and are sensible of the favourable effects which have since been produced However the universal joy which was so evidently to be seen in all their countenances did not hinder but that it was thought fitting for the better satisfaction of the generality and of all men in particular to publish the causes the grounds and reasons of the dissolving of the Parliament which was accordingly ordered by the General and by his Councel consisting of the chief Officers of the Army and was manifested accordingly in a Declaration whereof the following are the chief Heads That after God was pleased marvellously to appear for his people in reducing Ireland and Scotland to so great a degree of peace and England to perfect quiet whereby the Parliament had opportunity to give the people the harvest of all their Labour Blood and Treasure and to settle a due liberty in reference to Civil and Spiritual things whereunto they were obliged by their duty engagements and those great and wonderful things God had wrought for them But they made so little progress that it was matter of much grief to the good people of the Land who thereupon applied themselves to the Army expecting redress by their means who though unwilling to meddle with the Civil Authority agreed that such Officers as were members of Parliament should move them to proceed vigorously in reforming what was amiss in the Common-wealth and in settling it upon a Foundation of Justice and Righteousness which being done it was hoped the Parliament would have answered their expectations But finding the contrary they renewed their desires by an humble Petition in August 1652. which produced no considerable effect nor was any such progress made therein as might imploy their real intentions to accomplish what was petitioned for but rather in aversness to the things themselves with much bitterness and aversion to the people of God and his Spirit acting in them insomuch that the Godly party in the Army were rendred of no other use then to countenance the ends of a corrupt party for effecting their desires in perpetuating themselves in the supreme Government For the obviating of these evils the Officers of the Army obtained several meetings with some of the Parliament to consider what remedy might be applied to prevent the same but such endeavours proving ineffectual it became evident that the Parliament through the corruption of some the jealousie of others and the non-attendance of many would never answer those ends which God his People and the whole Nation expected from them But that this Cause which God had so greatly blessed must need languish under their hands and by degrees be lost and the Lives Liberties and Comforts of his people be delivered into their Enemies hands all which being sadly and seriously considered by the honest people of the Nation as well as by the Army it seemed a duty incumbent upon us who had seen so much of the power and presence of God to consider of some 〈◊〉 means whereby to establish Righteousness and Peace in these Nations And after much debate it was judged necessary That the supreme Government should be by the Parliament devolved upon known persons fearing God and of approved integrity for a time as the most hopeful way to countenance all Gods people reforme the Law and administer Justice impartially hoping thereby the people might forget Monarchy and understand their true interest in the election of successive Parliaments that so the Goverment might be settled upon a Right Basis without hazard to this glorious Cause or necessitating to keep up Armies for the defence of the same And being still resolved to use all means possible to avoid extraordinary courses we prevailed with about twenty Members of Parliament to give us a Conference with whom we plainly debated the necessity and justness of our proposals the which found no acceptance but instead thereof it was offered that the way was to continue still this Parliament as being that from which we probably might expect all good things This being vehemently insisted on did much confirme us in our apprehensions that any love to a Representative but the making use thereof to recrute and so to perpetuate themselves was their aim in the Act they had then under consideration For preventing the consumating whereof and all the sad and evil consequences which upon the grounds aforesaid must have ensued and whereby at one blow the interest of all honest men and of this glorious cause had been endangered to be laid in the dust and these Nations embroiled in new troubles at a time when our Enemies abroad are watching all advantages against and some of them actually engaged in War with us we have been necessitated though with much repugnancy to put an end to this Parliament This Declaration and these proceedings of his late Highness then General and of his Councel of Officers of the Army were backed by the consent of the Generals at Sea and by all the Captains of the Fleet and in like manner by all the other Generals and Officers of the Land forces both in Scotland Ireland and the other Territories But least the Magistrates and other publick Ministers of Justice and Policy suprized at this suddain change should chance to swerve from their duties or that other persons should thereby take occasion to foment disturbances prejudicial to the Common-wealth this ensuing Declaration was published Whereas the Parliament being dissolved persons of approved fidelity and honesty are according to the late Declaration of the two and twentieth of April last past to be called from the several parts of this Common-wealth to the supreme authority and although effectual proceedings are and have been had for perfecting those resolutions yet some convenient time being required for the assembling of those persons It hath been found necessary for preventing the mischiefs and inconveniencies which may arise in the mean while to the publick Affairs that a Council of State be constituted to take care of and intend the peace safety and present management of the Affairs of this Common-wealth which being settled accordingly the same is hereby declared and published to the end that all persons may take notice thereof and in their several places and stations demean themselves peaceably giving obedience to the Laws of the Nation as heretofore in the exercise and administration whereof as endeavours shall be used That no oppression or wrong be done to the people so a strict accompt will be required of all such as shall do any thing to endanger the publick peace and quiet upon any presence whatsoever Dated April the thirtieth 1653. subscribed Oliver Cromwel These domestick revolutions did in a manner put a new life into the Dutch again who thought that they would cause some eminent distractions and disturbances as well on the Seas as by Land But they were very much deceived for the Maratine Affairs of these Lands on which either the good or bad fortune of England depended were carryed on with
have since enjoyed in the heart of their Dominions and the Victories and Conquests which they may yet atchieve by this happy Union if their victorious and gallant Prince doth continue to accompany his Valour with those Vertues which are onely capable not onely to give him addition of Crowns but also to preserve them And lest I might insensibly out-slip my chief intent and purpose and engage my self in the giving of you a Relation of the chiefest and most important Wars and Transactions of all Europe should I recount unto you all the glorious Actions which have hapned since the Breach between England and Spain in which our late Protector bare away all the share at Sea and a very great part also by Land as in our joynt Conquests in Flanders and our particular ones in Lorain I shall therefore contract my pen a little and onely give you a Breviate of the chiefest Actions remitting the Reader to the more ample Histories both of France and England to peruse the Relation of those Victories wherewith Heaven hath blessed this Alliance for these late Years past In which the mature deliberations and good Councels do more concern his late Highness then the execution of those gallant Attempts which proceeded from them although in truth both the one and the other may well be attributed to his great prudence and to those Blessings which it hath pleased the Almighty to shower down upon his admirable good fortune of which take some few Instances It is apparent to all the world in what a manner his late Highness provided for the preservation of Jamaica notwithstanding all the force and attempts of Spain and the Indies to free that Island again although they never yet did set foot thereon save to their own shame and confusion having been driven thence again with the loss of all their Cannon and Baggage and the which happened two several times when as the Spaniards assembling all their Forces in the Indies came and encamped themselves in the Island with two or three thousand men had the time and opportunity to build and erect Forts and for the space of some dayes to settle themselves Notwithstanding which the English as if they were but newly arrived from England to attempt a new Conquest of the Island were constrained to imbark themselves and put to Sea again the wayes being not passable by Land and in that wise compassing the whole Island they made their descent at the very place where the Enemies were encamped and assailed them in their Forts and Breast-works with a far less number of men then theirs and drave the Spaniards quite from them and out of the Island killing and taking several of their men and retaining several of their great Guns and stately Standards as Trophies of their Victory Nor shall I enlarge upon that glorious Victory obtained by General Mountegue over the Spaniards at Sea which was the first that made this entrance into that famous War and gave the Spaniards to understand that it would cost them far more to transport their Gold from the Indies to Spain then to dig it out of the Mines or to refine it The ensuing Poem penned by one of the most exquisite Wits of England upon that subject may better suffice to satisfie the Reader of the gloriousness of the Fact and the shaming Stile which it is described by is more proper to express this Heroick Action then my low and unpolished Prose which might haply obscure and detract from the lustre and splendor of so brave an Exploit wherefore I have thought fit to insert the Poem it self Upon the present War with Spain and the first Victory obtained at Sea Now for some Ages had the pride of Spain Made the Sun shine on half the World in vain While she bid War to all that durst supply The place of those her Cruelty made dye Of Nature's Bounty men forbare totaste And the best Portion of the Earth lay waste From the New World her Silver and her Gold Came like a Tempest to confound the Old Feeding with these the brib'd Elector's Hopes She made at pleasure Emperors and Popes VVith these advancing her unjust Designs Europe was shaken with her Indian Mines VVhen our Protector looking with disdain Vpon this gilded Majesty of Spain And knowing well that Empire must decline Whose chief support and sinews are of Coyn Our Nation 's sollid vertue did oppose To the rich Troublers of the World's repose And now some moneths encamping on the Main Our Naval Army had besieged Spain They that the whole Worlds Monarchy design'd Are to their Ports by our bold Fleet confin'd From whence our Red Cross they triumphant see Riding without a Rival on the Sea Others may use the Ocean as their road Onely the English make it their abode Whose ready Sails with every Winde can flie And make a covenant with th'unconstant Skie Our Oaks secure as if they there took root We tread on Billows with a steady foot Mean while the Spaniards in America Near to the Line the Sun approaching saw And hop'd their European Coasts to find Clear'd from our ships by the Autumnal Winde Their huge capacious Gallions stuft with Plate The laboring winds drives slowly towards their fate Before Saint Lucar they their Guns discharge To tell their Joy or to invite a Barge This heard some Ships of ours though out of view As swift as Eagles to the quarry flew So heedless Lambs which for their mothers bleat Wake hungry Lions and become their meat Arriv'd they soon begin that Tragick play And with their smoakie Cannon banish day Night horror slaughter with confusion meets And in their sable Arms imbrace the Fleets Through yielding Planks the angry Bullets fly And of one Wound hundreds together dye Born under different Stars one Fate they have The Ship their Coffin and the Sea their Grave Bold were the men which on the Ocean first Spread their new Sails whilst shipwrack was the worst More danger now from men alone we find Then from the Rocks the Billows or the Wind. They that had sail'd from near th' Anartick Pole Their Treasure safe and all their Vessels whole In sight of their dear Countrey ruin'd be Without the guilt of either Rock or Sea What they would spare our fiercer Art destroyes Excelling storms in terror and in noise Once Jove from Hyda did both Hoasts survey And when he pleas'd to Thunder part the Fray Here Heaven in vain that kinde Retreat should sound The louder Canon had the thunder drown'd Some we made Prize while others burnt rent With their rich Lading to the bottom went Down sinks at once so Fortune with us sports The Pay of Armies and the Pride of Courts Vain man whose rage buries as low that store As Avarice had digg'd for it before What Earth in her dark bowels could not keep From greedy hands lies safer in the Deep Where Thetis kindly doth from mortals hide Those seeds of Luxury Debate and Pride
The Most excellent Oliver Cromwell Lord Gen ll of Greate Brittay Chancellor of the Vniversity of Oxford L d Cheife Gover r of Ireland ☜ Claude lib de laud Stil Similem Quae protulit Aelus Consilio vel Marle VIRUM THE HISTORY OF THE Life and Death Of His most Serene Highness O LIVER Late Lord Protector Wherein from his Cradle to his Tomb are impartially transmitted to Posterity the most weighty Transactions Forreign or Domestique that have happened in his Time either in Matters of Law Proceedings in Parliaments or other Affairs in Church or State By S. Carrington Pax quaeritur Bello London Printed for Nath. Brook at the Sign of the Angel in Cornhill 1659. FUIMUS The Right honble Charles Viscount Bruce of Ampthill â—en â— Heir Apparent of Thomas Earl of â—â—â—â—bury Baron Bruce of Whorleton To His most SERENE HIGHNESS RICHARD Lord PROTECTOR OF THE Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions and Territories thereunto belonging May it please Your Highness AS nothing can be presented to the Potentates of the World of greater value then the Labours of Famous Historiographers who describe to the life the Examples of such Eminent Personages as were transcendent in preceding Ages and may in their Successours beget both Emulation and Experience so shall I not need to apprehend that this History which in all humility I present unto Your Highness will prove unacceptable since therein You may encounter with such a Model of all kinde of Vertues and Perfections as I hope may take a deeper impression in Your Highnesses Breast in regard that it will be found that Art herein is seconded by Nature And whereas I am under the lash of a severe Castigation for my presumption in profering this History to Your Review as I acknowledge when I seriously consider how You have attracted to Your Self that lively Pourtraiture of his Great Soul that You appear the true Embleme both of his Vertues and Majesty May it please Your most Serene Highness I cannot chuse but address this present Oblation as to Your Self so in other Languages to the rest of the Princes and Potentates of the Earth I bequeath it unto posterity very humbly craving the favourable Protection of Your Highnesses Patronage Nor durst I publish so glorious a Work to the World before I had craved Your Highnesses pardon for my Rashness in adventuring to trace those Vigorous Lineaments in the Alexander whom Your Highness so well resembleth and in whom your Highness beareth so great a part Moreover as a sole Apelles could onely be capable of so great an Enterprize so it will be altogether unnecessary for me to endeavour the Description of that Pourtraiture which so evidently is manifested to all the World both in Your Highnesses Person and Actions Wherefore my Lord I must needs confess that Your Highness is the true Original and mine onely relating to the Out-side of so Great and unalterable an Albionist The truth is I finde not in my self ability to express the Real Worth of His Accomplishments and Hardy Features accompanied with that Vivacity and Lustre which secret Mystery lyeth onely in the Hand of that great Master of Nature and Extant in that very Personage whose Simile is hardly this Day to be found in the whole Vniverse except in Your Inimitable Self Nor doth Art or Humane frailty allow so much to be in the Possession of the best men Therefore those who go about to Pourtraict such like Incomparable Personages cannot avoid one of those extremities which Painters run into when they go about to represent the Sun who either place themselves at so great a distance as that they can onely discover an ineffications and feeble Reflections of its Beams or approach so neer unto it as that being dazled with its Resplendency and overcome with its Heat they are bereaved of their Senses and retain onely their Hearts at liberty to adore and admire that powerful Hand which formed so glorious a Creature To the like Non plus am I reduced who rashly ascend to the very summit of the Throne of Honour thence to contemplate his late Highness Person surrounded by so glorious a Resplendency as no eyes are able to behold nor to be comprehended by the mindes of men so that I must needs sink under the burthen and content my self with the Poets Expression Inopem me copia fecit In which extasie all my Senses being surprized my Heart is onely left free to admire and my Tongue to plead Excuses and offer up good Wishes which I most humbly Dedicate and Devote unto Your most Serene Highness Nor could the Heavens have ever established a more fitting Personage to bear a share in or inclination unto this Work then Your Highness as well as to defend it from Envy it self And if so be History be a second Life Your Highness may judge by the black Attempts which threatned Your Glorious Father how this Work will be assailed and how many Enemies its Authour must resolve to enter into the Lists withall their Rage being thereby renewed and augmented by their perceiving that the Tomb hath onely bereaved us of the least part of this Great Heroe And how malicious soever their Envy may appear in such Stories which possibly may be written in Contradiction hereof it will onely publish from Truth it self to the World their inveterate Spleen which can never pierce through the bright Rayes of his Innocent and Glorious Actions Moreover whereas the Divine Providence hath so often and miraculously preserved the first life of his late Highness against the Attempts both of men and monsters Your most Serene Highness is also engaged as well by Imitation as by the Interest of Your Care and Royal Dignity to watch over the Preservation of his second Life which is in Your Highness by so Lawful a Succession as is devolved upon Your Self The Glorious Course whereof I resolve to trace from this very moment that I may the better publish the Illustrious Transactions thereof in five other Languages which during my Travels I have acquired In which also I intend to publish this present History the French being already perfected and fit for the Press His great Soul expecting proportionable Honours to its Dignity and his vaste Minde requiring number less Elegies which may remain as so many living Monuments not to be defaced by Times Violence nor Envy But I press this Subject too home to Your Highness since You bear so great a share therein and my self dare attribute so little of it to my own incapacity of compassing so great an undertaking Wherefore I shall onely hereby endeavour to attract others and to shew them the Borders and Coast of that vaste Sea into which they ought to lanch so that like to a Forelorn Hope I shall onely first mount the Breach and by diverse Languages animate all the Trumpets of Fame to Celebrate the Glory of his late Highness in those parts of the World where I have conversed for
the space of sixteen or eighteen years past Hoping for the future to write the Heroick Actions of this Nation in unexpugnable Characters to leave unto Posterity as an eye witness the Rehearsal of those Victories which Heaven shall bestow on England under Your Glorious Government that so I may the better satisfie my Zeal and Fidelity to Your Highness and approve my self to be Your Highnesses most Humble most Obedient most Faithful Servant and Loyal Subject S. Carrington The Preface Courteous Reader THat which I do here intend to present you with all is the Life and Death of Oliver Cromwel late Lord Protector of the Common-wealth of England that Grand Personage whose Conduct and Fortune all the world doth admire and who in the space of ten years time did accomplish the work of a whole Age nay more he perfected the work of future Ages having settled England on such good Foundations that if she continues to build thereon she may expect to produce second Edwards and second Henries This Illustrious Personages life is presented unto you in three several Scenes First you will finde him Dormant like unto David midst his Flocks untill the Troubles of his Countrey awake him And that the Almighty was pleased to call upon him to appease them as well as to en crease his glory you may reflect upon the course and progress of his valour by which being elevated almost to the sublimest pitch of his Grandeur he was left to act more absolutely according to his own prudence and was enforced to lay hands on the Reins of the most confused State that ever was Where you will finde his late Highness demeaning himself like unto a well resolved skillful Pilot in a Vessel tossed and tumbled by a tempest bestirring himself amidst the contrariest of Winds and wisely and dexterously avoiding those Rocks Shelves and Quicksands which threatned England with a second Shipwrack This his sage conduct being the more to be admired in that as then he had but a limited Power although the whole was due to his dexterity and prudence yet each one thought they had as great a share as himself in the Sovereign Power which as they supposed they had acquired by the Pen or the Sword either in the Army or in the Parliament so that all this great Politician could as then do was to reconcile those several Opinions then in agitation and to suffer himself to be swayed by the current of those windes and streams which he was neither willing nor well able to withstand at that time Now as there is nothing more dangerous in States then great and sudden changes so nothing more difficult to be managed and this being the Master-piece which a Politician hath to act this ensuing History will discover unto us the chief and several Motions Turnings Windings and Settling of the same His late Highness like unto an expert Physician was first put to read the Temperment of England her former way and manner of actings before the Current of her Humors and the Symptomes of all the Evils and Malignities which threatned her He likewise reflected on the Body Politick which he found as well as the Humane had its Replenishments and Evacuations and Crisis and then observed that as well in the one as the other those sudedn changes which happen are either Destructive or Salutary He observed that these Bodies nourished Choller as well as other Humors and thence deemed War to be the best Rubarb to purge them least otherwise they might evacuate of themselves Moreover he observed these Humors were subject to grow sharp and to rebell and that they oftentimes caused such violent and hot fits as that without the assistance of an expert and accomplished Physician death was like to ensue or which is worst most violent languishing and intollerable diseases So that the thing which is most to be admired at in the conduct of this grand Politician is that he could governe a People and procure a perfect Union and Tranquillity amidst three Nations whose mindes were agitated by several Opinions and whereby they are continually stirred against each other no motion transporting men more impetuously towards civil Dissentions then those which arise from the several Professions in Religion For besides the chief Religions profest in these three Nations viz. that of Geneva the Protestant the Episcopal and some Roman Catholicks there are sprung up throughout all England an infinite number of other Sectaries which like unto so many Hidra's did seem to issue forth from each others neck and whereby the mindes of men were so discomposed and hurried away into such violent Enthusiasmes as they stood in need of a good Guide to conduct and refrain them from a total precipitation And as it would be a difficult task to give you the several Denominations Derivations and Off-springs of all these several Schismaticks I shall therefore pass them by as being numberless Wherefore if we acknowledge as it is most assuredly true that Religion is the chief principal part which doth most of all contribute to the well ordering quiet and peaceable settling and Governing of a People we may easily judge that his late Highness the Lord Protector stood in need of more then ordinary Sagacity Prudence and Conduct to procure that Tranquillity Plenty and Splendour to England wherein he left it and the which without example is hardly to be found in all the other parts of Europe But to come nearer home to my own enterprize the Life of an Historian is the Life of History and his truth the most proper Preface to it Thus much I can safely write for my self that I have entertained no design beyond Truth as I have not made this History subservient either to Flattery or Interest I question not but the prejudice of some may go about to detect but I am so confident of my own integrity as to believe no person can forme a truer Relation of the late disturbed Affairs of these Nations I acknowledge where Originals have failed me and must do others I have conformed to Copies but of so near extraction as that they are but once removed from their Fountain I being so truly acquainted my knowledge so strongly established to trace this History as to discerne how to write so also for the credit of my laborious Industry I can affirme That my Information was not without near approaches as I continually conversed with the most principal Instruments in these admirable Transactions persons Unbiased that had certain and full Intelligence of the highest emergences whether Forreign or Domestick If I have been but as judicious and clear-sighted to perceive and write as I have been honestly unconcerned to transmit this History to posterity I shall not need to fear but stand secure against the most malicious or otherwise impertinent Imputations Having thus discharged my Conscience in these my honest endeavours I have no more to write but to bid thee read and then censure Impartially Farewell Thine S. C. The
Postscript REader Be pleased to take notice that this History is Translating into five other Languages it is in French ready for the Press the other Translations for other parts of the World being in such forwardness as that they will be speedily extant An Advertisement Courteous Reader BE pleased to take notice that in the Page 195. seven lines before that never till now published an Incomparable Poem of the English Virgil of our times Mr. Edmund Waller on General Mountague's wonderful Victory at Sea over the Spaniards at Sancta Cruze that in the Printing this escaped for shaming read sublime for other lesser Mistakes the expedition of the Press may obtain thy excuse THE HISTORY Of his Highness OLIVER The late Lord-Protector From his Cradle to his Tomb. The Introduction IF those Writers who pen the Histories of great Men had the same advantage as Painters have who oblige those whom they are to Portraict to seat themselves in such a posture as they may best consider and judge of them who do choose their Lights and thereby discover most apparently the most delicate and neatest feature of the Faces which they are to represent I might hope to give unto the publick and to Posterity a perfect Resemblance of his late Highness the Lord Protector of England although I should meet with a great deal of difficulty in the well applying of the Colours and to make choice of such exquisire Ones to trace the Footsteps of so glorious a Life True it is that the Soul is not visible as Mens Bodies are for as it hath its Origine from Heaven we must of necessity ascend up thither and enter into the Councels of the Almighty to observe those Lights and Inspirations which he gives unto those persons whom his Divine Providence doth make choice of to command here on Earth and those designs which he doth frame in these great Souls for the encrease of his Glory and for our Peace and Tranquillity So that our Ignorance doth oblige us herein to immitare the modesty and good behaviour of Painters who instead of a beautifull nakedness render it to our view wrapt up in fine Linnen and not discovering unto us the Brain whence the severall motions of the Body do proceed they only set before our eyes a dumb Image without Motion and some few Physionomical Marks which do help us to guess who the party is they intend to represent unto us My intent is to give you a rough Draught of this most excellent Personage whose Actions are so glorious and surpassingly winning in themselves as that we shall only need to enter upon a Relation of them and so insensibly compleat a Naturall Panegyrick much like unto those exquisite Beauties the advantages whereof we so much the more lessen and detract from by how much the more we go about to embellish them with Ornaments and Cloathing so that the Resplendency of my Subject it self will spare me the labour of making a long Introduction and the vastness of its Renown saves me the care I ought to have taken in duly preparing the Readers Mind to conceive worthily of this my HEROE and to have begot in them a Love and Esteem of his Person His late Highness was born in the Town of Huntington the chief of the Shire which beareth the same Name of a Noble Parentage being descended from the Ancient and Illustrious Family of the Williams's of the County of Glamorgan which Name in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth was changed into that of Cromwell as will appear by the ensuing History His Parents left him not much Wealth but caused him to be educated in the University of Cambridge where as it is reported a publick Representation being to be performed he that was to represent the Kings part falling sick this our Cromwell was said to have taken the Part upon Himself and so well imployed the little time he had to get it by Heart as it seemed that it was Infused into him and whereby he represented a King with so much Grace and Majesty as if that Estate had been naturall unto him And truly thus much may be averred that his Soul comprehended all those Seeds and Foundations of such Vertues as do usually render a Person capable to govern others Having finished his course of Study at the University when he had perfectly acquired unto himself the Latine Tongue which Language as all men know he made use of to treat with Strangers his Parents designed him to the Study of the Civill Law which is the Foundation of the Politicks It being very requisite that he who was Ordained to give Law to three Kingdomes and to the whole Sea besides should have a smack of the Law and chiefly of those which were the most Essentiall and Universall for he dived not over deep into this Study but rather chose to run a Course in all the rest of the Sciences and chiefly in the Mathematicks wherein he excelled as likewise he may be justly said to have yeilded to no Gentleman whatsoever in the knowledge of the rest of the Arts and Sciences But to keep more close to our History His Fortune and Rise did commence by those very means which by degrees elevated him to the Supream pitch of Grandeur The conjuncture of Affairs brought him on the Stage his Valour raised him up and the Politick part taking the upper hand as belonging to Her by Birth-right Crowned him with all those Blisses which both the former and latter could justly discern Wherefore the Disorders of England and Scotland being not possible to be appeased without the intervening of a Parliament there was one summoned in the year 1641. in which the late Protector assisted in the quality of a Burgess for the Town of Cambridge one of the most famous Universities of England who could not fail in making so good a Choice and so worthy of such Eminent persons as themselves verst in all Sciences and Profound Knowledge Things growing past an amicable reconciliation between the King and the Parliament after severall and infinite Treaties and Proposalls the last Reason both of the one and the other terminated in the loud Volleys of Canons each Partie took the Field and those Parliament Men who were minded to engage in the War did with a generall consent and approbation obtain leave to suspend their Imployment in the House whereunto they were called To maintain the Liberties of Parliament with the points of their Swords His late Highness was none of the last that proferred his Service to the Parliament and the better to witness his Passion and Zeal to the Cause he raised a Troop of Horse at his own costs and Charges The esteem he had in the House and the value which the County of Essex put upon his Person obliged the Parliament to grant him a Commission to levy as many men as he could that so he might make up a compleat Regiment And as he was Burgess of the
Fleet of nine great Ships which served to shelter several other small ones whereby the trade of England was much impeded and incommodated which obliged the Parliament to put forth a most puissant Naval Army to Sea fitted with good Mariners and all kinde of necessary war-like Ammunitions The sole brute of this Fleet made all the Enemies Ships to run into their several skulking holes like unto so many Conies and Prince Rupert being not strong enough to encounter them was forced to retire into Kingsale Haven in Ireland where he was immediately blocked up by the Parliaments Fleet whilest General Cromwell besieged both the Port and Town by land and Prince Rupert being forced to make a vertue of necessity resolved to bear the brunt of all the English Fleet and so saved himself leaving behinde him three Ships which by that occasion were taken and finally after several turnings and turmoilings be cast anchor at Lisbone where he was protected by the King of Portugal which caused the rupture betwixt this Common-wealth and that Crown and all those mischiefs which ensued as we hereafter shall rehearse Meanwhile the Royallists in Scotland seeing the Parliament was busied in Ireland thought to lay hold on a fit opportunity to play their game and to that purpose the Earle of Montrosse having landed in the North of Scotland with some Forces he had raised in Holland and other parts assembled the old Souldiers who had formerly served under him and armed them with such Arms as he had brought from Holland but before he could make a considerable body he was defeated by the Presbyter Forces taken and hanged on a very high Gibbet which is the last mark of infamy in that Countrey Within a while after there was a Treaty commenced at Breda between the Scots and their King to install and re-establish him in that Kingdome and in the others according as Fortune should answer their designs and expectations and to this end they deputed Ambassadors into Spain Italy Denmarke Sweden Russia and into Turkey and finally throughout all Europe to demand relief aid and assistance But all their Embassies procured neither men nor money only their Ambassadors were laden with Complements and good wishes in return each others particular affairs not permitting them to do more All which gave unto the Common-wealth of England not any great fears but great jealousies wherefore the better to be informed of the passages abroad and the better to fortifie themselves by foraign Leagues and Alliances M. Dorislaus a person full of knowledge and conduct was sent in the quality of an Agent towards the States of the United Provinces the chief drift of this Negotiation being to criment a good and firm understanding between the two Common-wealths But scarce was he arrived at the Hague when five or six disguised persons entred forcibly into his Chamber and massacred him And whilest it seemed all things were a profound Calm in England or that at least the course of the Enemies designs both at home and abroad being sufficiently known to the State on a suddain there sprang up the most formidable faction that ever was hatch'd since these last Warres A certain number of persons who called themselves Levellers whose pretenses were to render all mens goods and possessions alike and truely this was a very plausible design and might doubtlesse have met with as many Abetters as there are men in the world who have no other possessions or Revenues but their good wills to obtaine them The chief of these Levellers was one John Lilborn a man of a dating and attempting spirit who could not remain quiet but was altogether invincible not to be moved by threats nor gained by the favour or presents of fortune which were beneath the extent of his ambition and a considerable part of the Army siding with their Leader they augmented in numbers as fast as the shortnesse of the time would permit the confluence of such men as flattered themselves with such fond hopes and who promised themselves a revenge and and establishment by a second Revolution and change But before all those who intended to have sided with them could come up to them and unite in one body they were vigorously set upon by the Lord Fairfax at that time the Common-wealths General who defeated them at a place called Burford in the County of Oxford where their Leader and the best part of his Souldiers were taken some of which were put to death for example sake and some others were banish'd but the greatest part were pardoned and admitted into favour again As for their Leader John Lilborne being brought up to London he appeared before the chief Officers and Judges of London and Westminster the Lord Maior Sheriffs and divers others where he was not only accused of divers Martial Crimes but also Politick ones as having been the Author of several scandalous and defamatory Libells against the State which tended to render the Government odious and to beget a Mutiny in the people however he so dexterously shifted himself of all these accusations as that the Judges declared him Not guilty Much about that very time Mr. Anthony Ascham a most judicious and accomplished Gentleman was Deputed and sent over in the quality of an Agent to the King of Spain and arrived at the Port of Sancta Maria on the 5. of June 1650. where being advertised but his person was in danger he was constrained to cause himself to be guarded to Madrid where the next day after his arrival as he was at Dinner six men knocked at his Chamber doore which was immediately opened unto them and he rising from the Table to receive them the first of the said parties stabbed him in the head with a Dagger so that he fell down dead to the ground and his Interpreter Signior Riba being not able to make his escape soon enough was likewise stabbed in the belly which being thus done the Murderers would have saved themselves in the Venetian Ambassadors house who refused them protection whence they retired themselves into a Church which in Spain is a Sanctuary which the Justice ought not to violate whence however the King of Spain had them taken and put into prison one only excepted who made an escape Hence there arose a great contest betwixt the King and the Clergy who complain'd that their priviledges had been infringed and demanded that the Prisoners might be returned unto them and on the other side the Parliament of England pressed hard to have justice done on them and though message upon message instance upon instance were used therein yet they took no effect And lest it may seem that all these foraign Negotiations which we have here inserted may be beyond my subject however if they be considered as so many obstacles which Fortune opposed unto the vertue and greatness of his late Highness you will find that the recitall of them will not be altogether uselesse the rather since I have related them as succinctly as possibly
Concernments the Parliament being desirous together with the Kings person to extirpate his Memory and to remove those Objects which might beget tenderness in the people who do alwaies bemoan the misfortunes of those whom before they hated Commanded that his Statues should be flung down whereupon that which stood on the VVest-end of St. Pauls Church in London was cast down and the other which was placed in the old Exchange placing this following Inscription in the Comportment above the same Exit tyrannus Regum ultimus Anno Libertatis Angliae restitutae primo Anno Domini 1648. Januarii 30. In like manner the Aâ—mes of the Crown of England which were placed in the Churches in the Courts of Judiciture and other publick places were taken down And the Common-weath being now as it seemed solidly established some neighbouring States who desired to be in Amity with Her sent their extraordinary Ambassadors over as namely the Hollanders Spain and Portugal and by the following Negociations the issues of the said Embassies will easily appear As to the Spanish Ambassador satisfaction was continually demanded of him for the Murther which was committed on the persons of this Common-wealths Agents at Madrid nor was this State at all satisfied with the Answer thereon returned That the Contestations between the King of Spain and his Clergy on that particular were not as yet reconciled or brought to naissue And as to the Portugal Ambassador great and vast summes being demanded of him for the reimbursement of those Charges which the King his Master had caused the Common-wealth to be at and for the reparation of those damages which the English Merchants had sustained He replyed he had no Orders to make Answer thereunto whereupon he had his Audience of departure and went his way Immediatly after this Common-wealth sent two extraordinary Ambassadors to the States of the united Provinces the Lords Oliver St. Johns and Walter Strickland Personages of a high repute and endowed with exquisite Parts their Train was great ad splendid and their Equipage favoured not a little of the Splendor of their continued Victories They Embarqued in the Downs on the eleventh of March 1651. and the next day toward even they came to an anchor neer Helvoot Slugs but not without some danger on the 13 they made towards Rotterdam in the long-boats and by the way they were met by some of the States Jachts or Barges and being arrived they were by the English Merchants conducted to their publick House where they were most splendidly entertained whither the Spanish Ambassador sent to complement them by one of his Gentlemen to testifie unto them his joy for their happy arrival beseeching them to enter into and joyn with him in a right understanding Two or three dayes after they set forward towards the Hague and by the way were met by the Master of Ceremonies accompanyed with about thirty Coaches and after some reciprocal complements passed and exchanged they were conducted to a stately House which was prepared for them in the Town where having been three dayes treated at the States charges they had audience In which the Lord St. Johns made a most Elegant and learned Speech in English and gave the Copy thereof unto the Lords States both in English and in Dutch the most essential points whereof were as followeth I. That they were sent unto the Lords the High and mighty States of the United Provinces on the behalf of the Parliament of the Common-wealth of England to ciment a firm League and Confederation betwixt the two Common-wealths in case their Lordships thought it fitting notwithstanding the injuries which the English had received from the Holland Nation II. That they desired to renew and confirm the Treaties and Agreements formerly made concerning the Traffique and Commerce betwixt both Nations III. After which they exhibited the advantages which the Hollanders would reap by this said union in regard of the commodious situation of England for the Traffique with the multitude and security of her Havens and of all things which may advance the Commerce and Trade IV. Finally he told them That he wus commanded by the Parliament of England and by the Common-wealth to make known to their Lordships how sencibly they were touched with the Murder which was committed on the person of their Agent Mr. Dorislaus and that they doubted not but their Lordships would use all possible endeavours to discover the Authors of that horrid and unworthy action After which the Lords States being informed that the said Lords Ambassadors followers were daily molested and affronted by the English Royallists and other persons who resided in Holland they caused a Proclamation to be drawn up which they sent unto the Lords Ambassadors to know of them whether it was penned in the due terms according to their good liking whereby on pain of death they prohibited that no man should either by words or deeds offend or molest any of the said Ambassadors followers or retainers Three months time was already elapsed in their Negotiation at a vast expense and with a farre greater patience without that the least satisfaction in the world could be obtained at the hands of Justice for those daily affronts injuries which were put upon the Lords Ambassadors Retinue Servants and the scorns and disgraces offered to their own persons even to such a pitch as that the Common people and Rascality would assemble themselves at the Gates of their house and belch out injurious language and set upon and injure their Servants Now the Parliament being sensible of these wrongs and injuries and seeing the Lords States did not at all answer those kinde proffers and endeavours which were made unto them to beget and fettle a solid and firm alliance and peace betwixt the two Common-wealths save with delayes and shifts purposely to gain time upon the English till they should be able to judge how the face of things would evidence it self in Scotland and which way the Chain would turn there they recalled their Ambassadors Which suddain and unexpected newes extreamly surprised the Hollanders who testified their astonishments thereon to the Lords Ambassadors by more frequent and oftner visitations then formerly and by which they endeavoured to perswade them to beleeve the sincerity of their intentions and how earnestly and ardently they desired the alliance which their Lordships had propounded But all these fair words were not able to stay the Ambassadors who immediately returned into England again to cut out another guesse kinde of work for the Hollanders And that which gave the greater cause of jealousie unto the English and made them believe that the Hollander dealt deceitfully with them was that their Admirall Van Trump lay lurking about the Isle of of Scillie with his Fleet as if he had some design to make himself Master of them But when as the States were demanded the reason of his lying there they replyed that their Admirals being in those parts was only to demand restitution of
Queens Ferry with 1600 Foot and four Troops of Horse having in his said passage lost but six men as soon as they were arrived they fell to intrenching themselves and at the same time the Generall with the body of the Army marched directly towards the Enemy to the end that in case the Scots should make a shew to march towards Fife he might charge their Rear before they should gain Sterling and the Scots being unwilling to let the day passe without driving the English out of Fife sent 4000 Horse and Foot under the command of Sir John Brown to set upon the English which obliged Generall Cromwell to send over a re-inforcement of two Regiments of Horse and two Regiments of Foot under the Command of Major Generall Lambert in lesse then 24 hours they were passed over and joyned to the others and immediately the Regiment of Colonel Okey advanced towards the Enemy which ingaged them to draw up into Battel-array and the English likewise did the same who though they were more in number then the Scots yet they had the advantage of the ground and the Scots being placed on a hill they remained face to face for the space of an hour and a half looking on each other the Scots not being willing to march down nor lose their advantage insomuch that the English at last resolved to march up towards them and set upon them so resolutely as that after a very slender contest they quite routed them and made such a butchery amongst them that they killed 2000 of their 4000 took 1400 Prisoners amongst whom Sir John Brown who commanded the Party Colonel Buchanam and severall other persons of quality on the English side there were but few slain but many hurt and in reference hereunto more Forces were sent over into Fyfe in case the whole Body of both Armies might chance to come to a generall Battell Immediatly after the English became Masters of Inchigarvy a strong Castle scituate upon a Rock in the midst of the Province of Fryth between Queens Ferry and North Ferry in which there were sixteen piece of Ordnance mounted On the twenty seventh of July all the English Army appearing before Brunt Island the Governour there of took such an Alarme thereat as that after a small Contest in a Parley he surrendred the same delivering unto the English together with the said Island all the Men of War which were found in the Haven all the Cannon of the place as also all the Armes Ammunition of War and the provision of Victuals which said Isle was very considerable for the English to make a Magazine and Storehouse for the Provisions and Ammunition for the Army Thence the Army marched to St. John's Town a very strong and considerable place into which the Enemy had but just before put a fresh Regiment who were resolved to have defended themselves very well but as soon as they saw that their Sluces were cut off by the English they lost their Courage and surrendred the place Meanwhile there happened a great change of Affairs for the Scots Army consisting in 16000 men abandoned their own Territories in hopes of establishing themselves in a better Country and by the way of Carlisle enter England General Cromwell being advertised hereof issued out immediatly such Orders as were requisite to pursue the Scots and with all possible speed the Army repassed the River of Fife upon a Bridge of Boats at Leith Major General Lambert the sooner to overtake the Enemies Rear with 3000 Horse and Dragoons followed after them and Major General Harrison with a Body of lighter Horse was commanded to get into the Van of the Enemy for to amuse and detain them whilst the General himself with the Body of the Army consisting in sixteen Regiments of Horse and Foot immediatly pursued the Enemy But not wholly to abandon the Affaires of Scotland Colonel Monk was left there with 7000 men with which alone he perfected the Conquest of that Kingdome taking immediatly after this Change of the Scene the strong Town and Castle of Sterling being a very considerable Place and also Aberdeen Dundee and the strong Castle of Dunnotters and Dunbarton with many others Insomuch as that after the passage into Fyfe was once gained the remaining parts of Scotland were so on entirely subdued and were made tributary unto the Common-wealth of England Mean while the divided Parties of the English Forces which pursued the Scots Army did quite and clean tire them out during their March setting upon them sometimes in the Van sometimes in the Rear sometimes in the Flank and finally on all sides as they saw their oportunity to disturb and annoy them Insomuch that their long and precipitated March did much weaken the Scots But that which troubled and vexed them most of all was the little hopes they saw of those promises of relief which were given them from England The Parliament having settled such good Orders in all parts as that no body durst stir or rise in Armes to their Aide In all places wheresoever the Scots came they proclaimed their King To be King of great Britain France and Ireland according to the accustomed Formes and in his Name they sent unto all those who had any Commands or were in any Authority in those parts through which they passed to rise in Armes joyntly with them but no body budged To the contrary by Order of Parliament the Trained Bands of severall Countries drew forth in Armes to hinder the Risings and to augment the Common-wealths Armies On the one side General Cromwells Army marched on the Heels of the Scots to their Terrour on the other side the Major General Lambert and Harrison waited upon their Designs and Colonel Robert Lilborn was left in Lancashire to hinder the Earl of Darby from levying men in those parts and to the same purpose severall other Bodies were placed in other places as the occasion required both to cut off the Enemies Provisions as well as his passage In case they should resolve to retreat back again or to fly away Finally the Scotch Army having reached the Town of Worcester pitched its Camp there having much debated where and in what manner they should fix upon a resting and breathing place after so long and tedious a march Whereof the Earl of Darby was no sooner assertained but he issued forth of his Island with 300 Gentlemen and Landed in Lancashire where he assembled at least 1200 men during which the Generals Regiment which was left at Manchester was Commanded to joyn with Colonel Lilborne to cut off the Earl of Darbies passage to Manchester whither he was marching to have faln upon the said Regiment but Colonel Lilborne observing his motion marched the very same way joyning Flank and Flank with the Earls Forces who deeming that he ought not to defer the Fight with Lilborne till he should have joyned with the Generals Regiment when as then he might have proved too
solid and firm Foundations and when as the Parliament did propound unto him most splendid and magnificent Presents in recompense he only desired the Lives and Liberties of their Prisoners They proposed to have Bonefires made and to have Triumphall Arcks erected but he answered That it would be better to raise Monuments to such of their Illustrious Patriots as lost their lives in the gaining of that Day and to bewaile their deaths with Teats And Iastly at the Generals request there were onely the Earle of Darby and Sir Fetherston Knight of all this great number of Prisoners put to death besides some few others of less quality Much about which time also that smal Body of an Army which remained in Scotland seized upon a great number of the Nobility of the Country who were assembled all together at a place called Ellet where the old General Lesly Earle Marshall the Lord Keith Cofford Ogleby Barany Huntly Lee and severall other Knights Gentlemen and Ministers were in Consultation all of which were put on boord a Ship and sent into England This great Storm being thus over-blown and the Minds of the Parliament Members being calmed after the apprehensions of the Scotch Invasion and the doubtfull and unexpected Events of a Battel they began to track the Foot-steps of their Conquest a new and the whole Common-wealth being entirely cleansed within they cast about how to reduce those Islands which sheltred several of the Enemies smal Vesssels whereby the Trade was interrupted and several Merchant-men impeded in their Voyages The Isle of Jersey was the first they resolved to begin withall and the Conduct of this Enterprise was left to Colonel Haymes who upon the same accompt on the fourteenth of October 1651. caused two Regiments of Foot and as many of Horse to be embarqued on board of eight Ships in the Port of Weymouth and the seventeenth they set Saile but the Stormy Weather forced them to return On the nineteenth they set saile again and on the same day about Midnight they came to anchor under the Island of Zoark and next Morning continuing their Course they arived at Stowens Bay in Jersey on the next day they fell down with the Tyde and got into St. Brelads Bay where they were assailed by so vehement a storm as that the Fleet was dispersed but having joyned to each other again on the one and twentieth they resolved to go ashoare that Night at Stowens Bay wheunto they were necessitated for want of Forrage for the Horse and as it were in a trice they landed their Horse by an admirable Industry of General Blake and his other Officers in Boats and two hours after the Flood they weighed anchor and some cut their Cables to run a shoare and so the Foot Landed some at three some at four some at five and some at six foot set and more receiving all that while both the Cannon and Musket shot which played upon them from the shoare Notwithstanding which they gained Land although they were faced by both the Horse and Foot of the Island but this was their advantage they were so over-charged with Water as that they were not succeptible of Fire Finally after they had endured this first brunt they got all of them on shoare and quickly gained as much Ground as served them to draw up into a Body to fight which they accordingly did with so much resoluion and vigour that in one half houres time they forced the Enemy to retreat who left their Ensignes behind them and twelve piece of Cannon after which the Horse being a little heartned having been refreshed in their Quarters in the Island on the two and twentieth of October they attempted three small Forts each having two piece of Ordnance in them which they took after which they advanced within sight of Elizabeths Castle to set upon a Fort called the Tower of St. Albons having fourteen piece of Ordnance commanded by the said Castle In two hours time they gained the said Tower and their next work was to possess the Castle of Montorqueil which they also took without much trouble But Elizabeths Castle being a very strong and considerable place into which they had retired all rheir Forces was not surrendred untill the midst of the Month of December on the most advantagious Conditions which so considerable a place could expect On the sixteenth of October 1651. there were embarqued at Westchester and Leverpoole three Regiments of Foot to wit General Cromwells commanded by Livetenant Colonel Worstey Major General Deanes Commanded by Livetenant Colonel Michell and Colonel Duckâ—nfields who Commanded the whole Brigade together with two Troops of Horse which Forces were sent to reduce the Isle of Man On the eighteenth of the said Month they set Sail but the VVind coming contrary they were driven into the Port of Beaumorris On the twenty fifth by two in the Morning the Wind coming Southwardly by the favour of a fresh Gale they set Sail again and about two of the Clock in the Afternoon they discovered the Custle of the Isle of Man Rushen Castle Darby Fort and a good part of the Island as also the Inhabitants and Soldiery as well Horse and Foot in Armes who were drawn out to make a review of their Forces when as by a suddain Gust the Fleet was hindred from approaching neerer the shoare whereupon they tacked about towards the North of the Island and not without some difficulty they gained Ramsey Bay where they Anchored that Night in sight of the Island and sent them Volleys of Cannon which were not at all answered by those of the Island On the twenty sixth of October an Inhabitant was sent on board the Fleet from the chief persons of the Island to assure the Commander that they would not in any wise hinder their Landing But to the contrary that they would deliver up unto them two Forts which they had Mastered after which there remained only Rushen and Peele Castle to be taken wherein they would also be assisting to the utmost of their powers But because the said Inhabitant brought nothing in writing to confirm what he had said Major Fox went on shoare to be assured of the certainty thereof and returning well satisfied he was followed by some Commissioners of the Island who most humbly beseeched the Officers not to ruine them which must of necessity ensue should they Land all their Men obliging and engaging themselves to bring Provisions at reasonable rates unto those who should remain on board the Ships The Commander in chief returned them thanks promising them to do them all the favour possible and imaginable but it fell out unhappily for all sides That on the twenty seventh the Sea became very rough and the Ships being not able to remain all of them under shelter in the said Bay they were in a great deale of darger and one Ship running a shoare was broken and rent in sunder however all the men were saved and those within the
Castles knowing full well the danger wherein the Ships were did encrease the dangers from shoare as well as from Sea and thereby became the more resolute and obstinate Insomuch that on the twenty eighth they were constrained to Land the Horse and the rest of the Foot who became Masters of the Forts and afterwards set upon the Castles in one of which was the Earle of Darbies Widow who quickly surrendred herself together with all the Ammunitions of War and some Vessells which were Anchored in the Harbour And not long after the strong Castle of Guernsey was also surrendred to the Parliament the whole Island having alwaies remained under the obedience of the Common-wealth and never deserted the same And as there is no felicity or bliss under the Heavens which is not mingled with some bitterness so in like manner the great Conquest of the Parliament both by Sea and Land had some mixture of missorrunes on both Elements on the Land by the decease of a great Captaine and a greater States-man and on the Sea by the death of a great Pilot and a greater Admirall both together The first was the Lord Ireton Son-in-law to his late Highness who immediatly after the taking of Limrick a very considerable place in those parts died during his being Lord Deputy of Ireland he was generally bemoaned of all men being a person who had rendred himself equally famous in War-like Exploits as well as in Politick Affairs and Sagacious Councels and to speak the truth there was scarce his like in all England and all the Comforts which survived his loss were that those good Foundations which he had laid and the Maximes which he had prescribed for the Government of Ireland did not perish with him but have remained to his Successors as Lamps and Lights whereby they may safely conduct their Foot-steps and assuredly carry on their Designes The other famous Person who also dyed was General Poppham a Personage endowed with all the good qualities of an exquisite Sea-man being valiant active and well versed in Sea Affaires his precipitated death and the small time he continued in that Imployment did shew unto us less what he was then according unto all appearance what he would have been had it pleased God to have lengthned his daies And now the Parliament being truly sencible both of the old and new Injuries which England had received from and by the States of Holland thought it fit to publish this ensuing Manifest Viz. THat no Commodities whatsoever of the growth or Manifacture of Africa Asia America or Europe should be brought into England or into any of the Territories belonging thereunto either by the English themselves or by any others save in Vessels or Barques effectively belonging to this Common-wealth or the Collonies and Plantations in the Indies who depend on the same on the penalty of forfeiting both Ships and Goods 2. That all Commodities whatsoever of the growth or manifacture of Forreigners which shall be brought within the Dominions of this Common-wealth in Vessels belonging to the Inhabitants thereof shall be taken and laden only in the places where the said wares do grow or else in those Ports and Havens whence they must of necessity be brought and where they are accustomed to be had and bought at the first hand 3. That all kind of Fish of the Fishing belonging to the people of this Nation as also all kind of Oyle of Fish VVhales Oyle and VVhale Bones shall not be brought save in such Ships where the said Fishing shall have been made upon the forementioned Penalty 4. That after the first of February 1653. there shall be no Salt-fish transported out of England save in English Vessels c. Then which nothing was more pleasing to the Merchants nor could any thing have more eucouraged them to cause the Traffick and Navigation to flourish again and whereby they were not a little also endeared to the Parliaments Interest So likewise was it very effectual to gain the Seamens hearts then which nothing is so apt to rebell and so hard to be kept in awe So likewise severall other Ordinances and Regulations were made concerning those Merchandizes which are brought from the East Indies from the Levant and from the Coast of Spain and Portugal all which did not much please and but lease oblige the Hollanders but to the contrary did so exasperate their Minds as that even during the time when they were treating of an Accommodation it came to an open VVar concerning the point of Honour at Sea and in this wise the Quarrel begun MAjor Bourn Commander in chief of a Squadron of English Ships discovered Van Trump Admirall of the Dutch Fleet on the back of Goodwine Sands who with two and forty Saile of Ships made towards Dover Road whereupon the Frigat called the Greyhound was commanded to make all the possible saile she could after them to speak with them which she accordingly did whereas they struck their Saile and gave all kind of tokens of honour and respect saying moreover That they would gladly tell something in the behalf of their Admiral unto the Party that commanded the English Fleet in chief and coming on board they saluted the English Ships and to seem the more officious they gave them an Account of their Navigation in this wise saying That the Nothernly VVinds having been somewhat high for some daies they had been constrained to ply more to the Southward then else they willingly would have done and that being come to an Anchor somewhat hitherwards to avoid the falling too neer unto Dunkirk they had lost severall Cables and Anchors concluding that they had not the least intention to do us any Injury General Blake was at that time with the rest of the Fleet towards the VVest who being enformed by Major Bourn of the Hollanders proceedings he used all the possible speed he could to joyne with him and on the nineteenth of May he discovered the Hollanders Anchored in Dover Road and being within three Leagues of each other the Hollander weighed Anchor and sailed Eastward where they met with an Express from the States whom they spake withall and afterwards made all the Saile they could up to the English Fleet their Admiral Van Trump shewing himself upon the Decks of the foremost Ships And General Blake coveting the honour to give the first Volley let fly three Guns at Van Trumps Flag though without Bullets To which Van Trump answered by a shot from the Stern of his Ship backwards signifying his disdain to vale his Flag and instead of the striking his Main Top-saile he caused a red Flag of War to be set up in token of a Combat to his whole Fleet and without any further delay he gave General Blake a whole Broad-side who joyfully received it and returned two for one and for the space of foure houres together both Fleets fought with that Animosity and vehemency which is usually on the like occasions at
after in the Mediterranian Seas as well as in the Ocean and in the English Channel Some Frights were sent towards the Levant to guard the English Merchant Men from the French Shipping of Marselleis and Toulon a Squadron of which Frigats consisting onely in foure Saile of Ships viz. The Paragon the Phenix the Constant Warwick and the Elizabeth convoying three Merchant Men two of which had taken in their Lading at Scandaroon and the other at Smyrna were encountred by eleven Holland Men of War who made up towards them and set upon them All that the English could at first do was to returne their broad Sides on their Poopes to let them see that they were not affraid of their exceeding them in number but ere the fight was well begun the Night separated them and the next Morning the Hollanders began the fight againe and were received as briskly as if they had been equally matched The Masts and Yards of two of their Ships were quickly shot downe and another was set on fire but quickly recovered The Phenix a gallant Frigat of five and forty Guns was boarded by a huge States Ship and after a marvellous defence lost almost all her Men and being over powerd was forced to yield but not without a great loss on the Hollanders side Nor did the English quit the fight till all their Men and Ammunition were killed and spent The Paragon lost seven and twenty Men and had sixty wounded the Elizabeth had but two Barrels of Powder left However they disengaged themselves from so great a number of their Enemies and put their Merchant-men safe in Porto-longone So that the Hollander had not much to brag of in the fight which hapned neer Corsica Much about this time an Ambassador from the Queen of Sweden but before he had made the least overture of Business he dyed Another Ambassador arrived from the King of Denmark but finding that it was impossible to reconcile the differences betwixt the two Common-wealths he withdrew againe and went his wayes by reason of the common Interest of the Danes and the united Provinces And the Parliament having notice that the Hollanders who blocked up the passage of the Sound had constrained two and twenty English Merchants coming from the Eastern Parts towards England to put themselves under the King of Denmarks protection ordered eighteen Saile of Ships to go to fetch them home the rather because they were Laden with such Merchandizes as were at that time very usefull for the State and without which the Warre against the Hollanders could not be prosecuted nor continued On the nineteenth of September the Fleet set saile from Yarmouth and the next Morning they came to Anchor within two Leagues of the Castle of Essenhoeur in Denmark whence the Commander in chief sent away the Greyhound Frigat with a Letter directed to the Governour of the Castle and another to the Admiral of Denmark by which he desired them to informe the King of Denmark of their arrivall and of the Subject thereof whereunto he added a third Letter directed to the Masters of the English Ships ordering them to make their Addresses to the King of Denmark and to procure libertie from him that their Ships might with all speed be suffered to come out of the 〈…〉 of Copenhagen where they as then lay But the Frigat was not suffered to approach neerer then within a League of the Castle whence she returned againe The next Morning the Commander in Chief himselfe went thither in his long Boat and declared the Subject of his Arrivall and delivered his Letters but no Answer was returned unto him which obliged him the second time to send to the King and to the English Merchants but without successe for the King was not to be heard of nor seen nor to be spoken with at length two Lords sent from the King of Denmark came to Elsenore Castle whither also the Captaines of the English Fleet went who vigorously pressed the Restitution of their Merchant-men But in answer to this their Demand they were interrogated Wherefore their Ambassadour had not been admitted to Hearing at his being in England wherefore they came so boldly into his Majesties Seas and so neer to his place of Residence and of his Castles with so strong a Fleet before they had given notice thereof three weeks before But the English not standing to Canvasle these Demands save onely to procure satisfaction on their Pretenses pressed to have a positive Answer returned thereunto Whereupon on the seven and twentieth of the said Moneth they received a Letter from the King of Denmark telling them That he would preserve the said Ships for the Merchants as carefully as he had hitherto done but that he would not deliver them into their hands Whereupon the English Merchants and the Masters and Sea-men seeing there was no hopes to get their Ships released abandoned them and came aboard of the Fleet and straightway quitting the Sound made over againe towards England but in the Night of the following Day which was the last of the Moneth the VVeather proved so dark that the Admiral Ship Commanded by Captaine Ball steering too much towards the shore run on ground upon the Coast of that Sand where she was lost onely all the Ships Company was saved and it was ten to one that the whole Fleet had not followed her she bearing the Lanthorne she was an excellent Frigat called the Antelop carrying fifty brass Gunnes But this Losse was presently after repaired by taking of about twenty Holland Barques and one Convoy Man of Warre as also one other Ship carrying twenty Gunnes and thus without any other Losse or adventure they returned into England and on the fifteenth of October they came to an Anchor in Burlington Bay within a little while after Master Braâ—…haw was deputed in the quality of an Envoy or Deputy towards the King of Denmark to try whether the Restitution of those Merchants Vessels might not be procured in an amicable way but this Attempt proved as bootlesse as the former For the said Ships were not onely detained but their Lading was carried on Shoare and Sold Which Acts of Hostility committed against the Law of Nations and of Hospitality to innocent Persons and against a State which had desired their Amity by all wayes and means possible will sooner orlater meet with their Reward and Punishment either by the hands of those who were endamaged or by some others which by the sequell you will find proved so But to return againe to the Hollander who were almost enraged at their continuall Losses of their Ships with which all the Havens in England were filled and being resolved to be revenged for so many Sea Fights as they had lost busied themselves in setting forth a great Fleet and notwithstanding the rigour of the Season in the very midst of Winter they came to Sea with a Fleet of ninety Saile and ten Fire-ships and on the twentieth of
with the neighbouring States It is a thing worthy of observation and admiration both together that our Protectors Ancestors did alwayes bear this Motto in their Arms Pax quoeritur Bello which seemeth onely to belong to Soveraign Princes as if by a prophetical chance or else rather by a Divine Providence this Family which as it seems was designed to bear the Scepter and to restore and give peace unto England after so bloody a Civil War and so many other forreign broyls had received this glorious Motto as an earnest of its future Grandeur which said Motto doth in substance contain all the mystery of the Politicks and comprehend the two powers which God doth give to those whom he establisheth his Lievetenants upon Earth In effect we may observe that peace which seemed to have embraced our incomparable Oliver and as it were to have been incorporated with him hath ever since grown up with him until such time as its powerful branches which encreased and grew up to an infinite height had spread it felf so far as that this dutiful Daughter of Heaven whose growth is limitted by God being not able to follow him no longer was constrained onely to fix her self to the body of the tree and to suffer the branches to extend themselves to the other sides of the Sea-Coasts for to deprive that Nation of Peace which doth least deserve it having extended the War and her Tyrannies throughout all the inhabitable parts of the World For as soon as his late Highness our dread Protector had attained to the power by the means and force of Arms in England Scotland and Ireland Peace immediately brake forth and resplendently shown throughout all those parts and stopt those floods of Blood which could never have been stanched but by the greatest branches of our illustrious Oliver and not sooner had his Voice a transcendency in and over the Councels but Peace continually accompanied his Oracles Do but with me track the course of his fortunes and you will finde that bright Astrea doth follow or rather doth conduct and lead by the hand this blessed Deity and chains her up to the triumphal Chariot there to humble her and to make her know that this our Oliver was not the work of her hands but rather of her own since it is the end which doth alwayes Crown glorious and magnanimous Actions Now whereas the last Victory which General Blake obtained at Sea had gained a great stock of credit unto his late Highness both at home and abroad the whole English Nation began to witness a desire that he would undertake the Management of Affairs and put himself at the Helme of the Government and likewise all Strangers and Forreigners endeavoured to be in a good understanding with England The King of Portugal sent an extraordinary Ambassadour over into England with a gallant retinue the stateliness whereof savoured of the profusion of Peace which was also immediately granted them on very advantageous Conditions for England And almost at the same time two deputations were admitted from France which Kingdom was again for the second time unfortunately divided by a Civil War The French King by his Deputy demanded the restitution of those Ships which had been taken by the English as they were going to the relief of Dunkirk and on the other part the Prince of Conde sent a Deputy from Bordeaux besieged by the King to demand relief but all the Civility England could shew either of them at that time was not to assent at all to their demands and by that means remove all occasions of jealousie from each party besides that business being too much exasperated between England and France there could not so suddain an occomodation be expected and as to the Bourdelois all men know those French Quarrels are as short as violent In like manner several other forreign Princes and States sent over Deputations into England to endeavour to moderate a Peace between this Commonwealth and the Hollanders as amongst the rest the Queen of Sweeden The Cantons of Switzes the Imperial Hansiatick Towns of Hamborough and Lubeck But at that time there was such a combustion in the minde of the English who were at variance amongst themselves as that there was no appearance of thinking of any peace with strangers and forreigners Affairs being therefore thus embroyled at home his late Highness as then General seeing that in the Parliament the particular Interests overswayed the publick Good and that it was aparent all their drifts tended but to establish themselves into a perpetual Senate contrary to the ancient Customes and Liberties of England which require that Parliaments should have their successions and should onely be convocated from time to time and that therefore the members of the house wiredrawed Affairs by unnecessary Centestations which onely served to publish the designs and to retard the execution of them This our General I say who was designed by the Divine Providence to establish peace and tranquillity in England upon surer more sollid and more glorious Foundations entred the Parliament House accompanied by the Chief Officers of the Army and briefly represented unto them the Reasons why the Parliament ought to be dissolved which was also accordingly done The Speaker with the rest of the Members immediately departing the House some by force some through fear and others not without a great deal of reluctancy and murmuring No one living soul was aggrieved at this action neither was it so much as endeavoured to be questioned or redressed by any one all the world believing that in case the said change should bring no good with it at least it would not put Affairs in a worse predicament then they were so that the sovereign Senate was dissolved as you have heard and the power thereof was transferred into the hands of those who better deserved it since they acquired it by the points of their Swords and that they have since made appear that they knew how to use it with more prudence and moderation Nay the Parliament-men were even made so cheap unto the people that they became their reproach and obliquie and so were a consolation to the unfortunate who saw themselves revenged on them by those from whom they had least cause to suspect or expect it There was not so much as the least questioning nor censuring of the cause of this revolution but every one found it expedient according unto the several satisfactions which he thereby received or hoped for and as the Army was onely looked upon as Souldiers of fortune whom the necessity of the Affairs or the dangerous conjuncture of the times had enforced to take up Armes so that which was past and gone was not laid to their charge and the world could not choose but applaud them for what happened at present but expect from them for the future that generosity which the Millitary profession doth inspire into great courages as to this very day all men do enjoy
his Life as freely as he formerly had done for the peace and tranquility of their City and for the Liberty of England The Lord Major rode all the way bare-headed as also carried the City Sword drawn before his late Highness the Lord Protector By the one representing the Respect and Obedience of the City and by the other its Fidelity and Resolution to spill their Blood in the defence of the Peace of the State and for the preservation of the Life and new Dignity of his Highness The Streets were railed up and the several Companies of the City in their Liveries sate on both sides of the way with Streamers sticking up to distinguish each Company Moreover it is a thing worthy to be observed how that the Character which God doth imprint on the Forehead of those whom he hath designed to be his Vicegerents on Earth doth beget an astonishment and fear in the hearts of those where it cannot raise a respect but in the others both admiration and love so that on all sides the Divine Providence compasseth its Glory either by the means of its Justice or Mercy And thus you see his Highness the Lord Protector passing through this great City which was drawn up in Arms having his Head onely covered with Laurels and his guarded with a simple though resplendent morsel of Glory The one surrounding him to cover and protect him with her wings and the disarmed Justice which accompanied this great Heroes footsteps seemed to Lead a naked and fettered Mars by a silken thread And thus after his Highness had been most splendedly entertained by the City before he departed he conferred the Honour of Knighthood upon the Lord Major and left all the City filled with an admiration of his Heroick Vertues and with a general satisfaction of his candor and generousness their hopes being freighted with acclamations and good wishes No sooner was his late Highness settled in the Supreme degree of his Protectorship but just like the Sun elevated in a high sublime Sphere he begat an infinite number of malignant Exhalations which however were soon dissipated by his luster and resplendency and at the same time by his vertue he gave a life and being to all those glorious actions which knowing men did expect from his sage Government On the Eighteenth of February 1653. a most dangerous Conspiracy which was hatched by the Royalists was discovered several of the Conspirators were taken and sent to the Tower of London But his Highness willing to begin his Government by an Act of Clemency and to let the world see that the Grandor of his new Dignity did onely render him powerful to do good he pardoned the said Delinquents and caused them to be set at liberty Much about which time arrived Deputies from the several Counties and Shires as well of England Stotland and Ireland to congratulate his Highness happy Inauguration and to assure him of their fidelity and submission to his Commands all which his Highness received with a great deal of Candor and repaied them with Use to wit the establishing of good and salutary Orders for the Peace and Tranquility of the Commonwealth and each Member thereof in particular Nor did he forget to regulate the Spiritual Affairs and out of an infinite number of Opinions he begat a pleasant harmony the seeming dissonance and harshness whereof was onely unsavory to the ignorant and to such as had stopped their ears Mean while the Scots animated by several discontented persons here in England did levy an Army by Command from their King and began to take heart of grace again reassuming their former courage and hopes The Earls of Glencarne and Kenmore were at the Head of four thousand Horse and Foot joyning several other small parties which from all sides flocked down unto them But Collonel Morgan was so vigilant and active that before they could have time to Form a greater Body he marched with fifteen hundred Horse and Foot and on the seventh of February he arrived at Lough which was the Enemies appointed Rendezvouz where having charged them after a short but smart Fight he killed one hundred and fifty of them and defeated all the rest the Earl of Glencarne with much ado making his escape onely with forty Horse But all these small Bickerings and as it were shadows of War did onely serve as a foil to that most important and considerable Peace which both England and Holland was to reap at our Olivers hands When as most part of the Winter was well nigh passed over in this Negociation at London where the Hollanders had four Ambassadours who daily laboured to compass the same Two of them to wit the Lords Newport and Youngstall re-passed into Holland about the Moneth of February to communicate unto the High and Mighty Lords the States their Masters the Conclusion of the Treaty and to get them to ratifie the same On the third of March 1653 4. of the same Year they returned back again where they were received with all the pomp and state that could possibly be imagined and might demonstrate the Joy which the Merchants conceived of the happy effects of so happy a Reconciliation The next day they had Audience from his Highness where declaring the full powers they had from the Lords States to ratifie the said Peace which they had made they desired a speedy Cessation of Arms should be published on both sides and in conformity thereto on the fifth Day of April next ensuing the Articles of Peace were signed sealed and delivered on the behalf of both parties and were accordingly published and proclaimed to the general satisfaction of all men And his Highness the better to testifie the particular pleasure he took therein did most sumptuously treat the Holland Ambassadours witnessing unto them by his noble Noble treatment all the marks of Joy which might manifest and make good by his Conduct and Entertainment the old Motto of his Family That War hath no other end save to beget a Peace And as to the Affairs of Ireland his Highness by his good Orders and establishing the Natives in the Province of Cannaught which is in the heart of Ireland had settled all things so well in those parts as that the English needed not to fear any either abroad or at home and the Irish beginning to be sensible that the Yoke of a vigilant and absolute Protector was far more tollerable and to be preferred before the Servitude of a feeble and tottering multitude who onely heeding their own preservations and particular interests do abandon the People and their wellfares either to their own capriciousness or to the imbroils of ambitious and hot spirits who abusing of the Commonalties simplicity and sincerity run them headlong into Ruine But some enemies of the State perceiving that it was impossible to hinder the Earth from bringing forth of good fruits as long as it was animated by so sensible and feeling a warmth resolved to
to consult on their Business were seized with a Pannick fear and no one of their Enemies appearing or pursuing them they cryed out that they were betrayed and so betook themselves to their heels some one way some another in a confused manner So likewise did Collonel Lilburn send word out of Northumberland that they were busie in framing of a party there also but that they had dissipated themselves through their own Fears and Jealousies Finally in Yorkeshire Sir Henry Slingsby and Sir Richard Maleverer had also assembled some Forces to have seized the City of York having two Cart-loads of Ammunition with them but they dispersed themselves on their own accompt seeing but little appearance to succeed in their designe Sir Henry Slingsby was taken and Imprisoned and afterwards Beheaded upon another accompt The first party commanded by Wagstaff and Penruddock was defeated by Captain Vnton Crook at a place called South-melton some whereof were killed and others were taken who were Tried and Condemned and those which dyed of note were Mr. Lucas Thorpe Kensey Graves and Penruddock Sir Joseph Wagstaff had the hap to make his escape and to get away Moreover a little afterwards to rid the State of such like Incendiaries and Firebrands the several Prisons and Goals of England were delivered from the Royalists which were detained prisoners on the foregoing accompts who were sent away to the Plantations and Collonies in America In like manner the rest of the other risings before mentioned were quelled and dissipated which both struck a terror in those who had not as yet shewn themselves and restored peace and quietness to the State By this time the subtil Spaniard whose quaint policy doth for the most part hug the prosperous and destroy the miserable and distressed seeing that Fortune did daily more and more incline to favour his late Highness the Lord Protector that his Vigour and Force increased by opposition and that the sole resplendency of his glory dissipated all those fogs and mists which endeavoured to obscure it thought it meet to court England and to endeavour to engage this State in his interests in which was omitted no proffers which a Puissant Monarch could possibly make unto a Prince whose Power was but as it were in the bud and beginning to sprout forth To which purpose the Marquis of Leda arived at London in the quality of an extraordinary Ambassador to his late Highness where he was received with all the Demonstrations of Honour and Pomp. But his late Highness being over-sensible of all those gross injuries which the Spanish Nation for several years together have committed against the English and also against all Europe besides and being not willing to conforme his Maximes with the tyrannical and unjust principles of the Spaniards returned civil and ceremonious Answers to the said Ambassadors Proposals who returned back again very speedily with all sorts of contentment and satisfaction save onely to that which he chiefly expected and most of all insisted upon And England being at that present time in a peaceable posture the Almighty having Crowned his late Highness the Lord protector with several signal Victories and Deliverances of his person from an infinite number of Dangers his Highness thought he could not in a better wise express his acknowledgements for so many mercies then by the imploying of all his Care and Forces to oppose and beat down the Ambition nay I may justly say their Sacraledge and Impiety and Avarice of the Spaniards since it onely belongs to a God to Stile himself the Universal Monarch who at the expence and charge of an hundred thousand Murders and Devastations have rendred themselves Masters of the whole worlds Treasures And withall totally to extripate and root up the profound plots and devices which the Spaniards had long since laid in England to become Masters thereof or at least to breed divisions in it at their own pleasures Nor shall I need to enlarge upon the ambitious and cruel designes of that invincible Armado of Philip the Second which was to have invaded England and to have made it swim in its own Blood nor of those several entreagues and policies which Spain hath hatched in Ireland by assistances of men and monies as also by their several Conspiracies in England abusing of the Religion and blind zeal of some particular persons there I shall onely begin with Gundamore that arch Machiavilian Spanish Ambassador who had gained such a Credit and Power in the Court of England as that when he pleased he could dispose of the Lives of the greatest and best men in the State when he had discovered they were his Masters Enemies I shall onely instance in one that admirable personage Sir Walter Rawleigh who by reason he had undertaken to visit their Treasures in Hispaniola and had Committed some hostillities in those Seas in former time Gundamore never left importuning of King James whom he had in a manner bewitched till he had obtained his death and thus bereaved England of one of the great Politicians and Universallest men that ever this Isle brought forth leaving us a testimony of his vast knowledge and experience to wit his famous History of the World From hence his late Highness resolved to begin his just War against the proud Spaniard and to sacrifice to the memory of this great Captain and one of the most experienced Sea-men of all the World all the Spanish Blood which the valour of the noble English hath so generously by way of retaliation drawn and let out since his late Highness's expedition against them There are some friends with whom a man is forced to break off all friendship because they will be too much our friends that is because they over-act the part of friendship by prying too deep into our Affairs and Designes and by interesting themselves too far into the concernments of those who depend on us as that thereby they steal away their hearts from us and such like friends have the Spaniards been to England who buy their friendships at such cheap rates as that they feed those who side with them onely with imaginary speculations here on earth making them eternally miserable and with specious promises in the world to come which would be obtained at cheaper and more assured rates without the interposing of their Hippocritical and Ambitious trains But to return to our History again his late Highness whose Genius affected the greatest difficulties and the most extraordinary and rarest Designs fix'd his thoughts upon New Spain not to bereave them of their Treasures which are with more ease to be interrupted at their coming home but to revenge all Europe unto whom the Jealous humor of the Spaniards denies Traffique and Commerce into those parts having at all times exercised unheard of Cruelties and horrible Treacheries on such as were driven into those parts accidentally and forcibly by storms and tempests or such as were by themselves under the notion
And now into her lap the richest Prize Fell with the Noblest of our Enemies The Marquis glad to see the fire destroy Wealth that prevailing Foes were to enjoy Out from his flaming Ship his Children sent To perish in a milder Element Then laid him by his burning Ladies side And since he could not save her with her dy'd Spices and Gums about them melting fry And Phenix-like in that rich nest they dye Death bitter is for what we leave behinde But taking with us all we love is kinde VVhat could he more then hold for term of life His Indian Treasure and his more priz'd VVife Alive in flames of equal Love they burn'd And now together are to ashes turn'd Ashes more worth then all their Funerals cost Then the huge Treasure which was with them lost These dying Lovers and their floating Sons Suspend the Fight and silence all our Guns Beauty and Youth about to perish findes Such noble pitty in brave English mindes That the rich Spoil neglecting and the Prize All labour now to save their Enemies How frail our Passion 's how soon changed are Our wrath and fury to a friendly care They that but now to gain the Spanish Plate Made the Sea blush with Blood forget their Hate And their young Foes while sinking they retrive VVith greater danger then they fought they dive VVith these returns Victorious Mountague VVith Laurel in his hands and half Perue Let the brave General divide that bough Our great Protector hath such Wreaths enough His conquering Head hath no more room for Bayes Then let it be as the whole Nation prayes Let the rich Oare forthwith be melted down And the State fixt by making him a Crown VVith Ermins clad and Purple let him hold A Royal Scepter made of Spanish Gold Take the particulars of the Fight briefly thus The Spaniards were seven in number richly laden about nine Leagues from Cadiz coming from the West Indies one whereof was burnt another sunk two run aground two were taken one got away with a Portugal Prize In the ship that was burnt was the Marquis of Badex his Wife and one Daughter In one of the ships taken was the young Marquis his Brother and another Sister who was set on shore in Spain The two Brothers were brought to England with a great deal of wealth And amongst these Victories which were gained at Sea against the Spaniards since the breach of the Peace that which was obtained by General Blake at Sancta Cruza in the Island of Teneriff on the twentieth day of April 1657. was none of the least in which Port there was sixteen great Vessels burnt and sunk by the English and the Spaniards Forts and Castles of the Isle amidst which there were five or six great Gallions the Admiral Vice-Admiral and Rere-Admiral the greatest part whereof were mounted with Brass Ordnance and laden some with rich merchandizes from the Indies and the others with provisions and other manufactures to be transported thither equipied in ample manner both with Soldiers and Mariners All which having their Flags Ensignes and Streamers flying were set upon by the English who in less then four hours time destroyed them all without the loss of above sixty men the greatest part of which were killed by the Musquet shot which played from the shoar But in lieu of them the English with their Cannon killed a great number of the Spaniards in their Breast-works and Forts Wherefore his late Highness who never recompensed vertuous and magnanimous actions which bare praise sent a civil Letter of thanks to General Blake with a Diamond Ring valued at five hundred pounds and gave the Captain that brought the news one hundred pound for a present Moreover according to his accustomed Piety be ordained a day of publick Prayer and Thanksgiving to be set apart to return all Thanks Acknowledgements Praise and Glory to the Almighty for this so happy and signal a success and to supplicate his Divine Bounty to bestow frequent and like Blessings upon the English Armadoes and Land Forces But the Sea being a Theater or Stage too unstable for so settled a valour and constant aFortune the traces and marks which she receives of Combates and Victories are too soon worn out and scare leave unto History and to the memory of men wherewith to raise Monuments erect Triumphs and to transmit unto posterity the truth of things and although that vertue be the more glorious by how much the greater dangers it assails and surmounts yet however as a flight is more easily made by Sea then by Land where seldome men fight at hand-blows we have reason to give the first praise and honour to that Element which first brought us forth and whence we reap the most beneficial necessaries towards our subsistence In like manner his late Highness's solid policy was imployed on such solid foundations where it might lay deep rooting and spread its large branches far and near without the apprehension of being sapped or dug up The French therefore being desirous to be revenged for their ill success at Valenchenes resolved the next summer to assault Montmedy a strong Frontier seated upon a Rock but being not strong enough to keep the Spaniards in play in Flanders they separated part of their Army to prosecute the said siege and the English began to make their first landing in Flanders Sir John Reynolds was chosen by his late Highness to command the Body of the English Forces consisting in six thousand Foot who happily landed in Picardy about the latter end of May. And that it may not seem to be a digression from my subject I shall omit the particularizing of the siege and the taking of Montmedy and shall onely tell you that the Marshal De la Ferte who carried on that siege was not at all incommodated by the Enemy from without during the whole siege nor durst the Spaniard ever set upon the French Army thereby to attempt the relief of that place And although it would be a piece of injustice to dispoil that war-like nation of their glory yet all men know that their Army wanted Foot extreamly that Summer but the English foot which we must confess is the best in all Europe being joyned to their Cavalrie which also excel all others there had not a more resolute and gallant Army been seen in France for many years together And here by the way take notice of the Installment of his late Highness in the Protectorship which was on this manner viz. On the twentieth day of the moneth of June in the year of our Lord God 1657. being appointed for the Installment of his late Highness the Lord Protector a large and spacious place was raised at the upper end of Westminster-Hall under the great window in the midst whereof a Rich Cloath of State was set up and under it a Chair of State was placed upon an ascent of two degrees covered with Carpets before which stood a Table with a
Chair appointed for the Speaker of the Parliament On each side of the Hall upon the said Structure there were seats raised one above each other and decently covered for the Members of the Parliament and below them there were Seats made for the Judges of the Land on the one side and for the Aldermen of the City on the other side About two of the Clock in the afternoon his Highness met the Parliament in the Painted Chamber and passed such Bills as were presented to him after which they went in order to the place appointed in Westminster-Hall his Highness being entred on the place and standing under the Cloath of State Mr. Speaker did in the Name of the Parliament present several things which lay ready on the Table unto his Highness viz. A Robe of Purple Velvet lined with Ermines being the habit anciently used at the solemn Investure of Princes next a large Bible richly Gilt and Bossed and lastly a Scepter of massie Gold which being thus presented Mr. Speaker came from his Chair took the Robe and therewith vested his Highness being assisted by the Earl of Warwick the Lord Whitlock and by others which being done the Bible was delivered to his Highness after which Mr. Speaker girt about him the Sword and finally delivered his Highness the Scepter which being thus performed Mr. Speaker returned to his Chair and administred the Oath to his Highness which had been prepared by the Parliament for him to take His Highness standing thus adorned in Princely State Mr. Manton by prayer recommended his Highness Forces by Sea and Land the whole Government and People of these Nations to the blessing and protection of God Almighty After which the people gave several shouts and the Trumpets sounding his Highness sate down in the Chair of State holding the Scepter in his hand and whilst his Highness thus sate a Herald of Arms stood aloft making a signal to a Trumpet to sound three times after which by direction and Authority of Parliament he did there publish and proclaim his Highness Oliver Lord Cromwel Lord Protector of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions thereto belonging Hereupon the Trumpets ' sounded again and the People gave several Acclamations with loud shouts crying God save the Lord Protector After a little pause the Ceremony being ended his Highness saluting the Ambassadors and publick Ministers proceeded thence in his Princely Habit the Train whereof was borne up by six noble persons and passed through the Hall into the Palace-yard the Earl of Warwick carrying the sword before him where his Highness entred into his Coach attended by his Life-guards and Halberdeirs the Officers of State the Lord Major and Aldermen all which waited on his Highness back to White-Hall the whole Ceremony having been managed with State and Magnificence suitable to so high and happy a Solemnity But to return to our History again toward the end of the Summer therefore the united Forces of England and France took the Fort of Mardike whereof Major General Morgan took possession for the English as the earnest of further Conquests The Spaniard hereupon conceived all the fears and jealousies which so dangerous a neighbour-hood might justly cause which obliged them in the following moneth to resolve vigorously to assault the place and to carry it by force But they were received with so much vigour by the English as that they were manfully beaten off and constrained to retire with a great loss of their men and of several Officers of note But the joy of these successes were moderated by the death of Admiral Blake a person who had so well deserved of England as that he may be justly intituled its Neptune at the same time when as his Highness was its Jupiter and Mars who caused him to be buried with all the Demonstrations of Honour due to his high demerits He came within sight of Plimouth onely to give up the Ghost and received this satisfaction at his death to have bestowed all the Moments of his life on that Element which had given him so much glory just like unto Moley Moluch that Illustrious King of Fess who at the Article of Death caused himself to be carried in a Litter into his Camp where he expired in the middle of the Battel as he was exhorting his Soldiers and gained the Victory In like manner dyed General Blake in the midst of his famous Combats and Victories regretted by all England and his late Highness who had alwayes an especial care to cause those honours to be rendred to such great persons as were due to their demerits would have him stately interred as the Earl of Essex had been before but General Blakes body was onely brought with a Naval Pomp by Water in State on the Thames from Greenwich to Westminster as being a more suitable Ceremony to his imployment and was there buried in Henry the Seventh's famous Chappel Now the Spaniards disgusted at the firme footing the English had both gotten and kept at Mardike conceiving that against the next Spring it might give them a greater in-let in Flanders deemed they had best to endeavour the driving of them thence betimes before they should be too well settled and established there they resolved to assault them again and accordingly did set upon them very vigorously and resolutely with a party very considerable commanded by the pretended Princes of England and the Marquis of Coracene but the English defended themselves so manfully and stoutly as that the Spaniards began to judge that as the French are good at taking of places so the English were constant in keeping and defending them insomuch as that my Dons were forced to return by weeping cross to Dunkirk and take their last farewell of Mardike For they might very well have perceived by the business of St. Venant that the English were as good at the one as at the other when as the Spaniards having besieged Ardres the English supposed that their advance into France was onely to retard their progress into Flanders gave so resolute an assault to St. Venant as that they carryed the place and had the sole honour of it and immediately marching towards Ardres they drove away the Spaniards then with so much courage and resolution as amazed the French Wherefore this latter part of the season having been imployed in sowing the seeds of those Laurels which they were to reap in the next years expedition in Flanders His late Highness recollected himself to establish Peace and Tranquility in England and to settle the foundation of a happy and glorious Government And deeming that he could not more justly confer the eminent dignities of the Land save upon those who together with their blood had sucked from him the seeds and buds both of Military and Politick Vertues he created his younger son the Lord Henry Cromwel Lord Deputy of Ireland who hath alwayes and doth still behave himself with so much conduct and applause in
and that the Conflict which they produce in a Soul is capable to turn the edge of the keenest weapons which are opposed to their resistance and to make the fairest champain Field become a parched barren plat of Ground But what need we to seek external Causes in a Death which brought along such violent ones with it a Cardinal of Richelieu who was one of the best Tempers and Constitutions in the world did fall under the burthen of the Anxieties and Agitations of the Mind The scabbard as the Proverb saith being worn out by the sharpness of the blade must of necessity finde a vent And how could it otherwise chuse that a Man who for the space of ten or twelve years together had opposed himself to all the Injuries both of Time and of War should not at length fall under the activeness of a soul which seldom gave him any rest which governed and directed the Reins of three restive Kingdoms unaccustomed to the noble and famous Trappings of a Military Government and who moreover was to direct and guide the Consciences as well as the Bodies of Men and their Reasons as well as their Wills It had not been considerable had the Interest of England onely required that his Cares had been limitted within the Pales which the Sea prescribes to her Precincts But as the cause of the Disease was from abroad and that from the Closets of the Escurial the Spaniards had imployed their false Piety as well as their Peru Gold to discover and molest the repose of England so fire and flame was to be applied without and it was necessary to penetrate into the very secret causes of the evils The People of the Cities of the Continent were to be disabused and the Soldiery were to be overcome in open field The Mines of Mexico were to be looked into and the extent of that Ambition was to be curtailed which boasts it self both to see the Sun set and rise These were vaste imployments indeed of a large activity to run through these undertakings the fervor of them was scorching and although the Heavens did second these lawful Designes with all its Graces yet it could not without a Miracle and without destroying the secondary Causes hinder the separation of a Soul from a Body which it had so often employed and so efficaciously seconded the grand Affairs both of State and War for the Peace Glory and Tranquillity of three Nations Wherefore Nature it self did witness her grief some two or three dayes before by an extraordinary Tempest and violent gust of weather insomuch that it might have been supposed that her self had been ready to dissolve or that the Master-piece of Nature suffered a violent agitation And as the Death of the Sun of Righteousness was foretold by an Eclipse of the Sun which covered the surface of the whole Earth with Darkness In like manner at the death of the People of Englands Hercules both Force and Nature were let loose to shake the very Elements and by the reuniting of their violence like unto those who are ready to give up the Ghost to leave some marks of an extream dissolution all which is so lively set forth by the quaintest Wit of these times as that I shall not inlarge any further upon this observation but shall onely content my self to repeat unto you his Verses who expresseth it more elegantly and copiously then my rough Prose can possibly reach to Upon the late Storm and his Highness death ensuing the same We must resign Heaven his great soul doth claim In Storms as loud as his immortal fame His dying groans his last breath shakes our Isle And Trees uncut fall for his Funeral Pile About his Palace there broad roots were tost Into the Air so Romulus was lost New Rome in such a tempest mist their King And from obeying fell to worshipping On Aetna's top thus Hercules lay dead With ruin ' Oaks and Pines about him spread Those his last fury from the Mountain rent Our dying Hero from the continent Ravish whole Towns and Forts from Spaniards reft As his last Legacy to Brittain left The Ocean which so long our hopes confin'd Could give no limits to his vaster minde Our bounds inlargement was his latest toil Nor hath he left us Prisoners to our Isle Vnder the Tropick is our Language spoke And port of Flanders hath receiv'd our Yoke From Civil Broyls he did us disingage Found nobler objects for our Martial rage And with wise conduct to his Countrey shew'd Their ancient way of conquering abroad Vngrateful then it were no tears allow To him that gave us peace and Empire too Princes that fear'd him grieve concern'd to see No Pitch of glory from the Grave is free Nature her self took notice of his death And sighing swell'd the Sea with such a breath That to remotest shores her billows rould The approaching fate of their Great Ruler told And truly I had need of all Parnassus his art to sweeten and mollifie the bitterness of this death which causeth my pen to fall to the ground and would cast up my Muse into a pittiful swound did not all the rest of the Muses come to her aid and sprinkle her with some of that divine Water which nourisheth her to make her revive again and to restore her to her strength to announce to posterity the time the day and the manner when and how his late Highness our great Oliver breathed his last After his late Highness had therefore been sick about a fortnight of a Disease which at the beginning was but an Ague on a Friday being the third of September 1658. in the Morning he gave all the signs of a dying person and for whom the Physicians had onely Vows and Prayers in reserve However he remained in that manner till about three of the Clock in the afternoon when as his Soul which had alwayes retained the upper hand of his Body preserved her Empire till the last moment he had alwayes his wits about him and his perfect and intire understanding and continued to deliver those Oracles which were necessary to establish after so great a loss the Peace and Tranquility of England and immediately to repair the ruines which so dangerous a dissolution had threatned the State withall and might cause in the mindes of every particular person His greatest and most important care was to name a Protector to be his successor which he did with Reasons so little savouring of his own interests and worldly concernments as that he testified that being not content to have sacrificed himself for the common good by the shortning of his dayes he was willing to consecrate his Children thereunto by the lading of them with the heavy burden of those weighty mysteries which may well be termed a Royal and Gilt Servitude Which succession was so necessary to the Peace and Tranquility of the State that the Common-wealth and the Elective Kingdoms are constrained to imitate it and the successive
the Spirit hath no other relief but that of Grace and Reason This his preservation was also an effect of his Prayers which he had chosen with a great deal of prudence out of the holy Writs He caused one of his Gentlemen often to read the tenth Chapter of Matthew's Gospel and twice a day himself rehearsed the 71. Psalm of David which hath so near a relation to his Fortune and to his Affairs as that one would believe it had been a Prophesie purposely dictated by the holy Ghost for him or else that this great Personage was a Mortal Figure of that great Favourite of God who hath done so many marvellous things with such slender beginnings passing through so many obstacles difficulties and dangers so likewise was it very just that he should enter into the eternal Rest on the like day wherein he had undergone such great and glorious Labours and Dangers and that he should triumph over Death even in his weakness at the like time wherein he had overcome her at her fullest strength and greatest advantages This conformity happened unto him as well as to several other great Personages of the Earth but by such observable and reiterated notable actions as that it is void of all doubt but the Heavens had foretold by the Stars which are the Looking-glasses and Rule of all famous Mens Lives the Events of our glorious Protectors successes To instance in some Alexander the Great was born on the sixth day of April on the like day the famous Temple of Diana at Ephesus was burnt presaging that fire which this Conqueror should kindle in Asia On a sixth day of April he overcame Darius King of Persia in a Battle and on the like day he departed this life whereunto there may be added that his Birth was preceded by a famous Victory which the Greeks his Subjects obtained on a sixth day of April against the Persians hard by Plutea and by a Naval Combat which also happened the same day So likewise Pompey was born and triumphed on a like day to wit the thirtieth of the Moneth of September Charles the Fifth the Emperour had also such like observable Encounters he was born on a twenty fourth of February and being twenty four years old on the like day he obtained a great Victory in which a great King was taken prisoner And on a twenty fourth day of February he was crowned Emperour by the Pope But not to look any further then our own Countrey and into our own Histories It is observed that his late Highness our present Lord Protector Richard was Installed in his Protectorship on the like day being a third day of September when as Richard the First that Famous King of England so much spoken of in the Histories by reason of his great Wit Understanding and Resolution began his Reign an accident which cannot choose but promise a most favourable Omen and good Token In like manner his late Highness had more favourable and famous dayes encountring together then any of those foregoing Worthies which we have specified For on a third of September he was confirmed in his Protectorship by the Parliament On a third of September he gained in Scotland that famous Battel of Dunbar On a third of September he gained that great Battel at Worcester And Finally on a third of September his glorious life was Crowned with a peaceable and resolved death in the midst of all his Triumphs in his Palace at White-hall with all the comforts which good hopes could give in his posterity both to his Children and to the Companions of his Fortune The Corps of his late Highness having been Embalmed and wrapped up in a sheet of Lead was on the six and twentieth of September about ten of the Clock at night privately removed from White-hall to Sommerset-house being onely attended by his own Domestick Officers and Servants as the Lord Chamberlain and Comptroller of the Houshold the Gentlemen of the Life-guard the Guard of Halberdiers and divers other Officers and Servants two Heralds of Arms went next before the Corps which was placed in a morning Hearse drawn by six Horses in which manner it was carried to Sommerset-House where it remained for some dayes in private untill things were in a readiness to expose it in State to a publick view which was performed with the following order and Solemnity The first Room at Sommerset-House where the Spectators entred was formerly the Presence Chamber compleatly hung with Black at the upper end whereof was placed a Cloth of State with a Chair of State under the same The second large Room was formerly the Privy Chamber hung with Black with a Cloth and Chair of State under the same The third Room was formerly the Withdrawing Room hung with BlackCloth had a Cloth and Chair of State in it as the former all which three large Rooms were compleatly furnished with Scutcheons of his Highness Arms crowned with the Imperial Crown and at the head of each Cloth of State was fixed a large majestique Scutcheon fairly painted and gilt upon Taffity The fourth Room where both the Corps and the Effigies did lye was compleatly hung with Black Velvet and the Roof was cieled with Velvet and a large Canopy or Cloth of State of black Velvet fringed was plated over the Effigies made to the life in Wax The Effigies it self being apparel'd in a rich suit of uncut Velvet robed in a little Robe of Purple Velvet laced with a rich Gold Lace and furr'd with Ermins upon the Kirtle was the Royal large Robe of the like purple Velvet laced and furred with Ermins with rich strings and tassels of Gold the Kirtle being girt with a rich embroidered Belt wherein was a fair Sword richly gilt and hatch'd with Gold hanging by the side of the Effigies In the right hand was the Golden Scepter representing Government in the left hand the Globe denoting Principality upon the Head a purple Velvet Cap furr'd with Ermins signifying Regality Behinde the Head there was placed a rich Chair of State of tissued Gold and upon the Cushion which lay thereon was placed an Imperial Crown set with precious Stones The Body of the Effigies lay upon a Bed of State covered with a large Pall of black Velvet under which there was spread a fine Holland Sheet upon six stools of tissued Cloth of Gold on the sides of the Bed of State was placed a rich suit of compleat Armour representing his late Highness Command as General at the Feet of the Effigies stood his Crest according to the custom of ancient Monuments The Bed of State whereupon the Effigies did thus lie was ascended unto by two steps covered with the aforesaid Pall of Velvet the whole work being compassed about with Rails and Ballasters covered with Velvet at each corner whereof there was placed an upright Pillar covered with Velvet upon the tops whereof were the four Supporters of the Imperial Arms bearing Banners or Streamers Crowned The Pillars
concerning the Government of his Estates and touching the interests of other Princes as without the entring into their Cabinets or partaking of their Counsels he discoursed very pertinently of their Affairs and foretold their several issues and events He likewise was an excellent Phisionomer and having once seriously considered any one he was seldome deceived in the opinion he conceived of him He married into the ancient and noble family of the Bourchers whence the Earls of Essex were descended his marriage bed was blessed with many Children none of which did ever degenerate from the eminent vertues of their most Illustrious Father His eldest son named Ricard hath succeeded him in the Protectorship his younger son named Henry being at this time Lord Lieutenant of Ireland both of them capable to follow their Fathers glorious footsteps and to perfect and crown such hopeful promising though difficult beginnings their Father having as it were divided shared and left by inheritance unto their youth swelling with marvellous hopes that most exquisite Quintessence of two great Talents which he had acquired by his age and by his experience so that the one of his sons may be stiled the Jupiter and the other the Mars of England He had four Daughters all of them Ladies of a most eminent and vertuous disposition The Lady Bridget first married unto the Lord Ireton in his life time Lord Deputy of Ireland a Personage of sublime worth and afterwards espoused unto the Lord Fleetwood sometimes Lord Deputy of Ireland and at present Lieutenant General of all his Highness Forces The Lady Elizabeth his second Daughter married unto the Lord Cleypoll and dyed a little before her Father of whom we shall speak hereafter The third the Lady Mary espoused unto the Lord Viscount Faulconbridge And the youngest the Lady Frances at present widow of the Lord Robert Rich Grandchilde to the late Earl of Warwick Nor did the change of his late Highness Fortunes in the least decline or diminish the tenderness and affection which he ever bare towards the worthy Mother of so numerous and hopeful an issue and that absolute power which he had over all his Dominions never gave him the least desire to captivate any heart save that which God had given him in marriage And that which is the most to be admired at and seems to be the summe of all bliss is that the Almighty lent his late Highness so much life as to see all his Children disposed to the most gallant personages and allied to the most Illustrious Families of England which are as so many props of his Fortune and Fences against the enviers of his Vertue He was an enemy to vain gloriousness ostentation and although he was all as it were fire that is of a passionate constitution yet he had so overcome his passions that he was seldome or never moved but when there was a great cause given so likewise was he more subject to repress and keep in then to give way to his passion The actions of his body denoted those of his minde his actions were in a manner without motion and without any forcings of the body in like manner his minde was not at all agitated nor his expressions precipitated sweetness and tranquillity accompanied his thoughts and his words but when there was occasion to carry a business he expressed himself with so much vigour as gave to understand that he was not easily to be disswaded from the thing he had once resolved In like manner during the whole course of the War he never harboured the least thought of changing of parties And as for Ambition which is the onely passion whereof envy it self seems to accuse him the effects thereof were so inconfiderable and unnecessary unto him nay so unpleasing and unwelcome and which is more he so often refused the pomps delights and grandours which were profered him that all the world must needs confess that where Nature could claim so small an interest the master and directer of Nature must needs have had a great share Wherefore we may aver with a great deal of reason That in case he hath hoorded and laid up Treasures it hath been in the Intrals of the Poor of all Sexes and of all Nations of all Professions and Religions both at home and abroad insomuch that it hath been computed that out of his own private instinct particular Motions and pious Compassion he distributed at least forty thousand pounds a year in Charitable Uses out of his own purse out of such Moneys as the Commonwealth did allow him for his Domestique Expences and for the maintenance of his State and the Dignity of his Person Family and the keeping up the splendour of his Court. And the better to illustrate this matter we shall insert an Essay of two examples of Generosity and Gratitude which are not to be parallel'd save in the persons of Thomas Lord Cromwell his late Highness's predecessor in Henry the Eighth's Reign and in the person of his late Highness Oliver Lord Protector In those glorious dayes when the English young Gentry endeavored to out-vie their elder Brothers by undertaking far and dangerous journies into Forreign parts to acquire glory by feats of Arms and experiencing themselves in the Military Discipline Thomas Cromwel a younger Brother to better his knowledge in Warlike Affairs passed into France and there trailed a Pike accompanying the French Forces into Italy where they were defeated at Gattellion whereupon our English Volantier betook himself to Florence designing to pass thence home again into England but having loft all his equipage and being in a necessitated condition he was enforced to address himself to one Signior Francisco Frescobald an Italian Merchant who corresponded at London and making his case known unto him Frescobald observing something remarkable and a certain promising greatness in the Features Actions and Deportment of Thomas Cromwel who gave an account of himself with so candid an ingenuity and in such terms as beseemed his Birth and the Profession he then was of whereby he gained so much upon Frescobald as inviting him home to his house he caused him to be accommodated with new Linnen and Clothes and other sutable necessaries kindly entertaining him till such time as he testified a desire to return for England when as to compleat his Generosity and Kindeness he gave Mr. Thomas Cromwell a Horse and sixteen Duccats in gold to prosecute his journey homewards In process of time several disasters and Bankrupts befalling Signior Frescobald his Trading and Credit was not a little thereby impaired and reflecting on the Moneys which were due unto him by his Correspondents in England to the value of 15000. Duccats he resolved to pass thither and try whether he could happily procure payment During which interval of time Mr. Thomas Cromwell being a person endowed with a great deal of Courage of a transcendent Wit hardy in his undertakings and a great Politician had by these his good qualities gotten himself
Letters the most exquisite that are in any Language by Mr. Robert Lovedey who was the late admired Translator of the Volumes of the famed Romance Cleopatra Published by his dear Brother Mr. A. L. 15. The so long expected Work the New World of English Words or a general Dictionary containing the Terms Etymologies Definitions and perfect Interpretations of the proper signification of hard English words throughout the Arts and Sciences Liberal or Mechanick as also other subjects that are useful or appertain to the Language of our Nation to which is added the signification of Proper Names Mythology and Poetical Fictions Historical Relations Geographical Descriptions of the Countreys and Cities of the World especially of these three Nations wherein their chiefest Antiquities Battels and other most memorable Passages are mentioned by E. P. 16 A learned Comentary on Psalm the fifteenth by that Reverend and Eminent Divine Mr. Christopher Cartwright Minister of the Gospel in York to which is prefixed a brief account to the Authors life and of his Work by R. Bolton 17. The way to Bliss in three Books being a learned Treatise of the Philosophers Stone made publique by Elias Ashmole Esq 18. Wit restored in several Select Poems not formerly publisht by Sir John Mennis Mr. Smith and others 19. The Modern Assurancer the Clerks Directory containing the Practick Part of the Law in the exact Forms and Draughts of all manner of Presidents for Bargains and Sales Grants Feoffements Bonds Bills Conditions Covenants Jointures Indentures c. And all other Instruments and Assurances now in use by John Hern. 20. Naps upon Parnassus A sleepy Muse nipt and pincht though not awakened Such voluntary and Jovial Coppies of Verses as were lately received from some of the WITS of the Universities in a Frolick dedicated to Gondibert's Mistress by Captain Jones and others c. 21. The compleat Midwife's Practice in the high and weighty Concerments of Mankinde the second Edition corrected and enlarged with a full Supply of such most useful and admirable Secrets which Mr. Nicholas Culpeper in his brief Treatise and other English Writers in the Art of Midwifry have hitherto wilfully passed by kept cose to themselves or wholly omitted by T. Chamberlaine M. P. 22. America Painted to the Life the History of the Conquest and first Original undertakings of the advancement of the Plantations in those Parts with an exquisite Map by F. Gorges Esquire 23. Culpeper's School of Physick or the Experimental Practice of the whole Art so reduced either into Aphorismes or choice and tried Receipts that the free-born Students of the three Kingdoms may in this Method finde perfect wayes for the operation of such Medicines so astrologically and Physically prescribed as that they may themselves be competent judges of the Cures of their Patients by N. C. 24. Blagrave's admirable Ephemerides for the Year 1659. 25. History and Policy Reviewed in the Heroick transactions of his most Serene Highness Oliver late Lord Protector declaring his steps to Princely Perfection drawn in lively Parallels to the Ascents of the great Patriarch Moses to the height of 30 degrees of Honor by H. D. Esq 26. J. Cleaveland Revived Poems Orations Epistles and other of his Genuine Incomparable Pieces never before Publisht 27. England's Worthies Select Lives of the most eminent Persons of the three Nations from Constantine the Great to these times by W. Winstanly 28. The History of the Life and Death of his most Serene Highness Oliver late Lord Protector Wherein from his Cradle to his Tomb are impartially transmitted to Posterity the most weighty Transactions forreign or Domestique that have happened in his Time either in Matters of Law Proceedings in Parliaments or others Affairs in Church or State by S. Carrington 29. The right Lozenges publickly sold by Edmund Buckworth in St. Katherines Court for Coughs and Consumption of the Lungs c. are to be had at Nath. Brook's and John Grismond's in Ivy-lane and at no other place FINIS His Highness Birth and Parentage Lingua the Combate of the Sences His excellent qualifications The first Engagement The Treasure of the University sailed on A remarkable expedition The Battell of Marston Moor. His Highness admirable management of the Bartell at Nazeby The Victory of Preston in Lancashire The Monarchiall Government changed into a Common Wealth Forces sent into Ireland General Cromwell goes for Ireland and arrives there in August 1649. Drogedah in Ireland besieged The Common-wealth prepares to war against the Scots His late Highness made Generalissimo of the Common-wealths Armies A Manifest concerning the Scotch warre The Bâ—â—…teâ—… of Dunia gainte by the English Lieth taken Edinborâ—ugh taken The besieging of Edinborough Castle The good successe of the Naval Forces under General Blake Prince Ruperts Fleet ruined A Declaration for the security of the Soldiers The reducing the Isle of Scilly Blacknâ—sse taken by Coloâ—el Monk The Scots unitâ— A Plot discovered Major General Harrison sent to the North. Mr. Love Gibbons beheaded The Scotch army compleated refuse to fight Colonel Overton passes into Fife Major General Lambert passes into Fife 4000 Scots defeated by the English Brunt Isleland surrendred St. Johns Town surrendred The Scots enter England by Carlisle The English follow Colonel Monk with 7000 men reduceth all Scotland The Earle of Darby defeated Worcester Fight The Scots defeated at Worcester The remaining Nobility of Scotland seised and sent into England The Isle of Jersey attempted Jersey and all the Castles taken The Isle of Man attempted and reduced Guernsâ—y Castle surrendred The death of two famous Persons in England An Act of Parliament concerning the Importation and exportation of Goods Merchandises A Rupture with Holland caused The first Sea-fight with the Hollander May 52. Open War with Holland The Hollanders Fishermen destroyed in the North. A Holland Fleet destroyed by Sir Geo. Askue The Plimouth fight with the Dutch Six Hollanders Ships taken by Gen. Blake Six more taken by Captain Penne. A French Fleet taken by Gen. Blake The Kentish Knock a fight with the Hollanders Two Ambassadors arrive in England Severall passages between the English the Danes The Antelope Frigate lost 20 Holland Barques and 2 Men of War taken Another Sea Fight betwixt the English the Hollander in December A Fight between the English and the Hollander near the Isle of Wight Portland The Phenix regained A second Sea-fight in the Levant between the English and the Dutch A Portugal Ambassadour obtains Peace French Deputations sent to England Deputations concerning a peace with Holland The â—…ong Parliament dissolved The Lord General Cromwel and his Councells Manifest for the dissolving the Parliament A Declaration for settling a Councel of State A Fight between the English and the Dutch on the North Foreland The Dutch worsted and many Ships taken The Hollanders pursued and blocked up in their own Ports A Parliament called by General Cromwel The Generals Speech to the Members The Instrument of Government delivered to the