enjoy_v to_o himself_o as_o a_o reward_n the_o benefit_n of_o his_o own_o skill_n and_o labour_n then_o be_v house_n build_v field_n sow_o with_o corn_n vineyard_n plant_v and_o the_o manner_n of_o live_v heighten_v by_o progressive_a step_n and_o gradation_n from_o the_o plain_a state_n of_o simple_a necessity_n to_o a_o degree_n of_o convenience_n from_o convenience_n to_o delight_n from_o delight_n to_o luxury_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o wide_a sea_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o cultivation_n or_o improvement_n by_o art_n or_o industry_n it_o may_v therefore_o be_v reasonable_o suppose_v never_o to_o have_v be_v impropriate_v by_o consent_n but_o leave_v to_o its_o primitive_a and_o natural_a communion_n if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o sundry_a people_n and_o nation_n have_v be_v lord_n of_o several_a sea_n as_o the_o athenian_n carthaginian_n rhodian_o and_o roman_n to_o that_o will_v be_v reply_v that_o this_o be_v force_n and_o empire_n without_o property_n a_o usurpation_n not_o a_o right_a and_o that_o a_o arm_a conqueror_n by_o the_o same_o rule_n that_o he_o dispossess_v what_o be_v proper_a may_v impropriate_a what_o be_v common_a only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o it_o be_v extensive_o more_o unjust_a to_o debar_v many_o from_o their_o common_a right_n than_o to_o disseise_v a_o single_a person_n of_o his_o private_a inheritance_n i_o shall_v not_o enter_v upon_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n as_o not_o be_v to_o my_o purpose_n but_o as_o to_o the_o forementioned_a argument_n how_o plausible_a soever_o it_o conclude_v fallacious_o as_o if_o that_o which_o be_v but_o causa_fw-la una_fw-la one_o cause_n be_v causa_fw-la unica_fw-la the_o only_a cause_n whereas_o there_o may_v be_v other_o reason_n and_o consideration_n beside_o that_o of_o encourage_v industry_n why_o communion_n be_v change_v into_o property_n and_o those_o equal_o extendible_a to_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o land._n possible_o the_o consent_n of_o some_o nation_n may_v divest_v themselves_o of_o a_o joint_n right_n and_o invest_v it_o in_o one_o in_o order_n to_o a_o public_a benefit_n and_o this_o be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o that_o title_n which_o the_o venetian_a have_v to_o the_o gulf_n which_o be_v a_o particular_a and_o remarkable_a case_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o brief_o to_o touch_v upon_o it_o in_o the_o follow_a paragraph_n the_o ottoman_a power_n extend_v itself_o into_o europe_n gulf_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n in_o the_o gulf_n to_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o eastern_a empire_n conquer_a all_o greece_n with_o macedon_n and_o epirus_n and_o penetrate_v to_o the_o very_a bank_n of_o the_o gulf_n almost_o within_o sight_n of_o italy_n the_o italian_a and_o other_o neighbour_a prince_n to_o interpose_v the_o best_a screen_n they_o can_v betwixt_o themselves_o and_o the_o near_a approach_a danger_n do_v by_o a_o concur_v interest_n impatronize_v the_o venetian_a in_o the_o gulf_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o potency_n in_o ship_n and_o the_o immediate_a concern_v of_o their_o own_o imminent_a peril_n be_v the_o most_o proper_a state_n to_o be_v make_v the_o bulwark_n of_o christendom_n at_o sea._n â—8_o flau._n blend_v dicad_n 2._o â—8_o thus_o the_o pope_n by_o the_o ceremony_n of_o a_o ring_n wed_v their_o duke_n every_o year_n to_o the_o adriatic_a and_o in_o the_o general_n council_n of_o lion_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o ambassador_n of_o several_a prince_n upon_o complaint_n make_v against_o the_o venetian_n for_o lay_v imposition_n upon_o all_o ship_n sail_v within_o the_o gulf_n judgement_n be_v give_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o republic_n upon_o consideration_n of_o their_o guard_v that_o sea_n against_o the_o course_n of_o the_o pirate_n and_o saracen_n and_o the_o neighbour_a prince_n will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o send_v a_o galley_n without_o ask_v leave_n of_o the_o senate_n which_o respect_n be_v so_o provident_o manage_v by_o that_o wise_a council_n the_o better_a to_o assert_v their_o marine_a sovereignty_n that_o sometime_o they_o will_v give_v leave_n under_o some_o restriction_n and_o condition_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o sister_n of_o ulâ—d_a sâ—â—â—â—_n king_n of_o naples_n 6._o joan._n palat._n de_fw-fr domin_n mar._n l._n 2._o c._n 6._o sometime_o they_o deny_v leave_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o maâ—y_v sister_n of_o philip_n king_n of_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 16â—0_n who_o the_o senate_n will_v not_o permit_v to_o be_v transport_v from_o nâ—â—lâ—â—_n to_o trieste_n in_o the_o galley_n of_o spain_n but_o in_o those_o only_o of_o the_o republic_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v also_o that_o the_o gulf_n oâ—_n venice_n be_v not_o a_o wide_a sea_n or_o ocean_n nor_o a_o straight_a or_o narrow_a sea_n call_v in_o latin_a fretum_n but_o a_o sinus_n a_o bay_n or_o gulf_n close_v at_o one_o end_n in_o the_o bottom_n whereof_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n be_v situate_a upon_o several_a small_a isle_n or_o insulet_n the_o sea_n of_o england_n be_v of_o a_o different_a nature_n and_o condition_n they_o be_v open_a both_o above_o and_o below_o and_o they_o be_v the_o midway-passage_n betwixt_o all_o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a nation_n the_o ware_n and_o merchandise_n of_o muscovy_n poland_n sweden_n denmark_n norway_n germany_n and_o the_o netherlands_o be_v convey_v by_o ship_n to_o france_n spain_n italy_n the_o levant_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o back_o again_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n through_o the_o north-east_n sea_n betwixt_o england_n and_o germany_n and_o the_o western_a channel_n betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n which_o show_v of_o what_o influence_n and_o import_n this_o dominion_n on_o the_o part_n of_o england_n be_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world._n chap._n i._n what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o what_o the_o true_a notion_n or_o idea_n of_o it_o be_v before_o i_o proceed_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a first_o to_o explain_v the_o term_n what_o be_v mean_v by_o dominion_n what_o by_o sovereignty_n and_o what_o by_o the_o sea_n lest_o we_o lose_v thing_n in_o word_n and_o take_v up_o with_o name_n instead_o of_o reality_n by_o dominion_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v property_n for_o so_o be_v that_o word_n dominion_n always_o take_v in_o its_o legal_a sense_n or_o a_o right_n of_o possess_v and_o use_v any_o thing_n as_o one_o own_o and_o of_o exclude_v all_o other_o from_o a_o promiscuous_a and_o equal_a use_n thereof_o that_o be_v i_o which_o be_v so_o i_o as_o it_o be_v not_o another_o eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o it_o be_v i_o and_o this_o property_n be_v twofold_a either_o public_a or_o private_a for_o proper_a be_v not_o oppose_v to_o public_a but_o to_o common_a public_a property_n exclude_v communion_n among_o nation_n private_a property_n communion_n among_o person_n for_o as_o particular_a manor_n and_o tenement_n divide_v by_o their_o respective_a bound_n and_o buttles_n be_v the_o private_a property_n of_o particular_a person_n which_o they_o possess_v privative_o of_o other_o person_n so_o country_n and_o territory_n like_o great_a manor_n divide_v each_o from_o other_o by_o limit_n and_o border_n be_v the_o public_a property_n of_o nation_n which_o they_o possess_v exclusive_o one_o of_o another_o the_o whole_a territory_n of_o england_n be_v the_o public_a property_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o this_o property_n exclude_v alien_n or_o all_o bear_v out_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n liegeance_n from_o take_v real_a inheritance_n or_o hold_v land_n and_o tenement_n any_o where_o in_o england_n the_o supreme_a rule_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o and_o over_o this_o territory_n be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v sovereignty_n and_o be_v the_o public_a property_n of_o the_o king_n in_o right_a of_o his_o crown_n of_o england_n he_o be_v sole_a lord_n of_o this_o great_a manor_n and_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v hold_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o of_o he_o and_o as_o he_o be_v head_n and_o chief_a ruler_n he_o bear_v within_o he_o the_o person_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o thus_o all_o england_n be_v his_o territorial_n property_n and_o the_o royal_a demean_n and_o possession_n annex_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o the_o public_a revenue_n thereof_o and_o as_o distinct_a from_o the_o private_a possession_n of_o particular_a person_n be_v his_o patrimonial_a property_n he_o have_v they_o in_o his_o public_a and_o politic_a capacity_n as_o king_n not_o in_o his_o private_a and_o natural_a as_o a_o individual_a person_n for_o king_n as_o well_o as_o subject_n may_v have_v possession_n in_o a_o private_a right_n as_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o buy_v the_o land_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o corn_n he_o have_v not_o those_o land_n in_o right_a of_o his_o crown_n as_o king_n for_o he_o be_v king_n before_o he_o have_v they_o i_o have_v do_v with_o those_o two_o
fleet_n be_v ad_fw-la tutelam_fw-la maris_fw-la say_v suetonius_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o sea._n we_o ad_fw-la custodiam_fw-la say_v our_o record_n for_o the_o custody_n or_o safe_a keep_n it_o from_o be_v infest_a by_o pirate_n a_o trade_n frequent_a in_o former_a age_n among_o the_o northern_a people_n and_o consequent_o for_o secure_v the_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o ally_n the_o two_o fleet_n do_v praesidere_fw-la italiam_fw-la say_v tacitus_n guard_n italy_n as_o a_o garrison_n town_n do_v a_o frontier_n we_o be_v also_o call_v nave_n praesidiariae_fw-la garrison-ship_n to_o guard_v the_o open_a shore_n and_o land_v place_n of_o a_o large_a island_n against_o the_o hostile_a insult_n and_o descent_n of_o foreigner_n they_o be_v our_o movable_a garrison_n our_o float_a castle_n fifty_o of_o which_o will_v defend_v a_o island_n better_o than_o five_o thousand_o stand_a one_o be_v build_v round_o the_o shore_n beside_o the_o two_o admiralty_n of_o the_o north_n and_o south_n the_o book_n of_o our_o municipal_a law_n make_v frequent_a mention_n of_o the_o quatuor_fw-la maria_n the_o four_o sea_n environ_v england_n to_o the_o east_n marit_fw-mi of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d marit_fw-mi west_n north_n and_o south_n for_o england_n as_o distinct_a from_o scotland_n be_v a_o peninsula_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o a_o isthmus_n of_o land_n and_o the_o northern_a sea._n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o to_o be_v infra_fw-la or_o intra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la maria_fw-la within_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v in_o construction_n of_o our_o law_n to_o be_v within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o to_o be_v extra_n quatuor_fw-la maria_n out_o of_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v equipollent_a to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v further_o note_v that_o not_o only_o he_o who_o be_v upon_o the_o land_n but_o he_o also_o who_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o our_o law_n say_v to_o be_v intra_fw-la mare_fw-la within_o the_o sea_n because_o he_o have_v sea_n still_o before_o he_o till_o he_o be_v arrive_v on_o the_o opposite_a shoar_n and_o then_o and_o not_o till_o then_o he_o be_v extra_n mare_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n or_o beyond_o it_o and_o when_o a_o englishman_n be_v upon_o the_o other_o shoar_n he_o be_v then_o within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o another_o prince_n and_o therefore_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n but_o whilst_o upon_o the_o sea_n he_o be_v within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o his_o own_o prince_n and_o therefore_o within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o england_n be_v not_o always_o take_v strict_o for_o the_o land_n of_o it_o in_o which_o sense_n the_o isle_n of_o jersey_n guernsey_n and_o mann_n be_v no_o part_n of_o england_n but_o sometime_o comprehensive_o for_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o it_o and_o in_o legal_a understanding_n he_o be_v within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n who_o be_v within_o the_o local_a ligeance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o use_n our_o law_n make_v of_o this_o technical_a phrase_n or_o artisicial_a form_n of_o speech_n intra_fw-la or_o extra_fw-la quatuor_n maria_n within_z or_o without_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v this_o partly_o to_o essoin_fw-fr or_o excuse_v man_n from_o appearance_n in_o court_n upon_o writ_n of_o summons_n for_o if_o it_o can_v true_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o party_n summon_v be_v oultre_n la_fw-fr mâ—â—_n beyond_o the_o sea_n this_o be_v accept_v as_o a_o good_a esloin_n to_o save_v his_o desault_n but_o principal_o to_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o regulate_v distance_n within_o which_o our_o law_n will_v admit_v of_o some_o presumption_n which_o beyond_o that_o distance_n it_o will_v not_o for_o example_n if_o a_o husband_n be_v within_o the_o four_o sea_n 399._o cok._n on_o lit._n sect._n 399._o and_o his_o wiâ—e_n have_v issue_n the_o law_n presume_v the_o issue_n legitimate_a and_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o proof_n to_o bastardize_v the_o child_n because_o within_o so_o little_a a_o distance_n man_n and_o wife_n may_v clandestine_o come_v together_o and_o none_o can_v safe_o swear_v they_o do_v not_o but_o if_o the_o husband_n be_v out_o of_o the_o sour_a sea_n the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 18._o edw._n 1._o a_o fine_a levy_v in_o the_o common_a bench_n conclude_v he_o who_o be_v within_o the_o sour_a sea_n if_o he_o put_v not_o in_o his_o claim_n within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n because_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o near_o enough_o to_o have_v timely_a notice_n of_o so_o solemn_a a_o act_n as_o a_o fine_a be_v and_o if_o he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v foreclose_v for_o want_n of_o a_o action_n or_o entry_n impute_v it_o to_o his_o own_o neglect_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 4._o hen._n 7._o cap._n 24._o the_o sorementioned_a term_n of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n be_v enlarge_v to_o five_o year_n and_o what_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n 1._o be_v say_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v in_o this_o of_o hen._n 7._o say_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n as_o equipollent_a phrase_n and_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n case_n c._n 〈◊〉_d rep._n 〈◊〉_d case_n and_o it_o a_o man_n be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n what_o day_n a_o fine_a be_v levy_v though_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d public_a act_n the_o law_n suppose_v he_o not_o to_o have_v sufficient_a notice_n of_o a_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o interpose_v a_o exception_n to_o the_o save_n of_o his_o right_n and_o this_o be_v all_o which_o our_o law-book_n mean_v when_o they_o say_v 439._o co._n on_o littâ—_n sect._n 439._o the_o sea_n of_o england_n be_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o in_o the_o place_n quote_v in_o the_o margin_n but_o whether_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o territorial_n property_n of_o it_o exclusive_o of_o all_o other_o kingdom_n and_o state_n that_o they_o meddle_v not_o with_o but_o to_o be_v within_o the_o sour_a sea_n and_o to_o be_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v as_o to_o some_o purpose_n in_o construction_n and_o intendment_n of_o our_o law_n one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n our_o law-book_n have_v many_o other_o phrase_n and_o expression_n of_o special_a use_n but_o yet_o do_v not_o reach_v the_o controvert_v point_n betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n as_o where_o it_o be_v say_v the_o sea_n be_v of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o parcel_n of_o his_o crown_n of_o england_n le_fw-fr mer_n est_fw-la del_fw-it liegeance_n del_fw-it rey_n &_o parcel_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr corone_n d'engleterre_fw-fr 439._o co._n 5._o rep._n sir_n hen._n corstable_n case_n 〈◊〉_d 108._o co._n on_o lattl_n sect_n 439._o and_o in_o another_o place_n it_o be_v say_v the_o sea_n of_o england_n be_v within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o to_o the_o king_n liegeance_n it_o stand_v thus_o in_o our_o law_n all_o native_n or_o natural-born_a subject_n or_o person_n bear_v within_o the_o king_n ligeance_n for_o these_o do_v tantamount_n wheresoever_o they_o be_v whether_o at_o sea_n or_o land_n in_o england_n or_o any_o foreign_a country_n quocunque_fw-la sub_fw-la axe_n they_o still_o owe_v a_o native_a or_o natural_a and_o inseparable_a faith_n and_o allegiance_n to_o their_o liege-lord_n the_o king._n whilst_o in_o england_n or_o upon_o the_o sea_n beside_o their_o natural_a ligeance_n they_o be_v within_o the_o local_a ligeance_n of_o their_o own_o sovereign_n an_o i_o under_o his_o immediate_a protection_n and_o defence_n but_o when_o within_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o foreign_a prince_n though_o as_o to_o person_n they_o still_o retain_v faith_n to_o their_o natural_a sovereign_n yet_o as_o to_o place_n they_o be_v out_o of_o his_o actual_a obedience_n and_o within_o the_o protection_n of_o another_o which_o draw_v subjection_n along_o with_o it_o and_o make_v they_o the_o temporary_a local_a subject_n of_o that_o other_o prince_n and_o as_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o english_a man_n abroad_o so_o be_v it_o of_o alien_n here_o in_o england_n a_o child_n bear_v at_o sea_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n or_o other_o english_a vessel_n navigate_v by_o english_a master_n and_o crew_n be_v a_o native_a if_o bear_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o any_o fort_n or_o town_n possess_v by_o a_o enemy_n it_o be_v bear_v out_o of_o the_o â—ing's_n ligeance_n and_o therefore_o a_o alien_n 6._o co._n 7._o pep_v 〈◊〉_d case_n foâ—_n 6._o but_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v the_o sea_n be_v within_o the_o liegeance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v extensive_o of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n that_o it_o reach_v to_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o land_n not_o exclusive_o of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o
equip_v for_o war_n over_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n whether_o any_o sovereign_a prince_n or_o state_n have_v occasion_n to_o enter_v upon_o any_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n with_o man_n of_o war_n either_o in_o entire_a fleet_n or_o as_o convoy_n to_o merchant_n have_v first_o ask_v leave_v so_o to_o do_v of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o the_o supreme_a lord_n of_o the_o territory_n i_o have_v often_o meet_v with_o a_o traditional_a story_n both_o in_o discourse_n and_o in_o print_a pamphlet_n that_o queen_n elizabeth_n have_v intelligence_n that_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n have_v a_o design_n to_o increase_v the_o naval_a strength_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o equip_v a_o considerable_a fleet_n of_o war_n not_o only_o for_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o for_o the_o sea_n also_o towards_o england_n she_o send_v to_o bid_v he_o desist_v from_o it_o that_o the_o queen_n may_v request_v he_o not_o to_o put_v out_o upon_o these_o sea_n with_o a_o unusual_a fleet_n as_o that_o which_o may_v occasion_v jealousy_n in_o her_o subject_n and_o oblige_v she_o to_o a_o extraordinary_a expense_n in_o arm_v proportionable_o and_o consequent_o tend_v to_o weaken_v the_o amity_n and_o good_a assurance_n betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n i_o say_v that_o she_o may_v do_v this_o for_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o she_o do_v it_o be_v neither_o moral_o impossible_a nor_o whole_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o practice_n among_o prince_n but_o that_o she_o do_v pro_fw-la jure_fw-la interdict_v and_o forbid_v he_o so_o do_v as_o a_o entrenchment_n and_o invasion_n of_o she_o right_o by_o enter_v with_o a_o arm_a force_n upon_o the_o territory_n of_o her_o crown_n without_o her_o leave_n for_o this_o i_o shall_v suspend_v my_o belief_n till_o better_a voucher_n be_v produce_v it_o be_v too_o common_a among_o man_n first_o to_o form_v their_o opinion_n and_o then_o to_o seek_v their_o proof_n and_o some_o rather_o than_o not_o find_v they_o will_v devise_v they_o there_o be_v another_o currant_n story_n of_o the_o same_o alloy_n that_o queen_n elizabeth_n seize_v in_o the_o bay_n of_o cascais_n in_o portugal_n sixty_o lade_v ship_n belong_v to_o the_o hans_n town_n of_o germany_n and_o afterward_o consiscate_v both_o ship_n and_o good_n for_o have_v presumptuous_o pass_v over_o her_o sea_n without_o first_o obtain_v her_o royal_a permission_n in_o this_o several_a mistake_v be_v complicate_v together_o one_o in_o law_n and_o two_o in_o fact._n that_o in_o law_n be_v this_o suppose_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o have_v be_v universal_o acknowledge_v as_o the_o queen_n undoubted_a right_n yet_o ought_v not_o the_o hanseaty_n who_o be_v friend_n and_o peaceable_a trader_n and_o pursue_v their_o lawful_a occasion_n to_o have_v be_v consiscate_v for_o not_o a_o king_n leave_v of_o passage_n over_o these_o sea_n have_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o in_o the_o case_n because_o they_o need_v not_o in_o law_n so_o to_o have_v do_v no_o more_o than_o a_o market-man_n need_v ask_v leave_n of_o the_o owner_n to_o pass_v his_o field_n over_o which_o the_o market_n path_n lie_v the_o two_o mistake_v in_o fact_n be_v these_o 1._o the_o say_v sixty_o sail_n of_o ship_n do_v not_o in_o fact_n pass_v the_o sea_n of_o england_n 95._o 〈…〉_o 15.9_o 〈…〉_o lib._n 95._o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v consiscate_v upon_o that_o account_n mr._n cambden_n our_o faithful_a annalist_n say_v express_o and_o so_o do_v thuanus_n too_o that_o they_o pass_v on_o the_o north_n of_o scotland_n by_o the_o occade_n hebrides_n and_o great_a western_a ocean_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o ireland_n a_o long_a and_o dangerous_a passage_n to_o avoid_v be_v intercept_v in_o the_o channel_n by_o the_o queen_n ship_n 2._o the_o sole_a reason_n why_o they_o be_v confiscate_v be_v this_o because_o they_o carry_v good_n of_o contrabanda_n prohibit_v good_n viz._n corn_n which_o at_o that_o time_n spain_n want_v and_o naval_a provision_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o enemy_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v prepare_v a_o new_a fleet_n for_o the_o invasion_n of_o england_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o disgrace_n he_o have_v receive_v the_o year_n before_o viz._n in_o 88_o and_o this_o they_o do_v contrary_a to_o the_o queen_n proclamation_n and_o monitory_a letter_n to_o the_o hans_n town_n whereby_o she_o forbid_v they_o to_o supply_v spain_n her_o declare_a enemy_n with_o such_o provision_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o forfeit_v ship_n and_o good_n thus_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o year_n 1652._o when_o by_o their_o interest_n and_o influence_n in_o the_o court_n of_o denmark_n they_o have_v cause_v a_o english_a fleet_n of_o above_o twenty_o merchant_n man_n lade_v with_o pitch_n tar_n flax_n hemp_n and_o other_o naval_a store_n to_o be_v arrest_v in_o the_o sound_n suppose_v that_o england_n with_o who_o they_o be_v then_o in_o war_n will_v be_v distress_v for_o want_n of_o sâ—â—n_n provision_n they_o publish_v a_o placart_n forbid_v all_o in_o general_a to_o import_n into_o england_n any_o the_o aforesaid_a material_n upon_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n thereof_o as_o be_v a_o relief_n to_o a_o enemy_n in_o thing_n they_o particular_o want_v for_o prosecute_a the_o war_n against_o they_o i_o inquire_v not_o here_o quo_fw-la jure_fw-la by_o what_o right_n the_o dutch_a do_v this_o and_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o free_a commerce_n of_o neutral_a nation_n but_o i_o only_a instance_n in_o the_o fact_n as_o parallel_v with_o what_o the_o queen_n do_v nay_o the_o state_n do_v far_o more_o than_o what_o the_o queen_n do_v come_v to_o for_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1599_o almost_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o their_o republic_n publish_v a_o placart_n forbid_v all_o nation_n any_o commerce_n with_o spain_n not_o in_o this_o or_o that_o prohibit_v commodity_n but_o in_o all_o good_n and_o merchandize_n whatsoever_o amstol_n grot._n host_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la belg._n lib._n 8._o pag._n 372._o edâ—t_fw-la amstol_n vetant_fw-la populos_fw-la quescunque_fw-la â—llos_fw-la commeatur_fw-la resve_fw-la alius_fw-la in_o hispaniam_fw-la far_o they_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o grotius_n in_o his_o belgic_a annal_n the_o eight_o book_n this_o by_o the_o way_n â—â—ly_o if_o we_o consult_v the_o public_a treaty_n which_o have_v be_v betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o sovereign_n concern_v sâ—â—ps_n of_o war_n pass_v these_o sea_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o 〈…〉_o have_v be_v as_o follow_v the_o usual_a covenant_n be_v 〈◊〉_d have_v be_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o either_o side_n may_v 〈◊〉_d come_v into_o the_o road_n havens_n and_o river_n each_o of_o other_o provide_v they_o be_v not_o in_o such_o number_n as_o may_v occasion_v suspicion_n and_o therefore_o the_o number_n be_v ascertain_v and_o not_o to_o be_v exceed_v unless_o to_o avoid_v imminent_a danger_n and_o in_o such_o case_n notice_n to_o be_v give_v thereof_o for_o example_n in_o the_o treaty_n conclude_v at_o madrid_n in_o the_o year_n 1630_o betwixt_o charles_n the_o first_o of_o england_n and_z philip_z the_o four_o of_o spain_n which_o treaty_n be_v but_o a_o renewal_a of_o the_o former_a make_v with_o king_n james_n in_o the_o year_n 1604_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 9th_o article_n agree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o have_v access_n unto_o each_o other_o port_n with_o ship_n of_o war_n whether_o they_o shall_v arrive_v there_o either_o by_o force_n of_o tempest_n or_o for_o necessary_a repair_v or_o for_o provision_n of_o victual_n so_o they_o exceed_v not_o eight_o when_o they_o come_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n nor_o stay_v long_o than_o they_o shall_v have_v cause_n and_o when_o any_o great_a number_n shall_v have_v occasion_n of_o access_n they_o not_o to_o enter_v the_o port_n without_o the_o privity_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o king._n this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o all_o the_o treaty_n and_o article_n like_v to_o this_o have_v be_v agree_v betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n and_o england_n and_o helland_n but_o they_o be_v always_o reciprocal_a and_o as_o their_o ship_n of_o war_n be_v restrain_v from_o access_n to_o the_o english_a port_n so_o be_v the_o english_a from_o access_n to_o they_o in_o equal_a manner_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o restraint_n be_v only_o from_o access_n to_o each_o other_o port_n but_o never_o any_o restraint_n of_o foreign_a ship_n of_o war_n from_o enter_v in_o what_o number_n they_o please_v the_o sea_n of_o england_n thus_o in_o the_o year_n 1639_o which_o be_v but_o nine_o year_n after_o the_o treaty_n aforemention_v at_o madrid_n a_o spanish_a fleet_n of_o above_o sixty_o sail_n equip_v for_o war_n enter_v the_o western_a channel_n without_o leave_n first_o ask_v bind_v for_o ostend_n to_o supply_v the_o spanish_a netherlands_o with_o man_n munition_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o pass_v the_o channel_n to_o the_o height_n of_o
even_o in_o reference_n to_o they_o a_o foreign_a king_n when_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o another_o nation_n approach_v his_o havens_n and_o come_v within_o reach_n of_o his_o castle_n will_v expect_v and_o just_o may_v that_o the_o comer_n shall_v salute_v he_o first_o the_o guest_n or_o stranger_n give_v the_o first_o salute_v to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n who_o thereupon_o re-salutes_a he_o and_o bid_v he_o welcome_a and_o what_o do_v this_o salutation_n signify_v be_v it_o by_o lower_a flag_n and_o topsail_n or_o by_o fire_v gun_n but_o that_o they_o be_v come_v arm_v before_o his_o door_n only_o as_o friend_n and_o without_o intention_n of_o do_v he_o hurt_v but_o the_o peculiarity_n on_o the_o part_n of_o england_n consist_v in_o this_o england_n be_v a_o island_n who_o frontier_n be_v the_o sea_n who_o fort_n and_o castle_n be_v the_o ship_n of_o the_o royal_a navy_n which_o bear_v analogy_n and_o proportion_n to_o the_o frontier_n town_n and_o fortify_v place_n of_o inland_a dominion_n and_o therefore_o when_o meet_v within_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n by_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o any_o other_o crown_v head_n these_o late_a ought_v not_o to_o approach_v the_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o england_n who_o be_v in_o their_o station_n upon_o their_o guard_n and_o duty_n with_o a_o flag_n aloft_o in_o a_o posture_n of_o challenge_n and_o desiance_n but_o do_v in_o their_o course_n and_o passage_n call_v to_o the_o guard-ship_n of_o england_n to_o tell_v they_o they_o be_v friend_n and_o what_o they_o can_v do_v by_o word_n at_o that_o distance_n they_o do_v by_o mute_a sign_n by_o strike_v their_o flag_n or_o topsail_n which_o in_o effect_n express_v those_o word_n and_o when_o they_o salute_v those_o guarder_n by_o discharge_v their_o gun_n it_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o tell_v they_o they_o be_v not_o charge_v against_o they_o and_o though_o they_o steer_v their_o course_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o a_o open_a island_n yet_o they_o design_v no_o hostility_n this_o be_v no_o diminution_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o any_o monarch_n how_o great_a soever_o and_o be_v the_o salutation_n thus_o state_v with_o crown_a head_n it_o will_v be_v less_o controvert_v and_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n lose_v nothing_o by_o it_o neither_o but_o if_o the_o dutch_a perform_v this_o ceremony_n as_o a_o respect_n to_o a_o crown_a head_n without_o relation_n to_o a_o sea_n sovereignty_n why_o not_o to_o france_n as_o well_o as_o england_n since_o they_o be_v equal_o crown_v head_n and_o one_o have_v one_o bank_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o the_o other_o have_v the_o other_o and_o what_o shall_v then_o become_v of_o the_o peculiar_a prerogative_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n this_o peculiarity_n on_o the_o part_n of_o england_n as_o a_o island_n who_o principal_a defence_n be_v at_o sea_n i_o have_v touch_v already_o but_o as_o to_o the_o dutch_a perform_v equal_a respect_n at_o sea_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n as_o to_o that_o of_o england_n i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o they_o will_v do_v it_o when_o require_v thereto_o and_o what_o remedy_n be_v there_o against_o it_o unless_o by_o contract_n for_o though_o i_o may_v not_o be_v cover_v when_o i_o will_v yet_o i_o may_v put_v off_o my_o hat_n and_o be_v uncovered_z when_z and_z to_o who_o i_o please_v the_o dutchâ—eer_n â—eer_z their_o course_n by_o the_o pole_n star_n of_o trade_n not_o by_o the_o punctilio_n of_o honour_n and_o be_v this_o construction_n put_v upon_o their_o strike_v their_o flag_n to_o the_o flag_n of_o england_n that_o it_o be_v a_o recognition_n of_o a_o sea-sovereignty_n they_o will_v do_v the_o same_o to_o france_n the_o rather_o and_o not_o as_o a_o thing_n impose_v but_o upon_o choiâ—e_n thereby_o to_o dispropriate_v and_o lay_v common_a what_o england_n will_v enclose_v as_o her_o property_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v a_o new_a thing_n for_o france_n to_o set_v up_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o flag_n and_o topsail_n 177._o leo_fw-la ab_fw-la aiâ—â—_n â—iâ—st_n p._n 177._o for_o it_o be_v express_o stipulate_v in_o the_o 12_o article_n of_o the_o league_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a make_v in_o the_o year_n 1635_o betwixt_o lewis_n the_o 13_o and_o the_o state_n general_n that_o upon_o occasion_n of_o any_o conjunction_n of_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a fleet_n the_o dutch_a admiral_n shall_v first_o salute_v the_o french_a with_o flag_n and_o topsail_n and_o fire_v his_o gun_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v practise_v towards_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n and_o henry_n the_o second_o 〈◊〉_d lud_n v._o 〈◊〉_d vin_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d ii_o tom._n 〈◊〉_d and_z henry_n the_o three_o of_o france_n do_v both_o of_o they_o publish_v their_o royal_a edict_n one_o in_o the_o year_n 1555_o the_o other_o in_o 1580_o command_v all_o foreign_a ship_n indefinite_o i_o suppose_v trader_n to_o lower_v their_o topsail_n to_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o france_n upon_o pain_n of_o seizure_n and_o confiscation_n and_o some_o hamburger_n be_v forcible_o take_v for_o not_o conform_v to_o those_o edict_n but_o may_v not_o the_o present_a french_a king_n say_v what_o caesar_n once_o do_v sylla_n fecit_fw-la non_fw-la ipse_fw-la faciam_fw-la do_v the_o two_o henrys_n do_v this_o in_o the_o faint_a time_n of_o their_o languish_a reign_n and_o shall_v not_o i_o do_v it_o who_o can_v cover_v with_o fleet_n of_o war_n the_o three_o sea_n which_o cover_v the_o coast_n of_o france_n i_o have_v read_v somewhere_o in_o the_o french_a memoires_n i_o think_v in_o those_o of_o the_o duke_n de_fw-fr sully_n that_o the_o whole_a naval_a strength_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o be_v about_o half_a a_o dozen_o ship_n of_o war_n such_o as_o they_o be_v at_o breast_n and_o rochel_n and_o about_o a_o score_n of_o galley_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o this_o last_o name_v great_a king_n dressed_z a_o new_a plan_n of_o the_o french_a monarchy_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o line_n of_o it_o large_a than_o before_o and_o though_o his_o great_a design_n be_v interrupt_v by_o at_o immature_n death_n and_o by_o the_o succeed_a minority_n of_o his_o son_n yet_o the_o great_a cardinal_n i_o mean_v richlieu_n resume_v it_o again_o he_o first_o teach_v france_n that_o the_o french_a flower-de-luce_n can_v grow_v at_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o land._n he_o deck_v and_o adorn_v the_o losty_a sterns_n of_o his_o new-built_a ship_n with_o this_o prophetic_a inscription_n florent_fw-la quoque_fw-la lilia_n ponto_n have_v do_v with_o the_o sea_n salutation_n i_o come_v to_o the_o four_o general_a head_n under_o which_o chap._n iu._n the_o whole_a matter_n of_o fact_n between_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o foreign_a prince_n and_o state_n in_o the_o several_a incident_n of_o sea-dominion_n be_v distinct_o examine_v and_o impartial_o report_a i_o be_o now_o upon_o a_o question_n of_o fact_n only_o how_o sar_n this_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n in_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v acknowledge_v as_o a_o right_n inherent_a in_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n by_o any_o of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n either_o express_o in_o public_a treaty_n and_o transaction_n of_o state_n or_o imply_o by_o a_o immemorial_n peaceable_a and_o uninterrupted_a possession_n common_o call_v prescription_n this_o i_o call_v the_o question_n of_o fact_n and_o distinguish_v it_o from_o that_o of_o right_o to_o which_o it_o be_v subsequent_a for_o a_o right_n to_o any_o thing_n in_o one_o be_v antecedent_n to_o the_o acknowledgement_n of_o it_o by_o another_o and_o though_o his_o non-acknowledgment_n may_v render_v it_o controvert_v yet_o it_o may_v be_v a_o just_a right_n and_o legal_a claim_n notwithstanding_o the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o meddle_v not_o with_o it_o stand_v as_o it_o do_v unmoveable_a like_a terminus_n in_o the_o capitol_n with_o a_o cedo_fw-la nulli_fw-la it_o give_v place_n to_o none_o but_o the_o enquiry_n be_v whether_o in_o fact_n it_o have_v be_v consent_v to_o by_o foreign_a nation_n by_o which_o test_n we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o discover_v whether_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v lose_v any_o thing_n in_o matter_n of_o sea-sovereignty_n which_o it_o former_o possess_v in_o order_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v distinct_o handle_v and_o examine_v the_o three_o great_a and_o inseparable_a incident_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n which_o i_o before_o name_v 1._o the_o exciusion_n of_o foreign_a man_n of_o war_n from_o pass_v upon_o any_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n without_o special_a licence_n for_o that_o purpose_n first_o obtain_v 2._o the_o sole_a marine_a jurisdiction_n within_o those_o sea_n 3._o the_o appropriate_a fishery_n i_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o and_o the_o enquiry_n be_v england_n of_o the_o passage_n of_o foreign_a ship_n