as_o animal_n plant_n and_o the_o universal_a furniture_n of_o the_o world_n second_o her_o extravagancy_n and_o defect_n occasion_v either_o by_o the_o exuberancy_n of_o matter_n or_o obstinacy_n of_o impediment_n as_o in_o monster_n and_o then_o last_o as_o she_o be_v restrain_v force_a fashion_a or_o determine_v by_o artificial_a operation_n all_o which_o without_o absurdity_n may_v fall_v under_o the_o general_a notation_n of_o a_o natural_a history_n thing_n of_o art_n as_o the_o lord_n bacon_n 2._o bacon_n de_fw-fr augm_n scient_a lib._n 2._o cap._n 2._o well_o observe_v not_o differ_v from_o those_o of_o nature_n in_o form_n and_o essence_n but_o in_o the_o efficient_a only_o man_n have_v no_o power_n over_o nature_n but_o in_o her_o matter_n and_o motion_n i._n e._n to_o put_v together_o separate_z or_o fashion_n natural_a body_n and_o sometime_o to_o alter_v their_o ordinary_a course_n 3._o yet_o neither_o shall_v i_o so_o strict_o tie_v myself_o up_o to_o this_o method_n 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to_o forbear_v i_o shall_v therefore_o add_v no_o more_o concern_v these_o thing_n but_o that_o though_o most_o common_o the_o parhelia_n with_o the_o true_a sun_n appear_v but_o three_o in_o number_n yet_o that_o sometime_o more_o have_v be_v see_v as_o four_o 13._o four_o philos_fw-la trans_fw-la numb_a 13._o in_o france_n anno_fw-la 1666._o five_o 10._o five_o des_fw-mi cartes_n meteor_n cap._n 10._o at_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1629._o five_o iii_o five_o matthew_n paris_n 17_o henr._n iii_o in_o england_n anno_fw-la 1233._o and_o six_o 2._o six_o des_fw-mi cartes_n meteor_n cap._n 10._o &_o fromond_n meteor_n lib._n 6._o art_n 2._o anno_fw-la 1525._o by_o sigismond_n the_o first_o king_n of_o poland_n which_o be_v the_o most_o that_o we_o read_v be_v ever_o see_v at_o a_o time_n though_o des_n cartes_n endeavour_v to_o show_v it_o be_v possible_a there_o may_v be_v seven_o 7._o and_o indeed_o this_o have_v be_v all_o i_o think_v i_o shall_v have_v mention_v concern_v the_o heaven_n 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caesaris_fw-la commentarior_fw-la de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallieo_fw-la lib._n 5._o it_o be_v much_o large_a than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o have_v deep_a hole_n within_o i_o suppose_v to_o preserve_v water_n the_o small_a fortification_n under_o cornbury_n park-wall_n and_o the_o large_a one_o call_v beaumond_n near_o mixbury-church_n encompass_v with_o a_o ditch_n 170_o pace_n one_o way_n and_o 128_o the_o other_o i_o can_v give_v no_o account_n of_o they_o but_o that_o in_o general_a it_o be_v like_a they_o be_v work_n of_o the_o saxon_n these_o be_v all_o square_a though_o the_o last_o by_o its_o name_n shall_v indeed_o be_v norman_n 80._o and_o so_o again_o for_o the_o fortification_n common_o call_v roundcastle_n west_n of_o begbrook_n church_n but_o in_o the_o parish_n of_o bladen_n and_o lineham_n barrow_n between_o which_o and_o pudlycot_n a_o seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o lacy_n there_o be_v a_o passage_n under_o ground_n down_o to_o the_o river_n i_o can_v say_v little_a of_o they_o but_o that_o in_o general_a it_o be_v most_o probable_a they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o dane_n they_o be_v both_o round_a but_o upon_o what_o particular_a occasion_n i_o can_v no_o where_n find_v 81._o beside_o the_o circle_n of_o earth_n cast_v up_o by_o the_o dane_n there_o be_v other_o of_o stone_n in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o particular_o one_o here_o in_o the_o very_a bound_n of_o oxford-shire_n near_o chippingnorton_a in_o the_o parish_n of_o little_a rollwright_n the_o stone_n be_v place_v in_o manner_n and_o form_n and_o now_o remain_v as_o exact_o engrave_v tab._n 16._o fig._n 2222_o in_o a_o round_a of_o betwixt_o 30_o and_o 40_o pace_n over_o the_o tall_a of_o they_o all_o which_o may_v be_v a_o scale_n for_o the_o rest_n be_v about_o seven_o foot_n high_a north_n of_o these_o about_o a_o bolts-shoot_a off_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o hedge_n in_o the_o county_n of_o warwick_n stand_v one_o single_o alone_a upward_o of_o nine_o foot_n high_a in_o form_n as_o describe_v fig._n 1._o and_o eastward_o five_o other_o as_o in_o fig._n 3._o about_o two_o furlong_n off_o the_o high_a of_o they_o all_o about_o nine_o foot_n also_o meet_v former_o at_o the_o top_n as_o draw_v by_o mr._n camden_n with_o their_o taper_a end_n almost_o in_o shape_n of_o a_o wedge_n since_o who_o time_n there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o fall_v down_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o which_o ancient_a monument_n or_o what_o ever_o else_o it_o be_v he_o give_v we_o in_o brief_a this_o follow_a account_n oxfordsh_fw-mi account_n britannia_fw-la in_fw-la oxfordsh_fw-mi 82._o not_o far_o from_o burford_n he_o shall_v have_v say_v chippingnorton_a for_o burford_n can_v be_v less_o than_o 7_o or_o 8_o mile_n from_o it_o upon_o the_o very_a border_n of_o oxford-shire_n be_v a_o ancient_a monument_n to_o wit_n certain_a huge_a stone_n place_v in_o a_o circle_n the_o common_a people_n call_v they_o rollrich-stone_n and_o dream_v they_o be_v sometime_o man_n by_o a_o miraculous_a metamorphosis_n turn_v into_o hard_a stone_n the_o high_a of_o they_o all_o which_o without_o the_o circle_n look_v into_o the_o earth_n they_o call_v the_o king_n because_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v king_n of_o england_n forsooth_o if_o he_o have_v once_o see_v long-compton_n a_o little_a town_n lie_v beneath_o and_o which_o one_o may_v see_v if_o he_o go_v some_o few_o pace_n forward_o 83._o other_o five_o stand_v on_o the_o other_o side_n touch_v as_o it_o be_v one_o another_o they_o imagine_v to_o have_v be_v knight_n mount_v on_o horseback_n and_o the_o rest_n the_o army_n these_o will_v i_o very_o think_v say_v he_o to_o have_v be_v the_o monument_n of_o some_o victory_n and_o happy_o erect_v by_o rollo_n the_o dane_n who_o afterward_o conquer_v normandy_n for_o what_o time_n he_o with_o his_o dane_n trouble_v england_n with_o depredation_n we_o read_v that_o the_o dane_n join_v battle_n with_o the_o english_a at_o hochnorton_n a_o place_n for_o no_o one_o thing_n more_o famous_a in_o old_a time_n than_o for_o the_o woeful_a slaughter_n of_o the_o english_a in_o that_o fight_a field_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a 84._o that_o this_o monument_n may_v be_v erect_v by_o rollo_n the_o dane_n or_o rather_o norwegian_n perhaps_o may_v be_v true_a but_o by_o no_o mean_n about_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o elder_a for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a enough_o that_o he_o trouble_v england_n with_o depredation_n yet_o that_o he_o make_v they_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n alfred_n i_o think_v all_o the_o ancient_a historian_n agree_v an._n 897._o according_a to_o florilegus_n citato_fw-la florilegus_n matth._n westmonast_n in_o an._n citato_fw-la but_o according_a to_o abbot_n bromton_n aluredi_fw-la bromton_n johan_n bromton_n abb._n jorn_n in_o vita_fw-la aluredi_fw-la a_o much_o better_a author_n in_o the_o year_n 875_o near_o 40_o year_n before_o that_o slaughter_n of_o the_o english_a in_o king_n edward_n day_n as_o will_v plain_o appear_v upon_o comparison_n of_o this_o with_o the_o 75._o §_o of_o the_o same_o chapter_n 85._o therefore_o much_o rather_o than_o so_o shall_v i_o think_v he_o erect_v they_o upon_o a_o second_o expedition_n he_o make_v into_o england_n when_o he_o be_v call_v in_o by_o king_n aethelstan_n to_o assist_v he_o as_o thomas_n of_o walsingham_n witness_n against_o some_o potent_a rebel_n that_o have_v take_v arm_n against_o he_o initium_fw-la he_o tho._n de_fw-fr walsingham_n ypodigma_fw-la neustriae_fw-la sub_fw-la initium_fw-la who_o have_v vanquish_v and_o reduce_v into_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o perhaps_o too_o slay_v the_o design_a king_n of_o they_o who_o possible_o may_v be_v persuade_v to_o this_o rebellion_n upon_o a_o conditional_a prophecy_n of_o come_v to_o that_o honour_n when_o he_o shall_v see_v long-compton_n may_v erect_v this_o monument_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o fact_n the_o great_a single_a stone_n for_o the_o intend_a king_n the_o five_o stone_n by_o themselves_o for_o his_o principal_a captain_n and_o the_o round_a for_o the_o mix_a multitude_n slay_v in_o the_o battle_n which_o be_v somewhat_o agreeable_a to_o the_o tradition_n concern_v they_o 86._o but_o if_o i_o may_v give_v my_o opinion_n what_o i_o real_o think_v of_o they_o though_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_n much_o but_o they_o must_v be_v a_o danish_a or_o norwegian_a monument_n i_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n allow_v the_o round_a or_o other_o stone_n to_o be_v sepulchral_v monument_n for_o have_v the_o cirque_fw-la of_o stone_n be_v any_o such_o memorial_n it_o will_v certain_o have_v have_v either_o a_o tumulus_fw-la in_o the_o middle_n like_o the_o monument_n near_o the_o way_n to_o birck_n in_o seland_n and_o of_o langbeen_n kiser_n not_o far_o from_o it_o 3._o it_o olai_n wormii_n mon._n danic_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 3._o and_o another_o near_a roeschild_n 6._o roeschild_n idem_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 6._o or_o a_o stone_n altar_n as_o in_o the_o notable_a monument_n of_o harald_n hyldetand_v near_o leire_n in_o seland_n 5._o seland_n idem_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 5._o place_v there_o say_v wormius_n in_o another_o part_n of_o his_o book_n eo_fw-la sine_fw-la ut_fw-la ibidem_fw-la in_o memoriam_fw-la defuncti_fw-la quotannis_fw-la sacra_fw-la paragantur_fw-la that_o they_o may_v yearly_o offer_v sacrifice_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o defunct_a at_o the_o place_n of_o his_o inhumation_n but_o neither_o of_o these_o be_v within_o rollright_n cirque_fw-la nor_o can_v that_o curious_a and_o learned_a antiquary_n the_o worshipful_a ralph_n sheldon_n of_o beoly_n esq_n one_o of_o the_o noble_a promoter_n of_o this_o design_n who_o industrious_o dig_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o to_o see_v whether_o he_o can_v meet_v any_o symbol_n or_o mark_n either_o who_o may_v erect_v it_o or_o for_o what_o end_n or_o purpose_n find_v any_o such_o matter_n 87._o for_o the_o very_a same_o reason_n it_o be_v also_o as_o certain_a that_o it_o can_v have_v be_v any_o place_n of_o judicature_n such_o as_o be_v use_v in_o old_a time_n in_o the_o northern_a nation_n whereof_o there_o be_v one_o so_o great_a in_o seland_n as_o describe_v by_o wormius_n that_o it_o take_v up_o no_o less_o than_o six_o and_o forty_o great_a stone_n of_o stupendous_a magnitude_n within_o its_o circumference_n 10._o circumference_n olai_n wormii_n mon._n danic_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 10._o and_o so_o do_v rollright_n and_o more_o too_o but_o than_o it_o have_v no_o stone_n nor_o i_o suppose_v ever_o have_v erect_v in_o the_o middle_n for_o the_o judge_n to_o sit_v on_o as_o those_o always_o have_v beside_o these_o fora_n or_o place_n of_o judicature_n by_o the_o dane_n call_v thing_n seem_v always_o to_o have_v have_v their_o muniment_n of_o stone_n either_o of_o a_o quadrangular_a or_o oval_a figure_n and_o not_o to_o be_v enter_v but_o at_o two_o side_n as_o that_o at_o orthe_v
he_o teach_v they_o that_o can_v hear_v he_o how_o they_o shall_v live_v 7._o to_o which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v add_v the_o great_a council_n of_o kyrtlington_n hold_v there_o not_o long_o after_o in_o a_o 977_o at_o which_o be_v present_a king_n edward_n the_o martyr_n and_o st_n dunstan_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o at_o which_o die_v sidemannus_n bishop_n of_o crediton_n this_o council_n by_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n 493._o spelman_n h._n spelman_n council_n tom._n 1._o an._n 977._o p._n 493._o be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o same_o mention_v by_o wigorniensis_n hold_v at_o kyrtlinege_v which_o he_o guess_v to_o be_v now_o katlage_n in_o cambridge-shire_n but_o i_o rather_o believe_v it_o be_v hold_v here_o not_o only_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o name_n which_o remain_v the_o same_o to_o this_o day_n but_o because_o of_o the_o one_o and_o only_a constitution_n make_v there_o viz._n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o country_n people_n to_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o st._n mary_n of_o abington_n a_o thing_n in_o all_o likelihood_n not_o so_o desirable_a to_o the_o people_n of_o cambridge-shire_n as_o to_o we_o of_o oxford-shire_n so_o near_o the_o place_n beside_o the_o great_a reputation_n that_o this_o place_n be_v of_o in_o ancient_a time_n seem_v to_o justify_v my_o plea_n it_o enjoy_v as_o great_a privilege_n and_o perhaps_o be_v a_o fit_a place_n in_o those_o day_n for_o the_o reception_n of_o such_o a_o assembly_n than_o oxford_n itself_o for_o i_o find_v it_o part_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o who_o it_o come_v to_o henry_n son_n of_o edmund_n crouchback_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n and_o father_n to_o henry_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n by_o who_o daughter_n and_o sole_a heir_n blanch_n it_o come_v to_o john_n of_o gaunt_n duke_n of_o aquitane_n and_o lancaster_n and_o be_v free_a a_o thelonio_n passagio_fw-la lastagio_fw-it pacagio_fw-it stallagio_fw-it tallagio_fw-la tollagio_fw-it cariagio_fw-it &_o terragio_fw-it per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o a_o old_a charter_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o right_n worshipful_a sir_n tho_o chamberleyne_v now_o lord_n of_o the_o town_n who_o singular_a civility_n in_o impart_v this_o and_o some_o other_o matter_n hereafter_o to_o be_v mention_v i_o can_v but_o in_o gratitude_n ever_o acknowledge_v 8._o from_o whence_o after_o so_o long_o but_o i_o hope_v not_o unpleasant_a digression_n i_o return_v to_o the_o beautiful_a oxford_n again_o a_o place_n of_o so_o sweet_a and_o wholesome_a a_o air_n that_o though_o it_o must_v not_o be_v compare_v with_o that_o of_o montpellier_n yet_o upon_o my_o own_o knowledge_n it_o have_v prove_v so_o advantageous_a to_o some_o that_o it_o have_v prefect_o recover_v they_o of_o deep_a consumption_n and_o particular_o a_o worthy_a friend_n of_o i_o who_o though_o he_o come_v hither_o sufficient_o spend_v yet_o without_o the_o help_n of_o any_o other_o physic_n within_o few_o month_n feel_v a_o sensible_a amendment_n and_o in_o few_o year_n become_v of_o as_o sanguine_a a_o complexion_n as_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o friend_n that_o have_v almost_o despair_v of_o he_o 9_o some_o have_v think_v the_o small_a pox_n here_o more_o then_o ordinary_o frequent_a and_o it_o must_v indeed_o be_v confess_v that_o we_o be_v perhaps_o as_o often_o though_o not_o so_o severe_o infest_a as_o some_o other_o place_n for_o general_o here_o they_o be_v so_o favourable_a and_o kind_a that_o be_v the_o nurse_n but_o tolerable_o good_a the_o patient_n seldom_o miscarry_v but_o admit_v the_o objection_n be_v true_o make_v that_o it_o be_v more_o subject_n to_o the_o small_a pox_n than_o other_o neighbour_a city_n about_o yet_o if_o by_o so_o much_o the_o less_o it_o feel_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o plague_n i_o think_v the_o edge_n of_o the_o charge_n be_v sufficient_o rebate_v it_o be_v report_v among_o the_o 49._o the_o philosoph_n transact_v num_fw-la 49._o observation_n of_o a_o ingenious_a person_n that_o reside_v long_o in_o the_o island_n japan_n that_o though_o the_o air_n be_v very_o salubrious_a there_o yet_o the_o small_a pox_n and_o flux_n be_v very_o frequent_a but_o the_o plague_n not_o so_o much_o as_o ever_o hear_v of_o which_o have_v often_o make_v i_o reflect_v on_o the_o year_n 1665_o when_o the_o pestilence_n be_v spread_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n that_o even_o then_o though_o the_o court_n both_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o term_n be_v keep_v at_o oxford_n the_o plague_n notwithstanding_o be_v not_o there_o at_o all_o 10._o other_o again_o tell_v we_o of_o the_o black_a assize_n hold_v in_o the_o castle_n here_o an_z 1577._o when_o a_o poisonous_a steam_n break_v forth_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o mortal_o seize_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o judge_n sheriff_n justice_n gentry_z and_o juries_n beside_o great_a number_n of_o other_o that_o attend_v the_o business_n that_o they_o sicken_v upon_o it_o and_o almost_o all_o of_o they_o die_v but_o let_v it_o not_o be_v ascribe_v to_o ill_a fume_n and_o exhalation_n ascend_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o poison_v the_o air_n for_o such_o will_v have_v equal_o affect_v the_o prisoner_n as_o judge_n but_o we_o find_v not_o that_o they_o die_v otherwise_o then_o by_o the_o halter_n which_o easy_o persuade_v i_o to_o be_v of_o the_o mind_n of_o my_o 914._o my_o nat._n hist_o cent._n 10._o num_fw-la 914._o lord_n verulam_n who_o attribute_n it_o whole_o to_o the_o smell_n of_o the_o goal_n where_o the_o prisoner_n have_v be_v long_o close_o and_o nasty_o keep_v 11._o it_o be_v true_a that_o oxford_n be_v much_o more_o unhealthy_a heretofore_o then_o now_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n the_o city_n be_v then_o much_o less_o and_o the_o scholar_n many_o more_o who_o when_o crowd_v up_o in_o so_o narrow_a a_o space_n and_o the_o then_o slovenly_a townsman_n not_o keep_v the_o street_n clean_o but_o kill_v all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n within_o the_o wall_n do_v render_v the_o place_n much_o more_o unhealthy_a hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o find_v so_o many_o rescript_n of_o our_o king_n prohibit_v mactationem_fw-la grossarum_fw-la bestiarum_fw-la infra_fw-la muros_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la vici_fw-la mundentur_fw-la à _fw-la fimis_fw-la &_o fimariis_fw-la bear_v date_n 13_o hen._n 3._o 29_o edw._n 1._o 12_o edw._n 3._o 37_o hen._n 6._o 91._o 6._o mss._n in_o arch._n bib._n bod._n fol._n 90_o 91._o and_o all_o allege_v the_o reason_n quia_fw-la per_fw-la have_v mactationes_fw-la etc._n etc._n aer_fw-la ibidem_fw-la inficitur_fw-la because_o by_o the_o kill_a such_o manner_n of_o cattle_n and_o lay_v the_o dung_n in_o the_o street_n the_o air_n be_v infect_v moreover_o about_o these_o time_n the_o isis_n and_o cherwell_n through_o the_o carelessness_n of_o the_o townsman_n be_v fill_v with_o mud_n and_o the_o common-shoar_n by_o this_o mean_v stop_v do_v cause_v the_o ascent_n of_o malignant_a vapour_n wherever_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o flood_n for_o beside_o its_o stir_v the_o infectious_a mass_n great_a part_n of_o the_o water_n can_v not_o timely_o pass_v away_o but_o stagnate_v in_o the_o low_a meadow_n can_v not_o but_o increase_v the_o noxious_a putrid_a steam_n but_o the_o former_a be_v long_a since_o remedy_v by_o the_o care_n of_o the_o university_n and_o the_o latter_a by_o the_o piety_n and_o charge_n of_o richard_n fox_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o founder_n of_o c.c.c._n oxon._n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1517._o cleanse_v the_o river_n and_o cut_v more_o trench_n for_o the_o water_n free_a passage_n 245._o passage_n hist_o &_o antiq._n univers_n oxon._n lib._n 1._o pag._n 245._o the_o town_n have_v ever_o since_o continue_v in_o a_o healthful_a condition_n though_o i_o can_v but_o believe_v but_o be_v there_o yet_o more_o trench_n cut_v in_o some_o of_o the_o meadow_n the_o air_n may_v be_v somewhat_o better_v still_o especial_o during_o the_o winter_n season_n when_o i_o fear_v sometime_o flood_n stay_v a_o little_a too_o long_o and_o that_o not_o only_o near_o oxford_n but_o in_o otmoor_n and_o all_o along_o the_o isis_n from_o ensham_n to_o north-moor_n shifford_n chim_o and_o rotcot_n which_o bring_v i_o again_o to_o the_o general_a consideration_n of_o the_o water_n as_o well_o of_o the_o whole_a county_n as_o city_n 12._o that_o the_o healthiness_n of_o water_n consist_v in_o their_o due_a impregnation_n with_o salt_n and_o sulphur_n and_o their_o continuance_n so_o in_o their_o continual_a motion_n be_v indisputable_o evince_v from_o the_o stink_a evaporation_n of_o they_o upon_o any_o stagnation_n now_o that_o the_o river_n here_o abound_v with_o these_o will_v be_v altogether_o as_o manifest_v as_o that_o they_o run_v if_o we_o consider_v but_o the_o spring_n they_o receive_v and_o earth_n they_o wash_v the_o isis_n it_o be_v true_a till_o it_o come_v to_o new-bridge_n receive_v not_o that_o i_o