are ugly enough yet they are so much more deform'd as drawn by others who yet were no Hereticks that his when compared with theirs may be thought to flatter them Yea I appeal to any indifferent Reader whether Pallavicino himself says not more to the discredit of Leo X. g Hist l. 1. c. 2. Whether the Character he gives of Julius III. does not make more to his disgrace h L. 13. c. 10. n. 8. than that Soave gives him And for those Popes which Soave highly commends does not Pallavicino as much defame them Adrian of whom Soave thought the World not worthy Pallavicino represents as a Pope not worthy of the World He was indeed an excellent Priest but in truth a mean Pope the Cardinals valu'd him above his desert when they exalted him to the Papal Throne i Fu Ecclesiastico ottimo Pontifice in verita mediocre c. l. 2. c. 9. And for Marcellus though he falls foul upon Soave for defaming him yet see what a worthy Eulogie he has left of him 'T was happy for him that he died so soon for had his Reign been long he would hardly have maintain'd by his actions that high opinion the World had conceived of him k Lib. 13. c. 11. n. 7. To conclude this if we may credit Aquilinus Pallavicino seems to have done more mischief to the Church of Rome by what he has written of the Popes than Soave l Certum sane apparet quantum detrimenti Catholicae reipublicae inducat haec Pallavicini historia in his quae de Romanis Pontificibus narrat Unde e contra minus damni Petrus Soave in suo opere afferre videtur p. 77. Quis tulerit Gracchos 2. Having seen how fairly he treats the Popes let us now look whether he hath shew'd himself so just to their Legats in the Council Pallavicino says That he defames not only some but all the Presidents and that perpetually m Non parlo del vituperio perpetuo col quale infama e tutti i Presidenti di essa c. Introduz c. 11. If this Accusation were true it would be a shrewd Argument of his insincerity but how remote it is from the neighbourhood of truth will soon be made appear The Presidents of the Council under Paul III. were John Maria de Monte Cardinal Bishop of Palestrine Marcellus Cervinus Cardinal Priest of the holy Cross and Reginald Pool Cardinal Deacon of S. Mary in Cosmedin Hear now what Soave says of them In this Man viz. Reginald Pool the Pope chose Nobility of Blood and Opinion of Piety which commonly was had of him In Marcellus Constancy and immovable and undaunted Perseverance together with exquisite Knowledge In Monte reality and openness of mind with such Fidelity to his Patrons that he preferred their interest to the safety of his own Conscience n L. 2. p. 111. Is there any thing in this but what is for the credit of Reginald and Marcellus and nothing but the last clause that can reflect the least disparagement upon Monte. He says That the Legats admonition at the opening of the Council was accounted Pious Christian Modest and worthy the Cardinals o L. 2. p. 132. And this I hope is not to disgrace them Again That they proposed to the Popes consideration that it would be good to make some effectual Reformation in Rome p L. 2. p. 254. And that at Trent in the next Congregation they proposed the Reformation of divers Abuses q P. 256. These things are spoken of the Legats in common Let us now see what he says of each of them apart and first of Marcellus When a great and rich Prelate r This was the Cardinal of Trent in the Congregation went about to shew that they ought only to aim at the Reformation aggravating much the common Deformation of the whole Clergy and inculcating that so long as our Vessels were not cleansed the Holy Ghost would not dwell in them The Cardinal of Holy Cross much commended that Prelate for making mention of a thing so holy and of so good example for beginning from themselves they might easily reform all the rest of the World and he earnestly exhorted all to the practice thereof Å¿ L. 2. p. 144. He tells us also That the Cardinal took incredible pains to make the Decrees viz. of the sixth Session avoiding as much as was possible to insert any things controverted among the Schoolmen and so handling those which could not be omitted as that every one might be contented t P. 215. And truly says he concerning these particulars it is not fit to rob the Cardinal of his due Praise u P. 216. It seems Soave intended this for his Praise And so did he many things which he hath left on Record concerning the Cardinal of Monte. For instance his Discourse about Residence in which the Cardinal says That the World hath complain'd long since of the absence of Prelates and Pastors daily demanding Residence That their absence from their Churches is the cause of all the mischiefs of the Church For the Church may be compared to a Ship the sinking whereof is ascribed to the absent Pilot That Heresies Ignorance and Dissolution do reign in the People and bad Manners and Vices in the Clergy because that Pastors being absent from the Flock no Man hath care to instruct those or correct these c. w L. 2. p. 191. When his Master the Pope order'd the Legats to find out matters to delay the Session Monte who was of an ingenuous Disposition thought it would be hard and could not promise to be constant in so long a Dissimulation x P. 204. This may perhaps pass for a Defamation with Pallavicino the Jesuits being so excellent at the art of dissembling He elsewhere tells us That Monte was peremptory against the Abuse of selling the Sacraments y P. 247. And his Zeal Courage and undaunted Resolution upon all occasions in asserting and maintaining the Pope's Power and Greatness z P. 260 261 266 268 279 281. one who hath read Pallavicino's new Gospel would not think the Cardinal should reckon it a Disparagement to him Let us now see how Soave defames Cardinal Pool He says That he was of the Blood Royal That the Dependents of the Farnesi for his good Disposition were content to elect him Pope to succeed Paul III. That he was of exemplary life That he was acceptable to the Nobility of England for his Wisdom and Sanctity a P. 298 384 405. That many in England were scandaliz'd and alien'd from the Pope for depriving him of his Legation And if this be to dispraise what is it to commend a Man But let it be that in the Jesuits reckoning good Disposition and exemplary Life are no matters of just Commendation The Presidents of the Council under Julius III. were Marcellus Crescentius Cardinal of S. Marcellus Sebastianus Pighinus
who could not be ignorant of such a Proposal if any such had been I mean the most Learned Men of that Church not those who were suspected to have too much kindness for Hereticks viz. Erasmus Cassander Wicelius c. but the stoutest Champions of the Papacy and those of highest Authority in that Church next to the Pope himself such as Cardinal Cajetan who not long before the Council taught things plainly contrary to divers of the Trent Decrees Or 5. As if the Ignorance of such Point before the Definition of a Council might not be some loss in order to our Salvation Some loss A man then it seems might have been saved who held the contrary yet so as by fire That Sin therefore which was but Venial before the Definition of the Council became Mortal after it Another new Article which the Council forgat to define But if not in this nor that nor t'other sense in what sense at last after all these Limitations and Exceptions are these Points made by the Councils defining them Articles of Faith Why in no sense for they were Articles of Faith before the only difference is that they were then less necessary now more necessary to be believed For by the Councils desining them they are made necessary to be believed in some degree of necessity wherein they were not before u R. H. S. 192. But till it be proved that they were necessary to be believed before by some better Argument than barely saying so we shall hardly be perswaded that they are more necessary to be believed since But how comes it to be more necessary now than formerly to believe these new old Articles By reason of a more evident Proposal of them when the Council whose Judgment we are bound to believe and submit to declares them to be Divine Truths w Ibid. But how come we to be bound to believe and submit to the Judgment of the Council of Trent Was it a Council of the Catholick Church No but of the Roman Church only Does the Church of England owe any Subjection to the Church of Rome No that Church had never any Dominion over her but what was Usurpt Had the Church of England any Representatives in the Council No in the Catalogue of the Bishops one British Bishop is mentioned viz. Tho. Goduclus Bishop of St. Asaph but he had no Commission from this Church Have the Decrees and Canons of the Council been since received by the Church of England No. Will it not then be a hard matter to prove that the Members of this Church are bound to submit to the Judgment of this Council And yet we shall readily submit to it First In case it be once proved which this Author supposes and takes for granted that this Council was Infallible Or 2 ly Supposing it hath err'd which is most notorious That it is our Duty to assent to its Errors as Divine Truths What he says afterward of the obligation that lies upon us from the Definition of the Church x R. H. S. 193. is the same thing repeated because by the Church he means no more than the Roman Church assembled at Trent And therefore the Church of England in not submitting to her is no way defective in her Duty of Obedience because she owes no obedience to her But are not the Points themselves defined such as require our acceptance Because they are such as are some way profitable to our Salvation some way advantageous to Gods Glory some way conducible to Christian Edification to the Peace of the Church c. y Ibid. I wish he had told us what way for it is hard to conceive that it is any way more profitable to our Salvation to believe with the Council of Trent that Concupiscence is not Sin than to believe with St. Paul that it is z Rom. 7. 7. That it is any way more advantageous to Gods Glory to believe with the Council that there is no Divine Precept for the Laity to receive the Eucharist in both Kinds a Sess 21. Cap. 1. than to believe with Pope Gelasius that it is Sacrilege to divide that Mystery b De Consecrat Dist 2. c. 12. That it is any way more conducible to Christian Edification to believe that the Books of Maccabees are Canonical than to believe with Pope Gregory the Great that they are not c Greg. Moral Expos in Job l. 19. c. 17. That it is any way more Subservient to the Peace of the Church to believe that the Church of Rome is the Mother of all Churches than to believe with the second General Council that Jerusalem is d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Concil Constantinop ◠Epist Episcop I shall not insist upon the Bull of Pius IV. by which all men are excluded from Salvation who do not assent not only to all matters defined and declared by the Council of Trent but by other General Councils because what I undertook is already so fully proved that it needs no additional Evidence It may suffice to make three brief Remarks upon R. H's Discourse in Vindication of it in his four next Sections 1. In that he says The Clause haec est Fides Catholica extra quam nemo Salvus is a Declaration of the Pope and can have no more Authority than other Papal Decrees e S. 194. Thereby plainly intimating that a Papal Decree is of less Authority than that of a general Council What can be said more absurd when spoken with respect to the Council of Trent Since this Council did not only again and again expresly own the Pope for their Lord (f) Decrevit integrum negotium ad Sanctissimum Dominum nostrum esse referendum Decret Super Pet. Concess Calicis Sess 22. but did also humbly Petition him that he would vouchsafe to confirm their Decrees (g) In Decreto de fine Concilii Qua propter nos Johannes Cardinalis Moronus Ludovicus Cardinalis Simoneta humiliter petimus nomine dicti Concilii Oecumenici Tridentini ut sanctitas vestra dignetur confirmare omnia singula quae tam sub fel. rec Paulo iii. Julio iii. quam sub Sanctitate Vestra in eo decreta definita sunt Confirmat Concilii and many other ways acknowledge his Superiority over them as will afterward more fully appear 2. He says Whatever Profession of Faith is made in the Bull it concerneth not any Person save those who enter into Religious Orders or into some Ecclesiastical Benefice (h) c. 11. §. 194. It concerns not any save them to make this Profession but the Faith professed so far concerns all that if the Pope do not err no Man can be saved without it And one part of this Faith is an assent to all the Definitions of the Trent Council For the words are these All other things likewise do I undoubtedly receive and profess which are deliver'd defin'd and declared by the Sacred Canons and general Councils
Councils Pope Pius his Predecessors Or were the Popes his Predecessors general Councils But be it so that Popes only and not Councils were his Predecessors yet by the help of an i. e. those rods which were fashion'd by Popes were fashioned by Councils too For they viz. the Popes fashioned the rods i. e. in the Synods held in the Church before Luthers appearance (y) R. H. c. 11. S. 198. As if the Pope had not authority to make a rod without a Synod Notwithstanding the good service this Author hath done his Holiness here in England were he at Rome he would be whipt for his pains with a Rod of the Popes own making for derogating so much from his Authority in setting a Synod above him And yet after all I think no Romanist will be able to produce any General Council before Luthers time in which any one of those Rods I have before mention'd was fashion'd by the Pope But The Protestants who accuse seem as guilty (z) R. H. S. 199. In that the Protestants seem as guilty it is confess'd that the Council of Trent is really guilty The Protestants perhaps seem as guilty to him that they but seem so will easily be made appear For whatever new Definitions the Protestants have made in opposition to the new Romish Errors they do not make them such neeessary Articles of their Faith as that without the belief of them no man can be saved There is nothing in all this Section nor in all his tedious Discourse upon this subject in another place (a) Disc 3. c. 7. that looks toward the proof of this except this passage As the Roman Church doth anathematize those who affirm the contrary to her Articles to be true so doth the Church of England in the Synod held under King James 1603. Can 5. excommunicate those that affirm any of her Articles to be erroneous How unfaithfully is this represented does the Church of Rome anathematize those only who affirm the contrary to her Articles to be true Does she not also expresly anathematize those who think the contrary to several of them (b) Sess 5. c. 5. Sess 25. c. 2. and that in Points not only denied by Protestants but by some of her own Children Yea does she not make all those Propositions Articles of her Faith necessary to be believed which are contrary to those propositions to which in the Canons an Anathema is affixed as has been already proved out of Canus whom our Author has made Judge of this Controversy Yea does not he himself tell us again and again That any man who denies Assent to any Point when sufficiently evidenced to him to be a Definition of the Church is guilty of such a sin which unrepented of ruins Salvation (c) Considerat S. 192. 194. Disc 3. S 81. n. 4 5 6. He says indeed not because it is in it self for the matter necessary to be believed but because it is defined by the Church which is infallibly assisted But does not this render the Tyranny of the Roman Church so much the more intolerable unless he also prove that she is in all her Definitions so infallibly assisted Which if he once do no Protestant I presume will ever again call in question any of her Proposals But now the Church of England does not require any man to believe that all her decisions contrary to those of Rome are necessary Points of Faith She censures no man for thinking but only for speaking or acting and not for saying That all her Doctrine is not infallibly true but that any part of it is false She excommunicates those only who affirm that her Articles are erroneous But now what a wide difference is there between not saying that they are erroneous and saying that they are necessary ten thousand Propositions may be true which are no necessary Points of Faith This is yet further evident by the subscription required of those who are admitted to holy Orders or to any Ecclesiastical Benefice What is it they subscribe to That the Book of Common-Prayer was compos'd by men infallibly assisted That the 39 Articles are as necessary as the Apostles Creed No. But 1. That the Book of Common-Prayer and of ordering of Bishops Priests and Deacons containeth in it nothing contrary to the word of God and that it may lawfully be used (d.) Can. 36. Art 2 3. Can a thing be spoken with greater Modesty In what a different stile does the Council of Trent speak of the Canon of the Mass The sacred Canon is so free from all error that nothing is contain'd in it that doth not in the highest degree savour of Holiness (e) Ita ab omni errore purum ut nihil in eo contineatur quod non maxime sanctitatem ac pietatem quandam redoleat Sess 22. c. 4. 2. That he alloweth the book of Articles of Religion alloweth only and that he acknowledgeth all and every the Articles therein contained to be agreeable to the word of God (f) Ibid. And every thing is agreeable to the Word of God that is no way contrary to it and so thousands of Propositions which are far enough remote from being Articles of Faith But now in what a lofty strain does the Subscription to Pius's Creed run All things delivered defined and declared by Sacred Canons Vniversal Councils and especially by the Council of Trent I undoubtedly receive and confess and withal I Condemn Reject and Accurse all things contrary and all Heresies whatsoever condemned rejected and accursed by the Church This true Catholick Faith without which no man can be saved which at present I freely prosess and truly hold I the same N. do Promise Vow and Swear most constantly to retain and confess intire and inviolate to the last gasp and to take care to the uttermost of my Power that it be Held Taught and Preached by those that are under me or such as I shall have charge over in my Office (g) Bulla super forma Jurament Profes Fidei Again Can. 6. of the Synod held under Charles I. Anno 1640. the form of Subscription runs thus I A. B. do Swear that I do approve and sincerely acknowledg the Doctrine and Discipline established in the Church of England as containing all things necessary to Salvation Not that all things contained in them are necessary to Salvation but that all things necessary to Salvation are contain'd in them By what hath been said it plainly appears That there are other main differences between the two Churches in making new Definitions and requiring assent to them besides those mention'd by R. H. (h) § 201. And it might as easily have been shew'd That those very differences are by him not fairly represented I have I think sufficiently proved That the Council of Trent instead of making any Reformation in Faith and Worship did on the contrary not only confirm these Corruptions it found but superadded many to them 2. Nor did it only
former Council They might as well have left it to him to make them as they in effect did for nothing was decreed without first asking his leave 4. The imposing on Provincial and Diocesan Synods an Oath of true Obedience to the Pope o Sess 25. cap. 2. another new piece of Tyranny for tho the Bishops at their Consecration fomerly took an Oath of Fidelity to him yet never before was any Oath imposed upon them when met together in Provincial and Diocesan Synods 5. Usurping the Rights of Bishops by making them the Pope Delegates in matters which belong to their Ordinary Jurisdiction (p) Episcoporum potestas non solum non aucta sed ex ea multum delibatum est cum ea potestas quae ipsorum propria est ex Dei instituto iis attributa iis tanquam a sede Apostolica delegatis concedatur Thuan. l. 6. c. 2. Review of the Council of Trent l. 6. c. 2. Whereas anciently every Bishop governed his own Diocess without Dependence upon or Subordination to the Pope by the Laws of Trent they can do almost nothing unless by Delegation from him May Bishops provide Vicars to supply the room of such Clergymen as are dispensed with for non-residence and assign them a competent Salary out of the Fruits Not by their own Authority but as they are Delegates of the Apostolick See (q) Sess 6. cap. 2. May they depute Assistants to unlearned and ignorant Parish Priests They may as Delegates of the Apostolick See (r) Sess 21. cap. 6. May they take upon them to Examine a Notary and if they find him unfit forbid him the Exercise of his Office in Ecclesiastical matters Yes but as Delegates of the Apostolick See (s) Sess 22. cap. 10. But surely in matters which belong to Visitation and the Correction of Manners the Bishops may of themselves ordain and execute those things which they judg necessary for the good of their People and for the profit of the Church No but only as Delegates of the Apostolick See (t) Sess 24. cap. 10. This is the enlargement of the Bishops Power which R. H. so much boasts of (u) Considerat on the Council of Trent c. 12. § 211 Many more Instances of like nature might be produced but these may suffice to shew how palpably untrue that Assertion of Pallavicino's is viz. That there is not so much as one Syllable in this Council for any new Emolument to the Pope (w) In hoc Concilio ne una quidem conspicitur syllaba pro novo Pontificis Emolumento Apparat ad hist c. 10. n. 3. And how unjustly the same Cardinal charges Soave with falsity for saying That this Council hath so established the Popes Power that it was never so great nor so solidly founded (x) Ibid. And likewise that R. H. had as little reason to carp at a like passage of Dr. Stilling fleet 's viz. That which was intended to clip the Wings of the Court of Rome had confirmed and advanced the Interest of it (y) Considerat c. 12. § 103. For as all those Decrees that might otherwise have retrenched their Exorbitances were themselves so clipt by Exceptions or Restrictions or by some other Counter Decree that they could effect nothing so many other Decrees were made by which the Interest of the Pope and his Court were highly promoted particularly this last mention'd of deriving all Jurisdiction from the Pope by making all other Bishops his Vicars and Commissaries And therefore no wonder that his Holiness was transported with Joy and gave immortal Thanks that the Council had such an happy Issue (z) Pallav. l. 24. c. 9. n. 5. For to use the words of Du Ranchin you shall never read of any Council that was so much to the Popes Honour and good liking as this Amongst so many Bulls and Constitutions which have come forth since you shall scarce find any which doth not make mention of this Council which doth not name it with Honour which doth not express an earnest desire of the observation of it and which doth not in some sort confirm it Among all the Councils that ever were no compare with this for Reverence and Respect It hath quite defaced and extinguished the memory of all the rest It is their Minion their Favourite their Champion their Arsenal their Bulwark their Protector their Creature and good Reason why they should make so much of it (*) Review of the Council of Trent l. 1. c. 1. FINIS AN ADVERTISEMENT Of Books lately Printed for Richard Chiswell THe History of the Reformation of the Church of England by GILBERT BVRNET D. D. in two Volumes Folio The Moderation of the Church of England in her Reformation in Avoiding all undue compliances with Popery and other sorts of Fanaticisms c. by TIMOTHY PVLLER D. D. Octavo A Dissertation concerning the Government of the Ancient Church more particularly of the Encroachments of the Bishops of Rome upon other Sees by WILLIAM CAVE D. D. Octavo An Answer to Mr. Serjeants Sure Footing in Christianity concerning the Rule of Faith with some other Discourse by WILLIAM FALKNER D. D. Octavo A Vindication of the Ordinations of the Church of England against the Romanists by GILBERT BVRNET D. D Octavo The APOLOGY of the Church of England and an Epistle to one Signior Scipio a Venetian Gentleman concerning the Council of Trent Written both in Latin by the Right Reverend Father in God JOHN JEWEL Lord Bshop of Sarisbury Made English by a Person of Quality To which is added The Life of the said Bishop Collected and Written by the same Hand Octavo The LETTER writ by the last Assembly General of the Clergy of France to the Protestants inviting them to return to their Communion Together with the Methods proposed by them for their Conviction Translated into English and Examined by GILBERT BVRNET D D. Octavo The Life of WILLIAM BEDEL D. D. Bishop of Kilmore in Ireland Together with Certain Letters which passed betwixt him and James Waddesworth a late Pensioner of the Holy Inquisition in Sevil in matter of Religion concerning the General Motives to the Roman Obedience Quarto The Decree made at ROME the Second of March 1679. condemning some Opinions of the Jesuits and other Casuists Quarto A Discourse concerning the necessity of Reformation with respect to the Errors and Corruptions of the Church of Rome Quarto First and Second parts A Discourse concerning the Celebration of Divine Service in an Unknown Tongue Quarto A PAPIST not Misrepresented by PROTESTANTS Being a Reply to the Reflections upon the Answer to A Papist Misrepresented and Represented Quarto An Exposition of the Doctrine of the Church of England in the several Articles proposed by the late BISHOP of CONDOM in his Exposition of the Doctrine of the Catholick Church An Answer to THREE PAPERS lately printed concerning the Authority of the Catholick Church in matters of Faith and the Reformation of the Church of England Quarto A CATECHISM Explaining the Doctrines and Practices of the Church of Rome with an Answer thereunto by a Protestant of the Church of England Octavo