Bishopricks but only Popes and their Delegates 5ly That Popes may judge excommunicate depose Emperors Kings and other Laymen 7ly That the Jurisdiction power office of Emperors and Kings is confined by God and Christ only to worldly or secular not extended to Ecclesiastical religious or divine affairs which belong wholly and solely to Popes Bishops and Church-men 7ly That Popes and Prelates by their Canons and Constitutions may repeal null controll the Lawes Edicts of Kings or Emperors but they can neither null nor repeal their Canons Constitutions nor act ought against them These with other Antichristian Paradoxes Pope Adrian broached decreed upon the score of Ignatius and his successors have since incorporated them into the body of their Canon Lawes After the death of Caroâ—us Calvus Pope John the 9th intended to make and Crown Ludovicus Balbus Emperor but the Senate and Citizens of Rome standing for Carolus Crassus against the bribed Pope who persisted obstinate they thereupon cast him into prison from whence he escaping fled into France for succour and there Crowned Ludovicus Balbus Emperor Charles in the mean time seising upon Rome called the Pope out of France to Rome by menaces who returning thither upon his summons crowned Charles Emperor in Rome to purchase his peace with him that so he might safely reside there An Argument of his Supremacy over this Pope Pope Martin the 2d Seditione malis artibus Pontificalem dignitatem acquisivit whereupon Primo huius tempore non expectabatur Caesaris authoritas in creando Pontifice nec quaerebatur eius admissio which till then was customarily required Ita paulatim sese Pontifices Imperatorum potestate exuerunt ut facilius eos tum demum contererent pedibus Sed eo foelicius provenit Ecclesiae Urbi quod in tam male acquisito Papatu diutius non duraverit writes Balaeus he dying within 13. months after Pope Hadrian the 3d. statim post initum Pontificatum nactus opportunitatem per Caroli Crassi absentiam qui tunc exercitum ab Italia in Normannos diripientes Galliam eduxerat encouraged by his predecessors Usurpations upon the Emperors antient right in the election and confirmation of Popes proceeded one step further utterly to abolish it for the future Tantae audaciae supercilii fuit ut mox adepto Papatu
quem pertinuerit Siquis autem a Clero et populo praeter tuum assensum electus fuerit nisi a te investiatur a nemine consecretur Sane Episcopi vel Archiepiscopi libertatem habeant a te investitos Episcopos vel Abbates Canonice consecrandi Praedecessores enim vestri Ecclesias regni sui tantis regalium suorum beneficiis ampliarunt ut regnum ipsorum Episcoporum maxime vel Abbatum praesidiis oporteat communiri et populares dissensiones quae in electionibus saepe contingant regali oporteat Majestate compesci Quamobrem prudentiae et potestativae curae debes sollicitius imminere ut Romanae Ecclesiae celsitudo et caeterarum salus praestante Domino beneficiis et servitiis conservetur Si qua igitur Ecclesiastica vel Secularis persona hanc nostrae concessionis paginam temerario ausu pervertere temptaverit anathematis vinculo nisi resipuerit innodetur honoris quoque ac dignitatis suae periculum patiatur Observantes autem misericordia divina custodiat et personam potestatemque tuam ad honorem suum et gloriam foeliciter imperare concedat His conventionibus juramentis inter Dominum Papam Imperatorem in Paschali festivitate facta est Concordia Deinde Romam Idus Aprilis Imperator venit quem Papa in Ecclesia Sancti Petri missam celebrans Imperatorem consecravit ei omnibusque suis absolutionem fecit omnem injuriam sibi factam condonavit The Emperor being thus solemnly Crowned and receiving this Charter concerning Investitures and Oath from the Pope and Cardinals not long after departed out of Italy with his forces being conducted by the Pope Cardinals Prelates with all possible professions expressions of future loyalty and affection to him No sooner were the Emperor and his forces departed out of Italy but this most perfidious ambitious Pope upon this occasion summoned a Council at Rome on purpose to null and abrogate all these his Concessions and Oath to the Emperor as made by mere duresse and constraint thus related by the forecited Historians Anno Domini 1112 Anno Pontificatus Domini Papae Paschalis secundi 13. Indictione quinta mense Martio 15. Calend. Aprilis Celebratum est Romae Concilium Lateranis in basilica Constantiniana In qua cum Dominus Papa resedisset cum Archiepiscopis Episcopis Cardinalibus varia multitudine Clericorum Laicorum ultima die Concilii facta coram omnibus professione Catholicae fidei ne quis de fide ipsius dubitaret dixit Amplector omnem divinam Scripturam scilicet Veteris ac Novi Testamenti Legem a Moyse scriptam a Sanctis Prophetis Amplector 4. Evangelia 7. Canonicas Epistolas Epistolas gloriosi Doctoris beati Pauli Apostoli sanctos Canones Apostolorum 4. Concilia Universalia sicut 4. Evangelia Nicenum Ephesinum Constantinopolitanum Chalcedonense Antiochenum Concilium Decreta Sanctorum Patrum Romanorum Pontificum praecipue Decreta Domini mei Gregorii 7. et beatae memoriae Papae Vrbani quae ipsi laudaverunt laudo quae ipsi tenuerunt teneo quae confirmaverunt confirmo quae damnaverunt damno quae repulerunt repello quae interdixerunt interdico quae prohibuerunt prohibeo in omnibus et per omnia et in his semper perseverabo Quibus expletis Surrexit pro omnibus Gerardus Engolismensis Episcopus Legatus in Aquitania communi assensu Domini Papae Pasch totius Concilii coram omnibus legiâ— hanc Scripturam Privilegium illud quod non est privilegium sed vere debet pravilegium dici pro liberatione Captivorum et Ecclesiae a Domino Paschali Papa per violentiam Regis Henrici extortum nos omnes in hoc Sancto Concilio cum Domino Papa congregati Canonica censura et Ecclesiastica authoritate judicio Sancti Spiritus damnamus et irritum esse judicamus atque omnino quassamus et ne quid authoritatis et efficacitatis habeat pentius excommunicamus Et hoc ideo damnatum est quia in eo privilegio continetur quod Electus a Clero et populo a nemine consecretur nisi prius a Rege investiatur quod est contra Sanctum Spiritum et Canonicam institutionem though tatifyed by this and other forecited Popes Perlecta vero hac Charta acclamatum est ab universo Concilio Amen Amen Fiat Fiat O the Punick faith perjury treachery of this Pope his Cardinals and Prelates thus to repeal what they so solemnly ratified by their Oathes Charters in Gods own presence but few Moneths before to the Emperor as his undoubted right Archiepiscopi qui cum suis Suffraganeis interfuerunt hii sunt Johannes Patriarcha Veneticus Senes Capuanus Laudulfus Beneventanus Almaphitanus Regitanus Hidrontinus Brundulfinus Capsanus Girontinus Graeci Rosanus Archiepiscopus Sanctae Severinae Episcopi quoque Petrus Portuensis Leo Hostienâ—s Cono Praenestinus Gerardus Engolisinus Galo Leonensis Legatus pro Bâ—turicensi Viennensi Archiepiscopis Rogerus Wulturensis Gaufridus Senensis Rollandus Populiensis Gregorius Terracinensis VVillielmus Trojanus Gibinus Siracusanus Legatus pro omnibus Siculis alii fere C. Episcopi Siguinus Johannes Tusculani Episcopi cum essent Romae illi die Concilio non interfuerunt quin postea lecta damnatione pravilegii consenserunt laudaverunt Upon this occasion there arose new Quarrels and contests between the Emperor and Pope about Investitures the Bishops and Churches adhering to the Emperor asserting maintaining this his antient Right against Pope Paschal and his perjured Confederates Amongst others Waltramus Bishop of Naumberg writ a particular Treatise De Episcoporum Investitura per Imperatores facienda Which being very rare and pertinent to my Theam in respect of the great controversies about Investitures then arising not only in Germany but also in England between Anselm and our Kings I shall here insert Leo Constantini filius imperavit annis quinque in regno Graecorum Romanorum Post quem uxor ejus Hyrene filia Caiani Avarum id est Hunnorum Regis cum filio suo Constantino imperavit annis decem verum Constantinus matrem suam Hyrenen imperio privavit solusque annis sex imperavit Hyrene autem super erepto sibi imperio foemineo dolore abusa Constatinum filium suum oculis imperio privavit sola annis sex imperavit Romani autem qui ab Imperatore Constantinopolitano jam animo desciverant propter tardum infructuosum illius auxilium contra Tyrannos accepta occasionis opportunitate quia mulier excaecato Imperatore Constantino filio suo imperabat uno omnium consensu Carolo Magno Imperatoris laudes acclamaverunt eumque per manus Leonis Papae coronaverunt Caesarem Augustum appellantes Igitur ex quo Byzantium Thraciae Civitas a primo Constantino in novam amplificata in regiam urbem est exaltata evolutis annis circiter CCCCLXVIII diviso a Constantinopoli Romano imperio Carolus Magnus Rex Francorum primus imperavit Romanis annos XIII Ex tunc a Graecis in
hic c. Christi Ministri sciant Apostolatum non esse Dominium sed summae Humilitatis Ministerium ut ponant animas pro fratribus suis And if this be not sufficient he thus quite subverts the foundation of Peters and the Popes Supremacy Christus super seipsum videlicet firmam petram suam aedificat Ecclesiam Et mutato nomine Petrus à petra denominatum per quod significatum est quia cunctis super illud fundamentum quod est Christus aedificantur juxta Prophetam vocandum sit nomen novum quod os Domini nunciavit And what that name is St. Peter himself defines 1 Pet. 2. 4 5. Ad quem accedentes quasi ad lapidem vivum ipsi tanquam lapides vivi the same with Peter superaedificamini domus spiritualis c. This Antichristian Pontiff dying of a feaver Anno Domini 1125. Lampertus Bishop of Hostia ambitione quorundam potius quam bonorum consensu arte magis astutia Leonis Frangepanis potentissimi Civis quà m cordatorum hominum suffragiis magna equidem contentione in Pontificem electus erat à populo the Cardinals electing creating Theobald Cardinal of St. Anastatia Pope calling him Coelestine against whom Lambert prevailing by Leo his power took upon him the name of Honorius the 2. cum potissimorum in Curia Romana judicio tanto censeretur dignus honore omnibus ejus superbissimis regni titulis insignitus His Papacy was more peaceable them his predecessors Omnibus enim terribiles erant Romani Pontifices excommunicationâ—s fulminae qui sibi adversantes ipso etiam Imperatores egregie compescere poterant But yet though the Emperor having quitted the right of Investitures as aforesaid durst not to claim or assert yet the Kings of England and France did strenuously exercise assert Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction over Bishops and their Churches and collated to all Ecclesiastical Dignities notwithstanding Calixtus Decrees as is evident by these memorable Passages in the Epistles of Hildebertus Caenomanensis Episcopus flourishing in that age who thus complained of H. 1. King of England Epist 19. Longum est enarrare quà m constanti tyrannide Rex Angliae in nos faevierit qui temperantia Regis abjecta decrevit non prius Pontifici parendum quà m Pontificem compelleret in sacrilegium quia etenim turres Ecclesiae nostrae dejicere nolumus transmarinis subjiciendi judiciis coacti sumus injurias pelagi sustinere singularem scilicet molestiam itineris atque unicam totius humanae compaginis dissolutionem Tantis igitur agitati turbinibus ad Apostolorum limina decrevimus proficisci magnum novae tribulationis arbitrati remedium si Romanus Pontifex nobis consilio subvenerit auxilio After which he being made Archbishop of Towers and taking upon him to dispose of the Deanery Archdeaconry Prebendaries thereof without and against the King of France his assent in obedience to Pope Paschals and Calixtus forecited Decrees the King thereupon confiscated his Churches temporalties whereof he thus complained in his 67. Epistle to this new Pope Honorius the 2. Quantis tribulationum turbinibus Turonensis agitatur Ecclesia vestram venerande Pater latere non credo sanctitatem Adhuc enim Francorum Rex innocentiam meam tantum persequitur odio ut traducar in gravamen Ecclesiae quod constate esse Sanctuarii fisco ascripsit Tota quoque terra ipsius ita mihi his qui mecum sunt in Domino suspecta est clausa ut nec ego nec illorum aliquis in ea pedem ponere audeant His aliisque permor angustiis quia zelo zelatus sum legem Domini Dei quia non sum transgressus terminos quos patres nostri posuerunt quia dignitates Ecclesiasticas nec ex Regis praecepto disposui nec ei disponendi facultatem indulsi Sciens enim quia Oportet magis Domino obedire quam hominibus personas elegi quae in exequendis Ecclesiae negotiiis Pondus diei portant aestus Alteri igitur Archidiaconatum alteri Decaniam dedi c. Haec idcirco vobis Pater sancte scripsi quatenus si quis aliud Sanctitati vestrae de praefato retulint negotio vos ipsam cognoscatis veritatem Not by way of Appeal And in his 75 Epistle he complains That not so much as one of his Friends defended his or his Churches cause with the King of France to procure their peace Silent amici silent Sacerdotes Jesu Christi denique silent illi quorum suffragio credidi Regem mecum in gratiam rediturum c. ne sagittas suas in sene compleret Sacerdote ne sanctiones Canonicas evacuaret ne persequeretur cineres Ecclesiae jam sepultae c. Although this Bishop complained thus of these Kings to this Pope and others yet he declaimed more bitterly against the Corruptions of the Pope and Court of Rome in one of his Epistles omitted in the Jesuites Edition of their Bibliotheca Patrum Romani sunt quos timent qui timentur Hi sunt quos haec peculiariter provincia manet inferre calumnias deferre personas afferre minas auferre substantias Hi sunt quorum laudari audis in otio occupationes in pace praedas inter arma fugas inter vina victorias Hi sunt qui causas morantur adhibiti impediunt praetermissi fastidiunt admoniti obliviscuntur locupletati Hi sunt qui emunt lites vendunt intercessiones deputant arbitros judicanda dictant dictata convellunt attrahunt litigaturos protrahunt audiendos trahunt addictos retrahunt transigentes Hi sunt quod si petas nullo adulante beneficium promittunt pudet negare paenitet praestitisse Hi sunt qui negant reverentiam Clericis originem Nobilibus consessum prioribus congressum aequalibus cunctis jura Nullum illis genus hominum ordinum temporum cordi est In foro Scythae in cubiculo viperae in convivio scurrae in exactionibus harpyae in collocutionibus statuae in questionibus bestiae in tractatibus cochleae in contratibus trapezitae Ad intelligendum saxei ad judicandum lignei ad succensendum flammei ad ignoscendum ferrei ad amicitias pardi ad facetias Vrsi ad fallendum Vulpes ad superbiendum Tauri ad consumendum Minotauri Spes firmas in rerum motibus habent dubia tempora certius amant ignavia pariter conscientiaque trepidantes Cum sint in praetoriis Leones in castris lepores timent foedera ne discutiantur bella ne pugnent Quorum si nares afflaverit rubiginosi aura marsupii confestim videbis illic occulos Argi manus Briarei ingenium Sphyngis In his 82 Epistle to Pope Honorius the 2. he thus declaimes against Appeales to Rome Honorio Deigratiâ Excellentissimo Reverendissimo Patri suo Sanctaeque Romanae Ecclesiae Summo Pontifici H. humilis Turonum Minister debitae integritatem obedientiae Philosophus ait colere officis non exasperare verbis oportet potestatem
Romans wherby he so obliged them to him that Innocent after his release out of prison thought it not safe to stay at Rome but taking ship with his Cardinals passed over to Pisa and there excommunicated Anacletus From thence sending a Legate to Ludovicus Crassus King of France to relate the equity of his cause desired he might be there received as Pope the French Bishops being doubtfull to which of these Popes they should adhere some of them siding with Anacletus against Innocent thereupon a Council was held at Stamps where by St. Bernards means who stickled for Innocent and writ many Epistles to Kings Princes Bishops in his behalf Innocent was received as Pope After which he posted into Germany to Lotharius where a Council of Bishops was called at Leodium which received him as Pope engaging Lotharius the Emperor by Oath to restore him if he would crown him Emperor After which returning into France having by St. Bernards Epistles travel mediation engaged the Kings of Germany England Scotland Spaine Jerusalem to receive him as lawfull Pope he held several Councils at Rhemes Placentia Pisa and Claremount wherein he solemnly excommunicated anathematized Anacletus and all his adherents with horrible execrations St. Bernard in his 125. Epistle renders this account of these two Popes elections and proceedings ad Magistrum Galfridum de Loratorio Tu tibi quiescis mater tua Ecclesia graviter conturbatur habuit sua tempora quies sanctum otium hactenus sua negotia licenter libenterque exercuit Tempus faciendi nunc quia dissipaverunt legem Bestia illa de Apocalypsi cui datum est os loquens blasphemias bellum genere cum Sanctis Petri Cathedram occupat tanquam Leo paratus ad prâ—dam he means Anacletus Altera quoque bestia penes vos subsibilat sicut catulus in â—bditis Illa ferocior ista callidor pariter convenerunt in unum adversus Dominum Christum ejus Demus operam cito dirumpere vincula eorum projicere à nobis jugum ipsorum Nos in nostris partibus una cum aliis Dei servis divino igne accensis Deo cooperante laboramus in conveniendo populo in unum Reges ad diripiendum pravorum consensum ad destxuendam omnem altitudinem extollentem se adversus scientiam Dei. Nec infructuosè Alemanniae Franciae Angliae Scotiae Hispaniarum Hierosolymorum Reges cum universo Clero populo favent adhaerent Domino Innocentio tanquam filii patri tanquam capiti membra solliciti servare unitatem Spiritus in vinculo pacis Merito autem illum recepit Ecclesia cujus opinio clarior electio sanior inventa est nimirum eligentium numero vincens merito At tu frater quid adhuc negligis quousque vicino serpenti tua malè secura dormitat industria Scimus quidem te filium pacis nulla posse ratione induci deserere unitatem sed profectò non sufficit nisi defensare atque ipsius quoque turbatores totis viribus debellare studueris Nec quietis timeas detrimentum quod non parvo tuae gloriae incremento compensabitur si fera illa vicina vobis tuo studio mansuescat vel obmutescat tantam Ecclesiae praedam Comitem dico Pictaviensem in man tua Dei pietas de ore Leonis eripiat In his Epistola 124. ad Hildebertum Senonensem Archiepiscopum qui nondum acceperat Papam Innocentium Epistola 126. ad Episcopos Aquitaniae contra Gerardum Engolismensem Episcopum Epistola 127 128. ex persona Ducis Burgundiae Guillermo egregio Comiti Pictaviorum Duci Aquitanorum Epist 129. to 140. he pleads Pope Innocents cause and election against Anacletus commending those who assisted Innocent exhorting them to persevere therein and menacing those who would not embrace him or adhered to Anacletus wherein he hath some strange Hyperbolical expressions Quidam juxta Esaiam vidi foedus percussisse cum morte cum inferno fecisse pactum Ecce namque Christus Domini Innocentius positus est in ruinam in resurrectionem multorum Nam qui Dei sunt libenter junguntur ei qui autem ex adverso stat aut Antichristi est aut Antichristus Cernitur abominatio stare in loco sancto quam ut obtineat incendit igni sanctuarium Dei. Persequitur Innocentium cum eo omnem innocentiam Fugit ille nimiram a facie Leonis sicut dicit Propheta Leo rugiet quis non timebit Fugit secundum praeceptum Domini dicentis Si vos persecuti fuerint in una Civitate fugite in aliam Fugit in hoc verè virum se Apostolicum probans quod Apostolica sese forma insignierit Nec enim Paulus erubuit in sporta dimitti per murum sic effugere manus querentium animam suam subfugit autem non parcens vitae suae sed dans locum irae non ut mortem evaderet sed ut vitam acquireret Merito Ecclesiae Innocentio concedit ipsius vicem quem per eadem vestigia gradientem 〈◊〉 Nec sanè otiosa fuga Innocentii Laborat quidem sed honestatur in laboribus suis pulsus urbe ab orbe suscipitur finibus terrae occurritur cum panibus fugienti Et si furor Semei Gerardi Engolimensis nondum ex toto quiescat maledicere David Velit nolit pictor qui videt irascitur magnificatur in conspectu Regum portans coronam Gloriae Nunquid non omnes Principes cognoverunt quod ipse est verè Dei electus Francorum Anglorum Hispanorum pestremo Romanorum Rex Innocentium in Papam suscipiunt recognoscunt singularem Episcopum animarum suarum Solus adhuc ignorat Achitophel suum jam patefactum ac dissipatum consilium Fructra molitur miser super populum Dei malignare consilium cogitare adversus Sanctos sanctofirmissime adhaerentes continentes curvare genua ante Baal Nulla fraude praevalebit parricidae suo obtinere regnum super Israel super Civitatem sanctam quae est Ecclesiae Dei viventis columna fidei firmamentum veritatis Funiculus triplex difficile rumpitur Electio meliorum approbatio plurium quod his efficacius est morum attestatio Innocentium apud omnes commendant summum confirmant Pontificem Ad quod sane vestra Pater expectatur sicut pluvia in vellus vel sera sententia Non improbamus tarditatem quia gravitatem redolet levitatis abolet notam Nam Maria non statim respondit Angelo salutanti prius cogitans qualis esset illa salutatio Et Timotheo praecipitur nemini ciâ—ò manum imponere Dico tamen ego vobis notus Pontifici ne quid nimis dico ut familiaris notus non plus sapere quà m oportet sapere Pudet fateor quod Serpens vetustissimus nova audacia relictis insipientibus mulieribus etiam robur pectoris vestri visus est attemptare tantam Ecclesiae columnam