they_o place_v themselves_o in_o a_o ambuscade_n and_o when_o the_o game_n come_v that_o way_n they_o unexpected_o set_v upon_o the_o unarmed_a sports-man_n and_o have_v easy_o make_v all_o the_o rest_n fly_v away_o they_o wound_v cadelh_n so_o cruel_o that_o he_o narrow_o escape_v their_o hand_n alive_a who_o make_v shift_n to_o get_v home_o lay_v for_o a_o long_a time_n dangerous_o ill_a and_o with_o great_a difficulty_n at_o length_n recover_v his_o life_n upon_o this_o his_o brother_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n pass_v with_o a_o army_n into_o gwyr_n and_o have_v burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o they_o besiege_v and_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o aberlhychwr_n but_o find_v they_o can_v not_o keep_v it_o they_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o after_o that_o return_v home_o with_o great_a booty_n to_o dynefawr_n and_o repair_v the_o fortification_n of_o the_o castle_n there_o about_o the_o same_o time_n also_o howel_n prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n son_n fortify_v humphry_n castle_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o caletwr_n a.d._n 1151_o but_o the_o follow_a year_n prince_n owen_n do_v a_o very_a barbarous_a action_n to_o cunetha_n his_o brother_n cadwalhon_n son_n for_o fear_v lest_o that_o this_o young_a man_n shall_v lay_v claim_n to_o any_o part_n of_o his_o estate_n as_o his_o father_n be_v right_a he_o first_o pull_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o afterward_o castrate_v he_o for_o fear_v he_o shall_v beget_v any_o child_n who_o may_v some_o time_n or_o other_o renew_v their_o claim_n and_o right_a to_o cadwalhon_n estate_n this_o inhuman_a severity_n be_v succeed_v by_o another_o of_o no_o small_a remark_n lhewelyn_n son_n to_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n have_v watch_v a_o convenient_a opportunity_n set_v upon_o and_o slay_v stephen_n the_o son_n of_o baldwin_n but_o cadwallader_n prince_n owen_n brother_n after_o a_o tedious_a imprisonment_n which_o he_o have_v sustain_v through_o the_o malice_n and_o rancour_n of_o his_o nephew_n howel_n at_o length_n make_v his_o escape_n and_o fly_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n bring_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o that_o island_n under_o his_o subjection_n but_o prince_n owen_n hear_v how_o that_o his_o brother_n have_v get_v loose_a from_o custody_n and_o that_o he_o be_v in_o actual_a possession_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o anglesey_n he_o present_o dispatch_v a_o army_n over_o which_o prove_v too_o formidable_a to_o cadwalader_n party_n he_o be_v constrain_v to_o escape_v to_o england_n and_o to_o desire_v succour_n from_o his_o wife_n relation_n who_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n this_o year_n galfrede_n arthur_n common_o call_v geffrey_n of_o monmouth_n be_v make_v bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n simon_n archdeacon_n of_o cyfeilioc_n a_o man_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o esteem_n in_o his_o country_n die_v but_o the_o year_n follow_v meredith_n and_o rhys_n the_o son_n a.d._n 1152_o of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o penwedic_n castle_n which_o belong_v to_o howel_n prince_n owen_n son_n and_o after_o great_a pain_n and_o considerable_a loss_n of_o man_n of_o their_o side_n at_o last_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o from_o thence_o they_o march_v by_o night_n to_o tenby_n and_o unexpected_o fall_v upon_o the_o castle_n of_o which_o one_o william_n fitzgerald_n be_v governor_n they_o scale_v the_o wall_n before_o the_o garrison_n be_v aware_a of_o any_o danger_n and_o so_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o castle_n they_o fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o garrison_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o mischief_n they_o have_v do_v and_o further_o design_v to_o their_o brother_n cadelh_n for_o cadelh_n at_o this_o time_n be_v go_v upon_o a_o pilgrimage_n and_o during_o his_o absence_n have_v commit_v his_o whole_a inheritance_n and_o all_o other_o concern_v in_o wales_n to_o the_o care_n of_o his_o brethren_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n but_o after_o the_o take_a tenby-castle_n they_o divide_v their_o army_n into_o two_o party_n with_o one_o of_o which_o rhys_n march_v to_o ystratcongen_n and_o after_o great_a havoc_n and_o waste_v commit_v there_o he_o pass_v to_o cyfeilioc_n which_o fare_v in_o like_a manner_n with_o ystratcongen_n meredith_n with_o the_o other_o party_n sit_v before_o aberavan-castle_n and_o after_o a_o short_a siege_n win_v and_o get_v possession_n of_o it_o and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o very_o considerable_a booty_n and_o many_o rich_a spoil_n about_o the_o same_o time_n rondel_n earl_n of_o chester_n who_o have_v live_v in_o continual_a enmity_n and_o frequent_a hostility_n with_o prince_n owen_n of_o north-wales_n depart_v this_o life_n leave_v his_o son_n hugh_n to_o enjoy_v both_o his_o title_n and_o estate_n in_o england_n and_o to_o prosecute_v the_o feud_n and_o hostility_n against_o the_o welsh_a a.d._n 1153_o and_o short_o after_o die_v meredith_n son_n to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o cardigan_n ystratywy_n and_o dyfed_a be_v not_o pass_v the_o twenty_o five_o year_n of_o his_o age_n a_o person_n of_o incomparable_a valour_n and_o audacity_n and_o in_o all_o his_o warlike_a attempt_n and_o achievement_n very_o fortunate_a he_o be_v present_o follow_v by_o geoffrey_n bishop_n of_o llandaf_n a_o man_n as_o famous_a for_o learning_n and_o a_o good_a life_n as_o the_o other_o be_v for_o masculine_a bravery_n and_o martial_a prowess_n in_o england_n the_o face_n of_o thing_n look_v very_o lower_v henry_n surname_v shortmantel_n the_o empress_n son_n land_v in_o england_n and_o in_o his_o progress_n through_o the_o country_n take_v several_a castle_n among_o which_o be_v malmesbury_n wallingford_n and_o shrewsbury_n but_o his_o fury_n be_v quick_o appease_v by_o the_o death_n of_o eustace_n king_n stephen_n son_n so_o that_o the_o sole_a obstacle_n for_o his_o succeed_a to_o the_o crown_n be_v now_o remove_v he_o willing_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o king_n stephen_n permit_v he_o to_o enjoy_v the_o crown_n peaceable_o for_o his_o life_n upon_o condition_n a._n d_o 1154_o that_o himself_o be_v declare_v his_o successor_n but_o king_n stephen_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v this_o treaty_n and_o then_o henry_n plantagenet_n the_o empress_z son_n be_v crown_v in_o a.d._n 1155_o his_o stead_n towards_o the_o beginning_n of_o king_n henry_n reign_n rhys_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n king_n of_o south_n wales_n upon_o apprehension_n that_o owen_n gwynedh_n have_v raise_v a_o army_n for_o the_o conquest_n of_o south-wales_n draw_v together_o all_o his_o strength_n and_o march_v to_o aberdyfi_n to_o face_v the_o enemy_n upon_o their_o own_o border_n but_o find_v the_o rumour_n to_o be_v false_a and_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n have_v no_o such_o design_n in_o hand_n have_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o aberdyfi_n which_o may_v defend_v the_o frontier_n from_o any_o future_a design_n of_o his_o country_n he_o return_v back_o without_o attempt_v any_o thing_n far_o at_o the_o same_o time_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n build_v a_o castle_n at_o caereneon_n near_o cymer_n and_o then_o eglwys_n fair_a in_o myfot_o be_v found_v about_o this_o time_n also_o meyric_n nephew_n to_o prince_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o prison_n wherein_o he_o have_v be_v detain_v by_o his_o uncle_n for_o a_o considerable_a time_n the_o same_o year_n king_n henry_n be_v displease_v with_o the_o fleming_n who_o his_o predecessor_n king_n stephen_n have_v bring_v over_o into_o england_n issue_v out_o a_o proclamation_n charge_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o to_o depart_v his_o dominion_n and_o to_o retire_v to_o their_o countryman_n in_o west-wales_n where_o his_o grandfather_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o bastard_n son_n have_v plant_v they_o and_o thus_o that_o part_n of_o wales_n call_v pembrokeshire_n be_v overrun_v with_o these_o stranger_n who_o be_v better_a befriend_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n than_o the_o welsh_a can_v well_o expect_v to_o be_v make_v sure_a foot_n in_o that_o country_n where_o they_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v firm_a it_o be_v the_o english_a policy_n of_o those_o time_n to_o accept_v of_o any_o opportunity_n to_o curb_v and_o keep_v under_o the_o welsh_a who_o they_o experience_v to_o be_v none_o of_o the_o safe_a neighbour_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v grant_v any_o land_n and_o privilege_n in_o wales_n to_o any_o that_o will_v accept_v of_o they_o which_o honest_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o bestow_v but_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o in_o detriment_n to_o the_o welsh_a a.d._n 1156_o for_o the_o year_n follow_v king_n henry_n raise_v a_o very_a great_a army_n which_o he_o gather_v from_o all_o part_n of_o england_n with_o purpose_n to_o subdue_v all_o north-wales_n be_v principal_o move_v hereto_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o cadwallader_n the_o prince_n brother_n who_o owen_n gwynedh_n for_o what_o reason_n not_o
bruce_n under_o pretence_n of_o congratulate_v this_o new_a peace_n and_o agreement_n betwixt_o the_o english_a and_o welsh_a invite_v sitsylht_v and_o geffrey_n his_o son_n with_o several_z other_o of_o the_o person_n of_o chief_a note_n in_o gwentland_n to_o a_o feast_n in_o his_o castle_n of_o abergavenny_n which_o by_o composition_n he_o have_v late_o receive_v from_o they_o sitsylht_o with_o the_o rest_n come_v according_a to_o appointment_n and_o without_o the_o least_o suspicion_n of_o any_o treasonable_a design_n but_o after_o they_o have_v be_v civil_o entertain_v for_o some_o time_n william_n bruce_n to_o move_v a_o quarrel_n against_o they_o begin_v at_o last_o to_o propound_v certain_a article_n to_o they_o to_o be_v by_o they_o keep_v and_o perform_v and_o among_o other_o unreasonable_a condition_n they_o be_v to_o swear_v that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n carry_v with_o they_o bow_n or_o sword_n the_o welsh_a refuse_v to_o consent_v to_o and_o sign_n such_o improper_a article_n as_o these_o william_n bruce_n present_o call_v out_o his_o man_n who_o be_v ready_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o bid_v they_o fall_v to_o their_o business_n they_o most_o treacherous_o fall_v upon_o and_o slay_v the_o innocent_a and_o naked_a welsh_a and_o as_o if_o it_o do_v not_o sufficient_o express_v their_o cruelty_n and_o inhumanity_n they_o immediate_o go_v to_o sitsylht_n house_n which_o stand_v not_o far_o from_o abergavenny_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o gwladus_n his_o wife_n they_o slay_v her_o son_n cadwallader_n before_o her_o face_n and_o then_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o house_n they_o pack_v she_o away_o to_o the_o castle_n this_o execrable_a murder_n be_v thus_o most_o barbarous_o and_o which_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o under_o pretence_n of_o friendship_n and_o kindness_n commit_v wâ—lliam_n bruce_n to_o cloak_v his_o treason_n with_o some_o reasonable_a excuse_n and_o to_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v it_o be_v not_o for_o any_o private_a interest_n or_o expectation_n he_o have_v do_v such_o a_o act_n as_o he_o know_v will_v be_v by_o all_o man_n abhor_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v report_v abroad_o that_o he_o have_v do_v such_o a_o thing_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o uncle_n henry_n of_o hereford_n who_o the_o welsh_a on_o the_o easter-even_a before_o have_v slay_v but_o whilst_o these_o thing_n pass_v in_o south-wales_n roderic_n david_n prince_n of_o north-wales's_a brother_n make_v his_o escape_n by_o some_o mean_n or_o other_o out_o of_o prison_n and_o flee_v to_o anglesey_n he_o be_v receive_v and_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o the_o country_n other_o side_n the_o river_n conwey_n for_o their_o lord_n and_o prince_n which_o they_o be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o do_v by_o reason_n that_o they_o conceive_v a_o utter_a abhorrence_n of_o prince_n david_n who_o contrary_a to_o all_o rule_n of_o equity_n and_o almost_o nature_n have_v disinherit_v all_o his_o brethren_n and_o cousin_n as_o bold_o rely_v upon_o his_o affinity_n and_o relation_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o david_n perceive_v the_o storm_n to_o grow_v very_o violent_a and_o that_o the_o country_n do_v numerous_o flock_v and_o adhere_v to_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n think_v it_o his_o best_a way_n to_o stay_v a_o while_n till_o the_o storm_n be_v abate_v and_o so_o retire_v over_o the_o river_n conwey_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o brother_n to_o lord_n rhys_n after_o a_o tedious_a fit_n of_o sickness_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o monkish_a order_n depart_v this_o life_n who_o body_n be_v very_o honourable_o inter_v at_o stratflur_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n die_v also_o david_n a.d._n 1176_o fitz_n gerald_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n or_o s._n david_n who_o see_n be_v supply_v by_o one_o peer_n be_v nominate_v thereunto_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o what_o happen_v most_o remarkable_a this_o year_n the_o lord_n rhys_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n make_v a_o very_a great_a feast_n at_o christmas_n in_o his_o castle_n of_o aberteifi_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v proclaim_v through_o all_o britain_n ireland_n and_o the_o island_n adjacent_a some_o considerable_a time_n before_o and_o according_a to_o their_o invitation_n many_o hundred_o of_o english_a norman_n and_o other_o come_v to_o aberteifi_n be_v very_o honourable_o receive_v and_o courteous_o entertain_v by_o prince_n rhys_n but_o among_o other_o token_n of_o their_o welcome_n and_o entertainment_n rhys_n cause_v all_o the_o bard_n or_o poet_n throughout_o all_o wales_n to_o come_v thither_o and_o for_o a_o better_a diversion_n to_o the_o company_n he_o provide_v chair_n to_o be_v set_v in_o the_o hall_n in_o which_o the_o bard_n be_v seat_v they_o be_v to_o answer_v each_o other_o in_o rhyme_n and_o those_o that_o acquit_v themselves_o most_o handsome_o and_o overcome_v the_o rest_n be_v promise_v great_a reward_n and_o rich_a present_n in_o this_o poetical_a disceptation_n the_o north-wales_n bard_n obtain_v the_o victory_n with_o the_o applause_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o whole_a company_n and_o among_o the_o professor_n of_o music_n between_o who_o there_o be_v a.d._n 1177_o not_o small_a strife_n prince_n rhy_n own_o servant_n be_v account_v the_o most_o expert_a but_o for_o all_o this_o civil_a and_o oblige_a treatment_n of_o prince_n rhys_n the_o norman_n upon_o the_o march_n fall_v to_o their_o accustom_a manner_n of_o treacherous_a waylay_n and_o private_o assault_v the_o harmless_a and_o undesigning_a welch_n and_o therefore_o eineon_n clyt_v rhys_n his_o son_n in_o law_n and_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi meredith_n fall_v into_o the_o net_n which_o the_o norman_n have_v deceitful_o lay_v for_o they_o be_v treacherous_o murder_v therefore_o to_o keep_v the_o norman_n under_o great_a fear_n and_o awe_n for_o the_o future_a prince_n rhys_n build_v a_o castle_n at_o rhayadr_n gwy_n be_v a_o place_n where_o the_o river_n wye_n fall_v with_o a_o very_a great_a noise_n and_o precipitation_n down_o a_o great_a rock_n a.d._n 1178_o but_o this_o castle_n be_v like_a to_o stand_v he_o in_o a_o double_a stead_n for_o it_o be_v not_o long_o after_o he_o have_v perfect_o finish_v it_o that_o the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi make_v war_n against_o he_o but_o find_v upon_o trial_n that_o their_o design_n against_o rhys_n be_v impracticable_a they_o think_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o retire_v back_o to_o north-wales_n a.d._n 1179_o the_o next_o year_n cadwalhon_n brother_n to_o owen_n gwynedh_n and_o uncle_n to_o david_n and_o roderic_n who_o for_o fear_n of_o his_o brother_n have_v some_o time_n ago_o flee_v for_o refuge_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o he_o be_v convey_v home_o by_o some_o of_o the_o king_n servant_n to_o enjoy_v his_o patrimonial_a estate_n in_o wales_n be_v by_o those_o barbarous_a and_o treacherous_a villain_n murder_v in_o his_o journey_n this_o year_n the_o sepulchre_n of_o that_o famous_a and_o noble_a british_a king_n arthur_n with_o his_o wife_n gwenhofar_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o some_o welsh_a bard_n who_o king_n henry_n have_v hear_v at_o pembrock_n relate_v in_o a_o song_n the_o worthy_a and_o mighty_a act_n of_o that_o great_a prince_n and_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v bury_v be_v find_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o afalon_n without_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastenbury_n their_o body_n be_v lay_v in_o a_o hollow_a elder_a tree_n bury_v fifteen_o foot_n in_o the_o earth_n the_o bone_n of_o king_n arthur_n be_v of_o marvellous_a and_o almost_o incredible_a bigness_n have_v ten_o wound_n in_o the_o skull_n whereof_o one_o be_v considerable_o large_a than_o the_o rest_n seem_v to_o be_v his_o death-blow_a and_o the_o queen_n hair_n seem_v to_o the_o sight_n to_o be_v fair_a and_o yellow_a but_o when_o touch_v crumble_v present_o to_o dust_n over_o the_o bone_n be_v lay_v a_o stone_n with_o a_o cross_n of_o lead_n upon_o the_o low_a side_n of_o which_o stone_n be_v engrave_v these_o word_n hic_fw-la iaceo_fw-la sepultus_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la arthurus_n in_o insula_fw-la avalonia_n here_o lie_v bury_v the_o famous_a king_n arthur_z in_o the_o isle_n of_o afalon_n no_o action_n of_o moment_n have_v pass_v in_o wales_n this_o long_a time_n and_o the_o welsh_a be_v in_o perfect_a amity_n and_o concord_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o some_o unlucky_a accident_n fall_v out_o at_o last_o to_o dissolve_v this_o happy_a a.d._n 1182_o union_n and_o agreement_n one_o ranulph_n de_fw-fr poer_n who_o be_v sheriff_n of_o glocestershire_n or_o rather_o as_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la observe_v of_o herefordshire_n be_v a_o cruel_a and_o unreasonable_a oppressor_n of_o the_o welsh_a put_v the_o lord_n of_o gwentland_n to_o death_n in_o revenge_n of_o who_o a_o certain_a young_a person_n of_o that_o country_n set_v upon_o ranulph_n with_o several_a other_o gentleman_n his_o
montgomery-shire_n and_o be_v all_o on_o the_o north-side_n severn_n save_v a_o piece_n of_o montgomery-shire_n and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o let_v the_o reader_n understand_v what_o the_o british_a chronicle_n say_v of_o north-wales_n which_o affirm_v that_o three_o time_n it_o come_v by_o inheritance_n to_o woman_n first_o to_o stradwen_n daughter_n to_o cadfan_n ap_fw-mi conan_n ap_fw-mi endaf_fw-mi and_o wife_n to_o coel_n godebâ—e_v mother_n to_o genaw_n dyfyr_n and_o gwawl_v the_o second_o time_n to_o the_o same_o gwawl_fw-mi wife_n to_o edeyrn_n ap_fw-mi padarn_n and_o mother_n to_o cunetha_n wledic_n whâ—ch_v cunetha_n inhabit_v in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o england_n about_o the_o year_n 540._o after_o the_o incarnation_n of_o christ_n and_o hear_v how_o the_o mingle_a nation_n of_o irish-scot_n and_o pict_n have_v overrun_v the_o seashore_n of_o cardigan_n which_o be_v part_n of_o his_o inheritance_n send_v his_o son_n thither_o to_o enjoy_v their_o inheritance_n of_o who_o tibiaon_n his_o elder_a son_n die_v in_o man_n which_o land_n the_o say_a irish-scot_n have_v win_v for_o gildas_n say_v that_o the_o child_n of_o glam_n hector_n which_o people_v a_o great_a part_n of_o ireland_n yscro_v with_o his_o people_n inhabit_v dalrieuda_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o scotland_n builke_n with_o his_o people_n come_v to_o man._n but_o i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o put_v in_o gildas_n word_n which_o say_v builke_n cum_fw-la filiis_fw-la suis_fw-la inhabitavit_fw-la euboniam_fw-la insulam_fw-la uâ—lgò_fw-la manaw_fw-mi quae_fw-la est_fw-la in_o meditullio_fw-la maris_fw-la inter_fw-la hyberniam_fw-la &_o britanniam_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v buiâ—ke_v with_o his_o child_n inhabit_v the_o isle_n eubonia_fw-la common_o manaw_v for_o so_o it_o be_v and_o be_v name_v in_o british_a which_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o sea_n between_o ireland_n and_o britain_n this_o be_v not_o call_v môna_n as_o polydore_n feign_v the_o child_n of_o bethoun_n inhabit_v demetia_n which_o be_v south-wales_n with_o gwyr_n and_o cydweli_n till_o they_o be_v chase_v thence_o by_o the_o child_n of_o cunetha_n thus_o far_o gildas_n therefore_o the_o son_n of_o cunetha_n be_v arrive_v in_o north_n wales_n as_o well_o i_o think_v be_v drive_v by_o the_o saxon_n as_o for_o their_o inheritance_n divide_v the_o country_n betwixt_o they_o and_o first_o meireaon_n the_o son_n of_o tibiaon_n the_o son_n of_o cunetha_n have_v cantref_o meireaon_n to_o his_o part_n arustel_n ap_fw-mi cunetha_n have_v cantref_o arostly_a caredic_n ap_fw-mi cunetha_n have_v caerdigion_n now_o call_v cardiganshire_n sâ—esneg_n maelor_n the_o son_n of_o gwran_n son_n to_o cunedha_n have_v maeloron_n that_o be_v the_o two_o maeloâ—_n maelor_n gymbraeg_n call_v br._n and_o maelor_n sâ—esneg_n dunod_n have_v cantref_o dimodic_n edeyrn_n have_v edeyrnion_n mael_n have_v dynmael_n coel_n have_v colâ—yon_n doguael_n have_v dogueilyn_n rhyfaon_n have_v rhyfonioc_n now_o denbighland_n eineon_n yrch_n have_v caereneon_n in_o powy_n vssa_fw-mi have_v maesuswalht_v now_o oswestry_n for_o sure_o that_o they_o say_v common_o of_o oswald_n king_n of_o northumberland_n to_o be_v slay_v there_o and_o of_o the_o well_o that_o spring_v where_o his_o arm_n be_v carry_v be_v nothing_o so_o for_o beda_n and_o all_o other_o writer_n testify_v that_o peanda_n slay_v oswald_n at_o maserfelt_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n and_o his_o body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o abbey_n of_o bradney_n in_o the_o province_n of_o lhyndesey_n but_o to_o my_o former_a matter_n these_o name_n give_v by_o the_o son_n of_o cunetha_n remain_v to_o this_o day_n after_o this_o the_o irish-pict_n or_o scot_n which_o the_o britain_n call_v y_o gwydhyl_n phictiay_v which_o be_v to_o say_v the_o irish-pict_n do_v overrun_v the_o isle_n of_o môn_n and_o be_v drive_v thence_o by_o caswalhon_n lhawhir_n that_o be_v caswalhon_n with_o the_o long_a hand_n the_o son_n of_o eineon_n yâ—ch_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cunedha_n who_o slay_v serigi_n their_o king_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n at_o lhan_n y_fw-fr gwydhyl_n which_o be_v the_o irish_a church_n at_o holyhead_n this_o caswalhon_n be_v father_n to_o maelgon_n gwynedh_n who_o the_o latin_n call_v maglocunus_fw-la prince_n and_o king_n of_o britain_n in_o his_o time_n be_v the_o famous_a clerk_n and_o great_a wiseman_n taliessyn_n ben_n beiâ—dâ—_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o beirdh_n or_o wiseman_n for_o this_o word_n bardh_n in_o caesar_n time_n signify_v as_o lucan_n bear_v witness_n such_o as_o have_v knowledge_n of_o thing_n to_o come_v and_o so_o it_o signify_v at_o this_o day_n this_o maelgon_n have_v a_o son_n call_v run_v in_o who_o time_n the_o saxon_n invite_v gurmond_n into_o britain_n from_o ireland_n who_o have_v come_v thither_o from_o africa_n who_o with_o the_o saxon_n be_v the_o utter_a destruction_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o fly_v all_o that_o profess_a christ_n and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o drive_v they_o over_o severn_n this_o run_n be_v father_n to_o beli_n who_o be_v father_n to_o jago_n for_o so_o the_o britain_n call_n james_n who_o be_v father_n to_o cadfaâ—â—_n and_o not_o brochwel_v call_v brecyfal_n as_o the_o english_a chronicle_n say_v for_o this_o brochwel_n call_v ysgiâ—hroc_n that_o be_v long_o tooth_v be_v choose_v leader_n of_o such_o as_o meet_v with_o adelred_n alius_fw-la ethelbertus_fw-la rex_fw-la cantiaâ—_n and_o other_o angles_n and_o saxon_n who_o augustine_n have_v move_v to_o make_v war_n against_o the_o christian_a britain_n and_o these_o put_v brochwel_n twice_o to_o flight_n not_o far_o from_o chester_n and_o cruel_o slay_v a_o 1000_o priest_n and_o monk_n of_o bangor_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o lay-brethren_n of_o the_o same_o house_n which_o live_v by_o the_o labour_n of_o their_o hand_n and_o be_v come_v barefooted_a and_o woolward_o to_o crave_v mercy_n and_o peace_n at_o the_o saxon_n hand_n and_o here_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o this_o be_v not_o augustine_n bishop_n of_o hippona_n the_o great_a clerk_n but_o augustine_n the_o monk_n call_v the_o apostle_n of_o england_n then_o this_o brochwel_n retire_v over_o dee_n hard_o by_o bangor_n and_o defend_v the_o saxon_n the_o passage_n till_o cadfan_n king_n of_o north_n wales_n meredyth_n king_n of_o south-wales_n and_o bledâ—us_a or_o bletius_n prince_n of_o cornwall_n come_v to_o succour_v he_o and_o give_v the_o saxon_n a_o sore_a battle_n and_o slay_v of_o they_o the_o number_n of_o a_o 1066_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n after_o the_o which_o battle_n cadfan_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o britain_n and_o be_v chief_a ruler_n within_o the_o isle_n after_o who_o his_o son_n cadwalhon_n who_o be_v father_n to_o cadwallader_n the_o last_o of_o the_o british_a blood_n that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o king_n of_o britain_n be_v king_n the_o three_o time_n that_o north-wales_n come_v to_o a_o woman_n be_v to_o esylht_v the_o daughter_n of_o conan_n tindaythwy_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n ywrch_n the_o son_n of_o cadwalâ—dâ—r_n she_o be_v wife_n to_o merfyn_n frych_n and_o mother_n to_o rhodâ—ric_a the_o great_a as_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v by_o this_o you_o may_v understand_v that_o north-wales_a have_v be_v a_o great_a while_n the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o last_o king_n of_o britain_n because_o it_o be_v and_o be_v the_o strong_a country_n within_o this_o isle_n full_a of_o high_a mountain_n craggy_a rock_n great_a wood_n and_o deep_a valley_n straight_o and_o dangerous_a place_n deep_a and_o swift_a river_n as_o dyfi_n which_o spring_v in_o the_o hill_n of_o merâ—onyth_n and_o run_v north-west_n through_o mowthwy_n and_o by_o machynlaeth_n and_o so_o to_o the_o sea_n at_o aberdyfi_n divide_v nâ—râ—h_n and_o south-wales_n asunder_o d_o you_o call_v in_o welsh_a dourdwy_n spring_v also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o same_o hill_n run_v east_n through_o penlhyn_n and_o the_o lake_n tegyd_v 〈…〉_o and_o lhangolhen_o between_o chirke-land_n and_o bromfield_n where_o it_o bow_v northward_o towards_o bangor_n to_o the_o holt_n and_o to_o chester_n and_o thence_o north-west_n to_o flint-castle_n and_o so_o to_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v also_o conwey_n rise_v likewise_o in_o merionyth-â—â—ire_n and_o divide_v caernarvon_n from_o denbighshire_n â—â—nneth_v under_o snowden_n north-east_n by_o the_o town_n of_o â—berconwey_a to_o the_o sea_n also_o clwyd_n which_o rise_v in_o denbigh_n land_n run_v down_o to_o ruthyn_n and_o plain_a north_n not_o far_o from_o denbigh_a to_o st._n asaph_n and_o so_o by_o ruthlan_n and_o to_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v many_o other_o fair_a river_n of_o which_o some_o run_v â—o_o the_o sea_n as_o mawr_z at_o traethmawr_n and_o afon_n y_o saint_n at_o â—aernarvon_n and_o other_o that_o run_v to_o severn_n as_o murnwy_n 〈◊〉_d powy_n and_o to_o murnwy_n tanat_n some_o other_o to_o d_o you_o â—s_a ceirioc_n betwixt_o the_o lordship_n of_o chirke_n and_o whitâ—ington_n alyn_n through_o yal_a and_o mould_v dale_n and_o hope_v â—ale_a and_o so_o
for_o the_o regaining_a of_o the_o say_a country_n but_o the_o northern_a britain_n who_o have_v settle_v themselves_o there_o have_v intelligence_n of_o his_o design_n for_o the_o better_a security_n of_o their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n remove_v they_o beyond_o the_o river_n conwey_n prince_n anarawd_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v together_o all_o the_o strength_n he_o can_v raise_v encamp_v his_o army_n near_o the_o town_n of_o conwey_n at_o a_o place_n call_v cymryt_n where_o himself_o and_o his_o man_n have_v make_v gallant_a resistance_n against_o the_o press_a effort_n of_o the_o saxon_n obtain_v a_o very_a complete_a victory_n this_o battle_n be_v by_o some_o call_v gwaeth_n cymryt_n conwey_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v fight_v in_o the_o township_n of_o cymryt_n near_o conwey_n but_o prince_n anarawd_n will_v have_v it_o call_v dial_n rodri_n because_o he_o have_v there_o revenge_v the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n rodri._n in_o this_o battle_n tadwal_n rodri_n son_n receive_v a_o wound_n in_o the_o knee_n which_o make_v he_o be_v denominate_v tudwal_n glôff_n ever_o after_o but_o for_o his_o signal_n service_n in_o this_o action_n his_o brethren_n bestow_v upon_o he_o vchelogoed_n gwynedd_n but_o the_o britain_n pursue_n their_o victory_n chase_v the_o saxon_n quite_o out_o of_o wales_n into_o mercia_n where_o have_v burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o border_n they_o return_v home_o lade_v with_o rich_a spoil_n and_o so_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o country_n betwixt_o chester_n and_o conwey_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o they_o peaceable_o enjoy_v but_o anarawd_n to_o express_v his_o thankfulness_n to_o god_n for_o this_o great_a victory_n give_v very_o considerable_a land_n and_o possession_n to_o the_o collegiate_n church_n of_o bangor_n and_o clynnoc_n vawr_n in_o arfon_n after_o this_o those_o dane_n that_o lie_v at_o fulhenham_n near_o london_n cross_v the_o sea_n to_o france_n and_o pass_v to_o paris_n along_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi spoil_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o and_o vanquish_v the_o french_a that_o come_v against_o they_o but_o in_o their_o return_n towards_o the_o sea-coast_n they_o be_v meet_v with_o by_o the_o britain_n of_o armorica_n who_o slay_v the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o and_o the_o rest_n confuse_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v to_o their_o ship_n be_v all_o drown_v one_o shall_v think_v that_o the_o several_a misfortune_n the_o dane_n sustain_v first_o at_o sandwich_n then_o by_o king_n alfred_n and_o now_o in_o france_n will_v have_v quite_o drain_v their_o number_n and_o utter_o have_v rid_v britain_n from_o so_o troublesome_a a_o enemy_n but_o like_o ill_a weed_n the_o more_o you_o root_v they_o the_o fast_o they_o will_v grow_v the_o dane_n be_v still_o supply_v from_o abroad_o and_o if_o a_o army_n be_v vanquish_v here_o another_o be_v sure_a to_o come_v in_o their_o room_n this_o the_o welsh_a find_v too_o true_a for_o not_o long_o after_o this_o famous_a defeat_n by_o the_o armorican_a britain_n the_o danes_n not_o able_a to_o venture_v upon_o these_o be_v resolve_v to_o revenge_v themselves_o upon_o their_o friend_n of_o wales_n and_o therefore_o land_v in_o north-wales_n they_o cruel_o harass_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n nor_o be_v it_o strange_a to_o consider_v from_o whence_o such_o a_o wonderful_a number_n of_o dane_n and_o norman_n can_v come_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n have_v under_o it_o not_o only_a denmark_n which_o be_v a_o small_a country_n divide_v by_o the_o sea_n into_o insulas_fw-la and_o peninsulas_fw-la as_o that_o which_o join_v upon_o saxony_n and_o holsatia_n call_v cymbrica_n chersonesus_n with_o the_o island_n of_o zealand_n and_o finnen_n but_o also_o normay_v and_o the_o large_a country_n of_o sweden_n reach_v to_o muscovy_n and_o almost_o to_o the_o north-pole_n this_o country_n be_v then_o scarce_o know_v to_o the_o world_n do_v of_o a_o sudden_a pour_fw-fr out_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o people_n which_o like_o a_o sudden_a storm_n unexpected_o overran_a all_o europe_n with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o africa_n from_o hence_o proceed_v these_o dane_n who_o annoy_v england_n and_o the_o norman_n who_o conquer_v france_n both_o nation_n be_v original_o derive_v from_o the_o same_o stock_n a.d._n 890_o the_o dane_n have_v not_o appear_v in_o england_n for_o some_o time_n and_o therefore_o be_v now_o resolve_v to_o take_v so_o sure_a a_o foot_n as_o they_o can_v easy_o be_v repulse_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o sail_n be_v land_v at_o lymene_n in_o kent_n hard_o by_o the_o great_a forest_n of_o andreslege_n they_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o auldre_n or_o apledore_n the_o same_o time_n haste_v with_o a_o fleet_n of_o eighty_o sail_v venture_v to_o the_o thames_n mouth_n and_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o mydlton_n have_v first_o make_v a_o oath_n to_o king_n alfred_n not_o to_o molest_v he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n but_o have_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o beamfleet_n he_o think_v himself_o to_o have_v obtain_v so_o great_a a_o strength_n that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o observe_v the_o oath_n late_o swear_v to_o king_n alfred_n and_o therefore_o invade_v the_o country_n round_o about_o he_o but_o he_o soon_o find_v his_o mistake_n and_o be_v force_v to_o betake_v himself_o back_o to_o his_o castle_n which_o be_v quick_o pull_v down_o upon_o his_o head_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o two_o son_n take_v prisoner_n who_o be_v christen_v be_v again_o restore_v to_o their_o father_n upon_o this_o haste_v and_o his_o dane_n depart_v from_o england_n and_o make_v their_o way_n for_o france_n where_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o limogis_n and_o despair_v of_o a_o speedy_a surrender_n of_o it_o betake_v himself_o to_o his_o usual_a way_n of_o deal_v sinistrous_o and_o devise_v this_o trick_n to_o win_v the_o town_n he_o feign_v himself_o to_o be_v dangerous_o sick_a and_o send_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o 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with_o loud_a acclamation_n and_o joyful_o salute_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o tread_v in_o his_o father_n step_n behave_v himself_o in_o his_o government_n with_o that_o prudence_n and_o conduct_n that_o he_o manful_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o the_o frequent_a invasion_n of_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n for_o he_o be_v scarce_o settle_v in_o his_o throne_n when_o these_o inveterate_a enemy_n of_o the_o welsh_a enter_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n into_o wales_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o crosford_n upon_o the_o severn_n where_o gruffydh_n meet_v they_o and_o force_v they_o shameful_o to_o fly_v and_o retire_v back_o to_o their_o own_o country_n from_o thence_o gruffydh_n pass_v to_o lhanbadarn_n vawr_n in_o cardiganshire_n which_o he_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o afterward_o march_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o south_n wales_n receive_v of_o the_o people_n oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o subjection_n to_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n howel_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n 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to_o keep_v he_o out_o and_o will_v allow_v he_o a_o maintenance_n upon_o his_o own_o proper_a charge_n upon_o these_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o enter_v into_o wales_n any_o more_o without_o his_o far_a order_n and_o so_o grant_v he_o twenty_o day_n for_o the_o order_n his_o affair_n he_o give_v he_o liberty_n to_o retire_v to_o any_o part_n of_o his_o dominion_n except_v wales_n when_o owen_n and_o madawc_n be_v inform_v how_o cadwgan_n be_v treat_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o that_o cardigan_n which_o be_v their_o chief_a place_n of_o refuge_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o another_o person_n they_o think_v that_o their_o condition_n by_o this_o time_n be_v desperate_a and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o better_o stay_v any_o long_o in_o britain_n and_o therefore_o with_o all_o speed_n they_o take_v ship_v for_o ireland_n where_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v honourable_o entertain_v by_o king_n murkart_n then_o king_n henry_n send_v for_o gilbert_n strongbow_n earl_n 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first_o on-let_a strike_v with_o a_o arrow_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o which_o wound_n he_o present_o die_v which_o when_o his_o man_n see_v they_o all_o flee_v and_o bring_v word_n to_o lhywarch_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fellow_n of_o what_o have_v happen_v and_o so_o suspect_v the_o king_n army_n see_v they_o can_v not_o be_v trust_v in_o their_o service_n they_o all_o return_v to_o their_o respective_a country_n owen_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n unhappy_o slay_v his_o brethren_n divide_v his_o land_n betwixt_o they_o except_v caereneon_n which_o proper_o belong_v to_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi ryryd_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o which_o he_o have_v forcible_o take_v away_o from_o his_o uncle_n meredith_n his_o father_n cadwgan_n have_v several_a child_n by_o different_a woman_n and_o beside_o himself_o he_o have_v issue_n madawc_n by_o gwenlhian_n the_o daughter_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n eineon_n by_o sanna_n the_o daughter_n of_o dyfnwal_n morgan_n by_o efelhiw_n or_o elhiw_n the_o daughter_n of_o cadifor_n ap_fw-mi colhoyn_v lord_n of_o dyfed_a henry_n and_o gruffydh_n be_v by_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o lord_n pigot_n his_o wed_a wife_n meredith_n by_o eururon_n hoedliw_n and_o himself_o by_o inerth_n the_o daughter_n of_o edwin_n but_o a_o while_n afterward_o eineon_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n and_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o cymmer_n in_o merionythshire_n which_o be_v late_o build_v by_o vchtryd_v ap_fw-mi edwin_n for_o cadwgan_n have_v bestow_v upon_o vchtryd_v his_o cofin-german_a merionyth_n and_o cyfeilioc_n upon_o condition_n that_o in_o all_o case_n he_o shall_v appear_v his_o friend_n and_o his_o son_n after_o he_o contrary_a to_o which_o promise_n he_o bear_v no_o manner_n of_o regard_n to_o cadwgan_n child_n after_o owen_n death_n but_o to_o strengthen_v himself_o the_o better_a he_o erect_v this_o castle_n of_o cymmer_n which_o very_o much_o displease_v many_o of_o cadwgan_n son_n and_o therefore_o eineon_n and_o gruffydh_n to_o make_v vchtryd_v sensible_a of_o his_o error_n in_o despise_v of_o they_o furious_o set_v upon_o cymmer_n castle_n and_o have_v slay_v divers_a of_o the_o garrison_n the_o rest_n surrender_v themselves_o and_o so_o take_v possession_n of_o it_o they_o divide_v the_o country_n betwixt_o they_o mowdhwy_a cyfyeilioc_n and_o half_a penlhyn_n to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n and_o the_o other_o half_a of_o penthyn_n with_o all_o merionyth_n to_o eineon_n the_o next_o year_n king_n henry_n fail_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o normandy_n against_o the_o french_a king_n who_o with_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o other_o go_v about_o to_o make_v william_n the_o son_n of_o robert_n curthoise_n duke_n of_o normandy_n but_o at_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n they_o all_o scatter_a and_o lay_v aside_o their_o intend_a design_n about_o the_o same_o time_n gilbert_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigill_n to_o who_o king_n henry_n have_v give_v all_o cardigan_n depart_v this_o life_n after_o a_o long_a fit_a of_o a_o consumption_n much_o to_o the_o joy_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o welsh_a who_o be_v in_o great_a measure_n displease_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o their_o own_o natural_a lord_n cadwgan_n from_o who_o this_o country_n be_v take_v away_o and_o be_v force_v to_o serve_v and_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o stranger_n who_o kindness_n they_o have_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o expect_v but_o the_o year_n follow_v a.d._n 1115_o a_o irreconcilable_a quarrel_n happen_v betwixt_o howel_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n lord_n of_o ros_n and_o ryfonioc_n now_o denbighland_n and_o riryd_n and_o lhywarch_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n and_o when_o they_o can_v not_o otherwise_o agree_v they_o break_v out_o into_o open_a war_n and_o thereupon_o howel_n send_v to_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o to_o eineon_n and_o madawc_n cadwgan_n son_n who_o come_v down_o from_o merionyth_n with_o a_o party_n of_o four_o hundred_o well-disciplined_a man_n and_o encamp_v in_o dyffryn_n clwyd_n riryd_n and_o lhywarch_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n deâ—â—red_v the_o assistance_n of_o their_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o vchtryd_v and_o so_o both_o army_n meet_v in_o the_o vale_n of_o clwyd_n they_o fall_v to_o blow_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o spirit_n and_o alacrity_n and_o after_o a_o tedious_a and_o a_o bloody_a fight_n lhywarch_n owen_n ap_fw-mi edwyn's_fw-mi son_n be_v at_o last_o slay_v and_o with_o he_o jorwerth_n the_o son_n of_o nudh_n a_o noble_a and_o a_o valorous_a person_n and_o riryd_n be_v force_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n by_o flight_n but_o though_o howel_n obtain_v the_o victory_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o long_o survive_v his_o slay_a enemy_n for_o have_v receive_v a_o desperate_a wound_n in_o the_o action_n dye_v of_o it_o within_o forty_o day_n and_o than_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n find_v it_o dangerous_a to_o stay_v long_o there_o for_o fear_n of_o some_o french_a who_o lie_v garrison_v in_o chester_n return_v home_o with_o all_o speed_n king_n henry_n be_v still_o in_o normandy_n and_o about_o this_o a.d._n 1116_o time_n a_o very_a great_a battle_n be_v fight_v betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v shameful_o vanquish_v and_o overthrow_v and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o noble_n take_v prisoner_n but_o as_o king_n henry_n return_v the_o follow_a a.d._n 11_o 7._o year_n for_o england_n one_o of_o the_o ship_n happen_v by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o pilot_n to_o be_v cast_v away_o wherein_o perish_v the_o king_n two_o son_n william_n who_o be_v legitimate_a and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n and_o richard_n his_o base_a son_n together_o with_o his_o daughter_n and_o niece_n and_o several_a other_o of_o his_o nobility_n to_o the_o number_n in_o all_o of_o 150_o person_n this_o unparalleled_a loss_n of_o so_o many_o kindred_n and_o friend_n do_v not_o perplex_v his_o mind_n so_o long_o but_o that_o within_o a_o short_a time_n he_o begin_v to_o solace_v and_o raise_v his_o droop_a spirit_n with_o the_o thought_n of_o a_o new_a wife_n and_o have_v marry_v adelice_n a.d._n 1118_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o louvain_n he_o purpose_v to_o go_v against_o wales_n and_o have_v prepare_v his_o force_n he_o lead_v they_o in_o person_n to_o powys-land_n when_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o eineon_n madawc_n and_o morgan_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o country_n hear_v of_o it_o they_o send_v to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n desire_v some_o help_n at_o his_o hand_n who_o flat_o refuse_v assure_v they_o that_o because_o he_o be_v at_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o can_v neither_o with_o honour_n nor_o safety_n send_v they_o any_o succour_n nor_o permit_v they_o to_o come_v within_o his_o dominion_n the_o lord_n of_o powy_n receive_v this_o unwelcome_a answer_n and_o have_v now_o no_o manner_n of_o hope_n of_o any_o aid_n be_v resolve_v however_o to_o defend_v themselves_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o the_o most_o effectual_a mean_n to_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o enter_v into_o the_o country_n be_v to_o observe_v and_o defend_v the_o strait_n by_o which_o the_o enemy_n must_v of_o necessity_n pass_v neither_o be_v they_o out_o in_o their_o policy_n for_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o a_o small_a number_n advance_v to_o one_o of_o these_o narrow_a passage_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o carriage_n have_v take_v some_o compass_n about_o which_o the_o welsh_a perceive_v present_o pour_v a_o shower_n of_o arrow_n upon_o they_o and_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n give_v help_n to_o their_o execution_n they_o slay_v and_o wound_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o english_a the_o king_n himself_o be_v strike_v in_o the_o breast_n but_o for_o all_o that_o the_o arrow_n can_v not_o hurt_v he_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o armour_n yet_o he_o be_v so_o terrify_v with_o this_o unexpected_a conflict_n and_o consider_v with_o himself_o that_o he_o must_v receive_v several_a such_o brush_n before_o he_o can_v advance_v to_o the_o plain_a country_n and_o what_o be_v above_o all_o be_v sensible_a that_o by_o such_o rash_a misfortune_n he_o may_v lose_v all_o the_o honour_n and_o fame_n which_o he_o have_v before_o obtain_v send_v a_o message_n to_o parley_v with_o they_o who_o keep_v the_o passage_n and_o with_o all_o assurance_n of_o safety_n to_o desire_v they_o to_o come_v to_o the_o king_n the_o welsh_a be_v come_v and_o question_v how_o they_o have_v such_o confidence_n to_o oppose_v the_o king_n and_o to_o put_v his_o life_n in_o so_o much_o danger_n make_v answer_n that_o they_o belong_v to_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o according_a to_o their_o master_n order_n they_o be_v
any_o ambushment_n lurk_v therein_o and_o for_o a_o more_o clear_a prospect_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o some_o of_o the_o welsh_a take_v advantage_n of_o this_o opportunity_n who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o passage_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o officer_n fall_v upon_o the_o king_n guard_n where_o all_o the_o pike-man_n be_v post_v and_o after_o a_o hot_a skirmish_n several_z be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n but_o in_o fine_a the_o king_n win_v the_o passage_n and_o so_o march_v on_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v sometime_o without_o any_o hostility_n on_o either_o side_n both_o army_n stand_v in_o fear_n of_o each_o other_o the_o english_a keep_v the_o open_a plain_n and_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o the_o strait_n and_o narrow_a passage_n and_o the_o welsh_a on_o the_o other_o hand_n watch_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o observe_v the_o english_a so_o narrow_o that_o neither_o forage_v or_o victual_n can_v pass_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n and_o what_o augment_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o english_a army_n there_o happen_v to_o fall_v such_o a_o rain_n that_o mighty_o disturb_v their_o encampment_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o soldier_n can_v scarce_o stand_v for_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o those_o slippery_a hill_n but_o in_o the_o end_n king_n henry_n be_v force_v to_o decamp_v and_o after_o a_o very_a considerable_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o ammunition_n beside_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o this_o expedition_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v back_o to_o england_n but_o to_o express_v the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n he_o entertain_v of_o this_o enterprise_n in_o a_o great_a fury_n he_o pluck_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o hostage_n which_o he_o have_v some_o time_n afore_o receive_v from_o the_o welsh_a which_o be_v rhys_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o cynric_n and_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o rhys_n of_o south-wales_n some_o write_v that_o in_o assail_a of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n one_o of_o the_o welsh_a have_v aim_v direct_o at_o he_o be_v like_a to_o pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n have_v not_o hubert_n de_fw-fr clare_n constable_n of_o colchester_n who_o perceive_v the_o arrow_n a_o come_n thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o it_o though_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o life_n but_o though_o king_n henry_n be_v shameful_o force_v to_o return_v to_o england_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o give_v over_o the_o thought_n of_o subdue_a the_o welsh_a and_o therefore_o after_o a_o long_a consultation_n he_o make_v a_o three_o expedition_n into_o wales_n convey_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o chester_n there_o he_o stay_v for_o some_o time_n till_o all_o his_o fleet_n as_o well_o those_o ship_n that_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o ireland_n as_o his_o own_o be_v all_o arrive_v but_o when_o they_o be_v all_o come_v together_o and_o get_v safe_o to_o chester_n his_o mind_n be_v alter_v and_o instead_o of_o a_o design_n against_o wales_n he_o unexpected_o dismiss_v his_o whole_a army_n prince_n rhys_n be_v glad_a of_o this_o opportunity_n and_o therefore_o withdraw_a his_o force_n from_o the_o confederate_a army_n he_o march_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o aberteifi_n castle_n which_o be_v surrender_v to_o he_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o ground_n from_o thence_o he_o get_v before_o cilgerran_n which_o he_o use_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o therein_o take_v prisoner_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n his_o cousin-german_a who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o nest_n his_o aunt_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o gerald_n have_v marry_v stephen_n constable_n the_o joy_n of_o these_o happy_a success_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v somewhat_o cloud_v by_o the_o death_n of_o lhewelyn_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n a_o person_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o exceed_o well_o belove_v of_o all_o his_o country_n a.d._n 1165_o and_o now_o the_o welsh_a be_v something_o secure_a from_o any_o invasion_n from_o the_o english_a there_o rise_v up_o another_o enemy_n to_o create_v they_o disturbance_n the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n find_v the_o english_a to_o fail_v in_o their_o attempt_n against_o the_o welsh_a think_v they_o may_v with_o better_a success_n quell_v and_o subdue_v they_o and_o therefore_o they_o come_v to_o west-wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n which_o rhys_n have_v late_o fortify_v but_o after_o two_o different_a assault_n they_o be_v manful_o beat_v back_o and_o force_v to_o depart_v home_o again_o but_o what_o the_o fleming_n can_v not_o effect_v against_o the_o welsh_a in_o south-wales_n the_o welsh_a easy_o bring_v about_o against_o the_o english_a in_o north-wales_n for_o prince_n owen_n have_v besiege_v basingwerk_n castle_n then_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n without_o much_o time_n spend_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v always_o the_o misfortune_n of_o the_o welsh_a that_o when_o they_o find_v themselves_o secure_a from_o any_o enemy_n abroad_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o quarrel_v and_o fall_v out_o at_o home_n though_o indeed_o it_o can_v not_o be_v well_o otherwise_o expect_v where_o so_o many_o petty_a state_n endeavour_v still_o to_o surmount_v and_o outvie_v one_o another_o and_o now_o when_o all_o thing_n go_v very_o successful_o of_o their_o side_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o english_a two_o ambitious_a person_n begin_v to_o kindle_v a_o flame_n in_o their_o own_o bosom_n owen_n cyfeilioc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maredith_n lord_n of_o powy_n and_o owen_n fychan_n second_o son_n to_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n forcible_o dispossess_v jorwerth_n goch_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o powy_n which_o they_o divide_v betwixt_o themselves_o mochnant_n vwch_v rayadr_n to_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o mochnant_n be_v rayadr_n to_o owen_n fychan_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n can_v not_o brook_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o jorwerth_n goch_n and_o therefore_o a.d._n 1166_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n with_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n and_o rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n go_v with_o a_o army_n into_o powy_n against_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o have_v chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n they_o bestow_v caereneon_n upon_o owen_n fychan_n to_o hold_v it_o of_o prince_n owen_n and_o rhys_n have_v walwern_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o lay_v near_o his_o own_o territory_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n return_v with_o a_o numerous_a band_n of_o norman_n and_o english_a along_o with_o he_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o caereneon_n which_o he_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n but_o the_o loss_n of_o this_o place_n be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o take_n of_o ruthlan_n castle_n which_o owen_n rhys_n and_o cadwallader_n joint_o besiege_v and_o which_o be_v so_o strong_o fortify_v and_o so_o manful_o defend_v that_o it_o cost_v they_o three_o month_n before_o they_o can_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o place_n afterward_o they_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o prestatyn_n and_o reduce_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o tegengl_n subject_n to_o prince_n owen_n and_o then_o return_v home_o to_o their_o respective_a dominion_n and_o from_o henceforward_o nothing_o of_o moment_n be_v transact_v during_o the_o remainder_n of_o prince_n owen_n reign_n a.d._n 1167_o only_a his_o son_n conan_n most_o unmerciful_o slay_v vrgeney_n abbot_n of_o lhwythlawr_n together_o with_o his_o nephew_n lhawthen_n but_o a_o little_a after_o prince_n rhys_n of_o south-wales_n a.d._n 1168_o release_v out_o of_o prison_n his_o nephew_n robert_n son_n to_o stephen_n constable_n who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o he_o have_v take_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calgarran_n castle_n and_o send_v he_o to_o ireland_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o dermot_n the_o son_n of_o murchart_n king_n of_o linster_n who_o be_v then_o in_o actual_a war_n with_o the_o king_n of_o leimster_n with_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n morris_n fitz-gerald_n and_o their_o nephew_n robert_n meyler_n and_o raymond_n go_v over_o a_o strong_a detachment_n of_o welshman_n under_o the_o command_n of_o richard_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigule_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a motive_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n when_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n a.d._n 1169_o but_o the_o next_o year_n owen_n gwynedh_n son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o two_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o a_o valorous_a prince_n ever_o fortunate_a and_o victorious_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n insomuch_o as_o he_o never_o undertake_v any_o design_n but_o what_o he_o accomplish_v he_o have_v by_o different_a woman_n several_a issue_n who_o get_v themselves_o great_a esteem_n
for_o some_o time_n make_v a_o vigorous_a defence_n but_o have_v no_o hope_n of_o any_o relief_n they_o think_v it_o their_o wise_a course_n to_o capitulate_v and_o so_o they_o desire_v they_o may_v march_v out_o with_o their_o arm_n bag_n and_o baggage_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o they_o which_o be_v grant_v they_o about_o this_o time_n likewise_o gwenwynwyn_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n who_o the_o king_n have_v hitherto_o detain_v prisoner_n and_o withal_o lend_v he_o some_o force_n to_o attempt_v the_o recovery_n of_o his_o country_n which_o prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v seize_v upon_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n and_o though_o by_o his_o own_o strength_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o cope_v with_o the_o prince_n yet_o by_o this_o assistance_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o king_n he_o soon_o re-possessâ—d_a himself_o of_o his_o dominion_n this_o success_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n encourage_v maelgon_v likewise_o to_o endeavour_v the_o recovery_n of_o that_o part_n of_o his_o country_n which_o the_o prince_n have_v take_v from_o he_o in_o the_o same_o expedition_n now_o he_o make_v his_o application_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o hereupon_o the_o king_n grant_v he_o a_o considerable_a army_n as_o well_o english_a as_o norman_n to_o these_o he_o join_v what_o force_v he_o can_v raise_v in_o wales_n and_o then_o contrary_a to_o the_o oath_n and_o agreement_n he_o have_v make_v with_o his_o nephew_n rhys_n and_o owen_n he_o in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n enter_v their_o country_n when_o he_o be_v come_v to_o cantre_v penwedic_n he_o encamp_v at_o cilcenny_n where_o he_o stay_v some_o time_n to_o take_v measure_n for_o the_o better_a accomplishment_n of_o his_o design_n by_o this_o time_n his_o nephew_n have_v get_v together_o about_o 300_o choose_v well_o discipline_v man_n but_o with_o so_o small_a a_o number_n dare_v not_o oppose_v their_o uncle_n numerous_a army_n in_o open_a field_n therefore_o they_o be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o overthrow_v those_o by_o a_o stratagem_n which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v by_o main_a force_n herein_o they_o prove_v very_o successful_a for_o come_v as_o near_o their_o enemy_n as_o they_o can_v without_o be_v discover_v they_o send_v out_o their_o spy_n that_o night_n for_o intelligence_n who_o bring_v back_o the_o good_a news_n that_o all_o be_v quiet_a in_o maelgon_n camp_n and_o that_o they_o keep_v no_o strict_a watch_n be_v not_o aware_a of_o a_o approach_a enemy_n this_o intelligence_n mighty_o encourage_v the_o brother_n to_o prosecute_v their_o design_n and_o now_o they_o march_v as_o silent_o as_o they_o can_v towards_o their_o enemy_n camp_n where_o they_o meet_v with_o no_o opposition_n be_v not_o discover_v because_o all_o be_v fast_o asleep_a when_o they_o be_v advance_v as_o they_o think_v as_o far_o as_o maelgon_n tent_n they_o furious_o fall_v on_o and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o man_n afore_o they_o awake_v the_o rest_n be_v frighten_v with_o the_o noise_n and_o shout_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o withal_o think_v their_o number_n to_o be_v far_o great_a than_o it_o be_v be_v glad_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n to_o quit_v the_o field_n only_a maelgon_n guard_n valiant_o keep_v their_o post_n and_o defend_v their_o lord_n till_o he_o have_v time_n and_o opportunity_n to_o escape_v but_o maelgon_n army_n suffer_v very_o much_o in_o this_o action_n his_o nephew_n conan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n with_o his_o chief_a counsellor_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n be_v both_o take_v prisoner_n and_o eineon_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n with_o a_o great_a number_n more_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n about_o the_o same_o time_n gilbert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o buelht_n where_o a_o little_a before_o he_o have_v lose_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o his_o man_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o place_n be_v not_o very_o strong_a and_o tenable_a and_o towards_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o year_n mallt_n or_o maud_n de_fw-fr bruce_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n depart_v this_o life_n and_o be_v inter_v by_o her_o husband_n in_o a_o monk_n coul_n in_o ystratflur_n but_o the_o follow_a year_n a_o great_a storm_n threaten_v a.d._n 1210_o north-wales_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o marcher_n make_v frequent_a and_o grievous_a complaint_n to_o king_n john_n how_o that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n perpetual_o molest_v their_o country_n slay_v their_o man_n and_o commit_v all_o the_o waste_n and_o destruction_n possible_a as_o he_o pass_v along_o the_o king_n hear_v of_o such_o intolerable_a depredation_n continual_o exercise_v by_o the_o north-wales_n man_n think_v it_o high_a time_n to_o redress_v his_o subject_n and_o therefore_o he_o raise_v a_o mighty_a army_n throughout_o all_o england_n and_o call_v to_o he_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o prince_n of_o wales_n as_o hold_v their_o land_n and_o patent_n from_o he_o as_o howel_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi who_o prince_n lhewelyn_n have_v banish_v out_o of_o north-wales_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n chirke_n and_o yale_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n maelgon_n and_o rhys_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n rhys_n and_o governor_n of_o south_n wales_n with_o this_o formidable_a army_n he_o come_v to_o chester_n intend_v to_o enter_v into_o north-wales_n by_o that_o way_n and_o be_v full_o resolve_v to_o execute_v the_o severe_a vengeance_n upon_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o not_o to_o let_v one_o live_a soul_n remain_v alive_a throughout_o the_o whole_a country_n but_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v easy_o resolve_v upon_o than_o accomplish_v prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v no_o soon_o inform_v of_o these_o mighty_a preparation_n against_o he_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a strength_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o what_o be_v worst_a of_o all_o be_v assist_v by_o his_o own_o countryman_n but_o he_o issue_v forth_o his_o order_n command_v all_o his_o subject_n of_o the_o inland_n county_n of_o denbigh_n and_o flint_n together_o with_o they_o of_o the_o island_n of_o anglesey_n to_o remove_v for_o a_o time_n all_o their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n to_o snowden-hill_n where_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o remain_v secure_a from_o their_o enemy_n but_o king_n john_n march_v his_o army_n along_o the_o sea-coast_n to_o ruthlan_n and_o there_o pass_v the_o river_n clwyd_n he_o come_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o teganwy_n where_o he_o encamp_v for_o some_o time_n to_o refresh_v and_o recreate_v his_o army_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o long_a march_n they_o make_v be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n weary_a and_o fatigued_a but_o what_o the_o more_o augment_v their_o misery_n lhewelyn_n get_v behind_o they_o cut_v off_o all_o their_o hope_n of_o provision_n from_o england_n and_o the_o welsh_a by_o the_o advantage_n of_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o strait_n and_o narrow_a passage_n cut_v off_o all_o that_o straggle_v from_o the_o english_a camp_n so_o that_o in_o time_n they_o be_v glad_a to_o take_v up_o with_o horseflesh_n and_o any_o thing_n be_v it_o never_o so_o mean_a which_o may_v till_o up_o their_o greedy_a and_o empty_a stomach_n at_o last_o king_n john_n find_v no_o other_o remedy_n and_o perceive_v it_o impossible_a to_o continue_v long_o there_o so_o hungry_a and_o fainty_a think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o march_v for_o england_n and_o leave_v the_o welsh_a to_o themselves_o and_o so_o he_o decamp_v in_o a_o great_a fury_n leave_v lhewelyn_n to_o bury_v that_o great_a number_n of_o dead_a which_o have_v starve_v in_o this_o successless_a expedition_n but_o to_o recover_v the_o honour_n he_o have_v now_o lose_v he_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v another_o touch_n with_o the_o welsh_a but_o possible_o not_o with_o the_o same_o confidence_n and_o assurance_n of_o victory_n and_o therefore_o return_v to_o wales_n in_o the_o next_o august_n he_o enter_v with_o such_o another_o terrible_a army_n of_o english_a and_o be_v assist_v by_o the_o same_o welsh_a lord_n at_o blanchmonastery_n now_o oswestry_n be_v in_o the_o lordship_n of_o john_n the_o son_n of_o william_n fitzalan_n in_o this_o expedition_n king_n john_n pass_v the_o river_n conwey_n and_o encamp_v at_o the_o other_o side_n towards_o snowden-hill_n send_v part_n of_o his_o army_n conduct_v by_o guide_n who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o country_n to_o burn_v bangor_n which_o they_o effectual_o do_v and_o take_v roâ—pert_a bishop_n of_o that_o see_v out_o of_o church_n they_o carry_v he_o prisoner_n to_o the_o english_a camp_n where_o he_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n till_o he_o obtain_v his_o ransom_n for_o a_o present_a of_o two_o hundred_o hawk_n but_o prince_n lhewelyn_n find_v the_o whole_a strength_n of_o england_n and_o almost_o wales_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o and_o judge_v it_o impossible_a for_o himself_o alone_o to_o
inveterate_a enmity_n to_o the_o welsh_a and_o upon_o who_o account_n king_n henry_n have_v chief_o bring_v his_o army_n into_o wales_n he_o be_v succeed_v both_o in_o his_o title_n and_o estate_n by_o his_o brother_n richard_n who_o be_v much_o more_o favourable_o incline_v towards_o the_o welsh_a and_o never_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v resolve_v to_o retrieve_v the_o honour_n he_o have_v lose_v in_o the_o late_a expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o therefore_o be_v return_v from_o france_n whither_o he_o have_v make_v a_o descent_n to_o recover_v what_o his_o father_n have_v lose_v in_o that_o kingdom_n he_o come_v to_o wales_n and_o have_v remain_v some_o time_n in_o the_o march_n he_o return_v again_o to_o england_n leave_v his_o army_n under_o the_o command_n of_o hubert_n burgh_n earl_n of_o kent_n to_o defend_v the_o march_n against_o any_o inroad_n which_o the_o welsh_a may_v attempt_v and_o he_o have_v not_o remain_v there_o long_o when_o he_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o a_o party_n of_o welch_n have_v enter_v the_o march_n near_o montgomery_n who_o he_o forthwith_o pursue_v and_o set_v upon_o they_o surprize_o he_o put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o to_o the_o sword_n prince_n lhewylyn_n hear_v this_o come_v in_o person_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o the_o march_n and_o fit_v before_o montgomery_n castle_n he_o force_v hubert_n to_o withdraw_v and_o then_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o place_n he_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o put_v the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n the_o like_a fate_n attend_v the_o castle_n of_o radnor_n aberhondhy_n rhayadr_n gwy_n caerlheon_n neth_n and_o cydwe_o though_o caerlheon_n hold_v out_o very_o stubborn_o and_o the_o prince_n have_v several_a of_o his_o man_n destroy_v before_o the_o place_n king_n henry_n be_v inform_v of_o what_o miserable_a desolation_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n so_o successful_o commit_v upon_o his_o subject_n in_o these_o country_n have_v he_o present_o excommunicate_v and_o then_o come_v to_o hereford_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n he_o detach_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o nobility_n to_o wales_n these_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o friar_n of_o cymer_n unexpected_o as_o they_o think_v fall_v upon_o a_o party_n of_o welsh_a who_o at_o the_o first_o encounter_n seem_v to_o fly_v till_o they_o have_v allure_v the_o english_a to_o pursue_v they_o to_o a_o place_n where_o a_o great_a party_n of_o welch_n lie_v in_o ambuscade_n who_o rush_v of_o a_o sudden_a upon_o the_o english_a put_v they_o in_o such_o a_o confusion_n that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o be_v cut_v off_o the_o king_n be_v sensible_a that_o this_o be_v a_o treacherous_a insinuation_n of_o the_o friar_n be_v resolve_v to_o be_v revenge_v by_o burn_v the_o abbey_n of_o cymer_n but_o the_o prior_n for_o three_o hundred_o mark_n prevent_v it_o and_o so_o the_o king_n return_v to_o england_n have_v effect_v nothing_o in_o this_o expedition_n beside_o the_o build_n of_o maud_n castle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n maelgon_n son_n of_o maelgon_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n lay_v siege_n to_o aberteifi_n and_o have_v by_o force_n get_v entry_n into_o the_o town_n he_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n then_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o to_o the_o castle_n gate_n which_o be_v so_o strong_o fortify_v that_o it_o seem_v almost_o impracticable_a to_o take_v it_o in_o any_o short_a time_n but_o maelgon_n be_v join_v by_o his_o cousin_n owen_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhy_n son_n be_v resolve_v to_o try_v the_o utmost_a that_o can_v be_v effect_v and_o therefore_o take_v with_o he_o some_o of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n most_o experience_a officer_n â—e_z break_v down_o the_o bridge_n upon_o the_o river_n teifi_n and_o â—hen_o invest_v the_o castle_n more_o close_o he_o so_o batter_a â—nd_n undermine_v it_o that_o he_o become_v in_o a_o little_a time_n master_n of_o it_o the_o year_n follow_v prince_n lhewelyn_n make_v a_o descent_n a.d._n 1232_o upon_o england_n and_o have_v commit_v very_o considerable_a waste_n and_o destruction_n upon_o the_o border_n he_o return_v to_o north-wales_n with_o a_o rich_a booty_n both_o of_o man_n and_o cattle_n king_n henry_n to_o correct_v the_o welsh_a for_o these_o grievous_a devastation_n and_o to_o prevent_v their_o further_a incursion_n into_o england_n demand_v a_o very_a great_a subsidy_n of_o his_o subject_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o welsh_a which_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n for_o his_o expedition_n to_o wales_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n randulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n die_v and_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o honour_n by_o john_n his_o sister_n son_n who_o be_v afterward_o marry_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n daughter_n but_o the_o english_a in_o wales_n be_v in_o expectation_n of_o king_n henry_n come_n thither_o begin_v to_o repair_v and_o fortify_v their_o castle_n and_o particular_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n rebuilt_a radnor_n castle_n a.d._n 1233_o which_o the_o prince_n have_v late_o destroy_v prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v sufficient_o sensible_a that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n intend_v a_o invasion_n and_o therefore_o to_o be_v beforehand_o with_o he_o he_o come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o brecknock_n destroy_v all_o the_o town_n and_o castle_n throughout_o the_o country_n except_v brecknock_n castle_n which_o hold_v out_o so_o manful_o that_o after_o a_o month_n sit_v before_o it_o he_o be_v at_o last_o constrain_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n in_o his_o return_n to_o north-wales_n he_o burn_v the_o town_n of_o clûn_n recoverâ—â—_n all_o that_o country_n call_v dyffryn_n tefeidiat_a in_o the_o possession_n of_o john_n fitz-alan_n destroy_v red_a castle_n in_o powy_n and_o burn_v oswestry_n but_o what_o happen_v very_o fortunate_o to_o the_o welsh_a richard_n marshal_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n be_v fall_v at_o variance_n with_o king_n henry_n take_v part_n with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n with_o who_o join_v hubert_n de_fw-fr burgh_n who_o have_v late_o make_v his_o escape_n out_o of_o the_o castle_n of_o devizes_n where_o the_o king_n upon_o some_o article_n of_o information_n bring_v against_o he_o have_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n attend_v by_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n come_v to_o s._n david_n and_o be_v very_o glad_a of_o a_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o king_n slay_v every_o one_o thaâ—_n own_v any_o dependence_n upon_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n maelgon_n and_o rhys_n gryc_a with_o all_o the_o force_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n quick_o join_v the_o earl_n who_o in_o their_o march_n through_o the_o country_n take_v the_o castle_n of_o caâ—dyff_fw-mi abergevenny_n pencelhy_n blaenlhefyni_n and_o bwlch_n y_fw-fr ddinas_fw-la which_o all_o except_v cardyff_fw-mi they_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o king_n receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n have_v enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o that_o he_o be_v now_o iâ—_n open_a hostility_n against_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o country_n gather_v a_o very_a formidable_a army_n consist_v beside_o english_a of_o fleming_n norman_n and_o gascoign_n and_o come_v to_o wales_n he_o encamp_v at_o grosmont_n where_o the_o earl_n with_o the_o welsh_a army_n meet_v he_o but_o when_o the_o english_a will_v have_v endeavour_v to_o advance_v further_o into_o the_o country_n the_o welsh_a oppose_v they_o and_o so_o a_o battle_n ensue_v wherein_o the_o english_a lose_v five_o hundred_o horse_n beside_o a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o their_o infantry_n the_o welsh_a have_v gain_v a_o considerable_a victory_n in_o this_o action_n the_o king_n be_v advise_v to_o withdraw_v his_o force_n for_o fear_v lest_o that_o the_o welsh_a shall_v again_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o so_o sustain_v a_o great_a loss_n which_o counsel_n the_o king_n willing_o hearken_v unto_o and_o so_o he_o return_v for_o england_n the_o english_a be_v withdraw_v the_o earl_n likewise_o decamp_v and_o march_v to_o caermardhyn_n which_o he_o besiege_v but_o after_o three_o month_n in_o vain_a assault_n the_o garrison_n most_o brave_o defend_v the_o place_n and_o the_o english_a fleet_n have_v throw_v in_o new_a provision_n he_o think_v it_o most_o adviseable_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n short_o after_o rhys_n gryc_a son_n to_o prince_n rhys_n die_v at_o lhandeilo_n fawr_n and_o be_v honourable_o inter_v by_o his_o father_n at_o s._n david_n about_o the_o same_o time_n maelgon_n fychan_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n his_o son_n finish_v trefilan_n castle_n which_o be_v begin_v in_o his_o father_n time_n a.d._n 1234_o king_n henry_n be_v not_o willing_a to_o hazard_v any_o more_o campaign_n in_o wales_n and_o therefore_o he_o appoint_v john_n of_o monmouth_n a_o great_a soldier_n and_o general_n of_o the_o english_a force_n
do_v not_o last_v long_o the_o english_a governor_n in_o the_o march_n and_o inland_n â—_z of_o wales_n presume_v upon_o the_o prince_n submission_n to_o the_o king_n grievous_o oppress_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n with_o new_a and_o unheard_a of_o 〈◊〉_d action_n and_o with_o intolerable_a partiality_n open_o encourage_v the_o english_a to_o defraud_v and_o oppress_v tâ—â—_n welch_n these_o insupportable_a practice_n move_v tâ—â—_n welch_n to_o go_v in_o a_o body_n to_o david_n lord_n of_o denbigâ—_n to_o endeavour_v a_o reconciliation_n between_o he_o and_o 〈◊〉_d brother_n the_o prince_n that_o they_o both_o be_v at_o unity_n may_v easy_o deliver_v themselves_o and_o their_o country_n from_o the_o unmerciful_a tyranny_n of_o the_o english_a david_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o misery_n of_o his_o countryman_n a.d._n 1281_o and_o therefore_o glad_o submit_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o his_o brother_n with_o promise_n never_o to_o side_n again_o with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o to_o become_v his_o 〈◊〉_d enemy_n this_o happy_a union_n be_v thus_o effect_v david_n be_v choose_v general_n of_o the_o army_n with_o which_o he_o present_o march_v to_o hawarden_n and_o surprise_v the_o castle_n slay_v all_o that_o oppose_v he_o and_o take_v rogeâ—_n clifford_n prisoner_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o king_n edward_n justitiar_n into_o those_o part_n from_o thence_o be_v join_v by_o the_o prince_n he_o pass_v to_o ruthlan_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o upon_o notice_n give_v that_o the_o king_n be_v march_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n he_o think_v convenient_a to_o withdraw_v and_o to_o retire_v back_o at_o the_o same_o time_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi maelgon_n and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o other_o lord_n of_o south-wales_n take_v from_o the_o english_a the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n with_o divers_a other_o in_o that_o country_n and_o spoil_v all_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o who_o own_a subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n john_n peckham_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n perceive_v how_o matter_n be_v like_a to_o proceed_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n and_o how_o the_o kingdom_n be_v effectual_o involve_v in_o a_o war_n of_o his_o own_o proper_a motion_n come_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o endeavour_v a_o re-submission_n from_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n david_n to_o king_n edward_n and_o so_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o any_o far_a hostility_n but_o he_o send_v beforehand_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n intimate_v to_o they_o that_o for_o the_o love_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o welsh_a nation_n he_o undertake_v this_o arbitration_n without_o the_o knowledge_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o king_n be_v like_n and_o therefore_o earnest_o desire_v that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o english_a which_o himself_o will_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v to_o pass_v and_o because_o he_o can_v make_v no_o long_a continuance_n in_o those_o part_n he_o wish_v they_o to_o consider_v how_o that_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o depart_v before_o any_o thing_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o conclusion_n they_o can_v hardly_o find_v another_o who_o will_v so_o hearty_o espouse_v their_o cause_n and_o far_o threaten_v that_o in_o case_n they_o contemn_v and_o deride_v his_o endeavour_n he_o will_v not_o only_o instigate_v the_o english_a army_n now_o great_o strengthen_v and_o increase_v to_o fall_v upon_o they_o but_o also_o signify_v their_o stubbornness_n to_o the_o court_n and_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o esteem_v and_o honour_a england_n beyond_o any_o other_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n moreover_o he_o much_o lament_v to_o hear_v of_o the_o excessive_a cruelty_n of_o the_o welsh_a even_o beyond_o that_o of_o the_o saracen_n and_o other_o infidel_n who_o never_o refuse_v to_o permit_v slave_n and_o captive_n to_o be_v ransom_v which_o the_o welsh_a be_v so_o far_o from_o practise_v that_o even_o some_o time_n they_o slay_v those_o for_o who_o redemption_n they_o receive_v money_n and_o whereas_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o esteem_v and_o reverence_v holy_a and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n they_o be_v now_o so_o far_o degenerate_v from_o devotion_n and_o sanctity_n that_o nothing_o be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o they_o than_o war_n and_o sedition_n which_o they_o have_v now_o great_a need_n to_o forsake_v and_o repent_v of_o last_o he_o propose_v that_o they_o will_v signify_v to_o he_o wherein_z and_o what_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o they_o be_v violate_v by_o the_o english_a and_o by_o what_o mean_v a_o firm_a and_o a_o last_a peace_n may_v be_v establish_v which_o if_o they_o reject_v they_o must_v expect_v to_o incur_v the_o decree_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n as_o well_o as_o endure_v the_o violent_a inroad_n and_o depredation_n of_o a_o powerful_a army_n to_o these_o partly_o admonition_n and_o partly_o threaten_n of_o the_o archbishop_n prince_n lhewelyn_n return_v a_o answer_n that_o he_o humble_o thank_v his_o grace_n for_o the_o pain_n and_o trouble_v he_o undertake_v in_o his_o and_o his_o subject_n behalf_n and_o more_o particular_o because_o he_o will_v venture_v to_o come_v to_o wales_n contrary_a to_o the_o pleasure_n and_o good_a like_n of_o the_o king_n and_o as_o for_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o he_o will_v not_o have_v his_o grace_n be_v ignorant_a that_o with_o all_o readiness_n he_o be_v willing_a to_o submit_v to_o it_o upon_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n will_v due_o and_o sincere_o observe_v the_o same_o and_o though_o he_o will_v be_v glad_a of_o his_o long_a a.d._n 1201_o continuance_n in_o wales_n yet_o he_o hope_v that_o no_o obstruction_n will_v happen_v of_o his_o side_n why_o a_o peace_n which_o of_o all_o thing_n he_o most_o desire_a may_v not_o be_v forthwith_o conclude_v and_o rather_o by_o his_o grace_n procure_v than_o any_o other_o so_o that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o far_o need_v of_o acquaint_v the_o pope_n with_o his_o obstinacy_n nor_o move_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o use_v any_o force_n against_o he_o and_o though_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o immediate_a protection_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n yet_o when_o his_o holiness_n come_v to_o understand_v of_o the_o great_a and_o unsufferable_a wrong_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o english_a how_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n be_v break_v church_n and_o all_o other_o religious_a house_n in_o wales_n be_v burn_v down_o and_o destroy_v and_o religious_a person_n unchristian_o murder_v he_o hope_v he_o will_v rather_o pity_v and_o lament_v his_o condition_n than_o with_o addition_n of_o punishment_n increase_v and_o augment_v his_o sorrow_n neither_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v any_o wise_a disquiet_v and_o molest_v by_o his_o mean_n in_o case_n the_o peace_n be_v religious_o observe_v towards_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n but_o who_o they_o be_v that_o delight_n themselves_o with_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n manifest_o appear_v by_o their_o action_n and_o behaviour_n the_o weâ—ch_n be_v glad_a to_o live_v quiet_o upon_o their_o own_o if_o they_o may_v be_v permit_v by_o the_o english_a who_o come_v to_o the_o country_n utter_o destroy_v whatever_o come_v in_o their_o way_n without_o regard_n either_o to_o sex_n age_n or_o religious_a place_n but_o he_o be_v extreme_a sorry_a that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v slay_v have_v pay_v his_o râ—â—â—â—â—_n the_o author_n of_o which_o unworthy_a action_n he_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o maintain_v but_o will_v inflict_v upon_o he_o his_o condign_a punishment_n in_o case_n he_o can_v be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o desert_n where_o as_o a_o outlaw_n â—he_n live_v undiscovered_a but_o as_o to_o commence_v a_o war_n in_o a_o season_n inconvenient_a he_o protest_v he_o know_v nothing_o of_o that_o till_o now_o yet_o those_o that_o do_v so_o do_v solemn_o attest_v that_o to_o be_v the_o only_a measure_n they_o have_v to_o save_v themselves_o and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o security_n for_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n than_o to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o arms._n concern_v his_o sin_n and_o trespass_n against_o god_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o grace_n he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o repent_v of_o neither_o shall_v the_o war_n be_v willing_o continue_v by_o he_o in_o case_n he_o may_v save_v himself_o harmless_a but_o before_o he_o will_v be_v unjust_o dispossess_v of_o his_o legal_a propriety_n he_o think_v it_o but_o reasonable_a by_o all_o possible_a measure_n to_o defend_v himself_o and_o he_o be_v very_o willing_a upon_o due_a examination_n of_o the_o trespass_n commit_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n and_o retribution_n of_o all_o wrong_n commit_v by_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n so_o that_o the_o english_a will_v observe_v the_o same_o of_o their_o side_n and_o likewise_o be_v ready_a to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n which_o he_o think_v be_v impossible_a
the_o battle_n of_o kettell_n his_o son_n roderic_n surname_v the_o great_a without_o any_o opposition_n or_o contest_v succeed_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n the_o first_o thing_n he_o effect_v after_o his_o advancement_n to_o â—he_n crown_n be_v the_o divide_n of_o wales_n into_o several_a province_n which_o he_o distinguish_v into_o these_o three_o aberffraw_n dinevowr_n and_o mathraval_n berthred_a king_n â—f_n mercia_n be_v animate_v by_o his_o late_a success_n against_o merfyn_n frych_n purpose_v to_o perform_v the_o like_a exploit_n â—gainst_a his_o son_n roderic_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o aid_n â—nd_v assistance_n of_o king_n ethelwulph_n he_o enter_v north_n wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o anglesey_n which_o he_o cruel_o and_o miserable_o destroy_v roderic_n meet_v he_o several_a time_n and_o the_o welsh_a do_v at_o length_n so_o gall_n and_o torment_v he_o that_o in_o fine_a he_o have_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o boast_v of_o only_a meyric_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a prince_n among_o the_o britain_n be_v slay_v but_o he_o be_v soon_o force_v to_o quit_v his_o expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o to_o convert_v his_o force_n another_o way_n his_o own_o dominion_n require_v their_o constant_a residence_n be_v severe_o threaten_v by_o a_o foreign_a invasion_n a.d._n 846_o for_o the_o dane_n be_v by_o this_o time_n grow_v so_o very_o powerful_a that_o they_o overran_a a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n fight_v with_o athelstan_n king_n of_o kent_n brother_n to_o ethelwulph_n and_o obtain_v so_o much_o conquest_n that_o whereas_o before_o they_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n when_o the_o wether_n grow_v too_o cold_a for_o action_n they_o now_o take_v up_o their_o winter-quarter_n in_o england_n the_o welsh_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v secure_a from_o any_o violence_n which_o may_v otherwise_o be_v expect_v from_o the_o english_a begin_v to_o quarrel_n and_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wâ—ntland_n for_o what_o occasion_n not_o know_v fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o meâ—_n of_o brecknock_n who_o be_v so_o resolute_a as_o to_o fight_v he_o and_o the_o event_n prove_v very_o unfortunate_a to_o ithel_n whâ—_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n it_o be_v the_o unhappiness_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v govern_v by_o several_a petty_a state_n when_o it_o be_v apprehensive_a of_o no_o danger_n from_o a_o outward_a enemy_n that_o it_o will_v fall_v at_o variance_n and_o create_v disturbance_n among_o itself_o have_v the_o britain_n instead_o of_o fall_v upon_o one_o another_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o this_o opportunity_n wheâ—_n the_o saxon_n be_v altogether_o employ_v in_o oppose_v and_o repel_v the_o dane_n to_o increase_v and_o strengthen_v their_o number_n and_o to_o fortify_v their_o town_n they_o may_v aâ—_n lest_o secure_o have_v possess_v their_o own_o dominion_n 〈◊〉_d not_o extend_v their_o government_n to_o a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n but_o a_o sort_n of_o a_o equality_n in_o power_n beget_v aâ—_n emulation_n between_o the_o several_a prince_n and_o this_o emulation_n for_o the_o most_o part_n end_v in_o blow_n and_o contention_n so_o that_o instead_o of_o strengthen_v themselves_o whilst_o they_o have_v respite_n from_o the_o english_a they_o rather_o weaken_v their_o power_n by_o inward_a difference_n kongen_fw-mi king_n of_o powy_n be_v go_v to_o rome_n there_o to_o a.d._n 854_o â—end_n his_o day_n peaceable_o and_o religious_o but_o his_o death_n do_v not_o prove_v so_o natural_a as_o he_o expect_v be_v barbarous_o slay_v or_o as_o some_o say_v choke_v by_o his_o own_o servant_n short_o after_o die_v cemoyth_fw-mi king_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o jonathan_n lord_n of_o abergeley_n it_o be_v now_o become_v customary_a for_o prince_n weary_v with_o government_n to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o the_o pope_n willing_o dispense_v with_o the_o resignation_n of_o their_o crown_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o holiness_n seldom_o lose_v by_o it_o king_n ethelwulph_n pay_v very_o dear_a for_o his_o entertainment_n there_o make_v his_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o pay_v the_o peterpence_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o saxon_a genealogist_n bring_v the_o pedigree_n of_o ethelwulph_n for_o several_a succession_n and_o generation_n up_o to_o adam_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o matthew_n of_o westminster_n who_o in_o like_a manner_n derive_v the_o pedigree_n of_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n this_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n of_o most_o nation_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a and_o be_v always_o practise_v by_o they_o who_o family_n be_v any_o thing_n ancient_a and_o honourable_a so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a mistake_n to_o scoff_n at_o and_o deride_v the_o welsh_a because_o they_o keep_v up_o this_o ancient_a and_o laudable_a custom_n berthred_a king_n of_o mercia_n become_v at_o length_n far_o â—oo_o weak_a to_o repel_v the_o daily_a increase_a power_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o so_o numerous_o pour_v upon_o he_o that_o at_o last_o he_o be_v force_v to_o relinquish_v his_o kingdom_n and_o fly_v to_o rome_n where_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o sorrowful_o end_v his_o day_n ethelwulph_n short_o follow_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n athelbald_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o athelbright_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o the_o east-saxons_a ethelwulph_n be_v report_v to_o be_v so_o learned_a and_o devout_a that_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n elect_v he_o in_o his_o youth_n bishop_n of_o that_o see_v which_o function_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o about_o seven_o year_n before_o he_o be_v make_v king_n he_o be_v say_v also_o to_o have_v conquer_a the_o kingdom_n of_o demetia_n or_o south-wales_n which_o together_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o south-saxons_a he_o bestow_v upon_o his_o son_n alfred_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v bring_v a_o thousand_o man_n out_o of_o wales_n to_o winchester_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o brother_n ethelbert_n against_o the_o dane_n athelbald_n succeed_a his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a keep_v his_o mother-in-law_n the_o wife_n of_o ethelwulph_n for_o hiâ—_n concubine_n and_o afterward_o marry_v she_o in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n but_o he_o do_v not_o live_v long_o to_o enjoy_v the_o unnatural_a conjunction_n but_o die_v without_o issâ—_n after_o that_o he_o have_v reign_v eight_o year_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brother_n athelbright_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o dane_n begin_v again_o to_o be_v stir_v themselves_o and_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n of_o winchester_n and_o destroy_v it_o which_o athelbright_n perceive_v after_o a_o long_o fight_v force_v they_o to_o quit_v the_o land_n and_o tâ—_n betake_v themselves_o to_o sea_n again_o but_o the_o dane_n quick_o return_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n where_o they_o remain_v for_o that_o winter_n do_v much_o mischief_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o destroy_v all_o place_n near_o the_o shoaâ—_n of_o england_n the_o english_a be_v very_o glad_a that_o they_o dare_v venture_v no_o further_o and_o the_o more_o because_o the_o welsh_a begin_v again_o to_o be_v troublesome_a against_o whoâ—_n a_o army_n must_v be_v speedy_o dispatch_v otherwise_o they_o will_v certain_o advance_v to_o the_o english_a country_n both_o army_n meet_v at_o greythen_n where_o a_o fierce_a battle_n be_v fight_v and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v on_o either_o side_n but_o the_o victory_n be_v not_o plain_o discoverable_a bâ—â—_n the_o welch_n not_o long_o after_o receive_v a_o considerable_a loâ—_n by_o the_o death_n of_o conan_n nâ—rit_fw-fr nifer_n a_o stout_a and_o skilful_a commander_n who_o oftentimes_o have_v valiant_o repulse_v the_o english_a force_n and_o obtain_v many_o signâ—â—_n victory_n over_o they_o the_o dane_n have_v be_v for_o some_o time_n quiet_a be_v â—â—able_a to_o venture_v upon_o any_o considerable_a action_n anâ—_n therefore_o they_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o secure_v only_a whâ—_n they_o have_v already_o win_v and_o to_o expect_v a_o re-inforcement_n from_o their_o own_o country_n this_o be_v quick_o send_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o hungare_n and_o hubâ—â—â—_n who_o land_v in_o england_n with_o a_o very_a considerable_a armâ—_n of_o dane_n king_n athelbright_n whether_o terrify_v with_o a_o dismal_a apprehension_n of_o these_o invader_n or_o otherwise_o be_v indispose_v quick_o afterward_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n leave_v the_o management_n of_o his_o kingdom_n together_o with_o that_o of_o his_o army_n against_o the_o dane_n to_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n the_o dane_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n â—ot_n sure_a foot_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o york_n which_o â—hey_n miserable_o destroy_v kill_v osbright_n and_o elbaâ—wo_n â—wo_z king_n of_o northumberland_n that_o oppose_v they_o â—rom_o hence_o they_o proceed_v and_o overrun_v all_o the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o nottingham_n destroy_v and_o spoil_v all_o before_o they_o and_o then_o return_v back_o to_o york_n â—ut_fw-la have_v once_o taste_v
fight_v withâ—â—_n and_o rahald_v be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n compel_v to_o â—â—swear_v the_o king_n land_n and_o never_o to_o return_v any_o â—ore_o to_o england_n king_n edward_n to_o prevent_v any_o fuâ—â—re_a disturbance_n from_o such_o open_a invader_n cause_v a_o â—â—rong_a army_n to_o be_v quarter_v upon_o the_o south_n side_n of_o â—â—vern_n but_o the_o dane_n for_o all_o he_o can_v do_v enter_v â—â—vice_n into_o his_o country_n once_o at_o werd_n and_o then_o at_o â—ortogan_n but_o be_v both_o time_n overthrow_v by_o the_o â—nglish_fw-fr from_o thence_o they_o depart_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o â—â—epen_v whence_o they_o be_v force_v by_o hunger_n to_o sail_v to_o â—outh_n wales_n intend_v to_o make_v a_o considerable_a prey_n of_o â—hat_n country_n but_o fail_v of_o their_o aim_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o their_o way_n for_o ireland_n but_o the_o next_o year_n a_o party_n of_o dane_n fight_v a_o very_a â—evere_a battle_n with_o the_o kentish-man_n at_o holm_n but_o which_o of_o they_o obtain_v the_o victory_n be_v not_o certain_o â—eported_v about_o the_o same_o time_n anarawd_n prince_n of_o a.d._n 913_o north_n wales_n died_z leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n foel_n and_o elis_n and_o some_o say_v a_o three_o name_v meyric_n edwal_n foel_n after_o the_o death_n of_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n edwal_n foel_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n howel_n dha_n hold_v the_o principality_n of_o southwales_n and_o powis_n at_o what_o time_n a_o terrible_a comet_n appear_v in_o the_o heaven_n the_o same_o year_n the_o city_n of_o chester_n which_o have_v be_v destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n be_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o elfleda_n new_o build_v and_o repair_v as_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o that_o city_n do_v â—â—stifie_v this_o in_o the_o ancient_a copy_n be_v call_v leycestâ—â—_n by_o a_o easy_a mistake_n for_o legecestria_fw-la or_o chester_n callâ—â—_n by_o the_o roman_n legionum_fw-la cestria_fw-la the_o next_o summer_n the_o man_n of_o dublin_n cruel_o destroy_v the_o isle_n 〈◊〉_d anglesey_n and_o soon_o after_o clydawe_n the_o son_n of_o caâ—â—â—_n be_v unnatural_o slay_v by_o his_o brother_n meyric_n about_o tâ—â—_n same_o time_n that_o the_o dane_n receive_v a_o cruel_a overthroâ—â—_n by_o the_o english_a at_o tottenhale_n but_o elfleda_n do_v 〈◊〉_d long_o survive_v the_o rebuild_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n a_o woman_n of_o singular_a virtue_n and_o one_o that_o greaâ—â—â—_n strengthen_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n by_o build_v of_o town_n and_o castle_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o tâ—â—_n danes_n as_o strengat_fw-la and_o bruge_n by_o the_o forest_n 〈◊〉_d morph_n tamworth_n stafford_n edelburgh_n cherenburgâ—_n wadeburgh_n and_o runcofe_n after_o this_o she_o enter_v wâ—â—_n her_o whole_a army_n into_o wales_n wan_a brecknock_n 〈◊〉_d take_v the_o queen_n with_o 33_o of_o her_o man_n prisoner_n which_v in_o welch_n be_v call_v gwaith_n y_o ddinas_fw-la newydh_n 〈◊〉_d the_o battle_n of_o the_o new_a city_n from_o hence_o she_o march_v for_o derby_n which_o she_o take_v from_o the_o dane_n losâ—_n only_o four_o of_o her_o chief_a commander_n in_o the_o action_n the_o occasion_n of_o these_o two_o expedition_n according_a 〈◊〉_d some_o be_v this_o huganus_n lord_n of_o west_n wales_n perceive_v king_n edward_n to_o be_v unavoidable_o busy_a in_o thâ—_n danish_n war_n gather_v a_o army_n of_o britain_n and_o â—â—tring_v into_o england_n destroy_v the_o king_n countâ—â—_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o this_o elfleda_n come_v to_o wales_n witâ—_n a_o great_a army_n fight_v with_o the_o welsh_a at_o breek_n and_o put_v huganus_n to_o flight_n take_v his_o wife_n anâ—_n some_o of_o his_o man_n prisoner_n who_o she_o carry_v wiâ—â—_n she_o to_o mercia_n huganus_n be_v thus_o defeat_v flee_v 〈◊〉_d derby_n and_o be_v there_o kind_o receive_v join_v himself_o with_o the_o king_n enemy_n the_o dane_n elfleda_n be_v certify_v of_o that_o 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by_o s._n peter_n after_o the_o death_n of_o elfleda_n king_n edward_n most_o ungrateful_o disinherit_v her_o daughter_n alfwyen_v and_o entere_v into_o mercia_n seize_v all_o the_o land_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n upon_o pretence_n that_o she_o without_o his_o knowledge_n who_o her_o mother_n have_v appoint_v her_o guardian_n have_v privy_o promise_v and_o contract_a marriage_n with_o reynald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n but_o this_o unâ—ust_n and_o unnatural_a action_n of_o king_n edward_n may_v possible_o bring_v upon_o he_o those_o vehement_a trouble_n which_o present_o ensue_v upon_o it_o for_o leofr_v a_o dane_n â—nd_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o west_n wales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o snowdon_n and_o mind_v to_o bring_v all_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o to_o their_o subjection_n overran_a and_o subdue_v all_o the_o country_n to_o chester_n before_o king_n edward_n be_v certify_v of_o their_o arrival_n whereat_o be_v sore_o offend_v and_o loath_a to_o trouble_v his_o subject_n for_o help_n vow_v that_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n with_o their_o single_a force_n will_v be_v revenge_v upon_o leofred_n and_o gruffydh_n and_o thereupon_o march_v to_o chester_n force_v the_o city_n from_o they_o then_o he_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o too_o battle_n whereof_o he_o and_o his_o son_n ethelstan_n lead_v the_o first_o edmund_z and_o edred_n the_o second_o and_o follow_v they_o so_o close_o that_o he_o overtake_v they_o at_o the_o forest_n of_o walewode_n now_o sherwode_n where_o leofred_n and_o gruffydh_n set_v upon_o they_o so_o fierce_o that_o the_o king_n at_o first_o be_v in_o some_o danger_n until_o athelstane_n step_v in_o and_o wound_v the_o dane_n in_o the_o arm_n in_o that_o manner_n that_o be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o hold_v his_o spear_n the_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o atholstâ—ne_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n edmund_n and_o edred_n encounter_v with_o gruffydh_n slay_v he_o and_o bring_v his_o head_n to_o their_o father_n and_o leofreds_n head_n be_v likewise_o cut_v off_o they_o be_v both_o set_v up_o upon_o the_o town_n of_o chester_n and_o than_o edward_n together_o with_o his_o son_n victorious_o return_v home_o but_o king_n edward_n have_v a.d._n 924_o build_v glademutham_n soon_o after_o this_o die_v at_o farandon_n and_o his_o son_n alfred_n the_o same_o time_n at_o oxford_n and_o be_v both_o bury_v at_o winchester_n edward_n be_v dead_a his_o base_a son_n athelstane_n for_o many_o excellent_a virtue_n appear_v in_o he_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o worthy_a prince_n of_o the_o saxon_a blood_n that_o ever_o reign_v he_o overcome_v cudfryd_n the_o father_n of_o raynald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n at_o york_n and_o be_v invade_v by_o hawlaf_n king_n of_o ireland_n who_o with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o dane_n march_v against_o he_o give_v he_o battle_n at_o brimestbury_n and_o obtain_v a_o very_a notorious_a victory_n king_n hawlaf_n together_o with_o the_o king_n of_o the_o scot_n five_o king_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o norman_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n become_v subject_a to_o he_o which_o none_o of_o his_o predecessor_n a.d._n 933_o ever_o attempt_v sometime_o after_o owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o cardigan_n and_o then_o athelstane_n enter_v with_o his_o army_n into_o wales_n force_v the_o prince_n thereof_o to_o pay_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 20_o l._n in_o gold_n 300_o l._n in_o silver_n and_o 200_o head_n of_o cattle_n which_o notwithstanding_o be_v not_o observe_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n wherein_o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o the_o prince_n of_o aberffraw_n shall_v pay_v no_o more_o to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n than_o 66_o l._n tribute_n and_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o dinefawr_n and_o powis_n shall_v
in_o northumberland_n and_o be_v with_o much_o rejoice_v receive_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o before_o he_o can_v secure_v himself_o in_o the_o government_n he_o be_v shameful_o banish_v the_o country_n and_o so_o the_o northumbrian_n elect_v one_o hircius_n the_o son_n of_o harold_n for_o their_o king_n but_o to_o show_v the_o inconstancy_n of_o a_o unsettled_a multitude_n they_o soon_o grow_v weary_a of_o hircius_n and_o after_o three_o year_n space_n expel_v he_o and_o voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o edred_n who_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v eight_o year_n dye_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n to_o he_o succeed_v edwin_n the_o son_n of_o edmund_n a_o man_n so_o immoderate_o give_v to_o venety_n that_o he_o forcible_o marry_v another_o man_n wife_n for_o which_o and_o other_o irregularity_n his_o subject_n after_o four_o year_n reign_v set_v up_o his_o brother_n edgar_n who_o be_v crown_v in_o his_o stead_n with_o a.d._n 958_o grief_n of_o which_o he_o soon_o end_v his_o day_n the_o summer_n that_o same_o year_n prove_v so_o immoderate_o hot_a that_o it_o cause_v a_o very_a dismal_a plague_n in_o the_o follow_a spring_n which_o sweep_v away_o a_o great_a number_n of_o people_n before_o which_o gwgan_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderie_n die_v at_o this_o time_n jevaf_a and_o jago_n forcible_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o act_v according_a to_o their_o own_o good_a pleasure_n no_o one_o dare_v to_o confront_v or_o resist_v they_o but_o for_o all_o their_o power_n the_o son_n of_o abloio_n king_n of_o ireland_n venture_v to_o land_n in_o anglesey_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhead_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o lhyn_n also_o the_o son_n of_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n destroy_v and_o ravage_v all_o the_o country_n to_o a.d._n 961_o towyn_n where_o they_o be_v intercept_v and_o slay_v about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v meyric_n the_o son_n of_o cadfan_n rytherch_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi owen_n not_o long_o after_o the_o country_n of_o north-wales_n be_v cruel_o a.d._n 965_o waste_v by_o the_o army_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n the_o occasion_n of_o which_o invasion_n be_v the_o nonpayment_n of_o the_o tribute_n that_o the_o king_n of_o aberffraw_n by_o the_o law_n of_o howel_n dha_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o london_n but_o at_o length_n a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v upon_o these_o condition_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n instead_o of_o money_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o tribute_n of_o 300_o wolf_n yearly_a which_o creature_n be_v then_o very_o pernicious_a and_o destructive_a to_o england_n and_o wales_n this_o tribure_n be_v due_o perform_v for_o two_o year_n the_o three_o year_n there_o be_v none_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n so_o that_o afterward_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n become_v exempt_a from_o pay_v any_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n a.d._n 966_o the_o terror_n apprehend_v from_o the_o english_a be_v by_o these_o mean_v vanish_v there_o threaten_v another_o cloud_n from_o ireland_n for_o the_o irish_a be_v animate_v by_o their_o late_a expedition_n land_v again_o in_o anglesey_n and_o have_v slay_v roderic_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n foel_n they_o destroy_v aboffraw_n and_o this_o danger_n be_v over_o jevaf_a and_o a.d._n 967_o â—ago_n who_o have_v joint_o and_o agreeable_o till_o now_o manage_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n â—ha_n begin_v to_o quarrel_n and_o disagree_v among_o themselves_o and_o jago_n have_v forcible_o lay_v hand_n upon_o his_o brother_n 〈◊〉_d confine_v he_o to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n these_o heat_n and_o animosity_n between_o the_o two_o brother_n a.d._n 968_o give_v occasion_n and_o opportunity_n to_o owen_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n to_o carve_v for_o himself_o who_o present_o seize_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o country_n of_o gwyr_n and_o to_o a.d._n 969_o augment_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o welsh_a at_o this_o time_n mactus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o harold_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n entere_v the_o isle_n of_o anglescy_n and_o spoil_v penmon_n king_n edgar_z be_v so_o indulgent_a to_o these_o dane_n that_o he_o permit_v they_o to_o inhabit_v through_o all_o england_n insomuch_o that_o at_o length_n they_o become_v to_o be_v as_o numerous_a â—nd_n as_o strong_a as_o the_o english_a themselves_o and_o fall_v into_o â—uch_n lewd_a course_n of_o debauchery_n and_o such_o horrid_a drink_v that_o very_o great_a mischief_n ensue_v thereupon_o the_o king_n to_o reform_v this_o immoderate_a sottishness_n enact_v a_o law_n that_o very_o one_o shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o so_o stamp_v a_o mark_n upon_o every_o vessel_n how_o â—â—at_a it_o shall_v be_v fill_v but_o harold_n have_v take_v pennon_n a.d._n 970_o make_v subject_n to_o himself_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o however_o he_o do_v not_o keep_v long_o be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o same_o and_o to_o return_v home_o as_o do_v the_o fleet_n of_o king_n alfred_n which_o he_o have_v send_v to_o subdue_v caâ—rlheon_n upon_o vsc_n and_o now_o be_v rid_v of_o the_o a.d._n 971_o english_a and_o dane_n the_o welsh_a begin_v to_o raise_v commotion_n among_o themselves_o jevaf_fw-mi continue_v still_o in_o prison_n a.d._n 972_o to_o rescue_v who_o his_o son_n howel_n raise_v his_o power_n and_o march_v against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n who_o be_v vanquish_v in_o sight_n be_v force_v to_o quit_v the_o country_n to_o â—ave_n himself_o howel_n have_v win_v the_o day_n take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n prisoner_n and_o pull_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n clap_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o in_o a_o woeful_a condition_n he_o short_o die_v leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonafal_n the_o first_o of_o which_o live_v to_o be_v afterward_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o revenge_v upon_o the_o posterity_n of_o howel_n that_o unnatural_a barbarity_n show_v to_o his_o father_n but_o though_o howel_n deliver_v his_o father_n from_o his_o long_a and_o tedious_a imprisonment_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o principality_n for_o whether_o by_o age_n or_o infirmity_n he_o be_v incapable_a howel_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o sole_a government_n of_o wales_n which_o he_o keep_v and_o maintain_v for_o his_o life-time_n but_o afterward_o it_o descend_v to_o his_o brethren_n for_o jevaf_n have_v issue_n beside_o this_o howel_n meyric_n iâ—vaf_n and_o cadwalhan_n all_o three_o man_n of_o great_a repuâ—â—_n and_o esteem_n about_o this_o time_n die_v morgan_n hên_o in_o his_o young_a day_n call_v morgan_z mawr_z be_v a_o hundred_o yearâ—_n old_a have_v live_v fifty_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o hâ—â—_n wife_n elen_n daughter_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a by_o whoâ—_n he_o have_v one_o son_n call_v owen_n morgan_z be_v a_o valiant_a anâ—_n a_o victorious_a prince_n and_o well_o belove_v of_o his_o subject_n 〈◊〉_d but_o sometime_o before_o his_o death_n owen_n the_o son_n oâ—_n prince_n howel_n dha_n lay_v claim_n to_o ystradwy_n and_o eâ—y_n call_v the_o two_o sleeve_n of_o gwent_n vwchcoed_n be_v thâ—_n right_o of_o morgan_n and_o seize_v upon_o they_o to_o his_o owâ—_n use_v but_o the_o matter_n through_o the_o mediation_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n be_v by_o both_o party_n refer_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o edgar_n king_n of_o england_n it_o be_v by_o he_o adjudge_v that_o the_o say_v land_n do_v of_o right_o belong_v to_o morgan_n and_o to_o the_o diocese_n of_o lhandaff_n and_o that_o owen_n ap_fw-mi howel_n dha_n have_v wrongful_o possess_v himself_o of_o they_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o say_a award_n waâ—_n make_v before_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n at_n may_v be_v see_v at_o lhandaff_n in_o a_o old_a manuscript_n call_v y_o cwtta_n cyfarwydd_n 〈◊〉_d forgannwg_n and_o there_o be_v somewhat_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n in_o the_o old_a book_n of_o lhandaff_n only_o the_o mistake_n in_o both_o be_v that_o they_o make_v howel_n dha_n the_o intruder_n into_o the_o say_a land_n who_o have_v be_v dead_a at_o least_o twenty_o year_n before_o king_n edgar_n begin_v his_o reign_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi howel_n after_o that_o he_o have_v expel_v his_o uncle_n jago_n and_o force_v he_o to_o quit_v his_o own_o dominion_n â—â—ok_v upon_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o wales_n in_o â—â—ght_n of_o his_o father_n who_o though_o alive_a yet_o by_o reason_n of_o â—â—s_o year_n be_v willing_a to_o decline_v it_o about_o the_o same_o 〈◊〉_d dwnwalhon_n prince_n of_o stradclwyd_n take_v his_o journey_n for_o rome_n and_o edwalhon_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n â—f_n south-wales_n die_v but_o the_o english_a receive_v a_o â—â—eater_a blow_n by_o the_o death_n of_o king_n edgar_n who_o be_v prince_n of_o
at_o brentford_n and_o come_v to_o kent_n in_o pursuit_n of_o â—nute_n who_o upon_o engage_v be_v so_o shameful_o defeat_v at_o first_o and_o his_o man_n put_v to_o that_o terrible_a flight_n that_o â—ere_z want_v nothing_o of_o a_o full_a and_o absolute_a victory_n â—â—t_v the_o true_a loyalty_n of_o the_o traitor_n edric_n who_o perceive_v the_o victory_n to_o incline_v to_o edmund_n and_o the_o â—anes_n like_v to_o receive_v their_o mortal_a and_o final_a blow_n â—â—yed_v aloud_o flee_v engle_n flee_v engle_n edmund_n be_v dead_a â—nd_v thereupon_o flee_v with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n under_o â—â—s_o command_v leave_v the_o king_n overpower_a with_o â—umber_n by_o this_o desertion_n the_o english_a be_v at_o the_o â—â—st_n overthrow_v and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v among_o â—hom_n be_v duke_n edmund_n duke_n alfric_n duke_n godâ—yn_n and_o vlfkettel_n the_o valiant_a duke_n of_o the_o east-angles_a together_o with_o all_o the_o english_a cavalry_n and_o a_o â—â—eat_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n after_o this_o victory_n cnuteâ—arched_v â—arched_z triumphant_o to_o london_n and_o be_v crown_v king_n but_o edmund_n prepare_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n in_o anâ—ther_n field_n muster_v together_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v â—nd_v meeting_n with_o cnute_n in_o gloucestershire_n intend_v â—o_o give_v he_o battle_n but_o consider_v what_o cruel_a and_o â—nnatural_a bloodshed_n have_v already_o happen_v both_o general_o agree_v to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o tedious_a quarrel_n by_o â—â—ngle_a combat_n and_o the_o place_n be_v appoint_v edmundâ—nd_a â—nd_z cnute_n fall_v to_o it_o very_o vigorous_o till_o at_o last_o cnuteâ—erceiving_v â—erceiving_z it_o impracticable_a to_o vanquish_v a_o man_n of_o iron_n sides_n lay_v down_o his_o weapon_n move_v this_o composition_n to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n fair_o betwixt_o they_o edmund_n be_v not_o displease_v at_o the_o offer_n and_o therefore_o both_o party_n submit_v to_o this_o decision_n that_o 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certify_v of_o the_o fact_n post_v it_o up_o to_o london_n and_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o loud_a acclamation_n come_v to_o cnutâ—_n greet_v he_o as_o sole_a king_n of_o england_n and_o withal_o tell_v he_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o who_o mean_n hâ—â—_n old_a enemy_n king_n edmund_n be_v assassinate_v and_o kill_v at_o oxford_n cnute_n though_o please_v at_o the_o death_n of_o edmund_n be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n than_o to_o commend_v so_o horrible_a a_o deed_n though_o do_v to_o a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o tell_v edric_n that_o he_o will_v without_o faâ—â—_n take_v care_n to_o reward_v he_o as_o his_o desert_n require_v anâ—_n will_v advance_v he_o above_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n which_o be_v quick_o perform_v his_o head_n be_v placeâ—_n upon_o the_o high_a tower_n in_o london_n for_o a_o terror_n 〈◊〉_d such_o villainous_a traitor_n to_o their_o king_n edric_n be_v thus_o deserve_o disappoint_v of_o the_o mighty_a thought_n he_o entertain_v of_o greatness_n upon_o the_o advancement_n of_o king_n cnute_n this_o generous_a dane_n scorn_v his_o basâ—ness_n and_o so_o have_v pay_v he_o a_o traitor_n reward_n cause_v execution_n to_o be_v do_v upon_o all_o edric_n complice_n and_o those_o that_o consent_v to_o the_o base_a murder_n oâ—_n that_o brave_a prince_n king_n edmund_n about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o happen_v no_o small_a disturbance_n a.d._n 1015_o and_o commotion_n in_o wales_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sytsylht_n have_v for_o some_o year_n sit_v still_o and_o quiet_a begin_v now_o to_o bestir_v himself_o and_o have_v draw_v all_o his_o force_n together_o march_v against_o aedan_n who_o forcible_o and_o without_o any_o legal_a pretence_n have_v enter_v upon_o and_o for_o all_o this_o time_n have_v keep_v himself_o in_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n aedan_n will_v not_o easy_o â—eject_v himself_o from_o what_o have_v be_v so_o long_o in_o his_o possession_n to_o maintain_v which_o he_o give_v lhewelyn_n battle_n but_o the_o day_n go_v against_o he_o himself_z with_o his_o four_o son_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n upon_o which_o lheweâ—yn_n without_o any_o regard_n have_v to_o jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n the_o right_a heir_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n and_o authority_n of_o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n his_o pretence_n to_o north-wales_n be_v as_o be_v descend_v from_o traw_v daughter_n to_o elis_n second_o son_n to_o anarawd_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a and_o to_o south_n wales_n as_o have_v marry_v angharad_n the_o only_a daughter_n of_o meredith_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o pretension_n he_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n lhewelyn_n have_v as_o be_v say_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o general_a government_n of_o wales_n manage_v his_o charge_n with_o such_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n that_o the_o country_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v very_o flourish_v and_o prosperous_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n be_v establish_v produce_v plenty_n and_o increase_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o humane_a subsistence_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v â—ay_n any_o claim_n or_o pretence_n to_o either_o of_o the_o principality_n except_v jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n who_o be_v indeed_o lawful_a heir_n of_o north-wales_n but_o either_o too_o weak_a to_o withstand_v or_o unwilling_a to_o disturb_v lhewelyn_n title_n he_o lay_v quiet_a for_o a_o time_n expect_v a_o better_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v his_o right_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cnute_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o all_o england_n marrieâ—_n emma_n the_o widow_n of_o king_n edelred_n and_o for_o the_o better_a secure_v the_o english_a crown_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n he_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o dispatch_v edmund_n and_o edward_n the_o son_n of_o ironside_n out_o of_o the_o way_n but_o lefâ—_n such_o a_o execrable_a fact_n shall_v seem_v too_o black_a to_o be_v do_v in_o england_n he_o send_v the_o two_o youth_n to_o solomâ—n_a king_n of_o hungary_n will_v he_o to_o use_v some_o convenient_a opportunity_n to_o take_v away_o their_o life_n which_o seem_v to_o solomon_n so_o very_o unnatural_a that_o instead_o of_o comply_v with_o cnute_n request_n he_o educate_v and_o bring_v they_o up_o as_o his_o own_o child_n but_o cnute_n imagine_v now_o that_o his_o fear_n be_v over_o and_o his_o busâ—ness_n effectual_o finish_v so_o that_o he_o can_v the_o more_o bold_o demand_v of_o his_o subject_n what_o either_o his_o necessity_n or_o curiosity_n will_v prompt_v he_o to_o and_o reflect_v with_o himself_o what_o excessive_a expense_n he_o have_v be_v at_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n be_v resolve_v that_o the_o english_a shall_v repay_v he_o and_o therefore_o require_v a_o subsidy_n of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o pound_n beside_o eleven_o thousand_o which_o the_o city_n of_o london_n contribute_v the_o same_o time_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o arthfael_n a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o wales_n rebel_v and_o raise_v aâ—_n army_n against_o prince_n lhewelyn_n who_o no_o soon_o appear_v in_o the_o field_n to_o quell_v this_o malcontented_n general_n but_o manful_o slay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o easy_o discomfit_v his_o follower_n the_o same_o time_n cnute_n sail_v over_o into_o denmark_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o vandal_n who_o for_o all_o that_o they_o have_v a_o great_a army_n 〈◊〉_d the_o field_n be_v overcome_v by_o the_o imcomparable_a valour_n of_o earl_n godwyn_n for_o which_o famous_a action_n cnutâ—_n have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n ever_o after_o a.d._n 1020_o but_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n though_o he_o have_v late_o quell_v the_o rebel_n head_v by_o meyric_n be_v now_o to_o encounter_v with_o another_o difficulty_n which_o seem_v to_o threaten_v great_a disturbance_n and_o trouble_n to_o he_o for_o a_o certain_a person_n of_o a_o mean_a quality_n in_o scotland_n come_v to_o south-wales_n assume_v the_o
name_n of_o run_n and_o puâ—_n out_o that_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o meredith_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n to_o who_o join_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o nobility_n who_o have_v no_o great_a affection_n to_o lhewelyn_n and_o proclaim_v run_v prince_n of_o south-wales_n lhewelyn_n be_v then_o in_o north_n wales_n and_o certify_v of_o this_o famous_a impostor_n draw_v his_o army_n together_o march_v to_o meet_v he_o who_o with_o the_o whole_a strength_n of_o south-wales_n then_o lie_v at_o abe_n gwili_fw-la where_o he_o abide_v the_o arrival_n of_o lhewelyn_n when_o both_o army_n be_v ready_a to_o join_v battle_n run_v make_v a_o vaunt_a speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n assure_v they_o of_o victory_n and_o so_o persuade_v they_o courageous_o to_o fall_v on_o private_o himself_o retire_v out_o of_o harm_n way_n there_o one_o may_v have_v observe_v on_o the_o one_o side_n a_o valiant_a army_n under_o a_o cowardly_a general_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n a_o valiant_a and_o a_o noble_a commander_n engage_v with_o a_o slow_a and_o a_o fainthearted_a army_n for_o lhewelyn_n like_o a_o bold_a and_o courageous_a prince_n venture_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n whilst_o run_v private_o sneak_v off_o out_o all_o danger_n and_o the_o south-wales_n man_n be_v more_o fierce_a and_o eager_a in_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o pretender_n than_o the_o north_n wales_n man_n to_o maintain_v the_o quarrel_n of_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o blood_n but_o after_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n the_o north_n wales_n man_n call_v to_o mind_n the_o several_a victory_n they_o have_v obtain_v and_o withal_o be_v in_o a_o very_a great_a measure_n animate_v by_o the_o incomparable_a valour_n of_o their_o prince_n fall_v on_o so_o warm_o that_o they_o put_v their_o enemy_n to_o flight_n and_o pursue_v râ—â—_n so_o close_o that_o notwithstanding_o his_o several_a shift_n he_o be_v at_o last_o overtake_v and_o slay_v lhewelyn_n after_o this_o victory_n return_v lade_v with_o spoil_n into_o north-wales_n and_o for_o some_o time_n live_v peaceable_o and_o without_o disturbance_n but_o the_o next_o year_n howel_n and_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o edâ—yn_n conspire_v against_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o â—aving_a behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n who_o afterward_o though_o not_o immediate_o ascend_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n jago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n after_o the_o death_n of_o lhewelyn_n jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n the_o true_a heir_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n who_o have_v be_v all_o his_o time_n wrongful_o keep_v from_o it_o think_v this_o the_o best_a opportunity_n to_o enter_v upon_o his_o right_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o minority_n of_o gruffydh_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n upon_o which_o pretence_n likewise_o rytherch_v the_o son_n of_o jestyn_n forcible_o assume_v the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n about_o the_o same_o time_n cnute_n king_n of_o england_n sail_v over_o to_o denmark_n and_o sweden_n against_o vlf_n and_o alaf_fw-mi who_o have_v move_v the_o finlander_n against_o he_o who_o he_o subdue_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o army_n as_o well_o english_a as_o dane_n within_o a_o while_n after_o his_o return_n to_o england_n he_o make_v 〈◊〉_d very_o pompous_a and_o magnificent_a journey_n to_o rome_n more_o to_o satisfy_v his_o ambitious_a temper_n and_o to_o signify_v to_o the_o world_n his_o greatness_n and_o may_v which_o he_o express_v by_o his_o costly_a present_n and_o princely_a behaviour_n than_o any_o way_n to_o make_v atonement_n for_o the_o oppression_n and_o bloodshed_n by_o which_o he_o have_v establish_v himself_o in_o his_o kingdom_n for_o what_o holiness_n and_o mortification_n he_o have_v learn_v at_o rome_n present_o appear_v upon_o his_o return_n to_o england_n for_o upon_o no_o provocation_n he_o march_v with_o a_o army_n into_o scotland_n and_o force_v malcolm_n the_o king_n thereof_o together_o with_o molbeaâ—â—_n and_o jermare_n the_o king_n of_o the_o orkner_n and_o ewist_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n a.d._n 1031_o but_o the_o affair_n of_o wales_n be_v at_o this_o time_n very_o turbulent_a and_o uneasy_a for_o howel_n and_o meredith_n after_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n expect_v to_o enjoy_v some_o part_n of_o his_o principality_n themselves_o but_o find_v jago_n to_o have_v seize_v upon_o north-wales_n and_o rytherch_v upon_o south-wales_n and_o withal_o perceive_v their_o own_o power_n too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v their_o design_n they_o invite_v over_o the_o irish-scot_n to_o their_o aid_n against_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestâ—â—_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n by_o the_o help_n of_o these_o howel_n and_o meredith_n prevail_v over_o rytherch_n who_o be_v at_o length_n slay_v they_o joint_o take_v upon_o they_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o south_n wales_n but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a title_n to_o establish_v they_o so_o firm_o in_o it_o that_o their_o usurpation_n will_v not_o be_v call_v in_o question_n for_o a.d._n 1032_o the_o son_n of_o râ—therch_n present_o after_o their_o father_n death_n gather_v their_o force_n together_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o brother_n howel_n and_o meredith_n who_o meet_v at_o irathwy_a where_o a_o cruel_a battle_n be_v fight_v call_v gwaith_n irathwy_a and_o at_o last_o the_o son_n of_o rytherch_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o though_o these_o victory_n the_o one_o over_o rytherch_n and_o the_o second_o over_o his_o son_n seem_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n to_o favour_n howel_n and_o meredith_n pretence_n to_o and_o establishment_n in_o the_o principality_n yet_o so_o unpardonable_a a_o crime_n as_o the_o murder_n of_o â—hewelyn_n a_o prince_n of_o so_o a.d._n 1033_o extraordinary_a quality_n can_v not_o remain_v long_o unrevenged_a for_o the_o son_n of_o conan_n the_o son_n of_o sitsylht_n prince_n lhewelyn_n brother_n be_v resolve_v to_o return_v their_o uncle_n murder_n upon_o the_o two_o usurper_n which_o in_o a_o short_a time_n they_o effect_v against_o meredith_n who_o meet_v with_o the_o same_o end_n from_o the_o son_n of_o conan_n that_o he_o have_v former_o inflict_v upon_o lhewelyn_n but_o these_o civil_a a.d._n 1034_o discord_n in_o wales_n be_v quick_o discover_v by_o the_o english_a who_o take_v advantage_n of_o so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n enter_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o the_o land_n or_o gwent_n where_o after_o they_o have_v commit_v considerable_a waste_v for_o some_o time_n caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n give_v they_o battle_n but_o be_v in_o that_o engagement_n unhappy_o slay_v and_o short_o afterward_o die_v king_n cnute_n a.d._n 1035_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o mighty_a prince_n then_o in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o world_n who_o dominion_n extend_v over_o all_o sweden_n from_o germany_n almost_o to_o the_o north-pole_n together_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n and_o denmark_n and_o the_o noble_a island_n of_o britain_n to_o he_o succeed_v his_o son_n harold_n for_o his_o swiftness_n surname_v harefoot_n beget_v upon_o alwyn_n the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n alselyn_n though_o several_a stickle_v firm_o for_o harâ—â—enute_n his_o other_o son_n by_o emma_n who_o be_v then_o in_o denmark_n but_o harold_n be_v once_o advance_v into_o the_o throne_n take_v care_n to_o establish_v himself_o as_o firm_o as_o he_o can_v in_o it_o and_o to_o that_o end_n think_v it_o expedient_a to_o banish_v out_o of_o his_o dominion_n his_o mother_n in_o law_n emma_n who_o be_v restless_a to_o promote_v the_o interest_n of_o her_o own_o son_n hardycnute_n and_o to_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n a.d._n 1037_o and_o whilst_o harold_n be_v by_o these_o measure_n settle_v in_o his_o throne_n jago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n be_v just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o lose_v his_o principality_n of_o north_n wales_n for_o gruffydh_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n have_v once_o hint_v a_o rebellion_n against_o jago_n be_v so_o general_o encourage_v and_o universal_o follow_v by_o all_o people_n for_o the_o love_n they_o bear_v to_o his_o father_n that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n his_o army_n mount_v to_o a_o invincible_a number_n however_o jago_n be_v not_o so_o thorough_o affright_v that_o he_o will_v deliver_v up_o his_o principality_n without_o draw_v sword_n for_o it_o but_o provide_v for_o himself_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v and_o draw_v together_o what_o force_v he_o be_v able_a he_o give_v gruffydh_n battle_n but_o his_o number_n be_v far_o too_o weak_a to_o oppose_v so_o great_a a_o army_n as_o side_v with_o gruffydh_n be_v present_o overpower_a and_o put_v to_o the_o rout_n and_o himself_o slay_v leave_v after_o he_o a_o son_n call_v conan_n by_o his_o wife_n afandr_v daughter_n to_o gweir_n the_o son_n of_o pylh._n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n iago_n ap_fw-mi edwal_n be_v kill_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n be_v receive_v
son_n harold_n and_o his_o upon_o â—â—gar_a earl_n of_o chester_n to_o this_o time_n be_v refer_v the_o original_a of_o the_o â—_z in_o scotland_n which_o be_v a_o remarkable_a passage_n 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o great_a measure_n dependent_a upon_o the_o affair_n 〈◊〉_d the_o welsh_a be_v requisite_a to_o be_v here_o record_v macbeth_z king_n of_o scotland_n have_v cause_v bancho_fw-la a_o noble-â—â—n_a of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o be_v inhuman_o murder_v â—ence_n bancho_n son_n to_o avoid_v the_o like_a cruelty_n to_o â—â—â—self_n flee_v to_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n â—o_o take_v a_o very_a great_a like_n to_o his_o person_n and_o â—â—thal_o commiserate_v his_o condition_n show_v he_o all_o â—â—e_z respect_n and_o kindness_n possible_a but_o fleance_n have_v 〈◊〉_d continue_v long_o with_o gruffydh_n when_o he_o fall_v enamour_v upon_o the_o prince_n daughter_n and_o have_v obâ—â—â—ed_v her_o goodwill_n without_o any_o regard_n have_v to_o â—â—r_a father_n civility_n towards_o he_o abuse_v she_o so_o far_a 〈◊〉_d to_o beget_v she_o with_o child_n gruffydh_n be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n so_o heinous_o reâ—â—â—ted_v the_o affront_n that_o he_o occasion_v fleance_n to_o be_v â—â—â—in_o and_o treat_v his_o daughter_n most_o servile_o for_o prostrate_v her_o chastity_n especial_o to_o a_o strangâ—â—_n however_o she_o be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n deliver_v of_o a_o sâ—â—_n who_o name_n be_v christen_v walter_n a_o child_n wâ—â—_n in_o his_o youth_n express_v very_o great_a hope_n and_o in_o 〈◊〉_d probability_n like_a to_o make_v a_o very_a considerable_a mâ—â—_n which_o happen_v according_a to_o expectation_n but_o 〈◊〉_d first_o original_a of_o his_o future_a greatness_n happen_v upâ—â—_n a_o very_a accidental_a occasion_n be_v reproach_v of_o 〈◊〉_d stardism_n by_o one_o of_o his_o fellow_n companion_n he_o 〈◊〉_d it_o in_o so_o unpardonable_a a_o dudgeon_n that_o nothing_o 〈◊〉_d satisfy_v his_o revenge_n but_o the_o life_n of_o the_o aggreâ—â—â—â—_n be_v upon_o this_o mischance_n afraid_a to_o undergo_v the_o â—â—nishment_n of_o the_o law_n he_o think_v it_o safe_a to_o fly_v 〈◊〉_d scotland_n where_o fall_v in_o company_n with_o ceâ—â—â—â—â—_n english_a man_n who_o be_v come_v thither_o with_o quâ—â—â—_n margaret_n sister_n to_o edgar_n edeling_n he_o behave_v himâ—â—â—â—_n so_o sober_o and_o discreet_o that_o he_o win_v the_o favour_n 〈◊〉_d good_a character_n of_o all_o that_o know_v he_o but_o his_o 〈◊〉_d daily_o increase_v he_o grow_v at_o length_n to_o that_o height_n 〈◊〉_d reputation_n as_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o most_o inwâ—â—â—_n affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o at_o last_o be_v maâ—â—_n lord_n steward_n of_o scotland_n from_o which_o office_n 〈◊〉_d posterity_n retain_v the_o surname_n of_o steward_n the_o kiâ—â—_n of_o scotland_n of_o that_o name_n with_o several_a other_o fâ—â—lies_n of_o quality_n in_o that_o kingdom_n be_v descend_v 〈◊〉_d he_o but_o to_o return_v to_o england_n siward_n the_o worthy_a 〈◊〉_d of_o northumberland_n die_v about_o this_o time_n of_o the_o blooâ—_n flux_n a_o man_n of_o a_o rough_a demeanour_n and_o a_o mâ—â—â—_n soldierly_a temper_n as_o he_o plain_o manifest_v at_o 〈◊〉_d point_n of_o death_n for_o bewail_v his_o misfortune_n 〈◊〉_d have_v escape_v so_o many_o dangerous_a engagement_n 〈◊〉_d withal_o disdain_v to_o die_v so_o effeminate_o in_o bed_n 〈◊〉_d cause_v himself_o to_o be_v complete_o arm_v and_o aâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d be_v in_o defiance_n of_o death_n present_o expire_v in_o martial_a bravery_n but_o his_o son_n be_v too_o young_a 〈◊〉_d king_n bestow_v his_o earldom_n upon_o tosty_o the_o son_n 〈◊〉_d earl_n godwyn_n a.d._n 1054_o wales_n have_v be_v now_o a_o long_a time_n quiet_a and_o 〈◊〉_d of_o all_o trouble_n both_o abroad_o and_o at_o home_n but_o it_o coâ—â—â—_n not_o be_v expect_v that_o such_o a_o life_n shall_v prove_v duâ—â—bâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d but_o something_o or_o other_o will_v create_v new_a comâ—â—tions_n and_o disturbance_n gruffydh_fw-mi son_n to_o rytherch_v ap_fw-mi â—â—yn_v have_v recruit_v and_o recover_v himself_o after_o the_o 〈◊〉_d blow_v he_o receive_v from_o prince_n gruffydh_n must_v needs_o â—â—â—ture_v another_o trial_n for_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n 〈◊〉_d prince_n protract_v no_o time_n speedy_o march_v aâ—â—â—_n he_o and_o both_o army_n be_v join_v gruffydh_n 〈◊〉_d ryâ—herch_n be_v easy_o vanquish_v and_o in_o fine_a slain_z 〈◊〉_d the_o trouble_n of_o the_o welsh_a do_v not_o end_v with_o he_o 〈◊〉_d algâ—â—_n earl_n of_o chester_n be_v convict_v of_o treason_n 〈◊〉_d thereupon_o banish_v the_o kingdom_n flee_v to_o gruffydh_n 〈◊〉_d of_o wales_n request_v his_o aid_n against_o king_n â—â—â—ard_n who_o repeat_v the_o frequent_a wrong_n he_o have_v 〈◊〉_d at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a by_o uphold_v 〈◊〉_d enemy_n against_o he_o glad_o embrace_v the_o opportunity_n and_o promise_v he_o all_o imaginable_a support_n use_v thereupon_o assemble_v his_o force_n he_o enter_v with_o 〈◊〉_d into_o hereford_n shire_n and_o advance_v into_o the_o â—â—â—â—try_n within_o two_o mile_n of_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n 〈◊〉_d be_v oppose_v by_o randulph_n earl_n of_o that_o counâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d bold_o give_v they_o battle_n the_o fight_n conâ—â—â—â—â—â—_n very_o dreadful_a and_o dubious_a for_o some_o hour_n till_o 〈◊〉_d gruffydh_n so_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o â—â—â—â—mbrance_n of_o their_o former_a victory_n over_o the_o 〈◊〉_d that_o they_o fall_v on_o a_o main_a and_o easy_o disâ—â—â—â—red_v randulph_n and_o slay_v the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o army_n â—â—terwards_o they_o pursue_v their_o chase_n to_o the_o town_n 〈◊〉_d have_v make_v all_o the_o waste_n and_o havoc_n they_o be_v â—â—â—e_a they_o lay_v the_o town_n itself_o in_o ash_n and_o so_o reâ—â—â—ned_v home_o triumphant_o lade_v with_o rich_a booty_n 〈◊〉_d plunder_n king_n edward_n receive_v notice_n of_o this_o 〈◊〉_d present_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n at_o glocesterâ—â—der_n â—â—der_z the_o conduct_n of_o harold_n earl_n godwyn_n son_n â—o_o courageous_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n enter_v into_o â—ales_n and_o encamp_v beyond_o stradelwyd_n but_o gruâ—â—dh_n and_o algar_n dread_v to_o oppose_v he_o retire_a furâ—â—â—r_n into_o south_n wales_n of_o which_o harold_n be_v certify_v 〈◊〉_d one_o part_n of_o his_o army_n behind_o with_o order_n to_o â—â—ght_n if_o occasion_n offer_v and_o with_o the_o other_o pass_v 〈◊〉_d hereford_n which_o he_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a wall_n â—â—â—â—nd_v the_o town_n gruffydh_n perceive_v his_o undaunted_a industry_n after_o many_o message_n conclude_v a_o peâ—â—â—_n with_o harold_n at_o a_o place_n call_v biligelhag_a by_o wâ—â—â—â—_n article_n algar_n be_v pardon_v by_o the_o king_n and_o â—â—stored_v to_o his_o earldom_n of_o chester_n but_o he_o do_v 〈◊〉_d continue_v long_o in_o the_o king_n favour_n for_o about_o 〈◊〉_d year_n after_o upon_o conviction_n of_o treason_n he_o be_v â—gain_o banish_v the_o land_n so_o that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o 〈◊〉_d take_v himself_o to_o his_o old_a friend_n gruffydh_n prince_n 〈◊〉_d wales_n by_o who_o aid_n and_o a_o fleet_n from_o norway_n 〈◊〉_d spite_n of_o the_o king_n he_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o earldom_n but_o king_n edward_n be_v sore_o offend_v with_o the_o priâ—â—â—_n of_o wales_n for_o harbour_v traitor_n and_o therefore_o 〈◊〉_d be_v revenge_v upon_o he_o he_o dispatch_v harold_n 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o army_n to_o north-wales_n who_o come_v 〈◊〉_d ruthlan_n burn_v the_o prince_n palace_n there_o and_o his_o 〈◊〉_d that_o lie_v in_o the_o harbour_n and_o then_o return_v to_o 〈◊〉_d king_n at_o gloucester_n this_o year_n edward_n the_o son_n of_o edmund_n ironside_n 〈◊〉_d be_v send_v for_o out_o of_o hungary_n be_v design_v succession_n the_o crown_n come_v to_o england_n but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n 〈◊〉_d his_o come_n die_v at_o london_n leave_v behind_o he_o 〈◊〉_d son_n call_v edgar_n edeling_o and_o a_o daughter_n naâ—â—â—_n margaret_n who_o be_v afterward_o queen_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o mother_n to_o maud_n the_o wife_n of_o henry_n the_o fâ—â—â—â—_n a.d._n 1056_o about_o two_o year_n after_o roderic_n son_n to_o harold_n king_n of_o denmark_n come_v with_o a_o considerable_a army_n 〈◊〉_d wales_n and_o be_v kind_o receive_v by_o prince_n gruffâ—â—â—_n unite_v his_o power_n with_o the_o welsh_a and_o so_o enter_v 〈◊〉_d england_n which_o they_o cruel_o harass_v and_o destroyâ—â—_n but_o before_o they_o can_v advance_v any_o considerable_a â—â—stance_n roderic_n be_v compel_v to_o sail_n for_o denmark_n and_o so_o gruffydh_n return_v lade_v with_o spoil_n 〈◊〉_d wales_n the_o same_o time_n harold_n earl_n godwyn_n 〈◊〉_d sail_v to_o flanders_n be_v drive_v by_o force_n of_o weaâ—â—â—_n to_o land_n at_o poytiers_n where_o be_v seize_v upon_o 〈◊〉_d be_v bring_v before_o william_n bastard_n duke_n of_o nâ—â—mandy_n to_o who_o he_o declare_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o vâ—â—age_n that_o it_o be_v purposely_o to_o tender_v he_o his_o serâ—â—â—â—_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o england_n and_o so_o take_v a_o oath_n 〈◊〉_d to_o marry_v the_o duke_n daughter_n and_o after_o the_o
of_o â—â—ourt_n not_o dream_v of_o any_o such_o treacherous_a villainy_n â—â—he_o same_o time_n robert_n curthoys_a the_o bastard_n elder_a son_n â—â—eing_v for_o some_o reason_n disgu_v against_o his_o father_n and_o â—â—t_v on_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n enâ—â—red_v normandy_n with_o a_o army_n and_o claim_v it_o as_o his_o â—â—ight_n which_o king_n william_n be_v acquaint_v with_o â—â—ssed_v over_o to_o normandy_n and_o meet_v with_o his_o son_n â—and_n to_o hand_n in_o battle_n be_v by_o he_o overthrow_v â—ut_fw-la be_v return_v from_o normandy_n he_o enter_v with_o 〈◊〉_d great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o march_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o pilgrimage_n as_o far_o as_o s._n david_n he_o offer_v aâ—â—_n pay_v his_o devotion_n to_o that_o saint_n and_o afterward_o â—â—ceived_v homage_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o coâ—â—try_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tomb_n of_o walwey_n kiâ—â—_n arthur_n sister_n son_n a_o most_o valiant_a person_n in_o his_o tiâ—â—_n and_o governor_n of_o that_o country_n from_o he_o calâ—â—â—_n walwethey_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o country_n of_o 〈◊〉_d nigh_o the_o seashore_n who_o body_n prove_v monstrous_o prodigious_a be_v in_o length_n about_o fourteen_o foot_n a.d._n 1086_o this_o year_n madawc_n cadwgan_n and_o riryd_n the_o son_n 〈◊〉_d blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n sometime_o prince_n of_o wales_n raiseâ—_n 〈◊〉_d rebellion_n against_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi tewdor_n and_o have_v draâ—â—_n together_o a_o great_a number_n of_o licentious_a and_o malcontented_a people_n think_v to_o eject_v he_o out_o of_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n rhys_n have_v not_o power_n and_o fâ—â—ces_n enough_o to_o oppose_v they_o the_o rebel_n army_n increase_v daily_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o discontent_a multitude_n who_o always_o rejoice_v at_o any_o new_a commotion_n 〈◊〉_d disturbance_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o 〈◊〉_d to_o ireland_n where_o he_o obtain_v a_o very_a considerable_a pâ—â—â—_n of_o irish_a and_o scot_n upon_o promise_n of_o a_o sufficient_a reward_n in_o case_n he_o be_v restore_v again_o to_o his_o principality_n have_v by_o this_o measure_n get_v a_o very_a sensible_a increase_n his_o former_a strength_n he_o land_v in_o south-wales_n tâ—â—_n news_n of_o who_o arrive_v be_v blaze_v abroad_o 〈◊〉_d friend_n from_o all_o quarter_n present_o retire_v to_o he_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n his_o army_n become_v numerous_a aâ—â—_n able_a to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n the_o rebel_n be_v seâ—sible_a how_o the_o prince_n force_n daily_o multiply_v aâ—â—_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v any_o far_a addition_n they_o maâ—_n all_o possible_a haste_n to_o force_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n which_o iâ—_n a_o short_a time_n after_o happen_v at_o lhech_n y_o creu_n where_o thâ—_n rebel_n be_v vanquish_v madawc_n and_o riryd_n be_v slaiâ—_n and_o cadwgan_n glad_a to_o save_v his_o life_n by_o flight_n rhys_n have_v win_v so_o signal_n a_o victory_n and_o fear_v no_o far_a disturbance_n dismiss_v the_o irish_a and_o scots_a with_o greaâ—_n reward_n who_o honourable_o return_v to_o their_o owâ—_n a.d._n 1087_o country_n within_o a_o while_n after_o a_o unaccountablâ—_n sacrilege_n be_v commit_v at_o s._n david_n the_o shriâ—â—_n belong_v to_o the_o cathedral_n be_v felonious_o convey_v out_o of_o the_o church_n all_o the_o plate_n and_o other_o utensil_n be_v steal_v and_o only_o the_o shrine_n leave_v empty_a behind_o â—he_v same_o year_n a_o civil-war_n break_v out_o in_o england_n use_v several_a army_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n â—ere_z up_o in_o arm_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o among_o the_o â—â—st_n the_o welsh_a who_o enter_v into_o gloucester_n and_o worâ—â—ster_n shire_n burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o they_o to_z â—â—e_z gate_n of_o worcester_n the_o king_n have_v draw_v his_o arm_n together_o proceed_v against_o his_o enemy_n by_o deâ—â—ees_n and_o fall_v upon_o their_o separate_a party_n without_o â—â—y_a great_a difficulty_n reduce_v all_o to_o obedience_n withâ—â—_n a.d._n 1089_o two_o year_n after_o archbishop_z sulien_n the_o most_o pious_a use_v learned_a person_n in_o wales_n dye_v in_o the_o eighti_v â—ear_v of_o his_o age_n and_o in_o the_o sixteenth_o year_n of_o his_o biâ—oprick_n present_o after_o who_o death_n the_o town_n of_o 〈◊〉_d david_n suffer_v a_o more_o sensible_a calamity_n be_v first_o sunder_v and_o afterward_o burn_v by_o a_o company_n of_o pyâ—â—ts_n who_o sore_o infest_a the_o british_a coast_n about_o â—â—e_v same_o time_n also_o die_v cadifor_n the_o son_n of_o calhoynâ—ord_n â—ord_z of_o dyfed_a whole_a son_n lhewelyn_n and_o eineon_n moâ—â—d_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o his_o sovereign_a prince_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi tâ—wdor_n with_o who_o they_o â—yned_v all_o the_o force_n they_o cou_o levy_v among_o their_o tenant_n and_o dependent_n then_o pass_v with_o their_o arâ—y_n to_o lhandydoch_n bold_o challenge_v rhys_n to_o fight_v â—ho_n thereupon_o give_v they_o battle_n and_o after_o a_o resolute_a â—ngagement_n of_o both_o side_n the_o rebel_n be_v at_o length_n worsted_n and_o put_v flight_n and_o then_o so_o narrow_o pursue_v â—hat_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o in_o â—ne_n execute_v as_o a_o traitor_n but_o eineon_n make_v his_o â—scape_n and_o not_o dare_v to_o trust_v himself_o with_o any_o of_o â—is_n own_o kindred_n he_o flee_v to_o jestyn_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n lord_n â—f_n morganwc_n who_o be_v then_o in_o actual_a rebellion_n â—gainst_a prince_n rhys_n and_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o the_o â—hore_n in_o iestyn_n favour_n he_o promise_v upon_o condition_n â—f_o the_o performance_n of_o certain_a article_n one_o of_o which_o more_o especial_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v receive_v his_o daughter_n in_o matrimony_n that_o he_o will_v bring_v over_o â—o_o his_o aid_n a_o considerable_a body_n of_o norman_n with_o who_o he_o be_v singular_o acquaint_v as_o have_v serve_v a_o long_a time_n in_o england_n these_o article_n be_v agree_v to_o and_o record_v eineon_n post_v to_o england_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n bring_v matter_n so_o about_o that_o he_o prevail_v with_o robert_n fitzhamon_n and_o twelve_o more_o knight_n to_o leuâ—_n a.d._n 1090_o a_o strong_a army_n of_o norman_n and_o to_o come_v to_o wales_n tâ—_n the_o protection_n and_o aid_n of_o jestyn_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n they_o land_v in_o glamorganshire_n and_o be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o jestyn_n who_o join_v his_o power_n to_o they_o march_v to_o prince_n rhys_n his_o domininion_n where_o without_o the_o least_o show_n of_o mercy_n to_o his_o own_o countryman_n he_o encourage_v the_o norman_n by_o his_o own_o example_n to_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v all_o that_o come_v before_o they_o prince_n rhys_n be_v mighty_o grieve_v to_o finâ—_n his_o country_n so_o unmerciful_o harass_v and_o though_o aâ—_n this_o time_n very_o ancient_a be_v above_o 98_o year_n of_o age_n he_o can_v not_o refrain_v but_o meet_v his_o enemy_n and_o have_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n raise_v a_o convenient_a army_n hâ—_n meet_v with_o they_o near_o brecnock_v where_o after_o a_o terrible_a fight_n and_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n he_o be_v unhappy_o slay_v with_o he_o fall_v the_o glory_n and_o grandeâ—â—_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n be_v afterward_o rend_v in_o piece_n and_o divide_v into_o several_a part_n and_o piece-meal_n among_o these_o norman_a captain_n as_o shall_v be_v by_o and_o by_o more_o particular_o relate_v prince_n rhys_n less_o issue_n behind_o he_o by_o the_o daughter_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi coffin_n two_o son_n gruffydh_n and_o grono_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n thâ—â—_n the_o author_n of_o the_o win_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o glamagan_n affirm_v that_o he_o be_v slay_v together_o with_o his_o father_n in_o this_o battle_n against_o the_o norman_n the_o norman_n have_v receive_v a_o sufficient_a reward_n from_o jestyn_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o service_n against_o prince_n rhys_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n in_o order_n to_o their_o voyage_n homeward_o but_o before_o they_o can_v loose_v anchor_n to_o sail_v off_o eineon_n recall_v they_o be_v ungrateful_o affront_v by_o jestyn_n who_o absolute_o refuse_v to_o make_v good_a to_o he_o the_o condition_n which_o they_o have_v agree_v upon_o before_o the_o norman_n be_v invite_v to_o wales_n upon_o this_o account_n eineon_n be_v so_o irreconcilable_o incense_v against_o jestyn_n that_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o he_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o sacrifice_v his_o native_a country_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o stranger_n and_o therefore_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o norman_n concern_v the_o fatness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n and_o how_o easy_o they_o may_v conquer_v and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o but_o he_o need_v not_o many_o argument_n to_o persuade_v a_o people_n that_o be_v willing_a of_o themselves_o
upon_o he_o the_o management_n of_o it_o but_o the_o norman_n in_o rydcors_n castle_n be_v sensible_a that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o effect_v any_o thing_n against_o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n in_o open_a field_n after_o their_o accustom_a manner_n begin_v to_o put_v that_o in_o execution_n by_o treachery_n which_o they_o can_v not_o compass_v by_o force_n of_o arms._n and_o how_o to_o make_v howel_n a_o sacrifice_n to_o those_o norman_n he_o have_v late_o slay_v they_o can_v find_v no_o safe_a way_n than_o by_o corrupt_v one_o gwgan_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n a_o man_n in_o great_a favour_n and_o esteem_v with_o howel_n upon_o the_o account_n chief_o that_o one_o of_o his_o child_n be_v nurse_v by_o gwgan_n wife_n this_o ungrateful_a villain_n to_o carry_v on_o his_o wicked_a intrigue_n the_o more_o unsuspected_a give_v howel_n a_o very_a earnest_a invitation_n to_o his_o house_n to_o a_o merriment_n where_o without_o any_o suspicion_n of_o treachery_n be_v come_v he_o be_v welcome_v with_o all_o the_o seem_a affection_n and_o kindness_n imaginable_a but_o no_o soon_o be_v he_o settle_v a.d._n 1103_o but_o gwgan_n give_v notice_n thereof_o to_o the_o norman_a garrison_n and_o therefore_o by_o break_n of_o day_n they_o enter_v the_o town_n and_o come_v about_o the_o house_n where_o howel_n lie_v in_o bed_n they_o present_o give_v a_o great_a shout_n howel_n hear_v the_o noise_n suspect_v something_o of_o mischief_n and_o therefore_o leap_v in_o all_o haste_n out_o of_o bed_n he_o make_v to_o his_o weapon_n but_o can_v not_o find_v they_o by_o reason_n that_o gwgan_n have_v convey_v they_o away_o whilst_o he_o be_v asleep_a and_o now_o be_v assure_v of_o treachery_n in_o the_o case_n and_o find_v that_o his_o man_n have_v flee_v for_o their_o life_n he_o endeavour_v all_o he_o can_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n but_o gwgan_n and_o his_o company_n be_v too_o quick_a for_o he_o and_o so_o be_v secure_v they_o strangle_v he_o and_o deliver_v his_o body_n to_o the_o norman_n who_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o head_n convey_v it_o to_o the_o castle_n of_o rydcor_n this_o most_o villainous_a murder_n so_o barbarous_o commit_v upon_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o take_v notice_n of_o for_o king_n henry_n be_v so_o unreasonable_o prejudice_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o norman_n that_o whatever_o misdemeanour_n be_v it_o of_o never_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n be_v by_o they_o commit_v it_o be_v present_o wink_v at_o and_o let_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n whereas_o if_o the_o welsh_a trespass_v but_o against_o the_o least_o injunction_n of_o the_o king_n law_n they_o be_v most_o severe_o punish_v which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o afterward_o stand_v up_o against_o the_o king_n in_o their_o own_o defence_n be_v by_o experience_n assure_v that_o he_o mind_v nothing_o more_o than_o their_o utter_a destruction_n about_o this_o time_n anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n convene_v a_o synod_n at_o london_n wherein_o among_o other_o injunction_n then_o decree_v the_o celibacy_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v enjoin_v marriage_n be_v before_o ever_o allow_v of_o in_o britain_n to_o they_o in_o holy_a order_n but_o this_o new_a injunction_n create_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o heat_n and_o animosity_n among_o the_o clergy_n some_o approve_v of_o it_o as_o reasonable_a and_o orthodoxical_a other_o condemn_v it_o as_o a_o innovation_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a letter_n of_o scripture_n but_o during_o these_o dispute_n between_o the_o clergy_n king_n henry_n be_v now_o in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n sail_v over_o with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o normandy_n where_o his_o brother_n robert_n together_o with_o robert_n de_fw-fr belesmo_n arnulph_n and_o william_n earl_n of_o mortaign_n give_v he_o battle_n but_o the_o king_n have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n take_v the_o duke_n his_o brother_n with_o william_n of_o mortaign_n prisoner_n and_o carry_v they_o into_o england_n he_o cause_v first_o his_o brother_n robert_n eye_n to_o be_v pluck_v out_o and_o then_o condemn_v they_o a.d._n 1104_o both_o to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o cardyff_fw-mi about_o the_o same_o time_n meyric_n and_o gruffydh_n the_o son_n of_o trahaern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n be_v both_o slay_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n who_o have_v be_v prisoner_n for_o a_o long_a time_n in_o england_n now_o break_v open_v the_o prison_n wherein_o he_o be_v very_o narrow_o confine_v and_o return_v to_o his_o own_o country_n have_v his_o estate_n restore_v which_o afterward_o he_o quiet_o enjoy_v a.d._n 1105_o the_o next_o year_n a_o very_a dismal_a and_o calamitous_a accident_n happen_v in_o the_o low-countries_n prove_v very_o incommodious_a and_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o welsh_a for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o flanders_n be_v drown_v by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o sea_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v compel_v d_o to_o seek_v for_o some_o other_o country_n to_o dwell_v in_o their_o own_o be_v now_o cover_v with_o water_n and_o therefore_o a_o great_a many_o be_v come_v over_o to_o england_n they_o request_v of_o king_n henry_n to_o assign_v they_o some_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o be_v empty_a and_o void_a of_o inhabitant_n where_o they_o may_v settle_v and_o plant_v themselves_o the_o king_n take_v advantage_n of_o this_o charitable_a opportunity_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n assure_v that_o these_o fleming_n will_v be_v a_o considerable_a thorn_n in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o welsh_a bestow_v upon_o they_o very_o liberal_o what_o be_v not_o just_o in_o his_o power_n to_o give_v and_o appoint_v they_o the_o country_n of_o ros_n in_o dyfed_a or_o west-wales_n where_o they_o continue_v to_o this_o day_n but_o gerald_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o those_o part_n be_v resolve_v to_o be_v aforehand_o with_o they_o and_o rebuilt_a the_o castle_n of_o pembrock_n in_o a_o place_n call_v congarth_n fechan_n whither_o he_o remove_v his_o family_n and_o all_o his_o good_n 1106._o a._n d._n 1106._o but_o here_o a_o very_a unfortunate_a accident_n happen_v to_o he_o for_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n have_v prepare_v a_o sumptuous_a feast_n in_o the_o christmas_n invite_v all_o the_o lord_n to_o his_o countryhouse_n in_o dyfed_a and_o among_o the_o rest_n his_o son_n owen_n who_o live_v in_o powy_n this_o young_a gentleman_n be_v at_o his_o father_n house_n and_o hear_v nest_n the_o wife_n of_o gerald_n universal_o praise_v for_o her_o incomparable_a beauty_n be_v so_o smite_v with_o the_o rumour_n that_o go_v abroad_o of_o she_o that_o by_o all_o mean_v he_o must_v see_v the_o lady_n who_o be_v by_o all_o so_o much_o admire_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o gwladys_n wife_n to_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n and_o mother_n to_o nest_n be_v the_o daughter_n of_o râ—walhon_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n cousin-german_a to_o cadwgan_n his_o father_n under_o pretence_n of_o friendship_n and_o relation_n he_o make_v bold_a to_o pay_v she_o a_o visit_n but_o find_v the_o truth_n far_o to_o surpass_v the_o fame_n that_o go_v of_o she_o he_o return_v home_o so_o inflame_v with_o her_o charm_n that_o not_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v the_o mastery_n over_o himself_o he_o go_v back_o again_o the_o very_a same_o night_n and_o be_v attend_v by_o a_o company_n of_o wild_a headstrong_a youth_n they_o privy_o enter_v into_o the_o castle_n and_o encompass_v the_o chamber_n about_o where_o gerald_n and_o his_o wife_n lie_v they_o set_v the_o house_n on_o fire_n gerald_n hear_v a_o noise_n will_v fain_o go_v out_o to_o know_v the_o meaning_n of_o such_o unseasonable_a disturbance_n but_o his_o wife_n fear_v some_o treachery_n persuade_v he_o to_o make_v as_o private_a a_o escape_n as_o he_o can_v and_o then_o pull_v up_o a_o board_n in_o the_o privy_a let_v he_o go_v that_o way_n then_o return_v to_o her_o chamber_n she_o will_v fain_o assure_v those_o notorious_a youth_n that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n beside_o herself_o and_o child_n there_o but_o this_o be_v not_o satifactory_a they_o forcible_o break_v in_o and_o have_v search_v every_o the_o most_o private_a corner_n and_o not_o find_v gerald_n they_o take_v his_o wife_n and_o two_o son_n with_o a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n bear_v by_o a_o concubine_n and_o carry_v they_o away_o to_o powy_n have_v first_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o castle_n and_o destroy_v the_o country_n as_o they_o go_v along_o cadwgan_n owen_n father_n hear_v of_o what_o outrageous_a crime_n his_o son_n have_v commit_v be_v exceed_o concern_v and_o sorry_a chief_o because_o hereby_o he_o be_v like_a to_o incur_v king_n henry_n great_a displeasure_n and_o therefore_o he_o go_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o powy_n and_o desire_v his_o son_n with_o all_o entreaty_n to_o send_v home_o to_o gerald_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o whatever_o else_o he_o have_v take_v
great_a penalty_n to_o receive_v he_o but_o that_o they_o shall_v account_v he_o a_o open_a enemy_n to_o their_o country_n and_o endeavour_v all_o they_o can_v to_o secure_v he_o and_o to_o bring_v he_o prisoner_n before_o he_o when_o madawc_n understand_v this_o how_o that_o his_o person_n be_v in_o continual_a danger_n whilst_o he_o remain_v there_o have_v draw_v to_o he_o all_o the_o outlaw_n and_o villain_n in_o the_o country_n he_o keep_v in_o the_o rock_n and_o mountain_n devise_v all_o the_o way_n and_o mean_v he_o can_v to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o jorwerth_n and_o so_o make_v a_o private_a league_n and_o agreement_n with_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahaern_n who_o for_o a_o long_a time_n have_v be_v a_o mortal_a enemy_n of_o jorwerth_n these_o two_o associate_n have_v intelligence_n that_o jorwerth_n lie_v one_o night_n at_o caereineon_n gather_v all_o their_o strength_n and_o come_v and_o encompass_v the_o house_n at_o midnight_n which_o when_o iorwerth_n servant_n perceive_v they_o arise_v and_o defend_v the_o house_n with_o all_o the_o may_v they_o can_v but_o the_o assailant_n at_o last_o put_v the_o house_n on_o fire_n they_o be_v glad_a as_o many_o as_o can_v to_o escape_v through_o the_o flame_n the_o great_a part_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v either_o to_o the_o enemy_n sword_n or_o the_o more_o conquer_a fire_n jorwerth_n see_v no_o remedy_n but_o that_o he_o must_v undergo_v the_o same_o fate_n as_o his_o man_n have_v do_v choose_v rather_o to_o die_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o enemy_n with_o his_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n than_o to_o commit_v his_o life_n to_o the_o cowardly_a flame_n and_o therefore_o rush_v out_o with_o great_a violence_n he_o be_v receive_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o enemy_n spear_n and_o so_o be_v toss_v into_o the_o fire_n he_o miserable_o perish_v by_o a_o double_a death_n as_o soon_o as_o king_n henry_n hear_v of_o his_o death_n he_o send_v for_o cadwgan_n to_o he_o and_o give_v he_o all_o his_o brother_n estate_n be_v powys-land_n and_o promise_v his_o son_n owen_n his_o pardon_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v demean_v himself_o quiet_o and_o loyal_o hereafter_o will_v he_o to_o send_v for_o he_o back_o from_o ireland_n king_n henry_n also_o about_o this_o time_n marry_v his_o natural_a son_n robert_n to_o mabil_n daughter_n and_o sole_a heir_n to_o robert_n fiz-hamon_n lord_n of_o glamorgan_n in_o who_o right_a this_o robert_n become_v lord_n of_o glamorgan_n be_v before_o by_o the_o king_n create_v e._n of_o gloucester_n by_o who_o the_o castle_n of_o cardaf_n be_v build_v but_o madawc_n find_v the_o matter_n nothing_o mend_v and_o that_o his_o other_o uncle_n cadwgan_n who_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o obligation_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n rule_v the_o country_n hide_v himself_o in_o the_o most_o private_a and_o inaccessible_a place_n watch_v only_o a_o opportunity_n to_o commit_v the_o like_a fact_n upon_o cadwgan_n and_o to_o murder_v he_o by_o one_o treacherous_a way_n or_o another_o and_o this_o he_o effect_v in_o a_o little_a time_n for_o cadwgan_n have_v reduce_v the_o country_n to_o some_o sort_n of_o settlement_n and_o quietness_n and_o restore_v the_o court_n of_o judicature_n where_o he_o sit_v in_o person_n to_o administer_v justice_n come_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o elder_n of_o the_o country_n to_o trallwng_v now_o pool_n and_o have_v begin_v to_o build_v a_o castle_n he_o think_v to_o make_v that_o the_o constant_a seat_n of_o his_o habitation_n madawc_n understand_v his_o design_n lay_v in_o ambush_n for_o he_o in_o his_o way_n to_o trallwng_v and_o as_o cadwgan_n unconcerned_o pass_v by_o without_o the_o least_o suscition_n of_o treachery_n he_o sudden_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o without_o allow_v he_o any_o time_n either_o to_o fight_v or_o escape_v then_o he_o send_v present_o a_o message_n to_o shrewsbury_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o the_o march_n to_o put_v he_o in_o mind_n of_o his_o former_a promise_n to_o he_o when_o he_o chase_v owen_n out_o of_o the_o country_n because_o that_o the_o bishop_n bear_v a_o inveterate_a enmity_n to_o cadwgan_n and_o his_o son_n owen_n grant_v madawc_n such_o land_n as_o his_o brother_n ithel_n be_v possess_v of_o but_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o death_n of_o both_o his_o brother_n go_v in_o all_o haste_n to_o the_o king_n desire_v of_o he_o the_o land_n of_o jorwerth_n in_o powy_n which_o he_o have_v late_o grant_v to_o cadwgan_n which_o the_o king_n grant_v he_o till_o such_o time_n as_o owen_n shall_v return_v from_o ireland_n owen_n do_v not_o stay_v long_o before_o he_o come_v over_o and_o then_o go_v to_o king_n henry_n he_o be_v honourable_o receive_v and_o have_v all_o his_o father_n estate_n restore_v to_o he_o whereupon_o in_o gratitude_n of_o this_o signal_n favour_n he_o voluntary_o promise_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n a_o considerable_a fine_a for_o the_o due_a payment_n of_o which_o he_o give_v very_o responsible_a pledge_n madawc_n find_v himself_o alone_a to_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o lurch_n and_o that_o he_o have_v no_o seem_a power_n to_o bear_v head_n against_o the_o king_n think_v it_o also_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o make_v what_o reconciliation_n he_o can_v and_o therefore_o he_o offer_v the_o king_n a_o very_a great_a fine_a if_o he_o shall_v peaceable_o enjoy_v his_o former_a estate_n promise_v withal_o never_o to_o molest_v or_o disturb_v any_o one_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n king_n henry_n willing_a to_o bring_v all_o matter_n to_o a_o settle_a condition_n ready_o grant_v his_o request_n and_o confer_v upon_o he_o all_o he_o can_v reasonable_o ask_v for_o only_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o upon_o his_o peril_n he_o shall_v provide_v for_o the_o relation_n of_o they_o who_o he_o have_v so_o base_o murder_v a.d._n 1109_o and_o thus_o all_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o peaceable_a conclusion_n in_o wales_n the_o next_o year_n robert_n de_fw-fr belesmo_n who_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a instrument_n of_o these_o welsh_a disturbance_n in_o that_o great_a rebellion_n which_o himself_o with_o roger_n de_fw-fr montgomery_n earl_n of_o salop_n and_o his_o brother_n arnulph_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n have_v raise_v against_o the_o king_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o king_n henry_n in_o normandy_n and_o commit_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n in_o warham-castle_n the_o year_n follow_v meredith_n a.d._n 1110_o ap_fw-mi blethyn_n detach_v a_o considerable_a party_n of_o his_o man_n to_o make_v incursion_n into_o the_o country_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahaern_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n who_o be_v a_o inveterate_a enemy_n of_o himself_o and_o owen_n by_o reason_n that_o by_o his_o aid_n and_o instigation_n madawc_n be_v encourage_v to_o kill_v his_o uncle_n jorwerth_n and_o cadwgan_n these_o man_n as_o they_o pass_v through_o madawc_n country_n meet_v a_o person_n in_o the_o nighttime_n who_o belong_v to_o madawc_n who_o be_v ask_v where_o his_o master_n be_v after_o some_o pretence_n of_o ignorance_n at_o last_o through_o fear_n confess_v that_o he_o be_v not_o far_o from_o that_o place_n therefore_o lie_v quiet_o there_o all_o night_n by_o break_n of_o day_n they_o arise_v to_o look_v out_o their_o game_n and_o unexpected_o surpize_v madawc_n they_o fly_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o man_n and_o take_v himself_o prisoner_n and_o so_o carry_v he_o to_o their_o lord_n they_o deliver_v he_o up_o as_o the_o great_a honour_n of_o their_o expedition_n meredith_n be_v not_o a_o little_a proud_a of_o his_o prisoner_n and_o therefore_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o the_o more_o with_o his_o nephew_n owen_n he_o commit_v he_o to_o safe_a custody_n till_o he_o be_v send_v for_o who_o come_v thither_o straight_o meredith_n deliver_v madawc_n up_o to_o he_o owen_n though_o he_o have_v the_o great_a reason_n for_o the_o most_o cruel_a revenge_n by_o reason_n that_o both_o his_o father_n and_o uncle_n be_v base_o murder_v by_o this_o madawc_n will_v not_o put_v he_o to_o death_n remember_v the_o intimate_a friendship_n and_o oath_n that_o have_v pass_v betwixt_o they_o but_o however_o to_o secure_v he_o from_o any_o future_a mischief_n he_o may_v practice_v he_o pull_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o then_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n but_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o any_o revenge_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o estate_n and_o strength_n in_o the_o country_n meredith_n and_o owen_n think_v fit_a to_o divide_v his_o land_n betwixt_o they_o which_o be_v caernarvon_n aberhiw_n with_o the_o three_o part_n of_o deuthwfyr_n these_o home-bread_n disturbance_n be_v pretty_a well_o abate_v a_o great_a storm_n arise_v from_o abroad_o for_o the_o a.d._n 1111_o next_o year_n king_n henry_n prepare_v a_o mighty_a army_n to_o enter_v into_o wales_n be_v provoke_v thereto_o by_o the_o request_n
to_o apprehend_v he_o but_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n being_n aware_a of_o the_o trap_n lay_v against_o he_o send_v to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n desire_v his_o assistance_n and_o that_o he_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o remain_v safe_a in_o his_o country_n which_o gruffydh_n for_o his_o father_n account_n ready_o grant_v and_o treat_v he_o honourable_o a_o little_a after_o his_o brother_n howel_n who_o be_v imprison_v by_o ardulph_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o montgomery_n where_o he_o have_v remain_v for_o a_o great_a while_n make_v his_o escape_n and_o flee_v to_o his_o brother_n then_o with_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n in_o north-wales_n but_o king_n henry_n be_v inform_v that_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n be_v entertain_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n send_v very_o smooth_a letter_n to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n desire_v to_o speak_v with_o he_o who_o be_v come_v he_o receive_v he_o with_o all_o the_o token_n of_o honour_n and_o friendship_n and_o bestow_v upon_o he_o very_o rich_a present_n just_a after_o the_o norman_a policy_n who_o usual_o make_v very_o much_o of_o those_o who_o they_o design_v afterward_o to_o be_v serviceable_a to_o they_o after_o some_o time_n be_v general_a discourse_n king_n henry_n come_v at_o length_n to_o the_o main_a point_n and_o promise_v the_o prince_n even_o mountain_n of_o gold_n in_o case_n he_o will_v send_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n or_o his_o head_n to_o he_o which_o the_o prince_n overcome_v by_o such_o fair_a word_n and_o large_a promise_n promise_v to_o perform_v and_o so_o return_v joyful_o home_o big_a with_o the_o expectation_n of_o his_o future_a reward_n but_o some_o who_o wish_v better_a to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n present_o suspect_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o king_n message_n and_o therefore_o they_o advise_v they_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o private_o for_o some_o time_n till_o prince_n gruffydh_n mind_n be_v better_o understand_v and_o whether_o he_o have_v make_v any_o agreement_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o betray_v they_o to_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o prince_n be_v return_v to_o his_o palace_n at_o aberffraw_n he_o present_o inquire_v for_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o learning_n in_o a_o little_a time_n where_o he_o be_v he_o send_v a_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o recall_n he_o to_o his_o court_n but_o gruffydh_n hear_v of_o their_o approach_n with_o all_o speed_n make_v his_o escape_n to_o the_o church_n of_o aberdaron_n and_o take_v sanctuary_n there_o but_o prince_n gruffydh_n be_v so_o resolute_a to_o make_v his_o promise_n good_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o without_o any_o respect_n to_o the_o religious_a place_n he_o have_v escape_v too_o command_v the_o same_o messenger_n to_o return_v and_o to_o bring_v he_o away_o by_o force_n which_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o country_n unanimous_o withstand_v protest_v that_o they_o will_v not_o see_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o church_n in_o the_o least_o infringe_v and_o whilst_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o prince_n officer_n be_v thus_o at_o debate_n that_o same_o night_n some_o who_o have_v compassion_n upon_o the_o young_a prince_n and_o see_v how_o greedy_o his_o life_n be_v thirst_v for_o convey_v he_o away_o out_o of_o north-wales_n to_o straywy_a in_o south-wales_n and_o so_o be_v deliver_v from_o the_o treacherous_a and_o more_o dishonourable_a practice_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o north_n wales_n he_o be_v force_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o life_n to_o bid_v open_a defiance_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thereupon_o have_v raise_v all_o the_o force_n which_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o opportunity_n will_v permit_v he_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n a.d._n 1113_o the_o next_o year_n he_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o stand_v over-against_o arberth_n and_o win_v the_o same_o make_v it_o plain_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o from_o thence_o march_v to_o lhanymdhyfry_n castle_n belonging_z to_z richard_z de_fw-fr pwn_n upon_o who_o the_o king_n have_v bestow_v cantref_o bychan_n but_o the_o garrison_n command_v by_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rytherch_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n so_o manful_o defend_v it_o that_o gruffydh_n after_o kill_v only_o some_o few_o of_o the_o besiege_a and_o burn_v the_o outwork_n be_v force_v to_o remove_v with_o no_o small_a loss_n of_o his_o own_o men._n find_v this_o place_n impregnable_a he_o come_v before_o abertawy-castle_n which_o be_v build_v by_o henry_n beaumond_n earl_n of_o warwick_n but_o this_o prove_v too_o strong_a to_o be_v quick_o surrender_v after_o he_o have_v burn_v some_o of_o the_o outward_a building_n he_o return_v to_o stratywy_a burn_a and_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n as_o he_o go_v along_o and_o now_o his_o fame_n be_v spread_v abroad_o through_o all_o the_o country_n all_o the_o wild_a and_o headstrong_a youth_n and_o they_o who_o fortune_n be_v desperate_a resort_v unto_o he_o from_o all_o part_n by_o which_o mean_v be_v wax_v strong_a and_o numerous_a he_o make_v in_o roads_n into_o ros_n and_o dyfe_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n before_o he_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n be_v cruel_o enrage_v with_o these_o continual_a depredation_n and_o how_o to_o remedy_v this_o mischief_n be_v not_o easy_o determine_v but_o after_o long_a consultation_n they_o think_v it_o the_o best_a way_n to_o call_v together_o such_o welsh_a lord_n as_o be_v friend_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n such_o be_v owen_n ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n and_o rhytherch_v ap_fw-mi theodore_n with_o his_o son_n meredith_n and_o owen_n who_o mother_n be_v heynyth_n the_o daughter_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n and_o owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o gwenlhian_n another_o daughter_n of_o blethyn_n and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n these_o protest_v their_o loyalty_n and_o fidelity_n to_o king_n henry_n be_v desire_v to_o defend_v the_o king_n castle_n of_o carmardhyn_n and_o that_o by_o turn_n owen_z ap_fw-mi caradoc_n the_o first_o fortnight_n and_o then_o by_o succession_n by_o rhytherch_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n and_o meredith_n the_o ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n owen_n undertake_v the_o defence_n of_o carmardhyn_n castle_n for_o the_o time_n require_v of_o he_o and_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi gadifor_n have_v commit_v to_o he_o the_o government_n of_o abercomyn_n or_o abercorran-castle_n which_o appertain_v to_o robert_n courtmain_n but_o for_o all_o these_o preparation_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi râ—ys_fw-mi have_v a_o wishful_a eye_n upon_o carmardhyn_n and_o therefore_o he_o send_v out_o some_o spy_n to_o learn_v the_o strength_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o town_n who_o bring_v he_o a_o very_a kind_n and_o hopeful_a account_n he_o decamp_v by_o night_n and_o rush_v sudden_o into_o the_o town_n order_v his_o man_n to_o make_v a_o great_a shout_n thereby_o to_o strike_v a_o great_a terror_n into_o those_o within_o owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n the_o governor_n be_v surprise_v with_o such_o a_o unexpected_a uproar_n make_v all_o possible_a haste_n to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o have_v hear_v the_o shout_n and_o think_v that_o his_o man_n be_v at_o his_o heel_n fall_v in_o among_o the_o enemy_n but_o have_v none_o to_o support_v he_o his_o man_n be_v all_o flee_v he_o be_v after_o a_o manful_a defence_n cut_v in_o piece_n and_o so_o the_o town_n be_v take_v gruffydh_n burn_v every_o thing_n to_o the_o ground_n except_v the_o castle_n which_o be_v also_o sore_o deface_v and_o then_o return_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o spoil_n and_o booty_n to_o his_o usual_a residence_n at_o stratywy_a his_o force_n be_v considerable_o increase_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o many_o stout_a young_a man_n who_o come_v to_o he_o from_o all_o quarter_n and_o think_v that_o fortune_n so_o prosper_v his_o arm_n that_o no_o body_n be_v able_a to_o stand_v before_o he_o after_o this_o he_o march_v to_o gwyr_n but_o william_n de_fw-fr londres_n think_v it_o impossible_a to_o stand_v before_o he_o forsake_v the_o castle_n with_o all_o his_o man_n in_o all_o haste_n so_o that_o when_o gruffydh_n be_v come_v thither_o he_o find_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o cattle_n and_o spoil_n and_o none_o to_o own_o they_o and_o therefore_o have_v burn_v down_o the_o castle_n he_o carry_v away_o every_o thing_n of_o value_n in_o the_o country_n when_o the_o cardiganshire_n man_n hear_v how_o fortunate_o he_o succeed_v in_o all_o his_o attempt_n and_o be_v extreme_o fearful_a lest_o his_o next_o expedition_n shall_v be_v against_o they_o send_v to_o he_o desire_v he_o as_o be_v their_o near_a relation_n and_o country_n man_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n over_o they_o gruffydh_fw-mi willing_o accept_v of_o their_o offer_n and_o come_v thither_o be_v joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o chief_a man_n in_o the_o country_n who_o be_v cadifor_n ap_fw-mi grono_n howel_n ap_fw-mi
resolve_v to_o keep_v the_o passage_n or_o to_o die_v upon_o the_o spot_n the_o king_n find_v they_o so_o resolute_a desire_v they_o to_o go_v to_o meredith_n and_o propose_v to_o he_o a_o agreement_n of_o peace_n which_o he_o and_o his_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n accept_v of_o and_o promise_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n 10000_o head_n of_o cattle_n in_o retribution_n for_o former_a offence_n and_o so_o king_n henry_n leave_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o peaceable_a and_o quiet_a posture_n in_o wales_n and_o appoint_v the_o lord_n fitz-warren_n warden_n or_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o march_n return_v to_o england_n but_o when_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o country_n the_o welsh_a can_v never_o forbear_v quarrel_v a.d._n 1120_o with_o each_o other_o for_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n who_o have_v be_v now_o for_o some_o time_n quiet_a fall_v upon_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi sulhaern_n and_o for_o what_o reason_n not_o discover_v treacherous_o slay_v he_o but_o the_o next_o year_n a.d._n 1121_o there_o happen_v another_o occasion_n of_o disturbance_n and_o fall_v out_o among_o the_o welsh_a for_o eineon_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n die_v leave_v all_o his_o share_n of_o powy_n and_o merionyth_n to_o his_o brother_n meredith_n but_o his_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n think_v that_o these_o land_n more_o proper_o belong_v to_o he_o eject_v his_o nephew_n meredith_n to_o who_o his_o brother_n eineon_n have_v leave_v they_o and_o take_v possession_n of_o they_o himself_o and_o what_o augment_v these_o difference_n king_n henry_n set_v now_o at_o liberty_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n meredith_n nephew_n who_o have_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n detain_v in_o prison_n who_o come_v to_o his_o own_o country_n be_v in_o expectation_n to_o enjoy_v his_o estate_n which_o upon_o his_o be_v put_v in_o custody_n his_o relation_n have_v divide_v betwixt_o they_o of_o which_o the_o great_a share_n fall_v to_o his_o uncle_n meredith_n but_o when_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n be_v inform_v how_o that_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n contrary_a to_o all_o justice_n have_v take_v away_o by_o force_n the_o land_n of_o his_o nephew_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n he_o send_v his_o son_n cadwalhon_n and_o owen_n with_o a_o army_n into_o merionyth_n who_o conquer_a and_o bring_v to_o subjection_n all_o the_o country_n carry_v away_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o people_n and_o all_o the_o cattle_n to_o lhyn_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahaern_n and_o cruel_o waste_v and_o destroy_v it_o by_o reason_n that_o he_o have_v countenance_v the_o do_n of_o their_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n but_o these_o inward_a clashing_n and_o animosity_n concern_v estate_n and_o title_n be_v second_v by_o most_o unnatural_a bloodshed_n and_o unparalleled_a cruelty_n for_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n when_o he_o find_v that_o his_o nephew_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o that_o it_o a.d._n 1122_o be_v impracticable_a to_o keep_v merionyth_n from_o he_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o practice_n that_o upon_o his_o nephew_n which_o he_o have_v fail_v to_o effect_v upon_o another_o and_o therefore_o lest_o his_o other_o nephew_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n shall_v meet_v with_o the_o like_a help_n and_o encouragement_n to_o recover_v those_o land_n which_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o of_o which_o his_o uncle_n actual_o enjoy_v a_o considerable_a share_n meredith_n think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o prevent_v all_o manner_n of_o dispute_n by_o send_v ithel_n out_o of_o the_o world_n which_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n he_o treacherous_o effect_v nor_o be_v this_o the_o only_a murder_n commit_v at_o this_o time_n for_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n exceed_v he_o far_o and_o slay_v his_o three_o uncle_n grono_n riryd_n and_o meilyr_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n but_o which_o be_v most_o unnatural_a of_o all_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n kill_v his_o brother_n meredith_n a_o crime_n most_o execrable_a though_o he_o do_v afterward_o repent_v of_o it_o a.d._n 1124_o not_o long_o after_o this_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n by_o the_o false_a and_o invidious_a accusation_n of_o the_o norman_n be_v dispossess_v of_o all_o the_o land_n which_o king_n henry_n have_v former_o grant_v he_o and_o which_o he_o have_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n peaceable_o enjoy_v and_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o year_n die_v daniel_n ap_fw-mi sulgien_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o archdeacon_n of_o powy_n a_o man_n of_o extraordinary_a piety_n and_o learning_n and_o one_o who_o make_v it_o his_o continual_a employment_n to_o endeavour_v to_o work_v a_o reconciliation_n betwixt_o north-wales_n and_o powy_n which_o in_o his_o time_n be_v at_o perpetual_a variance_n and_o enmity_n with_o one_o another_o the_o next_o year_n die_v likewise_o a.d._n 1125_o gruffydh_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n owen_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n have_v get_v into_o his_o hand_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n deliver_v he_o to_o pain_n fitz-john_n to_o be_v keep_v safe_a prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o bridgnorth_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o meredith_n have_v slay_v meyric_n his_o cousin-german_a and_o very_o barbarous_o have_v pull_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o two_o more_o of_o his_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o griffri_n this_o cruel_a and_o inhuman_a custom_n of_o pluck_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o such_o as_o they_o hate_v or_o fear_v be_v too_o frequent_o practise_v in_o wales_n for_o the_o a.d._n 1126_o follow_a year_n jevaf_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n serve_v two_o of_o his_o brethren_n after_o this_o unnatural_a manner_n and_o think_v that_o too_o little_a pass_v a_o sentence_n of_o perpetual_a banishment_n upon_o they_o a_o little_a after_o his_o brother_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi owen_n slay_v jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n but_o all_o this_o mischief_n practise_v by_o these_o two_o brother_n jevaf_a and_o lhewelyn_n turn_v at_o last_o upon_o themselves_o for_o their_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n being_n apprehensive_a that_o his_o two_o nephew_n be_v a_o considerable_a rub_n in_o his_o way_n and_o if_o they_o troop_v off_o that_o all_o their_o estate_n will_v of_o right_a fall_n to_o he_o slay_v jevaf_n outright_o and_o have_v pluck_v out_o lhewelyn_n eye_n castrate_v he_o for_o fear_v he_o shall_v beget_v any_o child_n to_o inherit_v his_o land_n after_o he_o these_o no_o doubt_n be_v implacable_a time_n when_o for_o the_o least_o offence_n nay_o sometime_o suspicion_n murder_n be_v so_o open_o and_o incorrigible_o commit_v which_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v attribute_v to_o this_o one_o principle_n that_o so_o many_o petty_a state_n have_v equal_a power_n and_o authority_n in_o their_o own_o territory_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o none_o but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n still_o endeavour_v to_o outvie_v and_o overtop_n each_o other_o and_o so_o nearness_n of_o relation_n give_v way_n to_o ambition_n they_o never_o regard_v those_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n so_o that_o themselves_o may_v add_v to_o their_o strength_n and_o increase_v their_o estate_n by_o their_o fall_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n meyric_n slay_v lhywarch_n and_o his_o son_n madawc_n his_o own_o cousin_n but_o before_o he_o can_v make_v any_o advantage_n of_o their_o death_n he_o be_v himself_o serve_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o the_o only_a person_n who_o afterward_o repent_v of_o such_o a_o foul_a crime_n be_v morgan_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n who_o be_v severe_o trouble_v in_o mind_n for_o the_o murder_n he_o have_v late_o commit_v upon_o his_o brother_n meredith_n take_v a_o journey_n to_o jerusalem_n to_o expiate_v for_o his_o crime_n and_o in_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o dye_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o cyprus_n but_o this_o treacherous_a way_n of_o private_a murder_v those_o by_o who_o they_o be_v offend_v can_v not_o be_v forget_v among_o the_o welsh_a for_o eineon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n a.d._n 1129_o calling_n to_o mind_n how_o that_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n have_v base_o slay_v three_o of_o his_o brother_n and_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o his_o be_v at_o nanhewdwy_n assist_v by_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi grono_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o about_o the_o same_o time_n that_o great_a usurper_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n who_o by_o most_o unnatural_a and_o most_o hellish_a practice_n have_v get_v the_o land_n of_o all_o his_o brother_n and_o nephew_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v become_v a_o man_n of_o the_o great_a strength_n and_o sway_n in_o powy_n dye_v of_o a_o severe_a fit_a of_o sickness_n which_o reduce_v he_o to_o that_o
each_o other_o but_o a.d._n 1142_o short_o after_o this_o a_o irreconcilable_a difference_n fall_v out_o betwixt_o anarawd_n son_n to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o his_o father_n in_o law_n cadwallader_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o brother_n to_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n which_o from_o word_n quick_o proceed_v to_o blow_n in_o this_o scuffle_n anarawd_n be_v unhappy_o slay_v which_o so_o exasperate_v prince_n owen_n against_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n that_o together_o with_o his_o son_n howel_n he_o march_v with_o a_o army_n into_o his_o brother_n country_n and_o after_o a_o considerable_a waste_n and_o destruction_n burn_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n cadwallader_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o prince_n owen_n approach_n withdraw_v himself_o and_o flee_v to_o ireland_n where_o have_v hire_v a_o great_a number_n of_o irish_a and_o scots_a for_o two_o thousand_o mark_n under_o the_o command_n of_o octer_n and_o the_o son_n of_o turkel_n and_o cherulf_n he_o strike_v sail_n for_o wales_n and_o land_v at_o abermenay_n in_o carnarvonshire_n the_o prince_n to_o protract_v no_o time_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o prevent_v their_o far_a progress_n into_o the_o country_n and_o both_o army_n be_v come_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o a_o peace_n be_v happy_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o two_o brother_n the_o irish_a understanding_n this_o and_o how_o that_o their_o come_n over_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v but_o a_o fool_n be_v errant_a to_o they_o they_o surprise_v and_o secure_v cadwallader_n till_o their_o wage_n and_o arrear_n be_v pay_v who_o to_o obtain_v his_o liberty_n deliver_v to_o they_o two_o thousand_o head_n of_o cattle_n beside_o many_o prisoner_n and_o other_o booty_n which_o they_o have_v take_v in_o the_o country_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o prince_n be_v inform_v that_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n be_v set_v loose_a without_o any_o far_a demur_n upon_o the_o case_n he_o fall_v in_o upon_o the_o irish_a and_o have_v slay_v a_o very_a considerable_a number_n of_o they_o recover_v all_o the_o booty_n they_o purpose_v to_o ship_v off_o and_o force_v as_o many_o as_o can_v escape_v to_o return_v with_o great_a loss_n and_o a_o great_a shame_n back_o to_o ireland_n but_o the_o norman_n speed_v far_o better_a in_o wales_n hugh_n son_n to_o radulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n have_v fortify_v his_o castle_n of_o cymaron_n set_v upon_o and_o win_v the_o country_n of_o melienyth_n a_o second_o time_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o clun_n be_v fortify_v by_o another_o lord_n all_o eluel_n become_v subject_a to_o the_o norman_n the_o same_o time_n king_n stephen_n take_v geoffrey_n mandeville_n prisoner_n at_o s._n alban_n where_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n by_o the_o slip_n of_o his_o horse_n be_v like_a to_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o river_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o mandeville_n to_o obtain_v his_o liberty_n deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o tower_n of_o london_n with_o the_o castle_n of_o walden_n and_o plassey_n which_o reduce_v he_o to_o that_o condition_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o live_v upon_o the_o plunder_n and_o spoil_n of_o abbey_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n till_o at_o length_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o skirmish_n against_o the_o king_n and_o his_o son_n banish_v the_o kingdom_n the_o next_o year_n a_o skirmish_n happen_v betwixt_o hugh_n a.d._n 1144_o de_fw-fr mortimer_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi howel_n wherein_o the_o latter_a be_v take_v prisoner_n with_o many_o other_o of_o his_o accomplice_n who_o be_v all_o commit_v to_o prison_n by_o the_o english_a but_o it_o fare_v much_o better_o with_o howel_n and_o conan_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n who_o have_v raise_v a_o army_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n gain_v a_o considerable_a victory_n at_o aberteifi_n and_o have_v place_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o town_n return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o much_o booty_n about_o the_o same_o time_n sulien_n ap_fw-mi rhythmarch_n one_o of_o the_o college_n of_o lhanbadarn_n and_o a_o person_n of_o great_a read_n and_o extensive_a learning_n depart_v this_o life_n short_o after_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n come_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o force_n to_o dyfed_a and_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o caermardhyn_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o son_n of_o vchtryd_v hugh_n mortimer_n a.d._n 1145_o likewise_o slay_v meyric_n ap_fw-mi madawc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n ap_fw-mi bleddu_n and_o meredic_n ap_fw-mi madawc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n and_o so_o far_o it_o go_v of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o english_a but_o now_o the_o welsh_a begin_v to_o gain_v ground_n cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dynefowr_n belong_v to_o earl_n gilbert_n which_o be_v surrender_v up_o cadelh_n assist_v by_o his_o brethren_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n bring_v his_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o caermardhyn_n which_o after_o a_o short_a siege_n yield_v in_o like_a manner_n reserve_v only_o this_o one_o condition_n that_o the_o garrison_n shall_v not_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v to_o lhanstephan_n and_o set_v before_o the_o castle_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o which_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n come_v with_o their_o force_n be_v shameful_o vanquish_v and_o overcome_v and_o so_o the_o castle_n be_v easy_o deliver_v up_o to_o the_o welsh_a but_o the_o norman_n be_v so_o cruel_o nettle_v at_o this_o that_o they_o muster_v up_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v possible_o draw_v together_o out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n and_o unexpected_o surround_v the_o castle_n intend_v by_o all_o possible_a mean_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o but_o the_o governor_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi a_o man_n of_o great_a year_n and_o no_o less_o experience_n so_o animate_v and_o encourage_v the_o besiege_v that_o when_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n venture_v to_o scale_v the_o wall_n they_o be_v bear_v back_o with_o such_o vigour_n and_o loss_n of_o their_o side_n that_o at_o length_n they_o be_v compel_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o leave_v the_o welsh_a in_o possession_n of_o the_o castle_n short_o after_o this_o run_v the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n of_o north-wales_n a_o youth_n of_o excellent_a hope_n and_o incomparable_a qualification_n dye_v who_o death_n his_o father_n take_v so_o much_o to_o heart_n that_o for_o some_o time_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v past_o all_o comfort_n be_v fall_v into_o such_o a_o melancholy_a disposition_n that_o he_o be_v divert_v with_o nothing_o but_o retirement_n but_o a_o accident_n fall_v out_o which_o rouse_v he_o out_o of_o this_o lethargical_a fit_a of_o sorrow_n and_o discontent_n the_o castle_n of_o mould_n be_v so_o very_o strong_a and_o well_o garrison_v by_o the_o english_a that_o it_o mighty_o annoy_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o and_o have_v be_v frequent_o besiege_v but_o can_v never_o be_v take_v prince_n owen_n at_o this_o time_n levy_v a_o army_n and_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o it_o and_o the_o garrison_n for_o several_a assault_n behave_v itself_o so_o manful_o that_o the_o place_n seem_v impregnable_a and_o invincible_a but_o the_o presence_n and_o example_n of_o prince_n owen_n so_o encourage_v his_o man_n that_o they_o fall_v on_o with_o all_o possible_a vigour_n and_o may_v and_o at_o last_o force_v their_o entrance_n into_o the_o castle_n have_v put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o take_v the_o rest_n prisoner_n the_o castle_n be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o this_o fortunate_a attempt_n so_o please_v the_o prince_n that_o he_o forget_v all_o sorrow_n for_o his_o son_n and_o return_v to_o his_o usual_a temper_n and_o accustom_a merriment_n at_o the_o same_o time_n king_n stephen_n of_o england_n obtain_v a_o remarkable_a victory_n over_o his_o enemy_n at_o farendon_n and_o although_o the_o ensue_a year_n rondel_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o he_o be_v reconcile_v yet_o he_o think_v it_o more_o adviseable_a to_o detain_v he_o prisoner_n though_o contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o earl_n will_v deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n of_o lincoln_n with_o all_o the_o fort_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n in_o his_o custody_n a.d._n 1146_o the_o next_o year_n cadelh_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n bring_v a_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o gwys_n but_o find_v themselves_o too_o weak_a to_o master_v it_o they_o desire_v howel_n son_n to_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n a_o person_n famous_o remarkable_a for_o martial_a endowment_n to_o come_v to_o their_o assistance_n howel_n who_o be_v ever_o very_o desirous_a to_o signalise_v himself_o and_o to_o evidence_n his_o valour_n to_o the_o world_n ready_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n and_o have_v draw_v his_o force_n together_o march_v direct_o towards_o
know_v deprive_v of_o his_o estate_n and_o banish_v the_o country_n also_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n who_o malign_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o own_a subjection_n to_o no_o other_o than_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whereas_o those_o of_o powis_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v joint_o consent_v to_o this_o invitation_n the_o king_n of_o england_n accept_v of_o their_o proposal_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o west-chester_n and_o encamp_v upon_o the_o marsh_n call_v saltney_n in_o welsh_a morfa-caer-lleon_a prince_n owen_n all_o this_o while_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o this_o intend_a invasion_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n he_o march_v his_o army_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o england_n and_o encamp_v at_o basingwerk_n resolve_v to_o give_v the_o english_a battle_n king_n henry_n understanding_n of_o the_o prince_n resolution_n detach_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a troop_n out_o of_o the_o main-body_n under_o the_o command_n of_o several_a earl_n and_o other_o lord_n and_o send_v they_o towards_o the_o prince_n camp_n but_o after_o they_o have_v advance_v some_o little_a way_n and_o be_v pass_v through_o a_o wood_n call_v coed-eulo_a david_n and_o conan_n prince_n owen_n son_n unexpected_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o what_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o suddeness_n of_o the_o action_n the_o english_a be_v bear_v down_o with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n and_o those_o who_o survive_v narrow_o escape_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n this_o be_v a_o very_a unwelcome_a beginning_n to_o king_n henry_n but_o however_o in_o order_n to_o prosper_v better_a hereafter_o he_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o decamp_v from_o saltney_n and_o to_o rank_v his_o troop_n along_o the_o sea-coast_n think_v thereby_o to_o get_v betwixt_o prince_n owen_n and_o his_o country_n which_o if_o he_o can_v effect_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o reduce_v the_o welsh_a to_o a_o very_a great_a inconveniency_n but_o the_o prince_n foresee_v the_o danger_n of_o this_o retire_v with_o his_o army_n to_o a_o place_n call_v cîl_a owen_n that_o be_v owen_n retreat_n which_o when_o king_n henry_n perceive_v he_o let_v fall_v his_o design_n 5._o lib._n 2._o cap._n 5._o and_o come_v to_o ruthlan_n w._n parnus_n write_v that_o in_o this_o expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a king_n henry_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n in_o pass_v through_o a_o strait_a at_o counsylth_n near_o flint_n where_o henry_n earl_n of_o essex_n who_o by_o inheritance_n enjoy_v the_o office_n of_o bear_v the_o standard_n of_o england_n be_v overcharge_v by_o the_o enemy_n cast_v down_o the_o same_o and_o flee_v this_o accident_n so_o encourage_v the_o welsh_a that_o they_o bear_v on_o so_o violent_o that_o the_o king_n himself_o narrow_o escape_v have_v of_o his_o party_n eustace_n fitz-john_n and_o rob._n curcie_o two_o valiant_a knight_n together_z with_o several_z other_o of_o his_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n slay_v in_o the_o action_n after_o this_o prince_n owen_n decamp_v from_o cîl_n owen_n and_o entrench_v himself_o upon_o bryn_n y_fw-fr pin_n where_o little_a of_o moment_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o two_o army_n only_o some_o slight_a skirmish_n happen_v frequent_o king_n henry_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o during_o his_o stay_n there_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n sail_v with_o the_o english_a fleet_n to_o anglesey_n and_o have_v put_v some_o man_n on_o shore_n they_o burn_v two_o church_n and_o ravage_v part_n of_o the_o country_n about_o but_o they_o pay_v very_o dear_a for_o it_o for_o all_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o island_n be_v meet_v together_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o return_n to_o their_o ship_n and_o cut_v they_o off_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o not_o one_o remain_v to_o bring_v tiding_n to_o the_o fleet_n of_o what_o have_v befall_v they_o but_o they_o on_o board_n quick_o perceive_v what_o have_v happen_v and_o therefore_o think_v it_o not_o very_o safe_a harbour_v upon_o that_o coast_n but_o judge_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o weigh_v anchor_n they_o present_o set_v sail_n for_o chester_n when_o they_o be_v arrive_v thither_o they_o find_v that_o a_o peace_n be_v actual_o conclude_v betwixt_o king_n henry_n and_o prince_n owen_n upon_o these_o article_n that_o cadwallader_n shall_v have_v all_o his_o land_n restore_v to_o he_o and_o he_o receive_v to_o the_o favour_n and_o friendship_n of_o his_o brother_n then_o king_n henry_n leave_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o basingwerk_n well_o man_v and_o fortify_v and_o have_v near_o the_o latter_a found_v a_o public_a structure_n for_o the_o order_n of_o knight_n templar_n return_v to_o england_n but_o the_o trouble_n of_o wales_n do_v not_o end_v with_o he_o for_o jorwerdh_n goch_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n who_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n during_o this_o war_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o yale_n which_o be_v build_v by_o prince_n owen_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o next_o year_n commence_v with_o a_o very_a unfortunate_a a.d._n 1157_o action_n ifor_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n have_v long_o before_o cast_v a_o very_a wishful_a eye_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o estate_n of_o morgan_n ab_fw-la owen_n be_v now_o resolve_v to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v before_o contrive_v and_o as_o covetousness_n seldom_o bear_v any_o regard_n to_o virtue_n or_o honour_n he_o treacherous_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o and_o with_o he_o fell_a gurgan_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n the_o most_o famous_a british_a poet_n of_o his_o time_n morgan_n estate_n ifor_n bestow_v upon_o his_o brother_n jorwerth_n who_o about_o the_o same_o time_n get_v also_o possession_n of_o the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_a but_o these_o inward_a and_o home-bread_n disturbance_n be_v quick_o mitigate_v by_o a_o general_a peace_n which_o be_v present_o after_o this_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o the_o prince_n and_o lord_n of_o wales_n rhys_n ab_fw-la gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n only_o except_v for_o this_o prince_n rhys_n who_o probable_o will_v not_o rely_v too_o far_o upon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n fidelity_n refuse_v to_o consent_n to_o a_o peace_n but_o however_o to_o secure_v himself_o the_o best_a he_o can_v from_o the_o english_a who_o he_o have_v no_o small_a reason_n to_o be_v afraid_a of_o he_o think_v it_o his_o best_a prudence_n to_o issue_n out_o his_o order_n command_v his_o subject_n to_o remove_v their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n to_o the_o wilderness_n of_o tywy_n where_o they_o be_v like_a to_o remain_v secure_a from_o the_o eye_n and_o reach_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o he_o have_v not_o continue_v there_o long_o when_o he_o receive_v a_o more_o positive_a express_v from_o king_n henry_n command_v he_o to_o appear_v forthwith_o at_o his_o court_n and_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o proposal_n of_o peace_n before_o the_o joint_a force_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v send_v to_o fetch_v he_o up_o prince_n rhys_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o threaten_a message_n think_v it_o now_o high_a time_n to_o repent_v of_o what_o he_o have_v afore_o so_o rash_o resolve_v upon_o and_o therefore_o after_o long_a consultation_n he_o judge_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o king_n proposal_n and_o to_o appear_v at_o court_n there_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o rhys_n who_o land_n heretofore_o lay_v scatter_v about_o and_o be_v intermix_v with_o other_o person_n be_v estate_n shall_v enjoy_v cantref_o mawr_z and_o any_o other_o cantref_o which_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o bestow_v upon_o he_o but_o contrary_a to_o this_o article_n the_o king_n assign_v he_o several_a lordship_n and_o other_o land_n far_o remote_a from_o each_o other_o and_o particular_o intermix_v they_o with_o the_o estate_n of_o englishman_n who_o he_o be_v sure_a will_v be_v a_o watch_n and_o a_o curb_n to_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o prince_n rhys_n this_o be_v indeed_o a_o very_a politic_a contrivance_n or_o king_n henry_n to_o keep_v under_o the_o high_a and_o restless_a spirit_n of_o rhys_n but_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o action_n do_v not_o so_o evident_o appear_v in_o break_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a article_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o chap_a and_o bestow_v that_o which_o be_v not_o just_o in_o his_o power_n to_o give_v but_o it_o be_v manifest_o apparent_a that_o the_o english_a of_o these_o time_n be_v main_o concern_v right_a or_o wrong_n to_o oppress_v and_o keep_v under_o the_o welsh_a of_o who_o mortal_a hatred_n to_o subjection_n they_o have_v so_o frequent_o and_o so_o cruel_o feel_v prince_n rhys_n be_v not_o at_o all_o ignorant_a of_o these_o
the_o queen_n his_o mother_n his_o brother_n geffrey_n and_o richard_n the_o french_a king_n the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n together_o with_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n william_n patrick_n with_o several_a other_o valiant_a knight_n and_o gentleman_n but_o the_o old_a king_n have_v a_o stout_a and_o a_o faithful_a army_n consist_v of_o almains_n and_o brabanter_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o dismay_v or_o discourage_v at_o such_o a_o seem_a storm_n and_o which_o make_v he_o more_o bold_a and_o adventurous_a he_o be_v join_v by_o a_o strong_a party_n of_o welshman_n which_o lord_n rhys_n have_v send_v he_o under_o the_o command_n of_o his_o son_n howel_n king_n henry_n overthrow_v his_o enemy_n in_o divers_a encounter_n and_o have_v either_o kill_v or_o take_v prisoner_n most_o of_o they_o who_o be_v rise_v up_o against_o he_o he_o easy_o dissipate_v the_o cloud_n which_o at_o first_o seem_v so_o black_a and_o threaten_a jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n be_v not_o very_o sorry_a to_o see_v the_o english_a clash_n and_o fall_v into_o civil_a dissension_n among_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o take_v advantage_n of_o such_o a_o seasonable_a opportunity_n he_o draw_v his_o army_n against_o caerlheon_n which_o stand_v out_o very_o stiff_o against_o he_o but_o after_o many_o warm_a dispute_n of_o both_o side_n jorwerth_n at_o length_n prevail_v and_o enter_v the_o town_n by_o force_n he_o take_v most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n prisoner_n and_o then_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n it_o be_v surrender_v up_o in_o exchange_n for_o the_o prisoner_n he_o have_v take_v in_o the_o town_n howel_n his_o son_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v busy_a in_o gwent_n î_v coed_n and_o have_v reduce_v all_o that_o country_n except_v the_o castle_n to_o subjection_n he_o take_v pledge_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o he_o and_o to_o withdraw_v their_o allegiance_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o the_o same_o time_n something_o of_o action_n pass_v in_o north-wales_n for_o david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi prince_n of_o north-wales_n bring_v a_o army_n over_o the_o river_n menai_n into_o anglesey_n against_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n who_o keep_v that_o island_n from_o he_o force_v he_o to_o make_v his_o escape_n to_o ireland_n in_o his_o return_n from_o whence_o the_o follow_a year_n he_o be_v accidental_o discover_v and_o seize_v upon_o and_o then_o by_o his_o brother_n order_n commit_v to_o close_a prison_n prince_n david_n have_v bring_v the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n to_o its_o pristine_a state_n of_o subjection_n to_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o move_v all_o manner_n of_o obstacle_n which_o may_v at_o any_o time_n for_o the_o future_a endanger_v its_o fall_n off_o from_o he_o and_o these_o he_o judge_v to_o be_v his_o own_o next_o relation_n a.d._n 1174_o and_o therefore_o he_o expel_v and_o banish_v all_o his_o brethren_n and_o cousin_n out_o of_o his_o territory_n of_o north-wales_n but_o before_o this_o sentence_n be_v put_v in_o execution_n his_o brother_n conan_n die_v and_o so_o escape_v the_o ignominy_n of_o be_v banish_v his_o native_a country_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o the_o jealousy_n of_o a_o ambitious_a brother_n about_o the_o same_o time_n howel_n the_o son_n of_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n of_o caerlheon_n take_v prisoner_n his_o uncle_n owen_n pencarn_n who_o be_v right_a heir_n of_o caerlheon_n and_o gwent_n and_o now_o have_v he_o secure_a and_o to_o prevent_v his_o get_v any_o child_n to_o inherit_v those_o place_n which_o himself_o be_v next_o heir_n to_o he_o first_o pull_v out_o his_o eye_n and_o then_o very_o inhuman_o cut_v off_o his_o testicle_n but_o vengeance_n do_v not_o permit_v such_o a_o base_a action_n to_o go_v unpunished_a for_o upon_o the_o saturday_n follow_v a_o great_a army_n of_o norman_n and_o englishman_n come_v unexpected_o before_o the_o town_n and_o wan_a both_o it_o and_o the_o castle_n notwithstanding_o all_o the_o opposition_n which_o howel_n and_o his_o father_n jorwerth_n make_v though_o this_o last_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o his_o son_n action_n about_o the_o same_o time_n king_n henry_n come_v over_o to_o england_n a_o little_a after_o who_o arrival_n william_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o roger_n de_fw-fr mowbray_n be_v take_v prisoner_n at_o alnewike_n by_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o north_n as_o they_o come_v to_o destroy_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o quarrel_n of_o the_o young_a king_n but_o old_a king_n henry_n have_v commit_v they_o to_o the_o safe_a custody_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n and_o receive_v hugh_n bygod_n earl_n of_o chester_n to_o his_o mercy_n return_v to_o normandy_n with_o a_o very_a considerable_a army_n of_o welshman_n which_o david_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n have_v send_v he_o in_o return_n of_o which_o he_o give_v he_o his_o sister_n emme_n in_o marriage_n when_o he_o be_v arrive_v in_o normandy_n he_o send_v a_o detachment_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o cut_v off_o some_o provision_n which_o be_v go_v to_o the_o enemy_n camp_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o french_a king_n come_v to_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n which_o be_v short_o afterward_o conclude_v upon_o so_o that_o all_o the_o brethren_n who_o have_v all_o this_o time_n maintain_v such_o a_o unnatural_a rebellion_n against_o their_o father_n be_v force_v to_o beg_v the_o old_a king_n forgiveness_n and_o pardon_n for_o all_o their_o former_a misdemeanour_n david_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n begin_v to_o grow_v very_o bold_a and_o assume_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o new_a alliance_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o nothing_o will_v serve_v his_o turn_n but_o he_o must_v put_v his_o brother_n roderic_n in_o prison_n and_o secure_v he_o with_o fetter_n for_o no_o other_o account_n than_o because_o he_o demandod_n his_o share_n of_o his_o father_n land_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o wales_n as_o be_v say_v before_o to_o make_v a_o equal_a division_n of_o the_o father_n inheritance_n between_o all_o the_o child_n and_o therefore_o david_n have_v no_o colour_n of_o reason_n or_o pretence_n to_o deal_v so_o severe_o with_o his_o brother_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o verify_v that_o proverb_n may_v overcome_v right_o but_o though_o prince_n david_n may_v depend_v much_o upon_o his_o affinity_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n yet_o rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n gain_v his_o favour_n and_o countenance_n the_o more_o by_o reason_n that_o he_o let_v slip_v no_o opportunity_n to_o further_o the_o king_n interest_n and_o affair_n in_o wales_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v a_o very_a necessary_a and_o useful_a instrument_n to_o keep_v under_o the_o welsh_a and_o to_o promote_v the_o sure_a settlement_n of_o the_o english_a in_o the_o country_n not_o that_o he_o bear_v any_o love_n or_o affection_n to_o either_o king_n henry_n or_o his_o subject_n but_o because_o he_o be_v sufficient_o reward_v for_o former_a service_n and_o be_v still_o in_o expectation_n of_o receive_v more_o favour_n at_o the_o king_n hand_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o play_v the_o politician_n so_o far_o as_o to_o have_v regard_n to_o his_o own_o interest_n more_o than_o the_o good_a of_o his_o native_a country_n and_o what_o do_v ingratiate_v he_o to_o king_n henry_n most_o of_o all_o upon_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n james_n he_o bring_v all_o such_o lord_n of_o south-wales_n as_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o the_o king_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n at_o gloucester_n namely_o cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madawc_n of_o melyenyth_n his_o cousin-german_a eineon_n clyt_v of_o eluel_n and_o eineon_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n of_o gwerthrynion_n his_o son_n in_o law_n morgan_z ap_fw-mi caradoc_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n of_o glamorgan_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi ifor_n ap_fw-mi meiric_n of_o sengennyth_n and_o sitsylht_v ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n of_o high_a ggo_v all_o three_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n who_o have_v marry_v his_o sister_n together_o with_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n of_o caerlheon_n king_n henry_n be_v so_o well_o please_v with_o this_o stratagem_n of_o rhys_n that_o notwithstanding_o these_o person_n have_v be_v his_o implacable_a enemy_n he_o ready_o grant_v they_o their_o pardon_n and_o receive_v they_o to_o favour_n and_o restore_v to_o jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o caerlheon_n which_o he_o have_v unjust_o take_v from_o he_o a.d._n 1175_o this_o reconciliation_n betwixt_o king_n henry_n and_o these_o welsh_a lord_n some_o of_o the_o english_a in_o wales_n take_v advantage_n of_o and_o more_o particular_o william_n the_o bruce_n lord_n of_o brecnock_n who_o have_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o great_a longing_n to_o gwentland_n can_v not_o bring_v about_o his_o design_n by_o reason_n that_o sitsylht_n ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n the_o person_n of_o great_a sway_n and_o power_n in_o the_o country_n be_v a_o inveterate_a enemy_n to_o all_o the_o english_a but_o be_v now_o reconcile_v to_o the_o king_n william_n de_fw-fr
companion_n and_o slay_v they_o to_o a_o man._n king_n henry_n be_v implacable_o enrage_v at_o this_o news_n and_o so_o cruel_o incense_v that_o he_o present_o raise_v and_o draw_v together_o all_o his_o power_n and_o come_v to_o worcester_n intend_v to_o march_v forward_o to_o wales_n and_o to_o invade_v the_o enemy_n country_n but_o the_o lord_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi a_o subtle_a and_o a_o politic_a prince_n think_v it_o impossible_a to_o withstand_v the_o english_a army_n and_o fear_v the_o king_n puissance_n which_o he_o perceive_v to_o be_v so_o implacable_o bend_v against_o the_o welsh_a go_v in_o person_n to_o worcester_n and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o the_o king_n become_v his_o perpetual_a liegeman_n and_o for_o the_o due_a observance_n of_o this_o contract_n he_o promise_v to_o send_v his_o son_n and_o nephew_n for_o pledge_n but_o when_o he_o will_v have_v persuade_v they_o to_o answer_v his_o request_n the_o young_a man_n consider_v with_o themselves_o how_o former_a pledge_n have_v not_o be_v very_o genteely_a treat_v by_o the_o english_a refuse_v to_o go_v and_o so_o the_o whole_a matter_n rest_v for_o that_o time_n what_o become_v of_o the_o matter_n afterward_o we_o know_v not_o but_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o king_n henry_n return_v to_o england_n satisfy_v with_o rhy_n submission_n for_o we_o hear_v no_o more_o of_o his_o come_n to_o wales_n and_o so_o the_o country_n remain_v quiet_a and_o undisturbed_a for_o a_o long_a time_n till_o at_o length_n the_o welsh_a begin_v to_o fall_v to_o their_o wont_a method_n of_o kill_v and_o murder_v one_o another_o a.d._n 1186_o cadwallader_n prince_n rhy_n son_n be_v private_o murder_v in_o west-wales_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o tie_v gwyn_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v owen_n fychan_n the_o son_n of_o madawe_n a.d._n 1187_o ap_fw-mi meredith_n be_v slay_v by_o night_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o carrergova_n near_o oswestry_n by_o gwenwynwyn_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n but_o what_o be_v most_o unnatural_a of_o all_o lhewelyn_n who_o father_n cadwalhon_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n be_v late_o murder_v by_o the_o englishman_n be_v take_v by_o his_o own_o brother_n who_o very_o barbarous_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n about_o the_o same_o time_n baldwyn_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v attend_v by_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la take_v a_o progress_n into_o wales_n be_v the_o first_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n that_o visit_v that_o country_n who_o authority_n the_o clergy_n of_o wales_n in_o vain_a oppose_v though_o they_o stiff_o allege_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o their_o metropolitan_a church_n of_o s._n david_n in_o this_o visitation_n describe_v by_o giraldus_n in_o his_o itinerarium_fw-la cambriae_fw-la he_o persuade_v many_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o wales_n to_o go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n against_o those_o prevail_a enemy_n of_o christianity_n the_o saracen_n to_o who_o prevail_a greatness_n jerusalem_n itself_o be_v now_o in_o great_a danger_n a.d._n 1188_o to_o become_v subject_a the_o archbishop_n have_v leave_v the_o country_n maelgon_n the_o son_n of_o lord_n rhys_n bring_v all_o his_o power_n against_o tenbigh_n and_o have_v by_o force_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o burn_v the_o whole_a town_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o carry_v away_o very_o considerable_a spoil_n he_o be_v a_o person_n of_o such_o civil_a behaviour_n and_o easy_a access_n of_o so_o comely_a personage_n and_o honesty_n in_o all_o his_o action_n that_o he_o attract_v the_o most_o earnest_a love_n and_o affection_n of_o all_o his_o friend_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o become_v very_o terrible_a and_o formidable_a to_o his_o enemy_n especial_o the_o flemings_n of_o who_o he_o obtain_v divers_a victory_n and_o conquest_n the_o next_o year_n be_v the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1189._o a.d._n 1189_o henry_n the_o second_o surname_v courtmantel_n king_n of_o england_n die_v and_o be_v bury_v at_o fonteverard_n after_o who_o his_o son_n richard_n call_v curdelyon_n be_v by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o peer_n and_o nobility_n of_o england_n crown_v in_o his_o place_n prince_n rhys_n be_v thus_o deprive_v of_o his_o great_a friend_n think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o make_v the_o best_a provision_n he_o can_v for_o himself_o by_o enlarge_a his_o dominion_n and_o extend_v the_o bound_n of_o his_o present_a territory_n and_o therefore_o have_v raise_v all_o the_o strength_n he_o can_v he_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o seynclere_n abercorran_n and_o lhanstephan_n and_o have_v take_v and_o commit_v to_o prison_n maelgw_v his_o son_n who_o be_v the_o great_a thorn_n in_o his_o side_n as_o one_o that_o be_v most_o passionate_o belove_v by_o the_o south-wales_n man_n he_o bring_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o his_o subjection_n then_o he_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o cydwely_n but_o a.d._n 1190_o what_o take_v away_o from_o he_o the_o joy_n of_o all_o this_o good_a fortune_n he_o lose_v his_o daughter_n gwenlhian_n a_o woman_n of_o such_o incomparable_a beauty_n and_o exceed_v in_o all_o feminine_a qualification_n that_o she_o be_v account_v the_o fair_a and_o best_a accomplish_a lady_n in_o all_o the_o country_n and_o not_o long_o after_o she_o die_v gruffydh_n maylor_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n a.d._n 1191_o a_o man_n of_o great_a prudence_n and_o experience_n and_o one_o that_o excel_v all_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o time_n in_o hospitality_n and_o all_o other_o act_n of_o generosity_n and_o liberality_n his_o corpse_n be_v carry_v to_o myfod_n and_o honourable_o inter_v there_o be_v attend_v by_o most_o of_o the_o person_n of_o quality_n throughout_o the_o whole_a country_n he_o have_v issue_n by_o his_o wife_n angharad_n daughter_n of_o owen_n gwynedh_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n a_o son_n call_v madawc_n who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o that_o part_n of_o powy_n call_v from_o he_o powy_n fadawc_n rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n be_v grow_v very_o powerful_a and_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o south-wales_n only_o with_o some_o few_o place_n more_o dynefowr_n hold_v out_o still_o which_o however_o upon_o the_o first_o assault_n he_o make_v against_o it_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o but_o as_o he_o increase_v 〈◊〉_d â—he_v number_n of_o town_n and_o castle_n he_o have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o have_v that_o of_o his_o child_n diminish_v for_o his_o daughter_n gwenlhian_n be_v late_o decease_v and_o now_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o get_v dynefowr_a castle_n into_o his_o possession_n but_o his_o son_n owen_n die_v at_o strata_n florida_n or_o ystratflur_v king_n richard_n be_v go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n against_o the_o saracen_n but_o in_o his_o return_n to_o england_n he_o win_v the_o kingdom_n of_o cyprus_n and_o give_v it_o to_o gwido_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v resign_v his_o former_a title_n to_o he_o during_o his_o stay_n in_o this_o island_n he_o marry_v berengaria_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o navarr_n a.d._n 1192_o maeâ—gon_n prince_n rhy_n son_n have_v be_v now_o detain_v a_o long_a time_n in_o prison_n where_o his_o father_n have_v shut_v he_o up_o but_o be_v at_o last_o utter_o weary_a of_o such_o a_o close_a confinement_n he_o find_v some_o mean_n or_o other_o to_o get_v out_o and_o to_o make_v his_o escape_n his_o father_n prince_n rhys_n be_v not_o so_o trouble_v at_o his_o be_v break_v out_o and_o that_o he_o have_v get_v his_o liberty_n as_o to_o give_v over_o the_o conquest_n which_o all_o this_o while_n he_o have_v go_v so_o furious_o on_o with_o but_o lay_v siege_n to_o lhanhayaden_a castle_n he_o take_v it_o without_o any_o great_a opposition_n and_o bring_v all_o the_o country_n about_o to_o his_o subjection_n and_o what_o favour_v he_o more_o in_o his_o attempt_n against_o the_o english_a king_n richard_z a.d._n 1193_o have_v most_o brave_o signalise_v himself_o against_o the_o infidel_n in_o his_o return_n home_o through_o austria_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o duke_n leopold_n who_o present_v he_o to_o the_o emperor_n henry_n who_o demand_v 200000_o mark_n for_o his_o ransom_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n that_o he_o have_v spoil_v and_o plunder_v the_o island_n of_o sicily_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o as_o rhys_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o king_n richard_n absence_n to_o subject_n south-wales_n so_o roderic_n brother_n to_o david_n prince_n of_o north_n wales_n make_v use_v of_o gothrike'_v the_o king_n of_o man_n help_n to_o get_v the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_n to_o himself_o and_o eject_v his_o brother_n and_o therefore_o enter_v into_o anglâ—sey_n he_o quick_o reduce_v the_o whole_a island_n to_o his_o subjection_n but_o he_o do_v not_o enjoy_v it_o long_o for_o before_o the_o year_n be_v over_o the_o son_n of_o his_o brother_n conan_n come_v with_o a_o army_n against_o he_o and_o force_v he_o together_o with_o the_o
of_o lhanymdhyfri_n thence_o they_o remove_v to_o lhangadoc_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n likewise_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o garrison_n be_v permit_v to_o march_v out_o quiet_o when_o they_o have_v take_v these_o two_o castle_n they_o go_v to_o dinerth_n where_o maelgon_n finish_v the_o castle_n he_o have_v former_o begin_v there_o this_o year_n likewise_o prince_n lhewelyn_n set_v at_o liberty_n his_o uncle_n david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi who_o make_v but_o a_o sorry_a return_n to_o this_o kindness_n for_o instead_o of_o live_v peaceable_o at_o home_n and_o enjoy_v that_o liberty_n that_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o flee_v to_o england_n and_o there_o get_v a_o army_n wherewith_o he_o attempt_v to_o restore_v himself_o to_o his_o ancient_a estate_n of_o north-wales_n but_o he_o miss_v his_o mark_n for_o his_o prudent_a nephew_n immediate_o meet_v he_o on_o his_o march_n and_o give_v he_o a_o shameful_a overthrow_a wherewith_o david_n be_v so_o mighty_o dishearten_v that_o he_o present_o return_v for_o england_n and_o short_o after_o die_v for_o mere_a sorrow_n the_o next_o year_n howel_n a_o blind_a a.d._n 1204_o son_n of_o prince_n rhys_n be_v slay_v at_o camae_n by_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n man_n and_o bury_v just_a by_o his_o brother_n gruffydh_n at_o ystratflur_n but_o notwithwand_v that_o maelgon_fw-mi in_o those_o day_n usurp_v all_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o south-wales_n yet_o his_o brother_n gruffydh_n son_n rhys_n and_o his_o brethren_n wan_a from_o he_o the_o chief_a defence_n of_o all_o that_o country_n to_o wit_n the_o castle_n of_o dynefowr_n and_o lhanymdhyfri_n about_o this_o time_n william_n marshal_n earl_n of_o pembrock_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n and_o take_v it_o and_o not_o long_o after_o maelgon_n a.d._n 1205_o hire_a a_o irishman_n to_o kill_v gadifor_n ap_fw-mi griffri_n after_o which_o horrid_a fact_n maelgon_v seize_v upon_o his_o four_o son_n and_o put_v they_o to_o death_n these_o be_v forward_o promise_v young_a gentleman_n and_o descend_v from_o a_o noble_a stock_n for_o their_o mother_n susanna_n be_v a_o daughter_n of_o the_o say_v howel_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n by_o a_o daughter_n of_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powy_n in_o the_o year_n 1206._o maelgon_v a.d._n 1206_o build_v a_o castle_n at_o abereneon_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v such_o abundance_n of_o fish_n see_v at_o aberystwyth_n that_o the_o like_a number_n be_v never_o know_v to_o have_v come_v there_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n before_o a.d._n 1207_o this_o year_n the_o king_n of_o england_n banish_v the_o realm_n william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n and_o his_o wife_n on_o the_o account_n of_o a_o grudge_n that_o he_o bear_v his_o son_n and_o then_o seize_v upon_o all_o his_o land_n whereupon_o william_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o son_n flee_v to_o ireland_n and_o there_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n and_o this_o hardship_n he_o now_o undergo_v be_v the_o less_o pity_v because_o he_o exercise_v the_o great_a power_n he_o have_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n with_o extreme_a cruelty_n and_o injustice_n the_o same_o year_n gwenwynwyn_n come_v to_o shrewsbury_n to_o speak_v with_o the_o king_n council_n where_o he_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n whereupon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n conquer_v all_o his_o country_n take_v all_o his_o town_n and_o castle_n and_o garrison_v they_o for_o his_o own_o use_n this_o expedition_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n mighty_o alarm_v the_o usurp_a maelgon_n and_o the_o more_o because_o he_o have_v intelligence_n that_o lhewelyn_n be_v on_o his_o march_n towards_o south-wales_n therefore_o he_o now_o put_v himself_o in_o the_o best_a posture_n he_o can_v to_o receive_v he_o but_o find_v himself_o not_o able_a to_o abide_v the_o prince_n come_v and_o to_o withstand_v his_o force_n he_o demolish_v his_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n ystratmeyric_n and_o dinerth_n which_o before_o he_o have_v fortify_v notwithstanding_o which_v the_o prince_n come_v to_o aberystwyth_n and_o rebuild_v the_o castle_n and_o put_v a_o garrison_n therein_o after_o this_o he_o seize_v upon_o the_o cantref_o of_o penwedic_n and_o the_o land_n betwixt_o dyfi_n and_o aeron_n which_o he_o give_v to_o maelgon_n nephew_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o triumph_n not_o long_o after_o rhys_n fychan_n son_n to_o prince_n rhys_n besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangadoc_n and_o take_v it_o contrary_a to_o the_o promise_n and_o league_n he_o have_v make_v with_o his_o nephew_n forget_v likewise_o how_o free_o and_o ready_o they_o have_v administer_v to_o he_o in_o his_o necessity_n therefore_o to_o be_v avenge_v of_o this_o ingratitude_n and_o breach_n of_o promise_n rhys_n and_o owen_n no_o soon_o hear_v of_o it_o but_o they_o furious_o attack_v the_o castle_n and_o take_v it_o by_o assault_n and_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n or_o take_v prisoner_n all_o the_o garrison_n and_o then_o burn_v the_o castle_n to_o the_o ground_n a.d._n 1209_o this_o year_n king_n john_n levy_v a_o powerful_a army_n with_o which_o he_o make_v a_o voyage_n to_o ireland_n but_o as_o he_o be_v on_o the_o border_n of_o wales_n on_o his_o journey_n thitherwards_o there_o be_v a_o criminal_a bring_v before_o he_o who_o have_v murder_v a_o priest_n the_o officer_n desire_v to_o know_v the_o king_n pleasure_n how_o he_o will_v have_v the_o delinquent_n punish_v but_o the_o king_n instead_o of_o order_v any_o punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o he_o suitable_a to_o the_o heinousness_n of_o his_o crime_n discharge_v he_o with_o a_o well_o do_v thou_o good_a servant_n thou_o have_v slay_v my_o enemy_n for_o such_o he_o reckon_v the_o clergy_n of_o those_o day_n who_o be_v very_o ill-affected_a to_o his_o usurp_a arbitrary_a government_n and_o therefore_o he_o slight_o regard_v any_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v they_o nay_o think_v those_o do_v he_o good_a service_n who_o do_v they_o wrong_n he_o have_v not_o be_v long_o in_o ireland_n but_o he_o get_v into_o his_o clutch_n the_o unfortunate_a william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n the_o young_a and_o his_o mother_n maud_n de_fw-fr saint_n valerike_a who_o we_o have_v mention_v afore_o to_o have_v quit_v england_n for_o fear_n of_o he_o and_o to_o have_v flee_v here_o for_o shelter_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o england_n he_o bring_v these_o in_o triumph_n along_o with_o he_o and_o commit_v they_o to_o windsor-castle_n where_o by_o his_o order_n not_o long_o after_o they_o be_v inhuman_o famish_v the_o reason_n of_o king_n john_n displeasure_n against_o william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n lord_n of_o brecnock_n 303._o pag._n 303._o matthew_n paris_n deliver_v to_o be_v this_o when_o the_o pope_n have_v excommunicate_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n the_o king_n to_o prevent_v any_o inconvenience_n that_o may_v ensue_v thereupon_o take_v pledge_n of_o such_o of_o his_o noble_n as_o he_o think_v be_v disaffect_v to_o he_o and_o will_v be_v like_a if_o occasion_n 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and_o rhys_n come_v to_o the_o cantref_o of_o penwedic_n which_o when_o the_o young_a lord_n rhys_n and_o owen_n hear_v of_o and_o be_v assure_v that_o this_o blow_n be_v level_v against_o they_o which_o they_o know_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o bear_v before_o the_o stroke_n be_v strike_v they_o send_v to_o foulke_n to_o sue_v for_o peace_n and_o a_o safe_a conduct_n for_o they_o to_o pass_v to_o the_o court_n of_o england_n this_o be_v grant_v they_o come_v to_o london_n and_o make_v their_o submission_n to_o the_o king_n and_o request_v his_o pardon_n for_o all_o former_a misdemeanour_n they_o give_v up_o all_o pretence_n to_o their_o land_n betwixt_o aeron_n and_o dyfi_n and_o so_o pay_v their_o homage_n they_o be_v dismiss_v very_o gracious_o but_o foulke_n before_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o the_o country_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n and_o place_v a_o strong_a garrison_n therein_o keep_v it_o to_o the_o king_n use_n but_o maelgon_n and_o rhys_n fychan_n a_o couple_n of_o headstrong_a inconstant_a people_n quick_o repent_v they_o of_o the_o peace_n they_o have_v make_v with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o thereupon_o without_o the_o least_o reason_n or_o provocation_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o aberystwyth_n castle_n and_o with_o much_o ado_n have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o they_o destroy_v those_o fortification_n which_o foulke_n have_v late_o erect_v and_o deface_v the_o castle_n to_o the_o ground_n but_o they_o pay_v sauce_n for_o this_o another_o way_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o rhys_n and_o owen_n have_v hear_v that_o their_o uncle_n have_v break_v and_o violate_v the_o king_n peace_n they_o make_v inroad_n into_o isaeron_n which_o be_v maelgon_n country_n and_o have_v slay_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o his_o man_n among_o who_o be_v one_o brave_a and_o lusty_a youth_n call_v bachglâ_n they_o return_v with_o very_o rich_a booty_n a.d._n 1211_o maelgon_n and_o rhys_n fychan_n be_v quick_o follow_v by_o the_o 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they_o then_o the_o lord_n be_v sensible_a of_o the_o truth_n and_o reasonableness_n of_o what_o prince_n lhewelyn_n deliver_v and_o be_v conscious_a to_o themselves_o that_o their_o present_a slavery_n and_o subjection_n to_o the_o english_a be_v whole_o owe_v to_o their_o own_o fear_n and_o cowardice_n swear_v fealty_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o swear_v to_o be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o he_o and_o to_o stick_v by_o each_o other_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n and_o so_o join_v their_o force_n together_o they_o take_v all_o the_o castle_n in_o north-wales_n which_o be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a except_v ruthlan_n and_o dyganwy_n and_o then_o go_v to_o powy_n they_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o robert_n vspont_n have_v build_v at_o mathrafal_n but_o king_n john_n be_v inform_v how_o the_o welsh_a have_v conspire_v against_o he_o and_o that_o they_o have_v take_v and_o sezy_v upon_o almost_o all_o his_o castle_n in_o north-wales_n and_o how_o that_o they_o be_v now_o in_o actual_a besiegement_n of_o mathrafal_n present_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n and_o come_v to_o mathrafal_n quick_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o welsh_a from_o come_v any_o more_o against_o it_o he_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o return_v to_o england_n have_v no_o time_n to_o stay_v any_o long_o in_o wales_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n that_o happen_v betwixt_o he_o and_o his_o nobility_n but_o be_v afterward_o at_o nottingham_n and_o hear_v how_o that_o prince_n lhewelyn_n cruel_o harrass_v and_o destroy_v the_o march_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o welsh_a pledge_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o last_o year_n to_o be_v hang_v among_o who_o be_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o cadwalhon_n and_o madoc_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n son_n to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o eight_o and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n robert_n vepont_n cause_v rhys_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n to_o be_v hang_v at_o shrewsbury_n be_v a_o youth_n of_o about_o seventeen_o year_n of_o age_n and_o so_o cruel_o murder_v the_o innocent_a child_n to_o revenge_v the_o crime_n and_o offence_n commit_v by_o his_o father_n and_o other_o but_o though_o king_n john_n be_v so_o severe_a to_o the_o welsh_a yet_o the_o princess_n of_o north-wales_n be_v more_o dutiful_a and_o favourable_a to_o he_o for_o whilst_o he_o stay_v at_o nottingham_n she_o send_v he_o a_o express_a declare_v how_o that_o the_o baron_n have_v enter_v into_o a_o conspiracy_n with_o the_o french_a king_n against_o he_o and_o that_o this_o latter_a be_v a_o prepare_v and_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o come_v over_o to_o england_n upon_o pretence_n that_o the_o king_n be_v a_o rebel_n and_o bid_v open_a defiance_n to_o the_o holy_a church_n in_o as_o much_o as_o he_o will_v not_o condescend_v nor_o yield_v to_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n request_n and_o in_o confirmation_n of_o all_o this_o she_o tell_v he_o that_o robert_n fitzwalter_n eustace_n de_fw-fr vescy_n and_o stephen_n redell_n be_v secret_o flee_v into_o france_n to_o promote_v and_o carry_v on_o this_o intrigue_n and_o that_o this_o design_n against_o king_n john_n be_v not_o feign_v surmise_n the_o next_o a.d._n 1212_o year_n pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o detach_v one_o of_o his_o nuncio_n to_o wales_n who_o absolve_v prince_n lhewelyn_n gwenwynwyn_n and_o maelgon_n from_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n john_n and_o withal_o give_v they_o a_o strict_a command_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o excommunication_n to_o molest_v and_o annoy_v he_o with_o all_o their_o endeavour_n as_o a_o open_a enemy_n to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n prince_n lhewelyn_n you_o may_v be_v sure_a be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o trouble_a at_o this_o for_o now_o he_o gain_v the_o fit_a opportunity_n imaginable_a to_o restore_v such_o land_n as_o he_o have_v former_o much_o against_o
his_o mind_n deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n be_v the_o inland_n country_n of_o denbigh_n and_o flint_n which_o lhewelyn_n at_o this_o time_n repossess_v himself_o of_o and_o well_o it_o be_v he_o be_v so_o quick_a for_o within_o a_o little_a while_n after_o king_n john_n by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o pandulph_n the_o pope_n legate_n grant_v his_o holiness_n all_o his_o request_n and_o so_o obtain_v absolution_n at_o pandulph_n hand_n and_o upon_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n a_o assurance_n of_o a_o releasement_n from_o that_o ecclesiastical_a bull_n which_o have_v so_o formidable_o roar_v against_o he_o a.d._n 1213_o south-wales_n have_v now_o be_v quiet_a for_o a_o considerable_a time_n and_o they_o that_o use_v to_o be_v common_o very_o turbulent_a and_o contentious_a be_v now_o pretty_a easy_a and_o amicable_a but_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o such_o a_o peaceable_a course_n of_o life_n shall_v hold_v long_o where_o injustice_n and_o oppression_n have_v so_o much_o 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by_o fair_a mean_n and_o so_o have_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n he_o march_v to_o talhwynelgain_o to_o meet_v with_o young_a rhys_n who_o be_v to_o come_v thither_o with_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v raise_v in_o brecknock_n and_o from_o thence_o they_o march_v in_o three_o battle_n towards_o dynefawr_n the_o first_o be_v command_v by_o young_a rhys_n the_o second_o by_o foulke_n and_o owen_n brother_n to_o rhys_n lead_v the_o three_o rhys_n fychan_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o dismay_v at_o their_o number_n but_o think_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o field_n rather_o than_o suffer_v they_o to_o block_n he_o up_o at_o dynefawr_n come_v out_o very_o bold_o and_o give_v they_o battle_n but_o after_o a_o warm_a engagement_n on_o both_o side_n rhys_n fychan_n in_o the_o end_n get_v the_o worse_a and_o after_o a_o loss_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o man_n he_o be_v glad_a at_o last_o to_o make_v his_o escape_n by_o flight_n and_o so_o retire_v to_o dynefawr_n he_o double_v the_o garrison_n of_o that_o place_n but_o think_v the_o town_n of_o lhandeilo-fawr_a not_o to_o be_v tenable_a he_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o keep_v himself_o private_a in_o the_o wood_n and_o other_o desert_a place_n but_o young_a rhys_n and_o foulke_n lay_v siege_n to_o dynefawr_n and_o in_o the_o first_o assault_n come_v on_o so_o fierce_o that_o they_o force_v the_o garrison_n to_o retire_v to_o the_o castle_n which_o for_o some_o time_n they_o defend_v very_o manful_o but_o the_o besieger_n begin_v to_o play_v so_o violent_o with_o their_o batter_a engine_n and_o to_o undermine_v the_o wall_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o governor_n after_o a_o short_a defence_n begin_v to_o capitulate_v give_v three_o pledge_n for_o security_n that_o if_o they_o receive_v no_o relief_n by_o the_o morrow_n at_o noon_n the_o castle_n shall_v be_v surrender_v up_o conditional_o that_o the_o garrison_n shall_v march_v out_o with_o all_o the_o token_n of_o honour_n and_o carry_v their_o arm_n and_o all_o other_o implement_n of_o war_n along_o with_o they_o no_o relief_n be_v arrive_v the_o castle_n the_o next_o day_n be_v according_o surrender_v and_o all_o the_o article_n of_o the_o capitulation_n observe_v and_o so_o young_a rhys_n be_v possess_v of_o dynefawr_n in_o a_o little_a time_n afterward_o bring_v all_o cantref-fawr_a to_o his_o subjection_n when_o rhys_n fychan_n be_v sensible_a how_o the_o stream_n run_v violent_o against_o he_o he_o think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o remove_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o all_o his_o other_o effect_n to_o his_o brother_n maelgon_n country_n and_o so_o leave_v lhanymdhyfry_a castle_n well_o man_v and_o fortify_v he_o depart_v towards_o aberystwyth_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o foulke_n be_v return_v to_o the_o march_n young_a rhys_n come_v with_o a_o army_n consist_v of_o welch_n and_o norman_n before_o lhanymdhyfry_n intend_v to_o besiege_v that_o place_n but_o before_o they_o 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another_o way_n and_o consequent_o in_o no_o good_a condition_n to_o help_v himself_o for_o have_v repent_v of_o all_o the_o indignity_n and_o stubborness_n he_o express_v against_o pope_n innocent_a at_o this_o time_n he_o receive_v penance_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o atone_v for_o all_o the_o severity_n he_o have_v practise_v against_o the_o church_n and_o to_o restore_v himself_o the_o more_o to_o his_o holiness_n favour_n he_o make_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n tributary_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o pope_n in_o pay_v he_o the_o sum_n of_o 1000_o mark_n yearly_a for_o ever_o and_o withal_o recall_v and_o restore_v to_o their_o former_a preferment_n and_o place_n all_o such_o as_o have_v be_v banish_v or_o have_v voluntary_o flee_v the_o kingdom_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o strict_a adherence_n and_o submission_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n nor_o be_v this_o all_o for_o the_o next_o year_n king_n 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entertain_v with_o all_o the_o expression_n and_o token_n of_o joy_n king_n john_n perceive_v how_o powerful_a they_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v and_o how_o that_o the_o country_n do_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n favour_v their_o cause_n think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o nip_v they_o in_o the_o bud_n and_o to_o fall_v upon_o they_o before_o they_o grow_v too_o strong_a and_o therefore_o have_v levy_v his_o force_n he_o march_v together_o with_o william_n martial_a earl_n of_o pembroke_n towards_o the_o castle_n of_o rochester_n be_v arrive_v there_o he_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o the_o governor_n william_n de_fw-fr abbineto_n so_o brave_o defend_v it_o that_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v take_v after_o three_o month_n siege_n but_o at_o length_n the_o king_n man_n bear_v on_o so_o violent_o that_o they_o take_v it_o by_o a_o storm_n where_o beside_o william_n de_fw-fr abbineto_n the_o king_n take_v several_a of_o the_o baron_n prisoner_n this_o be_v a_o ill_a 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but_o rhy_n brother_n maelgon_n and_o owen_n go_v to_o north-wales_n and_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n whilst_o their_o brother_n prince_n rhys_n march_v forward_o to_o cydwely_n and_o have_v raze_v the_o castle_n of_o carnwylheon_n and_o lhyâ—hwr_n bring_v all_o the_o country_n about_o under_o his_o subjection_n but_o this_o be_v â—ot_n enough_o to_o satisfy_v the_o ambitious_a humour_n of_o that_o young_a prince_n for_o have_v once_o taste_v the_o pleasure_n of_o victory_n and_o the_o take_n and_o demolish_n of_o town_n â—e_n be_v resolve_v to_o prosecute_v his_o conquest_n whilst_o fortune_n seem_v to_o favour_v his_o undertake_n and_o therefore_o he_o lead_v his_o army_n against_o talybont_n castle_n which_o belong_v to_o hugh_n de_fw-fr miles_n and_o force_v his_o entrance_n into_o the_o same_o he_o put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n the_o next_o day_n he_o march_v to_o sengennyth_n castle_n but_o the_o garrison_n which_o keep_v it_o think_v it_o fruitless_a and_o to_o no_o purpose_n to_o oppose_v he_o burn_v the_o place_n and_o depart_v to_o ystymlhwynarth_n but_o he_o follow_v they_o at_o the_o heel_n and_o the_o next_o day_n take_v it_o and_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o overran_a the_o country_n in_o such_o a_o violent_a manner_n that_o in_o three_o day_n time_n he_o become_v master_n of_o all_o the_o castle_n and_o fortress_n in_o all_o gowerland_n and_o morgannwe_n and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a victory_n and_o triumph_n at_o the_o same_o time_n rhyt_n fychan_n otherwise_o rhys_n gryg_n young_a prince_n rhy_n uncle_n obtain_v his_o liberty_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n leave_v his_o son_n with_o two_o more_o for_o pledge_n for_o his_o modest_a and_o peaceable_a behaviour_n towards_o his_o subject_n who_o at_o other_o time_n he_o be_v wont_a to_o molest_v and_o oppress_v about_o this_o time_n the_o abbot_n of_o tal_n y_fw-fr llecheu_fw-la and_o tuy_n gwyn_n be_v consecrate_v bishop_n the_o former_a of_o st._n david_n and_o the_o other_o of_o bangor_n but_o the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n who_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o most_o violent_o incline_v against_o king_n john_n and_o be_v otherwise_o unwilling_a to_o part_v with_o what_o he_o have_v get_v in_o wales_n can_v not_o for_o all_o that_o refuse_v the_o injunction_n of_o the_o pope_n by_o who_o express_a command_n he_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n which_o be_v conclude_v in_o his_o return_n homeward_o he_o die_v at_o gloucester_n leave_v his_o estate_n to_o his_o brother_n reginald_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n but_o for_o all_o that_o giles_n de_fw-fr bruce_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n be_v fall_v off_o and_o reconcile_v to_o king_n john_n yet_o prince_n lhewelyn_n do_v not_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o follow_v his_o example_n and_o therefore_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n he_o march_v against_o carmardhyn_n and_o take_v the_o 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joan_n daughter_n to_o king_n john_n of_o england_n one_o son_n call_v david_n who_o afterward_o succeed_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v gladys_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o sir_n ralph_n mortimer_n he_o have_v also_o a_o base_a son_n name_v gruffydh_n who_o his_o brother_n david_n keep_v a_o close_a prisoner_n to_o his_o die_a day_n david_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n be_v decease_v his_o only_a legitimate_a son_n david_n who_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n have_v as_o be_v say_v in_o his_o father_n life-time_n swear_v to_o obey_v legal_o succeed_v in_o the_o government_n wherein_o be_v actual_o confirm_v he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o gloucester_n and_o there_o do_v he_o homage_n appendix_n see_v appendix_n for_o his_o principality_n then_o all_o the_o baron_n both_o english_a and_o welsh_a who_o hold_v any_o land_n in_o wales_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n for_o the_o same_o but_o the_o english_a can_v not_o long_o refrain_v from_o their_o wont_a hostility_n towards_o the_o welsh_a and_o thereupon_o gilbert_n marshal_n take_v advantage_n of_o this_o revolution_n before_o matter_n be_v thorough_o settle_v bring_v a_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o aberteifi_n which_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o he_o he_o fortify_v with_o a_o strong_a garrison_n prince_n david_n be_v as_o yet_o too_o weak_a to_o appear_v in_o the_o field_n and_o indeed_o the_o more_o by_o reason_n that_o several_a of_o his_o nobility_n and_o other_o can_v not_o affectionate_o love_v he_o for_o that_o unnatural_a spleen_n he_o show_v to_o his_o brother_n gruffydh_n who_o for_o no_o visible_a reason_n he_o detain_v in_o close_a custody_n but_o above_o the_o rest_n richard_z bishop_n of_o bangor_n storm_v at_o the_o prince_n and_o find_v that_o he_o violate_v his_o promise_n in_o set_v his_o brother_n at_o liberty_n who_o under_o pretence_n of_o a_o amicable_a consultation_n he_o have_v fraudulent_o seize_v upon_o in_o the_o bishop_n presence_n without_o more_o ado_n excommunicate_v he_o and_o then_o retire_v to_o england_n make_v a_o very_a querimonious_a relation_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o the_o king_n desire_v he_o to_o release_v gruffydh_n out_o of_o prison_n before_o the_o rumour_n of_o so_o heinous_a a_o fact_n shall_v reach_v the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o so_o reflect_v upon_o his_o majesty_n reputation_n king_n henry_n thereupon_o send_v to_o his_o nephew_n prince_n david_n blame_v he_o high_o for_o such_o a_o treacherous_a action_n and_o deal_v so_o severe_o with_o his_o brother_n and_o then_o earnest_o request_v he_o to_o deliver_v gruffydh_n out_o of_o custody_n both_o to_o save_v himself_o from_o perpetual_a defamation_n and_o to_o deserve_v a_o absolution_n from_o the_o severe_a sentence_n pronounce_v against_o he_o but_o david_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o comply_v to_o the_o king_n desire_n assure_v he_o that_o wales_n can_v never_o enjoy_v a_o peaceable_a time_n as_o long_o as_o his_o brother_n gruffydh_n have_v his_o liberty_n gruffydh_n be_v acquaint_v with_o his_o brother_n resolution_n and_o think_v that_o thereby_o he_o have_v unavoidable_o displease_v the_o king_n of_o england_n private_o send_v to_o king_n henry_n assure_v he_o that_o if_o by_o force_n he_o will_v deliver_v he_o out_o of_o prison_n he_o will_v not_o only_o hold_v his_o land_n for_o ever_o from_o he_o but_o also_o pay_v he_o the_o yearly_a acknowledgement_n of_o three_o hundred_o mark_n offer_v both_o to_o give_v his_o corporal_a oath_n and_o to_o deliver_v up_o sufficient_a pledge_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o and_o withal_o to_o assist_v the_o king_n with_o all_o his_o power_n in_o bring_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o his_o subjection_n moreover_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madawc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n positive_o assure_v the_o king_n that_o in_o case_n he_o will_v lead_v a_o army_n into_o wales_n to_o revenge_v the_o falsity_n and_o injurious_a practice_n of_o david_n he_o will_v give_v he_o all_o possible_a aid_n and_o assistance_n indeed_o king_n henry_n beside_o this_o solemn_a invitation_n have_v no_o weak_a pretence_n to_o come_v to_o wales_n for_o richard_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n a_o fiery_a man_n have_v prosecute_v the_o matter_n so_o warm_o at_o rome_n that_o he_o obtain_v of_o the_o pope_n also_o to_o excommunicate_a david_n which_o excommunication_n be_v denounce_v against_o he_o his_o land_n be_v pretend_o forfeit_v but_o the_o king_n be_v chief_o allure_v with_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o welsh_a in_o the_o behalf_n of_o gruffydh_n levy_v a_o very_a formidable_a army_n to_o lead_v to_o wales_n strict_o command_v by_o proclamation_n all_o the_o english_a who_o owe_v he_o any_o martial-service_n to_o repair_v arm_v to_o gloucester_n by_o the_o begin_n of_o autumn_n this_o rendezvouz_n be_v according_o perform_v the_o king_n come_v thither_o in_o person_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v and_o have_v regulate_v his_o troop_n and_o put_v all_o matter_n in_o convenient_a order_n he_o march_v to_o shrewsbury_n where_o he_o remain_v fifteen_o day_n to_o refresh_v his_o army_n during_o his_o stay_n there_o several_a of_o the_o nobility_n become_v suitor_n unto_o he_o on_o behalf_n of_o gruffydh_n who_o condition_n they_o desire_v he_o will_v commiserate_v among_o who_o be_v ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n of_o wigmore_n walter_n clifford_n roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n maelgon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maelgon_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madawc_n of_o bromfield_n howel_n and_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwynedh_fw-mi and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powy_n these_o nobleman_n prevail_v so_o far_o with_o king_n henry_n that_o a_o league_n be_v conclude_v between_o he_o and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffydh_n appendix_n see_v appendix_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o aforesaid_a
man_n not_o without_o a_o considerable_a loss_n of_o their_o own_o side_n aâ—ong_v who_o be_v slay_v a_o valiant_a knight_n call_v huâ—ert_n fitz-matthew_n but_o king_n henry_n be_v weary_a of_o â—hese_fw-mi perpetual_a skirmish_n and_o daily_a clashing_n between_o the_o english_a and_o welsh_a think_v to_o put_v a_o â—nd_n to_o the_o whole_a with_o one_o stroke_n and_o therefore_o â—aised_v a_o very_a great_a army_n of_o english_a and_o gascoignes_n â—nd_v enter_v into_o north-wales_n purpose_v to_o waste_v â—nd_n destroy_v the_o country_n but_o before_o he_o can_v advance_v very_o far_o prince_n david_n intercept_v he_o in_o a_o arrow_n pass_v and_o so_o violent_o set_v upon_o he_o that_o a_o â—reat_a number_n of_o his_o nobility_n and_o brave_a soldier_n â—nd_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o gascoignes_n be_v slay_v the_o king_n find_v he_o can_v effect_v nothing_o against_o the_o welsh_a invite_v over_o the_o irish_a who_o land_v in_o angleâ—ey_n begin_v to_o pillage_n and_o waste_v the_o country_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n gather_v themselves_o together_o in_o a_o body_n quick_o force_v they_o to_o their_o ship_n after_o which_o king_n henry_n have_v victual_v and_o man_v all_o his_o castle_n return_v dissatisfy_v to_o england_n but_o concern_v this_o expedition_n to_o wales_n and_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o english_a army_n therein_o a_o certain_a person_n in_o the_o camp_n par._n mat._n par._n write_v to_o this_o effect_n to_o his_o friend_n â—n_n england_n the_o king_n with_o his_o army_n be_v encamp_v at_o gannock_n and_o be_v busy_a in_o fortify_v that_o place_n sufficient_o strong_a already_o about_o which_o we_o lie_v in_o our_o tent_n in_o watch_v fast_a pray_v and_o freeze_a we_o watch_v for_o fear_v of_o the_o welsh_a who_o be_v use_v to_o come_v sudden_o upon_o we_o in_o the_o nighttime_n we_o fast_o for_o want_v of_o provision_n the_o halfpenny_n loaf_n be_v now_o rise_v and_o advance_v to_o five_o penny_n we_o pray_v that_o we_o may_v speedy_o return_v safe_a and_o scotfree_a home_n and_o we_o freeze_v for_o want_v of_o winter-garment_n have_v but_o a_o thin_a linen_n shirt_n to_o keep_v we_o from_o the_o wind._n there_o be_v a_o small_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n under_o the_o castle_n where_o we_o lie_v which_o the_o tide_n reach_v by_o the_o conveniency_n of_o which_o many_o ship_n bring_v 〈◊〉_d provision_n and_o victual_n from_o ireland_n and_o chester_n this_o arm_n lie_v betwixt_o we_o and_o snowden_n where_o thâ—_n welch_n be_v encamp_v and_o be_v in_o breadth_n when_o thâ—_n tide_n be_v in_o about_o a_o bow-shot_a now_o it_o happen_v that_o upon_o the_o monday_n before_o michaelmas-day_n anâ—_n irish_a vessel_n come_v up_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o haven_n with_o provision_n to_o be_v sell_v to_o our_o camp_n which_o be_v negligent_o look_v to_o by_o the_o mariner_n be_v upon_o low_a ebb_n strand_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o castle_n near_o the_o welsh_a the_o enemy_n perceive_v this_o descend_v from_o the_o mountain_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v fast_o upon_o the_o dry_a sand_n whereupon_o we_o detach_v in_o boat_n three_o hundred_o welsh_a of_o the_o border_n of_o cheshire_n and_o shropshire_n with_o some_o archer_n and_o arm_a man_n to_o rescue_v the_o ship_n but_o the_o welsh_a upon_o the_o approach_n of_o our_o man_n withdraw_v themselves_o to_o their_o usual_a retirement_n iâ—_n the_o rock_n and_o wood_n and_o be_v pursue_v for_o about_o two_o mile_n by_o our_o man_n afoot_o who_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o but_o in_o their_o return_n back_o our_o soldier_n be_v too_o covetous_a and_o greedy_a of_o plunder_n among_o other_o sacrilegious_a and_o profane_a action_n spoil_v the_o abbey_n of_o aberconwey_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o book_n and_o other_o choice_a utensil_n belong_v to_o it_o the_o welsh_a be_v distract_v at_o these_o irreligious_a practice_n get_v together_o in_o great_a number_n and_o in_o a_o desperate_a manner_n set_v upon_o the_o english_a kill_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o follow_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o waterside_n force_v as_o many_o as_o can_v not_o make_v their_o escape_n into_o the_o boat_n to_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o wave_n those_o they_o take_v prisoner_n they_o think_v to_o reserve_v for_o exchange_n but_o hear_v how_o we_o put_v some_o of_o their_o captive_a nobility_n to_o death_n they_o alter_v their_o mind_n and_o in_o a_o revengeful_a manner_n scatter_v their_o dilacerate_v carcase_n along_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o this_o conflict_n we_o lose_v a_o considerable_a number_n of_o our_o man_n and_o chief_o those_o under_o the_o command_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n as_o sir_n alan_n buscell_n sir_n adam_n de_fw-fr maio_n sir_n geoffry_n estuemy_n and_o one_o raimend_v a_o gascoign_n with_o about_o a_o hundred_o common_a soldier_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n sir_n walter_n bisset_n stout_o defend_v the_o ship_n till_o midnight_n when_o the_o tide_n return_v whereupon_o the_o welsh_a who_o assail_v we_o of_o all_o side_n be_v force_v to_o withdraw_v be_v much_o concern_v that_o we_o have_v so_o happy_o escape_v their_o hand_n the_o cargo_n of_o this_o ship_n be_v three_o hundred_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n with_o a_o plenty_n of_o other_o provision_n for_o the_o army_n which_o at_o that_o time_n it_o stand_v in_o very_o great_a need_n of_o but_o the_o next_o morning_n when_o the_o sea_n be_v return_v the_o welsh_a come_v merry_o down_o again_o to_o the_o ship_n think_v to_o surprise_v our_o man_n but_o as_o luck_n will_v have_v it_o they_o have_v at_o full_a sea_n the_o night_n before_o relinquish_v the_o ship_n and_o return_v safe_a to_o the_o camp_n the_o enemy_n miss_v of_o our_o man_n set_v upon_o the_o cargo_n of_o the_o ship_n carry_v away_o all_o the_o wine_n and_o other_o provision_n and_o then_o when_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o slow_a they_o put_v fire_n to_o the_o vessel_n and_o return_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n and_o thus_o we_o lay_v encamp_v in_o great_a misery_n and_o distress_n for_o want_v of_o necessary_n expose_v to_o great_a and_o frequent_a danger_n and_o in_o great_a fear_n of_o the_o private_a assault_n and_o sudden_a incursion_n of_o our_o enemy_n oftentimes_o we_o set_v upon_o and_o assail_v the_o welsh_a and_o in_o one_o conflict_n we_o carry_v away_o a_o hundred_o head_n of_o cattle_n which_o very_o triumphant_o we_o convey_v to_o our_o camp_n for_o the_o scarcity_n of_o provision_n be_v then_o so_o great_a that_o there_o remain_v but_o one_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o whole_a army_n a_o bushel_n of_o corn_n be_v sell_v for_o twenty_o shilling_n a_o feed_a ox_n for_o three_o or_o four_o mark_n and_o a_o hen_n for_o eight_o penny_n so_o that_o there_o happen_v a_o very_a lamentable_a mortality_n both_o of_o man_n and_o horse_n for_o want_v of_o necessary_a sustenance_n of_o life_n the_o english_a army_n have_v undergo_v such_o misery_n as_o be_v here_o describe_v and_o king_n henry_n as_o be_v â—aid_v perceive_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o he_o to_o continue_v â—ny_n long_o in_o wales_n where_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o gain_v no_o great_a credit_n he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n into_o england_n be_v not_o very_o desirous_a to_o make_v another_o expeditiâ—â—_n into_o wales_n then_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o baron_n wales_n and_o those_o that_o have_v favour_v and_o maintainâ—â—_n gruffydh_n cause_n be_v make_v friend_n and_o record_n lead_v to_o prince_n david_n to_o who_o they_o vow_v true_a aâ—â—_n perpetual_a allegiance_n but_o the_o prince_n do_v not_o loâ—â—_n survive_v this_o amity_n and_o agreement_n between_o he_o aâ—â—_n his_o subject_n for_o fall_v sick_a towards_o the_o beginning_n 〈◊〉_d a.d._n 1246_o this_o year_n he_o die_v in_o march_n at_o his_o palace_n in_o aâ—â—â—_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o conwey_n leave_v no_o issue_n to_o succee_v the_o only_a thing_n unpardonable_a in_o this_o prince_n be_v he_o over_o jealousy_n and_o severity_n against_o his_o bâ—â—ther_n gruffydh_n a_o person_n so_o well-beloved_a of_o the_o welsh_a that_o upon_o his_o account_n their_o affection_n be_v much_o coâ—â—ed_v and_o in_o some_o entire_o alienate_v from_o their_o prince_n indeed_o thus_o much_o may_v be_v say_v for_o david_n that_o gruâ—fydh_n be_v a_o valorous_a and_o a_o aspire_a man_n and_o if_o sâ—_n at_o liberty_n will_v bid_v fair_a to_o eject_v he_o out_o of_o 〈◊〉_d principality_n which_o king_n henry_n of_o england_n too_o whâ—_n think_v he_o may_v bring_v over_o david_n a_o mild_a maâ—_n to_o what_o term_n he_o please_v be_v sensible_a of_o when_o 〈◊〉_d will_v by_o no_o persuasion_n dismiss_v he_o from_o custody_n iâ—_n the_o tower_n of_o london_n but_o this_o occasion_v all_o thâ—_n disturbance_n that_o happen_v in_o his_o time_n the_o welâ—â—_n themselves_o for_o the_o love_n they_o bear_v
to_o gruffydh_fw-mi invite_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o come_v to_o invade_v theiâ—_n country_n and_o to_o correct_v the_o unnatural_a enmity_n theiâ—_n prince_n express_v to_o his_o brother_n but_o when_o all_o difference_n be_v over_o the_o king_n of_o england_n return_v with_o his_o army_n shameful_o back_o and_o the_o prince_n anâ—_n his_o nobility_n reconcile_v the_o welsh_a may_v have_v expect_v a_o very_a happy_a time_n of_o it_o have_v not_o death_n take_v the_o prince_n so_o unnatural_o away_o before_o he_o have_v well_o know_v what_o a_o peaceful_a reign_n be_v lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi â—rince_n david_n be_v dead_a the_o principality_n of_o 〈◊〉_d north_n wales_n legal_o descend_v to_o sir_n ralph_n morâ—â—â—er_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n gladys_n daughter_n to_o â—â—â—welyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n but_o the_o welsh_a nobility_n beâ—â—â—_n assemble_v together_o for_o the_o elect_n and_o nominate_v a_o successor_n think_v it_o by_o no_o mean_n advisaâ—â—â—_n to_o admit_v a_o stranger_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o his_o â—â—de_n be_v never_o so_o lawful_a and_o especial_o a_o engâ—â—â—â—man_n by_o who_o obligation_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o engâ—â—â—d_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n expect_v to_o become_v subâ—â—â—s_n or_o rather_o slave_n to_o the_o english_a government_n â—herefore_o they_o unanimous_o agree_v to_o set_v up_o lheâ—â—â—yn_n and_o owen_n goch_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_n a_o base_a 〈◊〉_d of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n and_o brother_n to_o prince_n â—â—vid_v who_o be_v send_v for_o and_o appear_v before_o the_o assembly_n all_o the_o noble_n and_o baron_n then_o present_a 〈◊〉_d they_o homage_n and_o receive_v they_o for_o their_o soâ—â—â—eigns_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n understand_v of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n he_o â—â—ought_v the_o country_n be_v in_o a_o unsettled_a and_o waâ—â—ring_a condition_n he_o may_v effect_v great_a matter_n there_o use_v therefore_o he_o send_v one_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr miles_n to_o south-wales_a with_o the_o title_n of_o justice_n of_o that_o country_n â—â—th_v who_o he_o join_v in_o commission_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi â—â—ys_v gryc_a and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d eject_v and_o disinherit_v maelgon_n fychan_n of_o all_o his_o â—ands_n and_o estate_n in_o south-wales_n the_o like_a injurious_a practice_n be_v commit_v against_o howel_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n â—ho_fw-mi be_v forcible_o rob_v of_o all_o his_o estate_n in_o glamorâ—â—n_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n these_o unreasonable_a exâ—â—tions_n be_v insupportable_a maelgon_n and_o howel_n make_v â—â—own_v their_o grievance_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n desire_v their_o succour_n and_o assistance_n for_o the_o recovery_n â—f_fw-mi their_o lawful_a inheritance_n from_o the_o encroachment_n of_o the_o english_a but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n understand_v their_o design_n lead_v his_o army_n into_o wales_n 〈◊〉_d on_o who_o arrival_n the_o welsh_a withdraw_v themselves_o to_o snowden-hill_n where_o they_o so_o tire_v the_o englâ—â—â—_n army_n that_o the_o king_n find_v he_o can_v do_v no_o goâ—â—_n after_o some_o stay_n there_o return_v back_o to_o england_n wiâ—â—_n in_o a_o while_n after_o ralph_n mortimer_n the_o husband_n gladys_n dhu_n die_v leave_v his_o whole_a estate_n and_o wâ—â—_n it_o a_o lawful_a title_n to_o the_o principality_n of_o north-wales_a to_o his_o son_n sir_n roger_n mortimer_n a.d._n 1247_o the_o next_o year_n nothing_o memorable_a pass_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a 739._o m._n paris_n p._n 739._o only_o the_o dismal_a effect_n the_o last_o year_n expedition_n be_v not_o wear_v off_o 〈◊〉_d ground_n be_v uncapable_a of_o cultivation_n and_o the_o câ—â—â—tel_n be_v in_o great_a measure_n destroy_v by_o the_o englâ—â—â—_n occasion_v great_a poverty_n and_o want_n in_o the_o countâ—â—_n but_o the_o great_a calamity_n befall_v the_o bishop_n s._n asâ—â—â—_n and_o bangor_n be_v destroy_v and_o burn_v by_o the_o english_a the_o bishop_n thereof_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o utmost_a extremity_n as_o to_o get_v their_o subsistence_n by_o other_o meâ—â—_n charity_n the_o bishop_n also_o of_o s._n david_n decease_a aâ—â—_n he_o of_o landaff_n have_v the_o misfortune_n to_o fall_v blind_a 〈◊〉_d the_o bishopric_n of_o s._n david_n succeed_v thomas_n sâ—â—â—â—_n name_v wallensis_n by_o reason_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o walâ—â—_n who_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o benefit_v his_o own_o coâ—â—try_n what_o lie_v in_o his_o power_n desire_v to_o be_v advance_v from_o the_o archdeaconry_n of_o lincoln_n to_o that_o sea_n whicâ—_n the_o king_n easy_o grant_v and_o confirm_v he_o in_o 〈◊〉_d a.d._n 1248_o the_o next_o summer_n prove_v somewhat_o more_o favourablâ—_n to_o the_o welsh_a rhys_n fychan_n son_n to_o rhys_n mechyl_n woâ—_n from_o the_o english_a the_o castle_n of_o carrec_n cynnen_n which_o his_o unkind_a mother_n out_o of_o malice_n or_o some_o ill_a opinion_n entertain_v of_o he_o have_v some_o time_n afore_o private_o deliver_v up_o to_o they_o and_o about_o the_o saâ—â—_n time_n the_o body_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n base_n son_n 〈◊〉_d lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n be_v recover_v from_o the_o king_n oâ—_n england_n by_o the_o earnest_a solicitation_n of_o the_o abboâ—â—_n of_o conwey_n and_o ystratflur_n who_o convey_v it_o to_o conwey_n bestow_v upon_o it_o a_o very_a pompous_a and_o honourable_a innterment_n after_o this_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o welsh_a proceed_v a.d._n 1255_o peaceable_o for_o a_o long_a while_n and_o the_o country_n have_v sufficient_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v its_o former_a plenty_n but_o 〈◊〉_d last_o to_o make_v good_a the_o proverb_n that_o plenty_n beget_v â—â—ar_a they_o begin_v for_o want_v of_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n to_o â—â—arrel_v and_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o owen_n be_v too_o â—â—gh_a and_o ambitious_a to_o be_v satisfy_v with_o half_a the_o prinpality_n and_o therefore_o must_v needs_o have_v a_o fling_n at_o the_o â—hole_a wherein_o fortune_n so_o far_o deceive_v he_o that_o he_o â—â—st_n his_o own_o stake_n as_o will_v afterward_o appear_v but_o â—â—e_v better_a to_o encompass_v his_o design_n by_o sly_a insinuaâ—â—ons_n he_o persuade_v david_n his_o young_a brother_n to_o seâ—â—nd_v his_o cause_n and_o they_o with_o joint_a interest_n levy_v â—â—eir_n power_n with_o intention_n to_o dethrone_v their_o elder_a â—â—other_n lhewelyn_n but_o that_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n 〈◊〉_d lhewelyn_n be_v prepare_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o with_o puissant_a army_n meet_v they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o so_o be_v â—â—â—olved_v to_o venture_v all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d be_v strange_a and_o grievous_a to_o behold_v this_o unnatural_a â—ivil_a war_n and_o the_o more_o grievous_a now_o by_o reason_n â—â—at_v it_o so_o manifest_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o withstand_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o english_a â—ho_fw-mi be_v extreme_o please_v with_o so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n to_o fall_v upon_o they_o but_o they_o be_v too_o far_o enâ—â—ged_v to_o consider_v of_o future_a inconvenience_n and_o a_o â—â—yal_a of_o war_n they_o must_v have_v though_o the_o englishâ—ere_v â—ere_z ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o both_o army_n the_o battle_n â—eing_v join_v the_o day_n prove_v bloody_a of_o both_o side_n â—nd_v whether_o be_v like_a to_o conquer_v be_v not_o present_o discover_v till_o at_o length_n owen_n begin_v to_o give_v â—round_n and_o in_o fine_a be_v overthrow_v himself_o and_o his_o â—rother_n david_n be_v take_v prisoner_n lhewelyn_n â—â—ough_o he_o have_v sufficient_a reason_n will_v not_o put_v his_o â—rothers_n to_o death_n but_o commit_v they_o into_o close_a prison_n seize_v all_o their_o estate_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n â—nd_v so_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a principality_n of_o wales_n the_o english_a see_v the_o welsh_a at_o this_o rate_n oppress_v â—nd_n destroy_v one_o another_o think_v they_o have_v full_a liberty_n to_o deal_v with_o they_o as_o they_o please_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v to_o exercise_v all_o manner_n of_o wrong_n and_o injustice_n against_o they_o insomuch_o that_o the_o next_o year_n all_o a.d._n 1256_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n come_v in_o a_o body_n to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n and_o declare_v their_o grievance_n how_o unmerciful_o prince_n edward_n who_o his_o father_n have_v send_v to_o wales_n and_z other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n deal_n with_o they_o how_o without_o any_o colour_n of_o justice_n they_o seize_v upon_o their_o estate_n without_o any_o room_n for_o appeal_n whereas_o if_o themselves_o offend_v in_o the_o least_o they_o be_v punish_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n in_o fine_a they_o solemn_o declare_v that_o they_o prefer_v to_o die_v honourable_o in_o the_o field_n before_o to_o be_v so_o unmerciful_o enslave_v to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o stranger_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v not_o a_o stranger_n to_o all_o this_o and_o now_o have_v happy_o discover_v the_o bent_n and_o inclination_n of_o his_o subject_n be_v resolve_v to_o prosecute_v if_o possible_a the_o expulsion_n of_o
the_o english_a and_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o they_o for_o their_o most_o cruel_a and_o almost_o inhuman_a practice_n towards_o the_o welsh_a have_v therefore_o draw_v all_o his_o power_n together_o be_v accompany_v by_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n gryc_a in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o week_n he_o recover_v out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a all_o the_o inland_n country_n of_o north-wales_n and_o then_o all_o merionyth_n with_o such_o land_n as_o prince_n edward_n have_v usurp_v in_o cardigan_n which_o he_o bestow_v upon_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi have_v also_o force_v rhys_n fychan_n out_o of_o buelht_n he_o confer_v it_o upon_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n bestow_v all_o the_o land_n which_o he_o recover_v between_o his_o noble_n reserve_v nothing_o to_o his_o own_o use_n beside_o gwerthryneon_n the_o a.d._n 1257_o estate_n of_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n the_o next_o summer_n he_o enter_v into_o powy_n and_o make_v war_n against_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n who_o always_o have_v take_v part_n with_o and_o own_a subjection_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o he_o total_o overcome_v except_v the_o castle_n of_o poole_n some_o small_a part_n of_o caerneon_n and_o the_o country_n lie_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o severn_n but_o rhys_n fychan_n be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o buelht_n and_o therefore_o be_v resolve_v to_o try_v ro_o recover_v it_o to_o which_o end_n he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n of_o who_o he_o obtain_v a_o very_a strong_a army_n command_v by_o one_o stephen_n bacon_n which_o be_v send_v by_o sea_n land_v at_o caermardhyn_n in_o the_o whitsun-week_n from_o thence_o the_o english_a march_v to_o dynefawr_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n which_o valiant_o hold_v out_o until_o lhewelyn_n army_n come_v to_o its_o relief_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o welsh_a the_o english_a decamp_v from_o before_o the_o castle_n and_o put_v themselves_o in_o posture_n of_o battle_n which_o the_o welsh_a perceive_v they_o make_v all_o haste_n to_o answer_v and_o oppose_v they_o whereupon_o there_o ensue_v a_o very_a terrible_a engagement_n which_o last_v a_o very_a long_a while_n this_o be_v for_o number_n of_o man_n the_o great_a battle_n that_o have_v be_v fight_v between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a but_o the_o victory_n favour_v the_o welsh_a the_o englishman_n be_v at_o length_n force_v to_o fly_v have_v lose_v above_o two_o thousand_o man_n beside_o several_a baron_n and_o knight_n who_o be_v take_v prisoner_n after_o this_o the_o prince_n army_n pass_v to_o dyfed_a where_o have_v burn_v all_o the_o country_n and_o destroy_v the_o castle_n of_o abercorran_n lhanstephan_n maenclochoc_n and_o arberth_n with_o all_o the_o town_n thereunto_o belong_v return_v to_o north-wales_n with_o much_o spoil_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v arrive_v great_a complaint_n be_v exhibit_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n against_o jeffrey_n langley_n lieutenant_n to_o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n who_o without_o any_o regard_n to_o equity_n and_o conscience_n most_o wrongful_o oppress_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o wales_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n to_o punish_v the_o master_n for_o the_o servant_n fault_n enter_v with_o some_o part_n of_o his_o army_n into_o the_o earl_n estate_n burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o his_o country_n on_o both_o side_n the_o river_n dee_fw-mi to_o the_o gate_n of_o chester_n edward_n have_v no_o power_n at_o present_a to_o oppose_v he_o but_o be_v resolve_v to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o the_o welsh_a with_o the_o first_o opportunity_n he_o desire_v aid_n of_o his_o uncle_n than_o choose_v king_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o send_v he_o a_o strong_a detachment_n with_o which_o he_o purpose_v to_o give_v prince_n lhewelyn_n battle_n but_o find_v he_o too_o strong_a he_o think_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o desist_v from_o hostility_n the_o prince_n army_n consist_v of_o ten_o thousand_o experience_a man_n who_o be_v oblige_v by_o oath_n rather_o all_o to_o die_v in_o the_o field_n than_o suffer_v the_o english_a to_o gain_v any_o advantage_n over_o the_o welsh_a but_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n maelor_n lord_n of_o dinas_n brân_n a_o person_n of_o notorious_a reputation_n for_o injustice_n and_o oppression_n base_o forsake_v the_o welch_a his_o countryman_n and_o with_o all_o his_o force_n go_v over_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n a.d._n 1258_o the_o next_o year_n prince_n lhewelyn_n pass_v to_o south-wales_n and_o seize_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o land_n of_o cemaes_n and_o have_v reconcile_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o rhys_n gryg_n and_o rhys_n fychan_n he_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o trefdraeth_n with_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o rhos_n except_v haverford_n thence_o he_o march_v in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n towards_o glamorgan_n and_o raze_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o castle_n of_o lhangymwch_n and_o then_o return_v to_o north-wales_n he_o meet_v by_o the_o way_n with_o edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n who_o he_o force_v precipitous_o to_o return_v back_o but_o before_o he_o will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o expedition_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v revenge_v upon_o that_o ungrateful_a fugitive_a gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n maelor_n and_o thereupon_o pass_v through_o bromfield_n he_o miserable_o lay_v waste_v the_o whole_a country_n upon_o this_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n send_v to_o lhewelyn_n require_v he_o to_o cease_v from_o hostility_n and_o after_o that_o unmerciful_a manner_n to_o devour_v and_o forcible_o to_o take_v away_o other_o man_n estate_n the_o prince_n be_v not_o over_o solicitous_a to_o hearken_v to_o their_o request_n but_o find_v the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n very_o seasonable_a for_o action_n against_o the_o english_a he_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battle_n each_o of_o these_o consist_v of_o 1500_o foot_n and_o 500_o horse_n with_o which_o he_o purpose_v to_o enlarge_v his_o conquest_n edward_n earl_n of_o chester_n to_o prevent_v the_o blow_n which_o so_o desperate_o hang_v over_o his_o head_n send_v over_o for_o succour_n from_o ireland_n of_o who_o come_v prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v certify_v man_v out_o a_o fleet_n to_o intercept_v they_o which_o meet_v with_o the_o irish_a at_o sea_n after_o a_o sharp_a dispute_n force_v they_o to_o return_v back_o with_o loss_n king_n henry_n be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o irish_a resolve_v to_o come_v in_o person_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o have_v draw_v together_o the_o whole_a strength_n of_o england_n even_o from_o st._n michael_n mount_n in_o cornwall_n to_o the_o river_n tweed_n march_v with_o his_o son_n edward_n in_o a_o great_a rage_n to_o north-wales_n and_o without_o any_o opposition_n advance_v as_o far_o as_o teganwy_n but_o the_o prince_n have_v stop_v his_o far_a progress_n and_o prevent_v any_o long_a stay_n he_o can_v make_v in_o wales_n have_v before_o hand_n cause_v all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o forage_v to_o be_v carry_v over_o the_o river_n and_o then_o secure_v the_o strait_a and_o narrow_a passage_n whereby_o the_o english_a may_v get_v on_o far_a into_o the_o country_n the_o army_n be_v in_o a_o short_a time_n so_o mortal_o fatigue_v that_o the_o king_n for_o want_v of_o necessary_a subsistance_n be_v force_v to_o retire_v in_o haste_n to_o england_n with_o considerable_a loss_n the_o prince_n after_o that_o send_n for_o all_o the_o force_n in_o south-wales_n come_v to_o the_o march_n where_o gruffydh_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n find_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v his_o estate_n yield_v himself_o up_o and_o then_o pass_v to_o powy_n he_o banish_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o take_v all_o the_o land_n in_o the_o country_n into_o his_o hand_n proceed_v far_o he_o be_v encounter_v with_o by_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n who_o with_o a_o choice_a party_n of_o english_a give_v he_o battle_n but_o lhewelyn_n army_n exceed_v both_o in_o number_n and_o courage_n easy_o vanquish_v and_o overcome_v the_o english_a and_o so_o the_o victory_n be_v quick_o obtain_v the_o prince_n present_o reduce_v to_o his_o power_n all_o the_o castle_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n king_n henry_n hear_v of_o the_o earl_n overthrow_n be_v much_o concern_v at_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o brave_a soldier_n in_o who_o valour_n and_o experience_n he_o always_o put_v a_o very_a great_a confidence_n and_o therefore_o to_o revenge_v their_o death_n he_o be_v again_o resolve_v to_o march_v against_o the_o welsh_a have_v call_v his_o force_n together_o and_o receive_v supply_v from_o gascoign_n and_o ireland_n he_o come_v to_o wales_n but_o not_o dare_v to_o venture_v far_o into_o the_o country_n for_o fear_v of_o be_v force_v to_o make_v another_o shameful_a retreat_n he_o only_o destroy_v the_o corn_n near_o the_o border_n it_o be_v harvest_n
time_n and_o so_o return_v to_o england_n but_o lord_n james_n audley_n who_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o gruffydh_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n do_v more_o mischief_n and_o hurt_n to_o the_o welsh_a who_o have_v bring_v over_o a_o great_a number_n of_o horseman_n from_o germany_n to_o serve_v against_o the_o welsh_a so_o terrify_v they_o with_o the_o unusual_a largeness_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o unaccustomed_a manner_n of_o sight_v that_o in_o the_o first_o encounter_v the_o welsh_a be_v easy_o overcome_v buâ—_n mind_v to_o revenge_v this_o disgrace_n and_o withal_o be_v better_o acquaint_v with_o their_o method_n of_o arm_n the_o welsh_a in_o a_o little_a after_o make_v inroad_n into_o the_o lord_n audley_n land_n where_o the_o german_n present_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o pursue_v they_o to_o certain_a strait_n which_o the_o welsh_a discover_v for_o a_o politic_a retreat_n the_o german_n think_v they_o have_v entire_o drive_v the_o welsh_a away_o return_v careless_o back_o but_o 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without_o any_o suspicion_n of_o treachery_n send_v meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n to_o emlyn_n if_o possible_a to_o conclude_v the_o same_o but_o patrick_n mean_v no_o such_o thing_n lay_v a_o ambuscade_n for_o the_o welsh_a who_o come_v honest_o forward_o be_v by_o the_o way_n villanous_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o english_a and_o a_o great_a many_o slay_v but_o those_o that_o happy_o escape_v call_v up_o the_o country_n present_o give_v chase_v to_o patrick_n and_o his_o accomplice_n who_o be_v at_o length_n overtake_v be_v almost_o all_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n but_o prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v now_o altogether_o bend_v upon_o a_o peace_n and_o do_v not_o only_o desire_v it_o but_o be_v willing_a to_o purchase_v it_o for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o offer_v to_o give_v the_o king_n 4000_o mark_n to_o his_o son_n 300_o and_o 200_o to_o the_o queen_n which_o the_o king_n utter_o refuse_v reply_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a 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the_o king_n of_o england_n quarrel_n have_v forcible_o dispossess_v he_o of_o all_o buelht_n and_o without_o any_o opposition_n take_v the_o castle_n where_o be_v find_v a_o plentiful_a magazine_n he_o march_v through_o all_o south-wales_n confirm_v his_o conquest_n and_o afterward_o return_v to_o his_o palace_n at_o aber_n a.d._n 1261_o betwixt_o bangor_n and_o conwey_n the_o year_n follow_v a.d._n 1262_o owen_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n die_v but_o the_o next_o summer_n be_v somewhat_o more_o note_v for_o action_n a_o party_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n man_n take_v by_o surprise_v the_o castle_n of_o melienyth_n belong_v to_o sir_n roger_n mortimer_n and_o have_a put_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n they_o take_v howel_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n the_o governor_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n prisoner_n and_o after_o that_o the_o castle_n be_v demolish_v by_o the_o prince_n order_n sir_n roger_n mortimer_n hear_v of_o this_o with_o a_o great_a body_n of_o lord_n and_o knight_n come_v to_o melienyth_n where_o prince_n lhewelyn_n meet_v he_o burr_n sir_n roger_n not_o dare_v to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n plant_v himself_o within_o the_o ruin_n and_o find_v he_o can_v do_v no_o good_a desire_a leave_n of_o the_o prince_n to_o retire_v peaceable_o the_o prince_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o relation_n and_o near_a consanguinity_n betwixt_o they_o and_o withal_o because_o he_o will_v not_o be_v so_o mean_v spirit_v as_o to_o fall_v upon_o a_o enemy_n who_o have_v no_o power_n to_o resist_v he_o let_v he_o safe_o depart_v with_o his_o force_n and_o then_o pass_v on_o himself_o to_o brecknock_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n who_o swear_v fidelity_n unto_o he_o so_o pass_v on_o and_o return_v to_o noâ—th-wales_n and_o now_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o baron_n against_o king_n henry_n he_o be_v resolve_v to_o practice_v something_o in_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o english_a and_o so_o set_v upon_o the_o 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and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o man_n slay_v after_o this_o nothing_o remarkable_a fall_v out_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o david_n be_v release_v out_o of_o prison_n by_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o brother_n most_o ungrateful_o forsake_v he_o and_o with_o all_o his_o might_n side_v with_o his_o enemy_n the_o english_a also_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n have_v take_v the_o castle_n of_o mold_n demolish_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n during_o this_o quiet_a and_o unactive_a interval_n in_o wales_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n the_o main_a support_n and_o defender_n of_o south-wales_n die_v to_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o that_o country_n and_o now_o indeed_o the_o welsh_a be_v like_a to_o be_v a.d._n 1268_o make_v sensible_a of_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o person_n for_o king_n henry_n be_v resolve_v once_o more_o to_o lead_v a_o army_n into_o wales_n and_o to_o see_v if_o he_o can_v have_v better_a 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proclaim_v king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v all_o haste_n to_o return_v to_o receive_v the_o solemnity_n of_o coronation_n but_o what_o by_o the_o tediousness_n of_o the_o journey_n and_o what_o by_o be_v honourable_o detain_v at_o prince_n court_n in_o his_o way_n it_o be_v two_o year_n before_o he_o can_v get_v into_o england_n then_o upon_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1274._o he_o be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v summon_v to_o attend_v at_o his_o coronation_n but_o he_o flat_o refuse_v to_o appear_v unless_o upon_o sure_a term_n of_o safe_a conduct_n for_o have_v offend_v several_a of_o the_o english_a nobility_n he_o can_v not_o in_o safety_n pass_v through_o their_o country_n without_o the_o danger_n of_o expose_v his_o person_n to_o the_o inveterate_a malice_n and_o acceptable_a revenge_n of_o some_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o without_o the_o king_n brother_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o robert_n burnell_n lord_n chief_a 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archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n then_o sit_v â—n_a convocation_n in_o the_o new-temple_n at_o london_n which_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o metropolitan_a of_o all_o england_n the_o archbishop_z of_o york_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n in_o convocation_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snowden_n send_v greeting_n we_o will_v have_v your_o lordship_n to_o understand_v that_o whereas_o former_o most_o terrible_a and_o incessant_a war_n be_v continual_o manage_v betwixt_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n and_o ourselves_o the_o same_o be_v at_o last_o compose_v and_o all_o matter_n of_o difference_n be_v adjust_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o his_o excellency_n cardinal_n ottobonus_n the_o pope_n legate_n who_o have_v draw_v the_o article_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o peace_n agree_v upon_o they_o be_v sign_v and_o swear_v to_o not_o only_o by_o the_o kâ—ng_n but_o also_o the_o prince_n his_o son_n now_o king_n of_o england_n among_o these_o article_n be_v comprehend_v that_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o principality_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o all_o the_o welsh_a lord_n one_o baron_n except_v shall_v hold_v their_o barony_n and_o estate_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o we_o and_o shall_v pay_v their_o homage_n and_o fealty_n for_o the_o same_o to_o we_o we_o in_o like_a manner_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o successor_n and_o beside_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n shall_v never_o offer_v to_o receive_v and_o entertain_v any_o of_o our_o enemy_n nor_o any_o such_o of_o our_o own_o subject_n as_o be_v lawful_o banish_v and_o exclude_v our_o dominion_n of_o wales_n nor_o by_o any_o mean_n defend_v and_o uphold_v such_o against_o we_o contrary_n to_o which_o article_n king_n edward_n have_v forcible_o seize_v upon_o the_o 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be_v altogether_o dangerous_a to_o our_o person_n where_o our_o inveterate_a enemy_n and_o which_o be_v worse_o our_o own_o unnatural_a subject_n bear_v the_o great_a sway_n and_o respect_n with_o the_o the_o king_n and_o though_o we_o have_v allege_v several_a reason_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n why_o the_o place_n by_o he_o assign_v be_v nâ—t_o safe_a and_o indifferent_a for_o we_o to_o come_v and_o desire_v he_o to_o appoint_v another_o whereto_o we_o may_v with_o more_o safety_n resort_n or_o else_o that_o he_o will_v send_v commissioner_n to_o receive_v our_o oath_n and_o homage_n till_o he_o can_v more_o opportune_o receive_v they_o in_o person_n yet_o he_o will_v not_o assent_v to_o our_o just_a and_o reasonable_a request_n nor_o be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o reason_n we_o exhibit_v for_o our_o non-appearance_n therefore_o we_o desire_v your_o lordship_n earnest_o to_o weigh_v the_o dismal_a effect_n that_o will_v happen_v to_o the_o subject_n
wales_n king_n edward_n by_o a_o statute_n make_v at_o ruthlan_n incorporate_v and_o annex_v it_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n i._n anno_fw-la 12._o edw._n i._n constitute_v several_a new_a and_o wholesome_a law_n as_o concern_v the_o division_n of_o wales_n into_o several_a county_n the_o form_n and_o manner_n of_o writ_n and_o proceed_n in_o trial_n with_o many_o other_o not_o very_o unlike_a the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n but_o all_o this_o can_v never_o win_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o welsh_a towards_o he_o who_o by_o no_o mean_n will_v own_v he_o as_o their_o sovereign_n unless_o he_o will_v condescend_v and_o agree_v to_o live_v and_o reign_v among_o they_o they_o have_v not_o forget_v the_o cruel_a oppression_n and_o intolerable_a insolence_n oâ—_n english_a officer_n and_o therefore_o they_o flat_o tell_v he_o they_o will_v never_o yield_v obedience_n to_o any_o other_o than_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n of_o their_o own_o 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â—is_n own_o devotion_n begin_v to_o reward_v his_o follower_n with_o other_o man_n propriety_n and_o bestow_v whole_a lordship_n and_o town_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o country_n â—pon_o english_a lord_n among_o who_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lineoln_n obtain_v the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n reginald_n grey_n second_o son_n to_o john_n lord_n grey_n of_o wilton_n the_o lordship_n of_o ruthyn_n this_o henry_n lacie_n be_v son_n to_o edmund_n lacie_n the_o son_n of_o john_n lacie_n lord_n of_o halton_n pomfret_n and_o constable_n of_o chester_n who_o marry_v margaret_n the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o robert_n quincy_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n this_o henry_n lacie_n lord_n of_o denbigh_n marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o sole_a heir_n of_o william_n longspear_n earl_n of_o salusbury_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n two_o son_n edmund_n and_o john_n who_o both_o die_v young_a one_o by_o a_o fall_n into_o a_o very_a deep_a well_o within_o the_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v alicia_n who_o be_v marry_v to_o thomas_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n who_o in_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n be_v earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o sarum_n lord_n of_o denbigh_n halton_n pomfret_n and_o constable_n of_o chester_n after_o his_o death_n king_n edward_n ii_o bestow_v the_o say_a lordship_n of_o denbigh_n upon_o hugâ—_n lord_n spencer_n earl_n of_o winchester_n upon_o who_o deceased_a king_n edward_n iii_o give_v it_o together_o with_o many_o other_o lordship_n in_o the_o march_n to_o roger_n mortimer_n earlâ—_n march_v in_o performance_n of_o a_o promise_n he_o have_v make_v whilst_o he_o remain_v with_o his_o mother_n in_o france_n thaâ—_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o thâ—_n crown_n of_o england_n he_o will_v bestow_v upon_o the_o saiâ—_n earl_n of_o march_n to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o thousand_o pounâ—â—_n yearly_a in_o land_n but_o within_o few_o year_n after_o mâ—â—timer_n be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n king_n edwaâ—â—_n bestow_v the_o say_a lordship_n of_o denbigh_n upon_o montague_n earl_n of_o salusbury_n but_o it_o be_v quick_o restoreâ—_n again_o to_o the_o mortimer_n in_o which_o house_n it_o continue_v till_o the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n caâ—â—_n with_o a_o daughter_n to_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o so_o to_o the_o crown_n richard_n duke_n of_o york_n grandfather_n to_o edward_n the_o four_o have_v marry_v the_o sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o mortimer_n and_o so_o 〈◊〉_d continue_v in_o the_o crown_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n who_o in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o her_o reign_n bestow_v the_o say_a lordship_n upon_o her_o great_a favourite_n robert_n earâ—_n of_o leicester_n who_o be_v then_o create_v baron_n of_o denbigh_n after_o he_o it_o return_v again_o to_o the_o crown_n where_o 〈◊〉_d have_v continue_v to_o this_o present_a year_n 1696._o when_v his_o present_a majesty_n grant_v a_o patent_n under_o the_o great_a seaâ—_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o portland_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n bromfield_n and_o yale_n some_o of_o the_o welsh_a representative_n perceive_v how_o far_o such_o a_o grant_v encroach_v upon_o the_o property_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o subject_a disclose_v their_o grievance_n to_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o who_o after_o some_o consideration_n resolve_v nemine_fw-la contradicente_fw-la that_o a_o petition_n shall_v be_v present_v to_o his_o majesty_n by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a house_n to_o request_v he_o to_o recall_v his_o grant_n to_o the_o say_a earl_n of_o portland_n which_o be_v according_o do_v in_o the_o manner_n follow_v may_v it_o please_v your_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n we_o your_o majesty_n most_o dutiful_a and_o loyal_a subject_n the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n in_o parliament_n assemble_v humble_o lay_v before_o your_o majesty_n that_o whereas_o there_o be_v a_o grant_v pass_v to_o william_n earl_n of_o portland_n and_o his_o heir_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o denbigh_n bromfield_n and_o yale_n and_o divers_a other_o land_n in_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n together_o with_o several_a estate_n of_o inheritance_n enjoy_v by_o many_o of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n by_o virtue_n of_o ancient_a grant_n from_o the_o crown_n that_o the_o say_a manor_n with_o the_o large_a and_o extensive_a royalty_n power_n and_o jurisdiction_n to_o the_o same_o belong_v be_v of_o great_a concern_v to_o your_o majesty_n and_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o the_o same_o have_v be_v usual_o annex_v to_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n and_o settle_a on_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n for_o their_o support_n and_o that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n in_o those_o part_n hold_v their_o estate_n by_o royal_a tenure_n under_o great_a and_o valuable_a composition_n rent_n royal-payment_n and_o service_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o have_v by_o such_o tenure_n great_a dependence_n on_o your_o majesty_n and_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o have_v enjoy_v great_a privilege_n and_o advantage_n with_o their_o estate_n under_o such_o tenure_n we_o therefore_o most_o humble_o beseech_v your_o majesty_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o pass_v this_o grant_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o portland_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o land_n and_o that_o the_o same_o may_v not_o be_v dispose_v from_o the_o crown_n but_o by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n for_o that_o such_o grant_v be_v in_o diminution_n of_o the_o honour_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o place_v in_o a_o subject_a such_o large_a and_o extensive_a royalty_n power_n and_o jurisdiction_n which_o ought_v only_o to_o be_v in_o the_o crown_n and_o will_v sever_v that_o dependence_n which_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o your_o majesty_n subject_n in_o those_o part_n have_v on_o your_o majesty_n and_o the_o crown_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o tenure_n
england_n both_o as_o to_o the_o substance_n and_o form_n of_o worship_n but_o what_o may_v more_o true_o be_v attribute_v to_o mr._n gouge_n be_v that_o since_o his_o travel_n into_o wales_n and_o the_o propagate_a of_o his_o doctrine_n among_o the_o ignorant_a of_o that_o country_n presbytery_n which_o before_o have_v scarce_o take_v root_n have_v daily_o increase_v and_o grow_v to_o a_o head_n henry_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o be_v arrive_v to_o the_o age_n of_o seventeen_o year_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n on_o the_o 30_o of_o may_n anno_fw-la 1610_o but_o he_o die_v of_o a_o malignant_a fever_n about_o two_o year_n after_o his_o brother_n charles_n be_v fifteen_o year_n of_o age_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n in_o his_o room_n anno_fw-la 1615._o for_o joy_n of_o this_o new_a creation_n the_o town_n of_o ludlow_n and_o city_n of_o london_n perform_v very_o great_a triumph_n and_o the_o more_o to_o honour_v this_o solemnity_n the_o king_n make_v twenty_o five_o knight_n of_o the_o bath_n all_o lord_n or_o baron_n son_n and_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n to_o express_v their_o joy_n elect_v out_o of_o their_o body_n forty_o choice_a gentleman_n to_o perform_v solemn_a just_n and_o barryers_n charles_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o by_o henrietta_n maria_n daughter_z to_z king_n henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n be_v bear_v may_n 29._o 1630._o and_o afterward_o create_v prince_n of_o wales_n since_o the_o happy_a incorporation_n of_o the_o welsh_a with_o the_o english_a the_o history_n of_o both_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o people_n be_v unite_v and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o repeat_v that_o which_o be_v so_o copious_o and_o frequenty_n deliver_v by_o the_o english_a historian_n but_o shall_v conclude_v with_o dr._n heylyn_n that_o since_o the_o welsh_a have_v be_v incorporate_v with_o the_o english_a they_o have_v show_v themselves_o most_o loyal_a hearty_a and_o affectionate_a subject_n of_o the_o state_n cordial_o devote_v to_o their_o king_n and_o zealous_a in_o defence_n â—f_o their_o law_n liberty_n and_o religion_n as_o well_o as_o any_o â—f_n the_o best_a of_o their_o fellow-subject_n appendix_n the_o return_n of_o a_o commission_n send_v into_o wales_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o to_o search_v out_o the_o pedigree_n of_o owen_n tudor_n henry_n the_o seven_o king_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n son_n of_o edmund_n earl_n of_o richmond_n son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n and_o of_o queen_n catherine_n his_o wife_n daughter_z â—o_z charles_n the_o sixth_z king_n of_o france_n this_o owen_n be_v son_n of_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi tudor_n ap_fw-mi gronw_n ap_fw-mi tudor_n ap_fw-mi gronw_n ap_fw-mi ednyfe_v fychan_n baron_n of_o brinfeingle_a in_o denbigh_n land_n lord_n of_o kricâ—th_n chief_z justice_z and_z chief_z of_o council_n to_o llewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n drwyndwn_n prince_n of_o all_o wales_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o prince_n llewelyn_n grow_v a_o variance_n between_o king_n john_n of_o england_n and_o the_o say_a prince_n whereupon_o ednyfe_v come_v with_o the_o prince_n host_n and_o man_n of_o war_n and_o also_o a_o number_n of_o his_o own_o people_n and_o meet_v these_o english_a lord_n in_o a_o morning_n at_o what_o time_n these_o english_a lord_n be_v hosty_v and_o slay_v and_o immediate_o bring_v their_o head_n be_v yet_o bloody_a to_o the_o say_a prince_n llewelyn_n the_o prince_n see_v the_o same_o cause_v ednyfe_v fychan_n from_o thenceforth_o to_o bear_v in_o his_o arm_n or_o shield_n three_o bloody_a head_n in_o token_n of_o his_o victory_n where_o he_o have_v bear_v in_o his_o arm_n before_o a_o saracen_n head_n and_o so_o ever_o after_o this_o ednyfed_a bear_v the_o say_a arm_n his_o son_n and_o his_o son_n son_n unto_o the_o time_n of_o tuder_n ap_fw-mi gronw_n ap_fw-mi tudor_n ap_fw-mi gronw_n ap_fw-mi ednyfe_v fychan_n and_o after_o this_o ednyfe_v wed_v one_o gwenllian_a daughter_n to_o rhys_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n and_o have_v issue_n by_o her_o gronw_n which_o ednyfe_v fychan_n have_v in_o wales_n divers_a goodly_a house_n royal_o adorn_v with_o turret_n and_o garret_n some_o in_o anglesey_n some_o other_o in_o caernarvonshire_n and_o and_o some_o in_o denbighland_n but_o his_o chief_a manor-house_n be_v in_o the_o commot_n of_o crythin_n in_o caernarvonshire_n which_o be_v a_o royal_a palace_n now_o decay_v for_o want_n of_o reparation_n also_o he_o build_v there_o a_o chapel_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o our_o lady_n and_o have_v licence_n of_o the_o pope_n for_o evermore_o to_o sing_v divine_a service_n therein_o for_o his_o soul_n and_o his_o ancestor_n and_o progenitor_n soul_n always_o and_o have_v authority_n to_o give_v his_o tithe_n and_o offering_n to_o his_o chaplain_n there_o vid._n a_o serve_a starve_v which_o ednyfe_v fychan_n be_v son_n to_o kyner_n ap_fw-mi lers_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwgan_n ap_fw-mi marchudd_v which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o fifteen_o tribe_n of_o north-wales_n and_o son_n to_o kynan_n ap_fw-mi elfyn_n ap_fw-mi mor_fw-mi ap_fw-mi mynan_n ap_fw-mi isbwis_fw-mi newintyrche_fw-fr ap_fw-mi isbwis_fw-mi ap_fw-mi cadrod_n calch_n efynydd_n earl_n of_o dunstable_n and_o lord_n of_o northampton_n ap_fw-mi cywyd_n cindion_n ap_fw-mi cynfelyn_n ap_fw-mi arthuys_n ap_fw-mi morydd_n ap_fw-mi cynnaw_fw-mi ap_fw-mi coel_n godeboc_fw-fr king_n of_o britain_n of_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o descend_v lineal_o by_o issue-male_n and_o be_v son_n to_o the_o say_v coel_n in_o the_o thirty_o first_o degree_n as_o it_o be_v approve_v by_o old_a chronicle_n in_o wales_n which_o coel_n be_v son_n of_o tegfan_n ap_fw-mi deheufraint_n ap_fw-mi tudâ—wyl_n ap_fw-mi urban_n ap_fw-mi gradd_n ap_fw-mi rhyfedel_n ap_fw-mi rhydeirne_n ap_fw-mi endigant_n ap_fw-mi endeyrn_n ap_fw-mi enid_n ap_fw-mi endos_fw-mi ap_fw-mi enddolaw_n ap_fw-mi afalach_n ap_fw-mi afflech_n ap_fw-mi beli_n mawr_fw-mi king_n of_o britain_n of_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o descend_v by_o issue-male_n â—nd_n be_v son_n to_o he_o in_o forty_o one_o degree_n which_o beli_n be_v son_n to_o monnogon_n king_n ap_fw-mi king_n â—axor_fw-la ap_fw-mi king_n pyr_n ap_fw-mi king_n soul_fw-mi benissel_n ap_fw-mi rhytherech_n king_n ap_fw-mi rydion_n king_n ap_fw-mi eidol_n king_n ap_fw-mi arthafel_n king_n ap_fw-mi seissilt_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi owen_n king_n ap_fw-mi caxho_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi bleuddyd_v king_n â—p_n meirion_n king_n ap_fw-mi gwrgust_n king_n ap_fw-mi elydno_n king_n ap_fw-mi clydawc_n king_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n king_n ap_fw-mi urien_n king_n ap_fw-mi andrew_n king_n ap_fw-mi kereni_n king_n ap_fw-mi porrex_n king_n ap_fw-mi coel_n king_n ap_fw-mi cadell_n king_n ap_fw-mi geraint_n king_n ap_fw-mi elidr_n king_n ap_fw-mi morydd_n king_n ap_fw-mi dan_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi seissilt_fw-mi king_n ap_fw-mi cyâ—elyn_n king_n ap_fw-mi gwrgan_n king_n alias_o farfâ—rwch_v ap_fw-mi beli_n king_n ap_fw-mi dyfnwal_n king_n ap_fw-mi dodion_n king_n ap_fw-mi enyd_v ap_fw-mi kwrwyd_n ap_fw-mi cyrdon_v ap_fw-mi dyfufarth_n prydain_n ap_fw-mi aedd_fw-mi mawr_fw-mi ap_fw-mi antonius_n ap_fw-mi seisillt_n king_n ap_fw-mi rhegaw_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o king_n lyr_n and_o wife_n of_o henwin_n prince_n of_o cornwall_n this_o lyr_n be_v son_n of_o bleuddyd_v ab_fw-la rhunbaladr_n brâs_fw-la ap_fw-mi lleon_n ap_fw-mi brutus_n darian_n lâ_v ap_fw-mi effroc_n cadarn_n ap_fw-mi mymbyr_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi locrine_n ap_fw-mi brutus_n which_o inherit_v first_o this_o land_n and_o after_o his_o name_n be_v call_v britain_n and_o have_v three_o son_n locrine_n kamber_n and_o albanactus_n locrine_n the_o elder_a part_v the_o isle_n with_o his_o brethren_n and_o keep_v half_o the_o land_n for_o himself_o and_o call_v it_o loegria_n kamber_n second_o son_n have_v the_o land_n beyond_o severn_n and_o name_v it_o kambria_n in_o english_a wales_n albanactus_n have_v scotland_n which_o he_o then_o call_v albania_n after_o his_o own_o name_n of_o which_o brute_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o be_v lineal_o descend_v by_o issue-male_n save_v one_o woman_n and_o be_v son_n to_o brute_n in_o five_o score_n degree_n how_o owen_n grandsire_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o come_v of_o beli_n mawr_n by_o angharad_n mother_n to_o ednyfed_a by_o issue-female_a by_o gittin_n owen_n and_o sir_n john_n leiaf_n book_n the_o mother_n of_o ednyfed_a be_v angharad_n daughter_n of_o hwfa_n ap_fw-mi cyner_n ap_fw-mi rhywallon_n ap_fw-mi ding_v ap_fw-mi tudor_n trefor_n ap_fw-mi mymbyr_n ap_fw-mi cadfarch_n ap_fw-mi gwrgenaw_n ap_fw-mi gwaethiawe_fw-mi ap_fw-mi bywyn_n ap_fw-mi biordderch_n ap_fw-mi gwriawn_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwnnan_n ap_fw-mi gwnfiw_o frych_a ap_fw-mi cadell_n dehurnlluc_n ap_fw-mi pasgan_n ap_fw-mi rhydwf_n ap_fw-mi rhudd_v fedel_n frych_a ap_fw-mi cyndeirn_n ap_fw-mi gwrtheirn_n gwrthenau_n call_v in_o english_a vertiger_n by_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o by_o the_o foresay_a angharad_n mother_n to_o ednyfed_a fychan_n and_o wife_n to_o cyner_n ab_fw-la jer_n ap_fw-mi gwgon_fw-mi be_v son_n to_o the_o say_v vortiger_n in_o thirty_o degree_n which_o vortiger_n be_v son_n to_o rhydeyrn_n ap_fw-mi
the_o british_a race_n 8._o retire_v to_o alan_n king_n of_o little_a britain_n ibid._n learned_a in_o a_o vision_n to_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o shear_v a_o monk_n 10._o cadwallader_n with_o his_o brother_n owen_n gwynedh_n from_o north-wales_n in_o conjunction_n with_o several_a south_n wales_n lord_n make_v a_o horrible_a slaughter_n of_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o south-wales_n 157_o 158._o cadwallader_n force_v to_o flee_v from_o his_o brother_n owen_n to_o ireland_n 163._o return_v with_o irish_a force_n conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o his_o brother_n make_v prisoner_n by_o the_o irish_a rescue_v by_o his_o brother_n 164._o escapes_n out_o of_o prison_n 171._o fly_n to_o england_n ibid._n his_o death_n and_o issue_n 200._o canterbury_n redeem_v by_o the_o citizen_n from_o be_v burn_v by_o the_o dane_n for_o 3000_o l._n 73._o betray_v afterward_o to_o they_o and_o burn_v 74._o caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n fight_v and_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o saxon_n 21._o his_o pedigree_n ibid._n celibacy_n enjoin_v to_o the_o clergy_n in_o a_o synod_n hold_v at_o london_n 127._o christian_n faith_n pure_a in_o the_o british_a church_n 221._o charles_n duke_n of_o york_n create_v prince_n of_o wales_n 328._o charles_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o create_v prince_n of_o wales_n 328._o civil_a war_n in_o wales_n and_o edwal_n son_n of_o meyric_n the_o indisputable_a heir_n set_v up_o in_o north-wales_n 67._o clare_n earl_n of_o possess_v himself_o of_o divers_a stronghold_n in_o cardigan_n 177._o clynnoc_n fawr_fw-mi a_o abbey_n in_o arfon_n 11._o when_o and_o by_o who_o build_v 12._o endow_v by_o prince_n anarawd_n 39_o cnute_n the_o dane_n choose_v king_n and_o his_o cruelty_n to_o the_o english_a hostage_n 75._o return_v to_o england_n ibid._n the_o northumber_n submit_v to_o he_o 76._o besieges_n london_n be_v rout_v by_o edmund_n ibid._n combat_n edmund_n agree_v and_o divide_v england_n between_o they_o 78._o generous_o punish_v edmund_n ironside_n murder_n ibid._n marry_v emma_n edelred_n widow_n 80._o require_v a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o english_a ibid._n make_v a_o pompous_a journey_n to_o rome_n 82._o make_v the_o scot_n do_v he_o homage_n ibid._n die_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o his_o son_n harold_n harefoot_n 83._o conel_n prognosticate_a the_o norman_a invasion_n and_o success_n 100_o commotion_n in_o england_n 158._o conâ—n_o war_n between_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n howel_n 22._o dies_z 23._o his_o pedigree_n ibid._n conspiracy_n against_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o the_o english_a and_o the_o welsh_a detect_v and_o the_o conspirator_n execute_v 104._o constable_n walter_n marry_v nest_n daughter_n and_o have_v the_o lordship_n of_o brecknock_n 116._o a_o strange_a passage_n relate_v by_o he_o to_o henry_n the_o first_o concern_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n ibid._n crogens_n use_v as_o a_o term_n of_o reproach_n by_o the_o english_a to_o the_o welsh_a 223._o no_o reason_n for_o it_o 224._o cynric_a prince_n owen_n son_n slay_v 162._o d._n dane_n begin_v to_o disturb_v england_n 20_o 21._o they_o prevail_v and_o winter_n in_o england_n 28._o they_o take_v and_o destroy_v winchester_n 30._o kill_v osbright_n and_o elba_n king_n of_o northumberland_n 31._o slay_v edmund_n king_n of_o the_o angle_n ibid._n fought_n five_o battle_n with_o ethelred_n ibid._n they_o win_v london_n and_o redding_n 33._o rout_v by_o the_o westsaxons_a 34._o be_v defeat_v by_o alfred_n and_o receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n 37._o they_o harrass_n north-wales_n 39_o defeat_v by_o the_o armorican_a britain_n ibid._n force_a to_o rise_v from_o before_o exeter_n and_o spoil_v the_o sea-coast_n of_o wales_n 41._o receive_v a_o great_a overthrow_v 42._o they_o grow_v powerful_a not_o only_o in_o england_n but_o also_o in_o ireland_n 44._o thrice_o overthrow_v by_o the_o english_a 45._o cruel_o overthrow_v by_o tottenhale_n 46._o rout_v by_o king_n edward_n 48._o drive_a out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o king_n edmund_n 52._o force_v the_o english_a to_o pay_v the_o dane-gelt_a 65._o make_v a_o terrible_a havoc_n in_o wales_n and_o have_v tribute_n pay_v they_o 66._o make_v fresh_a devastation_n in_o wales_n and_o england_n 70._o they_o be_v massacre_v by_o the_o english_a 71._o force_v the_o english_a nobility_n to_o buy_v their_o peace_n for_o 30000_o l._n 72._o they_o beat_v wolfkettel_n 73._o slay_v ethelstan_n and_o ransack_v the_o country_n 74_o dafydh_n ab_fw-la owen_n kill_v his_o brother_n howel_n in_o battle_n and_o gâ—ts_n to_o be_v prince_n of_o north-wales_n 195._o secure_v â—is_n brother_n maelgon_n reduce_v anglesey_n and_o banish_v his_o brethren_n 202._o send_v a_o band_n of_o welch_n to_o accompany_v king_n henry_n into_o normandy_n ibid._n be_v dispossess_v by_o his_o elder_a brother_n son_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n 213._o ungrateful_a to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n for_o his_o liberty_n 224._o dafydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n do_v homage_n at_o gloucester_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 259._o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n for_o detain_v his_o brother_n gruffydh_n in_o prison_n who_o he_o refuse_v to_o deliver_v at_o the_o king_n request_n 260._o submit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 262._o carol_n the_o king_n to_o detain_v his_o brother_n gruffydh_n prisoner_n ibid._n engage_v the_o pope_n on_o his_o side_n against_o the_o king_n but_o he_o prove_v false_a 264._o fight_v the_o english_a often_o with_o various_a success_n ibid._n die_v without_o issue_n 268._o david_n st._n burn_v by_o the_o westsaxons_a 21._o destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n 45._o again_o by_o the_o dane_n 69._o destroy_v by_o stranger_n 107._o the_o cathedral_n sacrilegious_o rob_v 111._o make_a subject_n to_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n 125._o dunstan_n st._n bishop_n of_o canterbury_n his_o prediction_n and_o death_n 61._o e._n easter_n the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n quarrel_n about_o the_o observation_n of_o it_o 18_o 19_o edgar_z advance_v to_o the_o kingdom_n in_o his_o brother_n edwin_n room_n 56._o he_o waste_v north-wales_n and_o agree_v for_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 300_o wolf_n ibid._n regulate_v drink_v vessel_n because_o of_o the_o dane_n excess_n 57_o row_v in_o his_o barge_n by_o six_o king_n on_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi 59_o edgar_z edeling_o proclaim_v king_n force_v into_o scotland_n 101._o receive_v to_o king_n william_n mercy_n 103._o edmund_n king_n of_o england_n death_n and_o the_o uncertain_a manner_n of_o it_o 53._o edmund_n ironside_n slay_v by_o edric_n son_n 78._o edwal_n foel_n and_o his_o brother_n elis_n fight_v the_o english_a and_o be_v slay_v 49._o their_o issue_n ibid._n edward_n send_v for_o from_o normandy_n and_o make_v king_n 86_o the_o confessor_n death_n 98._o edward_n i._o king_n of_o england_n invade_v wales_n and_o prevail_v 283._o insist_o upon_o prince_n lhewelyn_n submission_n without_o reserve_n 292._o set_v prince_n lhewelyn_n head_n upon_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o put_v his_o brother_n david_n to_o death_n 299._o subdue_v all_o wales_n ibid._n keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o aberconwey_a 307._o in_o necessity_n will_v taste_v no_o wine_n for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o soldier_n 308._o cut_v down_o all_o the_o wood_n in_o wales_n and_o build_v beumaris-castle_n 309._o edward_n of_o caernarvon_n first_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o english_a blood_n 301._o receive_a homage_n at_o chester_n of_o all_o the_o freeholders_n of_o wales_n 310._o go_v far_o into_o the_o country_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n ibid._n edward_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n ii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 313._o edward_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n iii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 313_o his_o character_n and_o death_n 314._o edward_n son_n to_o henry_n vi_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 323._o murder_v ibid._n edward_n elder_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n vi_o create_a prince_n of_o walts_n murder_v 223._o edward_n vi_o incline_v to_o favour_v the_o welsh_a 323._o edward_n son_n to_o richard_n iii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 324._o edward_n son_n to_o henry_n viii_o create_a prince_n of_o wales_n 325._o edwin_n king_n of_o england_n vicious_a dispossess_v and_o die_v 56._o egbert_n sole_a monarch_n in_o britain_n 25._o call_v the_o country_n england_n ibid._n he_o fight_v the_o dane_n 26._o eincon_n invite_v the_o norman_n into_o wales_n and_o persuade_v they_o to_o stay_v 112_o elfleda_n mercian_n queen_n her_o valiant_a act_n both_o against_o the_o dane_n and_o welch_n 46._o her_o death_n 47._o leave_v a_o daughter_n alfwyden_n disinherit_v by_o king_n edward_n ibid._n ethelwulph_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a pay_v peterpence_n to_o rome_n 29._o learned_a and_o devout_a ibid._n eye_n of_o several_a pluck_v out_o a_o barbarous_a custom_n 155._o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n invade_v wales_n 16._o in_o conjunction_n with_o adelred_n overthrow_v the_o britain_n ibid._n f._n flanders_n a_o part_n of_o it_o drown_v prejudicial_a to_o
draw_v together_o a_o great_a army_n consist_v partly_o of_o stranger_n and_o partly_o of_o such_o as_o they_o can_v raise_v in_o gwentland_n and_o glamorgan_n and_o march_v to_o fight_v with_o gruffydh_n the_o prince_n according_a to_o his_o usual_a manner_n detract_v no_o time_n but_o animate_v and_o solace_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o remembrance_n of_o their_o former_a victory_n and_o conquest_n bid_v the_o enemy_n battle_n which_o prove_v so_o very_o bloody_a and_o terrible_a that_o nothing_o can_v part_v they_o beside_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n this_o battle_n so_o tire_v and_o tame_v both_o army_n that_o neither_o be_v very_o desirous_a of_o another_o engagement_n and_o so_o one_o be_v unwilling_a to_o set_v upon_o the_o other_o they_o both_o agree_v to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o habitation_n the_o same_o time_n joseph_n bishop_n of_o teilo_n or_o llandaf_n die_v at_o rome_n but_o both_o army_n be_v separate_v prince_n gruffydh_n enjoy_v a_o quiet_a and_o unmolested_a possession_n of_o all_o wales_n for_o about_o two_o year_n after_o which_o the_o gentry_n of_o ystrad_n towy_n treacherous_o slay_v 140_o of_o the_o choice_n of_o his_o army_n which_o he_o take_v in_o so_o high_a a_o indignation_n that_o to_o revenge_v their_o death_n he_o destroy_v all_o dyfed_a and_o ystrad_n towy_a about_o the_o same_o time_n lothen_n and_o hyrl_a two_o danish_a pirate_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o dane_n land_v at_o sandwich_n and_o have_v plunder_v the_o town_n return_v again_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o sail_v for_o holland_n where_o they_o sell_v the_o booty_n they_o have_v take_v and_o then_o return_v to_o their_o own_o country_n short_o afterward_o earl_n swain_n come_v out_o of_o denmark_n with_o eight_o ship_n and_o return_v to_o england_n and_o come_v to_o his_o father_n house_n at_o pevenese_n humble_o request_v of_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n harold_n and_o tostie_n to_o endeavour_v his_o reconciliation_n with_o the_o king_n earl_n beorn_v too_o promise_v to_o intercede_v for_o he_o and_o go_v to_o swayn_n fleet_n to_o sail_v to_o sandwich_n where_o the_o king_n then_o lay_v he_o be_v by_o the_o way_n most_o treacherous_o and_o ungrateful_o murder_v and_o his_o body_n cast_v upon_o the_o shore_n which_o lie_v there_o expose_v till_o his_o friend_n heat_n of_o the_o fact_n come_v and_o carry_v it_o to_o winchester_n and_o bury_v it_o by_o the_o body_n of_o king_n cnute_n â—eorned_v his_o uncle_n swain_n have_v commit_v this_o most_o testable_a murder_n put_v himself_o again_o under_o the_o proâ—â—ction_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n not_o dare_v to_o show_v 〈◊〉_d face_n in_o england_n till_o his_o father_n by_o earnest_a mediâ—â—on_n wrought_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o king_n this_o year_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n raise_v again_o a_o â—â—my_n of_o his_o friend_n in_o ireland_n and_o sail_v towards_o â—ales_n purpose_v to_o recover_v his_o inheritance_n in_o 〈◊〉_d country_n but_o when_o he_o be_v come_v near_o the_o â—â—lch_a coast_n there_o sudden_o arise_v such_o a_o violent_a â—â—â—rm_n that_o his_o fleet_n be_v present_o scatter_v and_o â—â—st_n of_o his_o ship_n drown_v which_o render_v this_o expedition_n ineffectual_a about_o the_o same_o time_n robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n impeach_v earl_n godwyn_n and_o his_o 〈◊〉_d swain_n and_o harold_n of_o treason_n and_o the_o queen_n 〈◊〉_d adultery_n and_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o non-appearance_a when_o cite_v before_o the_o peer_n at_o gloucester_n 〈◊〉_d queen_n be_v divorce_v and_o godwyn_n and_o his_o son_n â—â—nished_v who_o with_o his_o son_n swain_n flee_v to_o flanders_n 〈◊〉_d harold_n to_o ireland_n but_o these_o unlucky_a clashing_n use_v the_o many_o trouble_n that_o ensue_v thereupon_o happen_v upon_o this_o occasion_n eustace_n earl_n of_o bologne_n beâ—â—â—_n marry_v to_o goda_n the_o king_n sister_n come_v over_o this_o â—aâ—_n to_o england_n to_o pay_v king_n edward_n a_o visit_n and_o in_o 〈◊〉_d return_n to_o canterbury_n one_o of_o his_o retinue_n forcible_o â—â—manding_v a_o lodging_n provoke_v the_o master_n of_o the_o â—â—use_n so_o far_o as_o by_o chance_n or_o anger_n to_o kill_v he_o euâ—â—â—e_v upon_o this_o affront_n return_v back_o to_o the_o king_n and_o 〈◊〉_d the_o insinuâ—tions_n of_o the_o archbishop_n make_v a_o loud_a complaint_n against_o the_o kentish-man_n to_o repress_v who_o violence_n earl_n godwyn_n be_v command_v to_o raise_v forâ—â—â—_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v for_o the_o kindness_n he_o bear_v 〈◊〉_d his_o countryman_n of_o kent_n the_o king_n summon_v a_o parliament_n at_o gloucester_n and_o command_v godwyn_n to_o â—â—pear_v there_o but_o he_o mistrust_v either_o his_o own_o â—use_n or_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o adversary_n gather_v a_o powerful_a army_n out_o of_o his_o own_o and_o his_o son_n earldom_n and_o march_v towards_o gloucester_n give_v out_o â—â—â—t_v their_o force_n be_v to_o go_v against_o the_o welsh_a who_o â—â—â—ended_v to_o invade_v the_o marsh_n but_o king_n edwardâ—â—â—ng_v â—â—â—ng_z satisfy_v by_o the_o welsh_a that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o design_n in_o hand_n command_v godwyn_n to_o dismiss_v his_o aâ—my_n and_o to_o appear_v himself_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o article_n exhibit_v against_o he_o godwyn_n refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o kiâ—â—_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o earl_n leofrick_n summon_v a_o assembly_n at_o london_n whither_o a_o great_a number_n of_o force_n arrive_v from_o mercia_n which_o godwyn_n perceive_v and_o wiâ—â—al_a find_v himself_o unable_a to_o withstand_v the_o king_n â—_o proceed_n private_o retire_v with_o his_o son_n out_o 〈◊〉_d the_o kingdom_n and_o flee_v into_o flanders_n whereupon_o the_o king_n issue_v out_o a_o edict_n proclaim_v godwâ—â—_n and_o his_o son_n outlaw_n and_o then_o confiscate_a thâ—â—â—_n estate_n bestow_v they_o upon_o other_o of_o his_o nobiliâ—â—_n and_o to_o pursue_v his_o displeasure_n the_o far_o he_o divorce_v his_o queen_n edith_n earl_n godwyn_n daughter_n aâ—â—_n commit_v she_o to_o a_o cloister_n where_o in_o a_o mean_a condition_n she_o spend_v some_o part_n of_o her_o life_n in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o forfeit_a estate_n adonan_n obtain_v 〈◊〉_d earldom_n of_o devon_n and_o dorset_n and_o algar_n the_o sâ—â—_n of_o leofrick_n that_o of_o harold_n but_o godwyn_n can_v 〈◊〉_d patient_o behold_v his_o estate_n bestow_v upon_o another_o and_o therefore_o have_v hire_v some_o man_n and_o ship_n 〈◊〉_d flanders_n he_o sail_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n where_o aâ—â—â—â—_n that_o he_o have_v make_v a_o sufficient_a havoc_n he_o put_v in_o 〈◊〉_d portland_n which_o he_o treat_v after_o the_o same_o manâ—â—â—_n the_o same_o time_n harold_n have_v sail_v from_o ireland_n 〈◊〉_d length_n meet_v with_o his_o father_n and_o then_o with_o their_o unâ—â—â—â—_n navy_n they_o burn_v preveneseny_n romney_n heath_n fâ—â—â—ston_n dover_n and_o sandwich_n and_o enter_v the_o thâ—â—â—â—_n they_o destroy_v cheppey_n and_o burn_v the_o king_n hoâ—â—_n at_o middletown_n then_o they_o sail_v up_o the_o river_n â—â—wards_v london_n where_o the_o king_n army_n be_v reaâ—â—_n to_o oppose_v they_o a_o treaty_n of_o peace_n be_v by_o the_o meâ—_n of_o bishop_n stigand_n agree_v upon_o which_o prove_v so_o â—â—fectual_a of_o godwyn_n side_n that_o the_o king_n receive_v 〈◊〉_d again_o to_o his_o favour_n restore_v he_o and_o son_n to_o all_o thâ—_n estate_n re-called_n the_o queen_n and_o banish_v the_o archbishop_n with_o all_o the_o frenchman_n who_o have_v be_v promoter_n of_o that_o unhappy_a suspicion_n the_o king_n have_v entertain_v of_o they_o about_o this_o time_n rhys_n brother_n to_o gruffydh_n prâ—â—â—â—_n of_o wales_n who_o by_o several_a eruption_n upon_o the_o bordeâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d considerable_o gaul_v and_o damage_v the_o english_a â—â—s_o take_v and_o put_v to_o death_n at_o bulendun_v who_o â—â—â—d_v be_v cut_v off_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n than_o gloucester_n but_o he_o receive_v better_a news_n some_o time_n 〈◊〉_d from_o the_o north_n for_o siward_n earl_n of_o northumberâ—â—â—d_n have_v send_v his_o son_n against_o macbeth_n king_n of_o â—â—gland_n vanquish_v the_o scot_n though_o not_o without_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o his_o son_n and_o many_o other_o both_o english_a and_o â—â—nes_n but_o siward_n be_v not_o cast_v down_o at_o his_o son_n be_v â—â—â—th_o but_o inquire_v whether_o he_o receive_v his_o death_n â—â—nd_n before_o or_o behind_o and_o be_v assure_v that_o it_o 〈◊〉_d before_o reply_v he_o be_v very_o glad_a of_o it_o for_o he_o use_v not_o wish_v his_o son_n to_o die_v otherwise_o after_o this_o story_n king_n edward_n march_v in_o person_n to_o scotland_n and_o have_v again_o overcome_v macbeth_n in_o battle_n make_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o scotland_n tributary_n the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o next_o year_n earl_n â—â—â—â—yn_v sit_v with_o the_o king_n at_o table_n sink_v down_o use_v of_o a_o sudden_a be_v choke_v as_o it_o be_v think_v in_o â—â—llowing_v a_o morsel_n of_o bread_n who_o earldom_n the_o â—â—ng_v bestow_v upon_o his_o