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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A68376	A testimonie of antiquitie shewing the auncient fayth in the Church of England touching the sacrament of the body and bloude of the Lord here publikely preached, and also receaued in the Saxons tyme, aboue 600. yeares agoe.; Sermo de sacrificio in die Pascae. English and Anglo-Saxon	Aelfric, Abbot of Eynsham.; Joscelyn, John, 1529-1603.; Parker, Matthew, 1504-1575.	1566 (1566)	STC 159.5; ESTC S122220	34,758	172

A TESTIMOnie of ANTIQVITIE shewing the auncient fayth in the Church of England touching the sacrament of the body and bloude of the Lord here publikely preached and also receaued in the Saxons tyme aboue 600. yeares agoe Ieremie 6. Goe into the streetes and inquyre for the olde way and if it be the good and ryght way then goe therin that ye maye finde rest for your soules But they say we will not vvalke therein Jmprinted at London by Iohn Day dwelling ouer Aldersgate beneath S. Martyns ¶ Cum priuilegio Regiae Maiestatis The Preface to the Christian Reader GReat contention hath nowe been of longe tyme about the moste comfortable sacrament of the body bloud of Christ our Sauiour in the inquisition and determinatiō wherof many be charged and condemned of heresye and reproued as bringers vp of new doctryne not knowen of olde in the church before Berengarius tyme who taught in Fraunce in the daies whē William the Norman was by conqueste kyng of England and Hildebrande otherwyse called Gregorius the seuenth was pope of Rome But that thou mayest knowe good christian reader how this is aduouched more boldly then truely in especiall of some certayne men which be more ready to maintaine their old iudgement thē of humilitie to submitte them selues vnto a truth here is set forth vnto thee a testimonye of verye auncient tyme wherin is plainly shewed what was the iudgement of the learned men in thys matter in the dayes of the Saxons before the conquest Fyrst thou hast here a Sermon or homelye for the holy day of Easter written in the olde Englishe or Saxon speech which doth of set purpose and at large intreate of thys doctryne and is found among many other Sermons in the same olde speech made for other festiuall dayes and sondayes of the yeare and vsed to be spoken orderly accordyng to those daies vnto the people as by the bokes thē selues it doth well appeare And of such Sermons be yet manye bookes to be seene partlye remayning in priuate mens handes and taken out from monasteryes at their dissolution partlye yet reserued in the libraryes of Cathedrall churches as of Worceter Hereford and Exeter From which places diuerse of these bookes haue bene deliuered into the handes of the moste reuerend father Matthewe Archbyshop of Canterburye by whose diligent search for such writings of historye and other monumentes of antiquitie as might reueale vnto vs what hath ben the state of our church in England from tyme to tyme these thynges that bee here made knowen vnto thee do come to lyght Howe be it the Sermons were not first written in the olde Saxon tounge but were translated into it as it shoulde appeare from the Lattyne For about the end of a Saxon boke of lx Sermons which hath aboute the middest of it this Sermō agaynst the bodely presēce be added these wordes of the translatour Fela faegere godspell ƿe forlaetaþ on þisū dihte ða maeg aƿendan se ðe ƿile Ne durre ƿe ðas boc na micle sƿiþor gelaengan ðyles ðe heo ungemetegod sy mannum aeþraet ðurh hire micelny'sse astirige We let passe many good gospells which he that lyste may translate For we dare not enlarge thys boke much further lest it be ouer great so cause to men lothsomnes through hys bygnes And in an other booke contaynyng some of these Saxon Sermons it is also thus written in Lattyne In hoc codicillo continentur duodecim sermones anglice quos accepimus de libris quos Aelfricus abbas Anglice transtulit In thys booke be comprysed xij Sermons whche we haue taken out of the bookes that Aelfricke abbot translated into Englishe In which wordes truelye here is also declared who was the translatour to witte one Aelfricke And so hee doth confesse of hym self in the preface of his Saxon grāmer where he doth moreouer geue vs to vnderstand the number of the Sermons that he translated thus Ic AElfric ƿolde ðas litlan boc apendan to engliscum gereorde of ðam staef craefte ðe is gehaten gsammatica syþþan ic tƿa bec aƿende on hund eahtatigū spellum I Aelfricke was desirous to turne into our Englishe tounge from the arte of letters called grammer thys little booke after that I had translated the two bookes in fourescore Sermons But how soeuer it be nowe manifest enoughe by thys aboue declared how that these Sermons were translated I thinke notwithstanding that there will hardlye be found of them any Lattyne bookes being I feare me vtterlye peryshed made out of the waye since the conquest by some which coulde not well broke thys doctrine And that such hath bene the dealing of some partiall readers may partlye hereof appeare There is yet a very aunciēt boke of Cannons of Worceter librarye and is for the most parte all in Latyne but yet intermyngled in certayne places euē thre or foure leaues together with the olde Saxon tounge and one place of this booke handleth thys matter of the sacrament but a fewe lynes wherin dyd consiste the chiefe poynte of the cōtrouersie be rased out by some reader yet consider how the corruption of hym whosoeuer he was is bewrayed This part of the Lattyne booke was taken out of ij epistles of Aelfrike before named were written of hym aswell in the Saxon tounge as the Lattyne The Saxon epistles be yet wholie to be had in the librarye of the same church in a boke written all in Saxon and is intituled a boke of Cānons shrift boke But in the Church of Exeter these epistles be seene both in the Saxon tounge and also in the Lattyne By the which it shall be easie for any to restore agayne not onely the sense of the place rased in Worceter booke but also the very same Lattyn wordes And the words of these two epistles so much as concerne the sacramentall bread wyne we here set immediatlye after the Sermon fyrst in Saxon then the words of the second epistle we set also in Lattyne deliuering them most faythfully as they are to be seene in the bookes from whence they are taken And as touching the Saxon writings they be set out in such forme of letters and darke speech as was vsed whē they were written translated also for our better vnderstanding into our common and vsuall Englishe speech But nowe it remayneth we do make knowen who thys Aelfricke was whom we here speake of in what age he liued and in what estimation He was truely brought vp in the scholes of Aethelwolde byshop of Winchester Aethelwolde I meane the elder and greate saincte of Winchester church So canonised because in the dayes of Edgar kyng of England he conspyred with Dunstane Archbyshop of Canterburie Oswalde bishop of Worceter to expell out of the Cathedrall churches through out all England the maryed priestes which then were in those churches the olde dwellers as wryteth Ranulphus Cestrencis in hys pollicronicon and to set vp of newe the religion or rather

superstition hipocrisie of monkes after that the same had been a longe tyme by the iuste iudgement of God vtterlye abolished the Danes spoyling them cruelly burning them vp in there houses as is at large and plentifullye confessed in the historyes of their owne churches For thys newe rearing vp of monkerie is Aethelwolde called in moste olde historyes pater monachorum the father of monkes Vnder thys Aethelwolde was Aelfrike traded vp in lerning as he witnesseth of him selfe in the Lattyne preface of his Saxon grammer where speaking of hys interpretation of Lattyne wordes he wryteth thus Scio multis modis verba posse interpret●ri sed ego simplicem interpretationem sequor fastidiū vitādi causa Si alicui tamen displicuerit nostra interpretatio dicat quomodo vult Nos con tenti sumus sicut didicimus in scholis venerabilis praesulis Aethelwoldi qui multos ad bonum imbuit I know that wordes may be expounded diuers waies but for to auoyde lothsomnes I doe follow the playne interpretation Which if anye shall mislike he may do as he thinketh best but we are cōtent to speake as we haue learned in the scholes of the moste worthye byshop Aethelwolde who hath bene a good instructour to manye or who hath brought vp many to good This he writeth of hymselfe So vppon this his education in the schooles of Aethelwolde he became afterward to be an earnest louer and a great setter forwarde of monkerye and therefore no lesse busie writer and speaker agaynst the matrimonye of priestes in hys tyme. For which respecte he was afterwarde so regarded that he was made by Oswalde byshop of Worceter as reporteth John Capgraue the first abbot of S. Albons newlye restored replenished with mōkes and was also made abbot of Malmesburye by kyng Edgar as reporteth William of Malmesburye in the lyfe of Aldelmus And truly he calleth him selfe abbot in diuers of his epistles although he neuer named of what place as in that he wryteth Egnesh amensibus fratribus de consuetudine monachorum To the monkes of Egnesham of the order and manner of monkes and in this he wryteth here to Wulfstane Archbyshop of Yorke and in an other agaynst priestes matrimonye sent to one Sygeferth with whom was an anker abyding which defended the mariage of pristes affyrming it to be lawful The epistle beginneth thus in the Saxon tonge Aelfric abb gret Sigeferþ freondlice Me is gesaed ꝧ ðu saedest beo me ꝧ ic oþer taehte on Engliscen geƿriten oþer eoƿer ancor aet ham mid eoƿ taehþ forþan ðe he sƿutelice saegþ ꝧ hit sie alefd ꝧ maesse preostas ƿel motan ƿifigen and min geƿriten ƿiþcƿeþeþ ðysen That is Elfricke abbot doth send frendlye salutation to Sigeferth It is tolde me that I teach otherwyse in my English writynges thē doth thy anker teach which is at home wyth thee For he sayth playnly that it is a lawfull thing for a priest to marye and my wrytynges doth speake agaynst thys c. Thus aswell in hys owne epistles as in all other bookes of Sermons in the Saxon tounge that I haue sene I finde him alwaies called abbot and onely so called Howbeit John Capgraue who gathered together into one volume the liues of English sainctes writeth in the life of Oswalde that Aelfricke was laste of all aduaunced to the Archbishops see of Canterburie In alijs inquit Angliae partibus insignes ecclesias ob praefixam causam clericis euacuauit et eas viris monasticae institutionis sublimauit quorū haec nomina sunt Ecclesia S. Albani S. Aetheldredae virginis in Eli et ea quae apud Beamfledam constituta honorabilis habebatur Instituit enim in ecclesia S. Albani Aelfricū abbatē qui ad Archiepiscopatum Cantuariensem postea sublimatus fuit In other partes of Englande Oswald auoyded out of the most notable churches the clarkes aduaunced the same places with men of the order of monkes whose names be these S. Albons the church of the virgin S. Aetheldrede in Ely and that which is at Beamfleot reputed very famous He dyd appoynte abbot in S. Albons Aelfricke who was afterward promoted to the Archbyshopricke of Canterburye Truely thys Aelfricke we here speake of was equall in tyme to Elfricke Archbyshop of Canterbury as may certainly appeare to him that will well consider when Wulfstane Archbishop of Yorke and Wulfsine byshop of Scyrburne liued vnto whom Aelfricke wryteth the Saxon epistles from which the wordes concerning the Sacrament hereafter following be taken And the certaintye of thys consideration may well be had out of William Malmesburye De Pontificibus out of the subscription of bishops to the grauntes letters patentes and charters of Aethelrede who raigned king of Englād at this time Howbeit whether this Aelfricke Aelfricke Archb. of Canterbury was but one the same mā I leaue it to other mens iudgement further to consider for that writing here to Wulfstane he nameth him selfe but abbot yet Aelfricke Archb. of Canterbury was promoted to that his archb stole vj. yeres before that Wulfstane was made Archbishop of Yorke as is declared most manifestly in the historyes of Symeon of Durham Roger Houeden the historie of Rochester Flores Hystoriarum Thomas Stubbes in hys historie of the Archbishops of Yorke and in all other moste auncient histories aswell written in the olde Saxon tounge as in Lattyne Moreouer in many deedes and writynges of giftes made by kyng Aethelrede when Aelfricke subscribeth as Archbyshop of Canterburye then in them is one Aldulphus Wulfstanes predecessour named Archbyshop of Yorke and Wulfstane him self subscribeth but as an inferiour byshop But be it that this Aelfricke was onely abbot and not Archbishop of Canterburye yet this is also most true that beside the prayse of great learning of being a most eloquēt interpreter for which William of Malmesburye doth greatly commend him he was also of such credite and estimation to the lyking of that age in which he liued that all his writinges and chiefly these his epistles were then thought to contayne sounde doctrine and the byshops them selues dyd iudge them full of ryghte good counsaile preceptes and rules to gouerne therby their clergie and therfore dyd most earnestly request to haue these epistles sent vnto them as doe well appeare by ij shorte Lattyne epistles set before the Saxon epistles wherof the one is sent to Wulfsine byshop of Scyrburne the other to Wulfstane Archbyshop of Yorke And after this also byshops of other churches amonge other cānons that they collected out of generall perticular councells out of the bookes of Gildas out of the poenitentialls of Theodorus Archbyshop of Canterburye out of the extractes of Egberhtus the iiij Archbishop of Yorke frō Paulinus out of the epistles of Alcuinus teacher to Charles the great and to conclude out of the writinges of the fathers of the primatiue church amonge other Cannons I saye they collected together for the better orderyng of their churches they doe place

amonge them also these two epistles of Aelfricke as is to be sene in ij bokes of Cānons of Worceter librarye wherof the one is all in the olde Saxon tounge and there these epistles of Aelfricke be in the same tounge the other is for the most parte all in Lattyne and is intituled Admonitio spiritualis doctrinae where these epistles be in the Lattyne tounge and be ioyned together for an exhortation to be made of the byshop to hys clergie There is also a like booke of Cannons of Exeter church where these two epistles in Lattyne be appoynted in stede of two sermons to bee preached Ad clericos et presbyteros to the clerkes and priestes and the epistles be also in the same boke in the Saxon tonge And thys booke was geuen to Sainct Peters church in Exeter by Leofricke the first and most famous bishop of that church as in hys owne recorde and graūt of all such landes bokes and other thinges he gaue vnto the church it is thus expressed in the Saxon tounge Here sƿutelaþ on ðissere bec hƿaet Leofric b. haefþ gedon into sancti Petres minstre on Exanceastre ðaer his bisceop stol is ꝧ is ꝧ he haefþ geinnod ꝧ aer geutod ƿaes ðurh Godes fultume c. ðonne is seo oncnaƿennis ðe he haefþ god mid gecnaƿen sanctum Petrū into ðam halgan mynstre on cyrclicū madmū ꝧ is ꝧ he haefþ þider inngedon 11. ful maesse bec ane colectaneum .11 pistel bec .11 fulsang bec .1 nihtsang .1 ad te leuaui .11 psalteras se ðriddan sƿa man singþ on rome .11 ymneras 1. deorƿurþ bletsung boc .111 oþer þeos englisc Cristes boc .11 sumer raeding bec 1. ƿinter raeding boc regula canonicorum martyrologium .1 canon on leden scrift boc on englisc c. Here is shewed in thys booke or charter what Leofrike bishop hath geuen into Saint Peters mynster at Exeter where his bishops seate is that is that he hath gotte in agayne through Gods helpe what soeuer was takē out so forth first shewing what lādes of such as was taken from the church he recouered agayne partlye by his earnest complaynte and sute made for the same partlye by his geuyng of rewardes Nexte making also report what landes with other treasure of his own he gaue of newe to the place he commeth at laste to the rehearsall of hys bookes wherof the last here named a Cannon on Leden scrift boc on Englisc that is a Cannon boke in Lattyne and shryfte boke in Englishe is the boke we speake of and hath in it the Lattyne and Saxon epistles of Aelfricke Thus as this boke of Exeter church hath thys good euidence by which it is shewed that Leofrike was the geuer therof euen so the boke of Cānons of Worceter church written all in Saxon hath in it most certayne testimonie that the writer therof was the publike scribe of the church whose name was Wulfgeat For thus haue And let byshops take heede that they presume not to ordaine priestes or deacons vnlesse they do first professe to haue no wiues Now albeit thys and many other councels helde from tyme to tyme by the space more thē of an hundreth yeares after this did litle auaile but that the priestes did both marrye and still kepe their wiues because as wryteth Gerardus Archbyshop of Yorke to Anselme Cum ad ordines aliquos inuito dura ceruice renituntur ne in ordinando castitatem profiteantur When I call any to orders they resiste with a stiffe necke that they doe not in taking order professe chastitie Or as is reported in the Saxon storye of Peterborowe church speaking of the councells of Anselme of Iohn of Cremona of William Archbyshop of Canterburye Ne forstod noht ealle þa bodlaces All these decrees auayled nothyng Ealle heoldon here ƿifes be ðes cinges leaf sƿa sƿa hi ear didon They all kept their wiues still by the kinges leaue as they dyd before Yet it came to passe vpon thys decree of Lanfranke that the forme of wordes wherin the priestes should vowe chastitie was nowe fyrst put into some bishops pontificall Ego frater N. promitto deo omnibusque Sanctis eius castitatem corporis mei secundum cannonum decreta secundum ordinem mihi imponendū seruare domino praesule N. presente And as the wordes were thus put into some pōtifical in a general speaking as the māner is thys cōtrouersie but also that more is what was the cōmon receaued doctrine herein of the whole church of England as well when Aelfricke hym self lyued as before hys tyme and also after his time euē frō him to the conquest But what was the condition and state of the church whē Aelfricke him self liued In deede to confesse the truth it was in diuers pointes of Religion full of blindnes and ignoraunce full of childysh seruitude to ceremonies as it was longe before and after and to much geuen to the loue of monketye which now at thys tyme vnmeasurablye tooke roote and grewe excessiuely But yet to speake what the aduersaryes of the truth haue iudged of thys time it is most certayne that there is no age of the church of England which they haue more reuerenced and thought more holy then thys For of what age haue they canonized vnto vs more sainctes and to their lyking more notable Fyrst Odo Archbyshop of Canteaburye who dyed in the beginning of king Edgars raigne Then king Edgar hym selfe by whom Aelfricke was made abbot of Malmesburye Then Edward called the Martyr kyng Edgars bastard sonne Then Editha kyng Edgars bastarde daughter Also Dunstane archbyshop of Canterbury of whō Aelfricke was greatly estemed Aethelwold bishop of Winchester vnder whom Aelfricke had hys first bringing vp Oswalde byshop of Worceter and after Archbyshop of Yorke who made Aelfricke abbot of S. Albons Wulfsine bishop of Scyrburne vnto whom Aelfricke wryteth the first of the epistles we here speake of Elfleda a Nunne of Romesey and Wulhilda Abbesse of Barkyng lyued in the dayes of king Edgar And laste of all Wlfritha K. Edgars cōcubyne All these I say with some other more be canonized for sainctes of this age in which Aelfricke him self liued in great fame credite Also Leofricke and Wulfsine whom we haue shewed to haue been the geuers of those Cannon bookes wherin be seene Aelfrickes epistles be reuerenced for moste holy men and saintes of their churches And these ij liued byshops in the comming in of the Conquerour Thus doe some men now a dayes not onely dissent in doctrine from their owne church but also from that age of their churche whiche they haue thought moste holy and iudged a most excellēt paterne to be folowed Wherfore what may we nowe thinke of that great cōsent wherof the Romanistes haue long made vaunte to witte their doctrine to haue cōtinued many hundred yeares as it were lincked together with