mediat a Peace for them of the Religion and in case of refusall to use certain menaces hereupon he coming to the Army and finding the approches to the said Town were almost finish'd he hastned his addresses to the King for an audience The King referring him to Luynes and desiring that what he had to say might be first imparted unto him he went accordingly to Luynes lodgings and deliver'd his Message so that he reserv'd still the latter part which was menace untill he heard how the busines was relish'd Luynes had hid behind the hangings a Gentleman of the Religion who was upon point of turning Roman that being an earwitnes of what had pass'd between the English Ambassador and Luynes he might relate unto them of the Religion what little hopes they were to expect from the intercession of the King of England The Ambassador and Luynes having mingled some Speeches the language of Luynes was very haughty saying What hath your Master to do with our Actions Why doth he meddle with our affairs Sir Edward Herbert replied It is not to you to whom the King my Master owes an account of his Actions and for Me it is enough to obey Him In the mean time I must maintain that the King my Master hath more reason to do what he pleaseth to do then you have to ask why he doth it Nevertheles if you desire me in a gentle fashion I shall acquaint you further Whereupon Luynes bowing a little said very well The Ambassador answer'd That it was not on this occasion only that the King of Great Britain had desir'd the Peace and prosperity of France but upon all other occasions whensoever any troubles were rais'd in that Countrey And this he said was his first Reason The second was That when a Peace was settled there His Majesty of France might be better dispos'd to assist the Palatin in the affairs of Germany Luynes said We will none of your advices The Ambassador replied That he took that for an Answer and was sorry only that the affection and good will of the King his Master was not sufficiently understood and that since 't was rejected in that maner he could do no lesse then say that the King his Master knew well enough what he had to do Luynes said We are not afraid of you The Ambassador smiling a little replied If you had said you had not lov'd Us I should have beleev'd you and made you another Answer In the mean while all I will tell you more is That We know very well what we have to do Luynes hereupon rising a little from his chaire with a fashion and a countenance much discompos'd said By God if you were not Monsieur l' Ambassadeur I know very well how I would use you The Ambassador herewithall rising also from his chaire said That as he was his Majesties of Great Britains Ambassador so he was also a Gentleman and that his sword whereon he laid his hand should do him reason if he took any offence After which Luynes replying nothing the Ambassador went on his way towards the doore to which when Luynes seem'd to accompagny him the Ambassador told him that after such language there was no occasion to use ceremony and so departed expecting to hear further from him But no message being brought him from Luynes he did in poursuance of his instructions demand audience of the King at Cognac St. Iean d' Angely being now rendred who granting it where he did in the same termes and upon the same motives Mediat a Peace for them of the Religion and receiv'd a far more gentle Answer from the King The Marshall de Saint Geran coming to Sir Edward Herbert told him in a friendly maner you have offended the Constable and you are not in a place of surety here whereunto he answer'd That he held himself to be in a place of surety wheresoever he had his sword by him Luynes little resenting the affront he receiv'd from Sir Ed. Herbert got Cadenet his brother Duke of Chaune with a ruffling train of Cavaliers neer upon a hundred whereof there was not one as Cadenet told King Iames but had kild his man in duel Ambassadour extraordinary to England a little after who misreporting the clash 'twixt Sir Ed. Herbert and Luynes prevaild so far that Sir Ed. Herbert was presently revok'd to answer the charge that should be laid against him In the mean time the Earl of Carlile that dexterous Courtier was employ'd extraordinary Ambassador to France for accommodating le mal entendu which might arise 'twixt the two Crowns Carlile was commanded to inform himself of the truth of the businesse afore mention'd and he could meet with no relation but what Luynes had made himself wherein more affronting and haughty expressions were laid to Sir Ed. Herberts charge then had truly pass'd for though the first provocation came from Luynes yet the Ambassadour kept himself within the bounds both of his instructions and honor but as my Lord of Carlile was ready to send this mis-information to England the Gentleman formerly spoken of who stood behind the hangings came to the Earl of Carlile and said that he ow'd so much unto truth and honor that he could doe no lesse then vindicat Cavalier Herbert from all indiscretion and unworthines and thereupon related the true circumstances of the businesse The Earl of Carlile being thus rectified in the knowledge of the truth gave account to King Iames accordingly who cleer'd Sir Ed. Herbert and resolv'd to renvoy him Ambassador to France whereof he having notice kneel'd to the King before the Duke of Buckingham and humbly desired that since the busines was public in both Kingdoms he might in a public way demand reparation of M. Luynes for which purpose he beseech'd his Majesty that a Trumpeter if not a Herald might be sent on his part to M. de Luynes to tell him That he had made a false relation of the passages before mentioned and that Sir Ed. Herbert would demand reasons of him with sword in hand on that point the King answering that he would take it into consideration Luynes a little after died and Sir Edward was again sent Ambassador to France But to return to our former road besides those places formerly mentioned the Towns Suilly Merac and Caumont were also taken for the King but the latter two by the Duke of Mayn Governor of Guyen All Poitou being reduc'd to Royall obedience and setled the King resolv'd to go for Guyen to suppresse the Duke of Rohan and la Force who were in arms and had a considerable Army He left behind the Duke of Espernon with 4000. foot and 600. horse to beleager Rochell and stop the advenues in the interim So he advances to Guyen and divers places in the way open'd their gates unto him till he came to Clairac where he found a tough resistance He lost before the Town the great Lord of Thermes and sundry persons of quality besides
and to continue a war in France There were divers other Propositions tending to the kind usage of the Catholiques and withall a request That the Dukes pension from fourteen thousand crowns might be augmented to eighteen thousand and that his Catholic Majesty would please to add to his brother Soubize's pension of eight thousand crowns a yeer two thousand more For performance of these propositions the said Clausel could give no other caution but the word of an Honorable and most Religious Prince meaning the Duke These offers were accepted by the Spaniard but the sum was reduc'd to three hundred thousand crowns payable in two payments every yeer The Articles being sent by Clausel to France by a Zeland Gentleman he was suspected and taken in a Pond up to the neck so he was hang'd at Tholouse The King at his return to Provence took Privas from them of the Religion after many bloudy sallies and assaults on both sides a place of mighty consequence In the Campe before Privas the Peace was proclaym'd 'twixt France and England to dishearten them in the Town the more for they thought that the King of Great Britain was still involv'd in their Cause This Peace was negotiated by Georgi and Contarini Ambassadors to the Mayden Republic who yet may be call'd the Mother of Policy and able to read Lectures on that Thesis to the rest of Europe nor did there small glory redound to her by her succesfull intervention herein and by making her Saint Mark Mediator 'twixt two such mighty Monarks The words of the Proclamation before Privas pronounc'd alowd by a king of Arms were these Let the world know there is peace amity and good intelligence between his Majesty and his good Brother and Brother in law the King of Great Britain acessation of all acts of hostility betwixt them and their subjects with an entire confirmation of the ancient Alliances and of the Articles and Contract of Mariage with the Queen of Great Britain and an overture of a free and safe commerce between the subjects of the two Crowns Therefore all persons are prohibited to attempt any think in prejudice of the said Peace under pain of being punish'd as Disturbers of the public repose c. The generall Articles also were signed there interchangeably in the ordinary forme where of there were some extraordinary as that In regard it would be difficult to make restitution on either side of divers prises which have been taken in this war the two Crowns are accorded that there shall be no reprisall made by sea or in any other maner for that which is pass'd 'twixt the two Kings and their subjects during the said war And because there are divers vessels at Sea with Letters of Mart which give Commission to combat the enemies which cannot presently have notice of this Peace or receive Order to abstain from acts of hostility It is accorded that whatsoever shall passe the space of the two next moneths after this accord shall not derogate from or empeach this Peace or the good will of the two Crowns The King having dismantled Privas and secur'd other petty places he march'd to Alets a very considerable Garrison Town of them of the Religion which being also surrendred he march'd to Languedoc took Castres and Nismes once the darling of Rome when she had her Legions in those parts though now no Town throughout France be a greater enemy unto her These monstrous successes of the Kings made the Duke of Rohan hearken unto a Treaty therefore being at Anduza he convokes a kind of Assembly of the chiefest of them of the Religion to whom he made this notable speech Sirs You know well enough that the King doing me the honor as to acknowledge me his kinsman hath had particular consideration of me in all generall Treaties made with your party and that he hath made me to be perpetually sollicited to separat my self from you with assurances that he would raise my condition to such a point that might draw upon it the envy of the Princes and the greatest of his Kingdom Neither are you ignorant that the generall interests of the party being deerer unto me then mine own I have bin so far from lending an ear unto those charming propositions that to the contrary I have broak with his Majesty whensoever he hath refus'd or delay'd the execution of the Edicts pass'd in favor of us and exposing my self to his indignation I have run the hazard of my fortun my honor and life Gentlemen I pray do not think that since our Cause is conjoyn'd with that of God but that I continu as strong a zeal and inclination as ever towards it But in regard our affaires are in another condition perchance then you do imagin I have call'd you hither to instruct you and then to take such order that your wisdoms shall afford me to put in punctuall execution with as much fidelity as courage You must then consider that any time these eight yeers that the King hath warr'd with us heaven hath bin so favorable unto him that it seems he rather went to the routing of our troupes then to combat and by assaulting our strongest Towns he prepar'd rather for triumphant entries then sieges so that now the number of our combatants and the strength of our strongest places doth not serve as much to maintain our party as to augment his glory so many Towns in Poitou Saintonge Guyen and Languedoc which have not bin able toresist him as many dayes as we count moneths are most sensible proofs hereof Rochell alas with that he fetcht a profound sigh accompagnied with tears Rochell which we thought inexpugnable that prowd Town one of the miracles of Europe being now reduc'd to an open village on all sides doth carry and shall eternally beare the marks of the valour and good fortune of this glorious Monark Having demolish'd this strong rampart of the Gospel by which the whole party subsisted he hath penetrated the Kingdom from one Diameter to the other and travers'd in five or six dayes the Alps in the most rigorous season of the yeer which Julius Caesar accounted amongst his heroiquest actions and Hannibal could not do it in fifteen dayes without inestimable losse He hath forc'd the passe of Susa marching ore the belly of an Army entrench'd and fortified in a straight He hath deliver'd the Duke of Mantova from the oppression of the King of Spain and the Savoyard and oblig'd the latter who was Author of the War to receive such conditions of peace that he pleas'd to prescribe him Repassing the Alps with like celeritie he hath depriv'd us of Privas and taken multitudes of places more by the terror only of his victorious Arms. He is continually assisted by the Cardinal of Richelieu who for the fertility of his Invention for the solidity of his Counsels for the secrecy of his desseins for his hardines in execution and for his addresse in all affairs of consequence I
daughter of France for the King of Spain 31 H Lord Hayes after Earl of Carlile Ambassador in Paris 34 The Duke of Halluin beats Serbellon and the Spaniards before Leucato 115 The Pr of Harcour relieves Casal appears before Turin takes it 129 The Hard fortune of Kings daughters 32 Henry the Great slain 3 His treasure his army his burial 4 Henry the third buried 22. yeers after his death 8 M. Hicks now Sir Ellis Hicks the good service he did at Montauban 58 Hesdin taken by the French 126 Twenty Holland men of War come according to article to serve the French King 68 The Lady Henrietta Maria married to the King of Great Britain 66 Humbert Duke of Viennois upon what termes he bequeath'd Dauphiné to Philip of Valois I King Jame's Letter to the French King 63 His passionate speech to his Counsell his complement to her Majesty now Queen 66 The Jacobins hold that in no case the Counsel is above the Pope the question solemnly debated in Paris 12 Inventions to torment Ravaillac 7 The Iesuits have the heart of Henry the Great 8 Jesuits not permitted to open their Colledge in Paris 11 The Imperialists and Spaniards overrun Picardy and Burgundy 113 Insurrection in Diion suppress'd 93 Insurrection in Normandy 126 John Duke of Bragansa made King of Portugal 130 His Letter to the K. of Spain 131 Saint John de Luz taken by the Spaniard 114 The Isles of Saint Margarita and Saint Honorat taken by the Spaniard 112 Repris'd by the French 115 Italian predictions of Henry the Greats death 4 K Kings presence oft-times advantagious 20 Kings of France majors when as high as a sword 21 New Knights of the Holy Spirit 46 L Landrecy taken by the Duke de la Valette 115 Letter of the King of Spain to the Duke of Bragansa 130 Letter of King James to the French King 63 Letter from Richelieu to the Q. Mother 160 Letters interchangeable 'twixt Buckingham and Toiras 83 Letter from Condé to the Queen Mother 18 Letter from the Queen Mother to Condé 19 Letter from the Queen at her first arrivall in France to the King 31 Letters from the King to Monsieur 104 Letters from the King to the Duke of Halluin 116 Letters from the King to Condé 47 Letters to Toiras against the English 82 The Duke of Lerma marrieth the Infanta for the King of France 31 Lewis the Thirteenth his inclination and sports when young 3 His minority 5 His solemn coronation 10 His majority declar'd by Parlement 21 His gracious declaration to the Princes 35 His speech to his Mother after d' Ancres death 39 He beds with the Queen 43 A clash 'twixt him and the Parlement at Paris 47 His exploits in Bearn 50 His Protest to the Assembly of Notables 75 His answer to the Rochelers when they yeelded 86 He crosseth the Alps in Winter 87 Hath a shrewd fit of sicknes 96 His harsh answer to them of the Religion 62 His harsh Declaration against his Mother 99 His Declaration against Spain 100 His speech to the Palsgrave 127 His speech to the D. of Lorain 132 reduc'd to a great straight 32 He protects the Catalan 134 His death with the circumstances thereof 135 Examples of his piety 139 Divers speeches of his 139 His chastity and constancy 140 His exploits run over 142 Did greater things then Henry the Great 143 Divers things objected against him 141 Duke of Longuevill in arms 18 L'esdiguiers made Constable 59 Luynes put first to the King 3 Incenses the K. against d'Ancre 38 Hath Ancres estate given him and made Constable 52 A clash twixt him and Sir Ed. Herbert then Lo Ambassadour now Baron of Cherbery 55 A Dialogue between them 55 How worthily the English Ambassador compos'd himself 56 Luynes dieth of the Plague in the Army 58 His Legend 59 Duke of Lorain meets the King at Metz. 101 Duke of Lorain waves the performance of homage for the Duchy of Bar. 106 His complement to the King 106 He comes to Paris 132 Monsieur de Lien Cour Governor of Paris 29 M Marie de Medici declar'd Queen Regent by Parlement 5 Her speech upon the resignation of the Government 22 Her discours with Marossan about her escape 45 The first war with her son 44 The second war with her son 48 The beginning of her aversenes to the Cardinal 96 The causes of it 98 Her complaint against him 99 She returns to Flanders in discontent 99 Thence to Holland and so to England then to Colen where she died 133 Her high qualities 134 Mariana's opinion touching Kings protested against in Paris 9 Q. Margaret de Valois dieth her Character 26 Moderation the true rule of wisdom 13 Mazarini makes a peace in Italy 96 Monsieur maried to the Duke of Monpensiers daughter 72 His complement to her 73 He falls in love with the Duke of Montava's daughter and being cross'd flies to Lorain 92 Flies again to Lorain 103 He entreth France with an Army of strangers 103 His high propositions to his brother 104 Flies the third time to Lorain 105 Marieth the Lady Margaret the Duke of Lorains sister goes then to Flanders whence at the Infante Cardinals approach he steales away to France 106 Duke of Monmorency joyn's with Monsieur is defeated by Schomberg 104 Is beheaded at Tholouze 105 Morocco Ambassador in Paris his credential Letter 102 Montauban the last Town of them of the Religion which submitted 91 Monpellier capitulats by the Duke of Rohans advice 60 Morgard the Astrologer made Gallislave 14 N Nancy given up to the French 106 The Nature of the Spaniard in adversity 131 The Nonage of Lewis the Thirteenth 5 The Nonage of Lewis the Fourteenth now King 135 O The Oath the Queen of Englands French servants were to take 65 Open hostility 'twixt France and Spain pronounc'd by Herauld 111 Saint Omer besieged by the French who were forc'd to retire 123 Octavio Lassani an Astrologer his prediction of the Duke of Savoy's death 94 Obelisks and triumphant Arches in Rome in joy of the Dauphins Nativity 125 Oxenstern Ambassador in France 112 The Outrages the French committed at Tillemont 112 P Paris in great fear 114 Parlement of England superiour to the Assembly of the three Estates of France in numbers and state 23 Perrons prudent cariage in the great Assembly 24 Pensions of the Crown of France 27 Pasquills upon the Gates of the Louur 40 Pasquill upon the Cardinals gates 168 Pasquill in Rome of the King and the Cardinal 168 The old Parlement of France turn'd now to an Assembly of Notables 74 Peace renew'd by the intervention of the Venetian and proclaim'd at Privas 'twixt England and France 88 Pignerol taken by the Cardinal 94 Pignerol sold to the French King 97 The Parlement of Paris suspends the verification of the Kings Declaration against Monsieur and is sharply rebuk'd 98 The Palsgrave prisoner in France releas'd and the Kings speech unto him 127 Philipsburg taken by the Spaniard 108
of the late wars The French Chroniclers relate that his chiefest arrand was to propound a Match between the Prince of Wales now King of England and the Lady Christina second daughter to Henry the Great but they are much mistaken for the said Ambassador might happily have instructions to look upon and view the said Lady but for any overture of mariage much lesse any proposition there was none the intents of England ayming then more southward and there was matter enough for an Ambassador extraordinary besides at that time The King the two Queens and the whole Court being now settled at Paris the discontented Princes repair'd also thither but Conde being newly recovered of a dangerous sicknes which some took as a judgement upon him lagg'd behind and excus'd his coming till all the Articles of the late Treaty were perform'd whereunto the King may be said to be no lesse then compell'd being among other ties forc'd to revoke part of the solemn Oth he took at his Coronation that therby they of the Religion might rest contented At last Conde came and was entred into a perfect redintegration of grace and favor at Court with the rest of his Confederats So after such turbid times there was an intervall of faire weather but the Ayer was suddenly ore ' cast again with clowds and the chief Meteor whence they sprung was the power and privacy of the Marshall of Ancre at Court The Queen Mother had advice of certain clandestine meetings and secret consultations held to alter the Government and to demolish Ancre hereupon Themines who receiv'd the Truncheon to be Marshall the same day apprehended the Prince of Conde in the Louure and carried him thence to prison the report hereof startled divers others and old Bovillon being then at a Sermon in Charenton durst not come back to look upon the Bastile so he with the Dukes of Mayn Nevers Guyse and divers other retir'd and arm'd under pretence of reforming of abuses in the State and for the public good Poore France how often hath privat interest of some aspiring spirits bin term'd in thee by the specious name of Public good How often have thy discontented Grandees ground the faces of thy innocent peasants How often hast thou turn'd the sword into thine own bowels and swomm in the blood of thine own children How often have thy Towns bin turn'd to Hospitals thy fields to desarts under the gilded pretext of Reformation The arrest of Conde alarm'd all France and a politic rumour was spread in Paris that the Marshall of Ancre had murther'd him in the Louure though he was then at Amiens 100. miles off This made the Beast with many heads run furiously to his House in the suburbs of Saint German which they sack'd and plunder'd most pitifully they unplank'd his roomes grub'd up his trees and committed divers barbarismes besides The King caus'd a Declaration to be publish'd full of vigorous expressions tending to this purpose Lewis by the grace of God King of France and Navarr to all who shall see these present Letters greeting It is with incredible regret which pierceth Our very heart that We must so often employ Our Authority to represse the mischievous desseins of them who seek the raising of their fortunes in the ruines of Our Estates and in the prodigious cruelty of civill wars take an unbridled libertie to doe what law and reason forbids And We are the more sensible hereof because the remedies We must use for the safety of our Person and the welfare of this Kingdom must diffame our own blood and render it culpable of impiety both against Us who are in place of a Father to our subjects as also against their own Countrey which is reverenc'd as a Mother by all people though never so barbarous So he goes on to relate the Treaty at Lodun and the last Pacification which had cost him twenty millions of Liures and what grace he had done to Conde and his Complices Yet the exces of Our grace and favor hath not bin able to represse the disordinat wills of them who find no rest but in trouble and ground their hopes upon Our destruction for before and after the return of Our Cousin the Prince of Conde to Paris there have bin Nocturnall Assemblies held in Saint Martin and other places with consultations to debauch and abuse the people and undermine those who have Martiall Offices under us and to excite them to commotion Curats and Preachers have bin tampered withall to vent scandalous Doctrin and meanes were consulted on to seize upon Our Royall Person and our most honored Mother and to Cantonize France under the specious vayle of reforming the State All which hath bin told us by some of the best of Our subjects who were present at some of their consultations and close meetings And We were also advis'd by forren Ambassadors to have a care of our self c. This was the substance of the Kings Declaration but all would not do to contain the Princes within the bounds of obedience many of them had retir'd to Picardy and seiz'd upon divers places which they fortified apace A little after the Prince of Conde was clap'd up the Duke of Vendosm was seiz'd on but he scap'd by a wile The Chancelor and Secretaries of State with other Officers were chang'd And in this hurly burly the young Bishop of Lucon afterwards Cardinal of Richelieu having bin design'd for Ambassador to Spain was made principall Secretary of State The Marshal of Ancre notwithstanding that he had understood how he was hated in Paris and that his House was so plunder'd in a popular furie yet was he nothing daunted but comes boldly to Court and presently three Armies were rais'd and appointed to represse the Mutiners One under the Duke of Guyse who was charm'd to come in by the Queen Mother The second under Marshall Montigny and the third under the Count of Auvergne who was freed from his 11. yeers close imprisonment in the Bastile for that purpose and had already besieg'd the Duke of Mayne at Soissons and much straitned him While this huge storme was dropping pitifully upon poor France there were secret consultations held by some in the Louure how to hurle Him into the Sea who was the cause of the tempest which was cryed up to be the foresaid Ancre He knew too well how he was malign'd in Court and Countrey and the young Kings affection towards him began now to brandle and all this was by the suggestions of Luynes who was one of the greatest Confidentst the King had having bin his servant from his childhood and was vers'd in his genius more then any Ancre had practis'd to remove him from the Kings Person with some others whom he suspected to do him ill offices Besides this fewd 'twixt the King and Princes there was another petty war then a foot betwixt the Duke of Espernon and the Rochellers the ground whereof was that they would not
notwithstanding that he was offer'd six hundred thousand crowns yearly by the Ecclesiasticks viz. two hundred thousand by the Pope two hundred thousand by the Colledge of Cardinalls and two hundred thousand by the French Clergy La Force whom the King had left Governor of Bearn did not put the Kings commands in execution as he expected therefore the Duke of Espernon was sent thither with an Army and settled all things according to the Kings pleasure and made La Force quit the Countrey who was proclaym'd Traytor and the Marshall of Themines put in his place though afterwards La Force recovered his repute with the King and receiv'd the Truncheon to be Marshall of France and grew to be a great Confident The King having now taken a resolution of war against the Rechellers intended to make a Lord High Constable of France thereupon it was offer'd the old Duke Le'sdigueres provided he would go to Masse which he waving Luynes undertook it which drew much more envy upon him then formerly The King put out a Declaration that it was not against Religion but against Rebellion that he proceeded therefore he offer'd to take into his protection all those Reformed Churches that would contain themselfs within the bounds of their obedience to him and not adhaere to the Assembly at Rochell which Declaration was verified in Parliament with much solemnity so he march'd towards the Loire and being neer Saumur a Town of the greatest consequence that the Reformed Churches had he sent to Monsieur du Plessis Mournay that he desired to lodge in the Castle that night with his Queen The old Governor being above eighty yeers of age was so surpriz'd with this Message that it put him to his wits end for he made full account the King would have lodg'd in the Town as other Kings had and as he was consulting what to do with much perplexity the Guard of Swisses were at the Castle gate so he peaceably let them in the King followed presently after who charming the old man with complement made him discharge his Garrison so the Castle and City was secur'd for the King Yet the Governor which he left in the Castle was a Reformist who was the Count of Sault Monsieur Crequy's son The reductiono and assurance of Saumur was a mighty advantage to the King for the advance of his present dessein in regard that Saumur for her situation was one of the importantst Towns that they of the Reformed Religion had in regard it tied Normandy Britany Anjou and Mayn with Poitou Tourain and other Countreys circumjacent where they were strongest besides it lay upon the Loire and it was the probablest place to stop the Kings passage which they endevor'd to doe afterwards at Saint Iohn d' Angely From Saumur the King marched to Touars a Town of the Duke of Trimovillies where he was receiv'd with all honor and obedience by the Duchesse in the Dukes absence from thence he pass'd through divers Towns of the Reformed Religion where in some places he chang'd the Governors so he came to Moart where Paraberre the old Governor afterward turning Roman entertaind him with all kind of compliance So he found little or no opposition at all till he came to Saint Iohn d' Angely where Soubize had cast himself in with 1500. men a formall siege was planted before the Towne The King had 15000. foot and 2000. horse the flower of the Cavalry of France and Espernon came with 4000. foot more of Gascons and Bearnois A Herald of Arms was sent to summon Soubize who being let a little in at one of the gates in his rich coat he pronounced alowd these words To thee Benjamin of Rohan Lord of Soubize I come and command thee in the Kings name my Soverain Lord and thine to open unto him the gates of this Town to deliver it unto him as his own and to go out presently with all those that assist thee otherwise I declare thee a Rebell and a Traytor against Divine and Humane Majesty in the highest degree thy Houses and Castles to be raz'd thy goods confiscated to the King and I declare thee and all thy posterity Yeomen Soubize answer'd That he was a most humble servant and subject of the Kings but being there in quality of a Soldier the execution of the Kings commandment depended on the Assembly of Rochel who had committed unto him the Government of the place this he spoak with his hat on thereupon the Herald replied Know that neither as Captain or Soldier thou oughtst to answer me with thy head cover'd when I speak to thee in the name of the King thy Soverain Lord and mine Then Haute Fontaine took the word saying That the Lord Soubize having never seen such summons was excusable This Answer and cariage of Soubize that he should prefer an Ordinance of the Assembly before his royal Declaration nettled the King extremley so the siege was poursued very eagerly a mine or two sprung and a generall Storm appointed but in the interim there were Deputies sent to Constable Luynes to Treat he sent them back with this Answer that the King did not use to Treat with his Subjects Hereupon they return'd with Commission to implore grace so the King publish'd a short Proclamation to this effect That his Majesty being contented to admit of a Treaty at the most humble supplication many times reiterated by them which are in the Town of St. John d'Angely or Angerry he was pleas'd to vouchsafe a generall pardon to all provided they ask it and swear never to bear arms again against his service c. So they came out and Soubize kneel'd unto the King and promis'd to observe the conditions his Majesty requir'd Thus Saint Iohn d' Angely was yeelded upon Saint Iohn Baptists day the Patron of the place after fortie daies siege which was furious and very hot for the time divers Lords and Gentlemen of quality lost their lives there the Prince of Ienvill was hurt so was the Duke of Elbeuf the Marquis de la Valette de Saint Claumont Crequy with divers others The Cardinal of Guyse fell down at the puffe of a Canon bullet which put him in such a burning feavor that he died before the Town as also the Marshall of Brissac The King commanded a Convent of Capuchins to be built forthwith the wals to be raz'd and commanded it should be call'd no more a town but a village and to be nam'd Lewis-Bourg The rendition of this town was seconded with good news from the Prince of Condé and the Count of Saint Paul who had taken Gergeau and Sancerre which with Saumur were all they had upon the Loire While the King was before Saint Iohn d' Angely a remarkable passage happen'd twixt Sir Edward Herbert now Baron of Cherberry then Ambassador for his Majesty of great Britain in France and the great Favorit and Constable Luynes which was thus Sir Edward Herbert had receiv'd privat instructions from England to
should be a generall peace now 'twixt the French people because of the businesse of the Valtolin where the Spaniard had a purpose to block out France in all places towards Italy which was very necessary to be prevented so that it was not fit to enfeeble France at this time by attempting to extinguish them of the Religion and to plunge the whole Countrey in an intestine war for it was as if one would cut off his left hand with the right This last counsell took more with the King and so he left no way unessayed to reunite all his subjects Hereupon to content the Reformists he caus'd their Temples to be reedified he appointed 60000. Franks for the payment of their Ministers and permitted them to call a Synod at Charenton with divers other acts of compliance provided that on their part they should entertain no strangers for preachers nor admit Ministers into politic Assemblies In these difficulties and anxious traverses of things the King made the Cardinal of Richelieu his principall Minister of State chiefe of his Counsell and Director generall under his authority in the government of the State He made this election by the advice of the Queen Mother principally nor was it an improper choice for the party had a concurrence of high abilities in him answerable to that transcendent trust and he prov'd as will appear by the sequele of things a succesfull Instrument though many doubt whether his Counsel was as succesfull to France as it was fatall to the rest of Christendom which he hath plung'd in an eternall war touching this we leave the Ingenious Reader a freedom of censure according as his judgement shall be guided by an unpartiall and unbiass'd relation of matters as they ly connected in the ensuing part of this story Thus our third Lustre concludes with the commencement of Richelieus greatnes The fourth Lustre of the Life of Lewis the thirteenth VVE began the last lustre with the espousals of the Lady Christina second daughter of France with the Prince of Piemont this begins with the mariage of the Lady Henriette Marie de Bourbon the yongest Royall branch of Henry the Great and this was the first great act that the Cardinal of Richelieu performed after he was come to the superintendency of affairs of State France had two causes of perpetuall apprehensions of fear one external th' other internal The still growing greatnesse of Spain without and They of the Religion within doors which were made frequent use of by any discontented Princes upon all occasions and were cryed up by the Jesuits to be as Matches to set France on fire at any time Therefore the first gran dessein that he projected with himself was to clip their wings and diminish their strength by dismantling their Cautionary Towns and making them dismisse their Garrisons The Cardinal knew the King his Master did not affect them since the Treaty at Lodun wherein they forc'd him to put another interpretation upon his Coronation Oth then his conscience did dictat unto him or the Prelat who administred it unto him meant which appear'd in a churlish answer that he gave them not long after when he was solicited to prolong the terme of holding their Cautionary Towns as Henry the Third and Henry the Great his father had done Which answer was That what grace the first did shew you was out of fear what my father did was out of love but I would have you know that I neither fear you nor love you To compasse that great work of taking from them their Garrison Towns it was thought very expedient to secure forren Princes from assisting them specially England and the united Provinces Touching the latter they were charm'd with money for in a fresh Treaty the King accorded them a million of Franks and six hundred thousand Franks every one of the two yeers next ensuing which they were to re-inburse the next two yeers that they should conclude a peace or truce with Spain The Holland-Ambassadors who were employed in this Treatie did promise the King that there should be libertie of conscience given the Catholiks at his Majesties request That the States should associat the French with them in the commerce of the Indies give them some choice ports for traffic and repaire some depraedations they had made by sea but the money being once got there was little care taken to perform these promises which were no more then parol engagements or rather complements whereupon an Ambassador was expressely sent to complain hereof but he effected little To secure England from succouring Them of the Religion the first overture that the Erl of Holland made for an alliance was yeelded unto to whom the Erl of Carlile was sent in joynt commission to conclude it The King told them that he took it for an honour that they sought his sister for the sole sonne of so illustrious a King his neighbour and Allie onely he desir'd that he might send to Rome to have the Popes consent for better satisfaction of his conscience and in the mean time the English Ambassadors might send for a more plenary power to England so in lesse then the revolution of nine moons this great businesse was propos'd poursued and perfected whereas the Sun ran his carreer through the Zodiac ten times before that Spain could come to any point of perfection This may serve to shew the difference twixt the two Nations the leaden heel'd pace of the one and the quicksilver'd motions of the other it shewes also how the French is more round and frank in his proceedings not so full of scruples reservations and jealousies as the Spaniard And one reason that the Statists of the time alledg'd why Spain amus'd the English and protracted the Treaty of the Match so long was that all the daughters of France might be first married to prevent an alliance 'twixt England and her There was a concurrence of many things that favor'd the effecting and expediting of this alliance some previous Offices and Letters of invitation from France wherein there were strains of extraordinary endearments wherewith the King of Great Britain corresponded also in an unusuall stile as appears by this Letter following Most high most excellent and most puissant Prince Our most deer and most beloved good Brother Cousen and ancient Ally Although the deceased King of happy memory was justly call'd Henry the Great for having re-conquer'd by arms his Kingdom of France though it appertain'd unto him as his proper inheritance Yet you have made now a greater conquest for the Kingdom of France though it was regain'd by the victorious arms of your dead father it was his de jure and so he got but his own But you have lately carried away a greater victory having by your two last Letters so full of cordiall courtesies overcome your good Brother and ancient Ally and all the Kingdoms appertaining unto him for We acknowledge Our self so conquer'd by your more then
which was suppress'd by Charles the Wise they boldly put themselfs in armes against the Nobility and Gentry to lessen their greatnes Add hereunto as an advantage to the work that this power being first transferr'd to Charles the Seventh there succeeded him a notable cunning King Lewis the Eleventh who knew well how to play his game for amongst all the rest he was said to be the first who put the French Kings horce de Page out of their minority or from being Pages any more though thereby he brought the Peasans to be worse then Laquais Out of some distast the King took at the last Convention of the three Estates which was upon his entrance to his Majority he resolv'd to summon them no more yet because he might be in good intelligence with his people a way was projected to call an Assembly of Notables which should be equivalent to the States Generall though fewer far in number and some out of every one of the Provinciall Sedentary Courts of Parlement were chosen to joyn with them such an Assembly as this was held in Roven as we mentioned before which did little good therefore the King was advis'd to convoque such another at Paris this yeer which was done accordingly They met in the great Hall of the Twilleries where the King spoak to them thus We protest before the living God that We have no other ayme or intention but his honour and the good and ease of Our subjects therefore in his Name We conjure and pray you whom we have here convoqued and by that lawfull power which is given Us over you We command and expresly enjoyn you that without any other respect or cōsideration whatsoever without regard of pleasing or displeasing any person you would afford Us with all freedom and sinceritie those counsels which you shall judge in your consciences to be most wholesome and convenient to the advancement of the publique good The Cardinal de Richelieu also made a long rhetoricall Oration which you shall find in the legend of his life hereunto annexed but there was no great advantage accrued to the public by this Assembly of Notables though it lasted from the second of December to the twenty fourth of February following This yeer a passage happend in the Court of England whence ensued ill-favord consequences and no lesse then a war afterward 'twixt the two Nations which was this The train of French servants which the Queen of Great Britain had brought with her at her first arrivall was suddenly dismiss'd to the number of one hundred and twenty In regard of no good offices they did twixt the King and Queen and for some petulant bold misdemeanurs of theirs by imposing also certain odd superstitious penances upon the Queen in prejudice of her health Besides his Majesty of Great Britain having settled a Royall joynture upon her of neer upon one hundred thousand crowns a yeer out of the choicest Demeans Royalties and Houses he had in England the Bishop of Mende sought to be Surintendent and steward of her lands and others of her French servants expected to have Offices in that kind which the King would not hearken unto in regard the said French were unfit for those extern employments having not the Language or knowledge of the Laws and Customs of the Countrey therefore he desir'd them to rest contented with the domestic Offices they had about the Person of the Queen they made a shew to be satisfied herewith though palpable discontentments appear'd in their countenances and carriage afterward more and more So they were suddenly discharg'd and summon'd to quit the Kingdom and there should be order taken for all conveniences for their journey by Land and Sea and the arrears of their wages and pensions were punctually paid them The Queen for the present took much to heart the renvoy of her servants and the King her brother resented it also when notice was sent him though it was nothing to be wondred at for he himself had discharg'd the Spanish servants his Queen had brought with her not long after she came in the same manner The King of England dispatch'd a Messenger of honor to the Court of France to give a true information of matters which affoorded but little satisfaction Thereupon Marshall Bassompierre was sent Ambassador extraordinary to England expresly about this busines but matters were thrust so far off the hinges that they could not be set right again so soon The French began the first act of hostilitie and that before any public Declaration was publish'd by seizing a great number of English and Scottish ships at Blay as they were returning from the vintage with cargazons of wines from Bourdeaux but the Scots were releas'd the English still stayed A little after an Edict issued out in the Kings name to interdict all commerce and traffic with England that no kind of grain wines or pulse should be transported thither nor from thence to France any cloth serges woolls lead tinn stuffs silk stockings with an enumeration of divers other commodities by this one may observe the advantage that England hath of France in varietie and substance of Marchandizes The French Chroniclers obtrude to the world divers wrong informations of this travers twixt England and France 1. They relate that the French were casheer'd of the Queens service with little or nothing at all of their wages which is false for they were payed to a peny and many of them parted with gifts and much wealth 2. They report that the Queen out of her necessities had borrow'd much money of them which was also a calumny for there was never Princesse liv'd in greater plentie 3. They make the world beleeve that the first depraedations at Sea and acts of Piracy were committed by the English which is another falshood for besides the seisure of the Marchants at Blay where they came to reimbarque their Ordnance divers other praedatory acts were done by the French 4. They publish also another imposture that while the Earls of Carlile and Holland were in the heat of the Treaty of a Match with England the same time they did machinat the ruine of France the first time that England was ever taxed of double dealing 5. That his Majesty of Great Britain had no hand in the Pacifications which were made twixt the King and them of the Religion whereas his Ambassadors and Agents did alwayes follow the Kings Army to their excessive expences and did perpetually negotiat in their behalf and became caution to them for performances on the Kings side Thus a black cloud hung between England and France which broak out into a shrew'd though short tempest of war The King of Great Britain riggs up his galeons and in a very short time puts to Sea a huge royall fleet in perfect equippage of 150. Sayles with an Army of 10000. combatants which by the advise and directions of Monsieur Subize and Blancart who had fled to England some moneths before were
prime soldier of Europe Now Spinola being tyred with the lingring Low Countrey Wars and having recover'd the honor he had lost before Berghen op some by that notable exploit of taking Breda he procur'd his revokement from that service Being come to Spain there was some clashing 'twixt him and Olivares about accounts yet was he sent to be Governor of Milan and so was made Generall of this War He struck like thunder into Monferrat and took Nizza de la paglia and six places more notwithstanding the opposition of Toiras who had such successe against the English in the Isle of Ré and was now Governor for the King t'other side the Hills and had shut himself in Casal Colalto with the Imperiall Army enters the same time the Territories of Montava and takes Viadana Caneto Gazole Governo and presents himself before Mantova herself where the Venetians had sent 1000. men for the security of the Town As the King of France was preparing for Italy there were two ill-favord accidents happen'd one was that Monsieur being mightily taken in love with the Princesse Mary the Duke of Mantova's daughter for a second wife neither the King nor his Mother would give their consent unto it which in discontentment made him leave France and fly to Lorain this sudden sally was like to breed ill bloud for he publish'd a Manifesto wherein he cast many aspersions upon the present Government and the boundlesse Authority of Richelieu but the businesse was taken up by the ministery of good heads and Monsieur was charm'd to France again by an addition of the Duchy of Valois which was valued at one hundred thousand Franks yeerly to his former apannage The other was an insurrection in Dijon the chief Parlement Town of Burgundy where the King had erected a new Court for the improvement of his revenues The Officers of this new Court grew odious as all Innovations are which made the Populasse to mutiny specially the Vineyard-men who in confused troupes came into Dijon and did many insolences The tumult came to that height and was of that consequence that the King himself went thither in Person to appease it which he did by the assistance and sage conduct of the Duke de Bellegarde he passd ' an Act of abolition provided that a tax should be laid upon the Comminalty for repairing the losses of some of his Officers who had their houses burn'd and were otherwise damnified in this popular fury In the interim the Cardinal with an Army of twenty thousand foot and two thousand horse effectif men were ready to traverse the Alps towards Italy for it was not thought fit the King should venture his own Person in the second Expedition because his Physicians had discover'd some symptomes of an approching sicknes in him The Cardinal was accompagnied with three Marshals Crequy La Force and Schomberg who were all Generals of divers Squadrons but the Cardinal was chiefest Director of the War Nor did he wave the title of Generalissimo Nor do there want presidents in France how Cardinals have bin Generals of Armies which shall be produc'd in the life of Richelieu hereunto annexed The Duke of Savoy was somewat shy to let this Army passe through the body of his Countrey or that there should be staples of corn erected in some Towns for the supply of it which made the Cardinall speak high language demanding passage by vertue of the Articles of the late Peace at Susa So the Duke was willing the Army should passe by the river Dovaire Susine but not by Avigliana and through the Plain of Piemont By this appears in what a disadvantagious posture Nature hath placed some Princes whose Territories are situate 'twixt greater Potentates then themselfs which ofttimes puts them to weare double faces and play with a staff with two ends Such is the condition of the Duke of Savoy who besides the abruptnes and stupendous craggednes of most part of his Countrey is plac'd between two mighty Monarks the Kings of France and Spain and is oftentimes put to his wits end how to comply with both how to put off his hat to the one and how to make a leg to the other The Prince of Piemont came twise to confer with the Cardinall though much ado happen'd for the place of meeting The Prince offer'd in his fathers name to enter into an eternall Ligue with his most Christian Majesty against the Spaniard upon condition they should never disarme till they had made an entire conquest of Milan and Genoa the Cardinal held this proposition extravagant and illusory and made of purpose to render the King odious to Italy by apprehensions of an endlesse war thereupon having receiv'd a positif Commission from the King to make his passage by the sword in case of further delay he marched before Pignerol besieged it and took it whereby there was a double advantage gain'd a free passage for provision from Dauphiné as also that the said Pignerol enchaining as it were France to Italy commanded all the valley of Piemont The taking of Pignerol extremely troubled the Duke of Savoy therefore he had recourse to the Popes Nuncio to stir in the busines for an accommodation of things Signieur Mazarini a moderate and well weigh'd Gentleman was joyn'd with him and the Cardinal being return'd to Lions where the King and two Queens were to give an account how matters stood after much consultation and canvasing of the busines to and fro they propounded certain capitulations which they thought reasonable to both parties The Imperiall and Spanish party though they did not disapprove yet they delay'd to give up their resolution upon the said Articles to gain time and see what successe Colalto should get before Mantova and Spinola before Casal the chief Town of Monferrat Colalto a little after made himself Master of Mantova The French were mov'd at this and that Casal was in so dangerous condition as also that the Duke of Savoy was now arming apace thereupon the King with his Cardinal repasse the Alps with an Army of 23000. foot whereof there were 6000. Suisse and 4000. Liegeois and 2000. horse besides volonteers So he march'd to Chamberry who presently yeelded where Conqueror like he dismiss'd the Dukes Senat and established a Counsell of his own he march'd thence to Constans In the interim Crequy impatroniz'd himself of divers other places in Savoy In the heat of these actions the King had a desire to visit the Queen at Lyon whither he came but falling sick and disabled to return himself he sent the Duke of Monmorency and the Marquis de' Fiat who had bin Ambassador in England with a French Army to joyn with Marshall de la Force t'other side the Hills The Duke of Savoy to prevent this conjunction advanc'd as far as Avigliana with 20000. foot and 4000. horse made up of Spaniards and Germans The Armies met and there were some thousands kill'd on both sides Prince Doria was taken prisoner by the French and
and only aime was to procure an universall and well grounded peace throughout Christendom Before this Declaration was divulg'd a Herald of Arms was sent to Brussells where he publicly pronounc'd war against the King of Spain in the Market place and so in every Town at his return to France and he pass'd to and fro without any outrage at all The King had five Royall Armies in motion this Sommer the first in Lorain under the Duke of Angoulesme de la Force the second under the Cardinal de la Valette in Germany wherewith Bernard Weymer joyn'd The third was under the Duke of Crequy in Italy wherewith the Savoyard and Parmasan joyn'd The fourth was under the Duke of Rohan wherewith the Venetians and Grisons joyn'd to conserve the Valtolin The fifth was under the Marshall Chastillon in Picardy The first did some exploits against the Duke of Lorain where Ihon deWert Coloredo and the Baron of Clinchant took Saint Mihel and other places The second under de la Valette who had Coronell Hebron and divers Scots of his Army and having taken Binghen and other places he had a shrewd conflict with Galas neer Boulac where a great many of French Nobles and Gentlemen were slain so that this Army made not so good returns as the first The third under Rohan thrive well he fortified many places in the Valtolin and had a shrewd fight neer Bormio defeated Sarbellon and 3000. were slain upon the place The fourth under Crequy performed much in Italy divers places were taken in the Countrey of Alexandrin but laying a siege before Valentia he was forc'd to raise it The fifth under Chastillon had the best fortune of any for being to joyn with the Prince of Orenge at Maestricht he met in the way with Prince Tomaso at Avein neer Namur where after a tough serious fight above 3000. of the enemies fell 1500. men taken prisoners 95. Colours and 16. peeces of Ordnance After this exploit the French Army marchd towards Maestricht through the Countrey of Liege where Chastillon met with the Prince of Orenge and Bovillon there were high acclamations of joy at the conjunction of both Armies who came to the number specified in the Treaty all effectif men Add hereunto that there was a third Army of the Duke of Bovillons In so much that there was never since the beginning of the Belgique war a greater and more numerous body of Military strength at one time an Army able to gain an Empire for it was compos'd of neer upon 70000. combatants whereof there were above 10000. horse but their achievements and succes was not answerable to their power for they took but two mean Towns Tillemont and Diest and the Castle of Dormaet the first was pittifully pillag'd nor could the French soldiers be kept within any limits of awe but they did violat and plunder both Churches and Convents and committed many other strange outrages The Armies then march'd as far as Brussells and took prisoners out of the very suburbs but it was held neither safe to sit down before the place nor a thing feasible to take it the Cardinal Infante being intrench'd not far off in a very advantagious post therefore the Armies came before Lovain where they presently began their batteries the Marquis of Varennes with divers French fell there and divers more They of the Town made a furious sally upon the English quarters wherein Sir Charles Morgan was hurt and eighty more slain but in a short space they were repell'd to the Town with a considerable losse They made two brave sallies more upon Chastillons quarters a little after but the tenth day the siege was rais'd and the Town quite cleer'd of so vast an Army the reasons of the raising of this siege were first a great necessity of provision the second the strength of the enemy for Piccolomini was come to Namur with a fresh Army lastly the ignorance they had of the quality of the place in point of strength and her neernes to the greatest Towns in Brabant as Antwerp Brussells Malines with other These huge Armies being retreated from before Lovain the nimble Crabats did notably plague their reeres and carried away good booties Diest was also repris'd and the French Army being before Venlo news came that the famous Sconce of Schenk was taken by the Spanish Garrison of Gueldres as also that the Duke of Saxe the potentest Prince of Germany and the Dictator of the Protestants had made his peace with the Emperour besides that Iean de Wert had invaded and extremely ravag'd Lorain up and down which made Chastillon trusse up his baggage and leave Venlo and think upon homewards Thus this formidable French Army melted away to a small number nor could they who were left know which way to return to France so most of them were sent by Sea from Flushing and other places neverthelesse had their retreat bin answerable to their first entrance into the Netherlands when Chastillon gain'd such a notable victory of Prince Tomaso they had made a gallant Expedition of it but it was observ'd that after their sacriledges at Tillemont the Wind blew alwaies in their faces and nothing prosper'd with them Besides sundry good successes by Land the Spaniard this yeer had some prosperous gales at Sea for the Duke Fernandin and the Marquis de sancte Cruz took from the French with 22. Gallies and 5. Galeons two Islands in the Mediterranean call'd Sancta Margarita and Saint Honorat which much prejudic'd the Trade of Provence and all maritime commerce to Italy Young Oxenstern the Chancelor of Swedens son came in a gay equippage Ambassador to France this yeer he was treated with no common esteem and at his departure the King took off his finger a rich Ring which he wore that day of purpose to give him The said Oxenstern passing over to England upon the like employment though his reception was altogether as good and his present as valuable yet he refus'd the latter The maritim might and navall power of France never appear'd more then this yeer for the King being very sensible of the losse of his Islands neer Provence assembleth all the great ships which could be found in the Ports of Normandy Britainy Poitou and Guyen to the number of 59. vessels wherein there were embark'd neer upon 6000. men and they carie 400. peeces of Ordnance the first rendevous was at Rochell the Count of Harcour was appointed Generall and Sourdis the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Admirall they lanc'd out into the main and coasting Spain without any rencounter they entred the Mediterranean the Fleet of Province was then also in a readines which consisted of 12. Gallies of which squadron the Bishop of Nants was Director in chief who with him of Bourdeaux left his spirituall See to try his fortunes on the salt Sea he was embark'd in the gran Galeon of the Duke of Guyses of 1200. Tonns there was another squadron also of the gallies of France
for them yet they deserve to have Laurels upon their heads and Palmes of victory in their hands to all posterity Crescet occulto velut Arbor aevo Nomen Armandi Ludovicus ingens Stella fulgebit velut inter Ignes Luna minores FINIS An Alphabeticall Table of such matters that are the principall Ingredients of this Story A ANne of Austria affianc'd to Lewis the Thirteenth of France 13 Her dowry 13 Her joynture 14 Her Letter to the King of France 31 Made Regent of France 135 Anagrams on Henry the Great 5 Analogy 'twixt the Dauphin of France and the Duke of Cornwall 2 Advantage of a little well compacted body over a great 151 M. of Ancre's entrance into favour 16 He is slain by Vitry 37 Sentenc'd after death 38 His body untomb'd dragg'd up and down hang'd hack'd to peeces and burnt 38 A censure of him 38 Antipathy 'twixt the Spaniard and French 32 Five French Ambassadors in Italy in one yeer 34 Assembly of the three Estates meet at the Kings majority 23 Assembly of Notables first convok'd 40 All the Alliances that have pass'd 'twixt England and France 67 The D. of Angoulesme before Rochell and his stratagem to deceive the English 8 Marq Ambrosio Spinola's exploits in Italy a clash 'twixt him and Olivares 92 Governor of Milan and besiegeth Casal 93 His Epitaph 95 Archduchesse Isabella dieth at Brussels 106 Articles upon the mariage 'twixt England and France 64 Articles 'twixt the Swed and the French 99 Articles t'wixt the French and the Hollander upon the breach with Spain 109 Clandestine articles twixt the Duke of Rohan and the Spaniard 87 Articles 'twixt the French King and Charles Duke of Lorain 101 Articles 'twixt the King of France and Monsieur his brother 104 Articles 'twixt the French and Catalans 128 The Authours caution to the Reader 6 Armes how ill they become Church-men in the Proem B Bassompierre Ambassador in England 76 Battaile of Norlinghen 108 Bernard Weymar takes Rhinfeild 118 Brisac 125 His Epitaph 126 Becanus book De potestate Regis et Papae condemn'd at Rome 16 Birth and baptisme of Lewis the Thirteenth 1 Birth of the now Duke of Anjou 133 Blasphemous praises of the Cardinal of Richelieu in the Proem Duke of Bovillon invites the Pr of Condé to arme by a notable speech 17 M. de Bois Dauphin General for the King 29 Breda repris'd by the Hollander 116 Breme taken by the Spaniard 119 Duke of Buckingham sent to France to demand and conduct her now Majesty to England 67 The Duke of Buckinghams Manifesto after he had invaded France 77 The causes of the breach 80 The manner of his landing 82 His Letter to Toiras and the answer he receivd 83 His infortunat retreat prisoners taken and releas'd for her Majesties sake 84 The Duke of Buckinghams omissions in the Isle of Ré the causer of them 84 C Cardinals made Generalls 183 Catalonia falls from the Spaniard and the causes why 128 Pr Casimir taken prisoner in France 128 Character of Henry the Great 5 The Chamber of Accounts refuse to verifie the Kings Letter 29 Cadenet Ambassadour in England 56 The Chymericall Ambassadors 169 Christina the second daughter of Henry the Great maried to the Prince of Piemont her portion 42 The D. of Cheureux marieth the Lady Henrietta Maria to the King of England 66 Clergy men most dangerous if misapplied 128 A Clash 'twixt the Duke and the Parlement of Paris 27 A Clash 'twixt the Counsel of State and the Parlement with the Parlements submission 28 Condé and his Adhaerents proclaym'd Traytors 29 His clandestine consults in Paris apprehended in the Louure 35 Prince of Condé distasts the match with Spain 14 Puts himself in Arms to hinder the Queens entrance 28 A great Contention 'twixt the Church men in Paris 11 Contentions in the Generall Assembly of the three Estates 23 The Close and funerall of it 26 Cotton the Iesuit vindicats his Society 9 Count of Auvergne eleven yeers prisoner in the Bastile 37 Count of Chalais beheaded 74 D. of Crequies splendid Ambassage to Rome 106 Kil'd before Breme 119 His Epitaph 120 D Dauphin whence deriv'd 2 The Dauphin now king born 124 Decree of the Colledge of Sorbon against Francis Cupif 117 A Declaration sent to Rochell wherein the English are branded 79 Difference 'twixt the Germans and French at Brisac 127 Difference 'twixt Conde and Soissons about the Napkin 46 Difference 'twixt forren Princes and the Kings base sons 91 Disadvantagious to live 'twixt two potent neighbours exemplified in the Dukes of Savoy and Lorain 93. 101 Dismission of the French from the Queen of Englands service 75 The reasons why 76 Divers odd desseins fear'd in France 73 Distinction 'twixt liberty and priviledge 24 Dionysius his flatterers in the Proem A Discourse upon judiciary Astrology 15 Prince Doria taken prisoner by the French 94 Duke of Mains stately Ambassy to Spain about an alliance 13 Duke of Pastrana in France 14 E How Edward the Confessor us'd an Astrologer 15 Ecclesiasticus a scandalous book writ by Schioppius 16 Divers Errours of the French Chroniclers reflecting upon England 76 Duke of Espernon questions the Rochellers 38 He clasheth with the Court of Parlement 26 A pleasant passage 'twixt him and the Archbishop of Bourdeaux 123 He traceth the Queen Mothers escape out of Blois 43 He is outed of his Government and dieth a little after 123 Emanuel Duke of Savoy his exploits in Italy 71 He highly complains of the King of France whence arise some traverses 'twixt him and Monsieur Bullion the French Ambassador 72 His death prophecied 94 Epitaph upon Marshall Crequy 120 Epitaph upon Marq. Spinola 95 Epitaph upon Saxen Weymar 126 Epitaphs upon Cardinal de Richelieu 178 An Ethiopian Prince Zaga Christos arriv'd in Paris 120 Edicts against duels blasphemy 22 F Master Fairfax put to the torture before Montauban 58 The Falshood of some French Annalists in divers things and their stupidity in relating names 76 The Duke of Fereaincens'd against the Duke of Savoy 97 A fearfull unknown Fire in the Palace of Paris 42 Another when the two bridges were burnt 57 Ferrier a reformed Minister turnd Roman Catholic 14 Five French armies in motion in one sommer 111 Florimond de Puy a Reformed Gentleman beheaded for treason 11 Fontarabia besieg'd by the French 122 Don Fernando the King of Spains youngest brother dieth at Brussells 131 A strange libell touching him and his brother Don Carlos 132. The French soon weary of peace 3 French beaten before Theonville 126 G Master George Digby cutts Scioppius on the face for defaming King James 16 Don Gonsalez de Cordova refuseth the King of France his present 103 Gasper Galilei Galileo racants his opinion in Rome for holding the Sun to rest and the earth to move 107 His punishment ibid. Galigay the Marchiones of Ancre's death and Roman stoutnesse 20 Grievances discover'd and not redres'd do the body politic harm 27 D. of Guyse marieth the