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england_n army_n king_n return_v 3,399 5 6.9372 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A87129 Aphorisms political. By James Harrington. Harrington, James, 1611-1677. 1659 (1659) Wing H804; Thomason E995_8; ESTC R202590 4,480 11

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aphorism_n political_a by_o james_n harrington_n london_n print_v by_o j._n c._n for_o henry_n fletcher_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o three_o gild_a cup_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n aphorism_n political_a i._o obsequium_fw-la amicos_fw-la veritas_fw-la odium_fw-la parit_fw-la the_o error_n and_o suffering_n of_o the_o people_n be_v from_o their_o governor_n ii_o when_o the_o foundation_n of_o a_o government_n come_v to_o be_v change_v and_o the_o governor_n change_v not_o the_o superstructure_n according_o the_o people_n become_v miserable_a iii_o the_o monarchy_n of_o england_n be_v not_o a_o government_n by_o arm_n but_o a_o government_n by_o law_n though_o imperfect_a or_o ineffectual_a law_n iv_o the_o latter_a government_n in_o england_n have_v be_v government_n by_o arms._n v._o the_o people_n can_v see_v but_o they_o can_v feel_v vi_o the_o people_n have_v feel_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o government_n by_o law_n and_o a_o government_n by_o arm_n will_v always_o desire_v the_o government_n by_o law_n and_o abhor_v that_o of_o arms._n vii_o where_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o people_n be_v impatient_a of_o a_o government_n by_o arm_n and_o desirous_a of_o a_o government_n by_o law_n there_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o unfit_a to_o be_v trust_v with_o their_o liberty_n viii_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n not_o trust_v with_o their_o liberty_n drive_v at_o the_o restitution_n of_o monarchy_n by_o blood_n and_o violence_n ix_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n trust_v with_o their_o liberty_n if_o the_o form_n be_v sufficient_a can_v never_o restore_v monarchy_n and_o if_o the_o form_n be_v insufficient_a will_v restore_v it_o without_o blood_n or_o violence_n x._o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o form_n wherein_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o people_n may_v be_v trust_v with_o their_o liberty_n amount_v to_o a_o well-ordered_a commonwealth_n or_o democracy_n xi_o where_o there_o be_v a_o well-ordered_a commonwealth_n the_o people_n be_v general_o satisfy_v xii_o where_o the_o people_n be_v general_o dissatisfy_v there_o be_v no_o commonwealth_n xiii_o the_o party_n in_o england_n declare_v for_o a_o commonwealth_n hold_v every_o one_o of_o they_o something_o that_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o commonwealth_n fourteen_o to_o hold_v that_o the_o government_n may_v be_v manage_v by_o a_o few_o or_o by_o a_o party_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o commonwealth_n xv._o to_o hold_v that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o national_a religion_n or_o ministry_n without_o public_a endowment_n and_o inspection_n of_o the_o magistracy_n or_o any_o government_n without_o a_o national_a religion_n or_o ministry_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o commonwealth_n xvi_o to_o hold_v that_o there_o may_v be_v liberty_n and_o not_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o have_v the_o liberty_n of_o her_o own_o conscience_n or_o that_o be_v not_o popish_a xvii_o either_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n can_v have_v no_o security_n at_o all_o or_o under_o popular_a government_n must_v have_v the_o great_a security_n xviii_o to_o hold_v that_o a_o government_n may_v be_v introduce_v by_o a_o little_a at_o once_o be_v to_o wave_v prudence_n and_o commit_v thing_n unto_o chance_n xix_o to_o hold_v that_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n in_o the_o formation_n of_o a_o house_n or_o of_o a_o government_n go_v not_o universal_o upon_o natural_a principle_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o scripture_n xx._n to_o hold_v that_o the_o wisdom_n of_o man_n in_o the_o formation_n of_o a_o house_n or_o of_o government_n may_v go_v upon_o supernatural_a principle_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o come_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o break_v of_o jest_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v god_n ordain_v the_o temple_n therefore_o it_o be_v not_o build_v by_o mason_n he_o ordain_v the_o snuffer_n therefore_o they_o be_v not_o make_v by_o a_o smith_n xxi_o to_o hold_v that_o hireling_n or_o a_o endow_v ministry_n aught_o to_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o church_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o a_o commonwealth_n xxii_o nature_n be_v of_o god_n xxiii_o some_o part_n in_o every_o religion_n be_v natural_a xxiv_o a_o universal_a effect_n demonstrate_v a_o universal_a cause_n xxv_o a_o universal_a cause_n be_v not_o so_o much_o natural_a as_o it_o be_v nature_n itself_o xxvi_o every_o man_n either_o unto_o his_o terror_n or_o consolation_n have_v some_o sense_n of_o religion_n xxvii_o man_n may_v rather_o be_v define_v a_o religious_a than_o a_o rational_a creature_n in_o regard_n that_o in_o other_o creature_n there_o be_v something_o of_o reason_n but_o nothing_o of_o religion_n xxviii_o government_n be_v of_o humane_a prudence_n and_o humane_a prudence_n be_v adequate_a unto_o man_n nature_n xxix_o the_o prudence_n or_o government_n that_o be_v regardless_o of_o religion_n be_v not_o adequate_v nor_o satisfactory_a unto_o man_n nature_n xxx_o where_o the_o government_n be_v not_o adequate_a or_o satisfactory_a unto_o man_n nature_n it_o can_v never_o be_v quiet_a or_o perfect_a xxxi_o the_o major_a part_n of_o mankind_n give_v itself_o up_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o religion_n unto_o the_o public_a lead_n xxxii_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o public_a lead_n there_o must_v be_v a_o national_a religion_n xxxiii_o where_o the_o minor_a part_n take_v away_o the_o national_a religion_n there_o the_o major_a part_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n by_o the_o minor_a xxxiv_o where_o the_o major_a part_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n by_o the_o minor_a there_o they_o will_v deprive_v the_o minor_a of_o that_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n which_o they_o may_v otherwise_o enjoy_v xxxv_o in_o israel_n there_o be_v a_o endow_v clergy_n or_o priesthood_n and_o a_o national_a religion_n under_o inspection_n of_o the_o magistrate_n whence_o the_o christian_n in_o apostolic_a time_n defray_v their_o own_o ministry_n can_v have_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n whereas_o if_o the_o christian_n by_o go_v about_o to_o take_v away_o tithe_n and_o abolish_v the_o national_a religion_n have_v endeavour_v to_o violate_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o unconverted_a jew_n these_o be_v far_o great_a in_o number_n must_v needs_o have_v take_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n from_o the_o christian_n xxxvi_o paul_n in_o athens_n can_v free_o and_o undisturbed_o convert_v dionysius_n and_o other_o therefore_o in_o athens_n there_o be_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n but_o if_o paul_n and_o he_o convert_v have_v go_v about_o to_o drive_v hireling_n or_o a_o endow_v priesthood_n or_o clergy_n our_o of_o that_o church_n who_o see_v not_o that_o the_o athenian_n will_v have_v drive_v paul_n and_o his_o convert_v out_o of_o athens_n xxxvii_o that_o there_o may_v be_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n there_o must_v be_v a_o national_a religion_n xxxviii_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o national_a religion_n there_o must_v be_v a_o endow_v clergy_n thirty-nine_o till_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v first_o frame_v how_o such_o a_o commonwealth_n shall_v make_v a_o effectual_a union_n with_o another_o nation_n be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v see_v xxxx_n the_o union_n with_o scotland_n as_o it_o be_v vulgar_o discourse_v of_o be_v destructive_a both_o to_o the_o hope_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n in_o england_n and_o of_o liberty_n in_o scotland_n xli_o the_o union_n vulgar_o speak_v of_o be_v by_o unite_n deputy_n of_o divers_a commonwealth_n or_o nation_n in_o the_o same_o stand_a council_n xlii_o if_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n receive_v deputy_n from_o scotland_n in_o a_o great_a number_n than_o that_o of_o her_o own_o she_o recei_v law_n from_o a_o foreign_a interest_n and_o so_o lose_v she_o own_o liberty_n xliii_o if_o scotland_n be_v receive_v in_o a_o equal_a number_n it_o obstruct_v the_o freedom_n of_o both_o or_o occasion_v war_n or_o dissension_n xliv_o if_o scotland_n be_v receive_v in_o a_o inferior_a number_n she_o receive_v law_n from_o england_n and_o so_o lose_v her_o liberty_n xlv_o where_o country_n be_v divers_a in_o their_o law_n and_o yet_o be_v to_o receive_v law_n one_o from_o the_o other_o neither_o the_o commonwealth_n give_v law_n know_v what_o to_o give_v nor_o the_o commonwealth_n receive_v law_n understand_v what_o she_o receive_v in_o which_o case_n the_o union_n return_v unto_o force_n or_o confusion_n xlvi_o the_o best_a way_n of_o hold_v a_o nation_n different_a or_o not_o different_a in_o law_n be_v by_o way_n of_o province_n xlvii_o a_o province_n especial_o if_o she_o have_v strong_a hold_n may_v by_o defray_v of_o a_o small_a guard_n be_v keep_v unto_o a_o just_a league_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n enjoy_v she_o own_o law_n her_o own_o government_n and_o her_o perfect_a liberty_n other_o way_n of_o union_n will_v be_v find_v more_o chargeable_a and_o less_o effectual_a on_o both_o side_n for_o if_o england_n have_v no_o army_n in_o scotland_n scotland_n will_v receive_v no_o
law_n from_o england_n and_o if_o england_n have_v a_o army_n there_o her_o hold_n consist_v not_o in_o the_o union_n but_o in_o the_o force_n xlviii_o if_o a_o country_n be_v very_o small_a and_o not_o able_a to_o subsist_v of_o itself_o as_o wales_n it_o may_v be_v safe_o unite_v and_o hold_v but_o the_o advantage_n that_o wales_n have_v in_o participation_n of_o all_o magistracy_n and_o office_n be_v not_o that_o which_o england_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v unto_o such_o a_o country_n as_o scotland_n without_o subject_v her_o neck_n under_o the_o yoke_n xlix_o the_o order_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n require_v that_o it_o consist_v first_o of_o a_o civil_a second_o of_o a_o religious_a three_o of_o a_o military_a and_o fourthly_a of_o a_o provincial_a part._n the_o manner_n of_o unite_n province_n or_o different_a nation_n appertain_v unto_o the_o last_o part_n and_o in_o the_o formation_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o begin_v with_o that_o first_o which_o be_v natural_o last_v be_v to_o invert_v the_o order_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o commonwealth_n which_o indeed_o be_v nothing_o but_o order_n l._n where_o there_o can_v be_v any_o other_o government_n there_o can_v be_v no_o commonwealth_n li._n where_o there_o can_v be_v a_o commonwealth_n what_o tumult_n soever_o there_o happen_v and_o which_o soever_o prevail_v there_o can_v be_v no_o other_o government_n that_o be_v to_o say_v without_o foreign_a invasion_n which_o throughout_o i_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o except_v lxii_o if_o sir_n george_n booth_n have_v prevail_v he_o must_v either_o have_v introduce_v a_o commonwealth_n or_o have_v restore_v a_o king_n liii_o if_o a_o king_n be_v restore_v he_o must_v either_o govern_v by_o a_o army_n or_o by_o parliament_n liv._o a_o king_n govern_v now_o in_o england_n by_o a_o army_n will_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n find_v the_o same_o effect_n with_o the_o late_a protector_n lv._o a_o king_n govern_v now_o in_o england_n by_o parliament_n will_v find_v the_o nobility_n of_o no_o effect_n at_o all_o lvi_o a_o parliament_n where_o the_o nobility_n be_v of_o no_o effect_n at_o all_o be_v a_o mere_a popular_a council_n lvii_o a_o mere_a popular_a council_n will_v never_o receive_v law_n from_o a_o king_n xviii_o a_o mere_a popular_a council_n give_v law_n unto_o a_o king_n become_v thereby_o a_o democracy_n or_o equal_a commonwealth_n or_o the_o difference_n be_v no_o great_a than_o in_o the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o form_n lix_n a_o commonwealth_n or_o democracy_n to_o be_v perfect_a in_o the_o form_n must_v consist_v especial_o of_o such_o a_o assembly_n the_o result_n whereof_o can_v go_v upon_o no_o interest_n whatsoever_o but_o that_o only_a which_o be_v the_o common_a interest_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n lx._n a_o assembly_n consist_v of_o a_o few_o may_v go_v upon_o the_o interest_n of_o one_o man_n as_o a_o king_n or_o upon_o the_o interest_n of_o one_o party_n as_o that_o of_o divine_n lawyer_n and_o the_o like_a or_o the_o interest_n of_o themselves_o and_o the_o perpetuation_n of_o their_o government_n lxi_o the_o popular_a assembly_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n may_v consist_v of_o too_o few_o but_o can_v never_o consist_v of_o too_o many_o lxii_o if_o the_o popular_a assembly_n consist_v of_o so_o few_o and_o so_o eminent_a person_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o any_o orderly_a debate_n it_o be_v good_a for_o nothing_o but_o to_o destroy_v the_o commonwealth_n lxiii_o if_o the_o popular_a assembly_n consist_v of_o so_o many_o and_o for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o so_o mean_a person_n as_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o debate_n there_o must_v be_v a_o senate_n to_o help_v this_o defect_n lxiv_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o senate_n be_v that_o a_o popular_a assembly_n right_o constitute_v be_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o prudent_a debate_n lxv_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o popular_a assembly_n be_v that_o a_o senate_n right_o constitute_v for_o debate_n must_v consist_v of_o so_o few_o and_o eminent_a person_n that_o if_o they_o have_v the_o result_v too_o they_o will_v not_o resolve_v according_a unto_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n but_o according_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o themselves_o lxvi_o the_o senate_n and_o the_o popular_a assembly_n be_v once_o right_o constitute_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v constitute_v itself_o lxvii_o the_o venetian_n have_v slay_v divers_a of_o their_o duke_n for_o their_o tyranny_n and_o be_v assemble_v by_o such_o number_n in_o their_o great_a council_n as_o be_v natural_o incapable_a of_o debate_n pitch_v upon_o thirty_o gentleman_n who_o be_v call_v pregati_fw-la in_o that_o they_o be_v pray_v to_o go_v apart_o and_o debate_v upon_o the_o exigence_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o propose_v as_o they_o think_v good_a unto_o the_o great_a council_n and_o from_o thence_o first_o arise_v the_o senate_n of_o venice_n to_o this_o day_n call_v the_o pregati_fw-la and_o the_o great_a council_n that_o be_v the_o senate_n and_o the_o popular_a assembly_n of_o venice_n and_o from_o these_o two_o arise_v all_o those_o admirable_a order_n of_o that_o com-wealth_n lxviii_o the_o popular_a assembly_n of_o venice_n at_o this_o day_n consist_v of_o about_o two_o thousand_o the_o popular_a assembly_n in_o the_o province_n only_o of_o holland_n consist_v of_o about_o five_o hundred_o by_o which_o i_o guess_v that_o in_o all_o the_o unite_a province_n they_o may_v amount_v unto_o about_o three_o thousand_o in_o switz_n they_o come_v unto_o a_o far_o great_a number_n and_o all_o or_o the_o most_o of_o these_o be_v perpetual_o extant_a lxix_o if_o a_o popular_a assembly_n consist_v of_o eleven_o hundred_o or_o a_o thousand_o may_v be_v so_o frame_v in_o england_n as_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o preserve_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o people_n such_o a_o assembly_n of_o so_o few_o in_o a_o territory_n of_o so_o large_a a_o extent_n will_v be_v altogether_o new_a in_o the_o world_n and_o without_o any_o example_n lxx_o that_o a_o people_n of_o themselves_o shall_v have_v such_o understanding_n as_o when_o they_o of_o venice_n do_v institute_v their_o pregati_fw-la or_o senate_n be_v rare_a lxxi_o that_o a_o senate_n or_o council_n of_o governor_n have_v supreme_a power_n shall_v institute_v a_o popular_a assembly_n and_o propose_v to_o it_o though_o in_o all_o reason_n it_o be_v the_o far_o more_o facile_a and_o practicable_a be_v that_o which_o be_v rare_a lxxii_o where_o such_o election_n be_v propose_v unto_o the_o people_n as_o be_v make_v according_o must_v needs_o produce_v a_o well-ordered_a commonwealth_n and_o the_o people_n who_o never_o stick_v at_o such_o work_n elect_v according_o there_o not_o the_o proposer_n of_o any_o power_n in_o they_o but_o the_o people_n by_o their_o peculiar_a and_o natural_a right_n and_o power_n do_v institute_n and_o ordain_v their_o whole_a commonwealth_n lxxiii_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n be_v all_o assembly_n be_v natural_o void_a of_o invention_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o invent_v any_o perfect_a model_n or_o method_n of_o government_n lxxiv_o the_o wise_a assembly_n through_o this_o necessity_n have_v in_o the_o formation_n or_o reformation_n of_o their_o government_n still_o pitch_v upon_o some_o one_o man_n lxxv_o it_o be_v not_o below_o the_o dignity_n of_o any_o assembly_n but_o according_a unto_o the_o practice_n of_o a_o good_a commonwealth_n to_o admit_v of_o any_o man_n that_o be_v able_a to_o propose_v to_o they_o lxxvi_o one_o man_n reason_n be_v as_o another_o man_n judgement_n yet_o be_v it_o in_o art_n to_o say_v thing_n which_o will_v do_v themselves_o at_o least_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n to_o appeal_v unto_o event_n and_o so_o do_v i_o in_o these_o aphorism_n aug._n 25._o 1659._o finis_fw-la