Hales of Kent a man who both fauoured religion and was an vpright iudge would in no case subscribe to the Lady Iane. When king Edwarde was dead the xvj yere of his age Iane was established in the kingdome by the Nobles consent and so published in London and in other cities In the meane time while these things were a working at Londō Marie who had knowledge of her brothers death wryteth to the Lordes of the Counsell Queen Marie writeth to the Counsel a letter of challenge for their doing and claime to the Crowne To whom the Counsell writeth againe as to a Subiect requiring her to holde her so contented Wherby she perceiuing the nobles mindes bent against her flieth into the partes of Suffolke and kéepeth her close for a time within Fremingham castle where first of all resorted the Suffolke men for her aid promising her aid if that shée would not attempt the alteration of religion which king Edward before had established Q. Mary promiseth to maintaine religion Vnto which condition shée eftsoones agréed promising no innouation should be made in religion So beyng garded with the power of the Gospellers she did vanquish the Duke and all that came against her Ridley who before by the Counsels commaundement had preached at Paules crosse against her after shée was proclaimed Quéene sped him to Fremingham to salute her Quéene and being dispoiled of all his dignities Ridley sent to the Tower was sent backe againe on a lame horse to the Tower Now being Quéene she released Stephen Gardiner Q. Mary breaketh her promisse Popish bishops restored and the other put downe and made him lord Chancellour of England and B. of Winchester Doctor Poynet being put out She restored Boner to his Bishopricke and displaced Doctor Ridley Doctor Day to the Bishop of Chichester Iohn Scorie beyng put out Tunstall to Duresme Doctor Heath to Worcester and Iohn Hooper committed to the Fléete Hooper committed to the Fleete Doctor Vesey to Exceter and Myles Couerdall put out And moreouer summoneth a parliament against the x. day of October next ensuing and in the meane time directeth foorth an inhibition by proclamation Proclamation against the word of God that no man should preach or read in the Churches openly the word of God c. About this time Boner being restored he appointeth one Bourne a Canon in Paules to preach at the Crosse where hée so behaued himselfe in his preaching against King Edward that one hurled a dagger at the preacher A dagger hurled at the preacher who it was it could not bée knowne and such was the stirre that maister Bradford at the request of the preachers brother was faine to appease the tumult and himselfe with M. Rogers to conduct the preacher betwixt them to the Grammer schoole dore By reason of the tumult it was ordained that euery housholder should kéepe his seruants and children at their owne parishe Churches and that euery Alderman in his warde should foorthwith send for the Curates of euery Parish to warne them both to forbeare preaching themselues and also not to suffer any other to preach or make any solemne reading in the Church vnlesse they were seuerally licensed by the Quéene The next day at the sermon the Quéenes garde was present to garde the preacher and when men withdrew themselues from the sermon order was takē by the Mayor that the auncients of all companies should be present least the preacher should be discouraged by his small audience Anno 1553. The x. of August was one William Ruther committed to the Marshalsea for vttering certaine wordes against M. Bourne preacher for his sermō made at Paules crosse on Sunday last before The xvj of August was Humfrey Pelden committed to the counter for wordes against the said Bournes sermon at Paules crosse and a letter was sent to the Shiriffes of Buckingham and Bedford for the apprehending of one Fisher parson of Amersham a preacher and another was sent to the B. of Norwich not to suffer any preacher or other to preach or expound openly the Scriptures without speciall licence from the Quéene The same day was M. Bradford Bradford to the Tower M. Vernon and M. Beacon preachers committed to the charge of the Lieftenant of the Tower The same day also was M. Iohn Rogers M. Iohn Rogers prisoner preacher commaunded to kéepe himselfe prisoner in his owne house at Paules without hauing conference with any others but those of his owne house The xxij of August there were two letters directed one to M. Couerdall B. of Exceter and the other to M. Hooper B. of Glocester for their repaire to the Court and there to attend the Counsels pleasure The same day Fisher parson of Amersham made his appearance before the counsell according to the letter the xvj of August and was appointed the next day to bring in a note of his Sermon The 24. of August one Iohn Meluin a Scot and a preacher was sent to Newgate by the Counsel The 26. of Aug. there was a letter sent to the Maior of Couentrie his brethren for the apprehension of one Simons of Worcester and the Vicar of S. Michaels in Couentrie with a commission to them to punishe all such as had by meanes of his preaching vsed any talke against the Quéens procéedings The 29. of August Maister Hooper Hooper appeareth B. of Worcester made his personal appearance before the Counsel according to their letters the 22. of August The 31. of August M. Couerdale Couerdale appeareth B. of Exceter made his appearance before the Counsell according to their letters made the 22. of August Anno 1553. the first of September maister Hooper and M. Couerdale appeared againe before the Counsel whence maister Hooper was committed to the Fléete Hooper to the Fleet. and maistsr Couerdale to attend the Lords pleasures The 2. of Sept. Hugh Sanders Vicar of S. Michaels in Couentry was before the Counsel for a sermon commanded to appeare againe vpon munday next following The 4. of Sept. a letter was directed for maister Hugh Latimer to appeare before them About the fift day of Sept. the same yeere Peter Martyr came to London from Oxford where for a time he had béen commanded to kéepe his house and found there the Archb. of Canterbury Who offered to defende the doctrine of the booke of common prayer both by the scriptures and doctors assisted by Peter Martyr and a few other But whilest they were in hope to come to disputations the Archb. and others were imprisoned but Peter Martyr was suffered to return whence he came Peter Martyr returneth home whence he came The same day there was a letter sent to the Maior of Couentry to set Hugh Simons at libertie if he would recant his sermon or els to stay him and to signifie so much to the Counsel The 13. of September M. Hugh Latimer appeared Latimer appeareth before the Counsell according to their letter the 4.
by the riuer of Twide by Aydanus a Scottish Bishop The Nunnerie of Theorduton by Heuy who was the first Nun in Northumberland The Monasterie of Hetesey The first Nun in Northumberland by Oswy king of Northumberland who also with his daughter Elfred gaue possessiōs for xij Monasteries from the partes of Northumberlande anno 650 The Monasterie of Saint Martin in Douer by White-red king of Kent The Abbey of Lestingeye by Ceadda whom they call Saint Cedde through the graunt of Oswald sonne to saint Oswald king of Northumberland an 651 The Monasterie of Whitbie otherwise called Strenhalt by Hilda daughter to the Nephue of Edwin king of Northumberland an 657. Also another Monasterie called Hacanus not farre from the same place builded by the same Hilda the same yere The Abbey of Abingtō buylded by Cissa king of Southsex an 666 Also an Abbey in the East side of Lincolne called Ioanno by S. Botolph an 654 The Monasterie of Ely buylded by Etheldred or Edeldrida daughter of Anna king of East-angles and the wife of Elfride king of Northumberland in the yere six hundred seuentie foure The Monasterie of Chertsey in Southerie by Erkēwald B. of London an 674. throwen down by the Danes reedified by king Edgar The Nunnerie of Barking edified by the same Erkenwaldus B. of London about the same time The Abbey of Peterborough otherwise called Madehamsted founded by king Ethelwald king of Mercia anno 675 Badney Abbey by Etheldredus king of Mercia an 700 Glastenburie by Iua K. of the West-saxons and after repaired and enriched by king Edgar an 701 Ramsey in the time of king Edgar by one Alwinus a noble man an 673 K. Edg. builded 40. Abbeies K. Edgar buylded in his time xl Monasteries He raigned an 601 The Nunnerie of Winburne by Cuthburga sister to Insus K. Iuaes brother an 717 The Monasterie of Sealesey néere to the I le of Wight by Wilfridus B. of Yorke an 678 The Monasterie of Wincombe by Kenulphus king of Mercia an 737 S. Albons buylded by Offa K. of Mercia an 755 The Abbey of Euesam by Egwinus an 691 Ripon in the North by Wilfridus B. an 709 The Abbey of Echelinghey by K. Aluredus an 691 The Nunnerie of Shaftesburie by the same Aluredus the same yere King Ethelbald freed the churches monasteries The Church freed from tributes c. from all manner tributes and granted them great liberties Diuerse of the Saxon kings became mōkes as Knigilsus king of West-saxons Iue king of West-sex Diuerse Saxō kings become monkes Celulfus king of Northūberland Eadbertus king of Northumb. Ethelredus of Mercia Kemedus of Mercia Offa of East-saxons Selly of East-saxons Sigebertus king of East-angles There became also Quéenes kings daughters Queenes became nunnes with other noble women Nuns as Hilda daughter to the nephew of Edwin king of Northumberland Abbesse of the house of Ely Erchengoda with her sister Ermenilda daughter of Erkembertus K. of Kent which Erchengoda was professed in Brigets order in Fraunce Also Edelberga wife and Quéene to king Edwin of Northumberland and daughter of king Anna who was also in the same house made a Nunne Etheldreda whom they tearme Saint Eldred wife to king Egfred of Northumberland was professed Nunne at Helinges Werburga daughter of Vlferus king of Mercians was made Nunne at Ely Kinreda Sister of king Vlferus and Kinswida her sister were both professed Nunnes Sexburga daughter of king Anna King of Mercia and wife of Ercombert king of Kent was Abbesse at Ely Elfrida daughter of Oswe King of Northumberlande was Abbesse at Whitney Mildreda Wilburga and Milginda all thrée daughters of Merwaldus K. of West-mercians became Nunnes Bridburga the wife of of Alfride K. of Northumberland and sister to Ofricus K. of Mercia and daughter of king Penda was professed Abbesse in the Monasterie of Glocester Elfleda daughter of K. Oswy wife of king Penda his sonne became also a Nun Likewise Alfritha wife to king Edgar and Editha daughter to the same king Edgar with Wolfrith her mother and so forth As in the Britans time Vnder the Britons the Metropolitane sea at London and by the Saxons after the comming of Austin translated to Canterbury the Metropolitan Sea was at London so in the time of the Saxons after the comming of Austin it was remoued to Canterbury the names yéeres of which Metropolitanes till Egbert from Austin are these Augustinus 16. Laurentius 5. Mellitus 5. Iustus 3. Honorius 25. Deus dedit 10. Theodorus 22. all these were Italians Bertnaldus English 37. in whose time the monasterie of S. Martin was builded in Doroberne by Witredus and his brother kings of Kent Tacunius 3. Nothelinus 5. Cutbert forbiddeth funerals to be made for him Cuthbertus 17. He after his death forbad all funerals exequies or funerall lamentations to be made Lambrithus or Lambertus 27. In whose time king Offa translated the Metropolitane sea from Canterburie to Lichfield by the graunt of Pope Adrian being ouercome with apostolicall arguments as saith Flores historiarum that is with money In the time of 17. Archb. 34 Popes Ethelardus 13. who by his Epistles to Pope Leo obtained the Metrapolitan sea againe to Canterburie Vlfredus 28 Fegeldus 3 Celnocus 41. During the time of these seuentéene Archbishops there were 34. Popes of Rome Anno 826. Egbert notwithstanding he had sixe or eight against one of his men ouerthrew Bernulphus K. of Mercia The lande brought into one monarchy and called Anglia with other kings subdued the rest of the land into one monarchy and hauing called a counsel of his Lords at Winchester was by their aduises crowned king ouer all the land and caused the inhabitants to be called Angles and the Land Anglia This king when he had ruled the West-saxons and ouer the more part of England xxxvij yeres died and was buried at Winchester leauing his kingdome to Ethelwolfe which first was Bishop of Winchester and after vpon necessitie made king through the dispensation of Gregorie the fourth A B made king of England He gaue to the Church and Religious orders the tithes of al his goods and lands in West-saxons Lands geuen to the Church with libertie and fréedome from all seruage and ciuill charges Much like the donation of Ethelbaldus king of Mercia The ground of al their good workes and donations was remission of sinnes which they thought thereby to procure This doone taking his iourney to Rome with Alured his yoongest sonne committed him to the bringing vp of pope Leo the fourth Where he also reedified the English schoole at Rome which being founded by king Offa or rather Iue King of Mercia was in the tyme of King Egbert his Father consumed with fire Besides Peterpence throughout all England he granted to Rome of euery fire house a penny to bée payd throughout the land as king Iue in his dominion had doone before Also he gaue and graunted to be paid to Rome
exchange for the holie crosse and certaine other of the christian captiues After this King Richard purposed to besiege the City of Ioppe where by the way betwéene Ioppe and Achon néere to a towne called Ashur Saladine put to flight Saladin encountring the king was put to flight and the chase followed thrée miles by the christians so that he had not such a losse in 40. yeres before and but one Christian captaine called Iames Auernus in that conflict was ouerthrown From thence king Richard went to Ioppe then to Ascalon where he foūd Ioppe forsaken Ascalon thrown to the ground and the whole land of Syria forsaken throughout all which countrey the king had frée passage without resistance In the meane space of the kings absence William B. William ruffleth in the kings absence the B. of Ely ruffled and began to suspend the Canons Clearks vicars of the church as of S. Peter in Yorke because they receiued him not with procession Vnder which interdiction he held them til they were fain at last to to fal down at his feet causing al their bels to be let down out of the stéeple 1500. horse the Bishops traine He commonly neuer rode vnder 1500. horses of chaplens priests other seruing men waiting vpon him He was couetous giuen to wantonnes and intollerable pride and so long as it lasted held all vnder him but it lasted not long King Richard at his setting out toward Hierusalem left order that Earle Iohn and Gefferey his brethren shoulde not enter into England the space of 3. yéeres but Iohn was released afterward of that bond Also the K. being at Messana in Sicily sent his mother Alinor to the Pope for his brother Geffery elected before to the sea of Yorke to be cōsecrated Archb. but as she was trauelling to Rome Clement dieth pope Clemēt died the 6. day of April Celestine Pope in whose roome succéeded Celestinus the third who the next day after his consecration came from Laterane to S. Peters Church Where standing vpon the staires before the churchdoore of S. Peter he receiued an oath of Henricus king of the Almanes that he should defend the Church of God and al the liberties thereof mainteine iustice also to restore againe the patrimony of S. Peter ful and whole And finally surrender againe to the Church of Rome the city of Tusculanum c. Vpon this graunt the pope tooke him to the Church and annointed him for Emperour and his wife for Empresse who there sitting in his chaire pontificiall held the crowne of gold betwéene his féete The pope setteth the crown vppon the Emperors head with his feete and dasheth it off againe so the Emperour bowing down his head to the popes féete receaued the Crowne and the Empresse likewise The crowne béeing thus sette vppon his head the Pope eftsoones with his foote stroke it off againe declaring thereby that hée had power to depose him if hée deserued it Then the Cardinals taking vp the crowne set it on his head againe Now Geffery being cōsecrated through licence of the pope Celestine by the Archb. of Turon came into England After his consecration the Bishoppe of Ely hearing thereof charged him not to enter and to remember his oath made to the king at his setting forward toward Hierusalem moreouer he threatned to apprehend him The Archbishop notwithstanding arriued at Douer in the moneth of September where the Chauncellors men stood ready to apprehend him from whom he escaped and came to the monkes house of Douer Which house the Chancellors men beset so that he could not escape and on a day when he had sayde masse as hee was standing at the Altar with his garments yet about him they rushed in and layde handes vppon him bounde him and drewe him through the dyrt The Archbish rudely handled and so committed him to Mathewe Clarke theyr Constable to bee kept These thinges beeyng brought to his Brothers eare the Earle Iohn hee the twelfth of October and the Archbishoppe of Roan with all the Bishops Earles and Barons and Citizens of London assembled together in Paules-churche where Ruffeling W. deposed for his great enormities they agreed to depose William the ruffeling Chauncellour and to place in his roome the Archbishop of Roan The third day after this the Chancellor came to Douer where he remained a few dayes and contrarie to his promise purposed to take shipping to passe ouer the Seas and disguised himselfe in the apparel of a woman hauing in his hand a meat-wand and on his arme a péece of linnen cloth And thus as he was sitting vpon a rocke wayting for his ship a certaine Fisherman espying him W. is taken disguised like a woman and supposing him to be an harlot came to him and so with striuing with him found him to be a man whereat hee wondred and began to make an outcrie against him Whereupon came great multitudes wondring at him haling and drawing him by the collar and sléeues through stones and rockes and at length laid him in a darke celler in steade of a prison Now Earle Iohn hearing of this within viij dayes after sent word that they should deliuer him and let him goe W. goeth ouer Sea So he went ouer Sea and directed letters to the Pope of the iniuries done vnto him and also into Siria vnto king Richard Vpō which complaint Pope Celestine wrote a thundering letter vnto the prelates of England that they should with book bell and candle procéed against earle Iohn and other his adherents with no lesse seueritie then if the iniuries had béene done vnto his owne person c. But none could be got to execute the commandement of the Pope And the other part wrote likewise to king Richard complayning of the abuses of the Chancellor This Bishop of Elie wrote vnto him that the French king set vp Iohn his brother to possesse his kingdome being councelled thereunto by the Templars Whereupon the K. séeing the Duke of Burgundie The K taketh truce with the Saracens the Frenchmen shrinke from him toke truce offered by the Saracens vpon the condition that if the king would restore vnto him againe Silauonia in as good state as it was when he tooke it he would graunt to him and to all Christians in the lande of Ierusalem truce for thrée yeres Not long after an 1193. the next Spring hee returned and in his iourney by the tempestes of weather about the partes of Histria The K taken in his returne from the Saracens warre and sold to the Emperour Chalices crosses and shrines sold to redeem the king in a Towne called Sinaca was there taken by Lympold Duke of the same Countrey and so solde to the Emperor for 60000. markes and was kept by him in custodie a yere and thrée monethes and at length released for 14000. Poundes which Summe of money was here gathered and made in England of Chalices Crosses Shrines and other Church
London to haue their former acts confirmed at which time came two Cardinalles from Rome with letters sent vnto the nobles from the pope The nobles answered to the message of the Cardinals that as touching themselues they should be at all times welcome vnto them but as for their letters forasmuch as they were men vnlettered and onely brought vp in feats of warre therfore cared they not for séeing the same neither would they speak with the Legates concerning their busines Yet at the last through the mediation of the Archb and the Earle of Glocester the matter was taken vp betwixt the King and the Nobles Anno 1313 Robert Winchelsey died in whose roome Robert Cobham was elected by the King and Church of Canterbury but the Pope did frustrate that election and placed Walter Renald Walter Renald Bishop of Worcester About this time died Pope Clement the 5. Clement 5. dieth who kéeping in Fraunce neuer came to the sea of Rome after whose death the Papacie stood voide two yeares Papacie voide two yeares After Clement succéeded pope Iohn the 22. who sent two Legates from Rome vnder pretence to set agréement betwixt the king of EnglaÌ„d and the Scots they for their charges and expeÌ„ces required of euery spiritual person iiii d. in euery mark Iohn 22. Pope maketh profite of the variance of princes but all in vaine For the legates as they were in the North partes about Derlington with their whole familie and traine were robbed spoiled of their horses treasure apparel and whatsoeuer else they had and so with an euil fauoured handling retired backe againe to Duresme where they staied a while waiting for an answere from the Scots But when neither the popes legacie neither his curse would take any place with the Scots they returned againe to London where they first excommunicated and cursed as blacke as soote all those arrogant and presumptuous robbers of Northumberland Secondly for supplying of the losses receiued they exacted of the clergie to be giuen vnto them 8. pence in euery marke But the Clergie thereunto would not agrée séeing it was their owne couetousnes as they said that made them venture farther then they néeded viii d. in euery marke only they were contented to relieue them after 4. pence in the marke further they would not graunt And so they departed to the popes court againe Michael house founded in Cambridge In the time of this king the Colledge in Cambridge called Michaell house was founded by Sir Henry Stanton knight About the same time also was Nicholaus de Lyra Nicholaus de lyra which wrote the ordinarie glosse of the Bible also Guilielmus Occham Guilielmus Occham a worthie deuine of a right sincere iudgement as the times then would eyther giue or suffer Among others which the King did trouble and take reuenge of for the rebellion of the Barons was one Adam Adam Bishoppe of Hereford who beyng appeached of treason with other more was at length arrested in the Parlement to appeare and answere to that should be layd against him To which the Bishop answered I an humble minister and member of the Church of God and Bishop consecrate albeit vnworthy can not neyther ought to answere to these so high matters without the authoritie of the Archbishop of Canterbury my direct iudge and next vnder the high Bishoppe of Rome whose suffragane also I am and the consent likewise of other my fellow Bishops After which woordes the Archbishop and other Bishops made humble sute for him to the King But when the King would not be woon nor turned with any supplication the Bishops together with the Archbishops and Clergie comming with their crosses tooke him away chalenging him for the church without any further answere making charging moreouer vnder the censures of the church and excommunication none to presume to lay any further handes vpon him The king commanded notwithstanding to procéede in iudgement and the iurie of twelue men to goe vpon the inquisition of his cause who finding and pronouncing the bishop to be guiltie the king caused immediatlie all his goods and possessions to be confiscate to himselfe Moreouer made his plate and all his houshold stuffe to be throwen out of his house into the streete But yet he remayned still vnder the protection of the Archbishop This Archb. was called W. Winchelsey after whom succéeded S. Mepham Anno one thousand thrée hundred Simon M. and twentie seuen R. Auesb. After P. Clement v. by whose decease the Romane Sea stood vacant two yéeres and thrée moneths Next was elected pope Iohn 22. Clement 5. a Cistercian Monke who sat in the papacie 18. yéeres a man so stout inflexible and giuen much to heaping vp of riches A great heresie that he proclaimed them Heretikes that taught that Christ his Apostles had no possessions of their owne in the world At this time was Emperour Ludouicus Bauarus Ludouicus Bauarus Emperour a worthy man who with this Pope and other that followed him had no lesse contention then had Fredericus before Contention betwixt the pope Emp. 24. yeeres in somuch that this contention continued 24. yéeres The cause thereof rose of the constitution of Clement 5. predecessor to this Pope by whom it was ordeined that Emperours elected by the Germanine princes might be called kings of the Romanes but might not enioy the title and right of the empire without their confirmation giuen by the pope Wherfore this Emperour because he vsed the imperiall dignitie in Italie before he was authorized by the P he excommunicated him and notwithstaÌ„ding the Emperour did oftentimes offer vp himself to make intreatie of peace Pope hath full power to create and depose Emperors at his pleasure yet the inflexible pope would not bend mainteining that he had full power to create and depose kings and Emperours at his pleasure In the same time were diuers learned men who did greatly disallow the B. of Romes doings among whoÌ„ was Guilielmus Occham whose Tractations were afterwarde condemned by the Pope for writing against the Temporal iurisdiction of their Sea and another named Marsilinê° Patauinus Marsilius Patauinus who wrote the booke called Defensor pacis Defensor pacis giuen vp to the handes of the Emperor wherein the controuersie of the Popes vsurped iurisdiction in thinges Temporall is largely disputed the vsurping authoritie of the same sea set foorth to the vttermost At length when the Emperor after much suite at Auinion could not obteine his Coronation CoÌ„ming to Rome he was there receaued with great honor where he with his wife were both crowned by the ful consent of all the Lords and Cardinals there and another Pope there set vp called Nicholas the fifte After which things Pope Nicholas v. the Pope not long after died at Auinion in France whome succéeded Benedictus the twelft Benedict xii a Monke of Benedictus order and reigned vij yeres Who by
Oxford notwithstanding he well supported Iohn of Gaunt Lord H. Percie fauourers of VVic and friended of the King and other as Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster and the Lord Henrie Percie by whom he bare out the malice of the friers till the yere of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred seuentie seuen The opinions for which he was depriued in Oxforde The opinions of VVic were these That the Pope had no more power to excommunicate any man than an other and that to absolue is as much in any Priestes power as in his That when Ecclesiasticall persons doe sinne habitualiter continuing in the same still the Temporall powers may and likewise ought to take away from them that which hath béene before bestowed vpon them c. He touched also the matter of the sacrament prouing that in the same the accidents did not remaine without the substaunce both by the Scriptures and ancient Doctours About the yéere 1376. the Bishops still vrging and stirring vp their Archbishop Simon Sudbury which before had depriued him and afterward prohibited him not to stirre any more in those kind of matters had obtained by processe and order of citation to haue him brought before them wherevpon both place and time for him to appeare after their vsuall forme was to him assigned The Duke hauing intelligence that Wickliffe his Client should come before the bishops fearing that he being but one should be too weak against such a multitude calleth vnto him out of the orders of Friers foure Batchelers of diuinity out of euery order one to ioyne them with Wickliffe for the more surety Whē the day was come for Wickliffe to appeare which was Thursday the 19. of February Iohn Wickliffe accompanied with the Friers Wickliffe brought before the Bishops and with them also the Duke of Lancaster and Lord Henry Piercey Lord marshall of England the said Lord Piercey going before him to make roome and way where Wickliffe shoulde come such was the throng of the multitude in Paules Church which was the place appointed that the Lordes for all the puissaunce of the high Marshall scarce could with great difficultie gette way thorough In so much that the Bishop of London Wil. Courtney sonne to the Earle of Deuonshire séeing the stirre that the Lord Marshall kept in the Church among the people speaking to the Lorde Piercie said that if hee had knowen what masteries he would haue kept in the church he would haue stopped him for comming in there Whereupon grewe words At last after much wrastling they preased thorow and came to our Ladies Chappell where the Duke and barons were sitting together with the Archbishops and other Bishops before whom stood Iohn Wickliffe to know what should be laid against him To whom first spake the Lord Percie bidding him sit downe saying Wickliffe bid sit downe hée had many things to answere vnto and therefore had need of some soft seate But the Bishop of Lincolne cast into a fumish heat sayd he should not sit there neither said he was it according to law c. wherevpon grewe great heat of speach among them The Duke also taking part with the Lord Percie From braule to threates rebuked the Bishop who went so farre beyond the Duke in rayling that the Duke as the Author saith was ashamed because hée could not ouerpasse the Bishop in brawling and therefore fell to plaine threatning wherevpon the contention grew so great that the councell broken vp with scolding and brauling for that day was dissolued before nine of the clocke About this time a proude bishop of Norwich was wounded and sore hurt A prowde B. wounded with his traine dispersed at the towne of Lennam for that he presumed to take vpon him to cōmaund a mace or tipstaffe belonging to the chiefe gouernour of the towne to be carried before him Anno 1377. In the moneth of Iune 21. day died Edward 3. that after he had raigned 51. yéeres who of all the kings of the realme vnto king Henry the 8. K. Edward dieth the greatest brideler of the pope was the greatest brideler of the Popes vsurped power whereby Iohn Wickliffe was maintained with ayd sufficient Richard the second succéeded his father beyng but eleuen yéeres of age and in the same yéere of his Fathers decease was crowned at Westminster anno 1371. Wickliffe notwithstanding he were forbidden by the bishops continued yet with his fellowes going barefoot and in long friers gownes Wickliffe goeth barefoote preaching Articles out of Wickliffes preachings as their manner was preaching diligently to the people out of whose Sermons chiefly these articles were collected That the Eucharist is the body of Christ but figurately That Rome is not the head of churches and that Peter had no more giuen vnto him then other apostles That the pope had no more the keies then any other within the order of priesthood that the Lords temporall may take away the temporalities of the clergy offending habitualiter are bound vnder paine of damnation to take them away frō any Church so offending That the gospell is the onely sufficient rule of life That neither the Pope nor any other prelate of the church ought to haue prisons wherein to punish transgressors c. Which were collected with diuerse more by the Bishops and sent to Pope Gregory at Rome where the Articles beyng perused and read Wickliffes articles condēned for hereticall were condemned by 23. Cardinals to be hereticall An. 1378. pope Gregory sendeth his Bull by the hands of one M. Edmund Stafford directed vnto the vniuersitie of Oxford rebuking them sharply imperiously like a pope for suffering so long the doctrine of Wickleffe to take roote which Bull when it came to be exhibited to their hands The Popes bull against Wickliffe the Proctors and Maisters of the vniuersitie ioyning together in consultation stood long in doubt deliberating with themselues whether to receiue the Popes Bull with honour or to reiect it with shame Beside this Bull sent to the Vniuersitie of Oxford pope Gregory directed moreouer his letters the same time to the Archbishop of Canterbury Simon Sudbury and to the Bishop of London William Courtney with the conclusions of Iohn Wickliffe therein enclosed commaunding them by vertue of those his letters apostolicall and straightly inioyning them to cause the sayd Iohn Wickliffe to be apprehended and cast into prison and that the King and the Nobles should be admonished The Pope diligent against Wickliffe not to geue any credit to the doctrine of Wickliffe c. Besides this Bull to the Archbishop of Canterburie and the Bishop of London he wrote two other letters concerning the same matter to the same Bishops dearing the same date of day and yéere in the seuēth yéere of his papacie 11. Kalend. Iunij Moreouer besides all these buls letters he directeth an other Epistle bearing the same date vnto king Richard the 2. touching the same matter The articles included in the
Doctors answered againe with a long and tedious processe the scope whereof principally tended to the defence of the principality of the pope Thus then maister Ioh. Husse being driuē out of Prage and moreouer being excommunicated that no masse might be said where he was present the people began mightely to grudge and crie out against the Prelates laying great and horrible vices to their charges The K. seing the inclination of the people The people against the Prelates being also not ignorant of the vices of the cleargie began to require great exactions of such as were knowen to be wicked liuers Whereupon such as fauoured Iohn Husse begā to accuse many In so much that by this meanes None controleth Husse Husse began to take vnto him more libertie and to preach in his church at Bethlehem and none to controll him Now Steuen Paletz and Andreas de Broda chiefe doers against Husse wrote vnto him sharpe and cruell letters The Pope also writeth letters to Vinceslaus the King for suppressing of Iohn Husse and his doctrine which was in the last yéere of his Popedome An. 1414. This yéere Sigismund the Emperour and Pope Iohn 23. Councell of Constance To pacifie the Schisme of three Popes called a sinod for the pacifying of the Schisme at Constance which was betwéene the thrée popes The first wherof was Iohn whom the Italians set vp the second Gregory whom the Frenchmen set vp the third Benedict whom the Spaniards placed This councell endured foure yéeres and had in it 45. A Councell that lasteth foure yeeres and had 45. Sessions Sessions In this councell all the matters were decided chiefly by foure nations English Germaine French and Italian out of which foure nations were appointed and chosen foure presidents to iudge and determine all matters of the Councelles the names of which foure were these Iohn the patriarch of Antioch for France Anthonie Archb of Rygen for Italy Nicholas Archb. of Genesuensis for Germany and Nicholas Bishop of Bath for England In this Councel nothing was decréed worthy of memorie but this onely that the Popes authority is vnder the Councell The Councell ought to iudge the Pope and that the councel ought to iudge the Pope and as touching the Communion in both kindes although the Councell did not denie it yet by the same Counsell it was decréed to the contrarie In this Councell Iohn did resigne his Papacie for the quiet of the schisme and the Emperor geuing him thanks kissed his féete Afterward the same Iohn repenting him that he had so done sought meanes to flie whereunto Frederike Duke of Austrich did assist him and when hee was nowe comming to Schafezonse P. repenteth of wel doing to goe into Italie the Emperour pursuing tooke him and proclaymed Frederike traytor and for that cause tooke away Cities from him but was at last reconciled againe The Pope being thus deposed was committed vnto the County Palantine and by him caried to the castle of Manheim where hée was kept prisoner by the space of 3. yéeres and afterward he was againe by Pope Martin admitted to the number of the Cardinals This pope Iohn was deposed by the decrée of the councel more then 40. most grieuous crimes proued against him 40. articles against Pope Iohn as that he had hired Marsilius Parmensis a physicion to poison Alexander his predecessor that he was an heretike a simoniake a lier an hipocrite a murtherer an inchanter a dice-player an adulterer a sodomite finally what crime was it wherewith he was not infected c. In the 14. Session came in the resignatiō of P. Gregory 12. The 37. Session did publish definitiue sentence against the 3. pope Benedict in the 39. they procéeded to elect a new pope on S. Martins éeuen they chose one Pope Martin therfore named him Martin who according to the custome was honorably brought by the Councell and the Emper. into the church of Constance vnto the monastery of S. Austine to be crowned The Emperor leadeth the popes horse the Emp. on foot leading his horse by the bridle on the right hand the marques of Brandēburgh prince elector also leading his horse on the left hand the P. himselfe riding in the midst on his palfrey The Councell being dissolued a cardinall was sent by the P. named Anthony to declare his Indulgēce vnto them who granted to euery point in that coūcel ful absolution once in their life so that euery one within 2. moneths after the hearing of this Indulgence should procure the same in forme of writing Also an other Indulgēce was graunted of full remission at the houre of death that was aswel vnderstood of the houshold as the Maisters thēselues but vnder this condition that from the time of notification of the same The popes Indulgence they should fast euery Friday for the space of one whole yéere for absolutiō in their life time And for absolution in the howre of death that they should fast an other yéere in like sort except some lawfull impediment so that after the second yéere they should fast out their liues end or els do some other good worke This beyng proclaimed the Synode brake vp and euery man departed 3940. Prelats at the Councell The nūber of prelates at this councell was 3940. wherof the number of B. Archb. was 346. Abbots doctors 564. Secular mē princes dukes erles knights esquires 16000. Common women belonging to the councell Common women belonging to the councell 450. 450. Barbers 600. Minstrels cookes iesters 329. So that the whole multitude which were viewed to be in the towne of Constance betwéene Easter Whitsontide where nūbred to be 60500. Now although this councell was thought principally to be called to appease the schisme yet a great part of the cause was the Bohemians and especially for Iohn Husse For before the Councell began the Emperour Sigismund sent certaine gentlemen Bohemians which were of his owne houshold giuing them in charge to bring Iohn Husse bacheler of Diuinitie to the Councell and that vnder his safeconduct to the entent he should purge himselfe of that which they had to lay against him Iohn Husse trusting vpon the Emperours safecōduct sent word to the Emperour that he would come to the Councell and with all caused certaine bils to be written in Latine Bohemian and Almaine language that if any one had to obiect ought against him hée should come to the councell and there he would answere him The same time also Iohn Husse sent his Procurators to the lord Bishop of Nazareth ordained by the Apostolicke sea inquisitour of heresie in the cities and dioces of Prage requiring that if he found any errour in him he would declare it openly The Bishop giueth good testimony of Husse But the Bishop gaue good testimonie of Iohn Husse and signified the same by his letters Iohn Husse also required of the Archbishop of Prage that if he knew any errour
paide for the will of Syr William Compton knight as Syr Henrie Guilforde knight one of the executors declared in open Parliament The second cause the great polling which the spirituall men vsed in taking of corpes presents or mortuaries The thirde that priestes being surueyors stewards and officers to Bishops Abbots c. had and occupied farmes graunges and grasing in euery countrey The fourth cause was that Abbots Priors and spirituall men kept Tannehouses and bought and solde wooll cloth and all manner of marchandise as other temporall marchants did The fift cause was their non residencie from their flocks and residencie in the court of Lords houses The sixt was that vnlearned priestes had tenne or twelue benefices and learned scholers in the vniuersities wanted both benefice and exhibition all which grieuances were redressed the same parliament During the same parliament there was brought downe to the commons the booke of Articles which the Lordes had put vp to the king against the Cardinall the chiefe whereof were these First that hée without the Kinges consent had procured himselfe to bée Legate Articles against the Cardinall 2. In all writinges that hee wrote to Rome he wrote I and my King 3. That hée slaundered the Church of Englande to the Court of Rome I and my king which hée saide was facta in reprobum sensum 4. Hée without the Kinges assent carried the great seale with him into Flaunders when hee was sent Embassadour to the Emperour 5. Without the kinges consent hee sent commission to Iohn Gregorie de Cassalis Knight to conclude a league betweene the king and the Duke of Ferrarie 6. That he hauing the Frenchpockes presumed to come and breath on the king The Cardinall had the Frēchpocks The Cardinal confesseth the Articles 7. That hee caused the Cardinals hatte to bee put on the kinges coyne 8. That hee had sent innumerable substance to Rome for the obtayning of his dignities to the impouerishing of the Realme These Articles were confessed all of the Cardinall and assigned with his hand Anno. 1531. Notwithstanding the kings goodnesse towardes him the Cardinall being in his Dioces The Cardinal vnthankfull to the king wrote to the Court of Rome and to diuers other Princes letters in reproche of the king and endeuoured to winne fauour of the people with pompe and great gifts to the Gentlemen which the king although he knew his doings dissembled all that yeare till he saw his heart so lifte vp with pride that hee thought it not conuenient to suffer him any longer so he directed his letters to the Earle of Northumberland The Cardinall arrested and prisoned willing him with all diligence to arrest him and to deliuer him to the Earle of Shrewsburie which was accordingly done and the vi day of Nouember he was conueied from Cawood to Sheffielde Castle and there deliuered to the Earle of Shrewesburies keeping When the Cardinall was thus arrested the king sent Sir William Kingstone knight Captaine of the Garde and Constable of the Tower of London to fetch the Cardinall to the Tower when the Cardinall saw the Captain of the Garde he was so sore astonished that shortly after hee became sicke men said he willingly tooke such quantitie of a strong purgation that his nature was not able to beare it and the matter that came from him was so blacke that the stayning thereof could not be gotten out of the Blankettes by any meanes By easie iourneies he was brought to the Abbey of Leicester the xxvij day of Nouember where for very feeblenesse of nature The Cardinall dieth caused by purgations and vomits he died the second night following and there lyeth buried It is testified by one yet liuing in whose armes the Cardinall died that his bodie being dead was blacke as pitche and was so heauie that sixe could scarce beare him and furthermore did so stincke aboue the ground The Cardinals bodie did stinke aboue ground that they were constrayned to hasten the buriall thereof in the night season before it was day At the which buriall such a tempeste with such a stinke there arose that all the Torches went out and so he was throwen into the Tombe This Cardinall founded a new Colledge in Oxford for the furniture whereof he had gathered together all the best learned he could heare of amongst which number were these Clarke Tyndall Sommer Frith and Tauerner with other mo Which holding assemblie together in the Colledge were counted to be Heretikes and thereupon were cast into a prison of the Colledge where was kept Saltfish through the stinke whereof the most part of them were infected and Clarke thereof died being young and tender and a man of singular learning among them all And other in other places in the Towne also of the same infection deceassed In the time of the Cardinall Master Humfrey M. Humfrey who was a right godly and sincere Alderman of London was troubled and put in the Tower for the Gospel of Christ and for the mainteyning of them that fauoured the same but at length he was forced to abiure Abiure and after was made knight by the king and Sheriffe of London Anno 1530. Thomas Hitten 1530. Tho. Hitten Martyr a Preacher at Maidstone after long torments sundry imprisonments by Wil. Warham Bishop of Caunterburie and Fisher Bishop of Rochester was burned at Maidston for the testimonie of the trueth Anno 1531. Thomas Bilney 1531. Tho. Bilney of Cambridge professour of both Lawes conuerted Thomas Arthur and M. Hugh Latimer then Crossebearer at Cambridge on procession daies and preached against the intollerable pride of the Cleargie and the authoritie of the Bishop of Rome being associate with Arthur whereof the Cardinall hearing cast him into prison and anno 1527. accompanied with a great number of Bishops as Caunterburie Cutbert of London Iohn of Rochester c. came into the chapterhouse at Westminster where Bilney Arthur were brought before them Where the Cardinall demaunded whether Bilney had preached any of the opinions of Luther contrarie to the Catholike Church Whereto Bilney answered negatiuely being asked againe of the Cardinall whether he had not taken an oath not to preach or defend any of the opinions of Luther he graunted he had so sworne but not lawfully Which Interrogatories so ministred and answere made the Cardinal caused him to sweare to answere plainly to the Articles and errours preached and set foorth by him Who hauing béene thus sworne and examined the Cardinal procéeded to the examination of M. Arthur there present causing him to take the like oath Then the Cardinall and the Bishops by their authoritie ex officio did call for witnesses against M. Bilney Iohn Huggen chéefe Prouinciall of the Fryers Preachers throughout all England Geffrey Iulles and Richard Iugwoorth Professors of diuinitie of the same order Also W. Ierkett Gentleman William Nelson and Thomas Williās and so the Cardinall because he was otherwise occupied in the affaires
the time of Licinius till Iohn Wickliffe was bound vp Sathan bound vp til Wicliffe Constantine deferred baptisme till his old age because he determined a iourney into Persia and thought in Iordan to haue béene baptized He entered into the Empire Anno 311. and raigned 30. yéeres as Letus saith 32. lacking two moneths Constantine borne in England Helena daughter of king Coilus Constantines mother He was borne in Brytaine His mothers name was Helena daughter of king Coilus He greatly trauelled for the peace of Christians and before hée had conquered Licinius wrote to his subiects inhabiting the East in their fauour He set also peace among the Bishops in the Church who were at dissention and made prouision for ministers and teachers of the people and caused all to be restored vnto the Christians that had béene taken from them in the persecutions Constantine a father of the Church writing to Syluius his chiefe Captaine to that end and commaunded him that in Affrica where he had to doo and where Cecilianus was bishop that Clarkes and ministers should be freed from all manner publike duties burthens He was greatly studious in taking vp causes among the bishops and wrote to that end to diuers as to Miltiades bishop of Rome to Crescēs bishop of Siracusa to Cecilianus bishop of Carthage also to Eusebius for the edifying of new Churches And after he had gathered the Nicene Councell Nicene councell for the vnitie of the Church he writeth to Alexander and Arrius to the same entent He prescribed a certaine prayer for euery one of his souldiers in stead of a brief Catechisme caused them to learne the same Constantine teacheth his souldiers a prayer which is this Wée acknowledge thée onely to be our God we confesse thée onely to be our king we call vpon thée our onely helper by thée we obtaine our victories by thée we vanquish our enemies to thée we attribute whatsoeuer commodities we presently enioy and by thée we hope for good things to come vnto thée we direct all our suits and peticions most humbly beséeching thée to kéepe Constantine our Emperour and his noble children to continew in long life and to giue them victory ouer all their enimies through Christ our Lord. Amen He graunted great immunities to the ministers that they might appeale from the ciuil iudge to their bishop Appeale granted by Constantine whose sētence was of as great value in such cases as if the Emperour himselfe had pronounced it He prouided also maintenance for liberall artes and sciences for the professors Prouision for learning their wiues and children and gaue thē great immunities He wrote also to Eusebius the B. of Nicomedia to procure 50. volumes of parchment wel boūd and cause to be written out of the scripture therein in a legeable hand The scriptures written for the vse of the church such things as were profitable for the instruction of the Church and allowed him two ministers for the businesse Finally he was a father to the Church and enforced himselfe euery way to set forth the Gospel and euery good thing and endeuoured to suppresse the contrary Constantine baptised a little before his death He was baptised at Nicomedia of Eusebius Bishoppe of Nicomedia in the 31. yéere of his raigne a little before his death The end of the ten persecutions The rest of this history concerneth chiefly the affaires of the Church of England and Scotland The rest of this history concerneth chiefly England and Scotland England receiued the Gospel in Tyberius time GIldas affirmeth that Britain receiued the Gospel in the time of Tiberius the Emperor vnder whom Christ suffred and that Ioseph of Arimathea after the dispersiō of the Iews was sent of Philip the apostle out of France into Britain ann 63. And here remained al his time and laid the foundation of the Gospel Easter kept in England after the maner of the East church The Gospel came into Enland from the Cast and not from Rome In the time of Bede almost a thousand yeeres after Christ as he testifieth Easter was kept after the manner of the East Church in the full moone what day of the wéeke soeuer it fell and not on the sunday as we doe now Wherby it may appeare that the preaching of the Gospell came into this land from the East and not from Rome About the yéere 180. King Lucius sonne of Coilus king of Britains which now are called English men hearing of the miracles done by Christians in diuers places K. Lucius the first Christian K. of England Fugatius and Damianus at that time wrote to Eleutherius B. of Rome to receiue of him the Christian faith who sent him therevpon certain preachers Fugatius or by some Faganus and Damianus or Dimianus which conuerted first the king and the people of Britain and baptized them and subuerted the temples and monuments of idolatrie And the 28 Flamines they turned to bishops and thrée Achflamines to thrée Archbishops hauing their seates in thrée head cities London Yorke and Glamorgantia by Wales This king also sent to him for the Romane lawes to frame his people therafter who answered that the lawes of God was to be his direction for lawes and not the Romanes that might be reproued the other being without exception Thus was the Christian faith confirmed in this lande by the meanes of Eleutherius Eleutherius and therein it continued two hundred and sixtéene yeres till the comming of the Pagane Saxons King Lucius raigned 77. yeres and died without issue the yere of our Lord 201. the xiiij yere after his baptisme some say the iiij and some the tenth and was buried at Glocester By reason that the king died without issue the Lande was spoyled and the Romanes inuaded and became sometimes masters When they raigned Gentilisme was aduaunced and when the Britaines the Gospell Albeit no persecution touched the Britaines that is read of Almost all Christianitie destroyed in England before the last persecution of Dioclesian and Maximinianus Herculeus At which time all Christianitie was almost in the whole land destroyed Now the Britanes being greatly distressed and brought to miserie the Archbishop of London called Gnetelinus procured helpe out of lesse Britanie and brought ouer Constantinus the kings brother by whose meanes the state of Religion and Common-wealth was in some quiet all the time of Constantine and the Archbishop till Vortiger cruellie caused his Prince to be slaine and inuaded the Crown Gnetelinus Archb. of London And fearing the other two brethren of Constantine his Prince Aurelius and Vter in litle Britaine he caused aide to be sent for to the Saxons being then Infidels and married him selfe also with Rowen an Infidel the daughter of Hengist Which Hengist depriued him and his people and droue the Britaines out of their Countrey after that the Saxons had slaine of their Nobles two hundred thrée score and eleuen some say foure
hundred and thréescore 271. of the Nobilitie of England slaine by the Saxons Which miserie fell vpon them for couetousnes and oppression in their Princes wickednes in the Iudges slouthfulnes of the Bishops in neglecting their dueties of preaching and ryot and wantonnes of the people as saith Gildas in his chronicle This fell out in anno 469. The Captaines of the Saxons were Hengistus and Horsus Now the first persecution in this Lande began vnder Dioclesian an 210. The first persecution in England by Dioclesian The second by Gnauius and Melga The second was by the inuading of Gnauius Melga whereof the first was Captaine of the Hunnes and the other of the Pictes Which two Tyrants after the slaughter of Vrsula Vrsula and 11000. noble Virgins 11000. Virgins made their rode into Britaine At what time they made a miserable murther of Christians spoyling and rasing Churches without regarde either of women or children The third by Hengist The third by Hengest and the Saxons who destroyed like raging wolues the silie shéepe till Aurelius Ambrosius came Aurelius Ambrosius restoreth the churches and restored againe the Churches destroyed The fourth was by Gurmundus Gurmundus a pagā king of the Affricans who ioyning with the Saxons wrought much mischiefe against the Christians In so much that Theonus B. of London and Thaodiceus of Yorke with the rest of the people did pack away some into Cornewall some into the mountaines of Wales an 550. and remayned till the time of Ethelbert Ethelbert king of Kent an 589. In whose reigne the faith was first receiued of the Englishmen Gospell receiued of the Englishmen Austen sent into England by Gregory B. of Rome by meanes of Gregorie bishop of Rome who in the yere 598. sent Austen into England and with him about xl Preachers to instruct and conuert the people The occasion was offered by séeing certain children of the land to be sold at Rome where considering their beautie he had compassion on them thereupon when the Bishorick of Rome fell vnto him next after Pelagius he sent Austen with the other Preachers Who passing on their iourney were greatly afraid and discouraged considering the barbarousnes of the people But being comforted by Gregorie and perswaded they went on their iorney and came to the I le of Tenet I le of Tenet on the Eastside of Kent Néere vnto which lāding place was the Palace of the K. not farre from Sandwich which the Inhabitants of the I le thē called Richburgh whereof some part of the ruinous walles is yet to sée The king that raigned at that time was Ethelbert the fifth king of that prouince who at that time had married a Frenchwoman Christened whose name was Berda Berda whom hée had of that condition that shée should with her bishop Lebardus Lebardus inioy the faith By meanes whereof he was the more flexible to embrace the preachyng of the faith of Christ Now the king hearing of Austines arriuall within few dayes after and hauing receaued message from Austine of the cause of his comming commeth to the place where hée was to speake with him To whom Austine preached the word of God The king at the first was not perswaded yet for so much as he came for his benefit he both ministred vnto him necessaries and gaue him libertie to preach and conuert his people which hée did in Canterbury where the king gaue him a mansion place and baptized people on the Eastside of the cittie in the old Church of Saint Martine where the Quéene was woont to resort till time that the king himselfe was conuerted to the faith which he was at length by the godly conuersation of Christians myracles Godly conuersation and miracles that were wrought He was conuerted an 586. and the 36. yéere of his raigne who beyng conuerted the number grew innumerable whom he specially embraced None compelled to beleeue The Abbey of S. Peter and S. Paule in Canterbury but compelled none Then he gaue to Austin a place for his bishops sea at Christ church in Canterbury and builded the Abbey of S. Peter and Paule in the Eastside of the citie where after Austin and all the kings of Kent were buried and that place is now called S. Austin In this while Austin sailed into Fraunce to the bishop of Arelatensis called Ethereus by him to be consecrated archbishop by the commandement of Gregory and so was He sent moreouer to Rome one of his company Laurentius to shew Gregory how they had sped and also to be resolued concerning nine or ten questions The first how the B. should vse himselfe towards his clarke Questions resolued from Rome and of oblations what diuidens were to be made For the first Gregory referreth him to the Epistle of Paule to Timothie touching the second he telleth him the order of the church of Rome is to make foure parts Bishops liuings how to be bestowed the one for the B. hospitalitie in receauing commers in the other to the Clergie the third to the poore the fourth to repairing of churches And because he saith Austine could not liue from his clarkes he would haue in their societie all common The second whether Clarkes that can not containe may marry and then marrying whether they are to returne to their secular estate againe or no Clarkes may marrie to whom hée answereth they might marry and also obtaine their stipends The third seing the faith is but one how commeth it to passe Diuerse ceremonies that the ceremonies and customes be so diuerse as one manner of Masse at Rome and an other in France To which he answered that without respect of place he should chose out of many churches the best orders The fourth what punishment should be laid on him that pilfereth out of the church This he referreth to his discretiō consideration being had of the necessitie of the stealer the abilitie to make recompence without any gaine Whether two brethren may marry two sisters being far of from any part of kindred To this he answereth affirmatiuely to what degrée of kindred matrimony may extend and whether it is lawfull to marry with the stepmother Degrees for marriage her kinsfolkes The answere he referreth to the law of God and denieth the lawfulnesse of such marriages or with the kinsfolke but in the third degrée Whether such as be coupled in such vnlawfull mariage ought to be separated and denied the Communion to which he answereth that such as haue béene so maried in time of their ignorance should not therefore be separated from the Communion but admonished to do so no more and such as professe the faith and so couple themselues he willeth they should be denied the Lords body After what manner he should deale with the Bishops of France and Britain To these he answereth that the Bish in Fraunce are not to submit to him but onely his iurisdiction
thou doe after his counsell that shall deliuer thée and follow him if hee shewe thée a better way of life to whom he promised faithfully so he would Then he laying his hand vppon his head when saith hée this token happeneth vnto thée A vision then remember this time of thy tribulation and the promise which thou hast made and sodainly he vanished out of sight Now Paulinus séeing the king to hard to beléeue praied for him and God reuealed vnto him the vision aboue mentioned Wherevppon Paulinus comming vnto the king vpon a time and laying his hand vpon the Kings head asked him if hee knew that token the king hearing this and remembring the token was readie to fall downe at his féete But Paulinus would not suffer that and declared vnto him the victories he obtained by Christ and put him in minde of his former promise Whereupon the king conferring with his Nobles was by him baptized in Yorke with many of his Subiects In so much that Coysi the chiefe of the Idolatrous prelates with others of that kinde Edwine baptized destroyed the Idoles with their Temples which was at Godmunham not farre from York And this was the eleuenth yere of his Reigne This Edwine after he had first brought in the Faith into the North partes continued after his baptisme vi yeres At length he was slaine in battaile by Ced walla king of the Britaines and by wicked Penda king of the Mercians with his sonne and Offricus in the field called Hatfield This Paulinus was the first Archbishoppe of Yorke and ordeyned by Iustus Archbishoppe of Canterburie After whose decease he ordeyned Honorius Archbishop of Canterburie Paulinus after the death of Edwin fled from the vnmercifull Cedwalla and the wicked and Idolatrous Penda who had neither regarde of Sexe nor age by water into Kent with Edelberge the Quéene and Eufled her daughter Where he remayned Bishop of Rochester the space of xix yeres And so the Church of Northumberland lacked a Bishop the space of xxx yeres Notwithstanding he left one Iames a Deacon in those quarters Paulinus the first archbishop of York who continued there preaching til peace was recouered and the Church brought againe to a stay By the meanes of this Edwine Erpwaldus king of the East-angles sonne to Redwaldus aboue mentined was brought to the faith After Edwin and his sonne reigned Osricus and Eaufridus the one in Deira who were first christened in Scotlād but after they were kings reuolted to Idolatrie and in the yeres following were slaine one after another by Cedwalla and wicked Penda After whom succéeded in Northumberland the second sonne of Ethelfrede named Oswaldus hauing rule ouer both the prouinces as wel Deira as Bernicia He by prayer made vnto God ouercame Cedwalla or Cadwallo the Britaine king which sent Penda with an armie against him that was ouerthrowen after hee had reigned ouer the Britaines 22. yeres leauing after him a sonne wohm Gaufridus called Cadwalladius Oswald a notable king the last K. of Britans This Oswald was very religiously disposed and sent for a certain bishop out of Scotland named Aidanus to preach to his people And as he preached in Scottish so the K. did interprete it hauing learned the Scottish tongue in his banishment there By the meanes of Oswald Kinigilsus K. of the Westsaxons was conuerted to Christs faith especially through the godly labor of Berinus who was sent by P. Honorius to preach in England then made Bishop of Dorcester Kinigilsus conuerted To whom Quincelinus brother to the foresaid Kinigilsus after he had receiued baptisme of Berinus Bernius gaue to him the said citie therein to make his Sea and gaue after to the B. of Winchester The Sea of Winchester 7. miles compasse of land to buyld there the bishops Sea which was accomplished finished by Kenwalcus his sonne This Bernius was driuen by the weather to the Coast of the West-saxons where Kinigilsus and his brother Quincelinus did raigne and were baptized with their people It so fell out that Oswaldus King of Northumberlande was there present and the same day married Kinigilsus his daughter and was also Godfather to the king Oswald after he had raigned ix yeres was at the length slaine in the field called Maxfield by wicked Penda king of Mercians Which Penda likewise was ouercome slaine by Oswy brother to Oswald the next king of Northumberland after Oswald not withstanding hee had himselfe as many people as Oswy had Penda had iij. sonnes Wolferus Weda and Egfridus The second sonne Weda Oswy had before time maried his daughter Weda conuerted by consent of Penda his father Who also by the helpe of Oswy was made king of Southmercia and promised when he married his daughter he would become a christian which thing he perfourmed after the death of Penda And within thrée yeres following by reason of his wife he was slaine Wolferus conuerted After him the kingdome fell to Wolferus the other brother who being wedded to Armenilda daughter to Ercombert K. of Kent was afterward christened so that he is accounted the first christian king of Mercia This Wolferus conquered Kenwalcus K. of Kent and gat the I le of Wight which after he gaue to Sigbert king of the East-angels vpon condition he would be christened Sigbert baptized And thus the East-angles which before had expulsed Mellitus their B recouered againe the christian faith vnder Sigbert their king who was baptized by Finanus Finanus the bishop Now to Oswy was ioyned Oswinus his cosin ouer the prouince of Deira there raigned with Oswy seuen yéere a Prince gentill liberall and deuout but not long after Oswy the king of Bernicia disdaining at him caused him traiterously to be slaine and so Oswy with his sonne Egfride raigned in Northumberland alone In that time and also in the house of Oswy and his sonne Egfride was Butolphus the abbot who builded in the East part of Lincoln an abbey Also Aidanus Finianus and Colmannus with 3. scottish Bishops of Northumberland holy men that held with the Brittains against the Romish order for kéeping of Easter Moreouer Cuthbertus Iarmuannus Cedda and Wilfridus liued at the same time About this time or not much before vnder the raigne of Oswy and Oswine the question of Easter The questions of Easter and hauing of other ceremonies was debated in the Abbey called Sternehalt Of which Hilda Hilda a deuout woman was abbesse to the which place came both the kings the father and the sonne Bishop Colman with his Cleargy of Scotland Aigelbert with Agathon and Wilfride Priestes Iames and Roman were on their sides Hilda the Abbesse was on the Scottish part with her companie And the reuerend Bishop Cedda Cedda was appointed Prolocutor for both partes in that parlemēt Now there was much debating of the matter on both partes one standing to the custome of Iohn the Euangeliste to be kept according to the
Egfretus his sonne who raigned but foure monethes next Egfret succéeded Kenulphus in the kingdom of Mercia who made warre against the Cantuarites and tooke Egbert their king called Wren whom he bound and led prisoner to Mercia but vpon the dedication of a Church which hee builded he released him out of prison Next to Pope Zacharie followed Pope Stephen the second to whom Pipinus the French king to gratifie the Pope gaue to the sea of Rome the princedome of Rauenna the kingdome of the Lombards and manie other great possessions of Italie The donation of Pipine the traitor and murtherer Inuention of Organs with all the cities thereto adioyning vnto the borders of Venice and this is like to the donation which they say was giuen of Constantine To this Pipinus was sent into France the inuention of Organs out of Gréece by Costantine Emperour of Constantinople Anno 757. Next to Stephen the second succéeded Paul the first in the Papacie who thundered against Constantine the emperor of Constantinople for abrogating of images but hee continued constant in his purpose notwithstanding to the end of his life These came to bee Popes Constantinus the seconde a Laie man Pope deposed his eies out and brother to Desiderius the king of Lombardie for the which cause hée was shortly deposed and thrust into a Monasterie hauing his eyes put out In whose steade succeeded Stephen the third who condemned the seuenth Councell of Constantinople for hereticall because in that Councell the woorshipping of Images was condemned Pope striueth for images and contrarily caused them to be worshipped and incensed At this time Charles the great beganne to raigne by whom the Pope caused Desiderius the Lombard king to bee depriued Next vnto Stephen succeeded Hadrianus the first who gaue more veneration to images then any before him writing a booke in commendation and vtilitie of their adoration Images laie mens kalender commaunding them to be taken for lay mens kalenders holding a synode at Rome against Felix and al other that spake against images and as Paul the first before him had made much of the body of Petronella S. Peters daughter So this Hadrian clothed the body of S. Peter all in siluer Cost vpon Images and couered the altar of S. Paul with a pall of gold This Hadrian did confirme the order of Saint Gregories Masse before the order of S. Ambrose for vnto the time 800. Strife for Gregories masse the Liturge of S. Ambrose was more vsed in the Italian Churches but this Bishop burnt the bookes of Ambrose seruice into ashes and threwe into prison many priests that would not consent vnto him Now Eugenius cōming 3. daies after the councell ended perswaded the pope to call the councell againe agréed that both the bookes of Gregory and Ambrose should be laied vpon the altar of Peter and Paule and the Church dores shut and sealed they should all the night giue themselues to prayer that God might giue a token whether were more to be allowed Now on the morning A miracle falsly interpreted they found Gregories masse booke plucked one péece from another and scattered ouer all the Church and onely Ambroses booke open vpon the altar where they had laide it This miracle Pope Adrian did interprete on his owne side side that as the leaues were scattered ouer the Church so should Gregories booke bée vsed through the worlde and Ambrose his book should onely be kept at his owne Church at Mediolanum where hee sometime was Bishop Carolus magnus did confirme his fathers gift and deuotion to the Pope adding moreouer therevnto the Citie and dominion of Venice Histria the Dukedome of Foroiuliense the Dukedome Spoletanū and Beneuentanum and other possessions mo to the patrimonie of saint Peter and the Pope to requite him made him Patricium Romanum and ordeined him onely to be taken for Emperour of Rome Carolus being proclaymed Emperour the Empire was translated from the Grecians to the Frenchmen an 801. The Empire translated to the French A B C Monasteries and continued so 102. yeres or thereabout till the comming of Conradus and his Neuew Otho which were Germās This Charles builded so many Monasteries as there bée letters in the A.B.C. He helde a Councell at Franckforde wherein was condemned the Councell of Nice and Irene for setting vp and worshipping of Images Anno 784. Irene Empresse of the Gréekes through the meanes of Pope Hadrian tooke vp the body of Constantine Emperour of Constantinople Irene the Greeke Empresse a maintainer of Images her owne husbandes father and when she had burned the same she caused the ashes to be cast into the Sea because he disanulled Images Afterward she raigned with her sonne Constantine the sixt sonne to Leo the fourth The cruell Irene who was also excommunicated for taking away Images and being at dissention with him she caused him to be taken and laid in prison and afterward through power of fréends being restored was at the last againe cast into prison The Emp. eies pulled out by his mother and had his eyes pulled out so cruelly that within short space he died After this the Empresse by the counsel of Therasius Bishop of Constantinople held a Counsell at Nicea wherin it was decreed that Images again should be restored to the Church which Charles afterward repealed at Frankford At length shée was deposed by Nicephorus who succeeded her and ended her life in much penurie Monasteries erected and founded in England In the space of 200 yéeres these monasteries following began to be founded in the land Paules Churche at London was founded by Ethelbert King of Kent and Sigebert king of Essex about the yéere 604. The first Crosse Altar was set vp in the North parts in Heuenfield vpon occasion of Oswalde King of Northūberlandes fighting against Cadwall where he in the same place set vp the signe of the Crosse knéeling praying there for victorie an 635. The Church of Winchester was first begun and founded by Kinigilsus king of Mercia hauing nine myles about it And afterwarde finished by his Sonne Kewalcus where Owen of Englishmen was the first Bishop Anno 636. The Church of Lincolne was first founded by Paulinus Bishop an 629. The Church of Westminster began first by a certaine citizen of London through the instigation of Ethelbert king of Kent which before was an Ile full of Thornes anno 614. The common Schooles were first erected at Cambridge Common schooles at Cambridge by Sigebert king of East-angles an 636. The Abbey of Knonisburie buylded by Furceus the Eremite an 637 The Monasterie of Malmsburie by one Meldulsus a Scot an 640. And after enlarged by Agilbert Bishop of Winchester The Abbey of Glocester first buylded by Offricus king of Mercia as Cestrensis saith But as William Malmsburie wryteth by Vlferus and Etheldred brethren to Kineburga Abbesse of the same house in the yere of our Lord 679 The Monasterie of Maylerose
yéerely thrée hundred markes that is to the maintayning of the light of Saint Peter one hundreth markes to the light of Saint Paule an other hundreth to the vse of the Pope an other hundreth This doone he returned by France into England and married with the daughter of Carolus Caluus whose name was Iudith Hée had to his chiefe councellors two Bishops Adelstanus B. of Schireborne more skilfull in ciuill matters then in diuinitie and the other Swithinus bishop of Winchester beyng of a contrarie disposition Gregory the fourth aboue mentioned was the third Pope that succéeded after Pope Paschalis the first beyng but foure yéeres betwixt them who succéeded after Stephen the fourth which followed Leo the third next Pope vnto Hadrian in the time of Charles the great From the time of that Hadrian the first vnto Pope Hadrian the third the Emperours had some stroke in the election at least in the confirmation of the Romane Pope notwithstanding there were diuerse practises to the contrary Wherefore by the commaundement of Ludouicus the Emperour in the time of Gregory the fourth Generall counsels called by the Emperour a generall Synode was comenced at Aquisgraue where it was decreed by Gregory and his assistants that euery Church should haue sufficient of his proper landes and reuenewes to find the Priests therof That none of the Clergy of what degrée soeuer he were should vse any vesture or any pretious or any Scarlet colour Against the excesse of apparel in the Clergy neyther should weare ringes on their fingers except it be when Prelates be at Masse or giue their consecrations Item that prelates should not kéepe too great portes or families nor kéepe great horses vse dice or kéepe harlots and the Monkes should not excéede measure in gluttony or riot Against the dicing whoring of the Popes Clergie Item that none of the Clergy beyng eyther annoynted or shauen should vse eyther golde or siluer eyther in their shooes slippers or girdles like to Heliogabalus They should were no siluer in their shooes nor gold Moreouer by him at the commaundement of Ludouicus the Emperour the feast of Alsaints was first brought into the Church Feast of Alsaints first erected After this pope came Sergius the second who first brought in the altering of the Popes names because hée was named before Os porci that is Swines snout which also ordained the Agnus thrise to be song at the Masse Alteration of Popes names Swines snout and the host to be deuided into thrée partes After him was Pope Leo the fourth to whom this king Ethelwolfus did commit the tuition of his sonne Alured By this Pope Leo it was first enacted by a Councell of his that no Bishop should bée condemned vnder thrée score and twelue witnesses also contrary to the lawe of Gregory the fourth his predecessor he commaunded and ordained the crosse all to beset with gold and pretious stones and to be carried before him After this Leo succéeded a woman Pope named Gilberta Gilberta a woman Pope and was called Ioan the eight She was a dutchwoman of Magunce who went with an English monke out of the Abbey of Fulda to Athens in mans apparell where shée prooued excellently learned and obtained the Popedome and sat two yéeres and six moneths The Pope trauaileth with childe and at last openly in the face of a generall procession fell in labour and trauell of childe and so died By reason whereof the Cardinals at this day doo auoid to come néere that stréete where that shame was taken By Benedictus the 3. that succéeded next in the whorish sea was first enacted as most writers record the Dirge to be said for the dead The dirge for the dead albeit Gregory the third had doone in that matter worthely for his part already After him sat Pope Nicholas the first who enlarged the Popes decrées with many constitutions equalling the authoritie of them with the wrytings of the Apostles Popes decrees equall with the Apostles writing He ordained that no secular Prince nor the Emperour himselfe should be present at their Councels vnlesse in matters concerning the faith Also that no Lay man should sit in Iudgement vpon the Clergy men or reason vppon the Popes power Item that no Christian magistrate should haue any power ouer any prelate alledging that a prelate is called God A prelat called God Also that all Church seruice should be in Latine except the Polonians and Sclauonians Polonians Sclauonians exempt from Latine seruice to whom he permitted the vse of their owne tounge Sequences in the Masse were by him first allowed By this Pope priestes began first to be debarred marriage Against priests marriages Huldrich of Auspourgh whereof Huldrich Bishop of Auspourgh sendeth a letter to the Pope reclaiming and confuting his procéedings in the matter grauely and learnedly shewing the decrée to be an impious tyrannie contrary to the lawes of God and Nature The epistle séemeth rather to belong to the time of Nicholas the second or third After this pope Nicholas succéeded Hadrianus the second Ioannes 9. Martinus 2. After these came Hadrian the third and Stephen the fifth By this Hadrian it was decréed that no Emperour after that time should intermeddle in the election of the Pope and thus began the Emperour first to decay and the Pope to swell The Emp. beginneth to decay and Pope to swell Ethelwolfe after hée had doone valiantly agaynst the Danes that greatly inuaded and molested the land died and left behind him foure sonnes which raigned euery one in his order after the decease of their father whose names were Ethelbaldus Ethelbrightus Ethelredus and Aluredus About the latter time of the raigne of Ethelred Anno 870. the Danes hauing to their Captains Inguar Hubbar landed in Norfolke and forced Edm. the vnder king of that Prouince to flée to Franingham castle and commaunded him to submit himselfe vnto them and to raigne vnder Inguar Prince of the Danes Whervpon by perswasion of one of his Bishops being his secretary he paused and made answere that Edmund a Christian king for loue of temporal life will not submit himselfe to a Pagan Duke K. Edm. slaine of the Danes vnlesse hée would before be a Christian Wherefore hauing apprehended him at S. Edmondesbury he bound him vnto a trée and caused him to be shot to death for that he woulde not denie Christ and his lawes Lastly they caused his head to bee smitten off and cast it into the thicke bushes which was by his friends at the same time taken vp and solemnly buried at S. Edmondesbury whose brother named Edwoldus notwithstanding of right the kingdome fel to him setting apart the worlde became an Hermite at the abbey of Cerum in the county of Dorset King Ethebald hauing had great conflicts with the Danes and perplexed with the miserable state of his countrey after he had raigned fiue or eight yéeres deceassed During which time
Canutus died wherefore that land fell to Canutus who anon after sailed thither and tooke the possession and returned into England married Emma late wife of Egelred and by her had a sonne called Herdeknight or Hardiknoutus He assembled a parlement at Oxford wherin was agréed that English men and Danes should hold the lawes made by king Edgar King Edgars lawes as most good reasonable Thus the Danes being in England beganne by little and litle to bée christened and Canutus went to Rome and so returning againe to England gouerned the land 20. yéers leauing behind him two sonnes Harold Hardiknoutus which Hardiknoutus was made K of Denmarke in his fathers time Harold for his swiftnes called Harefoot son to Canutus by Eligna his first wife began his raign ouer Englād an 1039 He banished his stepmother Emma took her goods iewels from her He raigned but 4. yéeres the kingdome fell to Hardeknoutus king of Denmarke his brother who when he had raigned 2. yéeres Hardeknoutus dieth being merry at Lambith sodainly was stricken dumme and fel down to the ground and within 8. daies after died without issue of his body and was the last that raigned of the blood of the Danes The last K. of the Danes For the Earles and Barons agréed that none of that blood should after bée king for the despite and hurt the Danes had done to the English nation and sent into Normandy for the 2. brethren Alfred Edward sonnes of king Egelred entending to make Alfred king of England but Earle Godwin a Westsaxon who had married the daughter of Hardeknoutus thought to slay the two brethren comming into England to make Harold his sonne king which sonne he had by the daughter of Hardeknoutus the Dane King The messengers that went for the brethren founde but Alfred the elder for Edward the younger was gone into Hungary to speake with his cousin the outlaw which was Edward Ironsides sonne So the traitor Godwin met with Alfride the Normans attending vpon him and when they came to Guilde doune he commanded his men to slea all that were of Alfrides company and after that to take Alfred and to leade him to the yle of Ely where they should put out both his eies which they did Alfred cruelly murthered that done they opened his body and tooke out his bowels set a stake into the ground and fastned an end of his bowels thereto and with néedles of yron they pricked his tender body thereby causing him to go about the stake till al his bowels were drawne out After this treason the wicbed Duke fled into Denmark and lost al his lands in England and kept him there 4. yéeres and more The stories record that this Canutus folowing much the superstition of Achelnotus Archb. of Canterbury went on Pilgrimage to Rome and there founded an Hospitall for English Pilgrims hée gaue the Pope pretious giftes and burdened the land with a yéerely tribute called Romeshotte Romeshot He shrined the body of Bernius and gaue greate landes to the Cathedrall Church of Winchester he builded Saints Benets in Northfolke which was before an heremitage Also S. Edmundsburie S. Edmundsburie turned from priestes to monkes which king Ethelstane ordeined before for a colledge of priests he turned to an abbey of Monkes of S. Benets order This king Canutus beyng prouoked to go to Winchester by Egelnothus Archbishop of Canterburie resigned his regall crowne to the rood A Rood crowned king of England and made the roode king ouer the land He ordained lawes of his owne touching matters ecclesiasticall although at the beginning hée vsed Edgars lawes as touching paying for opening the earth at funerals he forbad also all faires and markets vpon Sundayes and all secular actions but vpon vrgent necessitie A good law against adultery He ordained to receaue the communion thrise a yéere That married woman that had committed adultery should haue her eares and nose cut off Also that no widow should marrie within xij moneths after the death of her husband else to lose her ioynture c. Thus ended the Danish kings which Danes had vexed and wasted the land the time of 255. yéeres The land vexed by the Danes 255. yeeres Next vnto Canutus the second or Hardiknoute succéeded Edward the younger sonne of Egelred and Emma who was long banished in Normandy He came ouer with a few Normans and was crowned at Winchester anno 943. by Edesius thē Archbishop of Canterburie and not long after he married Goditha or Editha daughter of Earle Godwin with whom he neither dealt fleshly nor yet put her from his bed He gouerned the land with great wisdome peace xxiiij yeres In the time of this K. came William Duke of Normandie with a goodly companie to sée K. Edward to whom it is said Edw. promised if he died without issue to leaue the Crowne In this K. reigne liued Marianus Scotus M. Scotus the storie wryter About the 13. yéere of this kings raigne he sent Aldred bishop of Worceter to the Emperour Henricus the fourth praying him that he would send to the king of Hungarie that his coosin Edward sonne of Edmund Ironside might come into England for so much as he entended to make him king after him who was called Edward outlaw This was fulfilled and he came into England with his wife Agatha and with his children Edgar Adeling Margaret and Christina but the yéere after his returne he died at London was buried at Westminster or as Iornalensis saith at Paules church in London After whose decease the king receiued Edgar Adeling his sonne as his owne child thinking to make him his heire but fearing the mutabilitie of the Englishmen and the pride and malice of Harold the sonne of Godwin directed Embassadours to William Duke of Normandy William Duke of Normandy appointed heire of the crowne his kinseman assigning him to bée lawfull heire after him After the death of Godwin his son Harold grew in great fauour with the king He sayled into Flaunders and in the course of his sayling he was driuen by force of weather into the prouince of Pomilitie where he was taken prisoner and sent to William Duke of Normandie to whom he was made to sweare that he in time following should marry his daughter and that after the death of King Edward Harold sweareth to Duke William he should kéepe the land of England to his behoofe according to the minde and will of Edward after some Writers and so to liue in honor next to him in the Realme Thus he returned home and shewed to the king what he had done Wherewith he was very wel contented Leofricuss Earle of Chester and of Mercia who was also very faithfull to king Edward with his wife Godina builded the Abbey of Couentrée The Abbey of Couentrie and endued the same with great lands and riches King Edward after hee had reigned thrée and twentie yeares and seuen
custody and stinted at xx d. a day The P. stinted at xx pence a day Hildebrand in the meane time encroching to himselfe the treasure of the Church Hildebrand encrocheth the Church treasure The names and order of the Archbishops of Canterburie from the time of king Egbert to William the Conquerour 18 ETheredus 18. 19. Pleimundus 29.20 Athelmus 12. 21. Vlfelmus 13.22 Odo 20. 23. Elfius or Elfinus 1. 24. Dunstane 20. Polydorus maketh Dunstane the 23.25 Ethelgarus 1.26 Elfricus 11.27 Siricius 5.28 Elphegus 6. 29. Liuingus 7. 30. Egelnodus 17.31 Edsius 11. 32. Robertus 2.33 Stigandus 17.34 Lanfrancus 19. The Printer to the Reader NOte gentle Reade that whereas by means our written copie had not obserued the same we vnawares haue omitted certaine distinctions that wee purposed to haue made betweene each of the 3. parts or bookes of this former volume abridged according as in the first volume of acts monuments at large is distinguished thou shalt vnderstand that the first of those former bookes conteyneth the 300. yeres next after Christ vntil Lucius his daies The 2. booke beginneth pag. 68. and conteineth the next 300. yeeres viz. from Lucius to king Egbert The 3. must be reckoned from pag. 85. containing the next 300. yeeres viz. to the time of William the Conqueror which here followeth The fourth booke ANno 1067. William Conqueror was crowned king W. Conqueror by the handes of Aldredus Bishop of Yorke for so much as Stigandus Archbishop of Canterburie was thē absent on Christmas day William exercised great crueltie Crueltie of the Conqueror vpon the English Nation and abrogated Edwards lawes and established his own for his profite He placed his people in all offices Spirituall and Tēporall And such was the reproch of English men An Englishmā a name of reproch that it was a name of shame And thus now the fift time the land was by diuers Nations afflicted First by the Romans in the time of Iulius Cesar Then by Scots and Pictes After England fiue times ouerrun by Saxons and then by Danes which continued from the reign of Ethelwolfe 230. yeres till K. Edward And fiftly by the Normans In the fourth yere of K. William betwéene Easter and Whitsontide was helde a Councell at Winchester of the Cleargie of England In which were present two Cardinals sent from pope Alexander the second Peter and Iohn In that Councell the king being present were deposed many Prelates of the English Nation without any euidēt cause that the kings Normans might be placed Normans placed Srigandus Archbishop deposed Among whom Stigandus the Archbishop was put downe for thrée causes The first for that he had wrongfullie holden the bishoprick while Robert the Archbishop was liuing The second for that he receiued the Pall of Benedict who was deposed The third for that he occupied the Pall without lawfull authoritie of the Court of Rome So Stigandus was deposed and kept in Winchester as a prisoner during his life At the same time was preferred to the Archbishoprick of York Thomas a Norman and Chanon of Bayon at which time also Lanfrancus Abbot of Cadomonencie a Lombard and Italian borne was sent for and made Archbishoppe of Canterburie Lanfrāk archbishop of Canterburie Contention of primacie Betwixt him and the Archb. of Yorke there grew great contention for the oath of obedience But in the end through the king Thomas was contented to subscribe obedience to the other After the Archb. went to Rome for their Palles with Remigius B. of Dorcester wtout which no Archb. nor B. could be confirmed And to Lanf Alexāder for the estimatiō of his learning gaue ij palles 2. palles geuen to Lanfrank one of honor the other of loue he obteined also for the other ij their cōfirmation Now againe began the controuersie of Primacie to be renued before the P. who sent thē home to end the matter to haue it determined So returned they to Englād an 1070 and the 6. yere of this W. the matter was brought befor the K. clergie at Windsor where after much debating on both sides Th. gaue ouer condiscending that the first of his prouince should beginne at Humber Whereupon it was decréed that Yorke for that time should be subiect to Cant. York subiect to Cant. in matters appertaining to the Church So that wheresoeuer within England Canterburie would hold his Councel the Bishops of Yorke should resort thether with their bishops and be obedient to his decrées Canonicall Prouided moreouer that when the Archb. of Canterburie should decease Yorke should depart to Douer there to consecrate with other the B. that should be elect and if Yorke should decease his successor should resort to Canterburie or els where the Bishop of Cant. should appoint there to receiue his cōsecratiō making his profession there with an oath of canonical obedience In the daies of this Lanfrancus Archb. of Canterburie anno 1076. diuers bishops seates were altered from townships to great cities Bishops seates altered from from townes to great cities as of Sealesey to Chichester out of Cornwall to Exceter from Welles to Bath from Shireburne to Salisburie from Dorcester to Lincolne frō Lichfield to Chester Which bishoprike of Chester Robert then B. reduced from Chester to Couentrie Likely it is also that the sea of the archbishop was translated from Douer to Canterbury or that Canterbury in old time had the name of Dorobernia as doth by diuerse testimonies appéere In the 9. yéere of this kings raigne by the procurement of Lanfrancus was a councel holden at London where among other things it was first enacted Ecclesiasticall decrees that the Archb. of Yorke shold sit on the right hand the B. of Lōdon on the left or in the absence of Yorke London on the right hand Winchester on the left hand of the archbishop in councell 2. That bishops should translate their seas from villages to cities 3. That monkes should haue nothing in proper and if they had died vncōfessed they should not be buried in churchyard 4. That no Clarke or Monke of another Dioces should be admitted to orders or retained without letters cōmendatorie 5. That none should speake in the Councell except Bishops Abbots without the leaue of the Archmetropolitane 6. That none should marie within the seuenth degree with anie of his owne kindred or of his wiues departed 8. That no sorcerie should be vsed in the Church 9. That none of the clergy should be present at the iudgement of anie mans death or dismembring neither should be anie fautor of the said iudicants In the daies of this Lanfrancus Waltelmus B. of Wintō had placed about fortie Canons in sted of Monks so that the part of Priests was taken againe against Monkes Priests yet against Monks But it held not Lanfrancus opposing himselfe against the same He wrote a booke against Berengarius called Opus scintillarū His owne church of
of our Lady Item all such of the clergie as had wiues should be depriued of orders Item Lawfull for subiects to breake their oth of allegiance that it might be lawfull for al subiects to breake their oth of allegiance with such as the pope had excōmunicated c. The K. after he had deteined the archbishoprike of Canterbury in his owne hands thrée yéeres gaue it to Anselmus abbot of Beck in Normandy which he was so vnwilling to take that the King had much adoo to thrust it vpon him The citie of Canterbury giuen to the Archbishop and was so desirous he should haue it that he gaue vnto him wholly the citie of Canterburie about the yéere 1093. But afterward there fell such dissention betwixt them that the king sought all meanes to put him out againe for that he required of Anselmus in gentle manner that such landes of the Church of Canterburie as the king had giuen to his friendes since the death of Lanfranke might so remaine whereto Anselme refusing to agrée Anselme the Archb. against the king moued the King with displeasure against him and therevpon he did a great while stop his consecration By reason of the contention at Rome betwixt the two Popes Vrbanus and Clemens 3. there grew diuision some holding with one some with the other England tooke part with Clemens 3. but Anselme against the K. the rest stuck to Vrbanus Vrbane and Clemēt popes at strife and required of the king leaue to fetch his pall of Vrbanus which when he could not at the first obtaine he appealeth to the pope contrary as the K. said to his fealty Betwixt thē there was much reasoning debate about the matter but in conclusion none of his fellow Bishops durst take his part but were all against him especially William B. of Duresme In the meane season the king had sent two messengers to Vrbane for the pall to bestow where he would who returned and brought with them Gualtar B. of Albane the Popes Legate with the pall to be giuen to Anselme Which Legate so perswaded the king that Vrbane was receiued Pope through the whole land and after the king had receiued the pall there went vnto Anselme certaine declaring the paines and charges the king was at in procuring the pall The king faine to relent to the Archbishop willed him somewhat to relent vnto him which he notwithstanding in no case would yéeld vnto so the king was compelled to yeeld vnto him the full right of the sea But afterward grewe great displeasure betwixt them so so that Anselme went to appeale to Rome where he remained in exile notwithstanding Vrbane wrote in his behalfe to the King that set light by the Popes letters and suite therein A Councell Wherevpon the pope promised at the next Councell at Baron to take order for the matter where Anselme beyng present was called for and first sitting in an vtterside of the Bishops afterward was placed at the right foote of the Pope with these wordes Includamus hunc in orbe nostro The Archb. of Canterburie called the pope of England tanquam alterius orbis Papam Whervpon that same seat was appointed afterward to the sea of Canterburie in euery generall Councell In this Councell great stur was against the Grecians about the procéeding of the holy ghost Which gréeke church differed from the Latine in 20. or 29. articles First 29. articles of controuersy betwixt the church of Rome and the Greeke Church The Latines holdē for excōmunicates that they are not vnder the sea of Rome 2. That the sea of Rome hath not greater power then the 4. patriarkes and whatsoeuer the pope doth beside their knowledge or without their approbation is of no value 3. That whatsoeuer hath béen cōcluded since in the second general councel is of no authority sufficient because from that time they recount the Latines to be excluded out of the Church 4. They deny the reall presence consecrate in leuened bread 5. Also at the words of baptism they say Let this creature be baptized in the name of the father sonne holy Ghost c. 6. They deny purgatory account the suffrages of the dead of no value 7 That the soules after death haue neither their perfect paine nor glorie but are reserued in a certaine place till the day of iudgement 8. They condemne the Church of Rome for mixing colde water in their Sacrifice 9. They condemne the Church of Rome saying they admit aswell women as men in baptisme to annoint children on both shoulders 10. Also they call our bread Panagia 11. They blame the Romish church for celebrating masse on any other daies saue sundaies and certaine other feast daies 12. The Gréek hath neither creame nor oile nor sacrament of confirmation 13. Neither do they vse extreme vnction expounding the place of S. Iames of spiritual infirmity 14. They enioyne no satisfaction for penaunce 15. They consecrate for the sicke onely on maundy Thurseday keeping it for the whole yéere after neither doe they fast any Saturday through the yéere but onely on Easter euen 16. They giue onely but fiue orders as Clearkes Subdeacons Deacons Priests and Bishops the Romans giuing nine 17. They make no vow of chastity 18. Euery yéere the Grecians vse vpon certaine daies to excommunicat the Church of Rome The Romans euery yeere solemnly excommunicated of the Greekes and all Latines as heretikes 19 They excommunicat him that striketh a Priest neither doe they liue vnmarried 20. Their Emperour disposeth of ecclesiasticall matters of gouernment according to his owne pleasure 21. They eate flesh egges chéese on Friday 22. They hold against the Latines for celebrating without the consecrated church for fasting on the Sabboth day for permitting menstruous women to enter into the church before their purifying for suffering dogges and other beasts to enter into the church 23. The Grecians vse not to knéele in al their deuotions not to the Eucharist sauing one day in the yéere 24. They permit not the Latines to celebrate vpon their altars which if they doe they by and by wash the altar and when they celebrate they say but one Lyturgy or masse vpon one altar that day 25. They dissent in the maner of the procéeding of the holy Ghost c. Now in the counsel aforesaid among other pointes the procéeding of the holy ghost celebrating with leauened bread was debated concerning the which Anselme did behaue himself greatly to the mind of the pope after lōg reasoning of matters betwixt the churches the pope thundereth out excommunication against the Gréekes The Pope excommunicated the Greekes and their adherents was ready also to procéed to the sentence of excommunication against the king of England for Anselmus sake had not Anselme himselfe knéeling down obtained for him longer time of further trial Whervpon the counsel brake vp the Pope directeth his letters to the K.
where Tho appeared not but sente another This the king tooke in great displeasure and laid diuers actions against him of reconings c. The other Bishops endeuoured to perswade Thomas to consider what he did and not to stande so stiflie against the king others encouraged him and at last they agréed with common consent to cite him vp to Rome vpon periurie and appointed him his daye of appearance Which when the Archbishop heard he also sent to Rome to whom the Pope directeth againe his letters of comfort that made Becket still to hold himselfe stout against the King who was so incensed against him that if he had not fledde the Court he had béene laid in prison Becket flieth and turneth his name to Derman for not answering to certaine accompts the king had to charge him withall But he sped him away changing his name and calling himselfe Derman and taking shippe at Sandwich fled into Flanders from thence to Ludouicus the French king who notwithstanding Letters and request to the contrarie gaue him entertainment and wrote to the Pope in his behalfe and although the K. had sent vnto him Ambassadors Robert Archbishoppe of Yorke with other Bishoppes and Nobles requiring him to deale otherwise thorow the French Kings letters did wholy encline to Becket But forasmuch as he could not be placed as yet in England the Pope sendeth him in a monks habite to the Abbey of Pontiniake in Fraunce where hée remayned two yeares And from thence he remoued to Senon B. in exile seuen yeres where he abode fiue yeres So his exile continued in all seuen yeres Now the king vnderstanding of the Popes fauor toward Becket sayling out of England into Normandie directeth ouer certaine Iniunctions against the Pope and the Archbishop of Canterburie Besides an 1166. it was set foorth by the kings Proclamation that all manner of persons both men women of Beckets kinred Beckets kinred banished should be banished without carrying away any penyworth of their goods Hee sent also to Guarrin the Abbot of Pontiniakes threatning him that if he would not put away Tho. hee would driue out of his Realme all the Monkes of his order Whereupon Becket was faine to depart to Lewes the French king who placed him at Senon and there found him the space of fiue yeares In which time of his absence he wrought all hee might against the king and those that he knew did not fauour him diuers letters passed to and from Becket to the Pope the king very seditious rebellious Frō which dealing a very pithie letter written by the Suffraganes of the Church of Canterburie could nothing perswade him but prouoked him very sharply to replie against them He reiected also the letters of the Empresse that endeuored to perswade him After these letters sent to and fro anno 1169. the King fearing least the Archbishoppe should procéede against his owne person by excommunication made his appeale to the Pope The K. feareth Becket whereupon he sent two Cardinals Guilielmus and Otho o take vp the matter at Grisorsium in Fraunce but it came to no conclusion Where William requiring Becket for the peace of the Church which hée pretended to resigne his Bishoprike so that the King would giue ouer his customes answered that the proportion was not like saying that hée sauing the honour of his Church and person could not so doo but the king Because the Pope had cōdemned them it stood on his soules health to renounce those ordinances and customes because the Pope had condemned them After the Cardinals were returned the French king also thought to haue preuayled with Thomas and laboured to perswade him but could not Thomas alwaies adding his obedience Saluo honore Dei very captiously that he might thereby make escape if néede were wherewith the King was greatly displeased After this there fell other displeasure betwixt them Anno 1170. And the sixtéenth yere of the Kings raigne at which time hée kept his Parlement at Westminster hée caused his sonne Henry to be crowned King with consent of Lordes Spirituall and Temporall which Coronation was doone by the handes of Robert Archbishop of Yorke with assistance of other Bishopses whereat Becket tooke great displeasure because hée was not called for and complayned thereof to the Pope at whose instaunce the Pope sent downe sentence of excommunication against the Archbishop and London Salisbury Duresme and Rochester that were doers with him in the Coronation and sendeth also two Legates the Archb. of Rhothomage and the Archb. of Nauerne with full commission either to driue the King to reconciliation or to interdict him by the Popes censure out of the Church wherevpon the king at last through the mediation of the French king and diuerse prelates great Princes was content to yéeld to reconciliation but would not graunt him his possessions and landes of his church before he repaired into England The king yeeldeth to Becket and should shew how peaceably he would agrée with the kings subiects This peace being thus cōcluded Thomas after 6. yéers of his banishment returned and was commanded of the yoong king to kéepe his house The Bishops before excommunicated required absolution of him but hée would not graunt therevnto simply without cauteles so they cōplained to the king who tooke it heauenly lamented oft sundry times that none would reuenge him of his enemy which certaine to the number of 4. hearing prepared themselues came into England out of Normandie about Christmasse time repaired to Thomas commanded him in the kings name to come to the yoong K. to doo his duty to him to restore the bishops whom he had excōmunicated for the kings coronatiō which Thomas would not grant vnto touching the absolutiō referring it to the pope who had excōmunicated thē In the end so disorderly Thomas behaued himselfe that they said he had spoken against his owne head and rushed out of the dores cōmaunding the monks to kéepe him forth comming What quoth Thomas thinke you I will fly away nay neither for the K. nor for any man will I stir one foote frō you and so cried after them Foure armed men kill Thomas Becket here here shall you find me laying his hand vpon his crowne The 4. whose names were Reynold Bereson Hugh Morteuill Wil. Thracy Richard Brito went to harnesse themselues returned the same day slue Becket méeting him about euēsong time with his crosse in his hand euery one striking him with his sword into the head they after fled into the North at length with much adoo The murtherers do penāce hauing obtained their pardon of the pope went to Ierusalem in linnen clothes barefoote fasting and praying whereof in few yéeres after they died Anno 1220. There was a question as saith Cesarius the monke at Paris whether Becket were saued or damned Roger a Normand holding against him Whether Becket were saued or damned
papacy of Rome and the regalities of S. Peter I shall be an ayder so mine order be saued against all persons The Legate of the apostolike sea both in going and comming I shall honorably intreat and helpe him in all necessities Being called to a Synode I shall be ready to come vnlesse I be let by some Canonicall empeachment The palace of the Apostles euery third yéere I shall visit eyther by my selfe or by my messenger except otherwise I be licensed by the sea apostolike All such possessions as belong to the Dioces of my Bishoprike I shall neither sell nor giue nor lay to morgage or lease out or remooue away by any manner of meanes without the consent and knowledge of the Bishoppe of Rome so God helpe mée and the holy Gospell of God Also among other decrées in a Councel at Rome of 300. Bishoppes Chastitie was obtruded vpon Priestes and Thomas Beckette and Bernarde were canonized for Saintes T. Becket and Bernard canonized for Saints Anno 1184. The French king came on Pilgrimage to Becket the K. of England méeting him by the way After the death of Richard Archbishoppe of Canterburie who followed after Becket succéeded Baldwinus Baldwinus a Cistercian Monke Anno 1178. In the Citie of Tholouse was a great multitude of men and women whome the Popes Commissioners did condemn for heretikes of whom some were scourged naked some chased away and other some compelled to abiure They held against the reall presence In the time of this Alexander the Pope sproong vp the doctrine and name of them which were called then Pauperes de Lugduno Pauperes de Lugduno which of one Waldus a chiefe Senator in Lions were named Waldenses Waldenses They were also called Leonisti Insabbattati About the yere 1119. or according to Laziardus 1170. About this time or not long before rose vp Franciscus Franciscus and Dominicus Dominicus mainteners of blinde hypocrisie The originall of Waldenses came vpon this occasion about the yere 1160. it fell out as the chiefe heads of the citie of Lions were walking and talking according to their maner of diuers affaires one among them fell downe dead wherat Waldus Waldus being present was so terrified that he was stroken with repentance and indeuour to refourme his life insomuch that first he began to minister large almes of his goods to such as needed Secondly to instruct himselfe and his familie with the true knowledge of Gods word Thirdly to admonish all them which resorted vnto him vpon any occasion to repentance and vertuous amendment of life whereby he drew much people vnto him to whome he gaue certaine rudiments translated out of the scripture into the French tongue The Prelates threatned him with excommunication whereat hee was nothing abashed but persisted constant vntill with sworde imprisonment and banishment they draue Waldus with all his fauourers out of the Citie who therefore were called Pauperes de Lugduno because they were driuen from their Countrey and dispossessed of their goods Their articles were these 1 Onely the Scriptures are to bee beléeued in matters concerning faith The doctrine of the Waldenses 2 All things necessarie to saluation to be conteyned in the Scriptures 3 That there is one onely Mediator and no Saints to be inuocated 4 No Purgatorie 5 Masses to be wicked 6 Mens traditions to be reiected in matters of saluation against holy dayes superfluous chaunting fixed fastes the degrées and orders of Priestes Nunnes c. Against vowes and peregrinations 7 Against the supremacie of the Pope 8 Against receiuing in one kinde 9 The Pope is Antichrist and Rome Babylon 10 Against indulgences and pardons 11 Against vowes of chastitie 12 That such as heare the word and haue a right faith are the Church of Christ and the keyes to be the preaching of the word and ministring the Sacraments These Waldenses at length exiled were dispersed into sundrie and diuers places of whom many remayned long time in Bohemia who writing to their king Vladislaus to purge themselues of the slaunderous accusations of one D. Augustin gaue vp their confession with an Apologie which was no other doctrine than that which is taught at this day The zeale of the Waldenses as appeareth by the report of Aeneas Siluius They were deuout in praier and diligent in reading the Scriptures In so much that Reinerius a diligent Inquisitor against them reporteth that he did heare and sée a man of the Countrey vnlettered The Testamēt by heart which could rehearse the whole booke of Iob worde for worde without the booke and diuers other which had the new Testament by heart and they were so painefull to instruct others that he saith he did heare of one that knew the parties that one of them did swimme ouer the riuer Ibis to conuert one from the Romish religion and to geue him instructions In the reigne of this K. Henrie was gathered thorowe England and Fraunce ij d. of euerie pound for the succour of the East christians against the Turkes for such was the affliction that Pope Vrban 3. died for sorow Gregorie 8. the next Pope after him liued not two moneths Then in the dayes of P. Clement 3 king Henrie of England and Philip the French king the Duke of Burgundie the Earle of Flaunders the Earle of Cāpania with diuers other christiā princes with a general consent vpō S. Georges day took the mark of the crosse vpon thē promising together to take their voiage to the holy land at which time the king of England receiued first the Red crosse The markes of the crosse to go to fight for the holy land the French king the White crosse the Earle of Flanders the Gréene crosse and so other Princes other colours But king Henry after the thrée yéeres were expired in which he promised to performe his voiage sent to the pope for farther delay of his promisse offering for the same to erect 3. monasteries which hee thus performed In the Church of Waltham hee thrust out the secular priests placed monkes in their roome and repaired againe brought in the nunnes of Amesbury that were before excluded for their incontinent life An. 1173. Incontinent life of nunnes About the fiue and twentith yéere of the raigne of this king Ludouicus the French king by the vision of Thomas Beckets appearing to him in his dreame and promising him the recouery of his sonne K Lewes of France maketh pilgrimage to Becket if he would resort to him to Canterbury made his iourney into England to visit S. Thomas at Canterbury with Philip Earle of Flanders where hée offered a rich cup of gold with other precious iewels 100. vessels of wine yéerely to the couent of the Church of Canterbury Anno 1178. Albingenses Albingenses about Tholouse denied the reall presence and denied also matrimony to be a sacrament The monkes of the Charterhouse Monks of the Charterhouse first entred into
this Realme an 1180. Anno 1187. Baldwinus Archbishop of Canterburie began to buyld his new house and church at Lambeth but by letters of Pope Clement the third he was forbidden to procéede any further It is written also that Henrie 2. gaue to the Church of Rome for the death of Becket 40000. markes of siluer and 5000. markes of gold an 1187. In the fiue and thirty yeare of his reigne the king died at the Castle of Whiuen in Normandie at whose death they that were present were so greedie of the spoile that they left the body of the king naked and not so much could be found as a cloth to couer it till a Page comming in and seing the king lie so ignominiously threw his cloke vpon his neither partes Anno 1189. Richard the eldest sonne of Henry the 2. succéeded his Father at which time Pope Clement Pope Clement sat at Rome succéeding Gregory that died a little before for sorrow Iewes destroyed In the time of the Coronation of the king the Iewes were destroied almost all the land ouer The king in part of satisfaction for his trespasse against his father agreed with Phillip the French king to take vpō them the recouery of the holy lande and for the same solde and let out much and gathered diuers waies great treasures for the iourney Besides by the commaundement of Pope Clement the third a tenth was exacted of the whole Realme in such sort as the Christians should make to the King 70000. A Bish Chancellour A Bish chiefe iustice of England pound and the Iewes sixe thousand For the gouernment of his Realme in his absence the King set ouer principall in his absence the Bishop of Ely his Chauncellour and the the Bishop of Durham whom he ordained to be chiefe Iustice of England the one to haue the custody of the Tower with the ouersight of all other partes of the land on this side of Humber The other which was the bishoppe of Durham to haue charge ouer all other his dominions beyond Humber sending moreouer to Pope Clement in the behalfe of William Bishoppe of Ely to bée made the Popes Legate through all England and Scotlande which also was obtained These thinges thus ordered The iourney for the holie land the K. about the time of Easter sayled into France there deferred their iourney til after Midsommer They confirmed their agréemēt of the enterprise by oath the forme of which oath was this That either of thē should mainteine the honor of the other The forme of the oath for the holy land and beare true fidelitie of life members and worldly honor and that neither of them should faile one the other in their affaires c. But these couenants were not performed on the French kings part for at Messana hée suffered the kings part to be abused The French breaketh his oth by the inhabitants of the citie and picked quarrels against the Englishmen and wrought treason against the king by sending letters to the king of Cicill Tancredus by the duke of Burgundy the contents whereof were that the king of Englād was a false traitour and would neuer keepe the peace that was betwixt them and if the said Tancredus would warre against him or secréetly by night would inuade him hée with all his power would assist him and ioine with him to the destruction of him and all his armie which letters Tancredus shewed vnto king Richard at Cathmensium a citie where the king found Tancredus who gaue him very good intertainment thrée daies thrée nights and at his departing gaue him foure great ships and 15. gallies and furthermore he himselfe would néeds accompany him the space of two daies iourney to a place called Tauernium After the king of England had vnderstood so much by Tancredus and had also receiued of him the very letters he would shewe the French king from thenceforth no louing countenance as before King Richard hauing won Cipres departed with the French king toward the siege of Achon the 6. of Iune crossing the seas he met with a great barke fraught with men of warre being Saracens and furnished with wild fire and vnknowen serpents to the defence of Achon whom he vanquished and the 7. of Iune came to Achon which in short space after was rendered vnto the christians the 12. of Iuly and the captaines of the Pagans vpon agréement resorted vnto the tents of the Templars to common with the king touching peace giuing vp of their citie The sum of which peace was this that the kings should haue the citie of Achon fréely fully deliuered vnto them with all that was therein and 500. Captaines of the Christians should bée restored which were in Achon also the holy crosse should be rendered vnto thē 1000. christian captains with 200. horsemen whom soeuer they thēselues would choose out of al them that were in the power of Saladine Moreouer they should giue to the kings 200000. bysants so that they themselues would remaine as pledges in the K. hands for performāce hereof that if within 40. daies these couenaunts were not accomplished Achon wonne by the Christians they would abide the kings mercy touching life and lims These couenaunts beyng agréed vpon the kings sent their souldiers and seruants to the citie to take an 100. of the richest and best in the citie to close them vp in towers vnder strong kéeping The 13. day the two kings deuided the spoile of the citie betwixt them whereat the souldiers grudged and with somewhat adoo were appeased The 20. of Iuly K. Richard desired the French king that they with their armies would bind themselues by oth to remaine there still in the land of Ierusalē 3. yéeres for the recouering of those coūtries but he would sweare he said no such oth about the beginning of August the French K. departed from Achon to Tirus leauing his halfe part of the citie of Achon to Cōradus the Marques After whose departure the Pagans refused to kéepe their couenants made and neither would restore the holy crosse nor the monie nor the captiues sending word that if king Richard did behead the pledges left with him at Achon they would chop of the heads of such christian captiues as they had in their hands Shortly after this the Saladine sending great gifts to king Richard requested the time limited for the beheading of the captiues to bée proroged but the King refused to take his giftes or to graunt his request Wherevpon the Saladine caused all the Christian captiues within his possession forthwith to be beheaded which was the 18. of August And albeit the king vnderstood it yet he would not preuent the time limitted for the execution of his prysoners beyng the twentith day of August vppon which day hée caused them openly in the sight of the Saladines army to bee beheaded to the number of 2500. sauing hée reserued certaine of the principall for purposes especially to make
plate and this was about the 5. yere of his reigne and then it was obteyned of the P. that Priests might celebrate with Chalices of latin and tinne Chalices of lattin tinne which continued long after In the time of the kinges captiuitie Philip the French K. incensed Iohn the brother of king Richard to take on him the kingdome of his brother For which fact Ioh. at his brothers returne submitted himselfe vnto him and craued pardon which the king graunted About this time there was one Fulco Fulco some say hée was Archb. of Roan called Gualter who came vnto the king and tolde him The kings three daughters bestowed he had three daughters to bestow willing him to bestow them in time that is pride couetousnes and luxuriousnes Which words the king tooke in good part calling his Lords declared vnto them what Fulco had councelled him and said I geue my daughter swelling pride to be wife to the proude Templars My greedy daughter auarice to the couetous order of the Cistercian mōks And last of al my filthy daughter Lururie to the riotous prelates of the Church The king laying siege to a castle called Galuz belonging to the Lord Bemonice in little Brittaine thinking there to haue obtained great substaunce of treasure was shot into the arme by a souldier named Beytādus Cordomi K Richard slaine wherevpon the yron remaining and festering in the wound the king within nine daies after died hauing first forgiuen the souldier before his death After the death of king Richard King Iohn raigned his brother Iohn Earle of Morton An. 1200. Diuorce was made betwixt king Iohn and his wife because they were in the 3. degrée of kinred An. 1205. Hubert archb of Canterbury deceased Before his body was yet committed to the earth the yoonger sort of the monks elected Reignold their superiour and placed him in the Metropolitane sea without the Kings licence and knowledge Who being sent vnto by the elder sort of mōks requiring his gratious license to choose their Archb. consented therevnto requiring them also instantly at his request they would shew fauour to Iohn Gray bishop of Norwich which they also did electing him into that sea And for the full establishing the king sent of his owne charges to haue the matter ratified by the Pope The two Suffraganes of Canterbury not beyng made acquainted with the matter sent spéedily to Rome to haue both the elections stopped wherevpon grew great tumult for the Pope condemning both their elections created Stephen Langton with his owne hand in the high Church of Viterby vpon which occasion the king conceiued an excéeding displeasure against the Clergy and Monks of Canterbury and banished 64. of them out of the land and doth also sharply expostulate by letters with the Pope for that he had chosen Stephen Langton a man brought vp amongst his enimies a long time in the kingdome of France besides the derogation to the liberties of his crowne threatning except he would fauour the kings liking of the B. of Norwich The king threatneth the Pope hée would cut of the trade to Rome and the profites that came thether from the land The Pope writeth in the behalfe of R. Langton a froward and arrogant letter and not long after sendeth a commandement and charge into England to certaine bishops that if the king would not yéeld they should interdict him through his realme For the executiō whereof foure bishops were appointed William B. of London Eustace bishop of Ely Walter bishop of Winchester and Giles bishop of Hereford Which foure bishops went to him shewing their cōmission The king interdicted willing him to consent which the king refusing they went and pronounced the generall interdiction through out the realme and so the Church dores were shut vp with keies walles and other fastnings c. Which with other demeanour so incensed the king that hée tooke all the possessions of the foure Bishops into his handes appointing certaine men to kéepe the liuing of the Clergie throughout the realme and that they should inioy no part thereof he also proclaimed that all those that had Church liuing and went ouer the sea should returne at a certaine day or else lose their liuings for euer and charged all Sheriffes to inquire if any churchman receiued any commaundement that came from the Pope The king against the Clergie and that they should take their bodies and bring them before him and also that they should take into their hands for the kings vse all the church lands that were giuen to any man by the Archbishop Stephen or by the priors of Canterburie from the time of the election of the Archbishop and further charged that all the woods that were the Archbishops should be cut downe and sold Which things the pope hearing of sendeth two Legates Pandulph and Durance Pandulph and Durance Legates to charge the king to make restitution and cease from those wrongs doone to the church which when he refused to doo he procéeded to excommunicate him to assoile all his subiects from their oth of obedience Subiects assoiled of their oth of obediēce assoiling also all those of their sins that would rise against the K. And a while after vpon the Legats returne the Pope summoned all bishops The king accursed of the Pope abbots clarkes to repaire to Rome to cōsult what was to be doone therin where he accursed the K. and sent vnto the French king vpon remissiō of all his sins and of all that went with him that he should take with him all the power that he might and so inuade the Realme of England to destroy king Iohn Moreouer he gaue sentēce that the K. should be deposed another put in his place appointing the deposing to the french K Philip The pope giueth England to the French king promising to giue him remission of al his sins and the cléere possession of all the Realme of England to him his heires if he did either kill him or expel him Whervpō the next yere 1212. the Frēch K. begā to inuade but the Englishmen took 300. of his ships wel ladē with al prouision burnt another hundred within the hauen and tooke the spoile yet the K. considering the conspiracies of the pope and the sharpe inuasion of the French K. with the treasons at home by reason of the popes dispensation with the oath of obediēce in the 13. yéere of his raign sent Embassadors to the pope requiring peace The king submitteth to the Pope promising to satisfie him in al things with due satisfaction whervpon the pope sent Pandulph again into Englād with other Embassadors To whō in the behalfe of the court of Rome the K. submitted himself resigning gaue vp his dominiōs of England Ireland frō him his heires that should come of him for euermore with this condition that he shold take these 2. dominions of the pope again to
in one day by the P. did holde that euery day was frée for eating of flesh so it be done soberly Also that they did wickedly which restrayned Ministers from their lawfull wiues For which cause this Pope and his Bishops caused an hundred of them to be burned in one day Nauclerus reporteth that at the same time many were in the Citie of Millan of the said doctrine which vsed to sende Collects vnto the foresaid Saints of Alsatia The Rablement of Religious Orders in the Popish Church AVstinians Ambrosians two sortes 490 Antonians heremites 324 Austines heremites 498 Austines obseruants 490 Armenians sect Ammonites and Moabites Basilius order 384 Benets order 324 Bernardes order 1120 Barefooted friers 1222 Brigets order 1370 Beghart or white Spirites 1399 Brethren of Ierusalem 1103 Brethren of S. Iohn de ciuitate black friers 1220 Brethren of wilful pouertie Cluniacensis order 913 Canons of S. Augustine 7080 Charterhouse order 1086 Cistercian order 1098 Crossebearers or Crossed friers 1216 Carmelites or white friers 1212 Clares order 1225 Celestines order 1297 Camaldulensis order 950 Crostarred brethren Constantino politanish order Crosse-bearers Chapter monkes Duch order 1216 Dominick black friers 1220 Franciscans 1224 Grandmontensis order 1076 Gregorian order 594 Georges order 1407 Guilhelmites 1246 Gerundinesis order Galileans Heremites Helenes brethren Humiliati 1166 Hospitall brethren Holy Ghost order Ieroms order two sorts 1412 Iohns heremites Iustines order 1432 Iohannites or knights of the Rhodes 380 Iniesuati 1308 Ieromes heremites 1365 Iosephs order 490 Iacobites sect Iames brethrens order Iames brethren with the sword Indians order Katherin of Senes order 1455 Keyed mōks K. of the Rhodes Lazarites or Marimagdalins or our Ladies brethren 1034 Lords of Vngarie Minorires which be deuided into Conuentuales Obseruants Reformate Collectane De Capucio De Euangelio Amedes Clarini c. Minorites 1224 Maries seruants 1304 Monks of mount Oliuet 1046 Marouinies sect Monorites sect Monache Monachi Morbonei Merestei Menalaish Iasonish sect New chanons of S. Austin 1430 Nestorini Nalhart brethren New order of our Ladie Nazarei Paules heremites 345 Premonstratensis order 1119 Preachers order or black friers Peter the Apostles order 1009 Purgatorie brethren Rechabites Sarrabites Sambanites 1199 Scourgers the first sect 1266 Souldiers of Iesus Christ 1323 Scopenites or saint Saluators order 1367 Specularii or Glasse order Sepulchres order Shere order Swerds order Starrid monkes Starrid friers Sclauonie order Scourgers the second secte called Niniuites Stoole brethren Scotland brethren order Sicarii S. Sophis order Templars order 1110 Templar knights 1120 The vale of Iosaphats order Vallis Vmbrosae 1400 Waldensis sect Wentzelaus order Wilhelmes order White monkes of mount Oliuet 1406 Zelotes order IN the daies of pope Innocent the 3. began the two sects of Friers one called the Preachers order Dominicks Minorits friers or blacke friers of S. Dominicks the other called the Minorits of S. Francis The Preachers order began of one Dominicke a Spaniard about the partes of Tholouse who after he had laboured 10. yéeres in preaching against the Albingenses afterward comming vp to the Councell with Fulco B. of Tholouse desired the pope to haue his order of preaching cōfirmed which the pope a great while refused till at length thorough a dreame he dreamed he perswadeth the Pope His dreame was that Laterane Church was ready to fall he with his shoulders was faine to hold it wherevpon Dominick had his petitition granted The rule which they folow séemeth to be taken out of S. August Their profession stādeth vpō 3. special point 1. Hauing charity 2 Holding humility 3. Possessing wilful pouerty their habit clothing is blacke The minorities descend from one Francis an Italian of the citie of Assissium who hearing that Christ sent forth his disciples to preach thought to imitate the same in himselfe his disciples and so left of shoes had but one coate The perfection of the Gospel and that of a coorse cloth in stéed of a latchet to his shoe and a girdle tooke a Hempen cord and apparrelled his disciples teaching them as he said the perfection of the Gospel to apprehend pouerty and to walke in the way of holy simplicity He left in wryting to his Disciples and followers his rule which he called the Rule of the Gospell He was very seuere in outward chastising of him selfe so that in Winter he couered his bodie with I se and snowe He called pouertie his Ladie He kept nothing ouer night So desirous he was of martirdome that he went into Siria to the Souldan who receiued him honorablie for he tolde him not the trueth as Iohn Baptist did to Herod Many sectes of Franciscans The Franciscans be deuided into many Sectes some goe in tréene shooes or pattins some barefooted some regular Frāciscās or obseruāts some minors some minimi other of the gospel other de caputio About the same time sprang vp the Crooched friers Crooched friers taking their originall of Innocent the 3. who raised vp an army signed with the crosse on their brest to fight against the Albingenses whom the Pope and his sect accompted for heretiks about the part of Tholouse The Albingenses denied the Popes authoritie and his traditions they were against Images pardons purgatorie and chiefly they were abhorred of the Pope because they set vp a contrary pope against him in the coastes of Burgarorum Of these Albingenses were slaine at times and burned a great multitude by the meanes of the Pope and Simon de monte forti with other more About this season or not not much before died Pope Innocent the third in the 19. yéere of his Popedome to whose custody Fredericus the nephew of Fredericke Barbarossa being yong was committed by the empresse his mother After this Innocent succéeded Honorius 3. and after Honorius when he had gouerned ten yéeres followed Gregorius 9. which popes were in the raigne of Henry 3. About the yéere 1218. Becket 50. yeeres after his death was taken vp and shrined for a new Saint made of an olde rebel Becket shrined after his death to whose shrining came such resort of people of England and France that the countrey of Kent was not sufficient to sustaine them About the yeare 1220. the young king was the seconde time crowned againe at Westminster About which time was begun the new building of our Lady Church at Westminster By reason the Realme through king Iohn was made tributarie to the Pope the exactions vpon all estates from the Sea of Rome especiallie vpon beneficed men Incredible exactions from Rome and such as held any thing of the church were incredible so that certaine of the Nobles assented with the king to make a restraint of such rents and exactions The Pope required by Cardinall Otho of all the churches two prebends one for the bishops part one for the chapter also of the monasteries where be diuerse portions The Popes request in England one for the Abbot another for
the couent of the couēt so much as apperteineth to one monke the portion of the goods being portionably deuided of the Abbot likewise as much This request was denied so that not long after the said Otho came again Cum autentico plenariae potestatis and assembled a Councell againe at London for the former purpose so that diuerse for feare many to obtaine further dignities bestowed diuers pretious rewards on him in palfreis in rich plate and iewels in costly and sumptuous garmēts richly furred in come in vittels c. Gifts to the popes Legate In so much that onely the B. of Winchester hearing that he would winter at London sent him fiftie fat oxen and a 100. coome of pure wheat and eight tunnes of chosen wine towards his house kéeping and other likewise according to their abilitie Now the time of the Councell drawing néere and the Bishops assembled Contentiō betwixt Canterbury Yorke for dignitie there fell great variance and discord betwixt the Archbishops of Canterbury and Yorke for sitting at the right hand and the left hand of the cardinall The Cardinall to pacifie thē brought foorth a certaine Bull of the Pope in the middest whereof was pictured the figure of the Crosse with the Image of Paule on the right side and Peter on the left and vpon that shewed no derogation to arise for the place or seats Whervpon from that time foorth Canterbury enioyed the right hand and Yorke the left This strife thus ended The strife ended the Cardinall preacheth vnto them and maketh such vnreasonable demaundes for the filling of his bagges that the king dreading the displeasure of his commons for the dooings of the Legate willed him to repayre home againe to Rome yet could hée not be so rid of him but that hée gleaned foure markes of euery procuration besides the rable of Friers sturred men to go to warre agaynst the Turkes whom when they had once bound with a vowe and signed them with the Crosse then send they Bulles to release them for mony Besides the Pope shamed not to aske the fifth part of euery ecclesiasticall mans liuing and also pope Gregory agréed with the citizens of Rome that if they would ioyne with him in vāquishing Fredericke the Emperor he would graunt vnto them that all the benefices of England that were and should be vacant namely pertaining to religious houses should be bestowed at their owne will commandement to their children kinsfolke whervpon within a few daies after the pope sendeth commandement to the archb of Cāterbury and foure other bishops that prouision should be made for 300. Romans in the chiefest and best benefices in all England 300. Romanes to be placed in benefices of England at the next voidance so that the archb and those bishops should be suspēded from all gifts of benefices vntill the 300. were prouided for Wherevpon the archb seing the vnreasonable oppression of the land went into Fraunce and left the realme and the rest of the Prelates comming themselues to the king desired a councell that talke might be had in the matter which being graunted they made certaine exceptions to the Popes request The Pope desireth to be strong to suppresse the Emperour Fredericke not daring directly to denie the contribution Now the occasion both of this collection of the mony and this fauour of the Romans was to the end the Pope might be sufficiently strong to suppresse the Emperour Fredericke Not long after this followed at Lions a generall Councell A Councell at Lions called by Innocent the 4. In which Councell the English nation did exhibite certaine Articles of their griefes touching the Popes great exactions and placing Italians in their benefices but their suite preuayled not for the Pope not long after that New exactiōs in England sent for new exactions to be gathered which when the King heard of hée commaunded the Bishops not to yéeld to any such matter till the returne of his Ambassadours which hée sent to the Pope touching that matter About the latter end of December the Embassadours returne and signifie the Popes high displeasure against the King whereat hée being greatly mooued caused to be proclaimed through al his realme that none héereafter should consent to any taxe of money frō the court of Rome No taxe of money out of England to Rome which comming to the popes eare he directeth his letters to the prelats of England vpon payn of his curse suspence that they should make collection of the summe of money against the feast of the assumptiō the charge of the curse being committed to the B. of Worcester to execute The K. relenteth to the pope The 3. part of churchgoods the yeerly fruit of vacant benefices to the pope This so terrified the king that what with the perswasion of the bishops other prelats he relented which made the Pope at length so past shame that he he demaunded vpon the censure of his curse the third part of the churchgoods and the yéerely fruits of al vacant benefices So that such hath béene the insatiable desire of the Romanists that in the dayes of Sudburie Archbishop of Canterbury Anno 1360. the pope by his proctors gate from the Cleargy in lesse then one yéere more thē 60000. Florins of méere contributions 60000. florins in one yeere to Rome besides c. besides his other auailes and common reuenues out of benefices prebendaries first fruits tributes peterpence collations reseruations relaxations and such merchandise About this time ann 1220. The Albingenses assailed by the pope the pope stirred vp Lodouike the yong French king through the instance of Philip his father to lay siege against the Albingenses of the city of Tholouse vtterly to extinguish them but God preserued thē and cast such a pestilence among the Frenchmen beside famine want that they were constrained to depart Simon de monte forti general of the army to whom the land of the Earle of Tholouse was giuen by the pope was slaine with a stone before the gate of the citie Ann. 1221. first entred the Frier minorites or gray Friers into the land and had their first house at Canterbury Frier minorits in England had their first patrone Franciscus which died ann 1227. and his order was cōfirmed by P. Honorius 3. an 1224. About their comming in many english men came into their order Iohannes de sancto Egidio Alexander de Hales amōg whō was Iohan. de sācto Egidio a famous phisitiō astronomer Alexander de Hales Not long after by Williā de longa Spata which was the bastard sonne of king Henry 2. and Earle of Salisbury the house of Carthusian Carthusians mōks was first founded at Heitrop anno 1222. whose wife Ela after his death founded the house of Nunnes at Lacocks there continued her selfe Abbesse of the place Not long after began the new building of the minster of Salisbury
certaine souldiers thereto appointed who did execute the contents accordingly so that the Italians throughout the land were spoiled their corne fruites bestowed on the poor commons of the land Italians spoyled throughout the land This comming to the knowledge of Roger B. of London he with the assistance of other bishops procéedeth to excommunication against them and such as had forged the kings letters Yet for al that the same yéere about Easter next following all the Barnes in Englande that were in the handes of any Romane or Italian were likewise wasted who for feare were fayne to hide themselues in monasteries and celles The Authors and workers of this feat were foure score armed souldiers of whom the principall Captaine was one naming himselfe William Withers William Withers surnamed Twynge The Pope hearing of this sendeth his letters to the king vpon the same threatning him with excommunication to search out the doers of the fact to punish them accordingly likewise he sent the same charge to Peter bishop of Winchester and to the Abbot of Saint Edmunds to inquire in the South partes to the bishop of Durham and the Archb. of Yorke and to Master Iohn Chanon of Yorke a Romane to inquire in the North partes for the said malefactors So that earnest inquisition being made diuers were found fauourers and diuers euen of the cleargy but the chiefe author was supposed to be Hugo de Burge L. chiefe iustice who both with the kings letters his own fortified the doers therof that no man durst interrupt them Moreouer in the same society was R. Twinge who of his owne voluntary accord came to the king and protested himselfe to be the Author of the fact because that by the sentence of the B. of Rome and fraudulent circumuention of the Italians he was bereaued of the patronage of his benefices hauing no more to giue but that one Then the king and other executors of the Popes commandement counselled him to offer himselfe to the pope to be absolued and there to make declaration of his cause The king also wrote letters in the behalfe of his Souldiers requiring fauourable audience At the request whereof P. Gregorie both released him of the sentēce and restored him to his Patronage But the grudge against Hubert did not so ende for the Bishops conspired against him and first commeth Peter B. of Winchester to the K. with gréeuous complaints and so preuayled with him that he caused the Lord Hubert to be put from his office and procured Steeuen Segraue to be placed in his roome And afterward the K. was more more kindled against him and called him to account for old matters whereof he had the hand of the king to shew for his discharge which notwithstanding was not accepted the bishop of Winchester replying that the charter of king Iohn had no force after his death but that ye may now said hée be called to reckoning of this king for the same The iniuries also damages wrought against the clarks of Rome and the Italians and the Popes Legates were obiected against him with diuerse other crimes concerning the estate c. Wherevnto he was required to answere by order of law Hubert then seing himselfe in such a straight refused to answere presently but required respite because the matters were waighty which the king obiected vnto him which was graunted til the 14. day of September but in the meane time L. Hubert destitute on euery side fearing the king he fled from London to the priory of Merton and was destitute on euery side sauing onely that Lucas Archb. of Dublin with instant praiers teares laboured to the king for him When the day was come that Hubert must appeare kéeping amōgst the monks of Merton he durst not shewe himselfe whereat the King being offended directed his letters in all hast to the mayor of London commaunding him to muster and take vp all that could beare harnesse in London and by force of armes to bring him Hubert either quicke or dead out of Merton which was accomplished The Londoners hate Hubert And on the next morow the Londiners who hated Hubert issued out with twenty thousand men and set forward toward the Abbey of Merton where Hubert was prostrate before the Altar commending himselfe to God In the meane season while the Citizens were on their iournie it was suggested to the king by Radolph Bishop of Chichester and Lord Chancellour that it was dangerous to raise vp the rude multitude for feare of sedition Moreouer what shal be said quoth he among the Frenchmen other Nations but thus iestingly and in mockerie see what a kinde birde is this young king of England that séeketh to deuoure his olde Nurse vnder whose winges he hath béene brought vp in his youth With which words the king being moued sent in all hast after the armie willing them to retire One of the Messengers for he sent two made great spéede and shewed the kings pleasure in good time the other desiring the destruction of Hubert lingred in his way and notwithstanding he rode but a soft pace fel of his horse that by chance stumbled and brake his neck After this the Archb. of Dublin with great suite intreated and obteyned of the K. to graunt Hubert respite till the xij of Ianuary to prouide him of his answere Whereupon Hubert taking some confidence and as it were comming to himselfe tooke his iourney to S. Edmondsburie where his wife was and passing through Essex inned at a certayne Towne belonging to the B. of Norwich Whereof when the king was certified fearing least he should make some commotion in the Realme sendeth in hastie anger after him Sir Godfrey Crancombe knight with 300. men commanding them vnder paine of hanging that they shoulde bring him to the Tower of London Which commandemēt was accomplished in hast Hubert hauing intelligence of their comming rose out of his bed naked as he was ran to the Chappell néere to the Inne where he was and there with one hand holdeth the crosse and with the other the sacrament of the Lordes bodie Godfrey entering the Chappell with his armed Souldiers and taking the Crosse and Sacrament out of his hands L. Hubert brought to Tower bound him fast with Fetters and Giues vnder the horse bellie and brought him to the Tower Whereat the king hauing tarryed vp watching for him greatly reioyced and went merrilye to his bed The next morrow following Roger Bishoppe of London had knowledge after what sort he was taken out of the Chappel He commeth to the King blaming him boldly for violating the peace of holy Church and protested that vnlesse the partie were losed againe and sent to the Chappell from whence he was taken he would enter into sentence of Excommunication against the déede doers L. Hubert sent back againe Whereupon the king sendeth him back againe to the Chappel by the same Souldiers that brought him out before and geueth charge
the treasure vnder Peter Riuall so that by these all the affaires of the realme were ordered wherof the nobles cōplaining through the bishops means could haue no audience So that they sent word to the K. that vnlesse he would without al delay seclude from him Peter B of Winchester and other Alians of Pictauia they would with the cōmon cōsent of the realme displace him of his kingdome They would displace the king At which message the king was much perplexed but Winchester wrought so with him that the king warred vpon the Marshall with other of the Nobles néere two yéeres The same yéere the king builded a monastery of cōuerts A monastery of conuerts at London for the redemption of his soule and the soule of king Iohn his father and the soules of all his ancestors c. Ex Math. Paris pag. 86. After the election of Iohn Prior of Cāterbury was disanulled one Iohn Blund was elected who trauelling vp to Rome An 1233. to be confirmed of the pope was vnchosen againe for that he had receiued of Peter B. of Winchester 1000. marks and had another 1000. promised him of the said Winchester thinking by his mony to make him of his side also wrote to the Emperour to helpe forward his promotion in the court of Rome but all was in vaine After whom by the commandement of the Pope one Edmund Chanon of Salisbury was ordained Archb. and had his pal sent him from the pope which Edmund Edmund after for his vertues was canonized for a Saint Robert Grosted about which time also Robert Grosted was made bishop of Lincolne This Edmund with other bishops An. 1234. declared boldly in the name of the Lords the king being in counsell at Westminster that the counsell which then he followed was daungerous A bad counsell followed of the king both to him and the realme Adding moreouer except he would in short time reforme himselfe they would procéed by censure of the Church against him these wordes of the Bishops beyng spoken the king required a little time of respite to aduise him saying that he could not of a sudden remoue his councell from him before he had entred his accompt with them of his treasures cōmitted vnto them and so the assembly brake vp Not long after this Edmund the archb was inuested in the church of Canterbury who shortly after his consecration about the moneth of Aprill cōming with his Suffragans to the place of counsaile where the King with his Barons and Earles was assēbled put him in mind of his promise touching the reforming of matters denouncing that except hée would spéedily so doo Reformation they would procéede to the sentence of excōmunication against him those that should shew themselues enemies wherevpon the king within few daies after commaunded Winchester to leaue the court and to go to his Bishopricke moreouer hée commaunded Riuall the Bishops coosin some stories say his sonne to render vnto him his castels and to giue accompt of all his treasures and so to voyd the realme The kings courage swearing moreouer vnto him that if he were not beneficed and within orders of the Church hée would haue caused both his eies to be pulled out of his head He expelled also the Pictauians sent Edmund Pictauians expelled the Archbishop with Chester and Rochester to intreate of peace with Leolin and Richard Earle marshall and others But in the meane time while these things were doing in England Richard Earle marshal by the falshood of the Bish of Winchester and Peter Riuall forging the kinges letters to the Irishmen against him and partly by the conspiracie of Gilbert de Morisco was circumuented by the Irishmen in warre and there taken and wounded and by them through the meanes of his Surgion slaine About this time great slaughter was of thē which are called Catini about the parts of Almaine Catini in Asmaine slaine they were estéemed of pope Gregorie and the papistes for heretikes but what their opinions were it is not certaine Parisi In like sort Albingenses slaine the Albingenses in great number were slain by pope Gregory in a certaine plain in Spaine Paris fo 87 The king hearing of the death of the Earle marshal made great lamentation for him At Glocester the Archb. with the bishops declared to the K the conditions of peace desired that he would be reconciled to the Nobles those hée had banished the Realme Whervpon the King directed his letters and gaue safeconduct to all the exiles that they shoulde repaire to him about the beginning of Iune at Glocester Wherevppon first commeth to the King Hubert Hubert commeth to the K offering himselfe to the kinges goodwill and fauour whom the king with chéerefull countenance embraced restoring vnto him all that hée had taken from him of liuing and possessions and after him came others that were imbraced of the king and receiued into fauour againe Reconciliation and those that were before high in the Kinges fauor reproued and reiected and among other matters for the death of the Earle marshal The same yéere the peace grew in England Dissention betwixt the pope the Romans dissentiō fel at Rome betwixt the Pope and the Romanes for that the Citizens claimed by olde custome that it was not lawfull for the pope to excommunicat any citizen The Pope greater then any man nor suspend the citie with any interdiction for any maner excesse The Pope answered that he is lesse thā God but greater than any mā therefore greater then any Citizen yea greater then King or Emperor and forsomuch as he is their spiritual father he ought and lawfully may chastise his children For this and other controuersies such dissention arose that the pope with his cardinals remoued to Perusium but the Romans ouerthrew diuers of his houses in the citie Wherefore he did excommunicate them The Romanes then flying to the Emperor desired his aide but he gathered an army and to pleasure the Pope went against them and ioyned with the Popes army whose Captains were the Earle of Tholouse to purchase the popes fauour and Peter the foresaid B. of Winchest who ioyning together with the emperour vexed the citizens greatly who with the nūber of a hundred thousand without order issuing out with purpose to destroy Viterbium the popes cities were destroied thēselues in great number of their enimies On both partes were slaine 30. Romans slayn thousand But the most part were of the Citizens This dissention continued long after In the time of this Gregory 9. ann 1230. the schisme of the Church brake out into a plaine diuision Schisme of the East Chhrch from the West vtterly disseuering the East Church from the West vppon this occasion There was a certaine Archbishop elected to a Bishopricke among the Grecians who comming to Rome to bée confirmed could not be admitted without a great summe of money which when he refused to pay and
afterward was cited and condemned by Thomas Arundell Archbishop of Canterbury but what became afterward of him it is not certaine It is plaine by the Chronicle of S. Albons that the Londoners did hinder the Archb. himselfe sitting in the citie of London when he would haue made processe against Iohn Aishton The Londoners fauorers of trueth anno 1382. Nicholas Herford during the time of this Conuocation did not appeare and therefore had the sentence of excommunication against him against which he put in his appeale to the King and his Councell the Archbishoppe woulde not admitte it but caused him to bee apprehended and inclosed in prison yet hee escaped and returned to his former preaching in secrete manner Wherevpon the Archbishop thundered out excommunication against him and wrote letters to the king requiring his sword to chop of his necke In this meane time it is not certainly knowne what became of Wickliffe but as it may bee gathered out of Walden Wickliffe banished it appeareth that he was banished but whersoeuer he were at that time hée wrote a letter to Pope Vrban the sixt purging himselfe therein and also in the same declareth a briefe confession of his faith But this Pope Vrban otherwise called Turban was so hotte in his warres against Clement the French Pope his aduersarie that he had neither leysure nor list to attend vppon Wickliffes matters By reason of the schisme Wickliffe is more quiet by reason of which schisme Wickliffe was in more quiet Anno 1383. Pope Vrban employed Henry Spencer B. of Norwich who was hardly intreated at Lennam for striuing for the mayors mace in suppressing of the Antipope at Auinion in Fraunce and sent Bulles to the same Henry about this time to Croysser whosoeuer would go with him into France to destroy the Antipope that named himself Clement to make wars with al those the tooke his part which was takē in hād accordingly to the end was giuē to the Bishop the fiftinth which was graunted to the king the Parlement before and about the moneth of Maie being come to Canterbury there tarying for a wind in the Monastery of S. Augustine receiued a writ from the king that he should returne to him and know further his pleasure The B. fearing he should be staied notwithstāding the writ entred the seas and arriued at Calis and afterward besieged Grauendie that held with the Antipope and tooke it and there slue man woman and child A cruell Bishop Ex Chron. Mon. D. Albons And after that he had slaine at Dunkirke in the chase twelue thousand of the Frēch of his men only seuen missing and had in vaine besieged Ipres and could not kéepe Graueling returned againe into England In this meane time Iohn Wickliffe eyther béeyng banished or kept in some secrete place Lutterworth VVickliffes parish Church returned agayne within short space and repayred to his parishe Churche at Lutterworth whereof hée was parson and there dyed in the beginning of the yeere one thousand thrée hundred eightie and foure vpon Siluesters day and died olde of whom Thomas Walden his aduersary testifieth VVickliffes constancie that the same pleased him in his olde age which pleased him beyng young This Wickliffe had written diuers and sundry workes which anno 1410. were burnt at Oxforde the Abbot of Shrewesburie being the Commissarie and sent to ouersée that matter and not onely in England but in Boheme also the bookes of Wickliffe were set on fire by one Subincus Archbishop of Prage The number of the volumes which he is said to haue burned being most excellently written W. bookes burned richlie adorned with bosses of gold and rich couerings as Aeneas Siluius writeth were aboue 200. Iohannes Cocleus in his Hist Hus recordeth that there was a certaine Bishop in England which wrote vnto him that he had yet remaining in his custody two mighty volumes of Wickliffes workes which for the quantitie might séeme to be equall to the workes of S. Augustine He wrote also certaine answers to king Richard the second touching the Title of the King and the Pope and whether the king may for his defence in time of necessitie withhold his treasure from the Pope In which he declareth the Popes vsurpation and that Lordly dignitie which by the institution of the Apostles is forbidden him c. Wickliffe had many fauourers euen of the Nobilitie as well as of the lower sort His speciall fauourers were these Iohn Clenbone Wickliffes fauourers Lewes Clifford Richard Sturmes Thomas Latimer William Neuell Iohn Mountague which plucked downe all the Images in his Church Beside all these was the Earle of Salisbury who for contempt in him noted toward the Sacrament in carrying it home to his house was enioyned by Badulph Ergon Bishop of Salisbury Penance to make in Salisbury a crosse of stone in the which all the story of the matter should be written and hee eue Fridaye during his life to come to the Crosse barefoote and bareheaded in his shirt and there knéeling on his knées to doe penance for his fact Ex Chro. Mon. de albon In vita Rich. 2 The Londoners at this time trusting in the mayors authoritie the cleargy spirituall men being choked with bribes The Londoners take vpon them c. and winking at vice tooke vppon them the office of the B. in punishing vices belonging to the ciuil law as fornication adulterie c. Ex eod Wickliffe had diuers testimonies of his great learning and godlinesse as of the Vniuersitie of Oxford sealed with the Vniuersitie Seale But so farre did his doctrine take place that the Councell of Constance to destroy it did decrée that fourty fiue of his articles were hereticall and 41. yeres after his death VVic bones burned after his death Persecution commanded his bones to be taken vp and burned Thomas Walden in his booke de sacramentis sacramentalibus saith that after Wickliffe many suffered most cruell death and many also did forsake the Realme In the number of whom was William Swinderbie Walter Brut Iohn Puruey Richard White VVilliam Thorpe Raynolde Peacock Bishop of Asaph and afterwardes of Chichester Iohn Scotte and Philip Norris which being excommunicate by Pope Eugenius the fourth anno 1446. appealed to a general or oecumenical Councel Peter Paine who flying from Oxford into Boheme did stoutly withstande the Sophisters as touching both kindes in the Sacrament of the supper and afterward among the rest of the Orators was one of the fourtéene that were sent to the Councell at Basil where by the space of thrée dayes he disputed vpon the article touching the ciuill dominion of the Cleargie in the yere 1438. Also the Lord Cobham fauoured and followed VVickliffes doctrine as did the Bohemians who by the meanes of a Bohemian Student in Oxford of a noble stocke that carried with him into Bohemia certaine of VVickliffs booke De realibus vniuersalibus de ciuili iure diuino de Ecclesia
of Canterburie with the Abbey of Christes-church of saint Augustines Shrewesburie Coggeshall and Saint Osiris 20000. markes by the yere In the Sea of Durham and other abbeyes there 20000. markes In the Sea of Yorke and other abbeyes there as much In the Sea of Winchester and abbeyes there as much In the Sea of London and abbeyes there and other houses as much In the Sea of Lincolne with the abbeies of Peterborow Ramsey and other as much In the Sea of Norwich and abbey of Burie other as much In the Sea of Elie Spalding as much In the sea of Bath with the abbey of Okinburn other as much In the sea of Worcester with the abbey of Euesam Abingdon and others as much In the sea of Chester with the precinct of the same and the seas of S Dauid Salisburie Exceter with their precincts as much with many other abbeyes bishopricks c. Moreouer they alledged that diuers in Englād possessed so many temporalties as might suffice to find yerely 15000. priestes clarkes euery priest to be allowed vij markes by the yere To this bil no answere was made but that the K. would take some aduisemēt deliberatiō Anno 1413 Henrie the 4. died in a chamber at Westminster called Ierusalem and was buried at Canterburie by the tombe of Thomas Becket After him succéeded his sonne Henrie the fift and not long after his coronation a Parlement was holden after Easter at Westminster an 1413. At which time Tho. Arundel Archbishop of Canterburie collected in Paules church at London an vniuersal Sinode of al the bishops and clergie in England In which Sinode among other matters it was determined that the day of S. George and of saint Dunstan shoulde be double feast Now the Popish feastes are thus deuided either they be double feastes or simple The double feast is subdiuided into principall double The kindes of popish feastes greater double lesser double and inferior or lower double To the principall double feast belonged eight dayes in the yere so the greater double had geuen vnto him in this Conuocation the day of Saint George and of S. Dunstan And albeit it was so decréed yet by custom it was not so vsed Notes of principall soules feast The principal double and the greater double were knowen from al other by 4. notes By seruice in the kitchen by seruice in the church both the which were double by ringing in the stéeple with double peale by copes in the quire and censing of the altar For in these two great and principall double feastes the vij the viij and ix lessons must be read with silken copes and at the saide feasts in the time of the Lessons the altars must be censed likewise the lesser double and inferior double had their peculiar seruice to them belonging And thus much of their double feasts The simple is also deuided into ether triple inuitorie or double inuitorie or else single Of the which moreouer some haue thrée lessons some haue 9. c. And thus much of popish feastes The chiefe cause of the Synode was to oppresse the Gospel as recordeth the chronicle of S. Albōs And to withstād the Noble and worthy Lord Cobham The noble and worthy Lord Cobham who principally mainteyned and receiued the preachers and set them vp to preach whom the Bishop had not licensed which was against a constitution principall of theirs In the meane time as they were talking and conspiring against the Lord Cobham there resorted vnto them 12. Inquisitors for heresie whom they appoynted at Oxford the yéere before to search out for Heretikes with all Wickliffes bookes who brought 246. conclusions which they had collected as heresies out of the said bookes The names of the Inquisitors were these Iohn Witnā Inquisitors for heresie a maister in new colledge Iohn Langdom monke of Christ church in Canterb. William Vfford regent of the Carmelits Thomas Clayton regēt of the Dominicks Robert Gilbert Richard Enthisdale Iohn Luck Richard Sindishame Richard Fleming Thomas Rotborn Robert Rowberry Richard Grafdale who all cōcluded that the chiefe fauourers were first to be dealt against there present the noble knight sir Iohn Oldcastle L. Cobham was complained of by the generall proctors to be the chiefe principall and a mighty mainteiner of suspected preachers in the dioces of London Rochester and Hereford cōtrary to the mind of the ordinaries and to haue assisted them by force of armes And last of all they accused him to be far otherwise in beliefe of the sacrament of the altar of penance of pilgrimage of image worshipping and of the ecclesiasticall power then the holy Church of Rome had taught many yéeres before Vpon this it was concluded among them that without any further delay processe should be awarded out agaynst him Processes against the Lord Cobham as against a most pernitious heretike and because they considered his great birth and the fauour he was in with the K. counsell was giuen they were aduised first to know his pleasure who thē remained at Keningstone which they did Who although he too much yéelded to them yet required thē in respect of his Noble stocke and Knighthood that they would if it were possible without rigour reduce him again to the vnitie of the Church and promised them also that in case they were not contented to take some deliberation himselfe would seriously common the matter with him which he anon after accordingly did and sent for the L. Cobham whē he was come he called him secretly admonishing him betwixt him himself to submit himselfe to his mother the holy church as an obedient child to acknowledge himselfe culpable The answere of L. Cobham to the king vnto whom the Christiā knight made this answer You most worthy prince saith he I am alwaies prompt ready to obey for asmuch as I know you a christian prince the minister of God bearing the sword to the punishment of euill doers safegard of them that are vertuous vnto you next vnto my eternall God owe I most reuerēce submit therevnto as I haue doone euer all that I haue either of fortune or nature ready at all times to fulfil whatsoeuer you in that Lord cōmaund me But as touching the pope his spiritualtie I owe them neither suit nor seruice for somuch as I know him by the scriptures to be the great Antichrist The Pope knowne by the scriptures to be the great Antichrist the sonne of perdition the open aduersary of God and the abhomination standing in the holy place When the King had heard this with such like sentences more hée would talke no longer with him but left him vtterly and the archbishop resorting againe vnto him The L. Cobham forsaken of the king he gaue him full authority to cite him examine him punish him according to their diuelish decrées wherevpon after a priuate citatiō by one Iohn Butler the archbishops somner
Christes sake and Iohn Chapman in whose house they were who al were carried to the Bishops house but Hewet they sent to Lollardes Towre and kepte Chapman and Tibauld asunder watched with two priestes seruauntes The next day Bishoppe Stokesley came from Fulham and committed Chapman to the stockes and shutte vp Tibauld in a close chamber but by Gods prouidence hee was deliuered out of prison albeit hée coulde not enioy house nor lande because of the Bishoppes iniunction but was fayne to sell all that hee had in Essex Chapman after fiue wéekes imprisonment whereof three hée sate in the stockes by much suite made to the L. Audley who was then Chancellour was deliuered but Andrew Hewet after long and cruell imprisonment was condemned to the fire with Frith after that he had giuen testimony to the trueth Anno 1531. The fiftéenth of Ianuarie Thomas Benet a Schoolemaister of fiftie yéeres of age borne in Cambridge was deliuered vnto Sir Thomas Dennis knight to be burned in Exceter He hid himselfe sixe yeres in Deuonshire but kindeled with zeale he resolued to aduenture his life for the testimonie of Iesus and in the moneth of October he did set vppon the Cathedrall church doore of Exceter scrolles in which were written The Pope is Antichrist and wée ought to worshippe God onelie and no Sayntes the Authour of which billes coulde not bée founde At the last the priestes fell to curse with booke bell and candle the Authour of the same Bennet béeing by who fell into a laughter within himselfe for a great space and coulde not forbeare Whereby some saie hee was bewrayed and taken other that his enemies beeing vncertaine whether it were he or not suffered him to depart home And not beeing able to digest the lyes which were preached sent his boye with other scrolles as before hee had done who béeyng examined confessed whose boye hee was and so Bennet was knowen and taken and committed to warde and béeing called to examination before the heads and cannons of the Citie confessed the fact and after muche disputing with the Friers especially one Gregorie Basset who had lien in prison at Bristow for the trueth and reuolted béeyng threatened hée shoulde haue his handes burned off with a panne of coales which was brought readie at his examination Thomas Bennet martyr hée was condemned to death and burned At whose burning Iohn Barnehouse Esquier béeing present tooke a fyrre bush vpon a pyke beyng sette on fire and thrust it vnto his face because hée woulde not saie Sancta Maria ora pro nobis But he answered Pater ignosce eis and so fire being put to him patiently he ended his life By reason of the rigorous proclamation aboue specified procured by the Bishops great persecution ensued so that a great number were troubled and either burned or constrained to abiure Thomas Cornwell or Austy Anno 1530. for not kéeping his fagot vpon his shoulder after his abiuration was condemned to perpetual prison in the house of S. Bartholomew from whence he afterward fled and escaped Anno 1530. Thomas Philips made his appeale from the B. to the king and would no otherwise abiure then generally all heresies for which the B. did excommunicate him and denounced him contumax and what after became of him it is vncertaine A litle before this time William Tracie William Tracie a woorshipfull Gentleman of Glocestershyre and then dwelling at Toddington made in his will that hée would haue no funerall pompe at his buriall neyther passed hée vppon Masse and saide hée trusted in GOD onelie and hoped by him to bée saued and not by anie Saynt This Gentleman dyed and his sonne his executour brought the Will to the Bishoppe of Canterburie to prooue which hée shewed to the Conuocation and then most cruelly they iudged that he shoulde bée taken out of the ground and bée burnt as an heretike Anno 1532. Wherof the King hearing the Chancelour was fayne to fine thrée hundreth pounds to haue his pardon of the king Anno 1531. Henry Tomson taylor notwithstanding he submitted himselfe to the Bishop yet therewith sentence condemned him to perpetuall prison His cause was the denying of the host to be God The same yéere was Thomas Patmore parson of Hadham in Hartfordshire a godly man and painefull teacher persecuted by Richard FitzIames bishop of London who was desirous to preferre another to the good mans benefice and so hardly was he dealt withall that in the end he submitted himselfe and abiured and was notwithstanding committed to perpetuall prison Howbeit one of his brethren made such suite vnto the king by the meanes of the Quéene that after thrée yéeres imprisonment hée was both released out of prison and also of the King obteyned a Commission vnto the Lord Audley then Lord Chancellour and to Cranmer Archbishoppe of Canterbury and to Cromwel then Secretarie with others to enquire of the vniust dealinges of the Bishoppe and his Chauncellour agaynst Patmore but what was the ende thereof it is vncertaine Anno 1531. Christopher a Dutch man of Antwerp was put in prison at Westminster for selling new Testaments in English and there died The same yer a boy of Colchester or of Norfolk for deliuering a buget of bookes to Richard Bayfield was layed in the prison of Master Moore Chauncellour and there dyed From the yere 1533. during the time of Quéene Anne During the time of Queen Anne no great persecution no great persecution nor abiuration was in the Church of England sauing that x. Anabaptistes were put to death in sundrie places of the Realme And anno 1535. tenne other repented and were saued whereof two were pardoned after sentence geuen which was contrary to the popes law After the Cleargie had with great crueltie vexed Christs flock anno 1534. 1534. Commons against the Cleargie a parlament was called by the king about the 15. daye of Ianuarie in which the Commons renued their old gréefes complaining against the Prelates and Ordinaries for calling men before them ex officio Answere to which requestes the king at that present did delay After the Cardinal had béene cast into a premunire anno 1530 about the yéere 1532 the king made a restraint that nothing should be purchased from Rome Nothing to be purchased from Rome and procéeded further against all the Prelates for supporting the Cardinall by reason whereof they also were entangled with premunire For the releasement whereof they offered the king 118840. poundes which was accepted with much adoe In this submission the king was called of the Cleargie Supreame head Supreme head The motion of the Commons to the king touching their gréeuances from the Cleargy in the prorogation of the parlament tooke good successe Wherein the king prouided remedies and enacted in the same Parlament that no man should be troubled for speaking any thing against the vsurped power of the Bishop of Rome or his lawes not grounded on the law of God The vsurped power of the Pope
of those bookes and condemned them Within foure moneths after this proclamation comming out in August the king deceassed in the beginning of Ianuarie in the 38. yéere of his reigne Anno 1547. 1547 The king dieth leauing behinde him king Edwarde Queene Marie and Quéene Elizabeth Persecution in Scotland Not onely in England but also in Scotland there was great persecution for the trueth And anno 1540. was Sir Iohn Brothwicke knight called captaine Brothwicke cited for heresie not appearing but escaping out of their hands was condemned for the same though hée were absent by the sentence of Dauid Beaton Archbishop of S. Andrewes and other prelates of Scotland Ten articles against Sir Iohn Brothwicke They obiected against him x. Articles 1. That the Pope hath no more authoritie then another Bishop 2. That the Popes indulgences and pardons are of no force 3. That the Pope is an open vser of Symonie sellyng the giftes of spiritualtie 4. That he perswaded many to imbrace heresies in England 5. That hee saide that the Cleargy of Scotland was blinde 6. Hée condemned the counsell of Constance 7. Hée perswaded the king to appropriate vnto himselfe the goodes of the Church 8. Hée desired that the Churche of Scotland were in the same estate that the Churche of England 9. That the canons were of no force 10. He perswaded against the religion of Scotland c. To all which articles he made a learned and large answere the Papistes condemned him being absent and openly burned his picture in token of his condemnation without all hope of pardon Not long after the burning of Dauid Stratton and maister Gurley in the dayes of Dauid Beaton B. and Cardinal of Saint Andrewes and George Treighton Bishoppe of Dunkelden a Chanon of Saint Colines and Vicar of Dolone called Deane Thomas Ferret Tho. Ferret was condemned to death without any place of recantation for preaching euery Sundaye to his Parishioners and with him two blacke Friers one called Iohn Relowe the other called Beuerage a priest of Striueling called Duncan Simons and one Gentleman called Robert Foster in Striueling with other thrée or foure of the same Towne of Striueling because they were chiefe Heretickes and especiallye bycause many of them were at the Bridall and mariage of a priest who was vicar of Twilodie beside Striueling and did eate flesh in the Lent at the same brydall And so they were altogether burnt vpon the Castle hill of Edenburgh where constantly they endured to the end one comforting another Anno 1543. Robert Lamb William Anderson Iames Hunter Iames Raueleson Iames Founteson and Helen Stirke his wife were put to death for the testimonie of the truth against the romish church William Anderson Robert with Iames Raueleson were accused for hanging vp the Image of S. Frauncis in a corde S. Francis homely vsed nayling of rammes hornes to his head and a Cowes rumpe to his taile and for eating of a goose on alhallow eue Iames Hunter because he vsed the suspect company of the rest the woman for that in her childebed shée was not accustomed to call on the Virgin Marie and that shée saide no merite of the Virgin but Gods frée mercie procured her the honour to be made the mother of Christ Iames Raueleson for building an house and setting vppon the rounde of his fourth staire the thrée crowned diademe of Peter with the Cardinalles booke as done in mockage of his Cardinals hat These persons on the morow after Saint Paules day were condemned vpon the Act against conferring and reasoning of the Scriptures The woman aforesaid Helen Stirke Helen Stirke a notable martir desired to die with her husbād and greatly encouraged him parting with him at the stake with a kisse saide this was the ioyfullest day that euer she had and said she would not bid him good night for said she we shall sodeinly méet with ioy in the kingdom of heauen and so she was taken away drowned although she had a childe sucking on her Dauid Beaton Bishop and Cardinal of S. Andrewes was the chiefe doer in this persecution In this yeare 1543. Iohn Chartnons being Prouost of S. Iohnston alias Pereth was deposed for fauouring of the trueth Anno 1546. The first of March master George Wiseheart 1533. George Wiseheart suffered martirdome for the faith of Iesus Christ at Saint Andrewes in Scotland anno 1543. He was a Student in Cambridge in Bennet Colledge where he was a speciall patterne of godlines and learning Afterwarde in Scotland he was apprehended and charged to haue preached notwithstanding he were forbidden and to haue spokē against the masse and the fiue odde Sacraments against auricular confession against the sacrament of the altar against vnction holiwater against the power of the Pope frée will distinction of meates against prayer to Saintes purgatory against vowes and the vse of popish superstitions to which as they would for furie geue him leaue George Wisehart The meeke death of George Wiseheart made a sufficient and Christian answere When he came to the place of execution and the Executioner prayed him of pardon he said come hether and kissed him and saide lo here a token that I forgeue thée My heart do thine office and so méekely he ended and constantly gaue testimony to the trueth of Iesus the people piteously mourning for his death It was not long after but the Cardinall was slaine by the handes of one Lech and other Gentlemen who sodeinly brake in vpon him and slewe him Gods iudgement after which he lay seuen moneths vnburied at the least and at last like carrion was buried in a dunghill After Beaton succéeded Iohn Hambleton Archbishop of saint Andrewes 1549. who the next yere folowing burned Adam Wallace for the matter of the Sacrament He was burned on the Castle hil of Edenburgh Before his execution they had taken frō him all his bookes which might serue for his comfort but that he had learned by heart all Dauids Psalter Adam Wallace had learned all Dauids psalter by heart and supplyed comfort that way When the fire was prepared he himself asked one of the Officers that stoode by if the fire were making redy who told him it was He answered as it pleaseth God I am ready soone or late as it pleaseth him so brought to the stake he ended with constancie and patience and gaue testimonie to the trueth first exhorting the people not to be offended at his suffering for the trueths sake Anno 1551. After that Richard Marshall doctor of Diuinitie and prior of the black Friers at Newcastle in England had declared in his preachings at Saint Andrewes in Scotland that the Lords prayer commonly called the Pater noster should be said onely to God and not to Saints neither to any other creature The Doctors of diuinitie of S. Andrewes together with the black Friers who had long ago taught the people to say the Pater noster to Saints had great
Carewe to Bruxels with king Philips safe conduct to passe and repasse by the meanes of the Lorde Paget and Sir Iohn Mason who pledged for his safe conduct king Philippes fidelitie But in his returne when hee had brought the Lorde Paget on his way from Bruxels towarde England he with Sir Peter Carewe was taken by the prouost-marshall spoyled of their horses and clapped into a Carte their legges armes and bodies tied with halters to the bodie of the Carte And so shipped being blindfolded vnder the hatches and brought to the Tower of London Where at the length Sir Iohn Cheeke Sir I. Cheeke was brought to recant and was drawen vnwares to sitte in place where the poore Martirs were brought before Boner and other Bishops to be condemned The remorse whereof wrought such effect in him that not long after he left this mortall life repenting him greatly of his fall before his death The ende of the eleuenth Booke The twelfth and last Booke CArdinall Poole thrée yéeres after his returne into England aduised himselfe of the reforming of the Vniuersitie of Cābridge The vniuersitie of Cambridge to be reformed To performe which charge were chosen Cutbert Scot not long before cōsecrated B of Chester Nicholas Ormanet an Italian archpriest of the people of Bodalon in the dioces of Veron professed in both lawes bearing the name of Lord Pope his Datary T. Watson elected B. of Lincoln Iohn Christophorson elected B. of Chichester and Henrie Cole prouost of the Colledge of Eaton The 9. of Ianuary Anno 1556. Inquisitors came to Cambridge The inquisitors aforesaid came to Cambridge took vp their lodgings all of them in Trinity colledge with M. Christophorson maister of the Colledge The next day after their comming they interdicted two Churches namely S. Maries Q. Maries and S. Michaels Churches were interdicted where Martin Bucer and S. Michaels where Paulus Phagius was buried now thrée or foure yéeres past During which time vnto that day the Priests neuer ceassed to celebrate masses and other ceremonies in these Churches and that without scruple till the comming of these Commissioners Who commaunded hereafter that the assemblies which should be made for executing of holy ceremonies should be remoued to the kings Chappell On the xj day the Vicechancellor of the Vniuersitie with the Masters of houses and the rest of the Graduates were commanded to appeare before the Commissioners in their habites so did in the gatehouse of Trinitie colledge which was adorned for the Commissioners Where the vicechācellor aforesaid hauing on a tissue cope sprinkeled the Commissioners with holy water and purposed to cense thē but they refused it there Which notwithstanding afterward in the Quéenes Colledge and elswhere they refused not There M. Iohn Stokes oratour of the Vniuersitie welcomed them with an oration whereto the B. of Chichester answered with thankefull acceptation of the curtesie of the vniuersitie and so declared the cause of their commission From thence they were brought to the kinges Colledge where was songe a masse of the holy Ghost From thence they went to the interdicted Church of saint Maries wher Pecocke preached against heresie and heretickes naming Bylney Cranmer Latimer Rydley c. That being ended they procéeded to their visitation which Robert Brassey maister of kings Colledge a worthy aged man woulde not admit in his colledge Kings colledge refuseth the inquisitors because the visitation of his house was wholly reserued to the B. of Lincolne Which exception they tooke all in great displeasure The 12. of Ianuary they resorted to kings colledge for that Colledge time out of mind had béen counted neuer to be without an heretike or twaine The M. of that Colledge maister Brassey K. colledge neuer without an heretike Robert Brassey a good old man maister of K. Colledge maketh his exception againe to their visitaon but it would not serue In that Colledge some there were that refused to take their oath because they had giuen it to their Colledge before and also would not be brought thereby to accuse themselues yet at the length with much a doe they were contented to be sworne Thrée daies long lasted the Inquisition There after this it was aduised that the Vniuersitie should themselues first decrée against Bucer and Phagius and after make Supplication to the Commissioners for the confirming of this decrée So the Vniuersitie authorised their Vicechancellour to be the common factor for the Vniuersitie Which Supplication being put vp to the Commissioners the xiij day was of them graunted and afterwarde confirmed by the whole consent of the Vniuersitie and signed with the common seale the fourtéenth day by the Vice-Chaunceller by Doctor Yong Doctor Haruey Swineborne Marpetide c. After they had all dyned together at master Bacons maister of Gonwell hall by and by they carried it to the Commissioners to their Lodging Their condemnation being openly read then was it desired to send out processe to cite Bucer and Phagius to appeare or any other that would take vpon thē to plead their cause against the next mūday So the next day processe went out to cite the offenders But when neither of the parties accused would appeare at the time appointed although they might at the first haue condemned them yet a second processe was published and sentence deferred till the 26. of the same moneth On which day the Maior was also warned with his bretheren to bée present to behold what should bée determined When they had taken their places there was exhibited to the commissioners the processe that was lastly published to cite them This being done the B. of Chester maketh a spéech reciteth the sentence out of a scroll and condemned Bucer Phagius Bucer and Phagius digged out of their graues of heresie After sentence thus read he commaunded their bodies to be digged out of their graues first to be disgraded from holy orders he deliuered them to the secular power All this being ended they dispatch a purseuante to aduertise the Cardinall what they had done and required the writ de comburendo And while he went on his message they willed all suspected bookes to be brought for to be burned with the corps of Bucer and Phagius The purseuante being returned with the writ vpon the receipte thereof they appointed the 6 day of Februarie for the accomplishment of the matter So the Vicechanceller on that day taking with him Marshall the common notarie went first to saint Michaels church where Phagius was buried there he calleth foorth Andrew Smith Henry Sawyer and Henry Adams men of the same parrish and bound them with an oth to digge vp Phagius bones and to bring them to the place of execution Marshall tooke their othes receyuing the like of Roger Smith and William Hasell the towne Sergeants and of Iohn Capper warden of the same Church for doing the like with Bucer Their cofins being taken vp they were lincked with a chaine to a post on the market
eadem Emilianus eadem The martir comforted ead Arethusians 65 Marcus Arethusus ead The tēple of Venus destroyed eadem The persecution of the primitiue Church endeth eadem A moneth for a Saboth of yeres ead Sathan bounde vp til Wickliffe 66 Constantine borne in England eadem Helena daughter of K. Coilus eadem Constantines mother ead Constantine a father of the Church eadem Nicene councell eadem Constātine teacheth his soldiers a praier eadem Appeale graunted by Constantine 67 Prouision for learning ead The scriptures writtē for the vse of the church eadem Constantine baptised a little before his death eadem The rest of this history concerneth chiefly England Scotland 68 Englād receiued the gospell in Tyberius time eadem Easter kept in England after the maner of the East church eadem The gospell came into England from the East not from Rome eadem K. Lucius the first Christian K. of England eadem Fugatius Damianus ead Eleutherius 69 Almost all Christianitie destroied in England ead Guetelinus Archbishop of London eadem 271. of the nobilitie of Engl. slaine by the Saxons ead The first persecutiō in England by Dioclesian 70 The second by Gnauius and Melga eadem Vrsula eadem 11000. virgins eadem The third by Hengist ead Aurelius Ambrosius restoreth the churches eadem Gurmundus eadem Ethelbert eadem Gospel receiued of the Englishmen eadem Austen sent into Englād by Gregory B. of Rome ead I le of Tenet eadem Berda Lebardus 71 Godly conuersation miracles eadem None compelled to beleeue the abbey of S. Peter S. Paule in Canterbury ead Questions resolued from Rome 72 Bishops liuings how to bee bestowed eadem Clarkes may marry ead Diuerse ceremonies ead Degrees for marriage ead A pall from Rome 73 Mellitus eadem Austens oake eadem Brittaines Scots refuse the Easter of Rome 74 Abbey of Bangor eadem Austens pride offendeth the Britains eadem 1100. Monkes of Bangor slaine eadem Dinoe eadem Laurentius eadem Gregory dieth eadem Austen dieth eadem Strife about Primacy 75 Patriarke of Alexādria wold be vniuersall eadem The title of Seruus seruorum Dei ead Sabinianus first vniuersal bishop eadem Phocas giueth first title of vniuersall bishop eadem Ethelbert dieth eadem A vision 76 Edwine baptized eadem Paulinus the first archbishop of Yorke 77 Oswald a notable K. ead Kinigilsus conuerted Bernius 78 The sea of Winchester ead Weda conuerted ead Wolferus conuerted ead Sigbert baptized 79 Finanus eadem The questiōs of Easter ead Hilda eadem Cedda eadem A rude reason of the K. 80 The bones of Aidanus ead Southsex conuerted ead Great famine 81 The art of fishing taught eadem Wilfride restored eadem Wilfride expulsed again ead Mahomet beginneth ead Turkes conquered the Saracens 82 Theodorus eadem Latine seruice and Masse first brought into Engl. ead The archbishop plaieth Rex eadem A prouincial Synod at Thetford eadem The sixt generall councell at Constance eadem Marriage forbidden ead The first Latine masse at Cōstantinople eadem King Iua made a monke after an abbot 83 Aldelmus eadem Iohn of Beuerley eadem The right obseruing of Easter now first receiued of Picts Brittaines ead Shauen crownes eadem The K. thāketh God for the priests shauen crownes 84 The deuise of Ethelburga the Queen eadem The Queene becommeth an Abbesse eadem Peter-pence eadem Celulfus a learned king eadem Diuers learned men flourish eadem Bedaes Anglorum historia eadem Beda 85 Beda translated the Gospell of Iohn into English ead The king made a monke eadem A noble library in Yorke by a bishop eadem The lords prayer and Creed in the English tongue 86 Cuthbert 87 Pope Boniface an Englishman ead Boniface a great mainteyner of Nunnes eadem Religious fathers permitted to carry Nunnes about with them a preaching ea Libda and Tecla eadem Childerike deposed by the pope eadem Detestable doctrine of Boniface 88 Great maisteries wrought against the Emperours by popes eadem Philippicus the Emperour lost both his eyes and the empyre eadem The clause for reliques memoriall offerings and offeringes for the dead eadem The priests vesture eadem Constantinus the first gaue his feete to bee kissed of the Emperour eadem Lambrith to Lichfield 89 The king giueth the tenth of his goodes to the church eadem Romescot or peter-pēce ea The donation of Pipine the traytour and murtherer 90 Inuention of Organes eadē Pope deposed and his eyes put out ead Pope striueth for images eadem Images Lay mens kalender eadem Cost vpon images eadem Strife for Gregories masse 91 A miracle falsely interpreted eadem The empire translated to the French eadem A. B. C. Monasteries ead Irene the Greeke Empresse a mainteiner of Images 92 The cruelty of Irene ead The Emperours eyes pulled out by his mother ead Monasteries erected and founded in England eadem Common schooles at Cambridge 93 The first Nunne in North ūberland ead King Edgar builded 40. abbeyes 94 The church freed from tributes 95 Diuers faxon kings become monks ead Queenes became Nuns ead Vnder the Britains the Metropolitan sea at London 96 Cuthbert forbiddeth funenerals to be made for him ead 34. popes in the time of 17. archbishops ead The lande brought into one monarchy and called Anglia ead A Bishop made king of England ead Lands giuē to the church ea Peterpence throughout all England 97 Generall councels called by Emperour ead Against excesse of apparell in the cleargy 98 Against the dicing and whoring of the popes cleargy eadem Siluer and golde not to bee worne in shooes ead Feast of al saints first erected ead Alteration of popes names ead Swines snoute ead Gilberta a woman pope ead The pope trauaileth with childe ead Dirge for the dead 99 Popes decrees equall with the apostles writings ead A prelate called God eadem Polonians Sclauonians exempt from latine seruice eadem Against priestes marriages eadem Huldrich of Auspurgh ead The Emperour beginneth to decay the pope to swell eadem King Edmund slaine by the Danes 100 Alfred first taketh vnction from the pope ead K. of danes christened 101 Alfrede a notable king ead Time notablie spent by the king eadem Grantchester founded by Beda 102 Paris began frō Grātchester eadem Alfred very learned eadem The psalter trāslated by Alfred 103 The K. carefull to furnish the land with knowledge ead Neotus ead Iohannes Scotus ead Scotus booke de Corpore condemned eadem Sco. slain by his scholers 104 Dauids psalms alwaies with the king eadem 9. popes in 9. yeres ead P. Steuen rageth against the body of Formosus 105 Barbarous crueltie against Formosus eadem Cādles on cādlemas day 106 A pope set vp by Theodora a famous harlot ea Pope smothered ead Pope poisoned ead Mōks called Cluniacēses ea The K. authoritie sufficient in electing of bishops 107 The kinges daughter set to spinning ead The K. sonnes first Philosophers then gouernors ea Empire translated frō Frāce to Germanie ead Attaching of theeues 108
Pope for Thurstine eadem The Gray Friers eadem Priestes pay to the king for their wiues eadem Dane gelt released by the king 157 Honorius 2. eadem Arnulphus eadem Opus tripartitum eadem Abuses of the church preached against eadem Knights of the Rhodes and Templars eadem Honorius ead Contentiō betwixt the popes 158 Strike a priest eadem Archbishop poisoned in his chalice ead Petrus Lombardus 159 Petrus Comester ead Hildegard the Nunne and prophetesse ead Gilbertines eadem Priests no rulers in worldly matters eadem Booke bel candle eadem Lucius eadem Eugenius 160 Anastasius eadem Adrianus an English man pope ead Hildegard prophecieth against the kingdome of the pope eadem Iustice stourisheth when the pope is ouerthrown ead Thomas Becket 161 Gerhard against the church of Rome eadem The pope Antichrist eadem Whore of Babylon ead Execution by the pope ead The Emperour holdeth the popes stirrop on the wrōg side 162 Popes legates forbidden in Germany eadem The Germanes excuse the Emperor ead The pope choked with a flie 163 The order of the hermits ea Alexander 3. pope ead The Emp. fayn to seek peace with the pope eadem The pope set his foot on the Emperors neck ead Against marriage of priestes ead Variance betwixt the king and Becket 164 Executed for a traytor that brought curse frō Ro. ead Peter pence denied ead Saluo ordine suo eadem Becket relenteth to the king eadem Becket stout to the K. ead The K. should be the popes legate 165 Robbers felōs murtherers among the clergy ead Becket flieth and turneth his name to Derman ead Becket in exile 7. yeeres 166 Beckets kynred banished eadem The K. feareth Becket ead Because the pope had condemned them 167 The K. yeldeth to Becket ea 4. armed mē kill Becket ead The murtherers do penāce eadem Whether Becket were saued or damned eadem 270. miracles done by Becket eadem A blasphemous anthem 169 None shold hold Beck a martyr or preach his miracles ea The kings penance eadem Sharpe penance eadem Canterbury burnt eadem Contention betwixt York Canterbury eadem No bishoprick to remain lōger then one yeere in the kings hand 170 Contention betweene the Archbishops ead From words to blowes ead No task nor first fruits 171 The king died ead The forme of wordes in giuing the pall eadem Order of the pall eadem The B. oath to the pope ead Becket and Bernard canonized for saints 172 Baldwinus ead Pauperes de Lugduno ead Waldenses ead Franciscus Dominicus 173 Waldus ead The doctrine of Waldenses ead The zeale of the Waldenses 174 Testament by heart ead Marks of the crosse to fight for the holy land 175 Nunnes incontinent life ead K. Lewes of France maketh pilgrimage to Becket ead Albingenses ead Monks of the Charterhouse ead Pope Clement 176 Iewes destroyed ead A bishops Chancellor ead A Bishop chiefe Iustice of England eadem The iourney for the Holy land eadem The forme of the oath to the holy land eadem The French breaketh his oth 177 Achon wonne by the Christians 178 Saladine put to flight 179 Bishop Williā ruffleth in the kings absence eadem 1500. horse the Bishoppes trayne eadem Clement dieth eadem Pope Celestine eadem P. setteth the crowne on the Emp. head with his feet dasheth it of againe 180 The Archbishop rudely hādled eadem Rufling Wil. deposed 181 William is taken disguised like a woman eadem William goeth ouer sea ead The king taketh truce with the Saracenes eadem The king taken at his return from the Saracens sold to the Emperour 182 Chalices crosses and shrines sold to redeem the K. ead Chalices of latin tin ead Fulco ead The kinges three daughters bestowed eadem King Richard slaine eadem King Iohn 183 The K. threatneth the pope eadem The king interdicted 184 The king against the cleargy eadem Pandulph and Durance Legates ead Subiects assoiled of their oth of obedience eadem The king cursed by the pope eadem The Pope giueth England to the french king 185 The king submitteth to the Pope eadem England Irelande farmed of the Pope eadem The K. resigneth his crowne to the popes legate ead The Duke of Millan 186 Strange decrees of the Pope eadem Transubstantiation ead Pope dieth eadem Honorius eadem King Iohn poisoned ead The prophecie of Caiaphas eadem The monke dieth 187 King Iohn dieth ead Mayor in London eadem Americus against Images 188 Priuate tithes eadem Receiuing at Easter eadem Bell and Candle before the Sacrament ead The masse receiued as from the Pope ead P. stirreth vp diffention in the world eadem Correction of princes belōgeth to the pope ead 100. Alsatians burned in one day by the P. ead Rablement of religious order in the P. church 189 Dominikes 191 Friers Minorites eadem The perfection of the gospel eadem Many sortes of Franciscans eadem Crooched friers 192 Beck shrined after his death eadem Incredible exactions from Rome eadem The Popes requeste in England 193 Gifts to the P. Legat ead Contention betwixt Canter York for dignitie ead The strife ended ead 300. Romans to be placed in benefices in England 194 The P. desireth to be strōg to suppresse the Emperor ead A councel at Lions ead New exactions in Englande eadem No taxe of mony out of England to Rome 195 The K. relēteth to the P. ead The 3. part of church goods yerely fruit of vacāt benefices to the pope eadem 60000. florens in one yere to Rome besides c. eadem The Albingenses assayled by the Pope eadem Frier minorits in Eng. ead Ioh. de S. Egidio eadem Alexander de Hales eadem Carthusians 196 Minster at Salisburie ead Contention about spirituall iurisdiction ead Westminster exempt from the B. of London ead Wardship initiū malorū ead Honorius the Emp. enemie dieth eadē Popes vnreasonable request denied in France 197 War against the good earle of Tholouse eadem The Earle of Tholous excōmunicated eadem The French K. dieth eadem Auinion ouerrun by treason of the P. Legat 198 P. chased out of Rome ead Cōtentiō for superiority ead Chapt. of the bible distincte by Steuen Lancthō 199 Tenths of al the goods of Enland and Scotland to be giuen to the pope ead Prelates driuen to sell their chalices copes 200 Vsurers brought into England by the P. Legate ead Next yeeres corne tithes to the P. ead Earle of Tholouse assayled againe ead Bishops set on checker matters exercised Sessions and iudgements 201 P. neglecteth the K. satisfieth the Archb. ead Randulph Neuel ead A good bishop ead Hubert L. chiefe Iustice 202 Italians spoyled ead William Withers 203 L. Hubert destitute on euerie side 204 Londoners hate Hub. ead Hubert brought to the Tower 205 Hub. sent back again 206 Lucas archb of Dublin true frend to L. Hubert ead Hard choise offered to Hub. ead The K. somewhat appeased toward Hub. 207 Hub. somewhat cheered ead Craft of a bishop ead Great reuerence of
Epistle of Casse to the church of England eadem The pope still reigneth his exactions 246 Pope Eugenius eadem Articles against the spiritualtie eadem Knowledge of ciuil causes belōgeth not to the clergy 247 Reformatiō to be done ead The king dieth 248 Crouched Friers ead Knights of the Rhodes ead Templars burnt at Paris ead The Templars put down vniuersally eadem The pope selleth the Tēplars lands eadem Cistercian monks exempt ea The pope couseneth the Frāciscane Friers 249 The Venetians cursed of the pope eadem A monstrous tyranny ead Walter Reinald 250 Clement 5. dieth ead Papacy voyd 2. yeeres ead Pope maketh profite of the variance of princes ead 8. pence in euery marke ead Michael house founded in Cambridge eadē Nicholaus de lyra ead Guilielmus 251 Occham ead Adam eadem Simon M. eadem Clement 252 A great heresie ead Ludouicus ead Bauarus Emperor eadem Contentiō betwixt the pope Emp. 24. yeeres eadem pope hath ful power to creat and depose Emperors at his pleasure ead Marsilius Patauinus ead Defensor pacis eadē Pope Nicholas 253 Benedict 12 eadem Emperor depriued ead Variance betwixt the pope French king ead The Emp. must resigne all to the pope eadem The feends hant the pope ea Black curses against the Emperor ead Archb. of Mētz depriued ea Warre with the king of England eadem The Emperour giueth ouer to the pope eadem The Emp. poisoned eadem Gunterus de monte nigro chosen Emperour eadem Charles chosen Emp. 255 The Iubile euery 50. yeere From Auinion to Rome ea 50000. pilgrims eadem The forme of the bull of Iubile eadem The pope commandeth the Angels eadem Against prouisions from Rome 256 Tenths to the king ead Orial colledge and S. Marie hall eadem The abbey of Bury spoyled by the townes men eadem The towne of Bury fyned at 120000. pound eadem The abbot of Cheuingtō ea King Edward the 3. 257 Charter from the king to the cleargy eadem Gregorius Ariminensis ead Taulerus eadem Franciscus Petrarcha ead Iohan. de rupe Scisca eadem Rome the whore of Babylō ea Vade mecum in tribulatione ead Conradus Hayer 258 Gerardus Rydder ead Lachrimae Ecclesiae ead Michael Cesenas ead Petrus de Carbona ead Iohannes de Poliaco ead Rome drunk with the blood of saints ead Iohannes de Castilion ead Francisc de Alcatara ead Simon Islip ead Cāterb college in Oxford 259 New colledge in Oxford ead Pope Innocent the 6. ead Rome the whore of Babylō ea Strife betweene French prelats and Friers eadem Towns-mē of Oxford spoile the scholers 260 Idle holy dayes 262 A priests wages 263 S. Bridgets Nunnes 261 Q. colledge in Oxford ead Holy speare holy nayles ead The order of the bishops of Canterbury eadem A prophecy eadem Haynchardus eadem A prophecy of antichrist 264 Complaint of the plowmen against the cleargy eadem Church of Rome a byrde decked with other byrdes feathers ead Armanach archb of Irelād ea Richard Fitzrafe eadem Iohn Badenthorp ead 9 cōclusiōs against friers ea A long controuersie among the friers 265 Fauourers of friers ead Defensorium curatotiū ead Armanachus a mighty piller of Gods church ead How Rome came by her patrimonie eadem Nicholaus Orem 266 Iesuits begin eadem Offices remoued frō the clergie to the laitie eadem The P. remoueth frō France to Rome eadem Melitzing a Bohemian ead Reseruations of benefices in England no more for the Popes vse 267 Premunire to make appeal to Rome for any cause 268 Holy Briget a great rebuker of the popish clergie ead The x. commandemēts turned into two wordes Dapecuniam eadem M. Paris of Antichrist ead Ioh. Montziger ead Nilus archb of Thessal ead Henricus de Iota 269 Henricus de Hassia ead The deuils belly ful of the P. voluptuousnes eadem 36. burned for the truth ead 140. suffered for refusing the Decretals eadem 24. suffer at Paris ead The act of prouision 270 An acte to continue for euer ead Decrees against oppressiō of the pope ea In Wickliffs time the worlde in worst case 271 Wickliffe against Images ea Iohn of Gaunt L. Percy fauorers of Wickliffe ead The opinions of Wic ead Wic brought before the bishops 272 Wic bid sit down 273 Frō brauling to threats ead A proud B. wounded ea K. Edw. the greatest brideler of the P. dieth ead Wickl goeth barefoot preaching ea Articles out of Wick preaching ead Wic articles cōdemned for heretical 274 Popes bul against Wic ead P. diligence against W. ea 18. heretical opiniōs against Wick 275 W. escapeth the 2. time 276 W. greatly supported by Lōdoners ead pope Gregorie dieth ead A schisme betwixt 2. Popes 39. yeres ea Popes and antipopes ead Clement ead Benedictus 3 ead Boniface 9 ead Innocentius 8 ead Gregorie 12 ead Crueltie among the clergie during the schisme 277 S. Sudburie beheaded of the rude people ead Vicechancellor of Oxford enemie to Wickliffe ead Wic mitigateth his enemies 278 Wickliffes articles condemned ead Tenths are pure almes 279 A terrible earthquake ead Fauourers of Wick appointed to preach 280 Stokes an enemie to Wick 281 D. of Lancastar forsooke the schollers of Wick ead Repington Ashton reconciled ead Repington abiureth ead Lōdiners fauor the truth 282 VVick banished ead Schisme cause of W. quiet ea A cruel bishop 283 Wic parson at Lutterworth ead Wickliffs constancie ead Wick bookes burned ead VVic fauorers 284 Londoners take on them the bishops office ead Bones of wick burned after his death ead I. Husse W. Swinderby 285 Articles against Swinderbie 286 Henry 4. first persecuting K. in England 287 Articles against Brute ead Temporalties takē from the Clergie 288 A turncote persecutor 289 Lucifer to the clergie ead Feendes glad at the want of preaching ead Deuil teacheth what should be preached ead Abiurers 290 VVel affected about Leicest ead R. Dexter N. Tayler ead Leicester interdicted ead Matild an anchores of Wic doctrine 291 Margaret Cailie a Nun forsaketh her order ead Penance ead Peter Pateshul ead Londoners zealous 292 The kings wife hath the gospel in English ead Thomas Arundel ead Articles in behalfe of the gospell eadem Multitude of artes not necessary 293 Rithme agaynst the popish priests eadem Fauourers of the gospel ea Pope Boniface the 9. ead The king writeth a christian admonition to the P. 294 Parlements holden against the pope eadem Thomas Arundell proued a traytor 295 The king deposed 296 William Sawtree eadem Obiections against William Sawtree eadem Relapse 297 The māner of disgrading ea The surples of a sexten 298 The time of Henry 4. ead Thomas Badby martir 299 Crocodiles teares ead The statute ex officio 300 Many shrinke from the truth eadem Articles eadem William Thorpe ead Transubstantiatiō inuented by Thomas Aquinas 301 Against swearing on a boke eadem A constant confessor of the truth eadem Iohn Puruey the library of Lollards 302 Articles recanted ead The popes curse the blast of Lucifer eadem