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A36231 Judge Dodaridge, his law of nobility and peerage wherein the antiquities, titles, degrees, and distinctions, concerning the peeres and nobility of this nation, are excellently set forth : with the knights, esquires, gentleman, and yeoman, and matters incident to them, according to the lawes and customes of England.; Magazine of honour Bird, William, 17th cent.; Doddridge, John, Sir, 1555-1628. 1658 (1658) Wing D1794; ESTC R11125 103,063 198

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person with us Wherefore by the Councell and consent of the Prelats Dukes Earls Viscounts and Barons of our Kingdom being in our present Parliament we have made and created and by these presents make and create him the said Edward Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester and to the same Edward we give and grant and by this Charter have confirmed the Name Stile Title State Dignity and the honour of the said Principality that he may therein in governing rule and in ruling direct and defend We by a Garland upon his head by a Ring of Gold upon his Finger and a Virge of Gold have according to the manner invested him to have and to hold to him and to his Heirs the Kings of England for ever Wherefore we will and straightly command for us and our Heirs that Edward our Sonne aforesaid shall have the Name Stile Title State Dignity and honour of the Principality of Wales and of the County of Chester aforesaid unto him and his Heirs the Kings of England aforesaid for ever These being witnesses the Reverend Father John Cardinall and Archbishop of Canterbury Primate of all England our Chancellor and William Archbishop of York Primate of England Thomas Bishop of London John Bishop of Lincolne and William Bishop of Norwich our most welbeloved Cousins Richard Duke of York Humphry Duke of Buckingham our welbeloved Cousin Richard Earl of Warwick Richard Earl of Salisbury John Earl of Wiltshire and our welbeloved and faithfull Cousins Ralph Cromwell Chamberlain of our House William Falconbridge and John Sturton Knights Dated at Our Palace at Westminster the fifteenth day of March and in the yeer of Our Raign thirty two And here by the way may be observed that in ancient time and in the time of the English Saxon Kings the use was as well in penning the Acts of Parliament as of the Kings Letters Patents when any lands franchises or hereditaments did passe from the King of any estate of inheritance as also in their creations of any Man unto honour and dignity the conclusion was with the signe of the Crosse in forme aforesaid that is his Testibus c. But long time that forme hath been discontinued so that at this day and for many yeares past all the Kings Patents for lands franchizes and hereditaments doe conclude with teste me ipso neverthelesse in all creations of honour and dignity by Letters Patents the ancient forme of concluding with his testibus is used at this day Cookes 8. part 19. And it hath been resolved by the Judges that all Acts of Parliament and Statutes whien doe concerne the Prince who is the first begotten son of the King and heire apparant to the Crowne for the time being Perpetuis futuris temporibus in all succession of ages and times be such Acts whereof the Judges and all the Realme must take conusance as of generall Statutes for every subject hath interest in the King and none of his subjects who is within his Lawes be divided from him being his head and Soveraigne so that the businesse and things of the King doth touch all the Realme and namely when it doth concerne the Prince the first begotten sonne of the King and Heire apparant to the Crowne Corruscat enim Princeps radiis Regis Patris sui censetur una persona cum ipso For the Prince shineth with the beames of the King his Father and is holden to be one person with him Cookes 8. part 28. Although the Prince by expresse words hath no priviledge by the great Charter of the Forrest 9 H. 3. cap. 11. for hunting in the Kings Forrests or Parks passing by them and sent for by the Kings commandment yet by construction the Prince is to take benefit and advantage thereby as well as Bishops Earls or Barons who are expressed Crompt Courts des Justices de Forrests 167. In the Parliament 31 H. 8. c. 10. an Act concerning the placing of the Kings children and Lords in the Parliament and other assemblies were amongst other things made as followeth First it is enacted by the authority aforesaid that no person or persons of what degree estate or condition whatsoever he or they be except only the Kings children shall at any time hereafter attempt or presume to sit or have place at any side of the cloth of state in the Parliament chamber neither of the one hand of the Kings Highnesse or of the other whether the Kings Majesty be there personally present or not The Prince shall not find pledges for the prosecution of any Action and therefore shall be amerced more then the King should be or the Queen his wife Vide Cooks 8. part 61. b. Of the most noble and excellent Prince that now is it is truly said that he is omni nomine numine magnus by destiny name providence of God the greatest before Cook to the Reader before his 8. Book the last leaf Neverthelesse as he is a distinct person by nature from the King so is he distinct by the Law viz. a Subject and holdeth his principalities and seigniories of the King neither shall he have all those Prerogatives which the King shal have for example when the King seizeth his Subjects lands or taketh away his goods from him having no title by order of the Law so to do In this case the Subject is to sue to his Soveraign Lord by way of Petition onely for other remedy hath he not but suit by Petition can be to none other then to the King for no such suit shall be made to the Prince but Actions as the case requireth as against a Subject Stamf. praerog ca. 22. And in token of subjection the Prince doth not upon his Posie of his Arms disdain the old Saxon word Ich dien I serve as Lambert doth mention in his Book of Perambulation of Rent 364. And there is a case that Gascoin chief Justice of Engl in the time of H. 4. did commit the Prince who would have taken a prisoner from the Bar in the Kings Bench and the Prince did humbly obey and did go at his command in which the King did greatly rejoyce that hee had such a Judge who durst minister justice upon his son and also that hee had a son so gracious as to obey Court de Banco Regis 79. Crompton A question was moved to the Justices in the first yeer of H. 7. what order should be in that present parliament for the anulling and making void certain attainders for so much as divers who were returned of that Parliamēt did stand attainted of treason and all the Justices resolved That so many of the Knights of the shires or Citizens or Burgesses as stood then attainted of treason should depart out of the Parliament house at the reversall of the Act of Parliament for their attainders But as soon as the Act of Parliament was reversed and annuld that they and every of them that is to say Lords and Commons should come into their places and
then may proceed upon any thing there moved lawfully as lawfull persons for it is not convenient that they who are attainted should be in places of lawfull Judges And then another question was moved What shall be said of the King himself for he also was attainted by his Predecessour Rich. 3. and after communication had amongst themselves all did agree that the King was a person able and discharged of any former attainder ipso facto That he took upon him to raign and to be King by which it manifestly appeareth that by the Laws of England there can be no inter regnum within the same that presently by descent the next heir in blood is cōpleatly and absolutely King without any essentiall Ceremony or act to be done ex post facto And that Coronation is but a royall ornament and outward solemnization of the descent and of this last matter Read Cooks 7 part fol. 10.6 and that there followeth Of Dukes THe form of the Patent of Duke of York that now is Rex c. To all Archbishops Bishops Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Barons Justices Governours Knights Ministers And to all Bailiffs and faithfull Subjects greeting Whereas We often times call to minde how many and innumerable gifts and what excellent benefits that great worker of all goodnesse of his only benignity and clemencie hath abundantly bestowed upon Us who by his power hath consociated divers and mighty Lyons in firm peace without any strife but also hath amplified and exalted the bounds and limits of our Government by his unspeakable providence above our progenitors with an indissolvible conjunction of the ancient and famous Kingdoms in the right of blood under our Imperiall Diadem in regard whereof we cannot but most willingly acknowledge our fruitfulnesse and issue plentifully adorned with the gift of Nature which he hath vouchsafed upon us because in truth in the succession of children a mortall man is made as it were immortall Neither unto any mortall men at leastwise unto Princes not acknowledging superiours can any thing happen in worldly cases more pleasant and acceptable then that their children should become notable in all vertues gooodnesse manners and increase of dignity so as they which excell others in noblenesse of bloud and indowments of Nature might not be thought of others to be exceeded Hence it is that that great goodnesse of God which is shewed unto us in our fertility to passe in silence or to be thought not to satisfie the Law of Nature whereby we are chiefly provoked to be well affected and liberall to those in whom we behold our blood to begin to florish coveting with great and fatherly affection that the perpetuall memory of our blood with honours and increase of dignity and all praise may be affected Our well-beloved Son Charls Duke of Albany Marquesse of Ormond Count of Rosse and Lord of Ardmannoth Our s●cond begotten son in whom the Royall form and beauty worthy honour and other gifts of vertue do now in the best hopes shine in his tender graces We erect create make and ordain and to him the name stile state title dignity authority and honour of the Duke of York do give and him of that Name with the title state stile honour authority and dignity with other honors to the same belonging and annexed by the girding of the sword cap circlet of gold put upon his head and the delivery of a golden Virge we do really invest to have and to hold the same name and stile state and dignity authority and honour of the Duke of York unto the aforesaid Charles our second begotten son and to his heirs males of his body lawfully begotten for ever And that the aforesaid Charles our second begotten son according to the decencie and state of the said name of Duke of York may more honorably carry himself we have given and granted and by this our present Charter we confirm for us and our heirs unto the aforesaid Duke forty pounds to have and yeerly to receive to the foresaid Duke and his heirs for ever out of the Farms issues profits and other commodities whatsoever comming out of the foresaid County of York by the hands of the Sheriffe of the same County for the time being at the Terms of Easter and Michael the Arch-angel by even portions for that expresse mention of other gifts and grants by us unto the same Duke before time made in these presents made doth not appear notwithstanding These be witnesses the most excellent and most beloved Henry Prince our first begotten son Vlrick Duke of Holst brother of the queen our beloved wife and the Reverend Father in Christ Richard Archbishop of Canterbury Primate and Metropolitan of all England and also our welbeloved and faithfull Councellour the Lord Elesmore and Chancellour of England Thomas Earl of Suffolk Chamberlain of our houshold and also our dear cousin Thomas-Earl of Arundel and our well-beloved cousin and Councellour Henry Earl of Northumberland Edward Earl of Worcester Master of our horse George Earl of Cumberland and also our well-beloved cousin Henry Earl of Southampton William Earl of Pembroke and also our well-beloved cousins Charles Earl of Devon Master of our Ordinance Henry Earl of Northampton Warden of the Cinque-Ports John Earl of Marr Robert Viscount Eranborne our principall Secretary and our well-beloved and faithfull Councellour Edward Lord Zuch President of our Councell in the Principality and Marches of Wales and also ou● wel-beloved and trusty Robert Lord Willoughby of Earsby William Lord Mounteagle Gray Lord Chandois William Lord Compton Francis Lord Norris Robert Lord Sidney our well-beloved and faithfull Councellours William Lord Knowles Treasurer of our houshold Edward Lord Wotton Comptroller of out houshold and our well-beloved and faithfull Councellour Alexander Lord and also our wel-beloved and faithfull Councellors George Dunbarr Lord of Barwick Chancellour of our Exchequer Edward Lord Bruse of Kinlose Master of the Rolls of our Chancery and also our faithfull and well-beloved Thomas Lord Eskine of Bielton Lord Balmermoth and others given by our hand at our Pallace of Westminster the sixth day of January in the second yeer of the Raign of K. James K. Edw. 3. in the 11 year of his Raign by his Charter in Parliament and by authority of Parliament did create Edw. his eldest son the Black-Prince D. of Cornwall not onely in title but cum feodo with the Dutchy of Cornwall as by the tenour of the said Letters Patents exemplified may appear Cooks 8 part in the pleading Habend ' et tenend ' eidem duci et ipsius et heraed ' suorum Regum Angliae siliis primogenitis et dicti loci ducibus in Regno Augliae hereditatoria successoris To have and to bold to the same Duke and his heirs Kings of England the first begotten sons and Dukes of the same place in the kingdom of England and to hereditary succession so that he that is hereditable must be heir apparant of the King of England
female shall enioy the dignitie in the right of his wife or no wherein wee are to rest upon a resolution had and given in this speciall question which was in this manner In the time of Hen. 8. when Mr. Winbie tooke upon him the stile of Lord Talboys in the right of his wife having none issue by her the said King assisted both by Civill and Temporall Lawyers gave sentence that no husband of Baronesse in her right should use the stile and dignitie untill he had by her a Child whereby he should become Tenant by the courtesie unto her inheritance The speciall reasons that occasioned this sentence were two First it should be inconvenient for her husband this day to bee a Baron and Peere of the Realme and to morrow by the death of his wife so become none and that without the death of the partie Secondly if he had issue by his wife and were in●●taled to be Tenant by the curtesie of England of the wives land if he shall not also beare the stile and dignity of her Barony then should his sonne after the death of his mother dying in the life time of his father be Baron and Lord without land for so the Father should have the land as Tenant by the curtesie and the sonne the Lordship without Land And thus much said concerning the nature quality and estate of a Baron by writ and for resolution of the severall points and Articles of the question proposed may suffice Barons by Batent which is the third kind of Barons mentioned in the former division of Barons THere is also a fourth meanes of creation by act of Parliament but the first a mentiond and this by Patent are most for the honour of the King for thereby the donation doth proceed from his highnes onely as from the fountaine of all honour and dignity but when the creation is by Parliament every one may bee said donator Cookes 8. part 19. A Baron by creation by reason of Letters Parents is that Noble person whom the Kings Ma●esty or any of his progenitors Kings of the Realm have created Barons by such their Letters Patents But this manner of creating Barons by Patent began in the Raign of R. 2. who created first Iohn Beauchamp of Holt Baron of Kidderminster by his Letters Patents 8. October anno 11. But Mils saith in 30. H. 6. this was brought in This kind of dignity of Baron shall bee of such countenance in discent or otherwise as shall bee limited in the Habendi in such Letters Patents contained for it may be but for the life of him to whom it is gi●en or for te●●e de anter vie of some other mans life as some hold opinion in 9. H. 6.29 for Cuius est dare ei●●est disponere it may be in speciall a genetall taile and this kind of estate tayle was usuall before the Statute made 13. E. 1. by which estate taile in Lands and Tenements was created as appeareth by the Patent whereby Hubert de Burgo was made Earle of Kent in the time of H. 3. by these words Habend ' sibi hered ' suis decorpore Margaretae uxoris suae s●roris Alexandri Regis Scotiae procreatis pro defectu talis exitus remanere rectis heredibus dicti Huberti and that estates in taile are at this day titles of honour by the Statute of Westm 2. vide Nevils case Cooks 7. part 33. For the better explanation of this kind of dignity the resolution also of certaine questions shall be very requisite Question If a Nobleman and his Progenitors have for a long time been called to the Parliament and be a Baron either by tenure or writ have had in regard thereof a place cortaine in Parliament if afterwards the same Nobleman should be created a Baron of that Barony and by the same name by Letters Patents whether shall hee and his heires retaine his old place in Parliament which hee had according to the former dignity or whether shall be lose his old place and take a new place according to the time of his creation onely Answer The case of the Lord Delaware received a resolution somewhat answerable to this question Cook 11. ●art the Lord de ●a wares case Tho. Lord Delaware 3. E. 6. being in some displeasure with William West his Nephew and heire who was Father to the now Lord De la ware procured ●n Act of Parliament by the which the said Will West was during his naturall life only clearly disabled to clayme demand or have any manner of right title or interest by discent revenue or otherwise in or to the mannor lands tenements or hereditaments title and dignity of Thomas Lord De la ware his Vnkle After the said Thomas De la ware dyed and the said VVilliam West was in the time of the late Queene Elizabeth restored and afterwards in the 8. yeare of her Raigne was created Lord De la ware by Patent and had place in Parliament according to his creation by Patent for that by the said Act of Parliament in the time of E. 6. hee was excluded to challenge the former ancient Barony and after hee dyed whether the new Lord Delaware should take his place to the ancient Barony by writ or according to his Fathers creation by Patent was the question the opinion of the late Queenes Counsell being Her Majesties Atturney Generall and Sollicitor were that the acceptance of the new creation by the said William West could not distinguish the ancient dignity in him at the time of his creation but ahe dignity was at that time by the Act of Parliament 3. Ed. 6. in obeysance suspence or consideration of Law and he thereby utterly disabled to have the same during his life onely so as other acceptance could not extinguish that dignity which he then had not nor could not conclude his heire who was not disabled by the said act of 3. Ed. 6. to claime the ancient Barony which opinion of theirs was seene and allowed by the resolution of the chiefe Iustice of England and Lord chiefe Baron and so signified unto the Lord Keeper but this is to be noted by the reasons made for the said resolution that if the said William VVest had beene Baron and intituled or in possession of the ancient dignity when hee accepted the said creation the Law perchance might have been otherwise but that remaineth as yet unresolved neverthelesse the rule codem mado quo quid constuitur dissolvitur but by grant which is made a matter in fact a man cannot transferre his ritle of honour Cooke 7. par● And thus much concerning the three degrees of Barons within this Realme may suffice to be said in generall upon this occasion for the better understanding and direction of that which followeth to be handled And in this place I thinke it not impertinent to mention one case which I read in the bookes of the common Law concerning the discent of a title of honour whereof the
Nobiles non torquentur in quibus plebeij torquerentur nobiles non suspenlantur sed decapitantur and so it is almost growne into a Custome in England by the favour of the Prince for rare is it to have a Nobleman executed in other forme yet Thomas Fines Lord Dacres of the South in 33. H. 8. and Lord Sturton 4. Mar. were hanged Brooke Iury 48. Jn the first yeare of the late Queene Eliz cap. 1. in the Acts of Parliament for the uniformity of Common Prayer c. there is contained this proviso and be it enacted and ordained that all the Lords of Parliament for the third offence above mentioned shall bee tryed by their Peeres and not by any Ecclesiasticall Courts reade the Statute at large At the Common Law it was lawfull for any Nobleman or ignoble to retaine as many Chaplaines as hee would for their Instruction in Religion but by a Statute made 21. Hen. 8. cap. 13. A restraint was made and a certaine number onely allowed to the Nobility and such Chaplaines for their attendance have Immunities as by the Statute at large may appeare viz Every Archbishop and Duke may have sixe Chaplaines whereof every one shall or may purchase Lycence or dispensation and take receive and keepe two Personages or Benefices with cure of Soules and that every Marquesse or Earle may have five Chaplaines whereof every one may purchase Lycence or Dispensation and take receive and keepe two Parsonages or Benefices with cure of Soules and that every Viscount and other Bishop may have foure Chaplaines whereof every one may purchase Lycence and receive have and keepe two Parsonages or Benefices with cure of Soules as aforesaid And that the Chancellour of England for the time being and every Baron and Knight of the Garter may have three Chaplaines whereof every one shall now purchase Lycence and Dispensation and receive have and keepe two Benefices with cure of Soules read the Statute at large And forasmuch as retaining of Chaplaines by Lords of great estates is ordinary and neverthelesse some questions in Law have beene concerning the true understanding of the said Statute J thinke it not impertinent to set downe some subsequent resolutions of the Judges touching such matters If a Bishop be translated to an Archbishop or a Baron to be created to an Earle c. yet within this Act they can have but onely so many Chaplaines as an Archbishop or Earle might have for although he have divers dignities yet he is still but one selfe-same person to whom the Attendance and service ●ould be done so if a Baron be made a Knight of the ●arter or Lord Warden of the Cinque-Ports hee ●all have but three Chaplaines in all sic de simi●●us Also if such an Officer allowed by the Statute to ●●ve one two or more Chaplaines doe retaine accor●ingly and after he is removed from his Office in this ●●se he cannot be now non-resident or accept of a se●ond Benefice if his Compliment were not full ●efore his remaining and yet in that case it behoveth ●●e Chaplaine to procure a non obstante otherwise ●e may be punished for his non-residency So if an Earle or Baron doe retaine a Chaplaine ●nd before his advancement his Lord is attainted of Treason as it was in the Case of the Earle of ●estmerland after the said Attainder such a Chap●aine cannot accept a second Benefice for though his Lord be still living according to nature yet after the Attainder he is a dead Person in the Law and therefore out of the case to have Priviledge for himselfe or for his Chaplaines If a Baron have three Chaplaines and every one of them have two Benifices and after the Baron dyeth yet they shall enjoy those benefices with cure which were lawfully setled in them before but in this case though the said Chaplaine be resident upon one of his Benifices yet now he is become unpunishable for being non-resident upon the other for cessante causa ces● effectus the same Law is if a Baron be attainted of tre●son or Fellony or if any Officer be removed from 〈◊〉 Office Et sic de similibus vide Actons Case Cooke 〈◊〉 part Fol. 117. for all those matters A Baron or others of degree of Honour doe retain● such number of Chaplains as are allowed by the Statute and after upon suite and request the said noble perso● doth retaine more Chaplaines In this Case they that are first retayned shall onely have priviledge nam qui prior est tempore potior est Iure● so if a Lord doe at any time retayne more Chaplai●● then are allowed by the Common Law the lawfull number onely shall have priviledge and in this case which of them first promoted shall have priviledge and the rest are excluded for in equali Iure inelior est condi●●● possidentes Jf a Nobleman doe retayne Chaplaines above the number at severall times if any of his first Chaplai●● die the next that was then retayned shall not succeed for his first retayner was void and therefore in thi● Case it doth behove him to have a new retayning after the death of the predecessour and before his advancement nam quod initio non valet in tractu temporis non co●valescit If a noble person retaine such a number of Chaplains as is by the Law allowed him but afterward upon some dislike or other cause doe discharge some of them from their attendance or service the Lord in this case cannot retaine others thereby to give them priviledge during the life of them so retained and discharged and the reason thereof is because the first Chaplaines were lawfully retained and by virtue thereof during their lives might purchase dispensations to have advantage according to the statute and therefore if the discharge of their service and attendance might give a liberty to the Lord to retaine others by such meanes the Lords might advance Chaplains without number by which the statute should be defrauded and the said statute must be construed strictly against non-Residents and Pluralities as a thing prejudiciall to the service of God and the ordinary instruction of the people of God These premises are to be read in Cooks 4 part fol. 90. Druries case By the statute of 3. H. 7. cap. 14. it is enacted as followeth viz. Forasmuch as by quarrels made to such as have been in great authority office and of counsell with the King of this Realme hath ensued the destruction of the King and thereby the undoing of this Realme so that it hath appeared evidently when the compassing of the death of such as were the Kings true subjects was laid the destruction of the Prince was imagined thereby and for the most part it hath growne and been occasioned by envie and malice of the Kings owne houshold servants and for that by the lawes of this land if actuall deeds were not there was no remedy for such false compassing imaginations and confederacies had against any Lord or any of the Kings