Philip the fair afterwards seeing himself persecuted by Charles of Valois by an inexcusable temerity threw away his life For Charles sharply asking of him an account of the Treasures of the deceased King he freely answered It is to you Sir I have given a good part of them and the rest hath been employed in the Kings affairs Whereupon the Prince giving him the lie the other took the unseasonable boldness to reply By God Sir it is you your self this insolency sent him to the Gallows at Mountfaucon which he had caused to be built in his greatest authority 2. At Sir Henry Wotton's first going Embassadour into Italy as he passed through Germany he stayed some daies at Augusta where having been in his former Travels well known by many of the best note for learning and ingenuity with whom he passing an evening in merriment was requested by Christopher Flecamore to write some sâ—nâ—ence in his Albo a Book of white paper which for that purpose many of the German Gentry usually carry about them Sir Henry consenting to the motion took an occasion from some accidental discourse of the present company to write a pleasant definition of an Embassador in these words Legatus est vir bonus peregrè missus ad mentiendum Reipublicae causa which Sir Henry could have been contented should have been thus Englished An Embassadour is an honest man sent to lie abroad for the good of his Country but the word for lie being the hinge upon which the conceit should turn was not so expressed in Latin as would admit of so fair a construction as Sir Henry thought of in English Yet as it was it slept quietly among other sentences in this Albo almost eight years till by accident it fell into the hands of Gasper Schioppius a Romanist a man of a restless spirit and malicious Pen who with Books against King Iames Prints this as a principle of that Religion professed by the King and his Embassadour Sir Henry Wotton then at Venice and in Venice it was presently after written in several glass windows and spitefully declared to be Sir Henry Wotton's This coming to the knowledge of King Iames he apprehended it to be such an over-sight such a weakness or worse in Sir Henry as caused the King to express much wrath against him and this caused Sir Henry to write two Apologieâ— one to Velserus one of the chieâ—s of Augusta in the universal language and another to King Iames which was so ingenuous clear and so choicely eloquent that His Majesty at the receipt thereof said Sir Hâ—nry Wotton had commuted suâ—ficiently for a greater offence 3. Lewis the eleventh King of France one of the most Politick Princes that France ever had being at Wars with his own brother Charles Duke of Normandy Francis Duke of Britanny and Charles Duke of Burgundy and desiring greatly to separate the last from the other two that he might thâ— better be revenged on them solicited him by his Embassadours to come to conâ—erence with him which the Duke yielded unto so that the meeting might be in a Town of his own in the Frontiers of Flanders and France for his better security wherewith the King was well contented The meeting therefore being appointed at Peronne whither the Duke was come with his Army and safe-conduct sent to the King by a Letter of the Dukes own hand the King went thither without any forces or guard to shew the confidence he had in the Duke to oblige him the more and to gain his good will But the Duke seeing now his enemy in his power and understanding at the same time that Leige ws revolted from him by the solicitation of certain Embassadours oâ— the King took him prisoner and would not release him untâ—l he hâ—d recovered the Town of Leige whither he forced him to accompany him with no small danger of his Person and in the end having made him grant to some hard conditions in favour of his Confederates against whom the King had especially plotted that Conference and Treaty he released him Now who sees not how grossly this Politician â—rred wherein it might be presumed that a man of any experience could not have been deceived First that having employ'd his Agents to stir up the Town of Lâ—ige against the Duke he did not counteâ—mand it when he resolved to put himself into his hands and then that he would upon any security or safe-conduct put himself to the courtesie and mercy of his enemy without urgent and inevitable necessity 4. Thomas Ruthal was by King Henry the seventh â—or his great abilities preferred to be Bishop of Durham King Henry the eighth made him of his Privy Council notwithstanding the hatred which Cardinal Woolsey bare unto him It happened that King Henry employed him as a Politick person to draw up a Breviate of the State of the Land which he did and got it fairly transcribed but it fell out that instead thereof he deceived with the likeness of the cover and binding Presented the King with a Book containing the Inventory of his own Estate amounting to an invidious and almost an incredible summ of one hundred thousand pounds Woolsey glad of this mistake told the King he knew where a mass of money was in case he needed it This broke Ruthals heart who had paid the third part of the cost of making the Bridge of Newcastle over Tyne and intended many more Benefactions had not death on this unexpected occasion surprized him Anno Dom. 1523. 5. The Duke of Ossuna a little man but of great fame and fortune was revoked from being Vice-Roy of Naples the best employment the King of Spain hath for a subject upon some disgust and being come to this Court where he was brought to give an account of his Government being troubled with the Gout he carried his sword in his hand instead of his staff the King misliking the manner of his posture turned his back to him and so went away Thereupon he was over-heard to mutter Esto es para servir muchachos This it is to serve Boyes This coming to the Kings oaâ— he was apprehended and committed Prisoner to a Monastery not far off where he continued some years until his Beard came to his girdle then growing very ill he was permitted to come to his house in Madrid being carried in a bed upon mens shoulders where he died about the year 1622. 6. When Pope Iulius the second attempted to deliver Italy from the Vltra Montani he sent an Italian Embassadour to the King of England to perswade him to take Arms in his behalf against the King of France and the Embassadour having delivered all that he had in charge to say answer was given in the behalf of the King That he was most ready and willing to defend the Pope but that an Army was not so soon to be made ready for that the English by reason of their long Peace had in a manner lost the use
of Arms. And because they were to go against a King who was no less mighty and puissant than warlike as was the King of France there ought to be a time to make necessary provision for a War of so great importance The Embassador presently to no purpose or reason added these words Anchio hodetto piâ— volte questo medesimo à sua sanctita which is to say And I have oftentimes said the same to his Holiness these words which shewed the will of the Embassadour to be different from that of his Prince gave great doubt and suspicion to the Kings Council and they began to doubt that the Embassadour was rather inclined to favour the King of France than the Pope his Master and setting secret Spies about him to observe his behaviour it was perceived that by night he spake secretly with the French Embassadour by which means he was undone and if he had fallen into the hands of the Pope he had peradventure put him to death However by his imprudent answer he both wronged himself and was the occasion that the King of England was constrained to begin the War sooner than he would who in deferring the succours had possibly accorded the controversie betwixt the Pope and the French King 7. Demaratus which should have succeeded in the Kingdom of Sparta was deprived thereof by Ariston his father for one only imprudent word uttered without consideration in the Senate Which was that news being brought unto him that he had a son born he counted upon his fingers how long his Wife had been with him and seeing that there were no more than sâ—ven Months and that usually women are delivered at nine he said It is not possible that he should be my son these words turned to the great damage of Demaratus for after the death of Ariston his father the Spartans refused to give him the Kingdom because the Ephori bare record that Ariston had said that it was not possible that Demaratus born at the end of seven Months should be his son and that he had bound it with an Oath 8. Renzo de Ceri a most honourable Captain in hâ—s time was in the pay and â—ervice of Lawrence de Medici against Francis Maria Duke of Vrbin This Captain was advertised that certain Spanish Captains had plotted a Treason to deliver the Duke of Vrbin into the hands of the Duke of Florence wherefore the said Renzo talking with a Drum demanded of him in jest and laughing but with great inconsideration When will these Spaniards deliver your Duke Prisoner The Drum made no answer but being returned to the Camp he reported to his Duke the words which Renzo had used to him without any necessity or reason wherefore the Duke of Vrbin having engraven them in his heart stood upon his guard and marked the behaviour of the Spanish Captains In the end through certain Letters and writings found amongst their Baggage the truth appeared and the Conspirators against Duke Francis were known who were committed to Prison and convict of Treason Thus Renzo was the cause why the Treason took no effect the Captains were dispatched and that Lawrence his Master made not so soon an end of the Wars as otherwise he might probably have done 9. Famous was the Contention between Chrysostom on the one part and Thâ—ophilus Cyril and Epiphanius on the other about the burning or not burning of Origens Books all good and great men yet they grow so hot that because Chrysostom would not consent to the burning Theophilus and Cyril would hardly acknowledge him a lawful Bishop and Epiphanius in bitter chiding fell to such choler as he said he hoped he should not die a Bishop To whom Chrysostom answered as eagerly again That he trusted he should never return alive into his own Country of Cyprus which chiding words were not so bitter in sound as afterwards they proved true indeed For both Epiphanius died before he gat home to Cyprus and Chrysostom being put out of his Bishoprick ended his life in banishment CHAP. XXI Of the dangerous and destructive curiosity of some men VEssalius was busied in the dissection of the body of a Person of Quality meaning to find out the root of that distemper which was supposed to have given him his death when to his grief he found that which he looked not for The heart panted and there appeared other convincing signs that the unfortunate Noble-man might have lived had not he been so unseasonably Butchered this cost the Anatomist much trouble and disgrace and it hath fallen out with many others in the like maâ—ner who while they have been gratifying their curiosity have occasioned irreparable injuries to themselves or others 1. Cornelius Agrippa living in Lorrain had a young man who Tabled with him one day being to go abroad he left the Keys of his Study with his Wife but with great charge to keep them safe and trust them to no man The youth over-curious of Novelty never ceased to importune the woman till â—he had lent him the Key to take view of his Library he entred it and light upon a Book of Conjurations wherein reading he straight hears a great bouncing at the door but not minding that he reads on the knocking grew greater and louder but he making no answer the Devil breaks open the door and enters enquires what he commands him to have done or why he was called the youth amazed and through extreme fear not able to answer the Devil â—eises upon him and wriths his neck in sunder Agrippa returns and finds the young man dead and the Devils insulting over the Corpse he retires to his Art and calls his Devil to an account of what had been done who told him all that had passed then he commanded the Homicide to enter the body and walk with him into the Market-place where the Students were frequent and after two or three turns there to forsake the body he did so the body falls down dead before the Scholars all judge the reason of it some sudden fit of an Apoplexy but the marks about his neck and jaws rendred it somewhat suspicious Agrippa concealed this story in Lorrain but being banished thence he afterwards feared not to publish it in Lorrain 2. The Emperour Carracalla had a curiosity to know the name of him who was most like to succeed him and employed one Maternianus to enquire amongst the Magicians of the Empire by whom accordingly he was advertised that Macrinus was to be the man the Letters being brought unto Carracalla as he was in his Charriot were by him delivered with the rest of his Pacquets to the hands of Macrinus who was Captain of his Guard and by his oâ—fice to attend upon the person of the Emperour that he might open them and signifie unto him the contents thereof at his better leisure Macrinus finding by these the danger in which he stood resolved to strike the first blow and to that end entrusted
were true was afterwards conâ—irm'd by the event 5. Charles the Eighth King of France invaded the Kingdom of Naples Alphonso was then King of it and howsoever before he brag'd what he would do yet when the French were in Italy and came so far as Rome he took such a fright that he cryed out every night he heard the Frenchmen coming and that the very Trees and Stones cry'd France And as Guicciardine affirmeth who was not a man either easily to believe or rashly write Fables it was credibly and constantly reported that the Spirit of Ferdinand his Father appear'd to one that had been his Physician and bad him tell his Son Alphonso from him that he should not be able to resist the Frenchmen for God had ordain'd that his Progeny should after many great afflictions be depriv'd of their Kingdom for the multitude and great enormity of their sins and especially for that he had done by the perswasion of Alphonso himself in the Church of St. Leander in Chaiae near to Naples whereof he told not the particulars the success was that Alphonso terrifi'd waking and sleeping with the representations of such Noblemen as he had caused secretly to be murdred in prison resign'd his Crown to his Son Ferdinando and ran away into Sicily in such haste that importun'd by his Mother-in-Law to stay for her only three days he told her that if she would not go presently with him he would leave her and that if any sought to stay him he would cast himself headlong out of the window His Son Ferdinand having assembled all his forces durst make no resistance but fled before the French from place to place till at length almost all his Subjects forsook him and rebelled against him whereupon he fled also into Sicily and within a while dyed there So Charles conquer'd the whole Kingdom his Soldiers having not had occasion so much as to put on their armour all the Voyage 6. Musâ—nius and Chrysanthius both Bishops dy'd in the time of the Nicene Council before such time as all present had subscribed to the Articles of Faith then agreed unto The rest of the Bishops went to their Sepulchers and desiring there subscription also as if they were alive they left the Schedule of Subscription at their Tombs when aâ—ter it was found that the dead persons had in a miraculous manner subscribed their names in this manner Chrysanthius and Musonius who were consenting with the Fathers in the sacred Oecumenical Synod of Nice though translated in respect of the Body yet with our own hands we have subscribed to this Schedule 7. Spâ—ridion Bishop of Cyprus had a Daughter call'd Irene with whom a friend of his had left certain Ornaments of a great value which she being over careful of hid under the earth and shortly after dyed In some time after came he who had intrusted her and finding that she was dead demanded his goods at the hands of the Father both with entreaties and threats Spiridion that knew not what to do in the case and saw that the mans loss was become his calamity went to the Tomb of his Daughter beseeching God that he would shew something of promised Resurrection before the time nor was he deceiv'd in his hopes for his Daughter Irene appeared to him and having declared in what place she had disposed of the mans goods she vanished away CHAP. XLI Of the strange ways by which Murders have been discover'd WIlliam the Norman built a fair Monastery where he wan the Garland of England and in the Synod held Anno 1070. at Winchester King William being present as also the Legats of Pope Alexander it was by that Synod decreed amongst other things that whoever was conscious to himself that he had slain a man in that great Battle should do penance for one whole year and as many years as he had slain men and should redeem his Soul either by building a Church or by establishing a perpetual allowance to some Church already built so great a crime did they esteem the sheding of Humane Blood though as they suppose in a just War Sure I am that God Almighty as well to declare his detestation of that crimson sin of murther as to beget and retain in us a horror thereof hath most vigorously employ'd his providence by strange and miraculous ways to bring to light deeds of darkness and to drag the bloody Authors of them out of their greatest privacies and concealment unto condign punishments It were an infinite thing to trace the several footsteeps of Divine Providence in this matter It will be sufficient to produce some Examples wherein we shall find enough to make us adore at once the Wisdom and Goodness and Justice of God 1. Iulianus Malacava a Black-smith by Profession was vehemently in love with a certain Maid and not knowing any other way to obtain his desires besides that of Marriage with his beloved began to think how he might compass the death of his Wife he accomplish'd his divellish design with a Halter and strangled his Wife who was then big with child the third day after the Woman was found dead her Husband was gone into the Country and of all others was the least suspected the Child in the mean time was taken out of the Womb of the dead Mother and laid by but at the entrance of the cruel Father the dead Child bled fresh at the Nose This was upon the third of the Nones of February 1632. At the sight of this blood the Magistrare entred into some suspition of the Murderer he sent him to prison and laid him in irons when he came upon further examination he confess'd the whole as it was and was deservedly executed the twelfth of the Kalends of December 1633. this History was sent me from the publick Records of Caesena for an unquestionable truth 2. Parthenius Treasurer to Theodobert King of France had traiterously slain an especial friend of his call'd Ausanius together with his Wife Papianilla when no man accused or so much as suspected him thereof he detected himself in this strange manner As he slept in his bed he suddenly roared out crying for help or else he perished and being demanded what he ailed he half asleep answered That his friend Ausanius and his Wife whom he had murdered long before did now summon him to answer it before the Tribunal of God Upon this confession he was apprehended and after due examination stoned to death Thus though all witnesses fail yet the murderers own conscience is sufficient to betray him 3. Anno Dom. 867. Lothbroke of the Blood Royal of Denmark and Father to Humbar and Hubba entred with his Hawk into a Cock-boat alone and by tempest was driven upon the coast of Norfolk in England where being found he was detain'd and presented to Edmund at that time King of the East Angles The King entain'd him at his Court and perceiving his singular dexterity and activity in Hawking and
Arch-bishop of Beneventum Printed a Book in defence of Sodomy England reconciled to the Mother Church in Queen Maries daies 230. Marcellus the second an Hetruscan he esteemed the Lutherans worse than Turks and perswaded Charles the fifth and Ferdinand rather to turn their Forces against them he was Pope but twenty three daies 231. Paulus the fourth the Neapolitane a great Patron of the Jesuites and Inquisition in which had been made away one hundred and fifty thousand persons for Religion being hated for his cruelty after his death his Statue was cast into Tyber 232. Pius the fourth continued the Council at Trent and brought it to an end and thereby setled and confirmed the interest of the Church of Rome caused it to be received as Oecumenical his Legates forbid footing in England by Queen Elizabeth Venery and Luxury shortned this Popes daies and then succeeded 233. Pius the fifth a Lombard commanded the Whores in Rome to be married or whipt He had a hand in the death of Prince Charles of Spain and of our King Iames his Father and in most of the Treasons against Queen Elizabeth whom he Excommunicated by Bull he left his Seat to 234. Gregorius the thirteenth a Bononian the Massacre at Paris was by this mans procurement He altered the Kalender to his New Stile which anticipates ten daies the old account he Excommunicated and outed the Archbishop of Collen because he married would have disposed of the Kingdom of Portugal but was prevented 235. Sixtus the fifth of Marca Anconae Excommunicates and praises the Murder of Henry the third of France by Iaquez Clement blesseth the Banner of Spain against England in 88. quarrels with Spain for Naples and wiped the Jesuites of a great mass of money The Cardinal Bellarmine Dedicates his Controversies to him yet being asked his judgement of him when dead said He thought he was damned 236. Vrbanus the seventh a Genoway ascended the Chair aâ—ter him oâ— whom there is the less to be said in that he enjoyed his Popedom but a fourteenth night and then he left it to who should come after dying before his inauguration The Seat not long empty was supplied by 237. Gregorius the fourteenth of Millaine he held a Jubilee and exhausted the Treasury of the Church which Sixtus before had sealed by an Oath to be employed in the recovery of the Holy Land he cursed King Henry of Navarre as a relapsed Heretick his Bulls were burnt by the hands of the Hangman he died of the Stone before he had sat one year out 238. Innocentius the ninth a Bononian for the two months he was in he expressed an hatred against the King of Navarre and a good liking of the Jesuites one year four months and three daies made an end of four Popes and then came 239. Clemens the eighth made Henry of France turn Papist to be quiet much troubled with the Gout but eased as he saith when the Arch-duke Maximilian had kissed his gouty Toes 240. Leo the eleventh came in with this Motto over his Arch-triumphal Pageant Dignus est Leo in virtute Agni accipere librum solvere septem signacula ejus but a Fevor ended him before he had sat twenty eight daies 241. Paulus the fifth an Italian promoted the Powder-plot interdicted the State of Venice whereupon the Jesuites were banished the Oath of Allegiance to King Iames forbidden by Breves from this Pope 242. Gregorius the fifteenth a Bononian Elected by way of Adoration he instigates the French against the Protestants Saints Ignat-Loyola and quarrels with the Venetians after two years was chosen 243. Vrbanus the eighth a Florentine he advances his Kindred in his time the Arch-bishop of Spalato turned from Papist to Protestant and thence to Papist again he was a politer Scholar than most of them 244. Innocentius the tenth 245. Alexander the seventh CHAP. IV. Of such men as have been the Framers and Composers of Bodies of Laws for divers Nations and Countries IT was the saying of Plato That there was a necessity that Laws should be made for men and that they should be obliged to live according to them or otherwise men would differ but very little from the Beasts themselves The reason of this is That no man is naturally so well composed as rightly to understand what things do best conduce to the publick good of humane life or if he do yet he either cannot or will not alwaies act according to that which in his judgement is the best Hence it is that so many Nations have submitted to the wisdom of some one that hath been eminent amongst them and contended to live by the rules they have prescribed 1. Lycurgus was the Law-giver to the Lacedemonians and when by his Institutions he had brought Sparta to that form of a Republick which he had desired He then Assembled them all where he told them that in most parts the Common-wealth was so framed as it might rightly serve to the improvement both of their vertue and felicity But that there was now behind the chiefest and most important head of all which he should not take upon him to impart unto them till such time as he had consulted the Oracle That they should therefore firmly cleave to the present Laws nor should deviate from nor change any thing therein till such time as he should return from Delphos They all promised him and having taken an Oath of the Kings Senate and People to that purpose he went to Delphos where when he came he enquired of Apollo if the frame and model of his Laws were such as that his Citizens might in the observation of them be made vertuous and prosperous Apollo made answer that all was well done and that so long as they lived thereby they should be most famous This answer he sent back to Sparta which done he resolved that the Spartans should never be freed from their Oath they had given him and to that purpose he underwent a voluntary banishment and death in Crcet saith Aristocrates having before-hand besought his Host and entertainer That as soon as he was dead he should cause his body to be burnt and the ashes thereof cast into the Sea that so no remainder of him might be brought to Sparta lest they thereby pretending he was returned should disengage themselves from their Oath and attempt any change in the Common-wealth 2. Solon was the Law-giver to the Athenians and when Anacharsis did deride his endeavours in this kind that went about to repress the injuries and extravagancies of his Citizens with a few written words Which said he are no better than Spiders Webs and which the stronger will break at their pleasure Solon return'd that men will be sure to stand to those Covenants which will bring manifest disadvantages to the infringers of them Adding that he had so framed and tempered his Laws for Athens that it should manifestly appear to all of them That it was more for their concern strictly to observe than
old man then present named Monstier and a Son-in-Law of his who immediately went that night away at ten in the Morning came to Flaming's House with each of them a basket of Cherries and a Green-Goose as if presents from the Husband they were let in by the boy whom they presently murdered yet not so but the woman heard his cry and therefore locked fast the Chamber Door and cry'd for help out at the Window the Neighhours ran in took these two villains one in the Funnel of a Chimney and the other in a Well in the Cellar with nothing but his Nose above Water These two being condemned and brought to the place of Execution Monstier desired to speak with the Smiths Widow of whom he asked forgiveness confessing he had stollen from him his Hammer and had therewith kill'd the Woman at St. Opportunes Thus the Smiths innocency was detected and the Murderer found out after twenty years from the commitment 10. A Murderer at Tubing betray'd his murder by his own sighs which were so deep and incessant in grief not of his fact but of his small booty that being but ask'd the question he confessed the crime and underwent worthy punishment 11. At Tiguri a certain vagabond Rogue in the night had kill'd his companion that lay with him in a Barn and having first removed the dead Corps somewhat out of sight fled betimes in the Morning towards Eglisavium a Town under the government of the Tigurines But the Master of the Barn having in the Morning found the signs of a murder soon after found also the dead body In the mean time the Murderer was got far upon his way yet by the noise of Crows and Jays which follow'd and assaulted him he was taken notice of by some Reapers then in the Field who were somewhat terrifi'd at the novelty of so unusual a thing The Murderer for all this holds on his way and now might he seem to be out of danger when there came such as were ordered to make pursuit after him who enquire of the Reapers if any man had pass'd by that way who tell them they had seen none besides one only fellow who as he passed was ever and anon molested with the Crows and Jays that they thence did conjecture he was some villain and that if they made haste they might undoubtedly take him The wretch was soon after seis'd by them and broken upon the Wheel at his execution with sighs and prayers I heard him acknowledge the providence of God a clear instance of which he had receiv'd in so unusual a detection of himself 12. Anno 1611. Some of the English Embassadors men entred into a quarrel with some of the Iamoglans of the next Seraglio in which Tumult one of the Embassadors men threw a stone and smote a Iamoglan on the forehead that he dyed in a few hours The Aâ—a of the Seraglio complained hereof to the Grand Visier who presently sent the sub-Bassa of Galatia to make inquiry of the fact The Embassador went himself to the Seraglio and sent for his men which had been in the quarrel and willed the Turks to design the man which had thrown the stone who all with one shout ran upon one Simon Dibbins a man that was newly come from Candia where he had serv'd the Venetians and was now entertain'd into the Embassadors service This Simon was not he that threw the stone yet the Turks would have none but him on him they laid hands and drag'd him away The Embassador enterpos'd but in vain the English offer'd great sums for his life but the Turks would have blood for blood The day of execution being appointed the Embassador sent his Chaplain to the Prison to prepare him for death who examining him how he had formerly liv'd he confessed that some few years before he had in England kill'd a man for which he had sled to Candia from whence he came to Constantinople where he was now to suffer for that which he did not the just Judgement of God thus pursuing him he was hanged at the Embassadors Gates 13. Henry Renzovius Lieutenant to the King of Denmark in the Dukedome of Holsatia in a Letter of his to David Chytreus writes thus A Traveller was found murdered in the High-way near to Itzehow in Denmark and because the murderer was unknown the Magistrates of the place caused one of the hands of him that was slain to be cut off and hung up by a string on the top of the room in the Town Prison about ten years after the Murderer coming upon some occasion into the Prison the hand that had been a long time dry began to drop Blood upon the Table that stood underneath it which the Gaoler beholding stay'd the fellow and advertised the Magistrates of it and examining him the Murderer giving glory to God confessed his fact and submitted himself to the rigor of the Law which was inflicted on him as he well deserved 14. Smyth and Gurney two Watermen of Gravesend were some years since hired by a Grasier to carry him down to Tilbury Hope for he intended to go to a certain Fayr in Essex to buy Cattle These villains perceiving he had Money conspired to take away his life and accordingly as they went one of them cut his Throat and the other taking his Money threw him over-board This murther was conceal'd divers years but this Summer 1656. those Murderers as they were drinking together fell out and one of them in his passion accused the other of murder and he again accused him upon which being apprehended and examined they confess'd the fact were condemn'd at Maidstone Aslizes and are hang'd in chains at Gravesend 15. Anno 1656. A Woman in Westphalia being near the time of her travel went to the next village to confess her self in her confession she told the Priest she had newly found a purse â—ull of Money and therefore desired him that he would speak of it publickly that it might be restor'd to the right owner The Priest told her it was sent to her from Heaven that she should reserve it to her self and enjoy it the woman thus inform'd kept the Purse to her self In her return home she was to pass thorow a Grove into which she was no sooner come but the pains of Travel came upon her In the mean time a Noble Person who had lost the Purse rode up to her and demanded if she had not found one she beseeches him That for the Love of God he would ride to the next Village for some woman to assist her in her labour and that she would restore him the Purse he sought after the Nobleman rode as fast as he could to call some woman In which time of his absence came the wicked Priest cuts off the womans head and seises upon the purse The Nobleman returning with the women are witnesses of this Tragical Spectacle but who had done it was unknown It was a time when
Lord Buckhurst was bred in Oxford took the degree of Barister in the Temple afterwards travelled into foreign parts was detained a time prisoner at Rome when his liberty was procured for his return into England he possessed the vâ—st inheritance left him by his Father whereof in a short time by his magnificent prodigality he spent the greatest part till he seasonably began to spare growing near to the bottom of his estate The story goes that this young Gentleman coming to an Alderman of London who had gained great pennyworths by his former purchases of him was made being now in the wane of his wealth to wait the coming down of the Alderman so long that his generous humour being sensible of the incivility of such attendance resolved to be no more beholding to wealthy pride and presently turn'd a thrifty improver of the remainder of his estate Others make him the Convert of Queen Elizabeth who by her frequent admonitions diverted the torrent of his profusion indeed she would not know him till he began to know himself and then heaped places of honour and trust upon him creating him Baron of Buckhurst in Sussex anno Dom. 1566 sent him Embassador into France 1571 into the Low Countries 1576 made him Knight of the Order of the Garter 1589 Treasurer of England 1599 he was also Chancellour of the University of Oxford Thus having made amends to his House for his mispent time both in encrease of estate and honour being created Earl of Dorset by King Iames he died April 19 1608. 10. Henry the Fifth while Prince was extremely wild the companion of riotous persons and did many things to the grief of the King his Father as well as to the injury of himself in his reputation with the subject but no sooner was he come to the Crown but the first thing that he did was to banish all his old companions ten miles from his Court and presence and reform'd himself in that manner that he became a most worthy and victorious King as perhaps ever reigned in England 11. S. Augustine in his younger time was a Manichee and of incontinent life he reports of himself that he prayed for continency but was not willing to be heard too soon for saith he I had rather have my lust satisfied than extinguished But being afterwards converted by the Ministry of S. Ambrose he proved a most excellent person as well in Learning as in all sorts of Virtues 12. The Ancients in old time attributed unto King Cecrops a double nature and form and that upon this ground not for that as some said of a good clement and gracious Prince be became a rigorous fell and cruel Tyrant but on the contrary because having been at first and in his youth perverse passionate and terrible he proved afterwards a mild and gentle Lord. 13. Gelon and Hiero in Sicily and Pisistratus the Son of Hippocrates were all Usurpers and such as attained to their Tyrannical Dominion by violent and indirect means yet they used the same virtuously and howsoever they attained the Sovereign Command and for some time in their younger years managed it injuriously enough yet they grew in time to be good Governours loving and profitable to the Common-wealth and likewise beloved and dear unto their Subjects for some of them having brought in and established excellent Laws in their Country and causing their Subjects to be industrious and painful in tilling the ground made them to be civil sober and discreet whereas before they were noted for a tatling playful and idle sort of people 14. Lydiades was a Tyrant in the City of Megalapolis but in the midst of his usurped Dominion he repented of his Tyranny and making conscience thereof he detested that wrongful oppression wherein he had held his Subjects in such sort that he restored his Citizens to their ancient Laws and Liberties yea and aâ—terwards died gloriously fighting manfully in the Field against the enemy in defence of his Country 15. Ceno Valchius King of the Western Saxons in the beginning of his Reign was an impious and debauched Prince whereupon he was expelled from his Kingdom and Government but at last being become a reformed man he was readmitted to his former command and he then ruled his Kingdom with great prudence justice and moderation 16. Offa King of the Mercians in the first flower of his age was immeasurable in his desires of acquiring wealth extreme ambitious of enlarging his Territories and highly delighted with the art of War and Military Discipline he was also all this while a contemner of all moral virtue but when he came to be of maturer and riper years he became famous and renowned for the integrity and modesty of his manners and the singular innocency of his life 17. Iohannes Picus Mirandula visited the most famous Universities of France and Italy and was so great a Proficient that while as yet he had no Beard he was reputed a perfect Philosopher and Divine Being ambitious and desirous of Glory he went to Rome where he proposed nine hundred Questions in all Arts and Sciences to dispute upon which he challenged all the Scholars of all Nations with a new kind of liberality promising to defray the charges of any such as should come from remote parts to dispute with him at Rome He stayed at Rome upon this occasion a whole year In the mean time there wanted not some that privily detracted from him and gave out that thirteen of his Questions were heretical so that he was constrain'd to set forth an Apology and while he studied to excuse himself of errours that were falsly objected to him he fell into others that were greater and worse for he entangled himself in the love of fair rich and noble women and at last was so engaged in quarrels upon this account that he thought it high time to forsake those youthful vanities whereupon he threw into the fire his Books of Love which he had writ both in the Latine and Hetruscan Languages and relinquishing the Dreams of prophane Philosophy he wholly devoted himself to the study of the sacred and holy Scriptures CHAP. III. Of punctual observation in matters of Religion and the great regard some men have had to it THe Athenians consulted the Oracle of Apollo demanding what Rites they should make use of in matters of their Religion The answer was the Rites of their Ancestors Returning thither again they said the manner of their Forefathers had been often changed they therefore enquired what custom they should make choice of in so great a variety Apollo replyed the best This constancy and strictness of the Heathens had been â—ighly commendable had their Devotions been better directed In the mean time they shame us by being more zealous in their Superstition than we are in the true Religion 1. Paulus Aemilius being about to give Battel to Perses King of Macedon at the first Break of Day made a Sacrifice to
they were But let it be observed that he was thrust out of his Kingdom made a private man died in infamy and the hatred of all men 7. Iulianus at the first feigned himself to be a Christian and as some say was entred into Orders for Deacon from a worshipper of Christ he afterwards turn'd a great Persecutor and mocker of the Christians and Christianity it self in contempt of which he permitted the Jews to re-edifie that Temple of theirs which had been ruined under Titus and the care of that affair was committed to Antiochenus Philippus but the divine power shew'd forth it self to the terrour of men for so soon as they had laid the Stones in the Foundation of it the earth began to make a horrid noise and exceedingly trembled it cast out the begun Wall sent forth a flame that slew the Workmen and consumed all the Tools and Instruments that were there as well Iron as other This was it that occasioned the work to be laid aside the next night there were divers Crosses found upon the garments of many men and those in such manner set on that they could not be washed or any other way got out thence At last this Iulianus waging War with the Persians by an unknown hand he received a deadly wound betwixt his Ribs when filling his own hands with his own blood and throwing it up towards Heaven he brake out into these words Satisfie thy malice O Galilean so he called Christ for I acknowledge I am overcome by thee 8. Pope Leo the tenth admiring the huge mass of money which by his Indulgences he had rak'd together said most Atheistically to Cardinal Bembus Vide quantum haec fabula de Christo nobis profuit See what a deal of wealth we have gotten by this Fable of Christ And when he lay upon his death-bed the same Cardinal rehearsing a Text of Scripture to comfort him his reply was Apage has nugas de Christo Away with these baubles concerning Christ. 9. Nero the Emperour spoiled Temples and Altars without any difference and thereby shew'd that Religion was not only despised but also hated by him nor did he spare that Syrian Goddess which he worshipped but sprinkled the face of her with urine by these and the like means he became hated both of God and men so that the people of Rome revolted from him whereby he was compell'd to a fearful and miserable slight and fearing they would inflict on him torments worse than death he laid violent hands upon himself 10. Antoninus Commodus had not only abused himself divers other waies but even in the midst of the solemnities of Religion he could not abstain from impiety When he sacrificed to Isis with the Image of that Goddess which himself carried he laid upon the heads of the Priests and enforced them so to pelt one another with Pine Nuts which according to the Rites of their Religion they carryed in their hands that sometimes some of them died upon it With these and other wicked acts of his he was grown into that hatred that he lost his life as he lay in his bed slain by such as were about him to the great rejoycing of the people of Rome his body after it had some time lain unburied was cast into Tyber 11. A Cardinal with great Pomp making his entrance into the City of Paris when the people were more than ordinarily earnest with him for his fatherly Benediction Quandoquidem said he hic populus vult decipi decipiatur in nomine Diaboli Since these people will be fool'd let them be fool'd in the Devils name 12. Iohn King of England having been a little before reconciled to the Pope and then receiving an overthrow in France in great anger cryed out That nothing had prosper'd with him since the time he was reconciled to God and the Pope Being also on a time a Hunting at the opening of a fat Buck See said he how the Deer hath prospered and how fat he is and yet I dare swear he never heard Mass. He is reported in some distress to have sent Thomas Hardington and Raph Fitz-Nichols Knights in Embassage to Miramumalim King of Africk and Morocco with offer of his Kingdom to him upon condition he would come and aid him and that if he prevail'd he would himself become a Mahometan and renounce his Christian Faith The end of him was that he was poysoned by a Monk of Swinstead Abbey in Lincolnshire 13. Theophylact son of the Emperour by the absolute power of the Emperour was seised of the Patriarchate of Constantinople he then became a Merchant of Horses which he so violently affected that besides the prodigious race of two thousand which he ordinarily bred he many times left the Altar where he sacrificed to the living God to hasten to see some Mare of his that had Foaled in the Stable 14. Leo the fourth Emperour of Constantinople thrust on by his covetous desire in shew of jest as another Dionysius took off the Crown from the head of St. Sophia which had been made by former Princes in honour of her not without vast expences he afterwards wore it upon his own head But his impiety passed not without its punishment for instead of Gemms Carbuncles and envenomed Pustules brake out on every part of his head so that he was constrain'd thereby to lay aside his Crown and also to depart the World 15. Paulus Graecus had revolted from Bamba King of the Goths usurped the title of the King of Spain and besides divers other evil actions of his he had taken out of a Temple in the City of Gerunda a Crown which the devout King Bamba had consecrated to St. Foelix not long after he was duly rewarded for it For he was taken by Bamba against whom he had rebelled he was brought from Nemausis a City in France to Toledo in Spain Crown'd with a Diadem of Pitch his eyes put out riding upon a Camel with his face turned towards the tail and followed all along with the reproaches and derision of all that beheld him 16. M. Crassus the Roman General going upon a Military expedition into Parthia as he passed through Iudaea his covetousness put him upon the thoughts of Sacriledge so that he risted the Temple of Ierusalem of the Treasures that were laid up in it but divine vengeance had him in chase for it for not long after he was overcome in Battel by the Parthians where he lost both his fame and life and son together with his ill gotten Goods and being found by his enemies when dead had molten Gold poured into his mouth to upbraid his covetousness 17. Mahomet the second being repulsed by the Inhabitants of Scodra in a furious assault he had made upon that City wished that he had never heard of the name of Scodra and in his choler and frantick rage most horribly blasphem'd against God most wickedly saying That it was enough for
and to celebrate the wisdom and goodness of the great Creator who hath not been so liberal in his impartments to our Progenitours but that he hath reserved something wherewith to gratifie the modest inquiries and industrious researches of after-times 1. That there were any such men as Antipodes was in former times reckoned a matter so ridiculous and impossible that Boniface Archbishop of Mentz happening to see a Tractate written by Virglius Bishop of Saltzburg touching the Antipodes not knowing what damnable Doctrine might be couched under that strange name made complaint first to the Duke of Bohemia and afterwards to Pope Zachary Anno 745. by whom the poor Bishop unfortunate only in being Learned in such a time of ignorance was condemned of Heresie Even S. Austin and Laâ—tantius and some other of the ancient Writers condemn this point of the Antipodes for an incredible ridiculous fable and venerable Bede esteemed it for no better 2. The famous King Ethelbert had this Epitaph set upon him which in those daies passed with applause Rex Ethelbertus hic clauditur in Polyandro Fana pians certus Christo meat absque Meandro King Ethelbert lies here Clos'd in this Polyander For building Churches sure he goes To Christ without Meander 3. And how low Learning ran in our Land amongst the native Nobility some two hundred years since in the Reign of King Henry the sixth too plainly appears by the Motto on the sword of the Martial Earl of Shrewsbury which was Sum Talboti pro occidere in imicos meos the best Latin that Lord and perchance his Chaplains too in that Age could afford 4. Rhemigius an Interpreter of St. Paul's Epistles Commenting upon these words A vobis diffamatus est sermo tells us that diffamatus was somewhat improperly put for divulgatus St. Paul being not very solicitous of the propriety of words Whereupon Ludovicus Vives demands What shall we say to these Masters in Israel who know not that St. Paul wrote not in Latin but in Greek 5. It appears by the rescript of Pope Zacchary to Boniface a German Bishop that a Priest in those parts baptized in this form Baptizo te in nomine patria filia spiritua sancta And by Erasmus that some Divines in his time would prove that Hereticks were to be put to death because the Apostle saith Haereticum hominem devita which it seems they understood as if he had said De vitâ tolle 6. Du Pratt a Bishop and Chancellour of France having received a Letter from Henry the eighth King of England to King Francis the first of France wherein amongst other things he wrote Mitto tibi duodecem Molossos I send you twelve Mastiff Doggs the Chancellour taking Molossos to signiâ—ie Mules made a Journey on purpose to Court to beg them of the King who wondring at such a Present to be sent him from England demanded the sight of the Letter and smiling thereat the Chancellour finding himself deceived told him that he mistook Molossos for Muletos and so hoping to mend the matter made it worse 7. The ignorance of former Ages was so gross in the point of Geography that what time Pope Clement the sixth had elected Lewis of Spain to be the Prince of the Fortunate Islands and for his aid and assistance therein had Mustered Souldiers in France and Italy our Country-men were verily perswaded that he was chosen Prince of Britain as one of the Fortunate Islands And our very Leiger Embassadours there with the Pope were so deeply settled in this opinion that forthwith they with-drew themselves from Rome and hasted with all speed into England there to certifie their friends and Country-men of the matter 8. The head of Nilus was to the Ancients utterly unknown as witnesseth Herodotus Strabo and Diodorus Siculus to which Ovid alludes Nilus in extremum fugit perterrituâ— orbem Occuluitque caput quod adhuc laâ—et Nile sled for fear to the Worlds utmost bound And hid his head which cannot yet be found But saith Pererius upon Genesis as many other things are found out unknown to the Ancients so likewise amongst others the head-spring of Nilus and that in vast Marishes near the Mountain of the Moon not far from the famous Promontory of Good Hope where is the utmost bound of the Continent according to the Latitude of the Globe of the earth Southward 9. It is very observable and indeed admirable that neither Herodotus nor Thucydides nor any other Greek Author contemporary with them have so much as mentioned tâ—e Romans though then growing up to a dreadful power and being both Europeans And for the Gauls and Spaniards the Grecians as witnesseth Budaeus in his Book De Asse were so utterly ignorant of them that Ephorus one of the most accurate Writers took Spain which he calls Iberia to be a City though the Cosmographers make the circuit of it to contain above 1136 French Miles 10. The Ancients held that under the middle or burning Zone by reason of excessive heat the earth was altogether uninhabitable but it is now made evident by experience that there is as healthful temperate and pleasant dwelling as any where in the World as appears by the relations of Benzo Acosta Herbert and others 11. They were also altogether ignorant of the New World which is known to us by the name of America or the West Indies till such time as it was discovered by Christopher Columbus a Genoan Anno 1492. 12. Arch-Bishop Parker in his Antiquitates Britannicae makes relation of a French Bishop who being to take his Oath to the Arch-bishop of Canterbury and â—inding the word Metropoliticae therein being not able to pronounce it he passed it over with Soit pour dict Let it be as spoken And others of the Clergy when they had most grossly broken Priscians head being taken in the fact their common defence was those words of St. Gregory Non debent verba coelestis oraculi subesse regulis Donati The wordâ— of the Heavenly Oracles ought not to be subject to the Rules of Donatus 13. King Alfred in his Preface upon the Pastorals of St. Gregory which he translated into English saith That when he came first to his Kingdom he knew not one Priest on the South side of the River Humber that understood his service in Latin or that could translate an Epistle into English 14. Archelaus King of Macedon was so ignorant in the things of nature that upon an Eclipse of the Sun amazed with fear he caused the Gates of the Palace to be shut up and the hair of his son to be cut off as he used in solemn mournings A further survey of the ignorance of the Ancients may be taken from a re-collection of some of the instances of the newly discovered Phaenomena at least if we believe Mr. Glanvile which are scattered as he saith under the heads of the Arts and Instruments which are as follow In
in this 1. The Marryed Clergy of England would not hear of being divorced â—rom their Wives the Bishops therefore were fain to call in the aid of the Pope Iohn de Crema an Italian Cardinal jolly with his youthful blood and gallant equipage came over into England with his bigness and bravery to bluster the Clergy out of their Wives He made a most gaudy Oration in the commendation of Virginity as one who in his own person knew well how to value such a Jewel by the loss thereof most true it is that the same night at London he was caught in Bed with an Harlot 2. Didymus the Grammarian wrote so much as no man more it fell out that upon a time when he objected against a story endeavouring to make the vanity thereof appear as a thing utterly false one of his own books was brought to him and the page laid open before him where he had related it as a truth 3. M. Crassus gaping after the Parthian riches was leading against them a gallant Army and passing through Galatia he found Deiotarus the King thereof though in extremity of old age building a New City wondering hereat he thus played upon the King What is this said he that I see the twelfth hour is just upon the stroke with thee and yet thou art about to erect a new City Deiotarus smiling replyed Nor is it over early day with my Lord General as it should seem and yet he is upon an expedition into Parthia Crassus was then in the sixtieth year of his age and by his countenance seemed to be older than indeed he was 4. Seneca that wrote so excellently of moral vertue and the commendation thereof yet himself allowed his Scholar Nero to commit incest with his own Mother Agrippina and when he wrote against Tyranny himself was Tutor to a Tyrant when he reproved others for frequenting the Emperours Court himself was scarce ever out of it and when he reproached Flatterers himself practised it in a shameful manner towards the Empress and the Freed-men whilest he inveighed against riches and rich men he heaped together inâ—inite riches by usury and unjust dealings and whilest he condemned luxury in others himself had â—ive hundred costly Chairs made of Cedar the feet of them Ivory and all other Furniture of his House answerable thereunto 5. Pericles the Athenian might do what he pleased in his Country and therefore made a sâ—aw that no mans natural or illegitimate Son should be reputed amongst the number of the Citizens or be admitted to their priviledges it fâ—ll out aâ—terwards that all his own Sons lawâ—ully begotten dyed but he had a bastard who was yet alive him he would have to enjoy the freedom of the City and so was the first violator of that law which himself had made 6. In the reign of Theodosius the Elder Gildo was the Preâ—ect of Africa who upon the death of the Emperour seised upon that Province for his own and sought to bring Massâ—lzeres his Brother into society with him in his disloyalty but he slying the Country the Tyrant slew his Wife and Children whereupon he was sent for by Arcadius and Honorius who succeeded in the Empire to go against Gildo his Brother for the recovery of that Province He went overthrew Gildo in battel having put him to death easily regained all that was lost which he had no sooner done but he fell into the same treasonable disloyalty which he had formerly so much disapproved and he himself rebelled against the Emperour who had employed him 7. C. Licinius sirnamed Hoplomachus petitioned the Pretor that his Father might be interdicted from having to do with his estate as being one that prodigally wasted and consumed it He obtained what he desired but not long after the old man deing dead he himself riotously spent a vast sum of mony and all those large lands that were lest unto him by his Father 8. C. Licinius Stolo by whose means the Plebeians were enabled to sue for the Consulship made a Law that no man should possess more than five hundred Acres of Land after which he himself purchased a thousand and to dissemble his â—ault therein he gave five hundred of them to his Son whereupon he was accused by M. Popilius Laenas and was the first that was condemned by his own Law 9. Henry the Son of Henry the fourth Emperour in the quarrel of the Pope rose against his own Father but when his Father being dead he himself was Emperour he then maintained the same quarrel about investiture of Bishops against the Pope which his Father before did CHAP. XLVI Of such persons as could not endure to be told of their Faults DIseases are sometimes more happily cured by medicines made up with bitter ingredients than they are with such sweet potions as are more delightful to the palate but there are a sort of patients so wilful that they can be wrought upon by no perswasions to take them down A just and home reproof though not very tastfull where it is well digested is of excellent use to remove some maladies from the mind the worst of it is that there are but few to be found especially amongst the great ones who can endure to be administred to in this kind 1. Cambyses King of Persia on a time desired to be truly informed by Prexaspes his beloved favourite what the Persians thought of his conditions who answered That his virtues were followed with abundant praise from all men only it was by many observed that he took more than usual delight in the taste of Wine inflamed with this taxation he made this reply And are the Persians double tongued who also tell me that I have in all things excelled my Father Cyrus Thou Prexaspes shalt then witness whether in this report they have done me right for if at the â—irst shot I pierce thy Sons heart with an Arrow then it is false that hath been spoken but if I miss the mark I am then pleased that the fame be counted true and my Subjects believed he immediately directed an Arrow towards the innocent Child who falling down dead with the stroke Cambyses commanded his body to be opened and his heart being broached upon the Arrow this monstrous Tyrant greatly rejoycing shewed it to the Father with this saying instead of an Epitaph Now Prexaspes thou maist resolve thy self that I have not lost my wits with Wine but the Persians theirs who make such report 2. Yu King of China had a Colao who at the Royal audience would not fail to tell him freely of his faults one day whether the King had given more cause or that the excess was on the Colaos part the Audience being ended the King returned into the Palace very much offended saying he would cut off the head of that impertinent Fellow The Queen asked him the cause of his displeasure the King answered There is an unmannerly Clown that never ceaseth
at Aken and his Motto was Vnita virtus valet 71. Henry the second Duke of Bavaria declared to be Emperour by the Princes Electors a wise valiant and good Emperour he subdued all his Rebels and expelled the Saracens out of Italy In his time Swaine King of Denmark invaded England and subdued it to his obedience he Reigned twenty two years say some eighteen saith Platina his Motto is Ne quid nimis 72. Conrade the second Duke of Franconia elected three years after the death of Henry in the interregnum many Cities of Italy desirous of Liberty deserted their subjection to the Emperour but Conrade was a wise and valiant Warriour and soon reduced them to their wonted obedience his Symbol was Omnium mores tuos imprimis obserâ—a he was buried at Spires 73. Henry the third Sirnamed Niger he removed three seditious Antipopes and appointed for the true Pope Clemens the second he married the daughter of Canutus the Dane then King of England Reigned seventeen years and died in the thirty fifth year of his age his Motto was Qui litem aufert execrationem in benedictionem mutat 74. Henry the fourth son of the former in whose daies the Popes began to usurp Authority over the Emperours insomuch that Leo the ninth having received the Popedom at the Emperours hands repented himself of it put off his Papal Vestments went to Rome a private person and was there new chosen by the Clergy This was done by the perswasion of a Monk called Hildebrand who being afterwards made Pope by the name of Gregory the seventh Excommunicated this Henry the first Prince that was ever Excommunicated by a Pope of Rome he was valiant wise and eloquent his son being stirred up against him he died partly of sickness and partly of sorrow his Motto Multi multa sciunt se autem nemo 75. Henry the fifth succeeded his Father went to Rome to be Crowned Emperour by Pope Paschalis the second The Pope would not consent to his Coronation except he did first give over all right of Election of the Pope and all right of investment of Bishops by Staff and Ring the Emperour griev'd with the proud carriage of the Pope laid hands upon him and his Cardinals and compelled them to perfect his Coronation and to confirm his Priviledges of Electing Popes and investiture of Bishops But the Emperour once returned into Germany the Pope revok'd all he had done and Cursed the Emperour who hearing what was done march'd to Rome with an Army the Pope fled into Apulia the Emperour departed into Germany again when wearied with his seditious Bishops over affectionate to the Pope he bought some Peace by yielding up his rights and was the last Emperour of the House of Franconia his Motto was Mortem optare malum timere pejus 76. Lotharius Duke of Bavaria seised on the Empire without any Election was reconciled to the German Princes by the means of St. Bernard Contention being betwixt Innocentius and Anacletus for the Popedom the Emperour with an Army established Innocentius he Reigned thirteen years his Motto was Audi alteram partem 77. Conrade the third Duke of Sueve and Sisters son to the Emperour Henry the fifth was Elected Emperour The Dukes of Saxony and Bavaria Rebelled against him whom he easily subdu'd After which he led an Army against the Turks and Saracens but was betrayed by the deceitful promises of Emanuel the Greek Emperour who sent him to the Siege of Iconium Meal mingled with Lime whereby the Army was empoysoned huge numbers of them died so that Conrade left the Siege of Iconium and went back to Thracia He Reigned fifteen years his Motto Pauca cum aliis tecum multa 78. Frederick the first Sirnamed Barbarossa Duke of Sueve Crowned at Rome by Adrian the fourth and not long after Excommunicated by Pope Alexander the third to whom he was fain at last to submit himself the Pope insolently treading on his neck and abusing the words of Scripture Super Aspidem Basiliscum ambulabis conculcabis leonem draconem the Emperour answered Non tibi sed Petro the proud Pope reply'd Et mihi Petro. The Emperour not willing to give any further occasion of offence held his peace and so was absolv'd and his son then Prisoner at Venice for love of whom he had done all this set at Liberty He went after to the Holy Land where he discomfited the Turks in three great Battels there he died being drown'd in a River into which he went to bathe himself he Reigned thirty and nine years was buried at Tyrus his Motto was Qui neseit dissimulare nescit regnare 79. Henry the sixth his son was declared Emperour Crowned by Pope Celestine the second who took Constantia the daughter of Rogerius out of a Monastery and gave her to him in Marriage with both Sicilyes in a way of Dowry Whereupon Henry took Tancredus the young King of Sicily put out his eyes thrust him into a Monastery and used great cruelty against the Bishops and other Inhabitants of Sicily the Pope did Excommunicate him for this but he went to Rome acknowledged his fault and obtained his pardon together with a confirmation of the Kingdom of Sicily After this the Pope solicited him to the holy War in his Journey towards Asia he died at Messina his Motto was Qui nescit tacere nescit loqui 80. Philip Duke of Sueve brother of Henry the sixth took on him the Imperial Title contrary to the mind of Innocentius the then Pope For this the Pope did Excommunicate him and caused the Bishop of Colen and other Electors to make Otho Duke of Saxony Emperour between whom and Philip were fought divers Battels but Philip so defended himself that he held the Crown Imperial all his life-time in despite of both In the end Peace was made betwixt the Emperour and the Pope not long after which the Emperour was cruelly murdered in his own Chamber by Otho Count Palatine he Reigned ten years his Motto was Satius est currere quam malè currere 81. Otho the fourth Duke of Saxony and Bavaria who married the daughter of Philip and was appointed his Successour was Crowned Emperour by Pope Innocent the third he neglecting the usual largess at his Coronation the Romans abused his Servants whereupon he departed Rome in great discontent fell upon certain Towns belonging to the Pope for whiâ—h he was Excommunicated and vanquished in Brabant by the Faction raised up against him he relinquished the Empire to his Competitor he Reigned nineteen years his Motto was Anser strepit inter olores 82. Frederick the second King of Sicily and Naples son to Henry the sixth was consecrated and called Augustus by Pope Honorius the third where he admitted what constitutions the Pope would who notwithstanding supported his Rebels against him The Emperour did expostulate the unseemliness of the deed with him who thereupon was so chafed that he Cursed and Excommunicated the Emperour but they were reconciled Then
Service he to reward him confirmed his Fathers gifts to the Roman See adding the Dukedoms of Spoleto and Benevent unto it perhaps this they call Constantines Donation he sat twenty two years ten months 98. Leo the third to get the favour of Charles the Great prostituted his Keyes and the Roman Liberties at his feet for which the Romans plucked him from his Horse and whipt him Charles coming to Rome in favour of the Pope is pronounced Emperour he sat twenty one years 99. Stephanus the fourth Decreed it should be in the power of the Clergy to Elect the Pope but not to consecrate him but in the presence of the Emperours Embassadour he sat but six months and some daies 100. Paschalis the first caused certain Parish Priests in Rome to be called Cardinals now Mates for Kings numbered about seventy but more or less at the sole pleasure of the Popes he sat six years and three months 101. Eugenius the second took the authority in the territories of the Church to create Dukes Earls and Knights as the Exarchs of Ravenna had used to do he was called the Father of the poor and sat four years 102. Valeminus the first was a man of too good hopes to hold the Chair long great his accomplishments and exemplary his life but he was soon gone for he died upon the fortieth day after his Election 103. Gregorius the fourth in his daies great was the Luxury of the Clergy against which a Synod was held at Aquisgrave this Pope sat almost sixteen years 104. Sergius the second was the first that changed his disgraceful name of Bocca di porca or Swines mouth into Sergius which precedent his Successours have since followed at their Creation changing their names 105. Leo the fourth a Romish Monk he compassed the Vatican with a Wall dispensed with Ethelwolfe to leave his Monastery and Reign in England for which he gratified his Holiness with yearly Peter-pence he sat seven years three months and six daies 106. Iohannes the eighth is by most confessed to be a woman and is usually called Pope Ioan to avoid the like disgrace the Porphyry Chair was ordained she died in Child-birth in going to the Lateran having sat one year one month and four daies 107. Benedictus the third a Roman was withstood by one Anastasius but to no purpose he made shew of great humility and therefore would not be buried in but without the Threshold of St. Peters Church he sat one year six months nine daies 108. Nicholaus the first was the first that by Law prohibited marriage to the Roman Clergy deprives Iohn of Ravenna for not stooping to him swaggers with Michael the Emperour of ....... and sat six years nine months and thirteen daies 109. Adrianus the second the Emperours Embassadour excepted against his election but had a delusive answer The Emperour Lotharius came to Rome to receive absolution of him which is much stood upon he sat four years nine months twelve daies 110. Iohannes the ninth Crowned three Emperours Charles the Bald Charles the Grosse and Lewis held a Council at Trecas drave the Saracens out of Italy and Sicily and died having sat ten years and two daies and was buried in St. Peters 111. Martinus the second a French man his father Palumbus was a Conjurer and the son got the Popedom by evil arts he did nothing worthy of memory but died having sat only one year and five months 112. Adrianus the third ordained that the Emperour should no more have to do with the Election or Confirmation of the Pope but that it should be left wholly to the Roman Clergy he died in the first year and second month of his Popedom 113. Stephanus the fifth a Roman did nothing of note only he abrogated the purging of Adultery and Witchcraft by going over burning Coulters and casting the suspected into the water he died having sat six years and eleven daies 114. Formosus the first was so ill beloved that Pope Stephen the sixth caused his body to be unburied all his acts reversed two of his fingers to be cut off and then buried amongst the Laity Sergius the third took him up again caused his head to be cut off and the body to be thrown into Tyber died the sixth month of his fifth year 115. Bonifacius the sixth a Tuscan is inserted into the Catalogue not for any thing he did but because rightly elected and indeed what could be expected to be done by him who had no longer time wherein to enjoy his Popedom for he died upon the twenty sixth day from his Election 116. Stephanus the sixth a Roman abrogated all the acts of Formosus his Predecessour which afterwards grew customary through this example the following Popes infringing if not fully cancelling all that was done by their immediate Predecessour this Pope died in the first year and third month of his Popedom 117. Romanus the first a Roman voided all the Decrees and Acts of Pope Stephen that was before him besides this he had not time to do any thing worthy of memory for he died in the third month of his Popedom 118. Theodorus the second a Roman restored the acts of Formosus and his followers were in great esteem with him in his time the Saracens broke into Apulia and made great spoil but were repelled by the Italians the Pope died having sat in his Chair only twenty daies 119. Iohannes the tenth a Roman restored the acts of Formosus and being therein opposed by the people he got to Ravenna had a Council of seventy four Bishops and therein restored the acts of Formosus and rescinded those of Stephen which done he died on the fifteenth day of his second year 120. Benedictus the fourth a Roman for his humanity and clemency created Pope nothing saith Platina was done in his time that was worthy of much praise but that in a bad time he preserved much gravity and constancy in his life and died in the fourth month of his third year 121. Leo the fifth Historians give no account of his Country he was made Prisoner by his familiar friend Christopher and thereupon is thought to have died of grief upon the fortieth day after his arrival to the Popedom 122. Christophorus the first was so base that his Country is not known having obtained the Papacy by evil arts he speedily lost it was thrust into a Monastery the then only refuge of the miserable and this in the seventh month of his Usurpation of that Seat whereof he had deprived his friend 123. Sergius the third ordained the beating of Candles in the Feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary thence called Candlemas day imprisoned Christopher rescinded the acts of Formosus and died having sat seven years four months 124. Anastasius the third a Roman made no mark of ignominy upon any of his Predecessours and lived himself with that modesty and integrity that there was nothing to be reprehended in him he died in the second year of
solicited thereto by Eva an Anchoresse he sat three years one month and four daies 190. Clemens the fourth the greatest Lawyer in France had before his Election a Wife and three Children sent Octobonus into England to take the value of all Church Revenues he sat three years 191. Gregory the tenth an Italian held a Council at Lions wherein was present Michael Paleologus the Greek Emperour who acknowledged there the Procession of the Holy Ghost from Father and Son this Pope sat four years two months and ten daies 192. Adrianus the fifth a Genoway before called Octobonus and Legate here in England in the daies of Henry the third he died before he was consecrated in the fortieth day of his Popedom 193. Iohannes the twenty second a Spaniard and Physician though a Learned man yet unskilled in Affairs he did many things with folly enough he sat but eight months 194. Nicholaus the third first practised to enrich his Kindred he raised a quarrel betwixt the French and Sicilians which occasioned the Massacre in the Sicilian Vesper he sat three years 195. Martinus the fourth a French man he kept the Concubine of his Predecessour Nicholas removed all Pictures of Bears from the Palace lest his Sweet-heart should bring forth a Bear sat four years 196. Honorius the fourth confirmed the Augustine Friers and caused the white Carmelites to be called Our Ladies Brethren he did little more but died having sat two years and one day 197. Nicholaus the fourth preferred persons solely upon respect to their vertue and died of grief to see Church and State in a remediless combustion having sat four years one month 198. Celestinus the fifth an Hermit was easily perswaded to quit the Chair the Cardinals perswading it was above his ability so he resigned was imprisoned and died he sat one year and five months 199. Bonifacius the eighth by his general Bull exempted the Clergy from being chargeable with Taxes and Payments to temporal Princes first set forth the Decretals and instituted the Feast of Iubilee 200. Benedictus the eleventh a Lombard was a man of great humility desired to compose all Brawls but was poysoned in a Figg as some say having sat eight months and seventeen daies 201. Clemens the fifth first made Indulgences and Pardons saleable he removed the Papal See from Rome to Avignon in France where it continued for seven years he sat eight years 202. Iohannes the twenty third he Sainted Thomas of Aquine and Thomas of Hereford challenged Supremacy over the Greek Church and died having sat nineteen years and four months 203. Benedictus the twelfth a man of that constancy as by no means to be sway'd from that which he judged to be right he died in the seventh year and third month of his Papacy 204. Clemens the sixth a dreadful Pestilence in Italy was in his time so that scarce a tenth man remained alive he died having sat ten years six months and twenty eight daies 205. Innocencius the sixth a Lawyer burnt Iohn de Rupe scissâ for foretelling shrewd things of Anti-Christ he sat nine years 206. Vrbanus the fifth a great Stickler for Popish Priviledges he confirmed the Order of St. Brigitt being poysoned as 't is thought he died having sat eight years and four months 207. Gregorius the eleventh returned the Papal Chair again to Rome he Excommunicated the Florentines and sat seven years five months 208. Vrbanus the sixth Gunpowder was Invented in his time he made fifty four Cardinals held a Jubilee to gather money and died having sat eleven years and eight months 209. Bonifacius the ninth scarce thirty years old when made Pope very ignorant and a great seller of Church Livings he sat fourteen years and nine months 210. Innocentius the seventh demanded the Moiety of Ecclesiastical Benefices both in France and England but was stoutly denied he sat but two years 211. Gregorius the twelfth swore to resign for the peace of the Church but collusion discerned betwixt him and Benedict both were outed 212. Alexander the fifth a Cretan a man of great Sanctity and Learning he deposed Ladistaus King of Naples and Apulia and sat but eight months 213. Iohannes the twenty fourth of Naples by his consent a Council was Assembled at Constance where himself was deposed 214. Martinus the fifth condemned Wickcliffè burnt Iohn Husse and Ierome of Prague his Followers he sat fourteen years odd months 215. Eugenius the fourth a Venetian refused to appear at the Council of Basil who thereupon deposed him he sat sixteen years 216. Nicholaus the fifth of Genoua in his time the Turks took Constantinople he built the Vatican and died in the eighth year of his Papacy 217. Calistus the third a Spaniard sent Preachers throughout Europe to animate Princes to War against the Turks sat but three years 218. Pius the second an Italian approved of the marriage of the Clergy and turned out divers Cloystered Nuns and sat six years 219. Paulus the second exceeded all his Predecessours in Pomp and Shew enrich'd his Miter with all kind of precious Stones honoured the Cardinals with a Scarlet Gown and reduced the Jubilee from fifty to twenty five years 220. Sixtus the fourth ordained a Guard to attend his Person was the first Founder of the Vatican Library and brought in Beads sat thirteen years 221. Innocentius the eighth of Genoua much given to excess in drinking and venery he sat seven years and ten months 222. Alexander the sixth first openly acknowledged his Nephews as they call their Bastards to be his sons was incestuous with his daughter and gave himself to the Devil he sat eleven years 223. Pius the third sought to hunt the French men out of Italy but died in the interim of an Ulcer in his Leg having sat twenty five daies 224. Iulius the second more Souldier than Prelate passing over a Bridge of Tyber threw his Key into the River and brandished his sword Excommunicated Lewis of France and sat nine years three months 225. Leo the tenth burnt Luther's Books declaring him an Heretick Luther did the like at Wittenberge with the Popes Canon Law declaring him for a Persecutor Tyrant and the very Antichrist 226. Adrian the sixth a Low-Country man made shew at his entrance of Reformation but was diverted the Lutherans began to spread and the Turks to approach these and other things broke him so that he died in his second year 227. Clemens the seventh of Florence in his time Rome was Sack'd and the Pope made Prisoner by the Duke of Burbon the Popes Supremacy cast off in England by King Henry the eighth some say he died of the lowsie disease 228. Paulus the third called the Council at Trent prostituted his Sister committed incest with his daughter poysoned her husband attempted the chastity of his Neece found in the act he was marked by her husband he was a Necromancer 229. Iulius the third gave his Cardinals Hat to a Sodomitical boy called Innocentius in his time Casa