Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	baron_n	earl_n	viscount_n	2,923	5	11.7819	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A33630	The compleate copy-holder wherein is contained a learned discourse of the antiquity and nature of manors and copy-holds, vvith all things thereto incident, as surrenders, presentments, admittances, forfeitures, customes, &c. necessary both for the lord and tenant : together, with the forme of keeping a copy-hold court, and court baron / by Sir Edward Coke, Knight.; Complete copy-holder	Coke, Edward, Sir, 1552-1634.	1641 (1641)	Wing C4912; ESTC R1843	72,284	184

consonant_a to_o reason_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o think_v that_o in_o the_o ancient_a time_n a_o knight_n fee_n be_v measure_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o acre_n but_o in_o those_o day_n according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o alteration_n be_v that_o though_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o well_o as_o in_o these_o day_n some_o land_n be_v far_o more_o fruitful_a than_o other_o yet_o the_o value_n of_o every_o quantity_n of_o land_n be_v certain_o rate_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n and_o never_o upon_o any_o occasion_n be_v the_o land_n increase_v or_o decrease_v and_o therefore_o be_v they_o to_o examine_v whether_o any_o man_n have_v a_o sufficient_a live_n for_o a_o knight_n they_o will_v look_v no_o further_o than_o to_o the_o quantity_n of_o his_o land_n for_o by_o the_o quantity_n they_o can_v present_o judge_v the_o value_n but_o now_o the_o value_n be_v not_o certain_o rate_v in_o any_o place_n but_o increase_v and_o decrease_v upon_o every_o occasion_n and_o therefore_o reason_n require_v that_o in_o these_o day_n a_o knight_n fee_n shall_v be_v measure_v according_a to_o the_o value_n not_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o land_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o different_a value_n of_o the_o land_n one_o man_n may_v be_v better_a able_a to_o maintain_v the_o dignity_n of_o a_o knight_n with_o two_o hundred_o acre_n in_o some_o place_n and_o of_o some_o land_n than_o another_o with_o four_o hundred_o acre_n of_o other_o land_n but_o howsoever_o it_o be_v whether_o a_o knight_n fee_fw-mi be_v rate_v according_a to_o the_o value_n or_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n let_v it_o here_o rest_n now_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o examine_v at_o what_o time_n and_o by_o what_o law_n it_o be_v first_o provide_v that_o for_o every_o knight_n fee_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o knight_n revenue_n shall_v be_v pay_v in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o relief_n viz._n 5._o li._n for_o every_o baron_n fee_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o baron_n revenue_n viz._n one_o hundred_o mark_n for_o every_o earl_n fee_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o earl_n revenue_n viz._n one_o hundred_o pound_n sure_o relief_n be_v pay_v in_o this_o manner_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 9_o glan_n will_v lib_n 9_o cap_n 9_o and_o that_o be_v somewhat_o pregnant_a by_o this_o that_o by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o that_o statute_n this_o relief_n be_v term_v antiquum_fw-la relevium_fw-la and_o by_o glanvil_n who_o write_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n this_o be_v some_o what_o manifest_a for_o he_o speak_v to_o this_o effect_n dicitur_fw-la rationabile_fw-la relevium_fw-la alicujus_fw-la juxta_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la unius_fw-la militis_fw-la centum_fw-la solidos_fw-la de_fw-fr soccagio_fw-it vero_fw-la quantum_fw-la valet_fw-la census_fw-la illius_fw-la soccagii_fw-la per_fw-la annum_fw-la de_fw-la boronia_n vero_fw-la nihil_fw-la certum_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la juxta_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la &_o misricordiam_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la solent_fw-la baroniae_fw-la capital_a de_fw-fr relevis_fw-la suis_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la satisfacere_fw-la from_o whence_o i_o gather_v that_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v in_o part_n a_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o part_n a_o institution_n of_o a_o new_a law_n touch_v relief_n pay_v by_o knight_n it_o be_v but_o a_o affirmance_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o they_o be_v certain_a before_o the_o statute_n touch_v relief_n pay_v by_o baron_n it_o be_v a_o institution_n of_o a_o new_a law_n because_o they_o be_v before_o uncertain_a and_o the_o reason_n why_o duke_n and_o viscount_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o this_o statute_n as_o well_o as_o earl_n baron_n and_o knight_n be_v this_o because_o when_o that_o statute_n be_v make_v there_o be_v neither_o duke_n marquesse_n or_o viscount_n in_o england_n the_o first_o duke_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o england_n sithence_o the_o conquest_n be_v the_o black_a prince_n elder_a son_n to_o ed._n the_o 3._o the_o first_o marquesse_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o england_n be_v robert_n earl_n of_o oxford_n create_v by_o r._n 2._o and_o the_o first_o viscount_n that_o ever_o be_v in_o england_n dominus_fw-la de_fw-la bello_fw-la monte_fw-fr create_v by_o h._n 6._o but_o though_o at_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n these_o dignity_n be_v unknown_a yet_o they_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o equity_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o according_a to_o their_o several_a dignity_n shall_v pay_v relief_n unto_o the_o king_n a_o duke_n two_o hundred_o li._n a_o marquesse_n two_o hundred_o mark_n and_o so_o ratable_o and_o proportionable_o but_o to_o conclude_v let_v we_o compare_v herriot_n and_o relief_n together_o and_o observe_v in_o what_o they_o differ_v 1._o they_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o a_o herriot_n lie_v in_o prender_n and_o a_o relief_n in_o render_v 2._o in_o this_o that_o a_o herriot_n be_v pay_v in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o tenant_n decease_v but_o a_o relief_n in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o heir_n who_o be_v become_v tenant_n 3._o in_o this_o that_o heriot_n be_v pay_v by_o copyholder_n as_o well_o as_o freeholder_n but_o relief_n by_o freeholder_n only_o 4._o in_o this_o that_o herriot_n be_v ever_o due_a upon_o a_o special_a reservation_n or_o upon_o some_o particular_a custom_n but_o relief_n be_v incident_a to_o the_o fee_n and_o be_v due_a without_o reservation_n or_o custom_n contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o vincentinus_fw-la who_o hold_v a_o relief_n extrinsecam_fw-la fore_fw-la praestationem_fw-la &_o non_fw-la in_o esse_fw-la feodo_fw-la thus_o much_o touch_v relief_n a_o word_n touch_v amerciament_n sec_n xxvi_o amerciament_n be_v a_o pecuniary_a punishment_n for_o any_o offence_n commit_v against_o the_o lord_n of_o any_o manor_n or_o as_o some_o more_o at_o large_a define_v it_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n impose_v upon_o the_o tenant_n by_o the_o steward_n by_o oath_n and_o presentment_n of_o the_o homage_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o any_o by_o law_n make_v either_o for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o little_a commonwealth_n among_o themselves_o or_o for_o default_n of_o do_v suit_n or_o for_o other_o misdemeanour_n punishable_a by_o the_o same_o court_n infinite_a in_o number_n and_o quality_n and_o this_o word_n amerciament_n take_v his_o name_n from_o be_v in_o the_o lord_n mercy_n to_o be_v punish_v more_o or_o less_o at_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o it_o differ_v from_o a_o fine_a in_o divers_a respect_n in_o that_o whosoever_o be_v fine_v may_v lawful_o be_v imprison_v but_o whosoever_o be_v a_o mercy_v not_o 2._o in_o this_o that_o amerciament_n be_v incident_a unto_o court_n baron_n as_o well_o as_o unto_o court_n leet_n and_o fine_n be_v never_o incident_a to_o any_o court_n baron_n but_o to_o court_v leet_n only_o or_o other_o count_n it_o be_v of_o record_n 3._o that_o amerciament_n be_v incident_a unto_o every_o manor_n whatsoever_o but_o fynes_n be_v incident_a unto_o some_o few_o manor_n only_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v partly_o ground_v upon_o the_o former_a difference_n for_o sithence_o amerciament_n be_v incident_a unto_o every_o court_n baron_n and_o court_n baron_n be_v incident_a unto_o every_o manor_n sequitur_fw-la ex_fw-la consequente_a that_o unto_o every_o manor_n amerciament_n be_v incident_a but_o ex_fw-la adverso_fw-la fines_n be_v incident_a unto_o court_n leet_n only_o and_o those_o court_n leet_n be_v in_o some_o few_o manor_n only_o not_o in_o every_o manor_n express_o sequitur_n that_o fine_n be_v not_o incident_a unto_o every_o manor_n but_o unto_o some_o few_o manor_n only_o 4._o in_o this_o that_o amerciament_n be_v afferable_a per_fw-la pares_fw-la per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la prob●rum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la viceneto_fw-la qui_fw-la secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la delicti_fw-la majori_fw-la vel_fw-la minori_fw-la amerciamento_fw-la delinquent_a mulctare_fw-la possunt_fw-la but_o fine_n be_v never_o afferable_a in_o this_o kind_n for_o look_v what_o fine_a soever_o the_o court_n impose_v upon_o the_o delinquent_n that_o bind_v sufficient_o without_o further_a afferance_n give_v i_o but_o leave_v to_o ask_v two_o question_n when_o have_v this_o afferance_n his_o first_o conception_n or_o creation_n 2._o how_o may_v amerciament_n in_o court_n leet_n be_v discern_v and_o distinguish_v from_o fine_n impose_v in_o the_o same_o court_n since_o they_o be_v both_o pecuniary_a punishment_n for_o offence_n commit_v touch_v the_o first_o question_n i_o think_v this_o law_n of_o afferance_n be_v before_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 11._o glanv_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 11._o for_o glanvile_n thus_o speak_v of_o it_o est_fw-la autem_fw-la misericordia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la quo_fw-la quis_fw-la per_fw-la juramentum_fw-la legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la viceneto_fw-la eatenus_fw-la amerciandus_fw-la est_fw-la ne_fw-la

manor_n decay_v and_o die_v for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o two_o material_a cause_n of_o a_o manor_n but_o the_o efficient_a cause_n knit_v and_o unite_n together_o those_o two_o materialll_v cause_n that_o make_v a_o manor_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n himself_o can_v create_v a_o perfect_a manor_n at_o this_o day_n for_o such_o thing_n as_o receive_v their_o perfection_n by_o the_o continuance_n of_o time_n come_v not_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o king_n prerogative_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n can_v grant_v freehold_a to_o hold_v by_o copy_n neither_o can_v the_o king_n create_v any_o new_a custom_n nor_o do_v any_o thing_n that_o amount_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a custom_n and_o therefore_o a_o composition_n make_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o tenant_n where_o he_o have_v herriot_n custom_n to_o pay_v 10._o li._n in_o levie_n thereof_o every_o time_n it_o fall_v be_v no_o bind_v composition_n for_o this_o amount_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a custom_n et_fw-la haec_fw-la omne_fw-la &_o similia_fw-la sunt_fw-la temporum_fw-la non_fw-la regum_fw-la seu_fw-la principum_fw-la opera_fw-la which_o full_o verifi_v the_o old_a say_n plus_fw-fr valet_fw-la vulgaris_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la quam_fw-la regalis_fw-la concessio_fw-la this_o be_v the_o sole_a cause_n why_o the_o king_n can_v create_v a_o perfect_a manor_n at_o this_o day_n and_o this_o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n why_o a_o common_a person_n can_v create_v a_o perfect_a manor_n but_o not_o the_o sole_a cause_n for_o there_o be_v this_o cause_n far_o a_o perfect_a manor_n can_v subsist_v without_o a_o perfect_a tenure_n between_o very_a lord_n and_o very_a tenant_n but_o a_o common_a person_n can_v create_v a_o perfect_a tenure_n and_o consequent_o can_v create_v a_o perfect_a manor_n before_o the_o stat._n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la if_o any_o tenant_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n simple_a have_v enfeoff_v a_o stranger_n he_o may_v have_v reserve_v what_o service_n he_o think_v fit_a or_o have_v he_o reserve_v no_o service_n yet_o the_o law_n will_v have_v employ_v a_o perfect_a tenure_n between_o the_o feoffor_a and_o the_o feoffee_n for_o the_o feoffee_n be_v to_o hold_v off_o the_o feoffor_a by_o the_o same_o service_n that_o the_o feoffor_a hold_v over_o on_o his_o lord_n paramount_n but_o since_o this_o statute_n if_o a_o tenant_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n infeoff_v a_o stranger_n neither_o by_o the_o express_a reservation_n of_o the_o feoffor_a nor_o by_o the_o employ_v reservation_n of_o the_o law_n can_v there_o be_v a_o perfect_a tenure_n create_v at_o this_o day_n between_o the_o feoffor_a and_o the_o feoffee_n for_o the_o feoffee_n shall_v hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o lord_n paramount_n not_o of_o the_o feoffor_a and_o further_o as_o the_o king_n can_v do_v nothing_o which_o amount_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a custom_n so_o a_o common_a person_n can_v do_v nothing_o which_o amount_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a tenure_n and_o therefore_o if_o there_o be_v lord_n and_o tenant_n by_o 10._o s._n rent_n and_o the_o lord_n will_v confirm_v the_o estate_n of_o a_o tenant_n tenend_n by_o a_o hawk_n a_o pair_n of_o gild_a spur_n a_o rose_n or_o similia_fw-la this_o be_v a_o void_a confirmation_n otherwise_o have_v it_o be_v if_o the_o lord_n have_v confirm_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o tenant_n tenendum_fw-la per_fw-la 5._o s._n that_o have_v be_v a_o good_a confirmation_n because_o it_o tend_v only_o to_o the_o abridgement_n of_o a_o old_a tenure_n and_o not_o to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o confirmation_n so_o it_o be_v with_o a_o composition_n upon_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n purchase_v foreign_a land_n lie_v without_o the_o precinct_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o manor_n he_o can_v annex_v this_o unto_o the_o manor_n though_o the_o tenant_n be_v willing_a to_o do_v their_o service_n for_o this_o amount_v to_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o new_a tenure_n which_o can_v be_v effect_v at_o this_o day_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n have_v two_o manor_n and_o the_o lord_n will_v willing_o have_v the_o tenant_n of_o both_o these_o manor_n to_o do_v their_o suit_n and_o service_n to_o one_o court_n this_o be_v but_o lose_a labour_n in_o the_o lord_n to_o practice_v any_o such_o union_n for_o notwithstanding_o this_o union_n they_o will_v be_v still_o two_o in_o nature_n howsoever_o the_o lord_n covet_v to_o make_v they_o one_o in_o name_n and_o the_o one_o manor_n have_v no_o warrant_n to_o call_v the_o tenant_n to_o the_o other_o manor_n but_o every_o act_n do_v in_o the_o one_o to_o punish_v the_o offender_n in_o the_o other_o be_v traversable_a yet_o if_o the_o tenant_n will_v voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o to_o such_o a_o innovation_n and_o the_o same_o be_v continue_v without_o contradiction_n time_n may_v make_v this_o union_n perfect_a and_o of_o two_o distinct_a manor_n in_o nature_n make_v one_o in_o name_n and_o use_v and_o such_o manor_n peradventure_o there_o be_v thus_o unite_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o tenant_n and_o continuance_n of_o time_n but_o the_o lord_n power_n of_o itself_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o make_v any_o such_o union_n causa_fw-la qua_fw-la supra_fw-la but_o if_o one_o manor_n hold_v of_o another_o by_o way_n of_o escheat_n these_o two_o manor_n may_v be_v unite_v together_o fortior_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la dispos●tio_fw-la legis_fw-la quam_fw-la hominis_fw-la but_o in_o this_o that_o i_o exclude_v common_a person_n from_o be_v able_a to_o create_v a_o tenure_n i_o may_v seem_v to_o impugn_v many_o authority_n which_o hold_v at_o this_o day_n that_o a_o tenure_n may_v be_v create_v by_o a_o common_a person_n for_o to_o clear_v this_o colour_n of_o contradiction_n know_v that_o tenor_n be_v two_o fold_n first_o imperfect_a as_o where_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n or_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n here_o be_v a_o imperfect_a tenure_n between_o the_o lesso●_n and_o the_o lessee_n the_o donor_n and_o the_o donee_n and_o this_o imperfect_a tenure_n i_o confess_v may_v be_v create_v by_o a_o common_a person_n at_o this_o day_n second_o perfect_a between_o very_a lord_n and_o very_a tenant_n in_o fee_n and_o such_o a_o tenure_n a_o common_a person_n can_v never_o create_v since_o the_o stat._n of_o quia_fw-la emptores_fw-la terrarum_fw-la and_o consequent_o a_o common_a person_n can_v create_v a_o perfect_a manor_n sithence_o for_o without_o a_o perfect_a tenure_n a_o perfect_a manor_n can_v subsist_v thus_o much_o touch_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o manor_n thus_o much_o i_o say_v touch_v the_o two_o material_a cause_n together_o with_o the_o efficient_a cause_n a_o word_n of_o another_o cause_n of_o a_o manor_n which_o appear_v not_o in_o the_o definition_n so_o manifest_o as_o the_o other_o cause_n do_v this_o be_v a_o cause_n which_o among_o the_o logician_n be_v term_v causa_fw-la sine_fw-la qua_fw-la non_fw-la and_o that_o be_v a_o court_n baron_fw-fr for_o indeed_o that_o be_v the_o chief_a prop_n and_o pillar_n of_o a_o manor_n which_o no_o soon_o fail_v but_o the_o manor_n fall_v to_o ground_n if_o we_o labour_v to_o search_v out_o the_o antiquity_n of_o these_o court_n baron_n we_o shall_v find_v they_o as_o ancient_a as_o manor_n themselves_o for_o when_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o this_o realm_n who_o have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demesne_n do_v confer_v great_a quantity_n of_o land_n upon_o some_o great_a personage_n 43._o vide_fw-la lamb_n in_o his_o explication_n of_o saxon_a word_n verbo_fw-la thanus_n bacon_n in_o his_o element_n of_o the_o law_n fol._n 41._o 42._o 43._o with_o liberty_n to_o parcel_n the_o land_n out_o to_o other_o inferior_a tenant_n reserve_v such_o duty_n and_o service_n as_o they_o think_v convenient_a and_o to_o keep_v court_n where_o they_o may_v redress_v misdemeanour_n within_o their_o precinct_n punish_v offence_n commit_v by_o their_o tenant_n and_o decide_v and_o debate_v controversy_n arise_v within_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o their_o court_n be_v term_v court_n baron_n because_o in_o ancient_a time_n such_o personage_n be_v call_v baron_n and_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o sit_v in_o the_o upper_a house_n but_o when_o time_n have_v wrought_v such_o a_o alteration_n that_o manor_n fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o mean_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v far_o unworthy_a of_o so_o high_a a_o call_n than_o it_o grow_v to_o a_o custom_n that_o none_o but_o such_o as_o the_o king_n will_v shall_v come_v to_o the_o parliament_n such_o as_o the_o king_n for_o their_o extraordinary_a wisdom_n or_o quality_n think_v good_a to_o call_v by_o writ_n which_o write_v run_v hac_fw-la vice_fw-la tan●um_fw-la yet_o though_o lord_n of_o manor_n lose_v their_o name_n of_o baron_n and_o