Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	bishop_n	king_n	pope_n	15,534	5	6.7968	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42371	Englands grievance discovered, in relation to the coal-trade with the map of the river of Tine, and situation of the town and corporation of Newcastle : the tyrannical oppression of those magistrates, their charters and grants, the several tryals, depositions, and judgements obtained against them : with a breviate of several statutes proving repugnant to their actings : with proposals for reducing the excessive rates of coals for the future, and the rise of their grants, appearing in this book / by Ralph Gardiner ...	Gardiner, Ralph, b. 1625.	1655 (1655)	Wing G230; ESTC R3695	131,711	221

to joyn issue upon to stand and fall by as I am by this challenging any to brand me with the least of injustice I ever did them being ready with my fortune to make good what I prosecute The thing I aim at is a right understanding between the free and unfree men of England a perfect love every one injoying their own and to be governed under our known and wholesome Laws as also an obedience thereunto and not by a hidden Prerogative alias Charters It being a wonder there dare be such presumption in this Corporation to exercise such insolencies which were the greatest obstructors of our Nations Liberties by garisoning that Town The Mayor Aldermen and Recorder with the Burgesses and others against the free-born of England which prohibited all Trade from the 9th day of January 1642. to the 14th of November 1644 in that Port which caused Coals to be four pound the Chaldron and Salt four pound the weigh the poor Inhabitants forced to flie the Country others to quarter all Armies upon free Quarter heavy Taxes to them all both English Scots and Garisons Plundered of all they had Land lying waste Coal-pits drowned Salt-works broken down Hay and Corn burnt Town pulled down mens wives carried away by the unsatiable Scots and abused All being occasioned by that Corporations disaffection And yet to tyrannize as is hereafter mentioned I appeal to God and the World Ralph Gardner Charter-Law with its Practice discovered CHAP. I. Newcastle upon Tynes Patron King John surnamed without land Raigned 17 Yeres and 7 monethes died ●9 dai● of october 121● Was buried att Worcester in the 51. Yere of his age A KIng John who usurped the Crown of England was only for formalities sake sworn by a Bishop who being demanded the reason why he did so said that by the gift of Prophecy certified that at some time King John would take the Crown and Realm of England and bring all to ruin and confusion he pretending the King his Brother was dead in the time of his being absent beyond Sea being the first Author of Charters for gain and people like himself for lucre of gain sold their Birth-right to become Bodies Corporate and oppressors of the free-born people of England For before Charters were all the Free-holders of England were free to make Laws for the good of the Nation but Corporations being subordinate to such Laws as he by his Prerogative gave them being repugnant to the known fundamental Laws of England In the first year of his reign dreadful tempestuous weathers by rains that the grounds were so spoiled that whereas corn was sold for one shilling the Boule in King Henry the seconds daies then cost 13 shillings the Boule also an abundance of fish found dead upon the Land by the corruption of the waters no hay could be mowed and hale as big as hens eggs B He was an Usurper a Tyrant a bloody person a Murderer a perjured person a covetous person a demolisher of famous Towns with fire and a seller of Englands Supremacy to the Pope whose reign was oppressive and end shame For further satisfaction I refer you to his true History I shall onely give a brief of some passages in his reign He made a Law that all Jews that would not turn Christians should pay a certain great sum of money or be imprisoned and when they did turn they they should have their money again a young Merchant paid 60 l. to continue a Jew and after turned to be a Christian then he demanded his money from the King but he being unwilling to part with money demanded what reason he had to turn and sent for his Father and Mother to dis-swade him and to perswade him to change again to be a Jew C He gave command that all the Jews in England and Wales to be forthwith imprisoned men women and children by reason they turned so fast to be of his Religion and then seized on all their riches to satisfie his covetous disposition and such as would not confess where their money was pulled out their teeth and eies and then took the thirteenth part of all estates moveable to war against the Earls of Marsh who desired him to forbear but he would not for which they dispossessed him of all his Lands in France c. He having little love to his Wife Izabel the Queen was divorced pretending she was too near of K●n to him and so took another D He murthered Duke Arthur Earl of Brittan his eldest Brothers Son being Heir to the Crown in the Castle of Roan in France and chased William de Branes out of England and caused his wife and children to be starved to death in Winsor Castle He dis-inherited many of the Nobility without Judgement of the Law and put to death Ramp Earl of Chester for reproving him for lying with his Brothers Wife and reproached others of his Nobles telling them how often he had defiled their beds and defloured their Daughters E He granted to the City of London their Charter and Letters Pattents to chuse their Mayor yeerly in the tenth year 1210 who governs well c. F He removed the Exchequer from London to Northampton and got a great Army to go against the King of Scots but the King of Scots met him and did him homage and gave him his two Daughters as pledges and Eleven thousand Scotch Marks and upon his return took homage of the Free-holders of England and sware them to his allegiance all above 11 years of age G He made oath to be obedient to the Pope of Rome by name Innocentius to Randolphe his B●ll who went with his Nobles to Dover where he met with the said Popes Bull and there resigned the Crown with the Realm of England and Ireland into the Popes hand See his Oath in chap. 59. B Upon which the Bishops who he had banished returned to England by leave from the Pope King John met them and fell flat upon his face on the ground and asked them forgiveness melting bitterly into tears c. H He grants the very next year after his power was given to the Pope unto the Town of Newcastle upon Tyne Letters Pattents to be a Corporation and to hold the said Town in Fee-farm at the rent of 100 l. per annum as by the said recited Letters Pattents in the second Chapter more at large appears An. 1213. Surely this Charter is not good by Law c. I He was the cause of firing the chief Town in Northumberland called Morpeth and caused many more Towns in England and Wales to be burnt The Barons of England being armed demanded of him the Laws and Liberties granted by King Edward the Confessor vulgarly called St. Edward he desired respite till Easter and gave Sureties to perform them K He met with the Barons of England in Running Meadow between Winsor and Stains upon the 16 of June granted under his hand to them the Liberties of England without

any difficulty and the whole Realm was sworn thereunto And soon after subtlely and privately sends to the Pope and other Nations for Armies to make void those Charters and Liberties granted to the Barons and to subdue England and promised them great rewards Forty thousand Souldiers that were to have Norfolk and Suffolk to conquer England for King John were all cast away on the Sea The Pope sends in great strength who landed at Dover and destroyed many Towns by fire and with the sword slew many thousands of people the Pope excommunicating the Barons particularly by their names great subversion and dissolution thereupon fell laying all Hedges and Ditches level tormenting the Barons with their wives c. L The Barons were necessitated to send for Lewis Son to the King of France for to come with an Army to joyn with them to conquer King John whose cruelties were intollerable which was done and King John overthrown and forced to flee towards Lin being poysoned by a Monk at Swinsted the reason he gave was that if he had lived half a year longer a half penny loaf would cost 20 s. he died and was buried at Worcester and King Henry the third Son to King John of nine years of age was crowned at Glocester c. M The reason of King John his granting Charters in England and making Corporations was for that he had but little land to raise great Rents from them and to assist him with strength by out-voting the Knights of M the Shires as is hereafter exprest For all Free-holders of England that had forty shillings a yeer met two times a yeer at Sessions Meadows neer Rockingham Castle in Northampton-shire and there made such Laws as the Nation was governed by and confirmed by the King N King John resolving to have Monies and Aid of men to go to Normandy to conquer them could not conveniently motion it by reason of the numerousnesse of the Free-holders but made a speech to them that he had contrived a very ●it and convenient way for the making Laws for the good of the whole Nation which was that by reason he conceived it a great trouble for all them to come so far for that purpose onely to make Laws that they would chuse two Knights of every Shire and County in England and Wales and give to them the full power of the Nation and then the said Knights to come and fit with him in Parliament at Westminster and also to allow them four shillings a day out of the County stock which more plainly appears in the Statute of 35. Hen. 8. Ch. 11. Knights to have 4 s. per diem and Burgesses 2 s. per diem O King John when he had got the hundred and four Knights in Parliament they having the full power of the Nation from the Free-holders immediately required from them great Subsidies and Armies to go for Normandy to recover such Lands as he had lost P The Knights answered they onely were intrusted to make Laws and not to taxe the Free-holders who had intrusted them and not to raise Armies and that by so doing they could not discharge the trust reposed in them Q The King finding his expectation frustrated having nothing doubted but to have wrought his design on so small a number Mastered his passion and not long after acquainted the Knights that he was sorry for the great burden which lay upon them for making Laws being for a publick and that they were too few in number and that he had found out a way how to ease them and bring in a great revenew to free the Nation from impositions R Which was that he resolved to Incorporate all the great Towns in England and Wales and depute Magistrates to govern as his Lieutenants and every Corporation should hold their Town in Fee-Farm from him and his heirs at a certain Rent some more others lesse according to the quality c. S Also that every Corporation should chuse two Burgesses to ●it and vote with them in Parliament they knowing the state of every County and the Burgesses of the Corporation by which means the Burgesses being more in number then the Knights might out-vote them and vote for him the Knights medled not therein at all but were out-voted by these Vassals and Tenants to the King they granting to him what ever he demanded or else must forfeit their Charters And he granted to them what ever they demanded c. T The Free-holders of England were represented in Parliament by their Knights in their Election And if the Burgesses were Free-holders then represented in the same Knights V But if the Burgesses were no Free-holders then no power in England to make Laws or to ●it in Parliament to out-vote the true Representative which are the Knights especially representing no body further then the will of the King who was onely to confirm Laws but not to make them King John had four considerations in making great Towns Corporations 1 To assume ● Prerogative 2 To raise vast sums of Mony 3 To divide the Nation 4 To enslave bodies Corporate by being his Vassals and Slaves Charters are no Laws and nothing is binding that is not lawful no Laws are made but by Parliament read Stat. 2. Edw. 3. 8. CHAP. II. Newcastles first Charter A KIng John by his Letters Pattents dated the day of in the fourteenth yeer of his Reign and in the Yeer of our Lord 1213. Granted Demised and Confirmed to the honest men of the Newcastle upon Tyne and to their Heirs his Town of Newcastle upon Tyne with all the Appurtenances to Fee-farm for one hundred pounds to be ●endred to the said King and his Heirs at his Exchequer to wit at the Feast of Ea●ter fifty pounds and at the Feast of St. Michael other fifty pounds saving to the said King the Rents Prizes and Assizes in the Port of the said Town Further he grants to them and confirmeth one hundred and ten shillings and six pence of Rent which they have by the gift of the said King in the said Town of Escheats to be divided and assigned to them who lost their Rents by occasion of a Ditch or Trench and of the new work made under the Castle towards the River or Water so that thereof they might have the more that lost the more and they that lost the lesse should have the lesse He also granted to them for him and his Heirs that in nothing they should be answerable to the Sheriffe nor to the Constable for those things which belong to them as the said Charter testifieth Wherefore he willeth and firmly commandeth that the said men and their Heirs may have and hold the same Town with its Appurtenances to Fee-farm for the said hundred pounds yeerly to be paid as is aforesaid well and in peace freely quietly and intirely with all Liberties and free Customes which they were wont to have in the time of King Henry the 2. Father of the said King

all Jurors and return all such Writ or Writs * touching the same as shall appertain to be done by my duty or Office during the time I shall remain in the said Office So help me Gd and by the Contents of this Book The reason I write these Oaths is that perjury may the better appear to be punished in Officers as well as others The Oath of a Jury C You shall truly enquire and due presentment make of all such things as you are charged withall on the Lord Protectors behalf the Lord Protectors Council your own and your fellows you shall well and truly keep and in all other things the truth present So help you God c. The Oath of those that give evidence to a Jury upon an Indictment D The Evidence you shall give to the enquest upon this Bill shall be the truth the whole Truth and nothing but the truth and you shall not let so to do for malice hatred or evil will nor for meed dread favor or affection So help you God and the holy Contents of this Book CHAP. LIX King Charls his Oath at his Coronation with his hand upon the Bible at the Altar A SIR Will you grant and keep and by your Oath confirm to the people of England their Lawes and Customs to them granted by the Kings of England your lawfull and Religious Predecessors and namely the Laws Customes and Franchizes granted to the Clergy and to the people by the King St. Edward your predecessor according and conformable to the Laws of God and profession of the Gospel established in this Kingdom and agreeing to the Prerogatives of the Kings thereof and to the antient Customs of this Realm Respons I grant and promise to keep SIR Will you keep peace and agreement intirely according to your power both to God the holy Church the Clergy and the people Respons I will keep it SIR Will you to your power cause Law Justice and Mercy in discretion and truth to be executed in all your Judgements Respon I will SIR Will you grant to hold and keep the Laws and rightfull Customs * which the Commonalty of your Kingdom have and to defend and uphold them to the honor of God so much as in you lieth Respons I grant and promise so to do and shall observe and keep So God me help and the Contents of this book King Johns Oath and fealty to the Pope Innocentius An. Dom. 1213. B JOhn by the Grace of God King of England France and Ireland from this hour forward shall be faithful to God and to St. Peter and to the Church of Rome and to my Lord Pope Innocentius and to his Successors lawfully entering I shall not be in word and deed in consent or counsel that they should loose Life or Member or be apprehended in evill manner their loss if I may know it I shall impeach and stay so far as I shall be able or else so shortly as I can I shall signifie unto them and declare the same unto you the Councill which they shall commit unto me by themselves their Messengers and their Letters I shall keep secretly and not utter to any man to their hurt to my knowledge the Patrimony of St. Peter and especially the Kingdom of England and Ireland And I shall endeavor my self to defend against all men to my power So help me God and the holy Evangelist Amen See his reassignation of the Liberties after this Oath to the Barons of the Liberties of England in ch 1. K CHAP. LX. The Oath of a Mayor of a Corporation A YOu shall swear that you well and truly shall serve the Keepers of the Liberties of England by authority of Parliament and the Commonwealth in the Office of a Mayor and as Mayor of this Town and Borough of Newcastle for and during the space of one whole year now next coming and you shall minister equal Justice as well to the poor as rich * to the best of your cunning wit and power and you shall procure such things to be done as may honestly and justly be to the profit and commodity of the Corporation of this Town And also shall indeavor your self to the utmost of your power to see all Heresies Treasons Fellonies and all other Trespasses Misdemeanors * and Offences whatsoever to be committed * within this Town and Borough during the time of your Office to be repressed reformed and amended * and the Offenders duly punished according to the Law * And finally you shall support uphold and maintain the Commonwealth within this Town prescribed Customs Rights Liberties Jurisdictions Franchizes Compositions and all lawful Ordinances of this Town and Borough * And as concerning all other things appertaining to your Office you shall therein faithfully and uprightly behave your selfe for the most quietness * benefit worship honesty and credit of this Town and of the Inhabitants thereof So help you God The Oath of Burgesses of Corporation B YOu shall swear that you well and truly shall serve the Keepers of the Liberties of England by authority of Parliament and the Inhabitants of this Town and Borough of this Town as one of the Burgesses of this Town and shall minister equall Justice to poor and rich after the best of your cunning wit and power And also shall well and truly observe perform fulfill and keep all such good Orders Rules and Compositions as are or shall be made ordered or established by the Common-Council of this Town for the good Government thereof in all things to you appertaining And you shall not utter or disclose any counsel or secret thing or matter touching the Fellowship or Corporation of this Town whereby any prejudice loss hinderance or slander shall or may arise grow or be to the same Corporation But you shall in things belonging to the Fellowship or Corporation of this Town faithfully honestly * and indifferently behave your self for the most benefit and honesty of this Town and the Inhabitants thereof So help you God The same Oath is for the Aldermen Where the Stars are in the Lines there will appear breaches CHAP. LXI The Oath of a Sheriff A YOu shall swear that you shall well and truly serve the Keepers of the Liberties of England by authority of Parliament in the Office of a Sheriff of the County of N. And do the Keepers of the Liberties of England profits in all that belongeth you to do by way of your Office as far forth as you may or can Yee shall truely keep the Keepers c. and all that belongeth to them Ye shall not assent to decrease to lessen nor to concealment of any of their Rights or Franchizes and whensoever yee shall have knowledge that their Rights be concealed or withdrawn be it in Lands Rents Franchizes or Suits or any other thing ye shall do your true power to make them be restored to them again And if ye may not do it ye shall certifie them thereof such as you know for certain will