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charity_n be_v in_o the_o sighâ—_n of_o god_n several_a poor_a people_n pluck_v the_o ear_n of_o corn_n while_o they_o be_v green_a in_o the_o common_a field_n mere_o to_o keep_v themselves_o from_o starve_v at_o which_o the_o owner_n be_v much_o offend_v desire_v the_o priest_n of_o the_o parish_n to_o curse_v and_o excommunicate_v they_o all_o the_o next_o sunday_n but_o one_o in_o the_o company_n adjure_v the_o priest_n in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o exempt_v his_o corn_n from_o the_o sentence_n say_v that_o it_o please_v he_o well_o that_o the_o poor_a be_v pinch_v with_o famine_n have_v take_v his_o corn_n and_o so_o commend_v what_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n the_o priest_n be_v compel_v by_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o other_o have_v no_o soon_o begin_v the_o sentence_n but_o a_o sudden_a tempest_n of_o thunder_n lightning_z wind_z hail_o and_o rain_n interrupt_v he_o whereby_o all_o the_o cornfield_n thereabouts_o be_v lay_v waste_n and_o destroy_v as_o 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for_o his_o breach_n of_o promise_n have_v vow_v and_o declare_v in_o his_o charter_n never_o more_o to_o injure_v the_o state_n again_o also_o for_o his_o violent_a take_v up_o provision_n of_o wax_n silk_n robe_n and_o especial_o of_o wine_n contrary_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o seller_n and_o many_o other_o grievance_n they_o complain_v of_o all_o which_o the_o king_n hear_v patient_o in_o hope_n of_o obtain_v supply_n which_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o give_v and_o thereupon_o the_o parliament_n be_v prorogue_v till_o midsummer_n follow_v and_o the_o king_n grow_v more_o furious_a than_o before_o it_o be_v then_o dissolve_v in_o discontent_n but_o the_o parliament_n not_o supply_v he_o he_o be_v advise_v to_o supply_v his_o want_n with_o sale_n of_o his_o plate_n and_o jewel_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v tell_v that_o though_o they_o be_v sell_v yet_o they_o will_v revert_v again_o to_o he_o and_o have_v with_o great_a loss_n receive_v money_n for_o they_o he_o ask_v who_o have_v buy_v they_o answer_n be_v make_v the_o city_n of_o london_n that_o city_n say_v he_o be_v a_o inexhaustible_a gulf_n if_o octavius_n treasure_n be_v to_o besold_a they_o will_v sure_o buy_v it_o in_o his_o two_o and_o forty_o year_n another_o parliament_n be_v hold_v which_o by_o some_o be_v call_v insanum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la the_o mad_a parliament_n because_o at_o this_o parliament_n the_o lord_n come_v with_o great_a retinue_n of_o arm_a man_n and_o many_o thing_n be_v enact_v contrary_a to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n and_o now_o to_o vex_v the_o city_n the_o king_n command_v a_o fair_a to_o be_v keep_v at_o westminster_n forbid_v under_o great_a penalty_n all_o exercise_n of_o merchandise_n within_o london_n for_o fifteen_o day_n but_o this_o novelty_n come_v to_o nothing_o for_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o the_o place_n as_o it_o be_v then_o and_o the_o foulness_n of_o the_o wether_n bring_v more_o damage_n to_o the_o trader_n than_o benefit_n at_o christmas_n likewise_o he_o demand_v new-years-gift_n of_o the_o londoner_n and_o short_o after_o write_v unto_o they_o his_o letter_n imperious_o command_v they_o to_o aid_v he_o with_o money_n and_o thereby_o get_v twenty_o thousand_o pound_n of_o they_o for_o which_o the_o next_o year_n he_o crave_v pardon_n of_o they_o but_o notwithstanding_o his_o continual_a take_v up_o of_o all_o provision_n for_o his_o house_n without_o money_n yet_o he_o lessen_v his_o housekeep_n in_o no_o honourable_a manner_n now_o see_v he_o can_v get_v nothing_o of_o the_o state_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n he_o send_v or_o write_v to_o every_o nobleman_n in_o particular_a declare_v his_o poverty_n and_o how_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o charter_n in_o a_o debt_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o pound_n to_o those_o of_o bordeaux_n and_o gascoign_n who_o otherwise_o will_v not_o have_v suffer_v he_o to_o come_v back_o to_o england_n but_o fail_v of_o any_o relief_n from_o the_o temporal_a lord_n he_o address_v his_o letter_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o who_o he_o find_v as_o little_a relief_n yet_o by_o much_o importunity_n and_o his_o own_o presence_n he_o get_v a_o hundred_o pound_n of_o the_o abbot_n of_o ramsey_n but_o the_o abbot_n of_o burrough_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o deny_v he_o though_o the_o king_n tell_v he_o it_o be_v more_o charity_n to_o give_v money_n to_o he_o than_o to_o a_o beggar_n that_o go_v from_o door_n to_o door_n the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n be_v yet_o more_o kind_a and_o give_v he_o threescore_o mark_n to_o such_o lowness_n do_v do_v the_o profuseness_n of_o this_o indigent_a king_n bring_v he_o but_o now_o the_o lord_n assemble_v again_o at_o london_n and_o press_v he_o with_o his_o promise_n that_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n chancellor_z and_o treasurer_n shall_v be_v appoint_v by_o the_o general_n council_n of_o
crown_n be_v plead_v in_o the_o tower_n and_o divers_a time_n afterward_o in_o 1222_o the_o citizen_n have_v make_v a_o tumult_n against_o the_o abbot_n of_o westminster_n hubbert_n of_o burg_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n send_v for_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o alderman_n to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n to_o inquire_v who_o be_v principal_a author_n thereof_o among_o who_o one_o name_v constantine_n fitz_n aelufe_n bold_o avow_v that_o he_o be_v the_o man_n and_o have_v do_v much_o less_o than_o he_o think_v to_o have_v do_v whereupon_o the_o chief_a justice_n send_v he_o with_o two_o other_o to_o falks_n de_fw-fr brent_n who_o with_o arm_a man_n bring_v they_o to_o the_o gallow_n and_o hang_v they_o in_o 1244_o griffith_n prince_n of_o wales_n be_v a_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n attempt_v a_o escape_n and_o have_v in_o the_o night_n tie_v the_o sheet_n and_o hang_n together_o he_o endeavour_v thereby_o to_o slide_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a tower_n but_o be_v a_o fat_a man_n the_o weight_n of_o his_o body_n break_v the_o rope_n and_o he_o fall_v the_o next_o morning_n he_o be_v find_v dead_a his_o head_n and_o neck_n be_v drive_v into_o his_o breast_n between_o the_o shoulder_n in_o 1253_o k._n hen._n 3._o imprison_v the_o sheriff_n of_o london_n in_o the_o tower_n above_o a_o month_n about_o the_o escape_n of_o a_o prisoner_n out_o of_o newgate_n as_o be_v aforemention_v in_o 1260_o this_o king_n with_o his_o queen_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o baron_n lodge_v in_o the_o tower_n and_o the_o next_o year_n he_o send_v for_o his_o lord_n and_o hold_v his_o parliament_n there_o in_o 1263_o as_o the_o queen_n be_v go_v by_o water_n from_o the_o tower_n towards_o windsor_n several_a citizen_n get_v together_o upon_o london_n bridge_n under_o which_o she_o be_v to_o pass_v who_o not_o only_o use_v reproachful_a word_n against_o she_o but_o throw_v stone_n and_o dirt_n at_o she_o force_v she_o to_o go_v back_o again_o but_o in_o 1265._o they_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n for_o it_o and_o the_o lord_n mayor_n aldermen_z and_o sheriff_n be_v send_v to_o several_a prison_n othon_n constable_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v make_v custos_fw-la or_o keeper_n of_o the_o city_n about_o this_o time_n leoline_n prince_n of_o wales_n come_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n of_o snowdon_n to_o montgomery_n and_o be_v take_v at_o bluith_n castle_n where_o use_v reproachful_a word_n against_o the_o english_a roger_n le_fw-fr strange_n fall_v upon_o he_o and_o with_o his_o own_o sword_n cut_v off_o his_o head_n leave_v his_o dead_a body_n on_o the_o ground_n sir_n roger_n mortimer_n cause_v this_o head_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n crown_v with_o a_o wreath_n of_o ivy_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o leoline_n who_o be_v betray_v by_o the_o man_n of_o bluith_n and_o be_v the_o last_o prince_n of_o the_o british_a blood_n who_o rule_v in_o wales_n in_o 1290_o several_a judge_n as_o well_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o the_o assize_n be_v send_v prisoner_n to_o the_o tower_n and_o with_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n obtain_v their_o liberty_n sir_n thomas_n weyland_n have_v all_o his_o estate_n confiscate_v and_o himself_o banish_v sir_n ralph_n hengham_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n pay_v 7000_o mark_n sir_n john_n lovet_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o low_a bench_n 3000_o mark_n sir_n william_n brompton_n 6000_o mark_n yea_o their_o clerk_n be_v fine_v also_o as_o be_v confederate_a with_o their_o master_n in_o bribery_n and_o injustice_n robert_n littlebury_n clerk_n pay_v 1000_o mark_n and_o roger_n leicester_n as_o much_o but_o a_o certain_a clerk_n of_o the_o court_n call_v adam_n de_fw-fr straton_n pay_v thirty_o two_o thousand_o mark_n of_o old_a and_o new_a money_n beside_o jewel_n without_o number_n and_o precious_a vessel_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v find_v in_o his_o house_n together_o with_o a_o king_n crown_n whiâ—h_v some_o say_v be_v king_n john_n after_o this_o the_o king_n constrain_v the_o judge_n to_o swear_v that_o for_o the_o future_a they_o shall_v take_v no_o pension_n fee_n or_o gift_n of_o any_o man_n except_o a_o breakfast_n or_o some_o such_o small_a kindness_n in_o the_o 14_o of_o edw._n 2._o the_o king_n allow_v to_o the_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n two_o penny_n a_o day_n to_o a_o knight_n and_o a_o penny_n a_o day_n to_o a_o esquire_n for_o their_o diet._n in_o 1320._o the_o king_n justice_n sit_v in_o the_o tower_n for_o trial_n of_o divers_a matter_n at_o which_o time_n john_n gissor_n late_a lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n and_o several_a other_o flee_v to_o the_o city_n for_o fear_v of_o be_v charge_v with_o thing_n they_o have_v presumptuous_o do_v the_o next_o year_n the_o mortimer_n yield_v themselves_o to_o king_n edw._n 2._o he_o send_v they_o prisoner_n to_o the_o tower_n where_o they_o be_v condemn_v to_o be_v draw_v and_o hang_v but_o roger_n mortimer_n of_o wigmore_n by_o give_v his_o keeper_n sleepy_a drink_n make_v his_o escape_n but_o his_o uncle_n mortimer_n die_v there_o above_z 5_o year_n afterward_o in_o 1326._o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n take_v possession_n of_o the_o tower_n and_o take_v away_o the_o key_n from_o the_o constable_n they_o discharge_v all_o the_o prisoner_n and_o keep_v both_o the_o city_n and_o tower_n for_o the_o use_n of_o queen_n isabel_n and_o her_o son_n edward_n who_o be_v afterward_o edw._n the_o iii_o in_o 1330_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n be_v take_v and_o commit_v to_o the_o tower_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v draw_v to_o the_o elm_n and_o their_o hang_v on_o the_o common_a gallow_n where_o he_o hang_v two_o day_n and_o two_o night_n by_o the_o king_n command_n and_o be_v then_o bury_v in_o the_o grey_a friar_n church_n this_o earl_n be_v condemn_v by_o his_o peer_n and_o yet_o be_v never_o bring_v to_o make_v his_o defence_n before_o they_o he_o himself_o have_v procure_v a_o law_n to_o that_o purpose_n by_o which_o the_o earl_n of_o lancaster_n winchester_n gloucester_n and_o kent_n be_v put_v to_o death_n and_o now_o he_o himself_o suffer_v by_o the_o same_o law_n in_o the_o 3._o of_o edw._n 3._o 1344._o the_o king_n command_v florence_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v coin_a in_o the_o tower_n perceval_n the_o port_n of_o lake_n be_v then_o master_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o coin_v we_o read_v of_o there_o we_o read_v likewise_o that_o the_o same_o year_n the_o king_n appoint_v his_o exchange_n of_o money_n to_o be_v keep_v in_o sernes_n tower_n be_v part_n of_o the_o king_n house_n in_o buckles_n or_o buckler_n bury_v and_o we_o find_v that_o in_o former_a time_n all_o great_a sum_n be_v pay_v by_o weight_n that_o be_v so_o many_o pound_n or_o mark_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n cut_v into_o blank_a piece_n without_o any_o stamp_n upon_o they_o and_o small_a sum_n be_v pay_v in_o starling_n which_o be_v penny_n so_o call_v for_o they_o have_v no_o other_o money_n this_o starling_n or_o easterling_n money_n take_v its_o name_n as_o it_o be_v judge_v from_o the_o easterling_n which_o first_o make_v it_o in_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 2._o though_o other_o imagine_v it_o so_o call_v from_o a_o star_n stamp_v in_o the_o ring_n or_o edge_n of_o the_o penny_n or_o of_o a_o bird_n call_v a_o starling_n stamp_v on_o it_o other_o yet_o more_o unlikely_a of_o be_v coin_a at_o strivel_a or_o sterling_a a_o town_n in_o scotland_n but_o the_o first_o opinion_n seem_v the_o most_o probable_a in_o 1360._o a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v between_o england_n and_o france_n edward_n the_o 3d._n come_v back_o into_o england_n and_o go_v to_o the_o tower_n to_o visit_v the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v prisoner_n there_o set_v his_o ransom_n at_o three_o million_o of_o florence_n which_o be_v pay_v he_o be_v discharge_v from_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o the_o king_n conduct_v he_o with_o honour_n to_o the_o seaside_n in_o the_o four_o of_o rich._n 2._o 1381._o a_o grievous_a tax_n be_v lay_v upon_o the_o subject_n which_o cause_v much_o trouble_n for_o the_o courtier_n greedy_a to_o enrich_v themselves_o inform_v the_o king_n that_o the_o tax_n be_v not_o so_o careful_o gather_v as_o it_o ought_v and_o therefore_o they_o will_v pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o farm_n it_o which_o they_o will_v raise_v above_o what_o it_o be_v before_o by_o be_v more_o severe_a in_o gather_v it_o this_o proposition_n be_v soon_o accept_v so_o that_o have_v the_o king_n authority_n and_o letter_n these_o farmer_n or_o commissioner_n meet_v in_o several_a place_n in_o kent_n and_o essex_n where_o they_o levy_v this_o tax_n of_o groat_n or_o polemoney_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o severity_n which_o so_o discontent_v the_o
in_o this_o manner_n not_o only_o our_o street_n but_o our_o shop_n and_o house_n shall_v never_o be_v free_a from_o violence_n and_o wrong_v this_o we_o neither_o will_v nor_o can_v endure_v for_o it_o do_v not_o become_v we_o and_o hereupon_o they_o approach_v the_o gate_n with_o great_a fury_n but_o the_o lord_n mayor_n and_o sheriff_n have_v notice_n hereof_o come_v to_o they_o and_o tell_v they_o that_o this_o â—as_v not_o courage_n but_o outrage_n which_o they_o show_v whereby_o they_o will_v procure_v both_o danger_n to_o themselves_o and_o displeasure_n against_o the_o whole_a city_n and_o that_o though_o wrong_a have_v be_v do_v yet_o they_o be_v not_o the_o person_n neither_o be_v this_o the_o way_n to_o redress_v the_o same_o thus_o partly_o by_o persuasion_n and_o partly_o by_o their_o presence_n and_o authority_n they_o suppress_v the_o riot_n and_o send_v every_o man_n home_o with_o strict_a charge_n to_o keep_v the_o peace_n hitherto_o there_o be_v no_o great_a mischief_n do_v and_o the_o quarrel_n may_v have_v be_v end_v without_o any_o further_a trouble_n have_v not_o the_o bishop_n stir_v in_o it_o and_o kindle_v the_o coal_n of_o contention_n afresh_o for_o the_o londoner_n be_v at_o that_o time_n not_o only_o secret_o suspect_v but_o open_o note_v to_o be_v favourer_n and_o follower_n of_o wickliffs_n opinion_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o pope_n and_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n the_o bishop_n be_v malicious_a against_o they_o and_o most_o of_o their_o action_n be_v interpret_v to_o proceed_v from_o other_o cause_n and_o to_o tend_v to_o worse_a purpose_n than_o they_o outward_o seem_v to_o bear_v yea_o many_o accidental_a matter_n be_v charge_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v do_v out_o of_o design_n and_o on_o purpose_n whereupon_o john_n waltham_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n and_z lord_z treasurer_n of_o england_n make_v a_o grievous_a complaint_n against_o they_o for_o this_o last_o attempt_n to_o thomas_n arundel_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_z lord_z chancellor_n allege_v that_o if_o upon_o every_o slight_a pretence_n the_o citizen_n shall_v be_v suffer_v in_o this_o manner_n to_o affront_v the_o bishop_n without_o reproof_n or_o punishment_n they_o will_v endanger_v not_o only_o the_o dignity_n and_o state_n but_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n also_o for_o say_v he_o do_v they_o not_o late_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o punishment_n of_o adultery_n and_o other_o crime_n appertain_v to_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n malicious_o allege_v that_o either_o the_o bishop_n and_o their_o officer_n be_v infamous_a for_o those_o vice_n themselves_o and_o do_v therefore_o connive_v at_o the_o same_o in_o other_o or_o else_o by_o covetous_a commutation_n and_o take_n of_o money_n do_v rather_o set_v those_o sin_n to_o sale_n than_o endeavour_v careful_o to_o suppress_v they_o do_v they_o not_o say_v he_o rude_o and_o irreverent_o break_v open_a the_o door_n upon_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o interrupt_v his_o proceed_n against_o john_n aston_n a_o open_a disciple_n of_o wickliff_n and_o do_v we_o imagine_v that_o this_o be_v the_o last_o indignity_n they_o will_v offer_v no_o certain_o nor_o yet_o the_o least_o for_o if_o this_o boldness_n and_o insolence_n be_v not_o suppress_v our_o authority_n will_v soon_o fall_v into_o contempt_n and_o scorn_n and_o will_v be_v make_v a_o common_a football_n for_o every_o base_a and_o unworthy_a citizen_n to_o kick_v at_o arm_a with_o these_o furious_a argument_n they_o go_v together_o to_o king_n richard_n and_o so_o incense_v he_o against_o the_o londoner_n his_o mind_n be_v before_o prepare_v by_o former_a provocation_n that_o he_o be_v once_o resolve_v to_o have_v utter_o ruin_v and_o destroy_v the_o whole_a city_n but_o be_v persuade_v to_o use_v more_o moderation_n he_o in_o revenge_n first_o cause_v the_o lord_n maior_n sheriff_n and_o many_o of_o the_o principal_a citizen_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o several_a prison_n the_o lord_n mayor_n to_o windsor_n castle_n and_o other_o to_o other_o place_n and_o then_o seize_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n into_o his_o hand_n declare_v that_o no_o lord_n mayor_n shall_v for_o the_o future_a be_v elect_v any_o more_o but_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v at_o his_o pleasure_n appoint_v a_o warden_n or_o governor_n over_o the_o city_n and_o this_o office_n be_v first_o commit_v to_o sir_n edward_n darlington_n who_o for_o his_o kindness_n towards_o the_o city_n be_v soon_o remove_v and_o sir_n baldwin_n radington_n put_v in_o his_o place_n the_o king_n be_v likewise_o persuade_v by_o arundel_n archbishop_n of_o york_n to_o remove_v the_o term_n and_o court_n that_o be_v the_o chancery_n exchequer_n king_n bench_n the_o hamper_n office_n and_o the_o common-plea_n from_o london_n to_o york_n where_o they_o continue_v from_o midsummer_n 1393._o till_o christmas_n next_o follow_v to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o loss_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n but_o at_o last_o upon_o the_o earnest_a entreaty_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o gloucester_n his_o uncle_n the_o king_n send_v for_o the_o londoner_n before_o he_o to_o windsor_n where_o have_v first_o terrify_v they_o with_o the_o sight_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o privilege_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o city_n both_o old_a and_o new_a to_o be_v produce_v some_o of_o which_o he_o restore_v to_o they_o and_o detain_v other_o yet_o be_v not_o the_o citizen_n receive_v full_o into_o favour_n neither_o do_v they_o recover_v the_o person_n or_o dignity_n of_o their_o lord_n mayor_n at_o that_o time_n short_o after_o the_o king_n go_v to_o london_n at_o who_o come_v the_o citizen_n turn_v all_o their_o grief_n into_o joy_n the_o vulgar_a be_v without_o measure_n in_o both_o entertain_v he_o with_o such_o joyful_a triumph_n and_o rich_a present_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o day_n of_o his_o coronation_n think_v by_o all_o these_o costly_a preparation_n to_o have_v pacify_v all_o former_a anger_n and_o displeasure_n against_o they_o but_o they_o find_v themselves_o much_o deceive_v there_o be_v no_o reconciliation_n to_o be_v make_v without_o money_n for_o they_o be_v not_o absolute_o restore_v to_o their_o liberty_n till_o they_o have_v pay_v ten_o thousand_o pound_n to_o the_o king_n as_o a_o fine_a thus_o do_v the_o londoner_n show_v a_o strange_a diversity_n of_o disposition_n in_o rash_o commit_v a_o offence_n and_o patient_o endure_v punishment_n yet_o upon_o this_o account_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o first_o occasion_n be_v offer_v against_o king_n richard_n they_o show_v themselves_o either_o his_o earnest_a enemy_n or_o faint_a friend_n as_o by_o the_o sequel_n appear_v in_o 1387._o king_n richard_n ii_o hold_v his_o feast_n of_o christmas_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1399_o the_o same_o king_n be_v send_v prisoner_n to_o the_o tower_n which_o be_v a_o very_a remarkable_a transaction_n it_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o give_v a_o brief_a account_n thereof_o richard_z the_o ii_o be_v the_o only_a son_n of_o a_o renown_a father_n edward_n surname_v the_o black_a prince_n who_o die_v before_o his_o father_n edward_z iii_o and_o thereupon_o richard_n be_v by_o his_o grandfather_n in_o his_o life-time_n declare_v to_o be_v his_o heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n and_o according_o after_o his_o death_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o england_n at_o westminster_n july_n 16._o 1377._o but_o be_v of_o tender_a age_n only_o eleven_o year_n old_a several_a person_n be_v commission_v to_o be_v his_o protector_n or_o guardian_n and_o soon_o after_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v at_o westminster_n wherein_o alice_n peirce_n the_o late_a king_n concubine_n be_v banish_v and_o all_o her_o good_n confiscate_v and_o two_o ten_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o two_o fifteenth_n of_o the_o temporality_n be_v grant_v but_o so_o as_o that_o two_o citizen_n of_o london_n william_n walworth_n and_o john_n philpot_n shall_v receive_v and_o keep_v it_o to_o see_v it_o bestow_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n at_o which_o time_n sir_n hugh_n calverly_n deputy_n of_o calais_n burn_v 26_o french_a ship_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o boulogne_n but_o one_o mercer_n a_o scottish_a pirate_n come_v to_o scarborough_n and_o take_v divers_a ship_n commit_v likewise_o many_o outrage_n and_o no_o order_n be_v take_v to_o repel_v they_o john_n philpot_n set_v out_o a_o fleet_n at_o his_o own_o charge_n and_o encounter_v he_o in_o his_o own_o person_n take_v mercer_n and_o all_o his_o ship_n and_o return_v home_o instead_o of_o be_v reward_v for_o his_o service_n he_o be_v question_v for_o presume_v to_o fit_v out_o a_o navy_n without_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n council_n while_o the_o king_n be_v in_o his_o minority_n matter_n be_v carry_v indifferent_a well_o but_o in_o the_o year_n 1387_o king_n richard_n begin_v to_o enter_v as_o we_o
john_n take_v notice_n of_o this_o but_o since_o it_o will_v serve_v his_o present_a purpose_n he_o let_v it_o pass_v know_v that_o his_o turn_n once_o serve_v he_o can_v afterward_o carve_v out_o what_o title_n he_o please_v and_o so_o upon_o ascension_n day_n 1199._o he_o be_v crown_v king_n at_o westminster_n but_o constantia_n the_o mother_n of_o arthur_n apply_v herself_o to_o lewis_n the_o french_a king_n on_o behalf_n of_o her_o son_n who_o promise_v his_o assistance_n but_o yet_o afterward_o a_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o king_n john_n and_o lewis_n after_o which_o king_n john_n be_v at_o leisure_n give_v himself_o whole_o up_o to_o pleasure_n and_o commit_v many_o extravagancy_n which_o so_o far_o disoblige_v some_o of_o his_o lord_n that_o they_o join_v with_o the_o french_a king_n to_o assist_v prince_n arthur_n but_o king_n john_n come_v upon_o they_o unaware_o rout_v their_o force_n and_o take_v arthur_n prisoner_n who_o die_v soon_o after_o the_o death_n of_o who_o and_o also_o of_o geoffry_n fitz-peter_n who_o while_o the_o king_n live_v keep_v he_o in_o some_o awe_n leave_v the_o king_n at_o full_a liberty_n to_o his_o own_o wild_a desire_n for_o at_o the_o first_o hear_v of_o geoffries_n death_n he_o swear_v by_o the_o foot_n of_o god_n that_o now_o at_o length_n he_o be_v king_n of_o england_n and_o with_o great_a rejoice_v say_v to_o some_o lord_n about_o he_o now_o when_o this_o man_n come_v into_o hell_n let_v he_o salute_v the_o archbishop_n hubert_n who_o certain_o he_o shall_v find_v there_o after_o this_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v often_o require_v their_o ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n and_o find_v nothing_o but_o delusion_n they_o will_v no_o long_o endure_v to_o be_v abuse_v but_o meet_v together_o they_o consider_v of_o some_o remedy_n and_o conclude_v to_o go_v to_o the_o king_n themselves_o in_o person_n and_o make_v their_o demand_n produce_v likewise_o a_o charter_n which_o have_v be_v grant_v in_o henry_n the_o first_o be_v time_o whereupon_o come_v to_o the_o king_n after_o christmas_n lie_v then_o in_o the_o new_a temple_n in_o london_n and_o acquaint_v he_o with_o their_o demand_n he_o answer_v that_o within_o a_o few_o day_n he_o will_v give_v they_o satisfaction_n and_o cause_v the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o ely_n and_o william_n maâ—sha_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n to_o pass_v their_o word_n for_o he_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v perform_v but_o the_o king_n never_o intend_v to_o do_v as_o he_o say_v fall_v present_o to_o raise_v soldier_n which_o the_o lord_n understanding_n they_o all_o do_v the_o like_a and_o go_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n they_o deliver_v he_o a_o copy_n of_o their_o demand_n and_o require_v the_o king_n answer_v who_o show_v it_o to_o the_o king_n with_o a_o message_n of_o their_o resolution_n that_o if_o he_o do_v not_o present_o seal_v the_o charter_n then_o deliver_v to_o he_o they_o will_v compel_v he_o thereto_o with_o forcible_a entrance_n into_o all_o his_o possession_n the_o king_n be_v high_o offend_v ask_v why_o they_o do_v not_o also_o require_v his_o kingdom_n these_o their_o demand_n be_v ground_v on_o no_o colour_n of_o reason_n and_o then_o swear_v a_o great_a oath_n that_o be_v will_v die_v before_o he_o will_v enslave_v himself_o to_o they_o by_o such_o concession_n the_o lord_n by_o this_o answer_n know_v what_o they_o must_v trust_v to_o appoint_v robert_n fitzwater_n to_o be_v their_o general_n who_o they_o style_v the_o marshal_n of_o god_n army_n and_o holy_a church_n then_o they_o besiege_v northampton_n and_o bedford_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o last_o be_v a_o confederate_a deliver_v it_o up_o to_o they_o but_o the_o londoner_n displease_v with_o the_o king_n for_o burdened_a they_o with_o tax_n not_o only_o admit_v they_o but_o invite_v they_o to_o enter_v the_o city_n by_o night_n the_o lord_n have_v now_o this_o key_n of_o the_o land_n at_o their_o dispose_n send_v such_o threaten_a letter_n and_o message_n abroad_o that_o they_o draw_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n from_o the_o king_n who_o be_v at_o windsor_n provide_v a_o army_n and_o have_v notice_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o londoner_n be_v join_v with_o they_o he_o think_v good_a to_o proceed_v rather_o by_o fraud_n than_o force_n and_o thereupon_o send_v to_o the_o lord_n that_o if_o they_o will_v come_v to_o he_o to_o windsor_n he_o will_v grant_v their_o demand_n the_o lord_n come_v thither_o but_o in_o a_o military_a manner_n for_o they_o dare_v not_o trust_v his_o word_n the_o king_n salute_v they_o all_o kindly_a and_o promise_v to_o give_v they_o satisfaction_n in_o all_o they_o demand_v and_o so_o in_o a_o meadow_n between_o windsor_n and_o stanes_n call_v run_v mead_n and_o afterward_o council_n mead_n he_o free_o consent_v to_o confirm_v their_o former_a liberty_n contain_v in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o charta_fw-la forestae_fw-la and_o likewise_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v twenty_o five_o peer_n elect_v who_o shall_v have_v a_o sway_n in_o the_o government_n and_o who_o command_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o baron_n be_v bind_v by_o oath_n to_o obey_v and_o he_o be_v content_v some_o grave_a personage_n shall_v be_v choose_v to_o see_v it_o perform_v but_o the_o next_o day_n when_o it_o shall_v be_v do_v the_o king_n go_v private_o the_o night_n before_o to_o southampton_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n where_o advise_v with_o his_o council_n it_o be_v conclude_v he_o shall_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n to_o acquaint_v he_o with_o this_o mutiny_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o require_v his_o help_n while_o the_o king_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n live_v skulk_a up_o and_o down_o in_o corner_n that_o no_o man_n may_v know_v where_o to_o find_v he_o or_o which_o be_v worse_o as_o some_o write_v rove_a about_o and_o practise_v piracy_n and_o now_o the_o lord_n begin_v to_o suspect_v fraud_n when_o short_o after_o the_o king_n messenger_n who_o be_v walter_n and_o john_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n and_o norwich_n return_v with_o the_o pope_n decree_n whereby_o the_o baron_n charter_n be_v by_o definitive_a sentence_n cancel_v and_o make_v void_a and_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n accurse_v if_o either_o of_o they_o observe_v the_o composition_n this_o decree_n the_o king_n after_o he_o have_v stay_v three_o month_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n come_v back_o to_o windsor_n acquaint_v the_o lord_n with_o but_o they_o accuse_v the_o messenger_n for_o false_o inform_v the_o pope_n and_o the_o pope_n also_o for_o make_v a_o decree_n without_o hear_v of_o both_o side_n betake_v themselves_o to_o arm_n and_o swear_v by_o the_o holy_a altar_n to_o be_v revenge_v for_o this_o injurious_a deal_n the_o ting_n find_v the_o lord_n nothing_o move_v upon_o the_o pope_n decree_n send_v again_o to_o he_o to_o acquaint_v he_o with_o it_o who_o be_v mighty_o incense_v to_o have_v his_o decree_n so_o slight_v adjudge_v the_o lord_n to_o be_v enemy_n of_o religion_n and_o give_v power_n to_o peter_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o the_o abbot_n 〈◊〉_d râ—dding_n to_o excommunicate_v they_o whereby_o a_o 〈…〉_o a_o child_n in_o england_n k._n willi_n rufus_n kill_v in_o hunt_v 〈…〉_o k_o to_o wind_z 〈…〉_o they_o ac_fw-la 〈…〉_o the_o pope_n 〈…〉_o without_o 〈…〉_o to_o arm_n 〈…〉_o for_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o move_v up_o 〈…〉_o to_o ac_fw-la 〈…〉_o incense_a 〈…〉_o the_o 〈…〉_o power_n 〈…〉_o abbot_n oâ—_n 〈…〉_o hereby_o alâ—_n 〈…〉_o with_o the_o city_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈…〉_o still_o stand_v on_o these_o 〈…〉_o london_n scorn_v and_o defy_v the_o pope_n 〈…〉_o and_o decree_v that_o neither_o themselves_o 〈…〉_o londoner_n shall_v observe_v they_o nor_o the_o 〈…〉_o darenot_v to_o denounce_v they_o allege_v that_o it_o 〈…〉_o to_o the_o pope_n to_o deal_v in_o temporal_a affair_n 〈…〉_o peter_n receive_v power_n of_o our_o saviour_n only_o in_o 〈…〉_o matter_n and_o why_o shall_v the_o roman_a 〈…〉_o coverousness_n extend_v itself_o hither_o to_o we_o 〈…〉_o have_v bishop_n to_o do_v to_o intermedale_n in_o war_n 〈◊〉_d be_v constantine_n successor_n not_o st._n peter_n â—â—om_o as_o they_o represent_v not_o in_o good_a action_n so_o neither_o do_v they_o in_o authority_n fie_o upon_o such_o mercenary_a rascal_n who_o have_v little_a knowledge_n of_o ingenuity_n or_o art_n be_v 〈◊〉_d wretched_a usurer_n and_o simoniac_n that_o they_o will_v dare_v by_o their_o excommunication_n to_o domineer_v 〈◊〉_d the_o world_n o_o how_o unlike_a they_o be_v to_o st._n peter_n 〈◊〉_d have_v usurp_v st._n peter_n chair_n with_o these_o remonstrance_n the_o lord_n go_v on_o â—olvedly_o in_o their_o course_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n king_n 〈◊〉_d with_o the_o assistance_n of_o some_o force_n which_o 〈◊〉_d have_v hire_v beyond_o sea_n have_v within_o half_a a_o year_n 〈◊〉_d all_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o baron_n into_o
be_v furnish_v former_o with_o tower_n and_o bulwark_n in_o due_a distance_n from_o each_o other_o and_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n with_o its_o ebb_a and_o flow_v have_v overthrow_v the_o wall_n and_o tower_n on_o the_o bank_n thereof_o whereupon_o william_n the_o conqueror_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o city_n which_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v down_o the_o second_o bulwark_n in_o the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o wall_n towards_o the_o thames_n build_v the_o great_a white_a tower_n which_o have_v be_v since_o enlarge_v at_o several_a time_n with_o building_n adjoin_v thereto_o this_o tower_n in_o the_o four_o of_o william_n rufus_n 1092._o be_v much_o shake_v and_o deface_v by_o a_o great_a tempest_n of_o wind_n but_o be_v again_o repair_v by_o william_n rufus_n and_o henry_n the_o first_o who_o likewise_o build_v a_o castle_n on_o the_o southside_n thereof_o towards_o the_o thames_n entrench_v the_o same_o round_o about_o historian_n say_v of_o this_o william_n rufus_n that_o he_o challenge_v the_o investiture_n of_o prelate_n he_o pill_v and_o share_v the_o people_n with_o tribute_n especial_o to_o spend_v about_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o the_o great_a hall_n at_o westminster_n the_o four_o first_o constable_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v othowerus_fw-la acolinillus_fw-la otto_n and_o jeffry_n magnaville_n earl_n of_o essex_n who_o be_v also_o sheriff_n of_o london_n middlesex_n essex_n and_o hertfordshire_n he_o fortify_v the_o tower_n of_o london_n against_o k._n stephen_n but_o the_o king_n seize_v he_o at_o his_o court_n at_o st._n alban_n will_v not_o discharge_v he_o till_o he_o have_v deliver_v it_o up_o together_o with_o the_o castle_n of_o walden_n and_o plashey_n in_o essex_n in_o 1153_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o castle_n of_o windsor_n be_v deliver_v by_o the_o king_n to_o richard_n de_fw-fr lucy_n to_o be_v safe_o keep_v in_o 1155_o thomas_n becket_n chancellor_n to_o hen._n 2._o cause_v the_o fleming_n to_o be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n their_o castle_n late_o build_v to_o be_v demolish_v and_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n to_o be_v repair_v in_o the_o 2._o of_o rich._n first_o 1190._o william_n longshamp_n bishop_n of_o ely_n lord_z chancellor_z by_o reason_n of_o some_o difference_n between_o he_o and_z earl_n john_n the_o king_n brother_n who_o be_v in_o rebellion_n enclose_v the_o tower_n and_o castle_n of_o london_n with_o a_o outward_a wall_n of_o stone_n embatail_v and_o likewise_o cause_v a_o deep_a ditch_n to_o be_v make_v about_o the_o same_o design_v as_o be_v aforemention_v to_o have_v environ_v it_o with_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n this_o enclosure_n and_o ditch_n take_v away_o some_o ground_n from_o trinity_n church_n in_o london_n which_o king_n edward_n recompense_v and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n likewise_o be_v take_v from_o the_o city_n upon_o this_o account_n yet_o the_o citizen_n have_v no_o recompense_n nor_o be_v offend_v thereat_o since_o it_o be_v do_v with_o their_o like_n as_o be_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o city_n but_o another_o historian_n say_v that_o in_o 1239_o hen._n 3._o fortify_v the_o tower_n of_o london_n to_o another_o purpose_n and_o the_o citizen_n fear_v it_o be_v intend_v to_o their_o detriment_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n who_o answer_v that_o he_o have_v not_o do_v it_o to_o their_o hurt_n but_o say_v he_o i_o will_v do_v from_o henceforth_o as_o my_o brother_n do_v in_o building_n and_o fortify_v castle_n who_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o be_v wise_a than_o i_o but_o the_o next_o year_n all_o these_o noble_a building_n of_o the_o stone_n gate_n and_o bulwark_n be_v shake_v as_o with_o a_o earthquake_n and_o fall_v down_o which_o the_o king_n command_v to_o be_v again_o build_v better_a than_o before_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1241._o though_o the_o king_n have_v bestow_v above_o 12000_o mark_n in_o the_o work_n yet_o the_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n irrecoverable_o fall_v down_o at_o which_o the_o citizen_n be_v very_o well_o please_v for_o they_o be_v threaten_v that_o when_o this_o wall_n and_o bulwark_n be_v build_v if_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v contend_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n they_o shall_v be_v imprison_v therein_o yet_o be_v they_o again_o rebuilt_a and_o finish_v by_o edward_n the_o 1._o and_o the_o bulwark_n at_o the_o west-gate_n now_o call_v the_o lion_n tower_n add_v the_o original_a of_o which_o name_n and_o of_o lion_n in_o england_n we_o read_v be_v thus_o henry_n the_o 1._o build_v the_o manor_n of_o woodflock_n and_o wall_v the_o park_n about_o with_o stone_n seven_o mile_n in_o compass_n destroy_v to_o that_o purpose_n divers_a village_n church_n and_o chapel_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o park_n in_o england_n and_o as_o the_o record_n say_v he_o appoint_v therein_o beside_o great_a store_n of_o deer_n divers_a strange_a beast_n to_o be_v keep_v and_o nourish_v such_o as_o be_v bring_v to_o he_o from_o far_a country_n as_o lion_n leopard_n lynx_n porpentine_n and_o such_o other_o for_o such_o be_v his_o estimation_n among_o outlandish_a prince_n that_o few_o will_v willing_o offend_v he_o in_o the_o year_n 1235_o we_o read_v that_o frederick_n the_o emperor_n send_v henry_n 3._o three_o leopard_n in_o token_n of_o his_o regal_a shield_n of_o arm_n wherein_o they_o be_v picture_v since_o which_o time_n the_o lion_n and_o other_o creature_n have_v be_v keep_v in_o a_o part_n of_o this_o bulwark_n now_o call_v the_o lion_n tower_n in_o the_o 16_o of_o edward_n 3_o one_o lion_n one_o lyonef_n one_o leopard_n and_o two_o cat_n lion_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o robert_n bower_n edw._n 4._o fortify_v the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o enclose_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n west_n from_o the_o lion_n tower_n upon_o tower-bill_n with_o brick_n now_o call_v the_o bulwark_n and_o in_o the_o 6_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o order_v a_o scaffold_n and_o gallow_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o hill_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o offender_n upon_o which_o the_o l._n mayor_n and_o alderman_n complain_v to_o the_o king_n but_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o do_v in_o derogation_n of_o the_o city_n liberty_n and_o cause_v proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v thereof_o according_o richard_z the_o 3._o and_o henry_n the_o 8._o repair_v this_o tower_n but_o in_o the_o 2._o of_o edward_z 6_o 1548._o nou._n 22._o a_o frenchman_n lodging_n in_o the_o round_a bulwark_n between_o the_o westgate_n and_o the_o postern_n by_o set_v fire_n to_o a_o barrel_n of_o gunpowder_n in_o the_o night_n blow_v up_o that_o bulwark_n yet_o burn_v none_o but_o himself_o this_o bulwark_n be_v soon_o rebuilt_a again_o this_o west_n gate_n of_o the_o tower_n be_v the_o principal_a gate_n for_o receive_v and_o deliver_v all_o manner_n of_o carriage_n and_o without_o it_o there_o be_v divers_a bulwark_n and_o gate_n turn_v to_o the_o north_n within_o this_o gate_n to_o the_o south_n be_v a_o strong_a postern_n for_o passenger_n by_o the_o ward-house_n over_o a_o drawbridge_n which_o be_v let_v down_o and_o pull_v up_o at_o pleasure_n next_o to_o this_o on_o the_o south_n side_n eastward_o be_v a_o large_a water-gate_n common_o call_v traitor_n gate_n because_o some_o have_v be_v carry_v in_o that_o way_n this_o gate_n be_v partly_o under_o a_o strong_a stone_n bridge_n from_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n beyond_o which_o be_v a_o small_a postern_n with_o a_o drawbridge_n seldom_o let_v down_o but_o for_o receive_v in_o some_o great_a person_n prisoner_n further_n to_o the_o east_n be_v a_o great_a and_o strong_a gate_n call_v the_o iron_n gate_n but_o not_o usual_o open_v and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o foundation_n building_n and_o repair_v of_o the_o tower_n with_o the_o gate_n and_o postern_n there_o be_v many_o fair_a house_n within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o tower_n wherein_o the_o officer_n belong_v thereto_o and_o other_o inhabitant_n live_v there_o be_v also_o a_o chapel_n in_o the_o year_n 1196_o william_n fitz_n ozbet_n a_o citizen_n seditious_o move_v the_o people_n to_o stand_v up_o for_o their_o liberty_n and_o not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o rich_a and_o mighty_a be_v take_v and_o bring_v before_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o tower_n where_o he_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o be_v draw_v thence_o by_o the_o heel_n to_o the_o elm_n in_o east-smithfield_n he_o be_v there_o hang_v in_o 1214._o king_n john_n write_v to_o jeffery_n magnaville_n to_o deliver_v the_o tower_n of_o london_n with_o the_o prisoner_n armour_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n find_v therein_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n to_z william_n archdeacon_n of_o huntingdon_n in_o the_o first_o of_o henry_n 3._o 1216._o the_o tower_n be_v deliver_v to_o lewes_n of_o franse_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n in_o 1206_o plea_n of_o the_o