in this University a Student The famous Didacus Covarruvias professed the Canon Law here Franciscus à Victoria was Professour of Divinity here Dominicus à Soâ—o l. 1. de Iustitia jure cals it his University Saragossa In this ancient City the Kings of Arragon are usually accustomed to be Crowned By Pope Iohn the 22 d the priviledges of this University were restored and ratified Signenca Little is said in Authors concerning the Foundation of this University or donation of priviledges thereto Lerida In this City flourisheth an Academy of great Antiquity wherein Pope Calixtus the 3 d before he obtained the Papacy proceeded Doctor of either Law who afterward became a publick Professor of the Civil Law in the same place Also Vincent a Dominican Frier was there made Doctor of Divinity Huesca Osca or Isca It is a goodly City of Arragon containing an University of great Antiquity which is said to have been erected before the coming of Christ as a Nursery for the Institution of Noble mens children Lisbone It is the Metropolis of Portugall A most renowned University was by the bounty of their Kings erected in this City where even untill this day the liberall Sciences are prosessed with great profoundness to the incredible benefit of Christendom Conimbra It is a most pleasant and goodly City in Portugall An University was therein Founded in these later daies by Iohn the 2 d King of Portugall Iacobus Payva Andradius studied in this University There is Collegium Conimbricense upon a good part of Aristotle his Logick and Physicks Evora It is another famous City of Portugall An University was herein lately erected by Henry Cardinall of Portugall who was Bishop of that place He was a man endued with abundant wealth and exceedingly affected to the Muses Majorica In this City is an ancient priviledged and authorized University where the Arts generally are publikely with great Learning professed Among the Students of this Academy the memory of Raymundus Lullius is with great admiration retained because he received therein his birth and education in so much that even untill this present time a Learned man is there with liberall exhibition entertained to maintain and teach the doctrine professed by Lullius in times past CHAP. XIII Of the Universities of England BRittain which comprehends England and Scotland is the greatest Isleland of Europe it was in times past called Albion say some ab albis montibus primùm ad eam navigantibus apparentibus See Bish. Usher De Britan. Eccles. primord Some of the chief things for which England is famous are comprehended in this verse Mons Fons Pons Ecclesia Famina Lana England is termed by some the Paradise of women the Purgatory of servants the Hell of horses England hath been famous for Learned men and for her Seminaries of Learning as well as other things Renowned Scholars amongst us Alcuinus one of the Founders of the University of Paris Beda styled Venerabilis Anselm and Bradwardine Archbishops of Canterbury Alexander of Hales Tutor to Thomas Aquinas and Bonaventure Iohn Wiclef Since the times of the Reformation Iohn Iewell Bishop of Salisbury D r Iohn Reynolds and M r Richard Hooker D r Whitaker Bishop Bilson and Andrews both Bishops of Winchester Bishop Mountague of Norwich D r Iohn Whitgift Papists D r Harding Nicholas Sanders and D r Thomas Stapleton Campian and Parsons and William Rainolds For other studies Lindwood the Canonist Cosins and Cowell eminent in the study of the Civil Laws Bracton and Briton of old times Dier and Cooke of late daies expert in the Laws of England Iohannes de Sacro Bosco the Author of the book of the Sphere Roger Bacon a famous Mathematician Sir Francis Bacon an excellent Philosopher Sir Thomas More Lord Chancellor a witty and Learned man Sir Henry Savill a great Grecian Sir Henry Spelman a Learned Antiquary Camden the Pausanias of the British Islands Sir Thomas Bodlie Sir Isaac Wake M r Selden Matthew Paris Matthew of Westminster Roger Hoveden Henry of Huntingdon William of Malmesbury and Thomas of Walsingham all known Historians For Poetry Gower Chaucer Spencer Sir Philip Sidnie Daniel and Draiton Beaumont and Fletcher Ben Iohnson As the messenger of Pyrrhus long since called Italy a Conntry of Kings and Egypt was wont to be called the Country of Physitians so may this blessed Island of ours justly merit the title of The Region of Divines D r Hals Preface to the married Clergy Stupor mundi Clerus Britannieus whence many outlandish men have learned English that they might reade those Books of our Divines which were printed in our Language Ioseph Scaliger findes fault with our English men for speaking Latine Some think they pronounce the a too little and the i too big and broad Caius in his Book De pronuntiatione Graecae Latinae linguae saith that he learned by experience that variety of pronuncing did hinder mutuall commerce mens society and understanding of things He saith that a Greek Patriarck being at London in the Reign of Edward the 6 th did not understand Sir Thomas Cheeke nor Sir Thomas him the Knight using the new kinde of pronouncing the other the old he addes pleading for the old and barbarous pronunciation Quo omnes Graeci ad huc utebantur cum ego essem Venetiis tum è Cathedra Graecas literas profitendo tum in templis sacra celebrando Audiebam enim data opera saepius At si ego tacerem norit Oxoniensis schola quemadmodum ipsa Graecia pronunciarit ex Matthaeo Calphurnio Graeco quem ex Graecia Oxonium Graecarum literarum gratia produxerat Thomas Wolsaeus de bonis literis optimè meritus Cardinalis cum non alia ratione pronunciarit ille quà m qua nos jam profitemur Id si ita sit nos Britanni docebimus ipsos Graecos in ipsa Graecia oriundos sua verba sonare suas voces atquè literas pronuâ—tiare plus in aliena lingua sapiens quà m ipsa gens atquè natio cui lingua Graeca familiaris atque etiam vulgaris est successione temporum continuata tanquam per manus esse tradita Nam privata haec pronunciatio paucorum hominum in Britania est eorum juvenum alibi minimè recepta gentium There are in England many triviall Schooles in Towns and Cities Amongst which the most famous are That of Eaton and Westminster founded by Henry the 6 th Edward the 4 th and Q. Elizabeth and of Winchester Schola certè Augusta ante 200 ampliùs annos erecta ut adolescentes suavioribus disciplinis imbuti ad artes Academicâ—s meliori genio animum intendant Europaei orbis Academiae There are also in London that of Pauls and Merchant Taylors The two Universities of England may equall many beyond Sea Ubi tot Academiae quot Collegia Scultetus de curriculo vitae Magnae in Collegiis Angliae opes vectigalia verbo vobis dicam unum Oxoniense
another Kingdom who holds Oxford to be the ancienter Oxford also hath been famous for Learned Scholars Mathematicians and Schoolmen for the later there is no question and I shall mention divers of them when I speak of Merton Colledge For the first Roger Bacon Bradwardine Simon Bredon and Oddington were famous The first Professor in Civil Law in England viz. Vacarius was of Oxford Oxford lies in a Champion plain It is a fair and goodly City whether a man respect the seemly beauty of private houses or the stately magnificence of publick buildings together with the wholesom sight or pleasant prospect thereof It is formed in the figure of a Cross two long streets thwarting one another each of them near a mile in length containing in that compass thirteen Parish Churches and a See Episcopall founded here by King Henry the 8 th Anno 1541. For the Stateliness of the Schools and publick Library and Gallery the bravery and beauty of particular Colledges all built of fair and polished stone the liberall endowment of those houses and great incouragements of Industry and Learning in the salary of the Professors in most Arts and Sciences it is say some not to be paralleled in the Christian world D r Iames hath set out two Catalogues of the publick Library in Oxford One published in the year 1605 which mentions the Books Alphabetically distinguished according to the four Faculties The other 1620. in which there is only a care had of the Alphabeticall order by this more exact Catalogue one may readily finde any Authour and all the Works of that Authour uno intuitu If the Library be inferiour to the Popes Vaticane in sumptuous building yet in Printed Books if not in Manuscripts there being many choice ones given by Sir Thomas Bodlie and of late by my Lord of Pembroke and Archbishop Laude in almost all Languages it may well contend with it for a Superiority Reckon the number of Volumes in the publick Library whereof the greatest part are in Folio which amount to 11 or 12 thousands of divers Authours the plurality of Languages the diversity of Sciences wherein these Books are written the condition of the Books whether written or printed by Protestants or Papists or any other the use for six hours every day throughout the whole year Sundaies and Holydaies excepted and we shall finde that the like Library is no where to be found D r Iames of the Corrupt of Script Counc and Fath. part 5. In Oxford there are 18 Colledges endowed with Lands besides 7 Halls where Students live at their own charges in both of them Professors of the Arts and Sciences as also of Divinity Law Physick and the learned Languages with Liberall Salaries University Colledge Founded 872. Alfred or Allured King of the West Saxons being addicted to Religion and good literature for the increase and study of Divinity Philosophy and other Arts in the 2 d year of his reign founded this Colledge by the name of University Colledge George Abbat Archbishop of Canterbury was of this Colledge Baliol Colledge Founded 1262. Iohn Baliol born at Bernads Castle in the Bishoprick of Durham a worthy Warriour to King Henry the 3 d in his civil Warres against his Barons with his wife Dervorgilla a Lady of Honourable Parentage Parents of Iohn Baliol King of the Scots Founded this Colledge giving thereunto both Lands and Revenews for the maintenance of a Master 10 Fellows and 11 Scholars which is Recorded to be the first and most anciently endowed Colledge in this University as some late Historians constantly affirm Iam Fundatoris imprimis Balioli Regis Scotiae nomen jactat quasi tum olim Scotia suos Reges Academiae nostrae propitios in Baliolo suo sposponderit quod in Iacobo nostro jam faeliciter appropinquante praestitit Wake Rex Plat. Iohn Wiclefe was of this House Wiclefus ille Restaurator Religionis cui non notus Baliolensis Alber. Gent. Laud. Acad. Perusin Oxon. Merton Colledge Founded 1274. Walter de Merton sometimes L. Chancellour of England Counsellour to King Henry the 3 d and Edward the first Bishop of Rochester Founded this Colledge by the name of Merton Colledge endowing it in effect with all the Lands and Revenews which at this present are belonging thereunto ordaining in the same a Warden and no definitive number of Fellows It may be styled Collegium Scholasticorum Bacon Burlie Occham Scotus Bradwardine Gatisdene Dumbleton Nicholas Gorrham Suitzaeus great lights of Europe were of this Colledge What one Colledge ever yielded at one time and from one Country three such Divines as Iewell Raynolds and Hooker or two such great Wits and Heroicall spirits as S r Thomas Bodley and S r Henry Savill D r Hackw Epist. Dedicat. to Oxford before his Apology Of this Colledge also were Bishop Carleton S r Isaac Wake the University Orator Excester Colledge Founded 1316. Walter Stapleton being descended of Noble Parentage for his Wisdom Gravity and Learning was often employed in Embassages from King Edward the 2 d who made him Bishop of Excester Lord Treasurer of England and one of his Privy Councell Founded this Colledge it was much augmented by Sir William Peter D r Hakewell Fellow of this House erected and finished the new Chappell D r Prideaux was Head of this House D r Holland was of this House Orial Colledge Founded 1337. King Edward the 2 d erected it it was so called because it was indeed a work which might beseem a King Queens Colledge Founded 1340. Robert Eglesfield Batchelor of Divinity Chaplain to Queen Philippa wife to King Edward the 3 d founded this Colledge in his own ground by the name of Queens Colledge commending the Patronage thereof to his Lady the Queen and to the Queens of England successively which he endowed with Lands and Revenews They are called to Dinner and Supper by the sound of a Trumpet Doctor Ayrie who wrote so well upon the Philippians was Provost of this Colledge Learned D. Langbane is now the Provost of it and worthy M. Barlow the Publick-Library-Keeper a Fellow of it New Colledge Founded 1375. William Wickam principal Secretary to King Edward the 3 d Keeper of the Privy-Seal Bishop of Winchester Lord High Treasurer and Chancellour of England founded this Colledge He also founded a Colledge at Winchester wherein he established one Warden ten Fellows two Schoolmasters and seventy Scholars with Officers and servants which all are maintained at his charge out of which School he ordained should be chosen the best Scholars alwayes to supply the vacant places of the Fellows of this Colledge Thomas Chaundlerus librum de Wiccami vita rebus gestis sane perelegantem conscripsit Waynfleti 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Wickamus celebratur ab erudito Iurisconsulto Martino Of this Colledge was Philpot the famous Martyr and S r Thomas Rives Bishop Lake D r Twisse and D r Iames. Lincoln Colledge Founded 1420. Richard
Fleming Bishop of Lincoln in the eighth year of the reign of King Henry the 5 th founded this Colledge by the name of Lincoln Colledge which was afterward in Richard the thirds time in the year of our Lord 1479. by Thomas Rotheram Bishop of the same Sea and Secretary to four Kings much augmented and increased D r Kilbie a learned Hebrician was Head of this Colledge and that learned School-Divine D r Sanderson was Fellow of this House All-Souls Colledge 1437. Henry Chichley Archbishop of Canterbury layed in Oxford the foundation of two goodly Colledges this and that of S t Iohns Colledge the last being reedified by S r Thomas White Lord Maior of London There is Vita Henrici Chichele Descripta ab Arthuro Dâ—â—k Magdalen Colledge Founded 1459. William Wainflet Bishop of Winshester founded first Magdalen Hall after that this Colledge dedicating the same to the honour of S. Mary Magdalen He builded also a great part of Eaton Colledge before begun by King Henry the sixt Prince Henry was of this Colledge Claimund and Doctor Bond were Presidents of it Brazeâ—-Nose Colledge Founded 1515. William Smith Bishop of Lincoln during the reign of King Henry the 7 th laid the foundation of this Colledge After whose death Richard Sutton Esquire took upon him to perfect the same which he accomplished Alexander Nowel was of this house M r Bolton and I think M r Iohn Ball. Corpus Christi Colledge Founded 1516. Richard Fox Bishop of Winchester and Godfather to King Henry the 8 th founded this Colledge It nourished Iewel Rainolds Wâ—tton Hooker Cardinal Pool who was chosen Pope D r Featley and other learned men Christ-Church Colledge Founded 1546. Thomas Wolsey Cardinal Archbishop of York and Lord high Chancellour of England laid the foundation of a most ample and spacious Colledge but he falling his design failed with the Founder Henry the eight enriched the same with many goodly revenues annexing thereunto Canterbury Colledge It hath a spatious Court or quadrangle nay divers and a Hall both spatious and splendid wherein is a most beautifull glasse Lanthorn there is also a very fair Kitchin which only was finished by the Cardinal and gave oceasion to that scoff of an outlandish man Egregium opus saith he Cardinalis Collegium incepit popinam absolvit Sanna vix è coquina deprompta adeo sale caret saith Sir Isaac Wake in his Rex Platonicus Peter Martyr was once Prebend of this Colledge as his own Epistles shew He writes thus Amico cuidam in Anglia Ego cum essem Oxonii vestibus illis albis in Choro nunquam uti volui quamvis essem Canonicus mei facti ratio mihi constabat Toby Matthew Archbishop of York was of this House and M r Burton who wrote of Melancholy upon whose Tomb there is this witty Epitaph Paucis notus paucioribus ignotus Hic jacet Democritus Iunior Cui vitam pariter mortem Dedit Melancholia Trinity Colledge Founded 1556. Sir Thomas Pope Knight founded this Colledge in the fourth year of the Reign of King Philip and Qu. Mary dedicating the same to the Trinity S t Iohns Colledge Founded 1557. Henry Chichley Doctor of the Civil-Law Archbishop of Canterbury among other building laid the foundation of this Fabrick it was enlarged by William Laud Archbishop of Canterbury Iesus Colledge Founded 1572. Hugh Prise Doctor of the Civil Law founded this Colledge it was perfected by Queen Elizabeth it hath had many other Benefactors Wadham Colledge Founded 1613. Nicholas Wadham Esquire in the seventh year of the raign of King Iames founded it Pembrok Colledge Founded 1620. It was first Broadgate-Hall but was called Pembroke Colledge from William Earl of Pembroke then Chancellor of the University of Oxford and Visitor of that Hall There are also in this University seven Hals in which there are many Students living at their own charge viz. Glocester-Hall Which being first built for Monks was after converted to a House for Scholars by Sir Thomas White Knight Edmund Hall It was builded by S. Edmund Archbishop of Canterbury Albon Hall It was builded by the Abbot of S t Albons for their Monks to study in Hart Hall It was built by Walter Stapleton Bishop of Excester M r Selden was of this House New Inne Heretofore it was called Turlocks Inne S t Mary Hall It was founded by King Edward the second Sir Thomas More Chancellour of England was of this Hall Cardinal Allen was principal of it about the same time Magdalen Hall It was founded by William Wainfleet Bishop of Winchester and D r Budden who writes his life and death cals it Aulam Magdaelene parentem Collegii and a little book which mentions the several Colledges in Oxford and Cambridge makes the Hall a eleven years elder then the Colledge Cambridge THis is the other University and eye of England a most famous Storehouse of good Literature and Godlinesse it standeth upon the River Cam which divideth it into two parts and hath a Bridge over it whence arose the name Cambridge There is not wanting any thing here which a man may require in a most flourishing University were it not that the air is somewhat unhealthfull arising as it doth out of a Fenny-ground hard by That Cantaber a Spainard 3751. years before Christs Nativity first began and founded this University is affirmed by Caius but Leland the great Antiquary and Camden also confute that conceit and M r Camden saith It was a seat of learning about the time of King of Henry the first and that under the reign of Edward the first some think it should be the second Grantbridge of a School was made an University such as Oxford is by the Court of Rome Hugh Balsham Bishop of Ely in the year 1284. built the first Colledge called Peter House and endowed it with lands whose example the other Founders did imitate and follow saith the same Camden That which some relate also That a publick Academy was erected at Cambridge by King Sigebert Anno Christi 630. Id vero dubia annalium fide nititur Cantabrigiensium quoque aemuli Oxonienses pernegant fortiter Et ut quaedam fuerit instituta procul dubio rudis fuit nec in longum tempus Caeterum nono seculo majori verisimilitudine laus illa competit Coring De Antiq. Academ Dissertat 3. Vide plura ibid. p. 73. See Petrus Blesensis at the end of Ingulphus That which some urge for the honour of Cambridge of Bedes reading there is a fable well confuted by Sir Isaac Wake in his Rex Platonicus in his Acts of the fourth day Bedam vero ipsum unquam Cantabrigiae fuisse quis nisi cerebri laesi putat Quum ipse dissertissimis scriptis suis asserat se nunquam extra monasterium suum operam literis dedisse ac ne inde unquam ferè egressum à pueritia Cantabrigiam verò sua aetate adeò Academiam celebrem non fuisse ut fuisse planè
desolatam civitatulam asserat Caius the Physician styled himself Londinensem when he wrote De Antiq. Cantab. Acad. though he was of Cambridge and only a Londoner by birth ne si Cantabrigiensis videretur affectum quoque suum in scribendo prodidisse videretur That passage of Caius's De Antiqu. Cantab. Acad. lib. 1. therefore might well have been spared Caeterum ad has discordias rumpendas atque finiâ—ndas sanctamque pacem componendam atque statuendam cum neque Oxâ—niensis Cantabrigiensem nec Cantabrigiensis ferat Oxoniensem in controversia judicem quòd pro sua cujusque affectione rem tractatam iri uterque indicet ex libidine magis quà m ex vero celebratam aut obscuratam existimet res suasit commiseratio jussit ut ego homo Londinensis medio loco inter utrumque positus eodem animo in utrumque affectus cui longa triginta annorum absentia à gymnasiis nisi subinde invisendi gratia charitatis studio omnem affectum juvenilem in Gymnasia sustulit hanc controversiam ut inutilem imo verò rem damnosam alioqui tanquam communis amicus definirem ac componerem Vide librum ejus de libris propriis My worthy friend Sir Simonds D'Ewers in his Speech touching the Antiquity of Cambridge saith If I should lose time to reckon up the vain allegations produced for the Antiquity of Oxford by Twyne and of Cambridge by Caius I should but repeat deliria senum At the present Cambridge consists of sixteen Colledges and Hals for there is little difference there between them erected and maintained with the Lands and Revenues of their several Founders Kings Colledge Chappel being founded by Henry the sixth is all of free-stone a very curious structure and from its form called the University Cradle Trinity Colledge founded by King Henry the eighth one of the compleatest Colledges in Europe A Colledge for stately greatnesse for uniform building and beauty of rooms scarce inferiour to any other in Christendom saith Camden Next to it is S t Iohns Colledge S t Peters Colledge or House Founded 1280. Hugh Basham Bishop of Ely began the foundation of this Colledge about Anno 1257. He setled not the endowment till anno 1284. Clare-Hall Founded 1280. Richard Badew Chancellour of the University first founded this Hall by the name of the University-House or Hall Afterwards the first foundation was resigned into the hands of Elizabeth Countesse of Clare widow which Lady by the licence of King Edward the 3 d established and finished the same and changing the name thereof willed that for ever after it should in memory of her family from whence she was descended be called Clare-Hall D r Butler the famous Physician was sometimes Fellow and President of this House Pembroke Hall Founded 1343. Mary de S. Paul Countesse of Pembroke daughter to Guido Chastillion Earl of S t Paul in France procured Licence from King Edward the 3 d to found this House by the name of the Colledge of Mary Valence after called Pembroke Hall Richard Fox Bishop of Winchester Edmond Grindall and Iohn Whitgift Archbishops of Canterbury William Fulk Doctor of Divinity were all Masters of this House and have by gifts of Lands Money Plate Books augmented the same and Lancelot Andrews Doctor of Divinity late Master and Bishop of Winchester hath given a thousand pounds with three hundred seventy four folio Books well bound M r Bradford Martyr was Fellow of Pembroke Hall and first lived in Katherine Hall and the Masters of those Colledges strove which should have him as himself relates in one of his Letters not to boast of himself but to shew Gods goodness towards him Bishop Ridley was also of Pembroke Hall and there in the Orchard learned without Book almost all Pauls Epistles yea and all the Canonical Epistles save only the Apocalypse So he saith of himself Corpus Christi Colledge Founded 1351. Henry of Monmouth sirnamed Torto Collo ordained this Colledge It hath been since much inlarged Matthew Parker Archbishop of Canterbury and Sir Nicholas Bacon Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England were of this House and great Benefactors to it Trinity Hall Founded 1353. William Bateman Bishop of Norwich founded this Hall Steven Gardiner Bishop of Winchester and Chancellour of this University was of this House Gonvill and Caius Colledge Founded 1353. Edmond Gonvill Parson of Terrington in Norfolk obtained License of King Edward the 3 d to erect this Colledge Afterward Iohn Caius Doctor of Physick Anno 1557. was made a Co-founder by Letters Patents who caused it to be called Gonvill and Caius Colledge King Iames being in Caius Colledge presented with Caius his Antiquitates Cantabrigiensis Academiae he said What should I do with the Antiquities of Cambridge Give me Caius de Canibus Kings Colledge Founded 1441. King Henry the sixth in the nineteenth year of his Reign began this royal Foundation In which Colledge at this present is standing one of the fairest Chappels in the world which only he finished but intended to have made the Colledge conformable thereunto D Goade was of this House Queens Colledge Founded 1448. Queen Margaret wife to Henry the sixth laid the Foundation of this Colledge but leaving the same imperfect Queen Elizabeth wife to King Edward the fourth obtained Licence to finish the same which she accomplished Bishop Davenant was Master of this Colledge Sir Thomas Smith principal Secretary to Queen Elizabeth was Fellow of this Colledge Katherine Hall Founded 1475. Robert Woodlork Chancellour of Cambridge founded this Hall it hath been since inlarged by many other Benefactors D. Sibbes and Gouge were of this House Iesus Colledge Founded 1496. Iohn Alcock Bishop of Ely and Lord Chancellour of England procured Licence of King Henry the 7 th to found this Colledge Christs Colledge Founded 1505. It was first begun by King Henry the sixth and after his decease brought to perfection by the Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond and mother of King Henry the 7 th This is called by D. Willet Collegium Theologorum the Colledge of Divines M. Perkins M. Bains and D. Ames were all Fellows of this Colledge S t Iohns Colledge Founded 1508. The Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond founded this Collenge which hath been much inlarged since by other Benefactors D. Whitaker was Master of this Colledge There is a fair Library in it founded by Bishop Williams Magdalen Colledge Founded 1519. Edward Stafford Duke of Buckingham founded this Colledge it is since much inlarged by divers Benefactors Trinity Hall Founded 1546. It was founded and erected by King Henry the eight it is since much inlarged by divers Benefactors Emanuel Colledge Founded 1584. Sir Walter Mildmay Privy Councellor to Queen Elizabeth obtained Licence of the said Queen to found and erect this Colledge It hath since been much augmented by the liberality of divers Benefactors Doctor Preston was first Fellow of Queens Colledge and the Master of Emanuel Sidney Sussex Colledge Founded 1598. Frances Sidney Countesse
in the hearing of some of our Bishops Before God and Christ Jesus my Redeemer I will acknowledge from my heart and professe openly That the Church of England is a true and orthodoxal Church of Christ. His shiftings in Religion The Papists urge two things much against the Reformed Religion 1. Our divisions and differences amongst our selves as Fitz Simons in his Britannomachia ministrorum in plerisque Fidei fundamentis Articulis dissidentium Secondly The Novelty of our Religion as if it were no ancienter then Luther To the first I might answer with Zanchy That this is rather an Argument that we are the true Churches of Christ. For there are saith he three kindes of Churches 1. Where God onely reigns without contradiction This is the Triumphant Church in Heaven 2. Where Satan only reigns This is the Church of the wicked and Idolaters such are the Turkish Jewish Popish Churches 3. Where God truly reigns but not without the snares and assaults of Satan This is the true Church of Christ which is called Militant This alwayes fights with the flesh the world Hereticks and the Devil The Confessions of Faith of the Churches professing the Gospel having been long ago exhibited to the several Princes of the Countreys States and Kingdoms where these Churches are are now of late very profitably published to the conviction of all such as slander the Reformed Churches to be variably distracted and rent in sunder with infinite differences of Faith Travers answer to a Popish Treatise written to the LL. of the Councel Amyraldus de Secessione ab Ecclesia Romana pag. 67. saith The chief controversies inter Evangelicos may be reduced to four heads 1. Concerning the Nature of the Sacraments 2. About the Person of Christ and the Properies of both Natures in it 3. How the Doctrine of Predestination is to be explained 4. What is to be held concerning the Providence of God especially as it is conversant about the ill actions of the reasonable creature and shews there also how far yet they agree in all these D r Hall in his Peace of Rome shews That Bellarmine acknowledgeth and numbers up above three hundred differences of opinions maintained in the Popish Church and that Navarre confesseth near threescore differences amongst their own Doctors in one only point of their Religion There are many Sects risen since the Gospel was first published but none are so guilty of division as the Papists though they extoll their own Church for Unity They unchurch all the Churches of Christ through the world besides themselves the Greek Church and divers others What a State were all former ages in before the Popes Supremacy was acknowledged The pure and primitive times The reading of the Scriptures in the vulgar tongue is condemned amongst them as a capital crime in Spain and Italy but allowed in England and France Albertus Pighius dissents from Cajetane Thomas from Lombard Scotus from Thomas Occam from Scotus Alliacensis from Occam Their nominals disagree from their reals What difference is there between the Franciscans and Dominicans concerning original sinne in the blessed Virgin What difference among the Jesuites and other Papists concerning Councels being above the Pope The Jesuites hold that the Pope is above a Councel Bellarmine confesseth lib. 2. de Concil cap. 17. parag 1. that Proposition That the Pope is absolutely above a Councel is not simply de fide and those are not Hereticks properly who hold the contrary The Pope in two Councels those of Constance and Basil was declared to be inferiour to a Councel 2. For the other Objection of the Novelty of our Religion as if it were no ancienter then Luther I answer there are books written to refute this calumny The Waldenses for divers hundred years before Luther successively opposed Popery professed the truth of the Gospel and sealed it with their bloud Campian in his third reason cals them Majores nostros Vide Gerhard Epist. Ded. ad Confess Cathol Illyricus in his Catalogus Testium veritatis and Wolfius in his Lectiones Memorabiles Reconditae And Gerhard in his Confessio Catholica sufficiently refute this Objection Errours often lie hid under the venerable Cloak of ancient custom Matth. 5. 21 27 31 33 38 43. But on the contrary sound and orthodox Doctrine is undeservedly taxed with the crime of novelty Mark 1. 27. Act. 17. 19. therefore judgement is to be made of both by Scripture Act 17. 11. Secondly We may retort this Question on them Where was your Religion before the Councel of Trent Cardinal Contarenus holding the same with us for substance in point of Justification and many of those learned and modest men which are reckoned for Papists groaning under the corruptions of their Church and desiring a Reformation of many abuses as well as we Bishop Iewels challenge of the Papists is commonly known with which Peter du Moulin also accords There is rather a conspiracy amongst the Papists then true union as on the contrary the difference amongst us is rather a diversity then a division in circumstances or things of lesse moment and among persons rather then generally We are reproached beyond Sea for our unsettlement in matters of Religion and for the diversity of opinions and sects now in the Land Some amongst our selves also will be ready to object That there are so many religions and opinions that they know not which course to take 1. Such should therefore take the Scripture onely for the rule of their faith and life 2. They should study faithfully to know the plain meaning of the Scripture they should reade it diligently seek Gods direction come to it not with forestalled conceits but with love of the truth 3. They should resolve to obey what they shall finde upon such diligent inquiry to be the plain minde of God beyond dispute They should practice what all Christian Sects agree in they all confesse that God is above the creature and to be preferred before it that the pleasures and profits of this world are far short of the glory to come CHAP. VII Of the Syncretisme of Religion or of a friendly Reconciliation of the different parties amongst themselves THey are Christians which professe Christian Religion therefore those which either know not Christ as the Pagans or deny him to be the Saviour of the world as the Mahometans or that contemn and blaspheme him as the Iews are excluded There are several opinions about this matter The first is of those who hold That whosoever they be who differ about Religion so they be Christians they may and ought to be reconciled and agree together in an Ecclesiastical Syncretism so the Socinians Libertines Polititians Machivillians The second opinion is of those which denieth that Christians differing in Religion can or ought to be so reconciled So the Papists especially the Jesuites think and teach requiring a full consent with the Church of Rome as that which cannot erre and out
still added Semper excipio Platonem Pliny cals him Sapientiae Antistitem Plato ille sublimis apex philosophorum columen Arnob. Adversus Gentes l. 1. He had his name Plato from his broad shoulders His Works are in one Volume Plantus He is called Musarum decima linguae Latinae decus musarum ille Gratiarum hortus He was born at Sarsina an ancient City at the foot of the Appenine in Lombardy Taubman before his excellent Commentary hath many Elogia of Plautus C. Plinius He wrote 37 Books of the History of the world and was Uncle to him who wrote the Epistles as the Epistle 16. l. 6. ad Cornelium Tacitum shews The whole Epistle is about the death of the elder Pliny and begins thus Petis ut tibi avunculi mei exitum scribam c. He sometimes labours more to write much then exactly Plinius ille diligens totius antiquitatis pervestigator qui nullam bibliothecam praetermisse videtur quam non excusserit perlustrarit Onid Fab. In N. T. Syr. Lat. Interpret Praefat. Passeratius hath these verses In Plinii naturalem Historiam Cuncta suo amplexu magnus si continet orbis Plinius totum solus complectitur orbem Quisquis erit magni complexus scripta Secundi Ipso major eris rerum qui maximus orbe C. Plinius Caecilius He wrote six books of Epistles and a Panegyrick to Trajane the Emperour Plinius secundus the purest Writer in mine opinion of all his age I except not Suetonius his two Schoolmasters Quintilian and Tacitus nor his most excellent learned Uncle Stephanus Paschasius hath these verses of him in his Icones Me lege nec Plinium credas legisse secundum Nulli ego dum vixi quippe secundus eram Rursus auctorom tu ne legisse putato En tibi sum larga Bibliotheca penu Edm. Ployden a grave man and singularly well learned in the Law His Commentaries consisting of two parts both of them learnedly and curiously polished and published by himself the one in Anno 13. Reg. Eliz. and the other in the 21 year of the same Queen Works as they well deserve with all the professors of the Law of high account The author was an ancient Apprentice of the Law of the middle Temple of great gravity knowledge and integrity Plutarke was born in the City of Chaeronea Ammonius was his Schoolmaster He was a grave and very learned Authour He lived under Domitian and Nerva but flourished especially under Trajane He was his Schoolmaster and dedicated the Collection of his Apothegmes to him It was said of him if all Authours were lost he alone might supply Ita judico caeterorum scriptorum jacturam vel unius Plutarchi operibus resarciri posse Frischlinus in defensione Aristophanis His Lives and Morals were his best Works His Lives make an abridgement of all the best things contained in the Greek and Latine Histories He was a follower of Plato but an enemy to the Epicures and Stoicks Plutarchus totius antiquitatis rimator indagator tam curiosus libro aureo de sera numinis vindicta Herald Animadvers In Salmas Observat. Ad Ius Att. Rom. l. 4. c. 4. Historiam hic alii mores sophiamque colamus Nullus erit geminum qui tibi praestet opus Hoc Cherronensis studium conjuxit utrunque Historiae mores moribus Historiam Steph. Paschas Icon. Theodorus Gaza a Grecian born of singular learning being once asked by his familiar friends which saw him so greatly affectioned to his study what Authour he would choose amongst many if he could keep but one alone he answered Plutarke because there is none so profitable and delightfull also to reade as he Edward Pocock the worthy Professor of the Hebrew and Arabick Tongues in Oxford He is honourably mentioned by Gerhard on Peter and other outlandish men His learned notes in Specimen hist. Arabum and Miscellaneous Notes in Portam Mosis give good evidence of his abilities and I hope as he in the book last quoted very learnedly and profitably handleth the places of Scripture which he treateth of so he will improve his knowledge in the Orientall Tongues for the illustrating of divers passages in Scripture Ioannes Franciscus Poggius Florentinus a Lawyer and Doctor of Divinity naturally eloquent especially in accusations and invectives He was facetious but too bitter he wrote two books sharply against Laurentius Valla to whom Valla replied as sharply His Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones He wrote some obscene things worthy to be burnt rather then read He was at the Councell of Constance where he is said to have found Quintilian and Asconius Pedianus Amandus Pâ—lanus the ornament of the University of Basill His Syntagma Theologiae Christianae Commentary upon Daniel Malechy and other learned Works shew his abilities Angelus Politianus so called à Monte Politiano a Town in Hetruria He had not his fellow among all those that flourished in his age as we may see by his Works He was most skilfull in the Greek and Latine tongue a famous Grammarian Oratour and Poet. Huic me puero à multis primae deferebantur Mira ejus omnino eruditio vehemens paratum ingenium jugis frequens lectio sed calore potius quam arte versus scripsisse videtur judicii utique parum cùm in seligendo tum in castigando habuisse visus est Lil. Gyrald De Poet. nost Temp. Dial. 1. In his youth he did first make the Greek Poet Homer to speak in the Latine Tongue Politian in the preface to his Miscel. saith thus Ac non id quaesivimus ut aliquam doctis hominibus veluti labeculam aspergeremus sed id cavimus potius ne sub illorum auctoritate studiosorum fides periclitaretur See a commendation of his Miscellanies l. 3. Epist. 18. 19. l. 6. Epist. 4. l. 7. Epist. 4. His severall Works are mentioned by Boissard in his Icones Iulius Pollux He lived in the time of Commodus the Emperour There is his Onomasticon Gr Lat. Reginaldus Polus Cardinalis He was of a very Noble extraction being near of kinne to King Henry the 8 th both by the Father and Mothers side and a good Scholer In quo sanguinis nobilitas nam proxima cognatione Regem contigebat morum gravitas cum eximia doctrina conjuncta extitit Godw. Rerum Anglic. Annal. l. 2. p. 95. Vide etiam l. 3. p. 133. In Calvins Epistles and Answers Bullinger writes to Calvin that England had returned to the Pope and Popery and that the devil to recover it had used two speciall instruments the Bishop of Winchester within the Kingdom and Cardinall Poole without it who then was made Archbishop of Canterbury And he shews there that Cardinall Poole was received with great solemnity at Pauls Crosse in London and that the Bishop of Winchester in that Assembly revoked the Oration which he had before published under Henry the 8