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anno_fw-la dom._n 700._o this_o king_n wither_a unâ_fw-la 700._o cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la together_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o bishop_n who_o subscribe_v their_o name_n to_o his_o charter_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n of_o god_n in_o kenâ—…_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v perpetual_o free_v ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n publica_fw-la tributi_fw-la atque_fw-la dispendio_fw-la vel_fw-la laestone_n à _fw-la praesenti_fw-la aye_o &_o tempore_fw-la etc._n etc._n from_o all_o public_a exaction_n of_o tribute_n and_o from_o all_o damage_n and_o harm_n render_v to_o he_o &_o his_o posterity_n such_o honour_n and_o obedience_n as_o they_o have_v yield_v 10._o to_o the_o king_n his_o antecessor_n under_o who_o justice_n and_o liberty_n be_v keep_v towards_o they_o 706._o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 678._o 7_o wilfrid_n archbishop_n of_o york_n be_v in_o a_o council_n unjust_o deprive_v of_o his_o bishopric_n by_o theodor_n archbishop_n 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pope_n agatho_n and_o a_o council_n of_o 150_o bishop_n hold_v under_o he_o who_o decree_v he_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o bishopric_n and_o make_v such_o bishop_n under_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o a_o council_n to_o be_v heldâ—_n by_o he_o as_o he_o shall_v deem_v meet_a with_o which_o decree_n against_o his_o first_o sentence_n he_o return_v from_o rome_n to_o king_n egfrid_n to_o who_o he_o deliver_v it_o seal_v with_o the_o pope_n seal_n the_o king_n upon_o sight_n and_o read_v thereof_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o some_o of_o his_o bishop_n tantùm_fw-la à _fw-la reverentiâ_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la absuit_fw-la be_v so_o far_o from_o obey_v this_o decree_n of_o the_o roman_a see_v that_o he_o spoil_v wilfrid_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o possession_n and_o commit_v he_o prisoner_n to_o a_o barbarous_a and_o cruel_a governor_n who_o thrust_v he_o into_o a_o dark_a dungeon_n for_o many_o day_n and_o after_o that_o commit_v he_o to_o another_o more_o cruel_a gaoler_n than_o he_o call_v tumber_n who_o endeavour_v to_o put_v he_o into_o fetter_n by_o the_o king_n command_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n fasten_v upon_o his_o leg_n but_o they_o present_o fall_v off_o again_o through_o a_o miracle_n whereupon_o wickedness_n give_v â—…lace_n to_o religion_n he_o be_v loose_v from_o his_o bond_n detainâ—ed_v in_o free_a custody_n and_o afterward_o release_v but_o not_o restore_v after_o which_o about_o the_o year_n 693_o he_o appeal_v again_o to_o pope_n john_n against_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o second_o council_n which_o refuse_v to_o re-admit_a he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n unless_o he_o will_v submit_v to_o the_o decree_n of_o archbishop_n theodore_n and_o brithwald_n his_o successor_n which_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o holy_a canon_n which_o he_o conceive_v they_o not_o to_o be_v because_o they_o will_v order_v he_o to_o condemn_v himself_o without_o any_o crime_n object_v to_o he_o upon_o which_o appeal_n this_o pope_n with_o his_o bishop_n pronounce_v wilfrid_n free_a from_o all_o crime_n and_o order_v he_o to_o return_v to_o his_o archbishopric_n write_v letter_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o alfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n to_o restore_v he_o thereunto_o alfrid_n receive_v the_o pope_n letter_n by_o wilfrids_n messenger_n altogether_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o pope_n command_n in_o this_o case_n 7._o say_v quod_fw-la esset_fw-la contra_fw-la rationem_fw-la homini_fw-la jam_fw-la bis_fw-la à _fw-la toto_fw-la anglorum_fw-la concilio_n damnato_fw-la propter_fw-la quaelibet_fw-la apostolica_fw-la scripta_fw-la communicare_fw-la that_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n to_o communicate_v with_o a_o man_n already_o twice_o condemn_v by_o the_o whole_a council_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n for_o any_o write_n of_o the_o pope_n so_o little_o be_v the_o pope_n authority_n and_o decree_n then_o regard_v in_o england_n contradict_v the_o king_n and_o english_a council_n proceed_n neither_o will_v he_o restore_v he_o all_o his_o life_n after_o his_o death_n edulfe_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o tyranny_n wilfrid_n repair_v to_o he_o to_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o archbishopric_n upon_o this_o account_n of_o the_o pope_n letter_n whereupon_o he_o be_v so_o enrage_v with_o he_o for_o it_o though_o former_o his_o great_a friend_n that_o he_o present_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n forthwith_o unless_o he_o will_v be_v spâ—led_v of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o cast_v out_o of_o it_o with_o disgrace_n but_o this_o usuper_fw-la be_v deprive_v both_o of_o his_o realm_n crown_n and_o life_n in_o little_a more_o than_o 3_o month_n space_n and_o osred_a son_n of_o king_n alfrid_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o noble_n as_o right_a heir_n thereunto_o at_o last_o wilfrid_n be_v reinvest_v in_o his_o bishopric_n by_o the_o decree_n of_o a_o council_n hold_v under_o 705._o he_o in_o northumberland_n at_o a_o place_n call_v nidden_v anno_fw-la 705._o not_o so_o much_o in_o obedience_n to_o the_o pope_n command_n as_o king_n alfrid_n attest_v by_o elfleda_n his_o sister_n than_o abbess_n of_o streneshash_n witness_v these_o word_n of_o berfride_n ego_fw-la jussionibus_fw-la papae_fw-la obediendum_fw-la censeo_fw-la praeserâ—im_fw-la cum_fw-la eorum_fw-la robori_fw-la accedat_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la jussio_fw-la &_o nostrae_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la sponsio_fw-la etc._n etc._n pver_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la levatus_fw-la host_n be_v abactus_fw-la tyrannus_n extinctus_fw-la est_fw-la igitur_fw-la regiae_n voluntatis_fw-la ut_fw-la episcopus_fw-la wilfridus_n revestiatur_fw-la upon_o which_o he_o be_v according_o restore_v whereupon_o all_o the_o bishop_n embrace_v he_o and_o reconcile_v themselves_o to_o he_o this_o bishop_n wilfrid_n procure_v to_o the_o church_n of_o hagustald_v which_o he_o found_v and_o be_v bishop_n thereof_o many_o privilege_n and_o that_o for_o one_o mile_n circuit_n round_o about_o none_o shall_v be_v arrest_v go_v or_o come_v but_o 10._o enjoy_v inviolable_a peace_n quod_fw-la institutum_fw-la authoritate_fw-la &_o privilegiis_fw-la romanae_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicorum_fw-la &_o archiepiscoporum_fw-la &_o episcoporum_fw-la &_o regum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la tam_fw-la scotiae_fw-la quam_fw-la angliae_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la 292._o temerarius_fw-la infringere_fw-la audebit_fw-la &_o magnae_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la damno_fw-la obnoxius_fw-la erit_fw-la &_o perpetuo_fw-la anathematis_fw-la gladio_fw-la ab_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la seperabitur_fw-la as_o richard_n prior_n of_o hagustald_v record_n 712._o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 708_o 217._o egwin_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n procure_v king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n by_o their_o charter_n to_o grant_v and_o confirm_v many_o land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o evesham_n which_o pope_n constantine_n likewise_o ratify_v by_o his_o subscription_n at_o rome_n as_o well_o as_o these_o king_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o archbishop_n bishop_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o divers_a province_n who_o commend_v and_o approve_v their_o charter_n and_o liberality_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o pope_n constantine_n write_v a_o letter_n to_o brithwald_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o summon_v concilium_fw-la 10._o totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la a_o council_n of_o all_o england_n to_o wit_n of_o the_o king_n bishop_n religious_a person_n of_o holy_a order_n optimatesque_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la suis_fw-la with_o the_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v all_o assemble_v together_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v in_o their_o presence_n read_v the_o charter_n of_o these_o king_n and_o the_o pope_n confirmation_n of_o they_o that_o they_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o favour_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o people_n and_o consecrate_v with_o their_o benediction_n whereupon_o king_n kenred_n and_o offa_n after_o their_o return_n from_o rome_n assemble_v a_o general_n council_n in_o a_o place_n call_v alne_n where_o both_o the_o archbishop_n brithwald_n and_o wilfrid_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n nobles_z and_o these_o two_o king_n be_v
it_o in_o any_o particle_n whatsoever_o under_o pain_n of_o a_o anathema_n maranatha_n which_o decree_n the_o archbishop_n wirh_fw-mi 12_o other_o bishop_n subscribe_v and_o ratify_v with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n as_o they_o former_o do_v in_o the_o council_n of_o bechanceld_a an._n 798._o and_o in_o this_o council_n divers_a controversy_n concern_v the_o land_n limit_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o other_o bishop_n &_o bishopric_n be_v likewise_o decide_v and_o settle_v as_o you_o may_v therein_o â—ead_a at_o large_a 171._o eadburga_n daughter_n to_o king_n offa_n marry_v briâ—hric_a 80â—_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n proud_a of_o her_o parentage_n and_o match_n she_o grow_v so_o ambition_n â—…solent_a and_o tyrannical_a that_o she_o become_v odâ—ous_a not_o only_o to_o all_o the_o prelate_n noble_n and_o courtier_n but_o to_o the_o people_n likewise_o for_o be_v incite_v with_o malice_n and_o tyranny_n she_o usual_o accuse_v and_o execrate_v to_o the_o king_n all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n ordinary_n bishop_n and_o religious_a person_n and_o so_o overcome_v he_o by_o her_o flattery_n that_o those_o who_o she_o begin_v to_o accuse_v ant_n vitâ_fw-la aâ—t_fw-la regno_fw-la privaret_fw-la she_o will_v either_o deprive_v of_o life_n or_o banish_v they_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o she_o can_v not_o obtain_v this_o from_o the_o king_n against_o they_o she_o accustom_v to_o destroy_v they_o privy_o with_o poison_n at_o last_o an._n 802._o she_o prepare_v poison_n to_o destroy_v a_o rich_a and_o noble_a favourite_n of_o the_o king_n who_o he_o extraordinary_o love_v so_o as_o she_o can_v not_o banish_v or_o destroy_v he_o by_o her_o false_a accusation_n the_o king_n casual_o drink_v of_o the_o poison_n contrary_a to_o her_o intention_n as_o well_o as_o his_o favourite_n they_o be_v both_o therewith_o sudden_o poison_v and_o destroy_v wherewith_o this_o wicked_a woman_n be_v terrify_v sle_z with_o all_o her_o invaluable_a treasure_n beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o charles_n the_o great_a who_o for_o her_o lasciviousness_n in_o make_v choice_n of_o his_o son_n for_o her_o husband_n before_o himself_o though_o much_o enamour_a with_o her_o transcendent_a beauty_n thrust_v she_o into_o a_o monastery_n where_o soon_o after_o she_o abuse_v her_o body_n 4._o by_o uncleaness_n in_o lie_v with_o a_o lewd_a man_n be_v expel_v thence_o force_v to_o beg_v her_o bread_n and_o end_v her_o day_n in_o extreme_a misery_n a_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n both_o upon_o a_o tyrannical_a queen_n and_o unrighteous_a king_n seduce_v to_o banish_v and_o condemn_v his_o noble_n and_o subject_n unjust_o by_o her_o solicitation_n for_o this_o her_o most_o heinous_a crime_n the_o westsaxon_n ordain_v a_o law_n to_o the_o grand_a prejudice_n of_o all_o their_o succeed_a queen_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v either_o title_n majesty_n or_o place_n of_o royalty_n or_o queen_n non_fw-la enim_fw-la west-saxones_n reginam_fw-la vel_fw-la juxta_fw-la regem_fw-la sedere_fw-la vel_fw-la reginae_fw-la appellatione_fw-la insigniti_fw-la pariuntur_fw-la propter_fw-la malitiram_fw-la badburga_n quae_fw-la virâ—m_fw-la suum_fw-la brithicum_fw-la veneno_fw-la perdidit_fw-la &_o juxta_fw-la regem_fw-la sedens_fw-la omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la nobiles_fw-la accusare_fw-la solebat_fw-la &_o quos_fw-la accusare_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la potu_fw-la eos_fw-la venenifero_fw-la necare_fw-la consuevit_fw-la itaque_fw-la pro_fw-la reginae_fw-la maleficio_fw-la omnes_fw-la conjuraverunt_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la se_fw-la regnare_fw-la permitterent_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o praedictis_fw-la culpabilis_fw-la inveniretur_fw-la as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n asserius_fw-la menevensis_fw-la matthew_n westminster_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n and_o other_o out_o of_o they_o relate_v 329._o there_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a synod_n or_o council_n hold_v at_o celichuh_n in_o the_o year_n 816._o at_o which_o not_o only_o 816_o wulfr_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o all_o his_o suffragan_n bishop_n but_o likewise_o kenulf_n king_n of_o mercian_n with_o his_o prince_n duke_n and_o noble_n and_o sundry_a abbot_n priest_n deacon_n and_o other_o sacred_a order_n be_v present_a 6._o wherein_o they_o enact_v 11_o constitution_n the_o 6_o whereof_o be_v this_o in_o substance_n that_o the_o judgement_n and_o decree_n of_o bishop_n make_v in_o synod_n shall_v not_o be_v infringe_v but_o remain_v firm_a and_o irrefragable_a be_v ratify_v with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o holy_a cross_n by_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n subscription_n unless_o perchance_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n deem_v the_o subscription_n of_o their_o antecessor_n of_o no_o force_n and_o fear_v not_o to_o reform_v or_o cease_v from_o this_o error_n which_o shall_v rest_v and_o bring_v a_o curse_n on_o they_o and_o their_o heir_n the_o seven_o that_o no_o bishop_n abbot_n or_o abbess_n shall_v alienate_v or_o part_v with_o the_o land_n write_n and_o evidence_n of_o their_o church_n and_o monastery_n which_o they_o be_v entrust_v to_o keep_v nisi_fw-la rationabilis_fw-la cansa_fw-la poposcit_fw-la adjuvari_fw-la contra_fw-la invasionem_fw-la samis_fw-la &_o depraedationem_fw-la exercitus_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la libertatem_fw-la obtinendam_fw-la which_o cause_v they_o repute_v reasonable_a in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 822._o there_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a 822._o council_n assemble_v at_o clovesho_n wherein_o beornulph_n 2._o king_n of_o mercian_n sit_v precedent_n at_o which_o wulfred_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n omniumque_fw-la dignitatum_fw-la optimatibus_fw-la ecclesiasticarum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la &_o saecularium_fw-la personarum_fw-la be_v present_a debate_v thing_n both_o concern_v the_o benefit_n and_o regulation_n of_o the_o church_n and_o defence_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o proper_a subject_n of_o our_o present_a english_a parliament_n as_o these_o word_n import_v utilitatem_fw-la &_o necessitatem_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la monasterialisque_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la regulam_fw-la et_fw-la obseruantiam_fw-la stabilitatem_fw-la quoque_fw-la regni_fw-la pertractanteâ—_n in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n the_o proceed_n in_o 3_o precedent_a council_n touch_v the_o complaint_n 6._o of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v unto_o they_o in_o take_v away_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n by_o their_o king_n and_o officer_n with_o the_o proceed_n thereupon_o be_v at_o large_a recite_v which_o i_o shall_v here_o transcribe_v because_o general_o unknown_a to_o most_o and_o best_a discover_v the_o proceed_n of_o our_o ancient_a parliamentary_a council_n in_o case_n of_o this_o nature_n of_o any_o council_n i_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o that_o age_n and_o those_o which_o next_o proceed_v or_o succeed_v it_o all_o the_o say_a person_n in_o the_o say_a council_n sit_v down_o quiet_o together_o it_o be_v inquire_v by_o they_o quomodo_fw-la quis_fw-la cum_fw-la justitia_fw-la sit_fw-la tractatus_fw-la seu_fw-la quis_fw-la injustè_fw-fr sit_fw-la spoliatus_fw-la in_o what_o manner_n any_o one_o have_v be_v handle_v with_o justice_n or_o if_o any_o one_o have_v be_v unjust_o spoil_v whereupon_o amid_o other_o thing_n there_o act_v and_o speak_v it_o be_v show_v that_o archbishop_n wulfr_v by_o the_o misinformation_n and_o enmity_n and_o violence_n and_o avarice_n of_o king_n kenulph_n have_v suffer_v many_o injury_n and_o be_v most_o unjust_o deprive_v of_o his_o just_a domination_n as_o well_o by_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v unto_o he_o among_o we_o here_o in_o england_n as_o by_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v bring_v against_o he_o to_o the_o see_v apostolic_a by_o the_o procurement_n of_o the_o foresay_a king_n kenulph_n by_o which_o accusation_n and_o discord_n not_o only_o the_o forenamed_a archbishop_n but_o also_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n for_o almost_o six_o year_n space_n be_v deprive_v of_o its_o primordial_a authority_n and_o of_o the_o ministry_n of_o sacred_a baptism_n above_o all_o these_o thing_n the_o say_a king_n kenulph_n at_o a_o certain_a time_n with_o his_o council_n come_v to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n appoint_v a_o day_n with_o great_a indignation_n wherein_o the_o archbishop_n shall_v come_v unto_o 4._o he_o whither_o when_o he_o come_v the_o king_n command_v that_o relinquish_a all_o his_o good_n he_o shall_v speedy_o depart_v out_o of_o england_n without_o hope_n of_o return_v any_o more_o neither_o by_o the_o command_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o pope_n neither_o by_o the_o entreaty_n of_o the_o emperor_n nor_o of_o any_o other_o person_n unless_o he_o will_v consent_v to_o his_o will_n in_o demise_v to_o he_o a_o farm_n of_o 300_o hide_n of_o land_n call_v leogeneâ—ham_n and_o moreover_o will_v give_v to_o the_o say_a king_n one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o pound_n in_o money_n this_o reconciliation_n the_o say_a wulfred_n refuse_v long_o contradict_v and_o when_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o man_n of_o god_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o king_n who_o love_v he_o very_o much_o perceive_v the_o rapacity_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o king_n they_o importune_v the_o archbishop_n that_o he_o will_v consent_v to_o the_o king_n will_v upon_o this_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v relinquish_v the_o
re_n populi_n rectum_fw-la et_fw-la jus_o publicum_fw-la recitate_fw-la et_fw-la unum_fw-la quodque_fw-la placitum_fw-la terminum_fw-la habeat_fw-la quando_fw-la peragatur_fw-la quod_fw-la tunc_fw-la recitabitur_fw-la the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o law_n intimate_v that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o his_o wtse_n man_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o exeter_n witness_v the_o content_n thereof_o edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la admonuit_fw-la omnes_fw-la sapientes_fw-la quando_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la exoniae_fw-la ut_fw-la investigarent_fw-la simul_fw-la et_fw-la quaererent_fw-la 5._o quomodo_fw-la pax_fw-la eo_fw-la rum_o melior_fw-la esse_fw-la possit_fw-la quam_fw-la ante_fw-la à _fw-la fuit_fw-la quia_fw-la visume_v ei_fw-la quod_fw-la hoc_fw-la impletum_fw-la sit_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la deceret_fw-la et_fw-la quam_fw-la ante_fw-la à praecepisset_fw-la inquisivit_fw-la itaque_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la emendationem_fw-la velint_fw-la redire_fw-la et_fw-la in_o societate_fw-la permanere_fw-la quâ_fw-la ipse_fw-la sit_fw-la et_fw-la amare_fw-la quod_fw-la amat_fw-la et_fw-la nolle_fw-la quod_fw-la nolit_fw-la in_o mari_n &_o in_o terrâ_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la tunc_fw-la ne_fw-la quisquam_fw-la rectum_fw-la difforceat_fw-la alicui_fw-la siquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la faciat_fw-la emendet_fw-la sicut_fw-la supra_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o his_o first_o law_n then_o either_o make_v or_o rehearse_v prima_fw-la vice_n 30_o s._n secundâ_fw-la similitèr_fw-la ad_fw-la tertiam_fw-la vicem_fw-la 120_o s._n regi_fw-la the_o last_o chapter_n be_v the_o viii_o in_o bromtons_n translation_n but_o the_o xi_o in_o the_o saxon_a copy_n be_v this_o volo_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la praepositus_fw-la habeat_fw-la gemotum_fw-la a_o hundred_o court_n semper_fw-la ad_fw-la quatuor_fw-la hebdomadas_fw-la et_fw-la efficiat_a ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la rectum_fw-la habeat_fw-la et_fw-la omne_fw-la placitum_fw-la capiat_fw-la terminum_fw-la quando_fw-la perveniat_fw-la ad_fw-la finem_fw-la siquis_fw-la hoc_fw-la excipiat_fw-la emendet_fw-la sicut_fw-la antè_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la king_n edward_z decease_a life_n aethelstan_n his_o elder_a 9â—4_n son_n design_v by_o his_o father_n will_n to_o succeed_v he_o be_v elect_v king_n at_o winchester_n in_o the_o year_n 924._o magno_fw-la optimatum_fw-la consensu_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la favore_fw-la and_o solemn_o crown_v at_o kingston_n only_o one_o alfred_n and_o some_o factious_a one_o oppose_v his_o election_n pretend_v he_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o bear_v of_o a_o concubine_n whereupon_o they_o will_v have_v set_v up_o his_o brothet_n edwin_n be_v legitimate_a and_o next_o heir_n as_o they_o pretend_v who_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o noble_n reject_v nondum_fw-la ad_fw-la regnandum_fw-la propter_fw-la teneros_fw-la annos_fw-la idoneo_fw-la aethelstan_n after_o his_o coronation_n know_v his_o brother_n to_o be_v bear_v in_o lawful_a matrimony_n and_o fear_v ne_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la quandoque_fw-la regni_fw-la solio_fw-la privaretur_fw-la lest_o he_o shall_v be_v some_o time_n or_o other_o deprive_v of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o he_o hate_v he_o extreme_o and_o at_o the_o solicitation_n of_o some_o parasite_n whereof_o his_o cupbearer_n be_v the_o chief_a to_o be_v rid_v of_o he_o and_o this_o his_o fear_n he_o cause_v young_a edwin_n attend_v only_o with_o one_o page_n to_o be_v put_v into_o a_o old_a break_a boat_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n without_o sail_n oare_n or_o pilate_n that_o so_o his_o death_n may_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o wave_n out_o off_o which_o boat_n the_o young_a prince_n in_o discontent_n cast_v himself_o headlong_o into_o the_o sea_n or_o rather_o the_o page_n throw_v he_o headlong_o overboard_o and_o so_o be_v he_o drown_v but_o the_o page_n recover_v his_o body_n by_o row_v with_o his_o hand_n and_o foot_n bring_v it_o to_o land_n where_o it_o be_v inter_v the_o king_n be_v hereat_o so_o troubed_a with_o a_o real_a or_o feign_a contrition_n for_o this_o barbarous_a bloody_a fact_n 2._o that_o he_o do_v seven_o year_n voluntary_a penance_n for_o this_o his_o fratricide_n and_o adjudge_v his_o cupbearer_n to_o a_o cruel_a death_n who_o give_v he_o this_o ill_a advice_n and_o to_o pacify_v his_o brother_n ghost_n and_o his_o own_o conscience_n build_v two_o new_a monastery_n at_o middleton_n and_o michelresse_n and_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o old_a monastery_n in_o england_n which_o he_o adorn_v not_o either_o with_o building_n or_o ornament_n or_o book_n or_o land_n to_o expiate_v this_o his_o bloody_a crime_n in_o this_o king_n aethelstans_n reign_n in_o the_o year_n 927._o there_o be_v fiery_a beam_n and_o meteor_n see_v throughout_o all_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n soon_o after_o which_o athelstan_n resolve_v utter_o to_o extirpate_v the_o perfidious_a nation_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o treacherous_a scot_n which_o have_v violate_v their_o agreement_n make_v with_o his_o father_n whereupon_o he_o march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n into_o northumberland_n and_o scotland_n waste_v and_o harrow_v the_o country_n without_o resistance_n force_v guithfrith_n king_n of_o northumberland_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n unite_n it_o to_o his_o own_o realm_n vanquish_v and_o overcome_v howel_n king_n of_o wales_n constantine_n king_n of_o scot_n anlafe_v the_o dane_n and_o other_o in_o a_o set_a battle_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o their_o realm_n and_o force_v they_o to_o submit_v to_o he_o who_o upon_o their_o submission_n know_v the_o chance_n of_o war_n to_o be_v variable_a and_o pity_v the_o case_n of_o these_o downcast_a prince_n restore_v they_o present_o to_o their_o former_a estate_n with_o this_o princely_a speech_n that_o it_o be_v more_o honour_n to_o make_v a_o king_n than_o to_o be_v a_o king_n yet_o these_o petty_a king_n prince_n rebel_a afterward_o &_o side_v with_o anlafe_a against_o he_o be_v all_o rout_v by_o athelstane_n king_n constantine_n of_o scotland_n with_o five_o more_o of_o these_o king_n 12_o dukes_z and_o most_o of_o their_o army_n slay_v in_o one_o battle_n principal_o by_o the_o valour_n of_o turketulus_n and_o the_o londoner_n an._n 837_o whereupon_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o wales_n contract_v to_o pay_v he_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o 20_o pound_n weight_n of_o gold_n and_o 300_o of_o silver_n and_o 25000_o head_n of_o cattle_n with_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o hawk_n and_o hound_n which_o no_o king_n of_o england_n ever_o exact_v or_o receive_v from_o they_o before_o 49._o william_n of_o malmeshury_n who_o exceed_v in_o his_o praise_n write_v that_o it_o be_v true_o report_v of_o he_o among_o the_o english_a quod_fw-la nemo_fw-la legalius_fw-la vel_fw-la literatius_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la administraverit_fw-la that_o no_o king_n govern_v the_o commonwealth_n more_o legal_o or_o learned_o than_o he_o be_v as_o 817._o ingulphus_n record_v guide_v and_o direct_v by_o turketulus_n his_o chancellor_n a_o man_n of_o great_a integrity_n honesty_n and_o piety_n of_o proâ—â—und_a judgement_n who_o decree_n upon_o debate_n be_v irrefragable_a this_o king_n athelstan_n for_o the_o better_a administration_n of_o justice_n enact_v sundry_a excellent_a civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n record_v in_o bromt._n lamb._n &_o spelm._n the_o first_o of_o these_o his_o law_n be_v make_v and_o enact_v 928._o in_o the_o famous_a archaion_n council_n of_o grate_o about_o the_o year_n 928_o in_o which_o the_o king_n himself_o wulfehelm_v archbishop_n of_o cante_n bâ—ry_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n which_o king_n ethelstan_n can_v assemble_v be_v present_a who_o all_o ordain_v and_o confirm_v these_o law_n in_o this_o great_a council_n as_o the_o last_o chapter_n there_o oâ—_n inform_v we_o in_o these_o word_n totum_fw-la hoc_fw-la institutum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la in_o 6._o magno_fw-la synodo_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n câ—i_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la wolâ—â—nusâ—eâ—…_n â—eâ—…_z et_fw-la omnes_fw-la optimates_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la quos_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la potuit_fw-la congregare_fw-la oâ—_n cum_fw-la optimates_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la ab_fw-la aethelstano_fw-la evocate_n frequentissimi_fw-la as_o another_o copy_n render_v it_o which_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o member_n of_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v to_o it_o by_o this_o king_n write_v and_o not_o elect_v by_o the_o people_n suffrage_n and_o although_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o clergy_n man_n be_v the_o chief_a adviser_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a lâ—ws_n make_v in_o this_o council_n as_o this_o prologue_n to_o they_o atte_v ego_fw-la aethelstanus_fw-la rex_fw-la ex_fw-la prudenti_fw-la ulfnelmae_n archiepiscopi_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la et_fw-la servorum_fw-la dei_fw-la consilio_fw-la mando_fw-la yet_o they_o be_v all_o enact_v and_o confirm_v by_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n in_o the_o council_n as_o the_o premise_n evidence_n in_o this_o council_n the_o king_n command_v by_o his_o law_n all_o his_o officer_n that_o they_o shall_v demand_v and_o exact_v from_o his_o subject_n such_o thing_n and_o duty_n only_o as_o they_o may_v just_o and_o lawful_o receive_v 1._o add_v this_o memorable_a reason_n for_o it_o nunquam_fw-la enim_fw-la erit_fw-la populo_fw-la bene_fw-la consultum_fw-la nec_fw-la digne_fw-fr
realm_n and_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o subject_a to_o be_v withdraw_v from_o and_o set_v against_o their_o sovereign_n they_o think_v it_o a_o sufficient_a occasion_n and_o advantage_n to_o forward_o their_o intendment_n and_o omit_v no_o time_n arrive_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o kent_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n as_o aforesaid_a about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 982._o one_o lefsi_n buy_v 982._o land_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o ily_n of_o adelwold_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o not_o only_o deny_v to_o pay_v for_o they_o but_o likewise_o forcible_o disseise_v the_o bishop_n of_o 3._o manor_n burch_n undeles_fw-la and_o kateringe_n which_o the_o bishop_n recover_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o earlderman_n and_o thames_n in_o the_o witenagemote_a wittagemiot_n or_o parliamentary_a assembly_n of_o that_o age_n thus_o report_v by_o the_o ancient_a episcopi_fw-la book_n of_o ely_n and_o by_o 693._o mr._n selden_n out_o of_o it_o edicitur_fw-la placitum_fw-la apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la quo_fw-la cum_fw-la deuce_n principes_fw-la satrapae_fw-la rethores_fw-la et_fw-la causidici_fw-la ex_fw-la omni_fw-la parte_fw-la confluxerant_fw-la beatus_fw-la aedelwoldus_fw-la praefatum_fw-la lefsium_fw-la in_o jus_o protraxit_fw-la et_fw-la coram_fw-la cunctis_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la et_fw-la injuriam_fw-la ac_fw-la rapinam_fw-la quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la leofsius_fw-la intulerat_fw-la sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la ex_fw-la ordine_fw-la patefecit_fw-la qua_fw-la re_fw-la benè_fw-la ac_fw-la apertè_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la discussa_fw-la omnes_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la beato_fw-la aethelwaldo_n per_fw-la judicium_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la burch_n et_fw-la undeles_fw-la et_fw-la kateringe_n judicaverunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la leofsius_fw-la episcopo_fw-la totum_fw-la damnum_fw-la suum_fw-la suppleret_fw-la et_fw-la interpretatur_fw-la mundam_fw-la svam_fw-la redderet_fw-la de_fw-la rapina_fw-la verò_fw-la regis_fw-la forisfacturam_fw-la emendaret_fw-la dato_fw-la pretio_fw-la genealogiae_fw-la suae_fw-la post_fw-la haec_fw-la infra_fw-la octavum_fw-la diem_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la iterum_fw-la ad_fw-la northamtune_n et_fw-fr congregata_fw-la ibi_fw-la tota_fw-la provincia_n sive_fw-la vicecomitatu_fw-la coram_fw-la cunctis_fw-la iterum_fw-la causam_fw-la supradictam_fw-la 6_o patefecerunt_fw-la qua_fw-la patefacta_fw-la ac_fw-la declarata_fw-la ut_fw-la praejudicata_fw-la erat_fw-la apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la judicaverunt_fw-la et_fw-la isti_fw-la apud_fw-la northamtune_n quo_fw-la facto_fw-la omnis_fw-la populus_fw-la cum_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la in_o christi_fw-la cruse_n reddiderunt_fw-la episcopo_fw-la quae_fw-la sua_fw-la erant_fw-la scilicet_fw-la burch_n et_fw-la undeles_fw-la et_fw-la kateringe_n by_o which_o precedent_n it_o be_v apparent_a 1._o that_o parliamentary_a council_n in_o that_o age_n hold_v plea_n and_o give_v judgement_n of_o disseisin_n and_o title_n of_o land_n 2._o that_o they_o have_v lawyer_n to_o assist_v they_o and_o plead_v such_o case_n before_o they_o 3._o that_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o great_a council_n at_o london_n be_v confirm_v recite_v and_o execute_v in_o the_o county-court_n hold_v at_o northampton_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o land_n according_o restore_v to_o the_o bishop_n king_n 144._o ethelred_n be_v incense_v against_o the_o bishop_n 986._o of_o rochester_n anno_fw-la 983._o as_o some_o or_o 986._o as_o other_o compute_v it_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o rochester_n for_o a_o long_a space_n whereupon_o archbishop_n dunstan_n command_v he_o to_o give_v over_o the_o siege_n lest_o he_o shall_v provoke_v st._n andrew_n patron_n of_o that_o city_n against_o he_o the_o king_n notwithstanding_o continue_v his_o siege_n till_o he_o extort_a one_o hundred_o pound_n from_o the_o bishop_n whereupon_o dunstan_n admire_v at_o his_o covetousness_n send_v he_o this_o message_n because_o thou_o have_v prefer_v silver_n before_o god_n money_n before_o a_o apostle_n covetousness_n before_o i_o the_o evil_n which_o the_o lord_n have_v denounce_v shall_v violent_o come_v upon_o thou_o upon_o which_o matthew_n westminster_n make_v this_o observation_n anno_fw-la 986._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la aethelredus_fw-la qui_fw-la prohibente_fw-la beato_fw-la dunstano_fw-la centum_fw-la libras_fw-la ab_fw-la episcopo_fw-la roffensi_fw-la extorserat_fw-la pro_fw-la pace_fw-la brevissima_fw-la pensionem_fw-la 16_o millium_fw-la librarum_fw-la persolvere_fw-la compulsus_fw-la est_fw-la which_o fall_v not_o out_o till_o the_o year_n 994._o as_o himself_o and_o other_o record_n malmesbury_n refer_v it_o to_o the_o tax_n of_o 10_o thousand_o pound_n pay_v by_o he_o to_o the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 991._o in_o this_o year_n 986._o alfric_n duke_n of_o mercian_n son_n of_o duke_n alfere_n be_v banish_v england_n crudeliter_fw-la cruel_o without_o just_a cause_n as_o bromton_n recite_v which_o make_v he_o afterward_o prove_v treacherous_a to_o the_o king_n he_o be_v one_o of_o those_o english_a quos_fw-la nullis_fw-la causis_fw-la extantibus_fw-la exhaeredabat_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la affecto_fw-la crimine_fw-la opibus_fw-la emungebat_fw-la which_o malmesbury_n tax_v he_o for_o his_o oppression_n and_o injustice_n 4._o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o his_o miscarriage_n and_o expulsion_n by_o the_o dane_n 99â—_n anno_fw-la 988._o the_o dane_n invade_v wecedport_n thereupon_o grafton_n goda_n earl_n of_o devonshire_n strenwild_n a_o most_o valiant_a knight_n and_o many_o other_o in_o defence_n of_o their_o native_a country_n and_o liberties_n fight_v with_o they_o and_o be_v slay_v by_o they_o and_o anno_fw-la 891._o brithnoth_v the_o most_o valiant_a duke_n of_o the_o east_n english_a and_o his_o force_n fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o the_o invade_a dane_n who_o waste_v ipswich_n and_o the_o part_n adjoin_v in_o which_o battle_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n and_o this_o valiant_a duke_n with_o many_o thousand_o of_o the_o english_a in_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n against_o these_o invader_n after_o which_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o spricius_fw-la syricius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n duke_n aethelward_n alfric_n and_o other_o noble_n assemble_v no_o doubt_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o malmesbury_n his_o deuce_n et_fw-la proceres_fw-la 1._o si_fw-la quando_fw-la in_o concilium_fw-la venissent_fw-la pars_fw-la hic_fw-la 〈◊〉_d illud_fw-la elâ—…_n etc._n etc._n 〈◊〉_d henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n his_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la si_fw-la quando_fw-la ad_fw-la concilium_fw-la congregati_fw-la etc._n etc._n import_n a_o tribute_n of_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n be_v give_v to_o the_o dane_n that_o they_o may_v desist_v from_o their_o frequenr_a rapine_n and_o slaughter_n of_o man_n which_o they_o frequent_o exercise_v about_o the_o seacoast_n pacemque_fw-la firmam_fw-la cum_fw-la iis_fw-la tenerent_fw-la and_o may_v hold_v a_o firm_a peace_n with_o they_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n style_v this_o 879._o infaustum_fw-la concilium_fw-la a_o unlucky_a council_n eadmerus_n 1._o give_v this_o verdict_n of_o it_o regis_fw-la desidia_fw-la circum_fw-la circa_fw-la innotuit_fw-la et_fw-la ideo_fw-la extevorum_fw-la cupiditas_fw-la opes_fw-la anglorum_fw-la quam_fw-la mortes_fw-la affectans_fw-la hac_fw-la &_o illac_fw-la per_fw-la mare_fw-la terram_fw-la invadere_fw-la &_o primo_fw-la propinquas_fw-la mari_fw-fr villa_n &_o urbes_fw-la deinde_fw-la remotiores_fw-la ac_fw-la demum_fw-la totam_fw-la provinciam_fw-la miserabili_fw-la depopulatione_fw-la devastare_fw-la quibus_fw-la cum_fw-la ille_fw-la nimio_fw-la pavore_fw-la perculsus_fw-la non_fw-la armis_fw-la occurrere_fw-la sed_fw-la data_fw-la pecunia_fw-la pacem_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n petere_fw-la non_fw-la erubuisset_fw-la ipsi_fw-la 〈◊〉_d suscepto_fw-la pretio_fw-la in_o sua_fw-la revertebantur_fw-la ut_fw-la numero_fw-la suorum_fw-la adaucto_fw-la fortiores_fw-la redirent_fw-la ac_fw-la praemia_fw-la iteratae_fw-la irruptionis_fw-la multiplicata_fw-la reciperent_fw-la unde_fw-la modo_fw-la decem_fw-la millia_fw-la modo_fw-la sedecim_fw-la millia_fw-la modo_fw-la viginti_fw-la quatuor_fw-la millia_fw-la modo_fw-la triginta_fw-la millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la argenti_fw-la consecuti_fw-la sunt_fw-la omne_fw-la illis_fw-la largiente_fw-la praefato_fw-la rege_fw-la edelredo_fw-la et_fw-la gravi_fw-la exactione_n totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la oppriment_fw-la 62._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n pa_v this_o censure_n on_o it_o and_o the_o unhappy_a consequence_n of_o it_o dane_n omnes_fw-la portus_fw-la infestantibus_fw-la &_o levitate_fw-la piratica_fw-la ubique_fw-la infestantibus_fw-la dum_fw-la nesciretur_fw-la ubi_fw-la eye_n occurrere_fw-la debent_fw-la decretum_fw-la à _fw-la syriaco_fw-it archiepiepiscopo_n etc._n etc._n ut_fw-la repellerentur_fw-la argento_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la poterunt_fw-la ferro_fw-la ita_fw-la decem_fw-la milliâ—_n librarum_fw-la soluta_fw-la cupiditatem_fw-la danorum_fw-la explâ—â—ere_fw-la exemplum_fw-la infamiae_fw-la et_fw-la viris_fw-la indignnm_fw-la libertatem_fw-la pecunia_fw-la redimere_fw-la quam_fw-la ab_fw-la inuicto_fw-la animo_fw-la nulla_fw-la violentia_fw-la possit_fw-la excutere_fw-la et_fw-la tunc_fw-la quidem_fw-la palisper_n ab_fw-la incurâ—â—bus_fw-la cestarunt_fw-la mox_fw-la ubi_fw-la vires_fw-la otio_fw-la resumpserunt_fw-la ad_fw-la superiora_fw-la reditum_fw-la tantus_fw-la timor_fw-la anglos_n invaserat_fw-la ut_fw-la nihil_fw-la de_fw-la resistendo_fw-la cogitarent_fw-la si_fw-mi qui_fw-la antiquae_fw-la gloriae_fw-la memores_fw-la obviare_fw-la &_o â—â—gna_fw-la colligere_fw-la tentassent_fw-la hostium_fw-la multitudine_fw-la &_o sociorum_fw-la defectione_n destituebantur_fw-la whereby_o they_o become_v vassal_n and_o tributary_n to_o the_o 203._o insult_a dane_n cujus_fw-la siricii_n consilio_fw-la in_o gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la dixi_fw-la ethelredum_fw-la regem_fw-la animi_fw-la libertatem_fw-la danis_n pretio_fw-la â—endicasse_fw-la ut_fw-la eoruâ—_n pacem_fw-la argento_fw-la redimerent_fw-la quod_fw-la ferro_fw-la repellere_fw-la posseâ—â—_n
that_o so_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o english_a may_v all_o joint_o and_o at_o one_o time_n be_v free_v from_o the_o danish_a oppression_n and_o so_o the_o dane_n who_o by_o a_o firm_a covenant_n swear_v unto_o by_o both_o side_n a_o little_a before_o aught_o to_o have_v dwell_v peaceable_o with_o the_o english_a be_v too_o opprobrious_o 2._o slay_v and_o the_o woman_n with_o their_o child_n be_v dash_v against_o the_o post_n of_o the_o house_n miserable_o pour_v out_o their_o soul_n when_o therefore_o the_o sentence_n of_o this_o decree_n be_v execute_v at_o the_o city_n of_o london_n without_o mercy_n many_o of_o the_o dane_n flee_v to_o a_o certain_a church_n in_o the_o city_n where_o all_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v without_o pity_n stand_v by_o the_o very_a altar_n themselves_o moreover_o that_o which_o aggravate_v the_o rage_n of_o this_o persecution_n be_v the_o death_n of_o guimild_a sister_n of_o king_n swain_n slay_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o england_n she_o be_v lawful_o marry_v to_o count_n palingers_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o great_a power_n who_o go_v into_o england_n with_o her_o husband_n they_o both_o there_o receive_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o sacrament_n of_o baptism_n this_o most_o prudent_a virago_n be_v the_o mediatrix_fw-la of_o the_o peace_n between_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n give_v herself_o with_o her_o husband_n and_o only_a son_n as_o hostage_n to_o king_n ethelred_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o peace_n she_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o king_n to_o that_o most_o wicked_a duke_n edric_n to_o keep_v that_o traitor_n within_o few_o day_n after_o command_v her_o husband_n with_o her_o son_n to_o be_v slay_v before_o her_o face_n with_o four_o spear_n and_o last_o of_o all_o command_v she_o to_o be_v behead_v she_o undergo_v death_n with_o a_o magnanimous_a mind_n without_o fear_n or_o change_v of_o countenance_n but_o yet_o confident_o pronounce_v as_o she_o be_v die_v that_o the_o shed_n of_o her_o blood_n will_v bring_v great_a detriment_n to_o england_n 360._o henry_n huntindon_n thus_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o massacre_n in_o the_o year_n 1002._o emma_n the_o jewel_n of_o the_o norman_n come_v into_o england_n and_o receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n with_o which_o match_n king_n ethelred_n be_v puff_v up_o with_o pride_n bring_v forth_o perfidiousness_n cause_v all_o the_o dane_n who_o be_v with_o peace_n in_o england_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o clandestine_v treason_n on_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n concern_v which_o wickedness_n we_o have_v hear_v in_o our_o infancy_n some_o honest_a old_a man_n say_v that_o the_o say_a king_n send_v secret_a letter_n into_o every_o city_n according_a to_o which_o 2._o the_o english_a on_o the_o same_o day_n and_o hour_n destroy_v all_o the_o dane_n either_o cut_v off_o their_o head_n without_o give_v they_o warning_n with_o sword_n or_o take_v and_o burn_v they_o sudden_o together_o with_o fire_n vbi_fw-la fuit_fw-la videre_fw-la miseriam_fw-la dum_fw-la cuique_fw-la charissimos_fw-la hospites_fw-la quos_fw-la etiam_fw-la arctissima_fw-la necessitudo_fw-la dulcâ—ores_fw-la effecerat_fw-la cogeretur_fw-la prodere_fw-la et_fw-la amplexus_fw-la gladio_fw-la deturbare_fw-la write_v 64._o malmsbury_n the_o news_n of_o this_o bloody_a massacre_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v bring_v into_o denmark_n to_o king_n swain_n by_o some_o youth_n of_o the_o danish_a nation_n who_o escape_v and_o flee_v out_o of_o england_n in_o a_o ship_n move_v he_o to_o tear_n 392._o vocatisque_fw-la cunctis_fw-la regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la who_o call_v all_o the_o prince_n of_o his_o realm_n together_o and_o relate_v the_o whole_a series_n of_o what_o be_v act_v to_o they_o he_o diligent_o inquire_v of_o they_o what_o they_o will_v advise_v he_o to_o do_v who_o all_o cry_v out_o together_o as_o with_o one_o mouth_n decree_v that_o the_o blood_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o friend_n be_v to_o be_v revenge_v whereupon_o swain_n a_o cruel_a man_n prone_a to_o shed_v blood_n animate_v to_o revenge_n by_o his_o messenger_n and_o letter_n command_v all_o the_o warrior_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o charge_v all_o the_o soldier_n in_o foreign_a region_n greedy_a of_o gain_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o this_o expedition_n against_o the_o english_a which_o they_o cheerful_o do_v he_o have_v now_o a_o fair_a show_n to_o do_v foul_o than_o ever_o wrong_v have_v now_o make_v he_o a_o right_a of_o invasion_n who_o have_v none_o before_o anno_fw-la 1003._o king_n swain_n arrive_v with_o a_o great_a navy_n 1003._o and_o army_n in_o england_n by_o the_o negligence_n and_o treachery_n daniel_n of_o one_o hugh_n a_o norman_a who_o queen_n emma_n have_v make_v earl_n of_o devonshire_n take_v and_o spoil_v the_o city_n of_o exeter_n raze_v the_o wall_n thereof_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o burn_v the_o city_n to_o ash_n return_v with_o a_o great_a prey_n to_o his_o ship_n leave_v nothing_o behind_o they_o but_o the_o ash_n after_o which_o waste_v the_o province_n of_o wiltshire_n a_o strong_a army_n congregat_v out_o of_o hamshire_n and_o wiltshire_n go_v with_o a_o resolution_n manful_o and_o constant_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o both_o army_n be_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o ready_a to_o join_v battle_n earl_n edric_n their_o general_n a_o constant_a traitor_n to_o his_o country_n and_o secret_a friend_n to_o the_o dane_n feign_v himself_o to_o be_v very_o sick_a and_o begin_v to_o vomit_v so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o possible_o fight_v where_o upon_o the_o army_n see_v his_o slothfulness_n and_o fearfullness_n depart_v most_o sorrowful_a from_o their_o enemy_n without_o fight_v be_v dishearten_v by_o the_o cowardice_n of_o their_o captain_n which_o swain_n perceive_v he_o march_v to_o wilton_n and_o sarisbery_n which_o he_o take_v pillage_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n return_v with_o the_o spoil_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o triumph_n the_o next_o year_n swain_n to_o who_o god_n have_v design_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n as_o some_o old_a other_o historian_n write_v 1004._o sail_v with_o his_o fleet_n to_o norwich_n pillage_v and_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o ulfketel_n duke_n of_o east-england_n 〈◊〉_d man_n of_o great_a valour_n see_v himself_o surprise_v and_o want_v time_n to_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o resist_v the_o dane_n cum_fw-la majoribus_fw-la east-angliae_a habito_fw-la consilio_fw-la take_v â—9_n counsel_n with_o the_o great_a man_n of_o east_n england_n make_v peace_n with_o swain_n which_o he_o treacherous_o break_v within_o three_o week_n after_o sudden_o issue_v out_o of_o his_o ship_n surprise_v pillage_v and_o burn_v thetford_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o cover_v the_o country_n like_o locust_n spoil_v all_o thing_n and_o slaughter_v the_o countryman_n without_o resistance_n which_o duke_n ulfketel_v be_v inform_v of_o command_v some_o of_o his_o countryman_n to_o break_v his_o ship_n in_o piece_n in_o his_o absence_n from_o they_o which_o they_o not_o dare_v or_o neglect_v to_o do_v and_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n raise_v a_o army_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o he_o can_v bold_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n return_v with_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o sharp_a encounter_n on_o both_o side_n the_o english_a be_v overpower_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v total_o ront_v and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o east-england_n there_o slay_v in_o their_o country_n defence_n who_o fight_v so_o valiant_o that_o the_o dane_n confess_v they_o have_v never_o a_o hard_a or_o sharp_a battle_n in_o england_n than_o this_o the_o great_a loss_n the_o dane_n sustain_v in_o it_o though_o they_o get_v the_o field_n and_o a_o extraordinary_a famine_n in_o england_n the_o year_n follow_v great_a than_o any_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n cause_v swain_n to_o return_v into_o denmark_n to_o refresh_v and_o recruit_v his_o army_n king_n ethelred_n quit_v of_o these_o enemy_n anno_fw-la 1006_o 1006._o deprive_v wulfgate_v the_o son_n of_o leonne_n who_o he_o have_v love_v westm_n more_o than_o all_o man_n of_o his_o possession_n and_o all_o his_o humour_n propter_fw-la injusta_fw-la judicia_fw-la for_o his_o unjust_a judgement_n and_o proud_a work_n and_o likewise_o command_v the_o 6._o eye_n of_o the_o two_o son_n of_o that_o arch-traitor_n edric_n strcona_n to_o be_v put_v out_o at_o cocham_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o court_n because_o edric_n have_v treacherous_o entice_v a_o bloody_a butcher_n godwin_n porthound_n who_o he_o corrupt_v with_o great_a gift_n to_o murder_v the_o noble_a duke_n althelin_n at_o scoborbyrig_n as_o he_o be_v hunt_v who_o edric_n purposely_o invite_v to_o a_o feast_n that_o he_o may_v thus_o treacherous_o murder_v he_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n the_o dane_n return_v with_o a_o innumerable_a navy_n into_o england_n land_v at_o
saint_n he_o fall_v off_o from_o his_o horse_n and_o continue_v in_o great_a torment_n till_o night_n and_o so_o end_v his_o life_n with_o a_o miserable_a death_n knighton_n swain_n be_v deâ—d_v the_o whole_a navy_n and_o nation_n 1014._o of_o the_o dane_n elect_v and_o make_v â—…te_v his_o son_n their_o king_n and_o lord_n 〈…〉_z majores_fw-la natu_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la the_o noble_n and_o senator_n of_o all_o england_n like_v nothing_o â—eâ—s_v than_o bondage_n especial_o under_o such_o new_a tyrannize_a foreign_a intrâ—…_n think_v it_o now_o or_o never_o the_o time_n to_o shake_v ofâ—_n their_o new_a yoke_n pronounce_v their_o natural_a lord_n to_o be_v dear_a to_o they_o than_o any_o foreiner_n si_fw-mi regalius_fw-la se_fw-la quam_fw-la consuâ—verat_fw-la ageret_fw-la whereupon_o with_o unanimous_a consent_n and_o great_a joy_n and_o speed_n they_o send_v messenger_n â—…o_o normandy_n to_o ethelred_n to_o inform_v he_o nullum_fw-la eo_fw-la libentius_fw-la se_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la recepturos_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la vel_fw-la rectius_fw-la gubernare_fw-la vel_fw-la mitius_fw-la eos_fw-la tractare_fw-la vellet_fw-la quam_fw-la prius_fw-la tractaverat_fw-la and_o to_o hasten_v his_o return_n unto_o 8._o they_o who_o thereupon_o present_o send_v over_o his_o son_n edward_n qui_fw-la fidem_fw-la principum_fw-la favoremque_fw-la vulgi_fw-la praesens_fw-la specularetur_fw-la who_o together_o with_o his_o ambassador_n assure_v both_o the_o noble_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o english_a nation_n that_o he_o will_v for_o time_n to_o come_v be_v their_o mild_a and_o devout_a lord_n consent_n to_o their_o will_n in_o all_o thing_n acquiesce_v in_o their_o counsel_n and_o if_o he_o have_v offend_v in_o any_o kind_n he_o will_v reform_v it_o according_a as_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a and_o with_o a_o ready_a mind_n pardon_v whatsoever_o have_v be_v contemptuous_o or_o disgraceful_o speak_v or_o act_v by_o they_o against_o he_o or_o he_o if_o they_o will_v all_o unanimous_o receive_v he_o again_o as_o their_o king_n into_o the_o kingdom_n to_o which_o they_o all_o give_v a_o favourable_a and_o satisfactory_a answer_n whereupon_o a_o plenary_a reconciliation_n be_v ratify_v between_o they_o on_o both_o side_n both_v by_o word_n and_o compact_a moreover_o 171._o the_o noble_n unanimous_o and_o free_o agree_v and_o vote_v that_o they_o will_v never_o more_o admit_v a_o danish_a king_n into_o england_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o these_o thing_n conclude_v king_n ethelred_n speedy_o return_v into_o england_n where_o he_o be_v honourable_o and_o joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o english_a and_o that_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o cast_v off_o his_o former_a sloathfulness_n he_o hasten_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n against_o cnute_n who_o remain_v with_o his_o navy_n in_o lindesey_n make_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n exact_v man_n and_o horse_n from_o they_o that_o he_o may_v surprise_v ethelred_n at_o unaware_o and_o threaten_v grievous_o to_o punish_v all_o such_o as_o revolt_v from_o he_o but_o cnute_n be_v take_v in_o his_o own_o craft_n ethelred_n march_v thither_o with_o a_o strong_a army_n before_o he_o be_v provide_v to_o receive_v he_o flee_v from_o thence_o with_o his_o hostage_n army_n and_o navy_n to_o sandwich_n whereupon_o ethelred_n depopulate_v all_o lindesey_n waste_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n slay_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o traitor_n to_o he_o and_o their_o native_a country_n cnute_n by_o way_n of_o revenge_n humano_fw-la et_fw-la divino_fw-la jure_fw-la contempto_fw-la in_o insontes_fw-la grassatus_fw-la cut_v off_o the_o hand_n and_o ear_n and_o â—â—its_v the_o nose_n of_o all_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o beautiful_a hostage_n throughout_o england_n give_v to_o his_o father_n and_o so_o dismiss_v they_o sail_v into_o denmark_n to_o settle_v his_o affair_n and_o augment_v his_o source_n resolve_v to_o return_v the_o year_n follow_v after_o his_o departure_n 382._o king_n ethelred_n this_o very_a year_n super_fw-la haec_fw-la omne_fw-la mala_fw-la classi_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la greenwic_n â—acuiâ—_n tributum_fw-la quod_fw-la erat_fw-la 30._o millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la pendi_fw-la mandavit_fw-la to_o wit_n to_o the_o fleet_n under_o turkell_n the_o dane_n who_o instead_o of_o defend_v do_v but_o 1._o help_v to_o pillage_n and_o oppress_v the_o english_a huntindon_n write_v it_o be_v but_o 21_o thousand_o pound_n and_o bromton_n aver_v that_o it_o be_v cnute_n not_o ethelred_n who_o command_v it_o to_o be_v pay_v to_o his_o navy_n soon_o after_o which_o the_o sea_n rise_v high_a than_o it_o be_v accustom_v drown_v a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o village_n people_n and_o cartel_n after_o cnutes_n departure_n speed_n king_n ethelred_n summon_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n at_o oxford_n anno_fw-la 1015_o 1015._o both_o of_o the_o dane_n and_o english_a malmsbury_n express_o style_v it_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la wigorniensis_fw-la hoveden_n sim._n dunelmensis_n magnum_fw-la placitum_fw-la matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o magnum_fw-la colloquium_fw-la our_o late_a english_z historian_n a_o great_a council_n and_o parliament_n the_o king_n by_o the_o ill_a advice_n of_o that_o arch_a traitor_n duke_n edric_n at_o this_o great_a council_n command_v some_o noble_n of_o the_o dane_n to_o be_v sudden_o and_o secret_o slay_v quasi_fw-la de_fw-la regius_fw-la proditione_n notatos_fw-la ac_fw-la persidiae_fw-la apud_fw-la se_fw-la insimulatos_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v sygeforth_o and_o morcar_n who_o edric_n treacherous_o invite_v to_o his_o chamber_n and_o there_o make_v they_o drink_v cause_v his_o arm_a guard_n there_o place_v secret_o to_o murder_v they_o which_o they_o do_v hereupon_o their_o servant_n endeavour_v to_o revenge_v their_o lord_n death_n be_v digniores_fw-la et_fw-la potentiores_fw-la ex_fw-la seovengensibus_fw-la they_o be_v repulse_v with_o arm_n and_o force_v to_o sly_a into_o the_o tower_n of_o st._n frideswides_n church_n for_o safety_n whence_o when_o they_o can_v not_o be_v forcible_o expel_v they_o be_v all_o there_o burn_v together_o the_o king_n present_o seize_v upon_o their_o land_n and_o good_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o their_o murder_n as_o some_o conceive_v and_o send_v the_o relict_n of_o sygeforth_o a_o very_a noble_a beautiful_a and_o virtuous_a lady_n prisoner_n to_o malmsbury_n whither_o edmond_n the_o king_n base_a son_n as_o some_o affirm_v post_v without_o his_o father_n privity_n and_o be_v enamour_v with_o her_o beauty_n first_o carnal_o abuse_v then_o afterward_o marry_v she_o and_o by_o her_o advice_n forcible_o invade_v and_o seize_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o morcar_n which_o be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o earldom_n of_o northumberland_n which_o his_o father_n deny_v he_o upon_o his_o request_n whereupon_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o county_n ready_o submit_v to_o he_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v d_o cnute_n have_v settle_v his_o affair_n in_o denmark_n daniel_n and_o make_v a_o league_n with_o his_o neighbour_n king_n recruire_v his_o army_n and_o navy_n and_o return_v into_o england_n with_o a_o resolution_n either_o to_o win_v it_o or_o to_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o attempt_n arrive_v first_o at_o sandwich_n and_o sail_v thence_o to_o the_o west_n he_o pillage_v dorsetshire_n somersetshire_n and_o wiltshire_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o slaughter_n and_o plunder_n king_n ethelred_n lie_v then_o sick_a at_o cosham_n his_o son_n edmond_n ironside_n and_o duke_n edric_n raise_v a_o army_n against_o cnute_n but_o when_o both_o their_o force_n be_v unite_v to_o fight_v he_o the_o old_a perfidious_a traitor_n edric_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o betray_v edmond_n to_o the_o dane_n or_o treacherous_o to_o slay_v he_o which_o be_v discover_v to_o edmond_n thereupon_o they_o sever_v their_o force_n from_o each_o other_o and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o enemy_n without_o give_v they_o battle_n not_o long_o after_o edric_n entice_v to_o he_o 40_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n furnish_v with_o danish_a mariner_n and_o soldier_n open_o revolt_v and_o go_v with_o they_o to_o cnute_n subject_v himself_o to_o his_o dominion_n as_o his_o sovereign_n by_o who_o example_n all_o west-sex_n submit_v to_o he_o as_o their_o king_n deliver_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n resign_v up_o all_o their_o arm_n to_o he_o and_o provide_v both_o horse_n and_o arm_n for_o his_o danish_a army_n the_o mercian_n offer_v themselves_o alone_o to_o resist_v the_o dane_n but_o through_o the_o king_n sloathfulness_n the_o business_n of_o war_n receive_v delay_v and_o the_o enemy_n proceed_v in_o their_o rapine_n without_o opposition_n in_o the_o year_n 1016._o king_n cnute_n and_o treacherous_a 1016._o duke_n edric_n come_v with_o 200_o sail_n of_o ship_n into_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n whence_o they_o march_v by_o land_n with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o invade_v mercia_n in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n burn_v all_o the_o town_n and_o village_n and_o slay_v all_o the_o man_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o warwickshire_n and_o other_o place_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n as_o
they_o shall_v receive_v great_a reward_n from_o he_o for_o the_o same_o after_o their_o answer_n to_o those_o interrogatory_n to_o ingratiate_v themselves_o further_o with_o cnute_n though_o they_o be_v swear_v before_o to_o edmond_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v native_a englishman_n yet_o they_o there_o all_o take_v a_o solemn_a 1._o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o cnute_n swear_v to_o he_o that_o they_o will_v and_o do_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o king_n &_o humble_o obey_v he_o et_fw-la exercitui_fw-la vectigalia_fw-la dare_fw-mi and_o will_v give_v tribute_n to_o his_o army_n and_o have_v receive_v a_o pledge_n from_o cnute_n naked_a hand_n with_o oath_n from_o the_o prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o dane_n &_o cnute_n reciprocal_a oath_n from_o they_o and_o all_o the_o people_n they_o ratify_v a_o mutual_a covenant_n and_o league_n of_o peace_n with_o reciprocal_a oath_n between_o both_o nation_n reconcile_a and_o abandon_v all_o public_a enmity_n between_o they_o they_o likewise_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v cast_v off_o banish_z and_o whole_o reject_v king_n edmond_n brother_n son_n and_o family_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o they_o there_o nota._n present_o fratres_n et_fw-la filios_fw-la edmondi_n regis_fw-la omnino_fw-la despexerunt_fw-la eosque_fw-la reges_fw-la esse_fw-la negaverunt_fw-la unum_fw-la autem_fw-la ex_fw-la ipsis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la clitonibus_fw-la edwinum_fw-la egregium_fw-la et_fw-la river_n endissimum_fw-la edmundi_fw-la regis_fw-la germanum_fw-la ividem_fw-la cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la pessimo_fw-la exulem_fw-la esse_fw-la debere_fw-la coustituerunt_fw-la as_o roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n abbot_n ethelred_n wigorniensis_n and_o other_o at_o large_a record_n the_o story_n the_o discord_n treacherous_a falsehood_n disloyal_a proceed_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n then_o towards_o one_o another_o &_o the_o english_a royal_a line_n be_v thus_o elegant_o set_v forth_o by_o 374._o abbot_n ailred_n a_o lively_a character_n of_o our_o age_n externisque_fw-la malis_fw-la accessit_fw-la civilis_fw-la discordia_fw-la adeò_fw-la ut_fw-la quis_fw-la cui_fw-la crederet_fw-la quis_fw-la cui_fw-la mentis_fw-la suae_fw-la secreta_fw-la committeret_fw-la nesciretur_fw-la plena_fw-la erat_fw-la proditoribus_fw-la insula_fw-la nusquam_fw-la tuta_fw-la fides_fw-la nusquam_fw-la sine_fw-la suspitione_n amor_fw-la sermo_n sine_fw-la simulatione_fw-la tandem_fw-la eousque_fw-la proditio_fw-la civilis_fw-la et_fw-la astutia_fw-la processit_fw-la hostilis_fw-la ut_fw-la defuncto_fw-la rege_fw-la magna_fw-la pars_fw-la insnlae_fw-la legitimis_fw-la abdicatis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la cnutoni_fw-la qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la invaserat_fw-la manus_fw-la darent_fw-la peremptoque_fw-la invictissimo_fw-la rege_fw-la edmundo_n paterni_fw-la honoris_fw-la simul_fw-la et_fw-la laboris_fw-la haerede_fw-la etiam_fw-la filios_fw-la ejus_fw-la adhuc_fw-la in_o cunis_fw-la agence_n barbaris_fw-la mitterent_fw-la occidendos_fw-la king_n cnute_n hear_v this_o their_o palpable_a flattery_n and_o contemptuous_a rejection_n of_o edwin_n and_o the_o saxon_a regal_a line_n go_v joyful_o into_o his_o chamber_n and_o call_v perfidious_a duke_n edric_n to_o he_o demand_v of_o he_o how_o he_o may_v deceive_v prince_n edwin_n so_o as_o to_o have_v he_o murder_v who_o thereupon_o inform_v he_o how_o and_o by_o who_o his_o murder_n may_v be_v accomplish_v by_o promise_a reward_n of_o money_n and_o preferment_n which_o be_v according_o effect_v soon_o after_o by_o cnutes_n procurement_n and_o command_n this_o edric_n likewise_o persuade_v cnute_n to_o slay_v prince_n edward_n and_o edmond_n king_n edmond_n son_n whereupon_o statuit_fw-la cnuto_fw-mi mirabiliter_fw-la in_o animo_fw-la svo_fw-la omne_fw-la genus_fw-la gentis_fw-la regni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la perdere_fw-la vel_fw-la exilio_fw-la perenni_fw-la eliminare_fw-la ut_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la filiis_fw-la suis_fw-la jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la reservare_fw-la curaret_fw-la write_v matthew_n westminster_n p._n 402._o but_o because_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o great_a disgrace_n to_o he_o to_o murder_v these_o infant_n prince_n in_o england_n he_o afterward_o send_v they_o over_o sea_n to_o king_n swain_n to_o slay_v they_o in_o denmark_n who_o abhor_v the_o fact_n instead_o thereof_o send_v they_o to_o solomon_n king_n of_o hungary_n to_o be_v preserve_v and_o educate_v cnute_n have_v thus_o through_o the_o flattery_n perjury_n and_o treachery_n of_o the_o english_a prelate_n and_o noble_n gain_v the_o entire_a monarchy_n of_o england_n slay_v or_o banish_v all_o those_o perfidious_a english_a sycophant_n temporizer_n who_o have_v the_o chief_a hand_n in_o this_o false_a testimony_n abjuration_n &_o treacherous_a bloody_a advice_n against_o the_o saxon_a royal_a family_n â—…hose_v counsel_n he_o slay_v or_o banishea_fw-mi all_o the_o blood-royal_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n that_o so_o he_o may_v jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la reserve_v and_o perpetuate_v the_o kingdom_n to_o his_o own_o posterity_n by_o a_o hereditary_a right_n duke_n edric_n the_o principal_a of_o they_o for_o this_o and_o his_o other_o treason_n foremention_v be_v deprive_v of_o his_o dukedom_n of_o mercia_n and_o exemplary_o execute_v as_o a_o most_o perfidious_a traitor_n by_o cnute_n command_v the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o many_o of_o his_o captain_n and_o follower_n be_v slay_v with_o he_o of_o which_o at_o large_a before_o mortem_fw-la proditoris_fw-la pro_fw-la demeritis_fw-la accepit_fw-la laqueo_fw-la suspensus_fw-la et_fw-la in_o tamesin_n fluvium_fw-la projectus_fw-la cum_fw-la quo_fw-la plurimis_fw-la sattellitum_fw-la suorum_fw-la similiter_fw-la occisis_fw-la etiam_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la praecipuus_fw-la et_fw-la primus_fw-la normannus_n occisus_fw-la est_fw-la write_v abbot_n 892._o ingulphus_n turkell_n duke_n of_o east-england_n and_o hire_v duke_n of_o northumberland_n be_v both_o banish_v the_o realm_n duke_n norman_a and_o bridric_n slay_v a_o a_o heavy_a tax_n of_o 82_o thousand_o pound_n beside_o 10000_o pound_n impose_v on_o london_n alone_a 8_o impose_v and_o levy_v on_o the_o whole_a nation_n quoniam_fw-la igiâ—…_n proprii_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la proditores_fw-la adulantes_fw-la regiment_v 〈…〉_z in_o capâ—…_n in_o cor_fw-la 〈…〉_z et_fw-fr à _fw-fr câ—â—the_n quem_fw-la naturalibus_fw-la dominis_n praetulerunt_fw-la confracture_n 〈…〉_z omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la primi_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la fuere_fw-la consilio_fw-la exterminavit_fw-la et_fw-la 〈…〉_z well_fw-mi regno_fw-la repulit_fw-la vel_fw-la occidit_fw-la as_o 366._o abbot_n eâ—â—elred_n recoâ—â—s_v to_o poâ—…ty_n so_o which_o 363._o henry_n huntindon_n and_o 3._o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n subjoun_v posteà _fw-la vero_fw-la rex_fw-la justo_fw-la dei_fw-la judicio_fw-la dignam_fw-la retributionem_fw-la nequitiae_fw-la anglis_fw-la reddidit_fw-la ipse_fw-la namque_fw-la â—â—x_fw-la cnute_n edâ—…m_fw-la occidit_fw-la quia_fw-la timebat_fw-la ab_fw-la insidiâ—s_fw-la ab_fw-la co_fw-la aliquando_fw-la circumveniri_fw-la sicut_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la priores_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la &_o edmondus_fw-la frequent_a sunt_fw-la circumventi_fw-la quorum_fw-la diutina_fw-la proditione_n alterum_fw-la vexavit_fw-la alterum_fw-la interfecit_fw-la add_v florentius_n wigornionsis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n and_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la turkellum_fw-la exulavit_fw-la hirc_n fugere_fw-la compulit_fw-la praeterea_fw-la summos_fw-la procerum_fw-la aggressus_fw-la normannum_fw-la ducem_fw-la interfecit_fw-la edwi_n adeling_n exterminavit_fw-la adelwoldum_fw-la detruncavit_fw-la edwi_n churlege_v exulavit_fw-la birdric_n ferro_fw-la vita_fw-la privavit_fw-la 391._o aethelwardus_fw-la filius_fw-la agelmari_fw-la ducis_fw-la et_fw-la brihtricus_fw-la filius_fw-la alphegi_fw-la domnaniensis_fw-la satrapae_fw-la sine_fw-la culpa_fw-la interfecti_fw-la sunt_fw-la fecit_fw-la quoque_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la mirabilem_fw-la censum_fw-la reddi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la 82._o some_o write_v 72._o mille_fw-la librarum_fw-la praeter_fw-la undecies_fw-la mille_fw-la libri_fw-la quas_fw-la londinensis_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la dignum_fw-la igitur_fw-la exactorem_fw-la dominus_fw-la justus_n anglis_fw-la imposuit_fw-la for_o reject_v their_o own_o hereditary_a sovereign_a line_n 205._o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la english_v by_o trevisa_n fabian_n and_o 174._o grafton_n thus_o second_v they_o also_o they_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v in_o all_o wise_a put_v off_o edmond_n kin_n they_o trow_v thereby_o to_o be_v great_a with_o the_o king_n afterward_o but_o it_o fare_v far_o otherwise_o for_o many_o or_o the_o more_o part_n of_o they_o special_o such_o as_o canutus_n perceive_v be_v swear_v before_o to_o edmond_n and_o his_o heir_n he_o mistrust_v and_o disdain_v ever_o after_o therefore_o some_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v by_o god_n nota._n rightful_a doom_n and_o some_o banish_v and_o exile_v and_o put_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o some_o by_o god_n punishment_n die_v sudden_o and_o come_v to_o a_o miserable_a end_n which_o other_o of_o our_o historian_n likewise_o register_v i_o shall_v desire_v all_o such_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o the_o like_a treachery_n flattery_n practice_n or_o advice_n against_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n royal_a posterity_n advise_o to_o ponder_v this_o sad_a domestic_a precedent_n in_o their_o most_o retire_a meditation_n for_o fear_v they_o incur_v the_o like_a divine_a retaliation_n by_o god_n rightful_a doom_n when_o and_o by_o who_o they_o least_o suspect_v or_o fear_v it_o king_n cnute_n thus_o quit_v of_o all_o king_n edmond_n son_n 1018._o brethren_n kindred_n and_o likewise_o of_o the_o great_a english_a duke_n and_o noble_n who_o may_v endanger_v his_o life_n crown_n and_o new-acquired_n monarchy_n in_o the_o next_o place_n
do_v by_o he_o to_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n in_o banish_v and_o spoil_v she_o of_o her_o money_n and_o jewel_n against_o all_o right_a and_o justice_n and_o partly_o for_o his_o unjust_a invasion_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o in_o truth_n as_o a_o just_a retaliation_n of_o his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n to_o prince_n alfred_n and_o his_o norman_n for_o who_o treacherous_a inhuman_a slaughter_n king_n hardecnute_a deprive_v alfred_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n of_o his_o bishopric_n who_o hand_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v in_o alfred_n blood_n and_o for_o which_o murder_n he_o likewise_o look_v with_o a_o evil_a eye_n upon_o earl_n godwin_n compel_v he_o to_o a_o oath_n of_o purgation_n touch_v the_o same_o whereupon_o godwin_n by_o his_o own_o oath_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o most_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n his_o compurgator_n swear_v though_o most_o false_o that_o prince_n alfred_n eye_n be_v not_o put_v out_o nor_o he_o murder_v as_o aforesaid_a by_o his_o counsel_n or_o consent_n but_o what_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v only_o by_o the_o command_n of_o king_n harold_n which_o he_o dare_v not_o resist_v notwithstanding_o which_o oath_n to_o purchase_v his_o peace_n with_o hardecnute_a he_o present_v he_o with_o a_o most_o rich_a and_o royal_a present_n to_o wit_n with_o a_o ship_n who_o stern_a be_v of_o gold_n with_o 80_o soldier_n place_v therein_o all_o uniform_o and_o rich_o suit_v have_v on_o their_o head_n gild_v burgonet_n on_o their_o arm_n bracelet_n of_o gold_n on_o their_o body_n habergeon_n sword_n battleax_n target_n and_o other_o arm_n after_o the_o danish_a fashion_n all_o rich_o gild_v with_o gild_a boss_n and_o dart_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o present_n though_o it_o pacify_v the_o king_n indignation_n yet_o it_o prevent_v not_o god_n avenge_a justice_n on_o he_o afterward_o for_o alfred_n blood_n thus_o partly_o avenge_v on_o harold_n carcase_n which_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o thames_n and_o mangle_a according_a to_o hard-cnutes_a command_n and_o lay_v float_v on_o the_o water_n sundry_a day_n till_o a_o fisherman_n in_o compassion_n take_v up_o his_o corpse_n and_o bury_v it_o private_o in_o st._n clement_n danes_n chap._n v._n contain_v a_o brief_a historical_a collection_n of_o all_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n state-assembly_n historical_a passage_n and_o proceed_n that_o concern_v the_o fundamental_a liberty_n privilege_n right_n property_n law_n and_o government_n of_o the_o nation_n under_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n from_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1042._o to_o 1066._o wherein_o he_o die_v king_n hardecnute_a be_v sudden_o take_v out_o of_o this_o world_n without_o issue_n 1042._o by_o divine_a justice_n on_o the_o 6_o day_n of_o june_n anno_fw-la 1042._o thereupon_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n immediate_o after_o his_o death_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o great_a council_n about_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a king_n wherein_o grafton_n omnes_fw-la anglorum_fw-la magnates_fw-la ad_fw-la invicum_fw-la tractantes_fw-la de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_n et_fw-la juramento_fw-la statuerunt_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la temporibus_fw-la futuris_fw-la aliquis_fw-la dacus_n super_fw-la eos_n in_o anglia_fw-it regnaret_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la maxim_n pro_fw-la contemptibus_fw-la quos_fw-la angli_fw-la à _fw-la dane_n saepiâ—…_n acceperunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o other_o inform_v we_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o english_a treat_v together_o decree_v by_o common_a advice_n which_o they_o ratify_v with_o a_o oath_n that_o in_o time_n to_o come_n never_o any_o dane_n or_o person_n of_o the_o danish_a blood_n shall_v reign_v or_o be_v king_n overdo_n they_o in_o england_n any_o more_o disclaim_v all_o danish_a subjection_n &_o that_o especial_o for_o the_o contempt_n which_o the_o english_a have_v very_o often_o receive_v from_o the_o dane_n for_o if_o a_o dane_n have_v meet_v a_o englishman_n upon_o any_o bridge_n the_o englishman_n must_v not_o be_v so_o hardy_a to_o move_v a_o foot_n but_o stand_v stâ—ll_o till_o the_o dane_n be_v pass_v quite_o over_o it_o and_o moreover_o if_o the_o englishman_n have_v not_o bâ—wed_v down_o their_o head_n to_o do_v reverence_n to_o the_o dane_n they_o shall_v present_o have_v undergo_v great_a punishment_n and_o stripe_n whereupon_o king_n hardecnute_a be_v dead_a the_o english_a rise_v up_o against_o they_o drive_v all_o the_o dane_n be_v then_o without_o a_o king_n and_o captain_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n who_o speedy_o quit_v the_o land_n never_o return_v into_o it_o afterward_o and_o here_o we_o may_v just_o stand_v still_o a_o while_n and_o contemplate_v the_o admirable_a retaliate_a justice_n of_o god_n upon_o our_o danish_a usurp_v king_n and_o their_o posterity_n king_n 225._o cnute_n as_o you_o hear_v before_o cause_v the_o temporize_a english_a bishop_n noble_n and_o baron_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n against_o their_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n ethelred_n edmund_n ironside_n and_o their_o heir_n no_o less_o than_o twice_o one_o after_o another_o to_o renounce_v cast_v off_o and_o abjure_v their_o regal_a posterity_n to_o make_v they_o incapable_a of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o settle_v the_o inheritance_n of_o it_o upon_o he_o and_o his_o danish_a blood_n anno_fw-la 1016._o and_o 1017._o and_o now_o in_o little_a more_o than_o twenty_o year_n after_o all_o the_o english_a prelate_n and_o noble_n assemble_v in_o council_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n by_o a_o solemn_a decree_n and_o oath_n abjure_v renounce_v and_o eternal_o disinherit_v all_o the_o danish_a blood-royal_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o restore_v the_o saxon_a english_a royal_a line_n to_o that_o sovereignty_n which_o they_o have_v former_o disclaim_v such_o be_v the_o vicissitude_n of_o divine_a justice_n and_o providence_n worthy_a our_o observation_n in_o these_o wheel_a time_n wherein_o we_o live_v when_o no_o man_n know_v what_o change_v of_o like_a nature_n 1._o one_o day_n or_o year_n may_v bring_v forth_o the_o english_a put_v their_o decree_n for_o cashier_v all_o the_o dane_n in_o execution_n 6._o turn_v the_o mâ—â—t_n of_o all_o the_o castle_n fort_n garrison_n city_n village_n throughout_o england_n as_o well_o those_o of_o the_o royal_a and_o noble_a blood_n as_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n and_o force_v they_o to_o depart_v the_o realm_n as_o they_o have_v former_o banish_v the_o english_a prince_n and_o noble_n 8._o procâ—reâ—_n igitur_fw-la anglorum_fw-la jam_fw-la dacorum_n dominio_fw-la liberati_n the_o noble_n therefore_o of_o engl._n be_v thus_o free_v from_o the_o dane_n dominion_n for_o so_o much_o of_o god_n of_o his_o mercy_n and_o providence_n who_o be_v the_o maker_n of_o heir_n think_v good_a after_o the_o woâ—ull_a captivity_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o grant_v they_o some_o respite_n of_o deliverance_n in_o take_v away_o the_o danish_a king_n without_o any_o issue_n leave_v behind_o they_o who_o reign_v here_o in_o england_n keep_v the_o english_a people_n in_o miserable_a subjection_n about_o the_o space_n of_o 28_o year_n and_o from_o their_o first_o land_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n brictâ—icus_n waste_v and_o vex_v this_o land_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 255_o year_n their_o tyranny_n now_o come_v to_o a_o end_n by_o the_o death_n of_o hard_a cnute_n they_o thereupon_o assemble_v together_o in_o a_o great_a council_n with_o a_o general_a consent_n elect_a prince_n edward_n surname_v the_o confessor_n the_o young_a and_o only_a survive_a son_n of_o king_n ethelred_n for_o their_o king_n who_o annuente_fw-la clero_fw-la et_fw-la populo_fw-la londoniis_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la eligitur_fw-la as_o 415._o mat._n westminster_n relate_v whereupon_o edward_n be_v then_o in_o normandy_n where_o he_o have_v long_o live_v in_o exile_n be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o gentle_a and_o soft_a spirit_n more_o appliable_a to_o other_o man_n counsel_n then_o able_a to_o trust_v his_o own_o &_o natural_o so_o averse_a from_o all_o war_n &_o bloodshed_n that_o he_o wish_v rather_o to_o continue_v all_o his_o life_n long_o in_o a_o private_a exile_a estate_n then_o by_o war_n or_o blood_n to_o aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n the_o lord_n send_v messenger_n to_o he_o to_o come_v over_o and_o take_v peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n they_o have_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o king_n advise_v he_o to_o bring_v with_o he_o as_o few_o norman_n as_o he_o can_v and_o they_o will_v most_o faithful_o establish_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n edward_n though_o at_o first_o he_o much_o doubt_v what_o course_n to_o steer_v somewhat_o mistrust_v the_o treachery_n and_o inconstancy_n of_o the_o fickle_a head_a english_a yet_o at_o last_o upon_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o messenger_n who_o inform_v he_o 13._o melius_fw-la esse_fw-la ut_fw-la vivat_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la in_o imperio_fw-la quam_fw-la ignominiosus_fw-la moriâ—ur_fw-la in_o exilio_fw-la jure_fw-la ei_o competere_fw-la regnum_fw-la aevo_fw-la
this_o character_n of_o he_o superbia_fw-la elatus_fw-la jam_fw-la factus_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tyrannus_n rex_fw-la haroldus_n in_o multis_fw-la patrisan_n temerarius_fw-la suit_n et_fw-la indiscretus_fw-la in_o praesumptione_n ancipiti_fw-la nimis_fw-la suae_fw-la invictae_fw-la considens_fw-la fortitudini_fw-la laudis_fw-la cupidus_fw-la et_fw-la thesauri_fw-la promissorum_fw-la immemor_fw-la arridente_fw-la prosperitate_fw-la unde_fw-la ipsis_fw-la anglis_fw-la quibus_fw-la praeerat_fw-la etiam_fw-la consanguineis_fw-la se_fw-la praebuerat_fw-la odiosum_fw-la victoriamque_fw-la cum_fw-la illi_fw-la dominus_fw-la exercâ—tuum_fw-la et_fw-la deus_fw-la ultionum_fw-la concesserat_fw-la non_fw-la deo_fw-la sed_fw-la sibi_fw-la suaeque_fw-la ascripsit_fw-la strenuitati_fw-la quod_fw-la recenti_fw-la experientia_fw-la fuerat_fw-la comprobatum_fw-la cum_fw-la a_o noricis_n evictis_fw-la superbus_n spoliisque_fw-la omnium_fw-la retentis_fw-la quae_fw-la aliis_fw-la promissa_fw-la debebantur_fw-la ad_fw-la normannorum_fw-la praelia_fw-la praecipitant_a et_fw-la inconsultè_fw-la festinavit_fw-la unde_fw-la ducis_fw-la gulihelmi_n magnanimi_fw-la in_o negotiis_fw-la bellicis_fw-la peragendis_fw-la et_fw-la circumspecti_fw-la fidelis_fw-la in_o pollicitis_fw-la in_o pace_n socialis_fw-la &_o jucundi_fw-la in_fw-la conviviis_fw-la dapsilis_fw-la et_fw-la sereni_fw-la omnibus_fw-la fere_n tam_fw-la anglis_fw-la quam_fw-la conterminis_fw-la maxim_n tamen_fw-la noricis_n acceptabatur_fw-la recipientes_fw-la eum_fw-la benevole_fw-la dicebant_fw-la benedictus_fw-la qui_fw-la venit_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la domini_fw-la rex_fw-la pacificus_fw-la bellator_fw-la victoriosus_fw-la pater_fw-la &_o protector_n desolatorum_fw-la dominus_fw-la autem_fw-la papa_n simulque_fw-la fratres_fw-la cardinal_n universi_fw-la cum_fw-la tota_fw-la curia_fw-la romana_fw-la regem_fw-la haroldum_n semper_fw-la exosum_fw-la habentes_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la sibimet_fw-la diadema_fw-la regni_fw-la sine_fw-la eorum_fw-la convenientia_fw-la et_fw-la ecclesiastica_fw-la solemnitate_fw-la consensuque_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la praesumpserat_fw-la injuriam_fw-la dissimularunt_fw-la et_fw-la videntes_fw-la que_fw-la sine_fw-la ausa_fw-la praesumptio_fw-la terminaretur_fw-la cum_fw-la fortuna_fw-la adversa_fw-la sunt_fw-la adversati_fw-la potentiorique_n manu_fw-la atque_fw-la victrici_fw-la more_fw-it cupidorum_fw-la vel_fw-la potius_fw-la arundinis_fw-la exagitatae_fw-la ventorum_fw-la turbine_fw-la quantocius_fw-la inclinaverunt_fw-la such_o be_v the_o pope_n &_o clergy_n temper_v then_o aâ—…s_fw-la duke_n william_n be_v certain_o inform_v that_o harold_n contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n and_o promise_n to_o he_o have_v without_o right_n or_o title_n invade_v the_o crown_n and_o be_v secret_o invite_v by_o some_o of_o the_o english_a noble_n to_o challenge_v his_o own_o right_a thereunto_o by_o king_n edward_n designation_n send_v messenger_n to_o harold_n who_o mild_o reprehend_v he_o for_o his_o breach_n of_o covenant_n add_v by_o way_n of_o menace_n that_o he_o will_v before_o the_o year_n expit_v exact_v his_o due_n from_o he_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n in_o case_n he_o refuse_v voluntary_o to_o yield_v up_o the_o kingdom_n to_o he_o but_o harold_n grow_v secure_a contemn_v his_o threat_n as_o never_o likely_a to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n both_o because_o the_o duke_n daughter_n to_o who_o he_o be_v espouse_v be_v dead_a and_o himself_o involve_v in_o war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n prince_n return_v his_o messenger_n to_o he_o with_o this_o answer_n 435._o harold_n king_n of_o england_n send_v you_o this_o answer_n that_o true_a it_o be_v when_o he_o espouse_v your_o daughter_n in_o normandy_n be_v compel_v by_o necessity_n he_o swear_v that_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n shall_v belong_v to_o thou_o but_o against_o this_o he_o assert_n that_o a_o force_a oath_n be_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v for_o if_o a_o vow_n or_o oath_n which_o a_o virgin_n have_v know_o make_v concern_v her_o body_n in_o the_o house_n of_o her_o father_n without_o her_o parent_n consent_v be_v revocable_a and_o void_a much_o more_o the_o oath_n which_o he_o be_v under_o the_o sceptre_n of_o the_o king_n have_v make_v without_o his_o knowledge_n by_o compulsion_n aught_o to_o be_v nnll_v and_o make_v void_a as_o he_o assert_v moreover_o he_o affirm_v nimis_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la 10._o fuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la consensu_fw-la regni_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la vobis_fw-la juraverat_fw-la alienandam_fw-la addidit_fw-la etiam_fw-la injustum_fw-la esse_fw-la peâ—ere_fw-la ut_fw-la e_fw-la regno_fw-la discedat_fw-la quod_fw-la tanto_fw-la principum_fw-la favore_fw-la susceperat_fw-la gubernandum_fw-la that_o it_o be_v overmuch_o presumption_n in_o he_o that_o without_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n he_o have_v swear_v the_o inheritance_n thereof_o shall_v be_v alienate_v to_o he_o that_o king_n edward_n be_v then_o live_v he_o can_v neither_o give_v away_o the_o kingdom_n succession_n to_o he_o nor_o grant_v it_o to_o any_o other_o without_o his_o consent_n et_fw-la sine_fw-la popull_a consensu_fw-la senatus_n decreto_fw-la et_fw-la nesciente_fw-la omni_fw-la anglia_fw-it de_fw-fr toto_fw-la regno_fw-la necessitate_v temporis_fw-la coactus_fw-la impegerit_fw-la and_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o parliament_n he_o can_v not_o promise_v to_o he_o the_o whole_a realmof_n england_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o england_n be_v compel_v thereto_o only_o by_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o time_n add_v moreover_o that_o it_o be_v unjust_a to_o demand_v that_o he_o shall_v depart_v from_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o have_v undertake_v to_o govern_v with_o so_o great_a favour_n of_o the_o noble_n 5._o eadmerus_n 481_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la and_o some_o other_o record_v this_o to_o be_v his_o answer_n then_o return_v to_o 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that_o our_o kingdom_n be_v now_o bring_v to_o a_o settle_a estate_n and_o with_o such_o love_n and_o like_n of_o the_o english_a as_o that_o they_o will_v never_o admit_v any_o more_o a_o stranger_n to_o rule_v over_o they_o that_o the_o duke_n himself_o well_o know_v that_o the_o oath_n he_o make_v he_o be_v only_o for_o fear_n of_o death_n or_o imprisonment_n and_o that_o a_o oath_n so_o extort_a in_o time_n oâ—_n extremity_n can_v bind_v the_o maker_n in_o conscience_n to_o perform_v it_o for_o that_o be_v to_o join_v one_o sin_n with_o another_o with_o which_o and_o the_o like_a speech_n he_o shift_v off_o the_o duke_n ambassador_n without_o any_o princely_a entertainment_n or_o
jesus_n christ_n and_o abolish_v pagan_a idolatry_n in_o their_o dominion_n and_o of_o late_a time_n as_o our_o english_a realm_n bring_v forth_o 〈…〉_z king_n henry_n the_o 8_o the_o first_o christian_a king_n in_o the_o world_n who_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n abolish_v the_o pope_n usurp_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n out_o of_o his_o dominion_n king_n edward_n the_o six_o his_o son_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n and_o queen_n elizabeth_z the_o first_o christian_a queen_n we_o read_v of_o in_o the_o world_n who_o total_o abolish_v suppress_v popery_n banish_v it_o their_o kingdom_n and_o establish_v the_o public_a profession_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n by_o public_a statute_n make_v in_o their_o parliament_n so_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o saxon_a king_n after_o they_o turn_v christian_n this_o realm_n of_o england_n procreate_v 〈…〉_z more_o devout_a holy_a pious_a just_a and_o righteous_a king_n eminent_a for_o their_o piety_n justice_n excellent_a ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a law_n transcendent_a bounty_n to_o the_o church_n clergy_n and_o martyrdom_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o religion_n and_o their_o country_n against_o pagan_a invader_n than_o any_o one_o kingdom_n throughout_o the_o world_n there_o be_v 〈…〉_z no_o less_o than_o 15_o or_o 16_o of_o our_o saxon_a king_n and_o 13_o queen_n within_o 200_o year_n space_n who_o out_o of_o piety_n devotion_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n according_a to_o the_o piety_n of_o that_o age_n out_o of_o date_n in_o this_o voluntary_o renounce_v their_o earthly_a crown_n and_o kingdom_n and_o become_v profess_a monk_n nun_n to_o obtain_v a_o incorruptible_a crown_n and_o kingdom_n in_o heaven_n &_o 12_o king_n crown_v with_o martyrdom_n be_v slay_v by_o pagan_a invader_n 10_o of_o they_o be_v canonize_v for_o transcendent_a saint_n and_o enroll_v for_o such_o in_o all_o martyrology_n liturgy_n of_o the_o church_n which_o i_o doubt_v few_o of_o our_o new_a republican_n saint_n will_v be_v yea_o the_o piety_n of_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n be_v general_o â—o_o surpass_v ut_fw-la mirum_fw-la tunc_fw-la fuerat_fw-la regem_fw-la non_fw-la sanctum_fw-la videre_fw-la as_o chroicle_n john_n capgrave_n inform_v we_o whence_o wernerus_n a_o foreign_a chronologer_n in_o his_o fasciculus_fw-la temporum_fw-la record_n plures_fw-la se_fw-la invenisse_fw-la sanctos_fw-la reges_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it quam_fw-la in_o alia_fw-la mundi_fw-la provincia_n quantumcunque_fw-la populosa_fw-la and_o 371._o abbot_n ailred_n long_o before_o he_o give_v this_o memorable_a testimony_n of_o the_o sanctity_n martyrdom_n justice_n and_o study_n of_o the_o people_n public_a weal_n before_o the_o private_a shine_v forth_o in_o our_o saxon_a king_n more_o than_o in_o any_o other_o king_n throughout_o the_o world_n verum_fw-la prae_fw-la cunctis_fw-la civitatibus_fw-la regnisve_fw-la terrarum_fw-la de_fw-la sanctitate_fw-la regum_fw-la suorum_fw-la anglia_fw-it gloriatur_fw-la quorum_fw-la alii_fw-la coronati_fw-la martyrio_fw-la de_fw-la terreno_fw-la ad_fw-la caeleste_fw-la regnum_fw-la migraverunt_fw-la alii_fw-la exilium_fw-la patriae_fw-la praeferentes_fw-la mori_fw-la pro_fw-la christo_fw-la peregre_n deligerunt_fw-la nonnulli_fw-la posito_fw-la diademate_n disciplicinis_fw-la se_fw-la monasticis_fw-la subdederunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la in_o justitia_fw-la â—t_a sanctitate_fw-la regnantes_fw-la prodesse_fw-la subditis_fw-la quam_fw-la praeesse_fw-la maluerunt_fw-la who_o footstep_n i_o wish_v the_o pretend_v self-denying_a antimonarchical_a domineer_a saint_n over_o we_o will_v now_o imitate_v inter_fw-la quos_fw-la istud_fw-la sydus_fw-la eximium_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la emicuit_fw-la quem_fw-la cernimus_fw-la &_o in_fw-la divitiis_fw-la egenum_fw-la &_o in_o deliciis_fw-la sobrium_fw-la in_fw-la purpura_fw-la humilem_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la corona_fw-la aurea_fw-la seculi_fw-la contemptorem_fw-la so_o as_o the_o prophecy_n of_o psal_n 72_o 2_o 6._o isaiah_n 42_o 4_o 10_o 12._o c._n 49._o 1_o 23._o c._n 51_o 5._o c._n 60_o 9_o 10_o 11._o c._n 66._o 19_o seem_v to_o be_v principal_o intend_v and_o verify_v of_o our_o king_n &_o isle_n above_o alâ—others_n in_o the_o world_n no_o wonder_n then_o that_o these_o age_n of_o they_o affordus_fw-la notwithstanding_o all_o the_o war_n tumult_n combustion_n therein_o sundry_a memorable_a precedent_n of_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n synod_n civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a excellent_a law_n and_o canon_n make_v in_o &_o royal_a charter_n confirm_v by_o they_o with_o divers_a memorable_a monument_n both_o of_o our_o parliamentary_a council_n king_n prince_n nobles_z people_n constant_a care_n diligence_n prudence_n fortitude_n in_o defend_v preserve_v vindicate_a and_o perpetuate_n to_o posterity_n the_o good_a old_a law_n liberty_n franchise_n right_n custom_n government_n public_a justice_n and_o propriety_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o suppress_v abolish_v all_o ill_a law_n tyrannical_a unjust_a proceed_n oppression_n exaction_n impost_n grievance_n tax_n repugnant_a thereunto_o &_o to_o advance_v religion_n piety_n learning_n the_o free_a course_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o people_n welfare_n which_o i_o have_v here_o in_o a_o chronological_a method_n for_o the_o most_o part_n faithful_o collect_v out_o of_o our_o ancient_a best_a historian_n and_o antiquary_n of_o all_o sort_n where_o they_o lie_v confuse_v scatter_a and_o many_o of_o they_o be_v almost_o quite_o bury_v in_o oblivion_n and_o so_o far_o forget_v that_o they_o be_v never_o so_o much_o as_o once_o remember_v or_o infisted_a on_o either_o in_o our_o late_a parliament_n and_o great_a court_n of_o justice_n in_o any_o late_a public_a argument_n or_o debate_n touch_v the_o violation_n or_o preservation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n liberty_n property_n right_n franchise_n of_o the_o nation_n now_o almost_o quite_o forget_v and_o trample_v under_o foot_n after_o all_o our_o late_a contest_v for_o their_o defence_n i_o have_v throughout_o these_o collection_n strict_o confine_v myself_o to_o the_o very_a word_n and_o expression_n of_o those_o historian_n i_o cite_v couple_v their_o relation_n together_o where_o they_o accord_n in_o one_o cite_v they_o several_o where_o they_o vary_v and_o can_v not_o apt_o be_v conjoin_v transcribe_v their_o most_o pertinent_a passage_n in_o the_o language_n they_o pen_v they_o omit_v by_o our_o vulgar_a english_a chronologer_n and_o annex_v some_o brief_a observation_n to_o they_o for_o explanation_n or_o information_n where_o there_o be_v occasion_n the_o whole_a undertake_n i_o here_o humble_o submit_v to_o the_o favourable_a acceptation_n and_o censure_n of_o every_o judicious_a reader_n who_o if_o upon_o his_o perusal_n thereof_o shall_v esteem_v it_o worthy_a of_o such_o a_o encomium_n as_o 1757._o william_n thorn_n a_o monk_n of_o canterbury_n have_v by_o way_n of_o prologue_n prefix_a to_o his_o own_o chronicle_n valens_n labour_n &_o laud_fw-la dignus_fw-la per_fw-la quem_fw-la ignota_fw-la noscuntur_fw-la occulta_fw-la ad_fw-la noticiam_fw-la patescunt_fw-la praeterita_fw-la in_o lucem_fw-la praesentia_fw-la in_o experientiam_fw-la &_o futura_fw-la temporibus_fw-la non_fw-la omittantur_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la labilis_fw-la est_fw-la humana_fw-la memoria_fw-la necesse_fw-la constat_fw-la scriptis_fw-la inseri_fw-la memorandum_fw-la ne_fw-la humanae_fw-la fragilitatis_fw-la contingens_fw-la oblivio_fw-la fieret_fw-la posteris_fw-la inopinata_fw-la confusio_fw-la it_o will_v somewhat_o encourage_v i_o to_o proceed_v from_o these_o remote_a obscure_a time_n to_o age_n next_o ensue_v in_o the_o like_a or_o some_o other_o chronological_a method_n but_o if_o any_o cut_n of_o disaffection_n to_o the_o work_n or_o diversity_n from_o i_o in_o opinion_n shall_v deem_v these_o collection_n useless_a or_o supersluous_a i_o hope_v they_o will_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o make_v the_o selfsame_a apology_n for_o myself_o and_o they_o as_o our_o most_o judidious_a historian_n to_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n 174._o long_o since_o make_v for_o himself_o and_o his_o historical_a collection_n et_fw-la quidem_fw-la erunt_fw-la multi_fw-la fortassis_fw-la in_o diversis_fw-la regionibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la qui_fw-la quaedam_fw-la aliter_fw-la ac_fw-la ego_fw-la dixi_fw-la se_fw-la dicant_fw-la audisse_fw-la vel_fw-la legisse_fw-la veruntamen_fw-la si_fw-la recto_fw-la aguntur_fw-la judicio_fw-la non_fw-la ideo_fw-la i_o censorio_fw-la expungent_a stilo_fw-it ego_fw-la enim_fw-la veram_fw-la legem_fw-la secutus_fw-la historiae_fw-la nihil_fw-la unquam_fw-la posui_fw-la nisi_fw-la quod_fw-la à _fw-la si_fw-la delibus_fw-la relatoribus_fw-la vel_fw-la scriptoribus_fw-la addidici-porro_a quoquo_fw-la modo_fw-la haec_fw-la se_fw-la habeant_fw-la privatim_fw-la ipse_fw-la mihi_fw-la sub_fw-la open_a christi_fw-la gratulor_fw-la quod_fw-la continuam_fw-la anglorum_fw-la historiam_fw-la ordinaveram_fw-la vel_fw-la solus_fw-la vel_fw-la primus_fw-la at_o least_o wise_a in_o this_o kind_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la igitur_fw-la post_fw-la i_o scribendi_fw-la de_fw-la talibus_fw-la munus_fw-la attentaverit_fw-la mihi_fw-la debeat_fw-la collectionis_fw-la gratiam_fw-la sibi_fw-la habeat_fw-la electionis_fw-la materiam_fw-la quod_fw-la superest_fw-la munus_fw-la meum_fw-la dignanter_fw-la suscipite_fw-la ut_fw-la gaudeam_fw-la grato_fw-la cognitoris_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la erravi_fw-la eligendi_fw-la judicio_fw-la thus_o crave_v the_o benefit_n of_o thy_o prayer_n for_o god_n blessing_n on_o these_o my_o publication_n for_o the_o common_a liberty_n weal_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o nation_n i_o commend_v both_o they_o
destroy_v the_o altar_n &_o temple_n of_o the_o idol_n with_o the_o rail_n &_o and_o bound_n wherewith_o they_o be_v enclose_v he_o answer_v i_o who_o have_v worship_v they_o through_o foolishness_n and_o present_o renounce_v his_o superstition_n he_o demand_v arm_n and_o a_o horse_n of_o the_o king_n 156._o which_o by_o their_o old_a law_n priest_n may_v not_o use_v which_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o mount_v the_o horse_n with_o a_o sword_n and_o lance_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o ride_v to_o the_o idol_n thus_o arm_v the_o people_n deem_v he_o to_o be_v mad_a profane_v the_o temple_n and_o command_v his_o companion_n to_o destroy_v and_o burn_v it_o with_o the_o idol_n and_o all_o the_o hedge_n about_o it_o which_o they_o do_v whereupon_o the_o king_n with_o his_o noble_n and_o very_o many_o of_o the_o people_n embrace_v the_o christian_a religion_n and_o be_v baptize_v by_o paulinus_n in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o york_n which_o the_o king_n there_o speedy_o command_v to_o be_v build_v of_o wood_n and_o afterward_o enlarge_v ordain_v paulinus_n bishop_n of_o that_o place_n who_o convert_v baptize_v he_o and_o his_o people_n as_o beda_n and_o other_o more_o large_o record_v the_o history_n from_o which_o memorable_a precedent_n we_o may_v observe_v these_o particular_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n himself_o can_v not_o then_o alter_v the_o establish_a law_n or_o receive_a religion_n of_o this_o realm_n though_o false_a nor_o introduce_v new_a law_n or_o set_v up_o the_o true_a religion_n without_o the_o concurrent_a assent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n in_o a_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n 2._o that_o the_o prince_n chief_a priest_n nobles_z and_o aelderman_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o parliament_n member_n in_o that_o age._n 3._o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o these_o council_n have_v freedom_n of_o vote_n and_o debate_n and_o give_v their_o voice_n several_o for_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o christianity_n and_o destruction_n of_o idolatry_n 157._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n give_v this_o character_n of_o this_o king_n government_n after_o he_o become_v a_o christian_n and_o of_o the_o vicissitude_n of_o humane_a affair_n worthy_a our_o present_a observation_n he_o be_v sudden_o slay_v in_o battle_n together_o with_o his_o son_n after_o all_o his_o former_a conquest_n and_o felicity_n nullus_fw-la tunc_fw-la praedo_fw-la publicus_n nullus_fw-la latro_fw-la domesticus_fw-la insidiator_n conjugalis_fw-la pudoris_fw-la procul_fw-la expilator_fw-la alienae_n haereditatis_fw-la exul_fw-la magnum_fw-la id_fw-la in_o ejus_fw-la laudibus_fw-la 4._o &_o nostrâ_fw-la aetate_fw-la splendidum_fw-la itaque_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la ad_fw-la eos_fw-la limit_n incrementa_fw-la perducta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ut_fw-la justitia_fw-la &_o pax_fw-la libentèr_n in_o mutuos_fw-la amplexus_fw-la concurrerent_fw-la osculorum_fw-la gratiam_fw-la grata_fw-la vicissitudine_fw-la libantes_fw-la &_o faeliciter_fw-la tunc_fw-la anglorum_fw-la respublica_fw-la procedere_fw-la potuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la mors_fw-la immatura_fw-la temporalis_fw-la beatitudinis_fw-la noverca_fw-la turpi_fw-la fortunae_fw-la ludo_fw-la virum_fw-la abstulisâ—et_fw-la patriae_fw-la aetatis_fw-la enim_fw-la 48._o regni_fw-la 17._o rebellantibus_fw-la regulis_fw-la quos_fw-la sub_fw-la jugum_fw-la miferat_fw-la ceadwalla_n britonum_fw-la &_o penda_fw-la merciorum_fw-la cum_fw-la filio_fw-la interemptus_fw-la miserabile_fw-la varietatis_fw-la humanae_fw-la fuit_fw-la exemplum_fw-la nulli_fw-la prudentiâ_fw-la inferior_a qui_fw-la nè_fw-la christianam_fw-la fidem_fw-la nisi_fw-la diligentissimè_fw-la inspectat_fw-la â_fw-la ratione_fw-la voluit_fw-la suscipere_fw-la susceptaeque_fw-la nihil_fw-la existimare_fw-la comparabile_fw-la anno_fw-la 673_o 6._o theodor_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 673._o hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o hertford_n presentibus_fw-la episcopis_fw-la angliae_fw-la ac_fw-la regibus_fw-la &_o magnatibus_fw-la universis_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o england_n and_o king_n to_o wit_n king_n lotharius_n and_o easwine_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v present_a at_o it_o in_o this_o council_n they_o make_v ten_o canon_n or_o law_n which_o they_o all_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v with_o their_o hand_n the_o seven_o whereof_o be_v that_o a_o synod_n or_o parliamentary_a assembly_n shall_v be_v assemble_v twice_o or_o because_o divers_a cause_n hinder_v placuit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o commune_v they_o all_o agree_v in_o common_a that_o in_o the_o calends_o of_o august_n in_o a_o place_n call_v cloveshoon_n a_o synod_n shall_v be_v congregat_v at_o least_o once_o every_o year_n the_o rest_n of_o they_o you_o may_v peruse_v in_o the_o marginal_a author_n at_o leisure_n be_v mere_o ecclesiastical_a and_o not_o so_o pertinent_a to_o my_o discourse_n 2207._o ceadwalla_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n in_o the_o year_n 680._o of_o our_o lord_n 680._o grant_v to_o bishop_n wilfrid_n certain_a land_n with_o their_o appurtenance_n call_v pagaliam_fw-la cum_fw-la consensu_fw-la &_o devotâ_fw-la confirmatione_fw-la omnium_fw-la optimatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la with_o the_o consent_n and_o devout_a confirmation_n of_o all_o his_o noble_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n 10._o the_o grant_n of_o his_o crown_n land_n to_o he_o be_v not_o valid_a to_o bind_v his_o successor_n without_o his_o noble_n concurrent_a confirmation_n 269._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n write_v of_o he_o that_o though_o before_o his_o conversion_n unto_o christianity_n he_o addict_v himself_o to_o war_n and_o to_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v his_o neighbour_a king_n yet_o he_o conscientious_o dedicate_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o his_o spoil_n to_o god_n inter_fw-la haec_fw-la arduum_fw-la memoratâ—_fw-la est_fw-la quantum_fw-la etiam_fw-la ante_fw-la baptismum_fw-la inservierit_fw-la pietati_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la manubias_fw-la quas_fw-la jure_fw-la praedatorio_n in_o suos_fw-la usus_fw-la transcripserat_fw-la deo_fw-la decimaret_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la etsi_fw-la approbamus_fw-la affectum_fw-la improbamus_fw-la exemplum_fw-la juxta_fw-la illud_fw-la qui_fw-la offer_v sacrificium_fw-la de_fw-la substantia_fw-la pauperis_fw-la quasi_fw-la qui_fw-la immolat_a silium_fw-la in_o conspectu_fw-la patris_fw-la if_o all_o the_o plunder_v war_a saint_n of_o this_o age_n will_v imitate_v his_o example_n in_o give_v the_o ten_o of_o all_o their_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n to_o god_n &_o his_o minister_n instead_o of_o spoil_v they_o of_o their_o tithe_n and_o ancient_a church-revenue_n man_n will_v deem_v they_o as_o good_a saint_n as_o this_o plunder_v conquer_a saxon_n king_n of_o who_o it_o be_v likewise_o story_a that_o 227._o before_o he_o turn_v christian_a intend_v to_o invade_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o kingdom_n he_o vow_v to_o give_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o prey_n to_o christ_n if_o he_o shall_v vanquish_v it_o whereupon_o he_o conquer_a the_o isle_n slay_v the_o native_n in_o it_o be_v pagan_n with_o a_o tragical_a slaughter_n and_o in_o performance_n of_o his_o vow_n give_v to_o bishop_n wilfrid_n and_o his_o clerk_n for_o their_o maintenance_n and_o encouragement_n the_o possession_n of_o 300_o i-hides_a of_o land_n be_v the_o four_o part_n thereof_o when_o our_o new_a conqueror_n shall_v be_v so_o bountiful_a in_o bestow_v the_o four_o or_o but_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o all_o the_o pretend_a conquer_a land_n they_o have_v get_v on_o christ_n church_n and_o minister_n instead_o of_o invade_v and_o purchase_v the_o church_n ancient_a land_n glebe_n tithe_n and_o inheritance_n they_o may_v demerit_n the_o name_n and_o praise_n of_o saint_n as_o well_o as_o ceadwalla_n who_o before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o he_o be_v unjust_o banish_v from_o his_o country_n through_o the_o envy_n of_o other_o only_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o worthiness_n which_o first_o cause_v he_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o invade_v the_o south-saxons_a two_o of_o who_o king_n he_o slay_v successive_o in_o the_o field_n after_o which_o he_o twice_o invade_v and_o afflict_a kent_n with_o grievous_a war_n take_v advantage_n of_o their_o civil_a discord_n wherein_o he_o shed_v abundance_n of_o christian_a blood_n so_o when_o he_o have_v reign_v but_o two_o year_n space_n after_o all_o his_o victory_n out_o of_o mere_a devotion_n he_o voluntary_o leave_v his_o crown_n kingdom_n conquest_n and_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v baptize_v to_o bewail_v and_o expiate_v the_o guilt_n of_o all_o his_o former_a war_n bloodshed_n plunder_n rapine_n perplex_v his_o conscience_n and_o there_o die_v the_o first_o charter_n and_o grant_v i_o find_v extant_a of_o any_o land_n give_v to_o the_o church_n after_o those_o of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o 616._o kent_n forecited_a be_v that_o of_o 10._o king_n eadbaldus_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n anno_fw-la dom._n 616_o who_o be_v by_o god_n mercy_n through_o the_o admonition_n of_o archbishop_n laurence_n convert_v from_o the_o pravity_n of_o his_o life_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n and_o hope_v of_o a_o future_a reward_n give_v to_o christ-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o to_o the_o family_n serve_v god_n in_o that_o church_n his_o land_n call_v edesham_n with_o the_o field_n wood_n pasture_n and_o all_o thing_n thereunto_o of_o right_o appertain_v free_a from_o all_o secular_a
present_a wherein_o donationes_fw-la omnes_fw-la confirmatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la all_o these_o their_o donation_n and_o charter_n be_v confirm_v and_o likewise_o in_o another_o synod_n at_o london_n an._n 712._o a_o most_o pregnant_a evidence_n that_o these_o king_n charter_n and_o donation_n though_o ratify_v by_o the_o pope_n himself_o be_v not_o valid_a nor_o obligatory_a to_o their_o successor_n or_o people_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n to_o and_o confirmation_n of_o they_o in_o a_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o the_o prelate_n noble_n clergy_n and_o laity_n even_o by_o the_o pope_n and_o these_o king_n own_o confession_n and_o practice_n in_o that_o age_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 716._o 852._o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercian_n by_o his_o charter_n give_v to_o god_n the_o bless_a 716._o virgin_n saint_n bartholomew_n &_o kenulphus_n the_o whole_a isle_n of_o croyland_n to_o build_v a_o monastery_n and_o confirm_v it_o to_o they_o for_o ever_o free_a from_o all_o rent_n and_o secular_a service_n &_o inde_fw-la chartam_fw-la svam_fw-la in_o praesentia_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la 10._o procerumque_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la securam_fw-la statuit_fw-la all_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n assent_v to_o and_o ratify_v this_o charter_n of_o he_o both_o with_o the_o subscription_n of_o their_o name_n and_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v firm_a and_o irrevocable_a be_v his_o demesne_fw-la land_n which_o charter_n be_v at_o large_a record_v in_o the_o history_n of_o ingulphus_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 720._o 586._o some_o fabulous_o â—20_n write_v that_o king_n ina_n take_v guala_n daughter_n of_o cadwallader_n last_o king_n of_o the_o briton_n to_o wife_n with_o who_o he_o receive_v wales_n and_o cornwall_n and_o the_o bless_a crown_n of_o britain_n whereupon_o all_o the_o english_a that_o then_o be_v take_v they_o wife_n of_o the_o briton_n race_n and_o all_o the_o briton_n take_v they_o wife_n of_o the_o illustrious_a blood_n of_o the_o english_a and_o saxon_n which_o be_v do_v per_n common_a concilium_fw-la 6._o et_fw-la assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la principum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la et_fw-la populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la aâ—…_n general_n parliamentary_a council_n et_fw-la per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la whereby_o they_o become_v one_o nation_n and_o people_n afâ—er_o which_o they_o all_o call_v that_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o before_o be_v call_v the_o realm_n of_o britain_n and_o they_o all_o ever_o after_o stand_v together_o unite_v in_o one_o for_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o with_o â—…nimous_a consent_n most_o fierce_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o norwegian_n and_o wage_v most_o cruel_a war_n with_o they_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o country_n land_n and_o liberty_n an._n 705._o king_n angl._n ina_n by_o his_o royal_a charter_n grant_v 725._o and_o confirm_v many_o land_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glastonbury_n endow_v that_o abbey_n and_o the_o land_n thereto_o belong_v with_o many_o large_a and_o great_a privilege_n exempt_n they_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n and_o from_o all_o regal_a exaction_n and_o service_n which_o be_v accustom_v to_o be_v except_v and_o reserve_v to_o wit_n from_o expedition_n and_o building_n and_o repair_v of_o castle_n or_o bridge_n from_o which_o they_o shall_v inviolable_o remain_v free_a and_o exempt_v and_o from_o all_o 10._o the_o promulgation_n and_o perturbation_n of_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n which_o privilege_n be_v former_o grant_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o ancient_a charter_n of_o his_o predecessor_n kâ—…s_n kâ—…n_n â—…alla_fw-la and_o baldred_n this_o charter_n of_o his_o be_v make_v and_o ratify_v by_o the_o consent_n and_o subscription_n not_o only_o of_o king_n ina_n himself_o but_o also_o of_o queen_n edelburâ—a_n king_n baldrâ—d_n adelard_n the_o queen_n brother_n consentientibus_fw-la etiam_fw-la omnibus_fw-la britanniae_fw-la regibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ducibus_fw-la atque_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la all_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n duke_n and_o abbot_n of_o britain_n consent_v likewise_o thereunto_o many_o of_o which_o subscribe_v their_o name_n unto_o it_o be_v assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n for_o that_o end_n king_n 765._o ina_n in_o the_o year_n 727._o travel_v to_o rome_n 727._o build_v there_o a_o school_n for_o the_o english_a to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o faith_n grant_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o english_a scholar_n there_o a_o penny_n out_o of_o every_o house_n within_o â—his_fw-la realm_n call_v romescot_n or_o peter_n penny_n to_o be_v pay_v towards_o 6._o it_o every_o year_n all_o which_o thing_n and_o tax_n that_o they_o may_v continue_v firm_a for_o perpetuity_n stat_n 〈◊〉_d esâ—generaâ—â—_n decreâ—o_o etc._n etc._n be_v confirm_v by_o a_o general_a decree_n of_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o his_o realm_n then_o hold_v for_o that_o purpose_n of_o which_o 742._o before_o more_o large_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 742._o there_o be_v 21._o a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n or_o clysfe_n where_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n sit_v precedent_n with_o cuthbert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n sit_v together_o with_o they_o diligent_o examine_v thing_n necessary_a concern_v religion_n and_o studious_o search_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a creed_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n how_o thing_n be_v order_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o equity_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o church_n birth_n in_o england_n while_o they_o be_v inquire_v after_o these_o thing_n and_o the_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o the_o church_n at_o last_o there_o come_v to_o their_o hand_n the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n which_o king_n wither_a have_v grant_v to_o the_o church_n in_o kent_n which_o be_v read_v 10_o before_o all_o by_o king_n ethelbalds_n command_n they_o be_v all_o very_a well_o please_v therewith_o and_o say_v unanimous_o that_o there_o can_v not_o be_v find_v any_o so_o noble_a and_o so_o prudent_a a_o decree_n as_o this_o former_o make_v touch_v ecclesiastical_a discipline_n and_o therefore_o hoc_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la firmari_fw-la sanxerunt_fw-la decree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v confirm_v by_o they_o all_o whereupon_o king_n ethelbald_n for_o the_o salvation_n of_o his_o soul_n and_o stability_n of_o his_o kingdom_n confirm_v and_o subscribe_v with_o his_o own_o munificent_a hand_n that_o the_o liberty_n honour_n authority_n and_o security_n of_o christ_n church_n in_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v deny_v by_o no_o person_n but_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n with_o all_o the_o land_n pertain_v thereunto_o except_o expedition_n and_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n and_o like_v as_o the_o say_a king_n wither_a himself_n ordain_v those_o privilege_n shall_v be_v observe_v by_o he_o and_o he_o so_o he_o and_o this_o council_n command_v they_o shall_v continue_v irrefragable_o and_o immutable_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o if_o any_o of_o our_o successor_n king_n bishop_n or_o prince_n shall_v attempt_v to_o infringe_v this_o wholesome_a decree_n let_v he_o render_v a_o account_n to_o almighty_a god_n in_o that_o terrible_a day_n but_o if_o any_o earl_n priests_z clerk_z deacon_n or_o monk_n shall_v resist_v this_o decree_n let_v he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o degree_n and_o sequester_v from_o the_o participation_n of_o the_o body_n &_o blood_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o alienate_v from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n unless_o he_o shall_v amend_v with_o due_a satisfaction_n what_o he_o have_v unjust_o do_v through_o the_o evil_a of_o pride_n 197._o anno_fw-la 747._o there_o be_v another_o parliamentary_a 747._o council_n hold_v at_o clovesho_n or_o clyffe_n under_o king_n ethelbald_n where_o the_o king_n himself_o with_o cuthbeâ—t_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n eleven_o other_o bishop_n cum_fw-la principibus_fw-la et_fw-la ducibus_fw-la with_o the_o prince_n and_o duke_n be_v present_a in_o this_o council_n be_v some_o ecclesiastical_a law_n and_o canon_n make_v the_o last_o whereof_o be_v for_o prayer_n to_o be_v public_o make_v for_o king_n and_o prince_n incessant_o that_o the_o people_n may_v live_v a_o godly_a and_o peaceable_a life_n under_o their_o pious_a protection_n in_o this_o council_n king_n ethelbald_n renew_v and_o enlarge_v his_o former_a grant_n of_o privilege_n to_o the_o church_n recite_v at_o large_a in_o the_o marginal_a author_n the_o 12_o sum_n whereof_o be_v this_o plerumque_fw-la contingere_fw-la solet_fw-la pro_fw-la incertâ_fw-la futurotum_fw-la temporum_fw-la vicissitudine_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la multorum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la personarum_fw-la testimonio_fw-la consilioque_fw-la roborata_fw-la fuissent_fw-la ut_fw-la fraudulenter_n per_fw-la contumaciam_fw-la plurimorum_fw-la &_o machinament_n be_v simulationis_fw-la sine_fw-la ullâ_fw-la consideratione_n rationis_fw-la periculose_a dissipata_fw-la essent_fw-la nisi_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la literarum_n &_o
realm_n and_o soon_o after_o slay_v by_o offa_n and_o so_o dignum_fw-la finem_fw-la insidiarum_fw-la tulit_fw-la be_v author_n necis_fw-la of_o his_o sovereign_n king_n ethelbald_n asuis_fw-la tutoribus_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la interfectus_fw-la as_o our_o historian_n observe_v a_o good_a memento_n for_o other_o traitor_n and_o usurper_n tread_v in_o his_o footstep_n qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la tyrannus_n invasit_fw-la &_o per_fw-la modicum_fw-la tempus_fw-la in_o parva_fw-la laetitiâ_fw-la &_o jocunditate_fw-la tenens_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la vitâ_fw-la perdidit_fw-la as_o wigorniensis_n write_v of_o he_o 5._o the_o 315._o english_a complain_v to_o king_n offa_n in_o the_o 775._o year_n 775._o of_o the_o great_a exaction_n in_o foreign_a part_n under_o charles_n the_o emperor_n they_o be_v then_o at_o variance_n so_o as_o their_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n be_v every_o where_o prohibit_v in_o both_o their_o realm_n thereupon_o king_n offa_n by_o gift_n send_v to_o the_o emperor_n obtain_v this_o grant_n and_o privilege_n from_o he_o for_o his_o subject_n that_o all_o pilgrim_n pass_v through_o his_o dominion_n to_o rome_n for_o piety_n and_o devotion_n sake_n alone_o shall_v have_v free_a and_o peaceable_a passage_n without_o any_o 4._o molestation_n or_o tribute_n that_o all_o merchant_n and_o other_o in_o the_o company_n of_o pilgrim_n pass_v only_o for_o gain_v not_o devotion_n shall_v pay_v only_o a_o certain_a establish_a tribute_n in_o fit_a place_n that_o all_o english_a merchant_n and_o trader_n shall_v have_v lawful_a protection_n by_o his_o command_n within_o his_o realm_n and_o if_o in_o any_o place_n they_o be_v vex_v with_o unjust_a oppression_n that_o upon_o complaint_n to_o he_o or_o his_o judge_n they_o shall_v have_v full_a justice_n do_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 780._o aethelred_n or_o adelred_n king_n of_o northumberland_n be_v depose_v by_o his_o subject_n after_o he_o 781_o 17._o have_v feign_v 3_o year_n and_o quite_o drive_v out_o of_o his_o realm_n by_o his_o noble_n who_o the_o next_o year_n after_o assault_v and_o burn_v a_o certain_a consul_n or_o earl_n be_v their_o justice_n in_o his_o own_o house_n plus_fw-la aequo_fw-la saevientem_fw-la for_o tyrannize_v beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o law_n and_o right_n i_o shall_v not_o insist_v upon_o the_o manifold_a insurrection_n of_o these_o northumberlander_n against_o their_o king_n nor_o their_o disloyal_a deposition_n expulsion_n murder_n of_o most_o of_o they_o upon_o pretend_a oppression_n and_o exorbitancy_n in_o government_n rather_o than_o â—eal_v nor_o on_o the_o strange_a general_a bloody_a 4._o frequent_a depredation_n war_n devastation_n plague_n judgement_n invasion_n by_o dane_n norman_n scot_n and_o other_o inflict_v just_o on_o they_o for_o the_o same_o by_o divine_a justice_n more_o than_o on_o all_o other_o part_n of_o this_o island_n since_o i_o have_v touch_v some_o of_o they_o 64._o before_o and_o shall_v glance_v at_o more_o of_o they_o hereafter_o all_o which_o the_o studious_a may_v read_v at_o leisure_n in_o maslmesbury_n huntindon_n hoveden_n aethelwendus_n matthew_n westminsteâ—_n bromton_n florentius_n wagorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la polychronicon_n holinsh_v speed_v and_o other_o only_a i_o shall_v give_v you_o the_o sum_n of_o they_o about_o this_o age_n in_o the_o word_n of_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n and_o richardus_fw-la hagulstaldenâ—is_fw-la 452_o crudelis_fw-la exinde_fw-la barbarorum_fw-la manus_fw-la innulmeris_fw-la navibus_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la transvecta_fw-la omne_fw-la quaqua_fw-la versum_fw-la depopulans_fw-la northunhymbrorum_fw-la autem_fw-la provincias_fw-la atrocius_fw-la devastans_fw-la omnes_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la omne_fw-la monasteria_fw-la ferro_fw-la &_o incendio_fw-la delevit_fw-la adeò_fw-la ut_fw-la nullum_fw-la pene_fw-la christianitatis_fw-la signum_fw-la post_fw-la se_fw-la discedens_fw-la reliquerit_fw-la monachi_fw-la qui_fw-la loci_fw-la reverentia_fw-la confidentes_fw-la remanserunt_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la extracti_fw-la alii_fw-la in_o mare_fw-la sub_fw-la hostibus_fw-la submersi_fw-la alii_fw-la captivi_fw-la abducti_fw-la alii_fw-la detruncati_fw-la alii_fw-la aliis_fw-la tormentis_fw-la miserabiliter_fw-la affecti_fw-la omnes_fw-la simul_fw-la interiêrunt_fw-la et_fw-la indè_fw-la prosiliens_fw-la flammâ_fw-la et_fw-la ferro_fw-la in_fw-la exterminium_fw-la omne_fw-la duxit_fw-la etc._n etc._n after_o which_o sad_a successive_a devastation_n for_o sundry_a year_n by_o the_o dane_n they_o be_v so_o total_o depopulate_v and_o extirpate_v by_o famine_n sword_n and_o pestilence_n by_o the_o norman_n an._n 1069._o that_o the_o whole_a country_n be_v reduce_v into_o a_o desolate_a wilderness_n without_o a_o inhabitant_n and_o lay_v untilled_a for_o nine_o year_n space_n bestiarum_fw-la tantum_fw-la &_o latronum_fw-la latibula_fw-la be_v only_o den_n of_o beast_n and_o thief_n and_o how_o many_o time_n in_o have_v be_v waste_v depopulate_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n since_o this_o by_o the_o scot_n and_o what_o barbarous_a cruelty_n they_o have_v exercise_v therein_o you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o continuation_n of_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n by_o the_o prior_n of_o hagustald_v col_fw-fr 264._o in_o historia_n ricardi_n prioris_fw-la hagustaldensis_fw-la de_fw-la gestis_fw-la regis_fw-la stephani_fw-la &_o bello_fw-la standardi_fw-la col_fw-fr 315_o 316._o and_o other_o chronicle_n since_o that_o time_n the_o lord_n in_o mercy_n divert_v the_o like_a judgement_n from_o that_o northern_a part_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n now_o for_o the_o like_a transgression_n of_o a_o late_a date_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 787._o as_o most_o account_n 6._o pope_n 787._o adrian_n send_v legate_n into_o england_n to_o confirm_v the_o faith_n which_o augustine_n have_v preach_v who_o be_v honourable_o receive_v both_o by_o the_o king_n clergy_n and_o people_n thereupon_o hold_v a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n at_o calâ—huâ—_n chalchuthe_n or_o cealtide_n as_o henry_n huntindon_n style_v it_o in_o this_o council_n offa_n king_n of_o mercian_n and_o kenulphus_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n with_o all_o their_o ecclesiastical_a and_o secular_a prince_n noble_n elder_n bishop_n abbot_n be_v present_a who_o all_o subscribe_v and_o consent_v to_o the_o ecclesiaestical_a and_o temporal_a law_n and_o canon_n 6._o therein_o make_v and_o publish_v be_v 20_o in_o number_n the_o principle_n whereof_o relate_v to_o my_o theme_n i_o have_v former_o recite_v in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n king_n offa_n cause_v egfrid_n his_o elder_a son_n to_o be_v solemn_o crown_v king_n who_o from_o thenceforth_o reign_v with_o he_o and_o in_o it_o jambertus_n or_o lambert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n much_o against_o his_o will_n resign_v part_n of_o his_o archbishopric_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o litchfield_n by_o the_o command_n and_o power_n of_o king_n offa_n who_o envy_v the_o power_n and_o pride_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterb._n deprive_v he_o in_o this_o council_n notwithstanding_o all_o jamberts_n appeal_v to_o pope_n adrian_n of_o all_o land_n and_o jurisdiction_n within_o his_o realm_n of_o mercia_n erect_v a_o new_a archbishopric_a at_o litchfield_n to_o which_o he_o subject_v all_o the_o bishop_n of_o mercia_n be_v then_o six_o in_o number_n â—ill_v by_o another_o council_n they_o be_v reunite_v to_o canterbury_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o offa._n 297._o about_o the_o year_n 788._o there_o be_v some_o difference_n 788._o among_o historian_n in_o the_o year_n there_o be_v a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o ade_n and_o after_o that_o another_o council_n keep_v at_o wincenhale_n or_o pincanhale_n in_o northumberland_n now_o call_v finke_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conceive_v that_o these_o council_n be_v principal_o summon_v to_o prevent_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 787_o come_v into_o britain_n with_o 3_o ship_n to_o discover_v the_o coast_n and_o prey_n upon_o it_o slay_v king_n bricticus_fw-la his_o provost_n and_o after_o that_o many_o thousand_o thousand_o of_o the_o english_a at_o sundry_a time_n after_o this_o there_o be_v another_o parliamentary_a 9_o council_n or_o synod_n hold_v at_o aclea_n or_o aclith_a at_o which_o time_n duke_n sigga_n by_o wicked_a treason_n fly_v his_o sovereign_a alfwold_n king_n of_o northumberland_n and_o be_v not_o long_o afterward_o slay_v himself_o by_o the_o dane_n who_o miserable_o waste_v and_o destroy_v that_o rebellious_a kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o a_o condigu_n punishment_n for_o their_o treason_n rebellion_n and_o regicide_n of_o their_o king_n 3._o anno_fw-la 792._o there_o be_v a_o council_n hold_v at_o a_o place_n 792._o call_v fincale_n where_o the_o archbishop_n with_o his_o suffragan_n bishop_n and_o many_o other_o be_v present_a what_o the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v appear_v not_o only_o our_o historian_n relate_v that_o osred_a king_n of_o northumberland_n be_v this_o year_n chase_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o his_o rebellious_a subject_n when_o he_o have_v reign_v but_o one_o year_n and_o ethelred_n son_n of_o mollo_n substitute_v king_n in_o his_o place_n whereupon_o osred_n gather_v force_n together_o to_o expel_v ethelred_n which_o have_v expulse_v he_o out_o of_o his_o realm_n be_v in_o his_o march_n into_o it_o again_o take_v
the_o church_n of_o worcester_n this_o bishop_n with_o 50_o mass_n priest_n and_o 160_o other_o priest_n deacon_n monk_n and_o abbot_n who_o name_n be_v record_v in_o the_o manuscript_n swear_v that_o this_o lana_n and_o monastery_n be_v impropriate_v to_o his_o possession_n and_o church_n which_o oath_n with_o all_o these_o fellow_n swearer_n hewas_fw-mi order_v to_o take_v at_o westminster_n and_o do_v it_o according_o after_o 30_o night_n respite_n whereupon_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o decree_v by_o the_o archbishop_n &_o all_o the_o council_n consent_v with_o he_o that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o monastery_n land_n and_o book_n to_o he_o and_o his_o church_n and_o so_o that_o suit_n be_v end_v and_o this_o decree_n pronounce_v thereupon_o quapropter_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la hunc_fw-la agrum_fw-la ab_fw-la illâ_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la in_o ceastre_n nititur_fw-la eveâ—lere_fw-la contra_fw-la decreta_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la canonum_fw-la sciat_fw-la se_fw-la facere_fw-la quia_fw-la sancti_fw-la canon_n decernunt_fw-la quicquid_fw-la sancta_fw-la synodus_fw-la universalis_fw-la cum_fw-la catholico_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la svo_fw-la adjudicaverit_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la fractum_fw-la vel_fw-la irritum_fw-la esse_fw-la faciendum_fw-la haec_fw-la autem_fw-la gesta_fw-la sunt_fw-la he_o sunt_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o connrmatores_fw-la huius_fw-la rei_fw-la quorum_fw-la nomina_fw-la hic_fw-la infra_fw-la notantur_fw-la à _fw-la die_fw-la tertio_fw-la calend_n novembrium_fw-la ego_fw-la beornulf_n rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la hanc_fw-la chartulam_fw-la synodalis_fw-la decreti_fw-la signo_fw-la sanctae_fw-la christi_fw-la crucis_fw-la consirmavi_fw-la then_o follow_v the_o archbishop_n subscription_n and_o confirmation_n in_o like_a word_n with_o the_o subscription_n of_o sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n dake_n and_o noble_n be_v 32_o in_o number_n all_o ratify_v this_o decree_n an._n 833._o 339._o egbert_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n athelwulfe_n 833._o his_o son_n witlasius_fw-la king_n of_o mercian_n both_o the_o arcbbishop_n abbot_n cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la with_o the_o great_a noble_n of_o all_o england_n be_v all_o assemble_v together_o at_o london_n in_o a_o national_a parliamentaty_n council_n pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la capiendo_fw-la contra_fw-la â—0_n danicos_fw-la piratas_fw-la littora_fw-la angliae_fw-la assidne_fw-mi infestantes_fw-la to_o take_v counsel_n what_o to_o do_v against_o the_o danish_a pirate_n daily_o infest_v the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n in_o this_o council_n the_o charter_n of_o witlasius_fw-la king_n of_o mercian_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n where_o he_o be_v hide_v and_o secure_v from_o his_o enemy_n be_v make_v and_o ratify_v wherein_o he_o grant_v they_o many_o rich_a gift_n of_o plate_n gold_n silver_n land_n and_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o offender_n fly_v to_o it_o for_o shelter_n which_o grant_n can_v not_o be_v valid_a without_o a_o parliamentary_a confirmation_n for_o he_o be_v elect_a king_n omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o bernulf_n and_o ludican_n two_o invade_v tyrant_n cut_v off_o in_o a_o short_a time_n qui_fw-la contra_fw-la fas_fw-la purpuram_fw-la in_o duerent_a &_o regno_fw-la vehementâ—t_fw-la oppresâ—o_fw-la totam_fw-la militiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la quae_fw-la quondam_a plurima_fw-la extiterat_fw-la &_o victorio_fw-la sissima_fw-la sua_fw-la imprudentia_fw-la perdiderant_fw-la as_o ingulphus_n write_v be_v enforce_v to_o hold_v his_o kingdom_n from_o egbert_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n under_o a_o tribute_n and_o thereupon_o confer_v divers_a land_n by_o his_o charter_n to_o this_o abbey_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n of_o mercia_n in_o perpetual_a and_o pure_a frankalmoigne_n quietae_fw-la &_o solutae_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la oneribus_fw-la secularibus_fw-la exactionibus_fw-la &_o vectigalibus_fw-la universis_fw-la quocunque_fw-la nomine_fw-la censeantur_fw-la that_o his_o grant_n may_v be_v sound_a and_o valid_a he_o be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v it_o confirm_v in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o king_n egbert_n and_o his_o son_n and_o of_o all_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n et_fw-la proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o the_o great_a noble_n of_o england_n there_o present_a most_o of_o they_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v this_o charter_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o their_o name_n about_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 838._o there_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a 838._o council_n hold_v at_o 340._o kingston_n in_o which_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o his_o son_n aethelwulfe_n ceolâ—eth_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n be_v present_a among_o many_o thing_n there_o act_v and_o speak_v archbishop_n ceolnoth_n show_v before_o the_o whole_a council_n that_o the_o foresay_a king_n egbert_n and_o aeâ—hel_n wulfe_n have_v give_v to_o christchurch_n the_o manor_n call_v malinge_n in_o sudex_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o regal_a tribute_n except_v only_o these_o three_o expedition_z 10._o build_v of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n which_o foresay_a manor_n and_o land_n king_n baldred_n give_v to_o christchurch_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la ille_fw-la rex_fw-la cuneâ—is_fw-la principibus_fw-la non_fw-la placuit_fw-la noluerunt_fw-la donum_fw-la ejus_fw-la permanere_fw-la râ—…m_fw-la but_o because_o this_o king_n please_v not_o all_o his_o noble_n they_o will_v not_o that_o this_o his_o gift_n shall_v continue_v firm_a to_o which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n add_v this_o marginal_a note_n rex_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la distrahere_fw-la patrimonium_fw-la regni_fw-la sine_fw-la assensu_fw-la procerum_fw-la wherefore_o the_o foresay_a king_n in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n with_o their_o noble_n assent_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a archbishop_n regranted_a and_o confirm_v it_o to_o christchurch_n with_o this_o anathema_n annex_v against_o the_o infringer_n of_o this_o grant_n if_o any_o shall_v presume_v to_o violate_v it_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o god_n and_o of_o we_o king_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o all_o christian_n let_v he_o be_v separate_v from_o god_n and_o bet_v his_o portion_n be_v with_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angols_n 343._o polydor_z virgil_n record_n that_o king_n athelwulfe_n in_o 847._o the_o year_n 847._o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n repair_v the_o english_a school_n there_o late_o burn_v down_o and_o in_o imitation_n of_o king_n ina_n make_v that_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o egbert_n his_o father_n have_v add_v tributary_n towards_o it_o 1._o legeque_fw-la sancivit_fw-la and_o enact_v by_o a_o law_n make_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n that_o those_o who_o receive_v 30_o penny_n rend_v every_o year_n out_o of_o their_o possession_n or_o have_v more_o house_n shall_v pay_v for_o those_o house_n they_o inhabit_v every_o of_o they_o a_o penny_n a_o piece_n to_o the_o pope_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o school_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o peter_n and_o paul_n or_o at_o least_o of_o st._n peter_n bond_n which_o law_n some_o write_v he_o though_o false_o ascribr_v to_o his_o son_n alfred_n which_o act_v other_o refer_v to_o the_o year_n 855_o or_o 857_o and_o that_o more_o true_o 851._o abbot_n ingulphus_n in_o his_o hist_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n 850._o record_n that_o bertulf_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o the_o treacherous_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n st._n westan_n tantà _fw-la ferebatur_fw-la ad_fw-la regnandum_fw-la ambitione_n pass_v by_o the_o abbey_n of_o â—royland_n most_o wicked_o and_o violent_o take_v away_o all_o the_o jewel_n pâ—ate_a and_o ornament_n of_o the_o church_n which_o his_o brother_n 10._o withlasin_n and_o other_o king_n have_v give_v to_o it_o together_o with_o all_o the_o money_n he_o can_v find_v in_o the_o monastery_n and_o hire_v soldier_n therewith_o against_o the_o dane_n then_o waste_v the_o country_n about_o london_n he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o put_v to_o slight_a by_o the_o paâ—ans_n whereupon_o this_o king_n soon_o after_o hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o benningdon_n an._n 850._o with_o the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n of_o his_o whole_a realm_n of_o mercia_n there_o assemble_v about_o the_o dane_n invasion_n how_o to_o raiâ—e_v â—orces_n and_o money_n to_o resist_v they_o as_o be_v most_o probable_a by_o 〈◊〉_d historian_n abbot_z siward_z and_o the_o monk_n of_o croy_n land_n therein_o complain_v before_o they_o all_o by_o askillus_n then_o fellow_n monk_n of_o certain_a injury_n malicious_o doâ—e_n unto_o they_o by_o their_o adversary_n who_o lie_v in_o what_o in_o the_o uttermost_a bank_n of_o their_o river_n do_v seize_v upon_o their_o servant_n be_v such_o as_o flee_v thither_o for_o sanctuary_n in_o case_n at_o any_o time_n they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o precinct_n never_o so_o little_a way_n either_o to_o fish_v or_o bring_v back_o their_o straggle_a sheep_n ox_n or_o other_o cattle_n as_o infringer_n of_o their_o sanctuary_n and_o subject_v they_o to_o the_o public_a law_n to_o their_o condemnation_n and_o destruction_n to_o the_o great_a damage_n of_o the_o abbey_n by_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o service_n of_o which_o complaint_n the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o council_n be_v very_o sensible_a and_o
that_o this_o king_n and_o council_n in_o those_o time_n of_o invasion_n and_o necessity_n be_v so_o far_o from_o 〈…〉_z away_o the_o land_n and_o tithe_n of_o the_o church_n for_o 〈…〉_z of_o the_o realm_n or_o from_o impose_v new_a unusual_a 〈…〉_z and_o contribution_n on_o the_o clergy_n for_o thaâ—_n end_n thaâ—_n they_o grant_v they_o more_o land_n and_o tithe_n than_o former_o and_o exempt_v they_o from_o all_o former_a ordinary_a tax_n and_o contribution_n that_o they_o may_v more_o cheerful_o and_o frequent_o pour_v forth_o prayer_n to_o god_n for_o they_o as_o the_o best_a mean_n of_o defence_n and_o security_n against_o these_o foreign_a invade_a enemy_n 209._o mr._n selden_n recite_v another_o charter_n of_o this_o king_n of_o the_o same_o year_n different_a from_o it_o in_o month_n and_o place_n out_o of_o the_o chartulary_n of_o abbington_n abbey_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n make_v by_o parliamentary_a consent_n of_o that_o time_n &_o per_fw-la consilium_fw-la sâ—â—ubre_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comâ—â—bus_fw-la ac_fw-la cunctis_fw-la optimatibus_fw-la mois_fw-fr which_o charter_n be_v subscribe_v by_o this_o king_n and_o his_o two_o son_n with_o some_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n ratify_v with_o their_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o this_o annex_v curse_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la vero_fw-la minuere_fw-la vel_fw-la mutare_fw-la nostram_fw-la donationem_fw-la praesumpserit_fw-la noscat_fw-la se_fw-la ante_fw-la tribunal_n christi_fw-la redditurum_fw-la rationem_fw-la nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la satisfactione_n omendaverit_fw-la usual_a in_o such_o charter_n after_o life_n which_o this_o king_n go_v to_o rome_n carry_v alfred_n his_o young_a son_n thither_o with_o he_o who_o he_o most_o love_a to_o be_v educate_v by_o pope_n leo_n where_o continue_v a_o year_n he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o the_o pope_n and_o return_v into_o his_o country_n marry_v judith_n the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o daughter_n bring_v alfred_n and_o she_o with_o he_o into_o england_n in_o the_o king_n absence_n in_o foreign_a part_n alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherburne_n eandulfe_n earl_n of_o somerset_n and_o certain_a other_o noble_n make_v a_o conspiracy_n with_o ethelbald_a the_o king_n elder_a son_n conclude_v he_o shall_v never_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o his_o return_n from_o rome_n for_o two_o cause_n one_o for_o that_o he_o have_v cause_v his_o young_a son_n alfred_n to_o be_v crown_v king_n as_o rome_n exclude_v thereby_o as_o it_o be_v his_o elder_a son_n and_o other_o from_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n another_o for_o that_o contemn_v all_o the_o woman_n of_o england_n he_o have_v marry_v thâ—_n daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n a_o alien_a et_fw-fr contra_fw-la morem_fw-la et_fw-la statuta_fw-la regum_fw-la west-saxonum_n â—nd_v against_o the_o use_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n call_v judith_n the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o daughter_n who_o he_o late_o espouse_v queen_n and_o cause_v she_o to_o sit_v by_o his_o side_n at_o the_o table_n as_o he_o ea_v for_o the_o westsaxon_n permit_v not_o the_o king_n wife_n to_o sit_v by_o the_o king_n at_o the_o table_n nor_o yet_o to_o be_v call_v queen_n but_o the_o king_n wife_n 35._o which_o infamy_n arise_v â—â—om_n eadburga_n daughter_n of_o king_n offa_n queen_n of_o the_o same_o natâ—on_n who_o destroy_v her_o husband_n king_n brithrâ—…c_n with_o poison_n and_o sit_v by_o the_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o accuse_v all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o he_o who_o thereupon_o deprive_v they_o of_o life_n or_o banish_v they_o the_o realm_n &_o who_o she_o câ—uld_v not_o accuse_v she_o use_v to_o kill_v wâ—th_a poison_n therefore_o for_o this_o mis-doing_a of_o the_o queen_n they_o all_o conjure_v and_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v never_o permit_v a_o king_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o who_o shall_v be_v guilty_a in_o the_o premise_n wâ—…e_v eupon_o king_n aethelulfe_n return_v peaceable_o â—rom_o rome_n his_o son_n aethelbald_n with_o his_o complice_n attempt_v to_o bring_v their_o conceive_a wickedness_n to_o effect_v in_o exclude_v he_o from_o his_o own_o realm_n and_o crown_n but_o almighty_a god_n will_v not_o permit_v it_o for_o lest_o peradventure_o a_o more_o than_o civil_a war_n shall_v arise_v between_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n the_o conspiracy_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n cease_v though_o the_o king_n clemency_n who_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n former_o undivided_a with_o his_o son_n so_o that_o the_o east_n paâ—t_v of_o the_o realm_n shall_v go_v 10._o to_o his_o son_n ethelbald_n and_o the_o west-part_n remain_v to_o the_o father_n and_o when_o tota_fw-la regni_fw-la nobiliras_n all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o the_o west-saxers_a will_v have_v fight_v for_o the_o king_n thrust_v his_o son_n etheibald_a from_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o 〈…〉_z he_o and_o â—is_n complice_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n qui_fw-la tantum_fw-la facinus_fw-la perpetrare_fw-la ausi_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o regem_fw-la à _fw-la regno_fw-la â—…epeâ—â—erent_fw-la which_o wigorniensis_n anno_fw-la 855._o â—il_fw-la facinus_fw-la et_fw-la inauditum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la saeculis_fw-la ante_fw-la infortunium_fw-la if_o the_o father_n will_v have_v permit_v they_o to_o do_v it_o he_o out_o of_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o mind_n satisfy_v his_o son_n desire_v so_o that_o where_o the_o father_n ought_v to_o have_v reign_v by_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n there_o the_o obstinate_a and_o wicked_a son_n reign_v this_o king_n forecited_a aethelulfe_n before_o the_o death_n of_o egbert_n his_o father_n be_v ordain_v bishop_n of_o winchester_n but_o his_o father_n die_v he_o be_v make_v king_n by_o the_o prelate_n noble_n and_o people_n much_o against_o his_o will_n cum_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la alius_fw-la de_fw-la regio_fw-la genere_fw-la qui_fw-la regnare_fw-la debuisset_fw-la because_o there_o be_v none_o other_o of_o the_o royal_a race_n who_o ought_v to_o reign_v haeredibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la deficientibus_fw-la postmodum_fw-la necessitate_v compulsus_fw-la gubernacula_fw-la regm_n in_fw-la se_fw-la suscepit_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o express_v it_o at_o his_o death_n anno_fw-la 857._o he_o do_v by_o his_o will_n lest_o his_o 857._o son_n shall_v fall_v out_o between_o themselves_o after_o his_o decease_n give_v the_o kingdom_n of_o kent_n with_o sussex_n and_o essex_n to_o ethelbert_n his_o second_o son_n and_o leave_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n aethelbald_a then_o he_o devise_v certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o his_o daughter_n kindred_n noble_n and_o a_o constant_a annuity_n for_o ever_o for_o meat_n drink_n and_o clothes_n to_o one_o poor_a man_n or_o pilgrim_n out_o of_o every_o 10_o hide_n of_o his_o land_n &_o 300_o mark_n of_o money_n to_o be_v send_v yearly_a to_o rome_n to_o be_v spend_v there_o in_o oil_n for_o lamp_n &_o alm_n which_o sum_n i_o never_o find_v pay_v by_o his_o successor_n as_o he_o prescribe_v by_o his_o will_n and_o charter_n too_o because_o not_o confirm_v by_o his_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o prelate_n and_o noble_n as_o his_o forcited_a charter_n and_o 30._o peter-pence_n likewise_o grant_v by_o he_o be_v upon_o this_o occasion_n â_v some_o record_n that_o he_o be_v in_o rome_n and_o see_v there_o out_o lawed_a man_n do_v penance_n in_o bond_n of_o iron_n purchase_v of_o the_o pope_n that_o englishman_n after_o that_o time_n shall_v never_o onâ—_n of_o their_o country_n do_v penance_n in_o bond_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 867._o history_n osbrith_n king_n of_o 867._o northumberland_n as_o bromton_n record_v reside_v at_o york_n as_o he_o return_v from_o hunt_v go_v into_o the_o house_n of_o one_o of_o his_o noble_n call_v bruern_v bocard_n to_o eat_v who_o be_v then_o go_v to_o the_o seacoast_n to_o defend_v it_o &_o the_o port_n against_o thief_n and_o pirate_n as_o he_o be_v accustom_v his_o lady_n be_v extraordinary_o beautiful_a entertain_v he_o very_o honourable_o at_o dinner_n the_o k._n enamour_v with_o her_o beauty_n after_o dinner_n take_v she_o by_o the_o hand_n lead_v she_o into_o her_o chamber_n say_v he_o will_v speak_v with_o she_o in_o private_a and_o there_o violent_o ravish_v she_o against_o her_o will_n which_o do_v he_o present_o return_v to_o york_n but_o the_o lady_n abode_n at_o her_o house_n weeping_z and_o lament_v the_o deed_n of_o the_o king_n whereby_o she_o lose_v her_o former_a colour_n and_o beauty_n her_o husband_n return_v and_o find_v she_o in_o this_o sad_a condition_n inquire_v the_o cause_n thereof_o where_o with_o she_o full_o acquaint_v he_o he_o thereupon_o cheer_v she_o up_o with_o comsortable_a word_n say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o love_v she_o the_o less_o for_o it_o since_o her_o weakness_n be_v unable_a to_o resist_v the_o king_n power_n and_o vow_v by_o god_n assistance_n speedy_o to_o avenge_v himself_o &_o she_o of_o the_o king_n for_o this_o indignity_n
where_o upon_o be_v a_o noble_a and_o very_a potent_a man_n of_o great_a parentage_n he_o call_v all_o his_o kinsman_n and_o the_o chief_a noble_n of_o his_o family_n to_o he_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o this_o dishonour_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o king_n say_v he_o will_v by_o all_o mean_n be_v avenge_v thereof_o and_o by_o their_o counsel_n and_o consent_n they_o go_v all_o together_o to_o york_n to_o the_o king_n who_o when_o he_o see_v bruern_v call_v he_o courteous_o to_o he_o but_o he_o guard_v with_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n present_o defy_v the_o king_n resign_v up_o to_o he_o his_o homage_n fealty_n land_n and_o what_o ever_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o say_v that_o he_o will_v never_o hold_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o hereafter_o as_o of_o his_o lord_n and_o so_o without_o more_o word_n or_o great_a stay_n instant_o depart_v and_o take_v leave_n of_o his_o friend_n go_v speedy_o into_o denmark_n and_o complain_v to_o codrinus_n king_n thereof_o of_o the_o indignity_n do_v by_o king_n osbrith_n to_o he_o and_o his_o lady_n implore_v his_o aid_n and_o assistance_n speedy_o to_o revenge_v it_o he_o be_v extract_v out_o of_o his_o royal_a blood_n the_o king_n and_o dane_n hereupon_o be_v exceed_v glad_a that_o they_o have_v this_o induce_v cause_n to_o invade_v england_n present_o gather_v together_o a_o great_a atmy_n to_o revenge_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o bruern_n be_v of_o his_o blood_n appoint_v his_o two_o brother_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n most_o valiant_a soldier_n to_o be_v their_o general_n who_o provide_v ship_n and_o other_o necessary_n transport_v a_o innumerable_a army_n into_o england_n and_o land_v they_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o the_o dane_n at_o this_o time_n invade_v england_n in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o parent_n kindred_n and_o friend_n of_o bruern_n expel_v and_o reject_v king_n osbrith_n for_o this_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o 8._o and_o his_o lady_n refuse_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o or_o to_o obey_v he_o any_o long_o as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n to_o be_v king_n though_o none_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n our_o other_o grafton_n historian_n who_o mention_v not_o this_o fact_n of_o osbrith_n and_o occasion_n of_o these_o dane_n arrival_n to_o revenge_v it_o write_z that_o the_o dane_n upon_o their_o land_n march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o york_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n unto_o tinmouth_n at_o that_o time_n they_o write_v by_o the_o devilsinstinct_n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a discord_n raise_v between_o the_o northumberlander_n sicut_fw-la semper_fw-la populo_fw-la qui_fw-la odium_fw-la incurrerit_fw-la evenire_fw-la solet_fw-la for_o the_o northumberlander_n at_o that_o time_n have_v expel_v their_o lawful_a king_n osbrith_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n a_o tyrant_n not_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n to_o the_o regal_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o division_n the_o dane_n take_v york_n run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o blood_n and_o grief_n waste_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n far_o and_o near_o leave_v nothing_o stand_v but_o the_o wall_n and_o ruin_n of_o they_o pillage_n depopulate_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o whole_a country_n in_o which_o great_a necessity_n and_o distress_n the_o northumberlander_n reconcile_n their_o two_o king_n osbrith_n and_o ella_n one_o to_o another_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n together_o against_o the_o dane_n which_o their_o two_o king_n and_o eight_o earl_n march_v with_o to_o york_n where_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n with_o various_a success_n both_o the_o say_a king_n with_o most_o of_o the_o northumberlander_n be_v all_o stain_n april_n 11._o anno_fw-la 867._o the_o city_n of_o york_n consumea_n with_o fire_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n make_v tributary_n to_o the_o dane_n 70._o simeon_n dunelmensis_n relate_v that_o both_o these_o king_n have_v violent_o &_o sacrilegious_o take_v away_o certain_a land_n from_o s._n cuthberts_n church_n in_o durham_n for_o osbrit_fw-mi 4._o have_v by_o a_o sacrilegious_a attempt_n take_v away_o wircewood_n and_o tillemouth_n and_o ella_n billingham_n heclif_n and_o wigeclif_n &_o creca_n from_o s._n cuthbert_n tandem_fw-la cum_fw-la maximâ_fw-la parte_fw-la suorum_fw-la ambo_fw-la praefati_fw-la reges_fw-la occubuerunt_fw-la &_o injurias_fw-la quas_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la cuthberti_fw-la aliquando_fw-la irrogaverant_fw-la vitâ_fw-la privati_fw-la &_o regno_fw-la persolverunt_fw-la which_o the_o author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n observe_v and_o record_n more_o large_o as_o a_o punishment_n of_o their_o sacrilegious_a rapine_n the_o dane_n hereupon_o make_v egbert_n king_n of_o northumberland_n as_o a_o tributary_n and_o viceroy_n under_o they_o sic_fw-la northumbria_n bellieo_fw-la jure_fw-la obtenta_fw-la barbaro_fw-la rum_o dominium_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la tempore_fw-la pro_fw-la conscientiâ_fw-la libertatis_fw-la ingemuit_fw-la write_v malmesbury_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 3._o p._n 42._o these_o rebellious_a northumberlander_n about_o 7_o year_n after_o uno_fw-la conspirantes_fw-la consilio_fw-la expel_v egbert_n the_o realm_n 8._o by_o unanimous_a consent_n together_o with_o archbishop_n wilfer_n make_v one_o richius_n king_n in_o his_o place_n the_o dane_n both_o then_o and_o long_o after_o possess_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n and_o slaughter_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o the_o 57_o marginal_a historian_n record_v more_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n by_o a_o just_a divine_a punishment_n for_o their_o manifold_a treason_n sedition_n faction_n rebellion_n against_o and_o murder_n of_o their_o sovereign_n in_o the_o year_n ethelred_n 868._o a_o great_a army_n of_o these_o victorious_a 868._o plunder_v dane_n march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n to_o nottingham_n which_o they_o take_v and_o there_o winter_v whereupon_o beorred_a or_o brithred_a king_n of_o mercian_n omnesque_fw-la esusdem_fw-la gentis_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o that_o nation_n assemble_v together_o where_o the_o king_n consilium_fw-la habuit_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o comilitonibus_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la nbi_fw-la subjecto_fw-la qualitèr_fw-la inimicos_fw-la bellicâ_fw-la virtute_fw-la exuperaret_fw-la sive_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la expelleret_fw-la hold_v a_o council_n with_o his_o earl_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n and_o all_o the_o people_n subject_n to_o he_o how_o he_o may_v vanquish_v these_o enemy_n with_o military_a 9_o power_n or_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o to_o his_o brother_n elfrid_n humble_o request_v they_o that_o they_o will_v assist_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o danish_a army_n which_o they_o easy_o condescen_v to_o gather_v a_o very_a great_a army_n together_o out_o of_o all_o part_n and_o join_v all_o together_o with_o beorred_a and_o his_o force_n march_v to_o nottingham_n unanimous_o with_o a_o a_o resolution_n to_o give_v the_o dane_n battle_n who_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o town_n but_o be_v unable_a to_o break_v the_o wall_n they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n at_o last_o with_o the_o dane_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v relinquish_v the_o town_n and_o march_v back_o again_o into_o northumberland_n which_o they_o do_v where_o their_o army_n continue_v the_o whole_a year_n follow_v in_o &_o about_o york_n debacchans_n &_o insaniens_fw-la occidens_fw-la &_o perdens_fw-la perplurimos_fw-la viros_fw-la &_o mulieres_fw-la 864._o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n king_n beor_v as_o he_o style_v he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o earl_n algar_n the_o young_a who_o be_v very_o gracious_a with_o he_o and_o the_o other_o king_n causâ_fw-la suae_fw-la nobilis_fw-la militiae_fw-la grant_v a_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n not_o only_o of_o all_o the_o land_n advowsons_n possession_n which_o this_o earl_n with_o 1._o other_o particular_a person_n and_o king_n have_v give_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n confirm_v all_o their_o land_n marsh_n churohe_n chapel_n manor_n mansion_n cottage_n wood_n land_n meadow_n therein_o specify_v to_o god_n and_o saint_n guthlaâ—_n for_o ever_o libera_n &_o soluta_fw-la &_o emancipata_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la onere_fw-la terreno_fw-la &_o servitio_fw-la seculari_fw-la in_o eleemofynam_n aeternam_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la possidendam_fw-la which_o charter_n have_v this_o memorable_a exordium_n express_v the_o motive_n induce_v this_o king_n to_o grant_v it_o beorredus_fw-la largiente_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiâ_fw-la rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la provinciis_fw-la &_o populis_fw-la earum_fw-la universam_fw-la merciam_fw-la inhabitantibus_fw-la &_o fidem_fw-la catholicam_fw-la
march_v on_o lay_v all_o the_o country_n waste_v before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n spare_v neither_o person_n age_n nor_o sex_n they_o cast_v down_o burn_v destroy_v and_o level_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o goodly_a monastery_n of_o bradney_n peterborough_n huntingdon_n ely_n with_o sundry_a other_o murder_v as_o well_o all_o the_o monk_n as_o nun_n therein_o which_o their_o merciless_a sword_n after_o they_o have_v first_o pollute_v they_o to_o avoid_v who_o barbarous_a rape_n 383._o ebba_n abbess_n of_o coldingham_n and_o her_o nun_n by_o her_o example_n and_o persuasion_n cut_v off_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o nose_n to_o deform_v themselves_o to_o their_o lascivious_a eye_n which_o bloody_a spectacle_n preserve_v their_o chastity_n from_o their_o lust_n but_o not_o their_o monastery_n or_o body_n from_o their_o cruelty_n they_o burn_v they_o and_o their_o nunnery_n to_o ash_n 870._o after_o which_o the_o same_o year_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n march_v 4_o against_o st._n edmund_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 855._o be_v choose_v king_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la illius_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la et_fw-la populis_fw-la by_o all_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n of_o that_o realm_n be_v spring_v from_o the_o ancient_a royal_a blood_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o compel_v to_o take_v the_o government_n on_o he_o much_o against_o his_o will_n be_v then_o but_o 13_o year_n old_a and_o consecrate_a king_n by_o bishop_n humbert_n in_o the_o royal_a town_n call_v bury_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o malice_n to_o this_o king_n as_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n write_v be_v this_o that_o he_o be_v malicious_o accuse_v to_o have_v murder_v the_o it_o father_n lothbroc_n drive_v by_o a_o sudden_a storm_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n into_o england_n as_o he_o be_v hawk_v at_o fowl_n by_o this_o king_n faulkoner_n who_o have_v murder_v himself_o out_o of_o mere_a malice_n be_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o knight_n and_o lawyer_n banish_v the_o realm_n and_o put_v alone_o into_o lothbrocs_n boat_n without_o oar_n or_o sail_n for_o murder_v he_o and_o so_o send_v to_o sea_n be_v drive_v in_o it_o into_o denmark_n to_o excuse_v himself_o he_o malicious_o accuse_v the_o king_n of_o this_o murder_n to_o these_o his_o son_n who_o thereupon_o invade_v england_n with_o a_o army_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o at_o this_o time_n so_o extraordinary_o prevail_v and_o overrun_v the_o land_n be_v the_o civil_a discord_n war_n and_o emulation_n among_o the_o saxon_a king_n who_o either_o out_o of_o malice_n or_o ambition_n to_o advance_v their_o own_o dominion_n or_o base_a unworthy_a fear_n will_v rather_o induce_v these_o common_a enemy_n to_o overrun_v they_o than_o assist_v one_o another_o against_o they_o which_o 42._o william_n of_o malmesburie_n thus_o express_v meminerit_fw-la interea_fw-la lector_n quod_fw-la interim_n reges_fw-la merciorum_fw-la et_fw-la northanimbrorum_fw-la captata_fw-la occasione_n adventus_fw-la danorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la bellis_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la insudabat_fw-la a_o servitio_fw-la west-saxonum_n respirantes_fw-la dominationem_fw-la svam_fw-la penè_fw-la asseruerant_fw-la ardebant_fw-la ergo_fw-la cunctae_fw-la saevis_fw-la popularibus_fw-la provinciae_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la regum_fw-la inimicos_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la sedibus_fw-la sustinere_fw-la quam_fw-la compatriotis_fw-la laborantibus_fw-la opem_fw-la porrigere_fw-la curabat_fw-la ita_fw-la dum_fw-la malâ—it_fw-la â—â—vindicare_fw-la quam_fw-la praevenire_fw-la injuriam_fw-la socordiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la exanguem_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la patriam_fw-la dani_n sine_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la succressere_fw-la dum_fw-la et_fw-la provincialibus_fw-la timor_fw-la incresce_fw-it ret_fw-la et_fw-la proxima_fw-la quaeque_fw-la victoria_fw-la per_fw-la additamentum_fw-la captivorum_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la sequentis_fw-la fieret_fw-la etc._n etc._n northanimbri_n jamdudum_fw-la civilibus_fw-la dissentionibus_fw-la fluctuantes_fw-la adventante_fw-la host_n correxerunt_fw-la discordiam_fw-la itaque_fw-la osbirthum_fw-la regem_fw-la quem_fw-la expulerant_fw-la in_fw-la solium_fw-la reformantes_fw-la magnosque_fw-la moliti_fw-la paratus_fw-la obviam_fw-la procedunt_fw-la sed_fw-la facilè_fw-la pulsi_fw-la infra_fw-la urbem_fw-la eboracum_n se_fw-la includunt_fw-la quâ_fw-la mox_fw-la à _fw-la victoribus_fw-la succensâ_fw-la cum_fw-la laxos_fw-la crines_fw-la â—ffusior_fw-la flamma_fw-la produceret_fw-la tota_fw-la depascens_fw-la maenia_fw-la ipsi_fw-la quoque_fw-la conflagratâ—_fw-it patriam_fw-la ossibus_fw-la texêre_fw-la suis_fw-la mercii_n non_fw-la semel_fw-la obtriti_fw-la obsidatu_fw-la miserias_fw-la svas_fw-la levaverunt_fw-la at_o vero_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la multis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la infractus_fw-la obiit_fw-la orientalium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la pagi_fw-la cum_fw-la urbibus_fw-la et_fw-la vicis_fw-la à _fw-la praedonibus_fw-la possessi_fw-la rex_fw-la corum_fw-la sanctus_fw-la edmundus_n ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la interemptust_fw-la anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 870._o 12_o calendas_fw-la decembris_fw-la temporaneae_fw-la mortis_fw-la compendio_fw-la regnum_fw-la emit_fw-la aeternum_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o king_n edmund_n martyrdom_n at_n historian_n 3._o thus_o relate_v an._n 870._o hinguar_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n invade_v king_n edmund_n realm_n with_o a_o great_a power_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o king_n edmund_n to_o demand_v the_o half_a of_o his_o treasure_n and_o wealth_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o realm_n under_o he_o threaten_v otherwise_o to_o waste_v his_o kingdom_n and_o extirpate_v he_o and_o his_o people_n sed_fw-la nimis_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la hinguar_n the_o sauros_fw-la exigebat_fw-la qui_fw-la clementissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la caput_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la pecunias_fw-la sitiebat_fw-la write_v 370._o matthew_n westminster_n where_o upon_o bishop_n humbert_n advise_v he_o to_o fly_v from_o the_o dane_n who_o approach_v with_o their_o force_n towards_o he_o to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o king_n wish_v will_v to_o god_n that_o i_o may_v preserve_v the_o life_n of_o my_o subject_n for_o who_o i_o desire_v to_o lay_v down_o my_o life_n for_o this_o be_v my_o chief_a wish_n that_o i_o may_v not_o survive_v my_o faithful_a subject_n and_o most_o dear_a friend_n which_o this_o cruel_a pirate_n have_v the_o evish_o slay_v neither_o will_v i_o stain_v my_o glory_n by_o flight_n who_o never_o yet_o sustain_v the_o reproach_n of_o waâ—re_n the_o heavenly_a king_n also_o be_v my_o witness_n that_o no_o fear_n of_o the_o barbarian_n shall_v separate_v i_o from_o the_o love_n of_o christ_n whether_o live_v or_o dead_a then_o turn_v to_o the_o messenger_n of_o hinguar_n he_o say_v thou_o be_v worthy_a to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v wet_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o my_o people_n but_o imitate_v the_o example_n of_o my_o christ_n if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v i_o be_o not_o afraid_a willing_o to_o die_v for_o they_o return_v therefore_o speedy_o to_o thy_o master_n and_o carry_v my_o answer_n to_o he_o although_o thou_o take_v away_o my_o treasure_n and_o riches_n which_o the_o divine_a clemency_n have_v give_v i_o by_o thy_o power_n yet_o thou_o shall_v never_o subject_v i_o to_o thy_o infidelity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o honest_a thing_n to_o defend_v perpetual_a liberty_n together_o with_o purity_n of_o religion_n for_o wâ—…_n also_o if_o there_o be_v need_n we_o think_v it_o not_o unprofitable_a to_o die_v therefore_o as_o thy_o proud_a cruelty_n have_v begin_v after_o the_o servant_n slaughter_n cut_v thou_o the_o king_n throat_n because_o the_o king_n of_o king_n see_v these_o thing_n will_v translate_v 8._o i_o into_o heaven_n there_o to_o reign_v eternal_o the_o messenger_n depart_v the_o king_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v a_o worthy_a thing_n to_o fight_v both_o for_o their_o faith_n and_o country_n est_fw-la nota._n they_o shall_v prove_v deserter_n of_o their_o realm_n and_o betrayer_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o bishop_n humbert_n his_o noble_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o near_o thedford_n fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n the_o place_n be_v all_o die_v red_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o slay_v at_o which_o grievous_a sight_n king_n edmund_n be_v much_o grieve_v not_o only_o for_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n fight_v for_o their_o country_n &_o native_a liberty_n &_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n &_o so_o already_o crow_v with_o martyrdom_n but_o likewise_o for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o barbarous_a infidel_n send_v down_o to_o hell_n in_o great_a number_n which_o he_o overmuch_o lament_v after_o which_o battle_n retire_v to_o hegelsdun_n with_o his_o force_n that_o be_v leave_v he_o immutable_o resolve_v in_o his_o mind_n never_o to_o sight_n battle_n wâ—th_v the_o enemy_n more_o say_v only_o this_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o alone_o shall_v die_v for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a nation_n perish_v soon_o after_o hinguars_n army_n be_v recrute_v by_o the_o access_n of_o hubba_n to_o he_o with_o ten_o thousand_o man_n he_o march_v to_o hegelsdun_n and_o surround_v it_o that_o none_o may_v escape_v thence_o whereupon_o king_n edmund_n fly_v to_o the_o church_n and_o cast_v down_o
a_o swear_a jury_n or_o upon_o in_o sufficient_a evidence_n or_o for_o crime_n not_o capital_a by_o the_o law_n the_o name_n of_o these_o judge_n with_o their_o several_a offerce_n you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o horn._n have_v those_o pretend_a judge_n of_o a_o new_a edition_n who_o of_o late_o arraign_v condemn_v execute_v the_o king_n nobles_z gentleman_n and_o freeman_n of_o england_n in_o strange_a new_a arbitrary_a court_n of_o high_a justice_n without_o any_o legal_a indictment_n and_o trial_n by_o a_o swear_a jury_n of_o their_o peer_n and_o many_o of_o they_o for_o offence_n not_o capital_a by_o any_o know_a law_n or_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o upon_o very_o slender_a evidence_n live_v in_o this_o just_a king_n reign_n they_o may_v just_o fear_v he_o will_v have_v hang_v they_o all_o up_o as_o murderer_n and_o capital_a malefactor_n as_o well_o as_o these_o 44_o judge_n not_o altogether_o so_o peccant_a in_o this_o kind_n as_o they_o this_o form_n of_o trial_n by_o swear_a jury_n of_o their_o peer_n then_o in_o use_n be_v since_o confirm_v by_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o king_n john_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o 3_o some_o hundred_o of_o subsequent_a statute_n and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_o not_o know_v in_o alfred_n day_n i_o sin_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o king_n alfred_n law_n of_o which_o 355._o law_n abbot_n ethelred_n give_v this_o rrue_a encomium_fw-la leges_fw-la christianissimas_fw-la &_o scripsit_fw-la &_o promulgavit_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la side_n ejus_fw-la et_fw-la devotio_fw-la in_o deum_fw-la sollicitudo_fw-la in_o subditos_fw-la 362._o misericordia_fw-la in_o pauperes_fw-la justicia_fw-la circa_fw-la omnes_fw-la cunctis_fw-la legentibus_fw-la patet_fw-la this_o observable_a passage_n that_o the_o apostle_n &_o elder_n assemble_v in_o a_o synod_n at_o jerusalem_n act_v 15._o in_o their_o epistle_n to_o the_o church_n of_o the_o gentile_n to_o abstain_v from_o thing_n offer_v unto_o idol_n add_v this_o summary_n of_o all_o law_n and_o what_o you_o will_v not_o to_o be_v do_v to_o yourselves_o that_o do_v you_o not_o to_o other_o from_o which_o one_o precept_n it_o sufficient_o appear_v unicuique_fw-la ex_fw-la aequo_fw-la jus_o esse_fw-la reddendum_fw-la that_o right_a or_o law_n be_v of_o justice_n to_o be_v render_v to_o every_o one_o neither_o will_v there_o be_v need_n of_o any_o other_o law_n or_o law-book_n whatsoever_o if_o he_o who_o sit_v judge_n upon_o other_o shall_v only_o remember_v this_o that_o he_o will_v not_o himself_n shall_v pronounce_v any_o other_o sentence_n against_o other_o than_o what_o he_o will_v shall_v be_v pass_v against_o himself_o in_o their_o case_n but_o when_o the_o gospel_n be_v propagate_v many_o nation_n and_o among_o they_o the_o english_a embrace_v the_o faith_n of_o god_n word_n there_o be_v then_o hold_v some_o 7._o assembly_n and_o council_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o most_o illustrious_a wise_a man_n throughout_o the_o world_n and_o likewise_o in_o 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and_o commit_v they_o to_o writing_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o all_o capital_a corporal_a and_o pecuniary_a mulct_n and_o penalty_n for_o any_o civil_a or_o ecclesiastical_a offence_n whatsoever_o inflict_v on_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o that_o and_o all_o former_a age_n since_o they_o embrace_v the_o gospel_n be_v only_o such_o as_o be_v particular_o define_v and_o prescribe_v by_o their_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o the_o law_n therein_o enact_v and_o not_o leave_v arbitrary_a to_o the_o king_n judges_z or_o magistrate_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o forecited_a passage_n of_o beda_n malmesbury_n huntindon_n and_o bromton_n concern_v king_n ethelbert_n law_n part_v 2._o p._n 50._o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n lex_fw-la 2_o 3_o 4_o 6_o 7_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 21_o 22_o 25_o 26_o 27_o 30_o 31_o 32_o 34_o 35_o 36_o 37_o 38_o 39_o 40_o 41_o 46_o 47_o 48_o 49_o 54_o 57_o 58_o 64_o 73_o 75_o 76_o 80._o &_o more_o special_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n himself_o lex_fw-la 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o 9_o 12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 17_o 20_o 21_o 24_o 25_o 26_o 27_o 28_o 29_o 30_o 31_o 32_o 33_o 34_o 35_o 38_o 39_o 40_o 41_o 42_o 44_o 45_o 46_o 48_o 51._o with_o the_o law_n of_o our_o other_o saxon_a king_n prescribe_v particular_a fine_n pecuniary_a corporal_a and_o capital_a punishment_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o offence_n and_o injury_n to_o avoid_v all_o arbitrary_a proceed_n and_o censure_n in_o such_o case_n 2_o that_o no_o imprisonment_n corporal_n capital_a or_o pecuniary_a mulct_n or_o punishment_n whatsoever_o just_o might_n or_o legal_o aught_o to_o be_v then_o inflict_v upon_o any_o malefactor_n or_o trespasser_n whatsoever_o but_o when_o where_o and_o for_o such_o offence_n only_o as_o the_o know_a parliamentary_a and_o common_a law_n then_o in_o force_n particular_o warrant_v and_o prescribe_v which_o penalty_n and_o law_n can_v not_o be_v alter_v nor_o abrogate_a but_o by_o parliamentary_a council_n only_o 3_o that_o common_a right_n and_o justice_n be_v then_o to_o be_v equal_o dispense_v to_o all_o man_n by_o our_o king_n judges_z and_o other_o magisttaâ—es_n according_a to_o the_o law_n then_o establish_v in_o such_o sort_n as_o they_o will_v have_v they_o administer_v to_o themselves_o in_o the_o like_a case_n 4_o that_o wilful_a traitor_n and_o deserter_n of_o their_o lawful_a lord_n &_o sovereign_n be_v not_o to_o be_v spare_v or_o pardon_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man_n nor_o yet_o punish_v only_o with_o fine_n but_o put_v to_o death_n without_o mercy_n whence_o this_o law_n be_v then_o enact_v by_o king_n alfred_n and_o his_o wiseman_n â—rchaâ—on_n lex_fw-la 4._o si_fw-mi â—â—iâ—_n vel_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la vel_fw-la susceptam_fw-la vel_fw-la suspectam_fw-la personam_fw-la de_fw-fr morte_fw-la regis_fw-la tractet_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la fit_a et_fw-la omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la habebit_fw-la and_o if_o any_o fight_v or_o draw_v any_o weapon_n in_o the_o king_n house_n and_o be_v apprehend_v sit_v in_o arbitrio_fw-la regis_fw-la sit_fw-la vita_fw-la sit_fw-la mors_fw-la sicâ—â—_n ei_fw-la condonare_fw-la voluerit_fw-la lex_fw-la 8._o because_o it_o may_v endanger_v the_o king_n person_n this_o king_n alfred_n make_v two_o special_a law_n for_o secure_v even_o leet_n and_o inferior_a court_n of_o justice_n from_o arm_a violence_n and_o disturbance_n by_o fight_v which_o i_o shall_v recite_v 51._o lex_fw-la 41._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la coram_fw-la aldermanno_n regis_fw-la pugnet_fw-la in_o publico_fw-la emendet_fw-la weram_fw-la &_o wâ—tam_fw-la sicut_fw-la rectum_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o supra_fw-la hoc_fw-la cxx_o s._n ad_fw-la witam_n lex_fw-la 42._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la folemot_n id_fw-la est_fw-la populi_fw-la placitum_fw-la armorum_fw-la exercitione_fw-la turbabit_fw-la emendet_fw-la aldermanno_n cxx_o s._n wâ—â—ae_n id_fw-la est_fw-la foris_fw-la factuâ—ae_fw-la what_o fine_n and_o punishment_n than_o do_v they_o deserve_v who_o not_o only_o fight_v before_o and_o disturb_v alderman_n and_o leet_n with_o their_o arm_n but_o even_o disturb_v fight_n and_o use_v their_o arm_n against_o our_o alderman_n themselves_o yea_o all_o the_o alderman_n peer_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v in_o the_o high_a great_a parliamentary_a council_n and_o over-awe_n imprison_v secure_a seclude_v and_o forcible_o dissolve_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n as_o some_o of_o late_a time_n have_v do_v beyond_o all_o former_a precedent_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o noble_a king_n alfred_n gythro_n the_o dane_n sometime_o style_v godrin_n or_o guthurn_n 878._o 879_o anno_fw-la 878._o with_o a_o invincible_a army_n run_v over_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n waste_v the_o country_n and_o depopulate_v all_o sacred_a place_n wheresoever_o he_o come_v quicquid_fw-la in_o auro_fw-la et_fw-la argento_fw-la rapere_fw-la potest_fw-la militibns_fw-la erogavit_fw-la and_o â—eiâ—ing_v upon_o loca_fw-la quaeque_fw-la mâ—nita_fw-la force_v king_n alfred_n be_v so_o distress_v that_o he_o know_v not_o what_o to_o do_v nor_o
whither_o to_o turn_v himself_o to_o retire_v and_o save_v himself_o in_o the_o isle_n aethelingie_n for_o a_o season_n till_o recollect_v his_o scatter_a subject_n and_o force_n together_o he_o vanquish_v githro_n and_o his_o army_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n at_o ethendune_n and_o then_o besiege_v he_o and_o his_o remain_a force_n 15_o day_n in_o a_o castle_n to_o which_o they_o flee_v compel_v they_o by_o famine_n and_o the_o sword_n to_o make_v peace_n with_o he_o upon_o this_o condition_n ut_fw-la regni_fw-la et_fw-la regis_fw-la infestationem_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la abjurarent_fw-la that_o they_o shall_v perpetual_o abjure_v the_o infest_v of_o the_o king_n and_o realm_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v turn_v christian_n which_o they_o according_o perform_v githro_n with_o 30_o of_o the_o choice_a man_n in_o his_o army_n be_v baptize_v at_o alve_n 15_o day_n after_o king_n alfred_n be_v their_o godfather_n and_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o aethelstane_n after_o which_o alfred_n feast_v he_o and_o his_o captain_n 12_o day_n in_o his_o court_n give_v githro_n eastengland_n to_o inhabit_v wherein_o king_n edmund_n reign_v to_o be_v hold_v of_o and_o under_o he_o whereupon_o githro_n and_o his_o danes_n an._n 879._o leave_v cirencenster_n march_v into_o the_o east_n part_n of_o england_n which_o he_o divide_v among_o his_o soldier_n who_o then_o begin_v to_o inhabit_v it_o by_o alfred_n donation_n upon_o this_o accord_n or_o some_o time_n after_o king_n alfr_n and_o gythro_n by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o their_o great_a council_n and_o wise_a man_n make_v and_o enact_v certain_a civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o their_o people_n and_o realm_n record_v in_o bromton_n lambert_n and_o spelman_n where_o those_o who_o please_v may_v peruse_v they_o the_o prologue_n and_o 2_o first_o law_n whereof_o i_o shall_v only_o recite_v as_o both_o pertinent_a to_o my_o purpose_n and_o seasonable_a 5._o for_o our_o time_n much_o oppose_v the_o magistrate_n coercive_a power_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o god_n and_o religion_n 6._o hoc_fw-la est_fw-la consilium_fw-la quod_fw-la alredus_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la godrinus_fw-la rex_fw-la eligerunt_fw-la et_fw-la condixerunt_fw-la quando_fw-la angli_fw-la et_fw-la dani_n ad_fw-la pacem_fw-la et_fw-la concordiam_fw-la plenè_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la posteà _fw-la successerunt_fw-la saepiùs_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la aside_z renovantes_fw-la in_fw-la bonum_fw-la semper_fw-la adduxerunt_fw-la cap._n 1._o inprimis_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la unum_fw-la deum_fw-la diligere_fw-la velint_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la paganismo_fw-la sedulo_fw-la renunciare_fw-la et_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la secularem_fw-la â—ustitiam_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la sciebant_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la poterant_fw-la multos_fw-la alitèr_fw-la castigare_fw-la plures_fw-la veâ—ò_fw-la nolebant_fw-la ad_fw-la dei_fw-la cultum_fw-la sicut_fw-la deberent_fw-la aliâ—è_fw-la inclinari_fw-la et_fw-la secularem_fw-la emendationem_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la communem_fw-la christo_fw-la et_fw-la regi_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la recusabitur_fw-la lex_fw-la dei_fw-la justè_fw-la seruari_fw-la secundum_fw-la dictionem_fw-la episcopi_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la primum_fw-la edictum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la pax_fw-la intra_fw-la parietes_fw-la suos_fw-la ut_fw-la regis_fw-la handgrith_n semper_fw-la inconvulsa_fw-la permaneat_fw-la cap._n 2._o siquis_fw-la christanitatem_fw-la svam_fw-la malè_fw-la mutat_fw-la vel_fw-la paganismum_fw-la veneretur_fw-la verbis_fw-la vel_fw-la operibus_fw-la reddat_fw-la sic_fw-la weram_fw-la sic_fw-la witam_n sic_fw-la lashlyte_n secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la sit_fw-la that_o be_v let_v he_o be_v fine_v and_o ransom_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o offence_n this_o noble_a king_n alfred_n who_o fight_v no_o less_o than_o 46_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n for_o his_o country_n liberty_n although_o he_o be_v involve_v in_o perpetual_a war_n and_o trouble_n with_o the_o danish_a invader_n all_o his_o day_n as_o our_o historian_n and_o this_o his_o 224._o epitaph_n demonstrate_v nobilitas_fw-la innata_fw-la tibi_fw-la probitatis_fw-la honorem_fw-la armipotens_fw-la alurede_fw-la dedit_fw-la probitasque_fw-la laborem_fw-la perpetuumque_fw-la labour_n nomen_fw-la cui_fw-la mixta_fw-la dolori_fw-la gandia_n semper_fw-la erant_fw-la spes_fw-la semper_fw-la mixta_fw-la timori_fw-la si_fw-la modò_fw-la victus_fw-la erat_fw-la ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la bella_fw-la parabat_fw-la si_fw-la modò_fw-la victor_n erat_fw-la ad_fw-la crastina_fw-la bella_fw-la pavebat_fw-la cui_fw-la vestes_fw-la sâ—dore_fw-la jugi_fw-la cui_fw-la sica_fw-la cruore_fw-la tincta_fw-la jugi_fw-la quantum_fw-la sit_fw-la onus_fw-la regnare_fw-la probarunt_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la immensi_fw-la quisquam_fw-la per_fw-la climata_fw-la mundi_fw-la cui_fw-la tot_fw-la in_o adversis_fw-la vel_fw-la respirare_fw-la liceret_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la aut_fw-la ferro_fw-la contritus_fw-la ponere_fw-la ferrum_fw-la aut_fw-la gladio_fw-la potuit_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la fivisse_fw-la labores_fw-la jam_fw-la post_fw-la transactos_fw-la regni_fw-la vitaeque_fw-la labores_fw-la christus_fw-la ei_fw-la fit_a vera_fw-la quies_fw-la sceptrumque_fw-la perenne_fw-fr yet_o 43._o these_o thing_n be_v remarkable_a in_o he_o 1._o that_o he_o most_o exact_o and_o just_o govern_v his_o people_n by_o and_o according_a to_o his_o and_o his_o predecessor_n know_v law_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o war_n not_o by_o the_o harsh_a law_n of_o conquest_n and_o the_o large_a sword_n 2._o that_o he_o advance_v learn_v and_o all_o sort_n of_o learned_a man_n erect_v school_n of_o learning_n and_o the_o famous_a university_n of_o oxford_n which_o he_o found_v or_o at_o least_o refound_v when_o decay_a in_o the_o heat_n of_o all_o his_o war_n and_o trouble_n 3._o that_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o spoil_v the_o church_n and_o churchman_n or_o any_o other_o his_o subject_n of_o their_o lanâ—s_n tithe_n or_o revenue_n to_o maintain_v his_o perpetual_a war_n against_o the_o impious_a pagan_a dane_n who_o destroy_v all_o church_n and_o religious_a as_o well_o as_o other_o house_n where_o ever_o they_o come_v that_o he_o not_o only_o repare_v adorn_v endow_v many_o old_a deoâ—yed_a church_n and_o monastery_n but_o likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 888_o he_o build_v two_o new_a monastery_n of_o his_o own_o at_o ethelingei_n and_o shafftesbury_n and_o endow_v they_o with_o ample_a riches_n and_o possession_n and_o by_o sundry_a charter_n give_v several_a land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o durham_n worcester_n and_o canterbury_z moreover_o he_o not_o only_o due_o pay_v tithe_n and_o other_o duty_n to_o the_o church_n himself_o but_o also_o by_o his_o law_n enjoin_v all_o his_o subject_n under_o sundry_a â—â—lcts_n just_o to_o pay_v tithe_n and_o churchel_n to_o their_o priest_n and_o minister_n with_o all_o other_o duite_n and_o oblation_n belongiug_v to_o the_o church_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o minister_n and_o god_n worship_n together_o with_o peterpence_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o english_a school_n at_o rome_n prohibit_v all_o man_n to_o invade_v the_o church_n right_n and_o possession_n under_o severe_a penalty_n 4._o that_o he_o equal_o divide_v all_o his_o annual_a revenue_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n the_o first_o moiety_n be_v for_o pious_a use_n which_o he_o subdivide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o parcel_n he_o bestow_v in_o alm_n to_o relieve_v the_o poor_a both_o at_o home_n and_o in_o foreign_a part_n the_o second_o he_o bestow_v on_o religious_a house_n and_o person_n the_o three_o he_o give_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o school_n scholar_n doctor_n and_o learned_a man_n of_o all_o sort_n resort_v to_o and_o liberal_o reward_v by_o he_o according_a to_o their_o merit_n the_o other_o moiety_n be_v for_o civil_a use_n which_o he_o likewise_o divide_v into_o 3_o equal_a portion_n the_o first_o he_o give_v unto_o his_o soldier_n who_o he_o divide_v into_o 3_o squadron_n the_o first_o squadron_n which_o be_v horse_n wait_v one_o month_n on_o he_o at_o his_o court_n as_o his_o lifeguard_n while_o the_o other_o two_o be_v employ_v in_o military_a expedition_n in_o the_o field_n and_o when_o their_o month_n expire_v they_o all_o return_v from_o the_o war_n and_o then_o another_o new_a company_n succeed_v they_o and_o when_o their_o month_n be_v end_v they_o return_v to_o their_o house_n the_o other_o company_n succeed_v they_o and_o so_o they_o successive_o keep_v their_o monthly_a course_n during_o all_o his_o reign_n be_v one_o month_n in_o actual_a service_n and_o two_o month_n at_o home_n about_o their_o own_o affair_n the_o second_o part_n he_o give_v to_o his_o workman_n and_o artificer_n of_o all_o sort_n skilful_a in_o all_o worldly_a affair_n the_o three_o part_n he_o give_v to_o stranger_n in_o royal_a gift_n and_o present_n and_o that_o as_o well_o to_o the_o rich_a as_o poor_a beside_o he_o have_v a_o very_a great_a care_n ne_fw-fr à _fw-fr vicecâ—mitibus_fw-la et_fw-la ministris_fw-la pauperes_fw-la opprimereâ—tur_fw-la et_fw-la indebiâ—is_fw-la exactionibos_fw-la gravarentur_fw-la that_o the_o poor_a people_n shall_v not_o be_v oppress_v by_o sheriff_n and_o other_o officer_n nor_o burden_a with_o unjust_a â—xactions_n or_o contribution_n 〈◊〉_d yea_o by_o his_o large_a aâ—mes_n and_o giâ—rs_n he_o â—ent_v to_o rome_n he_o
procure_v the_o english_a school_n to_o be_v free_v from_o all_o tax_n and_o tribute_n by_o the_o pope_n special_a bull._n and_o we_o never_o read_v he_o impose_v the_o least_o public_a tax_n upon_o his_o subject_n during_o all_o his_o war_n and_o exigence_n by_o his_o own_o regal_a power_n upon_o any_o pretext_n pell_o the_o enemy_n whereby_o the_o common_a people_n be_v so_o encourage_v and_o become_v such_o good_a soldier_n that_o if_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n they_o will_v fight_v and_o rout_n they_o rege_fw-la etiam_fw-la &_o ducibus_fw-la inconsultis_fw-la in_o certamen_fw-la ruerent_fw-la 3._o eisque_fw-la semper_fw-la numero_fw-la &_o scientia_fw-la praeliandi_fw-la praesâ—arent_fw-la ita_fw-la host_n contemptui_fw-la militibus_fw-la regi_fw-la risâ—i_fw-la erant_fw-la as_o malmesbury_n write_v the_o country_n people_n themselves_o fight_v with_o the_o dane_n at_o ligetune_n put_v they_o to_o â—light_n recover_v all_o the_o prey_n they_o have_v take_v and_o likewise_o the_o dane_n horse_n as_o they_o likewise_o do_v in_o some_o other_o part_n among_o other_o place_n this_o king_n repair_v the_o wall_n of_o colchester_n put_v warlike_a man_n in_o it_o &_o certum_fw-la eye_v stipendium_fw-la assignavit_fw-la and_o assign_v they_o a_o certain_a stipend_n as_o mat_n westm_n record_n neither_o he_o noâ—_n other_o our_o historian_n make_v mention_n of_o assign_a wage_n to_o any_o other_o garrison_n or_o soldier_n in_o that_o age_n at_o last_o the_o dane_n in_o most_o place_n throughout_o england_n perceive_v king_n edward_n power_n and_o wisdom_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n and_o patron_n and_o swear_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o as_o likewise_o do_v the_o king_n of_o scotland_n northumberland_n and_o wales_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 905._o this_o 5._o king_n edward_n 905._o assemble_v a_o synod_n of_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n as_o malmesbury_n or_o a_o great_a council_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o faithful_a people_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o style_v it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o gewisii_fw-la which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o enemy_n incursion_n have_v be_v destitute_a of_o a_o bishop_n for_o 7_o year_n space_n whereupon_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n in_o this_o council_n take_v good_a advice_n make_v this_o a_o holsom_a constitution_n that_o instead_o of_o 2_o bishop_n whereof_o one_o have_v his_o sea_n at_o winchester_n the_o other_o at_o schireburn_n 5_o bishop_n shall_v be_v create_v ne_o grex_n domini_fw-la absque_fw-la cura_fw-la pastorali_fw-la luporum_fw-la incursionibus_fw-la quateretur_fw-la whereupon_o they_o in_o this_o council_n elect_v 5_o bishop_n to_o wit_n frithstan_n for_o winchester_n athelin_n for_o schireburn_n aedulfe_n for_o wells_n werstan_n for_o crideton_n and_o herstan_n for_o cornwall_n assign_v they_o their_o several_a see_v and_o diocese_n and_o two_o other_o bishop_n for_o dorchester_n and_o cirencester_n all_o consecrate_a by_o archbishop_n plegmond_n at_o canterbury_n in_o one_o day_n wil._n of_o malmesb._n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v upon_o the_o letter_n of_o popeâ—ormosus_fw-la â—ormosus_z 6._o who_o excommunicate_v king_n edward_n with_o all_o his_o subject_n for_o suffer_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winton_n and_o scireburn_n to_o be_v void_a for_o 7_o year_n space_n together_o but_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n since_o pope_n â—ormosus_fw-la be_v dead_a ten_o year_n before_o this_o council_n and_o before_o these_o bishopric_n become_v void_a and_o his_o pretend_a epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o king_n as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n well_o observe_v in_o the_o year_n 906._o 921._o king_n edward_n make_v a_o peace_n and_o 921._o firm_a agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n of_o northumberland_n and_o east-england_n at_o intingford_n when_o as_o some_o think_v he_o and_o guthurn_n the_o dane_n reconfirm_v the_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n former_o make_v and_o ratify_v by_o his_o father_n king_n alfred_n and_o guthurn_n but_o guthurn_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 890_o full_o eleven_o year_n before_o this_o edward_n be_v king_n can_v not_o possible_o ratify_v these_o law_n at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o accord_n be_v 16_o year_n after_o his_o decease_n as_o the_o title_n and_o prologue_n to_o those_o law_n in_o mr._n lambard_n and_o spelman_n erroneous_o affirm_v wherefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o this_o confirmation_n of_o these_o law_n be_v rather_o make_v in_o 5._o the_o year_n 921._o when_o all_o our_o historian_n record_v that_o after_o king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 910._o have_v send_v a_o army_n into_o northumberland_n against_o the_o perfidious_a and_o rebellious_a dane_n slay_v and_o take_v many_o of_o they_o prisoner_n and_o miserable_o waste_v their_o country_n for_o 4_o day_n space_n for_o break_v their_o former_a agreement_n with_o he_o after_o his_o sister_n aegelâ—led_v an._n 919._o have_v force_v the_o dane_n at_o york_n to_o agree_v and_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o she_o and_o her_o brother_n pleasure_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o after_o edward_n have_v vanquish_v the_o other_o dane_n scotch_a and_o welsh_a in_o many_o battle_n thereupon_o in_o the_o yeat_a 921._o the_o king_n of_o scot_n with_o all_o his_o nation_n stredded_a king_n of_o wales_n with_o all_o his_o people_n et_fw-fr regnaldus_n or_o reginaldus_n reginald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n with_o all_o the_o english_a and_o dane_n inhabit_v northumberland_n of_o which_o reginald_n then_o be_v king_n come_v to_o king_n edward_n an._n 921._o submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o father_n and_o lord_n and_o make_v a_o firm_a covenant_n with_o he_o and_o therefore_o i_o conjecture_v that_o gnthurnus_n in_o the_o title_n and_o preface_n of_o these_o law_n be_v either_o mistake_v or_o else_o miswritten_a for_o reginaldus_n then_o king_n of_o these_o northern_a dane_n who_o have_v no_o king_n in_o the_o year_n 906_o that_o i_o can_v read_v of_o in_o our_o historian_n 358._o abbot_n ethelred_n give_v this_o encomium_n of_o this_o king_n transcendent_a modesty_n and_o justice_n rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la vir_fw-la mansuetus_fw-la et_fw-la pius_fw-la omnibus_fw-la amabilis_fw-la et_fw-la affabilis_fw-la adeò_fw-la omnium_fw-la in_o se_fw-la provocabat_fw-la affectum_fw-la ut_fw-la scotti_n cumbri_n walenses_n northumbri_n et_fw-la qui_fw-la remanserant_fw-la daci_n eum_fw-la non_fw-la tà m_fw-la in_o dominum_fw-la ac_fw-la regem_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o patrem_fw-la eum_fw-la omni_fw-la devotione_fw-la eligerent_fw-la tanta_fw-la dehinc_fw-la modestia_fw-la regebat_fw-la subditos_fw-la tanta_fw-la justitia_fw-la inter_fw-la proximum_fw-la et_fw-la proximum_fw-la judicabat_fw-la ut_fw-la contra_fw-la veritatem_fw-la non_fw-la dico_fw-la nihil_fw-la velle_fw-la sed_fw-la nec_fw-la posse_fw-la videretur_fw-la unde_fw-la fertur_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la iratus_fw-la dixisse_fw-la dico_fw-la vobis_fw-la si_fw-la possem_fw-la vicem_fw-la vobis_fw-la redidissem_fw-la quid_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n rex_fw-la in_o subditos_fw-la dominus_fw-la in_o servos_n potens_fw-la in_o infirmos_fw-la dux_n in_o milites_fw-la sed_fw-la quicquid_fw-la non_fw-la dictabat_fw-la aequitas_fw-la quicquid_fw-la veritati_fw-la repugnabat_fw-la quicquid_fw-la non_fw-la permittebat_fw-la justitia_fw-la quicquid_fw-la regiam_fw-la mansuetudinem_fw-la non_fw-la decebat_fw-la sibi_fw-la credebat_fw-la impossibile_fw-it i_o wish_v all_o our_o modern_a domineer_a grandee_n will_v imitate_v his_o presidential_a royal_a example_n yet_o i_o read_v of_o one_o injurious_a act_n do_v by_o he_o 835._o after_o the_o decease_n of_o his_o renown_a sister_n elfleda_n queen_n of_o mercia_n anno_fw-la 920._o he_o disinherited_a her_o only_a daughter_n alfwen_n or_o elwyn_n his_o own_o niece_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o all_o mercia_n who_o hold_v that_o kingdom_n after_o her_o mother_n seizing_z and_o garrison_v tamesworth_n and_o nottingham_n first_o and_o then_o disseise_v she_o of_o all_o mercia_n unite_n it_o to_o his_o own_o realm_n and_o remove_v she_o thence_o into_o west-sex_n magis_fw-la eurans_fw-la a_o utilitèr_fw-la vel_fw-la inutilitèr_fw-la quan_fw-mi a_o justè_fw-la vel_fw-la injustè_fw-fr write_v henry_n huntingdon_n 4._o which_o innrious_a action_n si_fw-mi violanda_fw-la sit_fw-la fides_fw-la regni_fw-la causâ_fw-la violandae_fw-la will_v not_o excuse_v the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n record_n that_o king_n edward_n as_o he_o enlarge_v the_o bound_n of_o his_o kingdom_n 837._o more_o than_o his_o father_n so_o leges_fw-la condidit_fw-la he_o likewise_o make_v law_n to_o govetn_v it_o which_o be_v there_o register_v to_o posterity_n in_o two_o parcel_n as_o make_v at_o several_a time_n but_o in_o what_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n this_o be_v it_o inform_v we_o not_o the_o first_o of_o these_o law_n declare_v his_o zeal_n to_o public_a justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n then_o in_o force_n be_v this_o edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la mandat_fw-la et_fw-la praecipit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la praefectis_fw-la et_fw-la amicis_fw-la suis_fw-la ut_fw-la justa_n judicia_fw-la judicent_fw-la quam_fw-la rectiora_fw-la possint_fw-la et_fw-la in_o judiciaâ—t_fw-la libro_fw-la stant_fw-la nec_fw-la parcant_fw-la nec_fw-la dissimulent_fw-la pro_fw-la anqua_fw-la
est_fw-la quod_fw-la episcopi_fw-la et_fw-la praepositi_fw-la 856._o qui_fw-la londoniensi_fw-la curiae_fw-la pertinent_a edixerunt_fw-la &_o jurejurando_fw-la confirmaverunt_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la fridgildo_n comites_fw-la &_o villani_fw-la in_o adjectione_n judiciorum_fw-la quae_fw-la apud_fw-la grateleyam_n &_o exoniam_fw-la instituta_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o iterum_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldam_n cap._n 1._o et_fw-la est_fw-la imprimis_fw-la haec_fw-la non_fw-la parcatur_fw-la alicui_fw-la latroni_fw-la supra_fw-la 12_o annos_fw-la et_fw-la supra_fw-la 12_o d._n de_fw-fr quo_fw-la verè_fw-la fuerit_fw-la inquisitum_fw-la quod_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la quin_fw-la occidatur_fw-la &_o capiatur_fw-la omne_fw-la quod_fw-la habet_fw-la etc._n etc._n cap_n 14._o nec_fw-la tacendum_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la praetereundum_fw-la si_fw-la dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la vel_fw-la praepositorum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la aliquis_fw-la ullum_fw-la augmentum_fw-la excogitare_fw-la possit_fw-la ad_fw-la nostrum_fw-la fridgildum_fw-la ut_fw-la hoc_fw-la gratanter_fw-la excipiamus_fw-la sicut_fw-la nobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la convenit_fw-la &_o nostrum_fw-la necesse_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o in_o deo_fw-la confidimus_fw-la et_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la domino_fw-la cap._n 15._o si_fw-mi totum_fw-la hoc_fw-la ita_fw-la complere_fw-la volumus_fw-la res_fw-la totius_fw-la populi_fw-la meliorabitur_fw-la contra_fw-la fures_fw-la quam_fw-la antea_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o si_fw-la remissius_fw-la egerimus_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o vadiis_fw-la quae_fw-la simul_fw-la dedimus_fw-la &_o quam_fw-la rex_fw-la nobis_fw-la praecipit_fw-la timere_fw-la possumus_fw-la vel_fw-la magis_fw-la scire_fw-la quod_fw-la fures_fw-la isti_fw-la regnabunt_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la antè_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la si_fw-la fidem_fw-la teneamus_fw-la et_fw-la pacem_fw-la sicut_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la placeat_fw-la quia_fw-la magnum_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la insistamus_fw-la et_fw-la peragamus_fw-la quoâ—_n ipse_fw-la velit_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la amplius_fw-la praecipiat_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la jocunditate_fw-la et_fw-la de_fw-la votione_fw-la parati_fw-la sum_fw-la we_o cap._n 17._o item_n quod_fw-la sapientes_fw-la omnes_fw-la dederunt_fw-la vadium_fw-la suum_fw-la insimul_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldam_n quando_fw-la ealpheagus_fw-la scyb_n et_fw-fr brithnodus_n odonis_fw-la filius_fw-la veneruut_n ad_fw-la concilium_fw-la ex_fw-la ore_fw-la regis_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la praepositus_fw-la vadium_fw-la capiat_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la comitatu_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la servandâ_fw-la sicut_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la apud_fw-la fefresham_n et_fw-la quartâ_fw-la vice_fw-la apud_fw-la thundresfeldam_n coram_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la et_fw-la episcopis_fw-la et_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la quas_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la nominavit_fw-la qui_fw-la interfuerunt_fw-la et_fw-la judicia_fw-la conservaverunt_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la concilio_n fuerunt_fw-la instituta_fw-la etc._n etc._n cap._n 18._o item_n quod_fw-la adelstanus_n rex_fw-la praecepit_fw-la episcopis_fw-la suis_fw-la et_fw-la praepositis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la regno_fw-la svo_fw-la ut_fw-la pacem_fw-la ita_fw-la custodiant_fw-la sicut_fw-la recitavit_fw-la et_fw-la sapientes_fw-la svi_fw-la cap._n 19_o item_n rex_fw-la dixit_fw-la nunc_fw-la iterum_fw-la apud_fw-la thitlanâ—_n birig_n sapientibus_fw-la suis_fw-la et_fw-la praecepit_fw-la ostendi_fw-la atchiepiscopo_n et_fw-la caeteris_fw-la episcopis_fw-la quod_fw-la ei_fw-la miserabile_fw-la videtur_fw-la quod_fw-la aliquis_fw-la tà m_fw-la juvenis_fw-la occidatur_fw-la vel_fw-la protà m_fw-la paruâ_fw-la re_fw-la sicut_fw-la innotuit_fw-la ei_fw-la quod_fw-la ubique_fw-la fiebat_fw-la dixit_fw-la itaque_fw-la quod_fw-la ei_fw-la videbatur_fw-la et_fw-la eye_n cum_fw-la quibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la egerat_fw-la ne_fw-la aliquis_fw-la occidatur_fw-la junior_a quam_fw-la quindecim_fw-la annorum_fw-la nisi_fw-la se_fw-la defendere_fw-la velit_fw-la vel_fw-la aufugere_fw-la et_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la ire_n velit_fw-la ut_fw-la tunc_fw-la deducatur_fw-la sic_fw-la major_n sit_fw-la minor_fw-la qualiscunque_fw-la sit_fw-la si_fw-la se_fw-la dederit_fw-la ponatur_fw-la in_o carcere_fw-la sicut_fw-la apud_fw-la greateleyam_n dictum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la per_fw-la idem_fw-la redimatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n praecepit_fw-la rex_fw-la ne_fw-la aliquis_fw-la occidatur_fw-la pro_fw-la minori_fw-la precio_fw-la quam_fw-la 12_o d._n nisi_fw-la fugiat_fw-la vel_fw-la repugnet_fw-la ne_fw-la dubitetur_fw-la tunc_fw-la licet_fw-la minus_fw-la si_fw-mi haec_fw-la ita_fw-la conservemus_fw-la in_fw-la domino_fw-la deo_fw-la confidimus_fw-la quod_fw-la pax_fw-la nostra_fw-la melior_fw-la erit_fw-la quam_fw-la antea_fw-la fuit_fw-la as_o these_o passage_n demonstrate_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o parliamenrary_a council_n in_o that_o age_n unknown_a to_o most_o for_o which_o end_n i_o have_v transcribe_v they_o at_o large_a so_o they_o clear_o prove_v that_o thief_n or_o felon_n much_o less_o other_o english_a freeman_n can_v not_o be_v imprison_v kill_v put_v to_o death_n fine_v or_o ransom_v but_o by_o special_a act_n and_o law_n make_v in_o general_n parliamentary_a 6._o council_n nor_o any_o law_n make_v enact_v or_o alter_v in_o such_o council_n but_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n thereto_o who_o then_o frequent_o summon_v they_o and_o all_o the_o member_n ofthem_fw-mi by_o writ_n and_o nomination_n without_o the_o people_n election_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n de_fw-fr eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 5._o and_o warwick_n some_o other_o fabulous_a author_n relate_v that_o in_o 932._o the_o eight_o year_n of_o king_n aethelstans_n reign_n olaus_n king_n of_o denmark_n golanus_fw-la king_n of_o norwey_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n with_o 8_o duke_n and_o 5_o hundred_o thousand_o soldier_n arrive_v in_o england_n bring_v with_o they_o out_o of_o 10._o africa_n a_o giant_n call_v colybrand_n the_o strong_a and_o most_o famous_a at_o that_o time_n throughout_o the_o world_n whereupon_o king_n aethelstan_n hear_v of_o their_o come_n congregavit_fw-la magnates_fw-la assemble_v his_o nobleman_n at_o winchester_n to_o advice_n with_o they_o how_o they_o may_v resist_v the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v with_o they_o in_o battle_n thar_z while_n king_n aethelstan_n vacaret_fw-la tali_fw-la coneilio_fw-la et_fw-la congregatione_fw-la populi_fw-la svi_fw-la in_o wintonia_n the_o foresay_a king_n come_v upon_o he_o with_o their_o army_n and_o besiege_v he_o cum_fw-la baronia_fw-la sua_fw-la with_o his_o baton_n in_o that_o city_n for_o two_o year_n space_n neither_o dare_v the_o english_a sight_n with_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o multitude_n and_o power_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o make_v this_o agteement_n that_o king_n aethelstan_n shall_v find_v out_o one_o champion_n to_o fight_v a_o single_a duel_n with_o colybrand_n that_o in_o all_o future_a time_n the_o realm_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n under_o a_o tribute_n and_o if_o colybrand_n be_v conquer_v by_o aethelstans_n champion_n rhen_n olaus_n shall_v forfeit_v and_o disclaim_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o no_o king_n of_o denmark_n shall_v afterward_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n nor_o yet_o molest_v it_o that_o the_o king_n in_o near_a one_o whole_a year_n space_n can_v not_o find_v out_o a_o champion_n to_o encounter_v colybrand_n whereupon_o he_o and_o his_o noble_n be_v very_o much_o trouble_v at_o last_o god_n by_o a_o angel_n from_o heaven_n direct_v the_o king_n to_o sin_v out_o guy_n of_o warwick_n come_v thither_o as_o a_o pilgrim_n who_o undertake_v to_o encounter_v colybrand_n and_o after_o a_o sharp_a battle_n with_o he_o in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o king_n and_o their_o army_n cut_v off_o one_o of_o his_o hand_n and_o after_o that_o his_o head_n by_o which_o victory_n the_o whole_a land_n of_o england_n enjoy_v the_o unviolated_a privilege_n of_o rest_n and_o liberty_n from_o the_o danish_a king_n until_o cnute_n king_n of_o denmark_n gain_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n from_o edmund_n ironside_n but_o this_o relation_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o history_n and_o the_o stream_n of_o all_o our_o historiographer_n i_o shall_v repute_v it_o mere_o fabulous_a though_o i_o can_v not_o well_o omit_v it_o for_o that_o relation_n it_o have_v to_o this_o my_o theme_n and_o precedent_a proposition_n 378._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o out_o of_o he_o record_n that_o elfrid_n a_o noble_a man_n who_o oppose_v aethelstans_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o in_o vain_a intend_v to_o have_v seize_v on_o he_o at_o winchester_n and_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n but_o his_o treason_n be_v discover_v before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o accomplishment_n he_o be_v take_v and_o send_v to_o rome_n to_o purge_v himself_o by_o oath_n where_o before_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o pope_n john_n the_o 10_o he_o abjure_v the_o fact_n and_o thereupon_o fall_v sudden_o down_o dead_a to_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v carry_v from_o before_o the_o altar_n by_o his_o servant_n to_o the_o english_a school_n he_o there_o die_v within_o three_o day_n after_o upon_o this_o the_o pope_n send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o 10._o advise_v what_o he_o shall_v do_v with_o he_o and_o whether_o he_o shall_v allow_v he_o burial_n with_o other_o christian_a corpse_n the_o king_n hereupon_o assemble_v a_o council_n of_o his_o noble_n to_o advise_v about_o it_o optimates_fw-la regionis_fw-la the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n with_o a_o great_a company_n of_o elfrids_n kindred_n earnest_o request_v of_o the_o king_n with_o great_a humility_n that_o his_o body_n may_v
be_v commit_v to_o christian_a burial_n the_o king_n consent_v to_o their_o request_n acquaint_v the_o pope_n therewith_o who_o grant_v he_o christian_a burial_n though_o unworthy_a hereupon_o the_o noble_n adjudge_v all_o his_o land_n and_o possession_n great_a and_o small_a to_o the_o king_n who_o by_o their_o consent_n grant_v and_o confirm_v they_o all_o to_o the_o abbey_n 10._o of_o malmesbury_n by_o his_o charter_n wherein_o he_o recite_v sciant_fw-la sapientes_fw-la regionis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la non_fw-la have_v praefatas_fw-la terras_fw-la i_o injustè_fw-fr rapuisse_fw-la rapinamque_fw-la deo_fw-la dedicasse_fw-la sed_fw-la sic_fw-la eas_fw-la accepi_fw-la quemadmodum_fw-la judicaverunt_fw-la omnes_fw-la optimates_fw-la regni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la insuper_fw-la et_fw-la apostolicus_n papa_n romanae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la johannes_n after_o which_o recite_v the_o treachery_n perjury_n and_o death_n of_o elfred_n with_o his_o condescension_n to_o his_o noble_n and_o friend_n request_v aforesaid_a he_o conclude_v thus_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la adjudicata_fw-la est_fw-la mihi_fw-la tota_fw-la possessio_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o magnis_fw-la et_fw-la modicis_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la haec_fw-la apicibus_fw-la praenotamus_fw-la literarum_fw-la ne_fw-fr quamdin_fw-fr christianitas_fw-la regnat_fw-la aboleatur_fw-la unde_fw-la mihi_fw-la praefata_fw-la possessio_fw-la quam_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la sancto_fw-it petro_n dedi_fw-la donatur_fw-la nec_fw-la justius_fw-la novi_fw-la quam_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la sancto_fw-la petro_n hanc_fw-la possessionem_fw-la dare_v qâ—i_fw-la aemulum_fw-la meum_fw-la in_o conspecta_fw-la omnium_fw-la cadere_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la et_fw-la mihi_fw-la prosperitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la largiti_fw-la sunt_fw-la to_o which_o malmesbury_n subjoin_v in_o his_o verbis_fw-la regis_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la et_fw-la piotatem_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o dei_fw-la rebus_fw-la suspicere_fw-la par_fw-fr est_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la animadverterat_fw-la juvenis_fw-la presertim_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiosum_fw-la de_fw-la rapinâ_fw-la holocaustum_fw-la pietatem_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la munus_fw-la ultione_fw-la divinâ_fw-la collatum_fw-la deo_fw-la potissimum_fw-la non_fw-la ingratus_fw-la rependeret_fw-la from_o whence_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o elfrid_n be_v a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n die_v perjure_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v adjudge_v to_o forfeir_n all_o his_o land_n for_o treason_n after_o his_o death_n only_o by_o his_o peer_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o that_o if_o the_o king_n have_v seize_v on_o they_o without_o their_o judgement_n it_o have_v be_v a_o unjust_a rapine_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n but_o be_v legal_o confiscate_v to_o he_o by_o their_o judgement_n it_o be_v no_o rapine_n but_o justice_n for_o he_o to_o seize_v and_o piety_n to_o dispose_v of_o they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o this_o church_n what_o church_n and_o monastery_n he_o build_v and_o repair_v throughout_o the_o realm_n what_o land_n he_o restore_v to_o st._n augustine_n church_n at_o canterbury_n on_o the_o day_n of_o his_o coronation_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n though_o long_o detain_v from_o it_o and_o how_o he_o give_v the_o land_n of_o folcastan_n in_o kent_n escheat_v by_o the_o dane_n destruction_n of_o the_o nunnery_n there_o to_o christchurch_n in_o canterbury_n you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o etc._n marginal_a author_n 878._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n inform_v we_o that_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n send_v ambassador_n by_o hugh_n king_n of_o france_n to_o king_n ethelstan_n to_o demand_v his_o sister_n for_o his_o wife_n bring_v over_o with_o he_o divers_a rich_a present_n and_o relic_n among_o other_o the_o sword_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o lance_z of_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o one_o of_o the_o 4_o nail_n that_o pierce_v our_o saviour_n body_n set_v in_o plate_n of_o gold_n a_o piece_n of_o our_o saviour_n cross_n enclose_v in_o a_o crystal_n case_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o he_o present_v to_o the_o king_n and_o lady_n come_v in_o conventu_fw-la procerum_fw-la apud_fw-la abindonium_fw-la proci_fw-la postulata_fw-la exhibuisset_fw-la which_o intimate_v that_o this_o king_n consult_v with_o a_o assembly_n of_o his_o noble_n about_o his_o sister_n marriage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n as_o a_o mater_fw-la of_o parliamentary_a consideration_n ingulphus_n hist_o p._n 876_o 877_o 878._o record_n that_o turketulus_n be_v his_o chancellor_n and_o chief_a counsellor_n who_o affect_v not_o honour_n and_o riches_n refuse_v many_o bishopric_n offer_v he_o by_o the_o king_n tanquam_fw-la tendiculas_fw-la satanae_n ad_fw-la animas_fw-la everâ—endas_fw-la and_o will_v never_o accept_v of_o any_o bishishoprick_n all_o his_o life_n be_v content_a only_o with_o his_o own_o land_n and_o wage_n that_o all_o his_o decree_n be_v so_o just_a and_o legal_a that_o they_o remain_v irrevocable_a when_o once_o make_v that_o he_o be_v a_o great_a soldier_n and_o fight_v most_o valiant_o against_o the_o dane_n and_o often_o glory_v and_o say_v he_o be_v most_o happy_a in_o this_o that_o he_o have_v never_o murder_v nor_o maim_v any_o one_o cu_z â—ugâ—…_n pro_fw-la patria_fw-la &_o maximè_fw-la contra_fw-la paganos_fw-la licite_fw-la cuique_fw-la possit_fw-la he_o esteem_v the_o slaughter_n of_o such_o â—agan_a enemy_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n lawful_a and_o no_o murder_n nor_o maim_n king_n aeckelstan_n decease_a without_o iâ—ue_n his_o brother_n 940._o edmund_n succeed_v he_o an._n 940._o who_o upon_o the_o 946._o false_a suggestion_n of_o some_o of_o his_o soldier_n and_o courtier_n dedeprive_v dunstan_n who_o he_o have_v make_v his_o chancellor_n and_o one_o of_o his_o privy_a conâ—cil_n yea_o rank_v among_o the_o royal_a palaâ—ines_n and_o prince_n of_o his_o realm_n of_o all_o his_o dignity_n and_o office_n the_o very_a next_o day_n after_o be_v like_a to_o 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loss_n on_o both_o side_n odo_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o welstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n perceive_v the_o danger_n on_o both_o part_n and_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o realm_n make_v this_o agreement_n between_o they_o that_o anlaffe_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a north-east_n part_n of_o england_n lie_v north_n of_o waâ—lingstreet_n and_o edmund_n all_o the_o southern_a part_n thereof_o during_o their_o joint_a life_n and_o the_o survivor_n of_o they_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a realm_n after_o the_o other_o decease_n but_o anlaffe_n soon_o after_o waste_v the_o church_n of_o st._n balter_n and_o burn_a tivinagham_n with_o fire_n be_v present_o seize_v on_o by_o god_n avenge_a judgement_n and_o miserable_o end_v his_o life_n about_o the_o year_n 940._o etc._n hoel_n dha_n prince_n of_o all_o wales_n send_v for_o six_o layman_n eminent_a for_o authority_n and_o knowledge_n out_o of_o every_o kemut_n or_o hundred_o of_o his_o realm_n and_o 940._o all_o the_o 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optimas_fw-la vel_fw-la alius_fw-la so_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o those_o time_n not_o only_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o even_o the_o petty_a king_n of_o wales_n be_v by_o their_o very_a natural_a and_o royal_a dignity_n exempt_v from_o all_o personal_a trial_n and_o judgement_n against_o they_o in_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n see_v they_o have_v no_o peer_n to_o be_v try_v by_o in_o the_o year_n 940_o 24._o reingwald_n or_o reginald_n the_o dane_n come_v
with_o a_o great_a navy_n into_o northumberland_n slay_v most_o of_o the_o best_a inhabitant_n of_o that_o realm_n or_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o it_o he_o likewise_o seize_v upon_o all_o the_o land_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n and_o give_v his_o land_n to_o two_o of_o his_o soldier_n one_o of_o they_o call_v scula_n who_o afflict_v the_o miserable_a inhabitant_n with_o grievous_a and_o intolerable_a tribute_n whence_o even_o unto_o this_o day_n the_o yorkshire-man_n 4._o as_o often_o at_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o pay_v tributum_fw-la regale_n a_o royal_a tribute_n endeavour_v to_o impose_v a_o pecuniary_a mulct_n on_o the_o land_n which_o this_o scula_n possess_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o themselves_o scilicet_fw-la legem_fw-la deputant_fw-la quod_fw-la paganus_fw-la per_fw-la tyrannidem_fw-la fecerat_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la legitimo_fw-la regi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sed_fw-la barbaro_fw-la et_fw-la aliegenae_fw-la et_fw-la regis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la hosti_fw-la militabat_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la quamvis_fw-la multum_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la laboraverint_fw-la pravam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la huc_fw-la usque_fw-la sancto_fw-it cuthberto_n resistente_fw-la introducere_fw-la potuerunt_fw-la write_v simeon_n dunelmensis_n the_o other_o part_n of_o those_o land_n one_o onlasbald_a seize_v upon_o who_o be_v much_o more_o cruel_a and_o oppressive_a to_o all_o man_n than_o scula_n extraordinary_o vex_v the_o bishop_n congregation_n and_o people_n of_o saint_n cuthbert_n and_o particular_o seize_v upon_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o bishopric_n whereupon_o the_o bishop_n oft_o endeavour_v by_o persuasion_n to_o draw_v he_o to_o god_n and_o entreat_v he_o to_o lay_v aside_o the_o obstinate_a rigour_n of_o his_o mind_n and_o refrain_v himself_o from_o the_o unlawful_a invasion_n of_o the_o church_n land_n else_o if_o he_o contemn_v his_o admonition_n god_n and_o st._n cuthbert_n will_v severe_o avenge_v the_o injury_n do_v by_o he_o to_o they_o and_o other_o he_o with_o a_o diabolical_a mind_n contemn_v his_o admonition_n and_o threat_n swear_v by_o his_o heathen_a god_n that_o he_o will_v from_o thenceforth_o be_v a_o more_o bitter_a enemy_n towards_o st._n cuthbert_n and_o they_o all_o than_o ever_o he_o be_v before_o whereupon_o the_o bishop_n with_o all_o his_o monk_n fall_v prostrare_fw-la on_o the_o earth_n earnest_o pray_v to_o god_n and_o his_o holy_a confestor_n to_o annul_v those_o proud_a tyrant_n threat_n who_o be_v then_o come_v into_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v pray_v have_v one_o foot_n within_o the_o door_n and_o the_o other_o without_o in_o which_o posture_n he_o stand_v there_o immovable_o fix_v as_o if_o both_o his_o foot_n have_v be_v nail_v be_v able_a neither_o to_o go_v out_o nor_o come_v in_o but_o stand_v immovable_a till_o be_v long_o thus_o torture_v he_o there_o give_v up_o his_o miserable_a soul_n in_o the_o place_n with_o which_o example_n all_o other_o be_v terrify_v will_v no_o further_o presâ—me_v by_o any_o mean_n to_o invade_v the_o land_n nor_o any_o thing_n else_o belong_v of_o right_a to_o the_o church_n edm._n anno_fw-la 941._o the_o rebellion_n o_o northumberlanders_n 941._o prefer_v disloyalty_n before_o the_o fealty_n which_o they_o owe_v unto_o magnificent_a edmund_n king_n of_o england_n elect_a anlaff_n king_n of_o the_o norwegians_n for_o their_o king_n son_n to_o the_o former_a anlaff_n who_o perish_v sudden_o for_o his_o sacrilege_n as_o aforesaid_a he_o and_o reginald_n the_o son_n of_o garthfrith_n after_o their_o baptism_n break_v their_o faith_n and_o agreement_n with_o king_n edmund_n by_o invade_v his_o dominion_n edmund_z thereupon_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n expel_v they_o both_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n of_o northumberland_n and_o unite_v it_o to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o wrest_v lincoln_n nottingham_n dorby_n leicester_n and_o stamford_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n oâ—_n the_o usurp_a insolent_a oppre_a dane_n with_o all_o mercia_n subdue_a and_o reduce_v the_o monarchy_n of_o all_o england_n unto_o himself_o extirpate_v all_o the_o pagan_a dane_n with_o their_o infidelity_n restore_v christianity_n to_o its_o lustre_n and_o the_o english_a to_o their_o possession_n and_o liberty_n the_o year_n follow_v he_o waste_v and_o subdue_v all_o cumberland_n and_o pillage_v the_o people_n of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o because_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n be_v perfidam_fw-la &_o legibus_fw-la insolitam_fw-la perfidious_a and_o unaccustomed_a to_o law_n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o total_o subdue_v and_o civilize_v they_o have_v harrow_v it_o with_o his_o army_n and_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o two_o son_n of_o dummail_n king_n thereof_o he_o give_v 7._o the_o country_n to_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v assist_v he_o and_o defend_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o invade_a enemy_n this_o king_n edmund_n after_o the_o conquest_n and_o expulsion_n 944._o of_o his_o enemy_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o dunston_n and_o his_o chancellor_n turketulus_n 878._o make_v good_a law_n and_o ordinance_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a for_o the_o government_n of_o his_o realm_n for_o which_o purpose_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 944_o he_o assemble_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o the_o clergy_n &_o laity_n at_o london_n to_o consult_v and_o advise_v with_o they_o in_o the_o make_n of_o his_o law_n which_o the_o proem_n to_o they_o thus_o expresâ—e_a edmundus_n rex_fw-la ipso_fw-la solenni_fw-la pascatis_fw-la festo_fw-la frequentem_fw-la londini_fw-la tam_fw-la ecclesiasticorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la caetum_fw-la celebravit_fw-la as_o one_o version_n out_o of_o the_o saxon_a or_o congregavit_fw-la magnam_fw-la synodum_fw-la dei_fw-la ordinis_fw-la et_fw-la saeculi_fw-la as_o another_o translation_n render_v it_o cui_fw-la interfuit_fw-la odo_n et_fw-la wulstanus_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la et_fw-la alii_fw-la plures_fw-la episcopi_fw-la ut_fw-la animorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la et_fw-la eorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la qui_fw-la eye_n curae_fw-la sunt_fw-la consuleretur_fw-la 5._o saluti_fw-la and_o this_o proem_n of_o king_n edmund_n himself_z thus_o second_v supra_fw-la ego_fw-la edmundus_n rex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o ditione_n ac_fw-la potestate_fw-la meâ_fw-la sunt_fw-la senibus_fw-la &_o juvenibus_fw-la clarè_v signisico_fw-la i_fw-mi à _fw-la scientissimis_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la in_o celebri_fw-la ecclesiasticorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la frequentiâ_fw-la studiosè_fw-la requisivisse_fw-la quo_fw-la tandem_fw-la pacto_fw-la christiana_n proveheretur_fw-la side_n etc._n etc._n or_o mando_n &_o praecipio_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o juniorum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o region_fw-la measunt_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la investigans_fw-la investigavi_fw-la cum_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la clericis_fw-la &_o laicis_fw-la in_o this_o council_n there_o be_v three_o parcel_n of_o law_n make_v the_o one_o mere_o ecclesiastical_a the_o other_o mere_o civil_a the_o three_o mix_v of_o boâ—h_n and_o in_o this_o council_n i_o conceive_v the_o constitution_n of_o archbishop_n odo_n be_v read_v and_o ratify_v the_o great_a parâ—_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o make_v be_v against_o murder_n bloodshed_n fight_v breach_n of_o peace_n theft_n and_o perjury_n in_o the_o last_o parcel_n of_o these_o law_n cap._n 5._o the_o king_n give_v god_n and_o they_o thanks_o for_o assist_v he_o in_o make_v these_o law_n in_o these_o word_n maximas_fw-la autem_fw-la &_o deo_fw-la &_o vobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ago_o gratias_fw-la qui_fw-la i_o auxilio_fw-la vestro_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la pacis_fw-la quam_fw-la nunc_fw-la ad_fw-la profligandos_fw-mi sure_n 5._o sancivimus_fw-la lege_fw-la adjuvistis_fw-la ac_fw-la vehementèr_fw-la consido_fw-la eo_fw-la vos_fw-la propensius_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la opitulaturos_fw-la quo_fw-la huius_fw-la decreti_fw-la observatio_fw-la magis_fw-la videbitur_fw-la necessaria_fw-la about_o the_o same_o year_n 944._o 859._o this_o king_n assemble_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o wiseman_n at_o culinton_n where_o they_o enact_v 7_o other_o law_n principal_o against_o thief_n together_o with_o a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n edmund_n thus_o prefaced_a haec_fw-la est_fw-la 7._o institutio_fw-la quam_fw-la edmunds_n rex_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la svi_fw-la cum_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la suis_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la apud_fw-la culintoniam_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o juramento_fw-la faciendo_fw-la the_o two_o first_o of_o these_o law_n i_o shall_v transcribe_v as_o pertinent_a to_o my_o theme_n cap._n 1._o imprimis_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la jurent_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la domini_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la sanctum_fw-la illud_fw-la sanctum_fw-la est_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la edmuudo_fw-la regi_fw-la sicut_fw-la homo_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la fidelis_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la sine_fw-la omni_fw-la controversiâ_fw-la &_o seditione_n in_o manifesto_fw-la in_fw-la occulto_fw-la in_fw-la amando_fw-la quod_fw-la amabit_fw-la nolendo_fw-la 7._o quod_fw-la noluit_fw-la et_fw-la antequam_fw-la juramentum_fw-la hoc_fw-la dabitur_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la concelet_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o fratre_fw-la vel_fw-la proximo_fw-la svo_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o extraneo_fw-la cap._n 2._o vult_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la ubi_fw-la sur_fw-fr pro_fw-la certo_fw-la cognoscetur_fw-la twelfhindi_n et_fw-fr twifhindi_n that_o be_v meu_fw-la of_o
periculum_fw-la ducitâ—â—_n in_fw-la itinere_fw-la obvium_fw-la habuerit_fw-la potestatem_fw-la habeat_fw-la eripiendi_fw-la eum_fw-la ab_fw-la imminen_n i_fw-it periculo_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la regno_fw-la meo_fw-la the_o old_a charter_n begin_v thus_o in_o nomine_fw-la domini_fw-la nostri_fw-la jesus_n christi_fw-la quamvis_fw-la decreta_fw-la pontificum_fw-la &_o verba_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la inconvulsis_fw-la ligaminibus_fw-la velut_fw-la fundamenta_fw-la montium_fw-la fixa_fw-la sunt_fw-la tamen_fw-la plerumque_fw-la tempestatibus_fw-la &_o turbinibus_fw-la saecularium_fw-la rerum_fw-la religio_fw-la sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la maculis_fw-la reproborum_fw-la dissipatur_fw-la ac_fw-la â—…itur_fw-la iccirco_fw-mi profuâ—…_n succedentibus_fw-la posteris_fw-la esse_fw-la decrevimus_fw-la ut_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la salubri_fw-la consilio_fw-la et_fw-la communi_fw-la assensu_fw-la definiuntur_fw-la nostris_fw-la literis_fw-la roborata_fw-la firmentur_fw-la etc._n etc._n hoc_fw-la itaque_fw-la dunstano_fw-la doroberniensi_fw-la at_o que_fw-fr oswaldo_n eboracensi_fw-la episcopo_fw-la adhortantibus_fw-la consentiente_fw-la etiamer_n annuente_fw-la 10._o brithelmo_n fontanensi_fw-la episcopo_fw-la caeterisque_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la et_fw-la primatibus_fw-la ego_fw-la edgar_n divina_fw-la dâ—â—poâ—…one_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o conclude_v thus_o acta_fw-la est_fw-la haec_fw-la privilegii_fw-la â—aginâ—_n &_o confirmata_fw-la apud_fw-la londonium_n communi_fw-la concilio_n omnium_fw-la primatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la then_o follow_v the_o subscription_n of_o king_n egar_n alfgina_fw-la his_o mother_n prince_z edward_z kindred_n king_n of_o scot_n mascusius_n the_o chief_a admiral_n both_o the_o archbishop_n 6_o bishop_n 8_o abbot_n 3_o duke_n and_o other_o officer_n which_o charter_n and_o privilege_n at_o the_o king_n request_n be_v ratify_v by_o pope_n john_n the_o 13_o in_o a_o general_a council_n at_o rome_n anno_fw-la dom._n 971._o by_o a_o special_a bull_n that_o they_o may_v remain_v inviolable_a yet_o both_o the_o abbey_n itself_o land_n privilege_n be_v long_o since_o demolish_v dissipate_v annihilate_v such_o be_v the_o mutabiliunity_n of_o all_o sublunary_a thing_n the_o self_n same_o year_n anno_fw-la 970._o 883._o king_n edgar_z by_o his_o charter_n grant_v and_o confirm_v sundry_a land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o medeshamsted_n former_o demolish_v by_o the_o dane_n which_o bishop_n aethelwold_n have_v repair_v and_o name_v burgh_n perpetual_o exempt_n it_o from_o all_o episcopal_a jurisdiction_n yoke_n and_o exaction_n quatenus_fw-la nec_fw-la rex_fw-la nec_fw-la comes_fw-la nec_fw-la episcopus_fw-la praeter_fw-la christianâ—â—atem_fw-la attinentium_fw-la parochiarum_fw-la nec_fw-la vicecome_fw-la nec_fw-la ulla_fw-la alia_fw-la major_a minorve_fw-la persona_fw-la ulla_fw-la dominatione_fw-la occupari_fw-la praesumat_fw-la excepta_fw-la moderata_fw-la expeditione_n &_o pontis_fw-la arcisve_fw-la constructione_n which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o king_n own_o subscription_n both_o the_o archbishop_n sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o other_o chief_a officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n after_o each_o of_o their_o name_n in_o the_o year_n 973._o 426_o king_n edgar_z after_o his_o seven_o 973._o year_n penance_n expire_v on_o the_o feast_n of_o pentecost_n in_o the_o 12_o 30_o year_n of_o his_o age_n be_v solemn_o crown_v and_o consecrate_a king_n and_o wear_v his_o crown_n with_o great_a glory_n at_o akemancester_n alias_o bath_n both_o the_o archbishop_n dunstan_n and_o oswald_n with_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n ac_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la universis_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v there_o preâ—ent_a at_o his_o coronation_n and_o receive_v the_o accustom_a gift_n usual_o give_v to_o the_o noble_n be_v at_o such_o inauguration_n soon_o after_o the_o same_o year_n this_o king_n with_o a_o very_a great_a fleet_n and_o army_n sail_v round_o about_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n come_v to_o westchester_n where_o his_o eight_o tributary_n king_n or_o viceroy_n namely_o kyne_v king_n of_o scot_n malcome_n king_n of_o cumberland_n marcus_n king_n of_o man_n and_o many_o other_o land_n and_o the_o other_o 5_o king_n of_o wales_n dufnall_n siferth_n howel_n james_n and_o juchill_n meet_v he_o as_o he_o have_v command_v they_o and_o swear_v alleâ—i_fw-mi nce_n to_o he_o in_o these_o word_n that_o they_o will_v be_v faithful_a and_o assist_v to_o he_o both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n which_o do_v he_o on_o a_o certain_a day_n enter_v with_o they_o into_o a_o barge_n and_o place_v they_o at_o the_o oar_n himself_o take_v the_o helm_n and_o steer_v the_o barge_n very_o skilful_o while_o they_o row_v it_o down_o the_o river_n of_o dee_n from_o his_o palace_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n john_n bapist_n on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o his_o duke_n and_o noble_n follow_v and_o accompany_v he_o in_o other_o barge_n where_o have_v make_v his_o prayer_n they_o all_o row_v he_o thence_o back_o again_o in_o like_a pomp_n to_o his_o royal_a palace_n which_o 974._o when_o he_o have_v enter_v he_o say_v to_o his_o noble_n that_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n may_v then_o say_v he_o be_v king_n of_o england_n when_o with_o so_o many_o king_n follow_v and_o subject_a to_o he_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o like_a pomp_n and_o power_n but_o mr._n fox_n subjoin_v in_o my_o mind_n this_o king_n have_v say_v much_o better_o god_n forbid_v that_o i_o shall_v glory_v in_o any_o thing_n but_o in_o the_o cross_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n 884._o the_o year_n follow_v an._n 974._o certain_a merchant_n come_v from_o york_n arrive_v in_o the_o islle_v of_o thanet_n in_o kent_n where_o they_o be_v present_o take_v by_o the_o islander_n and_o spoil_v of_o all_o their_o good_n which_o king_n edgar_n be_v inform_v of_o be_v so_o far_o incense_v against_o these_o plunderer_n that_o he_o spoil_v they_o of_o all_o their_o 4._o good_n and_o deprive_v some_o of_o they_o of_o their_o life_n which_o huntingdon_n and_o bromton_n thus_o record_v rex_fw-la edgarus_n undecimo_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la jussit_fw-la praedari_fw-la insulam_fw-la tenet_n quia_fw-la jure_fw-la regalia_z spreverant_fw-la non_fw-la ut_fw-la host_n be_v insaniens_fw-la sed_fw-la ut_fw-la rex_fw-la malo_fw-la mala_fw-la puniens_fw-la the_o same_o year_n as_o 28._o malmesbury_n etc._n ingulphus_n and_o 489._o other_o write_v king_n edgar_z by_o his_o regal_a charter_n cause_v the_o secular_a priest_n to_o be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o monastery_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o introduce_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n restore_v to_o they_o the_o land_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o monastery_n which_o the_o secular_a priest_n former_o enjoy_v and_o have_v lease_v 〈◊〉_d &_o that_o upon_o a_o full_a hear_n before_o the_o wiseman_n bishop_n &_o other_o in_o his_o presence_n most_o 6_o likely_a in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o this_o clause_n in_o his_o charter_n intimate_v haec_fw-la a_o praedictis_fw-la accommodata_fw-la clericis_fw-la a_o contensioso_n possessa_fw-la est_fw-la edebnoto_fw-la sed_fw-la superstitiosa_fw-la subtilique_fw-la ejus_fw-la disceptatione_n asapientibns_fw-la meis_fw-la audita_fw-la et_fw-la conflictatione_fw-la illius_fw-la mendosa_fw-la ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la i_o praesente_fw-la convicta_fw-la monasteriali_fw-la a_o i_o reaâ—_n â—a_o est_fw-la usui_fw-la if_o the_o council_n of_o winchester_n hereafter_o cite_v anno_fw-la 975._o be_v hold_v in_o king_n edgar_n life_n time_n as_o 491._o some_o affirm_v most_o probable_o this_o debate_n here_o mention_v touch_v these_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o and_o before_o that_o council_n and_o this_o charter_n therein_o make_v and_o ratify_v with_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o duke_n thereto_o annex_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n although_o king_n other_o edgar_n in_o his_o young_a day_n be_v subject_a to_o many_o vice_n and_o commit_v some_o injurious_a tyrannical_a act_n record_v by_o malmesbury_n fox_n speed_n and_o other_o yet_o repent_v of_o these_o his_o youthful_a lustful_a vice_n he_o prove_v such_o a_o just_a and_o prudent_a king_n that_o other_o our_o historian_n of_o elder_n and_o late_a age_n give_v these_o large_a encomium_n of_o his_o justice_n prudence_n piety_n virtue_n and_o politic_a government_n worthy_a perpetual_a memory_n and_o imitation_n so_o excellent_a be_v he_o in_o justice_n so_o sharp_a be_v he_o in_o correction_n of_o vice_n as_o well_o in_o his_o magistrate_n officer_n and_o other_o subject_n that_o never_o before_o his_o day_n be_v less_o felony_n by_o robber_n nor_o less_o extortion_n or_o bribery_n by_o false_a officer_n such_o as_o be_v wicked_a he_o keep_v under_o they_o that_o be_v rebel_n he_o repulse_v the_o godly_a he_o maintain_v and_o the_o just_a and_o modest_a he_o love_v the_o learned_a and_o virtuous_a he_o encourage_v he_o will_v suffer_v no_o man_n of_o what_o degree_n or_o quality_n soever_o he_o be_v to_o elude_v or_o violate_v his_o law_n without_o condign_a punishment_n in_o his_o time_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o private_a pilferer_n nor_o public_a thief_n but_o he_o that_o in_o steal_v other_o man_n good_n will_v venture_v and_o suffer_v as_o he_o be_v sure_a the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o
relate_v though_o he_o misdate_v the_o time_n of_o this_o council_n as_o held_z anno_fw-la 968._o after_o much_o debate_n the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n fear_v they_o shall_v be_v overcome_v by_o dispute_n â—ay_n the_o monk_n promise_v reformation_n of_o life_n on_o the_o clergy_n behalf_n most_o humble_o entreat_v the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n that_o they_o may_v be_v readmit_v into_o monastery_n out_o of_o which_o they_o have_v be_v eject_v with_o who_o prayer_n tear_n &_o sigh_v the_o most_o merciful_a king_n be_v much_o move_v be_v in_o a_o great_a straight_o ruminate_v in_o his_o minâ—_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v in_o this_o business_n at_o last_o purpose_v and_o be_v about_o to_o grant_v pardon_n to_o the_o clerk_n upon_o hope_n of_o their_o amendment_n and_o to_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o return_v to_o the_o monastery_n and_o church_n whence_o they_o have_v be_v expel_v when_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o pronounce_v this_o his_o definitive_a sentence_n there_o be_v thiâ—_n divine_a voice_n utter_v by_o the_o crucifix_n in_o the_o wall_n cum_fw-la plurium_fw-la jam_fw-la suffragiis_fw-la de_fw-la presbyteris_fw-la restituendis_fw-la decernehatur_fw-la as_o matthew_n parker_n relate_v it_o aâ—…_n ut_fw-la â—oâ—_n fiâ—â—_n etc._n etc._n god_n forbid_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v do_v god_n forbid_v it_o shall_v be_v do_v you_o have_v judge_v well_o once_o you_o will_v change_v again_o not_o well_o which_o articulate_a voice_n only_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n who_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o cause_n hear_v if_o the_o chronicle_n of_o winchester_n may_v be_v credit_v when_o as_o another_o monk_n relate_v it_o be_v hear_v by_o all_o present_a at_o which_o voice_n they_o be_v both_o astonish_a fall_v to_o the_o ground_n on_o their_o face_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n hear_v only_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o voice_n as_o of_o a_o great_a thunder_n fall_v down_o flat_a to_o the_o earth_n very_o much_o affright_v some_o write_v that_o both_o side_n by_o dunstan_n policy_n appeal_v to_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o crucifix_n in_o this_o case_n in_o which_o dunstan_n have_v place_v a_o man_n with_o a_o trunk_n in_o the_o wall_n behind_o the_o image_n who_o utter_v this_o voice_n in_o and_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rood_n which_o be_v most_o probable_a soon_o after_o â—he_v king_n and_o dunstan_n hear_v this_o second_o voice_n from_o the_o crucifix_n arise_v be_v not_o afraid_a because_o this_o day_n righteousness_n and_o peace_n have_v kiss_v each_o other_o in_o the_o monk_n in_o memory_n of_o this_o cheat_a oracle_n and_o monkish_a fable_n of_o which_o huntindon_n hoveden_n wigorniensis_n ranulâ—us_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la fabian_n and_o other_o old_a monastical_a historian_n make_v no_o mention_n and_o malmsbury_n slight_o relate_v it_o as_o a_o hear-say_n the_o monk_n of_o winchester_n ingrave_v these_o verse_n over_o the_o head_n of_o this_o crucifix_n in_o their_o refectory_n humano_fw-la more_fw-it crux_fw-la praesens_fw-la edidit_fw-la ore_fw-la coelâ—tus_fw-la effata_fw-la quae_fw-la prospicis_fw-la hic_fw-la subaratâ—â—_n write_v the_o word_n forfeit_v under_o this_o distich_n as_o then_o utter_v by_o the_o crucifix_n which_o assert_v before_o all_o that_o dunstan_n way_n be_v true_a wherewith_o the_o clerk_n and_o their_o abettor_n be_v quite_o confound_v and_o put_v to_o silence_n sed_fw-la adhuc_fw-la non_fw-la sedatis_fw-la animus_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o the_o noble_n and_o clerk_n mind_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o quiet_v by_o this_o oracle_n a_o clear_a evidence_n they_o suspect_v it_o as_o counterfeit_v our_o historian_n inform_v we_o there_o be_v three_o more_o great_a council_n soon_o after_o hold_v to_o 6._o settle_v this_o controversy_n between_o the_o marry_a priest_n and_o monk_n the_o first_o at_o kerling_n kerding_n or_o cerding_n or_o kirk_v as_o it_o be_v various_o style_v anno_fw-la 977._o which_o 497._o wigorn._n and_o hoveden_n stile_n magna_fw-la synodus_fw-la without_o 977._o record_v what_o be_v do_v therein_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o a_o old_a saxon_a note_n call_v it_o a_o great_a council_n affirm_v it_o be_v hold_v after_o easter_n and_o that_o sideman_n bishop_n of_o devonshire_n die_v in_o it_o that_o king_n edward_n and_o the_o archbishop_n therein_o ordain_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n mary_n at_o abendune_n out_o of_o devotion_n and_o matthew_n parker_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o life_n of_o dunstan_n superadde_n dunstanus_fw-la ibi_fw-la cum_fw-la monachorum_fw-la labenti_fw-la conditioni_fw-la succurrere_fw-la voluit_fw-la nihil_fw-la profecit_fw-la itaque_fw-la hoc_fw-la dissoluto_fw-la concilio_n aliud_fw-la in_o regius_fw-la villa_n wilteria_n quae_fw-la calne_n vulgo_fw-la appellatur_fw-la coegit_fw-la this_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o 243._o calne_n some_o stile_n it_o cleve_n be_v purposely_o call_v the_o same_o year_n 977._o to_o end_n the_o long_o continue_a controversy_n between_o the_o monk_n and_o marry_a priest_n which_o the_o seigned_a oracle_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n and_o the_o council_n of_o kerding_n can_v not_o determine_v all_o the_o senator_n and_o 6._o noble_n of_o england_n sit_v together_o at_o this_o council_n in_o a_o upper_a room_n the_o king_n be_v absent_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o tender_a age_n or_o sickness_n the_o business_n be_v debate_v with_o great_a conflict_n and_o controversy_n and_o the_o strong_a wall_n of_o the_o monkish_a church_n archbishop_n dunstan_n be_v assault_v with_o the_o dart_n of_o many_o revile_n remain_v unshaken_a the_o disputant_n of_o both_o party_n and_o order_n defend_v their_o side_n with_o great_a industry_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o dispute_n the_o whole_a floor_n with_o the_o rafter_n and_o beam_n of_o the_o room_n wherein_o they_o dispute_v sudden_o break_v in_o piece_n and_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n with_o all_o the_o people_n in_o it_o except_o dunstan_n who_o escape_v without_o any_o harm_n stand_v firm_a on_o a_o beam_n that_o remain_v of_o which_o he_o take_v holdfast_n the_o rest_n be_v either_o slay_v outright_o or_o very_o much_o hurt_v and_o bruise_v with_o the_o fall_n so_o as_o they_o languish_v ever_o after_o hardly_o escape_v present_a death_n this_o miracle_n as_o our_o monkish_a author_n style_v it_o give_v peace_n to_o archbishop_n dunstan_n from_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o english_a clerk_n and_o other_o who_o thereupon_o from_o thenceforth_o submit_v to_o his_o sentence_n and_o judgement_n if_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o mat._n westminster_n may_v be_v credit_v whereas_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n john_n bromton_n and_o other_o out_o of_o they_o assure_v we_o that_o there_o be_v not_o long_o after_o another_o parliamentary_a synod_n or_o assembly_n hold_v at_o ambresbery_n upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n without_o record_v the_o proceed_n or_o event_n thereof_o some_o conjecture_n that_o this_o fall_n be_v only_o a_o fiction_n of_o the_o monkish_a writer_n to_o add_v reputation_n to_o their_o languish_a cause_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o the_o crucifix_n speech_n forecited_a other_o conceive_v it_o be_v wrought_v by_o duustans_n sorcery_n or_o policy_n other_o that_o it_o be_v casual_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o people_n but_o henry_n huntindon_n hist_n l._n 2._o p._n 357._o bromton_n col_fw-fr 876._o and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n out_o of_o they_o p._n 496._o record_n that_o this_o fall_n of_o the_o noble_n at_o calne_n be_v not_o a_o divine_a judgement_n on_o they_o for_o their_o opposition_n against_o and_o injury_n to_o the_o monk_n as_o some_o interpret_v it_o but_o signum_fw-la videlicet_fw-la dei_fw-la excelâ—i_fw-la fuit_fw-la quod_fw-la proditione_n et_fw-la 8._o interfectione_fw-la regis_fw-la svi_fw-la ab_fw-la amore_fw-la dei_fw-la casuri_fw-la essent_fw-la et_fw-la diversis_fw-la gentibus_fw-la digna_fw-la contritione_n conterendi_fw-la as_o they_o be_v soon_o after_o break_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o invade_a conquer_a danes_n and_o norman_n and_o whether_o the_o late_a violent_a fall_n and_o rupture_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o noble_n portend_v not_o the_o like_a fate_n to_o england_n by_o some_o other_o foreign_a invasion_n for_o the_o like_a treachery_n apostasy_n regicide_n or_o far_o worse_a let_v those_o who_o be_v guilty_a of_o it_o and_o other_o determine_v at_o their_o leisure_n 978._o king_n edward_n edward_n imitate_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o father_n religion_n and_o piety_n be_v so_o circumvent_v by_o the_o flatter_a speech_n of_o his_o mother-in-law_n queen_n elfrida_n that_o although_o she_o oppose_v his_o title_n election_n coronation_n all_o she_o can_v to_o advance_v she_o own_o son_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o retain_v only_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n to_o himself_o he_o soon_o after_o permit_v she_o and_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n his_o competitor_n to_o order_v all_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o they_o please_v whereupon_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v she_o begin_v to_o plot_v how_o to_o dethrone_v this_o man_n of_o god_n king_n edward_n and_o advance_v she_o own_o
prisoner_n almost_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o after_o which_o they_o inse_v and_o waste_v the_o isle_n of_o ten_v and_o city_n of_o west-chester_n invade_v england_n every_o year_n with_o new_a force_n till_o they_o have_v lay_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n desolate_a expel_v king_n ethelred_n with_o his_o queen_n and_o child_n into_o foreign_a patt_n and_o possess_v themselves_o both_o of_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n as_o absolute_a sovereign_n and_o here_o before_o i_o proceed_v further_o i_o can_v but_o take_v special_a notice_n of_o god_n admirable_a retaliate_a justice_n inflict_v upon_o some_o of_o our_o saxon_a usurp_v regicide_n and_o their_o posterity_n worthy_a our_o sad_a contemplation_n life_n king_n edgar_z as_o i_o touch_v before_o injurious_o usurp_v upon_o his_o elder_a brother_n king_n edwin_n and_o by_o force_n of_o arm_n deprive_v he_o of_o half_a his_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n at_o first_o and_o of_o his_o whole_a realm_n if_o not_o life_n too_o at_o last_o but_o within_o few_o year_n after_o by_o god_n avenge_a hand_n his_o best_a belove_a elder_a son_n and_o heir_n king_n edward_n to_o who_o he_o bequeath_v the_o crown_n at_o his_o death_n be_v first_o oppose_v in_o his_o succession_n and_o soon_o after_o most_o treacherous_o butcher_v by_o his_o own_o queen_n and_o young_a son_n who_o invade_v the_o crown_n by_o his_o slaughter_n king_n edgar_z treacherous_o slay_v earl_n ethelwold_n as_o you_o have_v read_v to_o espouse_v his_o wife_n elfredae_n &_o crown_v she_o for_o his_o best_a belove_a queen_n who_o no_o doubt_n be_v consent_v to_o if_o not_o the_o contriver_n of_o his_o murder_n as_o he_o be_v hunt_v in_o worel_n forest_n and_o she_o to_o requite_v this_o murder_n kills_z his_o own_o son_n and_o heir_n king_n edward_n as_o he_o come_v from_o hunt_v in_o a_o forest_n not_o very_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o same_o place_n elfere_fw-la earl_n of_o mercia_n the_o queen_n chief_a counsellor_n and_o instrument_n to_o murder_v and_o dethrone_v king_n edward_n who_o he_o stab_v to_o death_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n as_o malmesbury_n record_v though_o to_o expiate_v this_o crime_n he_o soon_o after_o honourable_o translate_v his_o corpse_n from_o warham_n to_o shafisbury-minster_n yet_o by_o god_n avenge_a wrath_n about_o a_o year_n after_o his_o whole_a body_n be_v eat_v up_o of_o louse_n and_o worm_n so_o that_o he_o die_v most_o miserable_o queen_n alfrida_n the_o chief_a plotter_n of_o this_o murder_n soon_o after_o the_o fact_n be_v strike_v with_o such_o horror_n of_o conscience_n for_o this_o bloody_a regicide_n that_o to_o pacify_v the_o pang_n thereof_o and_o expiate_v the_o guilt_n of_o his_o cry_a blood_n she_o build_v two_o monastery_n at_o almesbury_n and_o warwel_o and_o cast_v off_o her_o royal_a robe_n and_o state_n enter_v into_o the_o late_a of_o they_o where_o she_o afflict_v herself_o with_o sackcloth_n fast_v weep_a and_o severe_a penance_n unto_o the_o day_n of_o her_o death_n bewail_v this_o bloody_a crime_n all_o the_o remainder_n of_o her_o life_n the_o whole_a english_a nation_n who_o be_v either_o consenter_n to_o or_o overgreat_a conniver_n at_o their_o sovereign_n murder_n which_o they_o never_o public_o question_v nor_o revenge_v be_v not_o only_o strike_v consume_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o plague_n and_o strange_a disease_n but_o incessant_o invade_v oppress_v spoil_v captivate_v conquer_v murderated_a and_o almost_o quite_o extirpate_v by_o the_o barbarous_a dane_n who_o usurp_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o they_o for_o three_o generation_n be_v make_v a_o spectacle_n of_o divine_a justice_n both_o to_o angel_n and_o man._n as_o for_o king_n ethelred_n himself_o though_o then_o a_o infant_n he_o purchase_v nothing_o else_o by_o his_o brother_n blood_n but_o a_o crown_n of_o thorn_n and_o care_n live_v in_o perpetual_a war_n care_n fear_n want_n distress_n be_v cross_v in_o all_o his_o design_n war_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n contemn_v desert_a and_o frequent_o betray_v by_o his_o own_o counsellor_n noble_n commander_n soldier_n subject_n force_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n with_o his_o queen_n child_n by_o the_o conquer_a dane_n all_o live_n like_o exile_n in_o foreign_a part_n die_v at_o last_o neither_o lament_v nor_o desire_v some_o of_o his_o son_n after_o his_o death_n be_v treacherous_o murder_v as_o edmund_n ironside_n by_o his_o own_o brother-in-law_n and_o ethelred_n his_o son-in-law_n duke_n edert_n all_o his_o posterity_n renounce_v by_o the_o english_a and_o the_o dane_n prefer_v before_o they_o banish_v betray_v devote_a to_o ruin_n by_o the_o usurp_a dane_n and_o his_o own_o temporize_a english_a prelate_n and_o noble_n of_o which_o more_o full_o hereafter_o take_v but_o this_o brief_a character_n of_o his_o unhappy_a reign_n out_o of_o 10._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n and_o 2._o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n ethelredus_fw-la post_fw-la occisionem_fw-la fratris_fw-la svi_fw-la edwardi_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la levatus_fw-la 38._o annis_fw-la reguum_fw-la potius_fw-la obsidit_fw-la quam_fw-la rexit_fw-la nam_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la cursus_fw-la saevus_fw-la et_fw-la infaustus_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_fw-la principio_fw-la miser_n in_o medio_fw-la et_fw-la sine_fw-la turpis_fw-la et_fw-la reprobus_fw-la iste_fw-la tenuit_fw-la regnum_fw-la in_fw-la magna_fw-la angustia_fw-la nes_fw-la mirum_fw-la quia_fw-la sic_fw-la felonice_n et_fw-la injust_a intrusus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la rex_fw-la suorum_fw-la per_fw-la fidia_fw-la ducum_fw-la avito_fw-la ex_fw-la terris_fw-la solio_fw-la et_fw-la opis_fw-la egens_fw-la alienae_n in_o cujus_fw-la manu_fw-la aliorum_fw-la solebat_fw-la salus_fw-la pendere_fw-la e_o normannia_n accercitus_fw-la londoniae_n agebat_fw-la propter_fw-la proditores_fw-la nunquam_fw-la procedens_fw-la ubi_fw-la animam_fw-la laboribus_fw-la et_fw-la miseriis_fw-la natam_fw-la efflavit_fw-la post_fw-la cujus_fw-la mortem_fw-la proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la clero_fw-la stirpem_fw-la ejus_fw-la abhorrentes_fw-la canutum_fw-la recognoverunt_fw-la regem_fw-la suum_fw-la fore_fw-la all_o which_o calamity_n fall_v upon_o these_o regicide_n traitor_n and_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n as_o our_o historian_n observe_v for_o the_o murder_n of_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o have_v we_o not_o all_o now_o just_a cause_n to_o fear_v the_o very_a like_a or_o some_o sore_a judgement_n for_o the_o selfsame_o cry_a sin_n and_o other_o transcendent_a bloody_a traitorous_a violence_n oppression_n of_o all_o kind_n far_o exceed_v this_o and_o all_o other_o in_o former_a age_n but_o to_o proceed_v from_o these_o general_n to_o the_o most_o observable_a particular_n during_o his_o reign_n anno_fw-la dom._n 980._o be_v the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n ethelreds_n 980._o reign_n the_o speed_n dane_n begin_v their_o invasion_n and_o persecution_n of_o the_o english_a waste_v depopulate_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n southampton_n chester_n the_o isle_n of_o ten_v cornwall_n devonshire_n and_o other_o place_n continue_v their_o depredation_n sundry_a year_n after_o till_o they_o become_v lord_n and_o master_n both_o of_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n all_o our_o historian_n record_v that_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n especial_o their_o treason_n and_o treachery_n against_o their_o innocent_a murder_a sovereign_n be_v the_o original_a cause_n of_o this_o danish_a invasion_n and_o most_o fatal_a judgement_n to_o which_o bishop_n 64._o lupus_n in_o his_o oration_n subjoin_v these_o other_o sin_n pertinent_a to_o my_o theme_n of_o which_o i_o fear_v our_o nation_n be_v now_o fart_n more_o guilty_a than_o their_o ancestor_n in_o that_o age_n ecclesiae_fw-la vastantur_fw-la ordo_fw-la clericalis_fw-la ludibrio_fw-la habetur_fw-la et_fw-la contemptui_fw-la ima_fw-la plebs_fw-la proditorie_a è_fw-la regno_fw-la sumpto_fw-la pretio_fw-la venundatur_fw-la infant_n ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la incunabilis_fw-la ad_fw-la miseram_fw-la 8._o servitutem_fw-la sumpti_fw-la et_fw-la redacti_fw-la sunt_fw-la omnisque_fw-la benignitas_fw-la et_fw-la eleemosyna_fw-la perit_fw-la ipsi_fw-la denique_fw-la liberi_fw-la avita_fw-la libertate_fw-la frui_fw-la et_fw-la in_o servili_fw-la conditione_n constituti_fw-la bonis_fw-la magnis_fw-la partis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la aut_fw-la aliundè_fw-la concessis_fw-la uti_fw-la prohibentur_fw-la et_fw-la quia_fw-la haec_fw-la gens_fw-la perjuriis_fw-la mendaciis_fw-la juramenti_fw-la fidei_fw-la faederum_fw-la atque_fw-la pignorum_fw-la fractionibus_fw-la crebris_fw-la homicidio_fw-la turto_fw-la et_fw-la quae_fw-la â—d_a rempublicam_fw-la labefactandam_fw-la summa_fw-la sunt_fw-la proditione_n falso_fw-la atque_fw-la technis_fw-la vaferrimis_fw-la in_o ipsos_fw-la domivos_fw-la atque_fw-la heros_n multifariam_fw-la deliquit_fw-la cujus_fw-la fuit_fw-la indicium_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la ipsis_fw-la hostibus_fw-la traditio_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o external_a cause_n principal_o invite_v encourage_v the_o dane_n to_o this_o invasion_n as_o 62_o matthew_n parker_n and_o history_n mr._n fox_n conjecture_n be_v these_o quod_fw-la à _fw-la segnibus_fw-la et_fw-la torpentibu_fw-la monachis_fw-la regni_fw-la facultates_fw-la essent_fw-la absorptae_fw-la auctaque_fw-la indy_n dacorum_n vis_fw-la ab_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sub_fw-la monachis_fw-la redactorum_fw-la ignaviam_fw-la et_fw-la civilia_fw-la orta_fw-la multa_fw-la discrimina_fw-la quae_fw-la daco_n efferarunt_fw-la victores_fw-la and_o that_o the_o dane_n perceive_v the_o discord_n that_o be_v then_o in_o the_o
purchase_v peace_n and_o be_v quit_v of_o future_a trouble_n and_o invasion_n 5_o that_o when_o this_o be_v first_o impose_v it_o be_v with_o a_o belief_n and_o resolution_n never_o to_o reiterate_v or_o draw_v it_o again_o into_o custom_n or_o precedent_n in_o succeed_a age_n and_o that_o only_o to_o satisfy_v a_o covetous_a invade_a enemy_n for_o the_o present_a without_o any_o thought_n that_o it_o will_v but_o strengthen_v or_o encourage_v their_o enemy_n to_o new_a invasion_n and_o tribute_n of_o this_o nature_n double_v and_o treble_v on_o the_o nation_n afterward_o yet_o lo_o the_o contrary_a sad_a effect_n of_o this_o ill_a precedent_n &_o advice_n 1._o it_o be_v within_o few_o year_n after_o several_a time_n draw_v into_o use_n and_o custom_n again_o 2._o it_o be_v every_o time_n increase_v augment_v more_o than_o other_o till_o it_o amount_v to_o 4_o time_n as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o 3._o it_o do_v but_o impoverish_v weaken_v the_o english_a themselves_o and_o much_o strengthen_v encourage_v their_o danish_a enemy_n and_o keep_v they_o still_o under_o their_o vassalage_n whereas_o so_o much_o money_n or_o less_o raise_v and_o spend_v for_o their_o own_o defence_n against_o the_o dane_n will_v probable_o have_v expulse_v and_o beat_v they_o home_o to_o their_o own_o country_n with_o loss_n and_o so_o have_v prevent_v their_o future_a invasion_n 4_o after_o the_o dane_n be_v quite_o expel_v and_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o tax_n quite_o extinct_a yet_o it_o than_o become_v a_o usual_a constant_a supplement_n to_o our_o king_n for_o sundry_a age_n after_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o be_v the_o only_a groundwork_n pattern_n of_o all_o the_o heavy_a public_a shipmoney_n tax_n aid_n imposition_n payment_n under_o which_o the_o people_n have_v suffer_v in_o all_o succeed_a age_n till_o this_o present_a it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a therefore_o for_o parliament_n or_o statesman_n upon_o any_o extraordinary_a press_a necessity_n to_o lay_v any_o new_a tax_n tribute_n or_o impost_n on_o the_o people_n and_o most_o perilous_a for_o the_o people_n voluntary_o to_o submit_v unto_o their_o payment_n for_o be_v but_o once_o or_o twice_o grant_v impose_v pay_v and_o make_v a_o precedent_n they_o be_v hardly_o ever_o abolish_v or_o conjure_v down_o again_o but_o keep_v still_o on_o foot_n upon_o some_o pretext_n or_o other_o yea_o oft_o double_v treble_v and_o quadruple_v by_o degree_n to_o the_o people_n grand_a oppression_n and_o undo_n as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o old_a precedent_n of_o danegelt_n and_o the_o late_a sad_a precedent_n of_o oâ—r_n new_o impose_v excise_n impost_n monthly_a contributioâ—s_n raise_v from_o 20_o to_o 30_o 40_o 50_o 60_o 100_o and_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n amonth_n and_o the_o excise_n from_o thousand_o to_o million_o and_o so_o continue_v for_o sundry_a year_n without_o hope_n of_o end_n or_o ease_v the_o only_o bless_a liberty_n which_o we_o have_v hitherto_o purchase_v with_o all_o our_o prayer_n tear_n fast_n counsel_n treasure_n war_n and_o whole_a ocean_n of_o christian_a blood_n i_o shall_v therefore_o desire_v our_o late_a and_o present_a tax-master_n exciser_n if_o they_o be_v not_o now_o past_a all_o shame_n sad_o to_o consider_v how_o much_o more_o burdensome_a and_o injurious_a they_o have_v be_v &_o be_v now_o to_o their_o native_a christian_a english_a brethren_n than_o the_o barbarous_a pagan_n fore_o in_o invade_v dane_n be_v then_o to_o their_o predecessor_n in_o that_o they_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n without_o any_o lawful_a grant_n or_o act_n by_o a_o free_a parliament_n impose_v on_o their_o brethren_n exhaust_a purse_n and_o estate_n no_o less_o than_o 60_o or_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n every_o month_n beside_o excise_n impost_n custom_n amount_v to_o much_o more_o when_o as_o the_o barbarous_a fore_o in_o dane_n exact_v of_o they_o only_o by_o their_o own_o common_a consent_n in_o free_a parliamentary_a council_n only_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n in_o one_o year_n at_o first_o and_o then_o 16000_o 24000_o 30000_o 40000_o or_o 48000_o l._n at_o the_o utmost_a for_o several_a whole_a year_n tribute_n without_o any_o excise_n impost_n or_o other_o custom_n which_o meditation_n i_o think_v shall_v now_o induce_v they_o to_o mitigate_v release_n cease_z our_o long_a continue_a uncessant_a tax_n excise_n impost_n or_o at_o least_o to_o reduce_v they_o to_o the_o dane_n high_v annual_a proportion_n of_o 48000_o thousand_o pound_n lest_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o posterity_n repute_v they_o more_o oppressive_a barbarous_a tyrannical_a to_o their_o christian_a countryman_n now_o than_o the_o worst_a of_o the_o foreign_a pagan_a danish_a invader_n be_v heretofore_o and_o great_a present_a enemy_n to_o their_o native_a country_n than_o the_o dane_n than_o be_v to_o our_o progenitor_n the_o self_n same_o year_n 503._o there_o be_v some_o difference_n 991._o between_o king_n ethelred_n and_o richard_n marquis_n of_o normaâ—dy_n he_o thereupon_o slay_v and_o pillage_v all_o the_o english_a pass_v through_o his_o country_n and_o affront_v king_n ethelred_n with_o frequent_a injury_n pope_n john_n the_o 15._o hereupon_o send_v leo_n his_o legate_n with_o exhortatory_n letter_n to_o make_v peace_n between_o they_o who_o come_v with_o they_o to_o king_n ethelred_n on_o christmas_n day_n anno_fw-la 901._o the_o king_n â—â—on_a receipt_n of_o the_o pope_n letter_n accersitis_fw-la cunctis_fw-la svi_fw-la 9_o regni_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la utriusque_fw-la ordinis_fw-la sapientioribus_fw-la assemble_v all_o the_o wise_a man_n of_o his_o realm_n of_o both_o order_n for_o the_o love_n and_o fear_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o st._n peter_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o apostle_n grant_v and_o estabished_a a_o most_o firm_a peace_n with_o all_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n present_a and_o to_o come_v and_o with_o all_o his_o liege_n without_o guile_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o the_o king_n send_v edelfinus_fw-la bishop_n of_o sherburn_n with_o two_o other_o person_n of_o quality_n into_o normandy_n to_o the_o marquis_n who_o upon_o receipt_n of_o the_o pope_n admonition_n and_o hear_v of_o the_o king_n decree_n with_o a_o willing_a mind_n confirw_v the_o say_a peace_n with_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n present_a and_o to_o come_v and_o with_o all_o his_o subject_n upon_o this_o reasonable_a condition_n that_o if_o any_o os_fw-la they_o or_o they_o themselves_o shall_v perpetrate_v any_o unjust_a thing_n against_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v expiate_v with_o eondign_a reparation_n which_o peace_n that_o it_o may_v remain_v perpetual_o firm_a be_v ratify_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o commissioner_n of_o both_o part_n at_o rhoan_n in_o march_n follow_v here_o we_o have_v a_o peace_n advise_v ratify_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o a_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n record_v at_o large_a by_o malmsbury_n the_o last_o clause_n whereof_o be_v this_o et_fw-la de_fw-la hominibus_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la de_fw-la inimicis_fw-la suis_fw-la nullum_fw-la richardus_fw-la recipiat_fw-la nec_fw-la rex_fw-la de_fw-la suis_fw-la sine_fw-la sigillo_fw-la eorum_fw-la king_n fox_n ethelred_n in_o the_o year_n 992._o hearing_n that_o the_o 992._o dane_n intend_v a_o new_a invasion_n of_o england_n and_o that_o they_o have_v send_v a_o great_a fleet_n to_o sea_n contrary_a to_o their_o former_a agreement_n the_o year_n before_o assemble_v a_o council_n of_o his_o noble_n to_o consult_v how_o to_o resist_v they_o what_o the_o result_n of_o their_o consultation_n be_v florence_n of_o worcester_n thus_o record_v consilio_fw-la jussuque_fw-la regis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etheiredi_fw-la procerumque_fw-la suorum_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-it robustiores_fw-la londoniae_n congregatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la nave_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o 9_o command_v of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o his_o noble_n all_o the_o strong_a ship_n be_v assemble_v together_o at_o london_n out_o of_o all_o england_n which_o the_o king_n furnish_v with_o choice_a soldier_n make_v duke_n alfric_n duke_n thorold_n alstan_n and_o aescwiâ—_n two_o bishop_n admiral_n over_o they_o command_v they_o if_o by_o any_o mean_n they_o can_v to_o take_v the_o danish_a army_n and_o fleet_n by_o environ_v they_o in_o some_o part_n but_o duke_n alfric_n former_o banish_v forgive_v and_o now_o make_v chief_a admiral_n turn_v traitor_n both_o to_o his_o king_n and_o country_n first_o send_v a_o secret_a messenger_n to_o the_o dane_n to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o design_n against_o they_o entreat_v they_o to_o prevent_v the_o ambush_n prepare_v to_o surprise_v they_o whereby_o they_o escape_v the_o hand_n of_o the_o english_a after_o which_o when_o the_o english_a and_o danes_n be_v ready_a to_o encounter_v each_o other_o in_o a_o sea-fight_n alfric_n flee_v secret_o to_o the_o danish_a fleet_n the_o night_n before_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o instant_a danger_n flee_v away_o shameful_o with_o they_o the_o king_n navy_n pursue_v they_o take_v and_o pillage_v one_o of_o the_o danish_a ship_n slay_v all_o the_o man_n therein_o but_o
the_o london_n ship_n meet_v with_o the_o other_o danish_a pirate_n as_o they_o be_v fly_v fight_v with_o they_o slay_v many_o thousand_o of_o the_o dane_n and_o take_v duke_n alfric_n his_o ship_n with_o the_o soldier_n and_o arm_n himself_o hardly_o escape_v as_o wigorniensis_n and_o matthew_n westminster_n relate_v but_o huntind_v &_o bromton_n write_v that_o the_o dane_n recruit_v their_o navy_n meet_v and_o fight_v with_o the_o king_n navy_n fly_v many_o of_o the_o londoner_n triumphant_o take_v whole_a arm_a ship_n and_o duke_n alfric_n who_o be_v in_o they_o who_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v trust_v according_a to_o the_o ancient_a say_n quem_fw-la femel_fw-la gravitèr_fw-la laeseris_fw-la non_fw-la facile_fw-la tiâ—i_fw-la fidelem_fw-la credideris_fw-la for_o this_o treason_n of_o alfric_n the_o king_n cause_v the_o eye_n of_o his_o son_n algar_n to_o be_v put_v out_o unae_fw-la odium_fw-la &_o infamia_fw-la eâ—us_fw-la crudelitatis_fw-la adaucta_fw-la est_fw-la as_o huntindon_n and_o other_o observe_v the_o next_o year_n 993._o the_o speed_v danish_a fleet_n enter_v 993._o humber_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o northumberland_n and_o lindesey_n burn_v the_o village_n slay_v the_o people_n and_o pillage_n their_o good_n whereupon_o great_a mulâ—itudes_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n assemble_v together_o resolve_v and_o hasten_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o but_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v they_o battle_n frena_fw-la frithgist_n and_o godwin_n their_o captain_n be_v of_o danish_a progeny_n prove_v treacherous_a to_o their_o follower_n persuade_v they_o to_o fly_v and_o flee_v first_o themselves_o notwithstanding_o the_o country_n as_o malmesbury_n speed_n and_o other_o write_v be_v unable_a to_o digest_v their_o intolerable_a insolence_n and_o plunder_n fall_v upon_o the_o dane_n slay_v many_o of_o they_o and_o chase_v away_o the_o rest_n to_o defend_v their_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n anno_fw-la 994._o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o anlafe_a 994._o king_n of_o norwey_n with_o 94_o ship_n sail_v up_o to_o london_n besiege_v 461._o and_o fierce_o assault_v the_o city_n think_v to_o take_v it_o but_o the_o citizen_n so_o manful_o defend_v it_o that_o they_o repulse_v the_o dane_n thence_o with_o great_a loss_n who_o thereupon_o turn_v their_o fury_n upon_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n kent_n sussex_n and_o southampton_n so_o greivous_o waste_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n burn_v the_o village_n and_o slay_v the_o inhabitant_n that_o king_n ethelred_n conâ—llio_n procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o noble_n assemble_v together_o for_o that_o end_n as_o wigorniensis_n matthew_n westminster_n hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n and_o other_o write_v send_v ambassador_n to_o they_o promise_v to_o give_v they_o tribute_n and_o wages_n and_o money_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v desist_v from_o their_o cruelty_n who_o thereupon_o condescend_v to_o the_o king_n request_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n and_o draw_v all_o their_o army_n together_o unto_o southampton_n winter_v there_o to_o who_o a_o tribute_n of_o fixteen_fw-mi thousand_o pound_n be_v give_v 9_o and_o pay_v out_o of_o all_o england_n that_o they_o shall_v cease_v from_o their_o rapine_n and_o slaughter_n of_o innocent_a person_n after_o this_o agreement_n king_n anlaf_n tepair_v to_o andover_n to_o king_n ethelred_n where_o he_o receive_v baptism_n ethelred_n be_v his_o godfather_n and_o bestow_v great_a gift_n upon_o he_o heteupon_o anlaf_n enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o he_o promise_v to_o return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n and_o never_o after_o to_o return_v into_o england_n with_o a_o army_n which_o promise_n he_o faithful_o observe_v the_o article_n of_o the_o agreement_n between_o king_n ethelred_n and_o he_o be_v at_o large_a record_v in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n col._n 899_o 900._o be_v make_v by_o advice_n of_o all_o his_o wiseman_n assemble_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o this_o title_n to_o they_o intimate_v haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la verba_fw-la pacis_fw-la et_fw-la prolocutionis_fw-la quas_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la sapientes_fw-la ejus_fw-la cum_fw-la exercitu_fw-la firmaverunt_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la anaâ—anâ—_n et_fw-fr justino_n et_fw-fr gudermundo_n stegiarâ—_n filio_fw-la venit_fw-la the_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n between_o they_o be_v x_o in_o the_o saxon_a but_o xi_o in_o the_o latin_a copy_n the_o perfidious_a 999._o dane_n violate_v their_o former_a agreement_n other_o anno_fw-la 997._o come_v with_o a_o great_a fleet_n and_o army_n into_o the_o mouth_n of_o severn_n waste_v and_o lay_v waste_n and_o desolate_a north-wales_n and_o most_o of_o the_o west_n and_o south_n part_n of_o england_n no_o man_n resist_v they_o gain_v a_o extraordinary_a great_a booty_n and_o wintr_v about_o tavestock_n the_o next_o year_n 998._o they_o enter_v the_o river_n oâ—_n frome_n waste_v and_o spoil_v dorsetshire_n the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o sussex_n over_o and_o over_o live_v upon_o their_o spoil_n whereupon_o the_o english_a many_o time_n assemble_v a_o army_n to_o resist_v and_o expel_v they_o but_o so_o often_o as_o they_o be_v about_o to_o give_v they_o battle_n angli_fw-la aut_fw-la insidiis_fw-la aut_fw-la aliquo_fw-la infortunio_fw-la impediti_fw-la terga_fw-la verterunt_fw-la et_fw-la hostibus_fw-la victoriam_fw-la dederunt_fw-la most_o of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n secret_o favour_v the_o dane_n and_o not_o love_v ethelred_n quia_fw-la alfrida_n mater_fw-la sua_fw-la pro_fw-la ipso_fw-la liberius_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la substituendo_fw-la sanctum_fw-la edwardum_fw-la fratrem_fw-la suum_fw-la dolosè_fw-la extinxerat_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o atteâ—_n anno_fw-la 999._o the_o danish_a fleet_n enter_v the_o river_n of_o medway_n besiege_v rochester_n and_o waste_v kent_n the_o kentish_a man_n unite_n their_o force_n fight_v a_o sharp_a battle_n with_o they_o wherein_o many_o be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n but_o the_o dane_n win_v the_o field_n horse_v their_o foot_n on_o the_o horse_n they_o gain_v and_o miserable_o waste_v all_o the_o west_n part_n of_o kent_n which_o king_n ethelred_n be_v informeâ—_n of_o suorum_fw-la primatum_fw-la 9_o consilio_fw-la et_fw-la classem_fw-la et_fw-la pedestrem_fw-la congregavit_fw-la exercitum_fw-la by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o noble_n he_o assemble_v a_o navy_n and_o foot_n army_n to_o encounter_v they_o but_o while_o the_o ship_n be_v prepare_v the_o captain_n of_o the_o army_n delay_v from_o day_n to_o day_n their_o begin_a levy_n and_o undertake_n grievous_o vex_v the_o people_n in_o conclusion_n neither_o the_o navy_n nor_o army_n do_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o for_o the_o people_n benefit_n or_o defence_n praeâ—er_fw-la populi_fw-la laborem_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la peâ—ditionem_fw-la hostium_fw-la incitationem_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n roger_n hoveden_n and_o other_o observe_v hereupon_o 60._o king_n ethelred_n anno_fw-la 1000_o for_o the_o 1000_o better_a defence_n of_o his_o realm_n resolve_v to_o take_v to_o wiâ—e_n emma_n daughter_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v then_o most_o valiant_a and_o formidable_a to_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o france_n for_o he_o see_v himself_o and_o his_o subject_n very_o much_o weaken_v and_o do_v not_o a_o little_a fear_n their_o future_a overthrow_n hoc_fw-la autem_fw-la dei_fw-la nuâ—u_fw-la factum_fw-la esse_fw-la constat_fw-la ut_fw-la veniret_fw-la contra_fw-la improbos_fw-la malum_fw-la genti_fw-la enim_fw-la anglorum_fw-la quam_fw-la sceleribus_fw-la suis_fw-la exigentibus_fw-la disterminare_fw-la proposuerat_fw-la sicut_fw-la et_fw-la ipsi_fw-la brittones_n peccatis_fw-la accusantibus_fw-la humiliaverant_fw-la dominus_fw-la omnipotens_fw-la duplicem_fw-la contritionem_fw-la proposuit_fw-la et_fw-la quasi_fw-la militares_fw-la insidias_fw-la adhibuit_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ut_fw-la hinc_fw-la dacorum_n persecutione_n saeviente_fw-la illinc_fw-la normannorum_fw-la conjunctione_n accrescente_fw-la si_fw-la ab_fw-la dacorum_n manifesta_fw-la fulminatione_fw-la evaderent_fw-la normannorum_fw-la improvisam_fw-la cum_fw-la fortitudine_fw-la cautelam_fw-la non_fw-la evaderent_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o sequentibus_fw-la apparuit_fw-la cum_fw-la ex_fw-la hac_fw-la conjunctione_n regis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la et_fw-la filiae_fw-la ducis_fw-la normannorum_fw-la angliam_fw-la just_a secundum_fw-la jus_o gentium_fw-la normanni_n et_fw-la calumniati_fw-la sunt_fw-la et_fw-la adepti_fw-la sunt_fw-la praedixit_fw-la etiam_fw-la eye_n quidam_fw-la vir_fw-la dei_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la scelerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la immanitate_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la quia_fw-la semper_fw-la caediet_n proditioni_fw-la studuebant_fw-la verum_fw-la etiam_fw-la quia_fw-la semper_fw-la ebrietaâ—â—_n et_fw-la negligentiae_fw-la domus_fw-la domini_fw-la dediti_fw-la erant_fw-la eye_v insperatum_fw-la à _fw-la francia_n adventurum_fw-la dominium_fw-la quod_fw-la et_fw-la eorum_fw-la excellentiam_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la deprimeret_fw-la et_fw-la honorem_fw-la sine_fw-la termino_fw-la restitutionis_fw-la eventilaret_fw-la praedixit_fw-la etiam_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la ea_fw-la gens_fw-la solum_fw-la verum_fw-la et_fw-la scottorum_fw-la quos_fw-la vilissimos_fw-la habebant_fw-la eâ—s_fw-la ad_fw-la emeritam_fw-la confusionem_fw-la dominaretur_fw-la praedixit_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la varium_fw-la adeò_fw-la seculum_fw-la creandum_fw-la ut_fw-la varietas_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o mentibus_fw-la hominum_fw-la latebat_fw-la et_fw-la in_o actibus_fw-la patebat_fw-la multimoda_fw-la variatione_fw-la vestium_fw-la et_fw-la
indumentorum_fw-la designaretur_fw-la hac_fw-la igitur_fw-la providentia_fw-la cum_fw-la legatoriis_fw-la ad_fw-la ducem_fw-la normannorum_fw-la missis_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la suae_fw-la petitionis_fw-la concessionem_fw-la obtinuisset_fw-la statute_n tempore_fw-la tanto_fw-la digno_fw-la ministerio_fw-la ad_fw-la dominam_fw-la svam_fw-la recipiendam_fw-la et_fw-la adducendam_fw-la proceres_fw-la anglorum_fw-la mittuntur_fw-la in_o normanniam_fw-la quae_fw-la longo_fw-la et_fw-la digno_fw-la regibus_fw-la apparatu_fw-la dirigentur_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la thus_o henry_n archdeacon_n of_o huntindon_n radulphus_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la bromton_n and_o other_o out_o of_o they_o urite_v of_o this_o norman_a maâ—ch_n as_o the_o groundwork_n of_o translate_n the_o government_n in_o succeed_a time_n from_o the_o saxon_n to_o the_o norman_n for_o the_o saxon_n sin_n forenamed_a this_o same_o year_n the_o danish_a fleet_n sail_v into_o normandy_n 1000_o and_o pillage_n it_o king_n ethelred_n hear_v of_o it_o march_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o cumberland_n and_o the_o northern_a parr_n which_o have_v revolt_v to_o the_o dane_n and_o where_o their_o great_a colony_n be_v where_o he_o vanquish_v the_o dane_n in_o a_o great_a battle_n and_o waste_v pillage_v most_o of_o all_o the_o country_n which_o do_v he_o command_v his_o navy_n to_o sail_v round_o about_o the_o north_n part_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o meet_v he_o at_o a_o appoint_a place_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o cross_a wind_n they_o can_v not_o do_v yet_o they_o waste_v and_o take_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n which_o success_n somewhat_o raise_v and_o encourage_v the_o deject_a spirit_n of_o the_o english_a and_o increase_v the_o king_n reputation_n with_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1001._o daniel_n the_o danish_a fleet_n return_v 1002._o from_o normandy_n enter_v the_o river_n of_o exit_fw-la and_o besiege_a exeter_n which_o the_o citizen_n manful_o defend_v repulse_v they_o with_o great_a loss_n from_o their_o wall_n wherewith_o they_o be_v extreme_o enrage_v march_v through_o all_o devonshire_n burn_v the_o village_n waste_v the_o field_n and_o slay_v the_o people_n without_o distinction_n of_o age_n or_o sex_n after_o their_o usual_a manner_n whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o devon_n somerset_n and_o dorsetshires_n unite_n their_o force_n in_o a_o body_n in_o a_o place_n call_v penho_n give_v they_o battle_n but_o be_v overpowr_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o far_o exceed_v they_o both_o in_o number_n and_o military_a skill_n they_o be_v force_v to_o sly_a and_o many_o of_o they_o slay_v the_o dane_n there_o upon_o get_v their_o horse_n harrow_v devonshire_n far_o worse_o than_o before_o and_o return_v with_o a_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n whence_o steer_v their_o conrse_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n they_o prey_v sometime_o upon_o it_o sometime_o upon_o hampshire_n other_o time_n upon_o dorsetshire_n no_o man_n resist_v they_o destroy_v the_o man_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o the_o village_n and_o town_n with_o fire_n in_o such_o sort_n ut_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la nec_fw-la classica_fw-la manus_fw-la navali_fw-la nec_fw-la pedestris_fw-la exercitus_fw-la certare_fw-la audeat_fw-la praello_fw-la terrestri_fw-la for_o which_o cause_n the_o king_n and_o people_n be_v overwhelm_v with_o unspeakable_a grief_n and_o sadness_n in_o this_o sad_a perplexity_n king_n ethelred_n anno_fw-la 1002._o habito_fw-la consilio_fw-la cum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primatibus_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-fr dicetâ—_n roger_n hoveden_n 9_o and_o other_o express_v it_o or_o consilio_fw-la primatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o mat._n westminster_n and_o his_o follower_n relate_v it_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n assemble_v together_o for_o this_o purpose_n at_o london_n repute_v it_o beneficial_a for_o he_o and_o his_o people_n to_o make_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n and_o to_o give_v they_o a_o stipend_n and_o pacify_v tribute_n that_o so_o they_o may_v cease_v from_o their_o mischief_n for_o which_o end_n duke_n leofsi_n be_v send_v to_o the_o dane_n who_o come_v to_o they_o importune_v they_o that_o they_o will_v accept_v of_o a_o stipend_n and_o tribute_n they_o glad_o embrace_v his_o embassy_n condescend_v to_o his_o request_n and_o determine_v how_o much_o tribute_n shall_v be_v pay_v they_o for_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n whereupon_o soon_o after_o a_o tribute_n of_o 24000_o pound_n be_v pay_v they_o pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la for_o the_o good_a of_o peace_n in_o this_o assembly_n and_o council_n as_o i_o conjecture_v 510._o king_n ethelred_n inform_v his_o counsellor_n who_o instruct_v he_o both_o in_o divine_a and_o humane_a thing_n with_o the_o sloathfulness_n negligence_n and_o vicious_a life_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n throughout_o england_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n think_v meet_v to_o thrust_v they_o out_o and_o put_v monk_n in_o their_o place_n to_o pour_v forth_o prayer_n and_o praise_n to_o god_n for_o he_o and_o his_o people_n in_o a_o due_a manner_n whereupon_o he_o confirm_v by_o his_o charter_n the_o ejection_n of_o the_o secular_a priest_n out_o of_o christs-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o the_o 10._o introduction_n of_o monk_n in_o their_o place_n and_o ratify_v all_o the_o land_n and_o privilege_n former_o grant_v they_o exempt_n the_o monastery_n and_o land_n thereof_o from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expeditione_n pontium_fw-la operatione_n et_fw-la arcium_fw-la reparatione_fw-la beseech_v and_o conjure_v all_o his_o lawful_a successor_n king_n bishop_n earls_z and_o people_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v ecclesiae_fw-la christi_fw-la praedones_fw-la sed_fw-la sitis_fw-la patrimonii_fw-la christi_fw-la defensores_fw-la seduli_fw-la ut_fw-la vita_fw-la et_fw-la gaudio_fw-la aeternis_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dei_fw-la sanctis_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la fruaâ—…_n which_o charter_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o of_o 2._o several_a aelderman_n noble_n and_o officer_n and_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n this_o year_n other_o duke_n leofsi_n slay_v esric_n a_o nobleman_n the_o king_n chief_a provost_n be_v judicial_o banish_v the_o realm_n by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o offence_n after_o this_o peace_n make_v with_o the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1002._o emma_n arrive_v in_o england_n receive_v both_o the_o diadem_n 1002._o and_o name_n of_o a_o queen_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n puff_v daniel_n up_o with_o pride_n see_v he_o can_v not_o drive_v out_o the_o dane_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n contrive_v how_o to_o murder_v and_o destroy_v they_o all_o in_o one_o day_n by_o treachery_n at_o unaware_o either_o by_o the_o sword_n or_o by_o fire_n because_o they_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v he_o and_o his_o noble_n both_o of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o subject_v all_o england_n to_o their_o own_o dominion_n the_o occasion_n time_n and_o manner_n of_o who_o sudden_a universal_a massacre_n be_v thus_o relate_v by_o mat._n westminster_n an._n 1012._o though_o act_v an._n 1002._o as_o all_o accord_n and_o by_o mr._n fox_n and_o other_o huna_n general_n of_o king_n ethelreds_n militia_n a_o valiant_a warlike_a man_n who_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o manage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n under_o the_o king_n observe_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o now_o after_o the_o peace_n make_v with_o they_o do_v so_o proud_o lord_n it_o through_o all_o england_n that_o they_o presume_v to_o ravish_v the_o wife_n and_o daughter_n of_o nobleman_n and_o every_o where_o to_o expose_v they_o to_o scorn_v by_o strength_n cause_v the_o english_a husbandman_n to_o soil_n and_o sow_v their_o land_n and_o do_v all_o vile_a labour_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n while_o they_o will_v sit_v idle_o at_o home_n hold_v their_o wife_n daughter_n and_o servant_n at_o their_o pleasure_n and_o when_o the_o husbandman_n come_v home_o they_o shall_v scarce_o have_v of_o their_o own_o as_o his_o servant_n have_v so_o that_o the_o dane_n have_v all_o at_o his_o will_n and_o fill_v fare_v of_o the_o best_a when_o the_o owner_n scarce_o have_v his_o fill_n of_o the_o worst_a thus_o the_o common_a people_n be_v of_o they_o oppre_v be_v in_o such_o fear_n and_o dread_n that_o not_o only_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v they_o in_o their_o do_n but_o also_o glad_a to_o please_v they_o and_o call_v every_o one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o house_n where_o they_o have_v rule_v lord_n dane_n etc._n etc._n hereupon_o huna_n go_v to_o the_o king_n much_o perplex_v and_o make_v a_o lamentable_a complaint_n to_o he_o concern_v these_o thing_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o little_a move_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o same_o huna_n send_v letter_n or_o commission_n unto_o all_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o realm_n command_v all_o and_o every_o of_o the_o nation_n that_o on_o one_o day_n after_o to_o wit_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n the_o bishop_n all_o the_o dane_n throughout_o england_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o a_o secret_a massacre_n
necfuit_fw-la tantus_fw-la numerus_fw-la navium_fw-la tempore_fw-la alicujus_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la write_v henry_n huntindon_n but_o yet_o god_n frustrate_v and_o blast_v all_o their_o design_n beyond_o expectation_n for_o about_o or_o a_o little_a before_o this_o time_n brithtricus_n a_o slippery_a ambitious_a proud_a man_n brother_n to_o perfidious_a duke_n edric_n injurious_o accuse_v wulnoth_n a_o noble_a young_a man_n of_o southsex_n to_o the_o king_n who_o servant_n he_o be_v who_o thereupon_o banish_v he_o wulnoth_n upon_o this_o flee_v away_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v apprehend_v and_o have_v get_v 20_o ship_n exercise_v frequent_a piracy_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n the_o king_n navy_n be_v thereof_o inform_v and_o that_o any_o man_n who_o will_v might_n easy_o take_v he_o brithtric_n hereupon_o to_o get_v praise_n to_o himself_o take_v 80_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n with_o he_o and_o promise_v to_o bring_v wulnoth_n alive_a or_o dead_a to_o the_o king_n when_o he_o have_v prosperous_o sail_v a_o long_a time_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o a_o most_o violent_a tempest_n sudden_o arise_v shatter_a and_o bruise_v all_o the_o ship_n drive_v they_o one_o against_o another_o and_o force_v they_o to_o run_v ashore_o upon_o the_o dry_a land_n with_o great_a loss_n where_o wulnoth_n present_o come_v upon_o they_o fire_v and_o burn_v they_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o navy_n discontent_v with_o this_o sad_a news_n return_v to_o london_n the_o army_n likewise_o then_o raise_v be_v disperse_v et_fw-la sic_fw-la omnis_fw-la labour_n anglorum_fw-la cassatus_fw-la est_fw-la writes_z huntindon_n or_o as_o wigorniensis_n and_o other_o express_v it_o sicque_fw-la totius_fw-la populi_fw-la maximus_fw-la labour_n periit_fw-la to_o their_o great_a grief_n and_o disappointment_n upon_o this_o disaster_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n earl_n turkel_n a_o dane_n arrive_v with_o a_o great_a new_a fleet_n of_o dane_n and_o a_o innumerable_a army_n at_o sandwich_n who_o another_o great_a navy_n of_o dane_n under_o the_o command_n of_o hemmingus_fw-la erglafe_n &_o tenetland_n follow_v in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n these_o all_o join_v together_o march_v to_o canterbury_n aslault_v make_v a_o breach_n therein_o and_o be_v likely_a to_o take_v it_o whereupon_o the_o citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o east-kent_n be_v enforce_v to_o purchase_v a_o firm_a peace_n with_o they_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o 3000_o pound_n which_o be_v pay_v they_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n pillage_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n with_o the_o county_n of_o sussex_n and_o southampton_n near_o the_o seacoast_n burn_v the_o village_n and_o carry_v away_o great_a booty_n thence_o king_n ethelred_n upon_o this_o raise_v and_o collect_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o all_o england_n place_v force_n in_o all_o county_n near_o the_o sea_n to_o hinder_v the_o dane_n land_v and_o plunder_v notwithstanding_o they_o desist_v not_o but_o exercise_v rapine_n in_o all_o place_n where_o they_o can_v 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after_o easter_n they_o go_v into_o the_o east_n part_n of_o england_n march_v to_o ringmere_n near_o ipswich_n where_o duke_n ulfketel_fw-mi reside_v on_o the_o first_o of_o may_v they_o fight_v a_o set_a battle_n with_o he_o where_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n the_o east-english_a turn_v their_o back_n on_o turketel_a a_o dane_n begin_v the_o fight_n but_o the_o cambridgeshire_n man_n fight_v manful_o for_o their_o country_n and_o liberty_n resist_v the_o dane_n a_o long_a time_n but_o at_o last_o be_v overpowr_v with_o multitude_n they_o likewise_z sle_z many_o noble_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n and_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o fight_n the_o dane_n gain_v the_o victory_n and_o thereby_o east-england_n turn_v all_o horseman_n and_o run_v through_o the_o country_n for_o three_o month_n space_n burn_v cambridge_n thetford_n with_o all_o the_o town_n and_o village_n in_o those_o part_n slay_v all_o the_o people_n they_o meet_v with_o as_o well_o woman_n and_o child_n as_o man_n toss_v their_o very_a infant_n on_o the_o â—ops_n of_o their_o pike_n waste_v pillage_v all_o place_n kill_v the_o cattle_n they_o can_v not_o eat_v and_o with_o a_o infinite_a rich_a booty_n their_o footman_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n but_o their_o horseman_n march_v to_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n go_v first_o into_o oxfordshireâ—_n and_o from_o thence_o into_o buckingham_n hertford_n and_o bedford_n shire_n burn_a village_n and_o kill_v both_o man_n and_o beast_n and_o whole_o depopulate_v the_o country_n then_o they_o retire_v lade_v with_o very_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n after_o this_o about_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n andrew_n they_o ramble_v through_o northamptonshire_n burn_v and_o waste_v all_o the_o country_n together_o with_o northampton_n itself_o then_o march_v westward_o into_o wiltshire_n they_o burn_v pillage_v depopulate_v the_o country_n leave_v all_o those_o county_n like_o a_o desolate_a wilderness_n 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their_o desire_n yer_z they_o desist_v not_o from_o their_o rapine_n but_o march_v in_o troop_n through_o the_o province_n waste_v the_o village_n every_o where_o spoil_v most_o of_o the_o miserable_a people_n of_o their_o good_n and_o some_o of_o their_o life_n at_o last_o not_o satisfy_v with_o rapine_n and_o bloodshed_n between_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n mary_n and_o st._n michael_n they_o besiege_v canterbury_n contrary_a to_o their_o dear_a buy_a peace_n and_o by_o the_o treachery_n of_o archdeacon_n almear_v take_v the_o city_n which_o they_o pillage_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n together_o with_o the_o church_n therein_o burn_v some_o of_o the_o citizen_n in_o the_o fire_n slay_v other_o of_o they_o cast_v many_o of_o they_o headlong_o over_o the_o wall_n drag_v the_o woman_n by_o the_o hair_n about_o the_o street_n and_o ravish_v and_o murder_v they_o after_o which_o they_o decimate_v the_o man_n woman_n monk_n and_o little_a child_n that_o remain_v leave_v only_o the_o ten_o of_o they_o alive_a and_o murder_v the_o rest_n slay_v no_o
huntindon_n wigorniensis_n and_o other_o record_v make_v a_o edict_n ut_fw-la quicunque_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sanus_fw-la esset_fw-la secum_fw-la 8._o in_o bello_fw-la procederet_fw-la that_o every_o englishman_n who_o be_v in_o health_n shall_v go_v with_o he_o in_o battle_n against_o the_o dane_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n upon_o this_o assemble_v together_o to_o assist_v he_o but_o when_o he_o and_o his_o son_n edmond_n force_n be_v conjoin_v in_o one_o body_n the_o king_n be_v inform_v that_o some_o of_o his_o auxiliaries_n be_v ready_a to_o betray_v and_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o enemy_n unless_o he_o take_v care_n to_o prevent_v it_o and_o save_v himself_o and_o as_o some_o write_v the_o mercian_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o dane_n whereupon_o the_o expedition_n be_v give_v over_o and_o every_o man_n return_v to_o his_o own_o home_n after_o this_o edmund_n ironside_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n than_o before_o against_o cnute_n and_o send_v messenger_n to_o king_n ethelred_n to_o london_n to_o raise_v as_o many_o man_n as_o possible_a he_o can_v and_o speedy_o to_o come_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o dane_n but_o he_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v betray_v to_o the_o enemy_n present_o dismiss_v the_o army_n without_o fight_v and_o return_v to_o london_n hereupon_o ed._n ironside_n go_v into_o northumberland_n where_o some_o imagine_v he_o will_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n against_o cnute_n the_o dane_n but_o he_o and_o vhtred_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n instead_o of_o encounter_v cnute_n waste_v the_o county_n of_o stafford_n shrewsbury_n and_o leicester_n because_o they_o will_v not_o go_v forth_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n army_n in_o defence_n of_o 8._o their_o country_n and_o king_n cnute_n on_o the_o other_o side_n waste_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o county_n of_o buckingham_n bedford_z huntindon_n northampton_n lincoln_n nottingham_n and_o after_o that_o northumberland_n which_o edmond_n be_v inform_v of_o return_v to_o london_n to_o his_o father_n and_o earl_n uhtre_v return_v home_n be_v compel_v by_o necessity_n repair_v to_o cnute_n and_o submit_v himself_o to_o he_o with_o all_o the_o northumbrian_n make_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o and_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o performance_n thereof_o and_o for_o he_o and_o their_o fidelity_n not_o long_o after_o uhtre_v and_o turketel_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n be_v both_o treacherous_o slay_v by_o turebrand_n a_o dane_n by_o cnutes_n command_n or_o commission_n which_o do_v cnute_n make_v one_o hirc_n some_o style_v he_o egric_fw-la earl_n of_o northumberland_n in_o his_o place_n and_o then_o return_v with_o all_o his_o army_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o triumph_n a_o little_a before_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n with_o a_o very_a great_a booty_n not_o long_o after_o king_n ethelred_n bear_v to_o trouble_n and_o mischief_n after_o manifold_a labour_n vexation_n treachery_n and_o incessant_a tribulation_n end_v his_o wretched_a life_n in_o london_n where_o he_o die_v may_n 9th_o anno_fw-la 1016._o being_n there_o bury_v in_o st_n paul_n church_n find_v rest_n in_o his_o grave_n by_o death_n which_o he_o can_v never_o find_v in_o his_o throne_n all_o his_o life_n have_v attain_v it_o by_o treachery_n and_o his_o brother_n sovereign_n murder_n 10._o who_o ghost_n as_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o write_v do_v perpetual_o vex_v and_o haunt_v he_o all_o his_o reign_n and_o make_v he_o so_o subject_a to_o and_o fearful_a of_o plot_n and_o treachery_n that_o he_o know_v not_o who_o to_o trust_v nor_o ever_o deem_v himself_o secure_a even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o oft_o raise_a army_n noble_n people_z though_o ready_a to_o adventure_v their_o life_n for_o his_o defence_n i_o have_v relate_v these_o passage_n of_o the_o danish_a war_n and_o invasion_n during_o ethelreds_n reign_n more_o large_o than_o i_o intend_v 1._o because_o on_o the_o englishmâ—ns_n part_n they_o be_v mere_o defensive_a of_o their_o native_a country_n king_n law_n liberty_n property_n estate_n life_n against_o foreign_a invader_n and_o â—…rpers_n 2_o because_o they_o more_o or_o less_o relate_v to_o my_o forementioned_a proposition_n touch-the_a fundamental_a right_n liberty_n property_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 3_o because_o they_o show_v forth_o unto_o we_o the_o true_a original_a ground_n cause_n motive_n necessity_n and_o manner_n of_o grant_v the_o very_a first_o civil_a tax_n and_o tribute_n mention_v in_o our_o history_n by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n in_o their_o general_n council_n to_o the_o danish_a invader_n to_o purchase_v peace_n and_o the_o true_a nature_n use_v of_o our_o ancient_a danegelt_n and_o rectify_v some_o mistake_n in_o our_o common_a late_a english_a historian_n immediate_o after_o king_n ethelreds_n decease_n spelm._n episcopi_fw-la 1016._o abbates_n deuce_n et_fw-la quique_fw-la nobiliores_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la as_o wigornienâ—…s_n hoveden_n â—…n_o duneâ—…s_v râ—…us_fw-fr de_fw-fr diceâ—o_n bromton_n or_o maxima_fw-la pars_fw-la regni_fw-la tam_fw-la clericorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la congregati_fw-la 〈◊〉_d matthew_n westminster_n or_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la clero_fw-la as_o knyghton_n express_v it_o pari_fw-la consensu_fw-la in_o dominum_fw-la et_fw-la regem_fw-la canntum_fw-la eligere_fw-la all_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o chief_a clergy_n and_o laity_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o kind_n of_o parliamentary_a council_n by_o unanimous_a conient_a elect_a cnute_n for_o their_o lord_n and_o king_n notwithstanding_o their_o solemn_a vow_n and_o engagement_n but_o the_o year_n before_o never_o to_o suffer_v a_o danish_a king_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o whereupon_o they_o all_o repair_v â—o_o cnute_n to_o southampton_n speed_n omnemque_fw-la progeniem_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelredi_fw-la coram_fw-la illo_fw-la abhorrentes_fw-la et_fw-la abnegando_fw-la repudiantes_fw-la as_o wigorâ—iâ—â—_n sis_fw-la huntindon_n knyghton_n and_o other_o record_v and_o there_o in_o his_o presence_n abhor_v and_o utter_o renounce_v and_o abjure_v all_o the_o progeny_n of_o king_n ethelred_n they_o submit_v themselves_o and_o swear_v â—eâ—lty_a to_o he_o as_o to_o their_o only_a king_n and_o sovereign_a he_o reciprocal_o then_o swear_v unto_o they_o that_o he_o will_v be_v a_o faithful_a lord_n unto_o they_o both_o in_o thing_n appertain_v to_o god_n and_o the_o world_n which_o our_o historian_n thus_o express_v quibus_fw-la ille_fw-la jurauâ—t_fw-la quoa_o &_o secundum_fw-la deum_fw-la &_o secundum_fw-la seculum_fw-la fidelis_fw-la illis_fw-la foret_fw-la dominus_fw-la only_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o part_n of_o the_o noble_n then_o in_o it_o unanimous_o choose_v and_o cry_v up_o ed._n ironside_n king_n ethelreds_n 3._o son_n by_o elgina_n his_o first_o 8._o wife_n daughter_n to_o duke_n thore_v as_o speed_n and_o other_o relate_v though_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o register_v his_o birth_n non_fw-la ex_fw-la emma_n regma_n sed_fw-la ex_fw-la quadam_fw-la ignobili_fw-la foemina_fw-la generatus_fw-la qui_fw-la utique_fw-la matris_fw-la suae_fw-la ignobilitatem_fw-la generis_fw-la mentis_fw-la ingenuitate_fw-la &_o corporis_fw-la strâ—…it_fw-la te_fw-la redintegrando_fw-la redemit_fw-la after_o edmond_n election_n he_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o live_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n at_o kingston_n upon_o thames_n where_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n be_v usual_o crown_v no_o soon_o be_v he_o thus_o advance_v to_o the_o regal_a dignity_n but_o he_o present_o march_v undaunted_o into_o west-sex_n and_o be_v there_o receive_v by_o all_o the_o people_n with_o great_a gratulation_n and_o joy_n he_o most_o speedy_o subject_v it_o to_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v divulge_v in_o other_o part_n many_o county_n of_o england_n desert_v cnute_n voluntary_o submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o such_o be_v the_o sickleness_n of_o the_o people_n &_o unconstancy_n of_o worldly_a power_n and_o affair_n â—nutâ—_n cnute_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o the_o londoner_n for_o make_v edmond_n king_n march_v to_o london_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o fleet_n besiege_v and_o block_v up_o the_o city_n with_o his_o ship_n draw_v up_o the_o thames_n on_o the_o westside_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o then_o draw_v a_o large_a and_o deep_a trench_n round_o about_o the_o city_n from_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o river_n whereby_o he_o intercept_v all_o ingress_n and_o egress_n to_o the_o citizen_n and_o other_o who_o he_o shut_v up_o so_o close_o that_o none_o can_v go_v in_o or_o out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o endeavour_v by_o many_o strong_a assault_n to_o force_v it_o but_o be_v still_o repulse_v by_o the_o citizen_n who_o valiant_o defend_v the_o wall_n he_o leave_v off_o the_o siege_n with_o great_a confusion_n and_o loss_n as_o well_o as_o dishonour_v thence_o he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o dorsetshire_n to_o subdue_v it_o where_o king_n edmond_n meet_v he_o with_o such_o force_n as_o he_o can_v sudden_o raise_v give_v he_o battle_n at_o penham_n near_o gillingham_n where_o
after_o a_o bloody_a and_o cruel_a encounter_n he_o put_v cnute_n and_o his_o army_n to_o slight_v and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o not_o long_o after_o they_o recruit_v their_o force_n both_o army_n meet_v at_o steorstan_n king_n edmond_n resolve_v there_o to_o give_v cnute_n battle_n place_v the_o most_o expert_a and_o valiant_a of_o his_o soldier_n in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a who_o come_v flock_v in_o to_o he_o he_o keep_v for_o a_o reserve_n in_o the_o rear_n then_o call_v upon_o every_o of_o they_o by_o name_n he_o exhort_v and_o inform_v they_o that_o they_o now_o fight_v for_o their_o country_n for_o their_o child_n for_o their_o wife_n for_o their_o house_n and_o liberty_n inflame_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o soldier_n with_o his_o excellent_a speech_n in_o this_o battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n he_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o a_o valiant_a soldier_n and_o good_a general_n charge_v very_o courageous_o but_o because_o that_o most_o perfidious_a 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danish_a army_n incline_v to_o slight_a and_o the_o english_a about_o to_o gain_v the_o victory_n begin_v to_o fly_v with_o the_o wagesetensians_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n which_o he_o command_v as_o he_o former_o promise_v to_o cnute_n that_o circumvent_a his_o lord_n king_n edmond_n and_o the_o english_a army_n with_o deceit_n he_o give_v the_o victory_n to_o the_o dane_n by_o his_o treachery_n and_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o all_o our_o writer_n he_o here_o give_v the_o great_a wound_n to_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o nation_n that_o ever_o they_o receive_v in_o any_o former_a battle_n duke_n alfric_n duke_n godwin_n duke_n ulfketel_n duke_n aethelward_n ailward_n son_n of_o duke_n alke_v and_o all_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o english_a nobility_n together_o with_o eadnoth_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o abbot_z wulfius_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la exorandum_fw-la deum_fw-la pro_fw-la milite_fw-la bellum_fw-la agente_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la with_o a_o infinite_a 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audience_n thaâ—…_n we_o may_v utter_v no_o doubtful_a sentence_n of_o thing_n certaiâ—…_n and_o apparent_a a_o perilous_a thing_n be_v act_v we_o suffeâ—…_n evil_a thing_n we_o discern_v worse_a we_o fear_v the_o worst_a oâ—_n all_o we_o fight_v daily_o neither_o do_v we_o overcome_v nor_o yet_o be_v we_o vanquish_v yeaâ—_n we_o be_v overcome_v and_o yet_o no_o man_n vanquisheth_z for_o how_o be_v we_o not_o overcome_v who_o be_v wound_v who_o be_v oppress_v who_o be_v weary_v who_o be_v distress_v by_o force_n who_o be_v spoil_v by_o arm_n neither_o fly_v we_o since_o there_o be_v none_o who_o may_v assault_v we_o neither_o do_v we_o assault_v since_o courage_n fail_v on_o both_o side_n how_o long_o shall_v it_o be_v ere_o we_o see_v a_o end_n of_o these_o wonderful_a thing_n when_o shall_v there_o be_v rest_n from_o this_o labour_n tranquillity_n from_o this_o storm_n security_n from_o this_o fear_n certain_o edmond_n be_v invincible_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o wonderful_a 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he_o be_v about_o to_o speak_v more_o all_z the_o people_z shut_v up_o his_o speech_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o jaw_n if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v cry_v out_o and_o say_n aut_fw-la pugnent_fw-la ipsi_fw-la aut_fw-la component_n let_v they_o fight_v themselves_o or_o let_v they_o compound_v his_o speech_n record_v in_o bromton_n hen_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n speed_n and_o other_o be_v much_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n though_o different_a in_o some_o expression_n ay_o matthew_n westmininster_n bring_v in_o edric_n speak_v 400._o only_o thus_o to_o the_o noble_n o_o insensati_fw-la nobiles_fw-la et_fw-la armis_fw-la potentes_fw-la cur_n toties_fw-la morimur_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la pro_fw-la regibus_fw-la cum_fw-la ipsi_fw-la nobis_fw-la morientibus_fw-la nec_fw-la regnum_fw-la obtineant_fw-la nec_fw-la avaritiae_fw-la suae_fw-la finem_fw-la imponant_fw-la pugnent_fw-la consulto_fw-la singulariter_fw-la qui_fw-la singulariter_fw-la regnare_fw-la contendâ—nt_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la 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you_o ought_v not_o to_o speak_v harsh_o to_o i_o nor_o suffer_v any_o evil_a to_o be_v do_v unto_o i_o for_o you_o have_v never_o enjoy_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n but_o by_o my_o mean_n for_o out_o of_o love_n to_o thou_o i_o have_v first_o betray_v king_n ethelred_n after_o that_o i_o desert_a edmond_n my_o proper_a and_o natural_a lord_n and_o afterward_o i_o foreplot_v his_o death_n and_o murder_v my_o just_a and_o true_a liege_n lord_n out_o of_o my_o fidelity_n 8._o towards_o thou_o to_o bring_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n unto_o thou_o and_o do_v thou_o so_o light_o vilify_v so_o great_a love_n confer_v on_o thou_o for_o which_o i_o never_o receive_v any_o benefit_n or_o profit_n from_o thou_o at_o which_o speech_n cnute_n change_v his_o countenance_n express_v his_o fury_n by_o its_o redness_n present_o pronounce_v this_o sentence_n against_o he_o say_v and_o thou_o shall_v deserve_o die_v thou_o most_o perfidious_a traitor_n see_v by_o thy_o own_o confession_n thou_o be_v 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stand_v and_o pity_v the_o english_a take_v away_o edmond_n lest_o if_o the_o king_n have_v continue_v long_o together_o they_o shall_v have_v both_o live_v in_o danger_n and_o the_o realm_n in_o continual_a trouble_n his_o reign_n continue_v only_o seven_o month_n in_o which_o time_n he_o fight_v seven_o or_o eight_o battle_n in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n people_z and_o their_o liberty_n beside_o his_o single_a duel_n with_o cnute_n and_o by_o his_o untimely_a death_n the_o english_a saxon_a monarchy_n be_v devolve_v to_o the_o dane_n who_o by_o treachery_n and_o the_o sword_n for_o three_o descent_n deprive_v the_o english_a saxon_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n through_o divine_a retaliation_n as_o they_o have_v unjust_o by_o treachery_n and_o the_o sword_n dispossess_v and_o disinherit_v the_o briton_n thereof_o about_o 450_o year_n before_o as_o 359._o henry_n huntindon_n 883._o bromton_n 56._o radulphus_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la 222._o mr._n fox_n 398._o speed_n and_o 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canterbury_n succeed_v in_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n non_fw-fr successione_n haereditaria_fw-la sed_fw-la armorum_fw-la violentia_fw-la as_o 1782._o william_n thorne_n observe_v injust_a quidem_fw-la regnum_fw-la ingressus_fw-la sed_fw-la magna_fw-la civilitate_fw-la et_fw-la fortitudine_fw-la vitam_fw-la componens_fw-la write_v 73._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n whereupon_o the_o better_a to_o fortify_v his_o military_a title_n with_o a_o seem_a public_a election_n by_o the_o noble_n and_o nation_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o their_o open_a disclaimer_n and_o renunciation_n of_o any_o right_a or_o title_n either_o in_o king_n edmond_n son_n or_o brethren_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n to_o settle_v it_o in_o perpetuity_n on_o himself_o and_o his_o posterity_n he_o cnute_n command_v all_o the_o bishop_n duke_n prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n to_o be_v assemble_v together_o at_o london_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n where_o when_o they_o be_v all_o meet_v together_o in_o his_o presence_n he_o most_o crafty_o demand_v of_o they_o as_o if_o he_o be_v ignorant_a who_o be_v the_o witness_n between_o he_o and_o edmond_n ironside_n when_o they_o make_v their_o agreementâ—…_n and_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n between_o they_o what_o manner_n of_o conference_n there_o then_o be_v between_o he_o and_o edmond_n concern_v his_o brethren_n and_o son_n whether_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o edmond_n brethren_n or_o child_n to_o reign_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n after_o his_o death_n by_o any_o special_a reservation_n or_o agreement_n between_o they_o in_o case_n edmond_n shall_v die_v in_o his_o life-time_n who_o he_o have_v design_v to_o be_v his_o heir_n who_o he_o have_v appoint_v to_o be_v guardian_n to_o his_o son_n during_o their_o infancy_n and_o what_o he_o have_v command_v concern_v his_o brother_n alfred_n and_o edward_n to_o which_o they_o all_o answer_v both_o false_o and_o slatter_o say_v that_o they_o do_v most_o certain_o know_v king_n edmond_n neither_o live_v nor_o die_v have_v commend_v or_o give_v no_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o brethren_n and_o they_o do_v likewise_o know_v that_o it_o be_v king_n edmond_n will_v that_o cnute_n shall_v be_v the_o guardian_n and_o protector_n of_o his_o son_n 8._o and_o of_o the_o realm_n until_o they_o be_v of_o age_n to_o reign_v call_v god_n himself_o to_o witness_v the_o truth_n hereof_o o_o the_o strange_a temporize_a falsity_n treachery_n perjury_n of_o man_n in_o all_o age_n but_o though_o they_o thus_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v yet_o they_o give_v a_o false_a testimony_n and_o fraudulent_o lie_v prefer_v a_o lie_n before_o the_o truth_n be_v forgetful_a of_o justice_n unmindful_a of_o nature_n unjust_a witness_n rise_v up_o against_o innocency_n and_o betrayer_n of_o their_o own_o blood_n and_o country_n when_o as_o they_o all_o well_o know_v that_o edmond_n have_v design_v his_o brethren_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n and_o appoint_v they_o to_o be_v guardian_n of_o his_o child_n think_v by_o this_o their_o false_a testimony_n to_o please_v king_n cnute_n to_o make_v he_o more_o mild_a and_o gracious_a to_o they_o and_o that_o
but_o he_o be_v there_o slay_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o the_o country_n by_o divine_a vengeance_n he_o be_v a_o chief_a inciter_n of_o the_o death_n of_o st._n alphege_n 2._o 404._o the_o english_a &_o dane_n an._n 1022._o in_o colloquio_fw-la apud_fw-la 1022._o oxoniam_fw-la celebrato_fw-la de_fw-la legibus_fw-la regi_fw-la edwardi_fw-la prâ—…i_fw-la tenendis_fw-la coucorde_n facti_fw-la sunt_fw-la unde_fw-la eisdem_fw-la legibus_fw-la jubente_fw-la rege_fw-la cnutone_n ab_fw-la anglica_n lingua_fw-la in_o latinam_fw-la translatis_fw-la tà m_fw-la in_o dania_n quam_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it propter_fw-la earum_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la 5._o à _fw-la rege_fw-la praefato_fw-la observari_fw-la jubentur_fw-la as_o mat._n westminster_n relate_v anno_fw-la 1022._o so_o as_o he_o impose_v no_o new_a law_n on_o they_o nor_o revive_v old_a but_o only_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n both_o of_o english_a and_o danes_n 11_o king_n cnute_n in_o the_o year_n 1023._o do_v so_o careful_o 1023._o endeavour_v to_o reform_v all_o thing_n wherein_o himself_o or_o his_o ancestor_n have_v offend_v as_o he_o seem_v to_o wipe_v away_o prioris_fw-la injustitiae_fw-la naevum_fw-la the_o blot_n of_o his_o former_a injustice_n as_o well_o with_o god_n as_o with_o man_n and_o by_o the_o exhortation_n of_o queen_n emma_n study_v to_o reconcile_v all_o the_o 5._o english_a to_o himself_o he_o bestow_v many_o gift_n upon_o they_o et_fw-la insuper_fw-la bonas_fw-la leges_fw-la omnibus_fw-la et_fw-la placentes_fw-la promisit_fw-la and_o moreover_o promise_v good_a and_o please_a law_n to_o all_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o win_v and_o knit_v the_o people_n heart_n 11._o anno_fw-la 1024._o cnute_n lead_v a_o army_n of_o english_a 1024._o and_o dane_n against_o the_o swede_n whereof_o he_o lose_v many_o in_o the_o first_o battle_n the_o next_o day_n when_o he_o appoint_v again_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o earl_n godwin_n general_n of_o the_o enlish_a militia_n without_o king_n cnutes_n privity_n resolve_v with_o his_o english_a force_n alone_o to_o invade_v the_o swedish_n enemy_n in_o the_o night_n whereupon_o use_v this_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n ut_fw-la pristinae_fw-la gloriae_fw-la memores_fw-la robur_fw-la suum_fw-la oculis_fw-la novi_fw-la domini_fw-la asserent_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o all_o valiant_o assault_v the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n slay_v a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o they_o and_o 8._o compel_v the_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n ulf_n and_o eglaf_n to_o yield_v to_o term_n of_o peace_n cnute_n prepare_v to_o fight_v very_o early_a the_o next_o morning_n think_v the_o english_a have_v be_v either_o flee_v away_o or_o revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n but_o march_v to_o the_o enemy_n tent_n and_o find_v nothing_o but_o the_o blood_n and_o carcase_n of_o those_o the_o english_a have_v slay_v he_o thereupon_o ever_o after_o have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n who_o by_o this_o their_o victory_n comitatum_fw-la duci_fw-la sibi_fw-la laudem_fw-la paraverunt_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n cnute_n return_v joyful_a of_o this_o victory_n into_o england_n and_o bestow_v a_o earldom_n on_o godwin_n for_o this_o service_n in_o the_o year_n 1027._o cnute_n hear_v that_o the_o norwegian_n 1030._o disesteem_v olaus_n their_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o simplicity_n bribe_v his_o noble_n with_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n other_o and_o silver_n to_o reject_v olaus_n and_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o do_v the_o next_o year_n he_o sail_v into_o norwey_n with_o 50_o ship_n thrust_v olaus_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o subdue_v his_o realm_n to_o himself_o whence_o return_v into_o england_n an._n 1029._o hâ—conem_fw-la danicum_fw-la comitem_fw-la quasi_fw-la legationis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_fw-la exilium_fw-la misit_fw-la because_o he_o have_v marry_v gunilda_n a_o noble_a matron_n daughter_n of_o the_o king_n of_o vandal_n unde_fw-la metuebat_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la vel_fw-la à _fw-la vitâ_fw-la privari_fw-la vel_fw-la à rregno_fw-la expelli_fw-la who_o be_v after_o drown_v in_o the_o sea_n or_o slay_v in_o the_o orcades_n anno_fw-la 1030._o in_o which_o year_n robert_n duke_n 6._o of_o normandy_n go_v to_o jerusalem_n apud_fw-la fischamium_n proceres_fw-la ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la vocavit_fw-la ibique_fw-la gulielmum_fw-la filium_fw-la suum_fw-la haeredem_fw-la sibi_fw-la constituens_fw-la fecit_fw-la omnes_fw-la ei_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la jurare_fw-la and_o the_o same_o year_n the_o norwegian_n cruel_o murder_v olaus_n their_o king_n doctor_n preacher_n and_o apostle_n with_o a_o axe_n indignabatur_fw-la enim_fw-la gens_n illa_fw-la pagana_fw-la et_fw-la cruentissima_fw-la quod_fw-la primus_fw-la leges_fw-la et_fw-la superstitiosas_fw-la idem_fw-la sanctus_fw-la rex_fw-la olaus_n praedicando_fw-la docendo_fw-la evangelizando_fw-la statuendo_fw-la evacuaret_fw-la but_o cnutes_n gold_n be_v the_o prime_a cause_n thereof_o to_o get_v his_o crown_n as_o he_o have_v do_v his_o realm_n and_o edmond_n ironsides_n for_o who_o soul_n he_o pray_v and_o offer_v a_o rich_a embroider_a pale_a on_o his_o tomb_n at_o glastonbury_n anno_fw-la 1026._o hoc_fw-la autem_fw-la fecisse_fw-la creditur_fw-la ne_fw-la in_o mortem_fw-la ejus_fw-la cui_fw-la in_o certamine_fw-la singulari_fw-la confoederatus_fw-la fuerat_fw-la consenssisse_fw-la videretur_fw-la write_v 405._o mat._n westminster_n other_o king_n cnute_n anno_fw-la 1031_o to_o palliate_v his_o usurpation_n 1031._o of_o other_o man_n crown_n with_o the_o show_n of_o devotion_n travel_v to_o rome_n in_o very_o great_a pomp_n where_o he_o offer_v very_o great_a gift_n in_o gold_n silver_z rich_a vestment_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o obtain_v from_o pope_n john_n that_o the_o english_a school_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o tribute_n in_o his_o go_n and_o return_v he_o not_o only_o give_v large_a alm_n to_o the_o poor_a but_o likewise_o remove_v and_o delete_v many_o nnjust_a toll_n and_o tax_n exact_v from_o such_o who_o travel_v to_o rome_n give_v a_o great_a price_n to_o abolish_v they_o he_o solemn_o vow_v to_o god_n before_o the_o sepulchre_n of_o the_o apostle_n peter_n a_o reformation_n both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o manner_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o he_o write_v a_o letter_n from_o rome_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o york_n all_o the_o bishop_n nobles_z and_o ruler_n and_o to_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n as_o well_o noble_n as_o plebeian_n wherein_o he_o certify_v they_o that_o he_o have_v procure_v from_o the_o emp._n of_o germany_n king_n rodolphus_n the_o pope_n and_o other_o prince_n a_o release_n of_o all_o unjust_a toll_n and_o tax_n exact_v of_o his_o people_n as_o they_o travel_v out_o of_o devotion_n towards_o rome_n and_o of_o the_o vast_a sum_n of_o money_n which_o the_o archbishop_n pay_v to_o the_o pope_n for_o their_o pall_v after_o which_o he_o in_o 4._o form_n they_o that_o he_o have_v vow_v to_o justify_v his_o life_n to_o god_n himself_o in_o all_o thing_n to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n and_o nation_n under_o his_o subjection_n just_o and_o pious_o to_o observe_v just_a judgement_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o if_o through_o the_o intemperance_n or_o negligence_n of_o his_o youth_n he_o have_v hitherto_o do_v any_o nota._n thing_n beside_o that_o which_o be_v just_a that_o he_o promise_v by_o god_n assistance_n to_o reform_v it_o all_o therefore_o i_o obtest_v and_o command_v all_o my_o counsellor_n to_o who_o i_o have_v commit_v the_o counsel_n and_o justice_n of_o my_o realm_n that_o by_o no_o mean_n either_o for_o fear_n of_o i_o or_o through_o favour_n to_o any_o potent_a person_n they_o shall_v from_o henceforth_o do_v any_o injustice_n or_o cause_v it_o to_o sprout_v up_o in_o all_o my_o kingdom_n likewise_o i_o command_v all_o the_o sheriff_n and_o officer_n throughout_o my_o realm_n as_o they_o desire_v to_o enjoy_v my_o favour_n or_o their_o own_o safety_n that_o they_o do_v no_o unjust_a violence_n to_o any_o man_n neither_o to_o rich_a nor_o poor_a but_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o all_o as_o well_o noble_a as_o ignoble_a to_o enjoy_v justice_n and_o right_n from_o which_o they_o may_v not_o deviate_v in_o any_o manner_n neither_o for_o regal_a favour_n nor_o for_o the_o person_n of_o any_o potent_a man_n nec_fw-la propter_fw-la mihi_fw-la congerendam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la quia_fw-la nulla_fw-la mihi_fw-la necessitas_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la iniqua_fw-la exactione_n pecunia_fw-la mihi_fw-la congeratur_fw-la nor_o yet_o for_o raise_v oâ—â—eâ—ping_v up_o money_n to_o i_o because_o there_o be_v vo_o necessity_n for_o i_o and_o let_v those_o who_o now_o plead_v necessity_n both_o for_o their_o own_o illegal_a impose_v levy_v of_o unjust_a uncessant_a heavy_a tax_n impost_n excise_n on_o our_o nation_n without_o grant_n and_o common_a consent_n in_o parliament_n consider_v it_o that_o money_n shall_v be_v raise_v and_o collect_v for_o my_o use_n by_o a_o injust_a exaction_n after_o this_o he_o enjoin_v they_o by_o this_o leâ—…r_n to_o pay_v all_o debt_n and_o duty_n due_a by_o the_o ancient_a law_n as_o tithe_n of_o their_o corn_n and_o cattle_n peter_n penny_n and_o first_o fruit_n at_o the_o
ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la deducatur_fw-la sed_fw-la justitia_fw-la pacificans_fw-la pro_fw-la necessitate_v populi_fw-la exquiratur_fw-la ne_fw-la pro_fw-la levi_fw-la re_fw-la opus_fw-la manuum_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o svi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la pretium_fw-la quod_fw-la profundè_fw-la redemit_fw-la desperet_fw-la lex_fw-la 26._o praecipimus_fw-la nè_fw-la christiani_n passim_fw-la in_o exilio_fw-la vendantur_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o gentilitatem_fw-la nè_fw-la forte_fw-fr pereant_fw-la animae_fw-la quas_fw-la propria_fw-la vita_fw-la sua_fw-la mercatus_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la jesus_n christus_fw-la lex_fw-la 31._o omnis_fw-la injustitia_fw-la deinceps_fw-la opprimatur_fw-la burgbotam_fw-la 9_o &_o brigbotam_fw-la &_o scipforthunga_n &_o frothunga_n qui_fw-la navigii_fw-la vel_fw-la expeditionis_fw-la sonant_fw-la apparatum_fw-la sedulo_fw-la procuremus_fw-la cum_fw-la necesse_fw-la fuerit_fw-la ad_fw-la common_a regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la commodum_fw-la et_fw-la perquiramus_fw-la simul_fw-la modis_fw-la oâ—…_n quo_fw-la modo_fw-la praecipuum_fw-la possit_fw-la consilium_fw-la ad_fw-la profectum_fw-la populi_fw-la obtineri_fw-la rectaque_fw-la christianitas_fw-la propensius_fw-la erigi_fw-la &_o quicquid_fw-la injustum_fw-la est_fw-la solertius_fw-la enâ—rvari_fw-la lex_fw-la 34._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la deinceps_fw-la vnlage_n i._n e._n non_fw-la legem_fw-la erigat_fw-la vel_fw-la injustum_fw-la judicium_fw-la judicet_fw-la pro_fw-la laesione_n vel_fw-la aliqua_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la susceptione_n sit_fw-la erga_fw-la regem_fw-la cxx_o s._n reus_fw-la in_o anglorum_fw-la laga_fw-la nisi_fw-la cum_fw-la juramento_fw-la audeat_fw-la inveritare_fw-la quod_fw-la rectin_n nescivit_fw-la judicare_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la suae_fw-la legalitatis_fw-la semper_fw-la amittat_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la eam_fw-la redimat_fw-la erga_fw-la regem_fw-la sicut_fw-la ei_fw-la permittetur_fw-la in_o denelaga_n lathslithes_n reus_fw-la sit_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la juret_fw-la quod_fw-la melius_fw-la nescivit_fw-la lex_fw-la 36._o qui_fw-la aliquem_fw-la accusare_fw-la praesumat_fw-la unde_fw-la pecunia_fw-la vel_fw-la commodo_fw-la pejor_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o denique_fw-la mendacium_fw-la pernoscatur_fw-la linguam_fw-la svam_fw-la perdat_fw-la vel_fw-la weregildo_n redimatur_fw-la lex_fw-la 37._o nemo_fw-la regem_fw-la requiret_fw-la de_fw-la justitia_fw-la facienda_fw-la dum_fw-la ei_fw-la rectum_fw-la offertur_fw-la in_o hundredo_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o requiratur_fw-la hundredum_fw-la secundum_fw-la witam_n sicut_fw-la justum_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la 38._o et_fw-la habeatur_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la ter_z burgimotus_fw-la &_o scyremotus_fw-la bis_fw-la nisi_fw-la saepius_fw-la sit_fw-la necesse_fw-la et_fw-la inter_fw-la sit_fw-la episcopus_fw-la et_fw-la aldermannus_n et_fw-la doceant_fw-la ibi_fw-la deirectum_fw-la et_fw-la seculi_fw-la lex_fw-la 59_o non_fw-fr est_fw-fr in_o aliquo_fw-la tempore_fw-la concessa_fw-la injustitia_fw-la et_fw-la tamen_fw-la injustitia_fw-la est_fw-la festis_fw-la diebus_fw-la et_fw-la sanctificatis_fw-la locis_fw-la propensius_fw-la interdicta_fw-la semperque_fw-la sicui_fw-la homo_fw-la potentior_fw-la est_fw-la vel_fw-la majoris_fw-la ordinis_fw-la sic_fw-la debet_fw-la solertius_fw-la pro_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la seculo_fw-la quod_fw-la justum_fw-la est_fw-la emendaâ—e_fw-la et_fw-la ideo_fw-la gratam_fw-mi emendationem_fw-la sedulo_fw-la per_fw-la quiramus_fw-la de_fw-la scripture_n sanctis_fw-la et_fw-la seâ—_n cularem_fw-la juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la seculi_fw-la lex_fw-la 83._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la de_fw-la morte_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la quoquo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d modo_fw-la traectaverit_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la â—t_z omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la habebit_fw-la nisi_fw-la triplici_fw-la judicio_fw-la se_fw-la purget_fw-la lex_fw-la 91._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la burgbotam_fw-la vel_fw-la brigbotam_fw-la 1._o burgi_fw-la vel_fw-la pontis_fw-la refectionem_fw-la vel_fw-la firdfare_n 1._o in_o exercitum_fw-la ire_n supersedeat_fw-la emendet_fw-la hoc_fw-la erga_fw-la regem_fw-la c._n xx_o s._n in_o anglorum_fw-la laga_fw-la in_o denelaga_n sicut_fw-la lex_fw-la stetit_fw-la antea_fw-la vel_fw-la ita_fw-la se_fw-la adlegiet_fw-la nominentur_fw-la ei_fw-la 14._o et_fw-la acquirat_fw-la ex_fw-la eye_v 11._o lex_fw-la 96._o haec_fw-la est_fw-la alleviatio_fw-la quam_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la meo_fw-la praevidere_fw-la volo_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la nimis_fw-la omnino_fw-la fuerant_fw-la aggravati_fw-la praecipio_fw-la praepositis_fw-la meis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la meo_fw-la lucrentur_fw-la et_fw-la inde_fw-la mihi_fw-la serviant_fw-la et_fw-la nemo_fw-la cogatur_fw-la ad_fw-la firmae_fw-la adjutorium_fw-la aliquid_fw-la dare_v nisi_fw-la sponte_fw-la sua_fw-la velit_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la aliquem_fw-la inde_fw-la gravabit_fw-la werae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la erga_fw-la rogem_fw-la lex_fw-la 97._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la ex_fw-la hac_fw-la vita_fw-la decedat_fw-la sine_fw-la distributione_n rerum_fw-la suarum_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la incustodiam_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la mortem_fw-la improvisam_fw-la non_fw-la usurpet_fw-la dominus_fw-la ejus_fw-la de_fw-la pecunia_fw-la nisi_fw-la quantum_fw-la ad_fw-la justam_fw-la relevationem_fw-la pertinet_fw-la quae_fw-la anglicè_fw-la voco_fw-la hereget_fw-la sed_fw-la sit_fw-la secundnm_fw-la dictionem_fw-la ejus_fw-la ipsa_fw-la pecunia_fw-la recte_fw-la divisa_fw-la uxori_fw-la pveris_fw-la et_fw-la propinquis_fw-la unicuique_fw-la secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la et_fw-la sint_fw-la relevationes_fw-la it_o à _fw-la minutae_fw-la sicut_fw-la modus_fw-la est_fw-la comitis_fw-la sicut_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la octo_fw-la equi_fw-la quatuor_fw-la sellati_fw-la quatuor_fw-la insellati_fw-la et_fw-la galeae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la et_fw-la loricae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la cum_fw-la octo_fw-la lanceis_fw-la et_fw-la totidem_fw-la scutis_fw-la et_fw-la gladii_fw-la quatuor_fw-la et_fw-la cc._o marcae_fw-la auri_fw-la postea_fw-la thayni_n regis_fw-la qui_fw-la ei_fw-la proximus_fw-la sit_fw-la quatuor_fw-la equi_fw-la duo_fw-la sellati_fw-la et_fw-la duo_fw-la insellati_fw-la et_fw-la duo_fw-la gladii_fw-la et_fw-la quatuor_fw-la lanceae_fw-la et_fw-la totidem_fw-la scuta_fw-la et_fw-la galea_fw-la cum_fw-la lorica_fw-la sua_fw-la et_fw-la 50._o marcae_fw-la auri_fw-la et_fw-la mediocris_fw-la thayni_n equus_fw-la cum_fw-la apparatu_fw-la svo_fw-la et_fw-la arma_fw-la sua_fw-la vel_fw-la suum_fw-la halsfang_n in_o westsaxia_n in_fw-la mircenis_fw-la ij_o l._n in_fw-it estanglia_fw-it ij_o l._n et_fw-la si_fw-la notus_fw-la sit_fw-la regi_fw-la equi_fw-la duo_fw-la unus_fw-la cum_fw-la sella_fw-la et_fw-la alius_fw-la sine_fw-la sella_fw-la et_fw-la unus_fw-la gladius_fw-la et_fw-la dvae_fw-la lanceae_fw-la et_fw-la totidem_fw-la scuta_fw-la et_fw-la 50_o marcae_fw-la auri_fw-la et_fw-la qui_fw-la minus_fw-la potest_fw-la det_fw-la dvas_fw-la libras_fw-la lex_fw-la 104._o et_fw-la qui_fw-la fugiat_fw-la à _fw-la domino_fw-la vel_fw-la socio_fw-la svo_fw-la pro_fw-la timiditate_fw-la 9_o in_o expeditione_n navali_fw-la vel_fw-la terrestri_fw-la per_fw-la that_fw-mi omne_fw-la quod_fw-la suum_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la svam_fw-la ipsius_fw-la vitam_fw-la et_fw-la manus_fw-la mittat_fw-la dominus_fw-la ad_fw-la terram_fw-la quam_fw-la ei_fw-la antea_fw-la dederat_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la terram_fw-la haereditariam_fw-la habeat_fw-la ipsa_fw-la in_o manum_fw-la regis_fw-la transeat_fw-la lex_fw-la 105._o et_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la ante_fw-la dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la ceciderit_fw-la sit_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la sit_fw-la alibi_fw-la sint_fw-la relevatitone_n condonatae_fw-la et_fw-la habeant_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ejus_fw-la terram_fw-la sicut_fw-la et_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la svam_fw-la et_fw-la rectâ—_n dividant_a inter_fw-la se_fw-la lex_fw-la 107._o et_fw-la volo_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la pacem_fw-la habeat_fw-la eundo_fw-la ad_fw-la gemotum_fw-la vel_fw-la rediens_fw-la de_fw-la gemoto_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la placito_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la fur_n probatus_fw-la lex_fw-la 110._o qui_fw-la leges_fw-la istas_fw-la apostabit_fw-la quas_fw-la rex_fw-la modo_fw-la nobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la indulsit_fw-la sit_fw-la dacus_n sit_fw-la anglus_fw-la werae_fw-la suae_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la erga_fw-la regem_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la secundo_fw-la faciat_fw-la reddat_fw-la bis_fw-la weram_fw-la svam_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la addat_fw-la tertio_fw-la reus_fw-la sit_fw-la omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la habebit_fw-la in_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o law_n all_o corporal_a and_o pecuniary_a penalty_n and_o fine_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o offence_n and_o crime_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n and_o none_o leave_v arbitrary_a and_o by_o lex_fw-la 104_o 105._o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o military_a law_n as_o well_o as_o the_o civil_a &_o ecclesiastical_a be_v make_v in_o and_o by_o advice_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o great_a council_n the_o 913._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n inform_v we_o that_o king_n cnute_n per_fw-la chartam_fw-la svam_fw-la à _fw-la se_fw-la et_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la dedit_fw-la quam_fw-la cito_fw-la post_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la svo_fw-la apud_fw-la wintoniam_fw-la when_o and_o where_o those_o law_n be_v make_v coram_fw-la omnibus_fw-la 10._o regni_fw-la svi_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la give_v and_o confirm_v the_o manor_n of_o horning_n ludham_n and_o netershede_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o cowholm_n in_o norfolk_n and_o that_o one_o maynard_n ride_v towards_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n break_v his_o neck_n who_o have_v so_o incense_v the_o king_n against_o wulfric_n and_o the_o monk_n of_o this_o monastery_n that_o he_o threaten_v to_o put_v they_o to_o death_n what_o land_n and_o privilege_n he_o give_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o st._n cuthberts_n church_n in_o durham_n christs-church_n in_o canterbury_n and_o other_o monastery_n the_o t_o marginal_a author_n will_v inform_v 1910._o we_o about_o the_o year_n 1034._o life_n king_n cnute_n have_v obtain_v 1034._o the_o sovereign_a dominion_n of_o england_n scotland_n norwey_n a_o great_a part_n of_o sweden_n and_o of_o all_o denmark_n principal_o by_o the_o sword_n through_o the_o flattery_n of_o his_o follower_n who_o style_v he_o a_o king_n of_o all_o king_n most_o mighty_a
sovereign_n and_o the_o like_a who_o have_v under_o his_o subjection_n &_o dominion_n not_o only_o the_o people_n and_o land_n but_o the_o sea_n likewise_o &_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o great_a dominion_n be_v so_o much_o elevate_v with_o pride_n of_o heart_n that_o he_o once_o command_v the_o royal_a throne_n of_o his_o empire_n to_o be_v place_v on_o the_o sea_n shore_n near_o the_o water_n as_o the_o sea_n be_v flow_v in_o upon_o it_o and_o then_o step_v up_o into_o his_o throne_n &_o sit_v in_o it_o he_o speak_v thus_o to_o the_o sea_n in_o a_o imperious_a manner_n as_o if_o he_o be_v absolute_a sovereign_n of_o it_o tu_fw-la meae_fw-la ditionis_fw-la es_fw-la etc._n etc._n thou_o be_v under_o my_o dominion_n and_o part_n of_o my_o empire_n and_o the_o land_n on_o which_o i_o fit_a be_v i_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o one_o in_o it_o who_o dare_v resist_v my_o command_n without_o punishment_n therefore_o i_o now_o command_v thou_o that_o thou_o ascend_v and_o come_v not_o up_o upon_o my_o land_n nor_o yet_o presume_v to_o wet_v my_o royal_a robe_n nor_o the_o foot_n or_o member_n of_o thy_o sovereign_n but_o the_o sea_n notwithstanding_o this_o inhibition_n ascend_v after_o its_o accustom_a manner_n and_o nature_n and_o no_o way_n obey_v his_o command_n wet_a both_o his_o foot_n leg_n and_o royal_a robe_n without_o any_o reverence_n whereupon_o the_o king_n leap_v hasty_o out_o of_o his_o throne_n almost_o over-late_a and_o retire_v from_o the_o wave_n use_v these_o word_n lâ—t_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o world_n know_v that_o the_o power_n of_o king_n be_v but._n vain_a and_o frivolous_a and_o that_o no_o man_n be_v worthy_a the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n but_o he_o alone_o to_o who_o beck_n both_o heaven_n earth_n and_o the_o sea_n obey_v by_o everlasting_a law_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n superadde_v thereto_o as_o part_v of_o his_o speech_n which_o most_o other_o omit_v i_o be_o a_o wretch_n and_o a_o captive_n able_a to_o do_v nothing_o possess_v nothing_o without_o his_o gift_n i_o commend_v i_o recommend_v myself_o to_o he_o and_o let_v he_o be_v the_o guardian_n of_o debility_n amen_n after_o which_o king_n cnute_n never_o wear_v his_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n but_o put_v it_o upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o crucifix_n at_o winchester_n as_o most_o accord_n to_o the_o praise_n of_o the_o great_a king_n thereby_o give_v a_o great_a example_n of_o humility_n to_o king_n and_o conqueror_n who_o in_o the_o height_n of_o all_o their_o power_n can_v not_o command_v the_o sea_n or_o least_o wave_v not_o to_o flow_v or_o wash_v they_o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n conceive_v this_o to_o be_v before_o his_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n other_o express_o record_v it_o be_v after_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o who_o computation_n i_o here_o follow_v and_o therefore_o place_v it_o in_o this_o year_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1035._o king_n cnute_n a_o little_a before_o his_o death_n make_v this_o partition_n of_o his_o kingdom_n among_o 1035._o his_o son_n swain_n his_o son_n by_o q._n algiva_n or_o as_o some_o other_o affirm_v of_o a_o priest_n wife_n suborn_v by_o algiva_n as_o her_o own_o he_o make_v king_n of_o norwey_n his_o son_n hardecnute_a by_o queen_n emma_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o denmark_n as_o wigorniensis_n hoveden_n and_o other_o write_v yet_o some_o gainsay_v it_o that_o he_o make_v his_o son_n harold_n king_n of_o england_n and_o soon_o after_o die_v at_o shaftesbury_n november_n 12._o 1035._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o winchester_n immediate_o after_o his_o decease_n the_o noble_n meet_v at_o oxford_n about_o the_o election_n of_o a_o new_a king_n which_o our_o historian_n thus_o express_v convenerunt_fw-la apud_fw-la oxoniam_fw-la ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la as_o mat._n westm_n or_o placitum_fw-la magnum_fw-la as_o huntindon_n and_o other_o style_v it_o proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la novo_fw-la 6._o rege_fw-la creando_fw-la tractarent_fw-la ibidem_fw-la all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v in_o a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n or_o court_n at_o oxford_n that_o they_o may_v consult_v about_o the_o electiction_n of_o a_o new_a king_n which_o they_o will_v not_o have_v do_v have_v harold_n be_v make_v king_n of_o england_n before_o by_o cnute_n in_o his_o life_n time_n leofric_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n on_o the_o northside_n of_o the_o thames_n with_o all_o the_o danish_a prince_n and_o londoner_n who_o by_o converse_v with_o the_o dane_n among_o they_o be_v corrupt_v with_o their_o vice_n and_o addict_v to_o their_o party_n elect_a harold_n son_n of_o cnute_n by_o his_o concubine_n algiva_n who_o some_o aver_v to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o a_o tailor_n for_o their_o king_n but_o godwin_n earl_n of_o kent_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o western_a part_n of_o england_n contradict_v they_o will_v rather_o have_v elect_v hardecnute_a son_n of_o cnute_n by_o queen_n emma_n or_o one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o king_n ethelred_n and_o emma_n then_o in_o normandy_n after_o great_a strife_n and_o debate_n between_o the_o noble_n about_o the_o election_n because_o harold_n be_v there_o personal_o present_a but_o hardecnute_a then_o in_o denmark_n and_o alfred_n and_o edward_n in_o normandy_n harold_n party_n prevail_v against_o earl_n godwin_n qui_fw-la tandem_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o numero_fw-la minor_fw-la cessit_fw-la violentiae_fw-la whereupon_o harold_n be_v present_o crown_v king_n at_o oxford_n by_o elnothus_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n though_o at_o first_o he_o be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o perform_v that_o service_n for_o it_o be_v life_n report_v of_o he_o that_o he_o have_v the_o regal_a sceptre_n and_o crown_n in_o his_o custody_n refuse_v with_o a_o oath_n to_o consecrate_v any_o other_o for_o king_n so_o long_o as_o queen_n emma_n her_o child_n be_v live_v for_o say_v she_o cnute_n commit_v they_o to_o my_o trust_n and_o assurance_n and_o to_o they_o will_v i_o give_v my_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n this_o sceptre_n and_o crown_n therefore_o i_o here_o lay_v down_o upon_o the_o altar_n neither_o do_v i_o deny_v nor_o deliver_v they_o to_o you_o but_o i_o require_v by_o the_o apostolic_a authority_n all_o bishop_n that_o none_o of_o they_o presume_v to_o take_v the_o same_o away_o neither_o that_o they_o consecrate_v he_o king_n therewith_o as_o for_o yourself_o if_o you_o dare_v you_o may_v usurp_v that_o which_o i_o have_v commit_v to_o god_n on_o this_o table_n notwithstanding_o this_o great_a thunderclap_n be_v allay_v with_o the_o shower_n of_o golden_a promise_n of_o his_o just_a good_a and_o religious_a government_n intend_v though_o present_a experience_n manifest_v the_o contrary_a he_o be_v crown_v by_o he_o anno_fw-la anno._n 1035._o henry_n huntindon_n and_o other_o write_v that_o they_o elect_v he_o king_n only_o to_o keep_v the_o kingdom_n for_o his_o brother_n hardecnute_a then_o in_o denmark_n harold_n and_o the_o noble_n of_o west-sex_n who_o oppose_v his_o election_n upon_o advice_n take_v resolve_v that_o qneen_n emma_n wife_n of_o the_o decease_a king_n shall_v keep_v west-sex_n and_o winchester_n for_o the_o use_n of_o her_o son_n hard_a cnute_n and_o that_o earl_n godwin_n shall_v be_v their_o captain_n in_o military_a affair_n roger_n hoveden_n and_o other_o record_v that_o harold_n be_v elect_v king_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n obtain_v the_o royal_a dignity_n and_o begin_v to_o reign_v quia_fw-la iustùs_fw-la haeres_fw-la because_o he_o be_v a_o lawful_a heir_n yet_o he_o reign_v noâ—_n so_o powerful_o as_o cnute_n quia_fw-la justior_fw-la haeres_fw-la expectabatur_fw-la hard_a cnutus_n because_o a_o just_a heir_n hard_o cnute_n be_v expect_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o disagreement_n among_o the_o noble_n to_o please_v both_o party_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v thereupon_o divide_v by_o lot_n harold_n enjoy_v the_o northern_a part_n thereof_o and_o harde-cnutes_a friend_n retain_v the_o southern_a part_n of_o it_o for_o his_o use_n no_o soon_o be_v harold_n crown_v king_n but_o to_o secure_v himself_o the_o better_a in_o his_o throne_n he_o present_o post_v to_o winchester_n with_o his_o force_n where_o tyrannical_o and_o forcible_o take_v away_o all_o the_o treasure_n and_o good_n which_o cnute_n have_v leave_v to_o queen_n emma_n his_o mother-in-law_n he_o 2_o banish_v she_o out_o of_o england_n into_o flanders_n some_o write_v she_o be_v thus_o banish_v by_o the_o secret_a counsel_n and_o treachery_n of_o earl_n godwin_n who_o she_o have_v make_v general_n of_o her_o force_n for_o her_o preservation_n who_o prove_v unconstant_a and_o a_o traitor_n to_o she_o and_o her_o child_n where_o in_o this_o her_o distress_n she_o be_v honourable_o entertain_v by_o earl_n baldwin_n in_o the_o year_n 1036._o alfred_n elder_a son_n of_o king_n ethelred_n come_v over_o to_o claim_v his_o
right_n in_o the_o crown_n be_v with_o his_o norman_a associate_n betray_v and_o murder_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o earl_n godwin_n of_o which_o i_o find_v these_o several_a different_a relation_n in_o our_o historian_n 410._o matthew_n westminster_n ranulphus_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la and_o other_o out_o of_o they_o record_n that_o alfred_n be_v in_o normandy_n and_o hear_v of_o the_o death_n of_o cnute_n come_v into_o england_n with_o 23._o choose_a ship_n full_a of_o soldier_n ut_fw-la paternum_fw-la regnum_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la sibi_fw-la debitum_fw-la vel_fw-la pacificè_fw-la vel_fw-la si_fw-la necessitas_fw-la cogeret_fw-la armatorum_fw-la praesidio_fw-la obtineret_fw-la that_o he_o may_v obtain_v his_o father_n kingdom_n of_o right_a due_a unto_o he_o either_o peaceable_o or_o if_o necessity_n compel_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n who_o arrive_v with_o his_o force_n at_o sandwich_n port_n come_v as_o far_o as_o canterbury_n when_o godwin_n earl_n of_o kent_n know_v of_o his_o 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ship_n where_o he_o no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o his_o eye_n be_v most_o cruel_o pull_v out_o and_o so_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o monastery_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o monk_n to_o be_v keep_v where_o he_o soon_o after_o die_v and_o be_v there_o inter_v 211._o some_o add_v that_o after_o alfred_n eye_n be_v put_v out_o his_o belly_n be_v open_v and_o one_o end_n of_o his_o bowel_n draw_v out_o and_o fasten_v to_o a_o stake_n and_o his_o body_n prick_v with_o sharp_a needle_n or_o poyneyard_n force_v about_o till_o all_o his_o entrail_n be_v extract_v in_o which_o most_o savage_a torture_n he_o end_v his_o innocent_a life_n ranulphus_fw-la cistrensis_fw-la in_o his_o polychronicon_n l._n 6._o c._n 21._o relate_v that_o godwin_n use_v this_o strange_a cruelty_n towards_o those_o norman_n that_o come_v over_o with_o alfred_n who_o he_o twice_o decimate_v at_o gildeford_n that_o he_o rip_v up_o their_o belly_n and_o fasten_v the_o end_n of_o their_o gut_n to_o stake_n that_o be_v rear_v and_o 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digest_v by_o alfred_n as_o savour_v of_o no_o falsehood_n he_o return_v answer_v he_o will_v come_v short_o over_o to_o attend_v his_o mother_n design_n which_o harold_n be_v inform_v of_o forelaye_n the_o coast_n to_o apprehand_n he_o upon_o his_o come_n on_o shore_n in_o england_n earl_n godwin_n meet_v he_o and_o bind_v his_o assurance_n with_o his_o corporal_a oath_n become_v his_o leigeman_n and_o guide_n to_o queen_n emma_n but_o be_v wrought_v firm_a for_o harold_n treacherous_o lead_v these_o stranger_n a_o contrary_a way_n â—…and_v lodging_n they_o at_o guildford_n in_o several_a company_n there_o tithe_v and_o murder_v they_o as_o aforesaid_a 365._o henry_n huntindon_n the_o 936._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n william_n caxton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n and_o another_o historian_n mention_v by_o 179._o mr._n fox_n record_n that_o this_o murder_n be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n hardecnute_a when_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n by_o common_a assent_n and_o 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maturo_fw-la laboribus_fw-la defaecato_fw-la sciâ—…ti_fw-la administrare_fw-la principatum_fw-la per_fw-la aetatem_fw-la severè_fw-la miserias_fw-la provinci_n ilium_fw-la pro_fw-la pristina_fw-la aequitate_fw-la temperare_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o put_v in_o sufficient_a pledge_n and_o a_o oath_n give_v for_o his_o security_n he_o come_v into_o england_n with_o a_o small_a train_n of_o norman_n where_o he_o be_v joyful_o receive_v by_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n nec_fw-la mora_fw-la gilingeam_fw-la or_o rather_o londoniam_fw-la congregato_fw-la concilio_n rationibus_fw-la suis_fw-la explicitis_fw-la regem_fw-la effecit_fw-la dominio_fw-la palam_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la dato_fw-la as_o malmsbury_n or_o electus_fw-la â—st_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la as_o 365._o huntindon_n and_o other_o express_v it_o after_o which_o on_o easter_n day_n apr_fw-la 2._o 1043._o he_o be_v solemn_o crown_v king_n at_o winchester_n with_o great_a pomp_n by_o eadsi_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n nobles_z clergy_n and_o people_n of_o england_n to_o their_o great_a joy_n and_o content_n without_o the_o least_o opposition_n war_n or_o bloodshed_n after_o 25_o year_n seclusion_n from_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o danish_a usurper_n our_o edward_n historian_n general_o record_v that_o bryghtwold_n a_o monk_n of_o glastenbury_n afterward_o first_o bishop_n of_o wilton_n when_o king_n cnute_n have_v banish_v and_o almost_o extinguish_v the_o whole_a royal_a issue_n of_o the_o english_a race_n almost_o past_o any_o possibility_n or_o probability_n of_o their_o restitution_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o he_o have_v forcible_o invade_v by_o the_o sword_n on_o a_o certain_a night_n fall_v into_o a_o sad_a deep_a contemplation_n of_o the_o forlorn_a condition_n of_o the_o royal_a progeny_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n than_o almost_o quite_o delete_v by_o the_o dane_n and_o of_o the_o miserable_a condition_n of_o england_n under_o these_o foreign_a usurper_n after_o which_o fall_v into_o a_o deep_a sleep_n he_o see_v in_o a_o vision_n the_o apostle_n s_o peter_n himself_o holding_z prince_z edward_z than_o a_o exile_n in_o normandy_n by_o the_o hand_n and_o anoint_v he_o king_n in_o his_o sight_n who_o declare_v to_o he_o at_o large_a how_o holy_a this_o edward_n shall_v be_v that_o his_o reign_n shall_v be_v peaceable_a and_o that_o it_o shall_v continue_v for_o 23_o year_n after_o which_o bryghtwold_n be_v yet_o unsatisfied_a who_o shall_v succeed_v he_o and_o doubt_v of_o edward_n offspring_n demand_v of_o s._n peter_n who_o shall_v succeed_v he_o whereunto_o s._n peter_n return_v he_o this_o answer_n regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la est_fw-la regnum_fw-la dei_fw-la et_fw-la ipse_fw-la sibi_fw-la reges_fw-la or_o regem_fw-la as_o some_o render_v it_o providebit_fw-la the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v god_n kingdom_n and_o he_o himself_o shall_v provide_v king_n or_o a_o king_n for_o himself_o according_a to_o his_o good_a pleasure_n yea_o the_o golden_a legend_n of_o king_n edward_n life_n inform_v we_o that_o he_o be_v choose_a king_n of_o england_n by_o consent_n of_o parliament_n while_o he_o be_v yet_o in_o his_o mother_n womb_n as_o well_o as_o after_o hardecnute's_a death_n take_v the_o relation_n of_o it_o in_o 373._o abbot_n ailreds_n word_n and_o of_o brightwolds_n vision_n likewise_o cum_fw-la igitur_fw-la gloriosus_fw-la rex_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la ex_fw-la filia_fw-la praeclarissimi_fw-la comitis_fw-la thoreti_n filium_fw-la suscepisset_fw-la eadmundum_n cognomento_fw-la ferreumlatus_fw-la ex_fw-la regina_fw-la autem_fw-la emma_n aluredum_fw-la beatus_fw-la edvardus_fw-la inter_fw-la viscera_n materna_fw-la conclusus_fw-la utrique_fw-la praefertur_fw-la agente_fw-la 8._o â—o_o qui_fw-la omne_fw-la operatur_fw-la secundum_fw-la concilium_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la suae_fw-la qui_fw-la dominatur_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o cui_fw-la voluerit_fw-la that_fw-mi illud_fw-la fit_a magnus_n coram_fw-la rege_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la conventus_fw-la magnus_fw-la plebis_fw-la vulgique_fw-la concursus_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la jam_fw-la futurae_fw-la cladis_fw-la indicia_fw-la saeva_fw-la praecesserant_fw-la agitur_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_n de_fw-fr regni_fw-la statu_fw-la tractatus_fw-la deinde_fw-la rex_fw-la successorem_fw-la sibi_fw-la designare_fw-la desiderans_fw-la quid_fw-la singulis_n quidve_v omnibus_fw-la videretur_fw-la explorat_fw-la pro_fw-la diversorum_fw-la diversa_fw-la senentia_fw-la res_fw-la pendebat_fw-la in_o dubio_fw-la alii_fw-la enim_fw-la eâ—dmundum_n ob_fw-la inuictissimum_fw-la robur_fw-la corporis_fw-la caeâ—eris_fw-la aestimant_fw-la praeferendum_fw-la alii_fw-la ob_fw-la virtutem_fw-la normanâ—…ci_fw-la generis_fw-la aluredum_fw-la promovendum_fw-la tutiùs_fw-la arbitrantur_fw-la sed_fw-la futurorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la praescius_fw-la prioris_fw-la brevissimam_fw-la vitam_fw-la alterius_fw-la mortem_fw-la immaturam_fw-la prespiciens_fw-la in_o pueâ—un_n nec_fw-la dum_fw-la natum_fw-la universorum_fw-la vota_fw-la convertit_fw-la vtero_fw-la adhuc_fw-la claudetur_fw-la &_o in_o regem_fw-la eligitur_fw-la non_fw-la natus_fw-la natis_fw-la praefertur_fw-la &_o quem_fw-la nec_fw-la dum_fw-la terra_fw-la susceperat_fw-la terrae_fw-la dominus_fw-la designatur_fw-la praebet_fw-la electioni_fw-la rex_fw-la consensum_fw-la laeti_fw-la praeâ—ent_fw-la procâ—res_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la &_o inusitato_n miraculâ—_n in_o ejus_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la jurarunt_fw-la qui_fw-la utrum_fw-la nasceretur_fw-la ignorarunt_fw-la tua_fw-la haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la opera_fw-la christ_n jesus_n qui_fw-la omne_fw-la operaris_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la qui_fw-la electum_fw-la &_o dilectum_fw-la tibi_fw-la a_o e_fw-la mundi_fw-la constitutionem_fw-la plebis_fw-la tui_fw-la rectorem_fw-la hiis_fw-la indiciis_fw-la declarasti_fw-la quem_fw-la liâ—èt_fw-la per_fw-la illos_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la illi_fw-la sedâ—…_n potius_fw-la eye_o gisti_fw-la quis_fw-la enim_fw-la non_fw-la videat_fw-la rec_fw-la aptum_fw-la usui_fw-la nec_fw-la conveniens_fw-la tempori_fw-la nec_fw-la censonum_fw-la rationi_fw-la nec_fw-la humano_fw-la ferendum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la sensui_fw-la ut_fw-la omissis_fw-la filiâ—…_n legitimâ—s_fw-la &_o adultis_fw-la hostili_fw-la gladio_fw-la imminente_fw-la parvulus_fw-la necdum_fw-la natus_fw-la eligeretur_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la quem_fw-la in_o tali_fw-la n_o cessitate_n n_o c_o host_n m_z tuerent_a nec_fw-la cives_fw-la revererentur_fw-la sed_fw-la omnipotens_fw-la deus_fw-la spiritum_fw-la prophesiae_fw-la veci_fw-la simul_fw-la &_o affectui_fw-la plebis_fw-la infudit_fw-la praesentia_fw-la malâ—spe_n futurae_fw-la consolation_n be_v temperans_fw-la ut_fw-la sciant_fw-la omnes_fw-la in_o totius_fw-la regni_fw-la consolationem_fw-la regem_fw-la futurum_fw-la quem_fw-la ab_fw-la ipso_fw-la deo_fw-la plebe_fw-la nesciente_fw-la quid_fw-la fecerit_fw-la nullus_fw-la dubitaret_fw-la clectum_fw-la saevibat_fw-la interim_n gladius_fw-la hostilis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it caedibus_fw-la &_o rapinis_fw-la omne_fw-la replebantur_fw-la ubique_fw-la luctus_fw-la ubique_fw-la clamour_n ubique_fw-la desolatio_fw-la incenduntur_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la monasteria_fw-la devastantur_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la verbis_fw-la propheticis_fw-la utar_fw-la effuderunt_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la in_o circuitu_fw-la jerusalem_n &_o non_fw-la erat_fw-la qui_fw-la sepeliret_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la suis_fw-la fugatisedibus_fw-la sicubi_fw-la pax_fw-la &_o quies_fw-la aliqua_fw-la in_o monasteriis_fw-la vel_fw-la locis_fw-la desertis_fw-la inveniebatur_fw-la communem_fw-la miseriam_fw-la deplorantes_fw-la delitescebant_fw-la inter_fw-la quos_fw-la vene_z abilis_fw-la bryghtwaldus_fw-la wintoniensis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la caenobâ—um_fw-la glastoniense_n maerens_fw-la &_o tristis_fw-la ingressus_fw-la orationibus_fw-la vacabat_fw-la &_o psalmis_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la aliquando_fw-la pro_fw-la regis_fw-la plebisque_fw-la liberatione_n preces_fw-la lacrymasque_fw-la profunderet_fw-la quasi_fw-la in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la prorumpens_fw-la et_fw-la tu_fw-la inquit_fw-la domine_fw-la usque_fw-la quo_fw-la usque_fw-la quo_fw-la avertis_fw-la faciem_fw-la tuam_fw-la obliviscens_fw-la inopiae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la &_o tribulationis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la sanctos_fw-la tuos_fw-la occiderunt_fw-la altaria_fw-la tua_fw-la suffoderunt_fw-la &_o non_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la redimat_fw-la neque_fw-la qui_fw-la salvum_fw-la faciat_fw-la scio_fw-la domine_fw-la scio_fw-la quia_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la fecisti_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_fw-la vero_fw-la judicio_fw-la fecisti_fw-la sed_fw-la nunquid_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la projiciet_fw-la deus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la opponet_fw-la &_o complacitus_fw-la sit_fw-la adhuc_fw-la erit_fw-la ne_fw-fr domine_fw-la deus_fw-la meus_fw-la erit_fw-la ne_fw-la finis_fw-la horum_fw-la mirabilium_fw-la aut_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la tuus_fw-la in_o nos_fw-la mucro_fw-la desaeviet_fw-la &_o percutias_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la internecionem_fw-la inter_fw-la preces_fw-la tandem_fw-la &_o lachrim_n as_o fatigatum_fw-la sope_a suavis_fw-la excepit_fw-la viditque_fw-la per_fw-la somnium_fw-la caelâ—stem_fw-la chorum_fw-la cum_fw-la lumine_fw-la beatissimumque_fw-la petrum_fw-la in_o eminâ—nti_fw-la loâ—o_fw-la constitutum_fw-la dignum_fw-la tantae_fw-la majestati_fw-la habitum_fw-la praeserentem_fw-la videbatur_fw-la ante_fw-la eum_fw-la virâ—pyaeâ—lâ—ri_fw-la vultus_fw-la in_o forma_fw-la decenti_fw-la regalâ—bus_fw-la amictus_fw-la insigniis_fw-la quem_fw-la cum_fw-la p_o opriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la apostolus_fw-la censecrasset_fw-la &_o â—uxisset_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la monita_fw-la salutis_fw-la adjacit_fw-la praecipuâ—que_fw-la caelibem_fw-la vitam_fw-la commendans_fw-la quot_fw-la esset_fw-la annos_fw-la regnaturus_fw-la aperuit_fw-la obstupefactus_fw-la praesul_fw-la tanti_fw-la novitate_fw-la miraculi_fw-la petit_fw-la sibi_fw-la a_o sanâ—to_fw-la visionis_fw-la huius_fw-la mysterium_fw-la revelari_fw-la de_fw-la statu_fw-la insuper_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o instantis_fw-la sine_fw-la periculi_fw-la apostolicum_fw-la exegit_fw-la oraculum_fw-la tunc_fw-la factus_fw-la vultus_fw-la placido_fw-la in_o turn_n inâ—uentem_fw-la domini_fw-la inquâ—t_fw-la o_fw-la praesul_fw-la domini_fw-la est_fw-la regnum_fw-la ipse_fw-la dominatur_fw-la in_o fâ—…s_fw-la hominum_fw-la ipse_fw-la
transfert_fw-la regna_fw-la &_o mutat_fw-la imperia_fw-la &_o propter_fw-la peccata_fw-la populi_fw-la regnare_fw-la facit_fw-la hypocritam_fw-la peccatum_fw-la peccaâ—it_fw-la populus_fw-la tuus_fw-la domino_fw-la &_o tradidit_fw-la eos_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la gentium_fw-la &_o dominati_fw-la sunt_fw-la etiam_fw-la qui_fw-la oderunt_fw-la eos_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la obliviscitur_fw-la misereri_fw-la deus_fw-la nec_fw-la continebit_fw-la in_o ira_fw-la sua_fw-la milericordias_fw-la svas_fw-la erit_fw-la enim_fw-la cum_fw-la dormis_fw-la cum_fw-la patribus_fw-la tuis_fw-la sepultus_fw-la in_o senectute_fw-la bona_fw-la visitabit_fw-la dominus_fw-la populum_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o faciet_fw-la redemtionem_fw-la plebis_fw-la suae_fw-la eliget_fw-la enim_fw-la sibi_fw-la virum_fw-la secundum_fw-la cor_fw-la suum_fw-la qui_fw-la faciet_fw-la omnes_fw-la voluntates_fw-la suâ—s_fw-la qui_fw-fr i_o opitulante_fw-la regnum_fw-la adeptus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la danico_fw-la furori_fw-la finem_fw-la imponet_fw-la erit_fw-la enim_fw-la acceptus_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o gratus_fw-la hominibus_fw-la amabilis_fw-la civibus_fw-la terribilis_fw-la hostibus_fw-la utilis_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la praescriptum_fw-la terminum_fw-la regnandi_fw-la in_o justitia_fw-la &_o pace_fw-la compleverit_fw-la laudabilem_fw-la vitam_fw-la sancto_fw-la sine_fw-la concludet_fw-la quae_fw-la omne_fw-la in_o beato_fw-la edwardo_n completa_fw-la râ—i_fw-la exitus_fw-la comprobavit_fw-la expergefactus_fw-la pontifex_fw-la rursus_fw-la ad_fw-la preces_fw-la lacrimasque_n convertitur_fw-la &_o licet_fw-la faelicitatem_fw-la suae_fw-la gentis_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la ipse_fw-la visurus_fw-la de_fw-la malorum_fw-la tamen_fw-la sine_fw-la câ—rtus_fw-la effectus_fw-la gratiâ—s_fw-la agens_fw-la deo_fw-la plurimum_fw-la graâ—nlabatur_fw-la factus_fw-la igitur_fw-la animaequior_fw-la populis_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la praedicabat_fw-la quibus_fw-la dâ—us_fw-la misericordiam_fw-la non_fw-la defuturam_fw-la constantissime_fw-la pollâ—…_n from_o these_o passage_n whether_o reaâ—â—_n as_o man_n as_o fictitious_a as_o some_o repute_v they_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v these_o real_a truth_n 1._o that_o in_o king_n ethelreds_n reign_n great_a parliamentary_a council_n be_v usual_o assemble_v to_o consult_v of_o the_o weighty_a affair_n state_n if_o not_o succession_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n 2._o that_o godly_a man_n in_o all_o age_n have_v be_v deep_o affect_v with_o the_o misery_n exile_n disinherit_n and_o extirpation_n of_o the_o royal_a issue_n and_o posterity_n by_o invade_v foreign_a usurper_n and_o with_o the_o oppression_n of_o their_o native_a country_n under_o their_o usâ—_n bed_n power_n and_o have_v pour_v forth_o frequent_a and_o fervent_a prayer_n unto_o god_n in_o secret_a for_o their_o restitution_n and_o relief_n 3._o that_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o have_v a_o propense_a natural_a inclination_n and_o affection_n to_o the_o true_a royal_a blood_n and_o posterity_n of_o the_o nation_n though_o forcible_o constrain_v to_o abjure_v and_o renounce_v they_o for_o a_o season_n by_o prevail_a intruder_n elect_v they_o for_o their_o king_n and_o prefer_v they_o before_o all_o other_o upon_o the_o very_a next_o opportunity_n to_o vindicate_v their_o right_n and_o liberty_n and_o reject_v the_o usurper_n and_o their_o race_n 4_o that_o though_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v usual_o repute_v hereditary_a yet_o in_o truth_n they_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n actual_o elect_v by_o the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n in_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o appoint_v by_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n and_o have_v oath_n of_o allegiance_n give_v to_o they_o by_o their_o subject_n 5._o that_o god_n do_v many_o time_n beyond_o all_o probability_n and_o expectation_n restore_v disinherit_v prince_n to_o their_o crown_n of_o which_o they_o have_v be_v forcible_o deprive_v after_o many_o year_n dispossession_n and_o without_o any_o war_n or_o effusion_n of_o blood_n even_o by_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n own_o voluntary_a choice_n and_o act_n without_o their_o seek_n as_o he_o do_v here_o restore_v prince_n edward_n after_o 25_o year_n interruption_n and_o aurelius_n ambrose_n long_v before_o to_o the_o british_a crown_n to_o omit_v all_o other_o 6._o that_o crown_n invade_v ravish_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n and_o bloodshed_n be_v seldom_o long_o or_o peaceable_o enjoy_v by_o the_o usurper_n themselves_o or_o their_o posterity_n that_o of_o curtius_n be_v a_o experimental_a truth_n 396._o non_fw-la est_fw-la diuturna_fw-la possessio_fw-la in_o quam_fw-la gladio_fw-la inducimur_fw-la all_o which_o we_o find_v experimental_o verify_v in_o this_o history_n of_o king_n edward_n his_o election_n and_o restitution_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n worthy_a our_o special_a observation_n king_n edw._n come_v to_o the_o crown_n be_v not_o only_o very_o charitable_a to_o the_o poor_a humble_a merciful_a and_o just_a towards_o all_o man_n but_o also_o plures_fw-la leges_fw-la bonas_n in_o anglia_fw-it statuit_fw-la quae_fw-la pro_fw-la majore_fw-la parte_fw-la adhuc_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la tenerentur_fw-la whereupon_o about_o the_o year_n 1043_o as_o the_o chronecle_fw-mi of_o brompton_n 938._o william_n caxton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n and_o mr._n selden_n inform_v we_o earl_n godwin_n a_o sugitive_n in_o denmark_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n hear_v of_o 6._o his_o piety_n and_o mercy_n resolve_v to_o return_v into_o england_n 5._o humble_o to_o implore_v his_o mercy_n and_o grace_n that_o he_o may_v have_v his_o land_n again_o that_o be_v confiscate_v have_v provide_v all_o thing_n for_o his_o voyage_n he_o put_v to_o sea_n and_o arrive_v in_o england_n and_o then_o post_v to_o london_n ubi_fw-la rex_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la magnates_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la tum_o fuerunt_fw-la where_o the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n be_v then_o at_o a_o parliament_n here_o he_o beseech_v &_o entreat_v his_o friend_n &_o kindred_n who_o be_v the_o great_a lord_n of_o the_o land_n after_o the_o king_n that_o they_o will_v study_v to_o procure_v to_o he_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o friendship_n who_o have_v thereupon_o take_v deliberate_a counsel_n among_o themselves_o lead_v he_o with_o they_o before_o the_o king_n to_o seek_v his_o grace_n but_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n see_v he_o he_o present_o appeal_v he_o of_o treason_n &_o of_o the_o death_n of_o alfred_n his_o brother_n and_o use_v these_o word_n unto_o he_o say_v thou_o traitor_n 6._o godwin_n i_o thou_o appeal_v for_o the_o death_n of_o alfred_n my_o brother_n who_o thou_o have_v traitorous_o slay_v to_o who_o godwin_n excuse_v himself_o answer_v my_o lord_n and_o king_n save_v your_o reverenoâ—_n and_o grace_n peace_n &_o lordship_n i_o never_o betray_v nor_o yet_o slay_v your_o brother_n unde_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la pono_fw-la me_fw-it in_o consideratione_n curiae_fw-la vestrae_fw-la whence_o i_o put_v myself_o upon_o the_o consideration_n and_o judgement_n of_o your_o court_n concern_v this_o matter_n then_o say_v the_o king_n karissimi_fw-la domini_fw-la comites_fw-la et_fw-fr barones_n terrae_fw-la etc._n etc._n most_o dear_a lord_n earl_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o land_n who_o be_v my_o liege_n man_n now_o here_o assemble_v you_o have_v hear_v both_o my_o appeal_n and_o godwin_n answer_v volo_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o ista_fw-la appellatione_fw-la rectum_fw-la judicium_fw-la decernatis_fw-la et_fw-la debitam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la faciatis_fw-la i_o will_v that_o between_o we_o in_o this_o appeal_v you_o award_v right_a judgement_n and_o do_v due_a justice_n comitibus_fw-la vero_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la super_fw-la hoc_fw-la ad_fw-la inuicem_fw-la tractantibus_fw-la hereupon_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n debate_v upon_o this_o business_n among_o themselves_o some_o among_o they_o be_v different_a in_o their_o opinion_n from_o other_o in_o do_v just_a judgement_n herein_o for_o some_o say_v that_o godwin_n be_v never_o oblige_v to_o the_o king_n so_o bromton_n to_o alfred_n write_v caxton_n by_o homage_n service_n or_o fealty_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v not_o his_o traitor_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o slay_v alfred_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n but_o other_o say_v quod_fw-la comes_fw-la nec_fw-la baro_n nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la regi_fw-la subditus_fw-la bellum_fw-la contra_fw-la regem_fw-la in_o appellatione_fw-la sua_fw-la de_fw-fr lege_fw-la potest_fw-la vadiare_fw-la that_o neither_o the_o earl_n nor_o any_o baron_n nor_o any_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n can_v by_o the_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o appeal_n but_o ought_v whole_o to_o but_o himself_o in_o his_o mercy_n and_o to_o offer_v he_o competent_a amends_o then_o leofric_n earl_n of_o chester_n or_o coventry_n as_o caxton_n a_o good_a man_n towards_o god_n and_o the_o world_n speak_v and_o say_v the_o earl_n godwin_n after_o the_o king_n be_v a_o man_n of_o the_o best_a parentage_n of_o all_o england_n and_o he_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o by_o his_o council_n alfred_n the_o king_n brother_n be_v slay_v wherefore_o i_o award_v as_o touch_v my_o part_n that_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n and_o every_o of_o we_o duodecim_fw-la comites_fw-la the_o twelve_o earl_n who_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o kinsman_n shall_v go_v humble_o before_o the_o king_n lade_v with_o as_o much_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o every_o of_o we_o can_v
carry_v between_o his_o arm_n offering_z that_o to_o he_o for_o his_o trespass_n and_o submissive_o deprecate_v that_o he_o will_v pardon_v all_o his_o rancour_n and_o ill-will_n to_o the_o earl_n and_o receive_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n he_o will_v restore_v and_o redeliver_v his_o land_n entire_o to_o he_o unto_o which_o award_n they_o all_o according_a they_o all_o jade_a themselves_o with_o treasure_n in_o the_o manner_n aforesaid_a and_o go_v to_o the_o king_n declare_v unto_o he_o the_o order_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o judgement_n or_o award_n quorum_fw-la considerationi_fw-la rex_fw-la contradicere_fw-la nolens_fw-la quicquid_fw-la judicaverant_fw-la per_fw-la omnia_fw-la ratificavit_fw-la the_o king_n not_o willing_a to_o contradict_v they_o in_o any_o thing_n they_o have_v judge_v ratify_v the_o same_o in_o all_o thing_n a_o agreement_n therefore_o be_v make_v between_o they_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o earl_n present_o regain_v all_o his_o land_n the_o generality_n of_o our_o historian_n as_o bromton_n confess_v deny_v that_o godwin_n ever_o flee_v into_o denmark_n or_o leave_v england_n for_o the_o murder_n of_o alfred_n they_o general_o affirm_v graft_n that_o he_o purge_v himself_o thereof_o though_o false_o coram_fw-la proceribus_fw-la before_o the_o noble_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hardecnute_a swear_v with_o his_o compurgator_n that_o he_o never_o consent_v to_o his_o death_n nisi_fw-la regia_fw-la vi_o coactus_fw-la but_o through_o compulsion_n by_o royal_a violence_n record_v likewise_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n hardecnute_a prince_n edward_n be_v call_v out_o of_o normandy_n and_o elect_a king_n principal_o by_o the_o help_n and_o counsel_n of_o earl_n godwin_n himself_o who_o as_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o write_v persuade_v he_o to_o accept_v the_o crown_n and_o precontract_v with_o he_o before_o he_o come_v into_o england_n paciscatur_fw-la ergo_fw-la sibi_fw-la 80._o amicitiam_fw-la solidam_fw-la filiis_fw-la honores_fw-la integros_fw-la filiae_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la brevi_fw-la futurum_fw-la ut_fw-la se_fw-la regem_fw-la videat_fw-la qui_fw-la nunc_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la naufragus_fw-la exul_fw-la spei_fw-la alterius_fw-la opem_fw-la implorat_fw-la utrinque_fw-la fide_fw-la data_fw-la quicquid_fw-la petebatur_fw-la sacramento_fw-la firmavit_fw-la if_o there_o be_v then_o any_o such_o parliament_n as_o this_o then_o hold_v at_o london_n and_o such_o proceed_n in_o it_o concern_v godwin_n it_o be_v most_o probable_o in_o the_o year_n 1043._o as_o i_o here_o place_v it_o and_o from_o these_o memorable_a proceed_n in_o it_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v mention_v only_o of_o the_o king_n earls_z and_o baron_n present_a in_o this_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o it_o not_o of_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n or_o burgess_n elect_v by_o the_o people_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n 2._o that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o that_o age_n in_o parliament_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n subject_n both_o in_o criminal_a and_o other_o cause_n there_o decide_v 3._o that_o peer_n in_o that_o age_n be_v only_o try_v and_o judge_v by_o their_o peer_n for_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 4._o that_o appeal_v of_o treason_n be_v then_o try_v in_o parliament_n and_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n the_o sole_a judge_n of_o they_o and_o of_o what_o offence_n be_v treason_n and_o what_o not_o 5._o that_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n in_o that_o age_n bid_v no_o vote_n in_o matter_n of_o treason_n and_o capital_a offence_n 6._o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o parliament_n than_o rest_v proper_o in_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n not_o the_o king_n and_o that_o their_o judgement_n be_v not_o repealable_a by_o but_o obligatory_a to_o the_o king_n himself_o 7._o that_o no_o subject_n can_v then_o by_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o a_o appeal_n 8._o that_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n than_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harold_n a_o actual_a king_n by_o usurpation_n without_o any_o good_a title_n by_o his_o command_n be_v repute_v a_o treasonable_a offence_n in_o earl_n godwin_n for_o which_o he_o forfeit_v his_o land_n and_o be_v force_v to_o purchase_v his_o pardon_n and_o land_n restitution_n with_o a_o great_a fine_a and_o sum_n to_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o though_o the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o caxton_n out_o of_o he_o style_v this_o assembly_n parliamentum_fw-la a_o parliament_n not_o a_o council_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o 1043._o according_a to_o the_o style_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o he_o write_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o 41._o mr._n selden_n prove_v not_o according_a to_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o which_o the_o term_n parliamentum_fw-la be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o usual_a name_n express_v such_o assembly_n speed_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1643._o immediate_o after_o his_o coronation_n come_v sudden_o from_o glocâ—ster_n to_o winchester_n attend_v with_o earl_n godwin_n siward_n and_o leofric_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n forcible_o take_v from_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n all_o her_o gold_n silver_z jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o whatever_o rich_a thing_n else_o she_o possess_v command_v only_a necessary_n to_o be_v administer_v to_o she_o there_o the_o 4._o cause_n of_o which_o unjust_a act_n some_o affirm_v to_o be_v godwin_n malice_n towards_o she_o other_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v her_o unnaturalness_n to_o king_n ethelred_n her_o first_o husband_n and_o her_o own_o son_n by_o he_o alfred_n and_o edward_n in_o love_v and_o marry_v cnute_n their_o enemy_n and_o supplant_a when_o live_v and_o applaud_v he_o when_o dead_a more_o than_o ethelred_n in_o advance_v hardecnute_a her_o son_n by_o he_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o endeavour_v to_o deprive_v alfred_n &_o edward_n thereof_o in_o refuse_v to_o give_v any_o thing_n towards_o prince_n edw_n his_o maintenance_n while_o in_o exile_n and_o distress_n although_o he_o oft_o request_v she_o to_o supply_v his_o necessity_n in_o have_v some_o hand_n in_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n and_o endeavour_v to_o poison_v king_n edward_n himself_o as_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n relate_v after_o which_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n a_o norman_a bear_v he_o again_o spoil_v she_o of_o all_o she_o have_v and_o shut_v she_o up_o prisoner_n in_o the_o abbâ—y_n of_o werwel_o upon_o suspicion_n of_o incontinency_n with_o alwin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n from_o which_o false_a imputation_n she_o purge_v herself_o and_o the_o bishop_n by_o pass_v barefoot_a over_o nine_o red_a hot_a ploughshare_n without_o any_o harm_n whereupon_o the_o king_n crave_v mercy_n and_o pardon_n from_o she_o for_o the_o infamy_n and_o injury_n do_v unto_o she_o for_o which_o he_o be_v discipline_v and_o whip_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n there_o present_a anno_fw-la 1044._o 2._o there_o be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la 1044._o celebratun_n a_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o london_n wherein_o wolmar_n be_v elect_v abbot_n of_o evesham_n and_o this_o year_n king_n edward_n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_n procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o write_v most_o likely_a when_o assemble_v in_o the_o council_n at_o london_n marry_v edith_n daughter_n of_o earl_n godwin_n in_o patrocinium_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la he_o be_v the_o most_o potent_a man_n in_o all_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v in_o her_o breast_n a_o magazine_n of_o all_o liberal_a virtue_n and_o this_o same_o year_n most_o probable_a by_o this_o same_o council_n edict_n gunilda_n a_o noble_a matron_n king_n crute_n sâ—sters_n daughter_n with_o her_o two_o son_n hemming_n and_o thurkell_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n into_o flanders_n from_o whence_o after_o a_o little_a stay_n they_o depart_v into_o denmark_n 1047._o king_n edward_n in_o the_o year_n 1045._o assemble_v together_o 1045._o to_o the_o port_n of_o sandwich_n a_o very_a numerous_a and_o strong_a navy_n against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n purpose_v to_o invade_v engl._n but_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n than_o war_a upon_o he_o hinder_v his_o voyage_n for_o england_n the_o next_o year_n 1046._o osgodus_fw-la clapa_n be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n 9_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n anno_fw-la 1047._o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n edward_n desire_v he_o to_o send_v a_o navy_n to_o he_o against_o magnus_n king_n of_o norway_n hereupon_o earl_n godwin_n counsel_v the_o king_n to_o send_v he_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n furnish_v with_o soldier_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la leofrico_fw-la comiti_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la id_fw-la non_fw-la videbatur_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o caeteri_fw-la proceres_fw-la dissuaserunt_fw-la nullum_fw-la ei_fw-la mittere_fw-la voluit_fw-la but_o because_o that_o council_n seem_v not_o good_a to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o all_o the_o people_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n
book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n title_n danegold_n affirm_v 5._o that_o king_n edward_n officer_n after_o the_o danish_a king_n expire_v reign_v do_v collect_v it_o of_o the_o english_a subject_n without_o his_o privity_n to_o clothe_v and_o pay_v his_o soldier_n and_o follower_n 6._o that_o he_o out_o of_o mercy_n piety_n conscience_n and_o justice_n to_o his_o people_n not_o only_o restore_v it_o to_o they_o when_o collect_v and_o bring_v into_o his_o exchequer_n without_o retain_v one_o farthing_n of_o it_o but_o likewise_o for_o ever_o release_v it_o to_o they_o so_o that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o collect_v during_o his_o reign_n 7._o that_o tax_n unjust_o levy_v upon_o the_o poor_a oppress_a people_n be_v very_o please_v and_o acceptable_a to_o the_o devil_n himself_o who_o claim_v the_o money_n so_o collect_v for_o his_o own_o and_o that_o the_o collector_n and_o exacter_n of_o such_o tax_n though_o for_o the_o payment_n of_o army_n and_o soldier_n be_v real_o but_o the_o devil_n agent_n and_o instrument_n who_o will_v one_o day_n pay_v they_o their_o deserve_a wage_n 8._o that_o heavy_a oppression_n and_o tax_n though_o for_o pretend_a public_a necessity_n continue_v for_o many_o year_n together_o ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v eternal_o remit_v but_o restore_v when_o collect_v by_o all_o conscientious_a pious_a righteous_a merciful_a saintlike_a king_n and_o governor_n 9_o that_o illegal_a heavy_a tax_n impose_v by_o or_o for_o invade_v usurper_n if_o once_o submit_v to_o and_o not_o strong_o oppose_v by_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n will_v soon_o be_v claim_v &_o levy_v as_o a_o customary_a early_o legal_a revenue_n both_o by_o the_o imposâ—rs_n and_o their_o successor_n and_o hardly_o be_v lay_v down_o and_o discontinue_v again_o for_o the_o people_n ease_n 10._o that_o this_o tax_n of_o danegeld_n amount_v but_o to_o thirty_o eight_o or_o forty_o thousand_o pound_n in_o one_o whole_a year_n be_v in_o truth_n a_o heavy_a and_o intolerable_a burden_n and_o grievous_a oppression_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n fit_a to_o be_v abolish_v and_o release_v especial_o in_o time_n of_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n therefore_o certain_o our_o late_a illegal_a tax_n without_o authority_n of_o a_o free_a and_o legal_a parliament_n amount_v to_o 120._o 90._o or_o 60._o 1000_o li._n monthly_a when_o low_a beside_o excise_n custom_n impost_n amount_v to_o twice_o as_o much_o more_o must_v certain_o be_v far_o more_o grievous_a &_o intolerable_a to_o the_o nation_n and_o so_o not_o only_o to_o be_v remit_v abandon_v exclude_v but_o account_v for_o and_o restore_v to_o our_o exhaust_a oppress_a nation_n by_o all_o those_o governor_n who_o pretend_v themselves_o saint_n of_o the_o high_a form_n and_o man_n rule_v in_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n against_o who_o this_o st._n edward_n the_o confessor_n will_v rise_v up_o in_o judgement_n if_o they_o imitate_v not_o his_o just_a and_o saintlike_a precedent_n therein_o all_o which_o consideration_n i_o recommend_v to_o their_o own_o and_o their_o collector_n excisers_n sad_a consideration_n to_o meditate_v serious_o upon_o for_o the_o people_n ease_n 91._o william_n of_o malmsburies_n record_n of_o this_o king_n edward_n that_o he_o be_v in_o exactionibus_fw-la vectigalium_fw-la parcus_fw-la quip_n qui_fw-la &_o exactores_fw-la execraretur_fw-la till_o we_o may_v be_v able_a real_o to_o record_v the_o like_a of_o our_o new_a governor_n and_o prince_n over_o we_o we_o shall_v never_o be_v either_o a_o free_a a_o peaceable_a or_o happy_a people_n not_o they_o worthy_a of_o the_o name_n of_o saint_n or_o confessor_n in_o any_o english_a annal_n or_o calendar_n 390._o he_o add_v that_o king_n edward_n with_o the_o touch_n of_o his_o hand_n do_v miraculous_o cure_v sundry_a person_n of_o the_o luxuriant_a humour_n and_o swell_n about_o the_o neck_n common_o call_v the_o king_n evil_n which_o cure_n in_o after_o age_n some_o false_o ascribe_v non_fw-la ex_fw-la sanctitate_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la regalis_fw-la prosapiae_fw-la haereditate_fw-la â—â—uxisse_fw-la not_o to_o have_v issue_v from_o his_o sanctity_n but_o from_o his_o hereditary_a royal_a blood_n if_o his_o sanctity_n in_o release_n and_o restore_v the_o formentioned_a insupportable_a tribute_n of_o danegeld_n shall_v now_o cure_v the_o hereditary_a king_n and_o our_o new_a republic_n long_o continue_v evil_a and_o malady_n of_o intolerable_a tribute_n contribution_n and_o excise_n in_o this_o age_n we_o shall_v register_v it_o to_o posterity_n for_o as_o great_a a_o miracle_n as_o his_o first_o care_n of_o the_o evil_a king_n only_o by_o his_o touch_v of_o it_o with_o his_o royal_a sacred_a hand_n 895._o king_n edward_n about_o the_o year_n 1047._o calling_n out_o of_o normandy_n certain_a norman_n qui_fw-la olim_fw-la pauculis_fw-la beneficiis_fw-la inopiam_fw-la exulis_fw-la suppleverant_fw-la who_o have_v there_o relieve_v and_o supply_v his_o want_n during_o his_o exil_n to_o reward_v they_o for_o their_o benefit_n advance_v they_o to_o place_n of_o extraordinary_a honour_n and_o trust_v about_o he_o among_o other_o he_o promote_v robert_n gemeticensis_n a_o monk_n to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o london_n &_o then_o to_o the_o archbishopric_a of_o canterbury_n william_n to_o be_v his_o chaplain_n first_o and_o afterward_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o another_o to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o dorchester_n which_o jugulphus_n thus_o express_v rex_fw-la autem_fw-la edwardus_fw-la natus_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it sed_fw-la nutritus_fw-la in_o normania_n &_o diutissime_fw-la immoratus_fw-la penè_fw-la in_o gallicum_n transierat_fw-la adducens_fw-la &_o attrahens_fw-la de_fw-la normamnia_n plurimos_fw-la quos_fw-la variis_fw-la dignitatibus_fw-la promotos_fw-la in_o immensum_fw-la exaltabat_fw-la praecipuus_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la erat_fw-la robertus_fw-la monachus_n etc._n etc._n caepit_fw-la ergò_fw-la totâ_fw-la terrâ_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la aliis_fw-la normannis_fw-la introductis_fw-la anglicos_fw-la ritus_fw-la diminui_fw-la &_o francorun_v mores_fw-la in_o multis_fw-la imitari_fw-la gallicum_n idioma_fw-la omnes_fw-la magnates_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la curiis_fw-la tanquam_fw-la magnum_fw-la gentilitium_fw-la loqui_fw-la chartas_n &_o chyrographa_n sua_fw-la more_fw-it francium_n confici_fw-la &_o propriam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la in_o his_o &_o in_o aliis_fw-la multis_fw-la erubescere_fw-la thereupon_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n be_v man_n of_o high_a spirit_n &_o auctores_fw-la &_o tutores_fw-la regni_fw-la edvardi_fw-la be_v very_o angry_a and_o discontent_a quod_fw-la novos_fw-la homines_fw-la &_o advenas_fw-la sibi_fw-la preferri_fw-la viderent_fw-la because_o they_o see_v these_o new_a upstart_n and_o stranger_n prefer_v before_o they_o yet_o they_o never_o utter_v a_o high_a word_n against_o the_o king_n who_o they_o have_v once_o advance_v upon_o this_o occasion_n anno_fw-la 1051_o there_o arise_v great_a discord_n between_o the_o english_a and_o these_o norman_n quod_fw-la angli_fw-la aspernantèr_fw-la ferant_fw-la superiorem_fw-la normani_fw-la nequeant_fw-la pati_fw-la parem_fw-la 366._o henry_n huntingdon_n record_v that_o these_o normnan_n accuse_v godwin_n and_o swain_n and_o harold_n his_o son_n to_o the_o king_n that_o they_o go_v about_o to_o betray_v he_o whereupon_o the_o king_n call_v they_o into_o question_n for_o it_o they_o refuse_v to_o appear_v without_o hostage_n for_o their_o safety_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n banish_v they_o but_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n matthew_n westminster_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n bromton_n hygden_n henry_n de_fw-fr knighton_n fabram_n graston_n holmsh_v speed_v and_o the_o 2d_o general_n stream_n of_o our_o historian_n relate_v the_o business_n more_o full_o make_v this_o the_o original_a cause_n of_o the_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o of_o the_o exile_n of_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n eustace_n earl_n of_o boloyn_n who_o have_v wed_v king_n edward_n sister_n arrive_v at_o dover_n in_o the_o month_n of_o september_n 1051._o one_o of_o his_o knight_n seek_v lodging_n unjust_o slay_v one_o of_o the_o townsman_n whereupon_o the_o townsman_n slay_v he_o the_o earl_n and_o his_o follower_n be_v enrage_v thereat_o slay_v divers_a man_n and_o woman_n of_o the_o town_n and_o tread_v their_o child_n under_o their_o own_o &_o horse_n foot_n the_o burgess_n upon_o this_o assemble_v togetherto_o resist_v they_o after_o a_o fierce_a encounter_n put_v the_o earl_n and_o his_o follower_n to_o flight_n slay_v eighteen_o or_o twenty_o of_o they_o in_o the_o pursuit_n and_o wound_v many_o more_o so_o that_o the_o earl_n escape_v only_o with_o one_o of_o his_o follower_n to_o the_o king_n then_o at_o gloucester_n where_o he_o grievous_o incense_v the_o king_n against_o the_o englishman_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o tumult_n which_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n occasion_v whereupon_o earl_n godwin_n be_v much_o incense_v at_o the_o slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n in_o the_o burrowgh_n of_o dover_n he_o and_o his_o son_n assemble_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o all_o the_o town_n and_o country_n subject_a to_o they_o the_o king_n send_v for_o godwin_n to_o
the_o court_n charge_v he_o with_o his_o host_n to_o avenge_v the_o wrong_n do_v to_o eustace_n and_o to_o punish_v the_o insolency_n of_o the_o man_n of_o dover_n which_o the_o king_n exceed_o aggravate_v but_o godwin_n a_o man_n of_o sharp_a wit_n and_o well_o understanding_n that_o sentence_n ought_v not_o 9_o to_o be_v pronounce_v upon_o the_o hear_n of_o the_o allegation_n of_o one_o part_n only_o without_o hear_v the_o other_o refuse_v to_o march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o the_o burgess_n of_o dover_n although_o the_o king_n command_v he_o both_o because_o he_o envy_v that_o all_o alien_n shall_v find_v such_o extraordinary_a favour_n with_o the_o king_n and_o because_o he_o will_v show_v friendship_n to_o his_o own_o countryman_n whereupon_o he_o answer_v it_o be_v reasonable_a and_o just_a that_o before_o any_o execution_n do_v the_o the_o warden_n of_o dover_n castle_n shall_v be_v summon_v into_o that_o king_n court_n in_o a_o fair_a manner_n to_o answer_v this_o tumult_n and_o if_o they_o can_v excuse_v themselves_o that_o then_o they_o shall_v be_v dismiss_v without_o harm_n or_o if_o not_o that_o then_o they_o shall_v satisfy_v the_o king_n who_o peace_n they_o have_v break_v and_o the_o earl_n who_o they_o have_v offend_v with_o money_n or_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o body_n and_o good_n iniquum_fw-la videri_fw-la ut_fw-la quos_fw-la tutari_fw-la debeas_fw-la eos_fw-la ipse_fw-la potissimum_fw-la inauditos_fw-la adjudices_fw-la and_o so_o godwin_n depart_v at_o that_o time_n little_o regard_v the_o king_n fury_n as_o be_v but_o momentany_a quocirca_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la jussi_fw-la glocestriam_fw-la convenire_fw-la ut_fw-la iâ—i_fw-la magno_fw-la conventu_fw-la res_fw-la ventilaretur_fw-la therefore_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n be_v command_v to_o assemble_v together_o at_o gloucester_n that_o this_o matter_n may_v be_v there_o debate_v in_o a_o great_a parliamentary_a assembly_n thither_o come_v the_o 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against_o they_o permit_v only_o some_o few_o norman_n nominate_v in_o our_o historian_n who_o the_o king_n love_v more_o than_o the_o rest_n and_o who_o have_v be_v faithful_a to_o he_o and_o all_o the_o people_n to_o remain_v in_o england_n not_o long_o after_o william_n bishop_n of_o london_n be_v for_o his_o goodness_n recall_v and_o restore_v to_o his_o bishopric_n but_o stigand_n be_v make_v archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o place_n of_o robert_n and_o osburne_n and_o hugh_n two_o norman_n by_o birth_n leave_v their_o castle_n here_o go_v to_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n who_o entertain_v they_o and_o so_o the_o land_n be_v free_v from_o these_o foreign_a incendiary_n normannos_fw-la omnes_fw-la ignominâ_fw-la notatos_fw-la prolata_fw-la sententia_fw-la in_o robertum_fw-la archiepis_fw-la ejusque_fw-la complice_n quod_fw-la statum_fw-la regni_fw-la conturbarant_a animum_fw-la kegis_fw-la in_o provinciales_fw-la agitantes_fw-la upon_o this_o sentence_n denounce_v robert_n and_o other_o of_o they_o present_o flee_v the_o realm_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n
without_o expect_v any_o actual_a violence_n to_o banish_v and_o expel_v they_o from_o all_o these_o memorable_a historical_a passage_n as_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o great_a unconstancy_n vicissitude_n and_o change_n of_o earthly_a prince_n favour_n worldly_a honour_n preferment_n and_o popular_a favour_n with_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n of_o admit_v or_o advance_v foreigner_n to_o any_o place_n of_o trust_n or_o power_n under_o the_o king_n or_o court_n so_o we_o may_v likewise_o conclude_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o that_o age._n 1._o that_o no_o english_a man_n ought_v to_o be_v condemn_v execute_v imprison_a or_o put_v to_o death_n upon_o any_o great_a man_n bare_a suggestion_n no_o not_o by_o the_o king_n own_o special_a command_n which_o if_o give_v ought_v to_o be_v disobey_v in_o such_o case_n but_o only_o by_o and_o after_o a_o legal_a hear_n trial_n and_o conviction_n of_o the_o offence_n 2._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v then_o swear_v and_o oblige_v to_o 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precedent_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n enough_o to_o prove_v modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la suppose_v to_o be_v make_v and_o observe_v in_o this_o age_n a_o mere_a cheat_a imposture_n of_o late_a day_n as_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v 6._o that_o all_o delinquent_n of_o what_o quality_n soever_o just_o or_o unjust_o accuse_v aught_o to_o appear_v and_o justify_v themselves_o before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n in_o their_o parliamentary_a counsel_n without_o arm_a guard_n force_n tergiversation_n or_o resistance_n upon_o due_a summons_n to_o appear_v before_o they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o that_o time_n 7._o that_o king_n and_o great_a man_n come_v to_o parliamentary_a counsel_n with_o army_n strong_a arm_a guard_n and_o hold_v they_o with_o power_n or_o under_o army_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o their_o liberty_n &_o privilege_n and_o be_v a_o occasion_n of_o civil_a war_n disturbance_n much_o mischief_n to_o the_o nation_n as_o than_o they_o prove_v 8._o that_o english_a peer_n then_o be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v try_v banish_a judge_v by_o their_o peer_n both_o in_o parliamentary_a counsel_n and_o other_o court_n 9_o that_o no_o english_a peer_n or_o freeman_n can_v then_o be_v lawful_o and_o judical_o banish_v the_o realm_n but_o in_o and_o by_o sentence_n and_o judgement_n of_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n for_o some_o contempt_n or_o offence_n demeriting_a such_o a_o punishment_n 10._o that_o peer_n and_o great_a man_n obstinate_o refuse_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o trial_n and_o judgement_n of_o parliamentary_a counsel_n or_o to_o appear_v in_o they_o or_o the_o king_n court_n to_o justify_v themselves_o without_o hostage_n fist_v give_v for_o their_o securiy_n may_v just_o be_v sentence_v and_o banish_v by_o our_o parliament_n for_o such_o contempt_n and_o affront_v to_o justice_n 11._o that_o the_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o aid_n and_o assist_v their_o king_n as_o well_o against_o traitor_n rebel_n pirate_n as_o against_o foreign_a 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employment_n of_o our_o saxon_a parliament_n 14._o that_o the_o english_a freeman_n have_v be_v always_o apt_a forward_o cordial_o to_o join_v with_o such_o noble_n and_o great_a man_n who_o be_v most_o cordial_a and_o active_a to_o defend_v their_o just_a liberty_n law_n right_n against_o foreiner_n and_o other_o who_o invade_v they_o soon_o after_o the_o forementioned_a agreement_n between_o the_o king_n and_o godwin_n 441._o king_n edward_n according_a to_o his_o forementioned_a promise_n to_o make_v good_a law_n for_o all_o his_o people_n out_o of_o all_o the_o former_a british_a and_o saxon_a law_n by_o order_n of_o his_o wiseman_n compile_v a_o universal_a common_a law_n for_o all_o the_o people_n throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n which_o be_v call_v king_n edward_n law_n be_v so_o just_a and_o equal_a and_o so_o secure_v the_o profit_n and_o wealth_n of_o all_o estate_n that_o the_o people_n long_o after_o as_o mr_n fox_n and_o other_o record_v do_v rebel_n against_o their_o lord_n and_o ruler_n to_o have_v the_o same_o law_n again_o when_o suspend_v or_o take_v from_o they_o or_o dis-used_n and_o prescribe_v this_o oath_n to_o 441._o william_n the_o conqueror_n himself_o and_o every_o of_o our_o king_n since_o to_o be_v solemn_o take_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o coronation_n for_o the_o further_a ratification_n and_o better_a inviolable_a observation_n of_o these_o law_n and_o perpetuate_a they_o to_o all_o posterity_n 714._o sir_n will_v you_o grant_v and_o keep_v and_o by_o your_o do_v confirm_v to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n the_o law_n and_o custom_n grant_v to_o they_o by_o ancient_a king_n of_o england_n rightful_a man_n and_o devout_a towards_o god_n &_o namely_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o franchise_n grant_v to_o the_o clergy_n and_o to_o the_o peopie_n by_o the_o glorious_a king_n edward_n to_o your_o power_n to_o which_o the_o king_n must_v answer_v i_o will_v do_v it_o before_o he_o be_v anoint_v or_o crown_v king_n now_o because_o these_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n make_v by_o his_o wiseman_n counsel_n and_o advice_n as_o this_o clause_n 607._o sapientes_fw-la caeperunt_fw-la super_fw-la hos_fw-la habere_fw-la consilium_fw-la et_fw-la constituerunt_fw-la in_o the_o chapter_n de_fw-fr illis_fw-la qui_fw-la have_v leges_fw-la despexerent_fw-la imply_v be_v so_o famous_a and_o fundamental_a most_o of_o our_o common_a old_a law_n be_v found_v on_o or_o result_v from_o they_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o this_o brief_a account_n of_o they_o out_o of_o our_o historian_n as_o most_o pertinent_a to_o my_o subject_a matter_n and_o useful_a for_o those_o of_o my_o profession_n to_o be_v inform_v of_o be_v general_o not_o so_o well_o verse_v in_o antiquity_n history_n and_o record_n as_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o lustre_n of_o their_o honourable_a public_a calling_n pretermit_v the_o gross_a forgery_n and_o imposture_n of_o modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la so_o much_o cry_v up_o by_o 340._o 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parliament_n and_o
church_n and_o clergy_n from_o all_o invasion_n injury_n violence_n disturbance_n and_o special_o enact_v that_o not_o only_o all_o clerk_n and_o clergy_n man_n but_o all_o other_o person_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o peace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n free_a from_o all_o assault_n arrest_n and_o other_o disturbance_n whatsoever_o both_o on_o lordsday_n solemn_a festival_n and_o other_o time_n of_o public_a church_n meeting_n eundo_fw-la &_o subsistendo_fw-la &_o redeundo_fw-la both_o in_o go_v to_o continue_v at_o and_o return_v from_o the_o church_n and_o public_a duty_n of_o god_n worship_n or_o to_o synod_n and_o chapter_n to_o which_o they_o be_v either_o summon_v or_o where_o they_o have_v any_o business_n require_v their_o personal_a presence_n wherewith_o the_o statute_n of_o 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 1._o concur_v as_o to_o the_o late_a clause_n therefore_o all_o quaker_n anabaptist_n and_o other_o who_o disturb_v affront_n and_o revile_v assault_n or_o abuse_v our_o minister_n or_o their_o people_n as_o many_o now_o do_v in_o go_v to_o or_o return_v from_o the_o church_n or_o while_o they_o continue_v in_o it_o as_o well_o before_o or_o after_o as_o during_o divine_a service_n sermon_n or_o sacrament_n there_o administer_v may_v and_o aught_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n confirm_v both_o by_o confessor_n and_o conqueror_n in_o their_o parliamentary_a council_n to_o be_v due_o punish_v as_o breaker_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o all_o our_o king_n justices_z and_o minister_n of_o public_a justice_n be_v ratify_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 1_o and_o the_o 714._o coronation_n oath_n of_o all_o our_o king_n which_o all_o our_o judge_n and_o justice_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v to_o keep_v to_o god_n and_o holy_a church_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o to_o the_o people_n peace_n and_o concord_n entire_o according_a to_o their_o power_n especial_o during_o the_o public_a worship_n of_o god_n in_o the_o church_n and_o in_o go_v to_o tarry_v at_o and_o return_v from_o the_o duty_n which_o they_o owe_v unto_o he_o both_o as_o his_o creature_n and_o servant_n and_o to_o grant_v keep_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n custom_n and_o franchise_n grant_v by_o the_o glorious_a king_n edward_n 3._o that_o they_o knyghton_n prescribe_v the_o due_a payment_n of_o tithe_n to_o god_n and_o his_o minister_n as_o well_o personal_a as_o praedial_a under_o ecclesiastical_a and_o temporal_a penalty_n be_v grant_v and_o consent_v unto_o a_o rege_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la et_fw-la populo_fw-la 4._o that_o the_o knyghton_n cause_n and_o plea_n of_o the_o church_n ought_v first_o to_o be_v hear_v &_o end_v in_o court_n and_o council_n before_o any_o other_o justitia_fw-la enim_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la deus_fw-la 109._o ubique_fw-la praecaeteris_fw-la honoretur_fw-la 5._o that_o they_o thus_o define_v danegild_n danegaldi_n redditio_fw-la propter_fw-la piratas_fw-la primitus_fw-la statuta_fw-la est_fw-la patriam_fw-la enim_fw-la infestantes_fw-la vastationi_fw-la ejus_fw-la pro_fw-la posse_fw-la svo_fw-la insistebant_fw-la ad_fw-la eorum_fw-la quidem_fw-la insolentiam_fw-la reprimendam_fw-la statutum_n est_fw-la danegaldum_fw-la annuatim_fw-la reddi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la duodecim_fw-la denarios_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_n totius_fw-la patriae_fw-la ad_fw-la conducendos_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la piratarum_fw-la eruptioni_fw-la resistendo_fw-la obviarent_fw-la to_o which_o hoveden_n knyghton_n lambard_n and_o other_o subjoin_v de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la quoque_fw-la danegaldo_n omnis_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la libera_fw-la est_fw-la &_o quieta_fw-la &_o omnis_fw-la terra_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o proprio_fw-la dominico_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la erat_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la jacebar_v nihil_fw-la prorsus_fw-la in_o tali_fw-la redemptione_n persolvens_fw-la quia_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o ecclesiae_fw-la confidebant_fw-la orationibus_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o armorum_fw-la defensionibus_fw-la usque_fw-la tempora_fw-la willielmi_n junioris_fw-la qui_fw-la ruffus_n vocabatur_fw-la donec_fw-la eodem_fw-la a_o baronibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la auxilium_fw-la requirente_fw-la ad_fw-la normanniam_fw-la requirendam_fw-la &_o retinendam_fw-la de_fw-fr roberto_n svo_fw-la fratre_fw-la cognomine_fw-la cortehose_fw-mi jerusalem_fw-la proficiscente_fw-la concessum_fw-la esi_fw-la ei_fw-la non_fw-la lege_fw-la sancitum_fw-la neque_fw-la confirmatum_fw-la sed_fw-la hac_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la ex_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_fw-la sibi_fw-la dari_fw-la quatuor_fw-la solidos_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la non_fw-la excepta_fw-la dum_fw-la vero_fw-la collectio_fw-la census_fw-la fieret_fw-la proclamabat_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la svam_fw-la reposcens_fw-la libertatem_fw-la sed_fw-la nil_fw-la profecit_fw-la by_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a 1._o that_o this_o grievous_a tax_n of_o danegeld_n be_v first_o grant_v and_o appoint_v by_o a_o public_a law_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n to_o hire_v man_n to_o resist_v the_o eruption_n of_o the_o pirate_n and_o enemy_n that_o it_o amount_v but_o to_o 12_o d._n a_o year_n upon_o every_o ploughland_n that_o the_o church_n and_o demesne_n land_n of_o the_o church_n where_o ever_o they_o lay_v be_v exempt_v from_o it_o till_o william_n rufus_n his_o time_n who_o first_o exact_v it_o from_o the_o clergy_n upon_o a_o pretend_a necessity_n and_o raise_v it_o from_o 12_o d._n to_o 4_o s._n a_o ploughland_n by_o grant_n of_o the_o baron_n without_o any_o law_n to_o enact_v or_o confirm_v it_o for_o fear_v of_o draw_v it_o into_o consequence_n 6_o that_o these_o law_n thus_o describe_v the_o duty_n and_o office_n of_o a_o king_n lambard_n the_o king_n because_o he_o be_v the_o vicar_n of_o the_o high_a king_n be_v constitute_v for_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v rule_v the_o earthly_a kingdom_n and_o the_o lord_n people_n and_o above_o all_o thing_n that_o he_o may_v reverence_v his_o holy_a church_n and_o defend_v it_o from_o injury_n pluck_v away_o evildoer_n from_o it_o and_o utter_o to_o destroy_v and_o disperse_v they_o which_o unless_o he_o shall_v do_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n agree_v not_o unto_o he_o the_o prophet_n pope_n john_n witness_v nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la perdit_fw-la qui_fw-la quod_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la faciat_fw-la he_o lose_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n who_o discharge_v not_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o king_n pepin_n and_o charles_n his_o son_n be_v not_o yet_o king_n but_o prince_n under_o the_o french_a king_n hear_v this_o definitive_a sentence_n as_o well_o true_o as_o prudent_o pronounce_v concern_v the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n by_o william_n the_o bastard_n king_n of_o england_n foolish_o write_v to_o pope_n john_n demand_v this_o question_n of_o he_o whether_o the_o king_n of_o france_n ought_v so_o to_o continue_v be_v content_a only_o with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n who_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o call_v they_o king_n who_o do_v watch_v over_o defend_v and_o govern_v the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o his_o people_n 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his_o see_n from_o ramesberg_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o malmsbury_n sed_fw-la rege_fw-la jnxta_fw-la consilium_fw-la procerum_fw-la id_fw-la nolente_fw-la he_o thereupon_o resign_v his_o bishopric_n go_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o monk_n but_o repent_v of_o his_o rashness_n he_o return_v into_o england_n three_o year_n after_o and_o hold_v the_o bishopric_n of_o salisbury_n and_o sherborne_n unite_v together_o till_o the_o 9th_o year_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n 1057._o in_o the_o year_n 1057._o 568._o prince_n edward_n son_n of_o edmond_n ironside_n come_v out_o of_o hungary_n where_o he_o have_v long_o live_v a_o exile_n into_o england_n be_v send_v for_o thence_o by_o his_o uncle_n king_n edward_n who_o have_v decree_v to_o make_v he_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n after_o himself_o but_o he_o die_v at_o london_n soon_o after_o his_o return_n leave_v only_a edgar_n athelin_n his_o son_n very_o young_a and_o two_o daughter_n 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edward_n thereupon_o anno_fw-la 1063._o speed_n duke_n harold_n by_o king_n edward_n command_n march_v hostile_o into_o wales_n with_o his_o force_n to_o infest_v griffin_n who_o have_v notice_n of_o his_o come_n take_v ship_n and_o hardly_o escape_v his_o hand_n hereupon_o harold_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o likewise_o provide_v ship_n and_o furniture_n after_o this_o his_o brother_n tosti_n and_o he_o join_v their_o force_n together_o by_o the_o king_n command_n begin_v to_o depopulate_v wales_n and_o invade_v it_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n whereupon_o the_o welshman_n compel_v by_o necessity_n give_v they_o hostage_n and_o promise_v that_o they_o will_v thenceforth_o pay_v attribute_n to_o k._n edward_n as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o banish_v their_o king_n griffin_n who_o they_o expel_v according_o that_o year_n and_o an._n 1064._o they_o out_o off_o their_o king_n griffin_n head_n and_o send_v it_o unto_o harold_n who_o present_o transmit_v it_o to_o k._n edward_n whereupon_o the_o king_n make_v griffin_n brother_n blethagent_n and_o redwallo_n king_n over_o the_o welshman_n to_o who_o he_o give_v that_o land_n who_o swear_v fealty_n to_o king_n edward_n and_o harold_n et_fw-la ad_fw-la imperium_fw-la illorum_fw-la mari_fw-fr terraque_fw-la se_fw-la fore_fw-la paratos_fw-la ac_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la prius_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la regibus_fw-la anterioribus_fw-la fuâ—rant_fw-la 8_o pensa_fw-la obedienter_fw-la se_fw-la pensuros_fw-la responderunt_fw-la as_o wigorniensis_n hoveden_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n and_o other_o record_v their_o oath_n 1065._o the_o next_o year_n grafton_n tosti_n earl_n of_o northumberland_n move_v with_o envy_n against_o his_o brother_n harold_n in_o the_o king_n own_o presence_n at_o winsore_n take_v harold_n by_o the_o hair_n as_o he_o be_v drink_v wine_n to_o the_o king_n and_o violent_o strike_v the_o cup_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n use_v he_o most_o dishonourable_o all_o the_o king_n household_n admire_v at_o it_o upon_o which_o harold_n provoke_v to_o revenge_v take_v tosti_n between_o his_o arm_n and_o lift_v he_o up_o on_o high_a throw_v and_o dash_v he_o violent_o against_o the_o pavement_n at_o which_o sight_n the_o soldier_n round_o about_o run_v in_o on_o all_o side_n and_o part_v the_o begin_v fray_n perforce_o between_o these_o brother_n and_o stout_a warrior_n sever_v they_o one_o from_o the_o other_o but_o the_o king_n upon_o this_o predict_v that_o the_o destruction_n of_o these_o two_o brother_n be_v now_o near_o at_o hand_n and_o that_o their_o deadly_a fâ—ud_n be_v not_o long_o to_o be_v defer_v for_o all_o the_o son_n of_o the_o traitor_n earl_n godwin_n be_v so_o ungracious_a covetous_a oppressive_a and_o so_o extreme_o unjust_a that_o if_o they_o have_v see_v any_o fair_a manor_n or_o mansion_n 4._o place_n they_o will_v procure_v the_o owner_n thereof_o to_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o night_n withal_o his_o posterity_n and_o kindred_n that_o so_o they_o may_v get_v possession_n thereof_o for_o themselves_o who_o notwithstanding_o which_o their_o soft_a and_o honey_a speech_n although_o they_o be_v but_o sword_n do_v so_o circumvent_v the_o over-credulous_a simplicity_n of_o king_n edward_n that_o after_o many_o enormous_a wickedness_n commit_v by_o they_o he_o make_v they_o regni_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la regni_fw-la rectores_fw-la &_o dispositores_fw-la both_o justice_n ruler_n and_o disposer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o likewise_o general_n and_o admiral_n of_o his_o force_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n the_o many_o act_n of_o injustice_n commit_v by_o the_o sway_n of_o power_n and_o passion_n by_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n proportionate_a greatness_n and_o the_o king_n weakness_n do_v much_o blacken_v that_o bright_a time_n of_o peace_n and_o make_v a_o good_a man_n not_o by_o act_v but_o endure_v ill_a hold_v to_o be_v a_o bad_a king_n tosti_n after_o this_o contest_v and_o quarrel_v with_o his_o brother_n harold_n depart_v 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slaughter_a the_o inhabitant_n and_o at_o last_o be_v there_o slay_v with_o most_o of_o his_o soldier_n by_o his_o own_o brother_n king_n harold_n anno_fw-la 1066._o king_n edward_n as_o abbot_n 911._o ingulphus_n live_v in_o that_o age_n record_n anno_fw-la 1065._o being_n burden_v with_o old_a age_n perceive_v prince_n edgar_n atheling_n his_o cousin_n edward_n son_n late_o dead_a to_o be_v unfit_a for_o the_o royal_a throne_n tam_fw-la cord_n quam_fw-la corpore_fw-la as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o mind_n as_o body_n and_o that_o earl_n godwin_n many_o and_o wicked_a progeny_n do_v daily_o increase_v upon_o the_o earth_n set_v his_o mind_n upon_o his_o cousin_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n et_fw-la eum_fw-la sibi_fw-la succedere_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la voce_fw-la stabili_fw-la sancivit_fw-la and_o decree_v by_o a_o stable_a vote_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o realm_n os_fw-la england_n for_o duke_n william_n be_v then_o superior_a in_o every_o battle_n and_o a_o triumpher_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o his_o fame_n be_v public_o blaze_v abroad_o among_o all_o the_o earl_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v next_o he_o be_v invincible_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n judex_n justissiuâ—us_o in_o causarum_fw-la judicio_fw-la a_o most_o just_a judge_n in_o the_o judge_n of_o cause_n and_o most_o religious_a and_o most_o devout_a in_o the_o service_n of_o god_n hereupon_o king_n edward_n send_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o he_o as_o his_o legate_n a_o latere_fw-la or_o special_a ambassador_n illumque_fw-la designatum_fw-la svi_fw-la regni_fw-la successorem_fw-la tam_fw-la debito_fw-la cognationis_fw-la quam_fw-la merito_fw-la virtutis_fw-la suae_fw-la archipraesulis_fw-la relatu_fw-la insinuavit_fw-la and_o intimate_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o relation_n of_o his_o archbishop_n that_o he_o have_v design_v he_o to_o be_v the_o successor_n of_o his_o realm_n as_o well_o by_o the_o debt_n of_o kindred_n as_o by_o the_o merit_n of_o virtue_n moreover_o harold_n the_o major_a of_o the_o king_n court_n come_v into_o normandy_n not_o only_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v conserve_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o duke_n william_n after_o the_o king_n death_n but_o likewise_o promise_v upon_o oath_n that_o he_o will_v take_v the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n william_n for_o his_o wife_n and_o upon_o these_o promise_n return_v home_o magnificent_o reward_v after_o which_o he_o subjoin_v edwardi_fw-la piissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la cujus_fw-la cognatione_fw-la et_fw-la consanguinitate_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la noster_fw-la willelmus_fw-la fundat_fw-la conscientiam_fw-la svam_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la invadendi_fw-la caeteris_fw-la regibus_fw-la de_fw-la danorum_fw-la sanguine_fw-la quasi_fw-la nullius_fw-la authoritatis_fw-la ad_fw-la allegandum_fw-la interim_n intermissis_fw-la 93._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n who_o flourish_v in_o or_o near_o that_o very_a age_n thus_o second_v he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n his_o son_n edgar_n be_v neque_fw-la promptus_fw-la menu_fw-la neque_fw-la probus_fw-la ingenio_fw-la rex_fw-la itaque_fw-la defuncto_fw-la cognato_fw-la quia_fw-la spes_fw-la prioris_fw-la erat_fw-la soluta_fw-la suffragii_fw-la willielmo_n comiti_fw-la normanniae_fw-la successionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la dedit_fw-la erat_fw-la ille_fw-la hoc_fw-la munere_fw-la dignus_fw-la praestans_fw-la animi_fw-la juvenis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la in_o supremum_fw-la fastigium_fw-la alacri_fw-la labour_v excreverat_fw-la praeterea_fw-la proxime_fw-la consanguineus_fw-la filius_fw-la roberti_n filius_fw-la richardi_fw-la seoundi_fw-la quem_fw-la fratrem_fw-la fuisse_fw-la emmae_fw-la matris_fw-la edwardi_fw-la non_fw-la semel_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la diximus_fw-la forunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la ipsum_fw-la haroldum_n a_o rege_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la normanniam_fw-la missum_fw-la alii_fw-la secretioris_fw-la consilii_fw-la conscii_fw-la invitum_fw-la venti_fw-la violentia_fw-la illuc_fw-la actum_fw-la quo_fw-la se_fw-la tueretur_fw-la invenisse_fw-la commentum_fw-la quod_fw-la quia_fw-la propius_fw-la vero_fw-la videtur_fw-la exponam_fw-la harold_n come_v to_o his_o farm_n at_o boseam_n go_v for_o his_o recreation_n into_o a_o fisherboat_n and_o put_v forth_o into_o the_o sea_n in_o sport_n be_v by_o a_o sudden_a contrary_a storm_n arise_v drive_v with_o his_o companion_n into_o the_o village_n of_o ponthieu_n in_o france_n where_o he_o be_v strip_v and_o bind_v hand_n and_o foot_n by_o the_o rude_a country_n people_n and_o carry_v prisoner_n to_o guido_n their_o earl_n who_o detain_v he_o in_o prison_n to_o gain_v a_o ransom_n from_o he_o whereupon_o harold_n be_v of_o a_o subtle_a wit_n study_v how_o to_o relieve_v himself_o by_o large_a promise_n procure_v a_o messenger_n to_o inform_v duke_n william_n that_o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n into_o normandy_n that_o what_o lesser_a messenger_n have_v but_o mutter_v touch_v his_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n he_o may_v perform_v by_o his_o presence_n especial_o that_o he_o be_v detain_v in_o bond_n by_o earl_n guido_n whereby_o he_o be_v hinder_v to_o deliver_v his_o message_n notwithstanding_o his_o appeal_n to_o he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a diminution_n to_o his_o honour_n and_o if_o his_o captivity_n be_v to_o be_v redeem_v with_o money_n he_o will_v willing_o give_v it_o to_o he_o and_o not_o to_o guido_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v by_o duke_n williams_n command_v release_v bring_v by_o guido_n into_o normandy_n and_o there_o noble_o feast_v by_o the_o duke_n where_o by_o his_o valour_n and_o policy_n he_o gain_v great_a reputation_n with_o duke_n william_n and_o that_o he_o may_v more_o endear_v himself_o in_o his_o favour_n he_o there_o voluntary_o of_o his_o own_o accord_n confirm_v to_o he_o the_o castle_n of_o dover_n which_o belong_v to_o he_o of_o right_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n after_o king_n edward_n decease_n whereupon_o the_o duke_n espouse_v he_o to_o his_o daughter_n adeliza_n than_o a_o child_n and_o bestow_v her_o whole_a ample_a portion_n upon_o harold_n and_o then_o honourable_o dismiss_v he_o 426._o matthew_n westminster_n anno_fw-la 1057._o relate_v this_o story_n of_o harold_n drive_v into_o ponthieu_n by_o storm_n against_o his_o will_n as_o happen_v in_o that_o year_n and_o that_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o duke_n william_n
post_fw-la mortem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la ei_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la sacramento_n firmavit_fw-la subjoin_v thereto_o tradunt_fw-la autem_fw-la aliter_fw-la alii_fw-la quod_fw-la videlicet_fw-la haroldus_n a_o rege_fw-la edwardo_n fuerat_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o normanniam_fw-la missus_fw-la ut_fw-la ducem_fw-la gulihelmum_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la conduceret_fw-la qnem_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la haeredem_fw-la sibi_fw-la constituere_fw-la cogitavit_fw-la roger_n de_fw-fr hoved._n annal._n pars_fw-la prio_fw-la p._n 449._o radulph_n de_fw-fr diceto_fw-it abbr._n chron._n col_fw-fr 480_o 481._o eadmerus_n hist_o novorum_n l._n 1._o p._n 4_o 5._o sim._n dunel_n hist_o col_fw-fr 195._o jo._n bromton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n col_fw-fr 947._o hygden_n in_o his_o polychron_n l._n 6._o c._n 27._o with_o other_o record_v the_o matter_n somewhat_o different_a from_o our_o other_o historian_n that_o harold_n after_o his_o father_n death_n crave_v leave_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o go_v into_o normandy_n to_o free_a and_o bring_v into_o england_n his_o brother_n wulnoth_n &_o nephew_n hake_n there_o detain_v hostage_n the_o king_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o go_v as_o send_v by_o he_o but_o yet_o leave_v he_o free_a to_o do_v what_o he_o please_v of_o himself_o therein_o add_v praesentio_fw-la tament_fw-it ad_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la tendere_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o detrimentum_fw-la totius_fw-la anglici_fw-la regni_fw-la et_fw-la opprobrium_fw-la tui_fw-la nec_fw-la enim_fw-la ita_fw-la novi_fw-la comitem_fw-la mentis_fw-la expertem_fw-la ut_fw-la eos_fw-la aliquatenus_fw-la velit_fw-la concedere_fw-la tibi_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la praescie_a â—it_n in_o hoc_fw-la magnum_fw-la proficuum_fw-la svi_fw-la harold_n notwithstanding_o take_v ship_n to_o go_v into_o normandy_n upon_o this_o occasion_n be_v drive_v by_o storm_n into_o ponthieu_n and_o there_o imprison_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o by_o duke_n william_n mean_n and_o threat_n after_o two_o denial_n release_v who_o honourable_o entertain_v he_o for_o some_o day_n to_o advance_v his_o own_o design_n by_o he_o at_o last_o open_v his_o mind_n thus_o to_o he_o dicebat_fw-la itaque_fw-la regem_fw-la edwardum_fw-la quando_fw-la secum_fw-la inveneolim_fw-la juvenis_fw-la in_o normanniae_fw-la demoraretur_fw-la sibi_fw-la interposita_fw-la fide_fw-la sua_fw-la pollicitum_fw-la suisse_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la foret_fw-la jusregni_fw-la in_o illum_fw-la jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la transferret_fw-la &_o subdens_fw-la ait_fw-la tu_fw-la quoque_fw-la si_fw-la mihi_fw-la te_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la ipso_fw-la adminiculaturum_fw-la sposponderis_fw-la et_fw-la insuper_fw-la castellum_fw-la dofris_fw-fr cum_fw-la puteo_fw-la aquae_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la meum_fw-la te_fw-la facturum_fw-la sororemque_fw-la tuam_fw-la uni_fw-la de_fw-la principibus_fw-la meis_fw-la dederis_fw-la in_o vxorem_fw-la te_fw-la ad_fw-la i_o temport_v quo_fw-la nobis_fw-la conveniet_fw-la destinaturum_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la filiam_fw-la meam_fw-la in_o conjugem_fw-la accepturum_fw-la promiseris_fw-la tunc_fw-la et_fw-la modo_fw-la nepotem_fw-la tuum_fw-la et_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la venero_fw-la regnaturus_fw-la sratrem_fw-la tuum_fw-la incolumem_fw-la recipies_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la regno_fw-la si_fw-la tuo_fw-la favore_fw-la confirmatus_fw-la fuero_fw-la spondeo_fw-la quod_fw-la omne_fw-la quod_fw-la à _fw-la i_o rationabiliter_fw-la tibi_fw-la postulaveris_fw-la obtinebis_fw-la hereupon_o harold_n perceive_v danger_n on_o every_o side_n and_o not_o know_v how_o to_o escape_v unless_o he_o condescend_v to_o william_n will_n in_o all_o thing_n he_o thereupon_o consent_v to_o his_o request_n but_o he_o that_o all_o thing_n may_v be_v ratify_v bring_v forth_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n bring_v harold_n to_o this_o that_o he_o shall_v swear_v upon_o they_o that_o he_o will_v actual_o perform_v all_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v agree_v between_o they_o these_o thing_n thus_o do_v harold_n receive_v his_o nephew_n return_v into_o his_o country_n where_o he_o relate_v to_o the_o king_n upon_o his_o demand_n what_o have_v happen_v and_o what_o he_o have_v do_v who_o say_v do_v i_o not_o tell_v thou_o i_o know_v william_n and_o that_o many_o mischief_n may_v happen_v to_o this_o kingdom_n in_o thy_o journey_n i_o foresee_v in_o this_o thy_o deed_n that_o great_a calamity_n will_v come_v upon_o our_o nation_n which_o i_o beseech_v god_n of_o his_o infinite_a mercy_n to_o grant_v that_o they_o may_v not_o happen_v in_o my_o day_n 213._o mr._n fox_n relate_v this_o story_n more_o brief_o conclude_v thus_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v ather_v that_o king_n edward_n be_v right_o willing_a that_o duke_n william_n shall_v reign_v after_o he_o and_o also_o it_o seem_v not_o unlike_a but_o that_o he_o have_v give_v he_o his_o promise_n thereunto_o before_o the_o same_o hoveden_n annalium_fw-la pars_fw-la posterior_n p._n 608_o 609_o 610._o recite_v the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n confirm_v by_o king_n william_n after_o he_o get_v the_o crown_n record_v these_o passage_n intermix_v with_o they_o that_o king_n edward_n retain_v his_o cousin_n edward_n son_n edgar_z with_o he_o and_o nourish_v he_o for_o his_o son_n and_o because_o he_o think_v to_o make_v he_o his_o heir_n he_o name_v he_o adeling_o which_o we_o call_v a_o little_a lord_n but_o king_n edward_n so_o soon_o as_o 〈◊〉_d know_v the_o wickedness_n of_o his_o nation_n and_o especial_o the_o pride_n of_o the_o son_n of_o godwin_n of_o harold_n who_o after_o invade_v the_o kingdom_n estigurt_n lefwin_n and_o other_o of_o his_o brother_n imagine_v that_o what_o he_o have_v purpose_v concern_v edgar_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v stable_n adoptavit_fw-la willielmum_fw-la ducem_fw-la normannorum_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la adopt_v william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o realm_n william_n i_o say_v the_o bastard_n the_o son_n of_o robert_n his_o uncle_n a_o valiant_a warlike_a and_o stout_a man_n who_o afterward_o by_o god_n assistance_n by_o vanquish_a the_o aforesaid_a harold_n son_n of_o godwin_n victorious_o obtain_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n to_o which_o he_o subjoin_v that_o edward_n want_v issue_n send_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o his_o cousin_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n &_o de_fw-fr regno_fw-la eum_fw-la constituit_fw-la haeredem_fw-la and_o make_v he_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yea_o after_o he_o he_o send_v earl_n harold_n and_o he_o invade_v the_o realm_n he_o further_a record_n that_o when_o king_n william_n will_v have_v alter_v the_o law_n of_o england_n present_v to_o he_o upon_o oath_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n but_o in_o one_o poinâ—_n universi_fw-la compatriotae_fw-la qui_fw-la leges_fw-la edixerant_fw-la tristes_fw-la effecti_fw-la etc._n etc._n tandem_fw-la eum_fw-la prosecuti_fw-la sunt_fw-la deprecantes_fw-la quatenus_fw-la pro_fw-la anima_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la qui_fw-la ei_fw-la post_fw-la diem_fw-la suum_fw-la concesserat_fw-la coronam_fw-la et_fw-la regnum_fw-la et_fw-la cujus_fw-la erant_fw-la leges_fw-la that_o he_o will_v not_o alter_v the_o law_n herein_o whereupon_o he_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n 28._o thomas_n of_o walsingham_n thus_o register_n the_o fact_n edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la prolis_fw-la successione_n carens_fw-la olim_fw-la miserat_fw-la duci_fw-la robertum_fw-la archiepiscopum_fw-la cantuar._n statuens_fw-la illum_fw-la haeredem_fw-la regni_fw-la a_o deo_fw-la sibi_fw-la attributi_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la haroldum_n ipse_fw-la postmodum_fw-la destinavit_fw-la qui_fw-la fuit_fw-la maximus_fw-la comitum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la in_o honore_fw-la dominatione_fw-la et_fw-la divitiis_fw-la ut_fw-la ei_fw-la de_fw-la corona_n sua_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la faceret_fw-la ac_fw-la christiano_n more_fw-mi sacramentis_fw-la confirmaret_fw-la qui_fw-la dum_fw-la ob_fw-la hoc_fw-la negotii_fw-la venire_fw-la contenderet_fw-la velificato_fw-la freto_fw-la porti_fw-la pontnium_fw-la appulit_fw-la ubi_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la widonis_fw-la abbatis_fw-la villae_fw-la s._n abvile_n comitis_fw-la incidit_fw-la quem_fw-la idem_fw-la comes_fw-la captuâ—_n cum_fw-la suis_fw-la confestim_fw-la in_o custodiam_fw-la trusit_fw-la quod_fw-la ut_fw-la â—ux_fw-la comperit_fw-la missis_fw-la legatis_fw-la violent_a illum_fw-la extorsit_fw-la quem_fw-la aliquandiu_fw-la secum_fw-la moratum_fw-la facto_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la pluribus_fw-la sacramentis_fw-la cum_fw-la muneribus_fw-la multis_fw-la regi_fw-la remisit_fw-la denique_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la completo_fw-la termino_fw-la foelicis_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la etc._n etc._n migravit_fw-la a_o saeculo_fw-la cujus_fw-la regnum_fw-la haroldus_n continuo_fw-la invasit_fw-la ex_fw-la fidelitate_fw-la pejuratus_fw-la quam_fw-la duci_fw-la juraverat_fw-la ad_fw-la quem_fw-la legatos_fw-la direxit_fw-la protinus_fw-la hortans_fw-la ut_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la vesania_fw-la resipisceret_fw-la fidem_fw-la quam_fw-la juramento_fw-la sposponderat_fw-la cum_fw-la digna_fw-la subjectione_n servaret_fw-la sed_fw-la ille_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la audire_fw-la contempsit_fw-la verum_fw-la omnem_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la anglorum_fw-la gentem_fw-la infideliter_fw-la avertit_fw-la etc._n etc._n chronicon_fw-la johannis_n bromton_n col._n 945._o relate_v that_o king_n edward_n purpose_v to_o make_v edgar_z who_o he_o have_v nourish_v as_o his_o son_n heir_n of_o england_n sed_fw-la ut_fw-la quidam_fw-la aiunt_fw-la rex_fw-la gentis_fw-la suae_fw-la malitiam_fw-la et_fw-la praecipuè_fw-la superbiam_fw-la haroldi_n silij_fw-la godwini_fw-la et_fw-la aliorum_fw-la divina_fw-la demonstratione_fw-la praevidens_fw-la percepit_fw-la quod_fw-la propositum_fw-la suum_fw-la quoad_fw-la ipsum_fw-la edgarum_fw-la cognatum_fw-la suum_fw-la
de_fw-la regno_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la obtinendo_fw-la minime_fw-la potuit_fw-la adimplere_fw-la unde_fw-la willhelmo_n cognato_fw-la svo_fw-la normannorum_fw-la duci_fw-la regnum_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la optinendum_fw-la per_fw-la solennes_n nuncios_fw-la assignavit_fw-la and_o col._n 957._o he_o add_v some_o say_v that_o king_n edward_n before_o his_o death_n have_v appoint_v william_n to_o succeed_v he_o according_a to_o the_o promise_n which_o the_o say_a king_n have_v make_v he_o when_o he_o be_v a_o young_a man_n live_v in_o normandy_n that_o he_o shall_v succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n concern_v which_o as_o some_o write_v be_v have_v send_v solemn_a messenger_n to_o he_o into_o normandy_n the_o like_a be_v affirm_v almost_o in_o the_o same_o word_n by_o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n de_fw-fr eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c_o 15._o col_fw-fr 2238._o and_o by_o fabian_n caxton_n cambden_n holinsh_v grafton_n speed_n daniel_n stow_n vestegan_n and_o other_o modern_a historian_n 〈…〉_z matthew_n paris_z in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o history_n of_o england_n p._n 1._o relate_v harold_n drive_v into_o pountoise_n by_o storm_n as_o he_o be_v take_v his_o pleasure_n at_o sea_n his_o present_v to_o duke_n william_n his_o espousal_n to_o his_o daughter_n under_o age_n which_o he_o ratify_v by_o oath_n take_v upon_o the_o relic_n of_o saint_n add_v juravit_fw-la insuper_fw-la se_fw-la post_fw-la mortem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la qui_fw-la jam_fw-la senuit_fw-la sine_fw-la liberis_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la duci_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la jus_o habuit_fw-la fideliter_fw-la conservaturum_fw-la consummatis_fw-la igitur_fw-la aliquot_fw-la diebus_fw-la cum_fw-la summa_fw-la laetitia_fw-la amplis_fw-la muneribus_fw-la ditatus_fw-la in_fw-la angliam_fw-la reversus_fw-la est_fw-la haroldus_n sed_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o tuto_fw-la constitueretur_fw-la jactabat_fw-la se_fw-la laqueos_fw-la evasisse_fw-la hostiles_fw-la perjurii_fw-la crimen_fw-la eligendo_fw-la and_o 912._o anno_fw-la 1257._o write_v of_o the_o lay_v peer_n of_o france_n whereof_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n be_v first_o he_o have_v this_o passage_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la dux_n est_fw-fr de_fw-fr jure_fw-la normanniae_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la derivatione_fw-la geneali_fw-la rex_fw-la ex_fw-la conquestu_fw-la dicitur_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la beatus_fw-la edwardus_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la haerede_fw-la caruit_fw-la regnum_fw-la legavit_fw-la willielmo_n bastardo_fw-la duci_fw-la 10._o normannorum_fw-la sed_fw-la hoc_fw-la robore_fw-la asseruitur_fw-la caruisse_fw-la quia_fw-la hoc_fw-la fecit_fw-la in_o lecto_fw-la lethali_fw-la et_fw-la sine_fw-la baronagii_fw-la svi_fw-la commnni_fw-la consensu_fw-la by_o all_o which_o testimony_n as_o likewise_o by_o the_o express_a relation_n of_o mr._n cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n p._n 144_o 145._o richard_n verstegan_n his_o restitution_n of_o decay_a antiquity_n matthew_n parker_n his_o antiquitates_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la britanniae_fw-la p._n 88_o mr._n selden'_v review_n of_o his_o history_n of_o tithe_n p._n 482_o 483._o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o king_n edward_n while_o he_o be_v in_o normandy_n before_o he_o be_v king_n upon_o duke_n williams_n repair_v into_o england_n to_o he_o after_o he_o be_v king_n by_o several_a messenger_n and_o hostage_n send_v to_o he_o in_o his_o old_a age_n and_o in_o his_o very_a deathbed_n appoint_a duke_n william_n to_o be_v both_o his_o successor_n and_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o that_o harold_n either_o voluntary_o as_o purposely_o send_v by_o king_n edward_n or_o crafty_o upon_o pretence_n he_o be_v send_v by_o he_o to_o work_v his_o own_o enlargement_n and_o his_o nephew_n or_o upon_o william_n motion_n to_o he_o voluntary_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v faithful_o preserve_v the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o he_o after_o king_n edward_n death_n who_o have_v appoint_v he_o to_o succeed_v he_o as_o his_o heir_n &_o next_o kinsman_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n and_o that_o he_o intend_v to_o dishinherit_v his_o cousin_n edgar_n atheling_n of_o it_o though_o next_o heir_n to_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o minority_n unfitness_n and_o indisposition_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n to_o sway_v the_o sceptre_n of_o the_o realm_n king_n edward_n have_v finish_v his_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n and_o endow_v it_o with_o ample_a land_n and_o privilege_n by_o 1066._o three_o several_a charter_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o all_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n as_o speed_n aforesaid_a anno_fw-la 1066_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v solemn_o consecrate_v on_o innecents_n day_n with_o great_a solemnity_n but_o fall_v sick_a in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o festival_n solemnity_n of_o its_o dedication_n he_o betake_v himself_o to_o his_o bed_n where_o continue_v speechless_a for_o two_o day_n space_n together_o on_o the_o three_o day_n give_v a_o great_a groan_n and_o arise_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o dead_a he_o relate_v to_o those_o then_o about_o he_o a_o vision_n he_o have_v see_v touch_v the_o state_n of_o england_n namely_o that_o two_o religious_a monk_n he_o have_v former_o know_v in_o normandy_n dead_a many_o year_n before_o be_v send_v unto_o he_o with_o this_o message_n declare_v the_o corruption_n and_o vice_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n gentry_n and_o people_n of_o england_n and_o the_o judgement_n ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o same_o which_o 431._o matthew_n westminster_n thus_o relate_v quoniam_fw-la primores_fw-la angliae_fw-la deuce_n episcopi_fw-la &_o abbates_n non_fw-la sunt_fw-la ministri_fw-la dei_fw-la sed_fw-la diaboli_fw-la tradidit_fw-la deus_fw-la hoc_fw-la regnum_fw-la uno_fw-la anno_fw-la et_fw-la die_fw-la uno_fw-la in_fw-la manu_fw-la inimici_fw-la daemonesque_fw-la terram_fw-la hanc_fw-la totam_fw-la pervagabunt_fw-la 400._o abbot_n ailred_n thus_o record_v it_o impletum_fw-la dicunt_fw-la anglorum_fw-la nequitiam_fw-la &_o iniquitas_fw-la consummata_fw-la iram_fw-la provocat_n accelerate_v vindâ—ctam_fw-la sacerdotes_fw-la praevaricati_fw-la sunt_fw-la pactum_fw-la domini_fw-la polluto_fw-la pectore_fw-la &_o manibus_fw-la iniquitatis_fw-la sancta_fw-la contrectant_fw-la &_o non_fw-la pastor_n sed_fw-la mercenarii_fw-la exponunt_fw-la lupis_fw-la oves_fw-la non_fw-la protegunt_fw-la lac_fw-la &_o lanam_fw-la quaerunt_fw-la non_fw-la oves_fw-la ut_fw-la detrusos_fw-la ad_fw-la inferos_fw-la mors_fw-la &_o pastor_n depascat_fw-la et_fw-la oves_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la principes_fw-la terrae_fw-la infideles_fw-la sociae_fw-la surum_fw-la praedones_fw-la patriae_fw-la quibus_fw-la nec_fw-la deus_fw-la timori_fw-la est_fw-la nec_fw-la lex_fw-la honori_fw-la quibus_fw-la veritas_fw-la oneri_fw-la jus_fw-la contemptui_fw-la crudelitas_fw-la delectationi_fw-la itaque_fw-la nec_fw-la servant_z praelati_fw-la justitiam_fw-la nec_fw-la subditi_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la et_fw-la ecce_fw-la dominus_fw-la gladium_fw-la suum_fw-la vibravit_fw-la arcum_fw-la suum_fw-la tetendit_fw-la et_fw-la paravit_fw-la illum_fw-la ostendet_fw-la deinceps_fw-la populo_fw-la hinc_fw-la iram_fw-la &_o indignationem_fw-la immissiones_fw-la insuper_fw-la per_fw-la angelos_n malos_fw-la quibus_fw-la traditi_fw-la sunt_fw-la anno_fw-la uno_fw-la &_o die_fw-la uno_fw-la igne_fw-la simul_fw-la et_fw-la gladio_fw-la puniendi_fw-la the_o king_n groan_v and_o sigh_v for_o this_o calamity_n that_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o his_o people_n demand_v of_o the_o monk_n whether_o if_o they_o repent_v of_o their_o sin_n upon_o his_o admonition_n to_o they_o god_n will_v not_o pardon_v they_o and_o remove_v his_o judgement_n as_o he_o do_v from_o the_o ninivites_fw-la they_o reply_v that_o god_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n receive_v they_o into_o his_o favour_n because_o the_o heart_n of_o this_o people_n be_v harden_v and_o their_o eye_n blind_v and_o their_o ear_n deafen_a that_o they_o will_v not_o hear_v reproof_n nor_o understand_v admonition_n nor_o be_v terrify_v with_o threaten_n nor_o provoke_v with_o his_o late_a benefit_n the_o king_n thereupon_o demand_v whether_o god_n will_v be_v angry_a for_o ever_o whether_o he_o will_v be_v any_o more_o entreat_v and_o when_o they_o may_v hope_v for_o a_o release_n of_o so_o great_a calamity_n to_o which_o they_o reply_v that_o if_o a_o green_a tree_n cut_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o carry_v a_o great_a space_n from_o the_o stock_n can_v without_o any_o help_n reunite_v itself_o to_o the_o root_n and_o grow_v again_o and_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n than_o may_v the_o remission_n of_o such_o evil_n be_v hope_v for_o the_o verity_n of_o which_o prophecy_n add_v our_o historian_n the_o englishman_n experimental_o feel_v namely_o that_o england_n shall_v be_v a_o habitation_n of_o stranger_n and_o a_o domination_n of_o foreiner_n because_o a_o little_a space_n after_o scarce_o any_o englishman_n be_v either_o a_o king_n a_o duke_n bishop_n or_o abbot_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o hope_n also_o of_o the_o end_n of_o this_o misery_n king_n edward_n after_o his_o relation_n of_o this_o vision_n to_o the_o noble_n and_o prelate_n then_o about_o he_o yield_v up_o the_o ghost_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n on_o epiphany_n eve_n an._n 1066._o and_o be_v solemn_o inter_v the_o next_o day_n in_o westminster_n abbey_n the_o royal_a line_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n end_v in_o he_o which_o have_v continue_v from_o cerdic_n the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n for_o 571._o year_n without_o interruption_n except_o by_o some_o
danish_a usurper_n who_o for_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o english_a reign_v for_o some_o year_n over_o they_o with_o rigour_n and_o be_v soon_o cut_v off_o by_o death_n chapter_n 6._o comprise_v the_o historical_a passage_n relate_v to_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n law_n liberty_n property_n right_n government_n of_o england_n anno_fw-la 1066._o under_o the_o short_a reign_n of_o the_o usurper_n king_n harold_n till_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o false_o surname_v the_o conqueror_n though_o never_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o conquest_n but_o title_n king_n edward_n decease_a without_o any_o issue_n 1066._o of_o his_o body_n to_o succeed_v he_o refuse_v all_o carnal_a copulation_n with_o his_o queen_n either_o out_o of_o a_o vow_a virginity_n as_o most_o historian_n conclude_v or_o out_o of_o a_o detestation_n of_o earl_n godwin_n traitorous_a race_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la religiosus_fw-la de_fw-la genere_fw-la proditor_n be_v haeredes_fw-la qui_fw-la sibi_fw-la succederent_fw-la corrupto_fw-la semine_fw-la regio_fw-la nolue_v rit_fw-fr procreari_fw-la as_o 900._o ingulphus_n 13._o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o record_n thereby_o expose_v the_o kingdom_n for_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o ambitious_a pretender_n aspire_v after_o it_o upon_o which_o consideration_n praesentiebant_fw-la plures_fw-la in_o ejus_fw-la morte_fw-la desolationem_fw-la patriae_fw-la plebis_fw-la exterminium_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la nobilitatis_fw-la excidium_fw-la finem_fw-la libertatis_fw-la honoris_fw-la rvinam_fw-la as_o 399._o abbot_n ailred_n inform_v we_o the_o english_a prelate_n and_o noble_n be_v then_o all_o assemble_v at_o westminster_n to_o the_o solemn_a consecration_n of_o the_o abbey_n be_v much_o perplex_v and_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n exceed_o grieve_v at_o his_o death_n for_o although_o he_o be_v 79._o vir_fw-la propter_fw-la morum_fw-la simplicitatem_fw-la parum_fw-la imperio_fw-la idoneus_fw-la yet_o he_o be_v deo_fw-la devotus_fw-la ideoque_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la directus_fw-la denique_fw-la eo_fw-la regnante_fw-la nullus_fw-la tumultus_fw-la domesticus_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la cito_fw-la comprimeretur_fw-la nullum_fw-la bellum_fw-la forinsecus_fw-la omne_fw-la domi_fw-la forisque_fw-la quieta_fw-la omne_fw-la tranquilla_fw-la quod_fw-la eo_fw-la magis_fw-la stupendum_fw-la quia_fw-la ita_fw-la se_fw-la mansuete_fw-la ageret_fw-la ut_fw-la nec_fw-la viles_fw-la homunculos_fw-la verbo_fw-la laedere_fw-la noscet_fw-la nam_fw-la dum_fw-la quadam_fw-la vice_fw-la venatum_fw-la isset_fw-la et_fw-la agrestis_fw-la quidem_fw-la stabulata_fw-la illa_fw-la quibus_fw-la in_o cass_n cervi_fw-la urgentur_fw-la confudisset_fw-la ille_fw-la sua_fw-la nobili_fw-la percitus_fw-la ira_fw-la per_fw-la deum_fw-la inquit_fw-la et_fw-la matrem_fw-la ejus_fw-la tantundem_fw-la tibi_fw-la nocebo_fw-la si_fw-la potero_fw-la egregius_fw-la animus_n quise_z regem_fw-la in_o talibus_fw-la non_fw-la meminisset_fw-la nec_fw-la abjectae_fw-la conditionis_fw-la homini_fw-la se_fw-la posse_fw-la nocere_fw-la putaret_fw-la erat_fw-la interea_fw-la ejus_fw-la apud_fw-la domesticos_fw-la reverentia_fw-la vehemens_fw-la apud_fw-la exteros_fw-la metus_fw-la ingens_fw-la fovebat_fw-la profecto_fw-la ejus_fw-la simplicitatem_fw-la deus_fw-la ut_fw-la posset_n timeri_fw-la qui_fw-la nesciret_fw-la irasci_fw-la no_o wonder_v then_o if_o his_o death_n be_v much_o lament_v by_o all_o his_o subject_n 402._o cum_fw-la omnes_fw-la et_fw-la in_o rege_fw-la cernerent_fw-la unde_fw-la gauderent_fw-la et_fw-la in_o se_fw-la sentirent_fw-la unde_fw-la dolerent_fw-la the_o english_a nobility_n be_v much_o trouble_v and_o divide_v in_o their_o mind_n and_o affection_n which_o be_v waver_v touch_v the_o election_n of_o a_o fit_a person_n to_o succeed_v he_o 433._o fluctuabant_fw-la proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la quem_fw-la sibi_fw-la regem_fw-la praeficerent_fw-la et_fw-la rectorem_fw-la many_o of_o they_o favour_v william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n as_o special_o design_v by_o king_n edward_n to_o succeed_v he_o other_o of_o they_o incline_v to_o prince_n edgar_n atheling_n as_o the_o next_o and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n cui_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la debebatur_fw-la other_o of_o they_o favour_a harold_n earl_n godwin_n son_n as_o be_v a_o person_n then_o of_o great_a power_n and_o valour_n in_o the_o realm_n 99_o anglia_fw-it dubio_fw-la favore_fw-la nutabat_fw-la cui_fw-la se_fw-la rectori_fw-la committeret_fw-la incerta_fw-la a_o haraldo_n a_o willielmo_n a_o edgaro_n no_o &_o illum_fw-la pro_fw-la genere_fw-la proximum_fw-la regno_fw-la proceribus_fw-la rex_fw-la commendaverat_fw-la harold_n be_v a_o crafty_a subtle_a man_n know_v that_o delay_n be_v hurtful_a to_o those_o who_o be_v prepare_v on_o the_o very_a day_n of_o epiphany_n whereon_o king_n edward_n be_v bury_v have_v the_o command_n of_o all_o the_o militia_n and_o force_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o general_n and_o viceroy_n to_o the_o decease_a king_n by_o the_o strength_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n invade_v and_o seize_v upon_o the_o royal_a crown_n and_o then_o present_o set_v it_o upon_o his_o own_o head_n crowning_z himself_z king_n without_o any_o title_n right_o or_o due_a election_n by_o the_o noble_n or_o coronation_n by_o the_o bishop_n whereby_o he_o incur_v the_o hatred_n both_o of_o the_o english_a prelate_n and_o pope_n and_o then_o extort_a allegiance_n from_o the_o noble_n as_o william_n of_o malmsbury_n matthew_n paris_n ingulphus_n henry_n huntindon_n matthew_n westminster_n the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n knyghton_n caxton_n mr._n fox_n speed_n and_o some_o other_o attest_v but_o marianus_n scotus_n florent_fw-la wigorniensis_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n sim._n dunelm_n radulfus_n de_fw-fr diceto_n eadmerus_n hygden_n fabian_n grafton_n with_o other_o write_v in_o favour_n of_o harold_n that_o king_n edward_n before_o his_o death_n make_v he_o not_o only_o his_o general_n but_o viceroy_n and_o ordain_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v king_n after_o he_o whereupon_o a_o totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primatibus_fw-la ad_fw-la regale_n culmen_fw-la electus_fw-la he_o be_v elect_v to_o be_v â—ing_v by_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n and_o solemn_o consecrate_v and_o crown_v king_n by_o aldred_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o so_o juxta_fw-la quod_fw-la ante_fw-la mortem_fw-la edwardus_fw-la statuerat_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la ei_fw-la successit_fw-la haroldus_n write_v l_o eadmerus_n that_o king_n 5._o edward_n design_v he_o for_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o crown_n seem_v very_o improbable_a because_o harold_n himself_o never_o allege_v nor_o pretend_v it_o in_o any_o of_o his_o answer_n to_o duke_n william_n ambassador_n to_o he_o who_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o his_o special_a bequest_n and_o designation_n in_o his_o life-time_n and_o because_o king_n edward_n hatred_n to_o godwin_n and_o his_o posterity_n seem_v inconsistent_a with_o it_o 93._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n a_o impartial_a disengage_v author_n live_v in_o or_o near_o that_o time_n give_v we_o this_o determination_n of_o these_o different_a relation_n recâ—nâ—i_fw-la adhuâ—_n regalis_fw-la funeris_fw-la luctu_fw-la haroldus_n ipso_fw-la theophaniae_fw-la die_fw-la extorta_fw-la a_o principibus_fw-la fide_fw-la arrâ—…_n diaâ—â—ma_n quaâ—ivis_fw-la angli_fw-la dicant_fw-la a_o rege_fw-la concessuâ—…_n quod_fw-la tamen_fw-la magis_fw-la benevolentia_fw-la quam_fw-la judicio_fw-la allegari_fw-la existimo_fw-la ut_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditâ—tens_fw-la transfunderet_fw-la svam_fw-la cujus_fw-la semper_fw-la suspectam_fw-la habuerat_fw-la potentiam_fw-la quamvis_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la celetur_fw-la veritas_fw-la pro_fw-la persona_fw-la quam_fw-la gerebat_fw-la regnum_fw-la prudentiae_fw-la &_o fortitudine_fw-la gubernaret_fw-la si_fw-la legitime_fw-la suscepiscet_fw-la abbot_n 900._o ingulphus_n live_v at_o that_o time_n thus_o relate_v his_o intrusion_n into_o the_o throne_n against_o his_o oath_n in_o crastino_fw-la regiâ—funeris_fw-la comes_fw-la haroldus_n contra_fw-la suum_fw-la statum_fw-la &_o jusjurandum_fw-la contempter_n praestiâ—ae_fw-la fidei_fw-la ac_fw-la nequiter_fw-la oblitus_fw-la svi_fw-la sacramenti_fw-la throno_fw-la regio_fw-la se_fw-la intrusit_fw-la yet_o add_v per_fw-la archiepiscopum_fw-la eboracae_fw-la aldredum_fw-la solenniter_fw-la coronatus_fw-la 367._o henry_n huntindon_n thus_o record_v it_o quidem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la edgar_n adeling_n promovere_fw-la volebant_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la haroldus_n vero_fw-la viribus_fw-la et_fw-la genere_fw-la fretus_fw-la regni_fw-la diadema_fw-la invasit_fw-la the_o 957._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n and_o 2339._o knyghton_n thus_o give_v we_o the_o story_n of_o it_o sancto_fw-it edwardo_n rege_fw-la et_fw-la confessore_fw-la mortuo_fw-la quidam_fw-la anglorum_fw-la magnates_fw-la edgarum_fw-la adel_v filium_fw-la edwardi_fw-la silij_fw-la regis_fw-la edmondi_n ironside_n in_o regem_fw-la promovere_fw-la moliebantur_fw-la sed_fw-la quia_fw-la pver_fw-la erat_fw-la et_fw-la tanto_fw-la oneri_fw-la minus_fw-la idoneus_fw-la et_fw-la in_o bursa_fw-la minus_fw-la refertus_fw-la haroldus_n come_v viribus_fw-la et_fw-la genere_fw-la fretus_fw-la cui_fw-la erat_fw-la mens_fw-la astutior_fw-la crumena_fw-la fâ—â—undior_fw-la et_fw-la mile_n copiosior_fw-la et_fw-la pompis_fw-la gloriosior_fw-la sinistro_fw-la omine_fw-la regnum_fw-la occupavit_fw-la et_fw-la contra_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la quod_fw-la willielmo_n duci_fw-la normanniae_fw-la praestiterat_fw-la regni_fw-la diadema_fw-la sinistro_fw-la omine_fw-la illico_fw-la invasit_fw-la et_fw-la sic_fw-la perjurus_fw-la sancto_fw-la edwardo_n successit_fw-la juxta_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la edwardus_fw-la ut_fw-la quidam_fw-la aiunt_fw-la ante_fw-la mortem_fw-la svam_fw-la statuerat_fw-la promissione_n quam_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la dum_fw-la juvenis_fw-la in_o normannia_n extitit_fw-la dicto_fw-la willielmo_n de_fw-la sâ—â—cedendo_fw-la post_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o
battle_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n be_v rout_v by_o they_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o rest_n enforce_v to_o fly_v into_o york_n for_o shelter_n which_o the_o enemy_n besiege_v be_v present_o surrender_v up_o to_o they_o and_o hostage_n deliver_v they_o after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o citizen_n nobles_n and_o clergyman_n upon_o this_o king_n harold_n recollect_v his_o disband_v army_n and_o navy_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n towards_o york_n against_o the_o dane_n norwegean_n and_o his_o brother_n tosti_n but_o come_v to_o hamford_n bridge_n one_o valiant_a dane_n with_o his_o battle_n axe_n slay_v 40_o of_o his_o man_n and_o make_v good_a the_o bridge_n against_o the_o whole_a army_n for_o a_o long_a space_n till_o at_o last_o some_o go_n under_o the_o bridge_n in_o a_o boat_n slay_v he_o with_o a_o spear_n both_o army_n join_v battle_n after_o a_o long_a and_o bloody_a fight_n harfager_n and_o tosti_n with_o may_v other_o of_o note_n be_v slay_v their_o whole_a army_n rout_v all_o their_o ship_n take_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o the_o brave_a english_a soldier_n and_o 20_o of_o their_o ship_n only_o permit_v to_o depart_v into_o denmark_n with_o their_o wound_a man_n and_o olaus_n harfagers_n son_n who_o to_o save_v his_o life_n take_v a_o oath_n never_o from_o thenceforth_o to_o attempt_v any_o hostility_n or_o invasion_n against_o the_o english_a confessoris_fw-la this_o victory_n abbot_n ailred_n a_o ascribe_v to_o the_o merit_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o promise_v to_o be_v the_o captain_n and_o protector_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n against_o those_o enemy_n who_o invade_v the_o realm_n contrary_a to_o right_n and_o law_n and_o promise_v they_o the_o victory_n over_o they_o but_o harold_n ascribe_v it_o to_o his_o own_o valour_n instead_o of_o reward_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o vanquish_a enemy_n as_o the_o price_n of_o their_o blood_n out_o of_o a_o base_a unworthy_a a_o varice_fw-la convert_v all_o the_o spoil_n and_o booty_n to_o his_o own_o private_a use_n give_v no_o part_n of_o they_o to_o any_o other_o wherewith_o many_o of_o the_o noble_n and_o common_a soldier_n be_v so_o incense_v that_o detest_a the_o covetousness_n of_o their_o prince_n they_o unanimous_o depart_v from_o his_o service_n and_o refuse_v to_o march_v with_o he_o against_o the_o norman_n this_o triumphant_a victory_n so_o puff_v up_o harold_n that_o he_o think_v himself_o secure_a in_o the_o throne_n beyond_o the_o fear_n or_o reach_v of_o any_o adversity_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o king_n become_v a_o tyrant_n whilst_o harold_n with_o all_o his_o land_n and_o sea_n force_n be_v thus_o busy_v in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n duke_n william_n in_o august_n assemble_v all_o his_o land_n army_n and_o navy_n consist_v of_o 900_o ship_n at_o the_o port_n of_o s._n valerie_n to_o invade_v england_n in_o the_o south_n then_o whole_o destitute_a of_o all_o guard_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n to_o resist_v his_o land_n and_o to_o satisfy_v his_o soldier_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o undertake_n haywood_n he_o allege_v these_o three_o cause_n thereof_o which_o henry_n the_o knyghton_n divide_v into_o four_o the_o first_o be_v to_o revenge_v the_o cruel_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n prince_n alfred_n king_n edmund_n brother_n and_o of_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v with_o he_o to_o assist_v he_o to_o recover_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o which_o he_o be_v right_a heir_n who_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n have_v shameful_o dishonour_v treacherous_o betray_v and_o barbarous_o murder_v which_o fact_n he_o ascribe_v principal_o to_o harold_n the_o second_o be_v because_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n by_o their_o cunning_n have_v injurious_o banish_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n earl_n odo_n and_o all_o the_o french_a and_o norman_n out_o of_o england_n which_o wrong_v he_o will_v revenge_v on_o harold_n as_o do_v principal_o by_o his_o mean_n and_o labour_n the_o three_o and_o chief_a ground_n be_v because_o harold_n fall_v headlong_o into_o perjury_n have_v without_o any_o right_n usurp_v the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o of_o due_n belong_v unto_o he_o both_o by_o right_n of_o kindred_n to_o and_o gift_n by_o king_n edward_n his_o nephew_n and_o by_o harold_n own_o solemn_a oath_n and_o promise_n make_v to_o he_o in_o normandy_n to_o preserve_v the_o kingdom_n for_o his_o use_n after_o king_n edward_n death_n without_o child_n according_a to_o king_n edward_n command_n while_o duke_n william_n with_o his_o ship_n and_o army_n lay_v many_o day_n together_o at_o s._n valerie_n expect_v a_o fair_a gale_n for_o england_n the_o wind_n be_v across_o 100_o many_o of_o the_o common_a soldier_n there_o lie_v in_o tent_n thus_o mutter_v one_o to_o another_o that_o the_o man_n be_v mad_a who_o will_v by_o force_n invade_v and_o make_v another_o man_n country_n and_o realm_n his_o own_o that_o god_n 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〈◊〉_d richard_n vestegan_n record_v out_o of_o a_o french_a historian_n that_o duke_n william_n the_o same_o day_n he_o land_v in_o england_n cause_v divers_a of_o his_o chief_a officer_n and_o friend_n to_o dine_v with_o he_o and_o chance_v at_o dinner_n to_o talk_v of_o a_o astrologer_n who_o by_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v assure_v he_o at_o st._n valerie_n that_o harold_n shall_v never_o withstand_v he_o but_o submit_v himself_o unto_o he_o and_o yield_v he_o faith_n and_o homage_n will_v now_o that_o the_o say_a astrologer_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o he_o who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v embark_v for_o that_o voyage_n but_o it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o the_o ship_n wherein_o the_o say_a astrologer_n sail_v be_v cast_v away_o at_o sea_n and_o he_o drown_v in_o it_o where_o unto_o the_o duke_n reply_v that_o man_n be_v not_o wise_a who_o have_v more_o regard_n to_o the_o good_a or_o â—ll_a fortune_n of_o another_o than_o unto_o his_o own_o i_o be_o now_o 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night_n he_o lodge_v in_o england_n in_o his_o pavilion_n there_o come_v a_o voice_n unto_o he_o say_v william_n william_n â—be_v thou_o a_o good_a man_n because_o thou_o shall_v obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n and_o when_o thou_o shall_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n cause_n a_o church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o my_o name_n so_o many_o hundred_o foot_n in_o length_n as_o in_o number_n of_o year_n the_o seed_n of_o thy_o blood_n shall_v possess_v the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o reign_v in_o england_n a_o 150._o year_n but_o q_o matthew_n westminster_n 440._o write_v this_o voice_n be_v after_o the_o battle_n with_o harold_n not_o before_o it_o and_o the_o subsequent_a word_n in_o knyghton_n touch_v his_o march_n to_o london_n import_v as_o much_o hayward_n harold_n reside_v in_o the_o north_n after_o his_o great_a victory_n there_o when_o he_o deem_v all_o his_o enemy_n total_o break_v in_o 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those_o small_a force_n tire_v he_o then_o have_v be_v most_o of_o they_o mercenary_n and_o stipendiaries_n except_o those_o english_a nobleman_n gentleman_n and_o freeman_n who_o inflame_v with_o the_o love_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o native_a country_n voluntary_o engage_v themselves_o with_o he_o in_o the_o defence_n thereof_o against_o the_o common_a dangerous_a invade_v enemy_n rather_o than_o to_o support_v his_o usurp_a diadem_n and_o royalty_n over_o they_o of_o which_o number_n there_o be_v very_o few_o 〈◊〉_d immo_n vero_fw-la paâ—â—i_fw-la et_fw-la manu_fw-la pomptissimi_fw-la fuere_fw-la qui_fw-la charitati_fw-la corporum_fw-la renunciante_n pro_fw-la patria_fw-la animas_fw-la posuerunt_fw-la nam_fw-la praeter_fw-la stipendiarios_fw-la et_fw-la mercinarios_fw-la milites_fw-la paucos_fw-la admodum_fw-la ex_fw-la comprovincialibus_fw-la habuit_fw-la praecipitabant_fw-la eum_fw-la nimium_fw-la fata_fw-la ut_fw-la nec_fw-la auxilia_fw-la convocari_fw-la vellet_fw-la nec_fw-la si_fw-la vellet_fw-la multos_fw-la parituros_fw-la invenerat_fw-la lta_fw-la omnes_fw-la ei_fw-la erant_fw-la infeâ—si_fw-la quod_fw-la solus_fw-la manubiis_fw-la borealibus_fw-la incubuerat_fw-la unde_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la quos_fw-la ductabat_fw-la astutia_fw-la gulieâ—mi_fw-la circumventus_fw-la fusus_fw-la est_fw-la levi_fw-la videlicet_fw-la belli_fw-la negotio_fw-la sed_fw-la occulto_fw-la et_fw-la stupendo_fw-la dei_fw-la consilio_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la posteà _fw-la angli_fw-la communi_fw-la praelio_fw-la in_o libertatem_fw-la spiraverint_fw-la quasi_fw-la cum_fw-la haraldo_n omne_fw-la robur_fw-la deciderit_fw-la angliae_fw-la quae_fw-la certe_fw-la potuit_fw-la et_fw-la debuit_fw-la etiam_fw-la per_fw-la inerâ—issimos_fw-la solvere_fw-la paenas_fw-la perfidiae_fw-la yet_o 28._o thomas_n of_o walsingham_n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o harold_n have_v gather_v together_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o englishman_n against_o duke_n william_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o nobility_n gentry_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n slay_v in_o the_o battle_n beside_o those_o who_o flee_v from_o it_o and_o can_v not_o come_v to_o fight_v manifest_a his_o army_n not_o to_o be_v so_o small_a as_o these_o author_n will_v make_v it_o 94._o only_o to_o augment_v the_o englishman_n valour_n and_o eclipse_v the_o norman_n as_o overcome_a they_o more_o by_o stratagem_n and_o multitude_n than_o true_a fortitude_n while_o harold_n be_v in_o his_o march_n towards_o william_n within_o 9_o mile_n of_o his_o fort_n in_o sussex_n he_o send_v out_o scout_n before_o he_o to_o discover_v the_o force_n and_o number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v intercept_v and_o bring_v to_o william_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v lead_v about_o his_o tent_n that_o they_o may_v well_o view_v his_o army_n and_o then_o be_v bountisul_o feast_v he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v send_v back_o to_o their_o master_n without_o any_o harm_n who_o return_v to_o harold_n commend_v the_o 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hold_v the_o kingdom_n from_o and_o reign_v under_o he_o or_o final_o to_o determine_v the_o controversy_n between_o they_o two_o by_o a_o single_a duel_n in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o their_o army_n but_o harold_n out_o of_o a_o strange_a imprudence_n impudence_n &_o pride_n of_o heart_n as_o one_o who_o the_o heaven_n will_v depress_v accept_v neither_o domestic_a counsel_n nor_o the_o norman_n offer_v will_v neither_o vouchsafe_v to_o look_v upon_o the_o messenger_n with_o a_o good_a countenance_n nor_o discourse_n with_o he_o in_o mild_a term_n but_o send_v he_o away_o with_o indignation_n pray_v only_o thus_o that_o god_n will_v judge_v between_o he_o and_o his_o master_n william_n to_o who_o the_o monk_n bold_o reply_v require_v that_o if_o he_o will_v deny_v the_o right_n of_o william_n he_o shall_v either_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a or_o else_o to_o battle_n if_o he_o have_v rather_o by_o which_o he_o assert_v that_o william_n be_v ready_a to_o try_v his_o title_n but_o harold_n answer_v nothing_o to_o those_o his_o proposal_n but_o what_o he_o have_v do_v before_o go_v within_o little_a of_o lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o the_o ambassador_n command_v william_n
absoleverunt_fw-la non_fw-la paucis_fw-la ante_fw-la adventum_fw-la normannorum_fw-la annis_fw-la clerici_fw-la literatura_fw-la tumultuaria_fw-la contenti_fw-la vix_fw-la sacramentorum_fw-la verba_fw-la balbutitbant_fw-la stupori_fw-la et_fw-la miraculo_fw-la erat_fw-la caeteris_fw-la qui_fw-la grammaticam_fw-la noscet_fw-la monachi_fw-la subtilibus_fw-la indument_n be_v et_fw-fr indifferenti_fw-la genere_fw-la ciborum_fw-la regulam_fw-la ludificabant_fw-la optimates_fw-la gulae_fw-la &_o venerii_fw-la dediti_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la more_fw-it christiano_fw-it mane_n non_fw-la adibant_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o cubiculo_fw-la et_fw-la inter_fw-la uxorios_fw-la amplexus_fw-la matutinorum_fw-la solemnia_fw-la et_fw-la missarum_fw-la a_o festinante_fw-la presbytero_fw-la auribus_fw-la tantum_fw-la libabant_fw-la vulgus_fw-la in_o medio_fw-la expositum_fw-la praeda_fw-la erat_fw-la potentioribus_fw-la ut_fw-la vel_fw-la eorum_fw-la substantiis_fw-la exhaust_v be_v vel_fw-la etiam_fw-la 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crown_n of_o england_n only_o by_o conquest_n it_o be_v most_o apparent_a by_o the_o premise_a historical_a authority_n 1._o that_o king_n william_n always_o claim_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n both_o before_o at_z and_o after_o his_o coronation_n as_o of_o right_o belong_v to_o he_o by_o the_o promise_n gift_n contract_n gift_n and_o bequest_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o as_o his_o heir_n and_o next_o kinsman_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n 2._o that_o he_o allege_v this_o gift_n and_o grant_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o he_o to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n earls_z godwin_n syward_n and_o other_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n ratify_v by_o special_a messenger_n send_v unto_o and_o hostage_n deliver_v he_o for_o its_o performance_n and_o by_o harold_n own_o solemn_a agreement_n and_o oath_n send_v to_o he_o by_o king_n edward_n for_o that_o purpose_n as_o himself_o at_o least_o suggest_v to_o he_o which_o designation_n and_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o william_n be_v no_o fiction_n but_o a_o truth_n confess_v by_o all_o our_o historian_n and_o harold_n himself_o who_o by_o his_o answer_n never_o deny_v but_o only_o endeavour_v to_o evade_v it_o and_o voluntary_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n both_o at_o his_o coronation_n and_o in_o parliament_n itself_o in_o the_o 4._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 3._o that_o after_o king_n edward_n decease_n divers_a of_o the_o noble_n will_v have_v elect_v william_n king_n in_o pursuance_n hereof_o but_o that_o harold_n perjurious_o usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o mere_a force_n and_o power_n without_o the_o least_o right_a unto_o it_o or_o any_o election_n by_o the_o lord_n or_o people_n set_v the_o crown_n on_o his_o own_o head_n the_o very_a day_n king_n edward_n be_v inter_v and_o thereby_o prevent_v william_n election_n to_o it_o 4._o that_o hereupon_o divers_a of_o the_o noble_n prelate_n and_o other_o english_a send_v private_a messenger_n to_o 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the_o foresay_a right_n title_n and_o thereupon_o prohibit_v his_o soldier_n to_o plunder_v the_o country_n or_o hurt_v any_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o be_v his_o by_o right_n 8._o that_o very_o few_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n or_o nation_n will_v march_v or_o engage_v with_o harold_n against_o william_n and_o sundry_a withdraw_v themselves_o from_o the_o battle_n as_o conscious_a of_o harold_n usurpation_n perjury_n and_o william_n just_a cause_n against_o he_o however_o other_o cause_n be_v then_o pretend_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n his_o own_o brother-in-law_n the_o great_a peer_n of_o the_o realm_n earl_n morcar_n and_o edwin_n desert_v he_o in_o the_o fight_n 9_o that_o after_o the_o first_o battle_n win_v and_o harold_n slay_v all_o
the_o prelate_n and_o clergy_n general_o except_o abbot_n frederick_n appear_v for_o he_o and_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o set_v up_o edgar_n though_o right_a heir_n 10._o that_o after_o good_a deliberation_n all_o the_o noble_n prelate_n londoner_n and_o other_o who_o first_o appear_v for_o edgar_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o clergy_n people_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n without_o the_o least_o fight_n or_o resistance_n or_o before_o any_o siege_n or_o summons_n from_o he_o together_z with_o prince_z edgar_z himself_z voluntary_o go_v out_o and_o submit_v themselves_o swear_v faith_n and_o allegiance_n to_o he_o as_o their_o sovereign_n at_o berkhamsted_n and_o after_o that_o joyful_o receive_v he_o with_o high_a acclamation_n as_o their_o lawful_a king_n at_o his_o entry_n into_o london_n 11._o that_o all_o the_o prelate_n clergy_n and_o nobility_n soon_o after_o without_o any_o coercion_n upon_o his_o foresay_a right_n and_o title_n free_o elect_v and_o solemn_o crown_v he_o as_o their_o lawful_a king_n in_o a_o due_a and_o accustom_a manner_n and_o then_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v new_a allegiance_n afresh_o unto_o he_o as_o their_o rightful_a sovereign_n 12._o that_o he_o take_v the_o ordinary_a coronation_n oath_n of_o all_o lawful_a king_n to_o mainitan_a and_o defend_v the_o right_n person_n of_o all_o his_o people_n to_o govern_v they_o just_o etc._n etc._n as_o become_v a_o good_a king_n which_o a_o king_n claim_v by_o mere_a conquest_n will_v never_o do_v all_o these_o particular_n be_v undeniable_a evidence_n that_o duke_n william_n never_o make_v the_o least_o pretence_n claim_n or_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n only_o as_o a_o absolute_a conqueror_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o mere_o by_o title_n as_o their_o true_a and_o lawful_a king_n by_o designation_n adoption_n and_o cognation_n second_v with_o the_o noble_n prelate_n clergy_n and_o people_n unanimous_a election_n and_o although_o it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o duke_n eject_v harold_n and_o get_v actual_a possession_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o kingdom_n from_o he_o by_o the_o sword_n as_o do_v aurelius_n ambrose_n and_o other_o before_o and_o king_n henry_n the_o 4._o edward_n the_o 4._o henry_n the_o 7._o with_o other_o since_o his_o reign_n yet_o that_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v make_v he_o a_o king_n by_o conquest_n only_o no_o more_o than_o these_o other_o prince_n see_v the_o end_n of_o this_o war_n be_v not_o against_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n the_o great_a part_n whereof_o secret_o abbet_v his_o interest_n but_o only_o against_o the_o unjust_a usurper_n and_o intruder_n king_n harold_n and_o his_o adherent_n not_o to_o create_v a_o title_n to_o the_o realm_n by_o his_o and_o their_o conquest_n but_o to_o remove_v a_o usurper_n who_o invade_v it_o without_o and_o against_o all_o right_a and_o to_o gain_v the_o actual_a possession_n thereof_o by_o arm_n from_o which_o he_o be_v unjust_o withhold_v by_o force_n against_o those_o pretend_a lawful_a title_n which_o he_o make_v so_o that_o he_o get_v not_o the_o right_n title_n but_o only_o the_o actual_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o his_o sword_n not_o as_o a_o universal_a conqueror_n of_o the_o realm_n without_o right_n or_o title_n but_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v immediate_a heir_n and_o lawful_a successor_n to_o the_o confessor_n who_o design_v he_o to_o succeed_v he_o for_o full_a confirmation_n whereof_o i_o shall_v here_o subjoin_v these_o ensue_a proof_n 1._o king_n william_n himself_o at_o his_o very_a coronation_n in_o 145._o london_n as_o mr_n cambden_n inform_v we_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n be_v by_o god_n providence_n appoint_v and_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o gift_n from_o his_o lord_n and_o cousin_n king_n edward_n the_o glorious_a grant_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o this_o most_o bounteous_a king_n edward_n have_v by_o adoption_n ordain_v he_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 2_o in_o his_o 483._o charter_n to_o the_o church_n of_o westminstor_n he_o resolve_v as_o much_o in_o direct_a term_n where_o he_o recite_v in_o ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la regnum_fw-la adeptus_fw-la sum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la dâ—victâ—_n haroldo_n rege_fw-la cumsuis_fw-la complicibus_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la providentia_fw-la dei_fw-la destinatum_fw-la &_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la domini_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la edwardi_fw-la concessum_fw-la conati_fw-la sunt_fw-la auferre_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o his_o title_n be_v from_o edward_n though_o his_o possession_n by_o the_o sword_n 3_o in_o the_o very_a 619._o title_n of_o his_o law_n publish_v in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o alter_v that_o he_o both_o by_o oath_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n ratify_v confirm_v all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o 601._o realm_n use_v in_o the_o confessor_n time_n and_o before_o present_v by_o a_o grand_a enquest_n unto_o he_o out_o of_o every_o county_n of_o england_n upon_o oath_n without_o any_o alteration_n prevarication_n or_o diminution_n he_o style_v himself_o or_o be_v style_v by_o the_o collector_n of_o these_o law_n heir_n and_o cousin_n to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n even_o in_o the_o ancient_a manuscript_n which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n have_v publish_v incipiunt_fw-la leges_fw-la s._n edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la quas_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it tenuit_fw-la &_o quas_fw-la willielmus_fw-la haeres_fw-la &_o cognatus_fw-la suus_fw-la postea_fw-la confirmavit_fw-la to_o which_o i_o shall_v likewise_o subjoin_v the_o word_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o his_o sonn_n 211._o king_n henry_n the_o 1_o anno_fw-la 1108._o translate_n the_o abbey_n of_o ely_n into_o a_o bishopric_n wherein_o he_o give_v his_o father_n william_n the_o selfsame_a title_n ego_fw-la henricus_fw-la providente_fw-la divina_fw-la clementia_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o normannorum_fw-la dux_n willielmi_n magni_fw-la regis_fw-la filius_fw-la qui_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la haereditario_fw-la jure_fw-la succescit_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la renounce_v all_o title_n by_o conquest_n and_o claim_v only_o as_o heir_n to_o king_n edward_n by_o hereditary_a right_n 4_o earl_n william_n himself_o in_o none_o of_o his_o charter_n writ_n speech_n write_n ever_o style_v himself_o a_o conqueror_n of_o england_n nor_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o conquest_n after_o his_o inauguration_n which_o title_n of_o conqueror_n be_v afterward_o out_o of_o the_o flattery_n or_o ignorance_n of_o the_o time_n give_v unto_o he_o by_o other_o therefore_o the_o word_n which_o the_o 449._o history_n of_o st._n stephens_n in_o caen_n in_o normandy_n report_v he_o use_v at_o his_o last_o breath_n the_o regal_a diadenâ—_n which_o none_o of_o my_o predecesser_n ever_o wear_v i_o get_v and_o gain_v by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n only_o i_o ordain_v no_o man_n heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o all_o our_o historian_n unanimous_o contradict_v affirm_v that_o he_o ordain_v william_n rufus_n his_o second_o son_n particular_o to_o succeed_v he_o in_o it_o at_o his_o death_n upon_o which_o title_n only_o he_o enjoy_v it_o but_o i_o commend_v the_o same_o to_o the_o eternal_a creator_n who_o i_o be_o in_o who_o hand_n be_v all_o thing_n for_o i_o become_v not_o possessor_n of_o so_o great_a honour_n by_o any_o hereditary_a right_n but_o by_o a_o humble_a conflict_n and_o with_o much_o effusion_n of_o blood_n i_o take_v it_o from_o the_o perjure_a king_n harold_n and_o after_o i_o have_v either_o slay_v or_o put_v to_o flight_v his_o favourit_n and_o servant_n i_o subdue_v the_o kingdom_n to_o myself_o must_v either_o be_v repute_v false_a and_o fabulous_a as_o most_o esteem_v they_o or_o else_o have_v this_o construction_n that_o he_o gain_v the_o actual_a possession_n of_o it_o against_o harold_n and_o his_o adherent_n only_o by_o the_o sword_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o a_o hereditary_a right_n thereto_o as_o next_o heir_n by_o descent_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o by_o adoption_n from_o and_o as_o heir_n by_o donation_n to_o king_n edward_n as_o next_o of_o kin_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n which_o he_o make_v his_o only_a title_n 5_o those_o ancient_a english_a historian_n who_o first_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o conqueror_n do_v it_o not_o in_o a_o strict_a proper_a sense_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o mere_a universal_a conqueror_n of_o the_o nation_n dispose_v of_o all_o man_n estate_n person_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n at_o his_o pleasure_n for_o that_o he_o never_o do_v but_o only_o as_o one_o who_o gain_v the_o actual_a possession_n thereof_o from_o a_o perjure_a usurper_n and_o his_o force_n by_o strength_n of_o arm_n conquer_a they_o by_o open_a battle_n in_o the_o field_n but_o still_o claim_v it_o by_o gift_n contract_n and_o designation_n from_o king_n edward_n as_o his_o kinsman_n as_o a_o heir_n who_o forcible_o out_v a_o disseisor_n and_o intruder_n come_v in_o by_o title_n and_o inheritance_n only_o
though_o he_o gain_v the_o possession_n by_o force_n this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o forecited_a word_n of_o 34._o matthew_n paris_n and_o this_o passage_n of_o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n not_o extant_a in_o hygden_n 2343._o out_o of_o who_o he_o seem_v to_o tanscribe_v it_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la quia_fw-la normannus_n jure_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la tenuit_fw-la normanniae_fw-la ducatum_fw-la ideo_fw-la dux_n regnum_fw-la vero_fw-la angliae_fw-la mero_fw-la conquestu_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o actual_a possession_n et_fw-la clameo_fw-la subscripto_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o title_n &_o by_o claim_n by_o gift_n from_o king_n edward_n ideo_fw-la rex_fw-la which_o claim_n and_o title_n be_v back_v by_o the_o unanimous_a election_n of_o the_o prelate_n clergy_n nobility_n people_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n himself_o who_o all_o submit_a and_o swear_v homage_n fealty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o he_o as_o their_o lawful_a king_n infallible_o demonstrate_v he_o to_o be_v no_o conqueror_n in_o respect_n of_o title_n in_o a_o strict_a legal_a military_a sense_n even_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o ancient_a and_o modern_a historian_n who_o give_v he_o that_o title_n but_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o harold_n and_o his_o party_n and_o the_o actual_a possession_n which_o he_o get_v by_o conquest_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n alone_o be_v that_o distich_n in_o the_o 962._o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n to_o be_v understand_v dux_n normannorum_fw-la willielmus_fw-la vi_fw-la validorum_fw-la rex_fw-la est_fw-la anglorum_fw-la bello_fw-la conquestor_fw-la eorum_fw-la 6_o our_o great_a antiquary_n richard_n vestegan_n in_o his_o restitution_n of_o decay_a antiquity_n learned_a mr._n john_n selden_n in_o his_o review_n of_o the_o hist_n of_o tithe_n p._n 482_o 483._o sir_n john_n hayward_n in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o mr._n nathaniel_n bacon_n in_o his_o first_o part_n of_o his_o historical_a discourse_n of_o the_o uniformity_n of_o the_o government_n of_o england_n chap._n 44_o 45_o 46_o 55_o 56._o to_o omit_v other_o most_o full_o prove_v and_o assert_v that_o the_o entry_n of_o william_n the_o first_o into_o the_o royal_a government_n of_o england_n neither_o be_v nor_o proper_o can_v be_v by_o conquest_n but_o by_o title_n and_o by_o the_o free_a election_n of_o the_o noble_n clergy_n and_o people_n that_o although_o the_o several_a title_n he_o pretend_a be_v perhaps_o if_o curious_o examine_v not_o sufficient_a to_o give_v he_o a_o true_a legal_a title_n and_o right_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n à _fw-la parte_fw-la ante_fw-la because_o not_o agree_v unto_o and_o confirm_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o noble_n kingdom_n and_o nation_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n but_o only_o by_o the_o king_n and_o some_o particular_a prelate_n and_o noble_n out_o of_o parliament_n as_o harold_n in_o his_o answer_n allege_v yet_o be_v ratify_v exparte_v post_n both_o by_o the_o subsequent_a consent_n agreement_n submission_n election_n oath_n homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o people_n noble_n clergy_n by_o their_o legal_a free_a crown_v of_o he_o at_o first_o by_z edgar_z atheling_n his_o own_o submission_n sealty_n and_o resignation_n of_o his_o royal_a right_n and_o title_n thereby_o unto_o he_o and_o ratify_v by_o succeed_a parliamentary_a council_n it_o become_v a_o indubitable_a right_n and_o title_n both_o in_o law_n and_o justice_n to_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n against_o all_o other_o who_o can_v lay_v no_o legall_a title_n thereunto_o he_o continue_v confirm_v all_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n liberty_n custom_n and_o government_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n without_o any_o alteration_n both_o by_o oath_n and_o edict_n i_o shall_v therefore_o conclude_v this_o point_n with_o the_o word_n of_o 483._o share_v a_o learned_a lawyer_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n who_o when_o the_o king_n counsel_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o abbot_n of_o peterborough_n will_v have_v make_v a_o charter_n of_o king_n edgar_n void_a because_o they_o allege_v all_o franchise_n be_v devolve_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o conquest_n reply_v thereto_o the_o conqueror_n come_v not_o at_o all_o to_o put_v any_o who_o have_v lawful_a possession_n out_o of_o their_o right_n but_o to_o dispossess_v those_o who_o by_o their_o wrong_n have_v seize_v upon_o any_o land_n in_o dis-inherison_a of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n and_o with_o the_o word_n of_o our_o judicious_a historian_n sa._n daniel_n 37._o concern_v this_o king_n william_n neither_o do_v he_o ever_o claim_v any_o power_n by_o conquest_n but_o as_o a_o regular_a prince_n submit_v himself_o to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n desire_v to_o have_v his_o testamentary_a title_n howsoever_o weak_a to_o make_v good_a his_o succession_n rather_o than_o his_o sword_n and_o though_o the_o stile_n of_o conqueror_n by_o the_o slattery_n of_o the_o time_n be_v after_o give_v he_o he_o show_v by_o all_o the_o course_n of_o his_o government_n he_o assume_v it_o not_o introduce_v none_o of_o those_o alâ—erations_n which_o follow_v by_o violence_n but_o by_o a_o mild_a gather_n upon_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o state_n and_o the_o occasion_n offer_v and_o that_o by_o way_n of_o reformation_n and_o although_o 153._o sir_n hen._n wotton_n give_v this_o verdict_n of_o they_o we_o do_v common_o and_o just_o style_v he_o the_o conqueror_n for_o he_o make_v a_o general_a conquest_n of_o 〈…〉_z kingdom_n and_o people_n either_o by_o composition_n or_o arm_n etc._n etc._n yet_o he_o add_v he_o be_v crown_v on_o christmas_n day_n 1066._o at_o which_o time_n he_o will_v fain_o have_v compound_v a_o civil_a title_n of_o i_o know_v not_o what_o alliance_n or_o adoption_n or_o rather_o donation_n from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o if_o hereditary_a kingdom_n do_v pass_v like_o new-year_n gift_n the_o truth_n be_v he_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o sword_n yet_o from_o these_o pretence_n howsoever_o there_o spring_v this_o good_a that_o he_o be_v thereby_o in_o a_o sort_v age_v to_o cast_v his_o government_n into_o a_o middle_n or_o mix_a nature_n as_o it_o be_v between_o a_o lawful_a successor_n and_o a_o invader_n though_o general_o as_o all_o new_a empire_n do_v savour_n much_o of_o their_o beginning_n it_o have_v more_o of_o the_o violent_a than_o of_o the_o legal_a if_o any_o domineer_a soldier_n or_o other_o upon_o this_o false_a surmise_n of_o duke_n william_n right_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o mere_a conquest_n shall_v henceforth_o presume_v to_o claim_v and_o exercise_v a_o mere_a arbitrary_a absolute_a tyrannical_a and_o despotical_a power_n over_o our_o english_a nation_n law_n liberty_n parliament_n estate_n person_n as_o over_o a_o mere_a conquer_a nation_n against_o all_o commission_n trust_n oath_n engagement_n declaration_n and_o the_o rule_n both_o of_o law_n and_o war_n itself_o be_v raise_v wage_v commission_v only_o to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v we_o from_o conquest_n by_o the_o opposite_a party_n let_v they_o know_v that_o they_o be_v far_o great_a worse_a enemy_n to_o their_o own_o native_a country_n than_o this_o norman_a duke_n or_o any_o of_o our_o former_a british_a saxon_a danish_a norman_a or_o english_a king_n who_o never_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o mere_a conquest_n in_o any_o age_n but_o only_o by_o some_o real_a or_o pretend_a title_n of_o inheritance_n or_o at_o least_o by_o a_o free_a and_o general_a election_n both_o of_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n as_o this_o king_n william_n do_v from_o the_o former_a historical_a passage_n concern_v harold_n tosti_n duke_n william_n and_o the_o kentishman_n i_o shall_v deduce_v these_o legal_a observation_n 1._o that_o no_o tax_n subsidy_n or_o imposition_n whatsoever_o can_v in_o that_o age_n be_v impose_v on_o the_o english_a or_o norman_a 1._o subject_n by_o their_o king_n or_o duke_n but_o by_o their_o common_a consent_n in_o their_o parliamentary_a council_n where_o they_o be_v deny_v when_o inconvenient_a to_o the_o public_a as_o well_o as_o grant_v when_o convenient_a 3._o 2._o that_o no_o english_a or_o norman_a subject_n be_v then_o oblige_v to_o aid_n and_o assist_v their_o sovereign_n with_o their_o person_n arm_n estate_n or_o subsidy_n grant_v in_o any_o foreign_a invasive_a war_n but_o only_o leave_v free_a to_o contribute_v what_o private_a assistance_n they_o think_v fit_a in_o such_o case_n 3._o that_o no_o public_a war_n in_o that_o age_n be_v ever_o undertake_v 9_o but_o by_o common_a advice_n and_o consent_n in_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n 4._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o that_o age_n however_o 4_o they_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o right_a or_o wrong_n hold_v it_o both_o their_o bind_a duty_n interest_n safety_n to_o defend_v and_o preserve_v the_o law_n right_n liberty_n of_o the_o church_n and_o people_n to_o enact_v and_o maintain_v good_a law_n and_o abolish_v all_o evil_a law_n rapine_n exaction_n tribute_n
and_o to_o govern_v they_o just_o according_a to_o their_o coronation_n oath_n and_o not_o arbitrary_o or_o tyrannical_o according_a to_o their_o pleasure_n 5._o that_o no_o freeman_n in_o that_o age_n can_v be_v just_o imprison_v 〈◊〉_d banish_a or_o put_v to_o death_n but_o for_o some_o heinous_a misdemeanour_n and_o that_o by_o a_o legal_a trial_n and_o conviction_n 6._o that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n then_o hold_v it_o their_o 8_o bind_a duty_n in_o time_n of_o foreign_a invasion_n to_o defend_v the_o realm_n their_o life_n liberty_n property_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n yet_o they_o hold_v themselves_o dis-obliged_n and_o be_v general_o averse_a to_o defend_v the_o person_n or_o title_n of_o any_o usurper_n of_o the_o crown_n against_o any_o foreign_a prince_n or_o other_o person_n who_o have_v a_o better_a right_n and_o title_n to_o it_o 7._o that_o our_o english_a ancestor_n in_o that_o age_n esteem_v their_o hereditary_a liberty_n good_a ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n more_o dear_a and_o precious_a to_o they_o than_o their_o very_a life_n and_o will_v rather_o die_v fight_v for_o their_o law_n and_o liberty_n like_o freeman_n than_o live_v under_o slavery_n or_o bondage_n to_o any_o sovereign_n whatsoever_o 8._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o that_o age_n can_v neither_o 10._o give_v away_o nor_o legal_o dispose_v of_o their_o crown_n kingdom_n or_o crown_n land_n to_o other_o without_o the_o privity_n and_o free_a consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o kingdom_n in_o general_a parliamentary_a council_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o harold_n answer_n to_o william_n ambassador_n the_o recite_v passage_n of_o 340._o matthew_n paris_n upon_o that_o occasion_n and_o this_o of_o samuel_n daniel_n p._n 34._o so_o much_o be_v do_v either_o by_o king_n edward_n or_o harold_n though_o neither_o act_n if_o any_o such_o be_v be_v of_o power_n to_o prejudice_v the_o state_n or_o alter_v the_o course_n of_o right_a succession_n as_o give_v the_o duke_n a_o colour_n to_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o a_o donation_n make_v by_o testament_n which_o be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n can_v be_v of_o no_o validity_n at_o all_o for_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v hold_v not_o as_o patrimonial_a but_o in_o succession_n by_o remotion_n which_o be_v a_o succeed_a to_o another_o place_n it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o king_n edward_n to_o collate_v the_o same_o by_o any_o dispositive_a and_o testamentary_a will_n the_o right_a descend_v to_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n only_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o successor_n be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o make_v he_o so_o and_o 16._o can_v be_v put_v from_o it_o by_o any_o act_n of_o his_o predecessor_n 9_o that_o the_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o people_n free-election_n have_v be_v usual_o most_o endeavour_v and_o seek_v after_o by_o our_o king_n especial_o life_n intruder_n as_o their_o best_a and_o sure_a title_n to_o these_o legal_a i_o shall_v only_o subjoin_v some_o political_a and_o theological_a observation_n natural_o slow_v from_o the_o premise_a history_n of_o king_n edward_n harold_n and_o william_n not_o unsuitable_a to_o nor_o unseasonable_a for_o the_o most_o serious_a thought_n and_o sad_a contemplation_n of_o the_o present_a age_n consider_v the_o revolution_n and_o posture_n of_o our_o public_a affair_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v very_o unsafe_a and_o perilous_a for_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o intrust_v the_o military_a and_o civil_a power_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o one_o potent_a ambitious_a or_o covetous_a person_n who_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o abuse_v they_o to_o the_o people_n oppression_n the_o kingdom_n perturbation_n and_o his_o sovereign_n affront_n or_o danger_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o earl_n godwin_n and_o his_o son_n 2._o that_o devout_a pious_a soft-natured_a prince_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v abuse_v and_o their_o people_n to_o be_v oppress_v by_o evil_a officer_n 3._o that_o it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o pernicious_a to_o heditary_a kingdom_n for_o their_o king_n to_o die_v without_o any_o certain_a know_v and_o declare_v right_a heir_n or_o successor_n to_o their_o crown_n yea_o a_o occasion_n of_o many_o war_n and_o revolution_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o king_n edward_n death_n without_o issue_n or_o declare_v right_a heir_n 4._o that_o right_a heir_n to_o crown_n who_o be_v of_o tender_a year_n weak_a judgement_n or_o impotent_a in_o friar_n be_v and_o purse_n be_v easy_o and_o frequent_o put_v by_o their_o right_n by_o bold_a active_a and_o powerful_a intruder_n as_o edgar_n atheling_n be_v both_o by_o haroid_fw-fr and_o william_n successive_o yet_o this_o be_v remarkable_a in_o both_o these_o invader_n of_o his_o royal_a right_n 1._o that_o 349._o harold_n who_o first_o dethrone_v he_o to_o make_v he_o some_o kind_n of_o recompense_n and_o please_v the_o noble_n of_o his_o party_n create_v edgar_n earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o hold_v he_o in_o special_a favour_n 2_o that_o king_n william_n the_o first_o to_o who_o 369._o he_o submit_v himself_o and_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n use_v he_o very_o honourable_o and_o entertain_v he_o in_o his_o court_n not_o only_o at_o first_o buâ—_n even_o after_o he_o have_v twice_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o 2350._o join_v first_o with_o the_o english_a nobility_n then_o with_o the_o dane_n and_o scot_n against_o his_o interest_n for_o edgar_n come_v to_o he_o into_o normandy_n anno_fw-la 1066._o out_n of_o scotland_n where_o he_o live_v some_o year_n where_o nihil_fw-la ad_fw-la praesens_fw-la commodi_fw-la nihil_fw-la ad_fw-la futurum_fw-la spei_fw-la praeter_fw-la quotidianam_fw-la stipem_fw-la nactus_fw-la esset_fw-la he_o not_o only_o pardon_v his_o forepast_a offence_n but_o magno_fw-la donativo_fw-la donatus_fw-la est_fw-la pluribusque_fw-la annis_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la manens_fw-la libram_fw-la argenti_n quotidie_fw-la in_o stipendio_fw-la accipiebat_fw-la write_v 103._o malmesb._n receive_v a_o great_a donative_n from_o he_o and_o a_o pound_n of_o silver_n for_o a_o stipend_n every_o day_n and_o continue_v many_o year_n in_o his_o court._n after_o which_o anno_fw-la 1089._o he_o go_v into_o 976._o apulia_n to_o the_o holy_a war_n by_o king_n william_n licence_n with_o 200_o soldier_n and_o many_o ship_n whence_o return_v after_o the_o death_n of_o robert_n son_n of_o godwin_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o best_a soldier_n he_o receive_v many_o benefit_n from_o the_o emperor_n both_o of_o greece_n and_o germany_n who_o endeavour_v to_o retain_v he_o in_o their_o court_n for_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o birth_n but_o he_o contemn_v all_o their_o proffer_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o enjoy_v his_o native_a country_n return_v into_o england_n and_o there_o live_v all_o king_n william_n reign_n 217._o in_o the_o year_n 1091._o wil._n rufus_n go_v into_o normandy_n to_o take_v it_o by_o force_n from_o his_o brother_n robert_n deprive_v edgar_n of_o the_o honour_n which_o his_o brother_n with_o who_o he_o side_v have_v confer_v upon_o he_o and_o banish_v he_o out_o of_o normandy_n whereupon_o he_o go_v into_o scotland_n where_o by_o his_o mean_n a_o peace_n be_v make_v between_o william_n rufus_n and_o malcholm_n king_n of_o scot_n he_o be_v again_o reconcile_v to_o edgar_n by_o earl_n robert_n mean_n &_o return_v into_o england_n be_v in_o so_o great_a favour_n with_o the_o king_n that_o in_o the_o 466._o year_n 1097._o he_o send_v he_o into_o scotland_n with_o a_o army_n ut_fw-mi in_o ea_fw-la consobrinum_fw-la suum_fw-la eadgarum_fw-la malcholmi_n regis_fw-la filium_fw-la patruo_fw-la svo_fw-la dufenoldo_n qui_fw-la regnum_fw-la invaser_n at_o expulso_fw-la regem_fw-la constitueret_fw-la whence_o return_v into_o england_n he_o live_v there_o till_o after_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o betake_v himself_o in_o his_o old_a age_n 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sedulitate_fw-la regiâ_fw-la in_o filium_fw-la allevans_fw-la write_v malmesbury_n this_o be_v do_v the_o king_n with_o great_a joy_n bring_v alfrida_n to_o london_n there_o espouse_v she_o and_o the_o same_o day_n both_o of_o they_o wear_v a_o golden_a crown_n adorn_v with_o precious_a pearl_n on_o their_o head_n hereupon_o archbishop_n dunstan_n the_o next_o morning_n bold_o rush_v into_o the_o king_n bedchamber_n while_o they_o be_v both_o in_o bed_n together_o demand_v of_o the_o king_n what_o woman_n he_o have_v lie_v in_o bed_n with_o he_o who_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v his_o queen_n dunstan_n by_o way_n of_o rebuke_n reply_v that_o he_o can_v not_o marry_v or_o retain_v she_o as_o his_o wife_n without_o offend_v god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o church_n because_o he_o have_v be_v godfather_n to_o her_o son_n often_o admonish_v the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v put_v she_o away_o and_o be_v divorce_v from_o she_o which_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o ardent_a love_n towards_o she_o and_o unsatiable_a lust_n with_o she_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n hearken_v to_o anno_fw-la 964._o king_n edgar_z heat_n of_o a_o nun_n of_o incomparable_a 964._o beauty_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o wilton_n name_v wilfrida_n 482._o a_o duke_n daughter_n take_v she_o out_o of_o the_o nunnery_n and_o frequent_o admit_v she_o to_o his_o bed_n which_o be_v common_o blaze_v abroad_o arch_a bishop_n dunstan_n understand_v of_o it_o with_o great_a passion_n and_o indignation_n of_o mind_n come_v to_o the_o king_n who_o see_v the_o archbishop_n arise_v from_o the_o royal_a throne_n to_o take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n and_o give_v he_o place_n but_o dunstan_n refuse_v to_o take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n and_o with_o a_o stern_a countenance_n bend_v his_o brow_n speak_v thus_o unto_o he_o thou_o that_o have_v not_o fear_v to_o corrupt_v a_o virgin_n espouse_v to_o christ_n presume_v thou_o to_o touch_v the_o consecrate_a hand_n of_o a_o bishop_n thou_o have_v defile_v the_o spouse_n of_o thy_o maker_n and_o think_v thou_o by_o flatter_a service_n to_o pacify_v the_o friend_n of_o the_o bridegroom_n no_o sir_n his_o friend_n will_v not_o i_o be_v who_o have_v christ_n for_o his_o enemy_n etc._n etc._n the_o king_n terrify_v with_o these_o and_o other_o thunder_a word_n of_o dunstan_n and_o compunct_v with_o inward_a repentance_n for_o his_o perpetrate_v sin_n fall_v down_o at_o dunstan_n foot_n weep_v who_o raise_v he_o up_o again_o from_o the_o ground_n begin_v to_o relate_v unto_o he_o the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o find_v the_o king_n ready_a to_o undergo_v what_o ever_o satisfaction_n he_o shall_v lay_v upon_o he_o enjoin_v he_o this_o follow_a penance_n for_o 7_o year_n space_n that_o during_o these_o seven_o year_n he_o shall_v wear_v no_o crown_n that_o he_o shall_v fast_o twice_o every_o week_n that_o he_o shall_v liberal_o distribute_v the_o treasure_n leave_v he_o by_o his_o ancestor_n to_o the_o poor_a that_o he_o shall_v build_v a_o monastery_n of_o nun_n at_o shastesbury_n that_o as_o he_o have_v rob_v god_n of_o one_o virgin_n through_o his_o transgression_n so_o shall_v he_o again_o restore_v many_o to_o he_o in_o time_n to_o come_v moreover_o that_o he_o shall_v expel_v clerk_n of_o evil_a life_n mean_v secular_a priest_n who_o have_v wife_n and_o child_n out_o of_o church_n and_o place_n covent_n of_o monk_n in_o their_o room_n that_o he_o shoulo_fw-la enact_v just_a law_n &_o such_o as_o be_v acceptable_a to_o god_n and_o command_v the_o people_n to_o observe_v they_o through_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o the_o king_n promise_v effectual_o to_o perform_v be_v there_o upon_o absolve_v and_o vigorous_o set_v himself_o to_o execute_v what_o he_o have_v promise_v 966._o hereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 966._o anglic._n king_n edgar_z found_v the_o monastery_n of_o hyde_n near_o winchester_n fill_v it_o with_o monk_n endow_v they_o with_o large_a privilege_n and_o possession_n exempt_n they_o from_o all_o secular_a service_n whatsoever_o but_o these_o rata_fw-la expeditione_n pontis_fw-la arcisve_fw-la constructione_n praescribe_v several_a law_n and_o canon_n for_o the_o monk_n thereof_o to_o observe_v make_v by_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n and_o ratify_v by_o his_o royal_a charter_n subscribe_v by_o himself_o his_o two_o son_n prince_n edmund_n and_o edward_n his_o queen_n grandmother_n both_o the_o archbishop_n 9_o bishop_n 5_o abbot_n 3_o duke_n 10._o and_o sundry_a other_o with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n annex_v to_o their_o name_n in_o which_o charter_n there_o be_v this_o solemn_a curse_n donounce_v against_o all_o the_o infringer_n and_o perverter_n thereof_o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la autem_fw-la hanc_fw-la nostram_fw-la donationem_fw-la in_o aliud_fw-la quam_fw-la constituimus_fw-la transfer_v voluerit_fw-la privatus_fw-la consorâ—io_fw-la sanctae_fw-la dei_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la aeternis_fw-la barathri_fw-la incendiis_fw-la lugubris_fw-la jugiter_fw-la cum_fw-la juda_n christi_fw-la proditore_fw-la ejusque_fw-la complicibus_fw-la puniatur_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la satisfactione_n emendaverit_fw-la congrua_fw-la
son_n ethelred_n to_o the_o throne_n which_o when_o she_o have_v a_o long_a time_n meditate_a upon_o she_o open_v the_o secret_n of_o her_o heart_n to_o some_o of_o her_o chief_a counselor_n advise_v with_o they_o concern_v it_o and_o earnest_o entreat_v yea_o conjure_a they_o to_o assent_v to_o she_o therein_o and_o to_o find_v out_o some_o mean_n to_o effect_v it_o cui_fw-la protenus_fw-la in_o necem_fw-la illius_fw-la omnes_fw-la conseuserunt_fw-la who_o all_o forthwith_o consent_v to_o his_o murder_n and_o contrive_v how_o they_o may_v most_o speedy_o accomplish_v it_o by_o some_o fraudulent_a device_n which_o they_o soon_o after_o execute_v in_o this_o manner_n king_n edward_n hunt_v for_o his_o disport_n in_o the_o forest_n near_o warham_n hear_v that_o his_o brother_n ethelred_n who_o he_o entire_o love_v be_v near_o that_o place_n reside_v then_o with_o his_o morher_n at_o corph-castle_n some_o stile_n it_o cornesgate_n ride_v thither_o to_o visit_v he_o with_o very_a few_o attendant_n who_o either_o casual_o or_o of_o see_v purpose_n linger_a behind_o he_o sport_v in_o the_o way_n he_o come_v alone_o to_o the_o castle_n gate_n queen_n elfrida_n who_o have_v a_o long_a time_n wait_v for_o such_o a_o opportunity_n be_v inform_v thereof_o go_v present_o to_o meet_v he_o with_o her_o bloody_a assassinate_n s_o and_o welcome_v he_o with_o flatter_a speech_n and_o a_o pleasant_a countenance_n importune_v he_o to_o lodge_v there_o that_o night_n which_o oâ—â—er_v he_o with_o thanks_o refuse_v say_v he_o desire_v only_o to_o see_v and_o speak_v with_o his_o brother_n but_o will_v not_o alight_v from_o his_o horse_n whereupon_o she_o command_v a_o cup_n of_o wine_n to_o be_v speedy_o bring_v he_o to_o drink_v appoint_v one_o of_o her_o bold_a soldier_n to_o kill_v he_o while_o he_o be_v drink_v who_o kiss_v the_o king_n like_o another_o judas_n under_o a_o pretext_n of_o love_n to_o take_v away_o all_o suspicion_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o cup_n be_v at_o his_o mouth_n stab_v he_o present_o into_o the_o bowel_n with_o a_o knife_n king_n edward_n feel_v himself_o wound_v set_a spur_n to_o his_o horse_n think_v to_o escape_v to_o his_o own_o faithful_a follower_n but_o the_o wound_n be_v mortal_a he_o fall_v from_o his_o horse_n dead_a and_o one_o of_o his_o foot_n hang_v in_o the_o stirrup_n he_o be_v drag_v up_o and_o down_o through_o the_o mire_n and_o field_n and_o at_o last_o leave_v there_o dead_a near_o cerf_n gate_n whâ—ch_o his_o wicked_a stepmother_n hear_v of_o command_v she_o most_o wicked_a servant_n to_o drag_v he_o by_o the_o heel_n like_o a_o beast_n and_o throw_v he_o into_o a_o little_a cottage_n hard_o by_o that_o the_o fact_n may_v not_o be_v discover_v after_o which_o she_o command_v his_o corpse_n to_o be_v privy_o take_v from_o thence_o lest_o this_o her_o most_o execrable_a work_n of_o darkness_n shall_v be_v discover_v and_o bury_v in_o a_o obscure_a bushy_a morish_a place_n where_o it_o shall_v no_o more_o be_v find_v by_o any_o most_o of_o our_o historian_n write_v that_o he_o be_v obscure_o bury_v at_o wearham_n without_o any_o royal_a state_n ac_fw-la si_fw-la cum_fw-la corpore_fw-la paritèr_fw-la &_o memoriam_fw-la sepellissent_fw-la invidentes_fw-la ei_fw-la sespidâ—m_fw-la cui_fw-la vivo_fw-la inviderunt_fw-la decus_fw-la regium_fw-la so_o malmsbury_n or_o as_o matthew_n westminster_n descant_v on_o it_o invidebant_fw-la enim_fw-la mortuo_fw-la ecclesiasticam_fw-la concedere_fw-la sepulturam_fw-la cni_fw-la videnti_fw-la decus_fw-la regium_fw-la auferebant_fw-la and_o not_o content_v herewith_o they_o make_v 〈…〉_z than_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o cruel_a that_o no_o man_n shall_v lament_v or_o speak_v of_o his_o death_n think_v thereby_o utter_o to_o delete_v his_o memory_n but_o contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n god_n by_o a_o supernatural_a light_n from_o heaven_n shine_v on_o the_o place_n and_o sundry_a miracle_n there_o wrought_v if_o our_o monkish_a historian_n may_v be_v credit_v frustrate_v this_o design_n for_o though_o the_o queen_n and_o her_o complice_n out_o of_o their_o transcendent_a malice_n which_o o_o that_o some_o of_o late_a time_n have_v not_o overmuch_o imitate_v inimicitias_fw-la quas_fw-la viventi_fw-la ingesserunt_fw-la in_o mortuum_fw-la protelantes_fw-la sepelierunt_fw-la cum_fw-la sine_fw-la regio_fw-la honore_fw-la apud_fw-la warham_n ut_fw-la sicut_fw-la vitam_fw-la ejus_fw-la extinxerant_fw-la ita_fw-la et_fw-la nomen_fw-la ejus_fw-la extinguerent_fw-la hic_fw-la vero_fw-la compertum_fw-la 8._o est_fw-la contra_fw-la divinam_fw-la providentiam_fw-la non_fw-la sufficere_fw-la praâ—um_fw-la cor_fw-la hominis_fw-la et_fw-la inscrutabile_fw-la quem_fw-la enim_fw-la perfidi_fw-la terris_fw-la abjicerant_fw-la deus_fw-la coelo_fw-la gloriosè_fw-la suscepit_fw-la et_fw-la memoriae_fw-la aeternae_fw-la insignivit_fw-la eum_fw-la dominus_fw-la cujus_fw-la mentionem_fw-la proditores_fw-la obnubulare_fw-la studuerant_fw-la but_o mark_v the_o sad_a sequel_n of_o this_o prodigious_a regicide_n proditione_n gentis_fw-la suae_fw-la perfidae_fw-la thus_o register_v by_o 357._o henry_n huntindon_n a_o impartial_a historian_n ind_n dominus_fw-la iterum_fw-la ad_fw-la iram_fw-la provocatus_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-la plus_fw-la solito_fw-la irritatus_fw-la genti_fw-la pessimae_fw-la malum_fw-la inextricabile_fw-la confer_v cogitavit_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la facere_fw-la paraverat_fw-la non_fw-la distulit_fw-la veneruntque_fw-la dani_n et_fw-la operuerunt_fw-la angliam_fw-la quasinubes_fw-la coeli_fw-la to_o which_o 61._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n subjoin_v creditumque_fw-la et_fw-la celebritèr_fw-la vulgatum_fw-la quod_fw-la propter_fw-la elfridae_fw-la in_o edwardum_fw-la insolentiam_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la tempore_fw-la tota_fw-la patria_fw-la servitutem_fw-la infremuisset_fw-la barbaricam_fw-la take_v the_o sum_n of_o his_o reign_n murder_n saintship_n in_o these_o word_n of_o *_o abbot_n ethelred_n translato_fw-la ad_fw-la coelestia_fw-la regna_fw-la regeâ—adgaro_n â—adgaro_z in_fw-la regno_fw-la terreno_fw-la filius_fw-la ejus_fw-la 362._o edwardus_fw-la successit_fw-la qui_fw-la injust_a ab_fw-la impiis_fw-la interfectus_fw-la tum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d sanctitatem_fw-la tum_fw-la ob_fw-la mortis_fw-la aâ—â—â—bitatem_fw-la sancti_fw-la nomen_fw-la et_fw-la meritum_fw-la deo_fw-la donante_fw-la promâ—ruit_fw-la be_v afterward_o translate_v to_o shaftsbury_n and_o there_o honourable_o enshrine_v king_n edward_n be_v thus_o treacherous_o murder_v on_o 979._o the_o 17_o day_n of_o april_n anno_fw-la 978._o when_o he_o have_v reign_v only_o 3._o year_n and_o 8._o month_n by_o hereditary_a succession_n thereupon_o on_o the_o 8._o of_o may_v 979._o his_o half-brother_n 46â—_n ethelred_n be_v crown_v king_n at_o kingston_n by_o both_o the_o archbishop_n dunstan_n and_o oswald_n and_o ten_o bishop_n more_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o noble_n much_o against_o dunstan_n will_n and_o although_o ethelred_n so_o much_o lament_v his_o brother_n murder_n be_v then_o but_o a_o child_n of_o ten_o year_n old_a not_o active_a to_o promote_v this_o treacherous_a plot_n and_o so_o detest_a it_o that_o his_o mother_n elfrida_n in_o a_o rage_n whip_v he_o for_o it_o with_o candle_n for_o want_n of_o a_o rod_n which_o make_v he_o abhor_v candle_n all_o his_o life_n yet_o dunstan_n full_a of_o a_o prophetical_a spirit_n at_o the_o very_a time_n of_o his_o coronation_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n shall_v suffer_v grievous_a tribulation_n all_o his_o reign_n use_v these_o word_n then_o unto_o he_o because_o thou_o have_v aspire_v to_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o death_n of_o thy_o brother_n who_o thy_o mother_n murder_v therefore_o hear_v the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n thus_o say_v the_o lord_n the_o sword_n and_o blood_n shall_v not_o depart_v from_o thy_o house_n nor_o from_o the_o nation_n but_o shall_v rage_v against_o thou_o all_o the_o day_n of_o thy_o life_n slay_v thy_o séed_n vutil_o thy_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v translate_v to_o another_o realm_n and_o nation_n who_o custom_n and_o language_n that_o nation_n over_o which_o thou_o reign_v know_v not_o cue_n eoâ—_n in_o ultimâ—m_fw-la redâ—gat_fw-la seruâ—tutem_fw-la who_o shalâ—_n reduce_v they_o into_o the_o extreme_a bondage_n for_o conspire_v with_o thy_o ignominious_a mother_n against_o the_o blood_n of_o thy_o brother_n neither_o shaâ—_n thy_o fin_n nor_o the_o sin_n of_o thy_o mother_n nor_o the_o sin_n of_o those_o who_o be_v privy_a to_o her_o wicked_a counsel_n that_o they_o may_v stretch_v â—ut_v a_o hand_n against_o the_o lord_n anoint_v to_o slay_v he_o be_v expiate_v but_o by_o a_o long_a revenge_n 8._o and_o much_o effusion_n of_o blood_n which_o according_o come_v to_o pass_n and_o let_v all_o other_o who_o it_o concern_v most_o near_o with_o our_o whole_a english_a nation_n now_o serious_o remind_v it_o this_o prophecy_n be_v present_o after_o second_v with_o a_o prodigious_a cloud_n spread_v and_o see_v over_o all_o england_n sundry_a night_n which_o appear_v sometime_o bloody_a other_o time_n fiery_a and_o then_o change_v itself_o into_o divers_a sort_n of_o flashing_n and_o colour_n vanish_v about_o the_o morning_n the_o very_a next_o year_n follow_v the_o barbarous_a dane_n invade_v england_n burn_v sonthampton_n kill_v and_o carry_v away_o
daniel_n sandwich_n consume_v all_o thing_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n take_v great_a booty_n sometime_o in_o sussex_n sometime_o in_o kent_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o mercia_n and_o the_o west-part_n of_o england_n resolve_v valiant_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o dane_n who_o decline_v any_o open_a fight_n and_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n land_v sometime_o in_o one_o place_n sometime_o in_o another_o and_o so_o pillage_n the_o country_n return_v with_o the_o booty_n to_o the_o ship_n before_o the_o english_a army_n can_v encounter_v they_o which_o they_o vex_v all_o the_o autumn_n in_o march_v after_o they_o from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o no_o purpose_n the_o english_a army_n return_v home_n when_o winter_n begin_v to_o approach_v the_o dane_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a booty_n sail_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n where_o they_o continue_v till_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n nativity_n which_o feast_n they_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o than_o they_o march_v into_o hampshire_n and_o berkeshire_n pillage_v and_o burn_v down_o read_v wallingford_n colesey_n essington_n and_o very_o many_o village_n quocunque_fw-la enim_fw-la per_fw-la agebant_fw-la quae_fw-la parata_fw-la erant_fw-la hilariter_fw-la comedentes_fw-la cum_fw-la discederent_fw-la in_o retributionem_fw-la procurationis_fw-la reddebant_fw-la hospiti_fw-la caedem_fw-la hospitio_fw-la flammam_fw-la as_o huntindon_n bromton_n and_o other_o story_n as_o they_o be_v return_v another_o way_n to_o their_o ship_n with_o their_o booty_n they_o find_v the_o inhabitant_n ready_a to_o give_v they_o battle_n at_o kenet_n who_o the_o dane_n present_o fight_v with_o and_o rout_v return_v with_o triumph_n to_o their_o ship_n enrich_v with_o the_o new_a spoil_n of_o the_o rout_v english_a king_n ethelred_n lie_v all_o this_o time_n in_o shropshire_n unable_a 1007._o to_o resist_v the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1007._o cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la primatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n polychronicon_n and_o other_o express_v it_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o noble_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o dane_n command_a they_o to_o tell_v they_o quod_fw-la sumptus_fw-la 9_o et_fw-la tributum_fw-la illis_fw-la dare_v vellent_fw-la that_o they_o will_v give_v they_o cost_v and_o tribute_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v desist_v from_o rapine_n and_o hold_v a_o firm_a peace_n with_o they_o to_o which_o request_n they_o consent_v and_o from_o that_o time_n cost_v be_v give_v they_o and_o a_o tribute_n pay_v they_o of_o thirty_o six_o thousand_o pound_n out_o of_o all_o england_n 360._o henry_n huntindon_n &_o bromton_n thus_o relate_v the_o business_n rexet_n senatus_n anglorum_fw-la dubii_fw-la quid_fw-la agerent_fw-la quid_fw-la omitterent_fw-la communi_fw-la deliberatione_n gravem_fw-la conventionem_fw-la cum_fw-la exercitu_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la pacis_fw-la observationem_fw-la 36000_o mil._n librar_fw-la ei_fw-la dederunt_fw-la a_o clear_a evidence_n that_o this_o agreement_n and_o peace_n be_v make_v and_o money_n grant_v and_o raise_v in_o england_n by_o common_a advice_n &_o consent_n in_o parliament_n or_o council_n infrenduit_n anglia_fw-it tota_fw-la velut_fw-la arundinem_fw-la zephiro_fw-la vibrante_fw-la collisum_fw-la unde_fw-la rex_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la confusione_n magna_fw-la consternatus_fw-la pecunia_fw-la pacem_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la quam_fw-la armis_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la adquisivit_fw-la write_v 387._o matthew_n westminster_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la 387._o pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la tributum_fw-la 36_o mil._n librarum_fw-la perselvit_fw-la dacis_fw-la as_o 462._o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la word_n it_o after_o which_o the_o king_n this_o year_n make_v edric_n aforemention_v duke_n of_o mercia_n and_o that_o by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o english_a a_o man_n of_o base_a parentage_n but_o extraordinary_a crafty_a eloquent_a witty_a and_o unconstant_a surpass_v all_o of_o that_o age_n in_o envy_n persidiousness_n pride_n cruelty_n and_o treason_n who_o soon_o after_o marry_v the_o king_n daughter_n edith_n whereby_o he_o have_v the_o better_a opportunity_n to_o betray_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n with_o less_o suspicion_n 10._o king_n ethelred_n though_o often_o vex_v with_o the_o 1007._o war_n and_o invasion_n of_o these_o foreign_a enemy_n yet_o he_o have_v a_o care_n to_o make_v good_a law_n for_o the_o benefit_n peace_n and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n whereupon_o have_v thus_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o dane_n an._n 1007._o he_o summon_v and_o hold_v a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n at_o aenham_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n at_o the_o exhortation_n of_o aelfeag_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n who_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o all_o the_o noble_n 6._o of_o england_n be_v present_a at_o it_o regis_fw-la aethelredi_fw-la edicto_fw-la concrepante_fw-la acciti_fw-la sunt_fw-la convenire_fw-la where_o they_o all_o assemble_v together_o de_fw-fr catholicae_fw-la cultu_fw-la religionis_fw-la reparando_fw-la deque_fw-la etiam_fw-la rei_fw-la statu_fw-la publicae_fw-la reparando_fw-la vel_fw-la consulendo_fw-la plura_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la pauca_fw-la utpote_fw-la divinâ—â—us_fw-la inspirati_fw-la ratiocinando_fw-la sermocinabantur_fw-la in_o this_o council_n they_o debate_v resolve_v on_o divers_a thing_n and_o enact_v many_o wholesome_a law_n and_o edict_n for_o the_o reformation_n and_o settle_v of_o religion_n and_o churchman_n the_o advancement_n of_o god_n worship_n the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n the_o advancement_n of_o civil_a justice_n and_o honesty_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n begin_v with_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n in_o the_o first_o place_n which_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n some_o law_n where_o of_o i_o shall_v here_o transcribe_v be_v very_o pertinent_a to_o my_o subject_n cap._n 5._o sapientes_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la leges_fw-la quique_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la hominibus_fw-la aequas_fw-la statuant_fw-la et_fw-la tueantur_fw-la 5._o iniquas_fw-la autem_fw-la omnino_fw-la deleant_fw-la justitiam_fw-la pauperi_fw-la atque_fw-la diviti_fw-la pari_fw-la exhibentes_fw-la lance_n et_fw-la pacem_fw-la insuper_fw-la et_fw-la concordiam_fw-la piè_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la seculo_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la hominibus_fw-la retinentes_fw-la cap._n 6._o sapientes_fw-la etiam_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la christianum_fw-la et_fw-la inâ—ontem_fw-la pretio_fw-la tradat_fw-la extra_fw-la patriam_fw-la praesertim_fw-la in_o pagani_n alicujus_fw-la servitium_fw-la cap_n 7._o sapientes_fw-la etiam_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la delicto_fw-la modico_fw-la nemo_fw-la christianum_fw-la morti_fw-la adjudicet_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la potius_fw-la leges_fw-la administret_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la populi_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la modico_fw-la eum_fw-la perdat_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la opus_fw-la manuum_fw-la dei_fw-la et_fw-la mercimonium_fw-la ejus_fw-la magno_fw-la comparatum_fw-la pretio_fw-la de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la autem_fw-la crimine_fw-la acuratius_fw-la decernito_fw-la sententiam_fw-la praebens_fw-la juxta_fw-la factum_fw-la mercedem_fw-la juxta_fw-la meritum_fw-la ita_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ut_fw-la secundum_fw-la divinam_fw-la clementiam_fw-la levis_fw-la sit_fw-la poena_fw-la et_fw-la secundum_fw-la humanam_fw-la fragilitatem_fw-la tolerabilis_fw-la cap._n 9_o nemo_fw-la dehinc_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la servitium_fw-la imponat_fw-la nec_fw-la clientelam_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la injuriis_fw-la afficiat_fw-la nec_fw-la ministrum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la inconsulto_fw-la episcopo_fw-la cap._n 21._o verba_fw-la et_fw-la opera_fw-la rectè_fw-la cuique_fw-la disâ—onat_fw-la et_fw-la jusjurandum_fw-la pactamque_fw-la fidem_fw-la cautè_fw-la teneat_fw-la omnem_fw-la etiam_fw-la injustitiam_fw-la è_fw-la patriae_fw-la finibus_fw-la quâ_fw-la poterit_fw-la industriâ_fw-la cuique_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la et_fw-la perjuria_fw-la formidanda_fw-la cap._n 22._o urbium_fw-la oppidorum_fw-la arcium_fw-la atque_fw-la pontium_fw-la instauratio_fw-la sedulo_fw-la fiat_fw-la prout_fw-la opus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la restaurentur_fw-la renoventur_fw-la vallis_fw-la et_fw-la fossis_fw-la muniantur_fw-la et_fw-la circumvallentur_fw-la militaris_fw-la etiam_fw-la et_fw-la navalis_fw-la profectio_fw-la uti_fw-la imperatum_fw-la est_fw-la ob_fw-la universalem_fw-la utique_fw-la 9_o necessitatem_fw-la cap._n 23._o de_fw-fr navali_fw-la expeditione_n sub_fw-la paschate_n cavendum_fw-la etiam_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la celerius_fw-la post_fw-la paschatis_fw-la festum_fw-la navalis_fw-la expeditio_fw-la annuo_fw-la sit_fw-la parata_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la navem_fw-la in_o reipublicae_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la deâ—ignatum_fw-la vitiaverit_fw-la damnum_fw-la integrè_fw-la restituito_fw-la et_fw-la pacem_fw-la regis_fw-la violatam_fw-la compensato_fw-la si_fw-mi verò_fw-la eam_fw-la ita_fw-la prorsus_fw-la corruperit_fw-la ut_fw-la deinceps_fw-la nihili_fw-la habeatur_fw-la plenam_fw-la luito_fw-la injuriam_fw-la et_fw-la laesam_fw-la praeterea_fw-la majestatem_fw-la so_o one_o translation_n out_o of_o the_o saxon_a copy_n read_v it_o but_o another_o thus_o nave_n per_fw-la singulos_fw-la annos_fw-la ob_fw-la patriae_fw-la defensionem_fw-la et_fw-la munitionem_fw-la praeparentur_fw-la poâ—â—que_fw-la sacrosanctum_fw-la paâ—cha_fw-la cum_fw-la cunctis_fw-la ut_fw-la enâ—libus_fw-la competentibus_fw-la simul_fw-la congregentur_fw-la qua_fw-la etiam_fw-la poena_fw-la digni_fw-la sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la navium_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la in_o aliquibus_fw-la perficiunt_fw-la notum_fw-la cunctis_fw-la esse_fw-la cupimus_fw-la quicunque_fw-la aliquam_fw-la ex_fw-la navibus_fw-la per_fw-la quampiam_fw-la inertiam_fw-la
anglorum_fw-la &_o ipsos_fw-la tam_fw-la â_fw-la suis_fw-la quam_fw-la ab_fw-la extraneis_fw-la concitata_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la penè_fw-la periclitata_fw-la sit_fw-la haereditaria_fw-la regum_fw-la successio_fw-la magnumque_fw-la interstitium_fw-la inter_fw-la fratrem_fw-la meum_fw-la edmundum_n qui_fw-la patri_fw-la meo_fw-la mortuo_fw-la successit_fw-la meque_fw-la habitum_fw-la sit_fw-la invadentibus_fw-la regnum_fw-la swegeno_n &_o cnutho_n filio_fw-la ejus_fw-la regibus_fw-la danorum_fw-la ac_fw-la filiis_fw-la ipsius_fw-la cnuthi_fw-la haroldo_n &_o harde-cnutho_a à _fw-la quibus_fw-la &_o alter_fw-la meus_fw-la frater_fw-la alfredus_fw-la crudeliter_fw-la est_fw-la occisus_fw-la solusque_fw-la sicut_fw-la joas_n occisionem_fw-la otholiae_fw-la sic_fw-la ego_fw-la crudelitatem_fw-la eorum_fw-la evasi_fw-la tandem_fw-la respectu_fw-la misericordiae_fw-la dei_fw-la post_z plures_fw-la annos_fw-la ego_fw-la edwardus_fw-la ad_fw-la paternum_n solum_fw-la reaccessi_fw-it et_fw-la eo_fw-la potitus_n sine_fw-la ullo_n bellorum_fw-la labour_n sicut_fw-la amabilis_fw-la deo_fw-la solomon_n tantâ_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o rerum_fw-la opulentiâ_fw-la abundavi_fw-la ut_fw-la nullus_fw-la antecedentium_fw-la regum_fw-la similis_fw-la mei_fw-la fuerit_fw-la in_o gloria_fw-la &_o divitiis_fw-la sed_fw-la gratia_fw-la dei_fw-la non_fw-la i_o ut_fw-la assolet_fw-la ex_fw-la opulentia_fw-la &_o superbia_fw-la contemptus_fw-la invasit_fw-la immo_fw-la coepi_fw-la cogitare_fw-la cujus_fw-la dono_fw-la &_o auxilio_fw-la ad_fw-la regni_fw-la culmen_fw-la evasi_fw-la quoniam_fw-la dei_fw-la est_fw-la regnum_fw-la &_o cui_fw-la vult_fw-la dare_v illud_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la mundus_fw-la transit_fw-la &_o concupiscentia_fw-la ejus_fw-la qui_fw-la autem_fw-la totum_fw-la se_fw-la subdit_fw-la deo_fw-la feliciter_fw-la regnat_fw-la &_o perpetualiter_fw-la dive_v est_fw-la itaque_fw-la deliberavi_fw-la i_o ire_n ad_fw-la lumina_fw-la subliminum_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la petri_n &_o paulâ—_n &_o ibi_fw-la gratias_fw-la agere_fw-la pro_fw-la collatis_fw-la beneficiis_fw-la king_n edward_n in_o the_o year_n 1051._o release_v the_o english_a 1051._o from_o the_o heavy_a tribute_n or_o danegeld_n which_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n and_o simeon_n dunelmensis_n thus_o express_v rex_fw-la edvardus_fw-la absolvit_fw-la anglos_n a_fw-la gravi_fw-la vectigali_fw-la 38._o 1._o anno_fw-la ex_fw-la quo_fw-la pater_fw-la ejus_fw-la rex_fw-la athelredus_fw-la danicos_fw-la solidarios_fw-la solvi_fw-la mandavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n quod_fw-la eye_v pater_fw-la suus_fw-la propter_fw-la danicos_fw-la solidarios_fw-la imposuerat_fw-la as_o 943._o brompton_n render_v it_o in_o another_o place_n roger_n the_o hunedon_n annalium_fw-la pars_fw-la 1._o p._n 441._o rodolphus_n de_fw-fr diceto_fw-la abbreviatione_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la col_fw-fr 145._o use_v the_o same_o word_n ailredus_fw-la abbas_n rievallis_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la &_o miraculis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la confessoris_fw-la col._n 383._o thus_o relate_v it_o insuper_fw-la &_o tributum_fw-la illud_fw-la gravissimum_fw-la quod_fw-la tempore_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la classi_fw-la danicae_fw-la pendebatur_fw-la postmodum_fw-la vero_fw-la fisco_fw-la regio_fw-la annis_n singulis_fw-la inferebatur_fw-la regius_fw-la liberalitate_fw-la remisit_fw-la et_fw-la ab_fw-la onere_fw-la hoc_fw-la importabili_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la angliam_fw-la absolvit_fw-la vnde_fw-la sancto_fw-la huic_fw-la regi_fw-la non_fw-la inconuenienter_fw-la aptatur_fw-la quod_fw-la scriptum_fw-la est_fw-la beatus_fw-la vir_fw-la qui_fw-la inventus_fw-la sine_fw-la macula_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la post_fw-la aurum_fw-la non_fw-la abiit_fw-la nec_fw-la speravit_fw-la in_o pecuniae_fw-la the_o sauris_fw-la post_fw-la aurum_fw-la non_fw-la abiit_fw-la quod_fw-la potius_fw-la dispersit_fw-la nec_fw-la speravit_fw-la in_o the_o sauris_fw-la quos_fw-la in_o dei_fw-la opere_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la minuit_fw-la quam_fw-la consumpsit_fw-la 418._o matthew_n westminster_n record_v it_o in_o these_o word_n anno_fw-la gratiae_fw-la 1051._o rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la a_fw-la vectigali_fw-la gravissimo_fw-la anglos_n absolvit_fw-la quod_fw-la patre_fw-la vivente_fw-la danicis_n stipendiariis_fw-la triginto_fw-la octo_fw-la millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la solvi_fw-la consuevit_fw-la henry_n de_fw-fr knighton_n de_fw-fr eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 9_o fol._n 233._o 1_o and_o higden_n in_o his_o polychronicon_n lib._n 6._o c._n 24._o f._n 254._o thus_o relate_v it_o rex_fw-la edvardus_fw-la absolvit_fw-la anglos_n a_o gravi_fw-la tributo_fw-la quod_fw-la paâ—ur_fw-la ejus_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la danicis_n solidariis_fw-la solvi_fw-la fecerat_fw-la &_o jam_fw-la per_fw-la 40._o annos_fw-la duraverat_fw-la which_o fabian_n in_o his_o chronicle_n part_v 8._o c._n 210._o p._n 282._o graston_n in_o his_o chronicle_n p._n 170._o speed_z in_o his_o history_n p._n 410._o holinshead_n and_o other_o thus_o express_v this_o king_n enward_o discharge_v english_a man_n of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o heavy_a tribute_n call_v danegeld_v which_o his_o father_n ethelred_n have_v make_v they_o pay_v to_o the_o soldier_n of_o denmark_n and_o have_v then_o dure_v 40._o year_n so_o that_o after_o that_o day_n it_o be_v no_o more_o gather_v abbot_n juguphus_fw-la historiae_fw-la pag._n 897._o thus_o record_v it_o more_o at_o large_a eodem_fw-la etiam_fw-la anno_fw-la 1051._o cum_fw-la terra_fw-la non_fw-la daret_fw-la solitâ_fw-la fertilitate_fw-la fructus_fw-la suos_fw-la sed_fw-la fames_fw-la plurimos_fw-la habitatores_fw-la devoraret_fw-la in_fw-la tantum_fw-la ut_fw-la bladuum_fw-la carentia_fw-la &_o panis_fw-la inopia_fw-la multa_fw-la hominum_fw-la millia_fw-la morierentur_fw-la miserecordiâ_fw-la motus_fw-la super_fw-la populum_fw-la piâ—ssimus_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la tributum_fw-la gravistmum_fw-la quod_fw-la danigelo_n dicebatur_fw-la omni_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la relaxavit_fw-la ferunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la regem_fw-la sanctissimum_fw-la cum_fw-la dictum_fw-la danigeld_n cublcularii_fw-la svi_fw-la collectum_fw-la in_o regis_fw-la cameram_fw-la infudissent_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la videndum_fw-la tanti_fw-la thesauri_fw-la cumulum_fw-la ipsum_fw-la adduxissent_fw-la ad_fw-la primum_fw-la aspectum_fw-la exhorrnisse_fw-la protestantem_fw-la se_fw-la daemonem_fw-la super_fw-la acervum_fw-la pecuniae_fw-la saltantem_fw-la &_o nimio_fw-la gaudio_fw-la exultantem_fw-la prospexisse_fw-la unde_fw-la pristinis_fw-la possessoribus_fw-la jussit_fw-la statim_fw-la reddere_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr tam_fw-la fera_fw-fr exactione_n ne_fw-fr jota_fw-la unum_fw-la voluit_fw-la retinere_fw-la quin_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la remisit_fw-la anno_fw-la scilicet_fw-la 38._o ex_fw-la que_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la ethelredi_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la suanus_fw-la rex_fw-la danorum_fw-la svo_fw-la exercitui_fw-la illud_fw-la solvi_fw-la singulis_fw-la annis_fw-la imperavit_fw-la this_o history_n of_o the_o devil_n dance_v upon_o this_o money_n be_v thus_o more_o full_o relate_v by_o roger_n de_fw-fr honeden_n annalinm_fw-la pars_fw-la prio_fw-la pag._n 447._o item_n de_fw-fr eodem_fw-la rege_fw-la edvardo_fw-la quadam_fw-la die_fw-la contigit_fw-la quod_fw-la cum_fw-la praedistus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la edwardus_fw-la regninâ_fw-la &_o comite_fw-la haraldo_n deducentibus_fw-la aerarium_fw-la suum_fw-la intravit_fw-la ut_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la videret_fw-la magnam_fw-la quam_fw-la regina_fw-la &_o comes_fw-la haraldus_n rege_fw-la ipso_fw-la nesciente_fw-la colligissent_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la regis_fw-la soilicet_fw-la per_fw-la singulos_fw-la comitatus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la unaquaque_fw-la hida_fw-la terrae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la denarios_fw-la ut_fw-la rex_fw-la inde_fw-la contra_fw-la natale_fw-la domini_fw-la pannos_fw-la emeret_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o servientium_fw-la suorum_fw-la cumque_fw-la rex_fw-la intrasset_fw-la aerarium_fw-la suum_fw-la comitantibus_fw-la regâ—â—a_fw-la &_o comite_fw-la haraldo_n videt_fw-la diabolum_fw-la sedentem_fw-la inter_fw-la denarios_fw-la illos_fw-la &_o ait_fw-la illi_fw-la rex_fw-la quid_fw-la hic_fw-la facis_fw-la cui_fw-la daemon_n respondit_fw-la custodio_fw-la hic_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la meam_fw-la 1._o &_o dixit_fw-la rex_fw-la conjuro_fw-la te_fw-la per_fw-la patrem_fw-la &_o filium_fw-la &_o spiritum_fw-la sanctum_fw-la ut_fw-la indices_fw-la mihi_fw-la quamobrem_fw-la pecunia_fw-la ista_fw-la tua_fw-la est_fw-la &_o respondens_fw-la dixit_fw-la ei_fw-la daemon_n quia_fw-la injust_a accquisita_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la substantia_fw-la pauperum_fw-la illi_fw-la autem_fw-la qui_fw-la illum_fw-la conmitabantur_fw-la stabant_fw-la stupefacti_fw-la audientes_fw-la quidem_fw-la illos_fw-la loquentes_fw-la neminem_fw-la autem_fw-la videntes_fw-la praeter_fw-la solum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ait_fw-la illis_fw-la rex_fw-la reddite_fw-la denarios_fw-la istos_fw-la illis_fw-la a_o quibus_fw-la capti_fw-la sunt_fw-la &_o fecerunt_fw-la sicut_fw-la praecepit_fw-la illis_fw-la rex_fw-la which_o be_v likewise_o remember_v by_o capgrave_n surius_n ribadeniera_n and_o other_o in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n from_o all_o which_o relation_n compare_v together_o it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o dangeld_n be_v a_o great_a most_o heavy_a and_o intolerable_a tribute_n first_o impose_v in_o king_n ethelreds_n reign_n to_o pay_v the_o danish_a navy_n and_o soldier_n then_o invade_v englana_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v the_o people_n 2._o that_o king_n swain_n the_o invade_v and_o usurp_a dane_n after_o he_o have_v get_v the_o power_n of_o this_o realm_n impose_v it_o annualy_a on_o the_o english_a and_o make_v it_o any_o early_a tribute_n to_o pay_v his_o army_n 3._o that_o the_o danish_a succeed_v king_n continue_v and_o make_v it_o a_o kind_n of_o annual_a revenue_n to_o cloth_n and_o pay_v their_o soldier_n and_o mariner_n for_o sundry_a year_n together_o 4._o that_o it_o be_v yearly_o pay_v unto_o the_o king_n exchequer_n and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n to_o wit_n four_o penny_n a_o year_n out_o of_o every_o hide_n or_o plough_v land_n throughout_o england_n or_o else_o twelve_o penny_n or_o two_o shilling_n a_o year_n as_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o black_a