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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B05906	The parfait mareschal, or Compleat farrier. Which teacheth, I. To know the shapes and goodness, as well as faults and imperfections of horses. II. The signs and causes of their diseases, the means to prevent them, their cure, and the good or bad use of purging and bleeding. III. The way to order and preserve them, when upon travel, to feed, and to dress them. IV. The art of shoeing, according to a new design of shoes, which will recover bad feet, and preserve the good. Together with a treatise, how to raise and bring up a true and beautiful race of horses: as also instructions, whereby to fit all kinds of horses with proper bits, whereof the chief draughts are represented in copper-plates. / Written originally in French by the Sieur de Solleysel Escuyer, sometime one of the overseers of the French Kings Royal Academy of Riding, near to the Hostel de Conde in Paris. And translated from the last Paris impression, by Sir William Hope of Kirkliston Kt. Lieutenat Governour of the Castle of Edinburgh. By whom is also added as a supplement to the first part, a most compendious and excellent collection of horsemanship, taken from the best and most modern writers upon that subject, such as Mr. De la Brow, Pluvinel, and the Great Duke of Newcastle. Part I.; Parfait mareschal. English. 1696	Solleysel, Jacques de, 1617-1680.; Hope, William, Sir.	1696 (1696)	Wing S4458; ESTC R184351	1,036,506	744

a Gallop again to give him wind and thus you are to exercise him for three hours then cover him lead him home in your hand and rubbing him down and drying him well ty him up with the Bridle to the Rack for three hours after which give him his water but it must now be as hot as he can drink it and then feed him as at other times The day of the Match you shall give him his former quantity of Sack and yolks of Eggs being well beat together two hours before he is to run and he must be also tyed up to the Rack six hours before that you give him his Sack You are also to observe that upon the day of the Match and that emediately preceeding it he is only to eat half his allowance of Bread at each meal and also but half of the Wheat shaves that you were accustomed to give him Upon the dayes that your Horse is not to run or that it is as yet a pretty while to a Match or plate you are alwayes to feed and exercise him as I have told you only after that you find him exactly prepared you are not to give him his Garlick Balls but every ninth day If during the time of his dyeting or afterwards the Horse should disgust or become costive you must then give him good Glisters made of two English Quarts or Scots Chopins of Milk and one English Pint or Scots Mutchkin of Olive or Sallet Oyl the whole being well mixed and made Luke warm These kind of Horses are never to be Rid but with very small Snaffles for fear of hindring their breathing and wind which one of our great Bitts would certainly do the Rider is to lean a little forewards to prevent the wind taking too much upon his Body and to have also Cloaths very light and fit for him but no flying or loose coat only a Cap in place of a Hat very small and sharp Spurrs and he is to Spurr near to the Flanks with little stroaks because strong and great stroaks retard a Horse in stead of making him run no Curper nor Tie or Poitral only a very light Saddle and the Rider so too This is what that Cavaleer taught me of the running Horses in England it is enough to satisfie the curiosity of such who shall be desirous to prepare and dyet Horses after that manner they practise in England for my own part I confess I like better to dress a Horse for the Warr or Mannage then to prepare him for such Courses where the expences and trouble are oft times farr greater then either the pleasure or profit that is got by them So here endeth the Method of preparing a running Horse set down by our Author you may choose which of the two you will make tryal of I believe both may be good but having had experience of the first I can with more confidence recommend it to you then this last and as I have set down both meerly to gratifie a curious Reader so I expect that if any one of them hold you will not fret and repine at the disappointment you may meet with from the other should it fail especially seeing you are at liberty to make choice of that which you shall Judge most agreeable to reason and the Modern practice of our greatest Jockies In fine to put a close to this Supplement in which I have to my knowledge ommitted nothing material belonging to the Art of Horsemanship I think it will not be amils to conclude it with a few lines which are in my opinion very apposite to the subject matter of this last Chapter for they were made upon the last famous Horse-Match run before King CHARLES the Second of Blessed Memory by Dorsett Ferry near Windsor Castle 1 NOt Ancient Rome with her Olimpick Game By which she did achive so great a Fame When o'r the Circus the Bright Chariots whitl'd Surprising with delight the Gazing World Coud e're compare to Englands Nobler Chase When suift as Lightning or the Winged Race The Generous Beast out-Strips the wind And leaves the wondring Croud behind 2 In this debate Monarchs their Vmpirage boast And even an Empires wealth is won and lost The Noble Bruits with Emulation Fir'd Scorning by Mannagers to be inspir'd As if they understood their Betters will They show with pride their Eager force skill And without Aid of Spurr or Rein They cut the Air and scour the Plain 3 To Future times may these illustrious sports Be only the Divertisements of Courts Since the best man best Judge and best of Kings Whose President the best example brings When e're his God like mind unbent from care To all his pleasures this he woud prefer So Gods of old did not disdain The rural pastimes of the Plain 4 And Dorsett ever Celibrated be For this last Honour which Ariv'd to thee Blest for thy prospect all august and gay Blest for the memory of this Glorious day The last great Race the Royal Hero View'd O Dorsett to thy much Lov'd Plains he ow'd For which alone a lasting Name Records thee in the Book of Fame The End of the First part THE CONTENTS OR An Alphabetical Table OF The Principal Matters contained in the First Part. A AGE HOw to know a Horse's age while he hath Mark p. 19 What a man should Remember for the more ready knowing a Horse's Age. p. 21 A great and general mistake in many People anent the age in which Horses are most serviceable p. 22 How to know the Age of a Horse that is either past Mark shell or hollow toothed or even Counter-marked p. 23 Several signs of old age p. 24 How to judge of a Horse's age by looking to his Palate p. 25 AGILITY How to judge of a horse's agility and vigour p. 72 AMBLE That to go with the haunches low and plyed is a token of a good Amble p. 75 The best observation whereby to know a true and easie Amble p. 75 ANBURYS What they are and how to remove them p. 66 ANCIENTS If to be imitate in all their designs of Horses or not p. 15 That in most of their designs they have placed the Head in a bad posture p. 15 APERIENT The 5 aperient or opening Roots p. ●86 APPETITE How to know if a Horse hath a good appetite and if he be subject to the Tick. p. 88 How to recover a Horse's appetite that disgusts upon a journey p. 102 ARCHEDLEGS How to know them p. 36 How such Horses as have them are to be shoed p. 137 ARMING How Horses arm themselves against the Operation of the Bridle p. 255 A good method to prevent a horse's arming himself against his Neck p. 255 ARMS See Forethighs ARRESTES See Rats Tails ATTITUDE What it is p. 14 AUBIN A kind of Pace and what it is p. 76 B. BACK-SINEWS How to know when they are good and sound p. 37 A Recapitulation of what was said concerning them p. 38 BAITING See Feeding

Divertisements and as it is my humor to abominate idleness so I always designed that my innocent Occupations might not only be diverting and useful to my self but also beneficial if possible to others whereof I have already given several Proofs in treating of a Subject no less useful and Gentlemany than this and as the divertisement and satisfaction I have had in compleating this Translation hath abundantly recompensed my labour for I assure you what ever may be the thoughts of some narrow and mean spirited People I never intended any prospect of gain should so I make no doubt but the serious perusal of it will sufficiently answer my expectation by giving all imaginable satisfaction to the Reader The Third Reason proceeds from an Objection which I have heard sometimes made against the Book in General viz. That many of its Receipts are not only difficult to prepare but also very chargeable now although I know this will have no weight with any who know the Book yet seeing it hath been and still may be a Stumbling-block to many who know not its Worth and Excellency I shall endeavour to remove it First then as to the great difficulty there is in prepareing some of the Receipts I say that is easily remeded by either making use of such as are least composed and whereof there are a great many in the Book of the same nature and vertue although not altogether so great with those that are most difficult to prepare or otherwise where there is an absolute necessity to make use of any which are more composed by employing some discreet and skilful Apothecary who may be commonly found in the next adjacent Town or Village And as to the Second which is their chargeableness and excessive Rate besides as I have already said that there are many Remedies of an easie composition as well as more difficult so there are also others which may be had at a very easy Rate and are therefore most proper for Horses of a small value not but that they are also good for the finest of Horses however I judge them more proper for the coursest and most common such as your ordinary Hackneys plough and Cart-horses c. and where a man hath Horses which are very fine and of a great value I cannot imagine that he will grudge at the giving out twenty shillings that so he may save himself 100 200 or 300 Pounds many Horses in Europe being known to be valued at these Rates and even in England there are some of 100 150 and 200 Pounds price so that I say to save Horses of so great a value I cannot fancy that any Nobleman or Gentleman who takes delight in them will scruple the laying out of 20 or 30 shillings which is more than the price of the most composed Remedy in the whole Book and although the common Vehicle recommended by our Author be Claret or White Wine both because the coursest kind of it which is good enough for Horses is procured at a very easy Rate in France as also because they have not in that Country the conveniency of getting good Ale yet it doth not hinder but that in many cases where he ordereth Claret or White Wine we in these Islands where Wines are sold at a pretty dear Rate and where good Ale may be easily had may make use of Ale if we find no indispensible necessity lying upon us to make only use of Wine which in some cases there is as the nature of the Remedy with a little Experience will quickly discover to any And thus I hope I have removed a common but in my Opinion very weak and frivolous Objection made by a kind of men who value a Crown or Noble more than the finest Courser of Naples But the Fourth and last Reason why this Translation hath been omitted and which will I believe be found to be the strongest of all is that we are generally so much perswaded of the Ezcellency of our old Writers such as Blundevil Markham De la Gray and some others that we imagine none can outstrip or exceed them and yet the most part of those who have writ in the English Language upon this Subject were French Men For the Duke of Newcastle by what I can learn never writ any thing of Marshalry what ever he might have done had he lived for we find in his English Book of Horsemanship last Published that he designed such a Treatise but that it was ever either finished or so much as begun to is what I could never as yet be certainly informed of so that generally speaking I say we must still acknowledge that we are in a great measure beholden to the French for our chiefest Knowledge and Skill in this Science and who ever shall take the pains to peruse these Writers and this as I have done the most part of them will find such a difference betwixt them that I am confident if he be any thing of a Horseman he will make no Comparison Let this long neglect then of ours now we have this admirable Piece in our own Language make us the more foreward throughly to peruse and practise its Directions that so we may with the greater success improve in the knowledge of a Science which as the Art Military is lookt upon not to be below the study even of Princes whereof several instances might be given and that this Translation may have so good and wished for effect is the earnest desire of him who is not only a Well-wisher to Marshalry and Horsemanship but also according to his small power and capacity an Encourager and Promoter of all Heroick and Gentlemany Studies and Exercises whatsoever THE AUTHOR'S EPISTLE To the READER HERE is a new Edition of the Parfait Mareschal wherein I am to give you new discoveries which without doubt will make it preferable to the former I changed many things in the last to distinguish it from those which were Counterfeit by some Booksellers at Lions accustomed to deceive the Publick by defective Editions wherein they shamefully join Negligence with Dishonesty They altered in this my Work the Names of the Drugs and thereby rendered them unintelligible they falsified in many remedies the Dose and consequently made the Cure worse than the Disease To free the publick of this inconveniency I have in this new Edition changed the order of the preceeding by transposing the two Parts which compose the Whole and putting the Second in place of the First To the end so remarkable a change which immediatly strikes the Eyes might without Choquing either Reason or Symmetry serve to distinguish the true and genuine Copies from the false Since that time Experience and Reflections have given me new Discoveries whereof I intend to make the Publick a Sharer thereby the better to Answer the expectation of many Strangers who having already Translated this Book into several Languages and preparing for new Editions will be no doubt very well satisfied to find it more

Hay that wherein there is much Clover is absolutely the best A Botte of Straw and three Measures of Oats whereof there are six as I said in the Bushel with two heaped Measures of Bran at Twelve a Clock especially and the Straw which he leaveth of the above-mentioned proportion will serve for his Litter A Hunter or Journey-Pad of a reasonable size will eat more Hay although his labour be not so violent both because they are commonly longer of Body and also that when they go to the Feilds to hunt they are a long time without eating therefore they must have more food to keep them always in good case so that people should give to them a Botte and a half of Hay a Botte of Straw and four Measures of Oats A large Galloway or Summer-Pad two Bottes of Hay in three days and each day a Botte of Straw with two Measures of Oats besides one of Bran at twelve a clock The lesser size of Galloways or Summer little Nags two Bottes of Hay in three days and the like quantity of Straw but then two Measures of Oats given at three times in the day will be abundantly sufficient As Coach-Horses are larger than any of these above-mentioned so they require a greater allowance of food therefore if they are very large five Bottes of Hay and three Bottes of Straw betwixt the two and six measures of Oats to each that is the Setier should serve them both for ten days but if they are horses only of a middle size then four Bottes of Hay and three of Straw betwixt the two and five Measures of Oats to each will serve however some people give only four of Oats but it is too small an allowance if they work much In fine I am of opinion that it is an excellent Maxim to feed well such horses as work as also these which do not for it is a true Proverb that there should be no such thing as Oats resting or not made use of A Setier of Oats will serve two of the largest size of Coach-horses ten days although they work very hard and twelve if but moderatly to the common or ordinary size of Coach horses the Setier will last twelve days between the two and to the smallest size it will serve fourteen but a man is always according to their violent moderate or very small exercise to regulate himself for the just distribution of their food When once horses are very plump and well accustomed for a long time to Hard-meat they are nourished and maintain themselves in that condition with a very little food for example I have known in Paris extraordinary large Coach-horses 〈◊〉 did not eat each of them in twenty four hours above an Botte of Hay and a 〈◊〉 straw the Setier of Oats lasted them both a fortnight and yet they were 〈◊〉 very fat and in good case It is true indeed that their labour was but moderate and quently interrupted that is they had many days of rest and before they were reduc● this small allowance they were continually sick but thereafter kept their health 〈◊〉 well Now if any Man should offer to regulate his horse's food according to this p●●tion without considering whether or not they be already in a good case or have of a long time accustomed to Hard-meat would I assure you be deceived for they only those horses which are very fat that can be maintained with so little food 〈◊〉 must they also be suffered to work too excessively The Wheat Bran which is given to Coach-horses should not be reckoned as 〈◊〉 of their food except they be either extraordinary light-belly'd very young or excess● over-heated in their bodies which you may easily discover by the hardness blackness of their Dung Cut-Straw is very good to be given them amongst their Oats and in other 〈◊〉 they are to be ordered as the rest of your horses Every Man who hath good horses should cause take a special care of them 〈◊〉 they are worth his pains and for that effect if he can have his choice of a Stable shall have it well aired and not at all moist for Humidity is a great enemy to 〈◊〉 and bringeth many inconveniencies along with it therefore except in a dry and 〈◊〉 foundation all stables beneath ground are moist and consequently worth 〈◊〉 the Windows should be to the North if possible and the whole Stable kept very 〈◊〉 however without Stiffling and it is upon this account that the Vaults which are too●● are unwholsome because they are almost as hot as Ovens the Manger should be 〈◊〉 three or four foot high a foot and a half broad and as much in depth provide that the Stall be full four foot high which is the greatest height it should 〈◊〉 the largest size of Horses but for the middle three foot and a half is sufficient and for 〈◊〉 least or Galloway Nags three because for this last size this height of the Manger 〈◊〉 judged abundantly sufficient for if it were heigher it would oblige them 〈◊〉 stretch too much their necks before they could reach the bottom of the manger Heck or Rack perpendicularly fixed because in those which slop forwards the 〈◊〉 and short hay falls from them and so durties the horse's head and Mane In 〈◊〉 where there are a great number of horses the best way is to have no Rack at all cause the Grooms which should be continually near them will give them their by degrees and so it will be better freed from its dust as it is just untyed and 〈◊〉 out of the Bottle which is a thing not very commonly practised for the 〈◊〉 men and Grooms do generally throw the Bottles of hay into the Rack hard tyed and without so much as the least untying or dusting it which is a bad custom 〈◊〉 cause if you cause dust it well and but give it them little by lttle it will them a great deal more good than if you should give it all at once as those lazy 〈◊〉 slothful Grooms do The measures and dimensions of a Stable within the walls are eighteen or two foot for one range of horses to wit ten foot for the length of the horse where standeth and eight or ten foot for the Alley or Walk and so proportionably 〈◊〉 Stable of two ranges there must be allowed seven foot and a half for the stan●● two horses which is about eight inches for the Mid-pillar and about three 〈◊〉 inches for the place of each horse For the rest see Chap. 50. at the end A 〈◊〉 not want good models both in France and England whereby he may be inst●●● in the building a convenient Stable especially in France that of Merlow in 〈◊〉 pleasure house of the Constables of Mommorancy the Kings Stables both the great and lesser the Stables of Cardinal Mazarin those of Chilly belonging to Monsieur 〈◊〉 those of Maison which are of a very odd and extraordinary fashion and many 〈◊〉 any of which patterns a man

like man●●e because he had once a well marked Horse which was worth nothing he w●●● not have us rely upon any of the Conjectures and Observations which have hithe to passed amongst us for very good and that because they are not infallible I gr●● they both do and may fail but that a man should not at all have regard to the● is what I do not acknowledge because these Observations together with the● ther means he gives us whereby to know exactly a Horse makes us to have a● more clear and distinct knowledge CHAP. LXXVIII What kind of Horse is fittest for a Stallion and how he is to be ordered As also What Mares are best to Breed upon and how they are to receive the Stallion PEople cannot possibly find a better Horse for a Stallion CHAP. LXXVIII What kind of Horse is fittest for a Stallion as also how the Mares are to receive him than a good and beautiful Barb of a good colour and well marked and in place of hi● good and beautiful Spanish Horse also of a good colour and well 〈◊〉 that so they may give a good tincture to your Breed and being designed for th●● use he can never be too bold and vigorous for I assure you the Colts which he 〈◊〉 gets will rather degenerate than improve and besides the having him of a 〈◊〉 colour a man should take care that he have none of these Infirmities which 〈◊〉 called Heredetary that is which the Colts may derive from him because the 〈◊〉 will assoon resent and participate of the Imperfections as good Qualities of 〈◊〉 Stallion The Heredetary Imperfections are the Infirmities of the Eyes which are 〈◊〉 fluxions the Moon c. as also the Infirmities of the Hams to wit Spavins Jar●●● Vessigons and Courbs c. To these two preceeding I shall add the Infirmit●● the Flank as Pursyness Chest foundering as also bad Feet which are n●●● either tender of a bad shape or Hoof-bound with this distinction only 〈◊〉 such imperfections and infirmities as happen by accident are not accounted He detary Moreover People should take care that the Stallion be well natured 〈◊〉 tractable in all things otherwise his Race will resemble him which I have 〈◊〉 times had a proof of The Barhs then and Spanish Horses are absolutely the best Stallions for having Horses for all uses as well for a mans own Service as Divertisement unless it be for the Cart whereof there are already too great a number That which I have to say against the Spanish Horses is that they beget Colts of a less Size than themselves neither do the Mares hold so easily to them as to the Barb for of ten Mares covered with a Spanish Horse the one half will not be with Foal which is a considerable loss in a Breed whereas they hold sooner to the Barb providing the Stallions be but six years old for being younger they deceive the Mares Some people would make us beleive that the Barbs and Spantish Genets beget too small Colts in respect that Nature daily dryes up and becomes elder in the first place we in England need not fear to have too small Horses because the coldness and moistness of the Climate joined to the great nourishing Quality of the Grass are the Causes why all our Races produce large Horses As to what people say that Nature dryes daily up I beleive that the Sun is as hot at present as it was the first moment it was Created and that the Earth is also as fertile because if nature had alwise dried up since the Creation we should be at present smaller than the Ants and the poor Ants would have been long ago reduced to nothing Therefore I conclude in favours of the Barbs and Spanish Horses as absolutly the best for Stallions However you are to be warry not to cause cover large Mares with a Stallion of a far less size than themselves upon the above-mentioned Opinion that a Barb being put to large Mares will beget big enough Horses it is true that such Horses will be high but their tallness will only consist in the Legs which will be too high above the ground and their Bodies but very small which hath been found true by Experience but above all see that the Barb you intend to breed upon be short jointed that is to say have short pasterns having also his feet well shap't and proportioned to his Size As for the Mares I should be satisfied you would make choice of some beautiful Spanish Mares to Breed upon or some out of the Kingdom of Naples which are delicatly shap't but if you cannot easily procure of these chuse beautiful English Mares which will be as good as any providing they be of a good Colour and well Marked which is of as much consequence to give a good Tincture to your Breed as the good colour of a Stallion As to what concerns the giving the Mares the Stallion I nowise approve of the letting them be Covered in ones haud tying them and making them fast with ropes as if people intended to force them for this Action of Nature should be performed with freedom and love and not with reluctancy and against their will Neither do I approve of the observation of the Planets as the Moon and other Celestial bodies to wit if the Moon be in her Decrease or Increase or if the other Celestial Bodies be in such and such a Conjunction as if Forsooth Colts were to be begot by Astronomy or according to the Almanack As also to observe from what Airth or Point the Wind Blows for to have a Male or Female or to tye the left Stone of the Stallion to have a Male and the right to have a Female or to place a sheet of such a Colour before the Mare that so she may conceive a Foal of the same Colour all these are false and nothing but Foppish tricks to amuse credulous and simple People by causeing them believe that there lyeth some mystery in them that so themselves may be admired as great Philosophers whereas they are nothing else but Trick players at Pass-pass Nature is most wise in her own Works amongst which the greatest is the Act of Generation by which she preserves each Species thereby to continue it to the end of the World and we see that this wise nature is so circumspect in this Action that although she suffer two different kinds to mix by generation yet that which proceeds therefrom doth not afterwards Generate nor in the least produce any thing because were it otherwayes each true kind or Species would perish let us therefore follow herein the Laws of Nature who is the most wise in the Act of Generation seing it is she that imposes it and not Art When your Stallion is once well chosen three Months at least before the time he is to Cover feed him with good Oats or good Pease or Beans or with course bread and but a little Hay but a good deal

of wheat straw Stepping him out twice a day to the Water and after he hath Drunk walk him up and down an hour without making him sweat that so you may bring him in Wind and it should be about two hours every day that he should be thus walked abroad in some pleasant Field wherein he takes delight if a Stallion were not thus brought in wind before he is made to Cover he would either become pursey and broken-Winded or run a great Risk of being so and were he not well fed he could not perform his Task but 〈◊〉 deceive your Mares or at least the Colts would be but pityful and very weak 〈◊〉 Sine Cerere Baccho friget Venus and although you nourish him very well yet 〈◊〉 will alwayes take him in again abundantly lean if you give him many Mares he 〈◊〉 not serve you so long and his Mane and Tail will fall away through poverty 〈◊〉 you will find difficulty enough to recover and bring him to a good condition 〈◊〉 Body for the year following you are therefore only to give him Mares according to 〈◊〉 strength that is twelve or fifteen and at most twenty Wee should in England cause cover our Mares in the beginning of June that 〈◊〉 they may Foal in May in which Month there is plenty of Grass and which will 〈◊〉 make the Mares have a greater aboundance of Milk for the better nourishing of their Foals Mares go with Foal eleven Months and as many days as they are yee old for example a Mare of nine years old will carry her Foal Eleven Months a●● nine dayes and one of six eleven Months and six dayes so that a man may here by regulate himself in the Causing cover his Mares that so their Foals may 〈◊〉 brought forth at such a time of the year as there will be aboundance of Grass in the Countrey where he intends to keep his Breed It sometimes happens that Mares kill their Foals through carelesness or for hareing been entangled in the stable with their Halters or through the difficulty they have in bringing them forth To assist a Mare at her Delivery now seing you may easily by what hath been sai● guess near at the time when she should Foal you should therefore cause alwayes a Servant attend her that so he may assist in case of necessity and who may observe whether it be for want of strength or courage that the Mare cannot bring forth her Foal in which case he is with his hand to close her Nostrils which will make her press to have breath in making which effort she will be delivered or otherwise let him pour into her Nostrils a little Claret Wine boyl●d with Fennel and Sallad-Oil which will also assist her to bring forth But if through misfortune it be dead in her belly then you are to endeavour to cause her bring forth the dead Foal and also preserve her life by the following remedy take of Mare or Asses Milk or for want of that Goats Milk four pound weight which is about two English Quarts three pounds of strong Claret Wine-Lees Olive Oil two pounds juice of white Onions one pownd mix all together and make it Luke warm after which give it the Mare at twice about a●e hour betwixt each Drench If this remedy have not effect enough then some adroit Person shall anoint his ha●d and arm with Olive Oil and shall endeavour to pull it out either whole or in pi●●●● and if he cannot get a good hold of it then he is to ty about the Chin of the Foal a large and strong Whip-cord and so pull it forth with as much Gentleness as possible Sometimes Foals come forth with their Feet foremost in that case you are to thrust them in again and with your hand endeavour to pull forth its head at least its nose thereby to facilitate the Mares delivery I had these remedies from an old Cavalies who practised them many times upon the Stud-Mares he had a charge of it depends upon your self to make use of them or not upon necessity he was an honest and itgenuous man and he also assured me that he had by this method preserved Mares from whom although having pull'd the dead Foals they yet did not fail afterwards to bring forth very good and beautiful ones You should about the end of May or beginning of June at which time there is commonly abundauce of Grass put your Mares into an Inclusure well Pallissado'd or enclosed with hedges or a stone Wall and which may be capable to feed them the whole time the Stallion is to be with them or that they are in Season in which Inclusure or Pasture all your Mares should be put together as well those which are Barren as others Then lead forth your Stallion having first taken off his hind feet shoes to prevent thereby his hurting the Mares when he kicks or stricks out b●● his Foreshoes must be kept on for the preservation of his Feet then cause him before you turn him loose amongst the Mares to cover one twice in hand to render him the more calm and Gentle after which take off his Bridle and let him go freely to the rest with whom he will become so Familiar and use them so kindly that they will at last make love to him so that not one of them will be hors'd but as they are in Season after he hath served them all he will try them again one by one and will only cover such as willingly receive him he knows very well when they desire no more his Company and when he hath perform'd his Work so that then he begins to beat at the Palissade that he may be gone at which time he is to be removed and your Mares put into a fresh inclosure These are the wise means Nature makes use of and I assure you that of twenty Mares there will not three fail whereas if you caused Cover them in hand the one half would not Hold There should be built in that inclosure wherein the Stallion runs with the Mares a little Lodge for to retire and preserve him from the scorching heats in which there should be also a Manger wherein you are to give him his Oats Pease split Beans Bread or what else he liketh best and he must be alwayes thus had a care of while he is with the Mares which will be about six or seven Weeks and there should be not only to take care of that but also to give you a particular account how your Mares are Hors'd a servant appointed to remain night and day with them for whom there should be built a little Hutt in the same Inclosure for him to lye in he is also to take care that no other horses come to them nor other Mares to your Stallion and to advertise you when any thing extraordinary happeneth but above all to take care to lead the Stallion in time of excessive heats or great sun-shine into the Lodge built

bring up as beautiful and fine Horses as in any part of the World People would with Emulation put this in practice that so they might reestablish those Races and good Breeds of Horses which have been ruined by troublesome times and that without going to seek for horses at excessive rates in forreign Countries they would Breed them up in this seeing certainly the good French Hunters and Gallopers are when well chosen preferable to any horses in the World because they have more Resource more strength and last longer than any Outlandish horses whatsoever Before the year 1600 People made no use of English horses in France and the Mode then was stoned Curtailes so that Henry the Great made use of them in the Wars at Hunting and for all other uses untill one called Quinteret an English man brought over with him some horses to Court where they delight more in Novelties then any where else in the World after which the use of them was brought so much in Fashion that the People of quality thought not themselves well mounted if they were not upon English Horses because they did not find their own Country Horses beautiful and fine enough for their Service and that by reason of the destruction of the Races in France In England they take great care of their Breeds and the French pay them sufficiently for this trouble by buying their Horses at a very dear rate among which as well as elsewhere there are a great many Jads although to tell the real truth there are some English Horses which are excellent and very agreeable but they are not all so and thus much of raising a true Breed of Horses CHAP. LXXX Instructions for fitting all kinds of Horses with proper Bits TO Bit exactly a Horse CHAP LXXX Instructions for bitting all kinds of Horses is to give him such a Bridle as is most agreeable 〈◊〉 him and most proper to gain his consent to those Actions which a 〈◊〉 requires of him without this consent Horses perform nothing agreeable be ause they will have alwayes an aversion to obey so that if the fear of Chaffisence hinders them to defend themselves yet one may perceive by the constrain'd posture 〈◊〉 their Bodies that they only obey with Reluctancy but if a man can once gain their consent by the practice of Methodical Lessons assisted by the help of a proper and convenient Bit he will soon arrive at his proposed End which is to fix and affist to● senfible and Ticklish Mouths to a wake and render light upon the hand the insensible and heavy and bring in and subject those which are too rude and hard To acquire this knowledge a man must know some certain Principles and by them determine to give a Horse one kind of Bit rather as another and a Branch of one Fashion before one of another which is far different from it these principles are what we call Theorte which joyned to a little practice will so clear the way that a man will be capable of himself to fit his Horses with proper Bits without the advice and assistance of any and so arrive at that End which we immediatly propesed But to succeed the better in this he is to endeavour not only to understand the Mouth and Reins of a Horse but also to know his Legs and whether his feet be good or bad yea if possible his very natural inclination and disposition The Bitting of Horses or as some call it the Science where by to know how to 〈◊〉 Horses with proper Bits shall be divided into three parts to wit first in that which considers the peice of Iron which is put in a Horse's mouth and which is termed 〈◊〉 Bit or Bit-mouth Secondly in that which considers the Branches which are these longest parts of the Bridle that appear outwardly and Thirdly in that which respects the C●rb which is a kind of Chain fastned to the Branch and which rests in a place as it were appointed by nature for it a little above the Beard The Bit Mouth produces the Appuy which is a Horse's Rest on the hand and from which is Derived any obedience can be drawn from him The Branch which worketh its effect upon the Mouth of the Bit serves to bring in and place a horses head and Neck The Curb is that Chain without which the Branch would have no operation upon the Mouth of the Bit. So you see that these three parts have such a Dependance upon each other that the Mouth doth not operate but by the help of the Branch and the Branch hath no effect but by the assistance of the Curb Plate 2 Part i. Chap. 8i Fig 1 Un Filet A Snaffle or small watering Bitt Fig 2. Un Simple Canon ou Canon à Couplet A plain round or Canon Mouth and only joynted in the Middle to make a kind of Liberty for the Tongue Fig 3. Un Canon à Trompe A round or Canon-Mouth all of one piece and only kneed in the midle to make a Liberty for the Tongue Fig 4. The Canon à ●orge de Pigeon A round or Canon Mouth with the Liberty after the Forme of a Pigeons Neck Fig 5. Un Canon Montant A round or Canon Mouth with an Upset or Mounting Liberty Fig 6. Une Escache Montante A plain or simple S●●tch Mouth with an Upset or Mounting Liberty Fig 7. Les Olives à Couplet A Mouth with two long turning Olives coupled in the Middle Fig 8. Une Escache à Col D'Oye Avec une Bavette A S●●tch Mouth with the Liberty after the Forme of a Gooses Neck and having a Slabbering Bit hanging down from the middle of its Liberty Fig 9. Canon à Compas A round or Canon Mouth having the joyning of its Upset or Mounting Liberty after the Forme of the joynt of a pair of Compasses Fig 10. Un Canon à Col D'Oye Là Liberté Gagneé A round or Canon Mouth the Liberty gained out of the thickness of the heels and after the Forme of a Gooses neck Fig 11. Un Canon à Basculle A round or Canon mouth all of one piece only the two sides of the Mouth move forewards and backwards upon the two ends of the Liberty by the help of two Pivots Fig 12. Un Escache à Pignatelle ou à pas d'Asne La Libert●● A Sc●tch Mouth with the Libery gained out of the thickness of the Heels and eitehr after Mons Pignatell's Fashion or after the forme of an Ass's Tread Fig 13. Un Canon à pas d'Asne La Liberté gagneé A round or Canon Mouth all of one piece with the Liberty gained out of the thickness of the heels and after the Forme of an Asses Tread Fig 14. Les Olives-Tambours à Pignatelle A Mouth with small turning Drums rounded upon the edges after the forme of an Olive and having also little moving Rings upon the out-sides of them wth the Liberty after Mons Pignatell's Fashion Fig 15. Une Escache à Boulton à Melon

a greater quantity and rather give him less as he desiteth then more also that he may be brought the sooner to take it mix the meat he loveth worst with that he liketh best till both be made alike familiar and so shall your Horse be a stranger to nothing that is good and wholsome 2. Observations from the State and Condition of his body Both laward and Outward OUR Keeper must observe that the strongest state of body which is generally accounted to be that which is highest and fullest of flesh so it be good hard and without inward foulness is alwayes the best and ablest for the performance of great Matches Yet herein he must also consider two things the first the shape of the horses body the second his inclinations and manner of feeding For the shape of the horses body there are some who are of a round plump and closs knit shape so that they will appear fat and well shaped when they are lean and in poverty others again are raw boned slender and looss knit and will appear lean and deformed when they are fat foul and full of gross humours So likewise for their inclinations some horses in feeding will grow plump and lusty outwardly and carrie as we say a thick Rib when they are inwardly lean as may be and others will appear outwardly lean to the eye when they are inwardly full of grease Now in this case our Feeder hath two helps the first outward and the second inward whereby he may be alwayes kept from being deceived with such false appearances The outward help is the outward handling and feeling the horses body generally over all his Ribs but particularly upon his short or hindermost ribs and if his flesh feel generally soft and loose and the fingers sink into it as into down then is he without all question foul but if he be universally hard and firm and only upon the bindermost rib is softness then he hath grease and foul matter within him which he must be made ridd of how lean and poor so ever he seem in outward appearance As for the Inward help it is only sharp Exercise and good and Beneficial Seourings for the first you are sure will dissolve the foulness and the later will not fail to bring it away 3. Observations from Sweat OUR Keeper should take a special notice in all his Airings Heatings and other Exercises whatsoever of the Horses Sweat and causes of it for if he Sweat upon little or no Occasion as walking a Foot pace standing still in the Stable and the like It is then Apparent that the Horse is faint foul fed and wanteth Exercise but if upon good Occasion as strong Heats great Labour and the like he Sweat yet his Sweat is white and frothie and like Sope suds then is he yet inwardly foul and also wanteth Exercise but if his Sweat be black and as it were only water thrown upon him without any frothieness then is he clean fed in good Lust and good Case so that you may adventure Riding without danger 4. Observations from the Hair OUR Keeper shall also observe his Coat or Hair in general but especially his Neck and such parts as are uncovered and if the Hair ly slick smooth and closs and also keep the Beauty of its natural Colour then is he in good case but if it be rough and staring or discoloured then is he inwardly cold at the Heart and wanteth both Cloaths and warm keeping 5. Observations from the Privy Parts OUR Keeper must observe his Horses Stones for if they hang down side or low from his Body then is he out of Lust and Heart and is either sick of Grease or other foulness but if they ly closs couched up and are contained in a small room then he is Healthful and in good plight and Vigour 6. Observations from the Limbs OUR Keeper must observe to Rub and Bath frequently his Horses Leggs especially the night before he runneth either his Heat or Match and that from the Knees and Gambrels downwards with either clarified Doggs Grease Marrow Head and Feet good Brandy or Spirit of Wine any of which are very good and let him work them well in with his hands and not with fire for what he gets not in of the Oyntments at first rubbing will be got in next Morning and what is not got in the next morning will be got in when he cometh to uncloath near the Starting post and before he beginneth his Heat so that he needs not to use the Oyntment but once before each beat but the Rubbing as often as he shall find Opportunity 7. Observations from the Ground to Run in OUR Keeper shall observe that if the Ground whereon he is to run his Match be dangerous and apt for mischievous Accidents as Strains Over reaches Sinew bruises and the like that then he is not bound to give all his Heats upon it but having made his Horse only acquaint with the nature thereof shall take a part of the Course as a mile or two or more according to the goodness of the Ground and so run him out and in which we call turning Heats taking alwayes care that he end and finish his Heat at the weighing or starting post And also that he make not his Course less or shorter but rather longer then that he is to run upon his Match day but if for some special Reasons he take no part of the Course as because his Horse is subject to Lameness or tender footed and apt to Surbate then he may many times but not alwayes give his Heat upon any other good Ground where the Horse may lay down his Feet streatch his Body and run at pleasure 8. Observations for Watering OUR Keeper shall also observe that albeit I have given no Directions for Watering after Heats yet he may in any of the last fortnights finding his Horse clean and his Grease quite consumed give him water somewhat late at night being made luke-warm and letting him fast-an hour after it also if at any time else thorrow the unseasonableness of the weather you cannot water abroad then you shall at your ordinary Watering hours water in the House with warm water as aforesaid throwing a handful of Wheat Bran or Oat Meal but Oat Meal is the best into the water which you will find to be very goo dand wholesome for your Horse Many other Observations there are but these are the chief and most material and I hope sufficient for any ordinary Understanding And thus much of the True and Modern Method of preparing a Running Horse which I hope you shall find hold good when tryed Let us in the next place consider the other Method set down by Mr. Solizel which is a little more Ancient And is as followeth SECONDLY A Method to prepare Running Horses somewhat more Ancient than the Former and set down by Mr. Solizel at the close of the second Part in the French Impression of the Parfait Mareschal IN England

sayeth our Author they have Horses which are only designed and kept for performing of great Courses and they delight so much in this Divertisement that they dyet Horses expresly for it so that their Horses who are naturally well Winded and extreamly swift are put into such a Condition by this manner of Preparation that they perform Courses which are Incredible and that not at a slow or round Gallop as our Horses but at full speed so that people who have never seen it can scarsely be perswaded that any Horse could endure and hold out with the violence of such Courses for five or six miles and yet many Horses in that Kingdom are known to furnish Carriers of that length I have never put this Method I am going to show you in practise my self and therefore shall only insert it at the end of this Book upon the honest Word and Recommendation of a brave Cavaleer who assuren me he had it in England from a person whose only Imployment it was to prepare and dyet Running Horses which Horses are neither charged with fat nor too much flesh but are so vigorous and hearty that they can scarsely be paralleled if your Curiosity lead you to make tryal of this Method I hope that observing exactly what followeth you shall find Contentment To choose then a Horse for Running he should be somewhat long Bodyed Nervous of great Mettle and very swift and who also besides ahving a good Wind should be sensible of and obedient to the Spurrs and have a good Appetite the Horse likewayes notwithstanding of all these Qualities should be of an English Bread a Borb or at least of a little size having pretty small Leggs but the back sinews well detached and separate from the bone short Jovnted and neat and well shap'd feet for bigg feet are not at all for this Imployment Now to prepare a Horse after this Method for a Match you must give him neither H●● nor Oats but cause make Bread for him of half Barly and half Beans baking them in form of large and pretty thick Cakes and not giving them to the Horse until they be a few dayes old and rather hard and stale then new three pound at sixteen ounces in the pound at twelve aclock and three pound at night is sufficient for him in twenty four hours and that in place of his Oats or provender in stead of Hav let him have Wheat-sheaves 〈◊〉 and with the eats upon 〈◊〉 luke warm water to drink upon which you shall throw a hand● full or two of Bean and Barley meal mixed together keep him well covered with a sheet and covering above it in a Stable where he hath no light and let him be well littered and kept warm night and day Having thus nourished and fed him for four dayes upon the morning of the fifth day having keept him upon the bridle for three hours before give him balls made of a pound of fresh Butter at sixteen ounces in the pound That is so soon as ever the Cream is turned to Burter and before it be washt or salted then put to it twenty five or thirty Cloves of Garlick bruised and being all well mixed make balls of the bigness of large Wall-nuts which you shall make your horse swallow with an English quart or Scots chopin of white Wine afterwards keep him tyed up in the bridle his bead pretty high for three hours then feed him according to your ordinary custome with his Bread warm Water and Wheat sheaves but with the Wheat sheaves only moderately because you are not to fatten him but upon the contrary by diminishing and hardning his flesh to augment and encrease his Wind and Vigour Upon the seventh day that is the second day after the taking of his pills or balls Air him abroad just after Sun rising for the space of an hour and as much at night before Sun set sometimes racking or steping and sometimes galloping him but if he continue too far then you must take him abroad in the morning an hour before Sun rising and in the evening keep him also abroad for an hour after the Sun is set then bringing him back to the stable rub and cover him well and give him his ordinary portion of Food And thus continue to Air and Exercise him every day giving him alwayes every fifth day his pound of butter made up with garlick into balls And also observing not to Air or take him Abroad neither the day that he taketh his balls nor the day following When he hath taken three dozes of his Garlick balls that is fifteen days after you first begun to put him in keeping you are to Exercise him for two hours in the morning and as much at night sometimes at full speed then at a good gallop and afterwards at a step that so he may again recover his Wind Remembring and taking care as I have already told you neither to Air him that day he taketh his Balls nor the day thereafter but upon the other dayes when you have Gallopt him hard you are to dismount and lead him home in your hand well covered and when you are come to the stable rub and wipe him all over until he be perfectly dry then let him stand upon his Bridle his head being tyed up for three Hours after which give him his Water to drink which must be made more as look warm then feed him as at other times and thus you are to order and keep him for a month giving him alwayes his Pills or Garlick Balls every fifth day but the last five or six dayes of the Month you are to run and Gallop him as sharply as his wind will allow him giving him Listenings now and then in running to take his wind and continue also his exercise but only for two hours in the Morning and as much at night leading him alwayes back to the Stable in your hand having first covered him well with a Sheet and Covering and then rubbing and drying him well let him have his water and meat as I have already shewed you If after all this you observe that his Dung is still slimy and viscous it is a signe that he is not as yet well prepared you are therefore in that case to continue his dyet Pills and former exercise until you find that his dung come from him pretty dty and without humidity and then will your Horse be in a condition to make and perform what Courses you have a mind for Two nights before the Match he shall be put in the Muzzel all night and about two a Clock in the Morning you shall give him three English Pints or three Scots Mutchkins of Sack in which you must beat twenty or twenty five Yolks of new laid Eggs then ty him up to the Rack for two full hours after he hath taken it after which mount his back and immediatly put him to a gentle Gallop then to a full speed as long as his wind will allow it afterwards to

A short Description of the different kinds of Outlandish Horses page 8. Chap VII Of the Spanish Mules page 12. Chap VIII Of the Curiosity and Care which most of the Abovementioned Kingdoms take in keeping and Ornamenting their Horses page 13 Chap IX What Stature or Size of Horses is best and most convenient either for the Wa●s a single Combat or any thing else As also at what Age it is most proper to begin to work a Horse either for the Warrs or Mannage page 14 Chap X. What Equipage is most proper for the Horse and most commodious for the Horseman page 15 Chap XI Of the true and perfect seat which a Man should keep upon Horseback page 17 Chap XII Of Backing a Colt or Young Horse page 18 Chap XIII A Discourse of Bitts with some General Directions to know and make choise of those which are universally most proper for all Horses page 19 Chap XIV Of the Operation of the Bitt in several Circumstances page 21 Chap XV. Of the Trench or Watering Bitt Snaffle Martongal and false Reins page 23 Chap XVI Of the Cavezon its Operation and Vse page 24 Chap XVII Of the several Helps and Corrections with Body Voice Spurrs Rod Calfs of the Leggs c. page 26 Chap XVIII Of rewarding and punishing Horses and that Fear doth much but Love little page 30 Chap XIX That opposition in Horses against the Rider is for the most part a signe of Strength and Spirit pag 31 Chap XX What it is maketh a Horse go by Rote or Routine and how to remedy it page 32 Chap XXI A true Description of all the Natural Paces page 32 Chap XXII Of all the Artificial Motions which a Horse can make page 36 Chap XXIII The true Method of suppling a Horses shoulders or working at first either Colts young Horses or old ignorant Horses upon large Circles d'une Piste or of one Tread page 37 Chap XXIV How to stop a Horse and make him go back page 39 Chap XXV How to make a Horse sensible and Obedient to the Heels or to answer exactly the Spurrs page 41 Chap XXVI The True and exact Method to make a Horse go Terra a Terra justly and in Perfection page 46 Chap XXVII Of the Piroyte page 47 Chap XXVIII Of Passads page 48 Chap XXIX Of Corvets and how to dress a Horse perfectly upon them without a Pillar which is the surest wa● page 49 Chap XXX Of Leaping Horses and how to dress them page 52 Chap XXXI A new and pretty invention to dress Horses upon all Apres by the help of one single Pillar page 54 Chap XXXII A short recapitulation of what hath been already said concerning the dressing of Horses which if got by heart and punctually practised will give a man such insight in the Art as that he will seldom fail to make and dress any Horse that shall come to his hands page 55 Chap XXXIII A Discourse of Ambling and how to teach a Horse the true and perfect strok of the Amble page 60 Chap XXXIV Of the vices and imperfections of Horses and how to prevent and remedy them page 65 Chap XXXV Of Running Horses and how to dyet them for a Match page 71 FINIS THE Compleat Horse man Part the 2d AN ADVERTISEMENT BY THE PUBLISHER LEst the Reader shou'd think it strange why the Second Part of this Book does not only carry a different Title from the First but is also call'd the First Part as well as that which is really the First It is thought fit to give him in this place the Reason of it which in short is this About a Year ago it happen'd that the Translation of this excellent Book was undertaken by two different Persons the one in Scotland and the other in England without either of 'em knowing or so much as in the least suspecting one another's Design however when they came to understand that both of 'em had the same Project on Foot they judg'd it convenient not only to communicate their Designs to one another but also to discover what Progress each of 'em had made in it and it very luckily so fell out that they did not both begin their Translations at one and the same Part but that the First Part which was Englished in Scotland by Sir William Hope and which is truly the First Part as the Book came at first from Monsieur Solleysel's own Hands as the Reader may see more at large in the Preface happen'd to be that Part which was last to be Translated by the Undertaker in England whereupon they judg'd it most convenient both for the speedy publishing of so useful a Book and to save themselves a great deal of unnecessary Trouble and Charges to join their Translations together thereby to compleat more quickly this Impression which has been so much long'd for This is the true Reason not only of the two Parts having different Titles but also of both of 'em being call'd the First And as it cannot be deny'd but that that Part translated in Scotland carries the truest Title so likewise the Title of that done in England is made good by the Excellent Collection of Horsemanship subjoin'd by way of Supplement to the First Part by Sir William Hope So that at present by this Addition of his any Gentleman may be made by the serious Perusal of this Book not only a Skilful and Compleat Farrier but also an Vnderstanding and Compleat Horseman which I think makes both the Titles to correspond abundantly well with the general Scope and Design of the Book and may sufficiently satisfie any Judicious and Candid Reader who certainly will or at least should value more the Goodness and Excellency of the Matter than the Omission of a little stiff and precise Regularity in the Form especially when committed by so very unexpected an Accident as that of the Translation being undertaken at one and the same time by Persons living in different Kingdoms And for the Reader 's more easie finding out the Chapters and Sections of this Second Part which are quoted in the First the Translator of the First Part designing to reduce his Second had he gone on with it into Chapters and Sections which however is not done in this Edition of the Second Part the Undertaker in England not falling upon that Method here immediately follows the Table of Contents which mentions the Chapters and Sections and directs to the Pages where they are to be found besides the Alphabetical Table of the Diseases and Remedies at the End exactly after the same Manner as they are quoted in the First Part which makes this Second Part although not subdivided into Sections to answer altogether as well to the Citations of the First as if both of 'em had been done by the same Hand THE CONTENTS OF THE SECOND PART CHAP. I. OF the Diseases of Horses and their Remedies page 1 CHAP. II. Observations concerning the Signs of Sickness in a Horse p. 5 CHAP. III. Of the