to putte the Kyng and Realme in some good hope of reliefe and deliuerance out of suche oppressions as were opened vnto him in the face of the whose councell dyd not onely promise largely but also caused diuers priuiledges to be maâ⦠and delyuered vnto the sayd Ambassadors very fauourably in the behalfe of their request But yet the same notwithstanding sith the breaking vp of the ââ¦ayâ⦠generall Counsell and returne of the Ambassadors many things were done to the eââ¦reasing and continuation of the foââ¦er griefes so that they stoode in doubt of further oppressions to followe rather than in hope of the promised redresse Herevpon they concluded est soones to write vnto the Pope and to the Cardinals to thâ⦠name of the King of the Byshops and Prelates of the Earles Barons and other estates of the Temporaltie and of the Abbots and Priors In the mean time the Pope for a while somewhat relented in the poynt of bestowing benefices here in England for when any of his friends or kinsmen was to hee prefeâ⦠to any benefice within this Realme hee would sue to the Kyng for his graunt and good wil that suche one might be admitted and not seeme of himselfe to graunte it without the Kings consent The Earle of Sauoy in the presence of then Archbyshop of Caunterbury The Earle of Sauoye doth homage to the Kyng of Englande and the Bishoppe of Hereford and others did homage to the Kyng of England acknowledging to holde of him certayne fees as those of Suse Auillian S. Marrice de Chablais and the Castell of Bard whych hee might well doe not preiudicing the righte of the Empire sith hee helde nothing of the same Empire except Aigues and the passages This yeare the office of Earle Marshall was giuen to Roger Bigod Earle of Northfolke Roger Bigod entitled to the office of Earle Marshall in right of hys wife the Countesse that was eldest daughter vnto the greate Earle William Marshall Moreouer this yeare the King holding hys Easter at London Math. Paris Harold King of Man Welchmen receyued to the Kyngs peace vpon their submission honored Harolde Kyng of Man with the order of Knighthoode Aboute the same time diuers noble menne of Wales submitted themselues and were receyued to the Kyngs peace On Saint Markes daye was great frost and snow which nipped the leaues of trees and hearves in suche extreame wise that for the more parte they withered and faded away Furthermore bycause that the Pope vnderstoode that dyuers riche beneficed men were of late dead in Englande intestate as Roberte Hayles the Archdeacon of Lincolne Almerike the Archdeacon of Bedforde and Iohn de Hotospe Archdeacon of Northhampton he ordeyned a decree that all suche spirituall persons as dyed Intestate A decree of the Pope theyr goodes should remayne to the Pope The execution of whyche decree hee commaunded to the Friers Preachers and Minors but the Kyng woulde not suffer it to take place bycause hee sawe that it shoulde redounde to the preiudice of him and his Kyngdome Also where the Pope required a talage of the Cleargie the King forbad it by his letters inhibitorie In this mean while William Powrie Chaplayne and sir Henry de Lamere Knight whych were sente with the seconde letters deuised in the late Parliament as you haue heard to be preferred vnto the Pope and Cardinals returned agayne without obteyning any towardly answer but rather as they declared they founde the Pope sharp and rough as thus the Kyng of England which nowe kicketh against the Church and beginneth to play Frederickes part hath his Councell and so likewise haue I whiche I intende to followe other aunswere coulde they not obteyne Agayne the Englishmen that were sutors in the Court of Rome were strangely vsed and could not get any dispatche in their businesse but were rather put backe as Scismatikes and with rebukes reuiled Hervpon the King called a Parliamente at Winchester to haue the aduice of hys Lordes in this matter A proclamation inhibiting money to be sent to the Pope where howsoeuer they agreed Proclamation was immmediately set foorth and published in euery shire and Countie through the Realme that no man should consent to the Popes contribution nor sende any money out of the Realme to his ayde When the Pope hearde of this hee wrote very sharply to the Byshops commaunding them on payne of excommunication and suspension to satisfie his Nuncio remayning at the newe Temple in London before the feast of the Assumption of our Lady And where as the Kyng minded to haue stoode in the matter through threates of his brother the Earle of Cornewall and of certayne Prelates namely the Bishop of Worcetor who had authoritie as was sayde to interdite the lande hee yeelded and suffred the Pope to haue his will to the greate griefe and discomforte of many A sore tempest of Hayle On Saint Margarets daye there fortuned a maruellous sore tempest of hayle rayne Thunder and lightning whyche beeyng vniuersall through the Realme did muche hurt and continued the space of sixteene houres togither without ceassing This yeare sundry noble personages departed thys worlde Isabel the Kings mother departeth thys life as Isabell the Kings mother wife to the Earle of Marche in Poictowe Also the Countesse of Albemarle the daughter of Alaine of Galoway and sister to the Countesse of Winchester Roger de Quincy Earle of Winchester wherevpon a great parte of Galloway that belonged to hir for that shee dyed withoute issue remayned to Roger de Quincy Earle of Winchester that married the eldest sister Moreouer Iohn Lord Neuill dyed this yeâ⦠Iâ⦠ãâ¦ã whyche hadde bin chiefe Forester of Englaunde but hee was not onely put out of that office ãâã certayne transgressions but also out of y e kings fauoure before hee dyed where at the fyrste none was more esteemed in the Courte than hee The Byshoppe of Salisbury named masâ⦠Roberte de Bingham dyed also thys yeare and Sir Richarde de Argenton Knighte a right noble personage whiche in the holy lande hadde shewed good proofe of his high valiancie manhoode and prowes likewise Sir Henry Bailliol of the North and dyuers other In the beginning of the one and thirtith yeare of Kyng Henries raigne An. ãâ¦ã the Pope sente into Englande to haue the thirde parte of one yeares profit of euery benificed man that was resident and of euery one not resident the one halfe The Byshoppe of London shoulde haue scene thys ayde and collection leuied but it woulde not bee graunted And in a Parliamente called thys yeare on the morrowe after the Purification of our Lady 124â⦠Mat. Paâ⦠it was ordeyned that newe letters sealed with the common Seale of the Citie of LoÌdon should bee sente by sufficiente messengers from all the estates of the Realme vnto the Pope and Cardinals Inâ⦠eâ⦠requiring a moderation to be had in suche exactions as were intollerable for the Realme to beare Whilest
Sainte Edmondes bury she marched forthe to secke the aduersaries of hir and of the Realme as she bruted it but they still keepyng themselues neere to the Kings person that vnder the shadowe of the wings of his protection they might remayne in more safegarde durst not depart from his presence At the time of y e Queenes landing he was at London and being ââ¦ore amased with the newes he required ayde of the Londoners The aunswere of the Londoners to the Kyng They aunswered that they would do all the honor they might vnto the Kyng y e Queene and to their sonne the lawfull heire of the lande but as for Straungers and traitors to y e Realm they woulde keepe them out of their gates and resist them with all their forces but to got foorthe of the Citie further than that they myghte returne before Sunne setting they refused pretending certayne liberties in that behalfe to them graunted in times past as they alledged The king forsaketh London and goeth towardes the marches of Wales The King not greatly liking of this aunswere fortified the Tower and leauing within it his yonger sonne Iohn of Eltham and the wife of the Lorde Chamberlayne Hugh Spencer the yonger that was his neece he departed towardes the marches of Wales there to reyse an army against the Queene Before his departure from London A proclamation sette forth by the Kyng he set forth a Proclamation that euery man vnder payne of forfeyting life and goodes should resist them that were thus landed assayle and kill them the Queene his sonne Edwarde and his brother the Earle of Kent only excepted and whosoeuer could bring y e head or dead corps of the Lord Mortimer of Wigmore shuld haue for his labor a thousand markes The Queenes proclamation The Queenes proclamations on the other part willed all men to hope for peace the Spencers publike enimies of the Realme and y e Lorde Chancellour Roberte Baldocke with their assisters onely excepted through whose meanes the present trouble was happened to the Realme And it was forbidden that no man shoulde take ought froÌ any person and who soeuer coulde bring to the Queene the head of Hugh Spencer the yonger should haue two thousand pounds of the Queenes gift The Byshop of Exeter left in charge with the Citie of London The K. at his departure from London lefte master Walter Stapleton the B. of Greter behinde him to haue the rule of the Citie of LondoÌ Then shortly after the Q. with hir son making towardes London wrote a letter to the Maior to the Citizens requiring to haue assistance for the putting downe of the Spencers ãâ¦ã knowen enimies of theirs but also ãâ¦ã to all the Realme of England To this letter Caxton no aunswere at the ãâ¦ã made wherfore an other was sent ãâ¦ã doâ⦠the sixth day of October vnder the ãâã of Isabell by the grace of God Queene of ãâã ââ¦ld Lady of Irelande and Countesse of ãâã ââ¦ew and of Edwarde eldest sonne to the ãâã of England Duke of Guienne Erle of Câ⦠of Pontiew and of Muââ¦er ãâã This letter ãâ¦ã directed to the Mayor and communaltie ââ¦don conteyning in ãâã that the ãâ¦ã landing and entring into the Realme of the time was onely for the honor of the ãâ¦ã wealth of the Realme inââ¦ng hâ⦠to ââ¦ner of person but to the Spencers was ãâã vpon the Crosse in Cheape their called ãâã Crosse in Cheape on the nighte before the ââ¦th day of October Dyuers copies of the ãâ¦ã were set vppe and fastned vppon wind ãâã ââ¦res in other places of the Citie and one of the salne copies was racked vpon the Lord ãâã gates After which letter thus published in the ãâã Fabiâ⦠Thâ⦠ãâã a greate number of artificers and other ãâã ââ¦ed not to sit in rest vppon suche occasion of ââ¦cord offered nowe that things were in ãâ¦ã other partes of the Realme assemblid ãâã in greate numbers and with weapon inâ⦠came to the Lorde Maior of the Citie ãâ¦ã they knew to fauour the Kings parte and therefore they forced him through feare of some ââ¦rious violence The ãâ¦ã to take ãâ¦ã to receyue an oth to stand to there ordinance whiche was to put to deathe all thâ⦠that were aduersaries to the Queene or had by any meanes procured the hinderance of the Cities liberties vnder pretext of whiche othe Iohn Maâ⦠taken aâ⦠healed they ranne and tooke one of the Citizens called Iohn Marshall bycause hee was very familiar with the Earle of Gloucester and therefore suspected to haue accused the Citizens they stroâ⦠ãâã hys head and spoyled all his goodes The same daye being the fourtenth of October continuing their rage they ranne to the house of the Byshoppe of Exeter Walter de Stapleton and setting fire on the gates they entred and spoyled him of all hys plate iewels money and goodes And as it chanced in an infortunate houre for him the Bishoppe beeing the same time returning from the fieldes woulde not seeme to shrinke although her was admonished of these outrageous attemptes of the people but sitting on horsebacke came to the North dore of Saint Paule where forthwith the furious people layde violente handes ãâã him threw him downe and drew him most outrageously into Cheape side where they proclaymed him an open traytor a seducer of the Kyng and a destroyer of their liberties The Byshoppe had vpon him a certayne coate of defence whiche was called an Aketon the same therefore beeing plucked beside his backe as all other his garments The Byshopp ãâã Exeter beââ¦aded they shore his head from his shoulders and to the lyke deathe they put two of his seruauntes the one an Esquire and the other a yeoman The Byshoppes head was set on a pole for a spectacle that the remembraunce of his deathe and the cause thereof might continue His body was buryed in an old Churchyarde of the pied Friers withoute any manner of exequies or funerall seruice done for him The chiefest cause of the enimitie whiche the Londoners bare toward this Bishop rose hereof He being Lord Treasorer procured that the Iustices itenerante did sit in the Citie of London and where many of the Citizens were found ââ¦fendors and iustly punished as well by losing their freedomes as paying their fines and suffering corporall punishmentes they conceyued a great displeasure towardes him Moreouer it was sayde that hee had raysed a greate multitude of armed menne againste the Queene and hir sonne the Duke of Aquitayne and therefore did the Londoners as they aââ¦ââ¦ed seeke to preuent his proceedings The morrowâ⦠after that they had thus beââ¦ââ¦d the Bishop of Exââ¦ter they tooke by chaunce Sir Iohn Weston Connestatâ⦠of the Tower ââ¦d from him they tooke the keyes of the same Tower and ââ¦o entring the Tower they setâ⦠the prisoners at libertie and in like case all those ââ¦hat were imprisoned in manner through y e ââ¦aâ⦠ââ¦here periââ¦tted to goe at large and all the
France Where the Londoners would not permitte the Kinges Iustices to fitte within the Câ⦠London contrary to their liberties the King ââ¦poynted them to sitte in the Tower and ãâã they would not make any aunswer there a ãâã tumulte was reysed by the commons of the Citie so that the Iustices beeing in some perilles they thoughte feygned themselues to sitte there till towardes Easter Wheervpon when the K. coulde not get the names of them that reysed the tumult no otherwise but that they were certaine light persons of the common people he at length pardoned the offence After this those Iustices neyther sate in the Tower nor else where of all that yeare The Emperor won from the King of Englands friendshippe In the meane whyle the French King had with bribes wonne Lewes of Bauaria that named himselfe Emperour from further fauouring the King of Englande in so muche that vnder a colourable pretence of finding him selfe greeued for that the King of England had without his knowledge takeÌ truce with the French king he reuoked the dignitie of being vicar in the Empire from the King of England but yet signified to him that where the Frenche Kyng had at hys request put the matter in controuersie betwixte him and the Kyng of England into his handes to make an ende thereof if it so pleased the Kyng of England The Empeâ⦠offereth ãâã a meane ãâã concludâ⦠peace that hee should treate as an indifferent arbitrator betwixt them he promised to doe his endeuor so as he doubted not but that by hys meanes he shoulde come to a good agreement in his cause if he wold follow his aduice and to receyue aunswere hereof he sente his Letters by a chaplayne of his one Eberhard the reader of the Friers hermites of Saint Augustines order requesting the King of England to aduertise hym by the same messenger of his whole minde in that behalfe The Kyng for aunswere signifyed againe by his letters vnto the Emperoure The Kyngs aunswere that for the zeale whiche he hadde to make an accorde betwixt him and his aduersarie Phillippe de Valoys that named himselfe French King he could not but muche commend him and for his parte hee had euer wished that some reasonable agreement mighte bee had betwixt them but sith hys right to the Realme of France was cleere manifest inough hee purposed not to committe it by writing vnto the doubtful iudgement or arbitrement of anye and as concerning the agreemente which the Emperor had made with the Frenche Kyng bycause as he alledged it was lawfull for him so to do sith without the Emperors knowledge hee had taken truce with the same Frenche King he said if the circumstances were wel considered that matter could not minister any cause to moue him to such agreement for if the Emperor remembred he had giuen to him libertie at all times to treate of peace without making y e Emperor priuie thereto so that without his assent he concluded not vppon any small peace which hee protested that he neuer meant to do till he might haue his prouidente aduice counsell and assente therevnto And as concerning the reuoking of the vicarshippe of the Empire from him hee tooke it done out of tyme for it was promised that no such reuocation should be made till he had obteyned the whole Realme of France or at the least the more part thereof These in effect were the poyntes of the Kyngs letters of aunswere vnto the Emperor Dated at London the thirtenth of Iuly in the second yeare of his raigne ouer Fraunce and fifteenth ouer England This yeare about Midsommer The deceasse of the Lorde Geffrey de Scrope and of the Byshop of Lincolne The Queene brought to bedde or somewhat before at Gant in Flanders dyed the Lorde Geffrey Scrope the Kings Iustice and Henry Byshoppe of Lincolne two chiefe counsellors to the King The Queene after hir returne into EnglaÌd was this yeare brought to bed in the Tower of London of a daughter named Blanch that dyed yong and was buried at Westminster In this meane while during the warres betwixt France and Englande the Frenche Kyng in fauour of Dauid king of Scotland had sente menne of warre into Scotlande vnder the conduit of Sir Arnold DaÌdreghen who was after one of the Marshals of France and the Lorde of Garentiers with other by whose comfort help the Scottes that tooke parte with King Dauid did endeuor themselues to recouer out of y e English mens handes suche Castels and fortresses as they helde within Scotland as in the Scottishe historie ye shall finde mentioned and how aboute this time their King the foresaide Dauid returned foorth of France into Scotland by the french kings help who hauing long before concluded a league with him thought by his friendshippe to trouble the King of England so at home that he shoulde not bee at great leysure to inuade hym in France But now to tell you what chanced of the meeting appoynted at Arras The commissioners that met at Arras for the commissioners that should there treate of the peace when the day assigned of their meeting was come there arriued for the King of EnglaÌd the Bishop of Lincolne the Bishop of Duresme the Earle of Warwike the Earle of Richmond Sir Robert Dartois sir Iohn of Heynault otherwise called Lord Beaumont and sir Henry of Flaunders For the french King there came the Earle of Alaunson the Duke of Burbon the Earle of Flaunders the Earle of Blois the Archbyshoppe of Sens the Bishop of Beaunoys and the Byshop of Auxerre The Pope sente thither two Cardinals Naples and Cleremont these commissioners were in treatie fifteene dayes during the which many matters were putte foorth and argued but none concluded for the Englishmen demanded largely and the Frenchmen woulde departe with nothing sauing with the Countie of Pontieu the which was giuen with Queene Isabell in marriage to the King of Englande This truce was prolonged about the feast of the decollation of Saint Iohn to endure til Midsomer then next following as the addition to Adam Mââ¦rimouth hath The occasion of the warres of Britaine So the treatie brake the commissioners departed and nothyng done but onely that the truce was prolonged for two yeres further Thus were y e warres partly appeased in some part of Fraunce but yet was the truce but slenderly kept in other partes by reason of the deathe of the Duke of Britaine For whereas contentioÌ rose betwixte one Charles de Blois and Iohn Earle of Mountfort about the right to the Duchie of Britaine as in the historie of Fraunce it may more plainely appeare The Erle of MouÌtfort thinking that he had wrong offered him at the French Kings hands who fauoured his aduersarie Charles de Blois alyed himselfe with the King of Englande And as some write after he had wonne diuers Cities and Townes within Britaine he came ouer into England and by doing homage to King Edward acknowledged to holde
might a man haue seene of what force in warres suddayne chaunce is oftentimes for the king thus wyth his bataile passing the riuer Polidore meaning to besiege the town on euery side and the frenchmen at that same iââ¦nt hauing also passed the riuer wyth other carriages laden wyth victualls purposing to releue the town on that side caused no small doubte to be conceyued of eche others meaning on bothe partes leaste that the one hauyng knowledge of the others purpose hadde bin prepared for to hinder the same and yet was it nothyng so for neyther the Kyng knewe of the Frenchemens approche that day neither they of his passing ouer the water Hall and Polidore But when the King had aduertisement giuen hym by the light horsmen that were sent abrode to discouer the countrey how the Frenchemenne were at hande he prepared hymselfe to the battaile and firste sette foorthe hys horsemen and then followed himselfe with his battell of footmen The Frenche Capitaynes beeing hereof aduised determined not to fight without their footmen and therfore with all speede sent backe their carriages and staled with their horsemen till the carriages might haue leasure to get out of daunger Thus was the power of the Frenche horsemenne by the sharpe encounter of the Englishe horsemen and full sight of the battayles of the footemen following in array at the backes of the horsemen and the dischardgyng of certain culuerines amongst them quickly put to flight wythout any greate resistaunce The Emperor Maximilian was present wyth the King and ware a Sainct George crosse greately encouraging the Almaines to shewe themselues like men sith the place was fortunate to hym and them to try the chaunce of battayle in as they might call to remembraunce by the victory ther obteyned againste the Frenchemen a foure and thirtie yeres paste This encounter chauncyng thus on the sixeteenth daye of Auguste beeyng Tuisday in thys fift yeare of Kyng Henryes raigne The battaytoÌ of Spââ¦t whyche was the yeare after the incarnation 1513. was called the battaile Des Esprons by the Frenchemen themselues that is to saye the battaile of Spurres forsomuche as they in steede of sworde and launce vsed their spurres with all might and maine to pricke forthe their horses to gette out of daunger That wing of horsemen also whiche was appointed to skirmishe with the Englishemen on the other side the riuer whilest the other might haue conueied the victualles into the Towne was fiercely beaten backe by the martiall prowes of the valiaunt erle of Shrewsbury Sir Rise ap Thomas and other worthie capitaynes whiche laye on that side the water The Duke of Alanson the Earle of saint Paule and Monsieure de Florenges had the leadyng of those Frenchemen They wythin the Towne were in greate hope of succour this daye and when they sawe the Frenche power approche they sallied forth on that side where the Lorde Herbert laye and skirmished with his people very prowdly but they were repulsed to the gates of their Towne and many of them slayne by the highe valiauncye of the saide Lorde Herbert and his capitaines There was appointed to attende the kyng vnto Lisley the Duke of Burtyngham the Lorde Marques Dorsâ⦠the Earle of Essex and the Lorde Lislie wyth dyuers other Hee was receyued wyth all honour that myght bee deuised and feasted in moste royall maner he tarried there three dayes and then he returned to his camp which was lodged at that present in a coÌuenient place betwixt Lisle and Tourney The day after being the xxj of SepteÌber he remoued his camp to a place within 3. miles of Tourney and thither came to hym the Emperour and the Palsegraue of the Rhine which hadde bin with hym at Lisle The Emperor and the Palsgraue of the Rhine came to the King in his campe and there holpe to receyue hym Hee caused firste his horsemen to viewe the Towne and the demeanor of them within and after sent Garter Kyng of armes to sommon theÌ to yelde it ouer into his hands to whom they made answere Tourney sommoned by Garter King of armes that they receyued no Citie of the king of England to keepe nor any would they render to hym wyth whiche aunswere he departed Immediatly vpon the sendyng of those hys Letters conteyning in effecte a defyance the king of Scots assembled his people to inuade the Englishe confines But before his whole power was come togyther Lorde Humes entreth the bourders of Englande the Lorde Humes that was lorde Chamberlaine of Scotland one day in Auguste entred England with a .vij. or viij M. men and gettyng togyther a greate bootie of cattel thought to haue returned therewith into his countrey But as hee came to passe through a field ouergrowen with broome called Mill fielde Englyshmenne assaile the Scots the Englishemen vnder the leadyng of Sir William Bulmer and other valiant captaines hauing with them not paste a M. souldiors being laide within that fielde in bushementes brake foorthe vppon hym and though the Scots on foote defended themselues right manfully yet the Englishe archers shot so wholly togither Scottes put to flight that the Scots were constreyned to giue place There were of them slaine at thys bickering a fiue or sixe hundrethe and a foure hundrethe or more taken prisoners Lorde Chamberlaine escapeth the Lorde Chamberlayne hymselfe escaped by flight but his banner was taken This was called by the Scots the Ill road The ill roade In the meane time was the whole power of Scotlande assembled with the which king Iames approching to the borders and comming to Norham Castell laide siege thereto Norham castel besieged hauyng there wyth hym an hundreth thousand men After he had beaten this castell with hys ordinaunce for the space of sixe dayes togyther the same was deliuered vp into his hande for the Captaine was so liberall of his shotte Norham castel deliuered and powder spendyng the same to freely before he had cause so to do that when it shoulde haue stande hym in steede he had none lefte to ayde hym so that in the ende hee yelded hymselfe without more resistaunce The Earle of Surrey liââ¦etenaunn of the Northe preyseth an army In whiche meane time the Earle of Surrey being liuetenaunt of the Northe partes of Englande in absence of king Henry had giuen order to assemble a power of a .xxvj. M. men and comming to Alnewicke the thirde of September being Satterday tarryed there all the nexte day till the whole number of his people were come whyche by reason of the foule way were stayed and could not come forward with such speede as was apointed The Lorde Admirall ââ¦yneth vvyth the Earle of Surrey his father This fourth day of September then being Sunday his son the Lorde Admirall with a M. souldiours and able men of warre whiche had bin at sea came to his father wherof he greatly reioyced for the great wisedom manhood experience which he knewe
Pictes inuade Britaine 67.6 Pictes descended of the nation of the Scithians 67.6 Pictes whereof so named 67.10 Pictes supposed to be Agathirses 67.17 Pictes arriue in Irelande to seeke seates 67.24 Pictes depart from Irelande and arriue in Britaine 67.39 Pictes vanquished and slayne by the Britaines 67.45 Pictes remainder appointed to inhabite Catnesse in Scotland 67.49 Pictes and Scots enter vppon the Britaines and chase them out of their townes 101.6 Pictes that inhabite the South part of Scotland brought out of Scithia by Fulgentius 81.69 Pictes by what auncient Romane writer first made mention of 87.107 Pictes so called of painting their bodyes 13.90 Pictes and Scots inuade Britaine and wast the countrey 111.27 Pictes and Scots returne into Britaine by sea and inhabite the North partes of the I le 100.72 Pilgrimage in women a colour to whoredome 190.30 Pightland in Scotland so called of the Pictes 13.99 Pictes send ayde to the Brytaines against the Romanes 39.45 Pig brought forth with a face like a man 351.42 Praying to Saintes not lyked of 335.88 Pictes vanquished by king Oswy 176.33 Pictes and Scots driuen out of Britaine with helpe of the Romanes 100.6 Pictes and Scots breake down the wall and enter againe into Britaine 100.20 Pikering towne builded 32.15 Pirrhus sonne to Achilles 10.43 Pirrhus issue by Andromache 10.45 Pictes deuided into two nations 104.5 Pius Antoninus Emperour 76.57 Piracie of the Saxons described 107.82 Pinnor king of Loegria 22.90 Peers of the Realme called to a counsell pag. 1292. col 1. lin 2. Piece of the holy Crosse sent from Rome into Englande 217.49 Pictes and Scots sore disquiet the Romane subiectes in Britaine 95.17 Pilgrimage to the Abbey of Burie 586.45 Pictouius cited 5.17 Plantagenet Arthur created Viscount Lisle 1525.50 Pleshey Castle deliuered to K Stephan 380.42 Edward Plantagenet created Erle of Rutland 1076.3 b. Plantagenet Geffray moueth rebellion against kyng Stephan 367.81 Plantagenet Geffray put to flight and many of his people slaine 367.103 Plantagenet Geffray inuadeth Normandie 376.54 Plautius Pretor of Rome sent General of the Romane arme into Britaine 48.65 Plautius landeth with his armie in Britaine 48.95 Plautius vanquisheth y e Brytaines at his first arriual 49.6 Plautius triumphed for hys noble actes atchieued in Britaine 50.13 Plantagenet William eldest sonne to king Henrye the second departeth this life 396.30 Plantagenet Geffray beginneth a rebellion against hys brother king Henrye the second 396.34 Plantagenet Geffray not to bee buryed tyll his sonnes had sworne to performe his last wyll and testament 396.51 Plantagenet Geffray expulsed out of his Earledome of Aniou by his brother Henry the second 396.67 Plantagenet Geffray dyeth 396.75 Plantagenet Edward Erle of Warwicke is brought openly from y e Towre to Poules by land and goeth in procession 1429.23 The Pausgraue of the Rhine commeth into Englande 1574.18 Plantagenet Arthur Viscount Lisle dieth of immoderate ioye 1584.8 Plantagenet Edward sonne and heyre of George Duke of ClareÌce kept in Sheriffehuton Castle as prisoner and from thence conueied vnto the Towre of London 1424 20. arreygned and beheaded 1454.30 Plozac Geffray with his sonne Myles Ambassadours to K. Henry the seconde from Hubert Earle of Morienne 424.25 Edward Plantagenet created Earle of Rutland 1050.8 b. Pleymond made Archbishop of Cantorburie 218.36 Plantagenet Geffray Earle of Aniou departeth this lyfe 384.10 Plantagenet Geffray Earle of Aniou his issue 384.16 Plentie of wealth accompanied with store of sinnes 111.1 Pleymond sent to Rome with ritch presentes from the king 223.48 Placida mother to Valentinyan the Emperour 121.55 Pleymond Archbyshop of Cantorburie 223.42 Pleasance 1103.1 a. Pleas of the crowne holden at the towre of London 705.46 Plenidius a Barde 4.41 Plentie of graine 797.8 a. Popes goe out of the steppes which Peter trode 330.109 Pope to haue nothing to doo in any kingdome touching temporal liberties 331.6 Popes office and duetie what it is 331.7 Popish Byshops cannot keepe their allegiance towardes their Prince and their obedience to the See of Rome without their Princes pleasure 331.36 Portes fiue resist the landing of French men comming to ayde Lewes 615.37 Pont Meulan surprised by the French pag. 1220. col 2. lin 34. rendred agayn to the English lin 49. Popes power banished 1563.15 is restored agayne 1761 30. is eftsoones banished 1797.26 Poste comming from the Pope is stayed at Douer 712.54 Popes Nuncio commauÌded to depart the Realme 713.29 Pope requireth the French king to warre agaynst England 714.89 Pope giueth sentence with the Monkes of Cantorburie agaynst the Byshops 563.73 Pope nameth Stephan Langton to be Archbishop of Canterburie against king Iohns appoyntment 564.48 Popes answere to king Iohns Letter 565.15 Pope writeth to the Byshops concerning king Iohn and Stephan Langton chosen Archbyshop of Canterburie and of the Monkes there 565.98 Poules doore blowen open 1835.57 Pope Alexander the second sendeth a banner to Duke William of Normandie at his expedition into England 285.100 Pope and Cardinales compared to a shaken Reede which bendeth what way soeuer the wynde bloweth 286.4 Poole Reynold Cardinal reuoked by Queene Mary 1723 5. consultation held how he should be receyued eadem 20. his attaindour is reuersed by Parliament 1759.50 commeth into the Parliament house Legate from the Pope 1760.4 the effect of his Oration there eadem 37. absolued the Realme from Schisme 1761.30 is receyued into Poules with procession by the Lord Chancellour 1762.43 goeth to Marke to conclude a peace betweene the Emperour and the French king 1764.6 sendeth the Byshop of Gloucester to sit in iudgement on Cranmer 1765.20 is archbyshop of Canterburie eadem 30. depriueth Doctor Weston of al his spiritual lyuings for adulterie 1769.26 dyeth 1782.1 his pedegree ibidââ¦m Poynings Edward knight sent with a power into Ireland to suppresse the fauorers of Perkin Warbecke 1444.37 Poynings Edwarde Knight 1447.20 Poole Lord Montagne committed to the Towre 1510.28 restored to the kings fauour 1519.47 Pope dispenseth for the detayning of Abbey landes 1763.8 Poules Steeple with a part of the Church burned 1815. the Church repayred ibidem Policie of the Frenche king to weaken Kyng Williams force of England 310.16 Pope and Sea of Rome souereygne Lord of Ireland 420 59. Pope graunteth the souereigntie of Ireland to king Henry the second 420.87 Polidore reprooued of errour 32.45 and. 55.18 Policie of Lewis the French king to winne Vernueyle 428.49 Poynings Edward knight of of the Garter and Controller of the kings house sent with a power agaynst the Duke of Geldres 1440.1 Pope sweareth by Saint Peter 592.20 Popes decree is declared to the Barons 592.50 Pope sendeth to the French king to diswade hym from help in the Barons against king Iohn 598.78 The French kings allegations to the Popes Legate 598.83 Poyctouins are confederate with the french king against the king of EnglaÌd 411.12 Portesmouth 551.99 Popes Legate sueth for the restitutioÌ of Fulkes de Brent but obtayneth not 628.6 Poynings Thomas knight captayne of Guisnes 1594.36 discomfiteth the Frenchmen at Basse Buileyne 1599.
of the Citizens put to the sacke by such power of Lords and men of warre as the king sent against them Shortly after Edward king Hardiknoughts brother came foorth of Normandie to visyte him and his mother Queene Emme of whome he was moste ioyfully and honorably welcomed and entertayned and shortly after made returne backe againe Mat. VVest Ran. Higd. ex Mariano It should appere by some writers that after his comming ouer out of Normandie he remayned still in the Realme so that he was not in Normandie when his halfe brother Hardiknoughte dyed but heere in Englande althoughe other make other reporte as after shall be shewed Polyd. Also as before ye haue hearde some writers seeme to mean that the elder brother Alfrid came ouer at the same tyme. But surely they are therein deceyued for it was knowne well inough howe tenderly kyng Hardienute loued his brethren by the mothers syde so as there was not any of the Lordes in his dayes that durste attempte any suche iniurie agaynste them The bishop of of VVorcester accused for making avvaye of Alvred True it is that as well Earle Goodwyn as the bishop of Worcester that was also put in blame suspected for the apprehending and making away of Alvred as before ye haue heard were charged by Hardicnute as culpable in that master insomuch that the sayd Bishop was expulsed oute of his sea by Hardiknought And after twelue months space was restored by meanes of such summes of money as he gaue by waye of anââ¦ndeâ⦠Earle Goodwyn was also put to his purgation Erle Goodvvin excuseth selfe by taking an othe that hee was not gââ¦ute Whiche othe was the better allowed by reason of suche a present as he gaue to the king for the redeemyng of his fauour and good will The gift vvhiche Erle Goodââ¦vvin gaue to the king thereto to wit a ââ¦appe with a sterne of gold conteyning therin ãâã souldiours wracing on eche of their annex two bracelettes of golde of .xvj. ãâã wryght a triple habergion gyles on their ãâã with guilt âââgenets owthers heads a sworde with gilt haltes girded to their âââis a ãâã Axe after the maner of the Danes outheld ââ¦ere shulder â⦠begat with ãâã âââtles gilt in their left hande a durche in their ãâã âârlde And thus to coÌclude they were furnished at all percer with armour and weapon arroââ¦ding It hath binsayd that Erle Goodwyn wyllded to marrie his daughter to one of these brethren Polidor and perceyuing that the elder brother Alfred would disdayne to haue hir thought good to dispatche him that the other taking hir to wyfe might be nexte heire to the Crowne and so at length enioy it as it afterwardes came to passe Also about that tyme when the image of the kings of Englande was in marier extincte the Englishe people were muche carefull as hathe bene sayde aboute the succession of those that shoulde enioy the crowne Wherevpon as one Brightwold a Monke of Glastenburye that was afterwarde Bishop of Winchester or as some haue written of Worcester studyed oftentymes theron It chaunced that he dreamed one nyght as he slepte in bedde that he sawe Saincte Peter sacre and annoynt Edwarde the sonne of king Egelred as then remaining in exile in Normandie king of Englande And as he thought he dyd demaunde of Saincte Peter who shoulde succeede the fayde Edwarde 3 Wherevnto aunswere was made by the Apostle Haue thou no care for such matters for the kingdome of Englande is Gods kingdome which surely in good earnest may appeare by many great argumentes to be full true vnto suche as shall well consider the state of this realme from time to tyme howe there hath bin euer gouernours raysed vp to maynteyn the maiestie of the Kingdome and to reduce the same to the former dignitie when by any infortunate mishap it hath bin brought in daunger But to return now to Kyng Hardiknought after that hee had reygned two yeares lackyng tenne dayes The death of K. Hardicnute Sim. Dunel Math. VVest 1042. as hee satte at Table at a greate feast holden at Lambheth he fell downe sodenly with the ââ¦ot in his hande and so dyed not without some suspition of poyson Thys chaunced the .8 daye of Anne at Lambheth aforsaid where the same daye a marriage was solemnised betweene the lady Githa the daughter of a noble man called Osgote Clappa and a Danishe lorde called Canute Prudan His bodie was buried at Winchester besides his fathers K. Hardicanute his conditions His liberalitie in housekeping He was of nature very curteous gentle and liberall specially in keeping good cheere in his house so that he woulde haue his table couered foure tymes a day furnished with great plentie of meats and drinks wishing that his seruantes and all straungers that came to his palaice Hen. Hunt might rather haue than want It hath bin commonly told that Englishmen lerned of him their excessiue gourmandize and vnmeasurable filling of their panches wyth meates and drinks Of vvhome the englishemen learned excessiue feedlng wherby they forgate the vertuous vse of sobrietie so muche necessarye to all estates and degrees so profitable for all common wealths and so commendable both in the sight of God and all good men In this Hardiknought ceased the rule of the Danes within this lande with the persecution which they had executed against the English nation for the space of .250 yeres and more that is to witte The end of the Danish rulers euer sith the .x. yeare of Brithrike the king of Westsaxons at what time they first began to attempt to inuade the Englishe coastes Howebeit after Harison they shoulde seeme to haue ruled heere but .207 reckening from their brynging in by the Welchemen in despite of the Saxons at which time they first begaÌ to inhabit here whiche was .835 of Christe .387 after the comming of the Saxons and .35 neere complet of the reigne of Egbert Edwarde Edward H. Hunt IMmediately vpon y e death of Hardiknought and before his corps was committed to buryall his halfe brother Edwarde sonne of kyng Egelred beogotten of Queene Emme was chosen to be king of Englande by the generall consent of all the nobles and coÌmons of the realme Polidore Therevppon were Ambassadours sente with all speede into Normandie to signifie vnto him his election and to bring him from thence into Englande in delyueryng pledges for more assuraunce that no fraude nor deceipte was ment of the Englishmen But that vpon his comming thyther he shoulde receyue the Crowne without all contradiction ãâ¦ã Edwarde then ayded by hys cousin William Duke of Normandie tooke the sea and with a small companye of Normans came into Englande where hee was receyued with greate ioye as king of the realme H. Hunt VVil. Mal. The .3 of Apââ and immediatly after was crowned at Winchester by Edsinus then archbishop of Canterbury on Easterday in the yeare of our Lorde .1043 whiche fell also
no reason nowe why Alpine shoulde make any further clayme or demaunde vnto the kingdom Vpon the messengers return home with this answer Dongall hys displeazure with the Pictes aunsweare Dongal shewed himself to be in no smal chafe that the Pictes shoulde thus goe aboute by suche subtill argumentes and contriued inuentions to defraude Alpine of his righte And thervpon the second tyme he sente his ambassadors vnto them Ambassadours are sent again requiring them eyther to doe him reason without any further surmised caââllations eyther else within .iij. moneths space after to looke for open warres at the Scottishe mens handes These Ambassadours passing foorth on theyr iourney at their approching vnto Camelon certaine sergeants at armes met them Ambassadours are not receyued and did forbid them to enter the citie also they further coÌmaunded them in name of Feredeth their king to auoyde out of the confines of his dominion within foure dayes space vpon pain of death The Ambassadors being terrified with suche maner of inhibitions they went no further Warre is pronounced vnto the Pictes but yet according as they had in commission they pronouÌced the warre in the name of Alpine and Dongal requiring those that thus came to meet them to giue signification therof vnto their maister Feredeth and to the whole Pictishe nation and so returned home the same way they came Then did the Scottishe Lordes repaire vnto Dongall who the same tyme laye in Carryke castell and there taking counsell for the mayntenance of these warres not one was founde amongest them which offered not to spende both lyfe landes and goodes in Alpines ryghtuous quarell This mishap hapned him in the .vj. yeare of his reigne and after the birthe of our Sauiour 830. His bodie was buryed in Colmekill 930. with all funerall obsequies The Captaines of the Pictes waying with theÌsleues the losse of their king great multitude of their meÌ The pictes fled by night thought it not best to abide any longer in the field wherfore leauing their wounded people behind them with all their baggage in the caÌpe they fled inctoÌinently the same night some into one place some into an other where they thought best for their owne welth and safetie The Scots had fled immediatly likewise but that word was brought them as they were about to depart how the Picts were gone alredy and had left their campe voyde of men of warre to defende the same Whervpon the Scottes taryed til it was day not far from the place of the battail In the morning there wer certain horsmen apoynted to ride abrode to viewe y e fielde therby to vnderstand whether y e Picts ment any deceite by their departure as by laying of some embushmeÌts or otherwise but vpon y e return of those horsmeÌ wheÌ it was once known how ther was no such mater but y t they wer fled in dede y e Scots reioycing therat The Scots deuide the spoile fel to gathered y e spoile of the fielde deuiding the same amongst themselues according to their accustomed order Alpine himselfe commaunded the bodie of his enimie Feredeth to be layde in christian buriall Feredeth is buried not farre from Forfair After this causing the musters of his people to be taken he found that he had lost y e third part of his armie in that mortall and cruell battaile and therevpon brake vp his campe for that tyme licencyng those that were left aliue to returne vnto their homes The Scottes determine to war only with incursions This battaile being fought in the firste yeare of the reignes of the two foresayd kings weakned the forces of both the natioÌs so farfoorth that the Scottes doubting to bring the realme into daunger of vtter ruine if they shoulde committe their whole puissance eftsoones to the hazarde of an other foughten field determined to pursue the warre by making of incursions and inrodes only vpon their enimies so to vexe the Pictes and to bring them vnto reason if it were possible and so much verily the ScottishmeÌ did by such their coÌtinual rodes and incursions which they made into Angus that the countrie was left voyd and desolate of all the inhabitants Brudus succedeth his father Feredeth Neyther did Brudus the sonne of Feredeth whome the Pictes had chosen to succede after his father in the kingdome fynde any speedy redresse to withstande those dayly inuasions thus made by the Scots vpon his countreis and subiectes for he was but a slouthfull person very negligent in his office whervpon he was had in derision of his own people The Pictes sââ¦ew thir slothfull king who in the end slew him amongst themselues before he had reigned fully the terme of one whole yeare His people seeing themselues destitute of their head capitayn and gouernour retired from their enimies keeping themselues in order of batayle without any further attempt After this infortunate end of Keneth Brudus kyng of the pictes the Pictes chose to their king one Brudus a man of a stoute and manlyke stomack who immediately vpon his entring into the astate comming into Angus which regioÌ the Scots had made wast catched there certaine Scottish robbers forthwith hanged them vp vpon gibets After this Biudus sent vnto Alpyne for renuing their league he sent forth his ambassadors vnto king Alpine for reformation of all iniuries and wrongs betwixte the two nations and to haue the auncient league renewed betwixte them Alpine the Scotish lordes hauing quickely aduised what to answer Alpyn refuseth any treatie of peace declared vnto the Pictish ambassadors playnly that they would not heare any treatie for peace till the Picts had deliuered the kingdome vnto the right heire Brudus vnderstanding by this answere Brudus seÌdeth an ambassador vnto Edwyn king of England for ayde with a summe of money that the Scots would still follow the warres against the Picts to be the better able to withstand their malice he purposed to procure the friendship of the Englishmen to haue their ayde agaynst the Scottes He sent therfore his ambassadors with a great summe of money vnto Edwyn king of Northumberlande requiring him of his fauour and to haue some number of his people for his wages to serue him against the Scots Edwyne receyuing the moneye promised to come himselfe with a myghtie armie The money is receyued aide promised at what tyme and place Brudus should appoint to goe against the Scottes in defence of him and his subiectes the Pictes Many of the Pictes reioyced greately The picts som doe reioyce and some mystrust of the englishe mens assistaunce that they should haue ayde thus of the Englishmen hoping therby to haue assured victorie of theyr aduersaries Other mystrusted not a little the Englishmens offers by reason of the olde enimitie betwixt the Pictes and them In this meane season the Scots take seaze vpon all the countrey of Angus The Scotes take Angus
olde former league renewed betwixte the Englishmen and Scottes with any reasonable condicions whiche should be thought to be requisite The league was confirmed agayne After the returne of the Ambassadours ⪠the league was newly confirmed betwixt the two kings theyr people with the semblable articles as were comprysed in the olde league with this article onely added therevnto Northumberland allotted vnto England that Northumberland being as now replenished most with Danish inhabitaÌts should remaine to the Englishmen and Cumberland with Westmerlande to the Scots vpon this condition that he whiche should succeede as heyre vnto the crowne of Scotlande after the kings deceasse CumberlaÌd Westmerland to do homage vnto England being heyre apparant should hold those regions and do homage vnto the king of England as his bassall perpetually for the same The peace being thus established betwixt these nations Indulphe the sonne of Constantine the thyrde was proclaymed prince of Cumberland and inheritour to the crowne of Scotland After this Malcolme passed the residue of his life in good quiet without any troubles of warre as a man onely studying to mainteyne the state of his realme in good order aswell for the wealth of the temporaltie as spiritualtie wherevnto hee was equally inclined At length as he rode about the prouinces of his realme to see the lawes duely ministred at Vlrine a village in MurraylaÌd King Malcolme was murthered where he caused iustice to be somewhat streightly executed vpon offendors he was murthered in the night season by treason of a fewe conspiratours ⪠in the .xv. yeare of his reigne The conspirators were put to execution But suche as did this wicked deede with theyr complices by diligent examination were tried out and on the next day being apprehended suffered due execution according as they had deserued The murtherers were torn with horses being torne in peeces with wilde horses and those peeces sent vnto sundry cities where they were hanged vp on the gates and towers vntill they rotted away They that were the deuisers of the murder also procured the doers therevnto The procurers of the murder were staked were thrust through vpon sharpe stakes and after hanged vpon high gybettes and other of the conspirators were put to other kindes of death as the case seemed to requyre The death of Malcolme chaunced in the yeare after the bieth of our Sauiour .959 Here we haue thought good to put you in remembrance 959. that either the Scottes are deceyued in their accompte of yeares The mistaking of the names and times of the English kings in the Scottish wryters or els mistake the names of the kings of Englande for where they waite that this Malcolme ââ¦equyted this life about the .xxij. yeare of Athelstane king of England that can not be if Malcolmes deceasse chaunced in the yeare .95 or for Athelstane was dead ââ¦ing before that time to witte in the yeare .940 and ââ¦ygned but ãâã ⪠yeares Moreouer where the ââ¦tishe wryttes maââ¦e mencion of ther warres Scotishe king Edmond that succeeded Athelstan had against Aââ¦lafe and the Danes of Northumberland in the dayes of king Indulfe that succeeded Malcolme it can not stande by ãâã meanes ⪠if they mistake not theyr accompt of yeares for the same Edmond was slayne in the yeare .1948 But verily thâ⦠fault in ãâ¦ã of yeares is but to coÌmon in the Scottishe historie and thenfore to him that should take vpoÌ him tore for ãâã the ererours thereof in this behalfe it weâ⦠necessarie to alter in a maner the whole course of the same historie and therefore ⪠we will not wishe any man to giue any credite vnto theyr accompt in yeares touching the regines of the Englishe kings further than they shall see them to agree with our wryters whome in that behalfe wee may more safely followe and by conferring the same with the Scottishe wryters in some places happely perceyue the true time aswell of the reygnes of theyr kings as of actes done to fall out in yeares and seasons much differing from their accompt whereof to admonish the Reader aswell here as in the English historie wee haue thought it not impertineÌt And albeit that some may aske what reason we haue to moue vs to doubt of their accompte of yeares more than we do of that in our owne writers we wil referre the same vnto their iudgements that are learned and haue trauayled indifferently alike aswell in perusing the one as the other without affectioÌ But as the errours are sooner founde than amended so haue wee thought good to set downe in the margent of this booke the yeares as we finde them noted in the Scottish wryters specially in places where wee differ any thing from them bicause we will not seeme by way of controlment to preiudice the authours further than by due consideration the well aduised Reader shall thinke it expedient Indulph his answere But Indulph for answere herevnto declared that the league was concluded betwixt Malcolme and Athelstane by great deliberation of aduice and by consent of all the estates of bothe realmes taking theyr solemne othes for the true obseruing thereof so that he coulde not onlesse he shoulde violate that othe attempt any thing to the breache of peace with the Englishmen procuring the iuste indignation of almightie God against him and his people in that behalfe Herevpon the Danes accompting Indulph but a slouthfull and negligent person for this kinde of answeare The Danes not pleased with such an answer procure warnes against EnglaÌd as he that regarded not the honour of his realme and people in letting passe so great oportunitie to be reuenged of the Englishmen for the death of suche Scottes as died in the ouerthrow at Broningfield determined not to be noted with the like spotte of reproche but with all speede sending for ayde into Norway prepared to passe ouer into England vnder the conduct of Aualassus The Norwaygians come to the ayde of Aualassus Raynolde a valiant Captayne who ioyning his power with the Norwaygians whiche came to his ayde vnder the leading of a right valiant Captayne called Raynold transported with all speede ouer into Northumberlande vnto whom the gouernour there named Elgarine acknowledging himselfe to be descended of the Danishe bloud Elgarine yeelded the fortes vnto the Danes yeelded all the Castels Townes and Fortes promising to ayde Aualassus against king Edmond to the vttermost of his power These newes comming to the knowledge of Edmond with al speede he gathereth his power and sending into Scotlande for suche ayde as he ought to haue from thence by couenaunts of the league 10000. souldiours sent vnto king Edmond there came vnto him ten thousande Scottishmen with ready willes to serue him in these his warres agaynst the Danes Then ioyning his owne people with those Scottishmen he set forewarde towardes his enimies There were an eyght thousande Northumberland men with Aualassus the whiche vpon the firste
The charter conteyning the articles couenants and agreementes of this mariage league aboue mencioned beareth date at Paris the .23 day of October in the yeare of our Lorde .1295 1295. And the letters procuratorie made by king Iohn vnto the said bishop of Saint Androws and the other his associates bare date at Striueling the third Nonas of Iuly the same yeare Shortly herevpon king Iohn was aduertised that king Edwarde purposed to come and besiege Barwike The gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian sent to Barwike to defeÌd it against the Englishmen wherfore by aduise of his nobles he sent the most parte of all the lordes and gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian vnto Barwike to defende the towne against the enimie if he came to besiege it The Englishmenne came not onely with a myghtie power by lande but also wyth a greate nanye by sea towardes the saide towne of Barwyke Englishe ships taken at Barwike Of whose commyng the Scottes being aduertised came foorth againste those that approched by sea tooke .xvij. of their shippes and chased awaye the residue King Edwarde rather prouoked than feared with this misaduenture came with a far greater puissance than before to renewe the siege Barwike besieged but when he perceyued his purpose tooke not so spedy effect as he hoped it shoulde haue done he deuised howe to take this towne by some slightefull policie Herevpon he fayned as though he wold haue broken vp his siege so reysing his camp The policie of king Edwarde to winne Barwike withdrew a little from the towne and then hauing prouided baners and ensignes resembling altogither such as diuers noble men in Scotland vsed he sodeynly returned towards the towne euery one of his soldiors wearing a crosse of saint Androws aboue on their harneis after the maner of the Scottishmen There were also sente before vnto the towne certayne Scottes that serued the kyng of England whiche gaue knowledge to the capitaynes within the towne that their lord king Iohn was comming with his armie to their succours The Scottes that were within the towne beleeuing it had bin most true set open the gates and came forth against their king as they supposed to haue receyued him with all ioye and gladnesse The Scots deceyued and entrapped But when they came nere vnto the Englishmen they perceyued both by their language and habite what they were but this was not before the Englishmen were harde at the gates so that when the Scottishmen would haue fledde backe to haue got into the towne agayne the English men pursued them so faste at the heeles that they entred the gates with them The crueltie of the Englishmen so tooke the towne with great slaughter as well of the souldiours and men of warre as also of women children aged persons Barwike is ãâã without all ruth or compassion so that they lefte not one creature alyue of the Scottishe bloud within all that towne 30. of Marche being good Friday Anno 1295. H. B. Thus was Barwike wonne the .xxx. day of Marche in the yere .1296 Suche abundance of bloud was spilled thorough all partes of the towne as the Scottishe Chronicles testifie that where at a falling tyde the water was not able to dryue aboute the milnes The abundaÌce of bloud spilled some of the same mylnes yet Streames augmented with bloud were nowe at a lowe water set on gate by reason the streames were so hugely augmented with bloud There were slayne aboue .vij. thousand persons that day with the greatest parte of all the nobles and gentlemen of Fyfe and Louthian The Erles of March and Menteth with lxx knightes fled to the castell of Dunbar but they were besieged so straightly by the Englishe power The castel of Dunbar reÌdred to K. Edward enuironning the Castell on eche side that in the end they were constrayned for lack of victuals to yelde themselues to king Edwarde on condition to haue their lyues saued which couenant was not obserued as the Scottishe wryters affirme for king Edwarde hauing got theÌ into his handes caused them foorthwyth to bee put to death Robert Bruce occasion of the ouerthrowe of Scottes at Dunbar It was reported that Robert Bruce vpon secrete conference had with king Edwarde before this battaile at Dunbar solicited all his frends in the Scottishe armie to flee vpon the first ioyning whiche the residue perceyuing were so discomforted that incontinently they threw away both armour and weapon and so were vanquiquished without resistance Robert Bruce submitteth himselfe to K. Edwarde Trouth it is that after this victorie Robert Bruce submitted himselfe vnto king Edwarde requiring him to performe his promise touching the right whiche he had to the crowne of Scotland howbeit he receyued no answere to his lyking touching that request for king Edwarde had no lesse desire to enioy the kingdom of Scotland than Bruce as the Scottishe writers affirme Therfore to cast off Robert Bruce concerning his demaunde he answered thus as is sayd Beleeuest thou that we haue nothing else a doe but to conquere realmes The answere of king Edwarde to Robert Bruce and to delyuer them ouer againe vnto thee Roberte Bruce hereby perceyuing the suttle meaning of king Edwarde returned righte sorowfull vnto his landes in Englande hauyng great indignation in his mynde that he had obeyde king Edwards requests but yet considered with himself that he must suffer for the time tyll occasion serued to reuenge the iniuries receiued whiche he mynded to doe The castels of Edenburgh Striueling wonne and that in moste cruell maner as afterwardes it will appeare King Edwarde after he had thus wonne the castell of Dunbar got lykewise both the castels of Edenburgh and Striueling King Iohn driuen into the castell of Forfaire pursued king Iohn till he had constrayned him to take for his refuge the castell of Forfair Herewith Iohn Cumyn lorde of Strabogy came to kyng Edwarde and was sworne his liege man Shortly after by a politik practise of the same Iohn Cumyn king Iohn with his son Edward Ballyol came to Mountros where perceyuyng himselfe vnwysely fallen into the hands of king Edward through feare of death which he doubted by reason of the menacing wordes of king Edward Iohn Ballyol king of Scotland resigneth all his right to king Edward he suffred himself to be spoyled of al his kingly abilunents and with a white wande in his hande as the maner is presented himself before king Edward resigning there vnto him all the right and title which he had to the crowne of Scotland vtterly renouncing the same both for him and his heires for euer Hereof was a charter also made in most sufficient wyse A chartour confirmed with the hande and seale of king Iohn and other the nobles of Scotland substancially as might bee deuised bearing date the fourth yeare of his reigne Homage of the barons of Scotland to king Edward
and returned into Angus King Edwarde as then beeing in Fraunce Hugh Cressingham sent into Scotlande hearing of these exploits atchieued by this Wallace his aduersarie sent dyuers noble captaines vnto his lieutenaÌt Hugh Cressingham with an armie into Scotland to redresse the matter Heere encountryng with the enimies the thirde Ides of September he obtayned a righte worthie victorie Hugh Cressingham slayn at Striueling and his army discomfited by Willyam Wallace for he slewe not only the forsayde Cressingham with a greate parte of his armye beeing passed the tyuer but also forced the residue to flee in suche sorte that a greate number of them were drowned and fewe escaped awaye with lyfe Thus hauing gotten the vpper hande of his enimies here at Striueling hee returned againe to the siege of Couper The castell of Couper rendred to Wallace whyche shortely after vppon his returne thyther was rendred vnto hym by those that were within in garrison There were many of the Scottishe nobilitie the same tyme that sente vnto hym offeryng to leaue the king of Englands part and to ayde him with money and victuals if he would onlye receyue them into fauoure wherevnto hee graunted By which meanes sundry other castels were yelded vnto him the whiche after he had garninished with men munition and victuals accordingly as was thought requisite he brake vp his campe and went with sundrie of his most faithfull frendes vnto the castell of Striueling Dearth in Scotlande Afterwardes perceyuing that through scarcitie of corne great dearth rose on eche side within the realme of Scotland The policie of Wallace to relieue the peoples lacke in tyme of dearth he deuised which way he might best relieue the peoples necessitie lack in that behalfe and herevppon he determined to passe with a mightie armie into Englande and to soiorne there the moste parte of the winter in susteyning the whole number of his men of war on suche prouision as they mighte fynde within the boundes of their enimies countrey He commaunded therfore that all the Scots appointed to goe with him in that iourney Disobedience punished shuld be readie at a certaine day and place prefixed but dyuers of the Northerne Scottes as they of Abirden and other for that they disobeyed his coÌmaundements sette foorth by letters and proclamations were hanged as rebelles and traytours to theyr countrey Thus putting the enimies in great feare and terrour of his awfull name he brought his army backe againe into Scotlande loden with spoyle and glorie of their prosperous atchieued iorney They entred into Englande as Iohannes Maior writeth about the feaste of all Saintes and remayned there till Candelmas after liuing still vpon the spoyle of the Englishmens goodes King Edwards message vnto Wallace Edward king of Englande beeing enformed of the greate slaughter of his people and what damage the Scottes had done in Northumberlande hee returned in greate displeasure out of Fraunce into Englande and sent his ambassadors vnto Wallace sore menacing him for that he had inuaded his realme in suche cruell wise in his abseÌce which he durst as he sent him word ful little haue done if he had bin at home himself The answere of Wallace to king Edwards message as the Scots do write Wallace herevnto answered that he had taken the aduauntage for the atchieuing of his enterprise touching the inuasion of Englande in lyke sort as king Edward had done for the conquest of Scotlande at suche tyme as hee was chosen by the nobles of the realme as indifferent Iudge in decision of the right and lawfull title of the parties that stroue and were at contention for the crowne And further to the ende it might appere vnto king Edward that he inuaded Englande in defence of his owne natiue countrey and that he was fully bent to employe his whole endeuor to deliuer the same from all manner of subiection to any foraine power and to reuenge the iniuries done by the Englishmen in tyme past he willed the Englishe ambassadors to declare from hym vnto king Edward that he purposed to hold his Easter in Englande if God fortuned him lyfe and that in despite of king Edward and al such as would beare armour against him And vndoubtedly according to his promise Wallace entred England with an armie of .xxx. thousand menne he kept his day for assemblyng together an armye of .xxx. thousand men he entred into Englande at the tyme before appoynted where king Edwarde was readie with an armie vpon Stanelmore double in number to the Scots to giue them battayle but when the tyme came that both parties were ready to haue ioyned the Englishemen withdrewe hauing no lust as should seeme to fyght with the Scottes at that tyme who perceyuing them to giue back incontinently woulde haue rushed foorthe of their rankes to haue pursewed in chase after them but Wallace doubting least the Englishmen had ment some policie caused the Scottes to keepe together in order of battayle and so preseruing them from the deceytfull malice of their enimies broughte them backe into Scotlande with lyues and honours saued besides the infinite spoyle and booties which they got in this iorney But as in the beginning all men were glad to support Wallace in all exploytes and enterprises which he tooke in hand so afterwards wheÌ his fame began to waxe great to the derogation of other mennes renoumes suche as were farre his superiours in birth and lignage that fauour which many bare him at the first was now turned into Enuie hauyng no small indignation that a man of so base parentage shoulde so surmount them in all honour and dignitie Wallace is caryed Those that enuied him most were of the Cumyns bloud and Robert Bruce King Edwarde beeing aduertised of this enuious grudge and new sedition amongst the nobles of Scotlande had secrete conference by his agentes with the chiefest amongest those that thus enuied the high glorie of Wallace and vppon trust of suche practise as was concluded by reason of the same conference King Edward inuadeth Scotlande hee came with a mightie armie into Scotland and at Falkyrke mette with this Wallace Wallace rayseth a power to resist him who mystrusting no guyle had raysed a power to resist him but now being come in sight of the Englishmen ther rose a ryght odious contention betwixte the head capitayns Strife for the leading of the vauntgarde who shuld haue the leading of the vantgarde whiche is reputed a moste high honour amongst the Scottishmen And amongst other Stewarde and Cumyn thought skorne that Wallace a man of so low beginning shoulde bee preferred before them in that honour But on the other parte Wallace consyderyng that the charge of the whole was giuen vnto hym by agreemente and consente of the three estates thoughte it no reason that hee should giue place to any of them In the meane tyme came the Englishemen vpon theÌ right fiercely before the Scottish chieftains hauing their brestes
About the same time dyed Mariorie Bruce king Roberts daughter Shortly after also was a truce taken betwixt the two Realmes of England and Scotlande for a certaine time Then king Robert hauing no trouble neyther within his Realme A Parliament at Perth nor without caused a Parliament to be holden at Perth where he requyred the Lordes to shew their deedes and charters whereby they helde their landes The Lords after long aduisement taken herein The euidence and charters whereby the Lords of Scotlande helde their landes at length pulled out theyr swords all at once declaring that they had none other euidence nor Charters to shewe for the tenure of theyr landes King Robert was somewhat amased of this sight and tooke no small indignation therewith but yet he dissembled for the time and commended them for their noble heartes and valiant stomacks neuerthelesse he purposed to be reuenged of their proude presumptions when more oportunitie of time serued thereto Sundrie of the nobles perceiuing that the king bare an inwarde grudge towardes them for this matter Conspiracie of the Lordes agaynst king Robert deuised amongst theÌselues how to deliuer him into king Edwardes handes so to auoyd all daunger that might folow of his displeasure conceyued thus agaynst them For the accomplishment of this their treasonable practise they made a bonde in wryting confirmed with their handes and seales betwixt theÌ and minded to send the same into England vnto king Edward But king Robert hauing some ynkeling of this their purpose caused diligent watch to be layde by the way for such as shoulde passe into England froÌ them with the said band A Palmer taken with writings on him insomuch that in the ende a Palmer or Pylgrym was apprehended which had the bonde and other wrytings enclosed within his pylgrimes staffe King Robert vnderstanding by these writings all the maner of the treason and what they were that had consented to the same he hastily sent for the whole number of them as though there had beene some matter in hand wherein he wished to haue their aduise They were no sooner come but streyghtwayes calling them before him hee questioned with them whether they knew their owne hands and seales and immediately therewith shewed the wrytings which were found in the Palmers staffe The Lordes that had conspired are coÌmitted to warde and bycause they coulde not denie theyr owne acte they were committed to warde within sundrie Castelles till he had taken further aduise in the matter Incontinently after he went to Barwike and there arrested the captaine of the towne named sir William Soulis and caused him to bee conueyed vnto Perth where shortly after he called an assembly of all the estates of the realme This was called the black Parliament The blacke Parliament kept in the yeare after the incarnation of our Sauiour 1320. 1320 In this Parliament at the begynning therof was Dauid Abernethy the sisters sonne of K. Robert accused as party to the treason aforesayd though being labored vnto by the rest of the conspirators to ioyne with them therein he refused so to doe but yet for that he did not vtter the thing but concealed with them Dauid Abernethy loseth his heade he was condeÌned lost his head the people sore lamenting his mishap for the great valiancy which was knowne to be in him hauing serued honorably many yeares before agaynst the Sarasins and other miscreants in the parties of beyonde the seas where he was cleped the flower of chiualry In deed the king himselfe would gladly haue saued his life but for that he minded to do iustice on the residue and finding no man to make sute for hym he permytted the execution to proceede agaynst him Among other were these Gilbert de Malet Iohn Cogi knights and Richard Bron a noble warriour Iohn Maior On the morrowe after he caused all the residue of the trayters to be brought forth to iudgement and sentence being giuen agaynst them he commaunded without delay that they should be executed Then came diuerse and sundry persons in most humble wife to make sute for pardon to the king for their friends and kinsmen but he made them plaine answere that there was none to bee founde that would make intercession for the sauing of his kinsmans life the day before when he was led to execution that had offended nothing so grieuously in comparison to them for whome they now made sute therefore he had them be contented for they shoulde assuredly haue according to y e which they had deserued Execusion wââ¦thout respite And therwith were the officers coÌmaunded to make hast with the execution whiche was done incontinently without any further respite There were some that were accused to bee partakers in this treason but yet for that no euident proues could be produced against them they were dismissed as Walter Maxwel with Walter Berclay Shirif of Aberdene Patrike Graim Hameline Neydrinton and Eustace a Rathre knights beside eight others But yet the CouÌtesse of Sââ¦atherne and William de Soulis were condemned to perpetuall prison The Earle of Buchquhanes landes who suffred at that present where deuided into two parts the one being giuen to William Hay that was made Conestable of the realme in place of Iohn Quincie who likewise suffred the same time and the other part was giueÌ vnto William Reth togither with the office of the Stewardship of the Realme About the same time the king of England by complaynt made to the Pope A Legate sent from Rome to the Scottes purchased that a Legate was sent from the Sea Apostolike into Scotland to admonish king Robert to ceasse froÌ further disquieting the realme of Englande by such cruell inuasions as were surmised that hee wrongfully exercised against the same Realme But answer was made herevnto by the king and other the nobles of the realme of Scotlande The answere made to the Legate that all the worlde might well vnderstande that the whole occasion of al the trouble which had chanced betwixt the two Realmes of Englande and Scotland did only proceed of the couetous desire in the English meÌ seeking to conquer that realm without any iust clayme or title and therefore they thought it reason first to suppresse the loftie stomacks of the English men and then if there were any thing worthie to be reformed on theyr behalues they would be contented to stand vnto the order of the Popes authoritie therein And thus was the Legate dispatched home without other effect of his errant Shortly after K. Robert entred with an army into EnglaÌd wasted the country before him King Robert with an army in Scotlande til he came to the Recrosse whiche standeth vpon Stanmoore Howbeit it should seeâââ by that which R. Ri. Southwel So writeth hereof that K. Robert was not present himselfe in person in this iourney 1321 but that he appoyntââ the Erle of Murrey to be his LieutenaÌt who with an
as fell not for the estate of a man of any estimation or honestie to the ende it shoulde not be knowne what he was Two kings prisoners in England at one time Thus the King of Englande at one tyme hauing two Kings vnder his captiuitie satte crowned betwixt them at meate in the feast of Christmasse making as the vse is amongest the Englishe menne in that season a greate banket And this hee did as is reported to the intent that the maner thereof might be bruted abrode to his high prayse and glorious fame King Dauid within certaine yeares after was conueyed by the Earle of Northamton vnto Barwike where the most part of all the Nobles of Scotlande assembââ¦ed togyther to consult with him touching some agreement to bee had for hys raunsome but bycause they coulde growe to no certayne poynte therein hee was brought backe agayne to London and there remayned in prison as before Roger Kyrkpatrike slaine In the meane time Roger Kirkpatrike was slaine by Iames Lyndsey in a Castell where the sayde Iames dwelled and receyued the said Roger as his guest This Lyndsey fledde vpon the acte committed but yââ¦t beeing apprehended and brought to the gouernour Robert Stewarde he suffred death for that offence Shortly after that is to witte at Michaelmasse nexte ensuyng after King Dauid hadde beene at Barwike there was an agreemente made for his raunsome wherevppon beeing delyuered King Dauid is deliuered hee returned into Scotlande in the eleuenth yeare after hys takyng at Durham fielde It was agreed that there shoulde be payde for his raunsom one hundred thousand Markes sterling at sundrie dayes of payment as was accorded betwixt them Truce for .14 yeares Truce also was taken for the space of .xiiij. yeares betwixt both Realmes and dyuerse Nobles of Scotlande were appoynted to lye as Hostages in Englande tyll the money were payde as is before mentioned King Dauid was also bounde by couenaunt of agreement to raze certayne Castelles within Scotlande Castelsmed whiche seemed moste noysome to the Englishe Borders whiche couenaunt hee perfourmed for vpon hys returne into Scotlande hee cast downe the Castelles of Dalswynton Dunfreys Mortowne and Durysdere He also called a Parliament wherin he enacted sundrie things for the punishment of them that fled from him at Durham field A Parliament and first for that hys cousin Robert Stiwarde was one of them beeing through meanes thereof a greate cause of the ouerthrowe he procured that the act by whiche the crowne was appoynted for want of issue of his bodie lawfully begotten Robert Stewarde disinherited of the crowne Iohn Sutherlande made heyre apparant to defende vnto the sayde Robert Steward was vtterly reuoked and disanulled and Iohn Sutherlande the sonne of Iane his yongest sister appoynted heire apparant in place of the sayde Robert And all the Lordes of Scotlande were sworne to obserue and keepe this ordinance The Earle of Sutherlande father to the sayde Iohn in hope that his sonne shoulde enioy the Crowne gaue away the most part of his landes deuiding the same amongest his friendes as to the Hayes the Sinclares the Ogylbies and Gordones But hee was neuerthelesse deceyued of his hope for shortly after his sonne beeing one of them that was giuen in pledge to remaine in England The death of Iohn Sutherlande till the money for the kings raunsome was payde dyed there of the Pestilence in suche sorte as the moste part of the other pledges likewise did And shortlye after his deceasse Robert Stewarde againe ordeined heire apparant Robert Stewarde was reconciled to the Kings fauour and ordeyned heyre apparaunt to the crowne in semblable maner as he was before The Cleargie of Scotlande condiscended to giue the tenth pennie of all theyr fruites and reuenues towardes the payment of the Kinges raunsome The contribution of the Cleargie Not long after King Dauid called an other Councell wherein according to hys promyse made to the King of Englande before hys delyueraunce A demaunde proponed to the Lordes of Scotland he moued the Lordes and Barons of Scotlande in a matter whereof hee wyshed not to haue of them anye towardlye aunswere and that was thys Whether they coulde bee contented that after his deceasse the crowne of Scotlande shoulde bee transferred vnto the King of Englandes sonne and to hys lawfull heyres The Lordes hearing what was proponed vnto them Theyr answere aunswered wythoute anye long studie that so long as anye of them were able to beare armour or weapon they would neuer consent thereto King Dauid right ioyfull to heare them at this poynt thought himselfe discharged for that he was not bounde to labour further in this suite bycause his promise made to the King of England touching this poynt onely was that if the Scottish Lordes would agree then he should ââ¦ntaile the crowne to his sonne In the yeare next following which was from the Incarnation 1357. 1357 Queene Iane the wife of king Dauid went into Englande to see hir brother king Edwarde Queene Ianes death and died there before she returned leauing no issue behinde hir King Dauid maryeth Margaret Logy King Dauid after hir deceasse marked a yong lustie Gentlewoman named Margaret Logy daughter to sir Iohn Logy Knight but wythin three Monethes after hee repented him for that hee had matched himselfe wyth one of so meane Parentage He repenteth hââ¦s mariage to the dispamgoment of his bloud He banisheth ãâã And herevpon he banished both hir and all other that had counselled him to mary hir confining them for euer out of all the parties of his dominions ãâã complayed to the Pope Shee hirselfe went vnto Anignon where as then the Pope with his consistorie remained and entring hir plaint there in the Court followed the same with such diligence that in the ende sentence was giuen on hir syde that is so witte that King Dauid shoulde receyue hir againe into his companie Sentence giueÌ on our part and to accept and vse hir as his iust and lawfull wyfe Thus shoulde the Realme of Scotlande haue runne in trouble and daunger of interdiction had she not departed out of this life by the way in returning homewardes She departeth the worlde King Dauid in the meane time repayred sundrie places and strengthes of his realme and buylt a tower in Edenbourgh Castell Dauids tower buylt bearing the name after hym vnto thys day called Dauids Tower After this appeasing certaine Rebelles that sought to trouble the quiet state of the Realme he purposed to haue gone to Ierusalem but hauing prouided all things necessarie for suche a iourney he fell sicke of a burning feuer The death of king Dauid and died wythin the Castell of Edenbourgh in the xxxix yeare of hys raigne and .xlvij. of hys age Which was from the incarnation 1370. 1370 His bodie lyeth in holy Roode house where it was buryed in the yeare aforesayde Sundrie marueylous things were seene in the
mighty coursers they ranne togither right egeely At the firste course though they atteynted yet kepte they their saddles withoute anye perill of falling The people beholding howe stiffely Earle Dauid sate without mouing cryed that y e Scottishman was locked in his saddle He hearing this lepte besyde his Horse and right deliuerly mounted vp agayne into the saddle armed as he was to the greate wonder of the beholders This done he tooke another staffe and so togither they runne againe right fiercely the second time and yet without any great hurte on eyther part but the thirde time the Lorde Welles was borne out of the sadle and sore hurt with the fall The Lorde Welles borne out of his saddle And bycause the Earle of Crawford thus vanquished his aduersarie on saint Georges day he founded a Chanterie of seuen Priestes to sing in our Ladies Church of Dundee in memorie of Saint George which they did vnto our time not withoute singular commendation of the sayde Earle After this hee remained three monethes in Englande in sporting and feasting amongst the nobles before he returned into Scotlande highly praysed of all estates for his noble port and great liberalitie there shewed amongst them Prayse of the Earle of Crawfort Sir Roberte Morlay Not long after one Sir Roberte Morlay an Englishman came into Scotlande to trie hys manhoode in singular battel with whome so euer woulde come againste him hee vanquished one Archembald Edmounston and Hew Wallace but at length hee was ouercome by one Hewe Traill at Berwike and dyed shortly after vppon displeasure thereof conceyued The same yeere Richard King of England maried Isabell daughter to the Frenche King and soone after Richard King of Englande goeth into Irelande went into Ireland to subdue such Irishe Rebells as troubled the quiet state of the Countrey But in the meane time his Lords at home rebelled against him and determined to depose him from the Crowne so that vpon hys returne into Englande hee was apprehended and put in ward and shortly after King Richard is deposed constrayned to renounce all his righte to the Crowne and adiudged therewith to perpetuall prison yet at length He is adiudged to perpetuall prison as the Scottish Chronicle telleth he gote forth of prison disguised in womans apparell came into Galloway where hee fell in seruice with a Scottishman named Makdonald but at y e last He escapeth foorth of prison being bewrayed and knowen what he was and therevpon brought to King Robert he was right honorably by him entertained neuerthelesse knowing him selfe deposed from his royall estate hee gaue himselfe wholly to contemplation til finally he departed this world at Striueling and was buried in the blacke Friers there within the same towne as the same Scottish Chronicles vntruely do report But to the matter King Richard dieth at ââerling and lyeth buried there Henry the sonne of Iohn of GauÌt sometime Duke of Lancaster after y e King Richard was deposed Henry the fourth King of Englande is crowned 1399. I.M. 1400 was Crowned King of England at Westminster the .xiij. day of October in the yeere .1399 In the yere next ensuing that is to wit .1400 King Robert in consideratioÌ of a summe of money to him aforehand payd contracted couenants of mariage to be had and made betwixt his sonne the Duke of Rothsay and the Earle of Marches daughter The occasion of the falling foorth betwixt King Robert and the Earle of March but Archembalde Earle of Dowglas hauing indignation y t the Earle of March should be preferred before him by support of the Duke of Albany procured a counsel to be called in y e whiche hee founde meanes to assure his daughter the Lady Mariory vnto the sayd Duke of Rothsay and with al speede went about to consummate y e mariage betwixt them to put the matter out of all doubt The Earle of March perceiuing this dealing came to the King and required to know his pleasure if he minded to performe the couenantes coÌcluded concerning the mariage betwixt y e prince his daughter or not making as it were a great complainte of that which was already done to y e breach thereof and receyuing answere nothyng agreeable to his minde hee departed in a greate fume not sticking to say hee woulde be reuenged on such vntruth ere it were long Shortly after he fled into England leauyng his Castell of Dunbar The Earle of March fleeth into Eâ⦠well stuffed of all thyngs necessary for defence in the keeping of his sisters sonne named Robert Maitland but when Archembald Dowglas came thither in the Kyngs name and required to haue the Castell rendred into his hands The Castell of Dunbar ââ¦eyââ¦ed to the Kings vse this Robert Maitland obeyed the kings commaundemente and deliuered the house to the sayd Dowglas George Earle of March enformed hereof procured all his friendes to conuey themselues into England and determined with himselfe to do all the displeasure and mischife he mighte inuente against his owne natiue countrey King Roberte sore dreading least by thus Earles procuremente some trouble might hap to folowe amongst his subiectes sente an Herald at armes into England with letters vnto him King Roberte âââth vnto the Earle of Marche promising by the tenor of the same not only to pardon him of all offences committed but also to redresse all wrongs or iniuries which he hadde any wayes forth receyued if hee woulde returne into Scotlande for as much as the Earle of March refused this offer the same Hââ¦de according to instructions giuen him at his departure froÌ King Roberte wente immediately to Henry King of EnglaÌd with other letters Sent letters also vnto the King of Englande earnestly desiring him to cause the Earle of March to depart out of hys Realme and not to receyue any Rebelles out of Scotlande into his boundes whereby the peace mighte bee violated whiche as yet remayned betwixt the two Kingdomes King Henry vpon reasonable allegations as he pretended refused to satisfye King Roberts petitions in this behalfe by reason whereof the peace brake betwixte them and their subiects withoute any further tracting of time He was named of his terrible countenance and dreadful lookes the grimme Dowglas After his deceasse his seconde sonne that hight likewise Archembald was made Earle of Dowglas for his eldest sonne William Dowglas dyed in the yeere afore his father Henry King of Englande inuadeth Scotlande Shortly after Henry King of England came into Scotland with an Army without doing any great domage to the people for hee required no more of theÌ that kept any Castells or strengths but only to put foorthe a Banner of his armes as he passed by At his comming to Hadington he was lodged in the Nunrie there and shewed much bounteous humanitie towards the Nunnes and al other of that house not suffering any manner of thing to be done preiuditiall to the same The like gentlenesse he vsed towardes
Realmes of Scotland and Fraunce and also to get some power of Scottes to passe into Fraunce to support the sayd Charles against the Englishmen whiche as then sore inuaded his Realme Wherevpon shortly after by decree of councell it was ordeyned An army of Scottes sent into Fraunce that Iohn Stewarde Earle of Buchquhane second sonne to Duke Robert and Archimbald Dowglas Earle of Wigton should passe into Fraunce with .vij. thousande armed men The King of Englande enformed heereof to cause the Scottes to keepe their menne at home The King of England menaceth the Scottes menaced to inuade Scotland with a puissant army and that in all hast Whiche rumor beeyng spred ouer all the boundes of his Realme caused the Scottes for doubt thereof to lie all the nexte sommer on the bordures but in the meane tyme King Henry passed ouer into Normandy to pursue his Warres agaynste Fraunce with all diligence At length through procurement of the Duke of Burgoine vnder certayne conditions and couenauntes of agreemente The King of Englande marieth the daughter of Fraunce King Henry tooke to Wife the Lady Katherine daughter to the French King And amongst other Articles of the same agreement it was concluded The articles of agreement that after the decesse of Charles the Frenche King the Crowne of Fraunce should immediately descend vnto King Henry as lawfull inheritour to that Realme withoute all contradiction by reason whereof Charles the Dolphine and sonne to the sayde King Charles was cleerely excluded from all clayme to the same but this notwithstandyng The Dolphin of Fraunce maynteyneth the warre against the Englishmen the Dolphine did not only refuse to surrender hys title but also soughte to mainteyne the warre againste King Henry as his aduersarie and open enimie to the Realme In the meane while also the Earles of Buchquhan and Wigton with Alexander Lindsay brother to the Earle of Crawford and Thomas Swyntoun Knightes Scottish souldiours arriued in Fraunce accompanyed with seuen thousand well armed men arriued in Fraunce to the greate reioycing of the Dolphine as hee well declared in the thankfull receyuing and most hartie welcomming of them Finally Chatelon in Touraine deliuered to the Scottishmen the towne Castell of Chatelone in Tourayne was deliuered to them that they might haue a place at all times to resorte vnto at their owne will and pleasure Shortly after The battell of Bauge The Duke of ClareÌce slaine they were employed in seruice at the battell of Bauge soughte on Easter euen where y e Duke of Clarence brother to the King of EnglaÌde the Earle of Riddisdale otherwise called the Earle of Angus the Lord Rosse y e Lorde Gray diuers other great Barons were slayne beside other of the meaner sort in all to the number of sixteene hundred Prisoners taken There wer also a great company of prisoners taken at the same iourney amongst whome as principall were these the Earle of Huntington and the Earle of Sommerset with his brother both of them being breethren to the Lady Iane that was after married to King Iames the first Kyng of Scotlande For the high valiauncie of the Scottishmen shewed in this battel the Dolphin created the Earle of Buchquhan high CoÌnestable of Fraunce The Earle of Buchquhane is created Connestable of Fraunce gaue him sundry townes Castels and Lands therwith the better to maintayne his estate The King of Englande sore moued for the death of his brother came ouer with all speede into France with a mighty host and had with him Iames the Scottishe King The King of England taketh the Prince of Scotland ouer with him into Fraunce or rather Prince of Scotland for all this while the Scottes reputed him not as King for y t he was not as yet crowned nor set at libertie out of the Englishmens hands into the which as before ye haue hearde he chaunced to fall by his fathers life time The cause why King Henry did take thys Iames ouer with him at y e present into Fraunce was for that he hoped by his meanes to procure all the Sccottishmen that were in seruice with the Dolphin to forsake him and to returne home into their owne countrey but when he had broken thys matter vnto the saide Iames and promised that if he could bring it to passe he woulde not only remitte his raunsome but also send hym into Scotlande highly rewarded with greate riches The answere of Iames the king or rather prince of Scotlande Iames aunswered herevnto that hee maruelled much why he did not consider how he had no auctoritie ouer the Scottes so long as he was holden in captiuitie and as yet had not receyued the Crowne but sayeth he if it were so that I might be set at libertie had receyued y e Crowne according to the accustomed manner togyther with the othes and homages of my subiectes I could theÌ in thys matter do as should be thought to stande with reason but in the meane time I shall desire your grace to holde mee excused and not to will mee to doe that whiche I may in no wise performe King Henry toke it for a sufficient aunswere King Henry maruelling at the high wisedome which appeared to be planted in the head of that yong Prince left off to trauell with hym any further in this matter In the meane time the warres continuing betwixte the King of Englande and the Dolphin of Fraunce many townes were besieged wonne and sacked and sundry light bickerings and skirmishes chanced betwixte the parties as occasion serued The crewell dealing of the Englishmen towardes the Scottes But the Englishmen shewed themselues to beare suche hatred towarde the Scottes that so many as fell into their handes neuer needed to strayne their friendes for their raunsomes which crueltie they put not in practise against their enimies being of any other nation At length The death of Henry King of Englande King Henry fell into a greeuous disease whiche in shorte time made an ende of hys lyfe notwithstandyng all the helpe that eyther by Phisicke or otherwayes myght be ministred vnto him The same yeere 1422 The death of Charles the French King that is to witte .1422 the French King Charles the syxt of that name deceassed after whome succeeded his sonne Charles the seuenth before named the Dolphin as the custome there is By the death of these Kings the warres were not altogither so earnestly followed as before wherevppon the Earles of Buchquhane and Wigtoun returned into Scotlande and shortly after was an army leuyed and siege layde both to Roxburgh and to Barwike Roxburgh and Barwike beseeged but for that they lay long abroade and did no good returnyng home withoute gayne this iourney in derision was called the durty rode The Dyrtin rayde or as the Scots terme it the dirtin rayde But now to speake somewhat concerning the order of the common wealth in Scotlande yee shall vnderstande that after
feare of some troublesome tumult y t might be raised by his own people if occasioÌ were ministred either through hope of forrayn aide or otherwise So long therefore as this Castell was in y e Englishmens handes he doubted least through practise some conspiracie should be contriued betwixt his own subiects and the English nation greatly to the anoyance of his estate and thervppon he was the more desirous to reduce the same Castell into his possession The meane whereby King ââ¦ares might haue auoyded ââ¦aââ¦nger of death by his subiects But the only mean to haue assured himselfe from the handes of such as sought his life had bin to haue changed his wilful maner of gouernemeÌt and to haue leaned vnto such councell as would haue aduised him for y e wealth of his whole Realme not vpon desire to please haue maynteyned his vndiscret opinioÌs to y e wronging aswel of his commoÌs as of y e nobles peeres of his Realm for y e nobilitie of ScotlaÌd namely the Earles of Angus Argile Lennox the Lords Halis Hume Drowmound Grey and others perceyuing themselues oppressed by suche as froÌ base birth had risen without worthy deseruing to the degree of couÌsellors and therwith aduanced to so high authoritie The conspiracie of the Scottish Lords ãâã King ãâã the ãâã as al things were ordered at their appoyntment conspired togither determined by force of armes to see a reformation in such a disordred manner of gouernement but yet bycause it should not be thought that they minded the destruction of their countrey but rather y e aduancement thereof they made the Lorde Iames Duke of Rothsay sonne to the King a child borne to goodnesse vertue the chiefe Captayne in this their enterprise that in manner against his wil hereby openly protesting that they minded purposed the suppressing confusion of an euil king not y e subuersion of their natiue cuÌtrey By which their craftie imagined inuention they thought to remoue all suspition of their purposed vntroth shamefull disloyaltie They had sente to the Earle of Dowglas who remayned prisoner as ye haue heard in the Abbey of Lundoris and required him to assist them in their begun enterprise promising that they would restore him againe to his lands and former dignitie and honor him as principall of their faction But that noble wise ancient Erle being already schooled with troubles and hauing learned by experience to his great griefe what such matter meant refused to breake his warde or to assist them in any wise diswading them from their enterprise bycause it seemed to him neither godly nor honorable sithence both himselfe and his friends had tasted for y e like great hinderaÌce which might be an ensample to him others to beware in time to come The King being once enformed of this rebellioÌ conspiracie against him was sore disquieted in his mind to meete their mischeuoââ¦s attempts King Iames gathereth an army gathered an army Yet before the vsing of any force he sent messengers to his son to the nobles w t him to trie if he might come to some agreemente with them He sendeth letters to the Kings of England France He sente also letters to the king of England to the French king requiring theÌ to take some paines in y e mater to procure an atonement betwixt him and his nobles And besides this he wrote to Pope Innocent for y e same purpose praying him to intermedle his authoriââ¦ie by sending some legate into ScotlaÌd to apease the troubles thereof But the Scottish nobilitie such of the people as were vp in armour againste him were so desperately set wholly bent on reueÌge that no wholesom counsell nor medicinable aduice might apease their furious rage so that for answere to his messengers they sent him worde The answere of the Rebels to the kings message that if he would resigne the title of his Crowne Realm depose himselfe of his whole regall dignitie then they would come to some coÌmunication with him or else not The like answere was giueÌ to y e Ambassadors of England and France that were sente vnto them from y e Kings of both those Realmes which sore lamented the fortune of their friend alie the Scottish king But Adrian y e Bishop of Romes Legate came too late as who shuld say a day after y e fayre for when their grouÌded malice spiteful hatred coÌceyued against him mighte not beeÌ qualified by any manner of meanes but y t they wer now coÌming forward w t al their puissance to Striueling where he then remayned he would not stay til y e Erles of HuÌtley Errole Athole Crawfort Rothus SutherlaÌd Cathnes Marshall the BaroÌs Forbes Ogiluy Granth Frayser and other were arriued with their powers amounting to the number of fortie thousand men with the which they were coÌming forth of y e North partes to his aide but rashly without good aduice he issued out of the town acompanied with the Erles of Glencarne Montros the Lordes Graham Ruthuen Maxwell and certayne others and foorthwith ioyned battell with hys aduersaries at Bannockesburne within two miles of Striueling and so when nothing mighte quiet them at length they met thus in a pitched fielde They meete in a pitched fielde The King is put to the woorse He is slayne where after greate slaughter and murder made of an huge multitude of people the King beeing put to the woorse fledde into a Mill whither beeing fiercely followed and founde therein hee was cruelly slayne and vnreuereÌtly left starke naked A notable mirror to all earthly princes that calling to remembrance such a miserable and most dolorous sight they may take heede by what manner of persons they suffer them selues to be led and abused For if this Prince King Iames the third had not followed vpon a wilfull pretence and obstinate minde the councell and aduice of vauntperlors suche as being aduanced from base degree vnto hygh authoritie studyed more to keepe them selues in fauoure than to giue true aduertisementes and faithfull aduise vnto their Prince he myghte haue reigned longer by many dayes and yeeres in great and high felicitie He was thus slayne neere to Sterling on the eleuenth day of Iune the yeere after the incarnation 1488. 1488. being also in the .29 of his raigne He gouerned his Realme in greate rest peace He was a great iusticer Iustice and quietnesse riding him selfe in proper person diuers dayes and nightes to suppresse and take theeues robbers and oppressors of his subiects in all parts of the Realm til he had brought the countrey to great quietnesse He was learned and liberal He was learned and endewed with many other good vertues and qualities Anone after his Coronation y e Earle of Lennox and the Lord Lille with diuers other theyr assistantes notwithstanding that they had bene with him at the slaughter of his father seing
Scotlande well and honourably accompanied to trie what purchase he might make there for succours to attayne his pretended right to the crowne of Englande King Iames perceyuing no suche matter thought it better to returne with assured gaine King Iames returneth with out proffer of battaile than to tarie this newe sprong Dukes doubtfull and vncertaine victorie And so hauing his people laden and pestered wyth spoyle and prysoners he drewe backe into Scotlande The king of England aduertised hereof made preparation for the raysing of an armie meaning to send the same against the Scottes A rebellion in Cornwale but the rebellion of the Cornish men which chaunced the same tyme about a taxe leuied then of the people constrayned him to imploye that armye to represse the enterprise of those rebelles The Earle of Surrey sent in to the north Yet neuerthelesse he sent the Erle of Surrey to the borders that with the power of the Countrey adioyning he might defende the same from the inuasions of the Scottes if they attempted to breake in And so the Earle lay on the borders all that yeare King Iames then perceyuing that no maine armie came agaynst him 1498 The Scots inuade the borders of Englande inuaded eftsoones the borders of England and layde siege to the Castell of Norham sending hys lyght Horsemen abroade into Northumberlande and the Byshopryke of Durham where they burned and spoyled all aboute in the Countrey But hearing that the Earle of Surrey had raysed an armye and was comming towardes them The Earle of Surrey raysed an army they returned to the Hoste lying before Norham where King Iames perceyuing he coulde not wynne the Castell notwythstanding hee had done greate hurte and domage thereto The Scottes rayse their siege hee raysed hys siege retyred into hys Countrey and left greate companyes on the borders for defence thereof And so before the comming of the Englishe armye King Iames was returned The Earle of Surrey yet as the Englishe wryters affyrme followed into Scotlande The Earle of Surrey went into Scotland and tooke diuerse Castels towers remayning within the Countrey the space of sixe or seuen dayes and then came backe without battaile or any notable skirmish offered Aboute the same time was one Peter Hialas sent Ambassador from Ferdinando K. of Spaine to treate as a Mediator for the concluding of peace betwixt the kings of Englande and Scotlande Peter Hialas an Ambassador from the K. of Spaine which Hialas trauayled so earnestly in the matter that at length it was agreed that certain Commissioners of both the realmes should meete at Melrosse Commissioners met at Melrose or Iedworth as some say where for the king of England doctor Foxe then Bishop of Durham with this Hialas and other graue personages met the Scottish Commissioners A truce concluded for yeares After long conference and much talke had for the conclusion of a generall peace finally nothing but a truce might be accorded for certaine yeares though Hialas did what hee possible might to haue agreed them for all maner of matters quarels demaundes and causes whatsoeuer the same had beene The cause why Hialas was sent that a perpetual peace might haue bene concluded bycause he was cheifely sent for that intent The king of Englande requyred to haue the counterfeyte Duke of Yorke otherwise named Perkin Warbecke deliuered vnto him but king Iames esteeming his honour more than anye earthly thing woulde in no wise seeme to betray him that fled to him for succor An article for Perkin Warbeck and with whome he had coupled one of his owne kinneswomen in mariage but he was contented to couenant that the same Perkyn shoulde be constrayned to depart out of Scotland and not to be further ayded by him of ãâã any other through his meanes or procurement The king of Scottes to keepe promise made in the sayde treatie of peace and knowing himself to be abused by the sayde Richarde whom he had reputed to be verily Duke of Yorke K. Iames reasoneth with the counterfeyt Duke of Yorke although hee was not so called him before his presence and declared to him the greate fauour and good wyll which he had borne towardes him putting him in remembraunce that for his sake he had taken warre in hande agaynst Englande and inuaded the Countrey in hope of assystance by his friends within the lande where not one resorted to him And albeit he had maried his neare kinswoman yet might he not keepe longer warre with Englande for his sake onely except he might be sure of some ayde through his meanes wherof he could see no appearance He desired him therefore to withdraw forth of his Realme eyther into Flanders to his Fathers sister the Ladie Margaret or into some other place where it pleased him to abide and expecte some better time more conuenient for his purpose The sayde Richarde gaue the king thankes Perkyn Warbecke went into Irelande and obayed his pleasure departing shortly after out of Scotland Came into Fââ¦anders and sayled into Ireland from thence to transport into Flannders But finally making an attempt into Englande he was taken prisoner in the Abbay of Beaulieu togither with his wife whose beautie was such as king Henrie thought hir a more meete pray for an Emperor than for souldiers and therefore vsed hir right honourably appoynting hir to remaine in the court with the Queene his wife where shee continued so long as the sayde king lyued This yeare the peace being well kept betwixt England and Scotland 1499 the same was neare at poynt to haue beene broken The truce likâ⦠to be broken by reason that the English men which lay in garison within the castell of Norham did make a fray with certaine Scottish men that came ryding neare to the Castell as it had bene to haue viewed it but although they ment no euill yet diuerse of the Scottishmen were slaine and many wounded and sore hurt so that king Iames hauing information therof was sore displeased therwith thinking and saying that there was no more vncertaine thing than to haue peace with Englande And herevpon he sent his Heralde Merchmount with sharpe and vehement letters vnto the king of Englande making great complaint for this iniurie and wrong done to hys subiects by those within the Castell of Norham but receyuing moste reasonable letters for excuse of that which was done as well from the king of Englande himselfe King Iames requireth to talke with the Bishop of Durham as from the Bishop of Durham owner of the Castell hee was indifferently well appeased and satisfied so that he requyred to haue the Bishop to come into Scotlande vppon safeconduct to common with him as well for the full quieting of this matter as for other things which he had to talke with him of The Bishop by licence of the king his master accomplished the Scottish kings request so that comming into Scotland he was receyued by
him right honourably at Melrose where after certain talke had betwixt them for the appeasing of thys last displeasure King Iames purposeth to be a surer for mariage in England the king brake with the Bishop for the hauing of the Ladie Margaret eldest daughter to Henrie the seuenth as then king of England to be giuen him in mariage and further declared that he was minded to sende his Orators vnto hir father the sayde king Henry about the same matter And forasmuch as he knewe that the Bishop was one that might doe much with king Henrie who highly fauored him for his singular wisdom and learning he desired him to be a meane to further his sute which if it were obteyned he trusted should highly redounde to the honour and wealth of both the Realmes The Bishop considering herein as muche as the king was able to tell him did not onely promise to doe all that in him lay but also encouraged him to sende his Orators with all speede trusting that they should reteyne a right towardly answere King Iames following the Bishops aduise anone after his returne into Englande ââ¦mbassadors ââ¦nt into Engââ¦nde sent certaine persons Ambassadours vnto King Henry to moue him to the effect aboue mentioned These Ambassadors were highly welcomed verie well heard 1500 A mariage coÌcluded betwixt king Iames and the Lady Margaret so that to be briefe their request seemed so agreeable to king Henries minde that the mariage was shortly therevpon concluded but not cosummate betwixt the foresaid Iames king of Scotlande and the sayd Ladie Margaret daughter to king Henrie in the .xvij. yeare of the sayd king Henries raigne A peace concluded betwixt England and Scotland At the same time when this mariage was so agreed vpon a peace also was concluded betwixt the kings of Englande and Scotlande for the tearme of theyr two lyues And to auoyde that none of eyther of the sayde kings subiects that had offended the lawes should be receyued into any of theyr dominions it was accorded that no English man shoulde come within Scotland without his Princes letters supplicatorie vnto the king of Scottes nor any Scottish man to come within England without the like letters from his prince desiring safeconduct and passeport 1501 In the yeare nexte ensuing the Bishoppe of Glasgew the Earle Bothwell and other noble men of Scotlande were sent in Ambassade from king Iames vnto the king of Englande for the perfiting of the foresayde mariage betwixt King Iames and the Ladie Margaret eldest daughter to king Henrie which Earle by letters of procuracie and Mandate in the name of his maister king Iames affied and handfasted the foresayde Ladie Margaret in all solemne wise according to the maner This was in the yeare 1502 which assurance and contract thus made was published at Paules Crosse in London on the day of the conuersion of Saint Paule in reioysing whereof Te Deum was sung and Fiers made with great feasting and banketting throughout that Citie This done the Ambassadors returned into Scotlande and then afterwardes was great preparation made in Englande for the conueying of the sayde Ladie into Scotlande and lykewyse great purueyance there for the receyuing of hir The .xvj. of Iune King Henrie tooke hys iourney from Richmont with his daughter the sayde Lady Margaret and came to Coliweston where his mother the Countesse of Richmont then lay And after he had remayned there certaine dayes in pastime and great solace he tooke leaue of hys daughter giuing hir his blessing with a fatherly exhortation and committed the conueyance of hir into Scotland vnto the Earle of Surrey and others The king of Denmark commeth into Scotlande About this time the king of Denmark through deuision that did rise betwixt him and his Lordes was constrayned to forsake his Countrey and to come for ayde into Scotlande where the king receyued him louingly and vpon his earnest sute for that he was both his cousin and confederate and also the rather at the contemplation of the French kings request and perswasioÌ he prepared an armie of tenne thousande men the whiche vnder the conduct of the Erle of Arrane he sent with the sayde king of Denmarke to assist him against his aduersaries He is restored to his kingdome by the Erle of Arrane Lieutenant to king Iames. The Earle of Arrane according to his commission attending the Danish king into his couÌtrey restored him to his kingdom and former gouernment and so leauing him in peaceable possession thereof returned with his armie againe into Scotland with great honour both to himselfe the king and realme Shortly after was a Parliament called during the which the Queene was crowned and many good actes and constitutions made especially touching the lymitting of places where iustice should be ministred in the Iles and hie lands The hyeland men obedient ãâã lawes whereby it came to passe that the king was aswel obeyed and his lawes were as duely obserued and kept by the hie lande men as by those that dwelled in any part of the low land 1504 The king then being at peace with England and iustice so ministred amongest his owne subiects that they liued in greate rest and quietnesse certaine of his counsell deuised wayes to winne the king great profite and gaynes by calling hys barons and all those that helde any landes within his realme A deuise to get the king money to shew their euidence by way of recognition and if they had not writings to shewe according to the auncient instruments lawes of the realm sufficient for their warrant the lands shoulde remaine at the kings pleasure but when the king perceyued his people to grudge herewith and not without cause as with a thing deuised to disquiet his people and the whole countrey of his owne curteous and gentle nature he easily agreed with the possessors of such lands for the whiche he purchased great loue amongest his people and the deuisors of that ordinaunce wanne passing great hatred and malice This yeare in May the king helde his court of Iustice at Lowder 1506 and remouing it to Edenbourgh there continued the same where the Lord of Thorneton was conuicted for killing his wife and therefore lost his head There came an Ambassadour this yeare also from the Duke of Gelderland to renue the league betwixt the King and the sayde Duke Also an Heralde came oute of Fraunce that brought newes which the king liked well This yeare also A great ship made the King caused a mightie Shippe to be made the which was put forth into the road the seuenth of Iuly and the king sayled himselfe into the May an Ilande in the Forth and was driuen in againe with tempest but the same shippe was after appoynted forth and sent to the Sea with sundrie valiant Gentlemen in hir to meete with the Hollanders whiche had taken and spoyled diuerse Scottish ships and throwne the Marchantes and other that were in
wold haue resisted him But at his being in Londer the keyes of y e Castell of Hume were brought vnto him which on the next morow he receyued and put men within it to keepe it as hee did in Laughton and Wedderborne which he receyued at the same time The master of Hales The master of Hales was also sought for at that time that hee mighte haue bin apprehended to answere the slaughter of Dauid Hume Prior of Coldingham whome hee had slayne trayterously A little before this Parliamente the Bishop of Dunkeld was returned froÌ y e French King with a bande of y e league renued betwixt Scotland and France The band of league betwixt ScotlaÌd and France Captayne Mores And at that same time was one Captayne Mores a Frenchman sent foorth of France with a certayne number of men to receyue the Castell of Dunbar into hys keeping which accordingly he did y e same beeing deliuered vnto him 1518 The Erle of Lenox who had bin with y e gouernor in France returned home into Scotland and with him came a Frenche Heralt from the king with letters and master Walter Stewarde Abbot of Glenluce came likewise from y e gouernoure The Abbot of Glenluce And about that time bycause the Queene and Lords were aduertised that the French king had contracted newe bandes of peace and amitie with the king of England without making meÌtion of Scotlande they thought themselues euill vsed being his confederate friends The Scots euil vsed at the French kings hands and therevpon sent sharp letters to the King of Fraunce and to the gouernour by Albany the Herralde In the moneth of Iune Master Gawin DuÌbar Archdeane of Saint Androwes and Clearke of the Register was preferred to the Bishops seate of Abberdene y t was vacant by the death of Alexander Gourdon This Gawin founded an Hospitall in Abberdene The Bishop of Aberdine a builder and endowed the same with lands for sustenance of twelue poore men with a prouost to haue care ouer them He also builded a faire bridge with seuen arches ouer the water of Dee beside Aberdene and purchased landes for the perpetuall vpholding thereof He also builded two Steeples in the Cathedrall Church with halfe of the crosse Church and a faire Palace for the small Prebendaries called the Chaplaynes Moreouer hee bestowed many rich pretious ornaments vpon the same Church of Abirdene as Copes Chalices and other suche like things which remayned there long after Many right commendable works were accomplished by this diligente Prelate greatly to his praise and high renowne for he spent not the frutes of his benefice in vayne but on suche manner of buildings Conuention betwixt the Erle of Rothes and the Lorde Lindsey The seuenteenth of Iune there rose greate sturre in Edenburgh by the falling out of the Erle of Rothes and the Lord Lindsey about the enioying of the Sherifweeke of Fife by reason whereof they were both put in warde the one in Dunbar and the other in Dunbertayne The cause of ââ¦tred betwixt the Queene and ãâã husband About the beginning of August the Queene remayning in Edenburgh vnderstoode that the Erle of Angus hir husband as then soiourning in Dowglas Dale had taken a faire gentlewoman in those partes and kept hir as his concubine for the which acte she conceyued such hatred againste him that there was neuer no perfect loue betwixt them aftewards In the beginning of Februarie there came a Clearke as Ambassador from the Frenche King with letters concerning the concluding of the truce betwixt Scotland and England whiche message the Lords made small account of bycause the king had omitted to comprehend Scotlande in the league which he lastly made with England The seuenth of Iune 1519 A mâ⦠man a madde man in DuÌdee slew in his wood fitte a Lady of inheritance a Nunne with two other women the one of theÌ being great with Childe and also two men The king of England wrote letters vnto the Frenche King The king of England seeketh to keepe the Duke of Albany foorth of Scotland desiring him to stay the Duke of Albany that he might not come into Scotland and furthermore he sayde Ships of warre in the pace vpon the Seas to watche for his comming and to take him by the way as he shoulde passe In September the King was remoued forth of the Castell of Edenburgh vnto Dalkith for doubt of the pestilence which was suspected to be in the Castell of Edenburgh The Earle of Arrane And from Dalkith the Earle of Arrane rode to Edenburgh to haue bin eftsoones elected regent and prouost of that Towne but he missed his purpose for y e townesmen woulde not suffer hym to enter but repulsed hym backe so that diuers were hurt on both sides Dissention betwixt the Earles of Arrane and Angus Herevppon greate dissention rose betwixte the sayde Earle of Arrane and the Erle of Angus bycause of his repulse in that suite whereby the whole Realme was deuided into partakings so that sundry slaughters thereof ensued as of the Prior of Coldingham and sixe of his men murthered by the Lard of Wedderborne at Lamerton the sixt of October About the same time the king returned to the Castell of Edenburgh and in the towne there were remayning the same tyme the Earles of Angus Erroll and Crawford the Lorde Glames and other the Bishops of Saint Androwes Aberdine Orkney and Dunblane with dyuers Abbots and other Prelates And in the towne of Glasgo was the Bishop of Glasco Chancellor with y e Earles of Arrane LeÌnox EglentoÌ and Cassels the Lords Rosse Sempil the Abbot of Pasley the Bishop of Galloway and other noble men of the West Thus the Lords were deuided and would not take any order for the good gouernemente of the common welth Monsieur de la Fayot In December Monsieur de la Fayot and a french Clearke called Cordell with an Englishe Herrald called Clarenceaux came froÌ the Kings of Fraunce and Englande with an Ambassador also from the gouernor with a conclusioÌ of peace taken for one yeere betwixt Scotland and England who comming to Edenburgh were receyued by the Earle of Angus and the other Lordes there with him the whiche sent for the Chancellor and the Earle of Arrane to come thither but they wold not come any nerer thaÌ to Linlithgo The Ambassador therefore tooke in hand to perswade that an assemble might be had in Striueling but the Earle of Angus woulde not come there Neuerthelesse the said Ambassadors wente thither where the Erle of Arrane and his partakers as the Chanceller and others receyued them thankfully The peace proclaymed and proclaymed the peace accordyng to the treatie which they had brought and so with courteous answer and great rewards licenced theÌ to depart But in their returne towarde Englande the Earle of Angus with a greate number of menne met theÌ at Carlancrok reproouing them sharply for their demeanor and for taking
their answere of the Chancellor so that they were not a little afraid least y e Erle in his displeasure would haue vsed some outrage towardes them which otherwise than in words it should appeare he did not In Ianuary about the keeping of a Courte at Iedworth 1520 Variance betwixt the Erle of Angus and the Lord of Ferniââ¦rst there was reising of people betwixte the Earle of Angus on the one part and the Lorde of Fernihurst in whose ayde Iames Hamilton came with foure hundred Mers men but the Lorde of Sesseforde then Warden assisting the Erle of Angus his part met Hamilton at Kelso with a greate company and when they were light a foote and shoulde haue foughten the Mers men left sir Iames Hamilton in al y e danger with a fewe of his owne men about him so that with muche payne he was horsed and escaped in greate daunger vnto Hume with losse of foure of his seruantes which were slayne and on the other parte there was an Englishman slayne called Raufe Car that came in aide of the Warden On the morrowe after the Larde of Fernihurst as Bayly to the Earle of Arrane of that regalitie helde his Court at the principall place of the forrest of Iedburgh and the Earle himselfe helde his Courte likewise in an other parte of the same lande three miles distant from the other The thirtie day of Aprill the Larde of Wedderborne and Maister William Dowglas newly made Prior of Coldingham with theyr partakers in greate number came to Edenburgh to ayde the Erle of Angus who was within the Towne agaynste the Earle of Arrane and the Chancellor who were also there But nowe by the comming of these succours whiche entred by force at the neather bowe and slewe the Maister of Mountgomery and Sir Patrick Hamilton Knighte the Earle of Arrane and the Chancellor were constreyned to forsake the Towne and to passe through the North loch The one and twentie of Iuly y e Erle of Angus beeing in y e Towne of Edenburgh George Hume brother to the late Lord Hume beheaded came thither with the Abbot of ColdinghaÌ brother to the Earle of Angus and Dauid Hume of Wedderborne a great company of Gentlemen others and passed to the Tolbuith where they remayned till the heads of the Lorde Hume of his brother William were taken downe beside the place where they were fastned on a gavil The Lorde Humes head taken downe and this was done in presence of the prouost for the time being The next daye they went to Linlithgew and from thence to Striueling in hope to haue found the Chancellor and some other of that faction there but missing of their purpose they returned to Edenburgh agayne and causing solemne funerall obsequies to be kepte in the blacke Friers for them that ought those heads with offerings and banquets they afterwards returned home to their owne dwellings without attempting any other thing for that present The Duke of ââ¦any returneth into Scotlande In Nouember the Duke of Albany arriued in ScotlaÌd on the west partes at an Hauen called Grawrach the nineteenth of the same moneth and on the three and twentie he came to Edenburgh accompanyed with the Queene the Archbishop of Glasgo Chancellor the Earle of Huntley and many other Lords Knights Barons and Gentlemen and within sixe dayes after their coÌming thither the Prouost and Baylifes were deposed The prouost Baylifes of Edenburgh deposed bycause they had bin chosen in fauour of the Earle of Angus and other appoynted in their romthes Then was there a Parliament summoned to be kepte at Edenburgh the sixe and twentie of Ianuarie next folowing and on the ninth of Ianuary A Parliamente ââ¦moned a general sommonance of forfalture was proclaimed at y e market Crosse in Edenburgh wherein were summoned y e Earle of Angus his brother 1521 the Prior of ColdinghaÌ the Lorde of Wedderborne the Lorde of Dalehousy Iohn Sommerwell of Cawdstreme and William Cockborne of Langton with theyr complices to make their appearance in the sayde Parliament to be tried for sundry great offences by them committed Gawin Dowglas Bishop of Dunkââ¦ilde ââ¦th into Englande Master Gawin Dowglas Bishop of Dunkeld hearing of this Proclamation fledde into England and remayned in LoÌdon at the Sauoy where hee departed this lyfe and is buried in the Church there He was a cunning Clearke and a very good Poet he translated the twelue bookes of the Eneidos of Vergill in Scottish Metre and compiled also the Palace of honor with diuers other treatises in the Scottish language which are yet extant The Earle of Angus The Earle of Angus feareth the sentence of forfalture fearing the sentence of forfalture to bee layd against him at the Parliament procured his wife although there was small liking betwixte them to labor for his pardon vnto the gouernor Wherevpon it was agreed that the Earle and his brother George Dowglas shoulde passe out of the Realme into France He and his ââ¦ther banished and there to remayne during the gouernours pleasure and so they departed into Fraunce and remayned there all the next yeere following The king of England hearing that the Duke of Albany was ariued in ScotlaÌd and had taken the rule vpon him doubting least he shoulde perswade the Scottishmen to assist the French king against whome by perswasion of the Emperour he meante shortly to make warre Cââ¦areÌtieux an English Herâ⦠sent into Scotlande sente this Herrald Clarentienx into Scotlande to require the Duke to departe from thence alledging that it was promised by the K. of Fraunce at the last enteruewe betwixte them which chanced the Sommer before that he shuld not come into Scotland And moreouer wheras the king of Englande was vncle vnto y e King of Scots he considered with him selfe that by nature he was bounde to defend his Nephew as hee ment to do therefore he thought it not reason y t the Duke being next to y e Crowne to succeede The King of EnglaÌd doubteth to haue the Duke of Albany gouernour to the king his Nephewe if ought came to y e yong king should haue the gouernement of him least he might be made away as other yong kings had bin He further complained that y e Erle of Angus should be sent forth of y e Realme so y t he could not enioy y e company of his wife sister to the same K. of England Warre denouÌced by ClareÌtieux against the Duke of Albany Clarentieux had therefore commandement that if y e Duke refused to depart out of y e Realm of Scotland he should intimate a defiance with opeÌ war against him which the saide Clarentieux did declaring his message vnto the Duke from point to point at Holy Roode house as he had in coÌmandement To whom y e Duke answered The Dukes answere that neyther y e king of France nor the king of Englande shoulde stay him from comming into his countrey and
as touching the King who was as yet yong in yeeres hee loued him as his soueraigne Lord and woulde keepe him defend both him his Realm against all other that would attempt to inuade y e same according to his conscience honor dutie And as touching the Erle of Angus he had vsed towards him all clemencie mercie notwithstaÌding his euil demerites and that principally for the Queenes cause whom he woulde honor as mother to his soueraigne Lorde Thys answer being reported to the king of Englande coÌtented him nothing at all and therefore prepared to make warre The tenth of Aprill 1522 there came seueÌ great ships into y e Forth vnto Inchkeith to haue spoyled y e Ships inuaded y e coast there But they were so stoutly resisted kept off y t they were not suffered to do any great exploit so they returned without pray or prise The death of the Archbishop of saint Androwes Iames Beaton succeeded him In thys season Androw FormaÌ Bishop of S. Androws deceased and Bishop Iames Beaton Archbishop of Glasgo Chancellor of ScotlaÌd was remoued to S. Androws made Abbot also of DuÌfermeling the Archbishoprike of Glasgo was giueÌ to a yong man one Gawin Dunbar that was the kings Scolemaster In the moneth of May A sturre in Edenburgh ther was a great adoe in Edenburgh by y e falling out of y e seruants of y e Erles of Murrey Errol with the seruauntes of the Earle of Huntley by reason whereof the whole towne fell to partakings but the Duke comming suddenly from the Abbey of Holy Roode house stayed the matter committed the said Earles vnto warde within y e Castell The Emperor commeth into Englande The Emperour came into EnglaÌd perswaded y e K. there to moue warres against y e French K. and so not only y e Frenchmen but also the Scots were commanded to auoide out of EnglaÌd Scottes and Frenchmen banished forth of Englande their goodes confisked they coÌueyd forth of y e land w t a white crosse sowed vpoÌ their vppermost garmeÌt The Earle of Shrewesburie inuadeth Scotland In Iuly the Erle of Shrewesburie was sente by the king of England vnto the bordures with commission to rayse the power of the Northe partes to inuade Scotlande who vpon the suddayne entred and came to Kelso where he burnt one parte of the towne but the bordurers of the Mers and Teuidale not being halfe so many in number as the other set vpon them slewe tooke many prisoners and so constreyned them to returne into Englande with small honor The Duke of Albany hearing of the greate preparation that y e Erle of Shrewesburie made to raise an army of fourescore thousande men to inuade Scotlande hee likewise sente vnto all the Earles The Duke of Albany reyseth an Army to inuade Englande Lords and Nobles of the Realme willing them to raise all suche power as they coulde make in defence of their couÌtrey which they did and so being assembled the Duke with a mighty army of Scottishmen and certayne Frenchmen with greate artillerie marched forwarde till bee came to the water of Eske foreaneynst Carkle and perceiuing that the English armie came not then forwarde he did what he could to perswade the Noble men to enter into Englande but as they were in counsell togither about that earnest motion made to them by the Duke a certayne graue personage sayde to them in this manner My Lords The words of a Counseller hither be we come by the commaundement of my Lord gouernor Duke of Albany albeit we be ready to defende our owne natiue Realm coÌtraire y e inuasioÌ of our auld enimies of Englande yet neuerthelesse it seemeth not guid nor for the weale of our realme of Scotlande to passe within England with our army to inuade the same at this time and the earnest perswasioÌs whilke the gouernoure makes to vs to doe the same proceedes alaneââ¦ly for y e pleasure of FraÌce it appeareth to be sufficieÌt ynough for vs so lang as the king our soueraigne Lord is within age to defende our owne Realme and not to inuade otherwise we mar put the hayle countrey and nobilitie thereof in hazard of Tinsall for K. Iames the fourth brought the Realme of Scotlande to the best that it euer was and by the warre it was brought to the worst almost that might bee for by that warre was hee and his nobilitie tinte whilke Scotlande sare laments Wherefore by mine aduice let vs goe to the gouernor knowe of him the cause why he waulde perswade vs to inuade England Then they all came to the gouernours tente and the Earle of Arrane an aunciente wise man spake for them al The Earle of Arrane declareth to the gouernor the mind of the Lordes and sayd My Lord gouernor by your will and commandement here is assembled the maist of the nobilitie of Scotlande with their power vpoÌ a preteÌce to enter within England my Lords here wauld know the cause and quarrell why this warre is begun gif it myghte please your goodnesse it should well satisfie theyr mindes The Duke studied a little space The Dukes answere to the Erle of Arrane and sayde this question woulde haif bin demaunded ere now for well you know that I for very lufe I beare to the Realme of Scotland of y e whilke I haue my name honor and liguage haife passed the Seas from the noble Realme of Fraunce into this Realme of Scotlande and great cause there was for me so to do to bring you to a vnitie when ye ware in diuision by reason whereof youre Realme was like to haue bin conquered and destroied And also the king of France by my suites intercession will ioyne with you in aide against y e English nation and when this warre was determinate in the Parliamente you made me Captayne authorising me to inuade England with Banner displayde Then was no demaund made of the cause or quarrell and that I haif done is by your assente and agreemente and that I will iustifie But to answere youre demaund me thinke you haife iust cause to inuade England with fire swoorde and bloud gif ye bee not forgetfull and without you will beare dishonor and reproch for euer For yee knowe that this Realme of Scotland is our inheritance as a portion of the worlde allotted to our nation and auncestors whome we succeede then where may there bee better warre than to maintayne thys our naturall inheritance Is it not dayly seene the greate inuasions that the Englishmen on vs make the greate manslaughter and murders with thefts and spoyles that they do daily Is not this one cause of warre to defend the countrie is the office of a king the honor of noble men and the very seruice of chiualrie and the dutie naturall of the communaltie for I thinke it a iust quarrell gif we mighte conquere the Realme of England and
Realme vpon them as these The Archbishops of S. Andrews and Glasquho the bishops of Aberden and Dunblane The Earles of Angus Argyle Arrane and Lennox the Quene was adioyned to them as principall withoute whose aduice nothing should be done From this Parliament also was the Erle of Cassels sente with answere vnto the King of Englande hee come to London the ninteenth of Marche But bicause the king had knowledge that the French King was ââ¦en at the battaile of Pauie hee woulde not proceede in the treatie of marryage betwixte the kyng of Scotlande and his daughter till he had the Emperours aduice Truce tenââ¦ed whome he affirmed to bee his confederate friend and in renuing the truce for three yeares and syxe monethes the Ambassadours returned into Scotland about the beginning of Aprill next ensuing without any contract of mariage at that time The Argument betwixt the Queene and Lords continued not long for anone after died the Bishop of DuÌkeld whose benefice the E. of Angus obtained of the king for his brother W. Dowglas without the aduice of the Queene and other Lords wherevpon the Q. departed and went vnto Striueling The King not in his owne power leauing the king w t the Erle of Angus who togither w t the Erle of Lennox toke the whole rule and gouernemeÌt of y e Realme and K. vpon him made his Vncle Archimbald Dowglas treasourer of the Realme and then the saide Earles of Angus and Lennox bestowed benefices offices and al other things by the aduice of George Dowglas brother to the saide Earle of Angus and others of that faction In this meane time the Archbishop of Saint Andrewes and the Earles of Arrane Arguile and Murrey remaining with the Queene of Striueling alledged that the king was wythholden froÌ them by the E. of Angus sore against his wil and therefore they sente vnto the Earle requiring him to deliuer him but y e Erle caused the K. to giue the answere himself that he would not come from the Erle of Angus albeit he wold gladly haue bin out of his hands if he might as by secret message sent to sundry of the lordes likewise at that time it appeared for he willed the bâ⦠priuie meanes to assemble an army and to come fetch him out of their handes that thus deceiued him Herevpon shortly after they raysed a power The Queene mother in armes and comming therewith to Linlithgew purposed to passe vnto Endenburgh y t they might get the K. out of the Erle of Angus his handes the said Erle w t the Earle of Lennox other his assistants being thereof aduertised came to y e fielde w t the kings banne displayed brought the king with him although partly against his wil. The Queene with such Lords as were with hir there in the armie for the reuerence they bare to the Kyngs person and fearing the daunger that mighte chaunce vnto them if they buckled togither in a foughten field they withdrew theÌselues to Striueling and from thence the Queen went into Murrey laÌd with y e Erle of Murrey and there remayned a long time after The Earles of Arrane and Arguile went into the Weste Countrey and the Bishoppe of Saint Andrewes to Dunfermeling and then the Earle of Angus toke vppon him more boldly the gouernement of the King and Realme and sent to the Bishoppe of Saint Androwes who was chauncellour for the great seale which was deliuered to them that were so sent for it The great seale deliuered The nobles of the Realme remaining thus at variance and deuided amoÌg themselues there was small obedience of lawes and iustice diuers slaughters in sundry parts were committed great theftes and robberies made by the borderers vpoÌ the Inland Countries Moreouer this yere y e displeasure stil continuing betwixt the Queene the kings mother and hir husband the Earle of Angus she clerely forsooke him and so vsed the matter that she was married to Henry stewarde brother to Andrew Stewarde Lorde Auendale to whome she had borne good wil as hath bin reported long before which Henry was after created by the king Lorde of Methwen 1526. The foure and twentith of Iulye the King being accompanied with the Earle of Angus y e Lorde Hume the Karres and others roade vnto Iedburgh in purpose to haue reformed the misgoueraunce of y e borderers but after that they had remained there three dayes with little obedience shewed towards them they returned and on the nine and twentith day of Iuly at the Bridge of Melrose The Lard of Boclough his enterprice to take the king from the Earle of Angus the Lard of Boclough accompanyed w t aboue a thousand horsemen began to shew himselfe in sighte whose principall purpose was to haue taken the King from the Earle of Angus his assistantes being requested and commaunded by the King himselfe so to do The Erle of Angus incontinently sente an Herrauit vnto the Larde of Boclough to know what his intention was to doe who aunswered that he came to do the King honour and seruice and to shewe his friends and power as the vse is of the borderers The Earle of Angus w t the Lorde Hume and the rest not being contente wyth thys aunswere bicause of the great feude betwixte hym and the Humes and the Karres sente vnto him a commaundemente in the Kings name to departe and not to approche neere to the kinges presence vnder paine of high treason wherevnto he answered that he knew the kings mind wel ynough and would not spare for his commaundemente to come to his graces presence whyche aunswere receiued from him incontinentlye the Earle of Angus the Lords Fleming and Hume the Karres the Larde of Sesseford with theyr friendes alighted on foote the King remayning on horsebacke accompanied with the Erle of Lenox the Lord Marwek George Dowglas and Ninian Crechton Tutor of Sanquhââ¦r The Lard of Bouclough lighted also on foote but bicause the most parte of his men were of the theeues and outlawes of the borders commonly called broken men vppon their firste approche to the ioyning with their speares they fledde leauing the Larde of Boclough with a smal number of his owne seruauntes aboute him in all the daunger yet they defended themselues righte maÌfully and slewe the Larde of Sesseforde and diuers other on the Earle of Angus his side The Lard of Sesseforde slaine The Lard of Boclough put to flight but finallye ouerpressed with multitude they were put to flight and fourescore of Bocloughes men slaine in the chase After this the King reââ¦ourned to Iedburgh and remained there the space of foure dayes and then returned to Edenburgh All this while the King was gouerned and holden against his will by the Earle of Angus and his assisters although he did not outwardly shewe so in countenaunce but dissembled the matter as well as hee mighte yet perceiuing two enterprises to haue quayled that hadde bene attempted for his deliueraunce he thought to
Rothes the Prior of Saint Andrewes the Lord Ruthuen the Maister of Lindsey and diuers other hauing with them no greate number Certaine frenchmenne slaine but yet they daylye skirmished with the Frenchmen and would not suffer them to come from the Seasyde where diuers Frenchmenne were slayne and one of their Captaynes with thirtie of his Souldiers and few Scottishmen or in manner none excepte that the Earle of Southerland who chanced to be with them at the pricking was sore hurt in the arme with the dredge of a calliuer shot As the Frenchmen were in their progresse at the mouth of the water of Leuin in Fiffe there arriued in their sight a nauie of Shippes which at the first kenning they tooke to be freÌch Shippes but shortly after perceyuing them to be the English nauie they returned with greate diligence to Brunt Iland The Towne Burnt Ilande is fortified where they past the ferrie of Kingcorne in boates and crayers to Leith and instantly beganne to fortifie that Towne casting greate trenches about it and making great blockhouses for their defeÌce The English Shippes came to the roade of Lieth An Englishe nauye where they cast ancars the _____ day of Ianuary The Queene Regente sente vnto the Vice Admirall of that fleete named Maister Winter requiring to knowe of him for what cause hee was come into those waters who aunswered that he had bin abrode on the Seas seeking after Pirates and in case anye of them came thither hee was arriued there in the Forthe to waite on them where the principall cause indeede was to impeache that no Frenchman shoulde lande there in case any came forthe of Fraunce and also to keepe theÌ that lay in Inskeith from vittayles and that no Frenchman should passe by Sea forth of Leith A Scottes Herrault sente to the Duke of Norffolke Aboute the same time the Queene Regent hearing that the Duke of Norffolke was come to Newecastell as generall Lieutenaunt of the Northe sente an Herrault with a letter to him in whiche letter it was signified that the Herrault had credite to declare further matter than was conteyned in the same letter but when hee was demaunded what hee had to saye he denyed to haue anye credit at all wherevpon William Flower then Chester Herraulte An English Herrault sente to the Queene of Scottes and now Norrey Kyng of Armes was sente vnto the Queene who commyng to Holy Roode house neare to Edinburgh was receyued by sundry Herraultes and so was had to one of theyr houses and there kepte for that nyght The nexte daye after hee had dyned he was brought to the Court and at his entryng within the gates there were a number of Harquebusiers readye wyth their peeces that dischardged and shot off the same At hys commyng to the presence of the Queene hee with duetifull obeysaunce deliuered his letters and after the same had bin redde he was demaunded what credit he had to vtter whervpon he declared that the Duke of Norffolke being the Queenes Maiesties liuetenaunt in the Northe partes of Englande marueyled greately that she woulde send an Herrault with letters and write therein howe shee had giuen credite to hym and yet when he was demaunded to vtter his credite hee shoulde confesse that he had none The Queene heerewith called for the Herrault to vnderstande whether he had credite or not who denyed to haue had any at all wherewith the Queene seemed to be somewhat abashed but neuerthelesse she brake forth and sayd that she maruelled greately that the Queene of Englande shoulde send hir shippes into hir Riuer without giuing hir knowledge aforehand Chester aunswered thereto that where it was certaynely knowen that the French King had prepared to send a power of men of Warre into Scotlande without aduertising hir thereof shee coulde not but thinke that dealing verye straÌge therfore had in very deede sent certaine of hir Shippes with vittayles for prouision to be laid within hir Townes and Castels on the fronters the whiche Shippes by tempest beeing dispersed mighte happily be driuen into the riuer there albeit hee hadde not spoke with any of them since their comming forthe but yet as hee had hearde by others they had bin very vncurteously vsed for comming in after that manner for succour the Canon had bin bent against them Herewith the Counte Martigues standyng by Martigues a forwarde captaine but an vntrew prophet beganne to speake very stowte words vnto Chester alledging that where it was perceyued well enoughe that the Queene of Englande mente to make warre againste his Maister the Frenche Kyng hee trusted shee shoulde gaine as little thereby as his sister had done in breaking with hir father Henry the late French King Chester heerevnto aunswered that hee thought to haue found but one regent in Scotland to whome he should neede to make aunswere wherevpon Martigues was commaunded to silente All this while the Queene had talked with Chester in the Scottishe tong and bycause hee did not so well vnderstande hir hee beganne to speake in the French language whereat the Q. seemed greately to reioyce and beganne agayne to discourse with hym of hir griefes he on the other part made hir aunswer as fell to purpose and at length when hee was demaunded what further credite he hadde he declared that where she hadde requested a safeconduct for Monsieur la Brosse to passe through EnglaÌd into FraÌce if shee woulde see hym safely conueyd to Berwike he durst assure hir of a sufficient safeconduct for his safe passage through the Queene his mistres Realme but at length there was another Gentleman commended to him in lieu of La Brosse that was his Cousin And nowe when Chester should take his leaue he declared that he had not bin courteously dealte with for sithence his comming thither hee coulde not bee suffered to passe anye where abrode out of hys Chamber but at meale times and therefore if any of hir messengers should chance to come into the Queene his mistresse dominions hee would procure if he might that they shoulde tast of the like enterteynement but the Queene seemed not to vnderstande that he had bin in anye wise so hardly dealt with shewing that she was not well contented therewith and so Chester tooke his leaue and returned backe into England without any reward for his paynes taken in that iourney at the handes of the Scottish Queene howsoeuer she liked of his message The lord Grey ãâã vnto the Queene The Lord Grey being in Muskelburgh sent to the Queene Regente that lay as then in the Castell of Edenburgh desiring an abstinence of warre for foure and twenty houres that in the meane time he might sende some of his Counsell to declare vnto hir the cause of his comming with that army and to coÌmune of suche things as might slaunch the shedding of bloud The Queene graunted heerevnto and sent an Herrault to Leith to cause the said assurance to bee taken but ere he came
to lay siege to the Castell of Dublin he would enter in league with them and would vndertake to backe them in such fauorable wise as the stoutest Champion in his army shoulde not be so hardy as to offer the basest in their Citie so much as a fillip The Citizens considering that the Towne by reason of the sicknesse was weakened and by this late ouerthrowe greately discouraged were forced to make a vertue of necessitie by lighting a candle before the Deuill til tyme the Kyng hys pleasure were knowen to whome wyth letters they posted one of their Aldermen named Francis Herbert Francis Herbert sent into England Eustace of Balicutlan whome shortly after y e King for his seruice dubbed knight enfeoffing him with parte of Christopher Eustace of Balintlan his landes who had vnaduisedly a foote in this Rebellion But before y e Citizens would returne aunswere to Thomas as touching this message they secretly aduertised maister Iohan White Connestable of the Castell of this vnlawfull demaunde The Connestable weighing the securitie of the Citie and little regarding the force of the enimie agreed willingly thereto so that he might be sufficiently stored with men and vittayles The Archbyshop of Dublin meaneth to sayle into England Iohan Alen Archbyshop of Dublin fearyng that all would haue gone to wracke in Ireland being then in the Castell brake his minde touching hys sayling into Englande to one of hys seruauntes named Bartholmewe Fitz Giralde Bartholmew Fitz Girald whome notwithstanding hee were a Giraldine hee helde for hys trustiest and inwardest counsaylour Bartholmew vndertaking to be the Archbyshop his Pilot vntill he were past the barre encouraged his maister to embarke himselfe harde by the Dames gate And as they were hulling in the Channell that euening they were not ware vntill the Barke strake on the sands neere Clontarfe The Archbyshop with his man stale secretely to Tartayne there meaning to lurke vntyll the wind hadde serued to sayle into Englande where hee scantly sixe houres soiourned when Thomas Fitz Girald knew of his arriuall and accompanyed with Iames Delahide sir Iohan Fitz Giralde Oliuer Fitz Giralde his Vncles timely in the morning being the .28 of Iuly he posted to Tartayne 1534 beset the house commaunded Iohan Teling Teling Waffer and Nicholas Waffer to apprehend the Archbishoppe whome they halled out of his bedde brought him naked in his shirt barefooted and bare headed to their Captayne whome when the Archbyshop espyed incontineÌtly he kneeled and with a pitiful countenaÌce and lamentable voice he besought him for y e loue of God not to remember former iniuries but to weigh his present calamitie and what malice so euer he bare his person yet to respect his calling and vocation in that his enimie was a Christian and hee among Christians an Archbishop As he spake thus bequeathing his soule to God his body to the enimies mercy Thomas being striken with some compassion and withall inflamed with desire of reuenge turned hys Horse aside saying in Irish Bi r wem è boddeagh which is as muche in Englishe as awaye with the Churle or take the Churle from mee whyche doubtles he spake as after he declared meaning the Archbishop should bee deteyned as prisoner But y e caitiffes that were present rather of malice than of ignorance miscoÌstruing his words murthered y e Archbishop without further delay Alen Archbyshop oâ⦠Dublin murthered at Tartayne brayned and hackt hym in gobbets hys bloud with Abell crying to God for reuenge whiche after befell to all such as were principals to this horrible murther The place is euer since hedged and embayed on euery side ouergrowen and vnfrequented for detestation of the fact This Alen as before is declared was in seruice with Cardinall Wolsey of deepe iudgement in the lawe Canon the onely match of Stephan Gardiner an other of Wolseys Chaplaynes for auoiding of which emulation he was preferred in IrelaÌd rough and rigorous in iustice deadly behated of y e Giraldins for his maisters sake and his owne as he that crossed them diuers times and muche bridled both father and sonne in their gouernements not vnlike to haue promoted their accusations and to haue bin a forger of the letter before mentioned whiche turned to his finall destruction The Rebelles hauing in this execrable wise embrued their handes in the Archbishoppe hys bloud they rode to Houth The Lord of Houth taken prisoner tooke Sir Christofer Lord of Houth prisoner and vpon their returne from thence they apprehended Maister Luttrel Iustice Luttrel taken chiefe Iustice of the common place conueying him with them as their prisoner The Dublinians during this space hauing respite to pause sent into the Castell by nyghte sufficient store of victuals at which time Iohan Fitz Simons Iohan Fitz Simons one of theyr Aldermen sente to Maister Cunstable twenty tunne of wine four and twenty tunne of beere two thousande drye ling sixteene hoggesheads of poudred beefe and twenty chambers with an iron chayne for the drawbridge of the Castell y t was newly forged in his owne house for y e auoiding of all suspitioÌ The Castell of Dublin beââ¦eged The Castell beeyng wyth men munition and vittayles abundantly furnished aunswere was returned to Thomas Fitz Girald purporting a consent for y e receyuing of his Souldiers which graunted Field Waffer Teling Roukes he sent thither Iames Field of Luske Nicholas Waffer Iohan Teling Edward Roukes who was likewise a Pirat scouring the coast and greatly annoying all passengers Broade and Pursel with an huÌdred souldiers attendant on theÌ as on their Captaynes These valiant ruttrekinnes planted neere Preston his Innes right ouer againste the Castell gate two or three Falcons hauyng with suche strong rampiers entrenched their company as they little weighed the shot of the Castell and to withdrawe the Connestable from discharging y e ordinance they threatned to take the youth of y e Citie and place them on the toppe of theyr treÌches for maister Constable to shoote at as at a marke he would be loath to ââtte The English pale in this wise weakened the Citizens appeased and the Castell besieged Thomas Fitz Girald and his confederates were resolued to trie if the Lord Butler would stand to his doughty letter and sith he woulde not by faire meanes be allured he should be maugre his head by foule meanes compelled to assist them in this their generall attempt During the tyme that Thomas with his army was ransacking the Earle of Ossory hys lands Frances Herbert returneth from England Francis Herbert returned from EnglaÌd to Dublin with the Kyng and Counsells letters to Maister Shillingforth then Maior Shillingforth and his breethren with letters likewise to maister White the Constable to withstande as theyr duetie of allegiance bound them the trayterous practises of Thomas and hys complices that with al speede they should be succoured vpon the sight of these letters Thomas Fitz Simons M. Thomas Fitz Simons
were congealed with frost The Earle of Ormonde his toylsome trauaile yet the Earle and his armie waded ouer on foote to the great daunger as well of his person as of the whole companie whiche doubtlesse was a valiaunt enterprise of so honourable a personage From thence hee passed to Strangfoorde and through Lecale to Dondaââ¦lke where he discharged his Souldiours and hauing presented himselfe to the Gouernour at Dublyn he roade homewarde to the Countie of Kilkenny The Deputie and Ormond debate Shortly after sir Anthonie Sentleger lorde Deputie and the Earle of Ormonde fell at debate insomuch as eyther of them layde articles of treason one to the others charge The chiefe occasion of their mutuall grudge proceeded of certaine newe and extraordinarie impositions wherewith the Deputie woulde haue charged the Subiectes Whereat the Erle of Ormonde as a zealous defender of his countrey beganne to kicke and in no sort coulde bee woonne to agree to any such vnreasonable demaunde Herevpon Ormonde perceyuing that the Gouernour persisted in his purpose addressed Letters of complaynte to suche as were of the priuie Counsayle in Englande Ormonde his âââters intercepted whiche letters were by one of Sir Anthonie his friendes intercepted at Sea and presented to him to bee pervsed Sir Anthonie hauing ouerread the wrytings sent Maister Basnet in post hast with the packet to Kylkenny where the Earle of Ormonde kept his Christmasse requesting hys Lordshippe to take in good parte the opening of hys Letters which was done rather to learne the effect of his complaynte than in any sort to invar his writings from comming to the counsaile his handes The Earle answered that his quarell was so good his dealing so opeÌ as he little weighed who tooke a view of his letters And for hys part what he wrote hee ment not to vnwryte but in such sort as they came from the Gouernour they should be sent to the Counsaile and if theyr honours woulde allow any Subiect to bee so bardie as to entercepte and open Letters that were to them indorced hee coulde not but dygest any such iniurie that they woulde seeme to beare The Lord Deputie and Ormond sent for to England With this aunswere Basnet returned and the Earle perfourmed his promise Wherevpon the Gouernour and he were commaunded to appeare before the priuie Counsaile in Englande where they were sundrie tymes examined and their accusations ripely debated In fine the Counsaile equallye to bothe partes in theyr complaints affected and weighing withall rather the due desert of both their loyall seruices than the vaine presumption of their mutuall accusations They are made friends wrapped vp theyr quarelles and made them both friendes wyth such indifferencie as neyther part should bee eyther with anye conquest exalted or wyth anye foyle debaced Sir Iohn Alen Lord Chauncellour committed to the Fleete And for so muche as sir Iohn Alen knight then Lorde Chauncellour of Irelande was founde to limpe in this controuersie by playing as it was supposed more craftily than wiselye with both the handes in that hee seemed to bee rather a fosterer of theyr malice than an appeaser of theyr quarelles hee was likewise sent for into Englande and being tript by the Counsaile in his tale was committed to the Fleete wherein he remayned a long tyme. In this trouble the Earle of Ormond was greatly ayded by sir William Wise Knight Sir VVilliam VVise knight a woorshipfull Gentleman borne in the Citie of Waterfoorde who deseruing in deede the prayse of that vertue whereof he bare the name grewe to bee of great credite in the Court and stoode highly in king Henrie his grace whiche hee wholy vsed to the furtherance of his friends and neuer abused to the annoyance of his foes This Gentleman was verye well spoken mylde of nature wyth discretion stoute as one that in an vpright quarel would beare no coles seldome in an intricate matter grauelled being found at all assayes to be of a pleasant and present wit Hauing lente to the King his Signet to seale a Letter who hauing powdred Erimites engrayled in the Scale why howe now Wise quoth the King what hast thou Lise here And if it like your Maiestie quoth sir WilliaÌ a louse is a riche Coate for by giuing the Louse I part Armes with the French King in that he gyueth the Floure de Lice Whereat the king heartily laughed to heare how pretily so byting a taunt namely proceeding from a Prince was sodaynly turned to so pleasaunte a conceyte Anon after the agreement made betweene Ormonde and Sentleger the Earle his Seruants which hee kept at that time in his lyuerey to the number of fiftie besought his Lordship to take at the Lymehouse his part of a supper which they prouided for him The noble man wyth honour accepting their dutifull offer supped at theyr request but not to their contentation at the place appoynted For whether it were that one caytife or other did poyson the meate The Earle of Ormonde deceaseth or that some other false measures were vsed the certaintie with the reuenge whereof to God is to bee referred the noble man wyth thirtie and fiue of his seruaunts presently that night sickned one Iames White the Earle his Stewarde with sixtene of his fellowes died the remnant of the seruauntes recouered but theyr Lorde whose health was chiefly to bee wished in the floure of his age deceassed of that sicknesse at Elie house in Holborne 1546 muche aboute the .xxviij. of October and was buried in Saint Thomas of Acres his Churche whose death bred sorrow to his friendes little comfort to his aduersaries great losse to his Countrey and no small griefe to all good men His description This Earle was a goodly and personable noble man full of honour which was not onely lodged inwardly in his mynde but also hee bare it outwardly in countenaunce As franke and as liberall as his calling required A deepe and a farre reaching head In a good quarell rather stout than stubborne bearing himselfe with no lesse courage when he resisted than with honourable discretion where he yeelded A fauourer of peace no furtherer of warre as one that preferred vnlawfall quietnesse before vpright troubles beeing notwithstanding of as greate wisedome in the one as of valour in the other An earnest and a zealous vpholder of his countrey in all attemptes rather respecting the publique weale than his priuate gaine Whereby he bounde his Countrey so greatlye vnto him that Irelande might with good cause wish that eyther he had neuer beene borne or else that hee had neuer deceassed so it were lawfull to craue him to bee immortall that by course of nature was framed mortall And to giue sufficient proufe of the entyre affection he bare his Countrey and of the zealous care he did cast thereon he betooke in his death bed his soule to God his carkasse to Christian buriall and his heart to his Countrey declaring thereby that where his minde was
Linne of whiche I thinke it good to note some parte of the maner thereof although briefly and ãâã to returne to my purpose agayne The occasion therfore of the tumult at Linne chaunced by this meanes It fortuned that one of the Iewes there was become a Christian wherwith those of his nation were so moued that they determined to kill hym where soeuer they might find him And herevpon they sette vppon him one day as he came by through the streates he to escape their handes fled to the nexte churche but his countreymen were so desirous to execute theyr malicious purpose that they followed him still and enforced themselues to breake into the Churche vpon him Heerewith the noyse beeing raysed by the Christians that soughte to saue the conuerted Iewe a number of mariners beeing forreyners that were arriued there wyth their vessells out of sundrye partes and dyuerse also of the Townesmen came to the reskue and setting vpon the Iewes caused them to flee into their houses The Townesmen were not verie earnest in pursuing of them bicause of the kings proclamation and ordinaunce before tyme made in fauour of the Iewes The slaughter made of the Ievves at Lyn. but the maryners followed them to theyr houses slewe diuers of them robbed and sacked their goods and finally set their dwellings on fyre and so brente them vp altogither These Marriners beeing enryched wyth the spoyle of the Iewes goodes and fearyng to bee called to accompte for their vnlawfull acte by the Kinges officers gotte them foorthwith to shipboorde and hoysting vp sayles departed with their shippes to the sea and so escaped the danger of that whiche might haue bene otherwyse layde to their charge The Townsmen being called to an accompt excused them selues by the Mariners burdening them with all the faulte But thoughe they of Lynne were thus excused yet they of Yorke escaped not so easyly For the Kyng bryng aduertised of suche outrage done contrarie to the order of his Lawes and expresie commaundement wrote ouer to the Bishoppe of Elââ¦e hys Chauncellour commaunding him to take cruel punishement of the offenders The Bishop with an armye wente to Yorke but the chiefe authors of the ryot hearyng ãâã his comming fledde into Scotlande yet the Bishop at his comming to the Euie caused earnest inquirie to bee made of the whole matter The citezens excused themselues and ãâã to proue that they were not of counsell with them that had coÌmitted the ryot neither had they ââ¦ydes nor coÌforted theÌ therin in any maner of wise And in deede the most part of theÌ that were the offenders were of the counâ⦠townes neere to the citie with such as wer ãâã into ãâ¦ã ââ¦nd now goneouer to the king so that veâ⦠ãâã or none of the substantiall men of the Citie were founde to haue ioyned with them Howbeit this woulde not excuse the Citizens but that they were put to their fine by the sââ¦te Bishop The Citizens of Yorke put to their fyne for the slaughter of the Ievves ââ¦ery of them paying his portion according to ãâã ââ¦ower and abilitie in substance the common ââ¦rte of the poore people being pardoned and not called into iudgement sith the ringleaders wereââ¦led and gone out of the way But now to return vnto the king who in this meane time was very bulle to prouide all things necessarie to set forward on his iourney his shippes whiche laye in the mouthe of the ryuer of Sayne beyng readie to put off he tooke order in many poyntes concerning the state of the common wealth on that side and chiefely hee called to mynde that it should be a thyng necessarie for him to name who shuld succede him in the kingdome of Englande if his chaunce shoulde not bee to returne agayne from so long and daungerous a iourney He therfore named as some suppose his nephewe Arthure Mat. VVest the sonne of his brother Geffreye Duke of Britayne to bee his successour in the Kingdome a young manne of a lykely proofe and Princely towardnesse but not ordeyned by GOD to succeede ouer this kingdome Aboute the same tyme the Bishoppe of Elye Lorde Chauncellour and chiefe Iustice of Englande tooke vp to the kinges vse of euerye citie in England two Palfreys and two Sumpter horsses and of euery Abbey one Palfrey and one Sumpter horse and euery Manour within the Realme founde also one Palfreye and one Sumpter horse Moreouer the sayde Bishoppe of Elye deliuered the gouernement of Yorkeshire to his brother Osberte de Longchampe And all those Knyghtes of the sayd shire the whyche woulde would not come to make aunswere to the lawe vpon sommons giuen them hee coÌmaunded to be appreheÌded and by by laid in prison Also when the Bishoppe of Durham was returned from the Kyng and come ouer into England to goe vnto his charge at his meting with the lord Chancelor at Bice notwithstanding that he shewed him his letters patentes of the graunt made to him to be Iustice from Trent Northwarde the sayde Lorde Chancellor taking his iourney to Southwell with hym The Bishop of Durham reââ¦rayned of liââ¦ertie there deteyned him as prisoner till he had made surrender to him of the Castell of Wyndsore and further had delyuered to him his sonnes Henrye de Putsey and Gilbert de la Ley as pledges that he should keepe the peace agaynst the king and all his subiectes vntill the said Prince should retourne from the holy lande And so he was deliuered for that tyme though shortly after and whylest hee remayned at Houeden there came to hym Osberte de Longchanipe the Lord Chancellors brother William de Stute bille the whiche caused the sayd Bishop to fynde sufficient suretie that he should not thence departe without the kings licence or the Lorde Chancellours so long as the king should be absent Herevpon the Bishop of Durham sent knowledge to the kyng howe and in what sorte he had bin handled by the Chauncellour After this the king came backe vnto Chinon in Aniou ãâã kinges naâ⦠is set foorth and there toke order for the settyng forth of his nauie by sea ouer which he appointed chiefe gouernours Gerarde Archbishop of Aux Bernard bishop of Baieux Robert de Sablius Richarde de Camville ââ¦ion Sabââ¦olus or Sabaille and William de Forz de Vlerun commaundyng all those that shoulde passe foorth with his sayde nauie to be obediente vnto these persones as his deputies and lieutenauntes Herewith they were appointed to prouide victuals to serue all those that shoulde goe by sea for the space of threescore dayes Polidor the king also made the same tyme certaine ordinaunces to be obserued among the seafaring men whiche tended to this effect ââ¦lcers of men First that if any man chaunced to slea an other on the shipbourde he should be bounde to the dead bodie and so throwne into the sea secondly if he killed hym a lande he shoulde yet be bounde to him as afore and so buryed
ecclesiastical persons towards y e ayde of y e ChristiaÌs then being in y e holy land al such as wel of y e nobilitie as other of the meaner sort which had taken vpoÌ them y e crosse secretly laide it downe were compelled eftsones to receyue it now again Voseaâ⦠weather There chanced also this yeare wonderfull tempests of thunder lightning hayle abundance of rayne in such wise y e mens minds were greatly astonied therwith meddows and marsh grounds were quite ouerflowen bridges broken and borne downe and greate quantitie of corne and hay lost and carried away dyuers men and women drowned Margaret mother of Constance Duches of Britayne sister to William King of Scottes and mother to Henry Boun Erle of Hereford deceassed Fabiâ⦠This yere also by the councell and aduice of the Burgesses of London there were chosen fiue and thirtie of the most substanciall and wisest men which after the report of some writers were called the councel of the Citie of London out of whiche number the Maior and Bailifes were yerely chosen Math. ãâã 120â⦠In the yere .1202 K. Iohn held his Christmas at ArgeÌton in NormaÌdy and in the Lent following he and the French K. met togither nere vnto y e Castell of Gulleton and there in talke had betweene them he commanded K. Iohn with no small arrogancie contrary to his former promise to restore vnto his nephew Arthur Duke of Britaine all those landes now in his possession on that side the Sea which K. Iohn earnestly denied to doe The Frâ⦠K. beâ⦠to maâ⦠againâ⦠Iohn wherevpon the French K. immediately after began war against him tooke Buteuaunt Angi and the Castel of Linos Moreouer he besieged y e Castel of Radepont for y e space of eight days till K. Iohn came thither forced him to repart with much dishonor Howbeit after this the FreÌch K. wan Gourney then returning to Paris he appointed certaine persons to haue y e gouernaÌce of y e foresaid Arthur Duke of Britain then sent him forth with two C. men of armes into Poictou y t he might bring y e countrey also vnder his subiection ââ¦lidor ââ¦ugh Earle of ââ¦arche Hereupon Hugh le Brun Erle of Marche vnto whom Queene Isabell the wife of King Iohn had beene promised in mariage before that king Iohn was motioned vnto hir and therefore bare an inwarde displeasure towards the king of England for that he had so bereft him of his promised spouse being now desirous to procure some trouble also vnto king Iohn ioineth himself with Arthure Duke of Britaine The Poictaââ¦ns reuolt froÌââ¦ing Iohn and findeth meanes to cause them of Poictou a people euer subiect to rebellion to reuolt from king Iohn and to take armor agaynst him so that the yong Arthur being encouraged with this newe supplie of associates first goeth into Touraine and after into Aniou ââ¦rthure proââ¦imeth himselfe Erle of ââ¦niou c. compelling both those countreyes to submit themselues vnto him and proclaymed hymself Erle of those places by commission graunt obteyned from king Philip. King Iohn hauing got this victorie and taken his nephew Arthure he wrote the maner of that his successe vnto his Barons in England in forme as followeth Iohn by the grace of God king of England and Lorde of Irelande to all his Barons sendeth greeting Knowe ye that we by Gods good fauour are in sounde and perfect health and thorowe Gods grace that maruellouslye worketh with vs on Tuesday before Lammasse day wee being before the Citie of Mauns were aduertised that our mother was besieged in Mirabeau and therefore we hasted so fast as we possible might so that wee came thither on Lammasse daye and there wee tooke our nephew Arthure Hugh le Brun De Castre Eralde Andrewe de Chauenye the Vicont of Chateau Eralde Reymonde de Tovars Sauary de Mauleon and Hugh Bangi and all other enimies of Poictou that were there assembled agaynst vs 252. knightes or men of aââ¦mes beside demelances to the number of two hundred knightes and aboue so that not one of them escaped Giue God therefore thankes and reioyce at our good successe The Frenche king at the same time lying at siege before Arques immediately vpon the newes of this ouerthrowe raysed from thence and returned homewardes destroyed all that came in his waye till hee was entred into his owne Countrey It is sayde that king Iohn caused his nephew Arthure to be brought before him at Falaise An. Roâ⦠and there went aboute to perswade him all that hee coulde to forsake his friendship and alliance with the French king and to leane and sticke to him being his naturall vncle but Arthur like one that wanted good counsel and abounding too much in his owne wilfull opinion made a presumptuous answere not onely denying so to do but also coÌmaunded King Iohn to restore vnto him the realme of Englande with all those other landes and possessions which king Richarde had in hys hand at the houre of his death For sith the same apperteyned to him by right of inheritance he assured him except restitutioÌ were made the sooner hee shoulde not long continue in rest and quiet King Iohn being sore amoued with such words thus vttred by his nephew appointed as before is sayde that he shoulde be straytely kept in prison as first in Falais and after at Roan within the new Castell there It was also bruyted that his bodie was buryed in the Monasterie of Saint Androwes of the Cisteaux order But when the Brytaines were nothing pacifyed but rather kindled more vehemently to worke all the mischiefe they could deuise in reuenge of their Soueraignes death there was no remedie but to signifie abroade againe that Arthure was as yet lyuing and in health And when the king heard the truth of all thys matter he was nothing displeased for that his commaundement was not executed sithe there were diuerse of hys Captaynes which vttered in plaine wordes that he shoulde not finde knightes to keepe his Castelles if he dealt so cruelly with his nephew For if it chaunced any of them to bee taken by the king of Fraunce or other their aduersaryes they shoulde be sure to tast of the like cup. But nowe touching the maner in very deede of the ende of this Arthur wryters make sundrie reportes But certaine it is that in the yeare next ensuyng hee was remoued from Falais vnto the Castell or Tower of Rouen oute of the which there was not ââ¦ye that woulde confesse that euer he saw him aliue Some haue written that as hee assayed to haue escaped ââ¦ut of prison and prouing to climbe ouer the walles of the Castell hee fell into the Ryuer of Sayne and so was drowned Other write that through verie griefe and languor hee pyned away and died of naturall sicknesse But some affyrme that King Iohn secretely caused him to be murthered and made away so as it is
of S. Michael next ensuing Mat. Paris He sent also vnto al his Chatelaines Conestables of Castels within the realme requiring them to prouide themselues of all things necessarie for defence of their holdes committed to theyr charge if they shuld chance to be besieged though it were on the next morow His Ambassadors and other messengers being thus dispatched and hauing but few persons left about him or iââ¦ner none except suche of the Bishop of Noââ¦h his seruaunts as hee had borowed of him he calleth ââ¦ake prises as any ships came by suspected not to be his friendes so seeking to winne the fauâ⦠ãâã Mariners that belonged to the cinque pââ¦tes and so lyeth close in the I le of Wight and there aboute the Sea coasts for the space of there Monethes togither In which meane time many things were reported of him some calling him a fisher some a merchant and some a pyrate and rouer And many for that no certain newes could be heard of him iudged that he was either drowned or dead by some other meanes But hee styll looking for some power to come ouer to hys ayde kept himselfe out of the way tyll the same shoulde be arryued The Lords all this while lie at London Polidor and beganne to doubt the matter bycause they coulde heare no certaine newes where the king was become for hee doubting as I sayde the suretie of his person conueyed himselfe secretely from one place to another lodging and taking his diet oftentymes more meanely than was decent for his estate and styl he longed to heare howe his Ambassadours spedde with the Pope who in the meane tyme comming vnto Rome The Ambassadors comming to the Popes presence declare their message and there declaring theyr message at ful tooke it vpon their solemne othe that the right was on the Kings syde and that the fault rested onely on the Lords touching the whole controuersie betweene them and him who sought with great rigour and agaynste reason to brydle him at theyr pleasures They shewed also a note of certayne Articles conteyned in the Charter Mat. Par. which seemed to make mosâ⦠for the kings purpose and withall declared that the King in open assemblie where hee and the Barons mette to talke of such matters had protested that the kingdome of Englande specially apperteyned as touâ⦠the soueraigntie vnto the Church of Râ⦠wherevpon hee neyther coulde nor ought without knowledge of the Pope ordeyne any thing of newe or chaunge ought within that kingdome in preiudice therof Wherefore where as he put himselfe and all the rights of his kingdome by way of appealing vnder the protection of the Apostolike sea the Barons yet without regard had to the same appeale did ââaze into their possession the citie of London and getting them to armor enforced the king to confirm such vnreasonable articles as there appeared for him to consider of The Popes answere vnto the kings Ambassadors The Pope hauing heard their tale and considered of the articles with bending browes in witnesse of his indignation made forthwith this short answere And is it so that the Barons of England quoth he do go about to expell theyr king which hath taken vpon him the Crosse and is remayning vnder the protection of the Apostolike sea and doe they meane w t deede to translate the dominioÌ that belogeth to the church of Rome vnto an other By S. Peter wee cannot suffer this ââ¦urie to passe vnpunished HerevpoÌ therfore crediting the Ambassadors wordes by the aduice of his Cardinals he decreed that al those priuiledges which the king had graunted vnto the Lords Barons of this realme as inforced therto by their rebellious attempt should be accouÌted voyd and of none effect Also he wrote vnto the Lords admonishing theÌ by his letters that they should obey their K. vpoÌ paine of his curse if they should attempt any thing that sounded to the coÌtrary Hec. Portius At the same time likewise there was in the court of Rome as Hector Boctius hath a Cardinal named Gnald or Wallo Cardinall Guââ¦o a most auaritious person and such one as in that place some are neuer wanting whiche for money passed not what he did to further any mans suyte without regarde either to right or wrong by whose chiefe trauaile and meanes the Pope was greatly induced to fauor king Iohns cause and to iudge with him in preiudice of the Lordes purposes as before is expressed King Iohn after he vnderstood that the Barons conteÌning the popes decree and inhibition were more offended and bent against him than before The king ââ¦deth câ⦠to the ãâã sendeth once againe to the Pope to aduertise him of their disobedience and great coÌtumacie shewed in refusing to stand vnto his prescript The king turneth ãâã the I le of Wight This done he returned into the I le of wight and sailed from thence vnto Douer where diuerse of those his coÌmissaries which hee had sent to hyre souldiers in forraine partes returne to him bringing with theÌ out of diuerse countreys such a multitude of souldiers and armed men Mat. Pâ⦠Polidâ⦠that the only sight of them stroke the hearts of all the beholders with great feare terror For out of the parties of Poictou The aââ¦ââ¦orain sâ⦠to the kâ⦠ayde Sauarie ãâã Miâ⦠and Gascome their came men of great nobilitie and right worthy warriors as Sauery de Mauleon Geffrey and Oliuer de Buteuile two brethren hauing vnder them great numbers of good souldiers and tal men of warre Also out of Brabant there came Walter But Gerarde de Sotignie and one Godestall with three legions of armed men and Crossebowes Likewise there came out of Flaunders other Captaynes Ferdinâ⦠Earle of ââ¦ders wyth diuerse bandes of souldiers whiche Ferdinando Earle of Flaunders lately returned oute of the French captiuitie for olde friendshippes sake furnished and sent ouer to ayde hym agaynste hys subiectes according as he had requested King Iohn then hauing recouered strength about hym Wil. de ââ¦ney caâ⦠Rocheâ⦠Castell And beeing aduertised that William de Albeney was entred into the Castell of Rochester with a greate number of Knightes men of Armes and other Souldiers hasted thither with his whole armie and besieged them within enforcing himselfe by all wayes possible to winne the Castell as well by battering the walles with Engines ãâã Iohn beââ¦th the ââ¦ll of Roââ¦r as by giuing thereto many assaultes but the garnison wythin consisting of .94 knightes beside Demilaunces and other Souldiers defended the place verie manfully in hope of rescue from the barons which lay as them at London but they coÌming forward one dayes iourney vnto Dartforde when they heard that the King was comming forwarde in good array of battayle to meete them vpon consideration had of theyr owne forces for that they were not able to match him with footemen they returned backe againe to the Citie breaking that assured promise which they had
of bondage from all manner of straungers as well of those Romanes that were beneficed men as of any other Simon the Earle of Leicester also perceiuyng howe the matter wente made shift another way to get all the money he coulde in prest or otherwise in so muche that he hadde of one burges of Leicester named Simon Curlenath The Earle of Leicester gathereth money fiue hundred warkes and leauing his wife in the Castel of Kelingworth hee secretely departed out of the Realme and got him to Rome to purchase a confirmation of hys marriage He goeth to Rome to get a dispensation or rather confirmation of his marriage whiche hee castly obteyned notwithstanding the Archbyshop of Caunterburies former and very vehement information against hym and so hauing brought hys purpose about in the latter ende of thys yeare he returned into Englande and was ioyfully receyued firste of the Kyng and after of hys wife whome hee founde at Kelingworth neere to the tyme of hir trauaile and shortly after deliuered of a yong sonne whome they called Simon after the name of his father The Pope heereof was sore offended wrote his minde thereof to the King who sortââ¦th returned an eloquente aunswere requiring him to be more fauourable to the Emperour considering his cause was such as could not iustly offend hys holinesse About the same time or rather as by some writers it shoulde appeare somewhat before the Kings sister Ioane Queene of Scotland comming into England to see hir brother fell into a sicknesse and dyed Moreouer y e Archbishop of Caunterbury returned into England who at his comming to Rome obteyned little or nothing touching the sute which he hadde before the Pope for as some haue written the Legate Otho being his heauy friende had so stopped the Popes eares from hearing any of his compleints that al his whole trauaile did come to none effect In like maner The Bishop of Winchester departeth thys life Peter des Roches B. of Winchester dyed this yeare in his manor at Farnham about the ninth of Iune whiche Prelate had gouerned that See about 32. yeres He was a maÌ of greate wisedome and dexteritie in ordering of weighty affayres touching the state of temporall regiment He builded many goodly Monasteries as y e Abbeys of Hales Tikborne and Seleborne with the Hospitall at Portesmouth He made also a notable testamente and besides his bequestes which were greate he left his Bishopricke so stored and throughly furnished that there was not so much diminished of that which he found at his comming in value as the Cattell that serued to drawe the very ploughes Also about this time a learned Esquire or rather a Clearke of the Vniuersitie of Oxford bearing some malice towards the K. fained himselfe madde and espying thereby the secrete places of his house at Woodstocke where he then lay vpon a night by a Windowe Mat. Pâ⦠A ãâã wâ⦠to ãâã ââ¦troyâ⦠he gote into the kings bedchamber and comming to the beds side threw off the couerings and with a dagger strake diuers times into a pillowe supposing y t the K. had bin there but as God would that night the K. lay in another chamber with y e Queene In the meane time one of the Queenes chambermaydes named Margaret Biset hauing espied the felon made an outery so that y e Kings seruants whiche came to vnderstande what the matter meante presently apprehended the sayde Clearke who being conueyed to Couentrie was there arreigned by lawfull proufe hadde of hys malitious intent was condemned and executed as a Traitor At his death he confessed that he was sent froÌ Wil. de Marish the son of Geffrey de Marish to murther y e K. by suche maner of meanes not caring what had become of himselfe so he myghte haue dispatched his purpose An. reg 23. 1239 Mat. Paris Variance betwixt the king and the Erle of Pembroke In the 23. yere of his raigne K. Henry held his Christmas at Winchester where rose greate grudge betwixt him and Gilbert y e Erle of Pembroke by reason that the said Earle with his seruants hauing tippe staues in their comming to the Court were not suffered to enter within the gates but were kept backe by the porters and other Of which iniurie when he had compleyned the K. made him suche an ouerthwart aunswere that y e Erle perceyuing him not to like very well of his seruice departed forthwith rode into the North countrey so that from that day forth neither hee nor his brother Walter loued the K. as they ought to haue done Soone after this departure of Erle Gilbert vpon Candlemas daye the K. gaue the Earledome of Leicester vnto Sââ¦noÌ de Mountford inuested him thereinto hauyng first pacified Earle Almerike that was elder brother to the same SimoÌ Yet about the beginning of y e next August the K. was so incensed against Erle Simon Simon ãâã of Lâ⦠fled ouâ⦠Fraunce The ãâã King Eâ⦠the ãâã that both he and his wife wer glad to get them ouer into France til the kings wrath were more pacified Also vppon the sixtenth daye of Iune the kings eldest sonne named Edward and after surnamed Longshanke by the Scottes in mockage bycause hee was a tall and slender man was borne at Westminster who after hys fathers decesse succeded him in y e kingdome Polidor Before y e birth of this Edward there appeared earely in the morning certaine daies togither before the sunne was vp ââ¦or ââ¦nge ââ¦e a Star of a large coÌpasse y t which with swift course was carried through a loÌg circuit of y e aire sometimes shewing as it had borne fire with it sometimes leauing as it were smoke behind it so y t it was after iudged y t the gret dedes which were to be atchieued by the same Edward were by this wonderful constellation foreshewed and signified About y e same time by reason of an accusation made by a prisoner againste Ranulfe Briton sometime the Kings Chauncellour but now leading a priuate life ãâã Paris being a Canon of the Cathedrall Churche of S. Paule in London the same Ranulfe by commaundemente from the King ââ¦lfe Briââ¦ken out ãâã house ââ¦ed to the ââ¦er sente to the Maior of the Citie William Ioyner was taken out of his house had to the Tower and there emprisoned wherevppon the Deane of Poules master G. Lucy in absence of the Byshop accursed all those that had presumptuously attempted to lay hands on the sayd Ranulfe and further he put his owne Church of S. Paule vnder interdiction To conclude through threatning of excommunication to be pronounced against y e K. and other for this fact by y e Legate and the Bishops of the Realme as namely Caunterbury and London the Kyng was compelled to releasse and set at libertie the foresayde Ranulfe finally the prisoner that had accused the sayd Ranulf and other being one of y e kings purseuants when for his wicked doings he came to
of the whole Realme and require some redresse and easement therein Moreouer it chanced that there was a great number of Lordes Knightes and Gentlemen assembled togither at Dunstable and Luyfon ââ¦stes and ââ¦ey apââ¦ted and ââ¦e Kings ââ¦maundeâ⦠disapââ¦ted to haue kepte a martiall Iustes and triumphant Torney but they had a countercommaundemente from the Kyng not to goe forwarde with the same whervpon when they were disappoynted of their purpose heerein Vpon occasion of their being altogither on the morrowe after the feast of Peter and Paule they sent from them Foulke Fitz Wareine ââ¦ke Fitz ââ¦ein comââ¦deth the ââ¦es Nuncio ââ¦oy de the ââ¦me to declare vnto master Martine the Popes Nuncio as then lodging at the Temple in London in name as it were of all the whole body of the Realme that he shoulde immediately departe out of the lande Foulke doing the message somewhat after a rough manner master Martine asked him what hee was that gaue foorth the saide commaundement or whether hee spake it of himselfe or from some other This coÌmaundement saith Foulke is sente to thee from all those Knightes and men of armes whiche lately were assembled togyther at Dunstable and Luyton Master Martin hearing this got him to the Court and declaring to the king what message hee had receyued required to vnderstand whether he was priuy to the master or that his people tooke vpon them so rashly without his authoritie or no. ãâã Kings ââ¦wers vnto Popes ââ¦cio To whome the King aunswered that he had not giuen them any authoritie so to commaunde him out of the Realm but indeede saith he my Barons do vnneth forbeare to rise against me bycause I haue mainteyned and suffered thy pilling and iniurious polling within this my Realme and I haue had much adoe to stay theÌ from running vpoÌ thee to pull thee in peeces Master Martin hearing these words with a fearefull voice besoughte the K. that hee mighte for the loue of God and reuerence of the Pope haue free passadge out of the Realme to whome the King in greate displeasure aunswered ââ¦t Paris â⦠VVest the Deuill that brought thee in carrie thee out euen to the pitte of hell for me At length yet when those that were about the kyng had pacified hym hee appoynted one of the Marischals of hys house cleped Roberte Northe or Nores to conduct him to the Sea syde The Popes Nuncio sent out of the Realme and so he did but not withoute greate feare sithence hee was afrayde of euery bushe least men shoulde haue risen vpon him and murthered him Wherevpon when he came to the Pope hee made a greeuous complaynte both againste the King and other The Church of Saint Peter at Westminster was enlarged and newly repaired by the Kyng Saint Peters Churche at Westminster specially all the East parte of it the olde walles beeing pulled downe and buylded vp in more comely forme The generall councell according to the summonance giuen was holden this yeare at Lyons where it began about Midsomer in y e which the English Ambassadors being arriued The English Ambassadors come to the Counsell presented to the Pope their letters directed froÌ y e whole body of y e Realm of EnglaÌd requiring a redresse in suche things wherewith as by the same letters it appeared the Realm fouÌd it selfe sore annoyed The Pope promised to take aduice therein but sith the matter was weighty it required respite Finally when they were earnest in requiring a determinate aunswere it was giuen them to vndestande that they should not obteyne their desires whervpon in great displeasure they came away threatning and binding their wordes with othes The Englishe Ambassadors threaten the Pope that hee should not haue any tribute out of Englande that from thencefoorthe they woulde neuer pay nor suffer to bee payde anye tribute to the Court of Rome nor permit the reuenewes of those Churches whereof they were patrones to be pulled away by any prouision of the same Court The Pope hearing of these things passed them ouer patiently but hee procured the English Bishops to set their Seales vnto that Charter whiche King Iohn had made concerning the tribute against the minde of the Archbyshoppe of Caunterbury Stephen Langton who at that time when King Iohn should seale it spake sore against it When King Henry was enformed hereof he was greeuously offended and sware in a greate chafe that although the Bishops hadde done otherwise than they ought yet woulde hee stand in defence of the liberties of his Realm and would not so long as he had a day to liue day any duetie to the Court of Rome vnder the name of tribute In this meane while the Kyng with a puissante army inuaded the Welch Rebels Mat. Paris to reduce them to some quiet whereas with theyr continuall incursions and other exploytes they had sore hatried vexed and wasted the landes of the Kings subiectes Heerevpon the King being entred the Countrey inuaded the same The King inuadeth Wales He buildeth a Castell at Gannocke vnto the confynes of Snowdon and there he began to builde a stroÌg Castell at a place called Gannocke remayning there about the space of tenne weekes during the which the army suffered greate misery through want of vittayles and other prouisions namely apparrell and other helpes to defende themselues from colde which sore afflicted the souldiers and men of warre bycause they lay in the fielde and Winter as then began to approche Moreouer they were driuen to keepe watch and warde very strongly for doubt to bee surprised by suddayne assaultes of the enimies the which watched vpon occasion euer to doe some mischiefe The decesse of the Countesse of Oxford and of the Earle of Deuonshire The morrowe after the Purification of oure Lady Isabell de Boteber Countesse of Oxforde departed this life and likewise the morrowe after Saint Valentines day dyed Baldwine de Riuers Earle of Deuoushire and of the Wight Geffrey de Marche deceasseth Moreouer Geffrey de Marish a man sometime of great honor and possessions in Irelande after hee had remayned long in exile and suffered great miserie he ended the same by natural death The decesse of Raymond Erle ProuaÌce Also Raymond Earle of Prouance rather to the Queenes of Englande and Fraunce decessed this yeare for whome was kepte in Englande a most solemne obsequie The deceasse of the Lorde Humfreuille Also in the weeke after Palme Sunday dyed a right noble Baron and Warden of the North partes of England the Lorde Gilberte Humfreuille leauing behind him a yong sonne the custody of whome the King forthwith committed to the Earle of Leicester not withoute the indignation of the Earle of Cornewall who desired the same An. Reg. 30. Finally after that the Kyng had lââ¦n at Gannocke aboute the fortifying of the Castell there the space of tenne weekes and sawe the worke now fully finished hee appoynted foorthe suche as should lie there
to great daunger and the Church depriued of temporall prosperitie as sayth Mathewe Paris for by this meanes saith hee it was needefull vnto Religious menne to choose to theyr gouernour a man not religious but rather halfe temporall and suche one as to whome rather Iustinians lawes than Christes whiche conuerteth soules shoulde be familiar ââ¦th Paris Monkes ââ¦ham were exââ¦municate now ââ¦led The Monkes of Durham the whiche onely with the Chanons of Gisborne resisted the wicked proceedyngs of the Popes exactors and stood therefore interdited a long tyme at length after manye alterations were assoyled Oh sayeth Mathewe Paris if in that theyr tribulation they myght haue hadde fellowes and in theyr constante doyngs aydors howe happely hadde the Churche of Englande triumphed ouer hir tormentors and oppressors Yee haue hearde howe Richarde Earle of Cornewall beeyng elected Kyng of Almayne Mat. Paris sayled thither where on the Ascention daye last he was Crowned Kyng by the Archbyshoppe of Colen of whome and dyuers other great Princes of Germanie hee was holden for their lawfull King and gouernour as in the Teutch hystories yee maye finde more largely expressed though other of them had chosen Alfonse Kyng of Castill the whych Alfonse wrote to the King of Englande as his confederate and alie requiring hym of ayde againste the sayde Richarde that was hys owne brother to the whych vnreasonable request the Kyng woulde in no wise consente Shortly after was William Fitz Richarde by the Kyngs commaundement made Mayor and Thomas Fitz Thomas and William Grapisgate Sherifes Math. Paris The Archbyshop of Yorke accursed The Archbyshop of Yorke was accursed by the Popes commaundemente through all Englande with booke bell and candle that by suche terror his constancy might be weakened but the Archbishop saith Mathewe Paris enformed by the example of Thomas Becket and by the example and doctrine of Saint Edmond sometime his instructor The constancy of the archbyshop of Yorke and also taughte by the faythfulnesse of blessed Robert late Byshop of Lincolne despaired not of comfort from HeaueÌ in bearing paciently the Popes tyrannie neyther woulde he bestowe the welthy reuenewes of his Churche vppon Italians beeing vnworthy persons and straungers neyther would he obey and encline to the Popes will like a faint harted person by leauing and setting aparte the rigor of the lawe An. Reg. 42. About the beginning of the two and fortith yeare of Kyng Henries raigne the Lord Iames Audeley that had bin ouer with the King of Almayne and was lately returned home in company of the Lord Henry sonne to the said Kyng who came backe from his father about the feast of Saint Michael last past vnderstanding howe the Welchmen in his absence had brent wasted and destroyed his lands possessions and Castels which belonged to him in y e confynes of Wales he meant to be reuenged of those iniuries and inuading them hee slewe a great number of them The ãâã Audely ââ¦reth vâ⦠the Wâ⦠so reuenging the deathe of those his friendes seruauntes and tenauntes whome they before had murthered The Welchmen were not so discouraged heerewith but that they brake vpon hym out of their starting holes and places of refuge through the marishes and slaying their enimies horses put them backe to their power and ceassed not to do what mischiefe they could by spoyling killing and brenning houses and Castels where they mighte come vnto them and so the Realme of Englande was dayly put to losses and hinderance For out of Wales Englande was accustomed to bee furnished with Horses Cattell and other things to the profit of both the Countreys About the same time Ambassâ⦠sent ãâã France there was an Ambassate sente from the Kyng of Englande vnto the Frenche Kyng as the Bishop of Worcetor the elect of Winchester the Abbot of Westminster the Earle of Leicester and Hugh Bigod Earle Marshall with Peter de Sauoy and Roberte Walcron The effect of their message was to require restitution of those countreys lands Cities and Townes whiche had bin euicted out of the hands of King Iohn and others apperteyning by righte of inheritance to the Kyng of England These Lordes did their message but as was thoughte they had no towardly aunswere but rather were putte off with trifling wordes and skornefull tauntes so that they returned shortly againe all of theÌ the Abbot of Westminster only excepted who remayned there behinde for a more ful aunswere not only to those requests exhibited on the part of the Kyng of Englande but also on the behalfe of the Kyng of Almaigne The marches towardes Wales in this season were brought almost deserte by reason of the continuall warres with the Welchmen ãâã marches Wales fore ââ¦ouerished for what with fire sword neyther building nor liuing creature nor any other thing was spared that fire and sword might bring to ruine ââ¦eat dearth ââ¦t Paris In this yeare was an exceeding great dearth in so much that a quarter of wheate was solde at London for four and twenty shillings whereas within two or three yeares before a quarter was solde at two shillings It had bin more deerer if great store had not come out of Almaigne for in France and in NormaÌdy it likewise fayled 1258 But there came fiftie greate Shippes fraughte with wheate and barley with meale and bread out of Teutchland by the procurement of Richard K. of Almaigne which greatly relieued the poore for proclamation was made and order taken by the K. that none of the Citizens of London shoulde buy any of that grayâ⦠to say it vpone ââ¦ore ââ¦ohâ⦠by it might be sold at an higher price ãâ¦ã ââ¦dy but although this prouision did ãâã case yet the want was great ouer all the Realm For it was certainly affirmed that in three shâ⦠within the Realm there was not found so ãâã grayne of that yeares growsh as ãâ¦ã those fiftie shippes The greedy dealing of the Londoners to the hurt of the commoÌ welth The proclamation was setteâ⦠foorth to restreine y e Londoners from ââ¦ngrossing vp that grayne and not withoute cause we the welthy Citizens were euill spokeÌ of in y e season bicause in time of scarcetie they would either stay such shippes as fraught with vittayles weâ⦠comming towards the Citie and send them some other way foorthe or else buy the whole that they myghte sell it by retaile at their pleasure vnto the needy By meanes of this great dearth and scarcetie the common people were constreined to liue vpon herbes and rootes and a greate number of the poore people dyed through famine They also compleyned greatly of his misgouernaunce in that hee aduaunced so muche the Poictouins and other straungers to the impouerishment of himselfe and the whole Realme and further maynteyned them so farre foorthe that they were ready to offer wrong vnto other vpon presumption of his fauoure and bearing with them he hauing by commaundement restreined that no processe shoulde passe out of the Chauncery
returned out of Gascoigne The Lorde Tiptost setting vpon them tooke them with little a doe and sleaing neare hand the thirde part of all the Mariners sent the ships into England ââ¦rd earle ââ¦ancaster ãâã to the ââ¦ch king In the meane time K. Edwarde sendeth his brother Edmond Erle of Lancaster to be his attorney to make answere for him before all such Iudges as might haue hearing of the matter but the Iudges meaning nothing lesse thaÌ to trie out the truth of the cause admit no reasons that the Erle could allege in his brothers behalf so pronounce K. Edward a rebel decree by arest ââ¦ng Edward ââ¦emned in ãâã French ââ¦gs Court that he had forfeyted all his right vnto the Duchie of Guienne These things thus done he sendeth priuy messengers vnto Burdeaux to procure the citizens to reuolt froÌ the Englishmen ââ¦old de ââ¦le sent inâ⦠Gascoigne ãâã an army appointed the Conestable of France the L. Arnold de Neall to follow with an army who coÌming thither easily brought theÌ of Burdeaux vnder the French dominion being alredy minded to reuolt through practise of those that were lately before sent vnto them from the French king for that purpose After this the said Conestable brought the people neare adioyning vnder subiection partly moued by the example of the chiefe and head Citie of all the Countrey and partly enduced thervnto by bribes and large giftes The English men that were in the Countrey after they perceiued that the people did thus reuolt to the French king withdrew incoÌtinently vnto the townes situate neare to the sea side but especially they fled to a towne called the Rioll which they fortifie with all speed Thus sayth Polidor ãâã Triuet Nicholas Triuet writing hereof declareth the beginning of this warre to be on this maner The English Marchants being diuersly vexed vpon the seas made coÌplaint to the K. for losse of their marchandice ââ¦ie eare of ââ¦olne The king sent the Erle of Lincoln Henrie Lacie vnto the French king instantly requiring that by his assent there might some way be prouided with speed by them and their counsel for some competent remedie touching such harmes and losses by sea as his people had susteined In the meane time whilest the Earle tarieth for answere a nauie of the parties of Normandy coÌteyning two C. ships and aboue being assembled togither that they might the more boldly assayle their enimies and the more valiantly resist suche as should encounter them sailed into Gascoigne determining to destroy all those of their aduersaries that should come in their way But as these Norman ships returned back with wines glorying as it were that they had got y e rule of the sea onely to themselues they were assayled by .lx. English ships which toke them and brought theÌ into EnglaÌd the Fryday before Whitsunday all the men were eyther drowned or slaine those only excepted which made shift to escape by boates The newes hereof being brought into France did not so much moue the K. the counsel to wonder at the matter as to take therof great indignation The king of England hearing this message The Bishop of London sent with an answer vnto the french king tooke therein deliberation to answere and then sent the Bishop of London accompanied wyth other wise and discreete persons into Fraunce to declare for aunswere vnto the French King and his Counsayle as followeth that is Where as the King of Englande hath his regall Courte without subiection to any man if there were therefore anye persones that founde themselues hurt or endomaged by hys people they myght come to hys Court and vppon declaration of theyr receyued iniuries they shoulde haue speedie iustice and to the ende they might thus do without all daunger whosoeuer mynded to complayne hee woulde giue vnto them a safeconducte to come and goe in safetye through hys lande But if this way pleased not the Frenche King then he was contented that there shoulde bee Arbitratours chosen on bothe sydes the whiche weighing the losses on bothe partyes might prouide howe to satisfie the complaynts and the King of Englande woulde for hys parte enter into bondes by obligation to stande to and abyde theyr order and iudgement herein so that the French king would likewise be bound for his part and if any such doubt fortuned to arise which could not be decyded by the sayde arbitrators let the same be reserued vnto the kings themselues to diseasse and determine and the king of Englande vpon a sufficient safeconduct had woulde come ouer to the Frenche King if he woulde come downe vnto any haââ¦n towne neare to the Sea coast that by mutuall assent an ende might be had in the businesse but if neither this waye shoulde please the Frenche king nor the other then let the matter bee committed to the order of the Pope to whom it apperteyned to nourish concorde among Christian Princes of bycause the Sea was as then voyde ⪠let the whole Colledge of Cardinals or part of them take order therin as should be thought necessarie that strife and discord being taken away and remoued peace might again flourish betwixt them and their people as before time it had done The French counsaile weyed nothing at all these offers would not so much as once vouchsafe to giue an answere vnto the English Ambassadors earnestly requiring the same Finally the French king sent vnto the Citie of Aniou which is knowne to belong vnto the Duchie of Guienne The king of England cited to appeare where he there caused the king of England to be cited to make his appearance at Paris at a certaine day to answere to the iniuries and rebellions by him done in the Countrey of Gascoigne at the which day when he appeared not the French king fitting in the seate of iudgement in hys owne proper person Sentence geueÌ against the king of Englande gaue sentence there agaynst the king of Englande for making default and withall commaunded the high Conestable of Fraunce to cease into his handes all the Duchie of Guienne and eyther take or expulse al the king of Englandes officers souldiours and deputies which were by him placed within the sayde Duchie The king a little before had sent thither a valiant knight named the Lord Iohn Saint Iohn which had furnished all the Cities townes Castels and places with men munition and vyttayles for defence of the same An. Reg. 22. In the meane time the king of Englande desirous to be at quiet with the French men appoynted his brother Edmunde Earle of Lancaster as then soiourning in France to go vnto the Frenche kings counsaile to procure some agreement which both might be allowed of the French king and not bee dishonourable vnto him But when the Erle could not preuaile in his sute hee tooke his iourney towardes Englande vtterlye dispayring to procure any peace But eââ¦e be came to the sea side 1294 he was
the kings letters were enclosed and appoint me sayth he vnto some corner of the wall trie whether I can handle a Crossebowe or not to defend it againste youre aduersaries Heere when other woulde haue opened the boxe and haue red the letters the captaine would in no wise consent thereto but going into a turret called to the Englishmen belowe and willed them to signifie to the K. that one of his seruants being fled to him sought to bewray his secretes wherevnto he would by no meanes agree therefore meant to restore both the traytor and y e letters Herevpon the Lord Iohn Spencer coÌming to heare what the matter might meane the Captaine caused Lewine to be let downe to hym togither with the letters safe and not touched by hym at all whiche thing when the Kyng vnderstood he muche commended the honest respect of the Captaine and where he had caused engynes to be reised to annoy theÌ within as ye haue heard he commaunded the same to ceasse and withall vpon their captaynes sute he granted them libertie to sende vnto their K. Iohn Ballioll ââ¦elchman ââ¦ed to gyue him to vnderstand in what sort they stood Touching the Welchman he was drawen and hanged on a paire of high galowes prepared for hym of purpose as he had well deserued And whylest the messengers were on their way towards Forfair where the Scottish K. then lay K. Edward with a parte of his army went vnto Striueling ââ¦ling ââ¦l left â⦠where he found the Castel gates set open and the keyes hanging on a naile so that hee entred there without any resistance for they that hadde thys Castel in gard were fledde out of it for feare before his comming The messengers that were sent from them within Edenburgh Castel comming to their king declared to him in what case they stoode that were besieged King Iohn for that hee was not able to succour them by anye manner of meanes at that presente sente them worde to take the best way they could for theyr owne safetie with whiche aunswere the messengers returning the Castell was immediately deliuered vnto the Lorde Iohn Spencer Edenburgh Castel deliuered to the K. of England that was left in charge with the siege at the Kings departure towards Striueling with the like conditioÌs as the Castell of Rockesburgh had yeelded alittle before And thus was that strong Castell of Edenburgh surrendred by force of siege to the kyng of Englands vse the fiftenth daye after hee hadde firste layde his siege aboute it A place of suche strength by the height of the grounde whereon it stoode that it was thought impregnable and had not bin wonne by force at any time sith the firste buylding thereof before that presente so farre as any remembraunce eyther by writing or otherwise could be had thereof Heere at EdeÌburgh or rather at Rockesburgh as Abingdon hathe a greate number of Wicelche footemen came to the Kyng who sente home the lyke number of Englishe footemen of those that seemed most wearie Moreouer at Striueling there came to the Kyng the Earle of Vlster with a greate number of IrishareÌ TheÌ passing ouer y e riuer of Forth Saint Iohns towne the Kyng came vnto Saint Iohns Towne aboute Midsommer and there tarried certayne dayes Whilest these things were a doing Iohn K. of Scotlande perceyuing that he was not of power to resist Kyng Edwarde The King of Scottes sueth for peace sente Ambassadors vnto him to sue for peace King Edwarde was content to heare them and therevpon appointed that King Iohn should resorte vnto the Castell of Brechin there to commen with suche of hys councell as hee woulde sende thither within fifteene dayes nexte ensuing The Bishop of Durham to treate of an agreemente King Edwarde sente thither Anthony Byshoppe of Durham with full commission to conclude all things in his name And within the appoynted tyme came Kyng Iohn and dyuers of his nobles vnto him the whiche after manye and sundry treaties holden betwixt them and the sayde Byshoppe The King of Scottes submitteth hymselfe vnto the K. of England at length they submitted themselues and the Realme of Scotland simply and purely into the handes of the Kyng of England for the which submission to be firmely kept and obserued kyng Iohn deliuered hys sonne in hostage and made letters thereof written in French conteyning as followeth JEhan per la grace de Dieu Rey de Escoce á touez ceulxs quae cestes praesentes lettes verront ou orront Saluz c. The instrument of the submission IOhn by the grace of God King of Scotland to all those that these present letters shall see or heare sendeth greeting Bicause that we through euill counsell and oure owne simplicitie haue greuously offended oure soueraigne Lorde Edwarde by the grace of God Kyng of Englande Lorde of Irelande and Duke of Aquitayne in many thynges that is to saye in that whereas wee beeyng and abidyng vnder hys faithe and homage haue bounde oure selues vnto the Kyng of Fraunce whyche then was hys enimie and yet is procuring a marriage with the daughter of hys brother Charles au Valoys and that wee myghte greeue our sayde Lorde and ayde the Kyng of Fraunce with all oure power by warre and other meanes we haue at length by aduice of oure peruerse counsell defied oure sayde Lorde the Kyng of Englande and haue putte oure selues out of hys allegiance and homage and sente oure people into Englande to brenne houses to take spoyles to committe murther with many other domages and also in fortifying the Kyngdome of Scotlande whiche is of hys fee puttyng and establishing armed menne in Townes Castels and other places to defende the lande agaynste hym to deforce hym of hys fee for the whyche transgressions oure sayde soueraigne Lorde the Kyng entring into the Realme of Scotlande with hys power hathe conquered and taken the same notwithstandyng all that wee coulde doe agaynste hym as by right he maye doe as a Lorde of hys fee bycause that we did render vnto hym oure homage and made the foresayde Rebellion Wee therefore as yet beeing in our full power and free will doe render vnto hym the lande of Scotland and all the people thereof with the homages In witnesse wherof wee haue caused these letters patentes to made Yeuen at Brechin the tenth daye of Iuly in the fourth yeare of oure raigne Sealed with the common seale of the Kyngdome of Scotlande King Edward passeth foreward through Scotland After thys Kyng Edwarde wente forwarde to see the Mountayne countreys of Scotlande the Byshoppe of Durham euer keepyng a dayes iorney afore hym At length when hee hadde passed through Murrey lande and was come to Elghin perceyuing all thynges to bee in quiet hee returned towardes Berwike and commyng to the Abbey of Scone he tooke from thence the Marble stone King Edward bringeth the Marble stone out of Scotlande wherevppon the Kynges of Scotlande were accustomed to sitte as in
forde Adaââ¦ââ¦mouth being remoued from the sea of Wynchester whereof hee was Bishoppe before that hee was thus called to the sea of Canterbury After Candelmasse 1334 Aâ⦠reg Adâ⦠ãâã Adaââ¦ââ¦th A parliament at Yorke the Kyng of Englande repaired towardes Yorke there to holde a parliament to the whiche beginnyng the Monday in the seconde wââ¦ke in Lent when Edwarde Balliol doubting to be surprised by his aduersaries coulde not come hee sente yet the Lorde Henrie de Beaumont and the Lorde William de Montatââ¦te to make excuse for him The kyng of Englande passing farther into the Northe partes helde hys Whââ¦sonââ¦yde at Newe Castell vpon Tyne with greate royaltie And shortly after Edward Balliol Kyng of Scottes came thither Edvvard Ballioll dâ⦠homage ãâã king of England for Sââ¦lande and vpon the ninteenth daye of Iune made his homage vnto the king of Englande and sware vnto him fealtie in the presence of a greate number of Nobles and Gentlemen there assembled as to his superiour and chiefe Lorde of the Realme of Scotlande byndyng hymselfe by that othe to hold the same realme of the king of Englande his heires and successors for euer He also gaue graÌted vnto y e K. of England at y e time .v. couÌties next adioyning vnto y e borders of EnglaÌd as Berwik and Rocksburgh Peplis and Dunfres the townes of Hadington and Gedworthe with the castell the forrestes of Silkirke Etherike and Gedworth so as all these portions should be eleââ¦ely separated from the crowne of Scotland and annexed vnto the crowne of England for euer And these thinges were confirmed and roborated with othe scepter and witnesse sufficient Whiche thinges done in due order as was requisite the Kyng of Englande retourned home and the Kyngs wente backe into Scotlande And then were all suche lordes restored againe to their landes and possessions in Scotlande whiche in the dayes of Edwarde the seconde had bene expulsed from the same and nowe they did theyr homage vnto the King of Scotlande for those landes as apperteyned Immediatly after the Kyng of Englande called a counsell of his Lordes spirituall and temporall at Notingham commaundyng them to meete hââ¦m there aboute the thirteenthe daye of Iuly there to consult with hym of weightie causes concerning the state of the realme This yeare on Sainct Clementes daye at night whiche falleth on the three and twentieth of Nouember throught a maruellouse inuââ¦dation and cising of the sea all alongest by the coastes of this realme ââ¦ation of ââ¦e sea but especially about the Thames the sea bankes or walles were broken and borne downe with violence of the water and infinite numbers of heastes and catââ¦aile drowned fruitfull grounds and pastures were made salte marshes ââ¦o as there was no hope that in long time they shoulde recouer againe theyr former fruitfulnesse In this meane time the Frenche Kyng was appoynted to haue made a viage againste the Sarazins enemies of our faith and had sente to the Kyng of England requering him of his companie in that iourney But the king of Englande beeing otherwise occupied wyth the affaires of Scotlande maâ⦠no direct aunswere therevnto Ambassadors from the FreÌch ââ¦ng so that the Frenche kyng perceyuing that the kyng of Englande was not in all things well pleased with him thought good before hee set forewarde on that iourney to vnderstande his meaning and therevppon sente eftsoones vnto him other ambassadours These ambassadours arriued here in Englande and had audience but nothing they concluded in effect saue that the kyng promised to sende his ambassadours ouer into Fraunce to haue further communication in the matter touching suche pointes of variaunce as depended beetwixt them Although Edward Balliol by the puissââ¦ce of the king of Englandes assistaunce had gotte the moste parte of the Realme of Scotland into his handes yet diuers castels were holden againste him and the Scots dayly stipped from him and by open rebellion molested him dyuers wayes The king of England aduertised therof called a parliament at London R. Southwell A parliamente at London wherin hee tooke order for his iourney into Scotland had a tenth and a fifteenth graunted hym and so abouts At ballontide hee came to Newecastell vppon Tine with his army and remained there ââ¦ill the feast of Saint Katherin and then entring into Scotlande came to Rockesburgh The king entreth into Scotland vvith an armie 1335. where he repared the Castell which had ben aforetime destroyed After the thirde daye of Christmasse was paste the kyng of Englande entred into Ethricke ââ¦rââ¦st beating it vp and downe but the Scottes would not come within his reach wherevpon he sent the Kyng of Scottes that was there present with him and the Earles of Warwicke and Oxforde and ââ¦rten other barons and knyghtes wyth theyr retinues vnto Carleiâ⦠to keepe and defende those West parts of the realme from the Scottes In their iourney thitherwardes they went by Peplis to apprehend certaine Scots whome they heard to be lodged abiding thereabouts but when they founde them not they wasted the countrey and tourned streight to Carleis whereafter the Epiphanie there assembled an armie foorthe of the Counties of Lancaster Westââ¦and and Cumberland by the kinges appointement whiche army togither with the kyng of Scottes and the other Lordes there founde entred Scotland and did muche ãâã in the country of Galloway Marl. destroying towns and all that they found abroade but the people were fled and withdraweâ⦠out of theyr way And when they had taken their pleasure the Kyng of Scottes ratourned backe to Castell This yeare three foll gââ¦e abundaunce of raine A dearth and death of cattel and therevppon ensued morraine of beastes also corne ââ¦o failed this yeare that a quarter of wheate was solde at fortie shillings Finally when the kyng had finished his businesse in Scotlande An. reg 9. as to his seeming stoode with his pleasure he retourned into England Ambassadours sent into FraÌce and shortely after hee sente the Archbyshoppe of Canterburye sir Phillippe de Montacute and Geffrey Scrope vnto the Frenche king to conclude a firme amitie and league with him These Lords comming into France were not at the firste admitted to the Frenche Kings presence till they shewed themselues halfe greened with that straunge ââ¦raling for then finally were they brought vnto hym who gently receyued them and caused the matter to bee entreated of aboute the whiche they were sente in furthering whereof suche diligence wâ⦠vsed that finally a conclusion of peace and concord was agreed and so farre passed that proclamation thereof shoulde haue bene made in Paris and in the countrey thereabout the next day but vnneth were the english Ambassadors returned vnto theyr lodgings when they were sent for back againe and further enformed that the Frenche King minded to haue Dauid king of Scotlande comprised in the same league so that hee might be restored vnto his kingdome and the Balliol put out The Englishe Ambassadors
seruaunts and rested not till he came to his owne Castell where he dwelled being .xxx. mile distant from the place of the battaile There was taken also beside him Hec. Boetius Southwell Fabian Froissart the Erles of Fife Sutherlande Wighton and Menteth the Lorde William Dowglas the Lord Vescie the Archb. of S. Andrewes and another Bishop wyth Sir Thomelyn Fowkes and diuerse other men of name There were slaine of one and other to the number of .xv. M. This battaile was fought beside the citie of Durham Neuils crosse at a place called Neuils crosse vpon a Saterday next after the feast of S. Michaell See in ScotlaÌd Pag. 350. 351 in the yeare of our Lorde .1346 He that will see more of this battaile may finde the same also set forth in the Scottishe hystorie as theyr writers haue written thereof And forsomuch as by the circumstances of their writings it shoulde seeme they kept the remembraunce of the same battaile perfitely registred wee haue in this place onely shewed what other wryters haue recorded of that matter and left that which the Scottishe Chronicles write to be seene in the life of king Dauid without much abridging thereof Hec. Boetius Counttreys of Scotland subdued by the Englishmen Froissart The English men after this victorie thus obteyned tooke the Castels of Roxburgh and Hermitage and also without any resistance subdued the Countreys of Annandale Galloway Mers Tiuidale and Ethrike Forest extending theyr marches forth at y e time vnto Cokburnes Peth and Sowtray hedge and after vnto Trarlinlips and crosse Cane The Queene of England being certainly enformed that the king of Scottes was taken and that Iohn Copland had conueyed him out of the field no man vnderstood to what place she incoÌtinently wrote to him Iohn Copland refuseth to deliuer the king of Scottes commaunding him forthwith to bring his prisoner king Dauid vnto hir presence but Iohn Copland wrote to hir againe for a determinate answere that he would not deliuer his prisoner the sayde king Dauid vnto any person liuing man or woman except onely to the king of England his soueraigne Lord maister Herevpon the Queene wrote letters to the king signifying to him both of the happie victorie chanced to his people against the Scots also of the demeanor of Iohn Coplande in deteyning the Scottish king King Edwarde immediatly by letters commaunded Iohn Coplande to repaire vnto him where hee laye at siege before Calais which with all conuenient speede he did and there so excused himselfe of that which the Queene had found hirselfe grieued with him for deteyning the king of Scots from hir that the king did not ââ¦ly pardon him but also gaue to him .v. C. Iohn Câ⦠reaâ⦠pounds sterling of yearely rent to him and to his heyâ⦠for euer in reward of his good seruice and valiant prowes and made him Esquier for his bodie coÌmanding him yet vpoÌ his returne into England to deliuer king Dauid vnto the Queene whiche he did and so excused himselfe also vnto hir that she was therwith satisfied and content The Queene then after she had taken order for the safe keping of the king of Scots and good gouernment of the realme toke the sea and sayled ouer to the K. hir husband stil lying before Calais Whilest Calais was thus besieged by the king of Englande the Flemings which had lately before besieged Betwine Iames Mâ⦠The Fleâ⦠had raysed from thence about the same time that the battaile was fought at Cressy nowe assemble togither againe and doing what domage they mighte agaynste the Frenche men on the borders they lay siege vnto the towne of Ayre Moreouer Froissart they wrought so for the king of England earnestly requiring their friendship in that behalfe that their soueraigne Lorde Lewes 1347 An. reg â⦠Earle of Flaunders being as then about fiftene yeares of age fianced the Ladie Isabel daughter to the king of England The Earle of Flaââ¦ders ââ¦strayned to promise ââ¦riage to the king of EnglaÌds dââ¦gâ⦠more by coÌstraint in deed of his subiects than for any good wil he bare to the king of England for he would often say that he would neuer mary hir whose father had slain his but there was no remedie for the Flemings kept him in maner as a prisoner till he graunted to folow their aduice But the same weeke that the mariage was appoynted to bee solemnized the Earle as he was abrode in hawking at the Hearon stale away and fled into France not staying to ride his horse vpon the spurres till he came into Arthois and so dishonourably disappoynted both the king of England and his owne naturall subiects the Flemings to their high displeasure There were taken beside the Lorde Charles de Bloys naming himselfe Duke of Brytayne diuerse other Lordes and men of name as Monsieur Guy de la Vaal sonne and heyre to the Lorde la Vaal which dyed in the battayle the Lord of Rocheford the Lorde de Beaumanour the Lord of Loyack with other Lordes knights and Esquiers in great numbers There were slaine the sayde Lorde de la Vaall the Vicounte of Rohan the Lorde of Chasteau Brian the Lorde de Mailestrââ¦ite the Lorde de Quintin the Lord de Rouge the Lord of Dereuall and his sonne Sir Raufe de Montfort and many other worthie men of armes Knightes and Esquiers to the number betwixt sixe and seuen hundred as by a letter wrytten by the sayde sir Thomas Dagworth and regystred in the Hystorie of Robert de Auesburie it doeth appeare In this meane while King Philip hauing daylye worde howe the power of his enimie king Edwarde dyd encrease by ayde of the Easterlings and other nations Fabian whiche were to him allyed and that his menne within Calais were brought to such an extreame poynt that wythout speedie reskue they coulde not long keepe the Towne but muste of force render it ouer into the handes of hys sayde enimye to the great preiudice of all the Realme of Fraunce TheÌ French king assembleth an army Froissart after greate deliberation taken vpon this so weightie a matter hee commaunded euerie man to meete hym in theyr best array for the warre at the feast of Pentecost in the Citie of Amiens or in those marches At the day and place thus appoynted there came to him Odes Duke of Burgoigne and the Duke of Normandie eldest sonne to the King the Duke of Orleaunce his yongest sonne the Duke of Burbon the Earle of Fois the Lorde Lois de Sauoy the Lorde Iohn of Heynault the Erle of Arminacke the Earle of Forrest and the Erle Valentinois with many other These noble men being thus assembled they tooke counsayle which way they myght passe to gyue battayle to the Englishe menne It was thought the best way had beene through Flaunders but the Flemings in fauour of the king of Englande denyed The Fleming a besiege Ayre not onely to open theyr passages to the
of armes and archers a greater number than in Parliamente was firste to hym assigned hee sette from Plimmouth on the daye of the natiuitie of oure Lady They were in all three hundred sayle and finding the winde prosperous they passed ouer into Gascoigne where of the Gascoignes they were ioyfully receyued In August the Englishmen that were in Britaine warring agaynste the Frenchmenne that tooke parte with the Lorde Charles de Bloys slewe many of them and tooke the Lorde of Beaumanor the vicount of Roan and dyuers other This yeare also aboute Michaelmas the King hauing sommoned an army to be ready at Sandwich passed ouer to Caleis with the same There wente ouer with him his two sonnes Lionell of Andwerp Earle of Vlster and Iohn of Gant Earle of Richmont He found at Caleis a thousand men of armes that came to serue hym for wages forthe of Flaunders Brabant and Almaigne so that hee had about three thousand men of armes and two thousand archers on horsebacke beside archers on foote in great number ââ¦e Citie of ââ¦don The Citie of London had sente to hym fiue and twentie men of armes and fiue hundred archers all in one sute or liuerti at their owne costes and charges The second of Nouember he set from Caleis marching foorthe towardes Saint Omers wasting the Countrey by the way as he passed The Frenche Kyng beeyng the same tyme within the Towne of Sainte Omers ââ¦e king inââ¦eth France ââ¦e lord Bouââ¦t sente the Lord Bousicant vnto the Kyng of Englande that vnder colour of communication hee might viewe the Kyngs power who made such reporte thereof vppon hys returne backe to the Frenche Kyng that he determined not to fighte with the King of Englande but rather to passe before hym and so to destroy vittayles that for wantâ⦠thereof the Kyng of Englande shoulde hee constreyned to returne And as he determined so it came to passe for the vittayles were so cutte off that the Englishmenne for three dayes togither dranke nothing but water ââ¦oissart ââ¦e Kyng for ââ¦t of victuâ⦠returneth When therefore Kyng Edwarde had followed his enimies so farre as Heyden where hee brake the Parke and brents the houses within and about the Parke although he entred not into the Towne nor Castell at length for defence of vitrayles he returned backe and came agayâ⦠to Caleis on Saint Martins day Auesburie being the teÌth after his setting foorth from thence The morrow after beeing Thursday and the twelfth of Nouember ãâã CoÌnestable of FraÌce ââ¦e Conestaâ⦠of France ââ¦mmandeth ââ¦tayle and other Frenchmenâ⦠came to the ende of the caulsey of Caleis with letters of credeneâ⦠offering battaile the twesday nexte following vnto the King of Englande in presence of the Duke of Lancaster the Earles of Northampton and the Lord Walter de Manne who in the Kings behalfe declared to the Cââ¦nnestable that the King of Englande ââ¦e answere ââ¦de to him to eschew shedding of bloud woulde fight with the French King body to body so to ââ¦ie their right and if he liked not of that matche then if hee woulde choose three or foure Knightes to him that were neerest to hym is bloud hee shoulde choose the like number but when this offer would not be accepted the English Lordes offered battell the next day beeyng Fridaye or else on Saterday following at the Frenchemennes choyce but the Connestable of Fraunce and his company continuing on theyr first oââ¦r refused both those dayes Then the Englishe Lordes accepted the days by ââ¦hââ¦th assigned with condition that if they be ougthe not King Edwarde to giue that ââ¦yle that daye they woulde ãâ¦ã prisoners so that the Frenchmenne woulde ââ¦wise vndertake for theyr Kââ¦ng The Contestable ãâã no aunswere ready stayed a ââ¦hile and after flatly refused to make any such couenaunt Finally when the English Lordes perceyued there aduersaries not to ââ¦e battayle as theyr wordes of the first pretended they brake ast and both parties returned home The King of Englande stayed till the twesday and payd the straungers their wages and so came backe into England The sixth of Nouembre whilest the Kyng was thus abroade in Picardy Berwike taken by Scottes the Scottes very earely in the morning of that daye came priuily to Berwike entred by fleâ⦠into the towne and sââ¦eaing there or foure Englishmenne tooke it with all the goodes and persons within it those excepted which got to the Castell In a Parliamente summoned this yeare A parliament the Monday after the feast of Saint Edmonde the King the Lords and commons graunted to K. Edward 50. ss of euery sacke of woolle that shuld be carried ouer the sea for the space of sixe yeares next ensuing By this grant it was thoughte y e the K. might dispeÌd a M. markes sterling a day such went of woolles had the English merchants in that season The Parliament being ended the K. about S. Andrews tide set forward towards Scotland held his Christmas at new Castell About which time by letters seat froÌ y e Prince y e K. was aduertised of his proceedings after hys arriuall in Gascoigne wher being ioyfully receiued of the nobles other y e people of that couÌtrey as before ye haue heard he declared to them the cause of his thither coÌming tooke aduice with them how to proceede in his businesse and so about y e truth of October he set forward to passe against his enimies first entring into a countrey called Iuliake which to get her with the fortresses The procedinges of the prince of Wales in Aquitayne yeelded whom witholde any great resistaÌce TheÌ he rode through y e countrie Armignac wasting spoiling the countrey and so passed through the landes of the vieountes de la Riuiere and after entred into the countie de l Eseraâ⦠and passing through y e some came into the countie of Commyges finding the Towne of Saint Matan voyde being a good towne and one of the best in that countrey After this he passed by the lande of the Earle of ââ¦le till hee came within a league of Tholouse where the Earle of Armignac beeyng the French Kings Lieutenaunt in those parties and other great Lords and nobles were asseÌbled The Prince with his army carried there a two dayes and after passed ouer riuer of Garonne after ouer an other riuer thereaboutes a league aboue Tholouse lodging that nighte a league on the other side of Tholon seâ⦠and so they passed through Tholouzaine taking daylye Townes and Castels wherein they found great riches for the countrey was very plentifull Vpon Alhallowen euen they came to Castell Naudarie and from thence they tooke the way to Carcasson Carcasson into the whiche a greate number of men of armes and commons were withdrawen But vpon the approch of the Englishmen they slipt away and got them to a strong Castell that stoode neere at hand The thirde daye after the Englishmen brente the Towne and passing foorth
deuyse to the Kyng and where hee perceyued by hys cheere and countenaunce that hys heart was full of pensiue griefe carefull thought and heauynesse he comforted hym in the beste maner that hee myght and sayd to him Moste noble King there is no cause wherefore your grace shoulde be pensiue The Prince cheereth the French king though God this daye didde not consente to followe youre will For your noble prowes and dignitie royall wyth the supreme type of youre Kyngly Maiestye remayneth whole and inuiolate and whatsoeuer maye rightly bee called yours so that no violente force of time shall blotte out or diminishe the same Paulus Aââ¦milius the Almightie God hath determined that the chaunce of warre shall rest in his disposition and will as all other things Your elders haue atchieued bothe by lande and sea many noble enterprices The whole compasse of Europe al the East parts of the world all places and countreys bothe farre and neare are full of monumentes witnessing the noble victories attained by the Frenche people The cause of godlie liuing and religion the dignity and preheminence of Christianitie hathe bene defended and augmented by you againste the moste mightie and puissaunt capitaines of the infidels enemies to the said Christian religion All ages shall make mention of your worthie praises no nation there is but shall confesse it selfe bounden at one time or other for benefites receiued at your handes neyther is there any people but suche as hope to be hereafter bounden to you for reliefe and benefites to proceede from you in time to come one or twoo batails haplye haue chaunced amongest so many triumphs otherwise than you wold haue wished Chaunce woulde it shoulde be so whiche maye enfeeble and make weake the power of horses armor and weapon your inuincible courage and royall magnanimitie lyeth in your power to reteyne neyther shall this day take any thing from you or yours And this realme of Fraunce whiche hathe procreate and brought foorth norished so many of my noble progenitors shall perceyue my good meanyng towardes hir and not forgetfull of myne elders and towarde your maiestie if you will vouchsafe that I shoulde glorye of that name a most humble kinsman There are manye occasions of loue and freendshippe betwixte you and my father whiche I truste shall take place for I knowe all his thoughtes and inwarde meanings you shall agree and come to an attonement right easily togither and I pray God he neuer take me for his sonne except I haue you in the same degree of honour reuerence and faithfull loue whiche I owe towardes hym The king as reason wold acknowleged this to proceede of great curteste The Frenche King thanketh the Prince shewed towardes him in the prince and thanked him accordingly And the Prince performing in deede that whiche hee spake with worde ceased from further vsing of fire or other endomaging of the Frenche dominions taking his way through the countreys of Poictow and Xaintonge by easie iourneys The prince returneth to Berdeaux Froissart he and his people came to Blay and so passed ouer the water to Burdeaux in good safetie with all their riches and prisoners The Prince gaue to the lorde Iames Audeley who hadde receiued in the battaile many sore woundes v. C. The lord Audley revvarded markes of yearely reuenues assigned foorth of his landes in Englande the whiche gifte the knight graunted as freelye as he hadde receiued it vnto foure of his Esquiers whyche in the battaile hadde bene euer attendaunt aboute his person without whose ayde and valiant support he knewe well that he had bene slaine sundrie times in the same battaile by his enimies When the Prince hearde that he hadde so done hee marueiled what his meaning was therby and caused him to be brought beefore his presence and demaunded of hym wherefore he hadde so lightlie giuen away that rewarde whiche hee had bestowed vpon hym and whether hee thought that gifte to meane for him or not The Lorde Audeley so excused himselfe in extosting the good seruice done to him by his Esquiers throughe whome he hadde so many times escaped the daungers of deathe that the Prince did not onelie confirme the resignation of the fiue hundred marks giuen to the esquiers but also rewarded the lord Audley wyth vj. C. markes more of like yearely reuenues in maner and forme as her had receiued the other When the newes of this greate victorie came into Englande of the ouerthrowe of the Frenchemen and taking of the Frenche king yee may bee sure there was greate ioy shewed by outwarde tokens as bonfiers made Bonfiers feastes and banquets kept throughe the whole realme likewise the Gascoignes and englishemen beeing come to Burdeaux made greate reuell and pastime there spending freely that gold siluer which they had won in the battell of Poictiers and else where in that iourney This yeare in Aprill the Prince of Wales tooke shipping with his prisoners at Burdeaux and the fifthe of Maye arriued at Plimmouth 1357 An. reg 32. The foure and twentieth day of May bee was with greate honour ioyfully receiued of the citizens into the citie of London Ad. to Merimouth The prince bringeth the Frenche King ouer into Englande and so conueyed to the pallace of Westminster where the Kyng sitting in Westminster hall receyued the Frenche king and after conueyed hym to a lodging appointed for him where he laye a season but after hee was remoued to the Savoy whiche was at that time a goodly house apperteining to the Duke of Lancaster though afterwardes it was brent and destroyed by Wat Tyler and Iacke Strawe and theyr companie In this place the Frenche Kyng laye and kept house a long time after In the Winter followyng were royall Iustes holden in Smithfielde at the whiche were presente the Kings of England A Iustes holden Smithfielde Fraunce and Scotland with many greate estates of all their three kingdomes of the whiche the more parte of the straungers were as then prisoners It was reported that the French kyng could nor so dissemble nor cloke his inwarde thought but that there appeared some tokens of griefe in his countenaunce whilest hee behelde these warlike pastimes and when the king of Englande The Frenche King fââ¦vvfull and his sonne Prince Edwarde with comfortable wordes required hym after supper to put all pensiue cares out of his fantasie and to bee merrie and sing as other did he shoulde make this aunswere with a smyling countenaunce Quomodo cantabimus canticum in terra alienae Tho. VVals Frââ¦rt Aboute the same time there came ouer into Englande twoo Cardinalles the one called Talirande beyng bishoppe of Alba and commonly named the Cardinall of Pierregort Caââ¦a ãâã Englands and the other hight Nicholas intitled Cardinall of Saint Vitale or as Frossart hath of Dargell they were sente from Pope Innocent the sixte to entreate for a peace betwixte the Kinges of Englande and Fraunce but they coulde not
siege at Ipre brokeÌ vp to reyse their siege from Ipre the Monday after being S. Laurence day and to withdrawe into Bruckburg Berghen Dixmew Newport Cassell Dunkirke Grauelyn and other places which they had wonne But at Newporte the townesmen set vp the Erles banner and assayling those that were come into the towne slewe diuers of them The Englishmen being sore offended therwith Nevvport sacked and brente by the Engliââ¦h men and Gaââ¦tyners came running thither with certain Gauntiners and made greate slaughter of them that had so murthered their fellowes The town was sacked al the goods aswell Churche iewels as other wer sent away partly by sea into England partly by waggons vnto Berge After this they sette fire in more than .xxx. places of the towne so that there remained nothing vnbrent The Englishmen and Gantiners y t were withdrawn into Berg got togither al the waggons in the country about placing the same vpon the ditches and rampiers to fortifye the same against their enimies Thom. VVal. Some write that after the breaking vp of the siege at Ipres the Bishop of Norwich wold gladly haue perswaded the lords and knightes that were there with him A couragious and vvarlik bishoppe to haue entred into Picardie and there to haue offred the French K. bataille before his whole ãâã ââ¦bin assembled but sir Tho. Triuet sir ãâ¦ã ElmhaÌ with other wold in no wise ãâ¦ã vnto so that y e bishop taking with him ãâã Caluerley that did the life forsake him ãâã ââ¦ther farewell and flist making a ãâã and ââ¦cardie he after withdrew into Grauelyn ââ¦les the other went to Bruckburg ãâã Frossart and other writers it appereth that ãâ¦ã was certainly at Berge with other that ââ¦tired thither in purpose to defende ãâ¦ã the frenche king who still folowed them and ââ¦red dyuers places out of theyr hands by ãâã Mont Cassell the castell of Drinthâ⦠ãâ¦ã Also at his coÌming to Berghen y â saââ¦e sir Hugh Caluerley and other that were within ãâã ââ¦uing that they were not able to defend it ãâ¦ã suche a puissaââ¦ce as the french K. had there with him being greater than euer sir Hugh ââ¦ley that auncient captaine would haue thought that FrauÌce had bin able to haue set wyth ââ¦ted left the town to be spoyled of the Brytoâ⦠and other french souldiors which exeâ⦠there all kinds of cruelty The more part of y e englishmen went to Bruckburgh but sir Hugh Cââ¦ley went to Grauelin so to Caleis ãâ¦ã displeased in his minde for that his ãâã could not be regarded in all this voiage which if it had bin followed wold haue brought it to a better issue than now it was as was supposed The Frenche Kyng followyng the ãâã of good fortune that guided his stern The FreÌche Kâ⦠vvith his huge army ãâã the English ãâã out of Fâ⦠marched forth to Bruckburghe so that the vaward of his army came before that towne on the Holyrood day in September vnder the leading of y e erle of FlauÌders the duke of Britaine the Lorde Oliuer de Clisson hygh Constable of Fraunce Bruckburgh yelded to the French and the L. Valeran erle of S. Paule the whiche demeaned themselues in such sorte that althought the englishemen within valiantly defended the frenchemens assaulte yet the iij. day after the frenchemens coÌming thither the englishmeÌ by composition that they might depart with bag bagage yelded vp the towne which on the .xix. of SepteÌber being Satterday as that yere came aboute was abandoned to the frenche souldiors to rifle and spoile at their pleasure in the whiche feate the Britons bare y e bell away dooing more mischiefe vnto the poore inhabitants than with toââ¦g can be recited The duke of Britain a ãâã to the Englishmen The duke of Britaine holpe greatly to make the composition that the englishmen might departe in safetie for the which doing he was in greate hatred and obloquy of the souldiers the which affirmed that he was not onely a friende to the englishemen but an enimy to hys countrey and a traytor to the commen wealthe The Englishmen coÌming to Grauelyn set it on fire and departed streight to Caleys leauing the countrey of Flanders to the Frenchmen and so returned into Englande where they were not greatly commended for their seruice but were put so farre in blame that sir Thomas Triâ⦠and sir William Elâ⦠wer coÌmitted ãâã prison within the Tower of London as men suspected of euill dealing in the deliuerie of Bruckburg and Grauelin to the French mens handes for immediatly after that they had lefte Grauelyn Grauelyn forâ⦠by the Frenchemen ãâã counterâ⦠to Caâ⦠Tho. VVals the Frenchmen came thither and fortifyed it for a countergarison to Caleys There be that write how the French king offred to giue the bishop of Norwich .xv. M. marks to rase the town of Grauelyn so to leaue it vnto him the bishop hauing libertie with all his people and goodes to depart in safetie The bishop required to haue libertie for certain days to make herevnto a full deliberate answere which was graunted and in the meane tyme he sent into England to aduertise the king in what state he stood and how the Frenche king lay before him with a mightie armye therfore if he meant euer to trie battayle with the Frenchemen nowe was the tyme. The same sommer the King w t the Queene weÌt abrode in progresse visiting in their way the riche abbeys of the realme The Kyng and Queene in proâ⦠as Bury Thetforde Norwich others going about a great part of y t realme and when these newes came to him froÌ the bishop of Norwich he was at Dauentrie in Northamtonshire and beeing the same time at supper he put the table from him rising with al hast got him to horseback and rode in post that night changing horse diuers tymes with suche speed that he came to S. Albons about midnight making no stay there longer than he had borowed the Abbots gelding hasted forth til he came to Westminster so that it appered he wold neuer haue rested til he had passed the sea giueÌ battail to the FrenchmeÌ But after his coÌming to West minster aweried with that hastic iorney he got him to bed liked so wel of ease that he thought good to send a lieutenant in his stead to passe the seas to deliuer y e bish froÌ danger of his enimies Herevpon was the duke of Lacaster sent for ãâã heate ââ¦one cooled that he might with suche power as was redy to passe the seas goe ouer with the same and giue battayle to the French king but he protracted time till the respite graunted to the Bishoppe to make answer was expired and so the Bishop when he sawe no succour come forth of Englande rased the towne as the couenant was but money he would not or did not receiue bicause he thought in so doing he should offend the counsaile At
abolished the Pope might not sayd his nuncio with a safe conscience otherwise do than proceede against theÌ that made those statuts in such order as the Canons did appoint Moreouer the said nuncio declared to the king certaine daungerous practises betwixt the Antipape and the French king as to make the duke of Touraine the FreÌch kings brother king of Tuskaine and Lombardie and to establish the Duke of Aniou in the kingdome of Sicille Moreouer he gaue the king to vnderstande The Pope Nââ¦ââ¦io openâ⦠the king the French king pââ¦y practâ⦠that if the Frenche king might compasse by the Antipapes meane to bee chosen Emperour hee woulde seeke to vsurpe vpon ech mans right and therefore it stoode the king of England chiefly in hande to prouyde agaynst such practises in time And as for the treatie of peace which the Frenche men seemed so much to fauour it was to none other ende but that vpon agreement once hadde they might more conueniently compasse theyr purpose in the premisses Furthermore Nuncio the nuncio ernestly besought the king of ayd in the Popes behalf against the FreÌch king if as he threatned to do he shoulde inuade him in Italie with open force The king seemed to giue fauourable eare vnto the nuncio and after aduice taken appoynted to stay till after Michaelmasse at what time a parliament was appoynted to be assembled wherein such things as he had proponed shoulde be weyed and coÌsidered of some conclusion taken therein The Duke of Gloucester his iourney into Prutzen land About the same time the Duke of Gloucester went into Prutzen land to the great griefe of the people that made account by his departure as if the sunne had beene taken from the earth doubting some mishappe to followe to the common welth by his abseÌce The Duke of Gloucester in great fauor with the commons whose presence they thought sufficient to stay all detriments y t might chaunce for in hym the hope of the Commons onelye rested In his returne home he was sore formented with rough weather teÌpestuous seas At length yet he arriued in Northumberlande and came to the Castell of Tinmouth as to a Sanctuarie knowne to him of olde where after hee had refreshed him certaine dayes he tooke his iourney homewardes to Plaschy in Essex bringyng no small ioy for his safe returne to all the Kingdome An. reg 15. The ninth of Iuly the Sunne seemed darkned wyth certaine grosse and euill fauoured cloudes comming betwixt it and the earth so as it appeared ruddie but gaue no light from noone till the setting thereof And afterwardes continually for the space of sixe Weekes aboute the midst of the day clowds customarily rose somtimes they continued both day and nighte not vanishing away at all The same tyme suche a mortalitie and death of peope increased in Norffolke and in many other Countrees of England that it seemed not vnlike the season of the great pestilence A great death in York sun dry other places In the Citie of Yorke there died .xj. thousande within a short space Henrie Percy Erle of Northumberland lieutenaunt of Calais was called home from that charge and created warden of the Marches agaynst Scotland Robert Mowbray was sent to Calays to be the kings lieutenant there A parliament at London On Fryday next after all soules day the Parliament began at London in which the knightes would in no wise agree that the statute made agaynst spirituall men for the prouiding themselues of benefices in the Court of Rome should be repelled but yet they agreed thus much that it should be tollerated so as with the kings lycence such spirituall men might purchase to themselues such benefices till the next Parliament Halfe a tenth and halfe a fiftenth were granted to the King in thys Parliament to the furnishing of the treatie of peace whiche the Duke of Lancaster was appoynted to prosecute Also conditionally a whole tenth and a whole fiftenth were graunted to him if it chaunced that hee made anye iourney that yeare agaynst the Scottes The price of corne that had continued at an high rate almost for the space of two yeres The flix gotteÌ by excessiue feeding on fruites began to fall immediately after the haruest got in to the great reliefe of the poore which before throughe immoderate eating of Nuttes and Aples fell into the disease called the Flixe whereof manye dyed and surely as was thought the death and dearth had beene greater if the commendable diligence of the Lorde Maior of London had not beene The L. Maior of London coÌmended for his careful prouision of corne from beyonde the seas in the time of dearth in relieuing the Commons by suche prouision as hee made for corne to bee brought vnto London from the partyes of beyonde the Seas where otherwise neyther had the Countrey beene able in any thing to haue sufficed the Citie nor the Citie the Countrey On Christmasse day a Dolphin that came forth of the Sea vp the Thames vnto London bridge was espyed of the Citizens as he played in the water and being followed and pursued A Dolphyn taken at London bridge wyth much ado was taken He was ten foote long and a monstrous growne fishe so as the sight of him was straunge to many that behelde him He was thought by his coÌming so far into the landward to foreshew such tempests as within a weeke after did follow Ye haue heard how the matter for a treatie of peace had beene first broched by the French king by sending Ambassadours to the king of Englande to moue the same 1392 Which motion beeyng throughly considered of the estates assembled in this last Parliament it was decreed that it shuld goe forwarde as before ye haue heard and so about Candlemasse the Lorde Thomas Percy Embassadors sent to the French king to treaââ¦e of peace sir Lewes Clifford and sir Robert Briquet with diuerse other in their companie were sent ouer to the French king and comming to Paris founde him lodged in his house of Louvre where they declared to him the good affection of the king theyr maister towardes peace and the better to bryng it to passe they shewed that king Richardes desire was to haue some place and time appoynted for Commissioners to meete with authoritie to treate and conclude vpon articles as shoulde bee thought expedient The French king greatly honored these Ambassadors in feasting and banquetting them for the space of sixe dayes togither and for answere concluded with them that he himselfe with hys vncles and other of his counsaile would bee at Amiens by the midst of Marche nest ensuing there to abide the king of EnglaÌds comming and his vncles if it should please them thither to come The English Ambassadors said there was no doubt but that either the K. himself or his vncles should be there at the day assigned with full authoritie to conclude any agreement that shoulde seeme
otherwise thââ¦n stoode with his honour for reformation whereof he conferred with the Abbot of S. Albons and the Prior of Westminster A conspiracy betvvene the duke of Gloucester and the Abbot of Saint Albons The Abbot was both his cousin and godfather and hauing one day both the Duke and Prior at his house in Saint Albons after dinner he fell in talke with the Duke and Priour and amongst other communication required of the Priour to tell a trouthe whether he had any vision y e night before or not The Prior seemed loth to make a direct answer but at leÌgth being earnestly requested Out of an olde frenche pamphâ⦠belonging to Iohn Stovv as well by the abbot as duke he declared that hee had a vision in deede which was that the realme of England should be destroyed through the misgouernment of K. Richard By the virgine Mary sayd the Abbot I had the verie same vision The Duke here vpon disclosed vnto them all the secrets of his mynde and by their deuises presently coÌtriued an assemble of diuers great lordes of the realme at Arundell castell that day fortnighte at what tyme he himselfe appointed to be there with the Earles of Darbie Arundell Marshall and Warwike Also the Archebishoppe of Canterburye the Abbotte of Sainte Albons the Priour of Westminster with diuers other These estates beeing come to Arundell Castell at the daye appoynted An. reg 2â⦠aboute the verie beginning of the .xxj. yere of king Richards reigne They sware eche to other to bee assistant in all suche matters as they shoulde determyne and therewith receyued the Sacrament at the hands of the Archebishoppe of Canterbury who celebrated Masse before them the morrowe after Whiche doone they with drewe into a chaumber and fell in counsell togyther where in the ende they light vpon this poynte to take Kyng Rycharde the Dukes of Lancaster The purpose of the conspirators and Yorke and commytte them to pryson and all the other Lordes of the kings Counsell they determined shuld be drawen and hanged Such was their purpose whiche they ment to haue accomplished in August following But the Erle Marshall that was Lord deputie of Caleys The erle Marshall discloseth the conspiracy and had maryed the Erle of Arundels daughter discouered all theyr counsell to the Kyng and the verie daye in whiche they shoulde beginne their enterprise The king bad the Earle Marshall take heede what hee hadde sayde for if it proued not true hee shoulde repente it But the Earle constantely herevnto aunswered that if the matter mighte bee proued otherwise he was contented to bee drawen and quartered The king herevpon wente to London where he dyned at the house of his brother the Earle of Huntington in the streete behynde All hallowes churche vpon the banke of the riuer of Thames whiche was a ryght fayre and stately house After dinner he gaue his counsell to vnderstande all the matter by whose aduise it was agreed that the King should assemble forthwith what power he might coÌueniently make of men of armes and archers and streighte wayes take horsse accompanied with his brother the Erle of Huntington and the Erle Marshall Herevpon at .vj. of the clock in the afternoone the iust houre when they vsed to go to supper the king mounted on horsebacke and roade his waye whereof the Londoners had great meruaile After that the K. began to approche the dukes house at Plaschy in Essex where he then lay he coÌmaunded his brother the Erle of Huntington to ride afore The Earle of Rutlande hathe Grafton to know if the duke were at home and if he were then to tel him that the king was comming at hande to speake with him The erle with .x. persons in his companie amending his pace for the king had made no greate haste all the night before as should appeare by his iorney came to the house and entring into the court asked if the duke were at home and vnderstanding by a Gentlewoman that made him answer that both the duke and the Duchesse were yet in bed he be sought hir to go to the Duke and to shewe him that the K. was coÌming at hand to speake with him forthwith came the king with a coÌpetent number of menne of armes and a greate companie of Archers riding into the base court his trumpets sounding before him The duke herewith came downe into the base court where the king was hauyng none other apparell vpon him but his shirt and a cloke or a mantel cast aboute his shoulders with humble reuerence sayd y t his grace was welcome asking of the lords how it chanced they came so early sent him no word of their coÌming The Kyng heerewith courteously requested him to goe and make him readye ãâ¦ã his house to be sadled for that hee ãâ¦ã ryde with him a little waye and coâ⦠him of busynesse The Duke ãâ¦ã into his chamber to put vpon hym his ãâã and the Kyng alyghtyng from hys ãâ¦ã in talke with the duchesse and hir laââ¦s The Earle of Huntington and diuers ãâã ââ¦lowed the duke into the hall and there ãâ¦ã him til he had put on his raument And ãâã whyle they came foorth againe all togither ãâã the base court wher the king was deâ⦠ãâã the duchesse in pleasant talke whome ãâ¦ã nowe to returne to hir lodgyng againe for ãâã might stay no longer and so tooke his horse againe and the Duke likewise And shortely after that the king and all his companie were goâ⦠foorth of the gate of the base court be coâ⦠the Erle Marshal to apprehend the Duke The Duke of Gâ⦠ãâã which incontinently was ââ¦oon according to the Kings appoyntment Here we finde some variance in writers ãâã as by an old French pamphlet which I haue ãâã it should appere the King commanded first ãâã this Duke should be conueyed vnto the Tower where he ment to common with him and ãâ¦ã any other place but neuerthelesse the king shortly after appointed that he should be sent to Caleys as in the same Pamphlet is also contended others write that immediatly vppon his apprehension the Earle Marshall conueyed him vnto the Thames and there beeing set aboorde in a shippe prepared of purpose hee was broughte to Calleys where hee was at lengthe dispatched out of lyfe eyther strangled or smoothered with pillowes as some doe write Out of an ââ¦le ââ¦reach ãâã For the Kyng shynkyng it not good that the Duke of Gloucester should stand to his answer openly bicause the people bare him so good much will sent one of his Iustices called WilliaÌ Rikil an Irisheman borne ouer vnto Caleis there to inquire of the the duke of Gloucester whether he had committed any such treasons as were alledged against him and the Earles of Arundel and Warwike as after shall be specified Iustice Rikââ¦l hearing what he confessed vpon his examination wrote the same as he was coÌmaunded to doe and therwith speedily returned to the king
twelue pens and those that were valued to bee worth in goodes twentie poundes and vpwards payd also after the rate of lands y t is twelue peÌce for euery pounde The Frenchemen demauÌd of the Isle of Wight The Frenchmen aboute the same time came before the Isle of Wighte with a greate nauie and sent certaine of theyr men to the shore to demaunde in name of King Richarde and of hys wife Queene Isabell a tribute or a speciall subsedie in money of the inhabitantes of that I le who aunswered that King Richard was dead and Queene Isabell sometime his wife The answere ââ¦f the Ilande ââ¦es hadde bin sent home to hir parents and countrey without condition of any dower or tribute wherfore they aunswered reasonable that none they woulde giue but if the Frenchmen hadde desire to fighte they willed them to come on land and there shoulde bee none to resist them and after they were a lande they promised to giue them respite for sixe houres space to refreshe themselues and that tyme beeyng once expired they should not fayle to haue battell When the Frenchmen hearde of this stoute aunswere made by the Ilandmen they had no lust to approch neerer to the lande but returned without further attempt About this season the Duke of Orleaunce brother to the Frenche Kyng a man of no lesse pride than hawtinesse of courage The duke of Orleance his chalenge wrote lettres to Kyng Henry aduertising him that for the loue he bare to the noble feates of Cheualrie hee coulde imagine nothyng eyther more honorable or commendable to them both than to meete in the fielde eache parte with an honored Knyghtes and Esquiers all beeyng Gearlemenne bothe of name and armes armed at all poyntes and furnished with Spears axes swordes and daggers and there to fyghte and combate to the yeeldyng and euery person to whome God shoulde sende victorie to haue hys prisoner and hym to raunsome at hys pleasure offeryng hymselfe with hys companye to come to hys Citie of Angulesme so that the Kyng woulde come to the laundes of Burdeaux and there defende this chalenge The Kyng of Englande grauely aunswered heerevnto The answere of king Henrye that hee maruelled why the Duke vnder couloure of doyng deedes of armes for a vayne glory woulde nowe seeke to breake the peace betwixte the Realmes of Englande and Fraunce hee beeyng sworne to mayneteyne the same peace sithe hee myghte further vnderstande that no Kyng annoynted of verie duetie was bounde to aunswere any chalenge but to his peere of equall state and dignitie and further declared that when oportunitie serued hee woulde passe the Sea and come into hys Countrey of Gascoigne with suche companie as hee thoughte conââ¦eniente and then myghte the Duke sette forwarde with hys bande for the accomplishing of hys couragious desire promising hym in the word of a Prince not thence to depart til the Duke eyther by fulfulling his owne desyre in manner aforesayde or by singular combate betweene them two onely for auoyding of more effusion of Christian bloud shoulde thynke hymselfe fully satisfyed To this and muche more conteyned in the Kynges aunswere the Duke replied and the Kyng agayne reioyned not withoute tauntes and checkes vnfitting for theyr estates The Duke of Orleaunce offended hyghly as hee myghte seeme agaynste the Kyng of Englande The duke of Orlââ¦ance besiegeth Vergi in Guyenne with an armye of sixe thousande menne entred into Guyenne and besieged the Towne of Vergy whereof was Capitaine Sir Roberte Antelfielde a right hardye and valiante Knyghte hauyng with hym onely three hundred Englishmenne whyche defended the fortresse so manfully that the Duke after hee hadde layne there three monethes and lost many of his men without honor or spoyle returned into Fraunce After this the Admirall of Britaine highly encouraged for that the last yeare he had taken certaine English Shippes laden with wines acompanyed with the Lord du Chastel a valiant Baron of Britaine and twelue hundred men of armes sayled forth with thirtie Shippes from Saint Malos and came before the Towne of Dartemouth and woulde haue landed but by the puissance of the Townesmen and ayde of the countrey they were repulsed in the whiche conflict The Lord du Chastel slaine the Lorde du Chastel and two of his breethren with foure hundred other were slayne and aboue two hundred taken prisoners and put to their raunsomes amongst whome the Lorde of Baqueuille the Marshall of Britaine was one Owen Glendouer wasted the English marches All this Sommer Owen Glendouer and his adherents robbed brent and destroyed the CouÌtreys adioyning neere to the places where hee haunted and one while by sleight and guilefull policie an other while by open force he tooke and slew many Englishmen brake downe certaine Castels which hee wanne and some he fortified and kept for his owne defence Iohn Trenor Byshop of Assaph considering with himself how things prospered vnder the haÌds of this Owen fledde to him and tooke his parte againste the King About the same tyme the Britaines and the Flemings tooke certayne Shippes of ours laden with merchandice Crueltie of the Britaines and Flemings and slewe all the Marriners or else hanged them The Countes of Oxforde Also the olde Countesse of Oxford mother to Robert Vere late Duke of Ireland that dyed at Louaine caused certain of hir seruaunts and other suche as she durst trust to publish and brute abrode K. Rich. once againe aliue through all the parties of Essex that Kyng Richarde was aliue and that hee woulde shortlye come to lighte and clayme hys former estate honor and dignitie She procured a greate number of Hartes to be made of siluer and golde suche as King Richarde was wonte to giue vnto his Knightes Esquiers friendes to weare as cognisances to the ende that in bestowing them in King Richardes name shee might the sooner allure men to further hir lewde practises and where the fame wente abroade that King Richarde was in Scotlande with a great power of Frenchmen and Scottes readie to come to recouer his Realme many gaue the more lightly credite vnto this brute thus sette forth by the said Countesse Serlo one of K. Richardes chamber The perswasions also of one Serlo that in times past was one of king Richards chamber greatly encreased this error for the same Serlo hearing in Fraunce whither he was fledde that his master King Richarde was in Scotland aliue conueyed himselfe thither to vnderstand the troth of that matter and finding there one indeede that greatly resembled him in all liniaments of body but yet was not the man himselfe as he well perceyued vppon malice that hee bare to King Henry aduertised by letters sente vnto diuers of King Richards friendes that hee was aliue indeede and shortly woulde come to shew himselfe openly to the world when he had once made his way ready to recouer his Kingdome to the confusion of his enimies and comfort of his friends These forged
that faction promising more as was sayd thaÌ lay well in his power to performe The K. shortly after sent Ambassadors to them doth as the Bishop of Durham and Norwich with others Moreouer at this Parliament Iohn the kings brother was created Duke of Bedford and his brother Humfry Duke of Glocester Also Thomas Beauforte Marques Dorset was created Duke of Exeter ãâ¦ã Imediately after the King sent ouer into France his Vncle the Duke of Exeeter the Lorde Grey Admirall of England the Archebishop of Dublin and the Bishop of Norwiche Ambassadoures to the Frenche K. with fiue hundred horse which were lodged in the teÌple house in Paris keping such triumphaÌt cheere in their lodging and suche a solemne estate in their ryding through the citie that the Parisians and all the Frenchmen had no small meruaile at that honorable porte and lordely behauior The French king receyued them very honorably and banketted them right sumptuously shewing to them iustes and martiall pastymes by the space of three dayes together in the which Iustes the king himselfe to shewe his courage and actiuitie to the Englishmen manfully brake speares and lustily tourneyed When the triumphe was ended the Englishe ambassadours hauing a tyme appoynted them to declare theyr message and beyng admitted to the Frenche kinges presence requyred of hym to delyuer vnto the Kyng of Englande the realme and Crown of France wyth the entier Duchyes of Aquitayne Normandy and Aniou wyth the countreys of Poictieu and Mayne Manie other requestes they made and thys offered withall that if the French Kyng woulde without warre and effusion of Christian bloud render to the King their master his verye right lawfull inheritance that he woulde be content to take in mariage y e Lady Katherine daughter to the Frenche King and to endow hirwith all the Duthies and Countries before rehersed And of he would not so doe then the King of England did expresse and signifie to hym that with the aide of God and helpe of his people he woulde ââ¦couer his right and inheritaÌce wrongfully withholden from him with mortall warre and dint of sword The Frenchmen being not a little abashed at these demaundes thought not to make any absolute aunswere in so weightie a cause till they hadde further breathed and therefore prayed the English Ambassadors to saye to the King theyr maister that they now hauing no oportunitie to conclude in so high a matter would shortly send Ambassadors into Englande which should certifie and declare to the King theyr whole minde purpose and intent The Englishe Ambassadors returned with this aunswere making relation of euery thyng that was said or done King Henry after the returne of his Ambassadors determined fully to make war in FraÌce conceyuing a good and perfect hope to haue fortunate successe sith victorie for the moste parte followeth where right leadeth beeing aduanced forwarde by iustice and set forth by equitie And bycause manye Frenchmen were promoted to Ecclesiastical dignities as some to benefices and some to Abbeys and Priories within the realme and sente dayly innumerable summes of money into Fraunce for the reliefe of their naturall couÌtreymen and kinsfolke he therefore in fauour of the publike wealth of his Realme and subiects in a counsel called at London about Michaelmas Tho. VVals It is not like that in this Counsell vvriters meane the Parliament that vvas adioââ¦ned from Leycester to VVestminster vvhere it began in the octaues of Saint Martin in that seconde yeare 1415. caused to be ordeined that no stranger hereafter should be promoted to anye spirituall dignitie or degree within this realme without his especiall licence and royall coÌsent and all they that shuld be admitted shoulde find sufficient suretie not to disclose the secretes of this Realme to anye forraigne person nor to minister ayde or succour to any of theÌ with money or by any other meant This was confirmed in a conuocation called the same time by the new Archeb of Caunterburie Moreouer such as were to goe vnto the generall counsell holden at Constance The Coââ¦d of Constance were named and appointed to make theÌ ready for the K. hauing knowledge froÌ the Emperor Sigismonde of the assembling of that counsell thought it not conuenient to sitte still as an hearer and no partaker in so high a cause which touched the whole state of the Christian common wealthe as then troubled by reason of the schisme that yet continued wherefore hee sente thither Rycharde ãâ¦ã Diuers other thinges were concluded at that presente for the Kyng had caused not onely the Lordes of the spiritualtie Engnorrans but also of the temporaltie to assemble here at London the same time to treate specially of his iourney that he purposed to make shortly into Fraunce and herevpon meanes was made for the gatheryng of money whiche was graunted with so good a wil both of the spiritualtie and temporaltie that there was leuied the sum of three hundred thousand marks English and herewith order was giuen to gather a great host of men thorough all his dominions And for the more increasing of his nauie he sent into Holland Zeland and Frizelande to conducte and hyre shippes for the transportyng and countying ouer his men and mââ¦ntions of warre Great preparation for the ââ¦chvvirres and finally prouided for armour victuals money artillerie cariage boates to passe ouer riuers couered with leather tentes and all other things requisite for so high an enteprise The Frenchemen hauing knowledge heereof the Dolphyn who had the gouernaunce of the realme bicause his father was fallen into his old disease of fransye sent for the Dukes of Berrye and Alaunson and all the other lords of the couÌsel of Fraunce by whose aduice it was determined that they shoulde not only prepare a sufficient armye to resist the king of England when so euer hee arriued to inuade Fraunce but also to stuffe and furnishe the townes on the Frontiers and sea coastes with conueniente garnisons of men and further to send to the king of EnglaÌd a solemne embassade to make to him some offers according to the demaundes before rehersed The charge of this ambassade was committed to the Earle of Vandosme to maister William Bouratyer Archbishop of Bourges and to maister Peter Fremell Bishoppe of Lyseux to the Lords of Yvry and Braquemonte and to maister Gaultier Cole the kings Secretarie and diuers other An. reg 3. Ambassadours ãâã of France These Ambassadors accompanied with .350 horsses passed the sea at Caleys and landed at Douer before whose arriuall the King was departed from Windsor to Winchester enteÌding to haue gone to Hampton there to haue surueyd his nauie but hearing of the Ambassadors approchyng he taryed stil at Winchester where y e said Frenche lordes shewed themselues very honorably before the King and his nobilitie The Archebishop of Bourges displeased that hys purpose tooke not effecte desiring licence and pardon of the kyng to speake and obteyning it A proude presumptuous prelare verye rashly
and vnreuerently sayde Thinkest thou to put downe and wrongfully to destroye the moste christian king our most redoubted soueraigne Lorde and most excellent Prince of all Christendome in bloud and preeminence Oh king sauing thyne honour thinkest thou that he hath offered to thee landes goods and other possessions with his own daughter for feare of thee or thy English nation thy friendes wel willers or fauourers No no. But of a trouth he moued with pitie as a louer of peace to the intente that innocent bloud should not be spilt and that Christian people should not be afflicted with batayle hathe made to thee these offers puttyng his whole affyaunce in God most pââ¦ssaunte accordyng to ryght and reason trustyng in his quarrell to bee ayded and supported by hys beneuolente subiectes and fauourable well wyllers And sith wee bee hys subiectes and seruantes wee requyre thee to cause vs safely and surely withoute damage to bee conducted out of thâ⦠realme and dominions and that thou wilt write thyne aunswere wholly as thou haste giuen it vnder thy Seale and signe manuâ⦠The Kyng of England being nothing at al moued wyth the presumptuous wordes of the vnââ¦rtured bishop soberly answered him in this maner The modest vvise ansvvere of the king to the Bishope of Bourges My Lord I ââ¦e esteeme your frenche bragges and lesse set by your power strength I knowe perfectly my right to your region and except you will denie the apparant truthe to doe you And if you neither doe nor will knowe it yet God and the worlde knoweth it The power of your maister you see dayly but my puissance yf haue not yet tasted if your maister haue louing subiectes I am I thanke God not vnprouided of the ââ¦aure but this I say vnto you that before one yere passe I trust to make the highest crowne of your country to stoupe the prondest myter to kneele downe and say this to the vsuââ¦yer your maister that I within three monethes will enter into Fraunce not as into his land but as into myne owne true and lawful patrimonie ââ¦ding to conquer it not with bragging wordes flatteryng orations or coloured perswasions but with puissaunce of menne and dente of ââ¦worde by the ayde of God in whome is my whole trust and confidence And as concerning myne answere to be written subscribed and sealed I assure you I would not speake that sentence the which I wold not write and subscribe nor subscribe that lyne to the which I would refuse to put my seale Therfore your safeconduct shall be to you deliuered with myne answer and then you maye departe surely and safely I warrant you into your countrey where I trust sooner to visite you than you shal haue cause to salute or bid me welcome With this answere the Ambassadors sore displeased in their mynds although they were highly entertained and liberally rewarded departed into theyr countreye reporting to the Dolphyn how they had spedde in all thinges After the French Ambassadors wer departed the King lyke a prouident Prince thought good to take order for the resisting of the Scottes if according to their olde manner they should attempt any thing against his subiectes in hys absence and therfore appoynted the Erle of Westmerlande the Lord Scrope the baron of Greystocke sir Roberte Vmfreuile and dyuers other hardy personages and valyant Capitaines to kepe the frontiers and marches of Scotlande which sir Robert Vmfreuille on the day of Mary Magdalen fought with y e Scots at the town of Gedering Harding A greate ouerthrovve giuen to the Scots by Sir Roberte Vmfrevile ââ¦360 hauing in his company only .iij. C. archers and .vij. score men of armes or speares wher he after long conflict and doubtful battaile flew of his enimes .lx. and odde tooke CCClx. prisoners and discomfited put to flighte .j. M. and mo whome he folowed in chase aboue .xij. myles and so laded with prayes and prisoners reculed againe not vnhurt to the castel of Rocksborough of the whiche at that time he ãâã ââ¦taur When the King had al his prouâ⦠ãâ¦ã dye and ordered all things for the deââ¦ce of ãâã realme ãâ¦ã he leauing behynde him for ãâ¦ã the realme the Quene his mother ãâ¦ã ââ¦ted to the towne of Southampton ãâ¦ã there to take shippe and so to passe the seas ãâã Fraunce And firste he thoughte to aduerâ⦠ãâã French king of his coÌming and therefore ãâã ââ¦ched Antelope his purseuant at armes ãâã ââ¦ters to the French K. requiring him ãâ¦ã ââ¦titution of that which he wrongfully ãâã contrary to the lawes of God man declaryng how sory he was that he should be thus compelled for recouerie of his fighte iust ãâ¦ã ââ¦ritance to make warre to the deââ¦iuction of ãâã ââ¦stian people but sith he had offered ãâ¦ã could not be receiued now for fault of ãâ¦ã might as he thought lawfully returne ãâ¦ã Neuerthelesse he exhorted the Frenche K. ãâã the bowels of Iesu Christe to render vnto him that whiche was his owne whereby the estution of christian bloud might be auoided These letters conteyning many other wordes though ãâã this effect purpose were dated froÌ Hampton the v. of August When the same letters wer preââ¦ted to the French king by his counsel wel peââ¦vsed answere was made that he would take aduice and prouide therin as in tyme place ãâã be thought conuenient and so the messengââ¦ââ¦as licenced to depart at his pleasure When K. Henry had his nauie once rigged and decked and that his men and all prouisions were redie perceiuing that his captains misââ¦yââ¦ed nothing somuch as delaying of time determined with al diligence to cause his souldiors to goe ââ¦boord the ships and so to depart But see the hapâ⦠the night before the daye appointed for their departure he was credibly enformed that Richard Erle of Cambridge brother to Edward duke of York and Henry Lord Scrope of Mashâ⦠L. Tresorer with Tho. Gray a knight of Northââ¦berlaÌd being confederated togither The Earle of Cambridge and other Lordes apprehended for treasoâ⦠Tho. VValâ⦠had coÌpassed his death and final destruction wherfore he ââ¦sed them to be apprehended The sayde Lorde Scrope was in suche fauour with the king that he admitted him sometime to be his bedfelow in whose fidelitie and constant stedfastnesse hee reposed suche trust that when any priuate or publike counsell was in hande he hadde the determination of it For he pretended so great grauitie in hys countenance suche passing modestie in his behauiour and so perfect vprightnesse and vertuous zeale to all godlinesse in his iuste y t whatsoeuer he sayd was in euery respect thought necessarye to bee doone and followed Titâ⦠Lâ⦠Also the sayde Syr Thomas Grey as some write ãâã of the Kinges priuie counsell to that in wâ⦠daunger the king stoode it is easy to coniecture fith those that were in such authoritie so neere about hym sought his destruction Oââ¦sed ââ¦hiââ¦st of ââ¦ny These prisoners vpon their examination
greate a siege This answere beyng brought to the Captaynes within the Towne they rendred it vp to the king of England after that the thyrde day was expired Harââ¦e yelded and sacked whiche was on the day of Sainct Maurice beeyng the seuen and thirtie daye after the siege was firste layde The souldiours were ransomed and the towne sacke to the great gayne of the Englishemen This doââ¦e the kyng of Englande ordeyned Capitayne of the towne of Hââ¦lewe his Vncle the Duke of Excester whyche established hys Lieutenant there one Syr Iohn Fastolfe with fiftene hundred men or as some haue two thousande and .xxxvj. knights wherof the Baron of Carew and sir Hugh Lutterell were two counsellours And bycause many of his nobles whylest this siege lay before Harflewe fell sicke of the Flixe and other diseases and diuers were dead amongest whome the Earle of Stafforde the Bishop of Norwiche the Lordes Molyns and Burnell were foure besyde others the king licenced his brother the duke of Clarence Iohn Erle Marshall and Iohn Erle of Arundel being infected with that disease to returne into England King Henry after the winuyng of Harflewe determined to haue proceeded further in the conquest and winning of other townes and for tresses but bicause the dead tyme of the winter approched it was determyned by the prudent aduise of his counsell that he shoulde in all conuenient speede sette forewarde and march through the countrey towardes Caleys by land least his returne as then homewardes should of slaunderous toungs be named a running away and yet that iourney was adiudged perillous by reason that the number of his people was muche mynished by the flixe and other feuers Greate deathe in the hoste by the flixe whiche sore vexed and brought to deathe aboue .xv. hundred persons of the armie and this was the cause that his retourne was the sooner appoynted and concluded But before hys departyng hee entred into the Towne of Harflewe and wente on to the Churche of Saincte Martines and there offered All the menne of warre whiche hadde not payde their raunsomes hee sware them on the holy Euangelistes to yeld themselues Prisoners at Caleys by the feaste of Saincte Martine in Nouember nexte There were two strong Towers standyng on the Hauen syde whyche lookyng for ayde did not yelde till tenne dayes after the Towne was rendred When the K. had repaired the walles bulwarks and rampiers about the towne furnished it with victuall and artillerie he remoued from Harflewe towarde Ponthoyse ãâ¦ã to passe the riuer of Some with his armie ãâã the bridges were eyther withdrawne or brâ⦠Suche victuals and other necessaries as wâ⦠to be caryed foorth with the armie he appointed to bee layde on horses leauing the Cartes and wagons behynde for the lesse encombre The Frenche King hearing that the Towne of Harflew was gotten and that the Kyng of Englande was marching forwarde into the bowelles of the realme of Fraunce sent out proclamations and assembled people on euerye syde committing the whole charge of his armie to his sonne the Dolphyn and the Duke of Aquitayn who incontinently caused the bridges to be broken and the passages to be kepte Also he caused all the corne victuals to be coÌueyed away or destroyed in all places Come and victualleâ⦠destroyed vvhere the english hoâ⦠shoulde pasâ⦠where it was coniectured that the Englishmen would repayre to the intente that they might be kepte in some strayte or corner of the countrey withoute victuals or comforte so that they should be constrayned to dye or yelde thorough famyne or to be fought withall so muche to their disaduauntage that the victorie mighte be prepared for the Frenche ere they came to hazarde themselues in battayle The king of EnglaÌd nothing dismayed with with all these incoÌmodities lyke to chaunce vnto hym at one time Titus Lââ¦i ãâã kepte his iourney in despite of his enimies constreyning them within diuers townes and holds to furnish hym with victuals Askiâ⦠vvâ⦠the garison of Eâ⦠but yet as he passed by the towne of Ewe the garnison of the town issued foorth and gaue the Englishemen a skirmish although in the end the Frenchmen were beaten into the Towne with losse namely of a ryght valiant man of armes Enguerant named Lancelot Pier. Ther were many english men hurt with quarrells shot off from the loupes and walles as they pursued the enimyes vnto the gates At length y e king aproched the riuer of Some where finding all the bridges broken Blanchetaâ⦠he came to the passage of Blanchetaque where hys greate graundfather king Edwarde the thirde passed a little before the battail of Cressy Titus Liââ¦iâ⦠but the passage was now so impeached with stakes set in the botom of the foorde so defended that he could not passe there wythout great daunger consideryng the multitude of hys enimyes that were bothe beehinde and before and on eche de of hym the Countreye in all partes swarming wyth embushements of men of warre He therfore marched forwards to Arannes so ordering his army and placing his carriage that he appeared so terrible to his enemies as they durst not once offer him battaile and yet the Lorde Dalbreth Constable of Fraunce the Marshall Bouchequauler the erle of Vendosme great Master of FrauÌce the Duke of Alanson and the Earle of Richemont with all the puissaunce of the Dolphyn lay at Abuile and durst not so muche as touch his battailes but euer kept the passages coasted aloof like a hauke that lyketh not hir pray The king of Englande still kepte on his iorney till hee came to the bridge of Sainct Maxence where hee found aboue .xxx. M. frenchemenne and there pitched his fielde looking surely to be fought withall Diuers capitaines knights Wherefore to encourage his capitaines the more he dubbed certaine of hys hardy and valiant gentlemen knights as Iohn Lorde Ferrers of Groby Reignold of Greystock Piers Tempest Christofer Morisby Thomas Pickering William Huddleston Iohn Hosbalton Henry Mortimer Phillip Hall and Willyam hys brother Iaques de Ormonde and dyuers other But when hee sawe that the Frenche made no semblaunce to fight he departed in good order of battaile by the towne of Amiens to another towne neare to a castell called Bowes and there laye twoo dayes looking for battaile euery houre From thence he came neare to Corby where hee was stayed that night by reason that the common people and pesantes of the countrey assembled in great numbers and the men of armes of the garison of Corby skirmished wyth his army in the morning and were discomfited and the pesantes driuen euen harde to their gates The same day the king founde a shallowe fourd between Corby King Henry paââ¦th the riââ¦er of Some vvaâ⦠his hoste and Peronne which neuer was espied before at whiche he wyth his armie and carriages the night ensuing passed the water of Some without let or daunger and therewyth determined to make haste towardes Callais
and not to seeke for battaile excepte hee were thereto constrayned bycause that hys army by sickenes was sore diminished in so muche that he had but onely twoo thousande horsemen and thirteene thousande archers bill men and of all sortes of other footemen The Englishe ââ¦ay fore afââ¦ded The Englishemen were brought into great misery in this iorney their victuall was in maner spent and nowe coulde they get none for their enemies had destroied all the corne before they came Reste coulde they none take for their enemies were euer at hande to giue them alarmes dayly it rained and nyghtely freesed of fewell there was great scarsitie but of fluxes greate plenty money they hadde inoughe but wares to bestowe it vppon for their reliefe or comforte hadde they little or none And yet in this greate necessitye the poore people of the countrey were not spoiled nor any thyng taken of them wythout payment neyther was any ââ¦utrage or offence done by the Englishemenne of warre except one whiche was that a folish souldiour ââ¦le a piââ¦e out of a churche for which cause he was apprehended An example of Iustieâ⦠Titus Liââ¦iuâ⦠and the king would not once remoue till the box was restored and the offender strangled The people of the countreys there aboute Note the force of Iustice hearyng of sucheÌ zeale in hym to the mayntainaunce of Iustice ministred to hys army bothe victuals and other necessaries althoughe by open proclamation so to do they were prohibited Hall The Frenche King being at Roan The french K. coÌsulteth hovv to deale vvith the englishââ¦eÌ and hearing that ãâã Henry was passed the riuer of Some was muche displeased therwith and assembling his couÌsell to the number of .xxxv. asked their aduice what was to be done There was amongst these fiue thirtie his sonne the Dolphin callyng hymselfe King of Sicill the Dukes of Berry and Britaine the Earle of Pontiew the Kinges youngest sonne and other highe estates At lengthe .xxx. of them agreed that the Englishemenne shoulde not departe vnfought withall and fiue were of a contrary opinion but the the greater number ruled the matter The french K. sendeth defiaunce to kyng Henry And so Montioy Kyng at armes was sent to the king of England to defie him as the enemie of France and to tell him that hee shoulde shortely haue battaile Kyng Henry soberly aunswered thus Sir King Henryes aunsvvere to the deââ¦aunce mine intent is to doe as it pleaseth God for surely I will not seeke your master at this time but if he or his seeke me I will willingly fight with them And if any of your nation attempte once to stoppe me in my iorney now towards Callais at their ieoperdy be it and yet my desire iâ⦠that none of you bee so vnaduised as to bee the occasion that I in my defence shall colour and make red your rawny ground with the effusion of christian bloud When hee had thus aunswered the Herauld hee gaue hym a greate rewarde and licenced hym to departe Vpon retourne of the Herrault wyth this aunswere it was incontinently proclaimed that all men of warre shoulde resorte to the Constable to fight with the King of England and his puissance Wherevppon all men accustomed to beare armour and desirous to winne honour throughe the Realme of Fraunce drewe towarde the field The Dolphin sore desired to haue bin at the battaile but hee was prohibited by his father likewise Phillip Earle of Charolois woulde gladly haue bene there if his father the duke of Burgoigne would haue suffred hym many of his meÌ stale away and went to the frenchmen Titus Liuius The king of England bearing that the frenchmen approched and that there was an other riuer for him to passe with his army by a bridge and doubting leaste if the same bridge shoulde be broken it woulde be greately to his hinderaunce appoynted certayne capitaynes wyth their bandes to go thyther wyth all speede before hym and to take possession thereof and so to keepe it tyll hys commyng thither Those that were sent findyng the frenchemen busy to break down their bridge assailed them so vigorously that they discomfited them and tooke and flew them and so the bridge was preserued tyll the king came and passed the riuer by the same with his whole army This was on y e .xxij. day of October The duke of Yorke at led the vaÌtgarde after the army was passed the Riuer mounted vp to the heigth of an hill wyth his people and sente out skowtes to discouer the countrey the which vpon their returne aduertised hym that a wonderfull greate army of Frenchmen was at hand approching towards them The duke declared to the Kyng what he had heard and the Kyng therevppon without all feare or trouble of minde caused the bataile which he led himselfe to stay King Henry rideth forthe to take the vievve of the Frenche army and incontinently rode forth to view his aduersaryes and that done returned to hys people and with cherefull countenaunce caused them to bee put in order of battayle assignyng to euery capitayne suche roomth and place as he thought conuenient and so kepte theÌ still in that order till night was come then determined to seeke a place to encampe lodge his army in for that night There was not one amongst them that knewe any certayne place whither to goe in that vnknowen countrey but by chaunce they happened vppon a beaten way white in sighte by the which they were broughte vnto a little village where they were refreshed with meate drinke somewhat more plenteously then they had bin diuers dayes before Order was taken by commaundement from the Kyng after the army was firste set in battayle array that no noise or clamor shoulde be made in the hoste so that in marching forthe to this village euery man kepte hymselfe quyet but at theyr commyng into the village fiers were made to giue light on euery side as there likewise were in the frenche hoste whiche was lodged not paste .ij. C. fiftie paces dystaunte from the Englishemen The chiefe leaders of the french hoste were these The constable of Fraunce the Marshall the Admirall the lord Rambures master of the crosbowes and other of the frenche nobilitie which came and pitched downe their standerts and banners in the countye of Sainct Paule within the Territorie of Agincourt hauing in their army as some write The number of the frenchemen Enguââ¦rant to the number of .lx. thousande horsemen besides footemen wagoners and other They were lodged euen in the way by the whiche the englishmen must ãâã passe towardes Callais and all that night after their comming thither made greate cheare and were very mery pleasant full of gâ⦠The Englishmen also for their partes were of good comfort and nothing abashed of the matter and yet they were both hungry weary sore trauailed and vexed with many cold diseases Howbeit they made peace wyth God in confessing
subtill dealing wyth hym and theyr malapecte presumption in that they shoulde seeme to goe aboute to teache him what belonged to the dutie of a Conquerour and therefore since it appeared that the same was vnknowne vnto them hee declared that the Goddesse of battayle called Bellona had three Handmaydens euer of necessitie attending vpon hir as bloud fyre and famyne And whereas it laye in hys choyce to vse them all three yea two or one of them at his pleasure hee hadde yet appoynted onely the meekest Mayde of those three Damoselles to punishe them of that Citye tyll they were brought to reason And where as the gayne of a Captaine atteyned by any of the sayde three Handââ¦ydens was both glorious honourable and worthie of tryumphe yet of all the three the yongest Mayde whiche hee meant to vse at that tyme was moste profytable and commodious And as for the poore people lying in the Dyrches if they dyed through famyne the faulte was theyrs that lyke cruell Tyraunis hadde put them oute of the Towne to the intente hee shoulde slea them and yet had hee saued theyr lyues so that if any lacke of charitie was it rested in them and not in hym but to theyr ââ¦ked request hee ment not to gratifie them whâ⦠so much but they should keepe them still to ââ¦e to spende theyr vytayles and as to assaulte the Towne hee tolde them that hee woulde they shoulde knowe hee was both able and wylling thereto as he shoulde see occasion but the ââ¦e was in hys hande to tame them eyther wyth bloude fyre or famine or with them all whereof he woulde take the choyse at his pleasure ãâã not at theyrs This aunswere put the French Ambassadors in a great study musing much at hys ââ¦llent witte and hautinesse of courage and after they had dyued as his commaundement was they should with his officers they vpon consultation had togither required once againe to haue accesse to his royall presence which being graunted they humbling themselues on their knees besought him to take a truce for eight dayes A ââ¦ce for eight dayes during the whiche they mighte by theyr commissions take some ende and good conclusion with him and his Counsaile The King like a mercifull Prince graunted to them their asking with whiche answer they ioyfully returned After their departure were appoynted and set vp three tentes the one for the Lordes of Englande the seconde for the Commissioners of the Citie and the thirde for both parties to assemble in and to treate of the matter The Commissioners for the Englishe parte were the Earles of Warwicke and Salisburie the Lorde Fitz Hugh sir Walter Hungerford sir Gilbert Vmfreuille sir Iohn Robsert and Iohn de Vasques de Almada And for the French part were appoynted Sir Guy de Butteler and sixe other Comissioners appoynted These Commissioners met euery day arguing and reasoning aboute a conclusion but nothing was done the spare of eight dayes nor so much as one article concluded wherefore the Englishe men tooke downe the Tentes and the Frenchmen tooke theyr leaue but at their departing they remembring themselues required the Englishe Lordes for the loue of God that the truce might endure till the Sunne rysing the next day to the which the Lordes assented When the French Commissioners were returned into the Citie without any conclusion of agreement the poore people ran about the streetes trying and calling the captaines and gouernors murtherers manquellers saying that for their pride and stiffe stomackes all this miserye was happened threatning to flea them if they woulde not agree to the King of Englande hys demaunde The Magistrates herewyth amased called all the townesmen togither to knowe theyr myndes and opinions The whole voyce of the CoÌmons was to yeelde rather than to sterue Then the Frenchmen in the Euening came to the Tent of sir Iohn Robsert requyring him of gentlenesse to moue the king that the truce might be prolonged for foure dayes The king therevnto agreed and appoynted the Archbishop of Canterburie the other seuen before named for his part and the Citizens appoynted a like number for them So the Tents were again set vp and dayly they met togither The articles coÌcerning the yelââ¦ng vp of ââ¦are and on the fourth daye they accorded on this wise that the Citie and Castell of Roane should be delyuered vnto the king of England at what time after the middest of the .xix. day of that present moneth of Ianuarie the sayde King willed the same and that all the Captaines and othermen whatsoeuer dwelling or beeing within the sayd Citie and Castell should subant them in all things to the grace of the sayd king and further that they should pay to the sayde king three hundred thousande Sentes of Golde when of alwayes two should be woorth an English Noble or in the stead of ââ¦rie Stuâ⦠.xxv. great blankes white or .xv. grotes Moreouer it was accorded that euerie souldier and straunger bââ¦g in the sayde Citie and Cashl shoulde sweare on the Euangelistes before their departure not to ââ¦re atmoâ⦠agaynst the king of Englande before the first day of Ianuarie next to coââ¦e Also they wichâ⦠the towne should suffer al the poore people lying to ãâã or about the ditches of the Citie which for peâ⦠were chased oute to enter the Citie againe and to ãâã them sufficient for ââ¦til the sayd ââ¦tenth day of Ianuarie There were taketh other Articles in all to the number of .xxij. agreed aswell on the behalfe of the Citizens as of king Henrie who graunted that all the Souldiers straungers and other within the said Citie and Castel at that time being not willing to become his sieges shuld depart after that the Citie and Castel was once yeelded freely without let leauing so the said king al their armors horses harnesse and goodes except the Normans which if they shoulde refuse to become ââ¦ages to hâ⦠were appoynted to remayne as his prisoners Luca. Italico The Vicare general of the Archbi of Rouen for denouÌcing the king acursed was deliuered to him and deteyned in pryson til he dyed Titus Liuius One Alane BlaÌchart was like wise deliuered to him and by his commaundement put to death Translator of Titus Liuius King Henrieâ⦠entry into Roane togither with one Luca Italico and certaine other When the day of appoyntment came which was the day of S. Wiolstan sir Gay de Butteler the Burgesses deliuered the keyes of the City Castel vnto the king of England beseeching him of fauor and compassion The king incontinently appoynted the Duke of Exceter with a great companie to take possession of the Citie who like a valiant Captaine mounted on a goodly courâ⦠first entred into the Citie and after into the Castell The next day being Fryday the king in great tryumph like a conquerour accompanied wyth foure Dukes tâ⦠Erles .viij. Bishops xvj Barons and a great mulâ⦠of knightes esquiers and men of warre entred into Roan where hee was
Charles and to represse all causes of grudge and disdaine Herewith intending to build vpon this fraile foundation he sent letters and Ambassadours to the king of England Ambassadors ãâã on either de aduertising him that if he woulde personally come to a communication to bee had betweene him and Charles the Frenche king hee doubted not but by hys onelye meanes peace should bee brought in place and blondie battaile clearely exiled Titus Liuius King Henrie giuing courteous eare to these Ambassadors sent with them the Earle of Warwicke as his Ambassador accompanied with two hundred gentlemen to talke with the duke as theÌ remaining in the French Court at the towne of Prouins The Erle was assayled by the way as he iorneyed by a great number of rebellious persons gotten into armor of purpose to haue spoyled him of such money and things as he and his companie had about them But by the high valiancie of the English people with the ayde of theyr Bowes the Frenchmenne were dyscomfyted and chased The Earle at hys commyng to Prouins was honourably receyued and hauing done the effect of his Message returned and wyth him the Earle of Saint Paule and the sonne and heyre of the Duke of Bourbon were sent as Ambassadours from the French King to conclude vpon the time and place of the meeting with al the circumstances wherevpon the king of England agreed to come vnto the towne of Mante wyth condition that the duke of Burgoigne and other for the French king shuld come to Pontoyse that either part might meet others in a coÌuenient place betwixt those two townes neare vnto Meulan According to this appoyntment King Henrie came to Mante wherein the feast of Pentecost he kept a liberall house to all commers and sate himselfe in great estate Vpon the which day eyther for good seruice alreadie by them done or for the good expectation of things to come Creation of Earles hee created Gascon de Fois otherwyse called the Captau or Captall de Buef a valiaunt Gascoigne Earle of Longueuile and Sir Iohn Grey Erle of Tankeruile and the Lorde Bourshier Earle of Eu. After this solenme feast ended the place of the enteruiew and meeting was appoynted to be beside Meulan on the riuer of Seyne where in a fayre place euery parte was by commissioners appoynted to theyr ground When the daye of appoyntment approched whiche was the laste day of Maye the King of England accompanied with the Dukes of Clarence and Gloucester his brethren the Duke of Exceter his Vncle Eyther part was appointed to bring with them not paste ii M.v. C. men of war as Tit. Liu. hath and Henrie Beauford Clerke his other vncle which after was Bishop of Winchester and Cardinall with the Erles of Marche Salisburie and others to the number of a thousand men of warre entred into his ground which was barred about and ported wherein his tentes were pight in a princely maner Likewyse for the Frenche part A treatie of peace came Isabell the Frenche Queene bycause hir husbande was fallen into hys olde frantike disease hauing in hir companie the Duke of Burgoigne and the Earle of Saint Paule and shee had attending vppon hir the fayre Ladie Katherine hir daughter wyth .xxvj. Ladies and Damoselles and had also for hir furniture a thousand men of of warre The sayde Ladie Katherine was brought by the Queene hir mother onelye to the intent that the King of Englande beholding hir excellent beautie shoulde bee so enflamed and rapt in hir loue that hee to obteyne hir to his wife shoulde the sooner agree to a gentle peace and louing concorde But though many wordes were spent in this treatie Seuen times the last being on the last day of Iune Tit. Liuius and that they mette at eight seuerall tymes yet no effect ensued nor any conclusion was taken by thys friendly consultation so that both partyes after a Princely fashion tooke leaue eche of other and departed the Englishe menne to Mant and the Frenche men to Pontoyse Some Authours write that the Dolphyn to staye that no agreement shoulde passe Chro. of Flan. sent Sir Taneguye de Chastell to the Duke of Burgoin declaring that if hee woulde breake of the treatie with the Englishe men he woulde then common with him and take such order that not only they but the whole Realme of Fraunce should thereof be glad and reioyce Howsoeuer it came to passe Titus Liuius truth it is that where it was agreed that they shoulde eftsoones haue met in the same place on the thirde of Iuly The King according to that appoyntment came but there was none for the French part neither Queene nor Duke that once appeared so that it was manifest ynough how the fault rested not in the Englishmen but in the French men by reason whereof no conclusion forted to effect of all this communication saue onely that a certaine sparke of burning loue was kindled in the kings heart by the sight of the Lady Katherine The king without doubt was highly displeased in his minde that this communication came to no better passe Wherefore he mistrusting that the Duke of Burgoigne was the verie let and stoppe of his desires sayde vnto hym before his departure Cousin we will haue your kings daughter and all things that we demaunde with hir or we will driue your king and you out of his realme Well sayd the Duke of Burgoigne before you driue the king and me out of his realme you shall be well wearied and thereof wee doubt little Shortly after the Duke of Burgoigne and the Dolphin mette in the plaine fieldes besydes Melun and there comming togither concluded apparantly an open peace and amytie which was proclaimed in Paris Amiens and Pontoys This agreement was made the vj. of Iuly in the yeare 1419. An egreement betweene the Duke of Burgoine and the Dolphyne It was engrossed by Notaries signed with their handes and sealed with their great seales of armes but as the sequel shewed hart thought not what tongue spake nor mind ment not that hand wrote Titus Liuius Whiles these things were a doing diuers of the Frenchmen in Roan wente about a conspiracy against the Englishmen whereof the King beeing aduertised sent thyther certayne of his nobles A coÌspiracy in Roane which tryed out these consperators caused them to be apprehended had theÌ in examination and such as they found guiltye were put to death and so setting the Citie in quietnesse returned to the king The king of Englande perceyuing by this newe alliance that nothing was lesse to be looked for than peace at the handes of the Frenchmen deuised still howe to conquere townes and Fortresses which were kept agaynst him and nowe that the truce was expired on the .xxx. day of Iuly These bendeâ⦠belonged to the Earle of LoÌgueville to the Lord de Lespar Gascoignes hist dez Duââ¦z de Norman The K playeââ¦h the Porters part he being as then within
of the kings high way let drawe the chaine of the stoupes there and set vp pipes and hurdles in manner and forme of Bulwarkes and set men in Chambers Cellers and Windows with bowes and arrowes and other wepons to the intent to bring to finall destruction my saide Lorde of Gloucesters person aswell as of those that then shoulde come wyth hym 4 Item my said Lord of Gloucester saith and affirmeth that our soueraigne Lorde hys brother that was king Henry the fift tolde him on a time when our soueraigne Lorde being prince was lodged in the pallace of Westminster in the greate chamber by the noise of a spaniell there was on a night a man spied and taken behinde a tapet of the sayde Chamber the whyche man was delyuered to the Earle of Arundell to bee examined vppon the cause of his being there at that time the which so examined at that time confessed that hee was there by the stirring vp and precuring of my saide Lorde of Winchester ordeined to haue slaine the saide Prince there in his bedde Wherefore the saide Earle of Arundell let sacke him forthwith and drowned him in the Thames 5 Item our soueraigne Lorde that was Kyng Henry the fift saide vnto my sayd Lord of Gloucester that his father Kyng Henry the fourth liuing and visited then greately wyth sicknesse of the hand of God my saide Lord of Winchester saide vnto the king Henry the fift then being prince that the king his father so visited with sicknesse was not personable and therefore not disposed to come in conuersation and gouernance of the people and for so much counsailed him to take the gouernance crown of this lande vpon hym The aunswere of the Bishop HEre ensue the aunswers to the accusations made by my Lorde of Winchester Chauncellour of Englande vnto the causes and matters of heauinesse declared in the Articles against him by my Lorde of Gloucester 1 Fyrst as of the refuse made vnto my lord of Gloucester of opening the Tower to him of his lodging therein by the commaundement of my saide lorde of Winchester he aunswereth that in the presence of my saide Lord of Gloucester before his comming out of his country of Heinault for causes suche as were thought resonable it seemeth lawfull that the Tower shoulde haue bin notably stored and kepte with victuall howbeit it was not forthwith executed and that in likewise after that my said lord of Gloucester was gone into his said countrey of Heinault for seditious and odious villes and languages caste vsed in the citie of London sounding of insurrection and rebellion againste the kings peace and destruction aswell of diuers estates of this lande as strangers being vnder the defence in so muche that in doubt thereof straungers in greate number fledde the lande And for the more sure keping of the said Tower Richarde Wooduile esquier so trusted with our soueraigne lord the king that deade is as well ye knowe and also chamberlaine and counsellor vnto my Lorde of Bedforde wyth a certaine number of defensible persons assigned vnto hym was made deputie there by the assent of the kings counsell being that time at London for to abide therein for the safegarde thereof and straightlie chardged by the saide counsell that during that tyme of his sayde chardge he shoulde not suffer any man to be in the Tower stronger than hymselfe without speciall charge or commaundement of the king by the aduise of his counsell 2 Item that after soone vppon the comming of my laid Lord of Gloucester into this lande from his countrey of Heinault the saide lords of the kings counsell were informed that my said Lorde of Gloucester grudged with the saide manner of enforcing the Tower and let say to them of London that hee had well vnderstande that they had bin heauily threatned for the time of his absence and otherwise than they should haue bin if he had bin in this land Wherfore hee was right euill contented and especially of the said forcing of the Tower set vpon them in manner of a chast villayne consideryng the good equitie and truthe that they had alwayes kepte vnto the king offering them therevpon remedy if they woulde 3 Item that after this Richard Scot lieuetenaunt of the Tower by the commaundement of my saide Lorde of Gloucester broughte vnto him Frier Randolphe the whiche he had long before confessed treason done by hym againste the Kings person that deade is for the whiche knowledge he was put to bee kept in the sayde Tower and straightly commaunded vnder greate paine giuen vnto the said Scot to kepe him straightly and surely and not to lette him out of the saide Tower wythout commaundement of the Kyng by the aduise of his counsell The whiche Frier Randolphe my saide Lord of Gloucester kept then with himself not witting to the saide Scot as he declared vnto my sayde Lorde of Winchester soone after that he had broughte the saide Frier Randolph vnto my Lorde of Gloucester saying vnto my Lorde of Winchester that he was vndone but hee helped hym and expressed as for cause of the withhoulding of Frier Randolphe And saying moreouer that when hee desired of my saide Lorde of Gloucester Fryer Randolph the deliueraunce of the saide Frier Randolphe to leade him againe vnto the Tower or sufficient warrant for hys dischardge my saide Lorde of Gloucester aunswered him that his commauÌdement was sufficient warrant and discharge for hym In the whiche thing abouesaid it was thought to my lord of Winchester that my said lord of Gloucester tooke vpon hym further than his auctoritie stretched vnto and caused him to doubt and dreade leaste that he would haue proceeded further And at suche time as the saide Wooduile came vnto hym to aske his aduise counsell of lodging my said L. of Gloucester in y e Tower he aduised and charged him that before he suffred my saide lord of Gloucester or any person lodge therein stronger than himselfe he shoulde puruey him a sufficieÌt warrant therof of the K. by the aduise of his counsell 4 Item as to the said article of the foresaide causes of heauinesse my said lord chauncellour answereth that hee neuer purposed to set hande on the kings persoÌ nor to remoue him or that he shoulde be remoued or put in any manner of gouernauÌce but by the aduise of the kings couÌsell For hee coulde not perceyue any manner of goodnes or of aduaÌtage y e might haue growne to him therof but rather great perill charge and herof my saide lord of Winchester is ready to make proofe in time and place conuenieÌt 5 Item as to the .iij. article of the foresaid causes and heauines my saide lorde Chauncelor answereth y t he was ofte diuers times warned by diuers credible persoÌs aswell at the time of the kings last parliameÌt holdeÌ at Westminster as before sith y t my said L. of Gloucester purposed him bodily harm was warned ther of and counselled by the said persons
lay aside all rancor malice displeasure so that in concluding a godly peace they might receyue profit and quietnesse here in this worlde and of God an euerlasting rewarde in heauen After this admonition thus to them giuen after diuerse dayes of communication euery part brought in their demaunds which were most coÌtrarie and farre from any likelyhood of comming to a good conclusion The Englishmen required that K. Charles should haue nothing but what it pleased the king of England that not as dutie but as a benefite by him of his mere liberalitie giuen and distributed The Frenchmen on the other part woulde that king Charles shoulde haue the Kingdome frankly and freely and that the king of England shoulde leaue the name armes and tytle of the King of Fraunce and to bee contente with the Dukedomes of Aquitaine and Normandie and to forsake Paris and all the townes whiche they possessed in France betwene the ryuers of Some and Loyr being no percel of the Duchie of Normandie To bee briefe the pride of the one part and the ambition of the other hindered concorde peace and quietnesse The Cardinals seeing them so farre in sunder mynded not to dispute theyr tytles but offred them reasonable conditions of truce and peace for a season which notwithstanding either of frowardnesse or of disdeyne vpon both partes were openly refused Insomuch that the Englishmen in great displeasure departed to Calays and so into England One Writer affyrmeth that they being warned of a secrete conspiracie moued agaynst them sodainly departed froÌ Arras and so returned into their Countrey Whiles this treatie of peace was in hande the Lorde Talbot the Lorde Willoughbie the Lorde Scales with the Lorde Lisle Adam and fiue thousande men of warre besieged the towne of Saint Denys with a strong hand The Erle of Dunoys hearing thereof accompanied wyth the Lorde Lohac and the Lorde Bueill wyth a great companie of horsemen hasted thitherwards to rayse the siege and by the waye encountred with sir Thomas Kiriell and Mathew Gough ryding also towarde Saint Denys betweene whom was a great conflict and many slaine on both partes but sodainly came to the ayde of the FrenchmeÌ the garnison of Pont Meulan which caused the Englishmen to returne withoute any greate harme or domage sauing that Mathewe Gough by foundering of his horse was taken and caryed to Pont Meulan Saint Denise taken by the Englishemen In the meane time was the towne of Saint Denise rendred to the Englishmen the which razed the walles fortifications sauing the walles of the Abbey and of the tower called Venin Shortly after the towne of Pontoyse where sir Iohn Ruppelley was captaine rebelled and by force the Englishe menne were expulsed the Inhabitantes yeelding themselues to the French King This towne was small but the losse was greate bycause it was the Key that opened the passage betwixt the Cities of Paris and Roan But nowe to returne to the communication at Arras which after the departure of the English Commissioners held betwixt the Frenchmen and Burgonians till at length a peace was concluded accorded and sworne betwixt K Charles and Duke Philippe of Burgoine vpon certaine coÌditions as in the French hystories more plainly appeareth The superscription of this letter was thus To the high and mightie prince Henrie by the grace of God King of Englande his welbeloued cousin Neither naming him king of Fraunce nor his soueraigne Lorde according as euer before that time he was accustomed to do This Letter was much marueyled at of the Counsayle after they had throughly considered and pondered all and singular the contentes therof and as reason moued them they could not but be muche disquieted therewith so farre forth that dyuerse of them stomaked so muche the vntruth of the Duke that they coulde not temper theyr passions nor brydle their tongues but openly called him traytor But when the rumor of the Dukes reuolting was published amoÌgst the people they left words and fell to bestowing of strypes for being pricked with this euill tidings they ranne in great outrage vppon all the Flemings Hollanders and Burgonions which theÌ inhabited within y e Citie of London and the Suburbes of the same and slue and hurt a great nuÌber of them before they by the kings proclamation coulde be stayed from such iniurious doing for the king nothing more mynded than to saue innocent bloud and to defend them that had not offended The officer at armes was willed to tell hys maister that it stoode not with his honor to bee enimye to the Englishe Nation and that his dutie was all things considered to keepe hys auncient truth and olde allegiance rather than to bee the occasion of newe warre And further it was not the point of a wise man to leaue the certaine for the vncertaine and trust vpon the vnstedfast holde of a newe reconciled enimie When the Messenger with thys aunswere was dispatched and sent awaye the King of Englande and his Counsayle purposed to worke the Duke of Burgoigne some displeasure and therevpon by rewardes corrupted certaine rulers of Cityes and Townes within his Dominions to moue some rebellion agaynst hym which indeede sore troubled the Dukes wittes and a great while disquieted his minde by their disobedyent conspiracie An. reg 14. The death of the Duke of Bedford Regent of France This yeare the .xiiij. day of September dyed Iohn Duke of Bedforde Regent of Fraunce a man as politike in peace as hardie in warre and yet no more hardie than mercifull when hee had the victorie whose bodie was with all funerall pompe and solemne Exequies buryed in the Cathedral Church of our Lady in Rouen on the North syde of the highe Aulter vnder a sumptuous and costlye monument whiche Tombe when King Lewis the eleuenth by certayne vndiscreete persones was counsayled to deface affyrming that it was a greate dyshonour both to the King and to the Realme to see the enimye of hys father and theyrs to haue so solemne and riche memoriall A worthy saying of a wise Prince He aunswered saying what honour shall it bee to vs or to you to breake this monument and to pull out of the grounde the deade bones of him whome in hys lyfe tyme neyther my father nor your progenitours wyth all theyr power puissaunce and friendes were once able to make flee one foote backewarde but by hys strength wytte and policie kept them all oute of the principall Dominions of the Realme of Fraunce and out of thys Noble and famous Duchie of Normandie Wherefore I say fyrst God haue his soule and let hys bodie nowe lye in rest whiche when hee was alyue woulde haue disquieted the prowdest of vs all and as for the Tombe I assure you is not so decent nor conuenient as his honour and actes deserued although it were much rycher and more beautifull The frost was so extreme thys yeare begynning about y e .xxv. daye of Nouember Great frost and continuing tyll the tenth of
ââ¦ockââ¦r de ââ¦acââ¦e made ãâã of Calays was so much pleased therwith that incontinently he made him chiefe captaine of the towne of Calays by his letters patents which he sent to him out of hand and therof discharged the Erle as a traytor and a rebell The Duke of Burgoigne vnto whom King Edward had written that in no wise he shoulde receyue the Earle of Warwike nor any of hys friendes within hys Countreyes was so well pleased with y e doings of Monseur de Vawclere that he sent to him his seruaunt Philip de Commynes and gaue to him yearely a thousande Crownes in pencion praying and requiring him to continue in truth and fidelitie towarde King Edwarde as he had shewed and begonne But though Monseur de Vawclere sware in the sayd Philippes presence truly to take king Edwards part The double dealing of Monseur Vaââ¦e yet hee sente priuily to the Earle of Warwike lying at Wytsandbay that if he landed he shoulde be taken and lost for all Englande as he sayde tooke part agaynst him the Duke of Burgoigne The Lord Duras was a Gasââ¦so and al the inhabitants of the towne with the Lord Duras the kings marshal and all the minne of the garnison were his enimies The Erle hauing this aduertisement from his feyned enimie with his nauie sayled towardes Normandie and by the way spoyled and tooke many shippes of the Duke of Burgoignes subiects and at the last with all his nauie and spoile hee tooke land at Dieppe in Normandie The erle of Henrie landed at Dieppe where the gouernour of the Countrey friendly welcomed hym and aduertised King Lewes of hys arriuall The French king desirous of nothing more than to haue occasion to pleasure the Earle of Warwike of whom the high renowme caused al meÌ to haue him in admiration sent vnto him requiring both him and his sonne in lawe the duke of Clarence ãâã to come vnto his Castel of Amboys where be then soiourned The Duke of Burgoigne hearing that the Duke and Earle were thus receyued in France sent a post with letters to the king Lewes partly by way of request and partly by way of menacing to disswade him from ayding of his aduersaries the said duke and erle But the French K. little regarded this sute of the duke of Burgoigne and therefore answered that he might woulde succour his friends and yet breake no league with him at all In the meane time king Edwarde made inquirie for such as were knowne to bee ayders of the Erle of Warwike within his realme of whoÌ some he apprehended as guiltie and some doubting themselues fledde to Sanctuarie and other trusting to the kings pardon Iohn Marques Montacute submitted themselues as Iohn Marques Montacute whome hee courteously receyued When Queen Margaret that soiourned with duke Reigner hir father heard tell that the Earle of Warwik was come to the French court with all diligence came to Amboys to see him with hir onely sonne prince Edward And with hir came Iasper Earle of Pembroke The erles of Pembrok and Oxford and Iohn Earle of Oxford which after diuerse imprisonments lately escaped fled out of England into France and came by fortune to this assemble These persones after intreatie had of their affayres determined by meane of the French king to conclude a league and amitie betweene them A league And first to begin withall for the sure foundation of their newe treatie Edward Prince of wales maried Edward prince of Wales wedded Anne seconde doughter to the Earle of Warwike which Ladie came with hir mother into Fraunce After which mariage the Duke the Erles tooke a solemne othe that they shoulde neuer leaue the warre till eyther king Henrie the sixt or hys sonne Prince Edwarde were restored to the Crowne and that the Queene and the Prince shoulde depute and appoynt the Duke and the Erle to be gouernours and conseruators of the common wealth til time the prince were come to estate Many other conditions were agreed as both reason and the weightinesse of so great a businesse required Whilest these things were thus a doing in the Frenche Court there landed a Damsell belonging to the Duchesse of Clarence as she said which made Monseur de Vawclere beleeue that she was sent from king Edward to the Duke of Clarence the Erle of Warwike with a plaine ouerture and declaration of peace Of the which tydings Vawclere was very glad for the Erles sake but this damosell comming to the duke perswaded him so much to leaue off the pursute of his conceyued displeasure towardes his brother king Edward The promise of the Duke of Clarence that he promised at his returne into England not to be so extreme enimie against his brother as he was taken for and this promise afterward he did keepe With this answere the Damosell returned into England the Erle of Warwike thereof being clearely ignorant The French King lent both Shippes men and money vnto Queene Margaret and to hir partakers and appoynted the Basterd of Bourbon Admyrall of Fraunce with a great nauie to defende them agaynst the nauie of the Duke of Burgoigne whiche hee layde at the mouth of of y e riuer Saine readie to encounter them being of greater force than both the Frenche nauy and the English Fleet and yet king Reigner did also helpe his daughter with men and munitions of warre When their ships and men were come togither to Harflue the Erle of Warwike thought not to linger time bycause he was certified by letters from his friends out of England that assone as he had taken lande there would be readie many thousandes to do him what seruice and pleasure they coulde or might And beside this diuerse noble men wrote that they would helpe him with men armour money and all things necessarie for the warre and further to aduenture their owne bodies in his quarel The loue which the people bare to the erle of Warwike Surely his presence was so muche desired of all the people that almost all men were readie in armour loking for his arriuall for they iudged that the very Sunne was taken from the worlde when he was absent When hee had receyued suche letters of comfort he determined with the Duke and the Erles of Oxforde and Pembroke bycause Queene Margaret and hir sonne were not fully yet furnished for the iourney to go before with part of the nauie and part of the armie When the Earle had taken lande ââ¦atioÌ he made a Proclamation in the name of King Henrie the sixt vpon high paynes commaunding and charging all men able to beare armour to prepare themselues to fight agaynst Edwarde Duke of Yorke which contrarie to ryght had vsurped the Crowne It is almost not to be beleeued howe manye thousandes of men of warre at the first things of the Earles landing resorted vnto him King Edwarde wakened with the newes of the Erles landing and the great repayre of
handes and possession The Duâ⦠after hee hadde hearde thâ⦠that were sente made thys aunswere that hee could not with his ââ¦t deliuer them to whom hee hadde gyâ⦠his ãâã to ââ¦ee them preserued from all iniurie but this hee ââ¦aide he woulde do for the King of Englande that they shoulde bee so looâ⦠vnto as he needed ââ¦ot to doubt of anye attempt to bee made againâ⦠hym by them or by theyr meanes The Kyng receyuyng this aunswere wrote ââ¦ingly to the Duke of Britaine that hee woulde consider his friendeshippe wyth conuenient rewardes if it shoulde please him to bee as good as hys promisse The Duke perceiuyng game commyng by the abode of the twoo English earles in his country caused them to be seperated in sunder and all their seruaunts being Englishmen to be sequestred froÌ them in their places appointed Britons to attend them In the thirteenthe yeare of his raigne King Edwarde called his highe courte of Parliament at his Pallaice of Westminster 1473 An. reg 13. in the whiche all lawes and ordinaunces made by hym before that day were confirmed A Parliament and those that King Henry had abrogated after his readeption of the Crowne were againe reuiued Also lawes were made for the confiscation of traytors goodes and for the restoring of them that were for his sake fled the realme whiche of his aduersaries hadde ben attaynted of high treason and condemned to dye ⪠Moreouer towards his charges of late susteyned a competent summe of money was demaunded and freely graunted A Subsidie There was also a pardon granted almost for all offences and all men then being within the Realme A pardon were released and discharged of all high treasons crimes although they had taken part with his aduersaries against him In this season the D. of Burgongne had sore warres with the French K. to be the more spedily reueÌged on his aduersarie Ambassadours from the duke of Burgongne he sent Ambassadors into Englande to perswade kyng Edward to make war also on the French Kyng for the recouerie of his auncient right in the Realme of Fraunce by the same Frenche Kyng agaynste all equitie withholden and deteyned King Edward not so much for y e louââ¦he hare to the duke of Burgongne as for desire to be reuenged on the Frenche king whome he tooke to be his enimie for ayding the Earle of Warwike Queene Margaret and hir sonne Prince Edwarde and their compliââ¦es gaue good eare to the duke of Burgongne his messengers and finally after he had taken aduice of his counsell the said Messengeres were answered that K. Edwarde in the beginning of the next yeare would land at Caleys with a puissaunt armie both to reuenge suche iniuries as hee had receiued at the Frenche kings handes Oportunitie not to bee neglected and also to recouer his right whiche he wrongfully deteyned from him In deed the tyme serued verie well for y e EnglishmeÌ to atchieue som high enterprise in FraÌce at that present for not onely the Duke of Burgongne as then made warre against the French K. but also many great men within the realm of France The Earle of Sainct Pol. mislyking the maners of their king began to haue secret intelligeÌce with the said duke and namely Lewes of Lutzenburgh earle of S. Paule Conestable of France was secretly confederate with the duke of Burgongne intendyng verily to bring the French kyng to some greate hinderance the better to haue his purpose accomplished in certain weightie matters King Edward vnderstanding all these thinges was greatly encoraged to make a iorney into France therevpon with all diligence prepared all things ready for the same and bicause he wanted money and coulde not well charge hys coÌmons with a newe subsidie for that he had receyued the last yeare great sums of money granted to him by Parliament A shift to recouer money he deuised this shift to call afore him a great number of the wealthyest sort of people of his realme and to them declaring his neede and the requisite causes therof he demaunded of euerye of them some portion of money which they sticked not to giue and therfore the K willing to shew y t this their liberalitie was very acceptable to him he called this grant of money a Beneuolence notwithstanding that many with grudge gaue great summes toward that newe found ayde which of them might bee called a Maleuolence but the K. vsed suche gentle fashions toward them with frendly prayer of their assistance in his necessitie that they coulde not other wyse doe but frankely and freelye yeelde and giue hym a reasonable and competent summe 1474 An. reg .14 When all things conuenient for suche an enterprise were in a redinesse the king came to Douer where he founde .v. C. shippes and dayes readie to transpore hym and his armie The king ãâã an army ãâã ouer into Fraunce And so the fourth day of Iuly he passed ones and laââ¦deâ⦠at Caleys with great triumph but his armie horses and munitions of warre scared passed ouer in ãâã dayes In thys Armye beeing one of the hoste appoynted that had passed oute of Englande into Fraunce in many yeares before were fifteene hundred men of armes well horses of the which the most parte were harded and riches ââ¦pped and many of them trimmed in one ââ¦te There were also .xv. M. Archers with bowes and arrows of the which a great number weâ⦠on horsbacke there were also a great companie of other fighting men and of suche as serued to sââ¦e vp Tentes and pauilions to attende the artillerye and to enclose their campe and otherwise to laboure and to bee employed in seruice In all this armye was there not one Page The King of Englande was at his arriuall highly displeased wyth the Duke of Burgongne whiche in the worde of a Prince hadde promissed to meete hym at hys landyng wyth twoo thousande men of armes and lyghte horsemenne ââ¦de a great number of Launsquenetz and Halberdices and that hee woulde haue begonne the warre three monethes before the Kings transporting whereas contrarily The siege of Nusse the duke lay lingeryng at the siege of Nusse and let passe the occasion of atchieuing a more profitable enterprise Kyng Edward incontinently dispatched the Lord Scales in poste vnto the Duke The Lorde Scales to put hym in remembraunce of his promise and to aduise him to come and ioyn wyth hym before the Sommer were spente Before King Edwarde departed from Dââ¦uer A defyaunce sent to the Frenche King hee sente an officer of armes vnto the french King wyth a defyaunce The Frenche Kyng receyuyng the King of Englandes letters at the messengers hande redde the same and after he hadde considered thereof at leasure hee called the Englishe Harrault aside and to hym declared the little truste that was to bee putte in the Duke of Burgongne and the Conestable by whose procurement hee knewe that King Edwarde was procured to
the doyng therof moued the Kyng with his dayely exclamation to take suche displeasure with hym that finally the Duke was cast into the Tower An. reg 17. George Duke of Clarence drovvned in a butte of Malmcy and therwith adiudged for a traytour and priuilye drowned in a butte of Malmesey the .xj. of Marche in the beginning of the .xvij. yeare of the kings reigne Some haue reported that the cause of thys noble mans death rose of a foolish prophesie whiche was that after king Edwarde should ââ¦gne one whose first letter of his name should be ãâã wherwith the K. and the Quene wee ãâã troubled began to conceiue a greaâ⦠ãâã against this duke and could not be ãâ¦ã had brought him to his end And as the ãâã woÌt to encoÌber the mynds of men ãâ¦ã in suche diuelish faâ⦠they said afterwardâ⦠that prophesie lost ãâã his effect Prophecies deuilâ⦠fâ⦠when after ââ¦ing Edward Gloucester vsurped his kingdom Other alledged that the cause of his death ãâã that the duke being destitute of a wife by y e meanes of his sister the lady Margarete Duâ⦠of Burgongne procured to haue the Lady ââ¦y daughter heire to hir husband ãâ¦ã Which mariage K. Edward enuying the prosperitie of his brother both again sayd and diââ¦rbed and therby olde malice reuiued victoriâ⦠whiche the Queene and hir bloud euer ââ¦trusting and priuily barking at the kyngs Haââ¦ge ceassed not to encrease But sure it is y e although king Edward were consenting to his drath yet he much did both lament his infortunate chance and repent his sodeyn execution Insomuch that when any person such to hym for the pardon of malefactors condemned to death he woulde accustomably saye and openly speake Oâ⦠fortunate brother for whose life not our wold make suite openly and apparantly meanyng by suche words that by the meanes of some of the nobilitie he was deceyued brought to his coÌfusion This duke left behynd him two yong infants begot of the body of his wife the daughter of Richard late erle of Warwike whiche children by destinie as it were or by their owne merits folowing the steps of their ancestors succeded them in like misfortune and semblable euill chaunce For Edward his heire whome K. Edward had created earle of Warwike was .xxiij. yeares after in the tyme of Henry the seuenth Edvvaâ⦠of VVaâ⦠sonne ãâã to Geoâ⦠duke of ââ¦rence attaynted of treason and on the Tower hill lost his head Margarete his sole daughter maryed to sir Richard Pole knight and by Henry the .viij. restored to the name title and possessioÌs of the earledom of Salisbury Margaââ¦ââ¦resse of ââ¦bury was at length for treason coÌmitted against the sayd Henry the .viij. atteynted in open parliameÌt sixtie two yeres after hir father had suffred death in the tower she on the greene within the same place was beheaded In whose person dyed the very surname of Plantagenet whiche from Geoffrey Plantagenet so long in the bloud royall of this realme had florished continued After y e death of this D. by reason of great heat intemperancie of aire hapned so fierce and quicke a pestilence A greate pestilence that fifteene yeares warre paste consumed not the third parte of the people that only foure moneths myserably pitifully dispatched brought to their granes 1478 An. reg 18. The counsellors of the yong Duches of Burgongne sent to King Edwarde for ayde against the French king aboute the same time had the Quene of Engl. sente to the lady Margaret duches of Burgongne for y e preferremeÌt of hir brother Anthonie erle Riuers to y e yong damsel but the counsel of Flanders coÌsidering y t he was but an Earle of meane estate she the greatest inheritrâ⦠of all Christendom at that time gaue but deafe care to so vnmeet a request To which desire if the Flemings had but giuen a lyking ââ¦dy outwarde semblance and with gentle wordes delayed the suit she had bin both succoââ¦d defended Whether K. Edw. was not contented with this refusall or y t he was loth to breake with the Frenche K. he wold in no wise consent to send an armie into FlaÌders against y e French king but yet he sent Ambassadors to hym with louing gentle letters requiring hym to growe to some resonable order and agreement with the yong Duchesse of Burgongne or at the least to take a truce with hir at his request The ambassadors of EnglaÌd wer highly receiued bountifully feasted liberally rewarded but answer to their desire had they none but that shortly after the French K. wold send Ambassadors hostages and pledges to the K. of EnglaÌd their maister for the perfecting and concludyng of all things depending betwene theÌ two so that their souetaine lorde and they should haue cause to be contented and pleased These faire words were only delayes to driue tyme till hee mighte haue space to spoyle the young Damosell of hir townes and countreys And beside thys to stay king Edwarde from taking parte with hir hee wrote to him that if he would ioyne with him in ayde he should haue and ââ¦nioye ãâã him and hys heyres the whole countie and countrey of Flanders discharged of homage superioritie and resort to be claimed by the French K. or his successors Large offers made to the K. ãâã Englande by the French K. and further he should haue the whole duchy of Brabant wherof the French king offered at his owne cost charge to conquer .iiij. the chiefest and strongest townes within the sayd Duchye and them in quiet possession to deliuer to the K. of Englande graunting further to pay to hym x. M. angels toward his charges with munitions of warre and artillerie whiche he promysed to lende him with men and cariage for the conueyance of the same The king of England refused to make any warres agaynste those countreyes that were thus offered to him but if the Frenche King would make him partener of hys coÌquests in Picardie rendring to him part of the towns alredie gotten as Bolongne Monsterel and Abuile then he wold surly take his part and ayde him with men at his owne costs charges Thus passed faire wordes and golden promises betwene thââ¦se two priâ⦠and in the meane time the yong duchesse of Burgongne was spoiled of hir townes castels and territories tyll at length for maintinance she condesceÌded to marie w t Marââ¦ian fonne to y e ââ¦ror Fredâ⦠that he might kepe the Wolfe from the folde King Edward in the ââ¦yere of his reign began more thaÌ he was before accustomed to seââ¦th the forfeiture of ãâã all lawes ãâã statutes 1479 An. reg 19. aswel of the ãâã of his noââ¦litie as of other gentlemen being ãâã of great possessions or abuââ¦de ââ¦ye furnished with goodes likewyse of merchaÌts other inferior persons by reason wherof it was of all men iudged y t he wold proue hereafter a sore and a rigorous Prince among his
Queene accoÌpanied with a sort of sage matrones and gentlewomen bycause she was but yong The common people that had followed Perkyn after that their chieftaine was fled threwe away theyr armour as people amazed and submitted theÌselues to the king humbly beseeching him of mercie which hee most gently graunted and receyued them to his fauour After this the king road to Exceter and there not onely commended the Citizens but also hartily thanked them for doing so well their duties in defending theyr citie from his enimies He also put there to execution diuerse Cornish men which were the authours and principall beginners of this new conspiracy and insurrection And whilest he remayned at Exceter he considered with himselfe that hee had done nothing if he could not get into his handes the chiefe head of this trouble and seditious businesse Wherefore he caused the Sainctuarie wherein Perkyn was enclosed to bee enuironed with two bandes of lyght horsemen to watch diligently that Perkyn shoulde not escape by any meanes forth of that place vntaken And withall attempted by fayre promises of pardon and forgiuenesse if Perkyn woulde submit himselfe to him and become hys man Perkyn perceyuing himself so shutte vp that hee coulde no way escape ãâã subâ⦠him ãâã o the ãâã of his owne free will came out of the Sanctuarie and coÌmitted himselfe to the kings pleasure When the king had thus atchieued his purpose he returned to London and appoynted certaine keepers to attend on Perkyn which should not the breadth of a nayle go from his person least he shoulde conueigh himselfe by any meanes out of the land After this the king caused enquities to bee made of all such as had ayded with men or mony the Cornish rebels so that diuerse persons aswell in Somersetshire as Deuonshire were detected of that offence whiche hee mynded for example sake shoulde taste some part of due punishments for theyr crymes according to the quantitie therof ââ¦ts for ãâ¦ã 1498 And therefore he appoynted Thomas Lorde Darcie Amys Pawlet knight Robert Sherborne Deane of Poules that was after Bishop of Chichester to be Commissioners for assessing of their fines that were founde culpable These Commissioners so besturred themselues in tossing the Coffers and substaunce of all the Inhabitants of both those shyres that there was not one person enbrewed or spotted with the filth of that abhominable crime that escaped the paine which he had deserued but to such yet as offended rather by constraynt than of malice they were gentle and fauourable so that equitye therein was verie well and iustly executed In this yeare the warre had like to haue bene renued betwixte the Realmes of Englande and Scotland by a small occasion as thus An. reg 4. Certaine yong men of the Scottes came armed before Norham Castell and beheld it wonderous circumspectly as though they would fain haue beene of counsaile to know what was done therein The keepers not perceyuing any domage attempted agaynst them for the first time determined not to moue any question to them or once to styre out But when they came againe the nexte daye and vewed it likewise the keepers of the Castell suspecting some euill meaning demaunded of them what their inteÌt was and why they vewed and aduised so the Castell The Sââ¦ftes answered them roughly with disdainfull wordes so farre forth that the Englishmen fell to and replyed with strokes and after many blowes gyuen and receyued diuerse Scots were wounded and some slaine and the residue ouermatched with multitude of the Englishmen fled as fast as their horses could cary them The Scottish king hereof aduertised was highly displeased and in all hast signified to king HeÌrie by his Heraulde Marchemount in what sort his people to the breache of the truce were vsed and bandled King Henrie being not in wil to breake with any of his neighbours excused the matter affyrming that he was not of knowledge to the misdemenor of those that had the castel in keping requyring the king of Scots not to thinke the truce broken for any thing done without his consent promising in the worde of a King to enquyre of the truth and if the offence were founde to bee begon on the partie of the keepers of the Castel he assured him that they shuld for no meed nor fauor escape due correction and punishment This answere though it was more than reasonable could not pacifie the king of Scots till the Bishop of Durham that was owner of the Castell of Norham and sore lamented that by such as hee appoynted keepers there the warre should be renued with sundrie letters written to the Scottish king at leÌgth asswaged his displeasure that he wrote courteously to the Bishoppe agayne signifying that bycause hee had many secrete things in hys mynde whiche he woulde communicate onelye with hym touching thys matter nowe in variaunce hee therefore requyred him to take the payne to come into his countrey trusting that hee shoulde thinke hys labour well bestowed The Bishop was glad and sent word hereof to the king his maister who willed him to accomplish the desire of the Scotish king whiche hee tooke to be reasonable At his comming into Scotland he was curteously receyued of the king himselfe at the Abbey of Melrose And there after the king had for a countenance complayned muche of the vniuste slaughter of his meÌ lately committed at NorhaÌ vpon the Bishops gentle answeres therevnto hee forgaue the same and after began to talke secretly without witnesses alone with the bishop And first declared what iust causes mooued him in tymes past to seeke amitie with the king of England which now he desired muche more to haue confirmed for the further maintenance increase thereof Margaret eldest daughter to king Henry the seuenth which he doubted not but shoulde sort to a fortunate conclusion if the king of Englande would vouchsafe to giue to him in matrimonie his first begotten daughter the Lady Margaret vppon whiche poynt hee purposed lately to haue sent his Ambassadors into EnglaÌd which thing he would the sooner do if he knew the Bishoppes mynde therin to be readie to further his sute The Bishop answered but fewe wordes sauing that when he were returned to the king his maister he would do the best in the matter that he could When the Bishop was returned into England and come to the king he declared to him al the communication had betweene king Iames and him from poynt to poynt in order The king liked well thereof as he to whome peace was euer a soueraigne solace and comfort In this meane time Perkin Warbecke disappoynted of all hope to escape out of the Englishe mens hands which was the onely thing that he most desired 1499 found meanes yet at length to deceyue his keepers and tooke him to his heeles Perkin Warbecke escaped from his keepers but when he came to the Sea coastes and could not passe he was in a marueylous perplexitie for euery byway
lord Admirall in chase of the Barkâ⦠of Scotlande called Ienny Piââ¦wyn which was woute to sayle with the Lyon in companie so much did he with other that he layd him a hââ¦de and though the Scots manfully defended themselues you at length y e english men entred the Barke slew many and tooke all the residue Thus were these two shippes taken and brought to Blackewall the seconde of August The Scottes that were taken prisoners wer pardoned of their liues and sent home into their Countrey The King of Scottes hearing of the death of Andrew Barton and the taking of his two shippes was wonderfully wroth and sente letters to the King requiring restiââ¦tion according to the league amitie The K. wrote to the K. of Scots againe with brotherly salutation of the robberies done by y e sayd Andrew and that it became not a Prince to lay breache of peace to his confederate for doing iustice vpon a Pirate and theefe and that all the Scots that were taken had deserued to die by iustice if hee had not extended his mercy And with this aunswere King Henry the eyght taketh the popes part against the french K. the Scottish Herrault departed About this season the Frenche K. made sharp warre against Pope Iuly wherefore the K. of England wrote to the french K. that he should leaue off to vexe the Pope in suche wise being his friend and confederate but when the French K. seemed litle to regarde that request the king sent him worde to deliuer him his lawfull inheritance both of the duchie of Normandy and Guyenne the countries of Aniou Mayne and also of his crown of France or else he woulde come with suche a power that by fine force he wold obteyne his purpose but notwithstanding those writings the French King still pursued his warres in Italye Whervpon the K. of EnglaÌd ioyning in league with Maximilian the Emperor Ferdinando king of Spain and with diuers other princes resolued by the aduise of counsel to make warre on the French king his countreyes and made preparation both by sea and land setting forth ships to the sea for safegard of his merchants 1512 This yeare the king kepte his Christmasse at Grenewich with great and plentiful cheere also with triumphant pastimes as maskings dauncings A Parliament and suche lyke The .xv. day of Ianuarie began the Parliament wher the bishop of Canterbury began his oration with this verse Iustitia pax osculatae sunt vppon whiche hee declared how iustice should be ministred peace should be nourished by what meanes Iustice was put by and peace turned into warre And therevpon he shewed how the French K. wold do no iustice in restoring to the king his righte inheritaunce wherefore for lacke of Iustice Peace of necessitie must be turned into warre In this Parliament was graunted two fifteenes of the temporaltie of the Cleargie two dismes After that it was concluded by the whole body of the realme in the high court of Parliament assembled that warre shuld be made on the French K. his dominioÌs whervpon was wonderful spede made in preparing all thinges necessarie bothe for Sea and lande The K. of Aragon also hauyng of that tyme warre with the Frenche king wrote to his son in law king Henry that if he wold send ouer an armie into Bisââ¦ay and so to inuade FraÌce on that side for y e recouerie first of his durhie of Guyââ¦e he would ayde them with ordinaunce horsemen beastes cariages with other necessaries appertaining to the same The king and his counsell putting their affiance in this promise of â⦠Ferdinando prepared a noble armie all of footemen and small artillerie appoyntyng the noble Lord Thomas Greye Marquâ⦠Dorset to bee chiefe conductour of the same The kyng dayly studying to set forth his war which he had begon against the French K. caused Sir Edmund Haward his Admirall An. reg 4. wyth diligence to make readie diuers goodly tall ships as the Souerain other to the number of xvlij beside other smaller vessels and therwith hauing in his companie sir Weston Browne Griffyth Doune Edwarde Cobham Thomas Windham Thomas Lucy William Perton Henry Shirchourne Stephen Bull George Wââ¦itwange Iohn Hopton William GunstoÌ Thomas Draper Edmonde Cooke Iohn Burder and diuers other he tooke the Sea and scowring the same about the middes of May he came before Portesmouth About the very selfe time the Lord Marques Dorset and other noble men apointed for the iorney of Biskey as the Lorde Hawarde son and heire to the Earle of Surrey the Lorde Brooke the Lord Willoughby the lord Ferrers the lord Iohn the lord Anthony and the lorde Leonarde Grey all three brethren to the Marques Syr Griffeth ap Rise Syr Morris Barkely sir William Sandes the Baron of Burforde sir Richarde Cornewall brother to the said Baron William Husey Iohn MeltoÌ William Kingston esquiers sir Henry Willoughby and diuers other with Souldiors to the number of .x. M. amongst the which were fiue C. Almaynes clad all in white vnder the leading of one Guiot a Gentleman of Flaunders came to Southampton and there ââ¦red their bandes whyche were appoynted and trimmed in the best maner The sixtenth daye of May they were al bestowed aboued in Spanish shippes furnished with victual other necessaries for that iourney The winde serued ãâã well for their purpose y e they came all in safety on the coaste of Bisky at the Port of Passagâ⦠Southwest of Fonteraby and so the third day of Iune they landed tooke the fielde embattailing themselues for their safegarde righte strongly Within three days after that the army was thus a land there came to the Marques an erle and an other noble man to welcome him and his companie Then the Lord captain remoued his field and took an other place nerer to Fonterabye where he lay a long tyme looking euery day to haue ayde of horsemen and artillerie of the King of Arragon but none came Syr Iohn Style caused to bee boughte two hundred Mulettes and Asses of suche price as the Spanyardes gained greately and when they were put to cary and drawe The englishe ââ¦pe greatly ââ¦dered for ãâã of beasts ãâã their ââ¦ce they woulde not serue the turn for they were not exercised therto before that tyme and so for want of beasts to drawe such ordinance as the Englishemen had there with theÌ they lost the doing of some greate exployte against the Frenchmen on the frontiers of Gascoygne for they mighte haue runne a great waye into that countrey being as then destitute and vnpurueyed of men and munitions One day the Frenchmen made a skrye toward the Englishe campe but the Englishmen perceyuing them passed the riuer that was betwixt them and with Arrowes chased the Frenchmen so that for haste many of theyr horsses foundered and fell ere they came to Bayonne If there had bene any horsemenne amongst the Englishmen they hadde sore endomaged their
a noueltie to bee defied of hym seeing it is six or seuen yeares that he hath warred againste mee and yet giuen me no defyaunce and sithe that by the grace of God I haue defended my selfe from hym as he hath seene and euery one else without that he hathe giuen mee any warnyng or considering the reason and iustification whereon I do rest my selfe for the whiche I thinke I haue not otherwyse deserued towards God I hope that at this time now you aduertise me of it being aduertised I shall defend myself the better in such sort that the king your maister shall do mee no hurte for since hee doth defy me I am halfe assured And touchyng that whyche you spake of the Pope none hathe bin more sorowfull than I of that which was done and it was without my knowledge or coÌmaundement and that which hathe bene done was done by vnruly people without obedience to any of my Captaines And yet I aduertise you that the Pope long since is set at libertie and yesterdaye I hadde certayne newes of it And as touchyng the sonnes of youre Maister hee knoweth that I haue them for pledges and also my Lordes his Ambassadours knowe well that the faulte hath not layne in mee that they haue not beene delyuered And as for that of the Kyng of Englande my good brother and vncle I beleeue if it hee so as you doe saye that hee is not well infourmes of ââ¦ynges passed and if hee were yet could I not saye as your writyng conteyneth I desire to sende hym my reasons for to aduertise him of all the truthe And I beleeue when he shall knowe it that hee will bee vnto me as he hathe bene I neuer denied the money whyche I borrowed of hym and I am readye to pay it as by reason and right I am bound and thanked ââ¦e God I haue enoughe to doe it Neuerthelesse if he will make warre againste mee it will bee to my greate displeasure and cannot but defend myselfe I pray to God that he gyue mee no more occasion than I thinke I haue giuen vnto him And to the reste for that your writyng is great and the paper sheweth it self to be gentle seing that they haue written what they would You shall giue mee the writing wherby more particularly I may answer in an other paper wherin shall be nothing but truth This aunswere being made by his Maiestie with his own mouth vnto Guyenne K. of armes the sayd Guyenne tooke his cote of armes that he had on his lefte arme as before is said and put it on and then Clarenceaux Kyng of armes of England sayd vnto his maiestie not by writing but by mouth as foloweth Syr the king my soueraigne Lord hath coÌmaunded me to saye vnto you that seyng the necessitie of peace in the Christian religion as wel by reason of the enforcement many yeeres past begonne by the great Turke enimie vnto our fayth whiche by force of armes hath taken away from the Christians the citie and I le of the Rhodes one of the principall bulwarkes of Christendom and in Hungarie the fortresse of Belgrade part of the couÌtrey there as also by heresies and newe sectes of late risen in diuers places of Christendome And likewise knowing the greate warres being kindeled in al parts by meanes of which al christendome is in trouble coÌfusion and maruellous deuision and not long since by your people and ministers and souldiers in your armie and vnder your captains the holie citie of Rome hath bin sacked and robbed the person of our holy father y e Pope taken prisoner kept by your people The Cardinals likewise takeÌ put to ransom y e churches robbed Bishops priests people of religion put to the sworde and so many other euils cruelties inhumain facts coÌmitted by your people that the ayre the land are infected therwith And it is very like y t God is greatly stirred and prouoked vnto ire to speak after the maner of men if by amendment it be not pacified innumerable euils inconueniences shall happen vnto al Christendom And for that the roote encreacement of the said warres proceedeth of the coÌtentions debates betwene you the most christened K. his good brother perpetuall allie to make an end of which debates the K. my soueraine lord hath sent his ambassadors others vnto the most christened K. his good brother with whom hee hath done so much that for the loue that he hath borne him he hath made vnto you so great offers and so resonable that you can not nor ought not reasonably to refuse theÌ as conditions offers for his raunsome exceeding the raunsom accustomed of all kings And if in this the consideration of peace had not bin an euil exaÌple might therof growe for other kings christened princes subiecte vnto the like fortune Of whiche offers and conditions he hath lykewise aduertised you by his Embassadors prayed and besought you for the honor of God and the welth of all christendome for the benefits pleasures that he hath done vnto you diuers wayes and that in tyme of your great neede that it would please you to accept the sayde offers and make an ende of the sayd warres that haue too long endured Lykewyse as a Christened Prince bounde to the protection of the Pope and Sea Apostolike and consequentely to the deliuerance of his holynesse which you can not nor ought to kepe prisoner without great offence that you woulde restore his holynesse vnto a full and entier libertie Also hee hath oftentymes shewed by diuers obligations and other meanes howe you are indebted vnto him in diuers great summes of money that he hath giuen and lent you in your necessitie requiring you to make payment of all whiche thinges you haue made no accompte from tyme to tyme but deferred it and helde in suspence the embassadours of the king my soueraine without hauing regard to gods honor and the necessitie of all christendome and the reuerence that you ought to haue vnto the holy seate and person of our holy father the Pope the vicare of God on earthe or vnto the pleasures that you haue receyued of hym or vnto your faithe and promise that you so ofteÌtimes haue made And for this cause the King my saide soueraigne by honest reason and iustice constrayned by great and ripe deliberation of his counsell hopyng for a finall conclusion hathe caused agayne to bee presented offers more larger and to greater aduauntage than the others before to put you in deuoir and to auoyde and take away all occasion to deferre and dissimule to come to reason whych offers and the augmentyng of the same haue bene made and made agayne with all remonstrances and honest reasons that hathe bin possible and in the end there haihe bin made vnto you instance for the deliuerie of our said holy father whose holynesse you haue restrayned or caused to be restrayned in place of deliuerye whyche is
backe into their trenches and kepte them waking all that nighte Captayne ââ¦anders hurt The same tyme Captayne Sanders was hurt with a shotte in the legge wherof he shortly after dyed other losse at that time the Englishmen receyued not The fifth of Iuly a ProclamatioÌ was made for Soldyers to resorte in time of alarmes vnto that part and quarter which was assigned to their Captaynes and not to absente themselues from their ensignes whether it were at alarmes watch warde or any other seruice The sixth of Iuly Ordinance planted about three of the clocke in the morning the enimies planted three Cannons and three culuerings discharging that morning to the number of fourescore and tenne shottes but perceiuing they did little hurt they stayed their shooting sauing that now and then they shot into the Bulwarke and ouer it into y e Towne they also leuelled a peece and shot it off towards the new galley slewe therin two men the hurt three or four other The same daye a Cannon and a culuering were sent forth of the Towne to the new forte The .xij. of Iuly about four of the clocke in the morning the French layd batterie to y e Bulwarke of S. Addressez continuing the same all that day They also dismounted the same daye The ordinaÌce in the steeple dismounted the ordinance in the steeple of Newhauen and beate downe the great Bell cleane defacing the Steeple They discharged that day agaynst the Towne as was gathered by due estimatioÌ the number of twelue hundred Cannon shotte The same euening William Robinson killed William Bromfield hurt was William Robinson Esquier water Bailife of the Towne of Newhauen slayne with a shotte William Bromfielde maister of the ordinance hurte wyth the same and being conueyd ouer into England he shortly after dyed of that hurt The fourtenth of Iuly A new supply of Wilshire and Gloucestershire men Sir Hugh Paulet Knighte landed at Newhauen bringing wyth him eyght hundred souldiers out of Wiltshire Gloucestershire The same day came y e French men downe to the number of three M. eueÌ hard to the gates of the Town beating the Englishmen out of their trenches but yet in the ende they were forced to retire and of Englishmen there were not past twentie slayne and aboute an hundred hurte but the Frenchmenne as was esteemed lost aboue four hundred Horsemenne and footemenne albeit they tooke from the Englishmen at that presente a culueryng whiche was sette forthe to anoy them but theyr force at that time was suche as they preuayled and so retired with that peece though they wel payde for it The same day also in the after noone y e little Galeasse called the Fox went out of the Hauen fraught with fiftie men to flanke alongst the shore and to beate the Frenchmen wyth hir shotte The Galeasse brent but as shee was shooting off at them a linnestocke fell into a barrell of powder and set it on fyre togither with the vessel so that she suddaynely sanke and all that were aboorde in hir were lost sauing fifteene that saued themselues by swimming The Connestable of Fraunce commeth to the siege The one and twentith of Iuly the Connestable of Fraunce accompanyed with the Marshals Montmorancy and Burdillon and many other Lords and knightes of the order came to the Abbey of Grauille where the Marshall Brissac was lodged who hadde the generall charge in the army before the comming of the sayd Connestable They dyned togither there in the sayd Brissacks lodging and after dynner they sate in counsell togither how to proceede in the siege Friday the three and twentith of Iuly the Connestable came into the trench that was cast ouer against the Bulwarke of Saint Addresse The Connestable sommoneth the Towne alongst by the sea side and sent his Trumpet to sommone the Towne Sir Hugh Paulet The Lord Lieutenant appoynted sir Hugh Paulet to goe forthe and make the aunswer in his name which was in effect that y e Queenes Maiestie of Englande had appoynted hym and others to keepe that Towne and therefore they meante not to deliuer it to anye other person withoute hir graces especiall commaundemente In the meane time there were diuers of the Englishe Captaynes and Gentlemen whyche accompanyed the sayde Sir Hugh offered the wine whiche they had brought out of the towne with them in flagons of siluer and gilte vnto suche Captaynes and Gentlemen as accompanied the trumpet by commaundemente of the Connestable to suruey the state of the trenches and Palisade as the French writers themselues confesse Captayne Monnes Captayne Leighton Amongst other there was Captaine Monines LieutenaÌt of one of the ensignes Coloneils of Monsieur Dandelot with whome Captaine Leighton beeing of acquaintance hadde some talke The Englishmen and Frenchmen were no sooner departed they to their trenches and the Englishmen into the Towne but that the enimies hauing planted that morning eyght cannons in batterie against the Castell and y e Bulwarke of the hauen caused the same to be shotte off continuing the same till Wednesday noone The Castell battered being the eyght and twentith of Iuly There were sixe other Canons also planted by them in y e meane space which likewise made batterie to the Castell and to the Townegate In this meane tyme also Cutbert Vaughan departeth this life His worthy prayse Cutbert Vaughan Comptroller departed out of this life a skilfull man of warre and no lesse circumspect than hardy both to preserue those which he had vnder his conduction and to encourage them to doe manfully when tyme thereto serued Saterday the foure and twentith of Iuly the batterie still continuing as before certayne peeces were bent also to beate a trauerse the hauen The Englishmen therefore setting fyre in two winde Milles that stoode there abandoned a trench which they kept and the Palisade Captayne Poyet Lieutenante of an other of the ensignes Colonels of the Frenche footemenne vnder Monsieur Dandelot entred with his band and tooke possession of a Tower that stoode at the ende of the saide Palisad The French yet had hote abiding there notwithstanding all the diligence and policie whiche they coulde vse to lodge there in safetie Richelieu maister of the Camp hurt Among other Captayn Richelieu maister of the Campe was hurte in the shoulder with an harquebuse shotte The Marshall Montmorency caused a platforme to be reysed ioyning to the Pallisade where about euening the same day hee planted foure peeces of artillerie On Sonday the fiue and twentith of Iuly Monsieur de Estree Monsieur de Estree great maister of the artillerie accompanyed with the Seneshall of Agenoys vsed all diligence that mighte be to place the artillerie for batterie Monsieur de Caillac wherevnto also Monsieur de Caillac applyed himselfe by the Connestables commaundement who had compouÌded a matter in variance betwixt him Monsieur de Estree Thys Sonday and Monday following they were very busie to bring
vntill hys embarquemente homewardes In the mayne Countreys he was accompanyed with the gouernoures and Nobles of the places aboute And in the good Townes where hee passed hee was presented by the chiefe Magistrates wherein theyr good wylles were to bee thankefully accepted though hys Lordshippes rewardes farre ouer valued theyr presents At his approche neere to Paris hee was encountred on the way for courtesie sake ⪠by two Marquesses of Trans and Saluââ¦es this beeing of the house of Sauoy and the other of the worthy family of Foix. These wanted not suche as accompanyed them and the ââme ãâã of the best sorte At the L. Ambassadors first audience which was at the Castell of Madrill otherwise called Boloigne neere Paris where the King then lay the Queenes Almayn Coches very brauely furnished were sente to Paris for him in one of the whiche his Lordship with the Marques of Trans rode towardes the Courte very narrowly escaping from a shrewde turne and great mischance by reason the same Coche was ouerthroweÌ by the Dutch Wagoners their negligence who in a brauery gallopping the fielde made an ouer short turne wherewith the Marques was sore bruised The Lord Ambassador at his arriuall at the place was right honorably receyued hee was banquetted by dyuers and that very sumptuously whiche by him was not left vnrequited to the vttermost and rather with the better for his liberalitie among the Frenche was verye large but hys rewarde at the Kyngs hands was only a chayne waying a thousand french Crownes At that present there was a great dearth and scarcitie of vittailes in Fraunce The riuer of Sayne that runneth through Paris was not passable with vessels by reason of the greate frostes and thereby not onely all kinde of vittayles but also hey and woodde hard to come by and not to be hadde but at excessiue prises the Countrey thereaboutes hauing before bin sore harried and spoyled by the ciuill tumultes by reason whereof not only the Lord of Buckhurst for the space hee remayned there but also Sir Henrye Norrice nowe Lorde Norrice and maister Frauncis Walsingham hir Maiesties Ambassadors ligiers successiuely were driuen to an increase in expenses paying for euerye thing they boughte an hygher price than ordinarily hadde beene accustomed After that the Lord Buckhurst had bin feasted and banquetted by the Kyng and other of the Frenche nobilitie and had accomplished the poyntes of hys Ambassage hee tooke leaue of the Kyng and departed homewardes arriuing heere in Englande a little before Easter The seconde of Aprill Parliament a Parliament began at Westminster wherein was graunted to the Queenes Maiestie towarde hir great charges Stow. in repressing the late Rebellion in the North and pursuing the sayde Rebelles and theyr fautors whiche were fledde into Scotlande by the Cleargy a subsidie of sixe shillings in the pouÌd and by the Temporaltie two fifteenes with a subsedie of two Shillings and eyght pence in the pounde Doctor Story executed The fyrst of Iune Iohn Story a Doctor of the Canon lawe who before hadde bin condemned of hygh Treason was drawen from the Tower of London to Tiborne and there hanged bowelled and quartered his head was sette on London bridge and his quarters on the gates of the Citie The .xviij. of Iune in Trinitie terme A combat appoynted at Tuthil there was a combat appointed to haue bin foughte for a certaine manour and dââ¦maine lands beloÌging therevnto in the Isle of Hartye adioining to the Isle of Shepey in Kent Simon Lowe and Iohn Kime were plaintifes had brought a writ of righte againste Thomas Paramore who offered to defend his right by battail whervpon the plaintifes aforesayde accepted to aunswer his challenge offering lykewise to defende their right to the same mannor and landes and to proue by battail that Paramore had no right nor good title to haue the same mannor lands Herevpon y e sayd Thomas Paramour brought before the Iudges of the commoÌ pleas at Westminster one George Thorne a bigge broade strong set fellowe and the playntifes broughte Henry Nayler master of defence and seruaunt to the right honorable the Erle of Leycester a proper slender man and not so taule as y e other Thorne cast downe a gauntlet whych Nayler tooke vp Vpon the Sunday before the battaile should be tryed on the next morrow the matter was stayed and the parties agreed that Paramour being in possession should haue the lande and was bound in fiue hundred pounde to consider the plaintifes as vpon bearing the matter the Iudges should awarde The quarel of combat stayed The Queenes Maiesty was the taker vp of y e matter in this wise It was thought good that for Paramores assuraunce the order should be kept touching the combate and that the plaintifes Lowe Kime shoulde make defaulte of appearaunce but that yet suche as were sureties for Nayler theyr Champions appearaunce should bryng him in and likewise those that wer sureties for Thorne shoulde bring in the same Thorne in discharge of theyr band and that the Courte shoulde sitte in Tuthill fieldes where was prepared one plot of ground one and twenty yards square double rayled for the combate withoute the West square a stage beeyng set vp for the Iudges representing the Court of the common pleas All the compasse without the listes was sette with scaffoldes one aboue another for people to stand and beholde There were behinde the square where the Iudges sate two tentes the one for Naylor the other for Thorne Thorne was there in the morning tymely Nayler aboute seauen of the clocke came through London appareled in a dublet and galeygascoyne breeches all of Crimosyn satyn cutte and rased a hat of blacke veluet with a red fether and bande before him drums and fifes playing the gauntlet cast downe by George Thorne was borne before y e sayd Nayler vpon a swords poynt and hys baston a staffe of an elle long made taper wise tipt with horne with his shielde of hard leather was borne after him by Askam a yeoman of y e Queenes guarde ⪠hee came into the palace at Westminster and staying not long before the Hall dore came backe into the Kinges streete and so along thorough the SaÌctuary and Tothill streete into the field where he stayed till past nine of the clocke and then sir Ierome Bowes brought him to his Tent Thorne being in the Tent with sir Henry Cheyney long before About ten of the clock the Court of commoÌ pleas remoued and came to the place prepared when the Lorde chiefe Iustice with two other hys associates were set then Lowe was called solemnely to come in or else he to lose his writ of right Then after a certayne time the sureties of Henry Nailer were called to bring in the sayde Nayler Champion for Simon Lowe shortly therevppon Sir Ierome Bowes leadyng Nayler by the hand entreth with him the lists bringing hym downe that square by which hee entred beeing on the lefte hande of the
Aluredes issue 216.106 Alured sendeth presentes to Rome by way of Deuotion 217.44 Alured sendeth presentes to the body of S. Thomas in India 217.45 Aldegate and Byshops gate assaulted by Bastard Fanconbridge page 1342. col 1. line 52. Alexander king of Scots commeth into England to Wodstock and doth homage there to Henry the third 743.17 Alwynne concubine to Kyng Cuate daughter to Alselme 262.81 Alane Ecle of Britaine created Earle of Richmonde 301.44 Alexander Byshop of Lincolne flyeth into Scotland 303.22 Alditha daughter to Earle Ormus marryed to king Aulafe 227.69 Aldredus Archbyshop of Yorke 222.48 Albion the Giant arryueth in Britaine 5.25 Alchfride sonne to Oswy 175.55 Alectus slaine and his armie discomfited by the Britaines 82.20 Aldroenus aideth the Britaines in great Britaine vpon condition 102.41 Alclud citie now decayed builded 18.15 Albion slaine by Heroulââ¦s in Cassia 16.14 Alfred wife to king Edgar departeth this life 232.52 Alfred daughter to Horgerius Duke of Cornewall a damsell of excellent beautie 232.57 Alfred married to Earle Ethelwold 232.83 Alfred marryed to king Edgar after the death of Ethelwold 232.94 Aldgitha Queene sent away from London to Chester 291.35 Aldred Archbyshop of Yorke submitteth himselfe to king William 291.56 Almaricus a Deacon betrayeth Canterburie to the Danes 246.7 Alda sister to Vter Pendragon marryed to Conran kyng of Scots 132.17 Alexander the .3 king of Scots doth homage to the king of England 825. lin 54. b. Albion not so called of Albina 8.70 Alnewicke castle 324.64 AllowaÌce for the king of Scots alwayes at his comming vnto the Englishe court 518.39 Almaine Campe a fort yelded to the Frenchmen 1696.10 Alphouse Duke of Calabre chosen knight of the garter 1440.30 Alexander Byshop of Lincolne Nephew or sonne to Roger Byshop of Salisburie committed to prison 371.65 Albericke made gouernour of Northumberland 312.47 Alstane Bishop of Shââ¦reburue a wariour 203.55 Aluredes kingdome bounded 214.110 Alswaldes sonnes myserably slayne 201.34 Alsled daughter to Offa married to K. Ethelhet 201.43 Aldermen seuen dyed within .x. monethes 1837.30 Albemarle castle wonne by the Frenchmen and ruinated flat to the ground 524.47 Albert Duke of Saxon taketh Dam by sleight 1438. 10. wynneth the towne of Scluse ibidem Alfredes deede in procuring king Edwardes death in no wise excusable 237.59 Alpher eaten to death with lice 237.46 Aldemarle Wyl bastard sonne to Robert Earle of NorthuÌberland 326.43 Aldane Giles consecrated Byshop of Saint Nynian in Scotland 352.21 Albaney William Erle of Arndell dyeth 622.5 Alaine Duke of Britaine 372.10 Albanact slayne 16.72 Charles of Alanson slaine at Cressy 934.32 b. Albemarle castle burned 468.8 Albanact third sonne to Brute 16.33 Alfonse king of Castill requyreth ayde of Henry the third against his natural brother Richard king of Almaigne 747.58 he is denyed aide as an vnreasonable request 747.60 Alured sonne to king Ethelwolfus sent to Rome 207.26 Albina none of Danaus daughters names 8.69 Algar sonne to Duke Alfrike his eyes put out 240.44 Allerton castle 436.28 Alanson beseiged and yelded to Henry the fifth page 1190. col 1. line 25. Alfrike succeedeth his father Alpher in the Dukedome of Mercia and is afterwarde bannished 238.46 Alfride Earle high Admiral of a nauie against the Danes 240.11 Alfrike turneth from his owne countrey to the Danes 240.21 Alfrikes ship taken and he himselfe reconciled to king Egelredes fauour 240.38 Alswine brother to king Ecgfride slaine 182.95 Alfredes horses wyll not go to the place where king Edward lyeth 237.17 Alfred repenteth herselfe for murthering king Edward 237.23 Alpher Duke of Mercia departeth this life 238.44 Albinus the famous Clearke wrote a booke agaynst the worshipping of Images 199.55 Alnewike Castle beseiges pag. 1315. col 1. line 23. Alchfride brother in lawe to Peda. 173.29 Archdeaconries not to be set to ferme 340.60 Aldred Archbyshop of Yorke departeth this life 300.39 Albeney William captayne of Rochester Castle 592.65 Albemarle towne besieged by the Earle of Flaunders and taken 429.21 Aldermen first chosen in the citie of London 479.53 Arsacide a wicked generation of Sarastus 781.76 Alcoch Iohn Byshop of Ely foundeth Iesus Colledge 1462.51 Alban martyred for the faith of Christ 88.2 Alfred professeth her selfe a Nunne 237.31 Album monasterium 571.41 Albert de Suma sent Legate from the Pope into England 451.83 Aluergne Earledome inuaded and wasted by king Henrie the second 410.41 Albanye allotted to Albanact now called ScotlaÌd 16.44 Allegations made by the FreÌch king Phillip to the Popes Legate concerning his ayding of the barons of England against king Iohn 598 83. Aldwyne a Monke 307.103 Alswyn a Monke 307.103 Alba Siluius the eleueÌth king of Italy 17.105 Albemarle in Normandie taken by king William Rufus 321.58 Alectus sent from Rome to subdue Caransius 81.87 Alectus taketh vpoÌ him the gouernmeÌt of Britaine 81.96 Alnewike besieged by the scots but in vaine 434.1 Alnewike battaile fought by the Englishmen against the Scottes 434.69 Alerium Castle deliuered to king Henry the secoÌd 410.6 Aldayne Byshop of Durham 241.18 Alberike Byshop of Hostia the Popes Legate in England 371.26 Alice eldest daughter to Hubert Earle of Morieune affianced to Iohn youngest sonne to king Henry the second 423.58 Alla looke Ella Aldroenus king of little Britaine 102.30 Alpher Duke of Mercia taketh part for the aduauncing of Egelredus to the crowne of England 235.48 The Duke of Albanie leuieth a power 1522.3 Aldrede Abbot of Lindesserne 219.41 Ambition and Simonie in two Monkes reproued by kyng William Rufus 321.26 Ambassadours sent from the Britaine 's into little Britaine for ayde 102.28 Ambrei nowe called Salisburie 118.36 Amphitrita wyfe to Neptune God of the seas 5.20 Ambassadours pag 1125. col 2. line 30. pag. 1131. col 1. line 15. page 1135. col 2. line 41. page 1155. col 1. line 20. Ambassadors sent by king Iohn to the Pope to shewe him of the Rebellion of the nobles 591.52 They shewe theyr message to the Pope 591. 100. and receyue answere 592.14 they returne into England 592.45 Ambassadours sent againe by king Iohn to the Pope to shewe him that the barons resist his order 592.69 Ambresburie Nunrie buylded 237.30 Ammianus Marcellinus cyted 96.94 .102.74 Amphibulus where borne 27.108 Ambassadours into Fraunce for peace 1079.30 b. Ambassadors sent into France 558.6 Ambassadours sent from Rouen to king Iohn 559.9 Ambassadours sent from kyng Iohn to the Emperour 560.35 Ambassadours into Germanie for a mariage 1023.5 b. Ambassadours from Germanie for king Richardes seconde mariage 1023.10 b. Ambassadours from the good townes in Flaunders to excuse them of van Arteneldes death 927.18 a. Ambassadours to Fraunce to moue a mariage 1087.20 b. Ambassadours of England and Fraunce meete at Balingham 1083.23 a. Ambassadours from the Pope to the blacke Prince 952.24 a. Ambassadours to Callais pag. 1265. col 1. line 57. page 1269. col 1. line 45. Ambassadours from Fraunce page 1168. col 1. line 11. page 1170. col 1. line 2. into Fraunce pag. 1170. col 1 line 30. from Fraunce pag. 1171.
Fraunce 876.10 a. sayleth froÌ Bristow into Wales 879.50 a taken prisoner 880.50 b. caryed to Kenelworth 881. 5. a. deposed 881.27 b. resigneth the kingdome 882. 10. b. murdered 882.45 b. Edward the blacke Prince borne 893.31 a. created Duke of Cornewale 900.6 b. generall at the battayle of Cressy 932.24 b. goeth ouer into Gascoine 950.32 b. his proceeding in Aquitain 951.40 b. inuadeth the French dominions 956.1 a his ofter to the French king 958.44 a. returneth into England with his prisoners 961.38 b. maryeth y e Countesse of Kent 968.15 a. created Duke of Guyen 968.50 b. aydeth the king of Castell 971.50 b. ouerthroweth the Spaniardes at Naueret 973.20 b. coyneth his plate to pay his souldiours 974. 57. a. requireth a subsidie of his subiectes 975.46 a. summoned to appeere at Paris 975.45 b. Iudgement giuen against him by the French King 977.30 a. troubled with sickenes 977. 45. b. besiegeth Limoges 990.30 b. returneth into England 991.34 a. dyeth ââ¦97 5 b. Edward the first raigneth 785. lin 12. a. proclaimed Kyng lin 42. a. returneth from the holy land lin 47. a. commeth to y e French court lin 18. b. doth homage for his landes in Fraunce to the Frenche king ibidem coÌmeth to London lin 40. b. crowned 59. b. his wisedome and humilitie 786. lin 16. a. commeth to Chester 786.46 a. goeth towarde Wales with an armie 786.52 b. passeth into Fraunce 788.35 b. releaseth his title to Normandye ibidem maketh shift for money 789.20 b. entreth Wales 791.19 a. passeth in to Fraunce doth homage for his landes there 795.52 b. goeth into Aragon 796.10 a. returneth into Englande 797.55 b. maryeth two of his daughters 798.40 b. his mother dyeth 804.2 a. he is summoned to appeare in the couet of Fraunce pronounced a rebel condemned to lose Gwen. 807.8 a. renounceth the Frenche King 809.1 b. entreth Wales 811.23 a. coÌcludeth a leagu with the Earle of Flaunders 816.31 b. concludeth a league with the Emperour 817.43 a. passeth ouer the mountaines in Scotlande 822.44 a. passeth into FlauÌders 828.27 a. returneth in to England 832.23 a. maryeth the French kings sister 835.48 goeth into ScotlaÌd 835.39 b. 838.30 a. 839. 24. b. endeth his lyfe 845. 37. a. his corps conueied to Waltham 847.16 a. Edward the thyrd borne 851. 54. b. created Prince of Wales and Duke of Aquitaine 869.32 a. is sent into Fraunce 875.50 b. made Warden of Englande 880. 45. a. chosen king 881.20 b 882.20 b. beginneth hys raigne and is crowned 885. 12. a. in daunger of taking 891.10 a. maryed 891.20 b. doth homage for Guyen 892.7 b. goeth ouer sea lyke a Marchant 893.21 b. entreth Scotland 897.10 b. goeth to Andwarpe 903.40 a. quartereth the armes of Fraunce and England 905 45. b. his title to Fraunce 905.50 b. returneth into England 907.6 a. taketh the sea towarde Flaunders 908.56 a. ouer commeth the Frenchmen at Scluse 909. 1. a. commeth to Gaunt 909 6. b. layeth siege to Tourney 910.27 b. goeth thence to Gaunt 912.19 b. passeth into Zealand 912.26 b. cost on the seas landeth at the Tour Wharfe 912.30 b. offended with the Archbyshop of Cantorburie 913. 32. a. writeth to the Deane of Powles 913.3 b. hys answeare to the Emperours motion 914.52 b. sendeth ayde into Britaine 916.1 b. arriueth in Britaine 919.9 a. besiegeth Nauntes 919. 6. b. returneth into England 920.26 b. goeth ouer into Flaunders 926.22 a. keepeth a counsel in his shyp at Sluse 926.1 b. passeth into Normandie 929.50 a. passeth the Riuer of Sonne 932 30. a. comforteth his armye at Cressy 932.50 b. besiegeth Calais 935.54 b. hys pitie toward the poore 938. 35. a. passeth secretly to Calaice 944.30 a. fighteth vnder Sir Walter Lord Manuyes banner 944.10 b. vanquisheth the Spanish fleete 945.30 b. inuadeth France 951.17 a. goeth towarde Scotland 951.35 b. spoiles the same 955.20 a. goeth in to Fraunce with an armye 964 40. a. besiegeth Reimes 964.47 b. draweth toward Paris 965.9 b. maketh peace with the Frenchmen 966.3 b. surrendreth his tytle to Fraunce 966.52 b. sendeth succours into Gascoyne 978.10 a. dieth 999.1 b. Edward the fourth toke an othe at Yorke to obey King Henry the sixt pag. 1328. col 2. lin 20. proclaymed hymselfe King pag. 1329. col 1. lin 20. prouoketh the Earle of Warwick to fight col 2. lin 20. is receiued into London pag. 1332. col 2. lin 21. passeth ouer into Fraunce with an armye pag. 1346. col 2. lin 2. returneth pag. 1349. col 1. lin 42. deposed pag. 1354. col 2. lin 40. his destruction pag. 1356. col 2. lin 22. Oration in his death bed pag. 1357. col 1. lin 6. Edmond Duke of Somerset pag. 1331. col 2. lin 36. fled pag. 1335. col 1. lin 25. beheaded pag. 1340. col 2. lin 20. Edmond hampden Knyghte slayne pag. 1339. col 2. lin 55. Edmond the great and Godwyn landing in Somersetshyre spoyle the countrey and returne into Ireland with great booties 299.25 Edmond surnamed the great sonne to king Harold 299.25 Editha daughter to Erle Godwyn maryed to K. Edward 269.32 Edenburgh taken and burute 1593.40 Edwyne restored to his kyngdome of Northumberlande 158.92 Edward the fifte and his brother murdered pag. 1391. col 1. lin 6. Edelred succeedeth Lambert in the Archbyshopricke of Cantorbury 202.76 Edilwald aydeth Penda against his Vncle Oswye 175.61 Edbert or Ethelbert King of Kent ouerthrowen in battel and taken prisoner by Kennife 200.102 and 202.63 Edgecomle Peter 1450.45 Eduke Siluââ¦ticus rebelleth aginst King William 297.14 Editha daughter to king Edward borne 297.14 Editah daughter to king Edward borne 222.113 Edward the fourth borne at Roan 1268. col 2. lin 18. Edward sonne to the blacke Princeborne 971.13 a. Edilwalke slayne and his armie discomfited by Ceadwalla 184.31 Edessa a Citie in Mesopotamia 81.41 Edmond sonne to Henry the thyrde inuested King of Sicil and Naples 740.47 Edwin Earle submitteth himselfe to King William 291.59 Edward Earle of March pag. 1299. col 1. lin 1. Duke of Yorke pa. 1304. col 2. lin 18. come to London pag. 1306. col 2. lin 26. admitted king pag. 1307. col 1. lin 18. Edmond Lord Grey of Ruthen pag. 1299. col 2. lin 31. Edmond Duke of Yorke lieutenant of England 1103.51 a. Edilwald reigneth in the parties of Deira 174.106 Edwine slayne and his armie beaten downe 163.58 Edith sister to king Ethelwolfus professed a Nunne 208.5 Edbert set at libertie and restored 200.108 Edmond Courney knight and Peter his brother byshop of Exceter rayse an armie agaynst king Richarde the thyrd pag. 1401. col 2. lin 50. Edward inuadeth the kingdom of East angles with an armie and spoyleth it 221.81 Edurus looke Cridiorus Edwin sonne to Alla banished by Ethelferd 154.83 Edelfert and his armie vanquished and put to flight by the Britaynes 154.69 Edilred and Ecgââ¦eid made friendes 182.102 Edwyne bringeth the West Saxons vnder his subiection 159.112 Edward honorably receiued into the Court by king Hardicnute 268.92 Edelwin king of Kent chased out of his countrey
hym selfe with Duke William of Normandie for his othes sake 286 38. Gunthildis sister to king Swanus commeth into England and is baptised there 247 18. Guyse Iohn knight 1450.14 Gundulfe byshop of Rochester 328.39 Gunthildes sister to king Swanus with her husband and Sonne murthered 247.30 Guilthdacus king of Denmark ouercommeth Brennus in battile and taketh his wyfe prisoner 24.2 Guildebald Duke of Vrbin elected knight of the garter 1461.34 Guilthdacus departeth into Denmarke and becommeth tributarie vnto Belinus 24.52 Guana riuer in Wales 117.55 Guintolsnus appeaseth olde dissentions in the Realme 28.114 Gnintolinus dyeth and to buried at London 29.5 Gurgustus dyeth and is buried at Yorke 21.81 Guanius king of the Hunnes 95.106 Guanius king of the Hunnes sent against Marimus friendes 95.109 Gurdon Adam taken prisoner and pardoned 777.2 Guintolinus Sonne to Gurguintus admitted king of Britaine 28.89 Guyshard Robert Duke of Puglia 346.75 Gunhardus or Suardus a great Duke in Fraunce 2.51 Guanius and Melga flee out of Britaine into Ireland 96 7. Guyon Father to Duke Rollo of Normandie slayne 288.97 Guy or Guido Earle of Ponthreu 277.107 Gualter de Maunt. 270.83 Gurmundus arriueth in Britaine to ayde the Saxons 144.3 Gurgustus Sonne of Riuallon beginneth to reygne in Britaine 21.72 Gurden Barthram kyller of king Richard the first 540 37. forgiuen and rewarded 540.52 cruelly put to death 540.63 Gutlacke a man of great vertue and holinesse 197.18 Gurmond called also Guthryd 219.66 GuoroÌgus gouernor of KeÌt vnder Vortigernus 113.104 Guintelinus loke Guintolinus Guenhera dyeth in Scotland and is buried in Angus 137 45 Guynes Castle taken by Iohn Dancaster 946.50 a. Guillomer vanquished and dooth fealtie to the king of England 133. ââ¦2 H. Harold ordeyned by kyng Edward to succeede him in the kingdome of England 282.111 Harold setteth the crowne vpon his own head 283.2 Harold seeketh to win his peoples fauour by courtesie 283.12 Harold denyeth to deliuer the kingdome of Englande vnto Duke William of Normandie 283.40 Harold refuseth to take to wife the dauthter to Duke Williliam of Normandie 283.79 Harold prepareth to withstand the sodeyne inuasion of the Normans 283.98 Harold leadeth that name against Tostie which he had prepared against the Normââ¦ns 284.18 Harold Harfager king of Norway arriueth in Englande with a great Name of ships 284.49 Harold Harfager slayne and his armie discomfited 284.90 Harold leeseth the hartes of his people in vnequally diuiding the Norwegian spoyles amongst them 285.24 Harold hated of the Pope and Cardinals 285.106 Harold goeth ouer into Normandie to visite his brother and Nephue 277.86 Harold going vppon the Sea for pleasure is driuen vppon the coast of Ponthien and taken prisoner 377.99 Harold presented to William Duke of Normandie 278.9 Harold hyghly welcommed by Duke William of Normandie 278.9 Harold accompanyeth Duke William in armes agaynst the Britaines 278.22 Harold taketh an othe to keepe the Realme of England to Duke Williams vse 278.31 Harold hasteth out of the North partes to encounter with the Normans 286.18 Harold slaine by a wound in the eye 287.25 Harold fleeth to Westchester and there becommeth an Ancre 287.60 Harold last king in England of the Saxon blood 288.6 Harold a scourge to the Welchmen 288.42 Harold surnamed Harefoote why 263.99 Harold not sonne to king Cnute but to a Shoemaker 264.3 Harolds treason against queen Emma and her children 264.97 Harolds counterfeit letters sent to Queene Emmas children in Normandie 264.108 Harold departeth out of this world 266.58 Harold returneth into England 278.46 Harold striketh his brother Tostie in the presence of the king 278.79 Harold sent against the rebellious Northumbers with an armie 279.3 Harold after the death of king Edward proclaymeth hymselfe king of England 282.104 Hasting a Dane entreth the Thames with a fleete and is constrayned by siege 216.4 Hasting causeth his two sonnes to be baptised 216.18 Hasting euer most vntrue of woorde and deede 216.19 Harold base sonne to king Cnute succeedeth his father in the kingdome of England 263.30 Earle of Hare court slayne at Cressy 934.32 b. Hatfielde battaile fought by the Britaine 's against the Englishmen 163.56 Hardicnute returneth out of Denmarke into England 266.80 Hardicnute proclaymed and crowned king of England 266.89 Hasting fortresse builded by the Normans 286.10 Hasting battaile fought by the Normans agaynst the Englishmen 286.56 Harbert William knyght one of king Henry the eyght his executors 1611.51 represseth the Rebels in Somerââ¦etshire 1648.24 master of the horse and created Earle of Penbroke 1709.25 is generall of the armie agaynst What. 1731.20 is generall of an armie into Fraunce 1767. 17. Lord Stward of her maiesties house dieth 1841.52 Harold and Canutus Sonnes to king Swanus of Denmarke sent into Englande with a Nauie 300.25 Harrison William cited 81.58 and .81 92. and .88.75 and 89.73 and .99.90 Harold and Leofwin inuade the shires of Somerââ¦et and Durcet and slay the Inhabitants 272.68 Harolds bodye taken vp and throwen into the Thames 267.3 Harald byshop of Elsham 195.13 Hardiknought looke Hardicnute Harold king of man made knight 715.100 Harington Iames attaynted 1425.42 Hastings Robert a knyght templeâ⦠400.70 Har. William cited 111.77 and .115.64 and .116.94 Har. William cited 291.16 Hartfoord Castle builded 220.78 Har. William cited 180.62 and .192.96.194.9 and .194.46 and .198.62 Godfray Harecourt fleeth out of Fraunce 928.58 b. Hall Iohn executed 1864.28 Iohn Hastings Earle of Penbroke slaine 1075.50 b. Hay Rauife sent ouer into England with a band of souldiours 433.51 Harold succeedeth his father Godwyn in the Earledome of Kent 275.5 Harold William cyted 130. 70. and .131.40 and .133 58. and .137.63 and .140 15. Haruie first Byshop of Ely there appointed 349.92 Haruie translated from Bangor to Ely 349.93 Hardicnute dyeth suddeinly 267.112 Hammes abandoned to the Frenchmen 1777.20 Hales Iames knyght hys sundry molestations and ende 1723. Har. William cited 121.3 and 125.77 and .127.30 and 128.40 and .129.16 Hayles Abbey founded 781.95 Hayles bloud brought into England 781.100 Harold Generall of kyng Edwardes armie against Algar and kyng Griffin 276. 37. and .277.52 Haymon Earle of Gloucester departeth this life 399.46 Hart burning among the Nobitie 746.61 Harold banished the land 272.12 Haroldes landes giuen to Algar 272.22 Robert Hal murdered in Westminster church 1010.12 b Haco a Danish Earle arriueth in Enlgand wyth an armie agaynst King William 309 26. Harding Stephan a Monke of Shirebourne 333.84 Haldene a leader or kyng of the Danes 209.115 Halewell Thomas knight 1450.43 Harold and Canutus wyth their armie put to flight by king William escape to their shippes 301.18 Haddington chase 1637.8 Hayle of the bignesse of hennes egges 556.27 Halden a Danishe King 212.12 Harrison William cited 44.89 and .74.23 and .74.39 Hambletew rendered to the French king 1695.4 Hamelton Stephan knight put to death 1570.10 Sir Iohn Hankewoods prase 1001.33 a. Harflew wonne by the English pag. 1262. col 1. lin 2. Hacun set at libertie and sent into England 278.44 Hatton Christopher made captaine of the
is restored to him agayne 575.81 Iohn king maketh him selfe vassal to the Pope 575.85 Iohn king sweareth togethers with 16. Earls and Barons to stand to the iudgement of the Church of Rome 575.116 Iohn king his Charter of submission to the Pope 576.12 Iohn king doth homage to the Pope 576.77 Iohn king sendeth preparation of warres of Shippes and men into Flaunders to aide the Earle of Flaunders agaynst the French king 578.8 Iohn king writeth to the Archbyshop of Canterburie and other byshops in banishment to reurne into England 581.11 they returne 581.26 Iohn king kneeleth downe at the Archbyshop of Canterburies feete and craueth forgeuenesse at his hands 581.32 Iohn king desireth to be assoyled 581.44 he is assoyled 581.57 Iohn king sayleth ouer seas into Poictou 581.76 he returneth backe agayne into England 581.96 Iohn king commaundeth that the Lawes of king Henrie the first his Grandfather should be obserued in England 582.5 Iohn king assembleth an armie to goe agaynst those Lordes that refused to goe with him to Poictou 582.18 but the Archbyshop of Canterburie threatning to excommunicate those that should assist him he leaueth of his enterprise 582 25. Iohn king repenteth of his promises made vppon his reconciliation to the Pope 582.39 Iohn king commended to the Pope to bee an humble Prince 583.39 Iohn king goeth into Fraunce with a great armie 584.20 Iohn kings daughter Iane affied to the Earle of March 584.62 Iohn king inuadeth Britaine 585.43 the Britayns ioyne battaile with him 585.53 and are put to flight 585.55 Iohn king supposeth nothing prospered wel with him since he subiected him selfe to the Church of Rome 586.13 Iohn king taketh truce with the French king 586.28 Iohn king returneth into England 586.31 Iohn king taketh on him the crosse to goe into the Holy land 587.83 Iohn king prepareth an armie and fortifieth diuers castles for his saftie against his Barons 588.5 Iohn king is moued by the Archbyshop of Canterburie to satisfie the requestes of the Barons 588.22 The king refuseth so to do 588.28 The Barons goe to armour agaynst him 588.30 he sendeth to them to knowe their myndes therein 588.70 Iohn king left desolate of friendes 589.50 Iohn king sendeth Ambassadours to the BaroÌs 589.26 Iohn king yeeldeth to the Barons subscribeth and sealeth to their Articles concerning the Liberties demaunded 590 12. Iohn king his impacient and made behauiour after his agreement with the Barons 591.3 Iohn king sendeth Ambassadours to the Pope 591.52 Iohn king sendeth ouer sea for Souldiers 591.64 Iohn king lyeth in the I le of Wight obscurely 591.74 he goeth from place to place vndecently 591.96 Iohn king sendeth Ambassadours agayne to the Pope to shewe that the Barons refuse to stand to his prescript 592.69 Iohn king goeth into the I le of Wight 592.72 Iohn king besiegeth the Castle of Rochester 593.1 it is yelded to the king 593.19 Iohn king deuideth his great armie into two parts 595.1 and with the one part he goeth himself Northward 593 Iohn king goeth into Scotland and taketh the Castle of Barwicke 595.61 Iohn the yongest sonne of Henry the second proclaymed king 542.1 Iohn king generally receyued as king 542.76 Iohn king keepeth his Easter at Beaufort in Aniou 543.64 Iohn king girded with the Sworde of the Duchie of Normandie by the handes of the Archbyshoppe of Rowen 543.68 Iohn king inuested Duke of Normandie 543.68 Iohn king taketh his othe in Normandy 543.72 Iohn king commeth ouer into England 544.7 Iohn king Landed at Horcham 544.8 Iohn king commeth to London to receiue the crowne 544.10 Iohn king brought to Westminster by the Nobilitie and Commons to receyue his Diademe 544.13 Iohn king crowned 544.76 Iohn king receyueth homage of the Lordes and Barons 545 1. Iohn king his answeare to the Scottish Ambassadors 545 72. Iohn king requireth the kyng of Scotland to meete with him at Nottingham 545.78 Iohn k. maketh preparation into Normandie 546.6 Iohn king passeth ouer into Normandie 546.17 Iohn king and the French king common personally togeather 546.70 Ioane sister to king Iohn dyed 447.7 Iohn king returneth into England 548.15 Iohn king leuith a subsidie 548.17 Iohn king goeth to Yorke 548.18 Iohn king sayleth into Normandie 548.21 Iohn king doth homage to the French king 548.47 Iohn king returneth into England 548.72 Iohn king leeseth the goodwil of his subiectes 548.100 Iohn king goeth into Normandie 548.103 Iohn king diuorced 548.105 Iohn king maried to a newe wife 548.109 Issue king Iohn had by his newe wife 548.111 Iohn king returneth into England and causeth his newe wife to be crowned 549 38. Iohn king conceyueth displeasure against white Monkes 549.43 Iohn king taketh the white Monkes into fauor 551.43 Iohn king holdeth his Christmas at Guildford 551.71 Iohn king keepeth his Easter at Cantorburie 551.86 Iohn king the Queene passe into Normandie 552.16 Iohn king goeth into Fraunce with the French king 552.28 Iohn king returneth out of Fraunce into Normandye 552.49 Iohn king commeth vppon his enemyes not looked for and sleaeth them 553.51 Iohn king writeth ouer into England vnto his barons of hys good successe agaynst his enemies 554.13 Iohn king returneth into Englande and is crowned again at Cantorburie and so passeth backe into Normandye 554.61 Iohn king cyted to appeare before the Frenche kyng to answeare to the death of Arthur Duke of Britayne 555 90. Iohn king gyueth himself ouer to banquetting and other delightes 556.40 Iohn king commeth into England 557.43 Iohn king accuseth his nobles of slothfulnes in ayding him and therefore putteth them to their fynes 557.57 Iohn king prepareth an armye to goe into Fraunce 560.64 Iohn king is perswaded not to goe to the warres 560.83 Iohn king chargeth some of the Nobilitie with treason 561.15 Iohn king goeth ouer to Rochel with an armie of men 562.65 Iohn king returneth into England 563.61 Iohn king repayreth the Citie of Angiers 564.10 Iohn king writeth to the Pope 564.81 Iohn king and the Realme accursed 566.17 Iohn king his dealings wyth the Prelacie after the Interdiction pronounced 566.31 Iohn king prepareth to besiege London wherin the Barons dyd lye who opened y e gates and would haue gyuen hym battayle but he retyred back 598.48 Iohn king prepareth a Nauie of shippes to encounter Lewes the French kings sonne by sea but by Tempest hys shippes are dispersed and drowned 598.60 Iohn king sendeth once againe to the Pope 598.69 Iohn king his souldiers for the most part forsake him 600.70 and goe to Lewes 600.72 Iohn king maketh hauocke in the possessions of his aduersaries 604.32 Iohn king of Fraunce raunsomed 967.3 a. set at libertie 967.40 b. Iohn Cornweale knight marieth the kings sister pa. 1132. col 1. lin 26. Iohn the French king dyeth in England 969.34 b. Iohn Olde Castle knight accused pa. 1166. col 1. lin 50. sent to the Towre col 2. lin 16. escaped thence lin 28. shyfted for himself pa. 1188. col 2. lin 52. taken pa. 1191 col 1. lin 9. executed lin 30.
receyued by the Clergie with .xlij. Crosses and then met him the Senate and the Burgesses of the towne offering to him diuerse fuyre and costly presents In this maner he passed through the Citie to our Ladie Churrâ⦠and there hauing sayde his orisows he caused his Chaplaines to sing this Antheme Quis est tam magnus dominus VVho is so great a Lorde as our God This done he came to the castel where he coÌtinued a good space after receyuing homages fralties of the burgesses townesmen and setting orders amongst them He also reedified diuerse fortresses townes during which tyme hee made Proclamation that all menne whiche woulde become hys subiectes shoulde enioy theyr goods landes and offices whiche Proclamation made many towns to yeeld and many euen to become English the same season Titus Liuius The Duke of Brytaigne vnderstanding that if the King of Englande shoulde continue in possession of Normandie his Countrey could not but bee in greate daunger if hee prouided not to haue him his friend vpon safecoÌduct obteyned for him and his retinue came to Roan with fiue C. horses and being honourably receyued of the K. after coÌference had betwixt theÌ of diuers things at length they agreed vpon a league on this wife A league concluded betwene K. Henry and the D. of Britaine that neither of them should make warre vnto the other nor to any of the others people or subiectes except he that ment to make that warre denounced the same sixe Monethes before Thus this league being concluded the Duke tooke leaue of the king and so returned into Brytayne About the same time at the suyte of certaine Bishops and Abbottes of Normandie the King confirmed vnto them theyr auncient priuiledges graunted by the former Dukes of Normandie and kings of Fraunce except such as were granted by those whom he reputed for vsurpers and no lawfull kings or dukes Hee also established at Caen the Chamber of accountes of the reuenues of his dukedome of Normandie In Rouen he began the foundation of a strong Tower behinde the Castell that from the castell to the Tower and from the Tower to his Palayce the men of warre appoynted there in garnison myght passe in suretie without daunger of the Citie if perhaps the Citizens should attempt any rebellion She was committed to the safe keping of ãâã Pelham who appointed hir ix seruants to attend hir conueyed hir to the castel of Pompsey Tho. VVals Frier Randoll In this sixth yeare whylest these thinges were adoing in Normandie Queene Ioan late wife of king Henry the fourth and mother in law to this King was arested by the Duke of Bedford the kings lieutenant in his absence by him committed to safe keeping in the castell of Leedes in Kent there to abide the kings pleasure About the same time one Frier Randoll of the order of Franciscanes that professed diuinitie and had bene confessour to the same Queene was taken in the Isle of Gernesey being first brought ouer into Normandie was by the kings commaundement sent hither into Englande and coÌmitted to the Tower where he remayned till the persoÌ of the tower quarelling with him by chance slue him there within the Tower warde It was reported that hee had conspired with the Orlâ⦠by sorcerie and nigromancie to destroy the King Whylest the king remayned in Rouen to set things in order for the establishment of good policie in that Citie hee sent abroad dyuerse of hys Captaynes with conuenient forces to subdue certayne Townes and Castelles in those protyes as hys brother the Duke of Clarence Vernon and Mante taken by the english who wanne the strong Towne of Vernon and Mante In Vernon was sir William Porter made Captayne and in Maunte the Earle of Marche The Erle of Salisburie wan Hunflew Titus Licius Hunflew ãâã after he had besieged it from the fourth of Februarie vntill the .xij. of March This towne was giuen afterwardes vnto the duke of Clarence Also the sayde Earle of Salisburie wan the Townes of Monster de Villiers Ew Newcastell and finally all the places in that quarter which till that present were not vnder the English obeysance At Newcastell Sir Philip Leeth was made captaine After Candlemasse the King departed ãâã Rouen to go to Eureux whither he had promysed to come in like case as the Dolphin had promised to be at Dreux to the end that they might aduise vpon a conuenient place where to meete to entreate of a peace to bee concluded betwixte the two Realmes But the Dolphin by sinister perswasion of some enimies to concorde brake promise and came not When the king sawe this through default of his aduersarie no treaty wold be had he remooued to Vernon and there a while remayned Nowe from Eureux the king had dispatched the Erle of Warwicke vnto the siege of la Roch Guion which fortresse he so constrayned An. reg 7. Roch Guion rendred vp that it was yeelded into his handes the sixth of Apryll in the beginning of this seuenth yeare of Kyng Henries raigne and giuen to sir Gay Buttelie late Captaine of Rouen of the kings free and liberall graunt About the same same time Chateau Galââ¦arde besiegâ⦠the Duke of Exceter layde siege vnto Chateau Galyarde which siege continued from the last of Marche vnto the latter ende of September or as some write vnto the .xx. of December as after shall appeare The Duke of Gloucester beeing sent to wynne the Towne and Castell of Yuri Yury takes by assault tooke the Towne by assaulte and the Castell was delyuered by composition after fortie dayes siege After this the Englishmen ouerranne the couÌtrey about Chartres and did much hurt to theyr enimies in all places where they came The heartes of the Frenchmen were sore discouraged with the losse of Rouen and the other townes which yeelded one after another thus to the Englishmen so that such as loued the wealth of their Countrey sore lamented the imminent mischiefes which they saw by the diuision of the Nobilitie like shortlye to fall on theyr heades namely bycause they sawe no remedie prepared But who euer else was disquieted with this matter Iohn Duke of Burgoigne raged and swelled yea and so muche freated therewith that hee wyst not what to say and lesse to doe for hee knewe well that hee was neyther free from disdaine nor yet delyuered from the scope of malice bycause that he onely ruled the King and had the whole dooings in all matters aboute hym And therefore he considered that all such mishappes as chaunced to the state of the coÌmon wealth would bee imputed to his negligence and disordred gouernment To finde some remedie against such daungers at hand he thought first to assay if hee might by any reasonable meanes coÌclude a peace betwixt y e two mightie kings of England France which if hee might bring to passe he doubted not to reuenge his quarell easily ynough against the Dolphin