Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	ambassador_n	king_n	scotland_n	2,962	5	8.7134	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02833	An aduertiseme[nt] to the subjects of Scotland of the fearfull dangers threatned to Christian states; and namely, to Great Britane, by the ambition of Spayne: with a contemplation, of the truest meanes, to oppose it. Also, diverse other treatises, touching the present estate of the kingdome of Scotland; verie necessarie to bee knowne, and considered, in this tyme: called, The first blast of the trumpet. Written by Peter Hay, of Naughton, in North-Britane.	Hay, Peter, gentleman of North-Britaine.	1627 (1627)	STC 12971; ESTC S118431	133,365	164

into Africke they did sende Hanniball with strong Forces into Italie to keepe them at home where-of sayeth the same Scipio in the same place and to the same purpose Sed quid veteribus externisque exemplis opus est majus praesentiusque ●llum esse exemplum quant Hanniball potest From the same ground yet the Romanes by sending of Scipio to make VVarre in Africke made Hanniball constrainedlie to bee called out of Italie Quasi eodem telo saepius retorto sayeth one as by a naturall necessarie and ordinarie meane for keeping of anie State peaceable and free from Enemie-Invasion namelie of the weaker from the more mightie For even in lyke manner when the great Persian Monarchs did often afflict the weake and dismembered Estates of Greece gaping at length after the conquest of all Agesilaus King of Lacedemon pitying his Countreys Calamit●e and to divert those mightie Kinges from Greece he did put him-selfe with a maine Armie into the midst of Persia where hee did so daunt the pryde of Xerxes that it behooved him to practise the same Policie for Liberation of his Kingdomes from Forraigne Powers hee sent 10000 great pieces of Golde bearing the Image of an Archer on the one side the current Stampe then of his Coyne to corrupt as it did the Orators of Athens and Thebes and concitate the People to make Warre to Lacedemon in absence of their King and Countreyes Forces where-vpon the Ephorie were compelled to recall Agesilaus who in his returning saide that 10000 Persian Arcbers had chased him out of Asia Againe of the lyke practise to this of Xerxes with Athens and Thebes for mooving and keeping of Warres in Enemie-Countreyes that wee may remaine within our selues free from their Invasion wee reade in the Histories of Scotland that the renowned Prince Charles Magne having an holie and Christian Resolution to prosecure as hee did Warres against the Barbarians and finding the English begun in their prosperitie to crosse the Seas and to molest the Borders of his Kingdome of France hee sent Ambassadours to Aebains King of Scotland to negotiate with him a perpetuall League in these Termes that when-so-ever the English should molest either of their Countreyes the other should moue Warre to England and so constraine them to call home their Armies Which after great Controversies of Opinions amongst the Scottish Nobilitie and frequent Orations of the French Ambassadours was finallie concluded and stood to by their Successours in all tyme following with often mutuall Advantages against their Common Enemie For late Examples I haue alreadie tolde you how King Philip made Warres in France and intended against England and that to the ende they should retire their Forces from Portugall Hanniball did ever affirme namelie to King Antiochus that it was impossible to vanquish the Romanes but at home in Italie as the same Livius doeth testifie Now I thinke yee will come to the Hypothesis and put mee to prooue that the Spanyard is that mightie Enemie who intendeth to trouble this Kingdome That hee is mightie a great deale aboue that which wee would wish I haue alreadie showed and that hee is our Enemie not onelie by actions intended or projected but diverslie alreadie attempted these are the Circumstances which doe qualifie it First he is Enemie to all Christian States by the vniversalitie of his Ambition Ergo also to vs Secondlie his Grandsire Philip the second did once obtaine a matrimoniall right to the Crowne of England by his marriage with Queene Marie Thirdlie a Papall right by excommunication of Queene Elizabeth Fourthlie hee did set foorth a great Armada to haue reconquered it as is before rehearsed Fyftlie hee hath ever since and as I thinke doeth yet maintaine with-in it a claudestine Traffique of Iesuites and Seminarie Priests to alienate the Hearts of Subjects from their naturall King or to keepe them vmbragious and suspended in myndes vntill his better occasion And I doe thinke that besides Ambition puissing him there-vnto there bee no Neighbour-States that hee so much feareth by reason of their strong and skilfull Navigation as yee will heare heere-after more particularlie But this King that nowe is in Spayne hath proceeded farther hee hath reft and taken away the whole estate of the Palatine who is Brother-in-law to His Majestie our Soveraigne and by that deede hath made this Warre to bee defensiue to vs Non enim nobis solum nati c. Wee are not onelie borne to our selues but our Prince our Parents our Children our Friendes Common-wealth and Religion everie of these haue their owne part and interesse in vs and all these together doe concurre to move vs to so just a Warre so far that if that Prince Palatine were not linked to vs by so near Allyance and by communion of one Fayth yet Tum tua res agitur paries dum proximus ardet the propulsion of a fearfull Enemie approaching nearer to our Coastes and seeking to do mineire over all is sufficient enough to make all the braue Heartes of Christendome to boyle Besides these hee hath put vpon vs intollerable Indignities in a verie high degree hee hath made vs by false and persidious Promises to bee as indifferent beholders of his conquest of the Pal●tinate yea more to facilitate his engresse there-to hee hath made vs to seeke Peace perhaps to haue beene accepted vpon disadvantagious Conditions and hath refused the same And hee who refuseth Peace by necessarie consequence doeth intende Warre The marriage of our King hath beene agitated by him and illuded and hee who doeth containe so neare friendship of Neighbours appearinglie intendeth to bee their Superiour And so hee hath left vs no hope of Peace but in Armes therefore wee may conclude with that Captaine of the Volsques of whom I spake before Iustum est Bellum quibus est necessarium pia Arma quibus nulla nis● 〈◊〉 Armi● relinquitur spes Their Warre is just whose Warre is necessarie and their Armes bolie to whom there is no hope relinquished but in Armes Since then I holde it granted that of necessitie there must bee Warres it followeth to consider the Forces to bee employed there-to and those must either bee properlie our owne or of conjoyned Confederates Wee are bred into and doe inhabite a Northerne Region naturallie generatiue of great Multitudes of more bellicole kynde and of more robust Bodies than those of the Southerne Climates And al-be-it wee haue for the first face but small opinion of our vulgar sort because an hard condition of living hath some-what dejected their Hearts during these late vnfruitfull Yeares yet there bee manie strong Persons of Men amongst them who pressed for the Milice and once made acquainted there-with and being fred from the Povertie and Basenesse of their carriage they will more gladlie follow the Warres than the Plough Wee haue numbers of braue Gentle-men wanting vertuous Employments and for the most part necessarie Meanes Wee reade in our Countrey Annals how our auncient

vnderstand more of it he may finde a Treatise done at large on that subject by Reginaldus Consalvus Montanus De Artibus Sanctae Inquisitionis Hispanicae one who hath for manie Yeares knowne and behelde it with his Eyes The next thing that King Philip went about was the joyning of Portugall to the other Kingdomes of Spayne alreadie in his Possession and there-by to make the Bodie of that Monarchie perfect and entire and finding nothing that could serue him for pretext or colour to moue open Warres the King there-of Don Sebestian being his neare Cosin of one Religion free from anie Controversies with him for Dominion and knowing the saide Sebestian to haue a Kinglie and cowragious Mynde with-all hardie and temerarious hee did corrupt and suborne some of his chiefest Favorites to puisse him to the enlarging of his Conquests in Africke against the Moores where-of his Predecessours had alreadie layde so good Foundations and for his easier inducement there-to hee did promise him large ayde both of Souldiours of Money And when Don Sebestian had embarked himselfe for Africke and did expect the arrivall of the promised Succours hee found nothing but Letters of new expectation while in the meane time Philip did practise by Claudestine meanes both discontentment and Mutinie with-in his owne Armies and Treyes with the Barbarian Kings against whom hee went Where-vpon ensued the overthrow and death of the saide Prince without Children in that Battell which hee fought against the Kings of Fesse and Moroco after the which the Portugals did receiue the next lawfull Heyre to their Crowne Don Antonio whom the saide Philip did eject by open Warre and Violence and forced the Subjects to declare himselfe righteous Successour of that Kingdome by his Mother Then hee perceiving that King Henrie the third of France did sende a Sea-Armie to Portugall in favours of Don Antonio hee resolved to stirre vp and kindle a civill Warre in France that might constraine them to forbeare the farther assaulting of his new Conquest in Portugall and by a publicke deliberation with his Counsell in the Citie of Tison Anno 1577 hee layde the grounds of that Confederacie called The Holie League which did almost reduce in Ashes that auncient and flowrishing Kingdome of France And to that effect sent thither secret Practises with 200000 Crownes to draw and assure to his Course the chiefest of the Nobilitie and Gentrie Catholicke which did succeede well enough to his Mynde and to the great Dangers and Disasters of all the Neighbour-States of Europe as the Stories doe at length record And then that those who were enraged by him to Armes should not want an Enemie on whō they might consume thē-selues he sent also to negotiate privatelie with King Henrie the fourth of France being then styled King Of Navarre and Head of the Protestant Faction in France offering to marrie the saide King's Sister whose Children to Philip should succeede to the Kingdome of Navarre with the Yles of Majorque Minorque and Sardinia also that the saide King of Navarre should haue in marriage the Infanta of Spayne eldest Daughter of Philip with condition to bee established King of Guyene at the adventure and charges of Philip and with-all should haue the Right and Possession of the Duchte Milan with a present advancement of 200000 Crownes for the provision of Forces competent against his Enemies of the League Who doeth not see by these the insatiable thirst of wicked Ambition after the Blood of their Neighbours never an hungrie Beare did hunt more fiercelie for to fill his Panches than hee was enraged for the Conquest of France But the saide King of Navarre guided by a better Spirit did refuse all these Ouvertures as treacherous and tending to the dissipation of France with-in it selfe that it should bee more open and obnoxious for the Spanish invasion And by his refusall hee layde the first Stone where-vpon there-after hee did builde his reconciliation with as manie Papists as were true hearted French-men and his Peace with his Predecessour King Henrie the third to whom hee did impart all these secret practises Anno 1583 and who permitted him to assemble the whole Reformed Churches of France at Montaban the yeare there-after for tryall and punishment of the Negotiators of the same For by this tyme the sayd King Henrie the third was begun with bitter Griefe and Repentance to acknowledge his Errour in retiring his Forces from Portugall which he was forced to doe by the furie and hote persecution of the Leaguars And the yeare 1589 he did send Ambassadours to the Queene of England who was alreadie engaged to the protection of Don Antonio to treat with her that shee would sende him backe to Portugall with a Sea-Armie promising for him-selfe to joyne there-vnto 5000 Men never-the-lesse that hee was then mightilie agitated with the manie Forces of the League and that the hottest Flames thereof did burne about his Eares having even then surprysed the lyues of the Duke and Cardinall of Guyse at Blois This was easilie obtained of the saide Queene who perceiving well that there was no other way to free her owne Countreyes the Spanish Armie having threatned her Coasts the yeare before nor to liberate her Confederates of France and the Netherlands from the Tyrannie and Oppression of Spayne but by making VVarres to him in Spaine shee did set foorth with Don Antonio an Armie for Portugall vnder two Generals the Lord Noris for the Land and Darke for the Seas together with the Earle of Essex But nothing of importance was performed by that Armie the Causes where-of are diverslie agitated and alleadged the English Historie affirming that their Generals then had no warrand to make Warre except that they had seene an vniversall Revolt of the Portugals from the Spaniard to Don Antonio their King where-of say they there was no appearance But Antonio Peres in his Treatise to the French King vpon that Subject doeth impute the Causes to Mislucke and Misgovernament the Lingering and Longsomnesse of the Voyage their lying manie dayes at Plimmouth and manie at the Groine where-by the Enemie had too much leasure to fortifie him-selfe a mortalitie of their People where-of their best Canoniers and other Souldiours died the want of Horses and Wagons for transportation from the coast of Lisbone so that they were forced to quite great part of their Armes and in place there-of carrie Bottels of VVyne and other things for their mayntaynance The distraction of the Sea-Generall Drake from the Land-Generall who when hee should haue entered the Port of Lisbone finding a Fleet of Easterlings to passe by him hee set him-selfe to the hazard of that Prey neglecting al-together the Enterpryse against Lisbone About the which when the Land-Armie did lye in siedge there was a great confluence as hee sayth of the Portugals to Don Antonio but by reason they were addressed in base and course Apparell they were esteemed by the English to bee but Commons and

none of the Gentrie and therefore contemned But sayeth hee if the Enterpryse had beene followed the Towne of Lisbone had beene taken in most easilie for that the Cardinall of Austria who commanded within and so manie Castilians as were vnder him were readie to leaue it vpon the first arrivall of Drake with-in the Harberie that hee had alreadie hyred thirtie Galleyes for his transportation and that with such seare and consternation that hee conduced to giue them 300 Duckates a-piece for three leagues of Sea Alwayes in the diversitie of opinions concerning that Voyage for my part I doe more trust the English Historie for two as I thinke infallible Reasons first the World knoweth that in those dayes there was not in Christendome a more solide sure and reverenced Counsell than was in England so that it is not to bee doubted of that which their Historie beareth That their Generals of that Armie did obey their Warrand Secondlie I finde Antonio Peres contrarie to him-selfe for first hee sayeth That by the longsomnesse of the English Navie the Enemie had leasure to provyde and guard him-selfe Secondlie sayeth hee the whole Gentrie of Portugall did repare to joyne with Don Antonio and the English Armie But heere I doe trap and convict him from his owne mouth If as hee sayeth the Spanyard had leasure at his pleasure to provide for him-selfe who then is so simple as to thinke but hee did in the meane tyme remoue from Portugall the Nobilitie namelie the Favourers of Don Antonio with the whole Gentrie without the leaving of anie Man sufficient to allure a Multitude or to leade them to a revolt I thinke hee hath forgotten him-selfe a little here out of an ardor of his spirit to haue removed all shew of impediment to the French King for putting of Warres in Portugall In the meane-tyme thus farre may bee said That as Obedience and Discipine militarie in the Bodie of an Armie vnder a trustie and skilfull Generall is of that importance in actions of Warre as sine quo nihil a point where-in lyeth the chiefe Suretie and Successe of all things except of Fortune Yet a strict limitation of Generals hath for the most part marred both good Fortunes and good Successes of Warre where the Opportunities Advantages and Ouvertures are meerelie casuall and inpendent from precise tymes To prescribe to their Generals was not the custome of the Wyse Valiant and fortunate Romanes Sed videant ne quid Resp. detrimenti cap●at And what should haue become of that great State if their Generall Fabius Maximus had not so stiffelie followed his private will of cunctation and protracting of tyme with Hannibal contemning the infamous Reproaches and Exclamations both of Senate and People against him namelie of his Magistrum equitum Whom if hee had not at length rescued in his temerarious Recountre with Hannibal he had perished with all those whom hee commanded Now what were the Practises lyke-wise of Philip even then also in England and Scotland by Corruption and Iesuisticke Artes to haue drawne the Subjectes of both Kingdomes to vnnatural Revolts from their Soveraigne Princes It is better known than that I need heere to make mention of it I wish the Wryters of our Countreyes Historie may over-passe that Interlude of those Insidious tymes as Lucan did the Cruelties vnnatural committed mutuallie amongst the Romanes at Pharsalia Quicquid in hac acie gessisti Roma tacebo saide hee By these few Circumstances shortlie related of the progresse of the Spanish Empyre wee may easilie and vsefullie obserue these three things first the growing and fearfull greatnesse there-of as it standeth at this day Maximilian Emperour and Duke of Austria did marrie Catherine only Chyld and Successor of Charles Duke of Burgundie where-by were annexed the 17 Provinces of the Nether-lands to Austria Of this Marriage issued Philip who being Duke of Austria Burgundie and Flanders did marrie the Heretrix of Castile Daughter of Ferdinando and Isobella the Mother of Charles the fift and so did conjoyne the Estates fore-saide vnto the Crowne of Castile Charles the fift by his owne Vertue did super-adde vnto it the Kingdome of Peru the Dutchie of Milan the peaceable Possession of the Kingdome of Naples and the Kingdome of Sicilia with the Yles of Sardinia Majorque Minorque and their Possessions which they yet haue into the Westerne Indees His Sonne againe Philip the second of whom I speake besydes that hee had once within his Clawes France and England which both hee lost againe hee did conjoyne with these that which made the integritie and perfection of the Spanish Empyre Portugall the importance where-of may be remarked by these three first by their glorious Conquests before rehearsed into the Levant into Africke and through the maine Occean Secondlie by the great multitudes of People which doe inhabite the Territories there-of Antonio Peres doeth affirme that vnder Sebestian their last King of whom I haue before remembered there were thorow-out the Realmes of Portugall vnder militarie Discipline 1200 Companies of Foot-men where-of there was no Gentle-man other than Commanders and in everie Companie at least 200. Which being allowed doeth amount jumpe to 240000 Men. And that Portugall did yearlie send out to their Conquests 6000 Men where-of the third part did never turne home againe Thirdlie by the Riches there-of it being affirmed by him that their Kings did in this one point of Greatnesse surpasse all the Princes of Europe being able in halfe an houre to giue vnto their Subjects ten or fifteene Millions or more to bee received by Ticquets for dispatches of Governourships Captainships Receits Offices Licences to make Voyages by Sea to the Indees and Yles of the Occean But heere I judge that hee hath beene too large out of a great fervour to perswade Christian Princes to set their Hearts vpon so noble a Prey at least-wise to provyde and prevent that it should not fall into the hands of their Common Enemie But certainlie the best part of these are well approved to bee true by this that Philip the second of Spaine did put him-selfe at so great expence for the purchase and prefervation of Portugall by kindling and feeding the Fyre of Civill Warres through Christendome namelie in France and Flanders exhausting to that ende the richest Mines that bee vnder the Heaven and by making so ignominious and impious Peace with Insidels to bee the more able to maintaine Portugall and to incroach farther on Christian Neighbours Vnder King Philip the third againe his sonne there was no accession indeede to this Empyre The mightiest Conquerers that ever haue beene in the Nature and Necessitie of things needed their owne Intervals Cessation and Repose for breeding of new Fortitude and Strength and anie Man may finde into the Romane Warres there hath beene at diverse tymes longer Intervalles of Peace and now wee see that this present King of Spaine after these Refreshments is begun to rake and extende the Marches of his

Dominions The second thing to bee observed by the former Discourse is the prowde Designe and large Extent of the Spanish Ambition when this King of whom I treat Philip the second durst together and at once adventure to set him-selfe a-worke for the purchase of Portugall France the Netherlands England and Scotland who should doubt or call it in question that by length of Tyme they intende not to subjugate the whole Estates of Christendome Wee finde it written by them-selues that when hee was about the taking in of Portugall being demanded by one of his greatest Favourites what was the reason why hee did neglect his thinges of East India and suffer Friezland and so manie good Townes to bee invaded and possessed of Heretickes his Enemies and all to maintaine the League and Civill Warres in France Where-vnto hee aunswered That those might bee forgotten for a tyme because the setling of Portugall did import no lesse to him than the securitie of his whole Empyre which once done hee would easilie make all those his Neighbours to become his Homagers and Tributaries yea it was the common Theame of Discourse amongst his Captaines and Souldiours both in Italie Flanders and France or where ever they were That since Portugall was now theirs that France and England could not escape them And more which is a publicke Testimonie the Wryters of the Spanish Storie affirme thus farre That if it had not beene that the saide King Philip had resolved before anie thing to brydle Portugall hee should haue before then sufficientlie daunted France and haue put strong Armies in England Farther the Extent of this Ambition of Spayne is clearlie seene by their Authoritie vsurped over the Consistorie of Rome where they haue made them-selues perpetuall Dictators which is one of the surest Fundaments of the encrease of their Grandour now-a-dayes that Consistorie being as the Alembicke where-in are fyned all the Counsels Projects and Designes of Christendome and the Pope arrogating to him power at his pleasure to excommunicate and consequentlie depose Christian Princes and to transferre the Succession of their Crowns where-of onlie the Riches must belong to that Catholicke King as of England and Yreland to Philip the second by Pius Quintus who did excommunicate Queene Elizabeth of ●England and of Navarre to his Predecessours by the same Title of beeing Heyre and Successour to excommunicate Princes keeping still in their owne hand the raygnes of the Papall Election and invading of their Patrimonies as that of Sicilie and being in effect Popes them-selues governing at their will the Church Rents thorow-out their Kingdomes exacting a verie great part vniversallie of all for their owne vse The third point of Observation vpon the preceeding Discourse is the Iusidiation and Latent Attempts of this Ambition by godlesse Perfidies and Treacherie where no Fayth is kept nor Conscience nor Religion nor Humanitie nor Vere●unditie where Neighbour-Princes cannot brooke their lyues by reason of the excessiue Rewards and Honours promitted to trayterous Executioners of Claudestine Murthers What shall I say of Enemie Princes no I say of what-so-ever persons publicke or private suspected Enemies to their prowde Tyrannie sparing neither Papist nor Protestant Pope nor Cardinall Bishop nor Priest nor nearest Kinsfolkes nor their most faithfull Counsellers or most fortunate Generals if they but once vpon the lightest Occasion become jealous of them no not their owne Children when their blood may bring the smallest accession vnto the strength of that diabolicke Ambition they doe murther poyson embotch and bewitch at their pleasure So that this same Philip of whom I speake hee caused to bee made away in his tyme as Wryters haue observed more than 200 nominablie recorded in diverse Histories whereof I will remember but seaven of the most abominable Paricidies I will call them all so ever heard of and yet best knowne King Henrie the third of France a Christian Prince of equall qualitie with him-selfe to whome hee was bound by that Fraternitie and by the vnion of one Fayth besydes some degrees of Blood yet it is well knowne that hee did contryue the death of this King as truelie as hee did plot the League against him Pope Sextus the fift whome hee professed to bee Head of the Church and his holie Father because that Pope fearing the Spanish Tyrannie if his Conquest of France had proved good hee did favour the said Henrie the third in his last Distresses Philip made him away by Poyson a thing so well vnderstood that they haue it for a common speach yet at Rome which I haue heard with mine eares That if a Pope doe enter without the approbation of Spaine hee will goe the way of Sextus the fift Hee did betray to the Eyes of the World Don Sebestian King of Portugall his Cousin Alexander Farnesse Duke of Parma his Kins-man and Generall in Flanders that valiant and renowned Captaine who had done him so great Services immediatelie after the misfortune of his Armada set out for England 1588. which hee did impute to the slownesse of the saide Duke hee fell into a lingering Disease and died by Poyson ministred from Philip the World doeth know it Don Bartholomew Carenzae Arch-Bishop of Toledo who had beene the Preceptor and Father of his owne Youth-head as Seneca to Nero because hee would not publicklie maintaine his Title to the Crowne of Portugall hee also did dispatch him His Brother Don Iohn de Austria whose great and ambitious spirit hee began to suspect hee was stricken with the Plague of Pestilence immediatelie after the receit of a Letter from Spaine whilst there was no Post in the Countreyes about and where-of hee died But aboue all that most deplorable and nefarious Paricidie publicklie committed avowed by himselfe authorised by the Church the murthering of Prince Charles his owne eldest Sonne Hee did price the life of Don Antonio at 100000 Crownes and of Elizabeth Queene of England and of the late Prince of Orange at as-much a-piece Hee was not ashamed to receiue certaine Townes from the King of Moroco vpon Bargaine to betray as hee did Don Sebestian King of Portugall his Cosin nor to render vnto those Infidels Arzilla which his Predecessours had noblie conquered vpon condition they should not furnish in preste to Don Antonio 200000 Crownes as they had promised to doe at the Intercession of the saide Queene of England These are not mine Assertions but taken and collected from Spanish Wryters Of all the fore-sayde Perpetrations the killing of his Sonne Prince Charles being in it selfe most fearfull and execrable of the whole it is also most clearlie verified not onlie by the Histories of Neighbour-Countreyes as by the French recordes of Majerne of Matthew of Paris of Thuanus but so stood to by the Church of Rome that into that deede they doe place the Triumph and Glorie of the Pietie of the saide King advancing his Fayth aboue that of Abraham who did onelie offer to sacrifice his Sonne and comparing

great Consequence with Candor and Sinceritie I finde that Men of great experience for Warre doe holde opinion contrarie to this beeing of the mynde of King Francis the first who saide that longsome VVarres and small Armies served rather to exercise Men in the Artes Militarie than to daunt the Enemie and that without grosse Armies and quicke dispatch it was not possible to compasse great Enterpryses saying with-all that the Maintainance of small Armies and longsome VVarres was much more chargeable than the other They tell vs that the Empyre of the Turke beginneth to decline for his Pretermission of two thinges which his Predecessours did obserue and follow One that hee goeth not in person to bee over his Armies as they did another that they are not so numerous and grosse as they had them and that light exploits and often leading of small Armies to and froe doeth but teach the Milice to his Enemies and spoyle his owne Countreyes thorow vvhich his Souldiours so frequentlie doe passe Where-of they giue vs this Example Amurat the third kept vnder the commandement of his Bussaes a lingering VVarre of more than twelue Yeares employing not verie great Armies against the Persian vvhere-by al-be-it hee conquered great partes of his Countreyes yet vvere his Losses knowne to bee greater because hee spended the Flowre of his Forces of young Souldiours and lustie Horses 200000 Horses and more than 500000 Men from the beginning to the ende and made desolate the Countreyes that hee tooke in so farre that Osman Bassa alone besides what vvas done by others did cast to the ground and burne 100000 Houses besides that the Persians their Enemies during that great length of tyme did become more skilfull Warriours than themselues The Spanish Warres against Holland Zealand and Friezland haue vvrought the same Effects Agesilaus King of Lacedemonia in his longsome Warres against the Thebaus having one day received a dangerous Blow in his Person was tolde by one of his Friends that hee deserved vvell to haue it because hee had taught his Enemies to bee good Souldiours I confesse indeede that in this point of teaching the Arte Militarie to Enemies vvee can lose nothing beeing rather to learne from them but whether the employing of small or grosie Armies against them shall bee most hurtfull to them before vvee say to that wee must consider vvhat parts of his Dominions doe lye most open for our Invasion and most easilie and profitablie brooked for I take it also as granted that as there must bee Warres so they must bee with-out our Countrey and into that of the Enemie Never an actiue Prince was knowne to looke on vntill the Enemie should bee seene with-in his Bowels There be thousands of Examples of Ignorants who by so doing haue cast away their Kingdome from them-selues Antiochus Persius Iuba Ptolome the last of Aegypt Darius some of the French Kings as King Iohn taken vvith-in his owne Countreyes by Edward the Blacke Prince of England And for this cause Philip of France called the Conquerer vnderstanding that the Emperour Otho the second and the King of England were to assault his Kingdome hee fortified sundrie strong places and led his Armie without the Frontiers vvhere hee did combate and defeat them Wee reade in our Scottish Histories how frequentlie Armies haue bene convoyed beyond our Marches to find the Enemie before he should enter amongst vs. So long as a Countrey is free from open Hostilitie as long it doeth not feele extreame Calamitie sayeth Scipi● Afric for putting of Armies into Africke Plus animi est inferenti periculum quam propulsanti ad hoc major ignotarum rerum est terror c. The Assaulters of anie Countrey must haue greater cowrage than the Defendants who having mo● things and more deare in perill their Houses their Rit●●es VVyues and Children are more taken with feare besides being with-in the Enemies Countrey yee doe discover all his weaknesses whylst your strength and possibilities the more they bee vnknowne to him they doe the more encrease his terrour But to speake of places in generall most proper for this VVarre there is none more honourable than the Palatinate al-be-it most difficill to come vnto by reason of remotenesse from the Sea without the restitution where-of there can remaine no credite with the parties and Princes of the League I heard a Scottish Captaine of good experience in those Countreyes latelie say to mee that it was impossible to recover the Palatinate but by Sea Advantages over the Spanyard because it was so farre remooved from Friends and I did aske him how the late Prince of Parma did leade 10000 Men to Paris in the Teeth of a mightie King amidst his Armies hee answered mee that those were carried as in Trenches and the way was easie without impediment of Mountaines or Rivers Againe I demanded how did the Christian Kings ancientlie of England Scotland and France convoy their Armies to the holie VVarres of Hierusalem and most part over Land or how Alexander the Great an Armie of with-in 40000 from Macedon to the Easterne Occean and did subjugate all the Nations by the way or how Iulius Caesar a smaller by the one halfe from the occident of France to Pharsalia in Greece or Hanniball from Carthage by the way of Spaine and France thorow so manie alpestiere and precipitious Mountaines even to Naples and brooked Italie fifteene Yeares Although themselues were excellent and incomparable Captaines and of extravagant Fortunes yet their Souldiours appearinglie haue beene but such Men as doe yet liue in the VVorld the difference and ods of Tymes excepted for softnesse and Delicacie in some and contemplation and loue of Letters in others haue so daunted and as it were emasculate the cowrage of Men who now are that none is able to endure that austeritie and hardnesse of living with Hanniball him-selfe let bee his Souldiours The next Fielde fitting for this VVarre is that which were most easie to come vnto and likelie to bring the Businesse to a short and prosperous Ende and this is the Countrey of VVest Flanders if this fatall Iealousie of Neighbour-Princes which hath beene so manie tymes contrarious to the best Designes and Enterpryses of Christendome did not heere with-stand that is to say if the French King did not call to mynde how that was the Port where-at ancientlie the English did so often enter to trouble his Predecessours It is a wonderfull thing if Kings so nearelie allyed and so nearelie touched by one Common Danger cannot bee assured from mutuall Iealousies in the meane tyme Nulla fides regni sociis Therefore leaving that to the Event which GOD shall grant I will speake of putting Armies into Spayne by Sea wherevnto it may bee yee will object the small Successes now of a second Navigation of the English to Portugall and that His Majestie had better kept his Navie at home Careat successibus opto quisquis ab eventu facta not and a putet

those thinges from Merchands to the Coyning-house with strict Penall Statutes against any more of that kynde for Apparell Which things when I consider they giue mee Boldnesse to say That His Majestie our Soveraigne should doe well to ordaine all the vncoyned Golde and Silver in Scotland to bee brought in and stamped in Current Money It is in the Hands of Noble-men Barons and Burgesses who can lose nothing by it but by the Contrarie gaine for even they them-selues in the meane time doe more delight to bee served in Glasse which of it selfe is as Civill and more Pure for that Vse And lest our Noble-men should thinke it Dishonourable to bee emptied of Ritch Cup-boards I will show how this sort of Thirst hath beene followed by great Personages without Indignitie Scipio Afric when hee died did leaue no more Silver Plate and Coyne both to his Heire than amounted to 32 pound weight and yet when hee roade in Triumph for the Subjugation of Carthage he did ostent publicklie and placed in the Exchecquer of the State an incredible Summe that hee obtained of the Conquered Quater millies quadringena septuagena millia pondo sayeth Plinius foure thousand foure hundreth and seaventie pound weight a thousand times counted About the same time as the same Author wryteth their best and most ancient Captaines were degraded for having fyne pound weight of Silver Plate to serue them at Table King Ferdinandus of Spaine called Magno having wholly exhausted both his Treasures his Credite in making lōgsome Wars against the Infidels in Valenza Toledo for want of readie Meanes in dāger to be oppressed by those Barbarians his Wyfe a Ladie of an excellēt Spirit did put to Port Sale not onlie al her Gold Silver Plate and precious Iewels but also all her best Furniture of her Palaces yea and the richest Pieces of her bodilie Apparrell vvhereby she did furnish her Husband in such sort that he prevayled mightily over his Enemies and conquered their Cities with large Treasures and Commodities therein The French Storie showeth that King Charles the ninth did reduce vpon vrgent Necessitie his whole Golde and Silver Plate into Coyne I need not here object agaynst our selues the Simplicitie of Manners of our Antecessours and their Ignorance of such Prodigalities but lest wee should thinke it base and ignominious to follow them I will tell you how Plinius in his tyme did wryte thus Before our Grand-fathers no Senator did weare Gold Rings and in the remembrance of our Grand-fathers those who had the Office of the Pretorship in their olde age did weare Rings of Yron Of his owne tyme agayne sayd hee all thinges that the Worlde by Land or Sea could produce were become so familiar sought for at Rome that everie yeare it did cost the State to furnish a Voyag● into India fiftie Millions of Sesterses for which the Indians did send backe their Merchandize which were solde at Rome for an hundreth tymes as much as they were bought for So bent are People to precipitate swiftlie and in short tyme to Corruption and Insolence vvhere they once find themselues in the Way that leadeth into it Nowe supposing there were aboundance of Money in the Countrey there can bee nothing more pertinent to a Treatise of this kynd than for saving thereof to Publicke Necessarie and Vertuous Vses to propound a thing whereof wee haue great neede and which hath bene frequentlie practized by the best greatest Common-wealths in the tyme of Exige●ice and Distresse for want of Coyne to preserybe Moderation both of Dyet and Apparrell often tymes done by the Romanes and frequentlie since by the French and Venetians and by tymes everie-where It is well knowne howe farre wee haue deboarded in this sort since our Conjunction with England and I finde in our Historie that the lyke Abuses did creepe in amongst our Predecessours from the same Countrey to the manifest Danger of the Common-wealth then and that it was at two severall tymes grievouslie and p●●hilie resented by the Counsel of Scotland to their Princes and Reformation vrged first vnder K. Malcolme the third whose Queene Margaret being English was attended with numbers of their Gentrie and much Introduction of Forraigne Manners Secondlie at the comming home of King Iames the first after manie yeares being in England by a notable Oration publicklie delivered to that ende by the Arch-Bishop of Sainct Andrewes for the time to which two Places I doe referre them who are curious to know how manie Wayes and how soone Prodigalitie and Ryot doe leade a State vnto Ruine And if wee would esteeme such Reformations to bee disagreeable with Noble and Generose Mynds it were to show the Povertie and Ignorance of our owne Mynde because in the Simplicitie of Manners and Moderation of Lyfe doeth consist all the Actiue Vertue of the Mightiest States there-vpon were Republicks founded Cities builded Lawes established Empyres extended the World conquered sayeth the same Author Plinius there was not a Baker knowne at Rome 580 yeares after her Plantation nor no Bread other than that which was driven out by Womens Hands lyke vnot the Cakes which are vsuall amongst our Commoners where-as in the ende that most puissant and invincible Empyre whome all the Nations of the Earth could not daunt was overthrowne by excessiue Prodigalitie of Lyfe as the Poet sayeth Nunc patimur longae pacis mala sevior armis Luxuria incubuit victum●que ulc●scitur orbem Finallie I will turne my Speach to You O Mightie King Orient Monarch of the Northerne World Successour of that Wise Salomon of Great Britane whose Heart so emptie of Ambition and Avarice The LORD His GOD did fill with the True Wisdome of Governament and did exalt Him as a new Pole-starre or Lanterne of Light to bee beheld a-farre and sought to by those who sayle into the Naufragious Seas of Southerne Darknesse The LORD indeede did employ Him as a Salomō to the like Function of Building His Tēple for vnder Him was Poperie the Altars of Idolatrie casten down The Gospell planted in this Kingdome and the Church restored to the ancient Primitiue Governament That like vnto that solide Conjunction of the Tribes of Israel vnder Salomō the Bodie of this whole Yle standeth firme and vnited and therefore would not GOD suffer Him to bee a Man of Warre nor those Hands to touch the Sword of Blood which he had concluded to vse to the Sacred worke of His Temple But Sir Your Majestie Hee hath chosen to be that David who should over-come and breake the mightie Enemies of his People I should be sorie to trouble Your Royall Eares with tedious Discourse yea if my shallow Wits could choose with one ydle Word I will but briefelie bring before Your Majestie some few of the Practises of Augustus Caesar whom all the Politicke Wryters and Histories since his Dayes haue set vp for a Perfect Examplar of Imitation to all the Actiue Princes of