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the_o sea_n be_v adjoin_v and_o in_o propriety_n to_o be_v esteem_v according_o take_v their_o name_n of_o the_o country_n and_o kingdom_n adjacent_a or_o of_o their_o situation_n as_o mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la mare_fw-la germanicum_n mare_n hibernicum_n and_o for_o situation_n mare_fw-la mediterraneum_fw-la observe_v by_o cosmographer_n historiographer_n and_o mathematician_n this_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o compass_n count_v of_o course_n sounding_n colour_n of_o the_o gravel_n or_o sand_n and_o other_o way_n to_o design_n finitum_fw-la ab_fw-la '_o infinito_o law_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o far_o as_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o certain_a reach_n and_o bound_n of_o sea_n proper_o apppertain_v to_o any_o prince_n or_o people_n wherein_o the_o doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v record_v excellent_a observation_n custom_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o custom_n baldus_n say_v vidimus_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la gentium_fw-la in_fw-la mare_fw-la 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to_o give_v twenty_o per_fw-la 100_o for_o the_o year_n and_o so_o from_o year_n to_o year_n and_o die_v the_o principal_a be_v they_o one_o hundred_o pound_n for_o eight_o life_n by_o equality_n decrease_v the_o penny_n 8_o be_v 12_o will_v 10_o ss_z for_o two_o life_n 11_o will_v 2_o ss_z for_o three_o life_n 10_o will_v for_o four_o life_n 9_o will_v 1_o ss_z 9_o penny_n be_v 6_o will_v 5_o ss_z for_o eight_o life_n the_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n be_v wont_a to_o give_v good_a consideration_n and_o do_v observe_v this_o order_n upon_o a_o hundred_o gelder_n for_n eight_o life_n give_v 16_o 13_o 4_o life_n observation_n of_o money_n deliver_v upon_o life_n of_o nine_o life_n 19_o 1_o 0_o upon_o ten_o life_n they_o give_v 22_o 4_o 5_o upon_o eleven_o life_n 26_o 13_o 4_o upon_o twelve_o life_n 33_o 6_o 8_o upon_o seven_o life_n 14_o 6_o 4_o upon_o six_o life_n 13_o 6_o 8_o here_o you_o be_v to_o remember_v the_o observation_n of_o assuror_n whether_o the_o person_n be_v young_a or_o old_a sober_a in_o their_o diet_n and_o behaviour_n much_o travel_v abroad_o or_o stay_v at_o home_n subject_a to_o sickness_n and_o the_o like_a consideration_n house_n rent_n upon_o house_n money_n deliver_v upon_o annuity_n for_o rent_n seem_v more_o reasonable_a than_o pension_n upon_o life_n because_o you_o bear_v only_o the_o adventure_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o house_n or_o destruction_n of_o they_o in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o much_o more_o shall_v be_v give_v without_o pawn_n than_o with_o pawn_n or_o mortgage_n it_o be_v commodious_a for_o a_o man_n have_v waste_a ground_n and_o intend_v to_o build_v upon_o they_o to_o take_v much_o money_n upon_o rent_n after_o 6_o ¼_n pro_fw-la cent_n which_o many_o city_n give_v continual_o to_o increase_v their_o wealth_n and_o inhabitant_n and_o because_o the_o valuation_n of_o their_o money_n do_v often_o alter_v and_o be_v enhance_v whereby_o all_o thing_n become_v dear_a specie_fw-la rent_n pay_v in_o specie_fw-la the_o party_n be_v 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james_n be_v there_o four_o noble_n and_o all_o other_o division_n of_o it_o according_o so_o the_o english_a shilling_n be_v sixteen_o penny_n irish_a and_o the_o part_n of_o it_o according_o all_o other_o old_a irish_a coin_n be_v out_o of_o use_n and_o little_a quantity_n to_o be_v find_v of_o it_o in_o germany_n they_o make_v all_o their_o money_n by_o the_o account_n of_o batsen_n every_o bat_n four_o creutzer_n coin_v piece_n of_o three_o six_o germany_n germany_n and_o twelve_o creutzer_n so_o the_o ducat_n of_o hungary_n make_v 27_o batse_n the_o gold_n gelder_n eighteen_o batse_n the_o polish_v gelder_n or_o dolor_n fifteen_o batse_n teaston_n five_o batse_n the_o say_a gold_n gelder_n be_v value_n anno_fw-la 1520_o to_o be_v currant_n in_o holland_n for_o twenty_o eight_o stiver_n whereby_o their_o corn_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v which_o be_v erroneous_a and_o imaginary_a because_o there_o be_v no_o such_o piece_n in_o specie_fw-la so_o be_v the_o dolor_n and_o the_o silver_n gelder_n call_v gros_n or_o vnciales_n weigh_v a_o ounce_n the_o ancient_a roman_n call_v a_o ounce_n a_o gelder_n and_o the_o eight_o ounce_n make_v one_o mark_n and_o 12_o ounce_n or_o gelders_n be_v reckon_v for_o one_o pound_n and_o there_o be_v coin_a piece_n call_v nummi_fw-la dragmi_fw-la alius_fw-la grosleyn_n be_v the_o eight_o part_n of_o a_o dolor_n angelicy_n be_v the_o â…™_n of_o a_o dolor_n make_v three_o batse_n or_o twelve_o creutzer_n call_v schriekenborger_n the_o say_v angelici_fw-la be_v tribute_n peny_n which_o be_v allay_v and_o make_v worse_o do_v obtain_v the_o name_n of_o bat_n as_o it_o be_v seek_v of_o a_o benefit_n which_o since_o have_v be_v more_o embase_v and_o therefore_o deserve_v that_o name_n of_o batse_n they_o be_v call_v in_o thuringia_n gulielmi_n and_o in_o bohemia_n bohemici_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o say_a tribute_n whereof_o they_o have_v also_o 12_o piece_n divide_o for_o 12_o penny_n which_o penny_n be_v all_o germany_n over_o two_o heller_n by_o way_n of_o account_n the_o dolor_n be_v first_o make_v upon_o sixty_o and_o five_o creutzer_n which_o in_o those_o coin_n so_o embase_v be_v answer_v by_o 72_o creutzers_n and_o in_o othâ—â—_n city_n of_o germany_n they_o reckon_v as_o follow_v upon_o diverse_a coin_n 〈◊〉_d make_v and_o some_o imaginary_a at_o augusta_n they_o have_v small_a money_n gross_v of_o three_o batse_n augusta_n augusta_n lion_n piece_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o creutzer_n the_o blackepennie_n four_o to_o one_o creutzer_n snubourgh_n blaphart_n or_o bohomicos_fw-la of_o three_o and_o 3_o ½_n creutzer_n the_o rycke_v dolor_n be_v thirty_o albes_fw-la of_o eight_o penny_n every_o albe_n or_o seventie_o and_o two_o creutzer_n for_o the_o say_a dolor_n at_o frankford_n they_o divide_v their_o florin_n of_o sixty_o creutzer_n frankford_n frankford_n by_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o every_o shilling_n in_o twelve_o heller_n according_a to_o the_o pound_n at_o norenbourgh_n in_o like_a manner_n and_o the_o creutzer_n be_v four_o penny_n norenborough_n norenborough_n every_o penny_n two_o heller_n and_o five_o penny_n call_v a_o fynfer_v or_o five_o pennick_n at_o strasborough_n they_o use_v blapharts_n gross_v strasborough_n strasborough_n bohemicos_fw-la of_o three_o creutzer_n every_o blaphart_n six_o penny_n of_o two_o heller_n or_o four_o ortlyn_n at_o bohemia_n as_o in_o germany_n and_o the_o bohemici_n bohemia_n bohemia_n be_v whitgrosse_v of_o three_o creutzer_n the_o doller_n be_v twenty_o four_o bohemicos_fw-la of_o twelve_o angster_n every_o bohemico_fw-la ten_o penny_n and_o one_o mark_n be_v forty_o bohemicos_fw-la and_o scoc_n be_v sixty_o bohemicos_fw-la vienna_n vienna_n at_o vienna_n the_o rycke_v doller_n be_v eight_o shilling_n and_o the_o ducat_n twelve_o shilling_n trioll_n trioll_n at_o trioll_n the_o doller_n at_o seventie_o two_o creutzer_n of_o five_o fynfer_v or_o heller_n the_o creutzer_n hungary_n hungary_n
they_o shall_v speak_v truth_n to_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v demand_v of_o they_o 3_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o require_v without_o just_a cause_n any_o time_n of_o prolongation_n 4_o that_o they_o have_v not_o nor_o will_v attempt_v to_o corrupt_v witness_n 6_o the_o six_o time_n upon_o the_o contestation_n and_o interlocutorie_a sentence_n you_o must_v observe_v nine_o thing_n 1_o that_o the_o witness_n be_v present_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o party_n against_o who_o they_o be_v produce_v 2_o that_o they_o be_v freeman_n and_o honest_a and_o not_o hire_v nor_o corrupt_v 3_o that_o they_o be_v swear_v and_o the_o producent_fw-la pay_v his_o charge_n 4_o you_o may_v inquire_v of_o the_o party_n that_o do_v produce_v the_o witness_n as_o also_o of_o the_o witness_n by_o certain_a article_n what_o may_v appertain_v to_o the_o cause_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o admittance_n for_o to_o be_v swear_v because_o their_o deposition_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o matter_n 5_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v have_v three_o several_a time_n to_o produce_v his_o witness_n shall_v not_o have_v any_o other_o time_n to_o examine_v any_o more_o unless_o he_o do_v swear_v that_o he_o know_v not_o what_o the_o former_a witness_n have_v depose_v and_o the_o judge_n do_v assent_v thereunto_o 6_o if_o the_o witness_n have_v declare_v any_o thing_n obscure_o they_o may_v declare_v the_o same_o more_o plain_o if_o the_o judge_n do_v desire_v the_o same_o at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o party_n according_a as_o he_o shall_v direct_v 7_o after_o publication_n of_o the_o witness_n deposition_n there_o may_v not_o any_o other_o witness_n be_v depose_v upon_o the_o say_a interrogatory_n or_o any_o matter_n touch_v the_o same_o 8_o that_o the_o witness_n be_v examine_v of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o place_n and_o of_o the_o case_n itself_o whether_o they_o have_v see_v or_o hear_v the_o same_o &_o what_o they_o believe_v or_o know_v thereof_o or_o of_o the_o report_n they_o have_v 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the_o defendant_n which_o seek_v delay_n be_v not_o content_v with_o so_o short_a a_o time_n of_o plead_v the_o complainant_n also_o may_v know_v whether_o it_o be_v safe_a for_o he_o to_o take_v his_o oath_n as_o aforesaid_a that_o he_o be_v in_o conscience_n persuade_v of_o his_o right_n suit_n to_o abridge_v the_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n and_o morever_o pay_v a_o fine_a for_o wrong_v molestation_n abridge_v with_o they_o heretofore_o the_o multiplicity_n of_o suit_n omit_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o other_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o call_v law_n and_o equity_n to_o be_v the_o common_a law_n so_o much_o commend_v above_o the_o civil_a law_n by_o the_o say_v m_o r._n fortescue_n sometime_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o who_o have_v observe_v five_o point_n wherein_o the_o same_o consist_v let_v we_o observe_v many_o more_o to_o extol_v the_o excellency_n of_o the_o say_v common_a law_n as_o follow_v summary_o 1_o first_o because_o of_o the_o antiquity_n thereof_o england_n excellency_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n for_o that_o in_o all_o the_o time_n that_o the_o realm_n be_v inhabit_v by_o five_o several_a nation_n the_o same_o be_v still_o rule_v by_o the_o say_a custom_n that_o it_o be_v now_o govern_v withal_o which_o if_o they_o have_v not_o be_v good_a some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o these_o several_a nation_n move_v either_o with_o justice_n or_o with_o reason_n and_o affection_n will_v have_v change_v or_o abolish_v the_o same_o especial_o the_o roman_n who_o judge_v all_o the_o world_n 2_o second_o for_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o their_o coronation_n do_v take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n to_o cause_v all_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v faithful_o observe_v according_a to_o the_o former_a institution_n 3_o for_o that_o the_o say_v ancient_a custom_n or_o maxim_n thereof_o be_v inexpugnable_a and_o do_v stand_v of_o their_o own_o authority_n as_o principle_n which_o need_v no_o reason_n to_o confirm_v their_o authority_n as_o the_o law_n of_o solon_n draco_n carondas_n lycurgus_n numa_n pompilius_n and_o the_o law_n of_o twelve_o table_n etc._n etc._n 4_o because_o all_o difference_n and_o controversy_n which_o happen_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n be_v try_v and_o determine_v by_o the_o law_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n or_o by_o the_o judge_n it_o be_v still_o according_a to_o the_o law_n 5_o because_o the_o king_n personal_o give_v not_o any_o judgement_n especial_o when_o himself_o be_v a_o party_n see_v it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o be_v both_o judge_n and_o party_n 6_o for_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o time_n to_o time_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n of_o record_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o chancery_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n which_o do_v sit_v as_o judge_n by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n do_v remain_v authorise_v and_o their_o power_n end_v not_o immediate_o with_o the_o king_n howbeit_o the_o succeed_a king_n do_v confirm_v they_o in_o their_o office_n whereby_o all_o sedition_n be_v prevent_v during_o the_o inter_fw-la regnum_fw-la 7_o for_o that_o with_o indifferency_n without_o regard_n of_o person_n it_o command_v as_o well_o the_o nobility_n and_o other_o person_n of_o dignity_n by_o way_n of_o utlagare_o or_o outlaw_n as_o the_o mean_a subject_n 8_o for_o exercise_v a_o power_n over_o the_o judge_n which_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v of_o the_o law_n but_o by_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o be_v the_o word_n judicium_fw-la properly_z attribute_v to_o their_o determination_n even_o as_o the_o word_n decretum_fw-la be_v understand_v of_o the_o ordinance_n or_o sentence_n of_o the_o magistrate_n follow_v equity_n as_o it_o be_v without_o law_n for_o there_o be_v the_o like_a proportion_n between_o the_o law_n and_o the_o execution_n thereof_o call_v legis_fw-la actio_fw-la as_o there_o be_v between_o equity_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o magistrate_n call_v judicis_fw-la officium_fw-la 9_o for_o that_o the_o officer_n thereof_o be_v authorise_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o due_a execution_n of_o it_o by_o a_o proportionable_a distribution_n namely_o the_o judge_n for_o term_n of_o life_n and_o officer_n subaltern_a change_v from_o year_n to_o year_n to_o the_o end_n the_o administration_n of_o justice_n may_v be_v more_o indifferent_a 10_o for_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o trial_n thereof_o in_o several_a court_n according_a to_o law_n and_o equity_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o a_o agree_v and_o most_o necessary_a discord_n as_o it_o be_v concordi_fw-la discordia_fw-la whereby_o the_o body_n of_o justice_n be_v support_v by_o strive_v as_o the_o stone_n uphold_v a_o vault_n as_o cato_n say_v 11_o for_o that_o the_o judge_n in_o criminal_a cause_n do_v change_v from_o time_n to_o time_n their_o circuit_n and_o inferior_a judge_n of_o the_o court_n do_v execute_v the_o place_n as_o well_o as_o superior_a judge_n whereby_o partiality_n be_v prevent_v 12_o for_o that_o the_o law_n tend_v most_o careful_o for_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o life_n and_o good_n of_o every_o good_a and_o honest_a man_n see_v that_o even_o in_o criminal_a cause_n it_o have_v provide_v as_o much_o as_o may_v stand_v with_o justice_n a_o help_n and_o favour_n permit_v the_o judge_n to_o order_v the_o plead_n of_o offender_n and_o to_o instruct_v they_o to_o avoid_v mispleading_a and_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o except_v against_o the_o juror_n which_o they_o dislike_v 13_o for_o that_o it_o do_v forbid_v the_o sale_n of_o office_n thereby_o intend_v due_a administration_n of_o justice_n for_o where_o office_n be_v sell_v as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o great_a there_o justice_n be_v common_o sell_v by_o
purpose_n as_o by_o the_o grant_n appear_v this_o licence_n they_o in_o short_a time_n pervert_v to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o ancient_a course_n of_o the_o staple_n whereby_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o realm_n great_o decline_v and_o the_o king_n custom_n decrease_v so_o that_o from_o 160_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a pay_v out_o of_o the_o staple_n the_o custom_n come_v short_a of_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n becket_n the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o becket_n these_o new_a merchant_n term_v themselves_o the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n thomas_n of_o becket_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o direction_n under_o the_o great_a scale_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o prohibit_v from_o do_v any_o act_n that_o may_v prejudice_n the_o staple_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v until_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o then_o there_o be_v another_o great_a complaint_n in_o parliament_n against_o the_o say_a fraternity_n for_o decay_v of_o trade_n and_o a_o very_a strict_a law_n make_v against_o they_o with_o especial_a order_n that_o they_o shall_v admit_v any_o of_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n into_o their_o society_n pay_v unto_o they_o ten_o mark_n which_o under_o pretence_n of_o some_o privilege_n have_v be_v interrupt_v and_o especial_o by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o highness_n happy_a reign_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o controversy_n for_o the_o dress_n and_o die_v of_o cloth_n nevertheless_o in_o all_o their_o grant_n exception_n be_v make_v that_o the_o stapler_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudice_v which_o in_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o parliament_n will_v be_v find_v most_o necessary_a to_o be_v unite_v again_o to_o make_v a_o free_a trade_n under_o government_n 8_o the_o exportation_n of_o the_o material_n for_o cloth_n as_o wool_n fuller_n earth_n woolfell_n and_o woodash_n be_v prohibit_v late_o by_o his_o majesty_n 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he_o to_o be_v a_o great_a politician_n or_o statist_n and_o find_v fault_n that_o many_o thing_n therein_o contain_v which_o he_o term_v mystery_n shall_v be_v publish_v and_o make_v know_v especial_o such_o as_o may_v concern_v prince_n in_o their_o revenue_n or_o secret_n of_o their_o mint_n unto_o he_o therefore_o i_o frame_v this_o answer_n confess_v and_o avoid_v that_o true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o ancient_a monarchy_n empire_n and_o commonweal_n hold_v the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o revenue_n in_o such_o reverence_n and_o secret_a that_o none_o but_o the_o officer_n which_o have_v the_o manage_n thereof_o be_v make_v privy_a of_o they_o as_o be_v sacred_a thing_n not_o fit_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v take_v notice_n thereof_o which_o be_v true_o observe_v in_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o commonweal_n of_o the_o grecian_n but_o as_o time_n produce_v variety_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n do_v change_v breed_v corruption_n of_o law_n and_o custom_n so_o be_v it_o find_v that_o by_o this_o secrecy_n officer_n be_v both_o embolden_v and_o enable_v to_o deceive_v the_o prince_n thereby_o and_o the_o people_n will_v pretend_v ignorance_n to_o giâ—e_v unto_o they_o their_o due_n whereupon_o the_o senator_n of_o rome_n by_o mature_a deliberation_n do_v ordain_v that_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o the_o revenue_n of_o their_o treasure_n and_o the_o dependence_n thereupon_o shall_v be_v publish_v and_o make_v know_v not_o only_o unto_o the_o people_n but_o unto_o stranger_n also_o which_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n cause_v to_o beobserue_v and_o other_o emperor_n succeed_v he_o as_o appeareth_z by_o the_o code_n and_o other_o book_n which_o the_o french_a king_n have_v imitate_v ever_o since_o willing_a and_o command_v that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v know_v of_o every_o one_o yea_o even_o of_o the_o mere_a stranger_n of_o other_o country_n so_o that_o this_o objection_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n especial_o this_o book_n be_v moderate_a in_o the_o handle_n thereof_o now_o mastix_fw-la ride_v a_o false_a gallop_n on_o a_o hackney_n horse_n be_v full_o freight_v of_o conceit_n come_v to_o town_n and_o make_v two_o exception_n to_o the_o method_n and_o content_n of_o the_o book_n first_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o term_n of_o art_n by_o divide_v of_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n next_o he_o will_v not_o have_v merchant_n secret_n lay_v open_a or_o their_o trade_n divulge_v to_o the_o first_o concern_v the_o be_v essence_n or_o existence_n of_o thing_n he_o will_v make_v no_o difference_n between_o natural_a thing_n and_o thing_n artificial_a and_o so_o there_o be_v but_o two_o essential_a part_n of_o materia_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la albeit_o that_o some_o philosopher_n have_v establish_v three_o beginning_n of_o natural_a thing_n matter_n form_n and_o deprivation_n the_o matter_n have_v no_o other_o office_n or_o function_n but_o the_o change_n from_o one_o form_n into_o another_o deprivation_n give_v a_o inclination_n thereunto_o for_o deprivation_n be_v a_o imperfection_n so_o conjoin_v to_o the_o matter_n that_o without_o she_o if_o she_o be_v separate_v nothing_o will_v be_v engender_v and_o therefore_o in_o heaven_n there_o be_v no_o deprivation_n and_o consequent_o no_o generation_n ne_o corruption_n the_o form_n therefore_o give_v perfection_n to_o the_o thing_n and_o be_v also_o and_o without_o her_o the_o matter_n be_v more_o imperfect_a than_o the_o eye_n be_v without_o the_o faculty_n of_o see_v or_o the_o ear_n without_o hear_v but_o in_o artificial_o the_o be_v have_v her_o part_n as_o traffic_n have_v three_o namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n so_o other_o thing_n may_v consist_v of_o more_o be_v or_o simples_n wherein_o the_o term_n of_o art_n be_v not_o exclude_v neither_o can_v they_o avoid_v mastix_fw-la his_fw-la envy_n to_o the_o second_o the_o whole_a content_n of_o this_o book_n manife_v to_o all_o judicious_a merchant_n how_o necessary_a the_o knowledge_n be_v of_o the_o matter_n therein_o contain_v to_o maintain_v equity_n and_o justice_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a secret_n of_o any_o merchant_n trade_n reveal_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o any_o man_n or_o nation_n in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o be_v much_o please_v with_o it_o as_o be_v desirous_a to_o advance_v the_o good_a and_o to_o banish_v the_o evil_a observe_v that_o virtue_n make_v a_o stranger_n grow_v natural_a in_o a_o strange_a country_n and_o the_o vicious_a become_v a_o mere_a stranger_n in_o his_o own_o native_a soil_n let_v virtue_n therefore_o enjoy_v her_o freedom_n and_o possess_v her_o privilege_n by_o the_o right_n of_o law_n and_o all_o the_o people_n shall_v flourish_v with_o equity_n justice_n shall_v maintain_v peace_n peace_n shall_v procure_v security_n security_n shall_v nourish_v wealth_n and_o wealth_n felicity_n no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v dismay_v at_o his_o small_a talent_n or_o to_o grudge_v at_o another_o great_a prosperity_n for_o without_o doubt_n nature_n have_v by_o her_o secret_a motion_n deny_v none_o some_o perfect_a quality_n to_o supply_v that_o want_n which_o in_o himself_o breed_v discontent_a or_o mislike_n for_o even_o as_o the_o fish_n have_v no_o ear_n have_v a_o most_o clear_a sight_n so_o though_o want_n of_o dignity_n be_v a_o disgrace_n to_o some_o though_o want_v of_o coin_n discontent_n diverse_a and_o though_o lack_v of_o wealth_n impair_v the_o credit_n of_o many_o yet_o nature_n have_v supply_v that_o outward_a ornament_n with_o such_o a_o internal_a reward_n as_o a_o loyal_a and_o love_a heart_n notwithstanding_o many_o hard_a measure_n will_v with_o constancy_n spend_v all_o his_o time_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v thereunto_o employ_v this_o work_n thus_o at_o length_n happy_o conclude_v and_o commend_v to_o the_o kind_a acceptation_n of_o all_o gentle_a and_o well_o dispose_v mind_n be_v not_o compile_v to_o please_v the_o vain_a appetite_n of_o some_o man_n according_a to_o their_o nice_a opinion_n but_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o judicial_a and_o affable_a judgement_n of_o this_o age_n to_o who_o i_o shall_v during_o the_o remainder_n of_o my_o day_n always_o be_v ready_a to_o supply_v any_o thing_n which_o in_o the_o next_o impression_n may_v be_v desire_v not_o doubt_v but_o they_o will_v measure_v it_o by_o the_o just_a desert_n and_o censure_v thereof_o as_o their_o own_o kind_a nature_n have_v ever_o be_v accustom_v soli_fw-la deo_fw-la gloria_fw-la finis_fw-la
kintall_n centeners_n talent_n thousand_o weigh_v skippond_n charge_n lispound_n roove_v stone_n and_o such_o like_a the_o second_o fort_n of_o weight_n be_v by_o pound_n mina_n manes_n rotulus_n etc._n etc._n the_o three_o division_n of_o weight_n do_v consist_v in_o the_o small_a division_n of_o 12_o 14_o 16_o 18_o 20_o and_o 30_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n and_o the_o subdivision_n thereof_o the_o talon_n of_o the_o grecian_n 60_o minas_n talentum_fw-la talentum_fw-la every_o mana_n 100_o dragmes_fw-la so_o a_o talon_n be_v six_o thousand_o dragmes_fw-la 8_o of_o they_o to_o one_o ounce_n be_v 750_o ounce_n another_o talon_n of_o greece_n be_v 16_o sestertio_n be_v 40_o minas_n or_o pound_n of_o 18_o ounce_n as_o also_o of_o 20_o ounce_n in_o egypt_n it_o be_v 32_o sestertio_n or_o 80_o pound_n the_o 50_o sestertio_n of_o cleopatra_n be_v 125_o will_v in_o thratia_n 48_o sestertio_n be_v 120_o pound_n in_o africa_n 24_o sestertio_n be_v 60_o will_v differ_v also_o in_o the_o pound_n weight_n kyntall_n cantar_n or_o kyntall_n cantar_n or_o kyntall_n or_o centener_n call_v hundreth_n of_o 100_o 112_o 120_o 125_o 128_o and_o 132_o pound_n the_o hebrew_n do_v call_v cicar_n to_o be_v 50_o minas_n or_o maneg_n weigh_v weigh_v weigh_v be_v common_o 165_o will_v or_o 180_o will_v or_o 200_o 1_o â—_o for_o acharge_v skippound_v skippound_v skippound_v of_o 300_o 320_o 340_o and_o 400_o pound_n the_o skippound_n lyspound_v lyspound_v lyspound_v of_o 15_o and_o 16_o pound_n to_o the_o lyspound_n roove_v roove_v roove_v or_o arroba_n of_o 10_o 20_o 25_o 30_o and_o 40_o pound_n to_o the_o roove_v stone_n stone_n stone_n of_o 6_o 8_o 10_o 14_o 16_o 20_o 21_o 24_o and_o 32_o will_v and_o also_o 40_o will_v as_o more_o particular_o appear_v hereafter_o in_o their_o proper_a place_n mixias_n mixias_n mixias_n be_v also_o use_v whereof_o we_o find_v mention_v make_v in_o some_o book_n be_v ten_o thousand_o and_o be_v common_o understand_v for_o 10000_o dragmes_fw-la of_o 8_o to_o 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it_o be_v whereby_o other_o nation_n have_v still_o a_o advantage_n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o bill_n obligatorie_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o england_n such_o be_v the_o sincerity_n and_o candour_n animi_fw-la among_o merchant_n of_o all_o nation_n beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o observation_n of_o plain_a deal_v concern_v the_o say_a billâ—_n obligatorie_n between_o man_n and_o man_n that_o no_o man_n dare_v presume_v to_o question_v his_o own_o hand_n for_o if_o he_o be_v stain_v therewith_o he_o be_v not_o only_o utter_o discredit_v but_o also_o detest_v of_o all_o merchant_n the_o form_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v as_o follow_v only_o mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la form_n of_o bill_n obligatorie_n i_o a._n b._n merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n do_v acknowledge_v by_o these_o present_n to_o be_v true_o indebt_v to_o the_o honest_a c._n d._n english_a merchant_n dwell_v at_o middleborough_n in_o the_o sum_n of_o five_o hundred_o pound_n currant_n money_n for_o merchandise_n 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dower_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o may_v be_v allege_v or_o imagine_v in_o england_n bill_n obligatorie_n be_v make_v payable_a to_o the_o party_n his_o heir_n executor_n administrator_n or_o assign_v may_v convenient_o be_v set_v over_o as_o aforesaid_a because_o the_o lawful_a assignee_n shall_v be_v of_o record_n and_o register_v also_o upon_o the_o bill_n and_o if_o there_o be_v two_o or_o more_o bind_v in_o a_o bill_n fraudulent_a deal_n will_v be_v also_o better_o prevent_v for_o by_o the_o common_a law_n rest_n acquittance_n to_o one_o discharge_v the_o rest_n if_o one_o do_v release_v one_o of_o his_o debtor_n by_o way_n of_o acquittance_n that_o be_v bind_v with_o other_o unto_o he_o they_o be_v all_o release_v and_o acquit_v thereby_o although_o there_o be_v never_o so_o little_o pay_v of_o the_o debt_n insomuch_o that_o a_o receipt_n for_o parcel_n of_o the_o money_n receive_v of_o one_o of_o the_o debtor_n be_v make_v in_o full_a payment_n of_o his_o part_n only_o do_v nevertheless_o discharge_v they_o all_o as_o for_o example_n by_o woeful_a experience_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v three_o linen_n draper_n of_o london_n buy_v of_o a_o merchant_n stranger_n 40_o piece_n of_o fine_a holland_n cloth_n amount_v to_o 160_o will_v and_o give_v their_o joint_a bill_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o it_o at_o six_o month_n one_o of_o they_o become_v insoluent_a and_o be_v imprison_v make_v a_o composition_n with_o the_o merchant_n for_o eight_o pound_n and_o thereupon_o have_v a_o general_a acquittance_n make_v to_o he_o only_o short_o after_o the_o other_o two_o linen_n draper_n be_v somewhat_o press_v for_o the_o payment_n and_o engage_v for_o the_o other_o they_o do_v plead_v the_o other_o man_n general_a acquittance_n which_o be_v but_o a_o receipt_n make_v of_o the_o say_v eight_o pound_n express_v that_o be_v be_v in_o full_a of_o his_o part_n and_o nevertheless_o upon_o
within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v the_o king_n chamber_n after_o this_o follow_v the_o particular_a letter_n for_o the_o delivery_n of_o several_a country_n and_o town_n as_o caour_n carsin_n monstreull_a calais_n rochel_n turaine_n poitiers_n poitou_n xantes_n xantogne_n dagonois_n perigot_n and_o diverse_a other_o beside_o many_o letter_n concern_v the_o french_a king_n liberty_n and_o his_o hostage_n and_o of_o the_o homage_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o remain_v with_o the_o title_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o domayne_n beside_o many_o other_o memorable_a thing_n so_o that_o all_o matter_n concern_v the_o sea_n and_o land_n be_v establish_v for_o those_o sea_n and_o king_n eâ—ward_n take_v six_o penny_n a_o ton_n for_o fish_v ship_n king_n henry_n the_o five_o who_o do_v conquer_v all_o france_n and_o have_v the_o possession_n of_o mare_fw-la britannicum_fw-la lose_v nothing_o of_o his_o right_n no_o more_o do_v henry_n the_o six_o and_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o as_o may_v appear_v by_o their_o proclamation_n treaty_n hollâ—ngshed_n chro_fw-la hollâ—ngshed_n and_o contract_v not_o only_o with_o the_o french_a but_o with_o the_o archduke_n of_o burgundy_n as_o by_o guicchardins_n chronicle_n treatise_n chr._n froiszart_n guiccâ—arâ—in_n and_o the_o say_a treatise_n or_o historical_a description_n of_o the_o low-countries_n appear_v and_o as_o doctor_n d_o you_o in_o his_o book_n of_o navigation_n affirm_v king_n henry_n the_o seven_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o fish_n trade_n proper_o belong_v unto_o england_n in_o his_o sea_n and_o dominion_n have_v resolve_v to_o settle_v a_o trade_n thereupon_o which_o he_o prefer_v above_o all_o voyage_n for_o in_o those_o day_n there_o be_v no_o fish_v trade_n establish_v in_o the_o low-countries_n antiquity_n by_o original_a antiquity_n and_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o one_o hundred_o year_n complete_a that_o one_o violet_n stephens_n and_o other_o discontent_a fishmonger_n depart_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o go_v into_o holland_n to_o the_o town_n of_o enckhusen_n where_o they_o procure_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o fish_n for_o they_o in_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n sea_n stream_n and_o dominion_n which_o inhabitant_n upon_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o say_v englishmen_n fishmonger_n take_v the_o whole_a trade_n to_o themselves_o disperse_v the_o same_o into_o many_o other_o town_n whereby_o the_o same_o be_v admirable_o increase_v queen_n marie_n be_v marry_v with_o king_n philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n under_o who_o all_o the_o seventeen_o low_a province_n be_v unite_v grant_v a_o lease_n unto_o the_o say_a king_n for_o the_o fish_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o ireland_n for_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n for_o a_o certain_a fine_a and_o pay_v one_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a into_o the_o treasury_n of_o ireland_n and_o edward_n fitton_n knight_n then_o treasurer_n and_o the_o company_n of_o the_o old_a haunce_n in_o primo_fw-la of_o the_o say_a queen_n marie_n have_v also_o liberty_n to_o sish_v within_o the_o say_a sea_n upon_o certain_a condition_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o chapel_n of_o the_o roll_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o for_o england_n northwards_o licence_n be_v give_v at_o scarborough_n castle_n to_o this_o distinction_n of_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n porteullis_n invention_n of_o the_o porteullis_n i_o call_v to_o memory_n the_o proceed_n of_o that_o victorious_a king_n henry_n the_o eight_o who_o during_o the_o time_n that_o calais_n be_v under_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o it_o have_v be_v full_a 211_o year_n use_v the_o invention_n of_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o portcullis_n signify_v the_o power_n of_o lock_v up_o of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n between_o dover_n and_o calais_n which_o be_v think_v convenient_a to_o be_v use_v upon_o the_o coin_n make_v for_o the_o east-indies_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o trade_n be_v piece_n of_o the_o value_n of_o eight_o royal_n of_o spain_n whereof_o there_o be_v coin_a in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n for_o a_o trial_n in_o januarie_n 1600_o some_o six_o thousand_o pound_n which_o can_v not_o be_v make_v currant_n there_o because_o the_o spanish_a piece_n of_o eight_o royal_n have_v be_v before_o that_o time_n counterfeit_v by_o other_o nation_n which_o make_v the_o east-indians_a to_o doubt_v of_o our_o coin_n although_o without_o cause_n this_o noble_a king_n henry_n have_v procure_v the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o to_o meet_v with_o the_o french_a king_n go_v over_o in_o person_n with_o a_o great_a power_n to_o besiege_v the_o town_n of_o boulogne_n in_o france_n and_o when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o emperor_n tent_n or_o pavilion_n be_v make_v with_o the_o two_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n and_o the_o inscription_n plus_fw-fr ultra_fw-la and_o likewise_o the_o french_a king_n tent_n with_o the_o three_o flower_n deluce_n and_o the_o title_n of_o primus_fw-la christianorum_fw-la rex_fw-la he_o cause_v a_o archer_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o his_o pavilion_n with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o his_o inscription_n be_v cui_fw-la adherio_fw-la praeest_fw-la declare_v thereby_o his_o present_a strength_n whereby_o he_o do_v qualify_v those_o war_n and_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o say_v french_a king_n it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o state_n of_o a_o prince_n do_v as_o much_o consist_v by_o reputation_n as_o by_o strength_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n james_n have_v also_o be_v mindful_a of_o his_o right_n of_o distinct_a dominion_n for_o the_o great_a blessing_n which_o almighty_a god_n have_v allot_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a under_o his_o majesty_n dominion_n be_v so_o visible_a to_o all_o the_o world_n as_o that_o thereby_o they_o be_v ravish_v with_o admiration_n for_o albeit_o that_o the_o earthly_a blessing_n be_v produce_v in_o seasonable_a time_n yet_o the_o blessing_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v direct_v and_o point_v at_o by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n at_o infallible_a season_n cause_v those_o watery_a creature_n to_o offer_v themselves_o for_o our_o sustenance_n and_o for_o the_o general_a good_a of_o all_o creature_n in_o place_n certain_a within_o his_o majesty_n sea_n stream_n and_o dominion_n and_o not_o into_o the_o main_a where_o fish_v can_v be_v effect_v whereupon_o his_o majesty_n before_o his_o come_n into_o england_n do_v let_v the_o fish_n of_o scotland_n to_o the_o hollander_n for_o fifteen_o year_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o more_o ancient_a treaty_n between_o they_o that_o the_o fish_n then_o agree_v upon_o shall_v be_v eighty_o mile_n from_o the_o coast_n to_o the_o end_n the_o scoles_n of_o herring_n shall_v not_o be_v interrupt_v his_o majesty_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n of_o great_a britain_n make_v a_o grant_v to_o one_o collyn_n of_o coventrie_n for_o twenty_o one_o year_n for_o the_o fish_n in_o some_o part_n of_o ireland_n fish_v grant_v make_v for_o fish_v and_o the_o like_a grant_n have_v be_v make_v for_o the_o isle_n of_o garnesey_n and_o jarnesey_n according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n law_n by_o the_o common_a law_n which_o in_o this_o point_n concern_v his_o majesty_n right_a of_o dominion_n be_v very_o copious_a the_o handle_n whereof_o i_o leave_v to_o the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a of_o the_o say_v law_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n say_a reign_n his_o highness_n cause_v a_o proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v concern_v his_o dominion_n of_o fish_v which_o be_v compendious_a and_o substantial_a i_o think_v convenient_a here_o to_o be_v insert_v verbatim_o james_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n defendor_n of_o the_o faith_n etc._n etc._n to_o all_o and_o singular_a person_n to_o who_o it_o may_v appertain_v greeting_n although_o we_o do_v sufficient_o know_v by_o our_o experience_n in_o the_o office_n of_o regal_a dignity_n in_o which_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o almighty_a god_n we_o have_v be_v place_v and_o exercise_v these_o many_o year_n as_o also_o by_o observation_n which_o we_o have_v make_v of_o other_o christian_a prince_n exemplary_a action_n how_o far_o the_o absoluteness_n of_o our_o sovereign_a power_n extend_v itself_o and_o that_o in_o regard_n thereof_o we_o need_v not_o to_o yield_v account_n to_o any_o person_n under_o god_n for_o any_o action_n of_o we_o which_o be_v lawful_o ground_v upon_o that_o just_a prerogative_n yet_o such_o have_v ever_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v our_o care_n and_o desire_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o our_o neighbour_n prince_n and_o friend_n in_o any_o action_n which_o may_v have_v the_o least_o relation_n to_o their_o subject_n and_o estate_n as_o we_o have_v think_v good_a by_o way_n of_o friendly_a praemonition_n to_o declare_v unto_o they_o all_o and_o to_o whosoever_o it_o may_v appertain_v as_o follow_v whereas_o we_o
same_o with_o the_o charge_n upon_o commodity_n to_o the_o price_n whereat_o the_o say_v commodity_n be_v buy_v as_o well_o in_o his_o native_a country_n as_o in_o other_o country_n where_o he_o do_v traffic_n and_o trade_n in_o russia_n denmark_n and_o sweathen_a custom_n rigorous_a deal_n for_o custom_n the_o custom_n and_o ordinance_n be_v if_o a_o merchant_n do_v not_o declare_v all_o his_o commodity_n which_o he_o import_v or_o export_v but_o conceal_v some_o part_n of_o they_o all_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o kind_n be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o prince_n and_o he_o shall_v find_v but_o small_a favour_n to_o redeem_v they_o in_o spain_n and_o other_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o commodity_n conceal_v be_v only_o forfeit_v unless_o they_o be_v prohibit_v and_o unlawful_a good_n in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v the_o like_a and_o only_o the_o good_n conceal_v be_v forfeit_v and_o may_v be_v have_v again_o upon_o reasonable_a composition_n for_o the_o statute_n law_n give_v authority_n to_o the_o officer_n who_o make_v the_o seizure_n that_o upon_o licence_n sue_v forth_o to_o compound_v he_o may_v do_v it_o safe_o for_o his_o part_n which_o be_v the_o one_o moiety_n and_o for_o the_o other_o moiety_n which_o be_v the_o king_n merchant_n be_v gracious_o deal_v wichall_a by_o the_o judge_n or_o baron_n of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n deal_n abuse_v of_o favourable_a deal_n or_o other_o thereunto_o authorise_v insomuch_o that_o it_o have_v happen_v that_o some_o merchant_n rely_v upon_o this_o favourable_a deal_n have_v adventure_v to_o expose_v their_o commodity_n unto_o the_o forfeiture_n thereof_o be_v commodity_n which_o pay_v much_o custom_n and_o imposition_n as_o cambric_n lawn_n tobacco_n cutcheneale_n venice_n gold_n thread_n and_o other_o thing_n because_o they_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n assure_v to_o make_v composition_n under_o the_o sum_n which_o they_o be_v to_o pay_v for_o custom_n and_o imposition_n in_o france_n and_o germany_n be_v the_o like_a for_o conceal_a commodity_n which_o be_v not_o declare_v in_o the_o customhouse_n and_o jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o pearl_n be_v free_v of_o custom_n and_o so_o be_v it_o in_o england_n until_o of_o late_a year_n since_o the_o custom_n be_v take_v to_o farm_n and_o yet_o they_o pay_v but_o three_o pro_fw-la cent_n of_o the_o value_n of_o their_o appraisement_n etc._n strict_a order_n for_o custom_n at_o london_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v rate_v by_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o customhouse_n at_o london_n but_o if_o any_o merchant_n or_o jeweller_n bring_v over_o any_o jewel_n or_o precious_a stone_n and_o pearl_n he_o be_v to_o declare_v they_o to_o the_o officer_n or_o waiter_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o land_v otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v seize_v by_o water_n or_o land_n as_o forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n wherein_o more_o strict_a deal_n have_v be_v use_v of_o late_a since_o the_o king_n have_v let_v to_o farm_v his_o moiety_n of_o the_o seizure_n so_o that_o first_o of_o all_o the_o custom_n of_o conceal_a good_n must_v be_v pay_v before_o any_o composition_n be_v make_v next_o the_o composition_n be_v make_v then_o may_v the_o informer_n be_v agree_v withal_o and_o no_o commodity_n can_v be_v deliver_v upon_o security_n to_o the_o owner_n as_o former_o by_o the_o law_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v do_v but_o they_o must_v remain_v in_o some_o sufficient_a custody_n until_o the_o matter_n be_v try_v by_o law_n or_o compound_v by_o agreement_n but_o prohibit_v commodity_n as_o allome_n and_o other_o thing_n by_o letter_n patent_n and_o proclamation_n the_o possession_n may_v be_v have_v upon_o security_n to_o be_v give_v to_o answer_v the_o value_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o appraisement_n make_v of_o they_o and_o these_o commodity_n if_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n do_v not_o declare_v they_o upon_o his_o entry_n make_v in_o the_o customhouse_n upon_o his_o oath_n be_v also_o subject_a to_o the_o forfeiture_n although_o they_o come_v consign_v unto_o a_o merchant_n or_o factor_n unaware_o by_o another_o merchant_n that_o know_v not_o that_o such_o commodity_n be_v prohibit_v to_o be_v import_v the_o like_a be_v it_o for_o a_o merchant_n ship_v out_o unlawful_a ware_n but_o herein_o he_o may_v have_v intelligence_n by_o the_o customer_n before_o he_o do_v lay_v they_o upon_o the_o water_n to_o be_v ship_v again_o if_o a_o merchant_n carry_v money_n by_o water_n down_o to_o gravesend_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o bestow_v the_o same_o in_o bay_n at_o sandwich_n or_o in_o other_o commodity_n at_o canturburie_n he_o be_v first_o to_o declare_v the_o same_o in_o the_o searcher_n office_n or_o else_o the_o money_n be_v lose_v and_o three_o time_n the_o value_n upon_o information_n for_o no_o money_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o any_o foreign_a coin_n or_o plate_n bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v transport_v only_o for_o passenger_n expense_n some_o four_o or_o five_o pound_n may_v be_v carry_v out_o but_o for_o commodity_n bring_v in_o which_o have_v pay_v custom_n the_o same_o may_v be_v ship_v out_o again_o by_o cocket_a without_o pay_v any_o more_o custom_n and_o imposition_n so_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o good_a certificate_n that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o commodity_n and_o that_o the_o property_n thereof_o be_v not_o alter_v and_o this_o must_v be_v do_v within_o six_o month_n after_o their_o importation_n all_o merchant_n ship_n be_v lade_v tilburie-hope_a permit_v to_o break_v bulk_n at_o tilburie-hope_a have_v always_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n be_v permit_v to_o break_v bulk_n below_o or_o at_o tilburie-hope_a and_o to_o pay_v no_o custom_n but_o for_o the_o good_n they_o bring_v up_o or_o land_v in_o england_n and_o not_o for_o the_o good_n which_o they_o do_v transport_v in_o the_o say_a ship_n or_o in_o any_o other_o vessel_n or_o ship_n which_o privilege_n and_o certainty_n of_o merchant_n custom_n ought_v to_o be_v serious_o observe_v better_o than_o it_o have_v be_v of_o late_a and_o of_o this_o and_o other_o observation_n merchant_n and_o factor_n be_v to_o give_v notice_n to_o their_o friend_n and_o master_n to_o the_o end_n they_o do_v not_o incur_v any_o danger_n sight_n to_o enter_v good_n upon_o sight_n which_o to_o avoid_v in_o some_o sort_n be_v effect_v by_o enter_v the_o good_n upon_o sight_n of_o the_o customer_n view_v by_o open_v of_o they_o in_o barbary_n and_o other_o place_n where_o the_o custom_n be_v pay_v in_o kind_n or_o species_n if_o any_o part_n be_v conceal_v and_o not_o enter_v that_o only_o will_v be_v forfeit_v and_o yet_o the_o loss_n be_v great_a because_o they_o will_v make_v choice_n of_o the_o best_a as_o for_o example_n suppose_v a_o merchant_n do_v enter_v diverse_a sort_n of_o linnen-cloth_n and_o conceal_v some_o piece_n the_o officer_n will_v take_v both_o the_o ten_o piece_n for_o the_o custom_n and_o all_o the_o conceal_a piece_n of_o the_o best_a and_o fine_a sort_n to_o your_o exceed_a great_a loss_n in_o the_o low-countries_n and_o germany_n as_o also_o in_o most_o place_n of_o italy_n and_o turkey_n you_o shall_v only_o forfeit_v the_o good_n conceal_v and_o be_v permit_v to_o compound_v for_o they_o as_o you_o can_v agree_v wherein_o the_o circumstance_n in_o some_o place_n will_v be_v consider_v and_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o error_n grow_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v do_v with_o a_o set_a purpose_n there_o be_v also_o in_o diverse_a place_n allowance_n make_v as_o in_o england_n upon_o wine_n in_o regard_n of_o lecage_n of_o ten_o or_o fifteen_o upon_o the_o hundred_o or_o else_o all_o the_o butt_n and_o pipe_n be_v to_o be_v fill_v up_o imposition_n allowance_n make_v upon_o custom_n and_o imposition_n and_o so_o to_o pay_v according_o wherein_o the_o time_n of_o the_o voyage_n foul_a weather_n and_o other_o accident_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v to_o make_v your_o composition_n thereafter_o upon_o clothes_n to_o be_v ship_v out_o clothes_n allowance_n upon_o clothes_n there_o be_v allowance_n make_v of_o the_o ten_o cloth_n for_o a_o wrapper_n which_o pay_v no_o custom_n and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o woollen_a commodity_n which_o pay_v after_o the_o rate_n as_o three_o northeren_n kersey_n for_o a_o cloth_n four_o devonshire_n kersey_n two_o single_a dozen_o one_o double_a dozen_o six_o cardinal_n pin-whites_a statute_n stockbridges_n strait_n and_o tavistocke_n four_o cornish_n dozen_o pennystone_n unfrieze_v island_n dozen_o and_o northeren_n plain_n for_o one_o cloth_n two_o bridgewaters_n cornish_n and_o devonshire_n double_a dozen_o florentines_n northern_a dozen_o single_a and_o pennystone_n for_o a_o cloth_n to_o be_v understand_v for_o a_o short_a cloth_n colour_v or_o white_a of_o twenty_o and_o four_o yard_n long_o weigh_v 60_o will_v until_o 64_o will_v whereof_o english_a custom_n be_v a_o noble_a and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n
public_a servant_n a_o wager_n upon_o a_o son_n or_o a_o daughter_n to_o be_v bear_v be_v good_a in_o law_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o hermaphrodite_n of_o both_o sex_n than_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_a as_o the_o natural_a inclination_n shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v more_o masculine_a or_o feminine_a wager_n ambiguity_n or_o equivocation_n in_o wager_n and_o in_o all_o wager_n wherein_o ambiguity_n or_o equivocation_n do_v happen_v there_o must_v be_v a_o natural_a moderation_n in_o the_o construction_n of_o they_o for_o a_o evil_a custom_n lose_v her_o name_n and_o become_v usurpation_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v if_o any_o man_n by_o the_o inducement_n or_o fraud_n of_o a_o three_o person_n lie_v a_o wager_n that_o such_o a_o woman_n shall_v be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n when_o she_o be_v already_o deliver_v the_o wager_n be_v not_o to_o be_v allow_v and_o if_o the_o midwife_n be_v partaker_n herein_o they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v and_o incur_fw-la crimen_fw-la stellionatus_fw-la if_o one_o lay_v a_o wager_n to_o run_v with_o another_o and_o afterward_o do_v refuse_v to_o run_v he_o may_v be_v compel_v thereunto_o or_o the_o stake_n be_v lose_v for_o he_o commit_v no_o deceit_n which_o prevent_v a_o fraud_n the_o captation_n or_o advantage_n take_v upon_o word_n ought_v therefore_o to_o be_v exclude_v and_o wager_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o plain_a term_n and_o to_o be_v construe_v according_o fallere_fw-la fallentem_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la fraus_fw-la wager_n between_o merchant_n be_v many_o time_n more_o do_v for_o sport_n and_o recreation_n than_o for_o gain_v for_o over_o great_a wager_n be_v against_o good_a manner_n and_o may_v concern_v a_o merchant_n much_o in_o reputation_n and_o credit_n more_o than_o the_o play_n for_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o many_o time_n merchant_n do_v use_v with_o the_o observation_n of_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o as_o the_o proverb_n be_v with_o good_a fortune_n otherwise_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v dangerous_a for_o as_o nature_n produce_v all_o thing_n in_o due_a time_n so_o be_v moderation_n require_v in_o all_o action_n chap._n xxxviii_o of_o merchant_n mark_v set_v upon_o commodity_n the_o mark_v of_o merchant_n commodity_n either_o pack_v up_o in_o bundle_n truss_n case_n coffer_n or_o pack_n be_v of_o great_a importance_n for_o not_o only_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n but_o also_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o property_n of_o the_o good_n and_o merchandise_n be_v adjudge_v to_o he_o by_o who_o mark_n they_o be_v mark_v or_o seal_v it_o be_v dangerous_a therefore_o to_o use_v another_o man_n mark_n as_o many_o time_n merchant_n do_v in_o time_n of_o war_n when_o they_o lend_v their_o name_n and_o mark_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o good_n between_o two_o or_o more_o contend_v prince_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n every_o merchant_n be_v to_o set_v down_o his_o mark_n upon_o his_o book_n of_o account_n wherewith_o his_o commodity_n be_v mark_v account_n merchant_n mark_n to_o be_v set_v upon_o their_o book_n of_o account_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n if_o a_o company_n or_o society_n of_o merchant_n do_v agree_v upon_o a_o mark_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o book_n of_o that_o society_n and_o if_o that_o company_n do_v dissolve_v the_o say_a mark_n may_v remain_v with_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o that_o partnership_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n whereof_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o admiralty_n take_v notice_n in_o their_o judicature_n and_o especial_o the_o merchant_n court_n of_o consulate_a and_o if_o the_o mark_n of_o one_o of_o the_o partenership_n be_v use_v for_o all_o the_o same_o upon_o dissolution_n of_o that_o partenership_n be_v to_o return_v to_o the_o say_a party_n and_o no_o man_n be_v to_o use_v another_o merchant_n mark_n without_o especial_a leave_n have_v and_o obtain_v of_o the_o party_n who_o mark_n it_o be_v for_o even_o as_o merchant_n do_v sail_v between_o the_o two_o dangerous_a rock_n of_o scylla_n and_o charybdis_n in_o their_o course_n of_o traffic_n when_o prince_n be_v at_o variance_n so_o be_v the_o danger_n to_o use_v another_o merchant_n mark_n without_o leave_n because_o the_o party_n owner_n of_o the_o say_a mark_n be_v to_o defend_v the_o say_v good_n if_o they_o be_v take_v or_o to_o countenance_v the_o pursuer_n of_o the_o suit_n in_o law_n for_o they_o etc._n danger_n to_o use_v another_o man_n mark_n etc._n etc._n as_o far_o as_o they_o in_o reason_n may_v require_v otherwise_o the_o say_a good_n may_v be_v lose_v as_o soon_o as_o take_v for_o as_o ship_n be_v know_v by_o their_o flag_n and_o so_o take_v to_o be_v at_o the_o sea_n so_o be_v merchant_n good_n mark_v with_o another_o man_n mark_n to_o be_v that_o man_n good_n although_o it_o be_v not_o and_o will_v be_v so_o adjudge_v in_o the_o court_n of_o any_o admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n experience_n have_v prove_v the_o same_o by_o two_o notable_a example_n worthy_a the_o observation_n in_o the_o year_n 1586_o or_o thereabouts_o robert_n lord_n dudley_n earl_n of_o leicester_n be_v a_o adventurer_n for_o barbary_n where_o he_o send_v some_o commodity_n by_o way_n of_o commerce_n unto_o a_o certain_a factor_n that_o do_v deal_v for_o diverse_a other_o merchant_n there_o to_o be_v sell_v for_o his_o account_n and_o to_o make_v return_n unto_o he_o of_o the_o provenue_n thereof_o in_o sugar_n and_o other_o commodity_n the_o factor_n have_v sell_v some_o of_o the_o say_a good_n consider_v the_o number_n of_o man_n of_o war_n which_o be_v then_o at_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n think_v good_a that_o all_o the_o chest_n of_o sugar_n and_o other_o commodity_n which_o he_o send_v home_o to_o all_o his_o master_n in_o a_o certain_a ship_n staff_n the_o bear_n and_o ragged_a staff_n shall_v be_v mark_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n mark_n albeit_o the_o least_o part_n do_v appertain_v unto_o he_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o good_n be_v yet_o unsold_a in_o barbary_n the_o ship_n arrive_v within_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n no_o soon_o be_v the_o letter_n deliver_v but_o the_o earl_n lay_v claim_v to_o all_o the_o say_v good_n pretend_v the_o same_o to_o be_v his_o because_o of_o his_o mark_n hereupon_o the_o civilians_n be_v of_o his_o side_n for_o the_o point_n of_o law_n and_o the_o merchant_n be_v compel_v to_o make_v their_o best_a composition_n with_o he_o as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o the_o earl_n lose_v nothing_o thereby_o howsoever_o they_o speed_v in_o the_o year_n 1597_o one_o john_n the_o bassadonna_n the_o son_n of_o one_o of_o the_o magnifico_n of_o venice_n then_o resident_a in_o london_n have_v a_o certain_a ship_n which_o be_v freight_v for_o lixborne_n and_o so_o to_o go_v for_o venice_n according_a as_o the_o master_n thereof_o be_v bind_v by_o a_o charterpartie_n of_o fraightment_n and_o in_o both_o place_n to_o take_v in_o all_o such_o commodity_n and_o merchandise_n as_o the_o merchant_n shall_v lade_v or_o cause_v the_o say_a ship_n to_o be_v lade_v withal_o and_o to_o be_v discharge_v at_o venice_n with_o the_o usual_a condition_n of_o sea-lawe_n flag_n the_o venetian_a flag_n this_o ship_n bear_v the_o venetian_a flag_n of_o the_o lion_n of_o s._n mark_v be_v well_o receive_v and_o welcome_a at_o lixborn_n and_o every_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o lade_v therein_o his_o good_n for_o venice_n nevertheless_o some_o portugall_n consider_v the_o dangerous_a time_n of_o war_n do_v borrow_v the_o name_n of_o italian_n and_o their_o mark_n also_o and_o cause_v their_o good_n to_o be_v lade_v as_o appertain_v to_o the_o say_a italian_n and_o make_v the_o bill_n of_o lade_n and_o their_o letter_n according_o other_o portugal_n be_v not_o so_o provident_a but_o do_v lade_v their_o good_n in_o their_o own_o name_n whereupon_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v sure_a of_o the_o one_o and_o suspicious_a of_o the_o other_o resolve_v to_o come_v with_o all_o the_o say_v good_n first_o for_o england_n to_o take_v advice_n whether_o this_o be_v a_o lawful_a prize_n or_o not_o and_o be_v arrive_v at_o plymouth_n send_v up_o to_o know_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n their_o pleasure_n so_o the_o matter_n come_v in_o question_n with_o the_o say_a bassadonna_n and_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o admiralty_n and_o diverse_a civilians_n where_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o flag_n be_v much_o respect_v in_o regard_n of_o the_o seignory_n of_o venice_n as_o matter_n of_o state_n and_o the_o principal_a good_n lade_v and_o mark_v in_o the_o name_n of_o italian_n be_v adjudge_v clear_a by_o the_o law_n but_o the_o other_o good_n lade_v and_o mark_v with_o their_o own_o mark_n be_v take_v for_o good_a prize_n so_o
also_o provide_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o whosoever_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o have_v voluntary_o yield_v to_o any_o arrest_n or_o his_o body_n to_o prison_n and_o so_o remain_v in_o prison_n for_o and_o during_o the_o time_n of_o six_o month_n think_v by_o that_o imprisonment_n to_o free_v his_o good_n and_o to_o deceive_v his_o creditor_n against_o he_o may_v the_o say_a commission_n be_v sue_v forth_o and_o execute_v according_o for_o he_o be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o bankrupt_a according_a to_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o if_o the_o party_n be_v at_o liberty_n against_o who_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o bankrupt_a be_v take_v out_o the_o say_a commissioner_n may_v if_o they_o see_v cause_n commit_v he_o to_o prison_n and_o give_v he_o some_o allowance_n for_o his_o maintenance_n and_o of_o all_o their_o proceed_n there_o be_v a_o register_n appoint_v by_o his_o majesty_n letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o record_v the_o same_o until_o the_o lord_n chanceller_n do_v dissolve_v the_o say_a commission_n by_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la decoctor_n definition_n of_o the_o word_n decoctor_n the_o civilians_n be_v copious_a in_o the_o description_n of_o this_o argument_n and_o have_v attribute_v unto_o this_o kind_n of_o people_n the_o name_n of_o decoctor_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o word_n decoquâ—_n as_o it_o be_v to_o consume_v the_o substance_n of_o thing_n by_o decrease_n and_o evaporation_n of_o boil_v over_o the_o fire_n otherwise_o call_v disturber_n or_o consumer_n of_o other_o man_n good_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n nevertheless_o they_o do_v observe_v great_a distinction_n between_o these_o person_n as_o in_o the_o treatise_n de_fw-fr decoctoribus_fw-la make_v by_o benuenuto_n straccha_n appear_v and_o the_o definition_n of_o bankerupt_v be_v three_o manner_n of_o way_n distinguish_v first_o when_o a_o man_n become_v insoluent_a by_o lose_v his_o good_n and_o other_o man_n by_o fortune_n mischance_n and_o casualty_n which_o man_n be_v not_o take_v to_o be_v infamous_a by_o the_o law_n endeavour_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n as_o he_o can_v second_o when_o a_o man_n by_o waste_v spoil_v and_o vicious_o give_v consume_v his_o own_o and_o other_o man_n good_n and_o he_o by_o the_o law_n be_v infamous_a three_o when_o a_o man_n be_v decay_v partly_o by_o waste_v and_o spoil_v of_o his_o own_o and_o other_o man_n good_n and_o partly_o by_o misfortune_n and_o accident_n and_o this_o man_n be_v take_v to_o be_v infamous_a if_o he_o be_v vicious_a hereunto_o i_o may_v add_v the_o four_o and_o most_o vile_a person_n who_o enrich_v himself_o with_o other_o man_n good_n break_v without_o just_a cause_n and_o only_o of_o purpose_n to_o deceive_v man_n according_a to_o the_o aforesaid_a example_n of_o rouen_n albeit_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o say_v civilians_n have_v leave_v they_o out_o of_o the_o number_n to_o be_v criminal_o punish_v as_o thief_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o magistrate_n or_o prince_n authority_n as_o the_o banker_n of_o florence_n be_v who_o break_v for_o many_o million_o of_o ducat_n make_v a_o sudden_a and_o deceitful_a composition_n with_o his_o creditor_n for_o the_o one_o half_a and_o do_v pay_v they_o in_o ready_a money_n which_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o great_a duke_n he_o cause_v his_o process_n to_o be_v make_v instant_o and_o thereupon_o he_o be_v execute_v also_o according_o which_o be_v good_a justice_n and_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o not_o by_o the_o creditor_n bankrupt_n punishment_n of_o bankrupt_n as_o of_o late_a year_n one_o of_o genoa_n in_o italy_n do_v unto_o a_o debtor_n of_o he_o who_o he_o know_v go_v about_o to_o deceive_v he_o for_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n whereupon_o he_o cause_v a_o chair_n to_o be_v make_v and_o call_v the_o party_n to_o his_o house_n and_o entreat_v he_o to_o sit_v therein_o which_o be_v make_v with_o certain_a engine_n do_v sudden_o so_o gripe_v and_o clasp_v in_o his_o say_a debtor_n that_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o pay_v he_o or_o it_o may_v have_v cost_v he_o his_o life_n true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o russia_n a_o man_n have_v leave_v to_o beat_v or_o to_o have_v his_o debtor_n beat_v upon_o the_o hinder_a part_n of_o the_o leg_n if_o he_o can_v pay_v and_o therewith_o be_v he_o discharge_v which_o be_v not_o so_o cruel_a as_o to_o keep_v he_o always_o in_o prison_n and_o make_v he_o to_o endure_v a_o linger_a death_n wherein_o the_o undo_n of_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v make_v partaker_n unjust_o concern_v fraudulent_a dealer_n the_o law_n be_v that_o by_o make_v session_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v relieve_v and_o may_v be_v apprehend_v in_o the_o church_n whereas_o a_o freeman_n can_v be_v arrest_v or_o take_v in_o the_o church_n but_o may_v be_v unto_o he_o a_o place_n of_o refuge_n if_o he_o be_v find_v a_o fraudulent_a man_n by_o his_o book_n of_o account_n than_o any_o bargain_n or_o sale_n make_v two_o or_o three_o day_n before_o his_o break_n by_o good_n sell_v good_a cheap_a may_v be_v recall_v and_o avoid_v and_o in_o like_a manner_n if_o he_o pay_v one_o man_n after_o his_o break_n the_o same_o may_v be_v take_v to_o be_v do_v in_o fraud_n of_o all_o the_o other_o creditor_n and_o may_v be_v recall_v for_o the_o generality_n so_o good_n buy_v by_o he_o before_o break_v if_o they_o be_v find_v in_o esse_fw-la may_v be_v claim_v by_o the_o seller_n to_o his_o particular_a use_n and_o payment_n again_o all_o conjecture_n of_o fraud_n may_v be_v augment_v and_o aggravate_v against_o the_o fraudulent_a man_n according_a to_o the_o say_n semel_fw-la inventum_fw-la decies_fw-la factum_fw-la if_o any_o man_n do_v break_v in_o partnership_n the_o partnership_n be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la dissolve_v by_o law_n but_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o other_o remain_v pay_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o partnership_n also_o any_o commission_n give_v by_o he_o for_o the_o partnership_n be_v void_a instant_o howbeit_o if_o a_o factor_n by_o ignorance_n of_o his_o break_n have_v cause_v his_o commission_n to_o be_v follow_v that_o which_o be_v do_v do_v bind_v the_o master_n and_o shall_v excuse_v the_o factor_n debtor_n suspicious_a debtor_n a_o debtor_n suspect_v by_o other_o may_v be_v touch_v before_o money_n be_v due_a and_o the_o creditor_n may_v attach_v some_o of_o his_o good_n or_o pawn_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o write_v of_o latitat_fw-la out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n court_n may_v be_v serve_v upon_o they_o to_o find_v surety_n for_o their_o appearance_n at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o say_a court_n but_o the_o law_n in_o diverse_a country_n do_v very_o much_o differ_v in_o the_o proceed_n and_o execution_n of_o these_o fraudulent_a man_n suretyship_n a_o question_n for_o suretyship_n here_o arise_v a_o question_n whether_o a_o surety_n can_v pretend_v to_o be_v discharge_v if_o the_o creditor_n have_v make_v or_o agree_v with_o the_o principal_a for_o a_o long_a time_n of_o payment_n and_o the_o principal_a break_v the_o answer_n be_v that_o if_o he_o know_v of_o the_o new_a agreement_n of_o the_o say_a party_n for_o a_o long_a time_n he_o be_v liable_a thereunto_o otherwise_o be_v bind_v as_o a_o surety_n for_o a_o time_n limit_v he_o ought_v to_o be_v clear_v at_o that_o time_n or_o to_o make_v suit_n or_o demand_v to_o have_v his_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o principal_a as_o also_o of_o the_o surety_n which_o be_v neglect_v do_v in_o equity_n discharge_v the_o say_a surety_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o if_o the_o surety_n do_v break_v at_o or_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o payment_n the_o creditor_n may_v demand_v another_o surety_n in_o that_o man_n place_n which_o be_v break_v wherein_o the_o law_n be_v very_o indifferent_a and_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o diverse_a lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n for_o money_n take_v up_o at_o interest_n upon_o bond_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o when_o the_o say_v money_n be_v continue_v or_o prolong_v at_o interest_n the_o bond_n shall_v be_v renew_v and_o the_o counter-bond_n also_o and_o not_o to_o leave_v the_o old_a bond_n for_o many_o year_n to_o be_v uncancel_v for_o it_o do_v oftentimes_o happen_v upon_o occasion_n of_o absence_n of_o some_o of_o the_o party_n that_o a_o new_a bond_n be_v sometime_o seal_v and_o the_o old_a not_o take_v in_o which_o breed_v contention_n for_o the_o new_a bond_n be_v make_v the_o old_a be_v void_a and_o yet_o may_v be_v uncancel_v and_o also_o put_v in_o suit_n by_o some_o executor_n or_o administrator_n ignorant_a of_o the_o other_o new_a bond_n take_v for_o the_o same_o and_o pay_v long_o before_o albeit_o herein_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v more_o reason_n not_o to_o make_v new_a bond_n howsoever_o diligent_a
and_o many_o danger_n prevent_v and_o so_o every_o ship_n in_o every_o such_o voyage_n may_v gain_v quick_o one_o hundred_o pound_n that_o usual_o carry_v in_o she_o but_o twenty_o man_n more_o than_o now_o they_o do_v by_o leave_v of_o four_o man_n there_o of_o twenty_o and_o as_o the_o proportion_n before_o name_v hold_n for_o leave_v six_o man_n in_o newfoundland_n of_o thirty_o so_o the_o allow_v of_o man_n to_o be_v make_v proportionable_o from_o every_o ship_n plantation_n a_o easy_a way_n for_o plantation_n will_v soon_o raise_v many_o people_n to_o be_v settle_v in_o every_o harbour_n where_o our_o nation_n use_v to_o fish_n and_o in_o other_o harbour_n in_o other_o country_n in_o like_a manner_n some_o ship_n by_o this_o course_n may_v then_o quick_o gain_v two_o hundred_o pound_n and_o some_o 300_o will_v and_o more_o according_a to_o their_o greatness_n more_o than_o they_o do_v yearly_a now_o and_o those_o man_n so_o leave_v will_v manure_v land_n for_o corn_n see_v board_n and_o fit_a timber_n to_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o and_o search_v out_o for_o diverse_a commodity_n in_o the_o country_n which_o as_o yet_o lie_v undiscovered_a and_o by_o such_o mean_v the_o land_n will_v be_v in_o little_a time_n fit_o people_v with_o diverse_a poor_a handycraft_n man_n that_o may_v be_v so_o commodious_o carry_v thither_o with_o their_o wife_n and_o that_o no_o man_n else_o shall_v appropriate_v to_o himself_o any_o such_o certain_a place_n and_o commodity_n for_o his_o fish_n voyage_n except_o he_o will_v in_o such_o manner_n settle_v a_o five_o part_n of_o his_o company_n there_o to_o live_v and_o then_o such_o adventurer_n thither_o will_v careful_o provide_v yearly_a for_o such_o as_o they_o leave_v there_o not_o only_o for_o bread_n and_o victual_n but_o likewise_o for_o all_o necessary_a tool_n fit_a for_o any_o kind_n of_o husbandry_n and_o the_o charge_n thereof_o will_v yearly_a repay_v itself_o with_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o labour_n that_o 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aforesaid_a the_o place_n of_o these_o ship_n which_o by_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v preoccupy_v may_v be_v fill_v up_o yearly_a with_o good_a fish_n and_o many_o beneficial_a commodity_n and_o the_o man_n so_o leave_v in_o the_o country_n will_v not_o only_o be_v free_a from_o the_o peril_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o not_o return_v yearly_a but_o will_v live_v there_o very_o pleasant_o and_o if_o they_o be_v industrious_a people_n gain_v twice_o as_o much_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o ship_n more_o than_o twelve_o man_n shall_v be_v able_a to_o benefit_v their_o master_n that_o be_v keep_v upon_o farm_n newfoundland_n the_o fertility_n of_o newfoundland_n and_o that_o yearly_a for_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v admirable_a replenish_v with_o several_a wholesome_a fruit_n herb_n flower_n and_o corn_n yield_v great_a increase_n the_o store_n of_o deer_n of_o land-fowle_a and_o waterfowl_a be_v rare_a and_o of_o great_a consequence_n as_o also_o many_o sort_n of_o timber_n there_o grow_v with_o great_a hope_n of_o mine_n and_o make_v of_o iron_n and_o pitch_n fur_n may_v be_v procure_v not_o only_o by_o take_v the_o beast_n but_o by_o settle_v in_o process_n of_o time_n a_o traffic_n with_o the_o savage_n for_o their_o fur_n of_o beaver_n martin_n seale_n otter_n &_o many_o other_o thing_n final_o the_o rock_n and_o mountain_n be_v good_a for_o seed_n root_n and_o vine_n and_o the_o climate_n be_v temperate_a see_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o lie_v above_o three_o degree_n near_o to_o the_o south_n than_o any_o part_n of_o england_n do_v which_o have_v also_o move_v i_o to_o write_v the_o say_a commendation_n of_o newfoundland_n by_o the_o affirmation_n make_v unto_o i_o by_o the_o say_a captain_n to_o the_o end_n all_o merchant_n may_v further_o this_o intend_a plantation_n whereby_o the_o fish_n trade_n may_v be_v much_o advance_v and_o the_o fish_n itself_o become_v more_o vendible_a which_o shall_v be_v prepare_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o person_n to_o be_v leave_v there_o for_o it_o be_v well_o approve_a by_o all_o those_o that_o yearly_a fish_n for_o herring_n fish_n salt_n boil_a to_o preserve_v fish_n cod_n and_o ling_n that_o salt_n orderly_o boil_a do_v much_o better_o preserve_v fish_n and_o keep_v more_o delightfull_a in_o taste_n and_o better_a for_o man_n body_n than_o that_o fish_n which_o be_v preserve_v with_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o salt_n as_o in_o now_o do_v for_o want_n of_o convenient_a house_n to_o boil_v &_o prepare_v the_o same_o yet_o may_v be_v do_v by_o the_o say_a plantation_n but_o this_o be_v a_o matter_n depend_v thereupon_o i_o be_o now_o to_o entreat_v of_o the_o fish_n trade_n more_o in_o particular_a in_o the_o next_o chapter_n end_v thus_o concern_v plantation_n whereby_o prince_n dominion_n be_v enlarge_v for_o their_o honour_n and_o benefit_n also_o chap._n xlvii_o of_o the_o fish_n trade_n some_o man_n may_v wonder_v and_o not_o without_o just_a cause_n that_o this_o most_o important_a argument_n of_o fish_v have_v not_o be_v handle_v hitherto_o but_o in_o truth_n my_o meaning_n be_v not_o to_o have_v touch_v the_o same_o because_o of_o the_o neglect_n of_o it_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n where_o the_o same_o be_v abandon_v unto_o other_o nation_n howbeit_o upon_o better_a consideration_n call_v many_o thing_n to_o mind_n i_o find_v that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a error_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o same_o with_o silence_n and_o to_o omit_v the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n therein_o as_o the_o fundamental_a cause_n of_o the_o traffic_n and_o trade_n of_o diverse_a nation_n who_o great_a wealth_n have_v proceed_v from_o the_o same_o for_o it_o have_v please_v almighty_a god_n to_o extend_v his_o blessing_n herein_o more_o than_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n create_v for_o when_o god_n say_v to_o the_o earth_n let_v it_o bring_v forth_o tree_n and_o plant_n â—_o gen._n 1.2_o c._n 22_o â—_o and_o for_o fowl_n create_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n let_v the_o fowl_n fly_v in_o the_o open_a firmament_n and_o of_o cattle_n let_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o the_o live_a thing_n according_a to_o his_o kind_n he_o say_v of_o fish_n in_o a_o peculiar_a phrase_n let_v the_o water_n bring_v forth_o in_o abundance_n every_o thing_n that_o have_v life_n and_o will_v they_o to_o increase_v and_o multiply_v and_o to_o fill_v the_o water_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o prophet_n david_n be_v ravish_v with_o admiration_n say_v o_o lord_n how_o manifold_a be_v thy_o work_n 104._o psal._n 104._o in_o wisdom_n have_v thou_o make_v they_o all_o and_o the_o earth_n be_v full_a of_o thy_o riches_n so_o be_v the_o great_a and_o wide_a sea_n also_o wherein_o be_v thing_n creep_v innumerable_a both_o small_a and_o great_a beast_n the_o earth_n be_v full_a but_o in_o the_o sea_n be_v innumerable_a of_o the_o beast_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o learned_a have_v observe_v other_o scaliger_n bodin_n caâ—dan_n and_o other_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o 120_o several_a kind_n and_o not_o much_o more_o of_o the_o fowlâ—s_n of_o the_o air_n but_o no_o man_n can_v reckon_v the_o several_a kind_n of_o the_o creature_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o can_v number_v any_o one_o kind_n this_o aught_o to_o stir_v we_o up_o to_o establish_v the_o fish_n trade_n especial_o for_o herring_n cod_n and_o ling_n which_o take_v his_o original_n from_o we_o for_o it_o be_v not_o much_o above_o one_o hundred_o year_n since_o that_o one_o violet_n stephens_n trade_n original_a of_o the_o fish_n trade_n and_o other_o discontent_a fishmonger_n depart_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o go_v into_o holland_n to_o the_o town_n of_o enchusen_n where_o they_o procure_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o fish_n for_o they_o in_o the_o sea_n stream_n and_o dominion_n of_o great_a britain_n which_o inhabitant_n
other_o have_v mean_n more_o than_o sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o trade_n consider_v the_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n deliver_v at_o interest_n although_o the_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la be_v want_v which_o by_o these_o mean_n will_v be_v supply_v and_o concern_v the_o privilege_n grant_v to_o several_a society_n it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o reconcile_v they_o by_o good_a order_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o fish_n trade_n wherein_o all_o man_n of_o several_a company_n may_v participate_v and_o the_o general_a good_a be_v always_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o particular_a and_o that_o society_n which_o be_v against_o the_o common_a good_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v or_o continue_v for_o any_o private_a respect_n answer_n answer_n to_o the_o second_o objection_n that_o other_o nation_n be_v more_o painful_a and_o industrious_a and_o have_v more_o skill_n in_o the_o cut_n salt_a and_o pack_v of_o fish_n and_o pay_v no_o freight_n for_o the_o transportation_n of_o their_o fish_n suppose_v it_o be_v so_o as_o you_o say_v for_o the_o present_a yet_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v amend_v by_o use_n and_o custom_n see_v our_o people_n can_v endure_v all_o climate_n and_o hardiness_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o by_o good_a order_n and_o gain_n may_v be_v allure_v to_o undertake_v labour_n and_o pain_n when_o want_n breed_v industry_n and_o gain_n be_v like_o a_o second_o life_n the_o manage_n to_o make_v fish_n more_o merchantable_a and_o vendible_a may_v be_v learn_v of_o other_o in_o time_n and_o for_o wage_n man_n will_v be_v procure_v that_o shall_v teach_v other_o we_o know_v that_o the_o proverb_n be_v true_a omne_fw-la principium_fw-la grave_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o freight_n of_o ship_v which_o in_o process_n of_o time_n may_v be_v have_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n if_o the_o coast_n town_n of_o england_n be_v make_v and_o appropriate_v to_o be_v the_o warehouse_n or_o megasin_n for_o the_o gross_a commodity_n of_o those_o country_n where_o the_o herring_n be_v sell_v for_o the_o situation_n of_o england_n be_v far_o more_o commodious_a to_o send_v away_o the_o say_a commodity_n for_o all_o other_o country_n and_o in_o diverse_a place_n at_o all_o time_n and_o season_n of_o the_o year_n when_o their_o country_n be_v freeze_v for_o many_o month_n together_o or_o want_v many_o time_n wind_n and_o weather_n to_o perform_v their_o voyage_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o hamburger_n can_v not_o convenient_o continue_v their_o fish_n trade_n as_o be_v allege_v have_v answer_v sufficient_o as_o i_o hope_v the_o two_o main_a objection_n against_o the_o fish_n trade_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v the_o benefit_n of_o it_o by_o the_o calculation_n make_v by_o the_o say_a gentleman_n now_o to_o show_v true_o say_v he_o what_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o buss_n will_v be_v with_o all_o her_o furniture_n as_o mast_n buss_n the_o whole_a charge_n of_o a_o buss_n sail_n anchor_n cable_n 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0_o the_o charge_n deduct_v 335_o 0_o 0_o get_v 665_o 0_o 0_o here_o say_v he_o plain_o appear_v buss_n the_o profit_n of_o one_o buss_n that_o there_o be_v get_v 665_o pound_n in_o one_o summer_n whereof_o if_o that_o you_o do_v deduct_v one_o hundred_o pound_n for_o the_o wear_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o the_o reparation_n of_o her_o net_n against_o the_o next_o summer_n yet_o still_o there_o be_v 565_o will_v remain_v for_o clear_a gain_n by_o one_o bâ—sse_n in_o one_o year_n rate_v the_o herring_n sell_v but_o at_o ten_o pound_n the_o last_o which_o be_v common_o sell_v by_o the_o hollander_n at_o dansk_a for_o fifteen_o and_o twenty_o pound_n the_o charge_n of_o a_o pink_n of_o eighteen_o or_o twenty_o last_o pink_n of_o â—_o pink_n make_v fifteen_o last_v of_o barrel_n fish_n he_o account_v according_o to_o cost_v 260_o will_v and_o the_o provision_n and_o wage_n to_o be_v for_o two_o month_n 57_o will_v and_o the_o last_o sell_v at_o 14_o will_v 8_o ss_z or_o 24_o ss_z the_o 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with_o two_o principal_a pillar_n which_o be_v with_o plenty_n of_o coin_n bring_v in_o for_o fish_n and_o herring_n from_o foreign_a nation_n and_o also_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o mariner_n against_o all_o foreign_a invasion_n and_o for_o the_o better_n of_o trade_n and_o set_v of_o thousand_o of_o poor_a and_o idle_a people_n on_o work_n but_o now_o return_v to_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o fish_v wherein_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o albeit_o hunt_v hawk_v and_o fish_v be_v of_o one_o kind_n as_o subject_a to_o a_o like_a law_n and_o liberty_n because_o that_o any_o wild_a beast_n foul_a or_o fish_n be_v once_o take_v by_o any_o man_n common_o it_o become_v his_o own_o proper_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o these_o three_o and_o although_o hunt_v and_o hawk_v be_v almost_o every_o where_o lawful_a yet_o fish_v be_v forbid_v in_o other_o man_n pond_n stanke_n and_o lake_n as_o comparable_a unto_o theft_n statute_n law_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n concern_v fish_v the_o several_a statute_n of_o these_o kingdom_n have_v establish_v good_a order_n concern_v the_o fish_n trade_n whereunto_o relation_n may_v be_v have_v contain_v in_o substance_n the_o ordinance_n to_o build_v ship_n and_o boat_n and_o appoint_v of_o certain_a time_n for_o fish_v and_o then_o only_o to_o fish_n upon_o pain_n not_o only_o of_o forfeiture_n and_o fine_n but_o death_n also_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o offence_n make_v and_o contempt_n of_o those_o decree_n and_o ordinance_n prohibit_v for_o the_o increase_n of_o fish_n the_o make_v set_v and_o use_v of_o crow_n yarre_n dam_n ditch_n tramlet_n parking_n dyke_n in_o any_o water_n where_o the_o sea_n ebb_v and_o flow_v and_o albeit_o some_o be_v permit_v to_o lay_v net_n and_o to_o make_v wear_v yet_o must_v he_o keep_v the_o saturdays_n slop_n that_o be_v to_o lift_v the_o same_o from_o saturday_n in_o the_o afternoon_n until_o monday_n and_o he_o be_v to_o make_v each_o space_n or_o mesh_n of_o his_o net_n three_o ynche_n wide_a except_o for_o take_v of_o smelt_n and_o other_o fish_n which_o will_v never_o be_v big_a and_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o water_n that_o the_o midstreame_a may_v have_v the_o space_n of_o six_o foot_n wide_a upon_o pain_n of_o five_o pound_n fisher_n the_o privilege_n of_o fisher_n and_o concern_v the_o fisher_n safety_n and_o privilege_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o all_o ship_n sail_v to_o catch_v herring_n shall_v during_o the_o take_n of_o they_o let_v down_o sail_v after_o daylight_n be_v past_a and_o let_v their_o anchor_n fall_v and_o keep_v watch_n with_o lantern_n and_o light_n until_o the_o day_n light_n appear_v lest_o otherwise_o the_o poor_a fisher_n shall_v be_v
that_o our_o iron_n be_v best_a for_o the_o cast_n of_o ordnance_n and_o that_o the_o sweaden_a cast_a iron_n piece_n be_v brittle_a and_o common_o one_o in_o seven_o will_v not_o abide_v the_o trial_n and_o of_o late_a the_o break_a piece_n of_o we_o be_v make_v serviceable_a for_o iron_n in_o bar_n to_o be_v cast_v again_o mine_n quicksilver_n mine_n mercury_n or_o quicksilver_n natural_a be_v not_o yet_o find_v in_o england_n but_o only_o in_o germany_n in_o very_o cold_a place_n and_o within_o these_o thirty_o year_n there_o be_v two_o mine_n of_o quicksilver_n discover_v in_o the_o west-indies_n which_o be_v a_o help_n to_o the_o quantity_n which_o they_o yearly_a buy_v to_o refine_v their_o silver_n mine_n brimstone_n sulphur_n mine_n or_o brimstone_n sulphur_n or_o brimstone_n be_v find_v in_o diverse_a country_n can_v be_v better_a than_o we_o have_v in_o some_o mountain_n in_o wales_n from_o whence_o i_o have_v have_v diverse_a sort_n of_o sulphur_n earth_n or_o i_o very_o rich_a some_o there_o be_v also_o in_o blackamoor_n and_o basedale_n in_o yorkâ—shire_n as_o also_o many_o other_o mineral_n which_o my_o workman_n do_v show_v i_o sort_n mineral_n of_o diverse_a sort_n as_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la oacre_n red_a and_o yellow_a bowl_n armoniacke_n tera_n d'_fw-fr vmbra_fw-la antimony_n salniter_n black_a lead_n vitriol_n to_o be_v make_v of_o copporas_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v make_v of_o metal_n nor_o of_o saltpetre_n which_o be_v plentiful_a earth_n allome_n be_v make_v oâ—_n stone_n slate_n and_o earth_n and_o now_o i_o can_v omit_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o allome_n whereof_o in_o many_o country_n great_a store_n be_v make_v but_o the_o best_a be_v at_o ciuâ—ta_n vecchia_n in_o italy_n call_v romish_a allome_n make_v with_o small_a charge_n out_o of_o a_o kind_n of_o stone_n which_o yield_v above_o the_o one_o half_a of_o allome_n without_o use_v any_o urine_n or_o saltish_a mixture_n as_o they_o do_v in_o germany_n where_o they_o have_v both_o red_a and_o white_a allome_n at_o reasonable_a rate_n so_o they_o have_v in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o strait_n at_o constantinople_n carthagena_n and_o other_o place_n sweaden_a and_o poland_n be_v not_o without_o it_o in_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n great_a quantity_n can_v be_v make_v have_v not_o england_n undertake_v so_o much_o whereof_o i_o have_v set_v down_o the_o original_n progress_n and_o continuance_n concern_v those_o work_n at_o large_a the_o substance_n whereof_o follow_v in_o brief_a queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n do_v in_o the_o sixth_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n grant_v by_o letter_n patent_n unto_o one_o cornelius_n de_fw-fr vos_fw-fr the_o sole_a make_n of_o copperas_n and_o allome_n within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o be_v assign_v by_o he_o to_o james_n lord_n mountioy_n and_o be_v renew_v for_o twenty_o one_o year_n be_v confirm_v unto_o he_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o one_o master_n lane_n his_o workemaster_n make_v great_a quantity_n of_o copperas_n in_o dorsetshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o purbeke_n and_o some_o allome_n and_o copperas_n be_v then_o sell_v at_o 30_o will_v the_o tun_n now_o under_o three_o pound_n afterward_o about_o the_o year_n 1604_o one_o master_n atherton_n begin_v to_o practice_v the_o make_n of_o allome_n in_o yorkshire_n about_o gisborough_n with_o who_o one_o master_n bourchier_n now_o sir_n john_n bourchier_n knight_n do_v join_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o some_o perfection_n in_o hope_n whereof_o and_o at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o say_a sir_n john_n the_o king_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v certain_a conditional_a letter_n patent_n to_o the_o lord_n sheffield_n precedent_n of_o the_o north_n sir_n thomas_n challoner_n sir_n david_n fowl_n knight_n and_o the_o say_a master_n bourchier_n for_o twenty_o one_o year_n for_o the_o sole_a make_n of_o allome_n in_o yorkshire_n only_o where_o in_o building_n of_o seven_o house_n and_o the_o utensill_n for_o work_v and_o charge_n moores_n above_o blackâ—_n moores_n with_o other_o extraordinary_n they_o be_v out_o of_o purse_n in_o two_o year_n some_o 33_o thousand_o pound_n and_o can_v proceed_v no_o further_o without_o bring_v in_o new_a man_n for_o some_o of_o the_o other_o give_v over_o in_o time_n and_o will_v proceed_v no_o further_o although_o the_o german_n be_v now_o come_v which_o they_o have_v send_v for_o wight_n there_o be_v rich_a allome_n mine_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n hereupon_o other_o letter_n patent_n be_v obtain_v for_o thirty_o one_o year_n for_o all_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n without_o condition_n and_o then_o they_o be_v out_o above_o 40_o thousand_o pound_n and_o no_o allome_n make_v to_o benefit_n although_o the_o price_n be_v raise_v at_o a_o certainty_n and_o all_o foreign_a allome_n prohibit_v to_o come_v in_o and_o his_o majesty_n have_v be_v please_v to_o enter_v into_o the_o say_a work_n and_o lay_v out_o so_o many_o thousand_o pound_n as_o be_v not_o fit_v to_o be_v express_v thus_o by_o overcharge_v the_o â—_z in_o the_o beginning_n be_v good_a business_n overthrow_v many_o be_v the_o particular_n which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o write_v concern_v these_o work_n but_o leave_v this_o i_o wish_v good_a success_n therein_o for_o there_o be_v allome_n earth_n enough_o to_o continue_v for_o ever_o and_o in_o place_n westward_n as_o good_a and_o better_a than_o any_o in_o yorkshire_n now_o from_o the_o mine_n of_o gold_n be_v fall_v to_o allome_n and_o copperas_n let_v we_o end_v with_o the_o coal_n pit_n or_o coal_n mine_n mine_n coale_n mine_n whereof_o they_o make_v more_o account_n in_o the_o north_n than_o of_o lead_n mine_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v abundant_a more_o than_o in_o any_o country_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o germany_n about_o acon_n and_o collogne_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o sea-coal_n but_o it_o do_v not_o cake_n as_o our_o coal_n they_o melt_v great_a quantity_n of_o iron_n stone_n with_o it_o be_v like_a unto_o the_o coal_n in_o nottinghamshire_n or_o thereabouts_o which_o flame_v more_o like_a unto_o the_o scot_n coal_n to_o know_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o our_o coal_n i_o have_v note_v in_o the_o four_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o part_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n and_o now_o i_o be_o to_o show_v how_o mine_n may_v be_v wrought_v to_o benefit_n and_o profit_n for_o the_o good_a of_o merchant_n and_o other_o chap._n four_o of_o the_o profitable_a work_n of_o mine_n philip_n the_o second_o late_a king_n of_o spain_n perceive_v that_o many_o blind_a bayard_n be_v overbold_a to_o undertake_v the_o work_n of_o his_o mine_n of_o silver_n in_o the_o west-indies_n and_o yet_o consider_v on_o the_o one_o side_n that_o without_o authority_n and_o privilege_n they_o can_v not_o be_v encourage_v thereunto_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n have_v obtain_v the_o same_o for_o certain_a allot_v ground_n unto_o they_o they_o do_v hinder_v other_o man_n and_o themselves_o proceed_v not_o do_v very_o advise_o make_v all_o his_o letter_n patent_n as_o we_o call_v they_o conditional_a with_o a_o proviso_n mine_n a_o good_a proviso_n in_o lettet_n patent_n for_o mine_n that_o if_o the_o patentee_n do_v not_o proceed_v in_o the_o work_n or_o discontinue_v the_o work_n for_o two_o year_n the_o patent_n be_v void_a of_o course_n and_o upon_o certificate_n make_v of_o it_o the_o king_n make_v new_a grant_n unto_o other_o if_o our_o king_n be_v please_v to_o do_v so_o many_o grant_n or_o lease_n make_v by_o the_o company_n of_o the_o mine_n royal_a will_v be_v make_v void_a and_o other_o man_n will_v be_v encourage_v to_o try_v their_o fortune_n upon_o they_o the_o next_o consideration_n concern_v mine_n mettaline_a and_o mineral_n be_v that_o the_o work_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v not_o choke_v or_o suffocate_v with_o extreme_a charge_n and_o expense_n which_o do_v discourage_v the_o undertaker_n and_o all_o other_o whereby_o the_o work_n be_v give_v over_o or_o mean_n be_v devise_v to_o charge_n prince_n coffer_n with_o they_o for_o it_o be_v true_a that_o thing_n do_v prosper_v best_a when_o they_o be_v underprop_a by_o authority_n itself_o which_o to_o do_v in_o the_o beginning_n be_v more_o profitable_a than_o when_o the_o charge_n and_o expense_n have_v overburthen_v they_o for_o prevention_n whereof_o i_o make_v a_o contract_n for_o the_o lead_v mine_n in_o the_o north_n part_n which_o be_v imitate_v shall_v cut_v off_o all_o such_o charge_n as_o common_o the_o party_n do_v run_v into_o in_o the_o work_n of_o mine_n upon_o the_o conceit_a benefit_n which_o draw_v more_o violent_o than_o the_o adamant_n stone_n for_o as_o the_o portugal_n antonio_n diaz_n tell_v the_o king_n todo_fw-es los_fw-es mineros_fw-es son_fw-it ricos_fw-la porque_fw-es quando_fw-la no_o
so_o many_o million_o of_o copper_n money_n in_o four_o and_o eight_o maluedy_n and_o otherwise_o and_o in_o portugal_n of_o vintenis_fw-la patacois_n of_o so_o many_o reas_n that_o the_o half_a ryall_n which_o be_v our_o three_o penny_n be_v only_o of_o silver_n and_o all_o money_n under_o it_o be_v mere_a copper_n without_o any_o mixture_n of_o silver_n this_o quantity_n be_v almost_o incredible_a for_o it_o be_v not_o many_o year_n since_o during_o the_o king_n reign_n of_o philip_n the_o three_o that_o certain_a italian_n find_v fault_n that_o his_o octavos_fw-la and_o quartillos_n be_v too_o big_a give_v the_o king_n six_o million_o of_o ducat_n to_o coin_v they_o at_o half_a the_o weight_n within_o a_o time_n limit_v and_o as_o many_o as_o they_o can_v utter_v within_o that_o time_n necessitas_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la legem_fw-la be_v true_a in_o some_o respect_n the_o venetian_n also_o coin_v mere_a copper_n money_n venetian_n copper_n money_n of_o the_o venetian_n they_o have_v sessini_fw-la which_z be_v value_v at_o two_o quatrini_fw-la and_o three_o quatrini_fw-la be_v one_o half_a penny_n sterling_a for_o six_o quatrini_fw-la be_v one_o penny_n bagatini_fw-la they_o have_v also_o whereof_o four_o make_v one_o quatrini_fw-la and_o twenty_o and_o four_o bagatini_fw-la make_v one_o penny_n sterling_a by_o calculation_n in_o france_n they_o have_v mailles_n petit_fw-fr deniers_fw-fr deniers_fw-fr double_v france_n of_o france_n and_o liart_n &_o in_o time_n past_a most_o of_o these_o have_v some_o silver_n in_o they_o but_o upon_o due_a consideration_n that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o silver_n waste_v because_o the_o charge_n of_o refine_n do_v surmount_v the_o value_n and_o that_o these_o money_n do_v serve_v for_o the_o commutation_n of_o petty_a thing_n and_o trifle_n they_o have_v save_v that_o silver_n germany_n of_o germany_n the_o like_a they_o have_v do_v of_o all_o the_o small_a money_n in_o germany_n but_o they_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v alkime_v like_o silver_n which_o be_v do_v with_o tin_n and_o sal_fw-la armoniake_n after_o they_o be_v coin_a which_o hold_v fair_a for_o a_o long_a time_n than_o the_o money_n of_o silver_n allay_v with_o much_o copper_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n incorporate_v with_o the_o copper_n and_o take_v away_o the_o smell_n of_o it_o such_o be_v their_o heller_n alb_n hallincke_n and_o the_o like_a small_a copper_n money_n low-countries_n of_o the_o low-countries_n in_o the_o low-countries_n they_o have_v duyt_n mite_n negemancken_n ortkens_n whereof_o four_o make_v a_o styver_n and_o five_o styver_n make_v six_o penny_n which_o we_o may_v well_o call_v a_o styver_n for_o a_o penny_n sterling_a eight_o negemancken_n and_o twenty_o and_o four_o mite_n for_o one_o penny_n also_o in_o some_o place_n as_o in_o flanders_n the_o mite_n be_v call_v corte_n and_o in_o the_o wallone_n country_n engcuni_fw-la and_o in_o other_o place_n point_v pite_n poot_n be_v all_o subdivision_n of_o obolus_fw-la or_o the_o half_a penny_n government_n of_o many_o other_o kingdom_n and_o state_n government_n in_o bohemia_n poland_n sweaden_a denmark_n east-land_n and_o many_o other_o kingdom_n and_o state_n they_o have_v mere_a copper_n money_n tedious_a to_o describe_v likewise_o in_o italy_n in_o their_o several_a principality_n and_o dukedom_n scotland_n of_o scotland_n in_o scotland_n they_o have_v turnoner_n and_o penny_n and_o half_a penny_n in_o their_o name_n and_o much_o base_a money_n of_o achison_n plackx_n baby_n nonsuit_v ireland_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o like_a in_o ireland_n they_o have_v in_o queen_n elizabeth_n her_o time_n half_a penny_n and_o penny_n of_o copper_n which_o be_v most_o of_o they_o lose_v and_o consume_v the_o necessity_n of_o these_o small_a money_n do_v appear_v here_o with_o we_o in_o england_n where_o every_o chandler_n tapster_n vintner_n and_o other_o make_v token_n of_o lead_n and_o brass_n for_o halfe-pence_n and_o at_o bristol_n by_o the_o late_a queen_n authority_n england_n farthing_n token_n in_o england_n be_v make_v of_o copper_n with_o a_o ship_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o c.b._n on_o the_o other_o side_n signify_v civitas_fw-la bristol_n these_o go_v currant_n for_o small_a thing_n at_o bristol_n and_o ten_o mile_n about_o hereupon_o it_o please_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o k._n to_o approve_v of_o the_o make_n of_o a_o competent_a quantity_n of_o farthing_n token_n to_o abolish_v the_o say_v leaden_a token_n make_v in_o derogation_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n royal_a which_o farthing_n token_n be_v make_v by_o engine_n of_o mere_a copper_n in_o the_o year_n 1613_o with_o certain_a caution_n and_o limitation_n have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n two_o sceptre_n cross_v under_o one_o diadem_n in_o remembrance_n of_o the_o union_n between_o england_n and_o scotland_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o harp_n for_o ireland_n and_o the_o inscription_n of_o jacobus_n d.g._n magnae_fw-la britt_n fra._n &_o hiber_n rex_fw-la 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also_o transport_v in_o the_o return_n of_o corn_n whereby_o custom_n do_v also_o augment_v the_o box_n for_o money_n be_v keep_v under_o three_o several_a key_n or_o lock_n by_o the_o warden_n mintmaster_n and_o comptroller_n wherein_o the_o warden_n take_v of_o every_o journey_n of_o work_n one_o two_o or_o more_o piece_n according_a to_o his_o instruction_n to_o make_v the_o last_o trial_n by_o before_o the_o lord_n or_o estate_n the_o mint-master_n have_v some_o remedy_n allow_v they_o for_o the_o make_n of_o money_n either_o for_o be_v too_o feeble_a and_o under_o the_o standard_n mint-master_n remedy_n for_o mint-master_n or_o for_o be_v better_a and_o above_o standard_n and_o hereupon_o they_o always_o work_v by_o commix_v it_o according_o whereof_o they_o have_v a_o absolute_a power_n wherewith_o neither_o the_o warden_n nor_o the_o comptroller_n be_v to_o meddle_v for_o prince_n and_o state_n will_v not_o be_v upon_o uncertainty_n with_o the_o mintmaster_n for_o he_o must_v 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half_o a_o part_n of_o allome_n calcine_v and_o distil_v as_o the_o manner_n be_v but_o for_o gold_n they_o use_v aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la regis_fw-la aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la which_o have_v the_o same_o proportion_n as_o abovesaid_a but_o there_o be_v one_o four_o of_o a_o part_n of_o sall_n armoniake_n add_v thereunto_o and_o upon_o their_o trial_n they_o use_v to_o report_v half_o a_o grain_n for_o the_o master_n benefit_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o grain_n where_o fraction_n be_v not_o use_v in_o cipher_n especial_o with_o we_o for_o there_o be_v for_o silver_n nothing_o report_v above_o twelve_o grain_n which_o be_v the_o half_a penny_n weight_n which_o be_v do_v to_o have_v the_o account_n clear_a and_o withal_o there_o be_v no_o bullion_n receive_v in_o the_o mint_n under_o nine_o ounce_n fine_a bullion_n base_a bullion_n whereas_o beyond_o the_o sea_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o base_a it_o be_v receive_v and_o the_o rule_n for_o calculation_n be_v easy_a and_o brief_a 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fire_n &_o it_o take_v away_o the_o eagrenesse_n of_o brass_n even_o as_o a_o hot_a brown_a loaf_n of_o bread_n cut_v asunder_o and_o clap_v over_o the_o bom-hole_n of_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n taste_v of_o the_o cask_n will_v cure_v the_o same_o of_o his_o foul_a taste_n goldsmith_n be_v appoint_v to_o work_v gold_n of_o twenty_o two_o carrat_n fine_a but_o the_o trial_n be_v make_v by_o the_o touchstone_n only_o touchstone_n trial_o of_o the_o touchstone_n with_o a_o observation_n of_o the_o rubbing-stroke_n upon_o it_o to_o be_v alike_o and_o of_o the_o same_o strength_n which_o be_v worthy_a the_o observation_n for_o otherwise_o you_o can_v give_v no_o true_a judgement_n there_o be_v also_o a_o easy_a scale_n of_o gold_n to_o be_v make_v to_o fall_v from_o the_o silver_n as_o it_o be_v lay_v on_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o quicksilver_n coin_n to_o take_v the_o figure_n of_o coin_n to_o take_v the_o figure_n or_o print_v of_o a_o piece_n of_o coin_n take_v lampblacke_a and_o 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what_o 36_o carrat_n fine_a be_v and_o that_o one_o mark_v and_o a_o half_o be_v take_v to_o the_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n they_o have_v do_v the_o like_a for_o finesse_n and_o unaduised_o term_v gold_n thirty_o and_o six_o carrat_n fine_a which_o be_v exorbitant_a of_o the_o general_a observation_n touch_v the_o several_a standard_n of_o money_n in_o other_o country_n as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o the_o content_n of_o the_o say_a declaration_n whereby_o a_o man_n shall_v many_o time_n receive_v coin_n of_o above_o twenty_o standard_n in_o one_o hundred_o pound_n it_o be_v the_o only_a fallacy_n in_o exchange_n that_o can_v be_v whereby_o no_o merchant_n be_v able_a to_o know_v whether_o he_o have_v the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o sum_n to_o be_v pay_v he_o but_o he_o be_v carry_v with_o the_o stream_n of_o valuation_n and_o toleration_n of_o money_n to_o go_v currant_n as_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n shall_v be_v declare_v and_o all_o man_n common_o have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o great_a money_n use_v in_o every_o country_n make_v account_n that_o other_o small_a money_n have_v their_o true_a valuation_n thereafter_o as_o the_o philip_n dollar_n of_o ten_o ounce_n fine_a coin_n standard_n of_o foreign_a coin_n and_z 7_o 9_o 04_o piece_n to_o the_o mark_n the_o holland_n dollar_n of_o nine_o ounce_n fine_a and_z 8_o 8_o 9_o piece_n in_o the_o mark_n the_o spanish_a royal_a of_o eleven_o ounce_n four_o penny_n weight_n and_o nine_o piece_n the_o mark_n the_o gueldres_n and_o frizeland_n dollar_n of_o ten_o ounce_n four_o penny_n weight_n and_o 9_o â—_o 2_o piece_n the_o shilling_n of_o zealand_n of_o six_o ounce_n fine_a and_o thirty_o and_o eight_o piece_n the_o mark_n the_o golden_a royal_a of_o twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n fine_a and_o forty_o and_o six_o piece_n the_o mark_n the_o french_a crown_n of_o twenty_o and_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o seventie_o and_o two_o piece_n in_o the_o mark_n the_o golden_a rider_n of_o the_o state_n of_o twenty_o and_o two_o carrat_n and_o twenty_o and_o four_o in_o the_o mark_n the_o albertin_n or_o ducat_n of_o albertus_n of_o twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n fine_a and_o be_v seventie_o piece_n in_o the_o mark_n or_o thirty_o and_o five_o double_a piece_n and_o their_o daily_a new_a coin_n which_o they_o make_v of_o several_a standard_n which_o require_v a_o vigilant_a eye_n but_o we_o have_v shun_v industry_n and_o labour_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o contrary_a to_o my_o first_o intention_n i_o abreviate_v some_o thing_n a_o declaration_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o gold_n concern_v their_o finesse_n and_o number_n of_o piece_n in_o the_o pound_n weight_n of_o twelve_o ounce_n troy_n every_o ounce_n contain_v twenty_o penny_n weight_n and_o every_o penny_n weight_n twenty_o and_o four_o grain_n in_o weight_n and_o in_o finesse_n twenty_o and_o four_o carrat_n and_o every_o carrot_fw-la four_o grain_n calculate_v for_o the_o foreign_a coin_n upon_o the_o mark_n weight_n of_o eight_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n twenty_o english_a and_o every_o english_a thirty_o and_o two_o aze_n for_o the_o pound_n weight_n and_o in_o finesse_n twenty_o and_o four_o carrat_n and_o every_o carrot_fw-la twelve_o grain_n unnecessary_a fraction_n omit_v the_o imperial_a royal_a of_o gold_n always_o account_v equal_a with_o the_o english_a angel_n in_o finesse_n and_o in_o weight_n but_o a_o little_a differ_v of_o twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n ½_n and_o sixty_o and_o nine_o piece_n weigh_v twelve_o ounce_n troy_n the_o half_a royal_a be_v but_o eighteen_o carrat_n in_o finesse_n and_o 105_o â…“_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n weight_n the_o carolus_n guildren_n be_v â…”_n part_n of_o it_o but_o fourteen_o carrat_n fine_a and_o 126_o piece_n the_o rose_n noble_a of_o england_n twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ¾_n grain_n fine_a and_o 46_o ¾_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o double_a royal_a of_o austria_n of_o twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n fine_a and_o 24_o ¾_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o noble_n of_o holland_n vtrech_n and_o ouerrysel_n twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o forty_o and_o eight_o piece_n the_o gold_n guildren_n of_o eighteen_o carrat_n three_o grain_n scarce_o in_o finesse_n and_o 112_o ½_n piece_n the_o half_a noble_a or_o hungary_n ducat_n twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n 3_o â…™_n grain_n fine_a and_o 113_o ½_n piece_n the_o bishop_n ducat_n fine_a twenty_o and_o three_o carrats_n ½_n and_o 105_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n weight_n the_o ducat_n of_o italy_n venice_n turkey_n and_o rome_n twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o 106_o ½_n piece_n other_o italian_a ducat_n and_o the_o ducat_n of_o gelder_n twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n one_o grain_n and_o 106_o ½_n piece_n the_o angel_n of_o england_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n twenty_o and_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n and_o seventie_o two_o piece_n the_o sovereign_n of_o the_o say_a queen_n twenty_o and_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o sixty_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o old_a sovereign_n of_o more_o weight_n twenty_o and_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o 54_o ¾_n piece_n the_o half_a sovereign_n fine_a but_o twenty_o carrat_n and_o 120_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o angel_n with_o the_o o._n be_v but_o 23_o carrat_n fine_a and_o 72_o scarce_o to_o the_o pound_n the_o angel_n with_o three_o lion_n 22_o carrot_fw-la sine_fw-la and_o 76_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n weight_n the_o half_a noble_a with_o the_o lion_n and_o the_o noble_a of_o bridges_n 23_o carrat_n and_o 88_o ½_n piece_n the_o andrew_n guilder_n fine_a eighteen_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o one_o grain_n some_o piece_n 108._o the_o gulielmus_fw-la gilder_n sine_fw-la eighteen_o carrat_n one_o grain_n and_o 108_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o gold_n guilder_n of_o the_o state_n twenty_o carrat_n fine_a and_o 120_o ¾_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o golden_a fleece_n or_o toyson_n d'_fw-fr or_o 23_o carrat_n three_o grain_n ¼_n and_o 81_o â…™_n piece_n the_o phillip_n guildren_n fine_a fifteen_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o 111_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o joannes_n guildren_n fine_a sixteen_o carrat_n and_o 109_o ½_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o noble_n of_o gaunt_n and_o zealand_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n fine_a and_o fifty_o four_o piece_n the_o half_a imperial_a crown_n twenty_o two_o carrat_n 1_o ½_n grain_n and_o 107_o ½_n piece_n the_o henricus_n noble_a of_o england_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n 3_o ½_n grain_n and_o 53_o ¾_n piece_n the_o old_a english_a crown_n somewhat_o better_o than_o twenty_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o 100_o ½_n piece_n the_o henry_n noble_a of_o france_n twenty_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o fifty_o one_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o half_a henry_n noble_a fine_a twenty_o two_o carrat_n 2_o ½_n grain_n and_o 108_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o floret_fw-la crown_n of_o france_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n 3_o grain_n and_o 100_o ½_n piece_n the_o charles_n french_a crown_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n fine_a and_o 100_o ½_n piece_n the_o floret_fw-la of_o france_n stand_v twenty_o two_o carrat_n and_o 100_o ½_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o old_a golden_a lion_n of_o flanders_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o 79_o ¾_n piece_n the_o ducat_n of_o castille_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n fine_a and_o 79_o ¾_n piece_n likewise_o the_o spanish_a ducat_n 23_o carrat_n two_o grain_n fine_a and_o 105_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o holland_n ducat_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n two_o grain_n fine_a and_o 105_o piece_n likewise_o the_o double_a ducat_n of_o zealand_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n ½_n fine_a and_o 52_o ½_n piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o ducat_n of_o navarre_n majorca_n and_o other_o twenty_o three_o carrat_n one_o grain_n and_o 52_o ½_n piece_n the_o spanish_a pistolet_n twenty_o two_o carrat_n fine_a and_o 108_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o milreys_n ducat_n of_o portugal_n twenty_o two_o carrat_n one_o grain_n fine_a and_o forty_o eight_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o contrefait_a milrey_n be_v but_o twenty_o one_o carrot_fw-la sine_fw-la and_o likewise_o forty_o eight_o piece_n the_o emanuel_n ducat_n of_o portugal_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n 3_o grain_n and_o 105_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o emanuel_n great_a crusate_n of_o portugal_n twenty_o three_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o 10_o ½_n piece_n the_o joannes_n great_a crusate_n be_v but_o twenty_o two_o carrat_n three_o grain_n fine_a and_z 10_o ½_n piece_n the_o ducat_n with_o the_o short_a cross_n of_o portugal_n twenty_o two_o carrat_n three_o grain_n and_o 105_o piece_n the_o ducat_n with_o the_o long_a cross_n twenty_o two_o carrat_n one_o grain_n fine_a and_o likewise_o 105_o piece_n the_o ducat_n with_o the_o long_a cross_n
to_o one_o of_o gold_n in_o france_n the_o mark_n of_o gold_n value_v at_o seventie_o four_o crown_n and_o the_o silver_n at_o 6_o â…“_n crown_n make_v the_o proportion_n 11_o 11_o 19_o part_n but_o value_v the_o french_a crown_n at_o three_o frankes_n be_v eleven_o to_o one_o in_o england_n the_o angel_n at_o ten_o shilling_n and_o the_o silver_n at_o sixty_o shilling_n the_o pound_n troy_n of_o 12_o ounce_n be_v that_o six_o angel_n do_v weigh_v a_o ounce_n make_v also_o eleven_o to_o one_o in_o germany_n one_o mark_n of_o silver_n at_o 8_o ½_n gold_n guilder_n make_v 11_o â…”_n for_o 1_o but_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n be_v alter_v have_v also_o alter_v the_o same_o in_o rome_n the_o pound_n of_o silver_n at_o 108_o carlini_n and_o the_o ducat_n of_o gold_n 99_o ¼_n be_v 12_o to_o 1._o so_o at_o milan_n the_o ducat_n 112_o and_o the_o teaston_n 28_o be_v but_o 9_o â…“_n for_o 1._o the_o silver_n be_v so_o in_o request_n there_o for_o the_o make_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n thread_n that_o be_v to_o say_v silver_n thread_n guilt_n and_o white_a now_o for_o all_o place_n of_o momentary_a traffic_n it_o be_v 12_o to_o 1_o and_o in_o england_n 13_o ½_n to_o 1_o as_o have_v be_v declare_v the_o valuation_n of_o foreign_a coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n publish_v in_o the_o unite_a low_a province_n on_o the_o 21_o day_n of_o julie_n 1622_o with_o the_o order_n establish_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o say_a country_n for_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o the_o say_a valuation_n which_o never_o the_o less_o be_v continual_o infringe_v from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o other_o country_n so_o that_o to_o observe_v our_o own_o rule_n according_a to_o equality_n and_o equity_n will_v be_v find_v the_o best_a and_o safe_a course_n of_o politic_a government_n  _fw-fr guilder_n stivers_n flemish_n the_o great_a golden_a rider_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n 11_o 6_o or_o 37_o sâ—_n 8_o do_v the_o half_a of_o the_o say_a rider_n 5_o 13_o 18_o 10_o the_o double_a ducat_n of_o the_o say_a province_n with_o the_o letter_n 8_o 10_o 28_o 4_o the_o french_a crown_n 3_o 18_o 13_o 0_o the_o pistolet_n of_o spain_n of_o four_o pistolet_n 15_o 8_o 51_o 4_o the_o double_a pistolet_n of_o spain_n 7_o 14_o 25_o 8_o the_o single_a pistolet_n after_o the_o rate_n 3_o 17_o 12_o 10_o the_o albertin_n or_o ducat_n of_o albertus_n of_o austria_n 5_o 13_o 18_o 10_o the_o double_a rose_n noble_a of_o england_n 18_o 12_o 62_o 0_o the_o rose_n noble_a of_o henricus_n edward_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_n 9_o 6_o 31_o 0_o the_o henricus_n noble_a 8_o 6_o 27_o 8_o the_o flemish_a noble_a old_a and_o new_a of_o the_o unite_a country_n 8_o 0_o 26_o 8_o the_o old_a angel_n of_o england_n 6_o 4_o 20_o 8_o the_o new_a rider_n of_o gelder_n and_n friesland_n 3_o 13_o 12_o 2_o the_o gold_n guilder_n of_o those_o mint_n 3_o 2_o 10_o 4_o all_o which_o coin_n be_v to_o be_v weigh_v with_o their_o accustom_a weight_n and_o the_o remedy_n of_o two_o grain_n and_o no_o more_o with_o some_o little_a advantage_n over_o or_o at_o the_o least_o be_v within_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o balance_n provide_v always_o that_o the_o coin_n of_o their_o due_a fineness_n although_o they_o be_v light_a shall_v be_v currant_n pay_v for_o every_o grain_n want_v two_o stiver_n silver_n coin_n  _fw-fr guilder_n stivers_n flemish_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ss_z d._n the_o lion_n doller_n of_o the_o low_a province_n 2_o 0_o 6_o 8_o the_o rickx_n dollar_n in_o general_n 2_o 10_o 8_o 4_o the_o cross_n doller_n of_o albertus_n 2_o 7_o 7_o 10_o the_o spanish_a rial_n of_o 8_o 2_o 8_o 8_o 0_o the_o doller_n of_o zealand_n and_o frise_n with_o the_o eagle_n 1_o 10_o 5_o 0_o the_o floren_n or_o guilder_n of_o friesland_n 1_o 8_o 4_o 8_o the_o english_a shilling_n and_o of_o great_a britain_n 0_o 10_o ½_n 1_o 9_o the_o mark_n piece_n or_o thistle_n of_o scotland_n 0_o 12_o 2_o 0_o the_o harp_n of_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n 0_o 8_o 1_o 4_o and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o say_a piece_n be_v find_v to_o want_v of_o their_o weight_n and_o the_o appoint_a remedy_n within_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o balance_n or_o some_o little_a advantage_n over_o they_o shall_v be_v currant_n pay_v for_o every_o grain_n want_v two_o penny_n hollandt_n whereof_o 16_o make_v one_o stiver_n and_o the_o english_a groat_n be_v make_v bullion_n or_o shall_v not_o be_v currant_n small_a money_n for_o ordinary_a payment_n the_o shilling_n of_o all_o the_o several_a province_n respective_o and_o of_o the_o mint_n of_o nimogen_n deventer_n campen_n and_o swoll_n 6_o stivers_n the_o half_a shilling_n after_o the_o rate_n 3_o stivers_n the_o piece_n call_v flab_n of_o groninghen_n 4_o stiver_n the_o double_a 8_o stivers_n the_o twintigst_a part_n of_o the_o great_a silver_n royal_a 2_o ½_n stivers_n the_o double_a and_o single_a stiver_n of_o all_o these_o country_n 2_o &_o 1_o stiver_n money_n the_o ten_o to_o be_v receive_v in_o copper_n money_n 1_o of_o all_o which_o small_a money_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o rent_n interest_n or_o abatement_n of_o the_o same_o as_o also_o of_o all_o manner_n of_o merchandise_n exceed_v in_o one_o parcel_n the_o sum_n of_o one_o hundred_o guilder_n no_o man_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o receive_v more_o than_o the_o ten_o penny_n 2_o the_o duyt_n according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o province_n make_v in_o the_o provincial_a mint_n and_o none_o other_o be_v as_o yet_o tolerate_v for_o a_o duyt_n and_o all_o other_o copper_n money_n of_o the_o provincial_a mint_n be_v also_o tolerate_v to_o be_v pay_v out_o for_o one_o penny_n the_o piece_n the_o 16_o whereof_o make_v one_o hollandt_n stiver_n and_o not_o above_o whereas_o we_o do_v intend_v hereafter_o to_o prohibit_v the_o same_o to_o be_v currant_n for_o any_o price_n because_o we_o will_v provide_v ourselves_o forthwith_o with_o so_o much_o copper_n money_n as_o the_o commodiousness_n shall_v require_v 3_o we_o do_v also_o prohibit_v from_o henceforth_o no_o copper_n money_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o these_o country_n above_o two_o stiver_n upon_o pain_n often_o stiver_n for_o every_o piece_n to_o be_v forfeit_v and_o whosoever_o shall_v issue_v any_o copper_n money_n above_o the_o say_a price_n shall_v incur_v the_o like_a penalty_n of_o ten_o stiver_n for_o every_o piece_n 4_o and_o all_o the_o say_a coin_n shall_v be_v currant_n in_o these_o province_n for_o the_o price_n aforesaid_a declare_v all_o other_o piece_n for_o bullion_n melt_v all_o other_o coin_n make_v bullion_n to_o be_v melt_v which_o by_o this_o our_o proclamation_n be_v not_o value_v prohibit_v any_o of_o the_o say_a piece_n to_o be_v offer_v or_o receive_v as_o also_o to_o press_v any_o of_o those_o which_o be_v value_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o a_o high_a price_n than_o they_o be_v value_v and_o likewise_o offer_v to_o put_v forth_o other_o coin_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n value_v which_o be_v clip_v wash_v break_a mend_v neiled_a or_o otherwise_o augment_v in_o weight_n upon_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o the_o say_a coin_n so_o to_o be_v offer_v at_o high_a rate_n than_o this_o proclamation_n do_v permit_v and_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v not_o instant_o discover_v to_o forfeit_v the_o value_n thereof_o and_o moreover_o the_o quadruple_a or_o the_o value_n thereof_o or_o 24_o guilder_n in_o lieu_n thereof_o if_o the_o say_a coin_n do_v not_o amount_v to_o six_o guilder_n for_o the_o first_o time_n the_o second_o time_n double_a and_o for_o the_o three_o time_n quadruple_a and_o moreover_o arbitrable_a correction_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o fact_n 5_o without_o that_o any_o distinction_n shall_v be_v make_v whether_o the_o say_v coin_n be_v instant_o pay_v from_o foreign_a part_n or_o send_v from_o some_o one_o province_n or_o town_n into_o another_o in_o which_o case_n if_o the_o receiver_n thereof_o will_v be_v free_v of_o the_o say_a forfeiture_n he_o be_v to_o give_v notice_n of_o it_o within_o twenty_o and_o four_o hour_n after_o the_o receipt_n thereof_o unto_o the_o magistrate_n or_o other_o officer_n to_o be_v thereunto_o appoint_v to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v proceed_v therein_o against_o the_o sender_n of_o the_o say_a coin_n as_o it_o shall_v or_o may_v appertain_v 6_o yet_o shall_v the_o say_a receiver_n keep_v the_o say_v coin_v whole_o to_o himself_o if_o the_o say_a money_n be_v send_v unto_o he_o in_o payment_n of_o a_o former_a debt_n and_o nevertheless_o have_v his_o action_n against_o the_o party_n for_o so_o much_o as_o they_o shall_v want_v of_o the_o say_a valuation_n and_o if_o the_o say_a coin_n be_v send_v for_o any_o debt_n as_o yet_o not_o due_a or_o to_o be_v make_v the_o say_a
be_v condemn_v and_o forbid_v by_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o imperial_a law_n civil_a and_o canon_n law_n ancient_a father_n decretal_n learned_a philosopher_n eloquent_a orator_n historiographer_n and_o lawgivers_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o cause_v i_o some_o year_n since_o to_o write_v a_o small_a england_n small_a saint_n george_n for_o england_n treatise_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o usury_n in_o kingdom_n state_n and_o commonweal_n show_v although_o allegorical_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o with_o the_o six_o member_n of_o every_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v clergyman_n magistrate_n nobleman_n merchant_n artificer_n and_o husbandman_n by_o overthrow_v the_o harmonical_a government_n of_o they_o by_o too_o much_o enrich_v some_o and_o by_o oppress_v and_o impoverish_v some_o other_o bring_v the_o instrument_n out_o of_o tune_n when_o as_o every_o member_n of_o the_o same_o shall_v live_v content_v in_o his_o vocation_n and_o execute_v his_o charge_n according_a to_o his_o 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the_o invent_a history_n of_o saint_n george_n george_n the_o history_n of_o s._n george_n whereby_o our_o saviour_n christ_n be_v prefigure_v deliver_v the_o virgin_n which_o do_v signify_v the_o sinful_a soul_n of_o christian_n from_o the_o dragon_n or_o devil_n power_n so_o by_o the_o person_n of_o saint_n george_n be_v understand_v the_o king_n authority_n arm_v with_o the_o right_a armour_n of_o christian_n who_o with_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o god_n most_o holy_a word_n explain_v and_o corroborate_v with_o several_a other_o law_n signify_v by_o the_o pybald_n horse_n whereon_o he_o be_v mount_v do_v destroy_v the_o dragon_n usury_n have_v two_o wing_n to_o advance_v himself_o be_v vsura_fw-la palliata_fw-la and_o vsura_fw-la explicata_fw-la and_o his_o inconstant_a tail_n cambium_n the_o virgin_n or_o king_n daughter_n be_v treasure_n and_o money_n to_o be_v devour_v by_o his_o mean_n and_o foreign_a nation_n the_o allegory_n whereof_o require_v a_o due_a 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unequal_a and_o unjust_a any_o mortgage_n any_o pawn_n nothing_o be_v amiss_o for_o they_o they_o be_v not_o afraid_a of_o that_o win_v which_o we_o call_v anatokismos_n that_o be_v usury_n upon_o usury_n no_o they_o dread_v not_o to_o take_v ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o week_n the_o pretence_n of_o the_o jew_n be_v because_o we_o be_v stranger_n as_o if_o we_o be_v all_o canaanite_n or_o some_o of_o the_o seven_o nation_n which_o be_v as_o well_o to_o be_v oppress_v by_o usury_n as_o to_o be_v root_v out_o by_o josuah_n but_o these_o man_n can_v allege_v any_o thing_n in_o their_o defence_n but_o greedy_a lucre_n *_o dtridot_n chap._n xi_o of_o usury_n politic_a and_o money_n deliver_v at_o interest_n in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n you_o may_v perceive_v what_o law_n and_o prohibition_n be_v make_v against_o usury_n and_o nevertheless_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o be_v most_o usual_a in_o many_o kingdom_n and_o commonweal_n and_o the_o law_n be_v also_o make_v according_o for_o this_o sin_n be_v rather_o in_o the_o conscience_n than_o in_o the_o act_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o penalty_n impose_v upon_o it_o by_o god_n law_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o statute_n law_n of_o england_n do_v tolerate_v ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o and_o so_o do_v some_o other_o law_n twelve_o and_o more_o but_o the_o intent_n and_o not_o the_o rigour_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v weigh_v for_o the_o clear_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n law_n in_o the_o narrative_a part_n say_v that_o whereas_o usury_n be_v against_o all_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n yet_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o be_v tolerate_v to_o be_v take_v for_o the_o year_n which_o by_o way_n of_o forfeiture_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o punishment_n may_v be_v sue_v for_o by_o the_o law_n but_o if_o there_o be_v never_o so_o little_o take_v above_o the_o say_a rate_n of_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o for_o the_o year_n the_o principle_n be_v 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condition_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n and_o simple_o to_o say_v that_o any_o thing_n take_v above_o the_o principal_n be_v usury_n be_v wonderful_a strict_a unless_o you_o take_v the_o word_n usury_n to_o be_v bite_a because_o the_o same_o be_v never_o hurtful_a but_o where_o it_o bit_v and_o the_o matter_n of_o conscience_n consist_v in_o the_o not_o get_v of_o your_o debtor_n and_o not_o in_o the_o take_n of_o much_o or_o little_a interest_n the_o usury_n be_v great_a therefore_o to_o take_v but_o two_o or_o three_o upon_o the_o hundred_o of_o one_o that_o make_v no_o benefit_n of_o the_o money_n than_o to_o take_v ten_o or_o twelve_o upon_o the_o hundred_o of_o a_o merchant_n who_o make_v a_o great_a gain_n thereby_o according_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n pecunia_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la parere_fw-la alienas_fw-la negociari_fw-la miserias_fw-la fratrem_fw-la non_fw-la mor_fw-fr debis_fw-la non_fw-la munera_fw-la super_fw-la innocentem_fw-la which_o be_v the_o 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their_o commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n according_o without_o that_o few_o or_o none_o of_o they_o do_v look_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o exchange_n as_o aforesaid_a but_o only_o to_o the_o present_a object_n which_o be_v to_o know_v how_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n go_v at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o deal_v therewith_o howbeit_o such_o merchant_n as_o never_n or_o seldom_o deal_v for_o commodity_n but_o altogether_o for_o money_n by_o exchange_n have_v another_o observation_n therein_o and_o merchant_n that_o will_v be_v exchanger_n indeed_o must_v know_v perfect_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o our_o english_a coin_n and_o of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n also_o and_o compare_v the_o same_o together_o to_o make_v the_o say_a calculation_n of_o exchange_n wherein_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o valuation_n which_o be_v uncertain_a and_o inconstant_a inconstant_a valuation_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n inconstant_a much_o less_o by_o the_o toleration_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o go_v currant_n above_o the_o say_a valuation_n so_o that_o by_o authority_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v govern_v and_o direct_v herein_o declare_v the_o true_a value_n for_o value_n or_o par_fw-fr pro_fw-la pari_fw-la as_o the_o very_a foundation_n of_o all_o exchange_n because_o this_o be_v not_o a_o fit_a study_n for_o every_o merchant_n capacity_n and_o may_v be_v do_v nevertheless_o with_o great_a facility_n and_o without_o interruption_n of_o traffic_n as_o shall_v be_v declare_v but_o to_o come_v first_o to_o the_o particular_n concern_v weight_n we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o in_o all_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n exchange_n weight_n of_o money_n in_o exchange_n they_o use_v for_o their_o money_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o mark_n weight_n of_o eight_o ounce_n heretofore_o speak_v of_o with_o the_o division_n of_o twenty_o penny_n weight_n or_o twenty_o english_a so_o call_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o 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florin_n or_o other_o coin_n which_o be_v proper_o the_o head_n or_o radix_fw-la cambij_fw-la cambij_fw-la the_o head_n of_o exchange_n or_o radix_fw-la cambij_fw-la whereupon_o exchange_n be_v make_v this_o weight_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o piece_n of_o coin_n and_o from_o the_o piece_n to_o the_o number_n of_o they_o in_o the_o mark_n or_o pound_n weight_n aforesaid_a concern_v the_o fineness_n of_o money_n to_o be_v calculate_v in_o exchange_n the_o same_o be_v know_v by_o weight_n exchange_n fineness_n of_o money_n in_o exchange_n for_o it_o must_v be_v distinguish_v thereby_o that_o be_v to_o say_v we_o ought_v to_o know_v how_o much_o fine_a silver_n or_o fine_a gold_n there_o be_v in_o the_o mark_n or_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o sundry_a coin_n of_o the_o several_a standard_n of_o money_n of_o all_o country_n where_o exchange_n be_v use_v between_o we_o and_o they_o and_o to_o calculate_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o pound_n sterling_a for_o some_o place_n or_o upon_o the_o crown_n ducat_n doller_n florin_n and_o other_o imaginary_a coin_n for_o other_o place_n to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v have_v fineness_n answer_v by_o weight_n to_o understand_v the_o premise_n let_v we_o suppose_v that_o a_o merchant_n stranger_n come_v into_o the_o realm_n and_o bring_v with_o he_o many_o unknown_a and_o strange_a coin_n to_o have_v the_o coin_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o it_o according_a to_o value_v for_o value_n by_o weight_n and_o fineness_n and_o that_o the_o say_a merchant_n have_v weigh_v the_o say_a coin_n have_v a_o sufficient_a knowledge_n of_o the_o quantity_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o gold_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o say_a weight_n money_n the_o manner_n to_o examine_v the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o money_n and_o his_o desire_n be_v to_o have_v the_o same_o answer_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o like_a weight_n and_o by_o the_o like_a fineness_n in_o weight_n in_o money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n herein_o not_o doubt_n he_o will_v be_v assure_v what_o fineness_n or_o fine_a silver_n and_o gold_n there_o be_v in_o our_o money_n and_o that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o same_o by_o weight_n in_o the_o say_a quantity_n of_o coin_n whereupon_o after_o the_o weight_n of_o our_o money_n he_o will_v calculate_v distinct_o what_o quantity_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n there_o be_v in_o the_o say_a money_n and_o what_o quantity_n of_o copper_n and_o so_o will_v require_v the_o full_a quantity_n both_o of_o the_o silver_n and_o gold_n and_o of_o the_o copper_n according_o so_o be_v it_o with_o the_o matter_n of_o exchange_n ground_v upon_o the_o very_a value_n of_o coin_n if_o there_o be_v no_o valuation_n whereby_o the_o price_n of_o coin_n be_v baptize_v and_o receive_v a_o name_n which_o give_v a_o denomination_n of_o price_n unto_o the_o say_a coin_n or_o unto_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o say_a coin_n which_o in_o the_o manner_n aforesaid_a make_v the_o say_a price_n of_o exchange_n but_o so_o long_o as_o the_o 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proportion_n between_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o exchange_n make_v in_o england_n even_o as_o it_o do_v unto_o the_o several_a species_n of_o money_n in_o their_o kind_n concern_v the_o proportion_n between_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o the_o say_a exchange_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v 12_o to_o one_o or_o one_o pound_n of_o silver_n to_o a_o ounce_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v now_o 13_o ½_n to_o one_o then_o the_o ensue_a calculation_n in_o exchange_n be_v true_a namely_o to_o account_v eight_o carrat_n of_o fine_a gold_n or_o four_o ounce_n of_o fine_a silver_n for_o twenty_o shilling_n sterling_a reserve_v in_o the_o say_a rate_n a_o reasonable_a gain_n for_o the_o merchant_n towards_o their_o gain_n and_o charge_n but_o now_o that_o the_o say_a proportion_n be_v alter_v and_o that_o thirteen_o ounce_n and_o ⅓_n part_n or_o four_o penny_n weight_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v give_v for_o one_o ounce_n of_o necessity_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o silver_n be_v underualued_a and_o the_o gold_n advance_v so_o that_o in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n there_o arise_v a_o twofold_a consideration_n the_o one_o to_o be_v establish_v in_o par_n according_a to_o the_o gold_n coin_n and_o the_o other_o after_o the_o silver_n coin_n and_o this_o measure_n of_o exchange_n between_o we_o and_o foreign_a nation_n be_v very_o tender_a and_o delicate_a yet_o merchant_n occasion_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n do_v exceed_v the_o say_a limitation_n upon_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o money_n and_o the_o many_o deliverer_n or_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o say_a money_n according_a thereunto_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o confirm_v the_o mutability_n of_o exchange_v above_o the_o say_a par_fw-fr but_o never_o under_o the_o same_o for_o it_o be_v like_a unto_o the_o needle_n of_o the_o compass_n which_o have_v be_v touch_v upon_o the_o fix_a
eighty_o asper_n every_o asper_n be_v ten_o macharines_n at_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n they_o account_v by_o ducat_n there_o be_v ducat_n de_fw-fr pargo_n make_v three_o ducat_n of_o venice_n pargo_n ducat_n de_fw-fr pargo_n also_o italian_a ducat_n of_o thirty_o and_o five_o maid_n and_o the_o venice_n ducat_n be_v better_a and_o make_v forty_o maid_n scot_n mark_v scot_n at_o edinburgh_n in_o scotland_n exchange_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o mark_n piece_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v value_v in_o england_n at_o 13_o ½_n penny_n be_v otherwise_o 13⅓_n penny_n or_o thirteen_o shilling_n four_o penny_n scot_n so_o one_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a scot_n be_v twenty_o shilling_n scot_n and_o twenty_o penny_n sterling_a be_v one_o pound_n scottish_a scot_n pound_v scot_n which_o be_v twelve_o to_o one_o the_o 18_o piece_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n be_v by_o the_o say_a valuation_n twenty_o shilling_n three_o penny_n and_o the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n at_o london_n pay_v for_o twelve_o penny_n the_o say_a mark_n of_o 13_o ⅓_n penny_n at_o two_o or_o three_o month_n time_n in_o scotland_n as_o they_o can_v agree_v irish._n pound_n irish._n at_o dublin_n in_o ireland_n the_o fifteen_o shilling_n sterling_a be_v one_o pound_n irish_a of_o twenty_o shilling_n whereupon_o exchange_n be_v make_v with_o allowance_n of_o six_o penny_n or_o eight_o penny_n upon_o every_o pound_n payable_a at_o london_n and_o for_o want_v of_o a_o mint_n no_o bullion_n be_v import_v thither_o and_o exchange_n be_v divert_v into_o other_o part_n at_o london_n all_o exchange_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o pound_n sterling_a of_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o twelve_o penny_n to_o the_o shilling_n for_o germany_n sterling_a pound_n sterling_a the_o low-countries_n and_o other_o place_n of_o traffic_n and_o for_o france_n upon_o the_o french_a crown_n for_o italy_n and_o spain_n and_o other_o place_n upon_o the_o ducat_n or_o for_o the_o doller_n and_o florin_n in_o some_o place_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n whereof_o more_o particular_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o course_n of_o exchange_n chap._n four_o of_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o the_o term_n of_o art_n use_v therein_o the_o discrepance_n of_o time_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n or_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v wherein_o we_o may_v consider_v three_o kind_n of_o diversity_n call_v by_o the_o term_n of_o art_n in_o matter_n of_o exchange_n at_o sight_n usance_n and_o double_a usance_n or_o treble_a the_o take_n and_o deliver_v money_n at_o sight_n sight_n at_o sight_n bind_v the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n to_o give_v his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n direct_v upon_o his_o friend_n factor_n or_o servant_n in_o any_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o pay_v upon_o sight_n of_o it_o or_o within_o three_o four_o or_o more_o day_n so_o much_o money_n as_o have_v be_v take_v up_o by_o he_o after_o such_o a_o rate_n the_o pound_n doller_n ducat_n or_o crown_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o between_o they_o in_o foreign_a coin_n either_o according_a to_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n or_o currant_n money_n for_o merchandise_n which_o be_v more_o ordinary_a because_o merchant_n will_v admit_v sometime_o to_o receive_v some_o coin_n at_o a_o high_a rate_n than_o they_o be_v value_v upon_o occasion_n that_o some_o species_n be_v require_v for_o transportation_n or_o some_o other_o use_n to_o make_v payment_n estate_n policy_n of_o estate_n which_o toleration_n be_v by_o authority_n many_o time_n suffer_v to_o draw_v money_n unto_o their_o place_n of_o jurisdiction_n herein_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o if_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v payable_a at_o so_o many_o day_n sight_n that_o the_o number_n of_o day_n must_v be_v express_v in_o the_o bill_n or_o bill_n for_o common_o there_o be_v make_v three_o bill_n of_o one_o tenor_n for_o every_o sum_n of_o money_n take_v up_o because_o if_o one_o bill_n be_v lose_v the_o other_o may_v serve_v in_o place_n the_o second_o time_n of_o payment_n call_v usance_n usance_n at_o usance_n which_o be_v either_o the_o time_n of_o one_o month_n two_o or_o three_o month_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o hereafter_o be_v declare_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n where_o these_o exchange_n do_v run_v according_a to_o which_o time_n the_o party_n upon_o who_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v be_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o unless_o there_o be_v good_a cause_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o usance_n double_a usance_n and_o treble_a usance_n the_o three_o time_n of_o payment_n call_v double_a usance_n be_v either_o two_o or_o more_o month_n or_o always_o double_a the_o time_n of_o the_o usance_n respect_v by_o custom_n the_o course_n thereof_o and_o many_o time_n exchange_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o half_a usance_n which_o be_v fifteen_o day_n but_o consider_v the_o wind_n and_o other_o hindrance_n it_o be_v better_a to_o limit_v the_o day_n after_o sight_n in_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o to_o send_v the_o same_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n with_o a_o letter_n of_o advice_n which_o the_o taker_n of_o money_n common_o do_v deliver_v with_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n whereunto_o the_o bill_n make_v also_o relation_n and_o treble_a usance_n be_v according_o mart_n payment_n in_o fair_n or_o mart_n there_o be_v another_o time_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o exchange_n where_o great_a payment_n be_v make_v as_o in_o fair_n or_o mart_n as_o at_o madrill_n and_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n by_o three_o ferias_fw-la in_o the_o year_n at_o lion_n by_o four_o payment_n yearly_a and_o at_o frankford_n twice_o every_o year_n etc._n etc._n the_o difference_n of_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n do_v alter_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o time_n common_o after_o twelve_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o by_o the_o year_n so_o between_o the_o pound_n sterling_a exchange_v for_o the_o low-countries_n at_o sight_n and_o usance_n be_v between_o four_o and_o five_o penny_n and_o double_a usance_n and_o usance_n six_o or_o seven_o penny_n which_o ordinary_o be_v account_v to_o be_v but_o four_o penny_n after_o 10_o pro_fw-la 100_o but_o for_o the_o fair_n and_o mart_n it_o be_v very_o uncertain_a because_o the_o payment_n be_v all_o at_o one_o time_n and_o the_o near_o the_o fair_n be_v at_o hand_n exchange_n consideration_n in_o exchange_n the_o more_o shall_v the_o taker_n up_o of_o the_o money_n save_v by_o pay_v less_o interest_n because_o he_o have_v not_o have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o money_n from_o the_o beginning_n that_o exchange_n be_v make_v for_o the_o fair_n which_o in_o questionable_a matter_n be_v very_o considerable_a usance_n from_o london_n to_o and_o from_o middleborough_n amsterdam_n antuerpe_n bridges_n and_o other_o place_n in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v one_o month_n time_n from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o double_a usance_n be_v two_o month_n usance_n for_o hamborough_n be_v two_o month_n and_o for_o venice_n three_o month_n usance_n from_o antuerp_n to_o rome_n be_v two_o month_n and_o from_o lion_n to_o rome_n one_o month_n usance_n from_o antuerp_n to_o venice_n be_v two_o month_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o bank_n usance_n at_o florence_n be_v two_o month_n and_o from_o florence_n to_o london_n three_o month_n usance_n from_o genoa_n to_o rome_n and_o naples_n be_v ten_o day_n sight_n and_o for_o palermo_n and_o antuerp_n be_v two_o month_n by_o ordinary_a observation_n and_o so_o be_v luca_n from_o naples_n to_o antuerp_n be_v two_o month_n and_o the_o like_a for_o palermo_n usance_n for_o rouen_n and_o paris_n be_v one_o month_n but_o common_o at_o three_o week_n sight_n from_o antuerp_n and_o london_n to_o seville_a be_v two_o month_n castille_n payment_n be_v in_o three_o bank_n and_o ferias_fw-la de_fw-fr villalon_n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n and_o medina_n del_fw-it rio_n sicco_fw-it but_o many_o time_n prolong_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n usance_n from_o lixborne_a to_o london_n and_o antuerp_n be_v two_o month_n which_o merchant_n be_v to_o know_v because_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v not_o declare_v the_o same_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o nature_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n the_o nature_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v so_o noble_a and_o excel_a all_o other_o deal_n between_o merchant_n that_o the_o proceed_n therein_o be_v extraordinary_a and_o singular_a and_o not_o subject_a to_o any_o prescription_n by_o law_n or_o otherwise_o but_o mere_o subsist_v of_o a_o reverend_a custom_n use_v and_o solemnize_v concern_v the_o same_o for_o the_o better_a declaration_n whereof_o let_v we_o set_v down_o the_o form_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n from_o
rate_n according_a to_o which_o calculation_n the_o say_v royal_a of_o eight_o be_v by_o we_o receive_v at_o five_o shilling_n and_o two_o penny_n which_o be_v but_o four_o shilling_n 2_o ½_n penny_n or_o thereabouts_o the_o difference_n be_v fifteen_o upon_o the_o hundred_o in_o less_o than_o two_o month_n time_n add_v hereunto_o the_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o to_o be_v have_v by_o the_o say_v royal_n of_o eight_o that_o the_o same_o be_v better_o in_o weight_n and_o fineness_n than_o our_o six_o penny_n sterling_a which_o be_v take_v to_o answer_v the_o say_v royal_a by_o a_o common_a calculation_n by_o reason_n whereof_o there_o will_v be_v give_v so_o much_o in_o his_o majesty_n mint_n or_o thereabouts_o that_o be_v to_o say_v four_o shilling_n and_o five_o penny_n or_o at_o the_o least_o four_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n ½_n after_o the_o rate_n of_o five_o shilling_n sterling_a for_o a_o ounce_n of_o that_o standard_n so_o together_o be_v twenty_o five_o upon_o the_o hundred_o benefit_n 1622._o a_o treatise_n of_o free_a trade_n 1622._o which_o cause_v a_o merchant_n adventurer_n to_o set_v down_o in_o print_v a_o interrogation_n in_o this_o manner_n who_o will_v procure_v licence_n in_o spain_n to_o bring_v real_n into_o england_n to_o sell_v they_o here_o at_o ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o gain_n which_o be_v less_o than_o the_o exchange_n from_o thence_o will_v yield_v when_o he_o may_v have_v for_o the_o same_o 25_o in_o the_o 100_o in_o holland_n a_o matter_n whereby_o merchant_n be_v easy_o induce_v to_o divert_v the_o say_a royal_n from_o the_o realm_n to_o those_o and_o other_o country_n and_o by_o the_o common_a understanding_n to_o remedy_v the_o same_o it_o be_v think_v there_o be_v no_o mean_n to_o meet_v with_o foreign_a nation_n in_o the_o inhance_a of_o money_n but_o we_o must_v do_v the_o like_a albeit_o experience_n have_v show_v long_o since_o that_o this_o be_v not_o effectual_a nor_o any_o true_a remedy_n now_o if_o we_o will_v consider_v thing_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n aforesaid_a it_o will_v plain_o appear_v that_o the_o say_v fifteen_o upon_o the_o hundred_o gain_n more_o than_o in_o england_n be_v but_o imaginary_a if_o the_o exchange_n for_o money_n be_v reform_v for_o let_v five_o of_o these_o royal_n of_o eight_o be_v buy_v in_o england_n for_o twenty_o two_o shilling_n and_o be_v transport_v into_o holland_n and_o there_o buy_v commodity_n with_o the_o same_o which_o be_v according_a as_o the_o price_n of_o they_o be_v enhance_v for_o as_o the_o money_n rise_v in_o price_n so_o do_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n it_o may_v fall_v out_o the_o say_a merchant_n shall_v become_v loser_n by_o the_o commodity_n so_o that_o the_o same_o can_v be_v term_v causa_fw-la movens_fw-la but_o the_o spanish_a merchant_n which_o cause_n their_o royal_n to_o be_v send_v into_o holland_n or_o zealand_n from_o spain_n or_o from_o the_o down_n rely_v whole_o upon_o the_o low-exchange_n whereby_o they_o be_v enable_v to_o deliver_v there_o their_o money_n by_o exchange_n at_o a_o undervalue_v at_o thirty_o three_o shilling_n four_o penny_n flemish_n and_o under_o for_o our_o twenty_o shilling_n sterling_a whereby_o the_o kingdom_n make_v good_a unto_o they_o the_o say_v fifteen_o upon_o the_o hundred_o consist_v between_o the_o price_n of_o forty_o two_o stiver_n and_o fifty_o one_o stiver_n which_o be_v almost_o eighteen_o pro_fw-la hundred_o if_o the_o royal_a go_v but_o for_o fifty_o stiver_n according_a to_o the_o valuation_n so_o that_o if_o the_o exchange_n be_v make_v according_o which_o will_v be_v above_o thirty_o seven_o shilling_n six_o penny_n this_o gain_n will_v not_o be_v at_o all_o and_o money_n will_v be_v import_v unto_o we_o and_o not_o export_v for_o the_o rule_n be_v infallable_n exchange_n a_o maxim_n in_o exchange_n that_o when_o the_o exchange_n answer_v the_o true_a value_n of_o money_n according_a to_o their_o intrinsicke_a weight_n and_o fineness_n and_o their_o extrinsicke_a valuation_n they_o be_v never_o export_v because_o the_o say_a gain_n be_v answer_v by_o exchange_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o transportation_n to_o make_v this_o evident_a in_o the_o rickx_n doller_n which_o be_v the_o main_a and_o most_o usual_a coin_n in_o germany_n eastland_n the_o unite_a and_o reconcile_v low-countries_n before_o their_o late_a proclamation_n and_o currant_n in_o many_o other_o country_n observe_v we_o that_o the_o say_v doller_n be_v value_v at_o two_o mark_n lubish_n 1575._o a_o shilling_n lubish_n and_o a_o stiver_n flemish_n be_v all_o one_o 1575._o every_o mark_n be_v sixteen_o shilling_n lubish_n or_o sixteen_o stiver_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1575._o the_o say_a rickx_n doller_n be_v still_o coin_a in_o the_o empire_n for_o thirty_o two_o shilling_n or_o stiver_n and_o so_o currant_n by_o valuation_n in_o the_o low-countries_n whereby_o they_o be_v all_o one_o in_o denomination_n and_o effect_n but_o the_o war_n in_o the_o low-countries_n have_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o inhance_a of_o this_o doller_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o thirty_o five_o stiver_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1586_o to_o forty_o five_o stiver_n or_o to_o fifty_o two_o stiver_n now_o by_o intermissive_a valuation_n and_o time_n howbeit_o at_o hamborough_n stoade_n and_o other_o place_n in_o germany_n the_o say_a doller_n do_v remain_v still_o at_o thirty_o two_o shilling_n lubish_n or_o two_o mark_n and_o as_o the_o say_v doller_n do_v enhance_v in_o price_n so_o do_v they_o in_o the_o low-countries_n coin_v new_a stiver_n according_o sometime_o light_a in_o weight_n fallacy_n a_o great_a fallacy_n and_o at_o other_o time_n embase_v by_o copper_n or_o alloy_n and_o yet_o in_o account_n the_o stiver_n do_v and_o do_v remain_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o their_o money_n but_o the_o say_v doller_n hold_v his_o standard_n agreeable_a to_o the_o first_o doller_n call_v the_o burgundian_n doller_n with_o saint_n andrew_n cross_n coin_a in_o the_o year_n 1567._o which_o be_v in_o fineness_n ten_o ounce_n twelve_o penny_n weight_n of_o fine_a silver_n and_o four_o and_o one_o half_a of_o these_o dollar_n be_v make_v equivolent_a to_o our_o twenty_o shilling_n sterling_a as_o a_o public_a measure_n between_o we_o and_o the_o low-countries_n germany_n and_o other_o place_n where_o this_o doller_n go_v currant_n as_o you_o may_v observe_v in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n these_o dollar_n have_v since_o be_v imitate_v and_o make_v by_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n in_o their_o several_a mint_n alter_v only_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o several_a province_n as_o also_o by_o the_o archduke_n albertus_n in_o the_o reconcile_a low_a province_n and_o the_o price_n of_o they_o at_o hamborough_n stoad_n and_o other_o place_n be_v but_o advance_v to_o one_o stiver_n or_o shilling_n lubish_n more_o that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o thirty_o three_o shilling_n lubish_n go_v the_o same_o go_v in_o the_o low-countries_n for_o forty_o five_o stiver_n which_o make_v the_o diversity_n of_o the_o say_v par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n of_o thirty_o three_o shilling_n four_o penny_n for_o the_o low-countries_n and_o twenty_o four_o shilling_n nine_o penny_n for_o hamborough_n netherlands_o in_o the_o netherlands_o be_v all_o one_o in_o substance_n this_o doller_n be_v since_o that_o time_n as_o i_o say_v enhance_v to_o fifty_o two_o stiver_n in_o the_o low-countries_n which_o make_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n above_o thirty_o eight_o shilling_n or_o rather_o thirty_o nine_o shilling_n and_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n suffer_v this_o and_o not_o alter_v our_o price_n of_o exchange_n according_o but_o be_v content_v to_o take_v thirty_o four_o or_o thirty_o five_o shilling_n and_o after_o that_o rate_n undersell_v all_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o realm_n germany_n in_o germany_n this_o doller_n be_v likewise_o since_o that_o time_n more_o enhance_v in_o germany_n from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o leave_v the_o excessive_a valuation_n in_o remote_a place_n let_v we_o note_v the_o valuation_n of_o hamborough_n where_o it_o have_v be_v at_o fifty_o four_o stiver_n the_o doller_n which_o make_v the_o exchange_n above_o forty_o shilling_n of_o their_o money_n for_o our_o twenty_o shilling_n and_o although_o we_o have_v raise_v our_o price_n of_o exchange_n from_o twenty_o shilling_n nine_o penny_n to_o thirty_o five_o shilling_n and_o thereabouts_o shall_v we_o rest_v here_o and_o go_v no_o further_o have_v we_o reason_n to_o do_v it_o in_o part_n and_o not_o in_o the_o whole_a according_a to_o justice_n equity_n and_o true_a policy_n and_o shall_v we_o be_v like_o a_o man_n that_o by_o halt_v in_o jest_n become_v lame_a in_o earnest_n absic_n ignorantia_fw-la the_o money_n in_o christendom_n which_o have_v their_o ebb_a and_o flow_v do_v show_v their_o operation_n upon_o commodity_n operation_n the_o course_n of_o money_n and_o exchange_n be_v contraty_n in_o operation_n make_v by_o
of_o the_o sterling_a standard_n this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v only_o by_o his_o majesty_n proclamation_n according_a to_o the_o statut_fw-la of_o exchange_n prohibit_v that_o after_o three_o month_n next_o ensue_a the_o same_o no_o man_n shall_v make_v any_o exchange_n by_o bill_n or_o otherwise_o for_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o foreign_a part_n or_o to_o be_v rechange_v towards_o this_o realm_n under_o the_o true_a par_fw-fr or_o value_n for_o value_n of_o our_o money_n and_o the_o money_n of_o other_o country_n in_o weight_n and_o fineness_n but_o at_o the_o say_a rate_n or_o above_o the_o same_o as_o merchant_n can_v agree_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o broker_n or_o among_o themselves_o wealth_n the_o way_n to_o restore_v england_n wealth_n but_o never_o under_o the_o say_a rate_n which_o shall_v be_v declare_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o table_n public_o to_o be_v see_v upon_o the_o royal_a exchange_n in_o london_n according_a to_o the_o say_a proclamation_n and_o the_o say_a table_n shall_v be_v alter_v in_o price_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v minister_v beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o several_a respective_a place_n of_o exchange_n either_o by_o their_o inhaunce_n of_o money_n by_o valuation_n or_o by_o embase_v of_o the_o same_o by_o allay_n as_o have_v be_v note_v which_o by_o a_o vigilant_a eye_n may_v be_v observe_v and_o will_v be_v a_o cause_n to_o make_v other_o nation_n more_o constant_a in_o the_o course_n of_o their_o money_n and_o this_o will_v be_v execute_v more_o of_o course_n than_o by_o authority_n because_o gain_v do_v bear_v the_o sway_n and_o command_v with_o most_o man_n for_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n be_v here_o the_o deliverer_n of_o money_n general_o will_v easy_o be_v induce_v to_o make_v the_o most_o of_o his_o own_o receive_v by_o exchange_n more_o for_o our_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o english_a merchant_n be_v the_o taker_n of_o the_o say_a money_n will_v not_o be_v so_o inâ—urious_a to_o the_o state_n as_o to_o give_v less_o beyond_o the_o sea_n than_o the_o value_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a proclamation_n and_o if_o he_o will_v the_o deliverer_n will_v not_o let_v he_o have_v it_o beside_o that_o the_o taker_n occasion_n be_v enforce_v by_o necessity_n and_o he_o can_v be_v no_o loose_a for_o by_o direction_n he_o will_v sell_v his_o commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n according_o because_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n do_v still_o govern_v the_o sale_n and_o buy_v of_o commodity_n as_o aforesaid_a english_a merchant_n be_v the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n alter_v there_o according_o will_v have_v the_o like_a consideration_n and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v provoke_v he_o thereunto_o and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o taker_n the_o english_a merchant_n may_v bring_v over_o the_o money_n in_o specie_fw-la wherein_o he_o shall_v become_v again_o the_o course_n be_v agreeable_a to_o justice_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o ius_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o will_v not_o hinder_v the_o exchange_n to_o rise_v and_o fall_v as_o formerly_z but_o keep_v all_o in_o due_a order_n with_o these_o consideration_n caution_n and_o prevention_n as_o shall_v be_v set_v down_o to_o prevent_v all_o inconueniency_n proceed_v by_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o money_n which_o fall_v general_o upon_o all_o man_n in_o the_o endear_n of_o thing_n coin_n inconueniency_n of_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o coin_n &_o particular_o upon_o landlord_n and_o creditor_n in_o their_o rent_n and_o contract_n and_o especial_o upon_o the_o king_n majesty_n land_n the_o statute_n of_o employment_n must_v also_o be_v observe_v to_o make_v the_o remedy_n more_o complete_a with_o a_o register_n to_o record_v the_o money_n which_o foreign_a mariner_n do_v receive_v for_o freight_n come_v from_o norway_n and_o other_o place_n make_v above_o one_o hundred_o voyage_n yearly_a as_o also_o many_o other_o ship_n bring_v corn_n into_o the_o northern_a and_o western_a part_n of_o the_o real_a i_o and_o export_v money_n for_o it_o russian_n the_o policy_n of_o the_o turk_n and_o russian_n the_o turk_n persian_a and_o russian_a have_v herein_o surpass_v we_o in_o true_a policy_n by_o keep_v the_o price_n of_o their_o exchange_n high_a much_o above_o the_o valuation_n of_o their_o money_n so_o that_o they_o have_v no_o trade_n by_o exchange_n nor_o money_n but_o only_o for_o commodity_n whereby_o they_o prevent_v the_o overballance_a of_o foreign_a commodity_n with_o they_o as_o also_o the_o exportation_n of_o their_o money_n albeit_o the_o use_n of_o our_o commodity_n be_v in_o those_o country_n very_o great_a remedy_n objection_n to_o the_o remedy_n the_o objection_n make_v by_o some_o against_o this_o sole_a remedy_n be_v easy_o to_o be_v answer_v for_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o supposition_n against_o assure_a experience_n 1_o some_o make_v doubt_n that_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v rise_v there_o will_v be_v no_o taker_n of_o money_n and_o then_o the_o deliverer_n be_v more_o thrust_v upon_o the_o exportation_n of_o money_n 2_o other_o say_v that_o those_o merchant_n which_o have_v sell_v their_o cloth_n beyond_o the_o sea_n shall_v receive_v a_o loss_n in_o the_o make_n over_o of_o their_o money_n from_o thence_o by_o deliver_v more_o there_o in_o exchange_n than_o now_o they_o do_v 3_o other_o say_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o vent_v their_o clothes_n according_a to_o the_o high_a exchange_n especial_o now_o that_o cloth_n be_v out_o of_o request_n and_o will_v have_v the_o matter_n of_o reformation_n defer_v until_o another_o time_n in_o their_o opinion_n more_o commodious_a answer_n answer_n the_o first_o objection_n be_v answer_v before_o that_o the_o taker_n be_v rule_v by_o the_o deliverer_n who_o will_v not_o give_v his_o money_n in_o exchange_n under_o the_o true_a value_n according_a to_o the_o proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v and_o the_o deliverer_n be_v the_o merchant_n stranger_n here_o will_v soon_o be_v thrust_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o employment_n for_o by_o the_o exportation_n of_o money_n he_o shall_v have_v no_o gain_n whereas_o some_o of_o the_o discreet_a sort_n will_v not_o have_v the_o say_a statute_n too_o strict_o press_v upon_o the_o stranger_n because_o the_o trade_n shall_v not_o be_v drive_v into_o their_o hand_n mediocria_fw-la firma_fw-la to_o the_o second_o the_o proclamation_n limit_v a_o time_n for_o execution_n give_v merchant_n ability_n to_o recover_v their_o money_n or_o to_o sell_v their_o bill_n of_o debt_n for_o money_n or_o to_o buy_v commodity_n for_o they_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v to_o the_o three_o experience_n make_v a_o full_a answer_n to_o both_o that_o there_o do_v not_o want_v taker_n when_o the_o late_a inhaunce_n at_o hamborough_n cause_v the_o exchange_n to_o rise_v from_o under_o twenty_o and_o eight_o shilling_n to_o above_o thirty_o and_o five_o shilling_n which_o be_v more_o than_o the_o present_a alteration_n will_v be_v and_o wool_n be_v at_o thirty_o and_o three_o shilling_n the_o tod_n which_o be_v now_o fall_v under_o twenty_o shilling_n so_o that_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o cloth_n be_v not_o hinder_v when_o it_o be_v sell_v dear_a by_o one_o full_a three_o part_n but_o there_o be_v above_o eighty_o thousand_o clothes_n sell_v yearly_a where_o there_o be_v now_o sell_v but_o forty_o thousand_o clothes_n the_o time_n be_v also_o to_o be_v think_v more_o convenient_a to_o advance_v a_o commodity_n be_v underualued_a than_o to_o do_v it_o when_o the_o price_n be_v high_a for_o this_o pleurisy_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v dangerous_a and_o admit_v no_o time_n of_o cure_v like_o the_o fire_n in_o a_o city_n which_o permit_v not_o any_o inquiry_n to_o examine_v how_o the_o same_o begin_v but_o require_v every_o man_n help_n to_o quench_v the_o same_o and_o whereas_o it_o be_v allege_v in_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o inhance_a of_o coin_n e.m._n treatise_n of_o free_a trad_a e.m._n that_o which_o be_v equal_a to_o all_o when_o he_o that_o buy_v dear_a shall_v sell_v dear_a can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v injurious_a unto_o any_o this_o opinion_n be_v without_o consideration_n of_o the_o alteration_n of_o weight_n and_o measure_n between_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n that_o be_v exchange_n for_o money_n and_o what_o the_o same_o may_v produce_v to_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n albeit_o that_o between_o man_n and_o man_n it_o may_v prove_v alike_o in_o some_o respect_n to_o make_v this_o evident_a suppose_v two_o merchant_n the_o one_o dwell_v in_o london_n and_o the_o other_o dwell_v at_o amsterdam_n do_v contract_n together_o that_o the_o londoner_n send_v clothes_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o amsterdam_n the_o merchant_n of_o amsterdam_n send_v he_o velvet_n and_o silk_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o london_n and_o in_o the_o account_n to_o be_v keep_v between_o they_o