nuper_fw-la defuncti_fw-la ut_fw-la animos_fw-la omnium_fw-la in_o svi_fw-la promotionem_fw-la accenderet_fw-la &_o amorem_fw-la ut_fw-la illum_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la susciperent_fw-la &_o patronum_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v general_o answer_v that_o if_o he_o with_o a_o willing_a mind_n will_v grant_v and_o by_o his_o charter_n confirm_v to_o they_o illas_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la antiquas_fw-la which_o their_o ancestor_n enjoy_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n in_o ipsum_fw-la consentirent_fw-la &_o in_fw-la regem_fw-la unanimiter_fw-la consecrarent_fw-la henry_n willing_o grant_v this_o and_o take_v a_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v perform_v it_o consecratus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la at_o westm._n upon_o lady_n day_n favente_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la and_o so_o forthwith_o he_o be_v crown_v by_o maurice_n bishop_n of_o london_n and_o thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n after_o such_o his_o coronation_n he_o grant_v and_o confirm_v to_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o his_o people_n a_o charter_n of_o their_o ancient_a liberty_n the_o charter_n the_o reader_n may_v find_v in_o that_o industrious_a revivor_n and_o restorer_n of_o decay_a and_o forget_v antiquity_n 1213._o mr._n lambard_n as_o also_o in_o matth._n paris_n where_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n baron_n earl_n viscount_n or_o sheriff_n &_o optimates_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la be_v witness_n to_o the_o charter_n and_o that_o at_o the_o coronation_n 3._o of_o the_o king_n those_o law_n be_v make_v de_fw-fr communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la by_o the_o common_a advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n it_o be_v usual_a in_o succeed_a age_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o our_o english_a king_n to_o confirm_v make_v and_o ordain_v law_n de_fw-fr assensu_fw-la baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n i_o shall_v from_o hence_o observe_v two_o thing_n 1._o that_o these_o law_n be_v grant_v and_o confirm_v assensu_fw-la baronum_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o baronagii_fw-la angliae_fw-la there_o be_v a_o clear_a difference_n between_o barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o 176._o those_o law_n and_o elsewhere_o for_o the_o k._n say_v si_fw-la quis_fw-la baronum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o who_o be_v comprehend_v under_o those_o first_o phrase_n mr._n camden_n will_v 61._o tell_v we_o nomine_fw-la baronagii_fw-la angliae_fw-la omnes_fw-la quodammodo_fw-la regni_fw-la ordines_fw-la continentur_fw-la and_o so_o the_o commons_o as_o we_o now_o call_v they_o be_v there_o and_o assent_v to_o those_o law_n 2._o clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la universo_fw-it angliae_fw-la congregatis_fw-la we_o read_v king_n stephen_n assensu_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_n in_o regem_fw-la angliae_fw-la cotton_n electus_fw-la &_o per_fw-la dominum_fw-la papam_fw-la confirmatus_fw-la 10_o h._n 2._o congregato_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o as_o fitz-stephens_n generali_fw-la concilio_n the_o king_n make_v the_o assize_n or_o statute_n of_o clarendon_n which_o council_n the_o learned_a selden_n call_v a_o full_a sigilli_fw-la parliament_n king_n john_n be_v crown_v mediante_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_n unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o favore_fw-la anno_fw-la 50_o h._n 3._o per_fw-la providentiam_fw-la cardinalis_fw-la 57_o mean_v the_o pope_n legate_n apud_fw-la kenilworth_n clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la convocantur_fw-la which_o the_o patent_n roll_v of_o that_o year_n thus_o confirm_v the_o king_n a_o le_fw-fr request_n de_fw-fr honourable_a 12._o pier_n sire_n ottobon_n legat_n d'engleterre_fw-fr son_fw-fr parliament_n eust_fw-fr summons_n à _fw-fr kenilworth_n where_o the_o statute_n or_o dictum_fw-la de_fw-fr kenilworth_n be_v make_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o communante_n or_o parliament_n rex_fw-la primo_fw-la postmodum_fw-la 1._o clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la quod_fw-la dictum_fw-la inviolabiliter_fw-la observarent_fw-la thus_o have_v i_o at_o length_n i_o hope_v full_o ascertain_v and_o explain_v the_o historian_n phrase_n clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la and_o prove_v it_o to_o be_v a_o parliament_n from_o the_o pat._n roll_n of_o h._n 3._o yet_o i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o lord_n temporal_a only_a be_v the_o populus_fw-la nor_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a the_o clerus_fw-la for_o i_o agree_v with_o dr._n heylyn_n that_o 189._o there_o be_v no_o record_n either_o of_o history_n or_o law_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o which_o the_o word_n clerus_fw-la serve_v to_o signify_v the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n exclusive_a of_o the_o other_o clergy_n or_o any_o writing_n whatsoever_o wherein_o it_o do_v not_o either_o signify_v the_o whole_a clergy_n general_o or_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n only_o exclusive_a of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n and_o it_o be_v my_o opinion_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v find_v that_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la follow_v clerus_fw-la be_v thema_fw-la universale_fw-la in_o significando_fw-la and_o comprehend_v as_o well_o the_o commons_o as_o the_o lord_n and_o indeed_o the_o subject_a matter_n of_o the_o historian_n speak_v it_o william_n the_o second_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n stephen_n and_o king_n john_n be_v to_o be_v elect_v and_o create_v king_n of_o england_n have_v no_o hereditary_a right_n it_o be_v but_o reasonable_a then_o and_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o precedent_n of_o other_o country_n in_o like_a case_n quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tangit_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la approbari_fw-la debet_fw-la and_o so_o be_v the_o solemn_a resolution_n of_o both_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o the_o parliament_n 40_o e._n 3._o 78._o that_o neither_o king_n john_n nor_o any_o other_o can_v put_v the_o realm_n or_o people_n of_o england_n into_o subjection_n sanz_fw-fr assent_n de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr without_o their_o assent_n or_o as_o the_o parliament_n 29_o h._n 3._o declare_v 197._o sine_fw-la assensu_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o as_o malmesbury_n say_v in_o vita_fw-la 56._o willielmi_n primi_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la but_o now_o to_o close_v the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o i_o will_v out_o of_o that_o excellent_a historian_n matthew_n paris_n transcribe_v the_o anglos_n oration_n or_o speech_n of_o that_o king_n to_o the_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n his_o elder_a brother_n robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n then_o claim_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o ready_a to_o invade_v this_o nation_n with_o a_o great_a force_n the_o speech_n of_o the_o king_n the_o learned_a monk_n thus_o deliver_v to_o we_o magnatibus_fw-la igitur_fw-la regni_fw-la ob_fw-la hoc_fw-la dorso_fw-la londoniam_fw-la edicto_fw-la regio_fw-la convocatis_fw-la rex_fw-la talibus_fw-la alloquiis_fw-la mell_v &_o favum_fw-la oleumque_fw-la mellitis_fw-la &_o mollitis_fw-la blandiens_fw-la dixit_fw-la amici_n &_o fideles_fw-la mei_fw-la indigenae_fw-la ac_fw-la naturales_fw-la nostis_fw-la veraci_fw-la sama_n referente_fw-la qualiter_fw-la frater_fw-la meus_fw-la robertus_fw-la electus_fw-la &_o per_fw-la deum_fw-la vocatus_fw-la ad_fw-la regnum_fw-la hierosolymitanum_n foeliciter_fw-la gubernandum_fw-la &_o quam_fw-la frontosè_fw-la illud_fw-la infoeliciter_fw-la refutaverit_fw-la merito_fw-la propterea_fw-la à _fw-la deo_fw-la reprobandus_fw-la nostis_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la superbiam_fw-la &_o ferocitatem_fw-la illius_fw-la quia_fw-la vir_fw-la bellicosus_fw-la pacis_fw-la impatiens_fw-la est_fw-la vosque_fw-la scienter_fw-la quasi_fw-la contemptibiles_fw-la &_o quos_fw-la desides_fw-la vocat_fw-la &_o glutones_fw-la conculcare_fw-la desiderat_fw-la ego_fw-la vero_fw-la rex_fw-la humilis_fw-la &_o pacificus_fw-la vos_fw-la in_o pace_n in_o antiquis_fw-la vestris_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la prout_fw-la crebrius_fw-la jurejur_fw-la ando_fw-la promisi_fw-la gestio_fw-la confovere_fw-la &_o vestris_fw-la inclinando_fw-la consiliis_fw-la consultius_fw-la ac_fw-la mitius_fw-la more_fw-it mansueti_fw-la principis_fw-la sapienter_fw-la gubernare_fw-la &_o super_fw-la his_o si_fw-la provideritis_fw-la scripta_fw-la subarata_fw-la roborate_v &_o iteratis_fw-la juramentis_fw-la praedicta_fw-la certissime_fw-la confirmare_fw-la omne_fw-la videlicer_n quae_fw-la sanctus_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la deo_fw-la inspirante_fw-la providè_fw-la sancivit_fw-la inviolabiliter_fw-la jubeo_fw-la observari_fw-la ut_fw-la mecum_fw-la fideliter_fw-la stantes_fw-la fratris_fw-la mei_fw-la immò_fw-la &_o mei_fw-la &_o totius_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la hostess_fw-la cruentissimi_fw-la injurias_fw-la potenter_fw-la animose_n ac_fw-la voluntary_a propulsetis_fw-la si_fw-mi enim_fw-la fortitudine_fw-la anglorum_fw-la roborer_n inane_n normannorum_fw-la minas_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la censeo_fw-la formidandas_fw-la talibus_fw-la igitur_fw-la promissis_fw-la quae_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o sine_fw-la impudenter_fw-la violavit_fw-la omnium_fw-la corda_fw-la sibi_fw-la inclinavit_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la ipso_fw-la contra_fw-la quemlibet_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la capitis_fw-la expositionem_fw-la dimicarent_fw-la this_o speech_n to_o i_o be_v another_o strong_a confirmation_n and_o argument_n against_o the_o norman_a conquest_n for_o it_o be_v luce_n clarius_fw-la 1._o that_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o hold_v the_o crown_n jure_fw-la victoris_fw-la 2._o that_o the_o english_a be_v not_o total_o subdue_v and_o destroy_v by_o his_o
regni_fw-la totis_fw-la reretroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o and_o his_o progenitour_n if_o so_o then_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n grandfather_n to_o e._n 1._o and_o so_o before_o h._n 3._o 1._o the_o burgess_n of_o st._n alban_n 〈◊〉_d in_o their_o petition_n to_o king_n e._n 2._o an_z o_o 8_o o_o say_v that_o they_o sicut_fw-la â—â—eteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la regis_fw-la when_o it_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v summon_v per_fw-la duos_fw-la comburgenses_n suos_fw-la venire_fw-la debeant_fw-la prout_fw-la totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la venire_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la tam_fw-la tempore_fw-la domini_fw-la ed._n nuper_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la patris_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o well_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o the_o king_n father_n &_o progenitorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 2._o semper_fw-la ante_fw-la instans_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la and_o declare_v that_o the_o name_n of_o such_o burgess_n come_v to_o parliament_n be_v always_o enrol_v in_o the_o 618._o roll_n of_o the_o chancery_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o the_o sheriff_n of_o hartford_n at_o the_o procuration_n and_o favour_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o his_o council_n refuse_v burgenses_n praedictos_fw-la praemunire_n seu_fw-la nomina_fw-la eorum_fw-la retornare_fw-la prout_fw-la ad_fw-la ipsum_fw-la pertinuit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o they_o pray_v remedy_n respon_n scrutentur_fw-la rotuli_n etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr concilium_fw-la cancellaria_fw-la si_fw-la temporibus_fw-la progenitorum_fw-la regis_fw-la burgenses_n praedicti_fw-la solebant_fw-la venire_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la &_o tunc_fw-la fiat_fw-la eye_n super_fw-la hoc_fw-la justitia_fw-la vocatis_fw-la evocandis_fw-la si_fw-la necesse_fw-la suerit_fw-la i_o do_v not_o think_v there_o needs_o much_o enforce_v this_o record_n since_o the_o prescription_n of_o send_v duos_fw-la comburgenses_n ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la regis_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la do_v be_v that_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n be_v always_o accustom_v to_o send_v two_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n in_o all_o former_a age_n not_o only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o but_o his_o progenitor_n therefore_o in_o king_n john_n time_n his_o grandfather_n at_o least_o and_o so_o before_o h._n 3._o and_o though_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o petition_n which_o in_o that_o age_n be_v give_v in_o parliament_n per_fw-la concilium_fw-la or_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n and_o other_o the_o king_n learned_a council_n say_v scrutentur_fw-la rotuli_n si_fw-la temporibus_fw-la progenitorum_fw-la regis_fw-la 23._o which_o may_v go_v to_o the_o whole_a reign_n of_o king_n john_n as_o before_z burgenses_n praedicti_fw-la solebant_fw-la venire_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la yet_o that_o grave_n and_o wise_a council_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o scruple_n but_o clear_o admit_v and_o confirm_v the_o general_a prescription_n that_o there_o be_v borough_n that_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n temporibus_fw-la e._n 1._o &_o progenitorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la which_o go_v high_a than_o h._n 3._o his_o father_n and_o it_o can_v in_o common_a reason_n be_v suppose_v much_o less_o believe_v that_o the_o burgess_n of_o s_o t_o alban_n or_o the_o lawyer_n or_o penman_n of_o the_o petition_n shall_v dare_v to_o tell_v the_o king_n and_o learned_a council_n in_o the_o face_n of_o a_o parliament_n a_o novelty_n so_o great_a and_o ridiculous_a and_o that_o record_v to_o posterity_n by_o the_o council_n that_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o and_o his_o progenitor_n have_v send_v two_o burgess_n to_o every_o parliament_n when_o all_o the_o world_n then_o know_v if_o the_o modern_a opinion_n be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v never_o any_o election_n of_o any_o burgess_n to_o parliament_n before_o the_o 49_o h._n 3._o which_o be_v but_o 50._o year_n before_o 8_o e._n 2._o and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o petition_n fresh_a in_o their_o own_o memory_n no_o sure_o the_o burgess_n of_o s_o t_o alban_n do_v not_o ground_n their_o petition_n of_o right_n upon_o a_o general_a allegation_n or_o a_o affirmation_n in_o nubes_fw-la but_o the_o justice_n and_o certainty_n of_o their_o claim_n as_o they_o themselves_o very_o well_o know_v so_o they_o pray_v it_o may_v be_v examine_v and_o try_v by_o uncontrollable_a witness_n record_n the_o roll_n of_o chancery_n the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o council_n do_v no_o less_o know_v there_o be_v such_o roll_n and_o therefore_o order_v the_o search_n but_o if_o the_o petition_n have_v be_v notorious_o false_a and_o idle_a instead_o of_o record_v it_o to_o future_a age_n they_o will_v with_o contempt_n and_o scorn_n have_v reject_v it_o nor_o will_v the_o great_a abbot_n of_o s_o t_o alban_n his_o council_n and_o the_o sheriff_n of_o hertford_n against_o who_o the_o petition_n be_v exhibit_v have_v be_v want_v in_o their_o own_o defence_n to_o have_v show_v and_o prove_v that_o this_o ancient_a prescription_n be_v a_o mere_a chimaera_n and_o fable_n no_o they_o all_o be_v well_o satisfy_v that_o the_o borough_n have_v send_v two_o burgess_n to_o every_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o and_o his_o progenitor_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o oppose_v or_o contradict_v their_o just_a and_o ancient_a right_n according_a to_o their_o prescription_n all_o which_o appear_v clear_o by_o this_o that_o both_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o petition_n and_o ever_o since_o they_o have_v send_v two_o burgess_n to_o every_o parliament_n the_o second_o argument_n from_o record_n an._n 15_o johannis_n regis_fw-la wherein_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n not_o so_o numerous_a then_o as_o after_o and_o now_o together_o with_o the_o earl_n baron_n &_o magnates_fw-la angliae_fw-la be_v to_o give_v consilium_fw-la &_o auxilium_fw-la ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o suum_fw-la &_o statum_fw-la regni_fw-la who_o short_o after_o meet_v at_o london_n convocatum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la de_fw-la toto_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la secta_fw-la laicali_fw-la and_o so_o within_o the_o express_a prescription_n of_o the_o borough_n of_o s._n alban_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o some_o have_v date_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n from_o the_o parliament_n of_o runningmead_n 17_o o_o reg._n joh._n it_o may_v therefore_o be_v worth_a our_o pain_n to_o observe_v this_o great_a record_n follow_v and_o to_o consider_v whether_o from_o thence_o may_v not_o be_v prove_v this_o conclusion_n that_o 〈◊〉_d great_a city_n and_o boro_n 〈…〉_z s_o of_o the_o kingdom_n not_o so_o 〈…〉_z merous_fw-la then_o as_o after_o and_o now_o in_o the_o 16_o o_o of_o king_n john_n before_o the_o grant_n of_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d confirm_v the_o ancient_a law_n in_o his_o 17_o the_o year_n at_o runningmead_n do_v send_v their_o proxy_n and_o representative_n to_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n for_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v in_o reason_n that_o every_o individual_a citizen_n and_o burgess_n can_v come_v no_o more_o than_o every_o parson_n of_o a_o parish_n to_o a_o convocation_n or_o to_o a_o meeting_n of_o the_o whole_a clergy_n of_o england_n the_o record_n say_v that_o the_o 2._o king_n be_v in_o partibus_fw-la transmarinis_fw-la write_v majori_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la london_n majori_fw-la &_o probis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la winton_n northampt._n lincoln_n ebor._n oxon._n glouc._n heref._n exon._n worcestr_n cantebr_n hunt_n bristol_n norwich_n and_o all_o the_o great_a borough_n of_o the_o demesne_n of_o the_o king_n give_v remanen_fw-la they_o account_n of_o his_o proceed_n and_o success_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o french_a and_o that_o the_o pope_n have_v by_o his_o letter_n release_v the_o interdict_v under_o which_o the_o kingdom_n than_o lie_v which_o the_o king_n have_v then_o send_v to_o peter_n bishop_n of_o winton_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o desire_v that_o they_o will_v believe_v what_o the_o bishop_n shall_v speak_v to_o they_o that_o consilium_fw-la &_o auxilium_fw-la vestrum_fw-la ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la nostrum_fw-la &_o vestrum_fw-la &_o statum_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o melius_fw-la communicandum_fw-la efficaciter_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la apponatis_fw-la and_o that_o majori_fw-la festinatione_fw-la expediretur_fw-la testae_fw-la apud_fw-la rupellam_fw-la 6_o o_o die_v martii_fw-la in_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o write_v to_o dorso_fw-la william_n earl_n marshal_n and_o to_o all_o the_o earl_n baron_n &_o magnatibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n testae_fw-la apud_fw-la rupellam_fw-la 8_o o_o die_v martii_fw-la in_o order_n therefore_o to_o our_o proof_n of_o a_o parliament_n from_o these_o record_n let_v we_o make_v two_o observation_n 1._o negative_a 2._o affirmative_a though_o the_o writ_n be_v general_a negative_a and_o mention_n not_o any_o time_n or_o place_n for_o meeting_n or_o come_v to_o parliament_n or_o the_o great_a council_n the_o king_n refer_v that_o i_o suppose_v to_o his_o regent_n or_o chief_a justice_n here_o yet_o it_o can_v be_v
intend_v that_o peter_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n be_v then_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n shall_v go_v from_o county_n to_o county_n city_n to_o city_n borough_n to_o borough_n or_o as_o our_o churchwarden_n do_v from_o house_n to_o house_n rogare_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o auxilium_fw-la the_o proper_a business_n of_o a_o parliament_n to_o desire_v and_o entreat_v for_o their_o counsel_n and_o aid_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n their_o own_o &_o statum_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n sure_o that_o have_v be_v a_o employment_n fit_a for_o the_o wander_a jew_n or_o johannes_n de_fw-fr temporibus_fw-la and_o such_o counsel_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v of_o a_o very_a different_a and_o various_a nature_n and_o both_o agree_v very_o ill_o with_o the_o word_n majori_fw-la festinatione_fw-la and_o urgency_n of_o the_o content_n of_o the_o writ_n let_v we_o then_o inquire_v what_o be_v the_o effect_n and_o consequent_n of_o these_o writ_n and_o that_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o second_o observation_n king_n john_n begin_v his_o reign_n 6_o o_o affirmative_a aprilis_n the_o writ_n bear_v date_n 6_o o_o &_o 8_o o_o martii_fw-la which_o be_v the_o close_a of_o an._n 15_o o._n it_o may_v be_v the_o wind_n be_v very_a cross_n or_o for_o some_o other_o reason_n the_o letter_n may_v not_o so_o speedy_o be_v bring_v over_o or_o publish_v here_o or_o after_o the_o summons_n there_o may_v be_v above_o forty_o day_n before_o they_o meet_v but_o sure_o it_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o july_n after_o that_o march_v be_v the_o sixteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n we_o find_v nicholaus_fw-la tusculanensis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la 27._o &_o apostolicae_fw-la sedis_fw-la legatus_fw-la per_fw-la nuntio_n memoratos_fw-la domini_fw-la papae_fw-la authenticum_fw-la acceperat_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la transmarinis_fw-la sed_fw-la quoniam_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la in_o recessu_fw-la svo_fw-la ab_fw-la anglia_fw-it legato_n jam_fw-la dicto_fw-la &_o willielmo_n marescallo_n vice_n svas_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la negotio_fw-la commiserat_fw-la idem_fw-la legatus_fw-la in_o urbe_fw-la londinensi_fw-la apud_fw-la sanctum_fw-la paulum_fw-la grande_fw-fr congregavit_fw-la concilium_fw-la ubi_fw-la congregatis_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la 26._o comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la negotium_fw-la interdicti_fw-la the_o very_a business_n of_o the_o writ_n spectantibus_fw-la proposuit_fw-la coram_fw-la omnibus_fw-la formam_fw-la restitutionis_fw-la and_o the_o great_a selden_n the_o honour_n 587._o of_o the_o inner-temple_n or_o rather_o as_o the_o learned_a grotius_n honos_fw-la britanniae_fw-la to_o drive_v the_o nail_n home_o say_v but_o we_o know_v by_o what_o be_v already_o show_v that_o divers_a former_a parliament_n be_v in_o this_o king_n time_n mean_v before_o the_o grant_n of_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la an._n 17_o joh._n though_o the_o law_n make_v in_o they_o be_v lose_v and_o in_o the_o year_n before_o the_o charter_n also_o which_o be_v an._n 16_o joh._n the_o author_n of_o eulogium_fw-la say_v that_o convocatum_fw-la est_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la londoniis_fw-la praesidente_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la cum_fw-la toto_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la secta_fw-la laicali_fw-la whereinis_fw-la per_fw-la domini_fw-la papae_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la illa_fw-la obligatio_fw-la quam_fw-la rex_fw-la domino_fw-la papae_fw-la fecerat_fw-la cum_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la &_o homagio_fw-la relaxatur_fw-la omnino_fw-la seven_o '_o die_v julii_n have_v thus_o prove_v a_o parliament_n in_o the_o 16_o the_o of_o king_n john_n and_o that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n have_v their_o summons_n to_o it_o which_o be_v remarkable_a by_o a_o writ_n particular_a and_o distinct_a from_o that_o of_o the_o lord_n viz._n the_o earl_n baron_n &_o magnates_fw-la angliae_fw-la i_o will_v conclude_v this_o argument_n with_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o r._n 2._o cap._n 4._o where_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n lord_n and_o commons_o that_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n and_o commonalty_n be_v he_o archbishop_n abbot_z prior_n earl_n baron_n etc._n etc._n which_o shall_v have_v a_o summons_n to_o parliament_n shall_v come_v from_o thenceforth_o to_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v and_o have_v be_v accustom_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n of_o old_a time_n and_o if_o they_o do_v absent_v themselves_o and_o come_v not_o he_o and_o they_o shall_v be_v amerce_v or_o otherwise_o punish_v according_a as_o of_o old_a time_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o be_v do_v from_o hence_o i_o shall_v observe_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v summons_n to_o parliament_n of_o old_a time_n as_o well_o to_o the_o commonalty_n that_o be_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n as_o to_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o so_o the_o statute_n may_v seem_v to_o affirm_v the_o prescription_n of_o s_o t_o alban_n that_o say_v that_o they_o have_v send_v duos_fw-la comburgenses_n sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la do_v to_o every_o parliament_n totis_fw-la retroactis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la before_o e._n 1._o and_o his_o progenitor_n 2._o that_o the_o phrase_n of_o old_a time_n be_v in_o point_n of_o prescription_n and_o antiquity_n apply_v equal_o and_o without_o distinction_n or_o limitation_n as_o well_o to_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o commons_z but_o if_o the_o first_o have_v of_o old_a time_n as_o our_o modern_a author_n write_v be_v the_o only_a constituent_a part_n of_o the_o parliament_n it_o may_v in_o reason_n and_o prudence_n be_v think_v they_o will_v not_o have_v consent_v to_o have_v admit_v that_o summons_n to_o parliament_n for_o the_o commons_o be_v coeval_n with_o they_o nor_o will_v they_o have_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v by_o a_o solemn_a act_n the_o protestation_n or_o declaration_n of_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o the_o parliament_n 2_o h._n 5._o n._n 10._o that_o the_o commons_o have_v ever_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o that_o no_o statute_n or_o law_n can_v be_v make_v without_o their_o assent_n 3._o that_o if_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o absent_v themselves_o and_o come_v not_o to_o parliament_n they_o shall_v be_v amerce_v or_o otherwise_o punish_v as_o of_o old_a time_n have_v be_v accustom_v to_o be_v do_v this_o branch_n plain_o agree_v 1._o with_o the_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la write_v as_o m_n r_o selden_n say_v tempore_fw-la e._n 3._o that_o the_o first_o day_n the_o burgess_n and_o citizen_n shall_v be_v call_v and_o if_o they_o do_v not_o come_v they_o shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o so_o m_n r_o prynn_n mistake_v in_o 3._o his_o animadversion_n when_o he_o say_v that_o no_o absent_a lord_n be_v fine_v before_o 31_o h._n 6._o 2._o it_o appear_v exit_fw-la vi_fw-la terminorum_fw-la of_o old_a time_n it_o have_v be_v so_o accustom_v to_o be_v do_v that_o this_o prescription_n may_v well_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o 16_o joh._n and_o long_o before_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 17_o of_o that_o king_n sai_z civitas_n london_n habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la svas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la by_o force_n and_o virtue_n of_o which_o word_n antiquas_fw-la their_o old_a or_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o custom_n not_o only_o confirm_v by_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o william_n the_o first_o but_o use_v even_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o before_o be_v in_o parliament_n ratify_v and_o confirm_v the_o three_o argument_n from_o the_o solemn_a and_o great_a judgement_n of_o both_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o the_o parliament_n of_o 40_o e._n 3._o against_o the_o pope_n that_o if_o king_n john_n have_v an._n 14._o of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v three_o year_n before_o the_o grant_n of_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la make_v the_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n he_o have_v do_v it_o sanz_o lour_v assent_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o and_o therefore_o void_a king_n john_n an._n 14._o of_o his_o reign_n 14._o make_v himself_o and_o crown_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n but_o anno_fw-la 40_o e._n 3._o the_o prelate_n 8._o duke_n count_n baron_n and_o commons_o upon_o their_o full_a deliberation_n in_o parliament_n resolve_v with_o one_o accord_n that_o neither_o the_o king_n nor_o any_o other_o can_v put_v the_o realm_n nor_o people_n thereof_o into_o such_o subjection_n sanz_fw-fr assent_n de_fw-fr eux_fw-fr without_o their_o assent_n viz._n as_o well_o of_o the_o 1._o commons_o as_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o many_o evidence_n that_o if_o he_o have_v so_o do_v it_o be_v do_v sanz_n lour_v assent_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o coronation_n oath_n and_o if_o the_o pope_n attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o either_o have_v at_o the_o instance_n and_o solicitation_n of_o the_o nuncupatur_fw-la french_a king_n threaten_v to_o interdict_v or_o outlaw_n both_o king_n and_o kingdom_n they_o will_v oppose_v and_o resist_v he_o
ove_fw-la tout_fw-fr lour_v puissance_n the_o observation_n i_o shall_v make_v from_o this_o great_a judgement_n shall_v be_v two_o 1._o that_o above_o 300._o year_n ago_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o scruple_n or_o fancy_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n 552._o of_o which_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v then_o undoubted_o a_o part_n ought_v not_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n reign_n and_o to_o have_v assent_v to_o that_o king_n resignation_n an._n 14._o to_o make_v it_o legal_a and_o valid_a as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n 2._o if_o the_o commons_o have_v never_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o but_o that_o the_o king_n and_o great_a lord_n only_o make_v law_n and_o have_v a_o inherent_a power_n as_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a writer_n say_v to_o tax_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la jure_fw-la repraesentationis_fw-la sure_o they_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v record_v to_o posterity_n so_o great_a a_o testimonial_a of_o the_o antiquity_n and_o right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n than_o so_o distinguish_v from_o the_o great_a lord_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o roll_n may_v it_o not_o then_o be_v admit_v they_o speak_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v a_o undisputable_a truth_n in_o diebus_fw-la illis_fw-la unless_o we_o must_v believe_v that_o the_o great_a and_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o age_n better_o understand_v the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n of_o king_n john_n time_n and_o so_o upward_o above_o 460._o year_n since_o than_o the_o whole_a parliament_n of_o 40_o e._n 3._o the_o parliament_n of_o their_o grandfather_n time_n as_o be_v the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n and_o indeed_o this_o famous_a resolution_n be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n before_o the_o norman_a duke_n gain_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o king_n harold_n answer_n to_o his_o ambassador_n require_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o king_n oath_n to_o take_v the_o duke_n daughter_n to_o wife_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o crown_n for_o he_o de_fw-fr regno_fw-la addebat_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_fw-la conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la alienam_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la juraverit_fw-la which_o be_v record_v by_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n lib._n 3._o p._n 56._o l._n 24._o in_o vita_fw-la williemi_fw-fr i._n a_o author_n without_o all_o exception_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 1._o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v ignorant_a where_fw-mi and_o in_o who_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o england_n do_v reside_v there_o be_v but_o 33._o year_n from_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_a duke_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o that_o king_n and_o of_o this_o historian_n the_o learned_a balaeus_n give_v this_o eulogium_fw-la vir_fw-la erat_fw-la svo_fw-la seculo_fw-la in_o omni_fw-la genere_fw-la bonarum_fw-la literarum_fw-la plene_fw-la eruditissimus_fw-la &_o in_o eruendis_fw-la antiquitatibus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la diligentia_fw-la &_o industria_fw-la singularis_fw-la angliae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la nationis_fw-la studosissimus_fw-la illustrator_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o arthur_n duke_n of_o bretaign_n the_o annal_n of_o england_n tell_v we_o that_o king_n john_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o french_a king_n as_o duke_z of_o normandy_n to_o appear_v at_o his_o court_n and_o judicial_o to_o answer_v the_o pretend_a murder_n of_o arthur_n his_o nephew_n whereupon_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o hubert_z de_fw-fr burgo_n after_o earl_n of_o kent_n and_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n nuntii_fw-la solemne_n &_o prudentes_fw-la be_v send_v to_o the_o french_a king_n to_o who_o the_o bishop_n thus_o speak_v domine_fw-la 284._o rex_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la vestram_fw-la venire_fw-la nisi_fw-la veniret_fw-la 61._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la sint_fw-la dux_n &_o rex_n quod_fw-la non_fw-la permitteret_fw-la aliquo_fw-la modo_fw-la baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la etsi_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la hoc_fw-la vellet_fw-la so_o careful_a be_v the_o baronage_n or_o parliament_n to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a right_n safety_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n an._n 3_o joh._n before_o any_o difference_n happen_v between_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n anno_fw-la 29_o e._n 1._o the_o king_n send_v ambassador_n 1._o to_o the_o french_a king_n ut_fw-la quid_fw-la de_fw-la truga_fw-la de_fw-fr guerra_fw-mi &_o the_o pace_n deliberasset_fw-la nunciaret_fw-la and_o be_v answer_v se_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la sine_fw-la duodecim_fw-la paribus_fw-la qui_fw-la occupati_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la circa_fw-la novam_fw-la guerram_fw-la tam_fw-la ardua_fw-la tractare_fw-la but_o that_o he_o expect_v their_o come_n in_o fifteen_o day_n quo_fw-la tempore_fw-la transacto_fw-la ipsis_fw-la consentientibus_fw-la they_o declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o determine_v thereof_o inconsultis_fw-la secum_fw-la scotis_n whereupon_o those_o ambassador_n return_v igitur_fw-la convocato_fw-la parliamento_fw-la londoniis_fw-la recitatisque_fw-la frustratoriis_fw-la dilationibus_fw-la &_o falsis_fw-la machinationibus_fw-la praedictorum_fw-la ambassador_n be_v again_o send_v and_o receive_v this_o answer_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la adveniret_fw-la faciemus_fw-la personaliter_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la duos_fw-la reges_fw-la de_fw-la optima_fw-la pace_fw-la conveniretur_fw-la whereupon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n aliud_fw-la habuit_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la talia_fw-la recitata_fw-la displicuerunt_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la concilio_n or_o parliament_n definitum_fw-la est_fw-la regem_fw-la pro_fw-la aliquo_fw-la mandato_fw-la vel_fw-la suggestionibus_fw-la ab_fw-la anglia_fw-it egredi_fw-la non_fw-la debere_fw-la from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v the_o reader_n may_v easy_o observe_v 1._o that_o the_o weighty_a and_o great_a affair_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n both_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n and_o after_o be_v by_o a_o fundamental_a principle_n and_o law_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o be_v consult_v of_o and_o resolve_v in_o the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o that_o no_o particular_a person_n or_o order_n of_o man_n do_v take_v upon_o they_o such_o power_n sine_fw-la consensu_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o h._n 3._o and_o his_o council_n well_o know_v when_o he_o tell_v otto_n the_o pope_n nuntio_n quod_fw-la solus_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la definire_fw-la nec_fw-la 3._o debuit_fw-la negotium_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la cleriâ—os_fw-la &_o laiâ—os_fw-la generaliter_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la tangebat_fw-la which_o e._n 1_o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o 23_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n thus_o confirm_v quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la tangit_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dorso_fw-la approbetur_fw-la 2._o that_o the_o generalis_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventus_fw-la &_o edictum_fw-la or_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n the_o baronagium_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o king_n john_n time_n and_o the_o concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliamentum_fw-la in_o the_o reign_n of_o e._n 1._o be_v verba_fw-la synonyma_fw-la differ_v in_o phrase_n but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o assembly_n in_o substance_n the_o four_o argument_n from_o several_a record_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la de_fw-la annis_n 28_o 32_o 3â—_n 42_o &_o 48_o h._n 3._o mention_v parliament_n then_o hold_v and_o their_o proceed_n in_o some_o of_o which_o 〈…〉_z the_o word_n commons_o be_v express_o mention_v as_o well_o as_o the_o prelate_n &_o magnate_n to_o be_v part_n of_o those_o parliament_n the_o general_a council_n at_o runningmead_n 〈◊〉_d hold_v 17_o jâ—â—_n be_v 29._o year_n after_o and_o 20._o year_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o call_v parliamentum_fw-la de_fw-mi runeme_v memorandum_n quod_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la a_o 〈…〉_z die_v pasch._n in_o tres_fw-la septimanas_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la regis_fw-la h._n 3._o 28._o london_n celebrato_fw-la negotium_fw-la crucis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it una_fw-la cum_fw-la collectione_n decimae_fw-la benefiâ—â—â—rum_fw-la ecclesiasâ—â—corum_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la in_o subsidium_fw-la terrae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la à _fw-la sede_fw-la apostolica_fw-la deputat_fw-la be_v treat_v of_o a_o utlary_n against_o william_n de_fw-fr dorso_fw-la hastingcott_n be_v reverse_v and_o he_o restore_v to_o all_o he_o have_v lose_v thereby_o and_o this_o do_v coram_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o toto_fw-la parliamento_fw-la inter_fw-la communia_fw-la hilar._n 17_o e._n 3._o 〈◊〉_d penes_fw-la rememoratorem_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o scaccario_fw-la it_o appear_v in_o a_o plea_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n that_o 29_o &_o 32_o h._n 3._o quaedam_fw-la subsidia_fw-la per_fw-la magnates_fw-la &_o communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la spontanea_fw-la &_o mera_fw-fr voluntate_fw-la regi_fw-la concessa_fw-la or_o as_o bracton_n phrase_v 37._o it_o exit_fw-la consensu_fw-la communi_fw-la totius_fw-la regui_fw-la be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o magnates_n &_o communitas_fw-la towards_o the_o marry_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n and_o also_o the_o king_n sister_n to_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n which_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o
many_o of_o the_o great_a clergy_n and_o temporal_a nobility_n instead_o of_o cum_fw-la multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la have_v these_o word_n multis_fw-la praeterea_fw-la illustrissimis_fw-la virorum_fw-la personis_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la principibus_fw-la diversi_fw-la ordinis_fw-la omissis_fw-la qui_fw-la similiter_fw-la huic_fw-la confirmationi_fw-la piissimo_fw-la affectu_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o fautores_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la hii_n autem_fw-la illo_fw-la tempore_fw-la à _fw-la regius_fw-la potestate_fw-la diversis_fw-la provinciis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o urbibus_fw-la ad_fw-la universalem_fw-la synodum_fw-la pro_fw-la causis_fw-la cujustibet_fw-la christianae_n ecclesiae_fw-la audiendis_fw-la &_o tractandis_fw-la ad_fw-la praescriptum_fw-la celeberrimum_fw-la synodum_fw-la quod_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la dicitur_fw-la convocati_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o book_n i_o find_v write_v this_o note_n nota_fw-la hic_fw-la hos_fw-la omnes_fw-la convocari_fw-la à _fw-la rege_fw-la sua_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la ad_fw-la causas_fw-la religionis_fw-la tractandas_fw-la tam_fw-la nobiles_fw-la de_fw-la clero_fw-la quam_fw-la principes_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la inferioris_fw-la gradus_fw-la conventio_fw-la quorum_fw-la videtur_fw-la esse_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o year-book_n of_o e._n 60._o 3._o above_o 330._o year_n since_o in_o a_o case_n touch_v the_o exemption_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o bury_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n we_o have_v mention_n of_o a_o parliament_n hold_v en_fw-fr temps_fw-fr de_fw-fr w._n conqueror_n à _fw-fr son_fw-fr parliament_n king_n william_n the_o second_o king_n william_n the_o first_o 1187._o be_v dead_a william_n his_o second_o son_n then_o live_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n who_o design_v to_o prevent_v his_o elder_a brother_n robert_n of_o the_o crown_n find_v lanfranc_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n not_o altogether_o consent_v with_o he_o therein_o to_o the_o complete_n his_o desire_n and_o fear_v lest_o the_o delay_n of_o his_o consecration_n may_v prejudice_v his_o desire_a honour_n he_o begin_v by_o give_v large_a gift_n and_o reward_n to_o the_o people_n and_o as_o well_o by_o himself_o as_o all_o other_o who_o he_o can_v engage_v fide_fw-la sacramentoque_fw-la lanfranco_n promittere_fw-la by_o his_o faith_n and_o oath_n to_o promise_v unto_o lanfranc_n si_fw-mi rex_fw-la foret_fw-la justitiam_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la &_o misericordiam_fw-la se_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la in_fw-la omni_fw-la negotio_fw-la servaturum_fw-la he_o will_v in_o all_o action_n observe_v and_o keep_v justice_n equity_n and_o mercy_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n that_o he_o will_v defend_v the_o peace_n liberty_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o church_n against_o all_o man_n and_o also_o that_o he_o will_v in_o and_o through_o all_o thing_n obey_v the_o precept_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o arch-prelate_n thereupon_o in_o regem_fw-la 〈…〉_z eligitur_fw-la &_o consecratur_fw-la but_o not_o long_o after_o odo_n 264._o bishop_n of_o baiox_n earl_n of_o kent_n geffrey_n bishop_n of_o constance_n robert_z earl_n of_o morton_n roger_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o all_o the_o norman_a prelate_n and_o nobility_n in_o england_n enter_v into_o a_o conspiracy_n to_o make_v robert_n king_n and_o to_o deliver_v king_n william_n to_o his_o brother_n alive_a or_o dead_a and_o thereupon_o they_o take_v arm_n the_o king_n hear_v these_o thing_n and_o foresee_v his_o inevitable_a ruin_n if_o the_o english_a power_n do_v not_o preserve_v he_o cause_v the_o english_a to_o be_v assemble_v together_o and_o show_v they_o the_o treason_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o entreat_v and_o beg_v they_o to_o help_v and_o defend_v he_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o if_o they_o will_v be_v faithful_a to_o he_o in_o that_o his_o necessity_n and_o distress_n he_o will_v grant_v they_o better_a law_n which_o they_o shall_v choose_v and_o will_v forbid_v or_o interdict_v all_o unjust_a scot_n tax_n or_o tallage_n and_o grant_v to_o all_o person_n their_o wood_n and_o hunting_n upon_o which_o assurance_n and_o promise_v the_o english_a do_v faithful_o assist_v he_o and_o by_o their_o power_n valiant_o overthrow_v the_o norman_n and_o preserve_v and_o fix_v the_o crown_n upon_o william_n head_n but_o whatsoever_o he_o promise_v he_o keep_v but_o a_o short_a time_n the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n be_v his_o auditis_fw-la rex_fw-la fecit_fw-la b._n congregari_fw-la anglos_n &_o ostendit_fw-la eye_v traditionem_fw-la normannorum_fw-la &_o rogavit_fw-la ut_fw-la sibi_fw-la auxilio_fw-la essent_fw-la eo_fw-la tenore_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la necessitate_v sibi_fw-la fideles_fw-la existerent_fw-la meliorem_fw-la legem_fw-la quam_fw-la vellent_fw-la eligere_fw-la eye_n concederet_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la injustum_fw-la scottâ—m_fw-la interdixit_fw-la &_o concessit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la sylvas_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o venationem_fw-la sed_fw-la quicquid_fw-la promisit_fw-la parvo_fw-la tempore_fw-la custodivit_fw-la angli_fw-la tunc_fw-la fideliter_fw-la eum_fw-la juvabant_fw-la 1._o it_o be_v therefore_o evident_a from_o hence_o that_o william_n the_o second_o do_v not_o claim_v the_o crown_n jure_fw-la gladii_fw-la by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sword_n nor_o do_v he_o affirm_v that_o he_o have_v a_o despotical_a right_a to_o make_v or_o change_v law_n ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la suum_fw-la sine_fw-la assensu_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a observation_n to_o i_o that_o from_o the_o pretend_a conquest_n to_o this_o day_n i_o never_o read_v of_o any_o king_n of_o england_n that_o declare_v and_o public_o own_v any_o such_o prerogative_n or_o right_n but_o only_o that_o miserable_a and_o unfortunate_a prince_n richard_n the_o second_o which_o the_o parliament_n roll_v thus_o express_v item_n idem_fw-la rex_fw-la nolens_fw-la justas_fw-la leges_fw-la 1â—_n &_o consuetudines_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la seruare_fw-la seu_fw-la protegere_fw-la sed_fw-la secundum_fw-la suae_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la facere_fw-la quicquid_fw-la desideriis_fw-la ejus_fw-la occurreret_fw-la quandoque_fw-la &_o frequentius_fw-la quando_fw-la sibi_fw-la expositae_fw-la &_o declaratae_fw-la fuerant_fw-la leges_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la per_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la &_o alios_fw-la de_fw-la concilio_n svo_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la leges_fw-la illas_fw-la petentibus_fw-la justitiam_fw-la exhiberet_fw-la dixit_fw-la express_v vultu_fw-la austero_fw-la &_o protervo_fw-la quod_fw-la leges_fw-la suae_fw-la erant_fw-la in_o ore_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o aliquotiens_fw-la in_o pectore_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la solus_fw-la possit_fw-la mutare_fw-la &_o condere_fw-la leges_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o opinion_n illa_fw-la seductus_fw-la quampluribus_fw-la de_fw-la ligeis_n suis_fw-la justitiam_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la permisit_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la minas_fw-la &_o terrores_fw-la quamplures_fw-la à _fw-la prosecutione_n communis_fw-la justitiae_fw-la cessare_fw-la coegit_fw-la but_o far_o different_a be_v the_o sentiment_n and_o judgement_n of_o his_o grandfather_n great_a edward_n the_o three_o who_o tell_v we_o because_o that_o by_o divers_a complaint_n 137._o make_v to_o we_o we_o have_v perceive_v that_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o we_o by_o our_o oath_n be_v bind_v to_o maintain_v be_v the_o less_o well_o keep_v and_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o same_o disturb_a many_o time_n by_o maintenance_n and_o procurement_n as_o well_o in_o the_o court_n as_o in_o the_o country_n we_o great_o move_v of_o conscience_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n desire_v as_o much_o for_o the_o pleasure_n of_o god_n and_o ease_n and_o quietness_n of_o our_o subject_n as_o to_o our_o conscience_n and_o for_o to_o save_v and_o keep_v our_o say_a oath_n we_o have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n and_o wise_a king_n james_n 1157._o say_v that_o not_o only_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n but_o the_o people_n security_n of_o land_n live_n and_o privilege_n be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v by_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n privilege_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o by_o the_o abolish_n or_o alter_v of_o they_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o present_a confusion_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o whole_a state_n and_o frame_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o his_o late_a majesty_n of_o 29._o ever_o bless_a memory_n be_v of_o the_o same_o mind_n and_o opinion_n when_o he_o say_v the_o law_n be_v the_o inheritance_n of_o every_o subject_a and_o the_o only_a security_n he_o can_v have_v for_o his_o life_n or_o estate_n and_o the_o which_o be_v neglect_v or_o dis-esteemed_n under_o what_o specious_a show_n soever_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o infelicity_n if_o not_o a_o irreparable_a confusion_n must_v without_o doubt_n fall_v upon_o they_o henry_n the_o first_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n 14._o william_n the_o magnates_fw-la angliae_fw-la not_o know_v what_o be_v become_v of_o robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n elder_a brother_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n the_o say_a duke_n have_v be_v absent_a for_o five_o year_n in_o a_o voyage_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n be_v afraid_a to_o be_v long_o without_o a_o king_n which_o henricus_n fratrum_fw-la vltimus_fw-la &_o juvenis_fw-la sapientissimus_fw-la cum_fw-la callide_fw-la cognovisset_fw-la congregato_fw-la londoniis_fw-la clero_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la universo_fw-it promisit_fw-la emendationem_fw-la legum_fw-la quibus_fw-la oppressa_fw-la fuit_fw-la anglia_fw-it tempore_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la &_o fratris_fw-la
qui_fw-la inter_fw-la alios_fw-la principes_fw-la orbis_fw-la terrae_fw-la catholicum_fw-la se_fw-la exhibet_fw-la &_o romanae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la devotum_fw-la jura_fw-la sua_fw-la &_o libertates_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la &_o leges_fw-la praedictas_fw-la absque_fw-la diminutione_n &_o inquietudine_fw-la pacifice_fw-la possidere_fw-la ac_fw-la illibata_fw-la persistere_fw-la benignius_fw-la permittatis_fw-la in_o cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la testimonium_fw-la sigilla_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la nobis_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la tota_fw-la communitate_fw-la praedicti_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la appensa_fw-la datis_n &_o act_n lincolniae_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1301._o 2._o the_o second_o be_v the_o letter_n to_o 22._o the_o pope_n make_v at_o the_o parliament_n 17_o e._n 3._o touch_v provision_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la regni_fw-la pati_fw-la noluit_fw-la etc._n etc._n thus_o translate_v whereby_o the_o phrase_n nobilitas_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o the_o historian_n will_v be_v explain_v to_o the_o most_o holy_a father_n in_o 〈…〉_z god_n lord_n clement_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n and_o of_o the_o universal_a church_n chief_a and_o high_a bishop_n his_o humble_a and_o devout_a child_n the_o prince_n duke_n earls_z baron_n knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n assemble_v at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westm._n the_o 15_o the_o day_n of_o 〈…〉_z may_v last_v past_a etc._n etc._n in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v hereunto_o set_v our_o seal_n give_v in_o the_o full_a parliament_n at_o westm._n on_o the_o eighteen_o day_n of_o may_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1343._o and_o indeed_o the_o commons_o be_v 〈…〉_z so_o high_o incense_v that_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o this_o year_n tell_v we_o that_o la_fw-fr dite_fw-fr commune_fw-la ne_fw-fr le_fw-fr poet_n ne_fw-fr le_fw-fr 〈…〉_z t_o plus_fw-la endurere_fw-la those_o strange_a oppression_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o provisor_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n of_o 24_o h._n 8._o after_o great_a debate_n and_o consideration_n and_o a_o diligent_a search_n and_o inspection_n of_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v ground_n their_o statute_n among_o other_o upon_o these_o great_a authority_n the_o statute_n say_v whereas_o the_o king_n his_o most_o noble_a progenitor_n and_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o say_a realm_n at_o divers_a and_o sundry_a parliament_n as_o well_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o 〈◊〉_d 3._o r._n 2._o h._n 4._o and_o other_o noble_a 〈◊〉_d of_o this_o realm_n make_v sundâ—â—_n or_o 〈…〉_z s_o law_n statute_n and_o p_o 〈…〉_z for_o the_o entire_a and_o sure_o 〈…〉_z tion_n of_o the_o prerogative_n lib_fw-la 〈…〉_z and_o preeminence_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d imperial_a crown_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a of_o the_o same_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o annoyance_n as_o well_o of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n as_o from_o the_o authority_n of_o other_o foreign_a potentate_n attempt_v the_o diminution_n and_o violation_n thereof_o as_o often_o and_o from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o any_o such_o annoyance_n or_o attempt_n may_v be_v know_v or_o espy_v pulton_n stat._n 24_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o but_o to_o conclude_v the_o point_n of_o the_o various_a lection_n certain_o the_o different_a and_o great_a variety_n of_o word_n and_o phrase_n by_o which_o both_o the_o ancient_a historian_n and_o record_n have_v in_o their_o several_a age_n and_o time_n express_v and_o denote_v the_o communia_fw-la concilia_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n as_o now_o call_v and_o their_o constituent_a part_n be_v not_o well_o observe_v and_o consider_v by_o most_o of_o our_o late_a english_a author_n who_o understand_v they_o as_o if_o they_o have_v signify_v what_o afterward_o they_o do_v and_o now_o do_v have_v impose_v on_o our_o historical_a faith_n and_o propagate_v to_o posterity_n many_o palpable_a and_o gross_a error_n whereby_o great_a and_o unkind_a clashing_n and_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n as_o well_o among_o learned_a man_n as_o other_o have_v have_v their_o source_n and_o spring_n nay_o even_o between_o prince_n and_o people_n the_o general_a conclusion_n my_o only_a aim_n and_o endeavour_v in_o this_o discourse_n have_v be_v from_o public_a record_n private_a manuscript_n and_o the_o best_a historian_n to_o search_v out_o and_o discover_v truth_n and_o to_o assert_v the_o just_a honour_n of_o our_o worthy_a and_o famous_a ancestor_n commoner_n of_o england_n as_o now_o phrased_a great_a maintainer_n of_o the_o interest_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n and_o with_o submission_n to_o better_a judgement_n i_o hope_v i_o have_v plain_o prove_v 1._o that_o the_o freeman_n or_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o saxon_a wittena_n gemott_n or_o parliament_n 2._o that_o they_o so_o continue_v in_o the_o time_n of_o w._n 1._o w._n 2._o and_o h._n 1._o which_o last_o be_v a_o englishman_n by_o way_n of_o charter_n restore_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o his_o father_n william_n 1._o as_o well_o by_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o great_a charter_n as_o by_o his_o oath_n have_v before_o do_v both_o when_o he_o be_v crown_v and_o also_o at_o berkhamstead_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 3._o and_o though_o the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o succeed_a king_n reign_v till_o e._n 2._o be_v lose_v or_o not_o find_v so_o as_o we_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n as_o to_o the_o several_a order_n of_o parliament_n yet_o by_o what_o have_v be_v deduce_v from_o other_o record_n before_o cite_v it_o be_v evident_a i_o conceive_v that_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 16._o of_o king_n john_n and_o so_o have_v not_o their_o beginning_n by_o rebellion_n anno_fw-la 49_o h._n 3._o and_o therefore_o i_o may_v with_o good_a reason_n and_o warranty_n conclude_v that_o our_o ancestor_n the_o commons_o of_o england_n the_o knight_n gentleman_n freeholder_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n of_o a_o great_a and_o mighty_a nation_n be_v very_o far_o from_o be_v in_o former_a time_n such_o vassal_n and_o slave_n or_o so_o abject_a poor_a and_o inconsiderable_a as_o the_o absurd_a and_o malicious_a ignorance_n and_o falsity_n of_o late_a writer_n have_v be_v please_v to_o make_v and_o represent_v they_o especial_o the_o author_n of_o the_o grand_a freeholder_n inquest_n and_o mr._n james_n howel_n as_o if_o they_o be_v only_a beast_n of_o carriage_n and_o burden_n ordain_v to_o be_v tax_v and_o tâ—lliâ—â—ed_v and_o have_v their_o life_n estate_n and_o liberty_n give_v away_o and_o dispose_v of_o without_o their_o own_o assent_n under_o a_o novel_a opinion_n and_o conceit_n that_o they_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la regni_fw-la or_o parliament_n before_o 49_o h._n 3._o perlege_fw-la quae_fw-la regni_fw-la clarissima_fw-la conciliorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la monumenta_fw-la aliter_fw-la nil_fw-la praeter_fw-la somnia_fw-la cernis_fw-la appendix_n after_o i_o have_v complete_v the_o forego_n argument_n a_o material_a objection_n be_v by_o some_o of_o my_o friend_n offer_v i_o which_o if_o not_o clear_v in_o this_o discourse_n might_n in_o their_o judgement_n give_v a_o colour_n and_o pretence_n for_o a_o belief_n of_o a_o opinion_n which_o be_v this_o that_o the_o commons_o or_o people_n of_o objection_n england_n be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n represent_v by_o such_o as_o hold_v of_o thâ—_n k_n 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d capite_fw-la until_o 49_o h._n 3._o and_o 〈◊〉_d by_o two_o 〈◊〉_d for_o each_o county_n and_o certain_a burgess_n for_o several_a burrough_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n have_v before_o lay_v down_o a_o clear_a solution_n and_o plain_a distinction_n between_o barones_n regis_fw-la and_o barones_n regni_n i_o shall_v therefore_o now_o distinguish_v upon_o the_o phrase_n milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la revenue_n 1._o milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenâ—ntes_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la distinction_n rege_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la 2._o milites_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentes_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la distinction_n the_o first_o distinction_n i_o thus_o prove_v rot._n pal._n 2._o johannis_n m._n 9_o rex_fw-la dilecâ—is_fw-la distinction_n &_o fidelibus_fw-la 〈…〉_z s_o baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o libere_fw-la tenentibus_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la eo_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_fw-la he_o 〈…〉_z rnia_fw-la rot._n claus._n 19_o h._n 3._o m._n 7._o 8._o dorso_fw-la reâ—_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la ar_n 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d aâ—baâ—es_n priores_fw-la c_o 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d omâ—â—s_fw-la alii_fw-la de_fw-fr regno_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la nobiâ—â—â—nent_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la spontanea_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d consuetudine_fw-la con_v 〈…〉_z 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈…〉_z lium_o ad_fw-la magna_fw-la neâ—â—tia_fw-la 〈◊〉_d eâ—pedienda_fw-la rot._n claus._n 26_o h_n 3._o m._n 7._o dorso_fw-la rex_fw-la 〈…〉_z omili_fw-la norhamptoniae_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la tâ—â—i_fw-la 〈◊〉_d alius_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quâ—d_fw-la 〈◊〉_d facias_fw-la archiepi_fw-la 〈…〉_z