Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	archbishop_n	canterbury_n	york_n	2,592	5	9.7933	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64308	An introduction to the history of England by Sir William Temple, Baronet.	Temple, William, Sir, 1628-1699.	1695 (1695)	Wing T638; ESTC R14678	83,602	334

English Nobles residing in Scotland and Intelligence with others discontented in England married the Lady Margaret eldest Sister of Edgar and thereby became newly engaged in the Interests and Family of this noble but unfortunate Prince The Fame of this Adventure was no sooner divulged in England than it raised a great though different Motion in the Minds of all Men there who were either well or ill affected to the new King filling one Party with new Hopes ' and the other with new Fears and reasonably enough in both from all common Appearances Many Persons of great Note and Authority in England repaired immediately upon it into Scotland some by easie Passages out of the Northern Counties and others out of the remoter Parts of the Realm by more difficult Escapes either by Sea or Land Among these were the Earls Edwin Morchar Hereward Seward Gospatrick Men of great Estates and Power as was believed in England with many other Nobles and Gentlemen But that which seemed yet of greater Influence and Authority was the Repair of Stigand Archbishop of Canterbury and Alred of York with divers other Bishops and Prelates who having been the chief Instruments in making Way for the easie Accession of Duke William to the Crown and for the general Submission of the English to his Reign were presumed now likely to prove of as great Moment and Importance for the Restoration and Support of a just English Title in Edgar as they had been for the Admission and Establishment of one disputed and forreign of the Norman Dukes Besides the Clergy being accounted the wise and learned Men of that Age were esteemed most likely to judge best of the Rights and best to foresee the Events in Disputes of the Crown and unlikely to embark themselves in a Bottom unsound upon either the Regards of Justice or Success Edgar exalted with such a Concourse of Nobles out of England and the Hopes they gave him of a greater from the People there when he should appear among them resolved to lay claim to that Crown and with stronger Arguments than those of a bare Title or Right of Succession how just soever For the Scotch King had now assisted him with a great Army being induced to engage openly in his Quarrel not only by the Charms of his Wife or Compassion of her Brothers hard Fortune but by Reasons of State as well as of Justice and Affection he feared the dangerous Neighbourhood of so powerful aspiring and fortunate a Prince and apprehended his Ambition would not cease with the Conquest of England but extend it to that of Scotland too and reducing the whole Island of Britain under one Dominion for which it seemed by Nature to have been framed he thought it both wise and necessary to give some Stop to this growing Power before it became too well setled at home and thereby prepared for new Enterprises abroad and that it was better carrying a War into England than expecting it in Scotland He was glad of so fair an Occasion to justifie his Quarrel and by advancing the Fortunes of Edgar to secure his own he had taken Measures with Swayn King of Denmark to enter the Humber with a powerful Navy whilst he with his Army entred the Northern Provinces by Land and with the Sons of Harold at the same Time to invade the West by the Assistance of Forces to be furnished by Drone King of Ireland to whom they had fled upon the Norman Victory He presumed upon great Insurrections among the English in Favour of Edgar and by the Authority of the Nobles his Associates who had represented the common Discontents in England to be as great as their own These Hopes were not ill grounded nor the Designs ill laid for the Danish Fleet was ready to sail and the Sons of Harold with their Irish Forces landed and raised a Commotion in the West at the same Time that Edgar with those out of Scotland invaded the North where he found at first no Opposition but instead of Enemies met with many Friends prepared to receive him and increase his Strength He made himself Master of Northumberland Cumberland and the Bishoprick of Durham by the Defeat of Robert Count of Mortain who was there slain with seven hundred Normans From thence he marched without Resistance as far as York which was defended by a strong Garrison of Norman Soldiers He besieged this City the Capital and Defence of all the Northern Counties and assaulted it with that Fury that he carried the Town by Storm where all the Normans were put to the Sword by the Rage and Revenge of the English Nobles in his Army many in the Heat of the Assault and the rest after they were entred and found no more Resistance After this Success Edgar remained some time at York to refresh his Army after so long a March and so warm an Action which had cost him the Lives of many brave Men and the Wounds of many more Besides he expected here to see his Army soon increased by the Repair of many Friends and Discontents out of the Southern Provinces of England and by the Arrival of the Danish Fleet in the Humber according to the Concert before agreed and for which he knew all had been prepared King William thus surrounded with Dangers from the West and North and with Jealousies of his new Subjects of whose Affections he had yet made no Trial further than some few Years Submission to his Government was yet undaunted at the News of all these Attempts nor any ways distracted by such various either Dangers or Fears He applied himself to those which were nearest by sending the Forces he had ready immediately into the West under experienced Commanders and prepared a greater Army both of English and Normans to march himself into the North after the Commotions in the West should be appeased This happened to be easier and sooner than he expected for the Attempt of Harold's Sons with their Irish Forces proved weak and faint though successful in the first Encounter wherein Ednoth a brave Commander on the King's side was slain with several of his Followers but the Sons of Harold being defeated in a second Engagement and failing of any considerable Recourse or Insurrection of the English there upon which they had grounded their chief Hopes much disappointed and thereby discouraged were easily broken by the brave Norman Troops and forced to return with the Remainder of their Irish Forces into Ireland King William upon the happy End of this Adventure after the best Orders taken for the Security of the Southern Parts in his Absence marched at the Head of a brave Army in the North engaged the Forces of Edgar in a set Battel and by the Valour of his Troops the Discipline and Order of his Army and his own excellent Conduct defeated entirely the united Strength of his Enemies sieged and took again the City of York defended by Waltheof Son to the Earl Syward a young Gentleman of great Valour and

much admired in this Action being said to have stood firm at a Breach made in the Wall and with his Sword to have cut of the Heads of many Normans as they pressed to enter and could do it but one by one by the Narrowness of the Breach so bravely defended After this Defeat and the Surrender of York Edgar retired into Scotland with those of his Dependants who were most desperate and impatient of the Norman Conquest The rest of the English Nobles who had escaped the Battel submitted themselves to the King and came in upon publick Faith took a new Oath of Allegiance and were thereupon all pardoned and many restored not only to their Estates but to Favour with the King who had found Erick the Forrester that had first rebelled against him after his Coronation express great Fidelity after his Pardon obtained and perform good Service in this Northern Expedition He made Gospatrick Earl of Northumberland and employed him against the Dangers and Incursions he apprehended from the Scotch He was so charmed with the Valour and Constancy that Waltheof had shewed in the Defence of York though so much to his Cost and the Loss of so many Normans by his Sword that he resolved to gain him at what Rate soever he valued himself showing the Nobleness of his own Courage and Virtue by loving and honouring them in his Enemies He married this young Gentleman to Iudith his Niece gave him great Possessions besides those to which he was Heir and used him with much Confidence which was for some time returned with Service and with Faith Most of the other Nobles that came in upon Pardon of their Lives he despoiled of their Estates and Offices and bestowed them upon his Norman Friends and Followers some he kept Prisoners whom he thought most dangerous as the Archbishops of Canterbury and York and Edwin a Man of the greatest Power and Dependences whose Earldom and great Possessions in Yorkshire were given to Alain Earl of Britain as were those of several others at the same time to others of his Kindred or Friends In the room of Stigand he made Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury an Italian born but an Abbot in Normandy a Person of great Wisdom and Temper as well as Learning Thomas his Chaplain he made Archbishop of York and obtained the Approbation of the Pope for their Succession in those Sees during the Lives of the other two upon Representation of other Crimes or at least Vices besides their Rebellion against a King whose Title had been confirmed by the Pope as well as encouraged 'T is not agreed at what Time the Danish Fleet arrived upon the Coasts but 't is certain they entered Humber with about two hundred Sail some write that they returned again without making any Attempt upon the Shore that their Commanders were enriched with great presents from the King and their Soldiers supplied with Provisions and all treated rather like Friends than Enemies whether their Arrival out of Time made them despair of any Success and whether that were occasioned by cross Winds at Sea or cross Purposes in the Danish Court is not well known For William the Conqueror after he was seated in the Throne feared no Insult from abroad but by Danish Powers and Pretensions they had still upon England and the Preparations as was divulged abroad of Swain their King for invading it with a Navy of a thousand Ships Hereupon he endeavoured to ward this Blow by slight rather than Force thinking his Safety on that side better purchased with Treasure than with Blood He practised private Intelligences in the Danish Court and by Force of Presents and Pensions gained to his Devotion some Persons of Credit and among the rest Adelbert Archbishop of Hamburg a Man of great Authority in those Parts and whose Advices were much used and esteemed by the Danish King It was believed the Artifices and Practices of these Men eluded the first great Design of a mighty Invasion changed it into an Assistance of the discontented here with smaller Forces delayed them till the Time was past and disposed their Commanders to return without Action and their Master to receive their Excuses with Approbation or at least with Impunity Yet there are other Writers who say the Danes landed in England made great Spoils joyned Prince Edgar's Forces wintered in this Kingdom and returned in the Spring by the King 's private Practices and Rewards among the Commanders as well as Bounty to the Soldiers The King after having established his Affairs in the North returned triumphant to London where the first Action he performed was to take a new personal Oath before Lanfranc the new Archbishop and all the Lords then present in that City to observe the ancient Laws of the Realm established by the Kings of England his Predecessors and particularly those of Edward the Confessor This Action of the Kings was the more applauded and the better accepted by the English because it was unconstrained by any Necessity of his Affairs or Appearance of any new Dangers against which he might have Reason to provide And 't is certain his Oath taken at his Coronation of preserving the ancient Laws of the Realm had been the chief Occasion of his Safety in the late and dangerous Convulsion of the State together with the ill chosen Time of the Scotch Invasion and the Revolt of the Lords in Favour of Edgar For if such Attempts had been made soon after the Conquest while the Minds of the People were generally in Motion and in Fear of what might succeed to the Danger of their Properties and their ancient Liberties upon that new Revolution his Throne had not been only shaken but in evident Danger of being overthrown by such a violent Concussion But the People having lived quietly some Years under the Protection of their ancient Laws and in an equal Course of known and common Justice grew indifferent to the Change which had been made in the Rights or Succession of the Crown or to any new one that might succeed Besides though they were well affected to Edgar yet they disliked the Company with which he came attended and hated the Entrance of a Scotch Army into England more than they loved Edgar They thought if he succeeded the Dominion would fall under the Scotch whilst he only retained the Name and if they must be governed by Strangers the best was to have those they were already used to and so feared least The common Subjects of a Kingdom are not so apt to trouble themselves about the Rights and Possession of a Crown as about their own and seldom engage in the Quarrels of the first but upon some general and strong Apprehensions that the last are in Danger So the Discontents and Insurrections of the Nobles in England though encouraged and supported by forreign Forces yet failed of Success against this new King and his Government because they were not followed by any general Commotion or Sublevation of the People