a Polititian 24 The Restitution of those Jewels the Prince left in Spain for the Infanta notwithstanding the breach of the Treaty 31 The Reign of this King of Spain less succesfull then of his Predicessors 58 The first Race of the Neapolitans 60 A Remarkable story of the Marquiss Oliverio 61 A Remarkable story of the Neapolitan revenge ib. The Revenues of Naples above three millions yearly in proem Not able to pay the King of Spains interest to Genoa ibid. A Relation of the revolt of Portugal 41 Rome hath more men and Naples more people Rome hath more Comendams and Naples more Cavaliers 24 S THe Sulphurious quality of the Soil cause of the fertility of Naples in proem A Saying of Pythagoras in proem The Shaking condition of the Monarchy of Spain in proem Self-conquest the greatest victory 2 The Strange carriage of a Spanish Captain towards King Philip the second 15 A Strange opinion the Spaniards had of the English since they dserted Rome 20 The Spanish Ambassadors plot against Buckingham in England 37 The Subtil information which they gave King Iames against him 37 The Solemn complaint which Sir Walter Ashton made in Spain against the said Ambassador 38 The whole plot detected in the said complaint 39 The Spanish Ambassadors instead of punishment are rewarded ib. Spain and England break out into a short war ib. Seven Secretaries attended Masanello 50 A Strange Tale of a Neapolitan horse towards his rider 61 A strange Story of Olivares his bastard 59 A Saying of Olivares at his fall 60 T THe Tumults of Masanello like a candle burning at both ends in proem The Conquest of the Philippine Islands by Philip the second 10 The successes of this world compared ib. The disasters of Philip the second ib. The ill successes of Mestogan ib. The ill success at los Gelues ib. The ill success at Granada 11 The ill success at Goletta d' Tumi ib. The notable temper of Philip the second ib. The grounds that Philip the second pretended for invading of England ib. The ill offices which Q. Eliz. did Philip of Spain ib. The disaster of the invincible Spanish Armada 88 12 The taking of Cales by the Earl of Essex ib. The tragical end of Masanello 52 Two pound of brains found in Olivares skul when he was opened 60 A huge Tempest role when he was going to be buried ib. V MOre Vicissitudes in Naples then in any other Country in proem Veâ—â—vius fires prophetical in proem De Valdes gets Florida from the French 10 The Vow made by Philip the second to build the Escurial 7 The Vastness of that building being called the eight wonder of the world 14 A Very great clash in Naples betwixt the Duke of Matalone and the Prince of Sanza 40 Vasconcellos the Portugal Secretary murthered Viceroy Ognate did notable service in Naples 60 Viceroy of Naples the Duke of Arco's reproached by young Don Iohn of Austria 55 An Vniversal sadness in Spain for the breach of the match with England 31 W THe Wonderfull progress of Masanello in a few daies in proem The Witchcraft of the Mahumetan 10 Wise sayings of Philip the second upon sundry occasions 14 His Wise comportment towards an insolent Captain 15 His Wonderfull temper ib. Of the four VVives of Philip the second 16 His Wise comportment and sayings upon the death of his eldest son 17 A Wise Speech of Charls the Emperour concerning Kings 16 Another touching Spain and England 20 A Wise Speech of this King of Spains Nurse â—8 Waies extraordinary that Olivares had to enrich himself 57 Waies extraordinary to raise the King money ib. Sir Walter Ashtons memorial to the King of Spain for the miscarriage of his Ambassadors in England 37 Wise waies which Philip the second had to decide controversies 16 THE DESCRIPTION OF THE KINGDOM OF NAPLES THe Kingdom of Naples otherwise called the Great Sicilia which from Faro lieth as it were almost an Island inclosed with three Seas the Tirren Ionian and Adriatick hath in circuit a thousand four hundred and twenty miles being accounted only by land from the mouth of the River Vsent to that of Tronto a hundred and fifty miles These two Rivers the one runneth into the Tirren the other into the Adriatick Seas where are contained besides a little part which there remaineth of Latium many Regions which the people of the Country call for their greatness Provinces the which according to the division made by the Emperor Frederick the second by King Charls the first by King Alfonsus the first by the Catholick King and by Don Ferdinando the Catholick King are these The Land of Lavoro the Principality on this side the Principality on the other side Basilicata Calauria on this side Calauria on the other side the Land of Otronto the Land of Bary Abruzzo on this side Abruzzo on the other side the County of Molise and Capiâ—anata There are also adjacent unto the said Kingdom under every Province certain Islands very near lying round about as in the Tirren Sea directly against Terracina and at Gaeta are Ponza and Pandaria now called Palmarola by Pliny called Pandatena and by Strabo Pandria and Pandaria and directly against Mola Palmosa is Parthenope so called by Ptolâ—my now commonly called Bentetiene and against Pozzuolo is Ischia which anciently had three names Inarime Pitacuse and Enaria There are near Ischia Prochita and the Isle Nessi the one now called Procita and the other Nisita There is against the Cape of Minerva the Isle Capri and Sirenusse directly against Passitano which are two little Isles the one called Gale the other St. Peter Opposite to Tropeia and to Ricadi are the Isles Eolie which were only inhabited by the Lipari which compasseth sixteen miles all the rest are solitary and desert and retain also the ancient names of Stromboli and Vulcan from whence continually ariseth fire and smoke In the Adriatick Coast are Rasato and Gargano directly against Varrano and the four Isles of Diomedes which now by one name are called Tremite which are but little but of the two greater the first is called St. Mary of Tremite the other St. Doimo and the two lesser the one Gatizzo and the other Capara These are the Isles of any name except the Rocks which are comprehended in the Confines of the Kingdom of Naples This fortunate and great Realm exceedeth all other Kingdoms not only by reason of the situation lying in the midst of the fifth Climate which is held the most temperate part of the world but also for the great abundance of all good things being not any thing to be desired which is not there to be found of so great perfection and in so great plenty It is Inhabited by people so warlike and generous that herein it gives place not to any other Country I will not say only of Italy but of all the world besides being a thing well known to all men that the most valiant
Christendom which he knew wel the King their Master did desire with that vehemency so he brought Ashton to joyn with him in pursuance of the busines which was at so fair a pass that they both made of them a great number of rich Liveries against the wedding day the Infanta went by the name of Princess of Wales and the English Ambassadors wold not be coverd before her she had got som extraordinary Masses to be sung for the Prince's safe return to England She had divers new Sutes made for the Prince of rich perfumd Cordovan som embroyderd with Perl som with Gold some with Silk She studied the English language and wore Chapins or high shoos which no young Ladies usd to do in Spain till they are either betrâ—thd or married Moreover the King of Spain had a purpose to make a Daughter of his a Christian and his Sister a Wife the same day and to that end had commanded that the Baptism and the Marriage shold be solemnizd together to which end a long Tarass was raysd from his Royall Palace to the next Church all coverd with rich Tapistry All the Grandees were summond to be then at Court and the great Ordinance were ordered to be discharged in all the Maritime Towns upon such a day So the long wishd for Ratification came at last compleat and full but as the Stars wold have it as the busines was upon its last period there come four Posts from England within the space of 24 hours with a new Commission from King Iames to the Earl of Bristol intimating that wheras he treated before singly of a match he shold now joyn the Palatinat with it and have a categoricall conclusive answer from the King of Spain for the restitution of it for he wold not marry his son with joy and leave his daughter in tears This struck a strange kind of consternation in the hearts of all men at Madrid who wishd that the Postillions which brought the new Commission to Bristoll had all broke their necks on the way the Infanta retird her self and wore a kind of mourning for som daies and an universall sadness appeard in all faces Hereupon the Earl of Bristol going to the King of Spain to demand a surrender of the Palatinat He answer'd that it was not in his power to do it for hee could not command an Emperour in whose hands it was with whom if England would entertain a Treaty if the Emperour and the Duke of Bavaria wold not com to terms of reason the same arm which got the sayd Palatinat for his Oncle the Emperour shold joyn with the King of England to reconquer it for his son in law But this not satisfying Bristol receiv'd Letters of Revocation and so going to take his leave of the King he pulld off a ring of 1500 l. price off his finger and gave it him sending him afterwards a Cup-board or old Plate valued at 20000. duckets The Prince at his departure left a great rope of Pearl and many boxes of Jewels more for the Infanta valued at 400000. crowns but she would not receive any till the Nuptiall day so they were kept in the custody of one of the Secretaries of State But notwithstanding that intelligence was sent how the two Treaties of Match and Palatinat were dissolv'd by act of Parlement in England and that they were preparing for a War yet the Spaniard comanded the sayd Jewels to be deliverd up to the English Ambassador which after were sent safely to England Out of the premisses it may be inferrd that the Spanyard did really intend a match with England which he saith he hath not broken to this day In Spain the King was young and his Favorit old it was clean contrary in England which made the world abroad to wonder that King Iames shold be transported by the Councell of a young Favorit as to suffer him to strain the conscience of his son so far as to break the Match now most remarkable it is that as the Parlement serv'd him for an Instrument to do it so the Parlement was the chief instrument afterwards of his ruin Thus the Spanish Match which amus'd the world so long and assorded such matter of discours was suddenly dashd that Fabrique which was a rearing so many yeers and brought to such a point of perfection that it only wanted a cover fell down in a moment A little before these times the Duke of Ossuna a little man but of a mighty spirit was Vice-roy of Naples where he had comitted more extravagances then any Vice-roy ever did He raisd a War against the Venetian for a property of Dominion in som part of the Adriatic gulph wherin he causd the Signory to spend much treasure but afterwards it was found that this War was grounded rather upon the Capricio of his brain then any just reason Therupon the King of Spain sent the Cardinall Borja to seize upon the government of Naples and send home the Duke prisoner if he found cause The Cardinall carried the busines very privatly and being com to a little Iland neer Naples the sagacious Duke smelling somthing sent a Bishop to entertain and wait upon him but it was indeed to serve as a Spy to observe his motions The Cardinal made a shew to go a hunting one day in a Sedia wher he had appointed one to be habited just like him in another Sedâ—a the Bishop being in the Field all the while and seeing a man like him in the Sedia he thought the Cardinal was still there but the Cardinal had privatly got away to the Marine where he had a Soldiers habit for a disguise and a Felucca ready for transporting him to Naples leaving the Bishop waiting stil upon the counterfeit Cardinal in the Field having divers confidents in the Castle where the Duke was he got thither at the close of the day over a small draw-bridg and surprized the Duke so signal being given to the Town the Bells rung and the great guns went all suddenly off so the Collaterall Councell came to salute the new Vice-roy and Ossuna was sent prisoner to Spain with these severall accusations Accusations wherewith the most faithfull Citie of Naples doth charge the Duke of Ossuna I. THat against his Majesties will he entertained a great number of Soldiers who by their miscarriages have committed many outrages rapes and robberies and if any complaind against them the Plaintiffs were sent away with threatnings and checks insteed of satisfaction from the Duke II. He did put his Majesties patrimony in distribution as it appeares by the accounts of the Kings Chamber besides he wasted much of the common treasury of the Town depriving her of many priviledges III. When he sent Soldiers to be billeted in divers parts of this Kingdom the poor people to rid themselves of the trouble charge us'd to resort to the Marchiones of Campolataro whom they were forced to bribe with presents to do them good offices IV. He causd
Order The Siege provd very obstinat for four months and the Canons played upon the walls of Malta incossantly which batterd som of them down to the ground destroyed multitudes of houses killd within the Town 7000. of all ages and Sexes with 2000. Cavalliers and Commanders of all Nations who had sacrified their lives for the preservation of Malta and therby transmitted their Fame to Posterity Don Garcia de Toledo hereupon returnd triumphantly with his Fleet to Naples where the three Castles and the Church of Carmine saluted him with sundry Volleys of great Shot The next Design was no less succesfull to Philip for he made himself absolut Master of Melilla notwithstanding that the Mahumetans added witch-craft to their Stratagems of War to over-throw the Spaniards A little after Philip understanding that Florida which belongd to him by right of discovery being part of new-found World was colonied and usurpd by a Plantation of French Hugonots whom he abhorrd as Hereticks in his opinion the chief wherof was Iohn Riblaut King Philip commanded eight Galeons with 1500. Soldiers to be made ready at Caâ—es appointed Pedro Melendez de Valdez Commander in chief giving him the title of Adelantado or Governour of Florida after a prosperous Navigation thither he assaulted a Fort which the French-men had built and he pursued the point of his Design with that vigor that he subdued it with the loss of a 150. men and so driving the French into the Mountains and Desarts he made himself Master of the Country upon Michaelmas day The next yeer he sent Sea and Land Forces towards the Luzones Ilands which ly the South-east which had bin discoverd by Magellan before And he imployed upon this Service Michael Lope de Legaspe who had such prosperous success that arriving at the I le of Zebu he was receivd with much humanity and frendship by Tupas who ruld ther as King so he built ther a Town calld Saint Michel with a strong Fort and having som Fryers aboard he raysd ther the Standard of the Cross and many of the Indians were reducd to Christianity in a short time acknowledging the Catholic King for their Lord Paramount many Iles more wherof ther is such an infinity rendred themselfs and in honor of the King they were Christned las Philippinas making a Town calld Manila the chief wher afterwards the Christian Vice-roys resided and much about that time the Frontire Town twixt Champagne and Germany took his name and is calld Philipsburg to this day All this while King Philip had the wind in the Poupe and Fortune on the Fore-castle but now growing old that inconstant Female fell from him and turnd her back and as commonly one good Success coms not alone so disaster and misfortunes when they once com they com like the Surges of the Sea and one wave upon the neck of another And indeed the affairs of this instable World are nothing but Vicissitudes composd of good and bad events The first frown thaâ— Fortune did cast upon King Philip was under the Command of the Conde of Alcaudete at Mostagan in Barbary wher the said Conde was slain by the Forces of the Xariphe a petty Morisco King and so the enterprizd fayld Not long after the Napolitan Gallies with other Christian Forces had very lamentable success at Los Gelves neer Tripoli wher most of the Christian Fleet perishd Don Alvaro Commander in chief was taken prisoner and presented to Piali the Turks General but ther was a great deal of rashness and imprudence usd in the conduct of that expedition which hapned in the yeer 1570. For had the Christian Army set upon Tripoli which was a place not so strong in the ey of reason and all humane probability they might have taken it having a competent strength to do it for the Army consisted of 12000. Soldiers besides Commanders 38. Galeons and 26. Gallies but as Marriages so Victories are decreed in Heaven Another disastrous Accident hapned in the Port of Herradura in the Kingdom of Granada wher Don Iohn of Mendosa son to Bernardin de Mendoza Vice-roy and Captain-Generall of Naples who having a considerable Fleet wherin ther were 3500. land Soldiers which were to be quarterd in the Kingdom of Valentia wher an Insurrection was feard there blew upon a sudden such a furious gust of an East-wind that most of the Fleet perishd and above 5000. Souls But this mis-fortune was inferior to that which hapned three yeers after which was in 1574. when Aluch-Ali that famous Turkish Generall came with a formidable Army to the coasts of Barbary wherwith he made himself Master of Goletta and Tunis wher above 200. peeces of Ordinance were found which the Enemy made prize of with other rich Booties they destroyed all the Churches and Monasteries except the great Church which was preservd by a ransom of money This crowd of Disasters ushering in one another besides that costly and remote War in Flanders might in any mans judgment have daunted the spirits of King Philip who before had bin so long habituated to good success for as the morall Philosopher tells us Miserum est fuisse felicem One of the worst kind of unhappiness is to have bin happy but he was a Prince of a marvailous aequanimity and temper one who had long studied the mutable condition and lubricities of this world insomuch that these crosser traverses did rather heighten his mind then depress it for not long after he riggd a mighty Fleet upon a great Dessign no less then for the conquest of England which he thought to swallow at a bit which shews that neither his spirits nor treasure was wasted notwithanding the vast expences in the Flemmish Wars and so many millions that he buried in building the Escuriall The ground of this hardy Enterprize upon England was that he had receivd divers Indignities and his Subjects much damage from his Sister Queen Elizabeth though for his part he ever since the death of his wife Queen Mary forbore to do any thing that might displease her during his aboad in England he had don her such signall and high favors as to preserve her head from the Scaffold to have her allowance enlargd to divert her Sister from a design she had to send her beyond Sea to be a Nun and at his departure from England he desired not to carry with him but one Ring of 100 l. price nor demanded he any thing of his wifes moveables after her death And lastly he had shewed no small love for comprehending the surrendry of Calais to the English in his treaty of peace with France But in lieu of these Plums he gave her she threw the stones at him by assisting Don Antonio the Bastard against him about the Title of Portugal by fomenting his own naturall Subjects against him in the revolt of the confederat Provinces as far as to send a Governor of her own amongst them by giving commissions to rob him in the Indies by intercepting som
habbiamo da mangiare Che servar vogliam per l' altro giorno Subito si stan dicendo intorno Da nobia hodié Et se di questi noj ci lamentiamo Vengono sopra noj con tanto ardire Che senza dubbio siam forzati a dire Dimitte nobis Et se in tutto no li contentiamo Metton tutta la casa in disbaratto â—â—iâ—ando contra noi non haver â—attâ— Debita nostra Appresso a questo ogni male e poco Per voler contentar tutte lor voglie â—oglion anchor dormir con nostre moglie Sicut nos Et se qual cosa noi gli diciamo Voto a Dios os dare de cuchi lladas Tal che por nollevar de bastonadas Dimittiâ—â—s Vn altra cosa mi manoava a dire Son tanto rei perfidi ed avari Che voglion anchor riscuoter j danari Debitoribus nostris Gran Dio dacci nostra libertade Anticha da qui avanti Sotto il jugo de usurpanti Ne nos inducas Sotto il Francese piu franchi vissimo Má so questi remanemo tutti Diventati pur schiavi per forza indutti In tentationem Che habbia haunto piu variabil fato Che noi non e's nation nissuna No vengi frá noi altro com Ossuna Sed libera nos a malo Mentre che di noi tenghin â—il governo Questi maluaggi altieri popoli Non possiamo dire que di Napoli Nam tuum est Regnum The Lamentations of Naples PItty O pitty for all hopes are vain Releive my oppressed Christians That they be not torn to peeces by Barbarians O our Father These are they who under the hard Cross Have made and will make war against Thee And they wold use thee worse if thou wert on Earth Which art in Heaven When these Scabbs enter our houses Devoutly with their Beads in hand They seem so holy as if their mouths were Hallowed They make themselves Masters the first day And look about what things are fit for Prey Then they prophane a thousand times a day Thy name The first thing a Spaniard doth He skulking goes in every part of the house And if there be any thing that like 's he sayes Let come Bring hither Sirrah he sayes unto the Master With a swelling breast and such high looks As if with the Giants he wold assault Thy Kingdom Sirrah bring here those Hens and Capons Or els I will hurl thee out of thy window So he obeys saying with a trembling voice Thy will be done O Lord I implore thee for thy passion To free us from these ravenous Wolfs And grant that justice may be done In Earth as it is in Heaven And if perchance we have any thing in store And reservd for another time They presently cry out and bawl Give us this day A poor man who goes to gain a living At the yeers end can scarce put up a penny For these Spanish Dogs continually devour Our daily bread And if by chance they go upon the score Which they too often use to do With swelling words and threats they say Forgive us our debts And we must do it with speed Wiping off their Scores in their presence So that we must forgive them not As we forgive our Debtors Great God restore us our liberties With our ancient Laws and Customes Under the Iron yoak of Usurpators And lead us not We livd far better under the French But under this half-moorish people We are becom pure Slaves and daily brought Into temption There is no people hath had and felt More miseries and chances then we Lord let there not com among us another Ossuna But deliver us from evil While these Tyrants sit at the Healm And grind our face ni this manner Lord it cannot be sayed that Naples For thine is the Kingdom IT hath been formerly related how illfavoredly matters went betwixt England and Spain after the return of the Prince of Wales for the Treaties both of Match and Palatinat were dissolvd by Act of Parliament where the Puritan bore the greatest sway and the Duke of Buckingham made use both of Parliâ—ment and Puritan to bring that work about but there being at that time two Ambassadors extraordinary in England and finding that it was chiefly by the practises of Buckingham that the Match was broken they practisd also how they might break his neck and demolish him likewise King Iames was old and they knew the least thing wold make impressions of jealousie in him therfore by a notable way of plotting they gave him intelligence at a privat audience of a dangerous conspiracy against his Royall Authority by the Duke of Buckingham and his Complices The manner of which Conspiracy may be best understood out of the following memoriall or information that Sir Walter Aston remaining still Ambassador in Spain did present unto that King which was as followeth and being so remarkable a passage I thought it worthy to take place here To the King SIR SIr Walter Aston Ambassador to the King of great sayth that the King his Master hath commanded him to represent unto your Majesty that having declard to your Majesty the reasons why he could receive no satisfaction by your Majesties answer of the fift of January and that therby according to the unanimous consent of his Parliament he came both to disolve the treaties of Match and Palatinat he hath receivd another answer from your Majesty wherin he finds less grounds to build upon and having understood that neither by the Padr Maestro or your Majesties Ambassadors who have assisted these daies passd in his Court there was somthing to be propounded and declard touching the busines of the Palatinat wherby he might receive contentment The sayed Ambassadors untill now have not sayed any thing at all to any purpose which being compard with other circumstances of their ill carriage he gathers and doubts that according to the ill affection and depraved intentions wherwith they have proceeded in all things but specially in one particular they have labourd to hinder the good correspondence and so necessary and desired intelligence should be conservd with your Majesty Furthermore he saith that the King his Master had commanded him to give account to your Majesty that in an Auaience which he gave to the Marquess of Inoiosa and Don Charlos Coloma they under cloak and pretext of zeal and particular care of his person pretended to discover unto him a very great conjuration against his perâ—â—n and Royall Dignity which was that at the beginning of this Parliament the Duke of Buckingham had consulted with certain Lords and others of the arguments and means which were to be taken for the breaking and dissolving of the treaties both of Match and Palatinat and their consultations passd so far that if his Majesty wold conform himself to their counsels they wold give him a house of pleasure whither he might retire himself to his sports in regard that the Prince had now yeers
not denouncd between England and Spain which lasted not long being meerly navall for in the compass of a short time ther was a peace peecd up again twixt the two Crowns insomuch that Trade after this small in eâ—ruption did resâ—â—rish mightily specially in the Dominions of Naples The Duke of Medina de las Torres being Viceroy in that Kingdom ther hapned an extraoâ—dinary accident the occasion was given at a Ball where ther was a great confluence of the principall Noblemen and Ladies The Duke of Matalone the chief of the Carassas and potentest Familie in that Kingdom conceivd he had receivd an affront from the Prince of Sanza at the Ball wherupon he hird a Valenton or Swashbuckler to dâ—y-beat and cane â—im Heâ—upon the Prince went and raised Forces in Campania and so thought to revenge a privat injury in a public way the Viceroy having notice of it raisd another considerable Army which dispersed the other so that the Prince of Sanza was forc'd to fly to â—ome wheâ— he took Sanctuary The Dukes of Medina and Matalone devisd how they might seize upon him so there was a paction made with Iulio Puzzolo a great Bandito at such a price who going disguisd to Rome about it and understanding who was Prince Sanzas Mistress and where he usd to hear Mass he sent a Message to him into the Church that his sayed Mistreâ—s was fallen very sick theâ—fore she desird to speak with him out of hand so going up into the Coach which he thought had bin sent for him that stood at the Church-door the Bandito with his Complices surprizd him and hurried him away to Naples where a little after he was beheaded The Pope sent six hundred Light-horse presently after to redeem the Prince but the Bandito was too nimble for them and wheeling about by infrequented waies had got into the Territories of Naples before whence he carried him away cleer and so receivd his price of blood and they promised reward Philip the fourth entring young into his Government took the Count of Olivares for his Privado and chief Pilot for the conduct of all State affairs a man wonderfull sedulous but not so succesfull for the King grew alwaies to be on the loosing hand while he put him at the Helm One of the first losses he had was that of Ormus the chiefest Mart in the world for all sorts of Jewels so that if the Earth were compard to a Ring Ormus might be calld the Gemm of that Ring It was taken by the assistance of three English Merchants Ships who were then upon the Coasts of Persia The Sophy Embargud and hired them for the Service promising them the spoyles of the Church and of the Monasteries of Ormus being encouragd hereby they fought notably and helped to finish the business so accordingly they had the Plunder of all the Religious houses in Ormus which they carried aboard and it was an incredible masse of treasure they took specially in Jewels but it did not prosper for the English Ship Pearl being the Admiral and laden with that rich spoil perisht in the Port with all her Cargazond the other two making for England one of them was cast away in Alto Mari in open Sea the other being com into the narrow Seas as she set Sail upon a Sunday morning a horrid tempest did rise which was so impetuous that by the fury therof she was carried away to the Coasts of Holland where she perisht but Captain Cartwright had preservd himself with a Girdle of Jewels about him of six thousand pounds value which did not peosper for going to Russia to push on his fortunes he grew to be extreamly poor A little after Goa fell from the Spaniard many Towns in Flanders were lost the Condado de Rossillon at the foot of the Pyrenean Hills with the Kingdoms of Catalonia and Portugal quite revolted from him The first flew off because of the free quarter the Castillian Soldiers took as they passd through Catalonia towards Italy and the Fry grew suddenly so furious that the Vice-roy himself was murthered in his Coach with others the Kings Seals were all broken and they put themselves under the protection of the French Touching Portugal they took the advantage of those comotions in Catalonia and likewise quite revolted from the Castillian whom they hate above all other Mortalls They Crownd Iohn Duke of Braganza for their King under whom the Government in a very short time was so generally establishd as if it had bin a hundred yeers a doing It seems that after the revolt of Catalonia there were som fears had of Portugal and jealousies of the Duke of Braganza therfore to put him out of the way he waâ— proferd to be the Governor of Milan but he made a modest excuse Then it was given out cunningly that the King was going in person to Catalonia therfore notice was given that the Duke of Braganza with the rest of the Nobles shold attend the Kings Standard but he still excusd himself Hereupon the King of Spain to endear the Duke or rather to secure him unto him the more sent him a Commission to be Generall of all the Militia of Portugal referring it to his free Election where to fix and in what place he pleasd neer Lisbon the Capitall Citty And withall he sent him for supply of his privat occasions a royall Token of sixty thousand Duckets but it seems t was a Crown that he aimd at not Duckets 〈◊〉 none of these proffers or reall favours could detain him from shaking off all alleageance to King Philip neer whom he was bred most part of his yeers The Dutchess of Savoy King Philips Ant then Governess in Lisbon had formerly sent advices one upon the neck of another how she apprehended som fear of an Insurrection in Portugal but Olivares slighted her Avisos giving out that she was a silly woman fitter to govern a Family then a Kingdom therfore he sent her word that if she did not comprehend the services of State at least she shold not detect them Not long after som of the chief Nobility had a clanâ—ular close meeting at Lisbon where it was proposed that the Kingdom shold be reduced into a Common-wealth but that design provd but an Embryon which dyed suddenly before it could receive any shape Then the Arch-bishop of Sevill stood up and councelld them to cast their eyes upon the Duke of Braganza the Native and rightfull Heir The motion was approvd of so one Gaston Cotigno a pragmaticall man and a nimble smoothd toungd Instrument for such a business and one who abhorrd the Castilians to the very death was employd unto the Duke then at a privat house of his he told him that now there was a pregnant opprtunity offerd for him to recover his Ancestrall right to the Crown of Portugal that Fortune seldom proffers a man a Kingdom He told him of the fair hope to bring the business about he told him of the generall inclinations
Armes till the confirmation of what the Vice-roy had stipulated before were com from the King of Spain as it was agreed it shold be sent three months after In the mean time Don Iohn of Austria was com hard by with a Fleet of five and forty Galeons and sent word to the Citty that if they were desirous to have a peace and generall pardon the people shold lay down Armes and send them to the Vice-roy to the Castle this they wold not do but offerd to lay them up in their houses untill the Treaty shold be concluded so matters fell off the hinges more then ever the three Castles shot at the Town by Land and Don Iohn by Sea with his great Guns from his Galeons and Gallies which made such a hideous noise as if Heaven and Earth wold meet and in the Town the huge Canons from the Tower of Carmine played incessantly so there grew a perfect War twixt the Cittie and the Castles a great number of fair houses were burnt heads chopd off and the great Bell of Saint Laurence rung out for signall of War The Spaniards on the one side put all to fire and Sword the people on the other side burnt the Goods and destroyed the houses of any whom they suspected Many bloody Skirmiges happend in divers places Don Iohn sent a Cavalier of quality to the Captain-Generall of the people to know the ground of this fury and why they were so active in their own destruction with the ruine of so many innocent Souls and such a glorious Citty but word was sent him back that when the Confirmation was com from the Court of Spain they wold send him a civill answer till then t was but just they shold stand upon their Guard and repell any force by that power which God and Nature had given them for the defence of themselves and their liberties together with their Wives and Children yet with this resolution to continue in a constant obedience to his Catholic Majesty and not to listen to the enchantments of any forrain Prince who began to tamper with them already for a Revolt The Duke of Mataloni in these Confusions did many materiall Services to the Spaniards by sending them recruits of horse and foot from the Country At last the people grew jealous of their Elect and Captain-Generall Prince Turaldo and so gave him his pass-port to hasten to the other world without a head so they chose in his place one Gennaro Arnese a man of a far inferior quality In this hurly-burly the French King sent the people a proffer of two millions of gold with twenty Galeons eighteen Gallies and forty Tartanas which message was sent by a person of quality from â—he French Ambassador resident at Rome The Citty embracd the proposall and so employd an express to go to Rome and treat so a little after the cry up and down the streets of Naples was Viva la Francia let France live and in som places let the Parliament of England live which continued divers daies Don Iohn of Austria and the Vice-roy having notice of these practises twixt the Citty and France were much troubld therat thereupon they got the Pope to usâ— his Spirituall Armes so this Nuncio in Naples desired to have audience in his Holines name Gennaro Arnese gave it him all clad in cloth of Silver the Nuncio told him that he had receivd an express Mandamus from his Holines brought by a person of quality to exhort the City to conform to a serious treaty of peace otherwise the holy Church must do her duty Gennaro answerd that there could not be expected a sudden answer to so grave a message therfore the most faithfull people desird som respit of time to consult of it so the Nuncio parted and som did laugh in their sleeves at him insomuch that this message took no effect at all The next day after there was a Feluca discoverd chasd by two Gallies but narorwly scaping them she came safe to Port she brought in her the Duke of Guise with foru Servants only who was all this while at Rome he was receivd into the Town with wonderfull applause he told them that his Christian Majesty had an Army in a readines to assist the most faithfull people so they resolvd to make him their Generall and the next day he went to the Archâ—bishops Palace to take an Oath of fidelity to the people which he did upon the hearing of Masse and receiving the holy Communion Now the Napolitan Nobles had a considerable Army in the Country about therfore the Duke of Guyse desired to have six thousand Foot and a thousand Horse to go find them out which he did at Aversa but he was utterly routed with losse of above three hundred upon the place and many more wounded and so returnd to Naples The sixth of December there was a Truce concluded for three howers during which time Don Iohn sent notice to the Citty of a Letter sent from his Catholic Majesty wherin he ratified all the Capitulations of peace agreed on by the Duke of Arcos the Letter being sent to the Elect of the people and communicated to the Duke of Guise the sayd Duke seemd to exhort the people to accept of it in regard their King had therin made concession unto them of so many signall graces Therupon the Rabble of the people boyling with heat cryed out that they wold be cut to peeces rather then be slaves to the Spanish Nation any longer therupon the Duke took a Medail from his brest and told them his Christian Majesty had given him that Medail for a pledg that whensoever he sent to him for an Army he shold have one forthwith and he told them there was one already prepard therfore he desired that som Felucas might be dispatchd towards Tolon to hasten their coming which was done accordingly So it was decreed that the Duke of Guise from that day forward shold be treated with Highness others wâ—ld have him in imitation of Venice to be tearmd Doge of the Napolitan Republic A few dayes after the French Fleet was discoverd which consisted of eight and twenty Vessels the arrivall therof did fill and affect the whole Citty with such a tripudiant humor of joy that people went dancing and singing up and down the streets The French Fleet appeard in form of a half Moon but durst not com in reach of the three Castles or the Spanish Fleet then in Port but kept their distance yet they landed divers sorts of Provision for the use of the Citty they came up to the point of Pusilipo and got off cleer again The first day of the yeer there came Letters from divers places in Apulia that they had twenty thousand good Combatants in a readiness to assist the Royall Republic of Naples The Duke of Arcos began now to be disaffected by the Royall party as well as by the people insomuch that the high Collaterall Councell in the Castle sent him
but to take order for the preservation of your life be quiet so he took his Sword which was by his beds-head and causd a steel Cabinet to be carried away telling him it shold be returnd him again after som papers of his were perusd so the King departed leaving a guard upon him There was a huge murmur the next day all the Court over that the Prince shold be thus made a Prisoner being the greatest heir in the world but the King the next day writ to all his Vice-roys and chief Officers that they shold not much wonder at this sudden action or be too inquisitive to know the cause of it or trouble themselves to intercede for the Prince let it suffize for them to know that it tended to the common good that he was his Father and knew what belongd to things He sent also to all the Ambassadors at Court not to intermeddle or trouble themselvs about this business the Prince being thus restraind and his humors being as fiery as the season which was the Dog-daies he drunk much water coold with snow out of an artificiall Fountain he had which with som other excesses and disorders made him fall into a double Tertian he afterwards fell a vomiting and to a dysentery proceeding from the extream cold water he usd to drink so much The Kings Physitians did carefully attend him and usd what Art cold do but the Disease provd mortall and beyond cure hereupon the Councell â—at to advise whether it was fitting for the King to go visit him som wer of opinion that the Prince was well disposd to dy a good Catholic and the sight of his Father might happily discompose him yet the King went in and gave him his benediction but stayed not and so returnd with more grief and less care A little after the Prince expird being twenty three yeers old he had made his Will before which he deliverd his Secretary wherin he desird his Father to forgive him and to give him his blessing to pay his debts and give his movables to Churches and Hospitals and that his body shold be buried in Toledo which was performd His Funerall was prepard the same day he dyed for at seven in the evening the Grandees carried his body out to the Court-gate wher the Nuncio with other Ambassadors and a great concours of Noblemen were ready to attend the Herse The hard destiny and death of this great young Prince with the extraordinary circumstances therof may teach the world this lesson that the love of a Father must give place to the office of a King and that jealousy among Princes works more powerfully then naturall affections 1. This was one of the four Acts for which King Philip made himself so subject to be censurd abroad in the world for papers flew in many places that hâ— had poysond his Son 2. The second was in the transaction of the business of Aragon where he was taxd to have falsifyed his own manifesto wherin he declard that the Army under Don Alonso de Vergas was intended for France wheras it proovd afterwards to have bin expresly raysd to surprize Saragosa 3. The third was the business of Portugal for wheras he had declard that he was willing to refer the right of Title to that Crown to the decision of the Pope he invaded and conquerd the Country before the Nuncio cold com to the Spanish Court though he knew he was upon his way and already landed in Spain to that purpose but he sent speciall Commission to the Towns through which he was to pass that they should entertain and regalar him som dayes while in the interim he did his business in Portugal 4. The fourth was the conniving at the Murther of Escovedo Secretary to Don Iohn of Austria which was perpetrated with his privity as Antonio Perez confessd upon the Rack which made this Character to be given of him that there was but a little distance betwixt Don Philips risa y el cuchillo between his smile and the Scaffold his prudence somtimes turning to excess of severity But as the hearts of Kings are inscrutable so their waies shold be their actions somtimes must be attended with politicall cunning and extraordinary power to crush Cocatrices in the shell to prevent greater inconveniences as God Almighty whose immediat Vicegerents they are doth use sometimes his omnipotence in exceeding the Rules and common course of nature PHILIP THE THIRD XXVIII KING OF NAPLES PHILIP the third of Austria fift Son to Philip the second by Donna Anna the Emperors Daughter and his fourth Wife succeeded his Father in all his Dominions both in the new and old World He was born the 14th of April 1578. in the Palace of Madrid and was Christned upon the Feast of Philip and Iacob the first of whom may be sayed to be his God-father six yeers after he was created Prince of Castile in the Monastery of Saint Ieronimo the next yeer after he was created Prince of Aragon in Monson the next yeer after he was created Prince of Navarr in the Cathedrall Church of Pampelona and lastly Prince of Portugal which made him to have this priviledg above all his Predecessors to be the first who was Prince of all Spain in regard Lusitania had not bin before under the Crown of Castile till the Raign of Philip his Father he was a weakly sick Child for many yeers at first yet he survivd his four brothers viz. Don Carlos Don Fernando Don Carlos Lorenzo and Don Diego so easily is humane judgment deceivd The first thing he did was the sending of a new Vice-roy to the Kingdom of Naples then after that long destructive War in the Nether-lands which had so ragd in his Fathers time he made a Truce with the Hollanders but in these ambiguous words son contento de tratar con vos otros como con Estados libres I am contented to treat with you as with free States wherby according to the Spanish exposition of those words he intimated they were no free States by vertu of this word As for it is a rule in Logic that Nullum simile est Idem No thing that is like a thing is the same thing therfore if he treated with them as with free States they were no free States This Truce afforded much matter of discourse for the Criticks of those times He did this by the advice principally of the Marquess of Denia afterwards Duke of Lermanhom whom he took for his Privado or his Favorit to whom he transmitted the guidance of all great affairs being conscious of som imbecillities of his own wherin he discoverd a great point of wisdom whose chiefest part is for one to know his own infirmities and incapacities But I should have spoken first of the peace he had made with England which preceded this and was the first great action he did when he began to sit at the Healm of that mighty Vessell I mean the Spanish Monarchy which in his Fathers time
had bâ—n tossd and weather-beaten by so many impetuous and fierce Tempests to conclude this peace he imployed the chiefest Officer of Spain the Constable of Castile in a very high and magnificent equipage in correspondence wherof England sent her high Admirall herein he followd the counsell of Charls the fift his Grand-father who had this saying often in his mouth Con todo el mundo guerra y puz con Ingalat jerra With all the World have War But with England do not jar Before this Embassy to England the common people of Spain were made to believe by their preaching Jesuits that english-men since they receded from the Roman Church were strangly transformd som had fâ—ces like Hogs som like Dogs som like Munkies but the Constable at his return did rectifie his Country-men in this point Philip being now in peace with all Christian Princes and being addicted to devotion in a high degree he thought it a work acceptable to God Almighty and agreeable to the office of a Catholiâ— King to cleer Spain of the Mahumetan Moriscos who had planted themselves â—her above seven hundred yeers He put the business to many serious deliberations the result wherof at last was that it wold be a high act of Christian Piety and gratefull to Heaven so there was a royall Ban of banishment publisht against the Moriscos who were dispersd up down specially in the Maritime parts of Spain which border upon the Mediterranean Sea in great multitudes to the number of many hundred thousand souls who were all hurried over to Barbary but permitted to carry with them all their movables and make sale of their other goods the King providing Ships and paying for their transfretation the motive that inducd Philip to this Act was that he thought it a thing unpleasing to God that so many Infidels and Mahumetans shold mingle so thick with Christians that many thousands had bin baptiâ—d but they apostatizd and grew greater enemies to Chrsts then before that there were sundry plots and machinations discoverd as also the intelligence they kept with the Turk the common enemy of Spain The first advice whereof was given by the English Ambassador the Earl of Notingham who brought Letters with him that had bin sent King Iames how the sayed Moriscos had a secret design to introduce the great Turk and so to joyn with him for the conquering of Spain as the Conde Don Iulian did with the Moors Henry the fourth of France sent him also intelligence tending to that end So in a short time the Country was rid of them as it was formerly of the Jewes in the time of Ferdinand and Isabella But there were som incommodities followd for Spain was much depopulated and impoverisht hereby specially for Corn and other Vegetals for those Moriscos were an industrious people wold grub up Corn and Pulse with other things out of the tops of those craggy Hills wherwith Spain is bunchd in most places so that the Spaniard who naturally is slothfull unless it be in the Wars as the Turks are had nothing to do but having put on his Sword and swelling ruff but go with his Ass to the Market and buy corn of the Moriscos who usually fed upon bread made of Maiz or some other Pulse so that the Spaniards for the most part did eat by the sweat of other mens brows Philip the third having as formerly it was spoken concluded a peace with England and a Truce with the Dutch passd most part of his Raign in quietness which suted best with his disposition he being a Prince wholly devoted to exercises of piety being alwaies fingring his Beads He sympathizd in nature much with Edward the sixth of England but was not so infortunat as he for he preservd what his Father left him wheras the other lost France where he had bin Crownd King in his Cradle And this happiness of Philip may be imputed to the sage conduct of the Duke of Lerma who was a sound and well-weighd Minister of State of a Debonnair and affable deportment quite contrary to the genius of his Successor Olivares who was of a rough rigid humor Philip the third after he had reignd 23. yeers died as he lived in a sweet peaceable way and he was called Philip el Bueno Philip the good as his Father was calld Philip the prudent Philip the third to pay his Fathers Creditors and disburden the Crown of those vast Arrears wherwith it was most heavily laden in regard of so many Irons he had to beat all his life-time was forcd to inhance the Gabels and lay new impositions as in other places so specially in the Kingdom of Naples Now those who cut out Philip the second most work to do were Henry the fourth of France and Elizabeth Queen of England the one was sayed to play the Barber and shave him which Harry did so nimbly and dextrously as if he had bin born to the Trade and old Bess held the Bason while he washd Philips head and face but it was given out that he did this without Camphire Ball or any Soap at all but with stale Ly and strong standing Urine There was about that time a witty Italian Author whose fancies are fresh to this day who being no friend to the Spaniard writ many things by way of drollery against his mode of Government in Sicilie Milan and Naples specially in the last And as he descants upon the Servitude which that wavering and wanton people were reducd unto for their so frequent Sollevations and Revolts he sayeth that to punish with som severity the Napolitans for thier infidelity and murmurings against their former Kings it pleasd the Majesty of the heavenly Judg to deliver them into the hands of Pharo to receive law from him meaning the Spaniard who having felt the pulse of that luxurious people by his interior Cabinet councell was advisd that there was no better way to preserve Naples in a constancy of obedience then to bring down the flesh and tame that hot metteld and spirited Horse or Courser which she gave for her Ensign therupon there were appointed Riders Grooms Smiths and others to look to him and break him they found that he was so wanton that he wold hardly receive Bit Bridle or Saddle that he was of a mighty strength therfore it was fitting so pamperd an Animal shold be brought low and mortified Somthing was don in Charles the fift's time to this purpose but his Son Philip did finish the work who had almost rid him quite of his legs insomuch that at the beginning of Philip the thirds Raign there was a speciall â—unta appointed to meet in the Piazza at Naples to take a view in what case he stood The poor Beast was brought forth and he was grown so feeble that his legs could hardly serve him to be softly led into the Market-place It was a most pittifull object to see how that generous Courser who had once so much spirit and strength